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PREFACE. 



^"[^HE history of Union Coiinty, M'hich has been for a year past in course of 
JL preparation, is herewith presented to the patrons of the work, in a form 
which is confidently believed will prove satisfactory to all. The magnitude of 
the task of writing such a history can only be conceived by those who are ex- 
perienced, and the thousand other details attendant upon the preparation and 
publication of the work are familiar to and can be appreciated only by those 
who have engaged in similar business. The result of twelve months of hard 
labor is a history of which the compilers and publishers are proud, and which, 
if possessing imperfections, is as nearly accurate as it has been possible to 
make it in the time taken, and maj' be considered authentic and reliable. The 
writers have been conscientious in the execution of their duty, and those per- 
sons engaged in the various other branches have also attended faithfully and 
well to the tasks assigned them. The first eleven chapters of the general his- 
tory, as also chapter thirteen, were prepared by Pliny A. Durant, who also 
wrote the history of Marysville. Chapter twelve is contributed by Judge John 
B. Coats. Part IT. Military Record, was contributed by Col. Will L. Curry, 
to whom are due the earnest thanks of writers and publishers for the interest he 
has taken in the work and the facilities he has afforded, when within his pow- 
er, to those in search of information for insertion in this volume. The histories 
of Paris, Claibourne, Darby, Jackson, Jerome, Leesburg, AVashington and York 
Townships were written by John B. Mansfield, of Ashland, Ohio, and those of 
Allen, Dover, Liberty, Mill Creek, Taylor and Union by N. B. Holder, of 
Greenville, Ohio. R. L. Woodburn, Esq.. of Marysville, furnished an article 
on the County Agricultural Society ; Dr. T. P. Shields, of Watkins, contrib- 
uted an excellent paper upon the County Grange ; William Lee, of Marys- 
ville, is the author of the article upon the County Bible Society and a sketch 
of his brother, Cyprian Lee, deceased ; Judge P. B. Cole furnished interest- 
ing biographical sketches, mentioned elsewhere, and is also credited with many 
special favors ; Capt. H. C. Hamilton, of Eichwood, furnished interesting 
reminiscences which were added to the history of Claibourne Township ; Kev. 
John Graham, of Richwood, prepared the religious history of his township, 
and others in all parts of the county have contributed freely of their knowl- 
edge and allowed the gentlemen in charge the use of very many documents 
bearing upon the early history of the county. 

Especial mention should also be made, for favors extended, of Hon. J. 
W. Robinson, F. J. Sager, Col. A. B. Robinson, William M. Robinson (Pres- 
ident of the Pioneer Society), Judge John L. Porter, John H. Shearer, Leon- 
idas Piper, Esq., all the county ofiicers, the Directors and Librarian of the 
Marysville Library, the officers of the Marysville corporation, George Snod- 
grass (the oldest surviving native of the county), A. S. Mowry, Mrs. Stephen 
Winget, R. L. Partridge, Taber Randall, W. M. Winget, Mrs. Judge Cassil 
and daughter, W^ C. Malin, Philip Snider, John F. Sabine, Dr. A. Sabine, 
j.^Mrs. A. F. Wilkins, Mrs. Thomas Turner, membei's of the clergy, press and / 

HAP. 

Bio\ 



IV 



PUEFACK. 



bar, members of the various churches, orders and societies, Hon. H. Sabine, 
State Commissioner of Kailroads and Telegraphs, the Recorder of Ross Coun- 
ty, Mrs. Judge Woods and family, of Minneapolis, Minn., Nelson Cone and 
John Curry, of Jerome Township, Llewellyn Curry, of Chicago, proprietors 
of manufacturing establishments, and all who have contributed, even in the 
least degree, to swell the vast f and of valuable historical matter which is in- 
cluded in this publication. It is impossible to mention the names of all who 
have thus aided. No stone has been left unturned which would reflect further 
light upon doubtful points. The patrons' biographical department of each 
Township is full and complete ; the portraits which have been inserted are" 
from among the representative families of the county, and the book is most 
respectfully submitted by The Publishers. 




k 



4' 



CONTENTS. 



PART I. 

HISTORY OF THE XORTHWEST TERRITORY. 



PAGE. 

Geographical Position 19 

Early Explorations 20 

Discovery of Ohio 32 

English Explorations and Settle- 



PAGE. 

ments 34 

American Settlements 59 

Division of the Northwest Terri- 
tory 65 



PAGE. 

Tecumseh and the War of 1812 ... 69 
Black Hawk and the Black Hawk 
War 73 



PART II. 

HISTORY 4»F THE STATE OF OHIO. 



History of Ohio 93 

F'rench History 96 

Ordinance of l"787, No. 32 105 

The War of 1812 122 



Organization of Counties 1,37 

Description of Counties 137 

Early Events 137 

(iovernors of Ohio 160 



Banking 126 Ancient Works 174 

The Canal System 128 j Some General Characteristics 177 

Ohio Land Tracts 129 | Outline Geology of Ohio 179 

Improvements 132 ' Ohio's Rank During the War 182 

State Boundaries 136 

PART III. 



A Brief >rention of Prominent 

Ohio Generals 191 

Some Discussed Subjects 196 

Conclusion 200 

Comments upon the Ordinance of 
1787, from the Statutes of Ohio. 
Edited by Salmon P. Chase, and 
Published in the year 1833 204 



HISTOKY' OF UIVIOIV COfTXTY. 



PAGE. 

CHAPTER I.— Physical Features— Geography, 
Topography, Geolot'V, Soils, etc 215 

CHAPTER n.— The Western Border— Indian 
Occupants — Border Warfare — Treaties, Facts 
and Incidents 222 

CHAPTER III.— The Virginia Military District 
— Origin of Title — Explorations and Surveys 
— Prominent Surveyors — First Settlements 
in the District ". 262 

CHAPTER IV.— Pioneer History— Pre-Historic 
— Early Events, Manners and Customs — 
Early Schools, Religious Organizations, Etc. 
— Miscellaneous Matters of Interest Con- 
cerning Pioneer Times 277 

CHAPTER v.— Civil Organization of XTnion 
County — Its Pedigree — Organization and Facts 



PAGE. 

Connected Therewith— Its Division Into 
Townships— Location of County Seat— County 
Buildings .' .304 

CHAPTER VI.— County Societies .328 

CHAPTER VII.— The County Board— Proceed- 
ings of the Board of Commissioners— Statisti- 
cal ,341 

CHAPTER VIII.— The Courts and Civil List .' 359 

CHAPTER IX.-The Fcnch and Bar of Union 

Countv 374 

CHAPTER X.— The Union County Medical Asso- 
ciation 397 

CHAPTER XI —The Press of Union Countv 399-' 

CHAPTER XII.— Log Cabin Campaign of 1840, etc. 402 
CHAPTER XIIL— Internal Improvements^ 410 



PART IV. 



MILITARY 

CHAPTER I.— War of the Revolution 427 

CHAPTER II.— War of 1812 429 I 

CHAPTER III.— The Old Militia 434 

CHAPTER IV.— The Mexican War, 1846-1847 437 I 

CHAPTER v.— The War of the Rebellion 441 ! 

Roster— Infantry Regiments, with History. 452-.523 

Cavalry Regiments, with History 523-530 

Miscellaneous Regiments, with Historv 530 

Miscellaneous I^nlistments .533 

Siege of Cincinnati 534 

Veterans 535 



RECORD. 

A Tabular List of Military Organizations of 

Ohio, with the leading facts in their Historv 537 
Losses by Regiments of Union County Sol- 
diers '. 540 

Union County's Heroic Dead 541 

National Military Cemeteries 541 

Names and Dates of the Principal Battles of 

the War of the Rebellion 542 

Relief Work and Aid Societies 551 

Union CountyvEx-Soldiers' Association '. 553 

Grand Army of the Republic 554 

Marches, Battles and Sieges 557 



PART V. 

TOWNSHIP HISTORIES. 



CHAPTER I.— Paris Township— Marysville.. 3 

Biographical Sketches 76 

CHAPTER II.— Union Township 158 

Biographical Sketches 198 

CHAPTER III.— Darby Township 217 

Biographical Sketches 242 

CHAPTER IV.— .Terome Township 262 

Biogranhical Sketches 291 

CHAPTEIj v.— Mill Creek Township 328 

Biographical Sketches 343 

CIxAPTER VI.— Dover To-«>nship 353 

Biographical Sketches.. 372 

CHAPTER VII.— Liberty Township 381 

Biographical Sketches 404 



CHAPTER VIII.— Leesburg Township 414 

Biographical Sketches 433 

CHAPTER IX.— Allen Township 451 

Biographical Sketches 471 

CHAPTER X.- Jackson Township 484 

Biographical Sketches 50< 

CHAPTER XI —York Township 51.3 

Biographical Sketches 535 

CHAPTER Xll.-Claibourne Township .557 

Biographical Sketches 607 

CHAPTER XIIL- Washington Township 656 

Biographical Sketches 666 

CHAPTER XIV.— Taylor Township 674 

Biographical Sketches 684 



VI 



CONTENTS. 



PORTRA1T.S. 



Otway Curry Frontispiece. 

Paet II. 

James A. Curry 11'^ 

William Hamilton 134 

W. W. Woods 151 

C. S. Hamilton 170 

J. H. Langstaff. 187 

Jesse Gill '^06 

James FuUington 211 

Part III. 

John B. Coats 226 

Nathan Howard 235 

George Stevens 246 

G. B.Hamilton 255 

Andrew McNeil 266 

William T. Fulton 275 

Levi Longbrake 28G 

John H. Shearer 295 

S. B. Woodburn 336 

J. K. Richey 345 

Thomas Stillings 356 

James Thompson 365 

A. S. Chapman 370 

A. H. McCampbell....l 385 

George M. Rickard 396 

J. Q. Southard 405 

W. H. MePeck 416 

Part IV. 

W. H. Robb 443 

D. H. Henderson 462 

Andrew Sabine 479 

A. B. Robinson 498 

D. W. Henderson 515 

John Hobensack -533 

H. C. Hamilton 550 

Part V. 

S. D. Robinson 9 

Jehu Gray 20 

Lorenzo Cheney 29 

W. P. Hazen 40 

I. N. Hamilton 49 

J. W. Hedges 60 

George M. McPeck 69 

E. E. Hazen 80 

Henry- Hazen 89 



PAGE. 

P.^RT V — Continued. 

Leroy Decker lOO 

J. T. McCuUough 109 

J. H. Dodge 120 

E. K. Fox 129 

E. Y. King 140 

A. J. Blake 149 

John Blair 160 

R. L. Partridge 169 

W. C. Henderson 180 

George Wilber 189 

Peleg Cranston 200 

Luther Turner 209 

H. P. Goff 220 

Walter B. Beecher 229 

J. T. Mahaffey 240 

S. S. Jewell 249 

James .'^mith 260 

W. C. Wood 269 

Michael Sager 280 

Robert Hill 289 

James S. Smith 309 

W. M. Winget 320 

J. F. Bennett 329 

J. V. Finley 340 

Elijah Witter 349 

Shepherd Clark 360 

Philip Coe 369 

J. D. Haines 380 

Samuel Sherwood 389 

Matthew Lingrel 400 

Henry Amrine 409 

Stephen Cranston 420 

Henry Fox 4^9 

John Newhouse 440 

David Reyner 449 

S. D. Kilgore 460 

John Elliott 469 

Andrew Taylor 480 

James Herd 489 

J. J. Gabriel 500 

John Maskill 509 

J. M. Gunder 520 

Thomas Skidmore 529 

William M. Skidmore 540 

Amon Davis 549 

B. P. Glascoe 560 

George Coder , 569 

John Paver 580 



IL-lillSTKATIOXS. 



Source of the Mississippi 22 

La Salle Landing on the Shores of Green Bay 24 

Buffalo Hunt 26 

Trapping 28 

Mouth of the Mississippi 31 

High Bridge 33 

Pontiae, the Ottawa Chieftain 42 

Indians Attacking Frontiersman 55 



Present Site of Lake Street Bridge, Chicago, 1833 5i 

A Pioneer Dwelling 60 

Lake Bluft 62 

Tecumseh, the Shawnee Chieftain 68 

Indians Attacking a Stockade 71 

Black Hawk, the Sac Chieftain 74 

Perry's Monument, Cleveland 91 

Niagara Falls 92 



MISCErLiAXEOU-S. 



Map of Union County 14-15 

Constitution of the United States 79 

Area of the United States 203 

Area of the Principal Countries in the World 203 

First Union County Court House, Lithograph 305 

Third Union County Court House, Lithograph 316 

Fourth Union County Court House, Lithograph 325 



Population of the Principal Countries in the 

World 203 

Population of Ohio by Counties 203 

Population of Union County :i47 

Photo-Lithograph of account kept by Col. James 
lurry when in the service of the United States, 
made from the original document <... oOO 







^2;; 








^ 



© 






(I 




PART I. 

The Northwest Territory. 



The Northwest Territory. 



GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION. 

When the Northwestern Territory was ceded to the United States 
by Virginia in 1784, it embraced only the territory lying between the 
Ohio and the Mississippi Rivers, and north to the northern limits of the 
United States. It coincided with the area now embraced in the States 
of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, and that portion of 
Minnesota' lying on the east side of the Mississippi River. The United 
States itself at that period extended no farther west than the Mississippi 
River ; but by the purchase of Louisiana in 1803, the western boundary 
of the United States was extended to the Rocky Mountains and the 
Northern Pacific Ocean. The new territory thus added to the National 
domain, and subsequently opened to settlement, has been called the 
" New Northwest," in contradistinction from the old " Northwestern 
Territory. " 

in comparison with the old Northwest this is a territory of vast 
magnitude. It includes an area of 1,887,850 square miles ; being greater 
in extent than the united areas of all the Middle and Southern States, 
including Texas. Out of this magnificent territory have been erected 
eleven sovereign States and eight Territories, with an aggregate popula- 
tion, at the present time, of 13,000,000 inhabitants, or nearly one third of 
the entire population of the United States. 

Its lakes are fresh-water seas, and the larger rivers of the continent 
flow for a thousand miles through its rich alluvial valleys and far- 
stretching prairies, more acres of which are arable and productive of the 
highest percentage of the cereals than of any other area of like extent 
on the globe. 

For the last twenty years the increase of population in the North- 
west has been about as three to one in any other portion of the United 
States. 

(19) 



20 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 



EARLY EXPLORATIONS. 

In the year 1541, DeSoto first saw the Great West in the New 
World. He, however, penetrated no farther north than the 35th parallel 
of latitude. The expedition resulted in his death and that of more than 
half his army, the remainder of whom found their way to Cuba, thence 
to Spain, in a famished and demoralized condition. DeSoto founded no 
settlements, produced no results, and left no traces, unless it were that 
he awakened the hostility of the red man against the white man, and 
disheartened such as might desire to follow up the career of discovery 
for better purposes. The French nation were eager and ready to seize 
upon any news from this extensive domain, and were the first to profit by 
DeSoto's defeat. Yet it was more than a century before any adventurer 
took advantage of these discoveries. 

In 1616, four years before the pilgrims " rnoored their bark on the 
wild New England shore," Le Caron, a French Franciscan, had pene- 
trated through the Iroquois and Wyandots (Hurons) to the streams which 
run into Lake Huron ; and in 1634, two Jesuit missionaries founded the 
first mission among the lake tribes. It was just one hundred years from 
the discovery of the Mississippi by DeSoto (1541) until the Canadian 
envoys met the savage nations of the Northwest at the Falls of St. Mary, 
below the outlet of Lake Superior. This visit led to no permanent 
result; yet it was not until 1659 that any of the adventurous fur traders 
attempted to spend a Winter in the frozen wilds about the great lakes, 
nor was it until 1660 that a station was established upon their borders l^y 
Mesnard, who perished in the woods a few months after. In 1665, Claude 
Allouez built the earliest lasting habitation of the white man among the 
Indians of the Northwest. In 1668, Claude Dablon and James Marquette 
founded the mission of Sault Ste. Marie at the Falls of St. Mary, and two 
years afterward, Nicholas Perrot, as agent for M. Talon, Governor Gen- 
eral of Canada, explored Lake Illinois (Michigan) as far south as the 
present City of Chicago, and invited the Indian nations to meet him at a 
grand council at Sault Ste. Marie the following Spring, where they were 
taken under the protection of the king, and formal possession was taken 
of the Northwest. This same year Marquette established a mission at 
Point St. Ignatius, where was founded the old town of Michillimackinac. 

During M. Talon's explorations and Marquette's residence at St. 
Ignatius, they learned of a great river away to the west, and fancied 
— as all others did then — that upon its fertile banks whole tribes of God's 
children resided, to whom the sound of the Gospel had never come. 
Filled with a wish to go and preach to them, and in compliance with a 



THE NORTHWEST TEERITOE.Y. 21 

request of M. Talon, who earnestly desired to extend the domain of his 
king, and to ascertain whether the river flowed into the Gulf of Mexico 
or the Pacific Ocean, Marquette with Joliet, as commander of the expe- 
dition, prepared for the undertaking. 

On the 13th of May, 1673, the explorers, accompanied by five assist- 
ant French Canadians, set out from Mackinaw on their daring voyage of 
discovery. The Indians, who gathered to witness their departure, were 
astonished at the boldness of the undertaking, and endeavored to dissuade 
them from their purpose by representing the tribes on the Mississippi as 
exceedingly savage and cruel, and the river itself as full of all sorts of 
frightful monsters ready to swallow them and their canoes together. But, 
nothing daunted by these terrific descriptions, Marquette told them he 
was willing not only to encounter all the perils of the unknown region 
they were about to explore, but to lay down his life in a cause in which 
the salvation of souls was involved ; and having prayed together they 
separated. Coasting along the northern shore of Lake Michigan, the 
adventurers entered Green Bay, and passed thence up the Fox River and 
Lake Winnebago to a village of the Miamis and Kickapoos. Here Mar- 
quette was delighted to find a beautiful cross planted in the middle of the 
town ornamented with white skins, red girdles and bows and arrows, 
which these good j^eople had offered to the Great Manitou, or God, to 
thank him for the pity he had bestowed on them during the Winter in 
giving them an abundant " chase." This was the farthest outpost to 
which Dablon and Allouez had extended their missionary labors the 
year previous. Here Marquette drank mineral waters and was instructed 
in the secret of a root which cures the bite of the venomous rattlesnake. 
He assembled the chiefs and old men of the village, and, pointing to 
Joliet, said: " My friend is an envoy of France, to discover new coun- 
tries, and I am an ambassador from God to enlighten them with the truths 
of the Gospel." Two Miami guides were here furnished to conduct 
them to the Wisconsin River, and they set out from the Indian village on 
the 10th of June, amidst a great crowd of natives who had assembled to 
witness their departure into a region where no white man had ever yet 
ventured. The guides, having conducted them across the portage, 
returned. The explorers launched their canoes upon the Wisconsin, 
which they descended to the Mississippi and proceeded down its unknown 
waters. What emotions must have swelled their breasts as they struck 
out into the broadening current and became conscious that they were 
now upon the bosom of ths Father of Waters. The mystery was about 
to be lifted from the long-sought river. The scenery in that locality is 
beautiful, and on that delightful seventeenth of June must have been 
clad in all its primeval loveliness as it had been adorned by the hand of 



22 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 



Nature. Drifting rapidly, it is said that the bold bluffs on either hand 
" reminded them of the castled shores of their own beautiful rivers of 
France." By-and-by, as they drifted along, great herds of buffalo appeared 
on the banks. On going to the heads of the valley they could see a 
country of the greatest beauty and fertility, apparently destitute of inhab- 
itants yet presenting the appearance of extensive manors, under the fas- 
tidious cultivation of lordly proprietors. 




SOUECE OF THE MISSISSIPPI. 



On June 25, they went ashore and found some fresh traces of men upon 
the sand, and a path which led to the prairie. The men remained in the 
boat, and Marquette and Joliet followed the path till they discovered a 
village on the banks of a river, and two other villages on a hill, within a 
half league of the first, inhabited by Indians. They were received most 
hospitably by these natives, who had never before seen a white person. 
After remaining a few daj^s they re-embarked and descended the river to 
about latitude 33°, where they found a village of the Arkansas, and being 
satisfied that the river flowed into the Gulf of Mexico, turned their course 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 23 

up the river, and ascending the stream to the mouth of the Illinois, 
rowed up that stream to its source, and procured guides from that point 
to the lakes. " Nowhere on this journey," says Marquette, *' did we see 
such grounds, meadows, woods, stags, buffaloes, deer, wildcats, bustards, 
swans, ducks, parroquets, and even beavers, as on the Illinois River." 
The party, without loss or injury, reached Green Bay in September, and 
reported their discovery — one of the most important of the age, but of 
which no record was preserved save Marquette's, Joliet losing his by 
the upsetting of his canoe on his way to Quebec. Afterward Marquette 
returned to the Illinois Indians by their request, and ministered to them 
until 1675. On the 18th of May, in that year, as he was passing the 
mouth of a stream — going with his boatmen up Lake Michigan — he asked 
to land at its mouth and celebrate Mass. Leaving his men with the canoe, 
he retired a short distance and began his devotions. As much time 
passed and he did not return, his men went in search of him, and found 
him upon his knees, dead. He had peacefuU}'' passed away while at 
prayer. He was buried at this spot. Charlevoix, who visited the place 
fifty years after, found the waters had retreated from the grave, leaving 
the beloved missionary to repose in peace. The river has since been 
called Marquette. 

While Marquette and his companions were pursuing their labors in 
the West, two men, differing widely from him and each other, were pre- 
paring to follow in his footsteps and perfect the discoveries so well begun 
by him. These were Robert de La Salle and Louis Hennepin. 

After La Salle's return from the discovery of the Ohio River (see 
the narrative elsewhere), he established himself again among the French 
trading posts in Canada. Here he mused long upon the pet project of 
those ages — a short way to China and the East, and was busily planning an 
expedition up the great lakes, and so across the continent to the Pacific, 
when Marquette returned from the Mississippi. At once the vigorous mind 
of LaSalle received from his and his companions' stories the idea that by fol- 
lowing the Great River northward, or by turning up some of the numerous 
western tributaries, the object could easily be gained. He applied to 
Frontenac, Governor General of Canada, and laid before him the plan, 
dim but gigantic. Frontenac entered warmly into his plans, and saw that 
LaSalle's idea to connect the great lakes by a chain of forts with the Gulf 
of Mexico would bind the countr}^ so wonderfully together, give un- 
measured power to France, and glory to himself, under whose adminis- 
tration he earnestly hoped all would be realized. 

LaSalle now repaired to France, laid his plans before the King, who 
warmly approved of them, and made hun a Chevalier. He also received 
from all the noblemen the warmest wishes for his success. The Chev- 



24 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITOEY. 



alier returned to Canada, and busily entered upon his work. He at 
once rebuilt Fort Frontenac and constructed the first ship to sail on 
these fresh-water seas. On the 7th of August, 1679, having been joined 
by Hennepin, he began his voyage in the GrifiQn up Lake Erie. He 
passed over this lake, through the straits beyond, up Lake St.- Clair and 
into Huron. In this lake they encountered heavy storms. They were 
some time at Michillimackinac, where LaSalle founded a fort, and passed 
on to Green Bay, the " Baie des Puans " of the French, where he found 
a large quantity of furs collected for him. He loaded the Griffin with 
these, and placing her under the care of a pilot and fourteen sailors, 




LA SALLE LANDING ON THE SHORE OF GREEN BAY. 

Started her on her return voyage. The vessel was never afterward heard 
of. He remained about these parts until early in the Winter, when, hear- 
ing nothing from the Griffin, he collected all the men — thirty working 
men and three monks — and started again upon his great undertaking. 

By a short portage they passed to the Illinois or Kankakee, called by 
the Indians, "Theakeke," tvolf, because of the tribes of Indians called 
by that name, commonly known as the Mahingans, dwelling there. The 
French pronounced it Kiakiki, which became corrupted to Kankakee. 
"Falling down the said river by easy journeys, the better to observe the 
country," about the last of December they reached a village of the Illi- 
nois Indians, containing some five hundred cabins, but at that moment 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 25 

no inhabitants. The Seur de LaSalle being in want of some breadstuff's, 
took advantage of the absence of the Indians to help himself to a suffi- 
ciency of maize, large quantities of which he found concealed in holes 
under the wigwams. This village was situated near the present village 
of Utica in LaSalle County, Illinois. The corn being securely stored, 
the voyagers again betook themselves to the stream, and toward evening, 
on the 4th day of January, 1680, they came into a lake which must have 
been the lake of Peoria. This was called by the Indians Pim-i-te-ivi, that 
is, a place where there are many fat beasts. Here the natives were met 
with in large numbers, but they were gentle and kind, and having spent 
some time with them, LaSalle determined to erect another fort in that 
place, for he had heard rumors that some of the adjoining tribes were 
trying to disturb the good feeling which existed, and some of his men 
were disposed to complain, owing to the hardships and perils of the travel. 
He called this fort " Crevecoeur'" (broken-heart), a name expressive of the 
very natural sorrow and anxiety which the pretty certain loss of his ship. 
Griffin, and his consequent impoverishment, the danger of hostility on the 
part of the Indians, and of mutiny among his own men, might well cause 
him. His fears were not entirely groundless. At one time poison was 
placed in his food, but fortunately was discovered. 

While building this fort, the Winter wore away, the prairies began to 
look green, and LaSalle, despairing of any reinforcements, concluded to 
return to Canada, raise new means and new men, and embark anew in 
the enterprise. For this purpose he made Hennepin the leader of a party 
to explore the head waters of the Mississippi, and he set out on his jour- 
ney. This journey was accomplished with the aid of a few persons, and 
was successfully made, though over an almost unknown route, and in a 
bad season of the year. He safely reached Canada, and set out again for 
the object of his search. 

Hennepin and his party left Fort Crevecoeur on the last of February, 
1680. When LaSalle reached this place on his return expedition, he 
found the fort entirely deserted, and he was obliged to return again to 
Canada. He embarked the third time, and succeeded. Seven days after 
leaving the fort, Hennepin reached the Mississippi, and paddling up the 
icy stream as best he could, reached no higher than the Wisconsin River 
by the 11th of April. Here he and his followers were taken prisoners by a 
band of Northern Indians, who treated them with great kindness. Hen- 
nepin's comrades were Anthony Auguel and Michael Ako. On this voy- 
age they found several beautiful lakes, and " saw some charming prairies." 
Their captors were the Isaute or Sauteurs, Chippewas, a tribe of the Sioux 
nation, who took them up the river until about the first of May, when 
they reached some falls, which Hennepin christened Falls of St. Anthony 



26 



THE NOETHWEST TERRITORY. 



in honor of his patron saint. Here they took the land, and traveling 
nearly two hundred miles to the northwest, brought them to their villao-es. 
Here they were kept about three months, were treated kindly by their 
captors, and at the end of that time, were met by a band of Frenchmen, 






BUFFALO HUNT. 

lieaded by one Seur de Luth, who, in pursuit of trade and game, had pene- 
trated thus far by the route of Lake Superior ; and with these fellow- 
countrymen Hennepin and his companions were allowed to return to the 
borders of civilized life in November, 1680, just after LaSalle had 
returned to the wilderness on his second trip. Hennepin soon after went 
to France, where he published an account of his adventures. 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 2T 

The Mississippi was first discovered by De Soto in April, 1541, in his 
vain endeavor to find gold and precious gems. In the following Spring, 
De Soto, weary with hope long deferred, and worn out with his wander- 
ings, fell a victim to disease, and on the 21st of May died. His followers, 
reduced by fatigue and disease to less than three hundred men, wandered 
about the country nearly a year, in the vain endeavor to rescue them- 
selves by land, and finally constructed seven small vessels, called brig- 
antines, in which they embarked, and descending the river, supposing it 
would lead them to the sea, in July they came to the sea (Gulf of 
Mexico), and by September reached the Island of Cuba. 

They were the first to see the great outlet of the Mississippi; but, 
being so weary and discouraged, made no attempt to claim the country, 
and hardly had an intelligent idea of what they had passed through. 

To La Salle, the intrepid explorer, belongs the honor of giving the 
first account of the mouths of the river. His great desire was to possess 
this entire country for his king, and in January, 1682, he and his band of 
explorers left the shores of Lake Michigan on their third attempt, crossed 
the Portage, passed down the Illinois River, and on the 6th of February 
reached the banks of the Mississippi. 

On the 18th they commenced their downward course, which they 
pursued with but one interruption, until upon the 6th of March they dis- 
covered the three great passages by which the river discharges its waters 
into the gulf. La Salle thus narrates the event : 

" We landed on the bank of the most western channel, about three 
leagues (nine miles) from its mouth. On the seventh, M. de La Salle 
went to reconnoiter the shores of the neighboring sea, and M. de Tonti 
meanwhile examined the great middle channel. They found the main 
outlets beautiful, large and deep. On the eighth we reascended the river, 
a little above its confluence with the sea, to find a dry place beyond the 
reach of inundations. The elevation of the North Pole was here about 
twenty-seven degrees. Here we prepared a column and a cross, and to 
the column were affixed the arms of France with this inscription : 

" Louis Le Grand, Roi de France et de Navarre, regne ; Le neuvieme April, 1682." 

The whole party, under arms, chanted the Te Deum, and then, after 
a salute and cries of " Vive le Roi,''' the column was erected by M. de 
La Salle, who, standing near it, proclaimed in a loud voice the authority of 
the King of France. La Salle returned and laid the foundations of the Mis- 
sissippi settlements in Illinois ; thence he proceeded to France, where 
another expedition was fitted out, of which he was commander, and in two 
succeeding voyages failed to find the outlet of the river by sailing along 
the shore of the gulf. On the third voyage he was killed, through the 



28 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 



treachery of his followers, and the object of his expeditions was not 
accomplished until 1699, Avhen D"Iberville, under the authority of the 
crown, discovered, on the second of March, by way of the sea, the mouth 
of the "Hidden River." This majestic stream was called by the natives 
*^ MalboiicJua,'' and by the Spaniards, " Za Palissade,'' from the great 







tiJd. 




TRAPPING. 

number of trees about its mouth. After traversing the several outlets, 
and satisfying himself as to its certainty, he erected a fort near its western 
outlet, and returned to France. 

An avenue of trade was now opened out which was fully improved. 
T:i 1718, New Orleans was laid out and settled by some European colo- 
nists. In 1762, the colony was made over to Spain, to be regained by 
France under the consulate of Napoleon. In 1803, it was purchased by 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITOrvT. 29 

the United States for the sum of fifteen million dollars, and the territory 
of Louisiana and commerce of the Mississippi River came under the 
charge of the United States. Although LaSalle's labors ended in defeat 
and death, he had not worked and suffered in vain. He had thrown 
open to France and the world an immense and most valuable country ; 
had established several ports, and laid the foundations of more than one 
settlement there. " Peoria, Kaskaskia and Cahokia, are to this day monu- 
ments of LaSalle's labors ; for, though he had founded neither of them 
(unless Peoria, which was built nearly upon the site of Fort Crevecoeur,) 
it was by those whom he led into the West that these places were 
peopled and civilized. He was, if not the discoverer, tlie first settler of 
the Mississippi Valley, and as such deserves to be known and honored." 

The French early improved the opening made for them. Before the 
year 1698, the Rev. Father Gravier began a mission among the Illinois, 
and founded Kaskaskia. For some time this was merely a missionary 
station, where none but natives resided, it being one of three such vil- 
lages, the other two being Cahokia and Peoria. What is known of 
these missions is learned from a letter written by Father Gabriel Marest, 
dated " Aux Cascaskias, autremeut dit de I'lmraaculate Conception de 
la Sainte Vierge, le 9 Novembre, 1712." Soon after the founding of 
Kaskaskia, the missionary, Pinet, gathered a flock at Cahokia, while 
Peoria arose near the ruins of Fort Crevecoeur. This must have been 
about the year 1700. The post at Vincennes on the Oubache river, 
(pronounced Wa-ba, meaning summer cloud moving swiftly^ was estab- 
lished in 1702, according to the best authorities.* It is altogether prob- 
able that on LaSalle's last trip he established the stations at Kaskaskia 
and Cahokia. In July, 1701, the foundations of Fort Ponchartrain 
were laid by De la Motte Cadillac on the Detroit River. These sta- 
tions, with those established further north, were the earliest attempts to 
occupy the Northwest Territory. At the same time efforts were being 
made to occupy the Southwest, which finally culminated in the settle- 
ment and founding of the City of New Orleans by a colony from England 
in 1718. This was mainly accomplished through the efforts of the 
famous Mississippi Compan}', established by the notorious John Law, 
who so quickly arose into prominence in France, and who with his 
scheme so quickly and so ignominiously passed away. 

From the time of the founding of these stations for fifty years the 
French nation were engrossed with the settlement of the lower Missis- 
sippi, and the war with the Chicasaws, who had, in revenge for repeated 

* There is considerable dispute aijout tliis date, some asserting it was founded as late as 174^. When 
the new court house at Vincennes was erected, all authorities oa the subject were carefully examined, and. 
170a fixed upon as the correct date. It was accordingly engraved on the corner-stone of the court house. 



30 THE NOKTHWEST TEKKITORY. 

injuries, cut off the entire colony at Natchez. Although the company 
did little for Louisiana, as the entire West was then called, yet it opened 
the trade through the JNIississippi River, and started the raising of grains 
indigenous to that climate. Until the year 1750, but little is known of 
the settlements in the Northwest, as it was not until this time that the 
attention of the English was called to the occupation of this portion of the 
New World, which they then supposed they owned. Vivier, a missionary 
among the Illinois, writing from " Aux Illinois," six leagues from Fort 
Chartres, June 8, 1750, says: "We have here whites, negroes and 
Indians, to say nothing of cross-breeds. There are five French villages, 
and three villages of the natives, within a space of twentj^-one leagues 
situated between the Mississippi and another river called the Karkadaid 
(Kaskaskias). In the five French villages are, perhaps, eleven hundred 
whites, three hundred blacks and some sixty red slaves or savages. The 
three Illinois towns do not contain more than eight hundred souls all 
Id. Most of the French till the soil; they raise wheat, cattle, pigs and 
horses, and live like princes. Three times as much is produced as can 
be consumed ; and great quantities of grain and flour are sent to New 
Orleans." This city was now the seaport town of the Northwest, and 
save in the extreme northern part, where only furs and copper ore were 
found, almost all the products of the country found their way to France 
by the mouth of the Father of Waters. In another letter, dated Novem- 
ber 7, 1750, this same priest says : " For fifteen leagues above the 
mouth of the Mississippi one sees no dwellings, the ground being too low 
to be habitable. Thence to New Orleans, the lands are only partially 
occupied. New Orleans contains black, Avhite and red, not more, I 
think, than twelve hundred persons. To this point come all lumber, 
bricks, salt-beef, tallow, tar, skins and bear's grease ; and above all, pork 
and flour from the Illinois. These things create some commerce, as forty 
vessels and more have come hither this year. Above New Orleans, 
plantations are again met with ; the mOst considerable is a colony of 
Germans, some ten leagues up the river. At Point Coupee, thirty -five 
leagues above the German settlement, is a fort. Along here, within five 
or six leagues, are not less than sixty habitations. Fifty leagues farther 
uj) is the Natchez post, where we have a garrison, who are kept prisoners 
through fear of the Chickasaws. Hero and at Point Coupee, they raise 
excellent tobacco. Another hundred leagues brings us to the Arkansas, 
where we have also a fort and a garrison for the benefit of tlie river 
traders. * * * From the Arkansas to the Illinois, nearly five hundred 
leagues, there is not a settlement. There should be, however, a fort at 
the Oubache (Ohio), the only path by which the English can reach the 
Mississippi. In the Illinois country are numberless mines, but no one to 



THE NOKTHWEST TERRITORY. 



31 



work them as they deserve." Father Marest, writing from the post at 
Vinceniiesin 1812, makes the same observation. Vivier also saj's : " Some 
individuals dig lead near the surface and supply the Indians and Canada. 
Two Spaniards now here, who claim to be adepts, say that our mines are 
like those of Mexico, and that if we would dig deeper, we should find 
silver under the lead ; and at any rate the lead is excellent. There is also 
iu this country, beyond doubt, copper ore, as from time to time large 
pieces are found in the streams." 




MOUTH OF THE MISSISSIPPI. 



At the close of the year 1750, the French occupied, in addition to the 
lower Mississippi posts and those in Illinois, one at Du Quesne, one at 
the Mauinee in the country of the Miamis, and one at Sandusky in what 
may be termed the Ohio Valley. In the northern part of the Northwest 
they had stations at St. Joseph's on the St. Joseph's of Lake Michigan, 
at Fort Ponchartrain (Detroit), at Michillimackanac or Massillimacanac, 
Fox River of Green Bay, and at Sault Ste. Marie. The fondest dreams of 
LaSalle were now fully realized. The French alone were possessors of 
this vast realm, basing their claim on discovery and settlement. Another 
nation, however, was now turning its attention to this extensive country, 



32 THE ^'ORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

and hearing of its wealth, began to lay plans for occupying it and for 
securing the great profits arising therefrom. 

The French, however, had another claim to this country, namely, the 



DISCOVERY OF THE OHIO. 

This " Beautiful" river was discovered by Robert Cavalier de La- 
Salle in 1669, four years before the discovery of the Mississippi by Joliet 
and Marquette, 

While LaSalle was at his trading post on the St. Lawrence, he found 
leisure to study nine Indian dialects, the chief of which was the Iroquois. 
He not only desired to facilitate his intercourse in trade, but he longed 
to travel and explore the unknown regions of the West. An incident 
soon occurred which decided him to fit out an exploring expedition. 

While conversing with some Senecas, he learned of a river called the 
Ohio, which rose in their country and flowed to the sea, but at such a 
distance that it required eight months to reach its mouth. In this state- 
ment the Mississippi and its tributaries were considered as one stream. 
LaSalle believing, as most of the French at that period did, that the great 
rivers flowing west emptied into the Sea of California, was anxious to 
embark in the enterprise of discovering a route across the continent to 
the commerce of China and Japan. 

He repaired at once to Quebec to obtain the approval of the Gov- 
ernor. His eloquent appeal prevailed. The Governor and the Intendaut, 
Talon, issued letters patent authorizing the enterprise, but made no pro- 
vision to defray the expenses. At this juncture the seminary of St. Sul- 
pice decided to send out missionaries in connection with the expedition, 
and LaSalle offering to sell his improvements at LaChine to raise money, 
the offer was accepted by the Superior, and two thousand eight hundred 
dollars were raised, with which LaSalle purchased four canoes and the 
necessary supplies for the outfit. 

On the 6th of July, 1669, the party, numbering twenty-four persons, 
embarked in seven canoes on the St. Lawrence ; two additional canoes 
carried the Indian guides. In three days they were gliding over the 
bosom of Lake Ontario. Their guides conducted them directly to the 
Seneca village on the bank of the Genesee, in the vicinity of the present 
City of Rochester, New York. Here they expected to procure guides to 
conduct them to the Ohio, but in this they were disappointed. 

The Indians seemed unfriendly to the enterprise. LaSalle suspected 
that the Jesuits had prejudiced their minds against his plans. After 
waiting a month in the hope of gaining their object, they met an Indian 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 



33 



from the Iroquois colony at the head of Lake Ontario, who assured them 
that they could there find guides, and offered to conduct them thence. 

On their way they passed the mouth of the Niagara River, when they 
heard for the first time the distant thunder of the cataract. Arriving 




lUGII BRIDGE, LAKE BLLTT, LAKE COUNTY, ILLINOIS. 



amono- the Iroquois, thev met with a friendly reception, and learned 
from a Shawanee prisoner that they could reach the Ohio m six weeks. 
Delic^hted with the unexpected good fortune, they made ready to resume 
their journey ; but just as they were about to start they heard of the 
arrival of two Frenchmen in a neighboring village. One of them proved 
to be Louis Joliet, afterwards famous as an explorer m the West. Ke 



34 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

had been sent by the Canadian Government to explore the copper mines 
on Lake Superior, but had failed, and was on his way back to Quebec. 
He gave the missionaries a map of the country he had explored in the 
lake region, together with an account of the condition of the Indians in 
that quarter. This induced the priests to determine on leaving the 
expedition and going to Lake Superior. LaSalle warned them that the 
Jesuits were probably occupying that field, and that they would meet 
with a cold reception. Nevertheless they persisted in their purpose, and 
after worship on the lake shore, parted from LaSalle. On arriving at 
Lake Superior, they found, as LaSalle had predicted, the Jesuit Fathers, 
Marquette and Dablon, occupying the field. 

These zealous disciples of Loyola informed them that they wanted 
no assistance from St. Sulpice, nor from those who made him their patron 
saint ; and thus repulsed, they returned to Montreal the following June 
without having made a single discovery or converted a single Indian. 

After parting with the priests, LaSalle went to the chief Iroquois 
village at Onondaga, where he obtained guides, and passing thence to a 
tributary of the Ohio south of Lake Erie, he descended the latter as far 
as the falls at Louisville. Thus was the Ohio discovered by LaSalle, the 
persevering and successful French explorer of the West, in 1669. 

The account of the latter part of his journey is found in an anony- 
mous paper, which purports to have been taken from the lips of LaSalle 
himself during a subsequent visit to Paris. In a letter written to Cgunt 
Frontenac in 1667, shortly after the discovery, he himself says that he 
discovered the Ohio and descended it to the falls. This was regarded as 
an indisputable fact by the French authorities, who claimed the Ohio 
Valley upon another ground. When Washington was sent by the colony 
of Virginia in 1753, to demand of Gordeur de St. Pierre why tlie French 
had built a fort on the Monongahela, the haughty commandant at Quebec 
replied : " We claim the country on the Ohio by virtue of the discoveries 
of LaSalle, and will not give it up to the English. Our orders are to 
make prisoners of every Englishman found trading in the Ohio Valley." 



ENGLISH EXPLORATIONS AND SETTLEMENTS. 

When the new year of 1750 broke in upon the Father of Waters 
and the Great Northwest, all was still wild save at the French posts 
already described. In 1749, when the English first began to think seri- 
ously about sending men into the West, the greater portion of the States 
of Indiana, Ohio, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota were yet 
under the dominion of the red men. The English knew, however, pretty 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 35 

conclusively of the nature of the wealth of these wilds. As early as 
1710, Governor Spotswood, of Virginia, had commenced movements to 
secure the country west of the Alleghenies to the English crown. In 
Pennsylvania, Governor Keith and James Logan, secretarj^ of the prov- 
ince, from 1719 to 1731, represented to the powers of England the neces- 
sity of securing the Western lands. Nothing was done, however, by that 
power save to take some diplomatic steps to secure the claims of Britain 
to this unexplored wilderness. 

England had from the outset claimed from the Atlantic to the Pacific, 
on the ground that the discovery of the seacoast and its possession was a 
discovery and possession of the country, and, as is well known, her grants 
to the colonies extended " from sea to sea." This was not all her claim. 
She had purchased from the Indian tribes large tracts of land. This lat- 
ter was also a strong argument. As early as 1684, Lord H oward. Gov- 
ernor of Virginia, held a treaty with the six nations. These were the 
great Northern Confederacy, and comprised at first the Mohawks, Onei- 
das, Onondagas, Cayugas, and Senecas. Afterward the Tuscaroras were 
taken into the confederacy, and it became known as the Six Nations. 
They came under the protection of the mother country, and again in 
1701, they repeated the agreement, and in September, 1726, a formal deed 
was drawn up and signed by the chiefs. The validity of this claim has 
often been disputed, but never successfully. In 1744, a purchase was 
made at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, of certain lands within the " Colony of 
Virginia," for which the Indians received ,£200 in gold and a like sum in 
goods, with a promise that, as settlements increased, more should be paid. 
The Commissioners from Virginia were Colonel Thomas Lee and Colonel 
William Beverly. As.settlements extended, the promise of more pay was 
called to mind, and Mr. Conrad Weiser was sent across the mountains with, 
presents to appease the savages. Col. Lee, and some Virginians accompa- 
nied him with the intention of sounding the Indians upon their feelings 
regarding the English. They were not satisfied with their treatment, 
and plainly told the Commissioners why. The English did not desire the 
cultivation of the country, but the monopoly of the Indian trade. In. 
1748, the Ohio Company was formed, and petitioned the king for a grant 
of land beyond the Alleghenies. This was granted, and the government 
of Virginia was ordered to grant to them a half million acres, two hun- 
dred thousand of which were to be located at once. Upon the 12th of 
June, 1749, 800,000 acres from the line of Canada north and west was 
made to the Loyal Company, and on the 29th of October, 1751, 100,000 
acres were given to the Greenbriar Company. All this time the French 
were not idle. They saw that, should the British gain a foothold in the 
West, especially upon the Ohio, they might not only prevent the French 



36 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

settling upon it, but in time would come to the lower posts and so gain 
possession of the whole country. Upon the 10th of May, 1774, Vaud- 
reuil, Governor of Canada and the French possessions, well knowing the 
consequences that must arise from allowing the English to build trading 
posts in the Northwest, seized some of their frontier posts, and to further 
secure the claim of the French to the West, he, in 1749, sent Louis Cel- 
eron with a party of soldiers to plant along the Ohio River, in the mounds 
and at the mouths of its principal tributaries, plates of lead, on which 
were inscribed the claims of France. These were heard of in 1752, and 
within the memory of residents now living along the " Oyo," as the 
beautiful river was called by the French. One of these plates was found 
with the inscription partly defaced. It bears date August 16, 1749, and 
a copy of the inscription with particular account of the discovery of the 
plate, was sent by DeWitt Clinton to the American Antiquarian Society, 
among whose journals it may now be found.* These measures did not, 
however, deter the English from going on with their explorations, and 
though neither party resorted to arms, yet the conflict was gathering, and 
it was only a question of time when the storm would burst upon the 
frontier settlements. In 1750, Christopher Gist was sent by the Ohio 
Company to examine its lands. He went to a village of the Twigtwees, 
on the Miami, about one hundred and fifty miles above its mouth. He 
afterward spoke of it as very populous. From there he went down 
the Ohio River nearly to the falls at the present City of Louisville, 
and in November he commenced a survey of the Company's lands. Dur- 
ing the Winter, General Andrew Lewis performed a similar work for the 
Greenbriar Company. Meanwhile the French were busy in preparing 
their forts for defense, and in opening roads, and also sent a small party 
of soldiers to keep the Ohio clear. This party, having heard of the Eng- 
lish post on the Miami River, early in 1652, assisted by the Ottawas and 
Chippewas, attacked it, and, after a severe battle, in which fourteen of 
the natives were killed and others wounded, captured the garrison. 
(They were probably garrisoned in a block house). The traders were 
carried away to Canada, and one account says several were burned. This 
fort or post was called by the English Pickawillany. A memorial of the 
king's ministers refers to it as " Pickawillanes, in the center of the terri- 
tory between the Ohio and the Wabash. The name is probably some 
variation of Pickaway or Picqua in 1773, written by Rev. David Jones 
Pickaweke." • 

* The following is a translation of the inscription on the plate: "In the year 1749. reign of Louis XV., 
King of France, we, Celeron, commandant of a detachment by Monsieur the Marquis of Gallisoniere, com- 
mander-in-chief of New France, to establish tranquility in certain Indian villages of these cantons, have 
buried this plate at the confluence of the Toradakoin, this twenty-ninth of July, near the river Ohio, otherwise 
Beautiful Rivw, as a monument of renewal of possession which we have taken of the said river, and^all its 
tributaries; inasmuch as the preceding Kings of France have enjoyed it, and maiutaiiied it by tUeir arms and 
treaties; especially by those of Ryswick, Utrecht, and Aix La Cliapelle." 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITOEY. 37 

This was the first blood shed between the French and English, and 
occurred near the present City of Piqua, Ohio, or at least at a point about 
forty-seven miles north of Dayton. Each nation became now more inter- 
ested in the progress of events in the Northwest. The English deter- 
mined to purchase from the Indians a title to the lands they wished to 
occupy, and Messrs. Fry (afterward Commander-in-chief over Washing- 
ton at the commencement of the French War of 1775-1763), Lomax and 
Patton were sent in the Spring of 1752 to hold a conference with the 
natives at Logstown to learn what they objected to in the treaty of Lan- 
caster already noticed, and to settle all difficulties. On the 9th of June, 
these Commissioners met the red men at LogstoAvn, a little village on the 
north bank of the Ohio, about seventeen miles below the site of Pitts- 
burgh. Here had been a trading point for many years, but it was aban- 
doned by the Indians in 1750. At first the Indians declined to recognize 
the treaty of Lancaster, but, the Commissioners taking aside Montour, 
the interpreter, who was a son of the famous Catharine Montour, and a 
chief among the six nations, induced him to use his infxuence in their 
favor. This he did, and upon the 13th of June they all united in signing 
a deed, confirming the Lancaster treaty in its full extent, consenting to a 
settlement of the southeast of the Ohio, and guaranteeing that it should 
not be disturbed by them. These were the means used to obtain the first 
treaty with the Indians in the Ohio Valley, 

Meanwhile the powers beyond the sea were trying to out-manoeuvre 
each other, and were professing to be at peace. The English generally 
outwitted the Indians, and failed in many instances to fulfill their con- 
tracts. They thereby gained the ill-will of the red men, and further 
increased the feeling by failing to provide them with arms and ammuni- 
tion. Said an old chief, at Easton, in 1758: " The Indians on the Ohio 
left you because of your own fault. When we heard the French were 
coming, we asked you for help and arms, but we did not get them. The 
French came, they treated us kindly, and gained our atfections. The 
Governor of Virginia settled on our lands for his own benefit, and, when 
we wanted help, forsook us." 

At the beginning of 1653, the English thought they had secured by 
title the lands in the West, but the French had quietly gathered cannon 
and military stores to be in readiness for the expected blow. The Eng- 
lish made other attempts to ratify these existing treaties, but not until 
the Summer could the Indians be gathered together to discuss the plans 
of the French. The}^ had sent messages to the French, warning them 
away ; but they replied that they intended to complete the chain of forts 
already begun, and would not abandon the field. 

Soon after this, no satisfaction being obtained from the Ohio regard- 



38 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

:ing the positions and j)urposes of the French, Governor Dhiwiddie of 
Virginia determined to send to them another messenger and learn from 
them, if possible, their intentions. For this purpose he selected a young 
•man, a surveyor, who, at the early age of nineteen, had received the rank 
of major, and who was thoroughly posted regarding frontier life. This 
personage was no other than the illustrious George Washington, who then 
lield considerable interest in Western lauds. He was at this time just 
twenty-two years of age. Taking Gist as his guide, the two, accompanied 
l)y four servitors, set out on their perilous march. They left Will's 
Creek on the 10th of November, 1753, and on the 22d reached the M(^ion- 
gahela, about ten miles above the fork. From there they went to 
XfOgstown, where Washington had a long conference with the chiefs of 
the Six Nations. From them he learned the condition of the French, and 
also heard of their determination not to come down the river till the fol- 
lowing Spring. The Indians were non-committal, as they were afraid to 
turn either way, and, as far as they could, desired to remain neutral. 
Washington, finding nothing could be done with them, went on to 
Venango, an old Indian town at the mouth of French Creek. Here the 
French had a fort, called Fort Machault. Through the rum and flattery 
of the French, he nearly lost all his Indian followers. Finding nothing 
of importance here, he pursued his way amid great privations, and on the 
11th of December reached the fort at the head of French Creek. Here 
he delivered Governor Dinwiddle's letter, received his answer, took his 
■observations, and on the 16th set out upon his return journey with no one 
but Gist, his guide, and a few Indians who still remained true to him, 
iiotwithstanding the endeavors of the French to retain them. Their 
homeward journey was one of great peril and suffering from the cold, yet 
they reached home in safety on the 6tli of January, 1754. 

From the letter of St. Pierre, commander of the French fort, sent by 
Washington to Governor Dinwiddle, it was learned that the French would 
not give up without a struggle. Active preparations were at once made 
in all the English colonies for the coming conflict, while the French 
finished the fort at Venango and strengthened their lines of fortifications, 
^nd gathered their forces to be in readiness. 

The Old Dominion was all alive. Virginia was the center of great 
activities ; volunteers were called for, and from all the neighboring 
-colonies men rallied to the conflict, and everywhere along the Potomac 
men were enlisting under the Governor's proclamation — which promised 
two hundred thousand acres on the Ohio. Along this river they were 
•gathering as far as Will's Creek, and far beyond this point, whither Trent 
had come for assistance for his little band of forty-one men, who were 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 39 

working away in hunger and want, to fortify that point at the fork of 
the Ohio, to which both parties were looking with deep interest. 

" The first birds of Spring filled the air with their song ; the swift 
river rolled l)y the Allegheny hillsides, swollen by the melting snows of 
Spring and the April showers. The leaves were appearing ; a few Indian 
scouts were seen, but no enemy seemed near at hand ; and all was so quiet, 
that Frazier, an old Indian scout and trader, who had been left by Trent 
in command, ventured to his home at the mouth of Turtle Creek, ten 
miles up the Monongahela. But, though all was so quiet in that wilder- 
ness, keen eyes had seen the low intrenchment rising at the fork, and 
swift feet had borne the news of it up the river ; and upon the morning 
of the 17th of April, Ensign Ward, who then had charge of it, saw 
upon the Allegheny a sight that made his heart sink — sixty batteaux and 
three hundred canoes filled with men, and laden deep with cannon and 
stores. * * * That evening he supped with his captor, ContreccEur, 
and the next day he was bowed off by the Frenchman, and with his men. 
and tools, marched up the Monongahela." 

The French and Indian war had begun. The treaty of Aix la 
Chapellc, in 1748, had left the boundaries between the French and 
English possessions unsettled, and the events already narrated show the 
French were determined to hold the country watered by the Mississippi 
and its tributaries ; while the English laid claims to the country by virtue: 
of the discoveries of the Cabots, and claimed all the country from New- 
foundland to Florida, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Tha 
first decisive blow had now been struck, and the first attempt of the. 
English, through the Ohio Company, to occupy these lands, had resulted 
disastrously to them. The French and Indians immediately completed 
the fortifications begun at the Fork, which they had so easily captured,, 
and when completed gave to the fort the name of DuQuesne. Washing- 
ton was at Will's Creek when the news of the capture of the fort arrived^ 
He at once departed to recapture it. On his way he entrenched him- 
self at a place called the " Meadows," where he erected a fort called 
by him Fort Necessity. From there he surprised and captured a force of 
French and Indians marching against him, but was soon after attacked 
in his fort by a much superior force, and was obliged to yield on the 
morning of July 4th. He was allowed to return to Virginia. 

The English Government immediately planned four campaigns ; one 
against Fort DuQuesne ; one against Nova Scotia ; one against Fort 
Niagara, and one against Crown Point. These occurred during 1755-6, 
and were not successful in driving the French from their possessions. 
The expedition against Fort DuQuesne was led by the famous General 
Braddock, who, refusing to listen to the advice of Washington and those 



40 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

acquainted with Indian warfare, suffered such an inglorious defeat. This 
occurred on the morning of July 9th, and is generally known as the battle 
of Monongahela, or '^ Braddock's Defeat." The war continued with 
various vicissitudes through the years 1756-7 ; when, at the commence- 
ment of 1758, in accordance with the plans of William Pitt, then Secre- 
tary of State, afterwards Lord Chatham, active preparations were made to 
carry on the war. Three expeditions were planned for this year : one, 
under General Amherst, against Louisburg ; another, under Abercrombie, 
against Fort Ticonderoga ; and a third, under General Forbes, against 
Fort DuQuesne. On the 26th of July, Louisburg surrendered after a 
desperate resistance of more than forty days, and the eastern part of the 
Canadian possessions fell into the hands of the British. Abercrombie 
captured Fort Frontenac, and when the expedition against Fort DuQuesne, 
of which Washington had the active command, arrived there, it was 
found in flames and deserted. The English at once took possession, 
rebuilt the fort, and in honor of their illustrious statesman, changed the 
name to Fort Pitt. 

The great object of the campaign of 1759, was the reduction of 
Canada. General Wolfe was to lay siege to Quebec ; Amherst was to 
reduce Ticonderoga and Crown Point, and General Prideaux was to 
capture Niagara. This latter place was taken in July, but the gallant 
Prideaux lost his life in the attempt. Amherst captured Ticonderoga 
and Crown Point without a blow ; and Wolfe, after making the memor- 
able ascent to the Plains of Abraham, on September 13th, defeated 
Montcalm, and on the 18th, the city capitulated. In this engagement 
Montcolm and Wolfe both lost their lives. De Levi, Montcalm's successor, 
marched to Sillery, three miles above the city, with the purpose of 
defeating the English, and there, on the 28tli of the following April, was 
fought one of the bloodiest battles of the French and Indian War. It 
resulted in the defeat of the French, and the fall of the City of Montreal. 
The Governor signed a capitulation by which the whole of Canada was 
surrendered to the English. This practically concluded the war, but it 
was not until 1763 that the treaties of peace between France and England 
were signed. This was done on the 10th of February of that year, and 
under its provisions all the country east of the Mississippi and north of 
the Iberville River, in Louisiana, were ceded to England. At the same 
time Spain ceded Florida to Great Britain. 

On the 13th of September, 1760, Major Robert Rogers was sent 
from Montreal to take charge of Detroit, the only remaining French post 
in the territory. He arrived there on the 19th of November, and sum- 
moned the place to surrender. At first the commander of the post, 
Beletre, refused, but on the 20tli, hearing of the continued defeat of the 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 41 

French arms, surrendered. Rogers remained there until December 23d 
under the personal protection of the celebrated chief, Pontiac, to whom, 
no doubt, he owed his safety. Pontiac had come here to inquire the 
purposes of the English in taking possession of the country. He was 
assured that they came simply to trade with the natives, and did not 
desire their country. This answer conciliated the savages, and did much 
to insure the safety of Rogers and his party during their stay, and while 
on their journey home. 

Rogers set out for Fort Pitt on December 23, and was just one 
month on the way. His route was from Detroit to Mauraee, thence 
across the present State of Ohio directly to the fort. This was the com- 
mon trail of the Indians in their journeys from Sandusky to the fork of 
the Ohio. It went from Fort Sandusky, where Sandusky City now is, 
crossed the Huron river, then called Bald Eagle Creek, to " Mohickon 
John's Town " on Mohickon Creek, the northern branch of White 
Woman's River, and thence crossed to Beaver's Town, a Delaware town 
on what is now Sandy Creek. At Beaver's Town were probably one 
hundred and fifty warriors, and not less than three thousand acres of 
cleared land. From there the track went up Sandy Creek to and across 
Big Beaver, and up the Ohio to Logstown, thence on to the fork. 

The Northwest Territory was now entirely under the English rule. 
New settlements began to be rapidly made, and the promise of a large 
trade was speedily manifested. Had the British carried out their promises 
with the natives none of those savage butcheries would have been perpe- 
trated, and the country would have been spared their recital. 

The renowned chief, Pontiac, was one of the leading spirits in these 
atrocities. We will now pause in our narrative, and notice the leading 
events in his life. The earliest authentic information regarding this 
noted Indian chief is learned from an account of an Indian trader named 
Alexander Henry, who, in the Spring of 1761, penetrated his domains as 
far as Missillimacnac. Pontiac was then a great friend of the French, 
but a bitter foe of the English, whom he considered as encroaching on his 
hunting grounds. Henry was obliged to disguise himself as a Canadian 
to insure safety, but was discovered by Pontiac, who bitterly reproached 
him and the English for their attempted subjugation of the West. He 
declared that no treaty had been made with them ; no presents sent 
them, and that he would resent any possession of the West by that nation. 
He was at the time about fifty years of age, tall and dignified, and was 
civil and military ruler of the Ottawas, Ojibwas and Pottawatamies. 

The Indians, from Lake Michigan to the borders of North Carolina, 
were united iu this feeling, and at the time of the treaty of Paris, ratified 
February 10, 1763, a general conspiracy was formed to fall suddenly 



42 



THE NOKTHWEST TERRITOEI. 




PONTIAC, THE OTTAWA CHIEFTAIN. 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 43 

upon the frontier British posts, and with one blow strike every man dead. 
Pontiac was the marked leader in all this, and was the commander 
of the Chippewas, Ottawas, Wyandots, Miamis, Shawanese, Delawares 
and Mingoes, who had, for the time, '1 aid aside their local quarrels to unita 
in this enterprise. 

The blow came, as near as can now be ascertained, on May 7, 176?!, 
Nine British posts fell, and the Indians drank, " scooped up in the hollow 
of joined hands," the blood of many a Briton. 

Pontiac's immediate field of action was the garrison at Detroit. 
Here, however, the plans were frustrated by an Indian woman disclosing 
the plot the evening previous to his arrival. Everything was carried out, 
however, according to Pontiac's plans until the moment of action, when 
Major Gladwyn, the commander of the post, stepping to one of the Indian 
chiefs, suddenly drew aside his blanket and disclosed the concealed 
musket. Pontiac, though a brave man, turned pale and trembled. He 
saw his plan was known, and that the garrison were prepared. He 
endeavored to exculpate himself from any such intentions ; but the guilt 
was evident, and he and his followers were dismissed with a severe 
reprimand, and warned never to again enter the walls of the post. 

Pontiac at once laid siege to the fort, and until the treaty of peace 
between the British and the Western Indians, concluded in August, 1764, 
continued to harass and besiege the fortress. He organized a regular 
commissariat department, issued bills of credit written out on bark, 
which, to his credit, it may be stated, were punctually redeemed. At 
the conclusion of the treaty, in which it seems he took no part, he went 
further south, living many yeass among the Illinois. 

He had given up all hope of saving his country and race. After a 
time he endeavored to unite the Illinois tribe and those about St. Louis 
in a war with the whites. His efforts were fruitless, and only ended in a 
quarrel between himself and some Kaskaskia Indians, one of whom soon 
afterwards killed him. His death was, however, avenged by the northern 
Indians, who nearly exterminated the Illinois in the wars which followed. 

Had it not been for the treachery of a few of his followers, his plan 
for the extermination of the whites, a masterly one, would undoubtedly 
have been carried out. 

It was in the Spring of the year following Rogers' visit that Alex- 
ander Henry went to Missillimacnac, and everywhere found the strongest 
feelings against the English, who had not carried out their promises, and 
were doing nothing to conciliate the natives. Here he met the chief, 
Pontiac, who, after conveying to him in a speech the idea that their 
French father would awake soon and utterly destroy his enemies, said : 
" Englishman, although you have conquered the French, you have not 



44 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

yet conquered us ! We are not your slaves ! These lakes, these woods, 
these mountains, were left us by our ancestors. They are our inheritance, 
and we will part with them to none. Your nation supposes that we, like 
the white people, can not live without bread and pork and beef. But you 
ought to know that He, the Great Spirit and Master of Life, has provided 
food for us upon these broad lakes and in these mountains." 

He then spoke of the fact that no treaty had been made with them, 
no presents sent them, and that he and his people were yet for war. 
Such were the feelings of the Northwestern Indians immediately after 
the English took possession of their country. These feelings were no 
doubt encouraged by the Canadians and French, who hoped that yet the 
French arms might prevail. The treaty of Paris, however, gave to the 
English the right to this vast domain, and active preparations were going 
on to occupy it and enjoy its trade and emoluments. 

In 1762, France, by a secret treaty, ceded Louisiana to Spain, to pre- 
vent it falling into the hands of the English, who were becoming masters 
of the entire West. The next year the treaty of Paris, signed at Fon- 
tainbleau, gave to the English the domain of the country in question. 
Twenty years after, by the treaty of peace between the United States 
and England, that part of Canada lying south and west of the Great 
Lakes, comprehending a large territory which is the subject of these 
sketches, was acknowledged to be a portion of the United States ; and 
twenty years still later, in 1803, Louisiana was ceded by Spain back to 
France, and by France sold to the United States. 

In the half century, from the building of the Fort of Crevecoeur by 
LaSalle, in 1680, up to the erection of Fort Chartres, many French set- 
tlements had been made in that quarter. These have already been 
noticed, being those at St. Vincent (Vincennes), Kohokia or Cahokia, 
Kaskaskia and Prairie du Rocher, on the American Bottom, a large tract 
of rich alluvial soil in Illinois, on the Mississippi, opposite the site of St. 
Louis. 

By the treaty of Paris, the regions east of the Mississippi, including 
all these and other towns of the Northwest, were given over to England; 
but they do not appear to have been taken possession of until 1765, when 
Captain Stirling, in the name of the Majesty of England, established him- 
self at Fort Chartres bearing with him the proclaraa.tion of General Gage, 
dated December 30, 1764, which promised religious freedom to all Cath- 
olics who worshiped here, and a right to leave the country with their 
effects if they wished, or to remain with the privileges of Englishmen. 
It was shortly after the occupancy of the West by the British that the 
war with Pontiac opened. It is already noticed in the sketch of that 
chieftain. By it many a Briton lost his life, and many a frontier settle- 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 45 

ment in its infancy ceased to exist. This was not ended until the year 
17G4, when, failing to capture Detroit, Niagara and Fort Pitt, his confed- 
eracy became disheartened, and, receiving no aid from the French, Pon- 
tiac abandoned the enterprise and departed to the Illinois, among whom 
he afterward lost liis life. 

As soon as these difficulties were definitely settled, settlers began 
rapidly to survey the country and prepare for occupation. During the 
year 1770, a number of persons from Virginia and other British provinces 
explored and marked out nearly all tlie valuable lands on the Mononga- 
hela and along the banks of the Ohio as far as the Little Kanawha. This 
was followed by another exploring expedition, in which George Washing- 
ton was a party. The latter, accompanied by Dr. Craik, Capt. Crawford 
and others, on the 20th of October, 1770, descended the Ohio from Pitts- 
burgh to the mouth of the Kanawha ; ascended that stream about fourteen 
miles, marked out several large tracts of land, shot several buffalo, which 
were then abundant in the Ohio Valley, and returned to the fort. 

Pittsburgh was at this time a trading post, about which was clus- 
tered a village of some twenty houses, inhabited by Indian traders. This 
same year, Capt. Pittman visited Kaskaskia and its neighboring villages. 
He found there about sixty-five resident families, and at Cahokia only 
forty-five dwellings. At Fort Chartres was another small settlement, and 
at Detroit the garrison were quite prosperous and strong. For a year 
or two settlers continued to locate near some of these posts, generally 
Fort Pitt or Detroit, owing to the fears of the Indians, who still main- 
tained some feelings of hatred to the English. The trade from the posts 
was quite good, and from those in Illinois large quantities of pork and 
flour found their way to the New Orleans market. At this time the 
policy of the British Government was strongly opposed to the extension 
of the colonies west. In 1763, the King of England forbade, by royal 
proclamation, his colonial subjects from making a settlement beyond the 
sources of the rivers which fall into the Atlantic Ocean. At the instance 
of the Board of Trade, measures were taken to prevent the settlement 
without the limits prescribed, and to retain the commerce within easy 
reach of Great Britain. 

The commander-in-chief of the king's forces wrote in 17G9 : " In the 
course of a few years necessity will compel the colonists, should they 
extend their settlements west, to provide manufactures of some kind for 
themselves, and when all connection upheld by commerce with the mother 
country ceases, an independency in their government will soon follow." 

In accordance with this policy, Gov. Gage issued a proclamation 
in 1772, commanding the inhabitants of Vincennes to abandon their set- 
tlements and join some of the Eastern English colonies. To this they 



46 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

strenuously objected, giving good reasons therefor, and were allowed to 
remain. The strong opposition to this policy of Great Britain led to its 
change, and to such a course as to gain the attachment of the French 
population. In December, 1773, influential citizens of Quebec petitioned 
the king for an extension of the boundary lines of that province, which 
Avas granted, and Parliament passed an act on June 2, 1774, extend- 
ing the boundary so as to include the territory lying within the present 
States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Michigan. 

In consequence of the liberal policy pursued by the British Govern- 
ment toward the French settlers in the West, they were disposed to favor 
that nation in the war which soon followed with the colonies ; but the 
early alliance between France and America soon brought them to the side 
of the war for independence. 

In 1774, Gov. Dunmore, of Virginia, began to encourage emigration 
to the Western lands. He appointed magistrates at Fort Pitt under the 
pretense that the fort was under the government of that commonwealth. 
One of these justices, John Connelly, who possessed a tract of land in the 
Ohio Valley, gathered a force of men and garrisoned the fort, calling it 
Fort Dunmore. This and other parties were formed to select sites for 
settlements, and often ca:ne in conflict with the Indians, who yet claimed 
portions of the valley, and several battles followed. These ended in the 
famous battle of Kanawha in July, where the Indians were defeated and 
driven across the Ohio. 

During the years 1775 and 1776, by the operations of land companies 
and the perseveranceof individuals, several settlements were firmly estab- 
lished between ths Alleghanies and the Ohio River, and western land 
speculators were busy in Illinois and on the Wabash. At a council held 
in Kaskaskia on July 5, 1773, an association of English traders, calling 
themselves the " Illinois Land Company," obtained from ten chiefs of the 
Kaskaskia, Cahokia and Peoria tribes two large tracts of land lying on 
the east side of the Mississippi River south of the Illinois. In 1775, a mer- 
chant from the Illinois Country, named Viviat, came to Post Vincennes 
as the agent of the association called the " Wabash Land Company." On 
the 8th of October he obtained from eleven Piankeshaw chiefs, a deed for 
87,497,600 acres of land. This deed was signed by the grantors, attested 
by a number of the inhabitants of Vincennes, and afterward recorded in 
the office of a notary public at Kaskaskia. This and other land com- 
panies had extensive schemes for the colonization of the West ; but all 
were frustrated by the breaking out of the Revolution. On the 20th ot 
April, 17S0, the two companies named consolidated under the name of the 
" United Illinois and Wabash Land Company." They afterward made 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 47 

strenuous efforts to have these grants sanctioned by Congress, but all 
signally failed. 

When the War of the Revolution commenced, Kentucky was an unor- 
ganized country, though there were several settlements within her borders. 

In Hutchins' Topography of Virginia, it is stated that at that time 
" Kaskaskia contained 80 houses, and nearly 1,000 white and black in- 
habitants — the whites being a little the more numerous. Cahokia con- 
tains 50 houses and 300 white inhabitants, and 80 negroes. There were 
east of the Mississippi River, about the year 1771 " — when these observa- 
tions were made — " 300 white men capable of bearing arms, and 230 
negroes." 

From 1775 until the expedition of Clark, nothing is recorded and 
nothing known of these settlements, save what is contained in a report 
made by a committee to Congress in June, 1778. From it the following 
extract is made : 

" Near the mouth of the River Kaskaskia, there is a village which 
appears to have contained nearly eighty families from the beginning of 
the late revolution. There are twelve families in a small village at la 
Prairie du Rochers, and near fifty families at the Kahokia Village. There 
are also four or five families at Fort Chartres and St. Philips, which is five 
miles further up the river." 

St. Louis had been settled in February, 1764, and at this time con- 
tained, including its neighboring towns, over six hundred whites and one 
hundred and fifty negroes. It must be remembered that all the country 
west of the Mississippi was now under French rule, and remained so until 
ceded again to Spain, its original owner, who afterwards sold it and the 
country including New Orleans to the United States. At Detroit there 
were, according to Capt. Carver, who was in the Northwest from 1766 to 
1768, more than one hundred houses, and the river was settled for more 
than twenty miles, although poorly cultivated — the people being engaged 
in the Indian trade. This old .town has a history, which we will here 
relate. 

It is the oldest town in the Northwest, having been founded by 
Antoine de Lamotte Cadillac, in 1701. It was laid out in the form of an 
oblong square, of two acres in length, and an acre and a half in width. 
As described by A. D. Frazer, who first visited it and became a permanent 
resident of the place, in 1778, it comprised within its limits that space 
between Mr. Palmer's store (Conant Block) and Capt. Perkins' house 
(near the Arsenal building), and extended back as far as the public barn, 
and was bordered in front by the Detroit River. It was surrounded by 
oak and cedar pickets, about fifteen feet long, set in the ground, and had 
four gates — east, west, jaorth and south. Over the first thi-ee of these 



48 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

gates were block houses provided with four guns apiece, each a six- 
pounder. Two six-gun batteries were planted fronting the river and in a 
parallel direction with the block houses. There were four streets running 
east and west, the main street being twenty feet wide and the rest fifteen 
feet, while the four streets crossing these at right angles were from ten 
to fifteen feet in width. 

At the date spoken of by Mr. Frazer, there was no fort within the 
enclosure, but a citadel on the ground corresponding to the present 
northwest corner of Jefferson Avenue and Wayne Street. The citadel was 
inclosed by pickets, and within it were erected barracks of wood, two 
stories high, suflBcient to contain ten officers, and also barracks sufficient 
to contain four hundred men, and a provision store built of brick. The 
citadel also contained a hospital and guard-house. The old town of 
Detroit, in 1778, contained about sixty houses, most of them one story, 
with a few a story and a half in height. They were all of logs, some 
hewn and some round. There was one building of splendid appearance, 
called the " King's Palace," two stories high, which stood near the east 
gate. It was built for Governor Hamilton, the first governor commissioned 
by the British. There were two guard-houses, one near the west gate and 
the other near the Government House. Each of the guards consisted of 
twenty-four men and a subaltern, who mounted regularly every morning 
between nine and ten o'clock. Each furnished four sentinels, who were 
relieved every two hours. There was also an officer of the day, who pjr- 
formed strict duty. Each of the gates was shut regularly at sunset, 
even wicket gates were shut at nine o'clock, and all the keys were 
delivered into the hands of the commanding officer. They were opened 
in the morning at sunrise. No Indian or squaw was permitted to enter 
town with any weapon, such as a tomahawk or a knife. It was a stand- 
ing order that the Indians should deliver their arms and instruments of 
every kind before they were permitted to pass the sentinel, and they were 
restored to them on their return. No more than twenty-five Indians were 
allowed to enter the town at any one time, and they were admitted only 
at the east and west gates. At sundown the drums beat, and all the 
Indians were required to leave town instantly. There was a council house 
near the water side for the purpose of holding council with the Indians. 
The population of the town was about sixty families, in all about two 
hundred males and one hundred females. This town was destroyed by 
fire, all except one dwelling, in 1805. After which the present " new " 
town was laid out. 

On the breaking out of the Revolution, the British held every post of 
importance in the West. Kentucky was formed as a component part of 
Virginia, and the sturdy pioneers of the West, alive to their interests. 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 4D 

and recognizing the great benefits of obtaining the control of the trade in 
this part of the New World, held steadily to their purposes, and those 
within the commonwealth of Kentucky proceeded to exercise their 
civil privileges, by electing John Todd and Richard Gallaway^ 
burgesses to represent them in the Assembly of the parent state. 
Early in September of that year (1777) the first court was held 
in Harrodsburg, and Col. Bowman, afterwards major, who had arrived 
in August, was made the commander of a militia organization which 
had been commenced the March previous. Thus the tree of loyalty 
was growing. The chief spirit in this far-out colony, who had represented 
her the year previous east of the mountains, was now meditating a move 
unequaled in its boldness. He had been watching the movements of the 
British throughout the Northwest, and understood their whole plan. He 
saw it was through their possession of the posts at Detroit, Vincennes, 
Kaskaskia, and other places, which would give them constant and easy 
access to the various Indian tribes in the Northwest, that the British 
intended to penetrate the country from the north and soucn, ana annihi- 
late the frontier fortresses. This moving, energetic man was Colonel, 
afterwards General, George Rogers Clark. He knew the Indians were not 
unanimously in accord with the English, and he was convinced that, could 
the British be defeated and expelled from the Northwest, the natives 
might be easily awed into neutrality ; and by spies sent for the purpose, 
he satisfied himself that the enterprise against the Illinois settlements 
might easily succeed. Having convinced himself of the certainty of the 
project, he repaired to the Capital of Virginia, which place he reached on 
November 5th. While he was on his way, fortunately, on October 17th, 
Burgoyne had been defeated, and the spirits of the colonists greatly 
encouraged thereby. Patrick Henry was Governor of Virginia, and at 
once entered heartily into Clark's plans. The same plan had before been 
agitated in the Colonial Assemblies, but there was no one until Clark 
came who was sufficiently acquainted with the condition of affairs at the 
scene of action to be able to guide them. 

Clark, having satisfied the Vii"ginia leaders of the feasibility of his 
plan, received, on the 2d of January, two sets of instructions — one secret, 
the other open — the latter authorized him to proceed to enlist seven 
companies to go to Kentucky, subject to his orders, and to serve three 
months from their arrival in the West. The secret order authorized him 
to arm these troops, to procure his powder and lead of General Hand 
at Pittsburgh, and to proceed at once to subjugate the country. 

With these instructions Clark repaired to Pittsburgh, choosing rather 
to raise his men west of the mountains, as he well knew all were needed 
in the colonies in the conflict there. He sent Col. W. B. Smith to Hoi- 



50 THE NOBTHWEST TERRITOIIY. 

stou for the same purpose, but neither succeeded in raising the required 
number of men. The settlers in tliese parts were afraid to leave their 
own firesides exposed to a vigilant foe, and but few could be induced to 
join the proposed expedition. With three companies and several private 
volunteers, Clark at length commenced his descent of the Ohio, which he 
navigated as far as the Falls, where he took possession of and fortified 
Corn Island, a small island between the present Cities of Louisville, 
Kentucky, and New Albany, Indiana. Remains of this fortification may 
yet be found. At this place he appointed Col. Bowman to meet him 
with such recruits as had reached Kentucky by the southern route, and 
as many as could be spared from the station. Here he announced to 
the men their real destination. Having completed his arrangements, 
and chosen his party, he left a small garrison upon the island, and on the 
24th of June, during a total eclipse of the sun, which to them augured 
no good, and which fixes beyond dispute the date of starting, he with 
his chosen band, fell down the river. His plan was to go by water as 
far as Fort Massac or Massacre, and thence march direct to Kaskaskia. 
Here he intended to surprise the garrison, and after its capture go to 
Cahokia, then to Vincennes, and lastly to Detroit. Should he fail, he 
intended to march directly to the Mississippi River and cross it into the 
Spanish country. Before his start he received two good items of infor- 
mation : one that the alliance had been formed between France and the 
United States ; and the other that the Indians throughout the Illinois 
country and the inhabitants, at the various frontier posts, had been led to 
believe by the British that the " Long Knives" or Virginians, were the 
most fierce, bloodthirsty and cruel savages that ever scalped a foe. With 
this impression on their minds, Clark saw that proper management would 
cause them to submit at once from fear, if surprised, and then from grati- 
tude would become friendly if treated with unexpected leniency. 

The march to Kaskaskia was accomplished through a hot July sun, 
and the town reached on the evening of July 4. He captured the fort 
near the village, and soon after the village itself by surprise, and without 
the loss of a single man or by killing any of the enemy. After sufficiently 
working upon the fears of the natives, Clark told them they were at per- 
fect liberty to worship as they pleased, and to take whichever side of the 
great conflict they would, also he would protect them from any barbarity 
from British or Indian foe. This had the desired effect, and the inhab- 
itants, so unexpectedly and so gratefully surprised by the unlooked 
for turn of affairs, at once swore allegiance to the American arms, and 
when Clark desired to go to Cahokia on the 6th of July, they accom- 
panied him, and through their influence the inhabitants of the place 
surrendered, and gladly placed themselves under his protection. Thus 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. ol 

the two important posts in Illinois passed from the hands of the English 
into the possession^ of Virginia. 

In the person of the priest at Kaskaskia, M. Gibault, Clark found a 
powerful ally and generous friend. Clark saw that, to retain possession 
of the Northwest and treat successfully with the Indians within its boun- 
daries, he must establish a government for the colonies he had taken. 
St. Vincent, the next important post to Detroit, remained yet to be taken 
before the Mississippi Valley was conquered. M. Gibault told him that 
he would alone, by persuasion, lead Vincennes to throw off its connection 
with England. Clark gladly accepted his offer, and on the 14th of July, 
in company with a fellow-townsman, M. Gibault started on his mission of 
peace, and on the 1st of August returned with the cheerful intelligence 
that the post on the " Oubache " had taken the oath of allegiance to 
the Old Dominion. During this interval, Clark established his courts, 
placed garrisons at Kaskaskia and Cahokia, successfully re-enlisted his 
men, sent word to have a fort, which proved the germ of Louisville, 
erected at the Falls of the Ohio, and dispatched Mr. Rocheblave, who 
had been commander at Kaskaskia, as a prisoner of war to Richmond. 
In October the County of Illinois was established by the Legislature 
of Virginia, John Todd appointed Lieutenant Colonel and Civil Governor, 
and in November General Clark and his men received the thanks of 
the Old Dominion through their Legislature. 

In a speech a few days afterward, Clark made known fully to the 
natives his plans, and at its close all came forward and swore alle- 
giance to the Long Knives. While he was doing this Governor Hamilton, 
having made his various arrangements, had left Detroit and moved down 
the Wabash to Vincennes intending to operate from that point in reducing 
the Illinois posts, and then proceed on down to Kentucky and drive the 
rebels from the West. Gen. Clark had, on the return of M. Gibault, 
dispatched Captain Helm, of Fauquier County, Virginia, with an attend- 
ant named Henry, across the Illinois prairies to command the fort. 
Hamilton knew nothing of the capitulation of the post, and was greatly 
surprised on his arrival to be confronted by Capt. Helm, who, standing at 
the entrance of the fort by a loaded cannon ready to fire upon his assail- 
ants, demanded upon what terms Hamilton demanded possession of tha 
fort. Being granted the rights of a prisoner of war, he surrendered to 
the British General, who could scarcely believe his eyes when he saw the 
force in the garrison. 

Hamilton, not realizing the character of the men with whom he was 
contending, gave up his intended campaign for the Winter, sent his four 
hundred Indian warriors to prevent troops from coming down the Ohio, 



52 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

and to annoy the Americans in a,ll ways, and sat quietly down to pass the 
Winter. Information of all these proceedings having reached Clark, he 
saw that immediate and decisive action was necessary, and that unless 
he captured Hamilton, Hamilton would capture him. Clark received the 
news on the 29th of January, 1779, and on February 4th, having suffi- 
ciently garrisoned Kaskaskia and Cahokia, he sent down the Mississippi 
a " battoe," as Major Bowman writes it, in order to ascend the Ohio and 
Wabash, and operate with the land forces gathering for the fray. 

On the next day, Clark, with his little force of one hundred and 
twenty men, set out for the post, and after incredible hard, marching 
through much mud, the ground being thawed by the incessant spring 
rains, on the 22d reached the fort, and being joined by his " battoe," at 
once commenced the attack on the post. The aim of the American back- 
woodsman was unerring, and on the 24th the garrison surrendered to the 
intrepid boldness of Clark. The French were treated with great kind- 
ness, and gladly renewed their allegiance to Virginia. Hamilton was 
sent as a prisoner to Virginia, where he was kept in close confinement. 
During his command of the British frontier posts, he had offered prizes 
to the Indians for all the scalps of Americans they would bring to him, 
and had earned in consequence thereof the title " Hair-buyer General," 
by which he was ever afterward known. 

Detroit was now without doubt within easy reach of the enterprising 
Virginian, could he but raise the necessary force. Governor Henry being 
apprised of this, promised him the needed reinforcement, and Clark con- 
cluded to wait until he could capture and sufficiently garrison the posts. 
Had Clark failed in this bold undertaking, and Hamilton succeeded in 
uniting the western Indians for the next Spring's campaign, the West 
would indeed have been swept from the Mississippi to the Allegheny 
Mountains, and the great blow struck, which had been contemplated from 
the commencement, by the British. 

" But for this small army of dripping, but fearless Virginians, the 
union of all the tribes from Georgia to Maine against the colonies might 
have been effected, and the whole current of our history changed." 

At this time some fears were entertained by the Colonial Govern- 
ments that the Indians in the North and Northwest were inclining to the 
British, and under the instructions of Washington, now Commander-in- 
Chief of the Colonial army, and so bravely fighting for American inde- 
pendence, armed forces were sent against the Six Nations, and upon the 
Ohio frontier. Col. Bowman, acting under the same general's orders, 
marched against Indians within the present limits of that State. These 
expeditious were in the main successful, and the Indians were compelled 
to sue for peace. 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 53 

During this same year (1779) the famous "Land Laws" of Virginia 
were passed. The passage of these hiws was of more consequence to the 
pioneers of Kentucky and the Northwest than the gaining of a few Indian 
conflicts. These laws confirmed in main all grants made, and guaranteed 
to all actual settlers their rights and privileges. After providing for the 
settlers, the laws provided for selling the balance of the public lands at 
forty cents per acre. To carry the Land Laws into effect, the Legislature 
sent four Virginians westward to attend to the various claims, over many 
of which great confusion prevailed concerning their validity. These 
gentlemen opened their court on October 13, 1779, at St. Asaphs, and 
continued until April 26, 1780, when they adjourned, having decided 
three ^thousand claims. They were succeeded by the surveyor, who 
came in the person of Mr. George May, and assumed his duties on the 
10th day of the month whose name he bore. With the opening of the 
next year (1780) the troubles conjcerning the navigation of the Missis- 
sippi commenced. The Spanish Government exacted such measures in 
relation to its trade as to cause the overtures made to the United States 
to be rejected. The American Government considered they had a right 
to navigate its channel. To enforce their claims, a fort was erected below 
the mouth of the Ohio on the Kentucky side of the river. The settle- 
ments in Kentucky were being rapidly filled by emigrants. It was dur- 
ing this year that the first seminary of learning was established in the 
West in this young and enterprising Commonwealth. 

The settlers here did not look upon the building of this fort in a 
friendly manner, as it aroused the hostility of the Indians. Spain had 
been friendly to the Colonies during their struggle for independence, 
and though for a while this friendship appeared in danger from the 
refusal of the free navigation of the river, yet it was finally settled to the 
satisfaction of both nations. 

The Winter of 1779-80 was one of the most unusually severe ones 
ever experienced in the West. The Indians always referred to it as the 
"Great Cold." Numbers of wild animals perished, and not a few 
pioneers lost their lives. The following Summer a party of Canadians 
and Indians attacked St. Louis, and attempted to take possession of it 
in consequence of the friendly disposition of Spain to the revolting 
colonies. They met with such a determined resistance on the part of the 
inhabitants, even the women taking part in the battle, that they were 
compelled to abandon the contest. They also made an attack on the 
settlements in Kentucky, but, becoming alarmed in some unaccountable 
manner, they fled the country in great haste. 

About this time arose the question in the Colonial Congress con- 
cerning the western lands claimed by Virginia, New York, Massachusetts 



54 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

and Connecticut. The agitation concerning this subject finally led New 
York, on the 19th of February, 1780, to pass a law giving to the dele- 
gates of that State in Congress the power to cede her western lands for 
the benefit of the United States. This law was laid before Congress 
•during the next month, but no steps were taken concerning it until Sep- 
tember 6th, when a resolution passed that body calling upon the States 
•claiming western lands to release their claims in favor of the whole body. 
This basis formed the union, and was the first after all of those legislative 
measures which resulted in the creation of the States of Ohio, Indiana, 
Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota. In December of the same 
year, the plan of conquering Detroit again arose. The conquest might 
lave easily been effected by Clark had the necessary aid been furnished 
liim. Nothing decisive was done, yet the heads of the Government knew 
that the safety of the Northwest from British invasion lay in the capture 
3ind retention of that important post, the only unconquered one in the 
territory. 

Before the close of the year, Kentucky was divided into the Coun- 
ties of Lincoln, Fayette and Jefferson, and the act establishing the Town 
of Louisville was passed. This same year is also noted in the annals of 
American history as the year in which occurred Arnold's treason to the 
United States. 

Virginia, in accordance with the resolution of Congress, on the 2d 
day of January, 1781, agreed to yield her western lands to the United 
States upon certain conditions, which Congress would not accede to, and 
the Act of Cession, on the part of the Old Dominion, failed, nor was 
anything farther done until 1783. During all that time the Colonies 
were busily engaged in the struggle with the mother country, and in 
consequence thereof but little heed was given to the western settlements. 
Upon the 16th of April, 1781, the first birth north of the Ohio River of 
American parentage occurred, being that of Mary Heckewelder, daughter 
of the widely known Moravian missionary, whose band of Christian 
Indians suffered in after years a horrible massacre by the hands of the 
frontier settlers, who had been exasperated by the murder of several of 
their neighbors, and in their rage committed, without regard to humanity, 
;a deed which forever afterwards cast a shade of shame upon their lives. 
For this and kindred outrages on the part of the whites, the Indians 
committed many deeds of cruelty which darken the years of 1771 and 
1772 in the history of the Northwest. 

During the year 1782 a number of battles among the Indians and 
frontiersmen occurred, and between the Moravian Indians and the Wyan- 
dots. In these, horrible acts of cruelty were practised on the captives, 
ananv of such dark deeds transpiring under the leadership of the notorious 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 



5ly 



frontier outlaw, Simon Girty, whose name, as well as those of his brothers, 
was a terror to women and children. These occurred chiefly in the Ohio 
valleys. Cotemporary with them were several engagements in Kentucky, 
in which the famous Daniel Boone engaged, and who, often by his skill 
and knowledge of Indian warfare, saved the outposts from cruel destruc- 



^?r>^-?> 













INDIA2vS ATTACKIXG FKONTIEIiSMEN. 



tion. By the close of the year victory had perched upon the American 
banner, and on the 30th of November, provisional articles of peace had 
been arranged between the Commissioners of England and her uncon- 
querable colonies. Cornwallis had been defeated on the 19th of October 
preceding, and the liberty of America was assured. On the 19th of 
April following, the anniversary of the battle of Lexington, peace waa 



56 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

proclaimed to the army of the United States, and on tlie 2d of the next 
September, the definite treaty which ended our revolutionary struggle 
was concluded. By the terms of that treaty, the boundaries of the West 
were as follows : On the north the line was to extend along the center of 
the Great Lakes ; from the western point of Lake Superior to Long Lake ; 
thence to the Lake of the Woods ; thence to the head of the Mississippi 
River; down its center to the 31st parallel of latitude, then on that line 
east to the head of the Appalachicola River ; down its center to its junc- 
tion with the Flint ; thence straight to the head of St. Mary's River, and 
thence down along its center to the Atlantic Ocean. 

Following the cessation of hostilities with England, several posts 
were still occupied by the British in the North and West. Among these 
was Detroit, still in the hands of the enemy. Numerous engagements 
with the Indians throughout Ohio and Indiana occurred, upon whose 
lands adventurous whites would settle ere the title had been acquired by 
the proper treaty. • 

To remedy this latter evil. Congress appointed commissioners to 
treat with the natives and purchase their lands, and prohibited the set- 
tlement of the territory until this could be done. Before the close of the 
year another attempt was made to capture Detroit, which was, however, 
not pushed, and Virginia, no longer feeling the interest in the Northwest 
she had formerly done, withdrew iier troops, having on the 20th of 
December preceding authorized the whole other possessions to be deeded 
to the United States. This was done on the 1st of March following, and 
the Northwest Territory passed from the control of the Old Dominion. 
To Gen. Clark and his soldiers, however, she gave a tract of one hundred 
and fifty thousand acres of land, to be situated any where north of the 
Ohio wherever they chose to locate them. They selected the region 
opposite the falls of the Ohio, where is now the dilapidated village of 
Clarksville, about midway between the Cities of New Albany and Jeffer- 
sonville, Indiana. 

While the frontier remained thus, and Gen. Haldimand at Detroit 
refused to evacuate alleging tliat he had no orders from his King to do 
so, settlers were rapidly gathering about the inland forts. In the Spring 
of 1784, Pittsburgh was regularly laid out, and from tiie journal of Arthur 
Lee, who passed through the town soon after on his way to the Indian 
council at Fort Mcintosh, we suppose it was not very prepossessing in 
appearance. He says : 

" Pittsburgh is inhabited almost entirely by Scots and Irish, who 
live in paltry log houses, and are as dirty as if in the north of Ireland or 
even Scotland. There is a great deal of trade carried on, the goods being 
l>ought at the vast expense of forty-five shillings per pound from Phila- 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 57 

delphia and Baltimore. They take in the shops flour, wheat, skins and 
money. There are in the town four attorneys, two doctors, and not a 
priest of any persuasion, nor church nor chapel." 

Kentucky at this time contained thirty thousand inhabitants, and 
was beginning to discuss measures for a separation from Virginia. A 
land office was opened at Louisville, and measures were adopted to take 
defensive precaution against the Indians who were yet, in some instances, 
incited to deeds of violence by the British. Before the close of this year, 
1784, the military claimants of land began to occupy them, although no 
entries were recorded until 1787. 

The Indian title to the Northwest was not j'et extinguished. They 
held large tracts of lands, and in order to prevent bloodshed Congress 
adopted means for treaties with the original owners and provided for the 
surveys of the lands gained thereby, as well as for those north of the 
Ohio, now in its possession. On January 31, 1786, a treaty was made 
with the Wabash Indians. The treaty of Fort Stanwix had been made 
in 1784. That at Fort Mcintosh in 1785, and through these much land 
was gained. The Wabash Indians, however, afterward refused to comply 
with the provisions of the treaty made with them, and in order to compel 
their adherence to its provisions, force was used. Daring the year 1786, 
the free navigation of the Mississippi came up in Congress, and caused 
various discussions, which resulted in no definite action, only serving to 
excite speculation in regard to the western lands. Congress had promised 
bounties of land to the soldiers of the Revolution, but owing to the 
unsettled condition of affairs along the Mississippi respecting its naviga- 
tion, and the trade of the Northwest, that body had, in 1783, declared 
its inability to fulfill these promises until a treaty could be concluded 
between the two Governments. Before the close of the year 1786, how- 
ever, it was able, through the treaties with the Indians, to allow some 
grants and the settlement thereon, and on the 14th of September Con- 
necticut ceded to the General Government the tract of land known as 
the " Connecticut Reserve," and before the close of the following year a 
large tract of land north of the Ohio was sold to a company, who at once 
took measures to settle it. By the provisions of this grant, the company 
were to pay the United States one dollar per acre, subject to a deduction 
of one-third for bad lands and other contingencies. They received 
750,000 acres, bounded on the south by the Ohio, on the east by the 
seventh range of townships, on the west by the sixteenth range, and on 
the north by a line so drawn as to make the grant complete without 
the reservations. In addition to this, Congress afterward granted 100,000 
acres to actual settlers, and 214,285 acres as army bounties under the 
resolutions of 1789 and 1790. 



58 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 



a /. 



While Di/ Cutler, one of the agents of the company, was pressing 
its claims before Congress, that body was bringing into form an ordinance 
for the political and social organization of this Territory. When the 
cession was made by Virginia, in 1784, a plan was offered, but rejected. 
A motion had been made to strike from the proposed plan the prohibition 
of slavery, which prevailed. The plan was then discussed and altered, 
and finally passed unanimously, with the exception of South Carolina. 
' By this proposition, the Territory was to have been divided into states 




PRESENT SITE OF LAKE STKEET BKIDGE, CHICAGO, IN 1S33. 



by parallels and meridian lines. This, it was thought, would make ten 
states, which were to have been named as follows — beginning at the 
northwest corner and going southwardly : Sylvania, Michigania, Cher- 
Bonesus, Assenisipia, Metropotamia, Illenoia, Saratoga, Washington, Poly- 
potamia and Pelisipia. 

There was a more serious objection to this plan than its category of 
names, — the boundaries. The root of the difficulty was in the resolu- 
tion of Congress passed in October, 1780, which fixed the boundaries 
of the ceded lands to be from one hundred to one hundred and fifty miles 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 59 

square. These resolutions being presented to the Legislatures of Vir- 
ginia and Massachusetts, they desired a change, and in July, 178G, the 
subject was taken up in Congress, and changed to favor a division into 
not more than five states, and not less than three. This was approved by 
the State Legislature of Virginia. The subject of the Government was 
again taken up by Congress in 1786, and discussed throughout that year 
and until July, 1787, when the famous "Compact of 1787" was passed, 
and the foundation of the government of the North Avest laid. This com- 
pact is fully discussed and explained in the history of Illinois in this book, 
and to it the reader is referred. 

The passage of this act and the grant to the New England Company 
was soon followed by an application to the Government by John Cleves 
Syrames, of New Jersey, for a grant of the land between the Miamis. 
This gentleman had visited these lands soon after the treaty of 1786, and, 
being greatly pleased with them, offered similar terms to those given to the 
New England Company. The petition was referred to the Treasury 
Board with power to act, and a contract was concluded the following 
year. During the Autumn the directors of the New England Company 
were preparing to occupy their grant the following Spring, and upon the 
23d of November made arrangements for a party of forty-seven men, 
under the superintendency of Gen. Rufus Putnam, to set forward. Six 
boat-builders were to leave at once, and on the first of January tlie sur- 
veyors and their assistants, twenty-six in number, were to meet at Hart- 
ford and proceed on their journey westward ; the remainder to follow as 
soon as possible. Congress, in the meantime, upon the '^)d of October, 
had ordered seven hundred troops for defense of the western settlers, and 
to prevent unauthorized intrusions ; and two days later appointed Arthur 
St. Clair' Governor of the Territory of the Northwest. 

AMERICAN SETTLEMENTS. 

The civil organization of the Northwest Territory was now com- 
plete, and notwithstanding the uncertainty of Indian affairs, settlers from 
the East began to come into the country rapidly. The New England 
Company sent their men during the Winter of 1787-8 pressing on over 
the AUeghenies by the old Indian path which had been opened into 
Braddock's road, and which has since been made a national turnpike 
from Cumberland westward. Through the weary winter days they toiled 
on, and by April were all gathered on the Yohiogany, where boats had 
been built, and at once started for the Muskingum. Here they arrived 
on the 7th of that month, and unless the Moravian juissionaries be regarded 
as the pioneers of Ohio, this little band can justly claim that honor. 



60 



THE NORTHWEST TERRTTORY. 



Gen. St. Clair, the appointed Governor of the Northwest, not having 
yet arrived, a set of laws were passed, written out, and published by 
Taeing nailed to a tree in the embryo town, and Jonathan Meigs appointed 
to administer them. 

Washington in writing of this, the first American settlement in the 
Northwest, said : " No colony in America was ever settled under 
such favorable auspices as that which has just commenced at Muskingum. 
Information, property and strength will be its characteristics. I know 
many of its settlers personally, and there never were men better calcu- 
lated to promote the welfare of such a community." 




<r^r-^^^ 



A PIONEEK DWELLING. 



On the 2d of July a meeting of the directors and agents was held 
on the banks of the Muskingum, " for the purpose of naming the new- 
born city and its squares." As yet the settlement was known as the 
"Muskingum," but that was now changed to the name Marietta, in honor 
of Marie Antoinette. The square upon which the block -houses stood 
was called "■ Campus Martius ;'' square number 19, ''Capitolium ;'' square 
number 61, " Cecilia ;" and the great road through the covert way. " Sacra 
Via.'" Two days after, an oration was delivered by James M. Varnum, 
who with S. H. Parsons and John Armstrong had been appointed to the 
judicial bench of the territory on the 16th of October, 1787. On July 9, 
Gov. St. Clair arrived, alid the colony began to assume form. The act 
of 1787 provided two district grades of government for the Northwest, 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 61 

under the first of which the whole power was invested in the hands of a 
governor and three district judges. This was immediately formed upon 
the Governor's arrival, and the first laws of the colony passed on the 25th 
of July. These provided for the organization of the militia, and on the 
next day appeared the Governor's proclamation, erecting all that country 
that had been ceded by the Indians east of the Scioto River into the 
County of Washington. From that time forward, notwithstanding the 
doubts yet existing as to the Indians, all Marietta prospered, and on the 
2d of September the first court of the territory was held with imposing 
ceremonies. 

The emigration westward at this time was very great. Tlie com- 
mander at Fort Harmer, at the mouth of the Muskingum, reported four 
thousand five hundred persons as having passed that post between Feb- 
ruary and June, 1788 — many of whom would have purchased of the 
"Associates," as the New England Company was called, had they been 
ready to receive them. 

On the 26th of November, 1787, Symmes issued a pamphlet stating 
the terms of his contract and the plan of sale he intended to adopt. In 
January, 1788, Matthias Denman, of New Jersey, took an active interest 
in Symmes' purchase, and located among other tracts the sections upon 
which Cincinnati has been built. Retaining one-third of this locality, he 
sold the other two-thirds to Robert Patterson and John Filson, and the 
three, about August, commenced to lay out a town on the spot, which 
was designated as being opposite Licking River, to the moulh of which 
they proposed to have a road cut from Lexington. The naming of the 
town is thus narrated in the "Western Annals " : — " Mr. Filson, who had 
been a schoolmaster, was appointed to name the town, and, in respect to 
its situation, and as if with a prophetic perception of the mixed race that 
were to inhabit it in after days, he named it Losantiville, which, being 
interpreted, means : ville^ the town ; anti, against or opposite to ; os, the 
mouth ; L. of Licking." 

Meanwhile, in July, Symmes got thirty persons and eight four-horse 
teams under way for the West. These reached Limestone (now May&- 
ville") in September, where were several persons from Redstone. Here 
Mr. Symmes tried to found a settlement, but the great freshet of 1789 
caused the "Point," as it was and is yet called, to be fifteen feet under 
Avater, and the settlement to be abandoned. The little band of settlers 
removed to the mouth of the Miami. Before Symmes and his colony left 
the " Point," two settlements had been made on his purchase. The first 
was by Mr. Stiltes, the original projector of the whole plan, who, with a 
colony of Redstone people, had located at the mouth of the Miami, 
whither Symmes went with his Maysville colony. Here a clearing had 



62 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 



been made by the Indians owing to the great fertility of the soil. Mr. 
Stiltes with his colony came to this place on the 18th of November, 1788, 
with twenty-six persons, and, building a block-house, prepared to remain 
through the Winter. They named the settlement Columbia. Here they 
were kindly treated by the Indians, but suffered greatly from the flood 
of 1789. 

On the 4th of March, 1789, the Constitution of the United States 
went into operation, and on April 30, George Washington was inaug- 
urated President of the American people, and during the next Summer, 
an Indian war was commenced by the tribes north of the Ohio. The 
President at first used pacific means ; but these failing, he sent General 
Harmer against the hostile tribes. He destroyed several villages, but 







LAKE BLUFF 

The frontage of Lake Bluff Grounds on Lake Michigan, with one hundred and seventy feet of gradual ascent. 



was defeated in two battles, near the present City of Fort Wayne, 
Indiana. From this time till the close of 1795, the principal events were 
the wars with the various Indian tribes. In 1796, General St. Clair 
was appointed in command, and marched against the Indians ; but while 
lie was encamped on a stream, the St. Mary, a branch of the Maumee, 
he was attacked and defeated with the loss of six hundred men. 

General Wayne was now sent against the savages. In August, 1794, 
he met them near the rapids of the Maumee, and gained a complete 
victory. This success, followed by vigorous measures, compelled the 
Indians to sue for peace, and on the 30th of July, the following year, the 
treaty of Greenville was signed by the principal chiefs, by which a large 
tract of country was ceded to the United States. 

Before proceeding in our narrative, we will pause to notice Fort 
Washington, erected in the early part of this war on the site of Cincinnati. 
Nearly all of the great cities of the Northwest, and indeed of the 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 63 

whole country, have had their nuclei in those rude pioneer structures, 
known as forts or stockades. Thus Forts Dearborn, Washington, Pon- 
chartrain, mark the original sites of the now proud Cities of Chicago, 
Cincinnati and Detroit. So of most of the flourishing cities east and west 
of the Mississippi. Fort Washington, erected by Doughty in 1790, was a 
rude bat highly interesting structure. It was composed of a number of 
strongly-built hewed log cabins. Those designed for soldiers' barracks 
were a story and a half high, while those composing the officers quarters 
were more imposing and more conveniently arranged and furnished. 
The whole were so placed as to form a hollow square, enclosing about an 
acre of ground, with a block house at each of the four angles. 

The logs for the construction of this fort were cut from the ground 
upon which it was erected. It stood between Third and Fourth Streets 
of the present city (Cincinnati) extending east of Eastern Row, now 
Broadway, which was then a narrow alley, and the eastern boundary of 
of the town as it was originally laid out. On the bank of the river, 
immediately in front of the fort, was an appendage of the fort, called the 
Artificer's Yard. It contained about two acres of ground, enclosed by 
small contiguous buildings, occupied by workshops and quarters of 
laborers. Within this enclosure there was a large two-story frame house, 
familiarly called the " Yellow House," built for the accommodation of 
the Quartermaster General. For many years this was the best finished 
and most commodious edifice in the Queen City. Fort Washington was 
for some time the headquarters of both the civil and military governments 
of the Northwestern Territory. 

Following the consummation of the treaty various gigantic land spec- 
ulations were entered into by different persons, who hoped to obtain 
from the Indians in Michigan and northern Indiana, large tracts of lands. 
These were generally discovered in time to prevent the outrageous 
schemes from being carried out, and from involving the settlers in war- 
On October 27, 1795, the treaty between the United States and Spain 
was signed, whereby the free navigation of the Mississippi was secured. 

No sooner had the treaty of 1795 been ratified than settlements began 
to pour rapidly into the West. The great event of the year 1796 was the 
occupation of that part of the Northwest including Michigan, which was 
this year, under the provisions of the treaty, evacuated by the British 
forces. The United States, owing to certain conditions, did not feel 
justified in addressing the authorities in Canada in relation to Detroit 
and other frontier posts. When at last the British authorities were 
called to give them up, they at once complied, and General Wayne, who 
had done so much to preserve the frontier settlements, and who, before 
the year's close, sickened and died near Erie, transferred his head- 



Q4 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

quarters to the neighborhood of the lakes, where a county named after 
him was formed, which included the northwest of Ohio, all of Michigan, 
and the northeast of Indiana. During this same year settlements were 
formed at the present City of Chillicothe, along the Miami from Middle- 
town to Piqua, while in the more distant West, settlers and speculators 
began to appear in great numbers. In September, the City of Cleveland 
was laid out, and during the Summer and Autumn, Samuel Jackson and 
Jonathan Sharpless erected the first manufactory of paper — the " Red- 
stone Paper Mill" — in the West. St. Louis contained some seventy 
houses, and Detroit over three hundred, and along the river, contiguous 
to it, were more than three thousand inhabitants, mostly French Canadians, 
Indians and half-breeds, scarcely any Americans venturing yet into that 
part of the Northwest. 

The election of representatives for the territory had taken place, 
and on the 4th of February, 1799, they convened at Losantiville — now 
known as Cincinnati, having been named so by Gov. St. Clair, and 
considered the capital of the Territory — to nominate persons from whom 
the members of the Legislature were to be chosen in accordance with 
a previous ordinance. This nomination being made, the Assembly 
adjourned until the 16th of the following September. From those named 
the President selected as members of the council, Henry Vandenburg, 
of Vincennes, Robert Oliver, of Marietta, James Findlay and Jacob 
Burnett, of Cincinnati, and David Vance, of Vanceville. On the 16th 
of September the Territorial Legislature met, and on the 24th the two 
houses were duly organized, Henry Vandenburg being elected President 
of the Council. 

The message of Gov. St. Clair was addressed to the Legislature 
September 20th, and on October 13th that body elected as a delegate to 
Congress Gen. Wm. Henry Harrison, who received eleven of the votes 
cast, being a majority of one over his opponent, Arthur St. Clair, son of 
Gen. St. Clair. 

The whole number of acts passed at this session, and approved by 
the Governor, were thirty-seven — eleven others were passed, but received 
his veto. The most important of those passed related to the militia, to 
the administration, and to taxation. On the 19th of December this pro- 
tracted session of the lirst Legislature in the West was closed, and on the 
30th of December the President nominated Charles Willing Bryd to the 
office of Secretary of the Territory vice Wm. Henry Harrison, elected to 
Congress. The Senate confirmed his nomination the next day. 



THE NOKTHWEST TERRITORY. 65 



DIVISION OF THE NORTHWEST TEKRITORY. 

The increased emigration to the Northwest, the extent of the domain, 
and the inconvenient modes of travel, made it very difficult to conduct 
the ordinary operations of government, and rendered the efficient action 
of courts almost impossible. To remedy this, it was deemed advisable to 
divide the territory for civil purposes. Congress, in 1800, appointed a 
committee to examine the question and report some means for its solution. 
This committee, on the 3d of March, reported that : 

"In the three western countries there has been but one court having 
cognizance of crimes, in five years, and the immunity which offenders 
experience attracts, as to an asylum, the most vile and abandoned crim- 
inals, and at the same time deters useful citizens from making settlements 
in such society. The extreme necessity of judiciary attention and assist- 
ance is experienced in civil as well as in criminal cases. * * * * Xo 
minister a remedy to these and other evils, it occurs to this committee 
that it is expedient that a division of said territory into two distinct and 
separate governments should be made ; and that such division be made 
by a line beginning at the mouth of the Great Miami River, runhing 
directly north until it intersects the boundary between the United States 
and Canada." 

The report was accepted by Congress, and, in accordance with its 
suggestions, that body passed an Act extinguishing the Northwest Terri- 
tory, which Act was approved May 7. Among its provisions were these : 

" That from and after July 4 next, all that part of the Territory of 
the United States northwest of the Ohio River, which lies to the westward 
of a line beginning at a point on the Ohio, opposite to the mouth of the 
Kentucky River, and running thence to Fort Recovery, and thence north 
until it shall intersect the territorial line between the United States and 
Canada, shall, for the purpose of temporary government, constitute a 
separate territory, and be called the Indiana Territory." 

After providing for the exercise of the civil and criminal powers of 
the territories, and other provisions, the Act further provides : 

" That until it shall otherwise be ordered by the Legislatures of the 
said Territories, respectively, Chillicothe on the Scioto River shall be the 
seat of government of the Territory of the United States northwest of the 
Ohio River ; and that St. Vincennes on the Wabash River shall be the 
seat of government for the Indiana Territory." 

Gen. Wm. Henry Harrison was appointed Governor of the Indiana 
Territory, and entered upon his duties about a year later. Connecticut 
also about this time released her claims to the reserve, and in March a law 



60 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

was passed accepting this cession. Settlements had been made upon 
thirty -five of the townships in the reserve, mills had been built, and seven 
hundred miles of road cut in various directions. On the 3d of November 
the General Assembly met at Chillicothe. Near the close of the year, 
the first missionary of the Connecticut Reserve came, who found no 
township containing more than eleven families. It was upon the first of 
October that the secret treaty had been made between Napoleon and the 
King of Spain, whereby the latter agreed to cede to France the province 
of Louisiana. 

In January, 1802, the Assembly of the Northwestern Territory char- 
tered the college at Athens. From the earliest dawn of the western 
colonies, education was promptly provided for, and as early as 1787, 
newspapers Avere issued from Pittsburgh and Kentucky, and largely read 
throughout the frontier settlements. Before the close of this year, the 
Congress of the United States granted to the citizens of the Northwestern 
territory the formation of a State government. One of the provisions of 
the "compact of 1787" provided that whenever the number of inhabit- 
ants within prescribed limits exceeded 45,000, they should be entitled to 
a separate government. The prescribed limits of Ohio contained, from a 
census taken to ascertain the legality of the act, more than that number, 
and on the 30th of April, 1802, Congress passed the act defining its limits, 
and on the 29th of November the Constitution of the new State of Ohio, 
so named from the beautiful river forming its southern boundary, came' 
into existence. The exact limits of Lake Michigan were not then known, 
but the territory now included within the State of Michigan was wholly 
within the territory of Indiana. 

Gen. Harrison, while residing at Vincennes, made several treaties 
with the Indians, thereby gaining large tracts of lands. The next year is 
memorable in the history of the West for the purchase of Louisiana from 
France by the United States for $15,000,000. Thus by a peaceful mode, 
the domain of the United States was extended over a large tract of 
country west of the Mississippi, and was for a time under the jurisdiction 
of the Northwest government, and, as has been mentioned in the early 
part of this narrative, was called the "New Northwest." The limits 
of this history will not allow a description of its territory. The same year 
large grants of land were obtained from the Indians, and the House of 
Representatives of the new State of Ohio signed a bill respecting the 
College Township in the district of Cincinnati. 

Before the close of the year, Gen. Harrison obtained additional 
grants of lands from the various Indian nations in Indiana and the present 
limits of Illinois, and on the 18th of August, 1804, completed a treaty at 
St. Louis, whereby over 51,000,000 acres of lands were obtained from the 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 6'( 

aborigines. Measures were also taken to learn the condition of affairs in 
and about Detroit. 

C. Jouett, the Indian agent in Michigan, still a part of Indiana Terri- 
tory, reported as follows upon the condition of matters at that post : 

" The Town of Detroit. — The charter, which is for fifteen miles 
square, was granted in the time of Louis XIV. of France, and is now, 
from the best information I have been able to get, at Quebec. Of those 
two hundred and twenty-five acres, only four are occupied by the town 
and Fort Lenault. The remainder is a common, except twenty -four 
acres, which were added twenty years ago to a farm belonging to Wm. 
Macomb. * * * A stockade incloses the town, fort and citadel. The 
pickets, as well as the public houses, are in a state of gradual decay. The 
streets are narrow, straight and regular, and intersect each other at right 
angles. The houses are, for the most part, low and inelegant." 

During this year, Congress granted a township of land for the sup- 
port of a college, and began to offer inducements for settlers in these 
wilds, and the country now comprising the State of Michigan began to 
fill rapidly with settlers along its southern borders. This same year, also, 
a law was passed organizing the Southwest Territory, dividing it into two 
portions, the Territory of New Orleans, which city was made the seat of 
government, and the District of Louisiana, which was annexed to the 
domain of Gen. Harrison. 

On the 11th of January, 1805, the Territory of Michigan was formed, 
Wm. Hull was appointed governor, with headquarters at Detroit, the 
change to take effect on June 30. On the 11th of that month, a fire 
occurred at Detroit, which destroyed almost every building in the place. 
When the officers of the new territory reached the post, they found it in 
ruins, and the inhabitants scattered throughout the country. Rebuild- 
ing, however, soon commenced, and ere long the town contained more 
houses than before the fire, and many of them much better built. 

While this was being done, Indiana had passed to the second grade 
of government, and through her General Assembly had obtained large 
tracts of land from the Indian tribes. To all this the celebrated Indian, 
Tecumthe or Tecumseh, vigorously protested, and it was the main cause 
of his attempts to unite the various Indian tribes in a conflict with the 
settlers. To obtain a full account of these attempts, the workings of the 
British, and the signal failure, culminating in the death of Tecumseh at 
the battle of the Thames, and the close of the war of 1812 in the Northwest, 
we will step aside in our story, and relate the principal events of his life, 
and his connection with this conflict. 



68 



THE NOKTHWEST TERRITORY. 




TECUMSEH, THE SHAWANOE CHIEFTAIN. 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 69 



TECUMSEH, AND THE WAR OF 1812. 

This famous Indian chief was born about the year 1768, not far from 
the site of the present city of Springfield, Ohio. His father, Puckeshinwa, 
was a member of the Kisopok tribe of the Swanoese nation, and his 
mother, Methontaske, was a member of the Turtle tribe of the same 
people. They removed from Florida about the middle of the last century 
to the birthplace of Tecumseh. In 1774, his father, who had risen to be 
chief, was slain at the battle of Point Pleasant, and not long after Tecum- 
seh, by his bravery, became the leader of his tribe. In 1795 he was 
declared chief, and then lived at Deer Creek, near the site of the 
present City of Urbana. He remained here about one year, when he 
returned to Piqua, and in 1798, he went to White River, Indiana. In 
1805, he and his brother, Laulewasikan (Open Door), who had announced 
himself as a prophet, went to a tract of land on the Wabash River, given 
them by the Pottawatomies and Kickapoos. From this date the chief 
comes into prominence. He was now about thirty-seven years of age, 
was five feet and ten inches in height, was stoutly built, and possessed of 
enormous powers of endurance. His countenance was naturally pleas- 
ing, and he was, in general, devoid of those savage attributes possessed 
by most Indians. It is stated he could read and write, and had a confi- 
dential secretary and adviser, named Billy Caldwell, a half-breed, who 
afterward became chief of the Pottawatomies. He occupied the first 
house built on the site of Chicago. At this time, Tecumseh entered 
upon the great work of his life. He had long objected to the grants of 
land made by the Indians to the whites, and determined to unite all the 
Indian tribes into a league, in order that no treaties or grants of land 
could be made save by the consent of this confederation. 

He traveled constantly, going from north to south ; from the south 
to the north, everywhere urging the Indians to this step. He was a 
matchless orator, and his burning words had their effect. 

Gen. Harrison, then Governor of Indiana, by watching the move- 
ments of the Indians, became convinced that a grand conspiracy was 
forming, and made preparations to defend the settlements. Tecumseh's 
plan was similar to Pontiac's, elsewhere described, and to the cunning 
artifice of that chieftain was added his own sagacity. 

During the year 1809, Tecumseh and the prophet were actively pre- 
paring for the work. In that year. Gen. Harrison entered into a treaty 
with the Delawares, Kickapoos, Pottawatomies, Miamis, Eel River Indians 
and Weas, in which these tribes ceded to the whites certain lands upon 
the Wabash, to all of which Tecumseh entered a bitter protest, averring 



70 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

as one principal reason that he did not want the Indians to give up any 
lands north and west of the Ohio River. 

Tecumseh, in August, 1810, visited the General at Vincennes and 
held a council relating to the grievances of the Indians. Becoming unduly 
angry at this conference he was dismissed from the village, and soon after 
departed to incite the southern Indian tribes to the conflict. 

Gen. Harrison determined to move upon the chiefs headquarters at 
Tippecanoe, and for this purpose went about sixty-five miles up the 
Wabash, where he built Fort Harrison. From this place he went to the 
prophet's town, where he informed the Indians he had no hostile inten- 
tions, provided they were true to the existing treaties. He encamped 
near the village earl}^ in October, and on the morning of November 7, he 
was attacked by a large force of the Indians, and the famous battle of 
Tippecanoe occurred. The Indians were routed and their town broken 
up. Tecumseh returning not long after, was greatly exasperated at his 
brother, the prophet, even threatening to kill him for rashly precipitating 
the war, and foiling his (Tecumseh's) plans. 

Tecumseh sent word to Gen. Harrison that he was now returned 
from the South, and was ready to visit the President as had at one time 
previously been pro]30sed. Gen. Harrison informed him he could not go 
as a chief, which method Tecumseh desired, and the visit was never 
made. 

In June of the following year, he visited the Indian agent at 
Fort Wayne. Here he disavowed any intention to make a war against 
the United States, and reproached Gen. Harrison for marching against his 
people. The agent replied to this ; Tecumseh listened with a cold indif- 
ference, and after making a few general remarks, with a haughty air drew 
his blanket about him, left the council house, and departed for Fort Mai- 
den, in Upper Canada, where he joined the British standard. 

He remained under this Government, doing effective work for the 
Crown while engaged in the war of 1812 which now opened. He was, 
however, always humane in his treatment of the prisoners, never allow- 
ing his warriors to ruthlessly mutilate the bodies of those slain, or wan- 
tonly murder the captive. 

In the Summer of 1813, Perry's victor}'" on Lake Erie occurred, and 
shortly after active preparations were made to capture Maiden. On the 
27th of September, the American army, under Gen. Harrison, set sail for 
the shores of Canada, and in a few hours stood around the ruins of Mai- 
den, from which the British army, under Proctor, had retreated to Sand- 
wich, intending to make its way to the heart of Canada by the Valley of 
the Thames. On the 29th Gen. Harrison was at Sandwich, and Gen. 
McArthur took possession of Detroit and the territory of Michigan. 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 



71 



On the 2d of October, the Americans began their pursuit of Proctor, 
whom they overtook on the 5th, and the battle of the Thames followed. 
Early in the engagement, Tecumseh who was at the head of the column 
of Indians was slain, and they, no longer hearing the voice of their chief- 
tain, fled. The victory was decisive, and practically closed the war in 
the Northwest. 




INDIANS ATTACKING A STOCKADE. 



Just who killed the great chief has been a matter of much dispute ; 
but the weight of opinion awards the act to Col. Richard M. Johnson, 
who fired at him with a pistol, the shot proving fatal. 

In 1805 occurred Burr's Insurrection. He took possession of a 
beautiful island in the Ohio, after the killing of Hamilton, and is charged 
by many with attempting to set up an independent government. His 
plans were frustrated by the general government, his property confiscated 
and he was compelled to flee the country for safety. 



72 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

In January, 1807, Governor Hull, of Michigan Territory, made a 
treaty with the Indians, whereby all that peninsula was ceded to the 
United States. Before the close of the year, a stockade was built about 
Detroit. It was also during this year that Indiana and Illinois endeavored 
to obtain the repeal of that section of the compact of 1787, whereby 
slavery was excluded from the Northwest Territory. These attempts, 
however, all signally failed. 

In 1809 it was deemed advisable to divide the Indiana Territory. 
This was done, and the Territory of Illinois was formed from the western 
part, the seat of government being fixed at Kaskaskia. The next year, 
the intentions of Tecumseh manifested themselves in open hostilities, and 
then began the events already narrated. 

While this war was in progress, emigration to the West went on with 
surprising rapidity. In 1811, under Mr. Roosevelt of New York, the 
first steamboat trip was made on the Ohio, much to the astonishment of 
the natives, many of whom fled in terror at the appearance of the 
*' monster." It arrived at Louisville on the 10th day of October. At the 
close of the first week of January, 1812, it arrived at Natchez, after being 
nearly overwhelmed in the great earthquake which occurred while on its 
downward trip. 

The battle of the Thames was fought on October 6, 1813. It 
effectually closed hostilities in the Northwest, although peace was not 
fully restored until July 22, 1814, when a treaty was formed at Green- 
ville, under the direction of General Harrison, between the United States 
and the Indian tribes, in which it was stipulated that the Indians should 
cease hostilities against the Americans if the war were continued. Such, 
happily, was not the case, and on the 2-4th of December the treaty 
of Ghent was signed by the representatives of England and the United 
States. This treaty was followed the next year by treaties with various 
Indian tribes throughout the West and Northwest, and quiet was again 
restored in this part of the new world. 

On the 18th of March, 1816, Pittsburgh was incorporated as a city. 
It then had a population of 8,000 people, and was already noted for its 
manufacturing interests. On April 19, Indiana Territory was allowed 
to form a state government. At that time there were thirteen counties 
organized, containing about sixty-three thousand inhabitants. The first 
election of state officers was held in August, when Jonathan Jennings 
was chosen Governor. The officers were sworn in on November 7, and 
on December 11, the State was formally admitted into the Union. For 
some time the seat of government was at Corydon, but a more central 
location being desirable, the present capital, Indianapolis (City of Indiana), 
was laid out January 1, 1825. 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 73 

On the 28th of December the Bank of Illinois, at Shawneetown, was 
chartered, with a capital of $300,000. At this period all banks were 
under the control of the States, and were allowed to establish branches 
at different convenient points. 

Until this time Chillicothe and Cincinnati had in turn enjoyed the 
privileges of being the capital of Ohio. But the rapid settlement of the 
northern and eastern portions of the State demanded, as in Indiana, a 
more central location, and before the close of the year, the site of Col- 
umbus was selected and surveyed as the future capital of the State. 
Banking had begun in Ohio as early as 1808, when the first bank was 
chartered at Marietta, but here as elsewhere it did not bring to the state 
the hoped-for assistance. It and other banks were subsequently unable 
to redeem their currency, and were obliged to suspend. 

In 1818, Illinois was made a state, and all the territory north of her 
northern limits was erected into a separate territory and joined to Mich- 
igan for judicial purposes. By the following year, navigation of the lakes 
was increasing with great rapidity and affording an immense source of 
revenue to the dwellers in the Northwest, but it was not until 1826 that 
the trade was extended to Lake Michigan, or that steamships began to 
navigate the bosom of that inland sea. 

Until the year 1832, the commencement of the Black Hawk War, 
but few hostilities were experienced with the Indians. Roads were 
opened, canals were dug, cities were built, common schools were estab- 
lished, universities were founded, many of which, especially the Michigan 
University, have achieved a world wide-reputation. The people were 
becoming wealthy. The domains of the United States had been extended, 
and had the sons of the forest been treated with honesty and justice, the 
record of many years would have been that of peace and continuous pros- 
perity. 

BLACK HAWK AND THE BLACK HAWK WAR. 

This conflict, though confined to Illinois, is an important epoch in 
the Northwestern history, being the last war with the Indians in this part 
of the United States. 

Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiah, or Black Hawk, was born in the principal 
Sac village, about three miles from the junction of Rock River with the 
Mississippi, in the year 1767. His father's name was Py-e-sa or Pahaes ; 
his grandfather's, Na-na-ma-kee, or the Thunderer. Black Hawk early 
distinguished himself as a warrior, and at the age of fifteen was permitted 
to paint and was ranked among the braves. About the year 1783, he 
went on an expedition against the enemies of his nation, the Osages, one 



T4 



THE NORTHWEST TEKKITORY. 




BLACK HAWK, THE SAC CHIEFTAIN. 



THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 75 

of whom he killed and scalped, and for this deed of Indian bravery he was 
jjermitted to join in the scalp dance. Three or four years after he, at the 
head of two hundred braves, went on another expedition against the 
Osages, to avenge the murder of some women and children belonging to 
his own tribe. Meeting an equal number of Osage warriors, a fierce 
battle ensued, in which the latter tribe lost one-half their number. The 
Sacs lost only about nineteen warriors. He next attacked the Cherokees 
for a similar cause. In a severe battle with them, near the present City 
of St. Louis, his father was slain, and Black Hawk, taking possession of 
the " Medicine Bag," at once announced himself chief of the Sac nation. 
He had now conquered the Cherokees, and about the year 1800, at the 
head of five hundred Sacs and Foxes, and a hundred lowas, he waged 
war against the Osage nation and subdued it. For two years he battled 
successfully with other Indian tribes, all of whom he conquered. 

Black Hawk does not at any time seem to have been friendly to 
the Americans. When on a visit to St. Louis to see his " Spanish 
Father," he declined to see any of the Americans, alleging, as a reason, 
he did not want two fathers. 

The treaty at St. Louis was consummated in 1804. The next year the 
United States Government erected a fort near the head of the Des Moines 
Rapids, called Fort Edwards. This seemed to enrage Black Hawk, who 
at once determined to capture Fort Madison, standing on the west side of 
the Mississippi above the mouth of the Des Moines River. The fort was 
garrisoned by about fifty men. Here he was defeated. The difficulties 
with the British Government arose about this time, and the War of 1812 
followed. That government, extending aid to the Western Indians, by 
giving them arms and ammunition, induced them to remain hostile to the 
Americans. In August, 1812, Black Hawk, at the head of about five 
hundred braves, started to join the British forces at Detroit, passing on 
his way the site of Chicago, where the famous Fort Dearborn Massacre 
had a few days before occurred. Of his connection with the British 
Government but little is known. In 1813 he with his little band descended 
the Mississippi, and attacking some United States troops at Fort Howard 
was defeated. 

In the early part of 1815, the Indian tribes west of the Mississippi 
were notified that peace had been declared between the United States 
and England, and nearly all hostilities had ceased. Black Hawk did not 
sign any treaty, however, until May of the following year. He then recog- 
nized the validity of the treaty at St. Louis in 1804. From the time of 
signing this treaty in 1816, until the breaking out of the war in 1832, he 
and his band passed their time in the common pursuits of Indian life. 

Ten years before the commencement of this war, the Sac and Fox 



76 TELE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

Indians were urged to join the lowas on the west bank of the Father of 
Waters. All were agreed, save the band known as the British Band, of 
which Black Hawk was leader. He strenuously objected to the removal, 
and was induced to comply only after being threatened with the power of 
the Government. This and various actions on the part of the white set- 
tlers provoked Black Hawk and his band to attempt the capture of his 
native village now occupied by the whites. The war followed. He and 
his actions were undoubtedly misunderstood, and had his wishes been 
acquiesced in at the beginning of the struggle, much bloodshed would 
have been prevented. 

Black Hawk was chief now of the Sac and Fox nations, and a noted 
warrior. He and his tribe inhabited a village on Rock River, nearly three 
miles above its confluence with the Mississippi, where the tribe had lived 
many generations. When that portion of Illinois was reserved to them, 
they remained in peaceable possession of their reservation, spending their 
time in the enjoyment of Indian life. The fine situation of their village 
and the quality of their lands incited the more lawless white settlers, who 
from time to time began to encroach upon the red men's domain. From 
one pretext to another, and from one step to another, the crafty white 
men gained a foothold, until through whisky and artifice they obtained 
deeds from many of the Indians for their possessions. The Indians were 
finally induced to cross over the Father of Waters and locate among the 
lowas. Black Hawk was strenuously opposed to all this, but as the 
authorities of Illinois and the United States thought this the best move, he 
was forced to comply. Moreover other tribes joined the whites and urged 
the removal. Black Hawk would not agree to the terms of the treaty 
made with his nation for their lands, and as soon as the military, called to 
enforce his removal, had retired, he returned to the Illinois side of the 
river. A large force was at once raised and marched against him. On 
the evening of May 14, 1832, the first engagement occurred between a 
band from this army and Black Hawk's band, in which the former were 
defeated. 

This attack and its result aroused the whites. A large force of men 
was raised, and Gen. Scott hastened from the seaboard, by way of the 
lakes, with United States troops and artillery to aid in the subjugation of 
the Indians. On the 24th of June, Black Hawk, with 200 warriors, was 
repulsed by Major Demont between Rock River and Galena. The Ameri- 
can army continued to move up Rock Rivei- toward the main body of 
the Indians, and on the 21st of July came upon Black Hawk and his band, 
and defeated them near the Blue Mounds. 

Before this action, Gen. Henry, in command, sent word to the main 
army by whom he was immediately rejoined, and the whole crossed the 



THE NORTHWEST TERETTORT. 77 

Wisconsin in pursuit of Black Hawk and his band who were fleeing to the 
Mississippi. They were overtaken on the 2d of August, and in the battle 
which followed the power of the Indian chief was completely broken. He 
fled, but was seized by the Winnebagoes and delivered to the whites. 

On the 21st of September, 1832, Gen. Scott and Gov. Reynolds con- 
cluded a treaty with the Winnebagoes, Sacs and Foxes by which they 
ceded to the United States a vast tract of country, and agreed to remain 
peaceable with the whites. For the faithful performance of the provi- 
sions of this treaty on the part of the Indians, it was stipulated that 
Black Hawk, his two sons, the prophet Wabokieshiek, and six other chiefs 
of the hostile bands should be retained as hostages during the pleasure 
of the President. They were confined at Fort Barracks and put in irons. 

The next Spring, by order of the Secretary of War, they were taken 
to Washington. From there they were removed to Fortress Monroe, 
"there to remain until the conduct of their nation was such as to justify 
their being set at libert}'." They were retained here until the 4th of 
June, when the authorities directed them to be taken to the principal 
cities so that they might see the folly of contending against the white 
people. Everywhere they were observed by thousands, the name of the 
old chief being extensively known. By the middle of August they 
reached Fort Armstrong on Rock Island, where Black Hawk was soon 
after released to go to his countrymen. As he passed the site of his birth- 
place, now the home of the white man, he was deeply moved. His village 
where he was born, where he had so happily lived, and where he had 
hoped to die, was now another's dwelling place, and he was a wanderer. 

On the next day after his release, he went at once to his tribe and 
his lodge. His wife was yet living, and with her he passed the remainder 
of his days. To his credit it may be said that Black Hawk always re- 
mained true to his wife, and served her with a devotion uncommon among 
the Indians, living with her upward of forty years. 

Black Hawk now passed his time hunting and fishing. A deep mel- 
ancholy had settled over him from which he could not be freed. At all 
times when he visited the whites he was received with marked atten- 
tion. He was an honored guest at the old settlers' reunion in Lee County, 
Illinois, at some of their meetings, and received many tokens of esteem. 
In September, 1838, while on his way to Rock Island to receive his 
annuity from the Government, he contracted a severe cold which resulted 
in a fatal attack of bilious fever which terminated his life on October 3. 
His faithful wife, who was devotedly attached to him, mourned deeply 
during his sickness. After his death he was dressed in the uniform pre- 
sented to liim by the President while in Washington. He was buried iu 
a grave six feet in depth, situated upon a beautiful eminence. " The 



78 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 

body was placed in the middle of the grave, in a sitting posture, upon a 
seat constructed for the purpose. On his left side, the cane, given him 
by Henry Clay, was placed upright, with his right hand resting upon it. 
Many of the old warrior's trophies were placed in the grave, and some 
Indian garments, together with his favorite weapons."' 

No sooner was the Black Hawk war concluded than settlers began 
rapidly to pour into the northern parts of Illinois, and into Wisconsin, 
now free from Indian depredations. Chicago, from a trading post, had 
grown to a commercial center, and was rapidly coming into prominence. 
In 1835, the formation of a State Government in Michigan was discussed, 
but did not take active form until two years later, when the State became 
a part of the Federal Union. 

The main attraction to that portion of the Northwest lying west of 
Lake Michigan, now included in the State of Wisconsin, was its alluvial 
wealth. Copper ore was found about Lake Superior. For some time this 
region was attached to Michigan for judiciary purposes, but in 183(5 was 
made a territory, then including Minnesota and Iowa. The latter State 
was detached two years later. In 1848, Wisconsin was admitted as a 
State, Madison being made the capital. We have now traced the various 
divisions of the Northwest Territory (save a little in Minnesota) from 
the time it was a unit comprising this vast territory, until circumstances 
compelled its present division. 



CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 79 



CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 
AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 

We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, 
establish justice, irmire domestic tranquillity, provide for the common 
defense, promote the general ivelfare, and secure the blessings of liberty 
to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution 
for the United States of America. 

Article I, 

Section 1. All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in 
a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and 
House of Representatives. 

Sec. 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed of mem- 
bers chosen every second year by the people of the several states, and the 
electors in each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of 
the most numerous branch of the State Legislature. 

No person shall be a representative who shall not have attained to the 
age of twenty-five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United 
States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state in 
which he shall be chosen. 

Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the sev- 
eral states which maj^ be included within this Union, according to their 
respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole 
number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of 
years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. 
The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first 
meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subse- 
quent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The 
number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, 
but each state shall have at least one Representative ; and until such 
enumeration shall be made the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled 
to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plan- 
tations one, Connecticut five, New York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylva- 
nia eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten. North Carolina five, 
and Georgia three. 

When vacancies happen in the representation from any state, the 
Executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such 
vacancies. 

The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other 
officers, and shall have the sole power of impeachment. 

Sec. 3. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two 
Senators from each state, chosen by the Legislature thereof for six years ; 
and each Senator shall have one vote. 

Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first 
election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. 
The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expira- 



80 AJH) ITS AMENDJVIENTS. 

tion of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of the fourth 
year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year, so that 
one-third may be chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen by 
resignation or otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature of any state, 
the Executive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next 
meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such vacancies. 

No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age 
of thirty years and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and 
who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state for which he 
shall be chosen. 

The Vice-President of the United States shall be President of the 
Senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided. 

The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a President pro 
tempore, in the absence of the Vice-President, or when he shall exercise 
the office of President of the United States. 

The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When 
sitting for that purpose they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the 
President of the United States is tried the Chief Justice shall preside. 
And no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds 
of the members present. 

Judgment, in cases of impeachment, shall not extend further than to 
removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of 
honor, trust, or profit under the United States; but the party convicted 
shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment, 
and punishment according to law. 

Sec. 4. The times, places and manner of holding elections for Sen- 
ators and Representatives shall be prescribed in each state by the Legis- 
lature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter 
such regulations, except as to the places of choosing Senators. 

The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such 
meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by 
law appoint a different day. 

Sec. 5. Each house shall be the judge of the election, returns, and 
qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute 
a quorum to do business ; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to 
day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members 
in such manner and under such penalties as each house may provide. 

Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its 
members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds, 
expel a member. 

Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to 
time publish the same, excepting such parts as may, in their judgment, 
require secrecy ; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house 
on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered 
on the journal. 

Neither house, during the session of Congress, shall, without the 
consent of the other, adjourn for more than three daj's, nor to any other 
place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting. 

Sec. 6. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compen- 
sation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the 
treasury of the United States. They shall in all cases, except treason, 



CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 81 

felony, and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their 
attendance at the session of their respective houses, and in going to and 
returning from the same ; and for any speech or debate in either house 
they shall not be questioned in any other place. 

No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which he was 
elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United 
States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall 
have been increased during such time ; and no person holding any office 
under the United States, shall be a member of either house during his 
continuance in office. 

Sec. 7. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of 
Representatives ; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments 
as on other bills. 

Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and 
the Senate, shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President 
of the United States ; if he approve he shall sign it ; but if not he shall 
return it, with his objections, to that house in which it shall have origi- 
nated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and 
proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration two-thirds of that 
house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objec- 
tions, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if 
approved by two-thirds of that house, it shall become a law. But in all 
such cases the votes of both houses shall be determined by } eas and nays, 
and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered 
on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned 
by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted), after it shall have 
been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he 
had signed it, unless the Congress, by their adjournment, prevent its 
return, in which case it shall not be a law. 

Every order, resolution, or vote to which the concurrence of the 
Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a 
question of adjournment), shall be presented to the President of the 
United States, and before the same shall take effect shall be approved by 
him, 'or, being disapproved by him, shall be re-passed by two-thirds of 
the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules and lim- 
itations prescribed in the case of a bill. 

Sec. 8. The Congress shall have power — 

To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts, 
and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United 
States ; but all duties, imposts, and excises shall be uniform throughout 
the United States ; 

To borrow money on the credit of the United States ; 

To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several 
States, and with the Indian tribes ; 

To establish a uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on 
the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States ; 

To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and 
fix the standard of weights and measures ; 

To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and 
current coin of the United States; 

To establish post offices and post roads ; 



82 AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 

To promote the progress of sciences and useful arts, by securing, 
for limited times, to authors and inventors, the exclusive right to their 
respective writings and discoveries ; 

To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court ; 

To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high 
seas, and offenses against the law of nations ; 

To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules 
concerning captures on land and water ; 

To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that 
use shall be for a longer term than two years ; 

To provide and maintain a navy ; 

To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and 
naval forces ; 

To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the 
Union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions ; 

To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia, and 
for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the 
United States, reserving to the states respectively the appointment of the 
oificers, and the authority of training the militia according to the disci- 
pline prescribed by Congress ; 

To exercise legislation in all cases whatsoever over such district (not 
exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular states, and the 
acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the government of the United 
States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the 
consent of the Legislature of the state in which the same shall be, for 
the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock yards, and other needful 
buildings ; and 

To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying 
into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this 
Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any depart- 
ment or officer thereof. 

Sec. 9. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the 
states now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited 
by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, 
but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten 
dollars for each person. 

The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, 
unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may 
require it. 

No bill of attainder or ex 2Jost facto law shall be passed. 

No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion 
to the census or enumeration hereinbefore directed to be taken. 

No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any state. 

No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or rev- 
enue to the ports of one state over those of another; nor shall vessels 
bound to or from one state be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in 
another. 

No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in consequence of 
appropriations made by law ; and a regular statement and account of 
the receipts and expeditures of all public money shall be published from 
time to time. 



CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 83 

No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States : and no 
person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the 
consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or title 
of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign state. 

Sec. 10. No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confeder- 
ation ; grant letters of marque and reprisal ; coin money ; emit bills of 
credit ; make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of 
debts ; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the 
obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility. 

No state shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts 
or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary 
for executing its inspection laws, and the net produce of all duties and 
imposts laid by any state on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the 
Treasury of the United States ; and all such laws shall be subject to the 
revision and control of the Congress. 

No state shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty on 
tonnage, keep troops or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any 
agreement or compact with another state, or with a foreign power, or 
engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will 
not admit of delay. 

Article II. 

Section 1. The Executive power shall be vested in a President of 
the United States of America. He shall hold his office during the term 
of four years, and, together with the Vice-President chosen for the same 
term, be elected as follows : 

Each state shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof 
may direct, a number of Electors, equal to the whole number of Senators 
and Representatives to which the state may be entitled in the Congress ; 
but no Senator or Representative, or person holding an office of trust or 
profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector. 

[*The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by 
ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be an inhabitant of 
the same state with themselves. And they shall make a list of all the 
persons voted for, and of the number of votes for each ; which list they 
shall sign and certify, and transmit, sealed, to the seat of the government 
of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The Pres- 
ident of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Rep- 
resentatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. 
The person having the greatest number of votes shall be the President, 
if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed ; 
and if there be more than one who have such majority, and have an equal 
number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately 
choose by ballot one of them for President ; and if no person have a ma- 
jority, then from the five highest on the list the said House shall in like 
manner choose the President. But in choosing the President, the vote 
shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one 
vote ; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members 
from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be 
liecessary to a choice. In every case, after the choice of the President, 

* This clause between.brackets has been superseded and annulled by the Twelfth.amendment. 



84 AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 

the person having the greatest number of votes of the Electors shall be 
the Vice-President. But if there should remain two or more who have 
equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the Vice-Presi- 
dent.] 

The Congress may determine the time of choosing the Electors, and 
the day on which they shall give their votes ; which day shall be the same 
throughout the United States. 

No person except a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the United 
States at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible 
to the office of President ; neither shall any person be eligible to that 
office who shall not have attained the age of thirty-five years, and been 
fourteen years a resident within the United States. 

In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, 
resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said 
office, the same shall devolve on the Vice-Puesident, and the Congress 
may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inabil- 
ity, both of the President and Vice-President, declaring what officer shall 
then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the dis- 
ability be removed, or a President shall be elected. 

The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a com- 
pensation which shall neither be increased nor diminished during tlie 
period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive 
within that period any other emolument from the United States or any of 
them. 

Before he enters on the execution of his office, he shall take the fol- 
lowing oath or affirmation : 

" I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the 
office of President of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, 
preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States." 

Sec. 2. The President shall be commander in chief of the army and 
navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several states, when 
called into the actual service of the United States; he ma}' require the 
opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive 
departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective 
offices, and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardon for offenses 
against the United States, exoept in cases of impeachment. 

He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the 
Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present con- 
cur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the advice of the Senate, 
shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of 
the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States whose 
appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be 
established by law ; but the Congress may by law vest the appointment 
of such inferior officers as they think proper in the President alone, in 
the courts of law, or in the heads of departments. 

The President shall have power to fill up all vacancies that may 
happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which 
shall expire at the end of their next session. 

Sec. 3. He shall from time to time give to the Congress information 
of the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such mea- 
sures as he shall judge necessary and expedient ; he may on extraordinary 



CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 85 

occasions convene both houses, or either of them, and in case of disagree- 
ment between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may 
adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper ; he shall receive 
ambassadors and other public ministers ; he shall take care that the laws be 
faithfully executed, and shall commission all the officers of the United 
States. 

Sec. 4. The President, Vice-President, and all civil officers of the 
United States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and con- 
viction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. 

Article III. 

Section I. The judicial power of the United States shall be vested 
in one Supreme Court, and such inferior courts as the Congress may from 
time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the Supreme and 
inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior, and shall, at 
stated times, receive for their services a compensation, which shall not be 
diminished during their continuance in office. 

Sec. 2. The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and 
equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and 
treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority ; to all cases 
affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls ; to all cases of 
admiralty and maritime jurisdiction ; to controversies to which the United 
States shall be a party ; to controversies between two or more states ; 
between a state and citizens of another state ; between citizens of differ- 
ent states ; between citizens of the same state claiming lands under grants 
of different states, and between a state or the citizens thereof, and foreign 
states, citizens, or subjects. 

In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls, 
and those in which a state shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have 
original jurisdiction. 

In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall 
have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions 
and under such regulations as the Congress shall make. 

The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by 
jury ; and such trial shall be held in the state where the said crimes shall 
have been committed ; but when not committed within an}^ state, the 
trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have 
directed. 

Sec. 3. Treason against the United States shall consist only in levy- 
ing war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid 
and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the tes- 
timony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open 
court. 

The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, 
but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, 
except during the life of the person attainted. 

Article IV. 

Section 1. Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the 
public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. And 



8G AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 

the Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which sach 
acts, records, and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof. 

Sec. 2. The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privilegec 
and immunities of citizens in the several states. 

A person charged in any state witli treason, felony, or other crime, 
who shall flee from justice and be found in another state, shall, on demand 
of the executive authority of the state from which he fled, be delivered 
up, to be removed to the state having jurisdict'.on of the crime. 

No person held to service or labor in one state, under the laws thereof 
escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation 
therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered 
up on the claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. 

Sec. 3. New states may be admitted by the Congress into this Union ; 
but no new state shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any 
other state ; nor any state be formed by the junction of two or more states, 
or parts of states, without the consent of the Legislatures of the states 
concerned, as well as of the Congress. 

The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful 
rules and regulations respecting the territor}^ or other property belonging 
to the United States ; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed 
as to prejudice any claims of tlie United States or of any particular state. 

Sec. 4. The United States shall guarantee to every state in this 
Union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them 
against invasion, and on application of the Legislature, or of the Execu- 
tive (when the Legislature can not be convened), against domestic vio- 
lence. 

Article V. 

The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it 
necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the ap- 
plication of the Legislatures of two-thirds of the several states, shall call 
a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be 
valid to all intents and purposes as part of this Constitution, when rati- 
fied by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several states, or by con- 
ventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratifi- 
cation may be proposed by the Congress. Provided that no amendment 
which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and 
eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth 
section of the first article ; and that no state, without its consent, whall 
be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate. 

Article VL 

All debts contracted and engagements entered into before the adop- 
tion of this Constitution shall be as valid against the United States under 
this Constitution as under the Confederation. 

This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be 
made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be made, 
under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the 
land ; and the Judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in 
the Constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding. 

The Senators and Represeutatives before mentioned, and the mem- 

7 



CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 



87 



bers of the several state Legislatures, and all executive and judicial offi- 
cers, both of the United States and of the several states, shall be bound 
by oath or affirmation to support this Constitution ; but no religious test 
shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under 
the United States. 

Article VII. 

The ratification of the Conventions of nine states shall be sufficient 
for the establishment of this Constitution between the states so ratifying 
the same. 

Done in convention by the unanimous consent of the states present, the 
seventeenth day of September, in the j'ear of our Lord one thousand 
seven hundred and eighty-seven, and of the independence of the 
United States of America the twelfth. In witness whereof we have 
hereunto subscribed our names. 

GEO. WASHINGTON, 
President and Deputy from Virginia. 



New Hampshire. 
John Langdon, 
Nicholas Gilman. 

Massachusetts. 
Nathaniel Gorham, 
RuFus King. 

Connecticut. 
Wm. Sam'l Johnson, 
Roger Sherman. 



Delaware. 
Geo. Read, 
John Dickinson, 
Jaco. Broom, 
Gunning Bedford, Jr., 
Richard Bassett. 

Maryland. 
James M' Henry, 
Danl. Carroll, 
Dan. of St. Thos. Jenifer. 



New York. 
Alexander Hamilton. 

New Jersey. 
WiL. Livingston, 
Wm. Paterson, 
David Brearley, 
Jona. Dayton. 



Virginia. 
John Blair, 
James Madison, Jr. 

North Carolina. 
Wm. Blount, 
Hu. Williamson, 
Rich'd Dobbs Spaight. 



Pennsylvania. 
B. Franklin, 
RoBT. Morris, 
Thos. Fitzsevions, 
James Wilson, 
Thos. Mifflin, 
Geo. Clymer, 
Jared Ingersoll, 
Gouv. Morris. 



South Carolina. 
J. Rutledge, 
Charles Pinckney, 
Chas. Cotesworth Pinckney, 
Pierce Butler. 

Georgia. 
William Few, 
Abr. Baldwin. 

WILLIAM JACKSON, Secretary. 



38 AND ITS AJMENDMENTS. 



Articles in Addition to and Amendatory of the Constitution 
OF THE United States of America. 

Proposed hy Congress and ratified hj the Legislatures of the several states, 
pursuant to the fifth article of the original Constitution. 

Article I. 

Conoress shall make no law respecting an establishment cf religion, 
or prohibitin<^ the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of 
speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, 
and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. 

Article II. 
A well reo-ulated militia being necessary to the security of a free 
state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infrmged. 

Article III. 
No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without 
the consent of the owner, nor in time of war but in a manner to be pre- 
scribed by law. 

Article I v. 

The ricrht of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, 
and effectslio-ainst unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be vio- 
lated ; and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by 
oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be isearched 
and the persons or things to be seized. 

Article V. 

No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous 
crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except m 
cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia when m actual 
service in time of war or public danger ; nor shall any person be subiect 
for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of lite or imb ; nor shall 
be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himse t, nor be 
deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor 
chall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. 

Article VI. 
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a 
Bpeedy and public trial, bv an impartial jury of the state and district 
wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have 
been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and 
cause of the accusation ; to be confronted with the witnesses against liim; 
to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his iavor ; and to 
have the assistance of counsel for his defense. 

Article VII. 
In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed 
twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no lact 



CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 89 

tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of the United 
States than according to the rules of the common law. 

Article VIII. 

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, 
nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. 

Article IX. 

The enumeration, in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be 
construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. 

Article X. 

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, 
nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, 
or to the people. 

Article XI. 

The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to 
extend to any suit in law or equity commenced or prosecuted against one 
of the United States by citizens of another state, or by citizens or sub- 
jects of any foreign state. 

Article XII. 

The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot 
for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an 
inhabitant of the same state with themselves ; they shall name in their 
ballots the person to be voted for as president, and in distinct ballots the 
person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of 
all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice- 
President, and of the number of votes for each, which list they shall sign 
and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United 
States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of tlie 
Senate shall, in presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, 
open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person 
having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the President, 
if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed ; 
and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the 
highest nunlber not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as 
President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by 
ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be 
taken by States, the representation from each state having one vote; a 
quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two- 
thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to 
a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a Presi- 
dent whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the 
fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as 
President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of 
the President. Tlie person having the greatest number of votes as Vice- 
President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be the majority 
of the whole number of electors appointed, and if no person have a major- 



90 AND ITS AMENDMENTS. 

ity, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose 
the Vice-President ; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds 
of the whole number of Senators, and a majorit}' of the whole number 
shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible 
to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the 
United States. 

Article XIII. 

Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a 
punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, 
shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their juris- 
diction. 

Sec. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appro- 
priate legislation. 

Article XIV. 

Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States and 
subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States, and 
of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law 
which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United 
States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, 
without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction 
the equal protection of the laws. 

Sec. 2. Representatives shall be appointed among the several states 
according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of per- 
sons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed ; but when the right to 
vote at any election for the choice of Electors for President and Vice- 
President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the execu- 
tive and judicial officers of a state, or the members of the Legislature 
thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such state, being 
twenty-one years of age and citizens of the United States, or in any way 
abridged except for participation in rebellion or other crimes, the basis of 
representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the num- 
ber of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens 
twenty-one years of age in such state. 

Sec. 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, 
or Elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or 
military, under the United States, or under any state, w)io, having previ- 
ously taken an oath as a Member of Congress, or as an officer ot" the 
United States, or as a member of any state Legislature, or as an execu- 
tive or judicial officer of any state to support the Constitution of the 
United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the 
same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may, 
by a vote of two-thirds of each house, remove such disability. 

Sec. 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States author- 
ized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and boun- 
ties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be ques- 
tioned. But neither the United States nor any state shall pay any debt 
or obligation incurred in the aid of insurrection or rebellion against the 
United States, or any loss or emancipation of any slave, but such debts, 
obligations, and claims shall be held illegal and void. 



CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. 

Article XV. 



91 



Section 1. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not 
be denied or abridged by the United States, or by any State, on account of race, 
color, or previous condion of servitude. 




PERRY'S MONUMENT. CLEVELAND, OHIO. 

On Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railway. 



PART II. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 



HI8T0EY OF OHIO. 



IT is not our province in a volume of this description, to delineate the chronol- 
ogy of prehistoric epochs, or to dwell at length upon those topics pertaining 
to the scientific causes which tended to the formation of a continent, undiscov- 
ered for centuries, by the wisdom and energy of those making a history of the 
Old World, by the advancement of enlightenment in tne Eastern Hemisphere. 
Naturally, the geological formation of the State of Ohio cannot be entirely 
separated from focts relative to the strata, which, in remote ages accumulated 
one layer above the other, and finally constituted a "built-up" America, from 
a vast sea. The action of this huge body of water washed sediment and what- 
ever came in its way upon primitive rocks, which were subjected to frequent 
and repeated submersions, emerging as the water subsided, .thus leaving a 
stratum or layer to solidify and mark its number in the series — a system of 
growth repeated in trees of the forest — in those descernible rings that count so 
many years. The southeastern part of North America emerging a second 
time from the Silurian Sea, which extended west to the Rocky Mountains and 
north to the primitive hills of British America, a succession of rock -bound, 
salt-water lakes remained. These covered a large portion of the continent, and 
their water evaporating, organic and mineral matter remained to solidify. This 
thick stratum has been designated by geologists as the water-lime layer. This 
constitutes the upper layer of rock in the larger portion of the west half of 
Ohio. In other sections it forms the bed rock. 

Following the lime-rock deposit, must have been more frequent sweeps of 
the great sea, since the layers are comparatively thin, proving a more speedy 
change. During this scientific rising and falling of the sea, other actions were 
taking place, such as volcanic and other influences Avhich displaced the regular- 
ity of the strata, and occasionally came out in an upheaval or a regular perpen- 
dicular dip. A disturbance of this character formed the low mountain range 
extending from the highlands of Canada to the southern boundary of Tennes- 
see. This "bulge" is supposed to be the consequence of the cooling of the 
earth and the pressure of the oceans on either side of the continent. Geolo- 
gists designate this as the Cincinnati arch. This forms a separation between 
the coal fields of the Alleffhanies and those of Illinois. 

Passing over several periods, we reach the glacial, during which the topog- 
raphy of the continent was considerably modified, and which is among the 
latest epochs of geology, though exceedingly remote as compared with human 



94 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

history. Previously, a torrid heat prevailed the entire Northern hemisphere. 
.Now the temperature of the frigid zone crept southward until it reached Cincin- 
nati. A vast field of ice, perhaps hundreds of feet thick, extended from the 
north pole to this point. As this glacial rigor came southward, the flow of 
the St. Lawrence River was stopped, and the surplus water of the great lake 
basin was turned into the Ohio and ^Mississippi. This glacial sea was by no 
means stationary even after its southern limit had been reached. It possessed 
the properties of a solid and a fluid. Its action was sIoav but powerful, grind- 
ing mountains to powder and forming great valleys and basins. Sej>arating 
into two glacial portions, one moved toward the watershed north of the Ohio 
River ; and, continuing westerly, it hollowed out the basin of Lake Erie and 
crushed the apex of the Cincinnati arch. From this point, it turned south- 
ward and swept with a regular course through the Maumee and Miami Valleys 
to the Ohio River. The southern border constantly melting, and flowing toward 
the Gulf of Mexico, the great field was pressed forward by the accumulations 
of ice in the northern latitudes. Thus for ages, this powerful force was fitting 
the earth for the habitation of man. The surface was leveled, hug-e rocks 
broken and reduced to pebbles, sand, clay, etc., other soil and surface-material — 
while the debris was embedded at the bottom. In some sections, as tlie ice 
melted and freed the bowlders and rocks, the lighter material was swept away. 
The glacier moving forward, and the forces proving an " equilibrium," the 
edge of this ice-field was held in a solid stronghold, and the material thus de- 
posited forms a ridge, called by geologists "terminal moraine," first exemplified 
in Ohio by the "Black Swamp," in the Maumee Valley. 

The most extreme rigor of this period beginning to Avane, the ice of the 
Maumee and Miami Valleys began to move slowly forward, toward the north, 
reaching the points now termed Hudson, Mich.; Fort Wayne, Ind., and Kenton, 
Ohio — reaching somewhat further south than Lima and Van Wert. The edge of 
the glacier was defined in outline by the present western border of Lake Erie, and 
parallel Avith it. Climatic influences " acting and counteracting," the glacial 
force was concentrated, the Maumee Valley being subjected to a grinding proc- 
ess, and a deposit of material going on, which now forms the boundary of the 
"Black Swamp." As our readers are aware, the waters of the St. Joseph and 
St. Mary's meet at Fort Wayne, and their united waters form the Maumee ; 
thence the turn is northwest, and, wearing an outlet through the ridge, it 
reaches the head of Lake Erie. 

The torrid zone yet gaining the ascendency, the ice-fields continuing tlieir 
reverse motion, and retreating toward the north, the basin of the great lakes 
was formed ; and the blocks of ice melting therein, a vast sea of fresh water was 
formed, which gradually overflowed a portion of Canada and MichigaUo But 
the St. Lawrence, that important outlet, was under the restraint of an ice 
blockade, and the surplus Avater of the fresh sea Avas turned into the Ohio and 
and Mississippi. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 95 

Later, mountains of ice-float were drifted from the north by winds and cur- 
rents, into temperate latitudes, and melting, deposited rocks, stones and general 
debris. Following the iceberg-drift, came the permanent elevation above the ocean- 
level. The St. Lawrence outlet was formed. The inland sea was assuming its 
division into lakes. The united Avaters of Erie and Huron flowed throuorh the 
Wabash Valley and into the Ohio, until, through some agency, that section was 
dry, and the lakes drained in another direction. The action of the glacial 
period in the Erie basin vicinity created what is known as the " Niagara lime- 
stone," by grinding upper strata and drifting the debris elsewhere. This seems 
to have occurred at intervals, exposures being made in Seneca, Sandusky and 
Wood Counties, and beneath the axis of the Cincinnati arch. Oriskany lime- 
stone is also available in another stratum, which has been brought to the surface. 
Again, there is a carboniferous stratum of limestone, and along the Maumee is 
a thin exposure of the Hamilton limestone and shale. 

* A glacier having both fluid and solid properties, it Avill readily be compre- 
hended that obdurate projections of rock resisted its action, and created currents 
in other directions, for its forces. When this specified epocli had ceased to be, 
Ohio was a rough, irregular and crude mixture of ridges and knobs and pinnacles, 
which were " leveled up " and finished by iceberg-drift and inland-sea deposits. 
This settled and accumulated, and the work of hundreds of years produced a 
beautiful surface, its inequalities overcome, the water having receded and " terra 
firma" remaining. A deep bed of clay, sufficiently compact to hold the germs 
of organic matter, and sufficiently porous to absorb moisture, was especially 
adapted to encourage the growth of vegetation. These seeds had been brought 
by the winds and waves and natural agencies, and now began to produce plants 
and shrubs, which withered to enrich the soil, after scattering broadcast seeds 
that would again perpetuate verdure. Worms, land crabs and burrowing ani- 
mals assisted in the creation of soil, while the buffalo, deer and bear followed, 
as soon as forestry appeared. Decomposed foliage and fallen timber aided in 
the great work of preparing the present State of Ohio for the habitation of man. 
Prairie, marsh, forest, rivers and lakes were formed, which, in turn, were modi- 
fied and prepared for a grand destiny by other influences. 

In glancing over the compiled histories of Ohio, those containing details of 
her early struggles, afliictions and triumphs, we are especially impressed with 
its near and sympathetic relation with the great Northwest, and the republic of 
the United States of America. From the early years when white men built 
their rude cabins in the then tangled wilderness, to the opulent and ma2;nificent 
present of this united nation, Ohio has been stanch, loyal and earnest, both 
in action and principle. 

We shall endeavor to trace the history of the State concisely and accurately, 
according to the data given by the most reliable historians. We are obliged to 
glean the prominent events only, our space being limited, compared with the 
multitudinous interests connected with this important part of the United States. 



9(5 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

FRENCH HISTORY. 

All through early French history, is the fact especially prominent, that in 
their explorations and expeditions, they united piety and business. They were 
zealous in sending out their missionaries, but they were always attended by 
traders and those who were as skilled in the world's profit and loss, as their 
companions were in propagating Christianity. 

Prior to the landing of the Pilgrim Fathers upon Plymouth Rock, the 
Upper Lakes Avere visited by the French, and records prove that during the first 
half of the seventeenth century, a vagabondish set, working in the interests of 
the fur company of New France, understood the geographical position of the 
lakes and their tributary streams. M. Perrot, an intelligent explorer, made 
overtures of peace to the Indian tribes around these bodies of water, and 
efiiected a treaty, which, it is claimed, established the right for the French, in 
the name of their king, to hold the place near St. Mary's Falls. They further 
assert that the Mississippi was discovered by the French from Lake Superior, 
but this is not authenticated, and Father Marquette and ]\L Joliet are accepted 
as the first who found this large stream, in 1763. The good missionary won 
his way with his patient and sympathetic nature. 

Ohio was, like the other portions of the West, originally in the possession 
of aborigines or Lidians. Of their origin, many suppositions are ad\anced, 
but no certainties sustained. From practical evidences, the jNIound-Builders 
were active in Ohio, and here as" elsewhere, their work marked retrogression 
rather than advancement. The territory of Ohio was claimed by the French, 
and included in that wide tract between the Alleghanies and the Rockies, held 
by them under the name of Louisiana. Before the year 1750, a French trad- 
inof-post was established at the mouth of the Wabash, and communication Avas 
established between that point and the ]Maumee, and Canada. Between the 
years 1678 and 1682, the intrepid La Salle and Father Hennepin, assisted by 
Fondi, an Italian, with a small band of followers, inaugurated a series of 
explorations about the great lakes and the Mississippi, building forts on their 
way and planting the French priority. In 1680, La Salle erected a stockade at 
the foot of the rapids of the Maumee, which was a general rendezvous for mission- 
aries, traders and explorers, besides constituting a primitive "stock exchange." 

The English colonies were at this time east of the Alleghanies, while the 
French were establishing themselves west of this range, gaining an entrance 
north and south, the tAvo portions separated by hostile and barbarous foes. 
La Salle's spirit of adventure led him into new fields, but Father Hennepin 
Avas detailed to investigate that part of the world noAV known as the State of 
Ohio. The records assert that he published a volume containing an account of 
his observations "in the country betAveen New Mexico and the frozen ocean," 
in 1684, together Avitli ma]is of Lakes Erie, Huron and Michigan, and a plat 
of the larger streams in Ohio. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 97 

Apparently, the French more speedily comprehended the value of their 
advantages in the New World than'the English, and vigorously inaugurated and 
sustained commercial and religious projects. They were essentially benefited 
by the mediation of the Catholic priests between settlers and Indians, this 
really earnest class everywhere ingratiating themselves with the savages. The 
Order of Jesuits were very vigorous, and representatives were stationed at every 
trading-post, village and settlement. The English colonists engaged mostly in 
agriculture, while the French took a lively interest in the fur trade with the 
natives, probably from their former settlement in Quebec and thereabouts, where 
the climate is advantageous for this business. This added to the influence of 
the priests, and the natural assimilation of French and the Indians, through 
the tact and amiability of the former, the French possessions gained more 
rapidly than the English or Spanish. They courted their daughters and 
married them. They engaged in feasts and trades, and took advantage of 
those unimpeded times to extend their dominion with surprising celerity. A 
chain of trading, missionary and military posts extended from New Orleans to 
Quebec, by way of the Mississippi and Illinois Rivers, thence via Mackinaw and 
Detroit to Lakes Erie and Ontario. This route was shortened thereafter by 
following the Ohio River to the Wabash, folloAving the latter upward, and 
down the Maumee to Lake Erie. 

About the same time, and to check the advancement of the French, the 
Ohio Company was formed by the English. This was an outgrowth of the 
contest between these two nations for the ascendency, whether empire, settle- 
ment or individual. After thirty years' peace between these two nations, 
"King George's War" opened the campaign in 1744, but terminated in 1748, 
the treaty at Aix-la-Chapelle unfortunately omitting a settlement of any division 
of claims in America. The English, French and Spanish were the first to 
enter America, and the right of possession by each monarch or empire Avas 
held by right of a first discovery. The only right that England could advance 
regarding Ohio was that the portion of the Six Nations found in the Ohio 
Valley had placed some of their lands under British jurisdiction, and that other 
portions had been purchased at Lancaster, Penn., by means of a treaty with 
the same nations. All this was strenuously denied and ignored by the French. 
Thus several conflicting influences swept carnage over fair Ohio. The Indians were 
allied to one side and the other, and were against each other. The Indians and 
French would advance against the English, and they, in retaliation, would 
make a raid into the Indian territory and overcome a French settlement. 
Whenever they could as well, Indians would take the cause in their own keep- 
ing and fight each other. The wide, verdant fields of Ohio were drenched 
ghastly red under a glowing sun, and the great forests echoed moans from the 
dying and distressed. The English colonists had partially overcome their 
deprivation, caused by a struggle for subsistence, and means to guard against 
the savages — this distress augmented by campaigns against Canada — by their 



98 HISTORY OF THE ST.ITE OF OHIO. 

increased numbers and wealth, but were now alarmed by the French rule in 
America, which gained so rapidly, unmolested as it was by Indian raids and 
other devastating circumstances. A constant conflict was going on between 
Lake Erie and the U})per Ohio. Atrocities and massacres were committed 
indiscriminately, which opened the Avay for a desperate class of marauders and 
villains from the colonies and European States. These people enlisted with 
the Indians on either side for the purpose of leadership and plunder. Every 
fortification, trading-post and settlement was garrisoned or deserted, and the 
ground between the Alleghanies and the Maumee became a conflict field, rife 
with thrilling deeds, sacrifice and adventures, the half never having been 
chronicled, and many heroes falling uncrowned by even a lasting memory, since 
during these times the people kept few annals, and cared less for historical 
memories than anything on earth. They were living, and dying, and struggling, 
and that was more than they could carry through safely. The French formed 
a road from the Ohio River to Detroit, via the foot of the Lower Rapids of the 
Maumee, and the foot of the Lower Rapids of the Sandusky. 

The Ohio Com])any obtained a charter under English views, from the 
British Government, with a grant of 6,000 acres of land on the Ohio. The 
English now reverted to the times of the Cabots, and protested that by right 
they held the entire country between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, bounded 
by those parallels of latitude defining their Atlantic coast settlements. France 
claimed the region drained by the Mississippi and tributaries, the great lakes 
and their tributaries, the area being Avest of the Alleghanies. Ohio was thus 
included in the disputed tract. 

The Ohio Company was formed in 1748, by a number of Virginians and 
Londoners, two brothers of George Washington taking conspicuous parts in the 
movement ; Thomas Lee was especially active. When the surveys were begun, 
the Governor of Canada entered vigorous protests, and indicated his displeasure 
by a prompt line of posts from Erie to Pittsburgh, named respectively, Presque 
Isle, Le Boeuf, Vedango, Kittaning and Du Quesne. The latter was begun 
by the English, captured by the French, and by them completed. 

The first English settlement of which we can find traces was a block-house 
at Piqua, about the year 1752. It was attacked, and a bitter struggle ensued, 
resulting in the death of fourteen of the assailants. Those within the garrison 
suffered severely, many being burned, and the remainder captured and dis- 
patched to Canada. 

In 1753, the French and Indian war actively began. It did not extend 
beyond the American continent until 1756, when the home governments took 
an interest in its progress beyond encouraging their respective colonists to pur- 
sue the war-path to a direful finale for their adversaries. For four years, the 
French captured and conquered, spreading terror wherever they went, and 
they followed every Englishman that set his foot on Ohio soil to the death. 
We may state that these people had not retained their civilized habits, and 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 99 

constant association with savages had embued them with barbarous methods of 
warfare which were sickening and revolting to the English, and to which they 
could not resort. It is highly probable that French success was vastly brought 
about by these means, together with the assistance of their Indian allies. In 
1758, when the English hope was almost exterminated, the elder Pitt being 
placed at the head of the administration, a new and .energetic system was 
inaugurated, wise measures instituted, and military science triumphed over 
savage cunning and French intrigue. The first brilliant English achievement 
was the conquest of Canada. When the home governments interfered, the 
war assumed the character of a French and English conflict, regardless of 
Indian right, yet the tribes continued to participate in the carnage. 

A certain Christian, Frederick Post, a Moravian missionary, located upon 
the Muskingum, near Beavertown. Heckewelder consented to become his 
associate. The Indians receiving them kindly, under conditions that Post 
should serve as tutor, this missionary began clearing a field for the purpose of 
planting corn for sustenance. This did not accord with Indian logic. They 
had stipulated that he teach and he Avas planting corn, Avhich to them was a 
signal of the coming of other whites, the building of a fort and encroachments 
upon the Indians. They referred to the French priests, who were in good 
physical condition, did not till land, but were in charge of the Great Spirit 
who provided for them, a conclusive proof to them that when divine work was 
acceptable to the Great Spirit, priests were somehow sustained by other than 
the plans which disturbed their great hunting-grounds. However, they 
allowed him a small space, and he remained with them, preaching and teaching 
during the summer of 1762, when, accompanied by one of the principal chiefs, 
he returned to Lancaster, Penn., where a treaty was concluded. On his return 
to his post, he was met by Heckewelder, who imparted the tidings that friendly 
Indians had warned him that the war was about to sweep over their section, 
and destruction awaited them if they remained. The mission was accordingly 
abandoned. This failure was not so bitter as the English effort to sustain their 
trading-post in 1749, on the Great Miami, afterward called Laramie's store. 
It pursued a feeble existence until 1752, when a French raid upon the Twig- 
twees and English colonists proved fatal. 

A European treaty now excluded the French from any rights to make 
treaties with the Indians, and the English, in their flush of victory after Pitt's 
succession, assumed the authority over Indians and lands. The savages did 
not accept the situation with anything resembling the gentle spirit of resigna- 
tion, and the Ottawa chief, Pontiac, led the several tribes into a general war 
against the intruders. It was no longer French and English, but Indian and 
English, the former being instigated and assisted many times by the French, 
now desperate and unscrupulous in a mad spirit for revenge. 

The intention of the Indians was to drive the whites east of the mountains, 
destroying their numerous strongholds in Pennsylvania and Virginia, if they 



100 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

failed in their hope of utterly exterminating them, Pontiac had effected a 
consolidation of the tribes ranging from Mackinaw to North Carolina, thus 
being enabled to . swoop down upon all the settlements simultaneously. A 
deadly beginning was made in the Ohio Valley, and only two or three English 
traders escaped out of the one hundred and twenty located in that vicinity. 
The forts at Presque Isle, St. Joseph and Mackinaw, were captured amid scenes 
of slaughter too terrible to perpetuate in description. The years 1763 and 
1764 were literally drenched in human carnage and anguish. Ohio was a 
great field of crime, murder, pain and horror. The expeditions of Bradstreet 
and Bouquet crushed the war in 1764, and Pontiac with his Ottawas removed 
to the Maumee and settled. English settlement now progressed with great 
rapidity, but this was destined to be disturbed in 1774, by the action of Lord 
Dunmore, who led an expedition against the tribes of the Ohio country, termi- 
nated by his treaty on the Scioto plains. At this period, the colonists were not 
in strict harmony with England, and the spirit of revolution was spreading 
every day. 

When Lord Dunmore made his treaty, the affirmation was made and gained 
ground that he, being a thorough loyalist, had compromised under such terms 
as held the Indians British allies against the settlers. Directly following this 
treaty, was the deliberate murder of a number of Indians, near Wheeling, 
including the family of the great chief, Logan — which inaugurated retaliating 
atrocities. 

In the year 1781, April 16, the first white child was born within the pres- 
ent limits of Ohio, and was christened Mary Heckewelder, daughter of a Mora- 
vian missionary. All the settlers of these Moravian towns on the Muskingum 
were made prisoners in September of the same year. Heckwelder . was trans- 
ported to Detroit, but English tyrann}^ failed to find any evidence against him 
or his colaborers, and they were reluctantly released, and returned to their fam- 
ilies in Sandusky. Poverty added to their sufferings, and in the forlorn 
hope of finding a remnant of their property at the old settlements, which might 
assist in mitigating their necessities, they Avearily went thitherward. They 
began gathering their grain, but the Wyandots attacked them, and many lives 
were lost. Frontiersmen had also grown jealous of them, and a body of about 
ninety marched out together, for the fiendish purpose of pillaging, slaughtering 
and laying waste all Moravian toAvns and posts. With the wily insidiousness of 
savages, they went about their diabolical plan. The Moravians were cordial and 
bade this band welcome, when they reached their towns in the guise of friend- 
ship. Williamson, the leader, and the gleaners, were called from the fields, 
when, to the dismay of these trusting and frank people, they were all bound, 
and only fifteen out of the marauding band of ninety were in favor of even 
sparing the lives of these hapless men, Avomen and children. Forty men, 
twenty-tAvo women and thirty-four children were then cruelly and heartlessly 
murdered, their sufferings laughed to scorn, and the last sound that fell on their 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 101 

ears was exultant derision. It would seem that whatever the Indians left un- 
done, in the way of horror, in the State of Ohio, the whites improved upon, and 
blackened the pages of American history with deeds of blood. Succeeding this 
barbarity, was the expedition against Moravian Indian towns, upon the San- 
dusky. Not an Indian, whether an enemy or friend, old or young, male or 
female, was to escape the assault, including an extermination of the Moravian 
element. 

Col. William Crawford led the exjiedition, which counted 500 men, in their 
dastardly work. Warning had in some manner reached the towns, and 
the troops found them deserted. But the Indians were incensed, and 
their wrath had not driven them to hiding-places, but to a preparation to 
meet their foes. They fought desperately, and Crawford's troops were defeated 
and scattered, many being captured, and among them, Col. Crawford himself. 
It is hardly probable that Crawford could justly expect much mercy at the 
hands of his captors. Ilis battle-cry had been "no quarter," and yet he evi- 
dently hoped for some consideration, as he requested an interview with Simon 
Girty, who lived with and influenced the Indians. Accounts state that Craw- 
ford implored the aid of Girty, and at last secured a promise to use his power 
to obtain the Colonel's pardon. However, this was of no avail, and it is doubt- 
ful whether Girty was disposed to intercede. The prisoners were tortured and 
put to death, and Crawford's agonies were protracted as long as possible. Dr. 
Knight managed to disable the Indian who had him in charge, and made his 
escape to the settlements, where he related the result of the expedition and the 
tortures of the captured. 

On October 27, 1784, a treaty was concluded, at Fort Stanwix, with the 
sachems and warriors of the Mohawks, Onondagas, Senecas, Cayugas, Onei- 
das and Tuscarawas, and the Six Nations then ceded to the Colonial Govei-n- 
ment all claims to the country west of a line defined by the western boundary 
to the Ohio — thus rendering the Indian claim to a large portion of Ohio lands 
practically extinct. 

Although the French and Indian war was a series of heart-rending events, 
it was a serious and remarkable school of discipline for the untrained troops 
which soon engaged in the Revolutionary struggle. On the fields of Ohio, many 
valuable officers, who earned distinction in the war of independence, learned their 
first lessons in intrepid valor. 

During the Revolution, the colonial troops Avere engaged east of the moun- 
tains, and western settlements and frontier people were left alone to defend them- 
selves and their property against encroachments and attacks. 

The Indian tribes again became belligerent, and united with the English 
against the "Americans." The latter held a line of posts along the Upper 
Ohio, while the British were stationed in the old French strongholds on the 
lakes and the Mississippi. The unscrupulous whites and Indians ranged at ran- 
dom between this boundary and the Cuyahoga, thence southerly to the Ohio, 



102 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

thus including the Scioto and INIiami Valleys. Southeastern Ohio constituted 
*' the neutral ground." 

Gen. Clarke's expedition, although chiefly confined to Indiana and Illinois, 
greatly influenced the settlement of Ohio. His exploits and the resolution of 
his troops were chiefly instrumental in holding the country "vvest of the Alle- 
ghanies, and insuring its possession hy the United States during the Revolution. 
The British had been emphatic, in the Paris treaty, at the time of the settlement 
of the French and English difiiculties, in demanding the Ohio lliver as the 
northern boundary of the United States. The American Commissioners relied 
upon Gen. Clarke's valor and energy in holding the country "west of the Alle- 
ghanies, which he had conquered, and the British Commissioners were compelled 
to give their consent, under civil and military measures. In 1783, by the 
treaty of Paris, at the close of the Revolutionary war, the English relinquished 
all rights to the fertile territory between the Alleghanies and the Mississippi, 
and the United States held undisputed possession. 

January 10, 1786, Gens. Rufus Putnam and Benjamin Tupper circulated a 
pamphlet, proposing the formation of a company for the purpose of settling the 
Ohio lands, and soliciting the attention and consideration of all those desiring a 
future home and prosperity. A meeting was also called, to assemble during the 
following February, and select delegates to represent each county in Massachu- 
setts. These dignitaries should convene during the month of March, at the 
"Bunch of Grapes " tavern, in Boston, for the purpose of definitely forming the 
association, and adopting such measures as Avould benefit all directly interested. 
The meeting and " convention " followed, and the subscription books were opened. 
One million dollars, chiefly represented by Continental certificates, was the 
price of the land. The shares were valued at $1,000 each, and there was a 
division of a thousand shares. The first payment was to be $10 per share, this 
money to be set aside for such expenses as might accrue. A year's interest was 
to be devoted to the establishment of the settlement, and those families who 
were unable to incur the expense of moving were to be assisted. Those Avho 
purchased shares to the number of tAventy were entitled to a representation by 
an agent, who Avas permitted to vote for Directors. This plan matured and Avas 
acted upon during the folloAving year. It may be that the action of Connecti- 
cut, in ceding her territorial claims to the General Government, Avith few excep- 
tions, greatly encouraged this ncAV undertaking. That tract Avas, until recently, 
desiffnated the " Western Reserve " — an extent 170 miles from the western 
boundary of Pennsylvania, and parallel thereto, being reserved. 

On October 27, 1787, a contract Avas made betAveen the Board of the Treas- 
ury, for the United States, and Manasseh Cutler and Winthrop Sargent, agents 
for the Directors of the Ncav England Ohio Company, for the purchase of a tract 
of land, bounded by the Ohio, and from the mouth of the Scioto to the inter- 
section of the Avestern boundary of the seventh townships, then surveying ; 
thence by said boundary to the northern boundary of the tenth toAvnship from 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 103 

the Ohio ; thence, by a due west line, to the Scioto ; thence, by the Scioto, to 
the befTinninf:^. 

However fertile and attractive Ohio Avas known to have been, settlement did 
not gain rapidly after the close of the war with England, although the United 
States has gained her freedom. It was more than six years after Cornwallis. 
laid down his sword, before a white settlement Avas formed on the Ohio side of the 
river. The French and Indian war had incited the English to be jealous of her 
colonial conquests, and mistrusting their loyalty, they had, so soon as the French 
claims were annulled, taken measures to crush all colonial claims also, and a 
royal proclamation rescinded all colonial land grants and charters, holding all 
the country west of the sources of the Atlantic rivers under the protection and 
sovereignty of t!:e king of Great Britain, for the use of the Indians. All white 
persons were forbidden to remain or settle within the prescribed limits. Parlia- 
ment then attached this tract to Quebec, and the English Government felt assured 
that the thirteen colonies were restricted and held secure east of the Alleghanies. 

The result of the war between the colonies and England did not constitute 
an Indian treaty. Although England signed over her title and right, the sava- 
ges held the land and ignored all white agreements, one way or the other. 
Whenever an attempt at settlement was undertaken, Indian depredations proved 
disastrous. The tribes were encouraged by the English fur traders, and the 
English commandant at Detroit incited them to destroy all Americans who 
attempted to usurp the rights of red men. 

Added to this serious difficulty was the unsettled debate regarding State 
claims, which rendered a title precarious. A treaty, signed at Fort Mcintosh, 
previous to the war, and authenticated, shows that during the conflict the Dela- 
wares and Wyandots occupied the Indian and British frontier, on the southern 
shore of Lake Erie, from the Cuyahoga to the Maumee, and from the lake to 
the sources of its tributaries. Later, these two tribes ceded to the United 
States "the neutral ground," by warranty deed, and by quit-claim, the terri- 
tory south and west of the described tract, set apart for their use. 

By special measures, the grant of Congress in the matter of the Ohio Com- 
pany extended to nearly 5,000,000 acres, valued at ^3,500,000. The original 
Ohio Company obtained 1,500,000 acres, the remaining being reserved by indi- 
viduals, for private speculation. 

The same year. Congress appointed Arthur St. Clair, Governor, and Win- 
throp Sargent, Secretary, of the Territory. 

Fort Harmar had previously been builtj at the mouth of the Muskingum, 
and in 1788, a New England colony attempted the "Muskingum settlement," 
on the opposite side, which was afterward named iHfane^^a. In July, 1788, the 
Territorial officers were received in this village, and there established the first 
form of civil government, as set forth in the Ordinance of 1787. Three United 
States Judges were appointed, and Courts of Common Pleas, Probate and 
Justice were establisJied. 



104 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

If the stormy times were supposed to be of the past, that composure was 
rudely broken by the utter disregard of the Shawnee and other Indian tribes, 
who soon induced the Delawares and Wyandots to repudiate their consent in the 
matter of settlement. The miseries of frontier horrors were repeated. The 
British commandant at Detroit instigated many of these hostilities, yet the 
American Government took honorable action in assuring the English represent- 
ative that American military preparations in the West was not an expedition 
against Detroit, or other British possessions, although the possession of Detroit 
by that nation was in direct opposition to the treaty of 1783. Gov. St. Clair, 
to avert the direful consequences of a border war, dispatched a Frenchman, 
Gameline, to the principal Indian towns of the Wabash and Mauniee countries, 
to request them to meet the United States agents, and make a compromise for 
the benefit of both parties, at the same time reiterating the desire of the General 
Government to adhere to the Fort Ilarmar treaty. The Miamis, Shawnees, 
Ottawas, Kickapoos and DelaAvares received this representative kindly, but 
declined the wampum sent by the Governor, and deferred giving an answer 
until they had considered the subject with the " father at Detroit.'" 

Blue Jacket, chief of the Shawnees, informed the Frenchman that the Indi- 
ans doubted the sincerity of the Americans. The new settlement on the Ohio 
was a proof that the whites intended to crowd further and further, until the 
Indians were again and again robbed of their just right. Tie then emphatically 
asserted that unless the north side of the river was kept free from these inroads 
there could be no terms of peace with the Shawnees, and many other tribes. 

Blue Jacket was unusually intelligent and sagacious, and expressed himself 
eloquently. He was persistent in his determination to engage in the war of 
extermination, should the white settlements continue north of the Ohio. 

These overtures were continued, but they failed in producing any arrange- 
ment that permitted the whites to locate north of the Ohio. 

Congress called upon Kentucky and Pennsylvania to lend the aid of their 
militia. Gen. Ilarmar was instructed to destroy the Miami villages at the 
head of the Maumee. Late in the fall of 1790, he executed this order. 

The Indians had stored a large quantity of provisions, in expectation of a 
campaign, and this dependence was devastated. Without authority, and with 
undue carelessness, he divided his army and attempted to achieve other victo- 
ries. He more than lost what he had gained. Two raids upon the Wabash In- 
dians, thereafter, proved successful, but the campaign under Gov. St. Clair was 
not calculated to establish peace or obtain power, and was deemed but little less 
than a failure. 

The year 1792 was a series of skiraiishes, so far as a settlement was con- 
cerned, but 1793 succeeded well enough to convene a meeting of United States 
Commissioners and representatives of the hostile tribes, at the rapids of the 
Maumee. It is highly probable that a satisfactory treaty might have been 
arrano;ed, had it not been for the intervention and malicious influence of the 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 105 

British Superintendent of Indian Affairs, Col. McKee, his assistant Capt. 
Elliott, and the notorious Capt. Simon Girty, who instigated the savages to 
deeds more horrible than their own barbarisms. 

It was evident that a severe struggle must ensue, and Capt, Wayne, in 
1792, appointed to the command of the Western army, was called upon to con- 
duct the campaign. He exhibited his wisdom in the beginning, by preparing 
his men in military discipline and fully equipping them before marching to meet 
a savage foe in a wilderness. Various causes detained the army, and it was not 
until the fall of 1793, that the force marched from Fort Washington (Cincin- 
nati) to begin the battle. 

It was already late in the season, and, before any progress had been made, 
the army went into winter quarters at Greenville, on a branch of the Big 
Miami. 

In the mean time, the Ohio Company had not matured its practical "settle- 
ment plan," although a generous grant had been obtained. In 1792, they 
received a clear title to 750,000 acres of land, for which the full price had pre- 
viously been paid, in Continental currency. Congress set aside 214,285 acres 
as army bounties, and 100,000 acres to actual settlers. The two latter appro- 
priations joined that of the Ohio Company. 

There had been numerous conventions, discussions and other fruitless 
attempts to somehow form a plan for the government of the Northwest Terri- 
tory, but it was not until July 13, 1787, that an ordinance was passed, and that 
was the result of Dr. Cutler's efforts. Every State sustained its measures. 

This ordinance was the foundation of the constitution of the future State of 
Ohio, and indeed, permeates the entire Northwestern creed. 

ORDINANCE OF 1787.— No. 32. 
An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States, Northwest of 
THE Ohio River. 

Be it ordained by the United States in Congress assembled, That the said Territory, for the pur- 
pose of government, be one district; subject, however, to be divided into two districts, as future cir- 
cumstances may, in the opinion of Congress, malce it expedient. 

Be it ordained by the authority aforesaid, That the estates of both resident and non-resident 
proprietors in the said Territory, dying intestate, shall descend to and be distributed among their 
children and the descendants of a deceased child, in equal parts; the descendants of a deceased 
child or grandchild to take the share of their deceased parent in equal parts among them. And 
when there shall be no children or descendants, then in equal parts to the next of kin in equal 
degree ; and among collaterals, the children of a deceased brother or sister of the intestate shall 
have, in equal parts among them, their deceased parent's share; and there shall in no case be a 
distribution between kindred of the whole and half blood, saving in all cases to the widow of 
intestate, her third part of the real estate, for life, and one-third part of the personal estate; and 
this law relative to descents and dower, shall remain in full force until altered by the Legis- 
lature of the district. And until the Governor and Judges shall adopt laws as hereinafter 
mentioned, estates in said Territory may be devised or bequeathed by wills in writing, signed 
and sealed by him or her in whom the estate may be (being of full age), and attested by three 
witnesses; and real estate may be conveyed by lease and release, or bargain and sale, signed and 
sealed, and delivered by the person (being in full age) in whom the estate may be, and attested 



106 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

by two witnesses, provided such wills be duly proved, ami such conveyances be acknowledged, or 
the execution thereof duly proved and be recorded within one year after proper magistrates, 
courts and registers shall be appointed for that purpose. And personal property may be trans- 
ferred by delivery, saving, however, to the French and Canadian inhabitants and other settlers of 
the Kaskaskias, St. Vincent's and the neighboring villages, who have heretofore professed them- 
selves citizens of Virginia, their laws and customs now in force among them, relative to the 
descent and conveyance of property. 

Be it ordained by the authority aforesaid, That there shall be appointed from time to time, by 
Congress, a Governor whose commission shall continue in force for a term of three years, unless 
sooner revoked by Congress. He shall reside in the district and have a freehold estate therein, 
of a thousand acres of land while in the exercise of his office. 

There shall be appointed from time to time by Congress, a Secretary whose commission shall 
continue in force for two years, unless sooner revoked. He shall reside in the district, and shall 
have a freehold estate therein in 500 acres of land, while in the exercise of his office. It shall be 
his duty to keep and preserve the acts and laws passed by the Legislature, and the public records 
of the disti'ict, and the proceedings of the Governor in his executive department, and transmit 
authentic copies of such acts and proceedings every six months, to the Secretary of Congress. 
There shall also be appointed a court to consist of three Judges, any two of whom to form a 
court, who shall have a common law jurisdiction and shall reside in the district and have each 
therein a freehold estate in 500 acres of land, while in the exercise of their office, and their 
commissions shall continue in force during good behavior. 

The Governor and Judges, or a majority of them, shall adopt and publish in the district 
such laws of the original States, criminal and civil, as may be necessary and best suited to the 
circumstances of the district, and report them to Congress from time to time, which laws shall be 
in force in the district until the organization of the General Assembly therein, unless disapproved, 
by Congress. But afterward, the Legislature shall have authority to alter them, as they shall 
think fit. 

The Governor, for the time being, shall be commander-in-chief of the militia, appoint and 
commission all officers in the same, below the rank of general officers. All general officers shall 
be appointed and commissioned by Congress. 

Previous to the organization of the General Assembly, the Governor shall appoint such mag- 
istrates and other civil officers in each county or township, as he shall find necessary for the 
preservation of the peace and good order in the same. After the General Assembly shall be 
organized, the powers and duties of magistrates and other civil officers shall be regulated and 
defined by the said Assembly, but all magistrates and other civil officers not herein otherwise 
directed, shall, during the continuance of this temporary government, be appointed by the 
Governor. 

For the prevention of crimes and injuries, the laws to be adopted or made shall have force 
in all parts of the district, and for the execution of process, criminal or civil, the Governor shall 
make proper divisions thereof, and he shall proceed from time to time as circumstances may 
require, to lay out the parts of the district in which the Indian titles shall have been extin- 
guished, into counties and townships, subject, however, to such alterations as may thereafter be 
made by the Legislature. So soon as there shall be 5,000 free male inhabitants of full age in the 
district, upon giving proof thereof to the Governor, they shall receive authority with time and 
place, to elect representatives from their counties or townships, to represent them in tlie General 
Assembly. Provided, That for every 500 free male inhabitanls, there shall be one representative, 
and so on progressively with the number of free male inhabitants, shall the right of representa- 
tion increase, until the number of representatives shall amount to twenty-five. After which, the 
number shall be regulated by the Legislature. Provided, That no person be eligible or qualified 
to act as a representative unless he shall have been a citizen of one of the United States three 
years, and be a resident in the district, or unless he shall have resided in the district three 
years, and in either case, shall likewise hold in his own right in fee simple 200 acres of land 
within the same. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 107 

Provided, Also, that a freeholil in 50 acres of land in the district, having been a citizen of 
one of the States, and being a resident in the district, or the like freehold and two years' resi- 
dence in the district, shall be necessary to qualify a man as an elector of a representative. 

The representatives thus elected, shall serve for the term of two years. And in case of the 
death of a representative or removal from office, the Governor shall issue a writ to the county or 
township for which he was a member, to elect another in his stead, to serve for the residue of the 
term. 

The General Assembly or Legislature shall consist of the Governor, Legislative Council, and 
a House of Representatives. The Legislative Council shall consist of five members, to continue 
in office five years, unless sooner removed by Congress ; any three of whom to be a quorum. 
And the members of the Council shall be nominated and .appointed in the following manner, to wit : 

As soon as representatives shall be elected, the Governor shall appoint a time and place for 
them to meet together, and when met, they shall nominate ten persons, residents in the district, 
and each person in a freehold in 500 acres of land, and return their names to Congress, five of 
whom Congress shall appoint and commission as aforesaid. And whenever a vacancy shall hap- 
pen in the Council by death or removal from office, the House of Representatives shall nominate 
two persons, qualified as aforesaid, for each vacancy, and return their names to Congress, one of 
whom Congress shall appoint and commission for the residue of the term. And every five years, 
four months at least before the expiration of the time of service of the members of the Council, 
the said House shall nominate ten persons qualified as aforesaid, and return their names to 
Congress, five of whom Congress shall appoint and commission to serve as members of the 
Council five years, unless sooner removed. And the Governor, Legislative Council and House 
of Representatives shall have authority to make laws in all cases, for the good government 
of the district, not repugnant to the principles and articles in this Ordinance, established and 
declared. 

And all bills having passed by a majority in the House, and by a majority in the Council, 
shall be referred to the Governor for his assent. But no bill or legislative act whatever, shall be 
of any force without his assent. The Governor shall have power to convene, prorogue and dis- 
solve the General Assembly, when in his opinion it shall be expedient. 

The Governor, Judges, Legislative Council, Secretary, and such other officers as Congress 
shall appoint in the district, shall take an oath or affirmation of fidelity and of office. The Gov- 
ernor before the President of Congress, and all other officers before the Governor. 

As soon as a Legislature shall be formed in the district, the Council and House assembled 
in one room, shall have authority by joint ballot to elect a delegate to Congress, who shall 
have a seat in Congress, with a right of debating, but not of voting, during this temporary gov- 
ernment. 

And for extending the fundamental principles of civil and religious liberty, which forms 
the basis whereon these republics, their laws and constitutions, are created ; to fix and establish 
those principles as the basis of all laws, constitutions and governments, which forever hereafter 
shall be formed in said Territory. To provide for the establishment of States, and permanent 
governments therein, and for their admission to a share in the Federal Council on an equal footing 
with the oi-iginal States, at as early periods as may be consistent with the general interest. 

It is hereby ordained and declared hy the authority aforesaid, That the following articles shall 
be considered as articles of compact between the original States and the people, and States in 
said Territory, and forever remain unaltered unless by common consent, to wit: 

Article II. The inhabitants of said Territory shall always be entitled to the benefits of the 
writ of habeas corpus, and of the trial by jury ; of a proportionate representation of the people 
in the Legislature, and of judicial procedure according to the course of common law. All per- 
sons shall be bailable, except for capital ofi'enses, where the proof shall be evident or the pre- 
sumption great. All fines shall be moderate, and no cruel or unreasonable punishment shall be 
inflicted. No man shall be deprived of his liberty or property,, but by the judgment of his peers 
or the law of the land. And should the public exigencies make it necessary for the common 
preservation, to take any person's property, or to demand his particular services, full compensation 



108 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

shall be made for the same. And in the just preservation of rights and property, it is under- 
stood and declared that no law aught ever to be made or have force in the said Territory, 
that shall in any manner whatever interfere with or effect private contracts or engagements bona 
fide and without fraud, previously formed. 

Art. III. Religion, morality and knowledge being necessary to good government and the 
happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall forever be encouraged. The 
utmost good faith shall always be observed toward the Indians: their lands and property shall 
never be taken from them without their consent; and in their property, rights and liberty they 
shall never be invaded or disturbed, unless in just and lawful wars authorized by Congress. But 
laws founded in justice and humanity, shall from time to time be made for preventing wrongs 
being done to them, and for preserving peace and friendship with them. 

Art. IV. The said Territory and the States which may be formed therein, shall ever remain 
a part of the confederacy of the United States of America, subject to the articles of confedera- 
tion, and to such alterations therein as shall be constitutionally made, and to all the acts and 
ordinances of the United States in Congress assembled conformable thereto. The inhabitants and 
settlers in said Territory shall be subject to pay a part of the federal debts contracted or to be 
contracted, and a proportional part of the expenses of the Government, to be apportioned on 
them by Congress, according to the same common rule and measure by which apportionments 
thereof shall be made on the other States, and the taxes for paying their proportion shall be laid 
and levied by the authority and directions of the Legislature of the district or districts or new 
States, within the time agreed upon by the United States in Congress assembled. The Legisla- 
tures of those districts or new States, shall never interfere with the primary disposal of the soil 
by the United States in Congress assembled, nor with any regulations Congress may find neces- 
sary for securing the title in such soil to the bona-fide purchasers. No tax shall be imposed on 
lands the property of the United States, and in no case, shall non-residents be taxed higher than 
residents. The navigable waters leading into the Mississippi and St Lawrence, and the carry- 
ing places between the same, shall be common highways, and forever free as well to the inhabi- 
tants of the said Territory as to the citizens of the United States and those of any other States 
that may be admitted into the confederacy, without any tax, impost or duty therefor. 

Art. V. There shall be formed in said Territory not less than three, nor more than five. 
States, and the boundaries of the States, as soon as Virginia shall alter her act of cession and 
consent to the same, shall become fixed and established as follows, to wit : The western State in 
the said Territory shall be bounded by the Mississippi, the Ohio, the Wabash Rivers ; a direct 
line drawn from the Wabash and Post St. Vincent, due north to the Territorial line between the 
United States and Canada ; and by the said Territorial line to the Lake of the Woods and Missis- 
sippi. The middle State shall be bounded by the said direct line, the Wabash from Post St. Vin- 
cent to the Ohio, by the Ohio, by a direct line drawn due north from the mouth of the Great 
Miami to the said Territorial line. The eastern State shall be bounded by the last-mentioned 
direct line, the Ohio, Pennsylvania and said territorial line. Provided, however, and it is further 
understood and declared, that the boundaries of those three States shall be subject so far to be 
altered, that, if Congress shall hereafter find it expedient, they shall have authority to form one 
or two States in that part of the said Territory which lies north of an east and west line drawn 
through the southerly bend or extreme of Lake Michigan. And whenever any of the said States 
shall have 60,000 free inhabitants therein, such State shall be admitted by its delegates into the 
Congress of the United States on an equal footing with the original States in all respects what- 
ever, and shall be at liberty to form a permanent constitution and State government. Provided, 
The constitution and government so to be formed, shall be represented, and in conformity to the 
principles contained in these articles; and so far as it can be consistent with the general interest 
of the confederacy, such admission shall be allowed at an earlier period, and when there may be 
a less number of free inhabitants than 60,000. 

Art. VI. There shall be neither slavery nor involuntary servitude in the said Territory, 
otherwise than in the punishment of crimes whereof the party shall have been duly convicted. 
Provided ahvaya, That any person escaping into the same from whom labor or service is lawfully 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 100 

claimed in one of the original States, each fugitive may be lawfullj' claimed and conveyed to the 
person claiming his or her labor or services as aforesaid. 

Be it ordained by the authority aforesaid, That the resolutions of the 23d of April, 1784. 
relative to the subject of this ordinance, be and the same are hereby repealed and declared null 
and void. 

The passage of this ordinance, since known as the " Ordinance of 1787,"' 
was immediately followed by an application to the Government, by John Cleves 
Symmes, of New Jersey, in behalf of the country, between the Miamis, and a 
contract was concluded the following year. The Ohio Company were exceed- 
ingly energetic in inaugurating settlements. Gen. Putman, with a party of 
forty-seven men, set out on an exploring expedition, accompanied by six boat 
builders. On the 1st of January, 1788, twenty-six surveyors followed, from 
Hartford, Conn. They arrived in Ohio on the 7th of April, 1788, and their 
active energy founded the permanent beginning of this great Western State- 
When Ave review the dangerous experiments that have been made, in this land 
west of the AUeghanies, the horrors which had overwhelmed every attempt, we 
can faintly realize the stalwart courage that sent these men on their way, and 
sustained them in their pioneer hardships. With characteristic vigor, they 
began their little town. Enthusiastic and happy, they did not rest from their 
toilsome march over the old Indian roads, but kept busily at work to estab- 
lish an oasis in this wide expanse of wilderness, before they should take nec- 
essary ease to recuperate their strength. 

The wise men , met on the 2d of May, and the little town Avas named 
Marietta. Situated as it Avas, in the midst of danger, they had used precaution 
to build and equip a fortified square, which was designated Campus Marti us ; 
Square No. 19 was Capitolium, and Square No. 61 was Cecelia, and the main 
street was Sacra Via. 

Marietta was especially fortunate in her actual "first families." Ten of the 
forty-eight men had received a thorough college education ; the remaining were 
individuals of sterling merit, honorable, and several had already attained reputations 
for superior excellence of abilities. Patriotic and brave, the settlement certainly 
possessed a foundation that promised well for the future. The folloAving 4th of 
July Avas an auspicious event, and the Hon. James M. Varnum was the eloquent 
orator of the occason. 

The opening of the court, on the 2d of September, was a solemn ceremonial, 
the High Sheriff leading Avith drawn sword, folloAved by citizens, with an escort 
of officers from Fort Harmar, the members of the bar, the Governor and Clergy- 
men, the Judges of the Court of Common Pleas — Gen. Rufus Putman and 
Benjamin Tupper — all these constituted an imposing spectacle, as they pro- 
gressed over a path Avhich had been cut through the forest to Campus Martius 
Hall, the edifice of hiAV and order. 

The Judges took their seats, a prayer was offered by the Rev. Dr. Cutler, 
and immediately the Sheriff, Col. Ebenezer Sprout, proclaimed the response, 
and the court of impartial justice Avas convened. 



110 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

This ceremonial was, perhaps, made all the more impressive by the presence 
of several powerful Indian chiefs, who had journeyed to Marietta for the pur- 
pose of making a treaty. 

The settlement now increased rapidly, new cabins were erected constantly. 
On the 17th of December, a society event occurred, in the form of a grand ball, 
fifteen ladies being present. 

John Cleves Symmes had contracted for 2,000,000 acres of land, arid suc- 
ceeded in obtaining his grant, but circumstances prevented him from meeting 
his part of the obligations, and the specification was reduced to 1,000,000. 
After vain attempt to make his payments, a settlement was finally efiected for 
248,540 acres, and Symmes was prepared to dispose of clear titles to new-com- 
ers. In 1788, a town Avas established within the boundaries of his grant, at the 
mouth of the little Miami, known as Columbia, and in the early part of 1787 
another was formed opposite the mouth of the Licking River, by name Losanti- 
ville, analyzed by a frontier scholar — ville^ the town ; anti^ opposite to ; os, the 
mouth of; i, Licking. 

Judge Symmes had projected building his main town at North Bend. This 
plan was frustrated by reason of Ensign Luce — who had been commissioned by 
Gen. Ilarmar to erect a fort — deciding that North Bend was not suitable for the 
purpose. He selected Losantiville for the purpose, and Fort Washington was 
the result. In 1790, Gov. St. Clair Avas called to inspect the settlement, and 
proceeded to organize Hamilton County, at the same time calling the town 
Cincinnati. 

It will be remembered that Connecticut ceded most of her western lands to 
General Government, retaining, however, a minor portion. As the settlements 
began to increase on the ''Virginia Reserve" and between the Scioto and Miami 
Rivers, all those holding claims were not disposed to part with them, while 
others Avere anxious to secure grants for the purpose of speculation, rather than 
the advancement of civilization. The Scioto Company was a questionable ad- 
herent of the Ohio Company, and began operations, which resulted Avell, Avhat- 
ever their purpose may have been. 

Gen. Putnam cleared the land and directed the buildino; of 100 dwellings and 
six block-houses. During 1791, the colony arrived, consisting of 500 persons. 
Only ten of these were tillers of the soil. Viscount Malartie ventured into the 
wilderness, but instead of settling, joined Gen. St. Clair's army, and was ulti- 
mately his aid-de-camp. Indian conquests were not to his taste, and he soon 
returned to France. This new colony Avas essentially Frencli, and its location 
Avas Gallia County. Tlie name " Gallipolis " Avas selected. 

These settlers, being unaccustomed to severe toil, and disinclined to learn 
its hard lesson, soon became demoralized, through deprivation and absolute 
want. Congress came to their aid Avith a land grant of 24,000 acres, but feAv 
of them cared to enter claims, and soon all traces of the old toAvn were lost, and 
its inhabitants scattered. 



HISTORY OF THK STATE OF OHIO. Ill 

Gen. St. Clair having become unpopular, through repeated failures in Indian 
campaigns, and Gen. Anthony Wayne having wintered at Fort Washington, 
the spring of 1793 was opened by a march of the army, well disciplined and 
led by "Mad Anthony," on a campaign that must crush the rapidly increasing 
depredations of the Indians, notwithstanding which these new settlements had 
been made. All winter. Gen. Wayne had dispatched scouts, spies and hardy 
frontiersmen on errands of discovery, and his plans were, therefiDre, practically 
matured. His army cut its way through the forests, gathering horses, provis- 
ions, etc., as they marched, and finally came nearly up to the enemy before dis- 
covery. They again returned to Fort Washington, as the Commander-in-Chief, 
under the order of the Executive, had proclaimed inaction until the Northern 
or British Commissioners and Indians should convene and discuss the situation 
and prospects. Gen. Wayne, meantime, drilled his men at " Hobson's Choice," 
a place near Fort Washington. 

The Commissioners came from Detroit, and assembled at Capt. Matthew 
Elliot's house, at the mouth of the Detroit River. 

I A meeting was called at Sandusky, and twenty Indian representatives were 
present, to argue the grounds of a treaty. Simon Girty acted as interpreter, 
and has been vehemently accused of unfaithfulness in this trust, since he did 
not advocate the adjustment of matters on any grounds. The Indians reiterated 
their rights and wrongs, and offered to receive the half of the purchase money, 
provided the actual settlers would accept it as the price of the land, move away, 
and leave the original owners the proud possessors of their lands. The Govern- 
ment would then expend less money than they would have done in a full Indian 
purchase, or a long and cruel war. This being out of the question and rejected, 
a decided specification was made that the Ohio boundary was to be obliterated, 
and a new one adopted, that encompassed a mere fraction of territory. This 
was also rejected. The Indians indignantly bade the Americans to go back to 
their father, and they would return to their tribes. 

The council was terminated in confusion. It is highly probable that some 
settlement might have been made, had it not been for English influence which 
instigated the savages, in the hope of ultimately making conquests for them- 
selves. The commander at Detroit evinced great uneasiness whenever there 
was a shadow of an opportunity for a peaceful understanding. 

On Christmas Day, 1793, a detachment of the army encamped on the 
identical ground made memorable by St. Clair's horrible defeat. A reward was 
off'ered for every human skull that was found, and 600 were gathered. The 
bones of the victims were removed from the spot where they built Fort Recovery. 
This point was left in charge of Alexander Gibson. 

Early in the year 1794, Lord Dorchester addressed the Commissioners in 
behalf of the English. Even at this time, Gen. Wayne, to avoid the terrors of 
a great war, again made overtures of peace, dispatching Freeman, Trueman and 
Hardin, all initiated in savage tactics, on errands of mercy — and the three men 



112 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

we^'e inhumanly murdered. The English went so far as to order Gov. Simcoe 
to erect a fort, in April, 1794, on the Rapids of the Maumee, thus rousing the 
Indians by a bold proof that they had espoused their cause. In May, the 
Spanish, who Avere ever jealous of colonial encroachments, were willing to aid 
in a general raid against the Americans. 

In June, a scouting party from Fort Recovery, fell into an Indian ambush 
and suffered severely, their foes following them to the very entrance. The siege 
continued for two days. It was plainly evident that white men augmented the 
Indian force ; ounce balls and buck-shot surely came from their rifles. Again, 
the Indians immediately began a search beneath the logs where pieces of artillery 
were hidden during the great battle of St Clair, but fortunately, Fort Recovery 
had the use of them and they accomplished much. 

On July 26, Scott joined Wayne at Greenville, with 1,600 mounted 
Kentuckians, and on the 28th, the legion took up its line of deadly march. 
Halting at Girty's Town, they built Fort Mary's, later on Fort Adams. Throw- 
ing the enemy off their guard by feints and counter-marching, the troops surprised 
the Indians, and without the slightest resistance took possession of their villages 
at the confluence of the Auglaize and Maumee. They found provision in 
abundance, and tarried a week building Fort Defiance. 

Again Gen. Wayne would have made terms of peace, on the principle of the 
Government to arrest bloodshed, but the Indians were rendered cruelly intent 
on war by an addition of a body of British militia from Detroit, and by regulars 
stationed at a fort they had built on the left bank of the river, below the rapids, 
called Fort Miami. The "Fallen Timber" ground was selected as the field 
for a battle by the savages, in the expectation that the trees cast down by a 
tornado and there remaining, would seriously impede American progress. 

August 15th, Wayne marched down the river, and at Roche de Boeuf, erected 
a fortification for their stores and luggage, naming it " Fort Deposit." On the 
20th, the American army began the attack. Maj. Price and Maj. Gen. Scott 
were heroic in their assistance, and after a sharp, deadly conflict, the enemy 
was routed, fleeing in confusion, and leaving their dead and wounded strewn 
thickly over the field. The savages were pressed to the front always, and when 
the carnage was painful, the British troops not engaged looked on coolly from the 
fort and offered no assistance, aiding their own, however, when possible. Gen. 
Wayne being an ardent soldier, was apt to forget his position, and impetuously 
place himself constantly in danger. Lieut. Harrison is reported to have 
recpiested the General not to forget to give him field orders, in his own partici- 
pation in the battle, and to have received the reply that the standing order ivas 
ahvays to charge haijonets. 

Notwithstanding the treaty of 1783, and the fact that the British were tres- 
passing, they encroached upon the Ohio soil, and essayed to vindicate their 
action by discarding American claims and recognizing the Indian rights, whereby 
they might seek their own colonization and make treaties. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 11?: 

Maj. Campbell was in command at Fort Miami, and wlien he saw the sava- 
ges being cut down almost mercilessly, he not only refrained from offering aid, 
but when, in their desperate retreat, they attempted to enter the fort for pro- 
tection, he ordered the doors closed in their faces. 

On the following day, Campbell sent a message to Wayne, demanding a 
reason for hostile action, adding that Great Britain was not now at war with the 
United States. He received a characteristic reply. 

During the Revolution, Detroit was an important British point, and the 
Maumee was its outlet. Therefore, the English clung tenaciously to this pos- 
session, giving, as it did, the advantage of the great fur trade. The English 
Government evidently regretted ceding so much of her territory in the West, 
and were searching for an excuse to quarrel and attempt to regain at least a part 
of what they had lost. Their policy was to sustain the bitter hatred between 
the Indians and the Americans. 

The settlement of the ^Nlaumee Valley had been rapid, but the very name 
was an agony of remembrance of frightful massacres and atrocities. Col. 
McKee, the British Indian agent, and his assistant, Capt. Elliott, were from 
Pennsylvania, but being Tories, they had assimilated Avith the Indians. They 
joined the Shawnee tribe and married Indian wives, and made their fortunes 
thereby, through British appointments to secure the savage interests. The 
Indians Avere directly served by McKee and Elliott, with ammunition and sup- 
plies, during the Wayne conflict. 

Several skirmishes ensued, but severe weather approaching, the troops 
moved for quarters, and on the 14th day of September, they attacked the Miami 
villages, captured them with provisions and stores, and erected a fort, leaving 
it in charge of Lieut. Col. Hamtramck. With cheers and rifle-shooting, this post 
was named Fort Wayne. The main army marched into Greenville and went into 
winter quarters. 

Wayne had achieved a brilliant victory, but his success did not overcome his 
practical reasoning, and he was unwilling to subject his men to a severe winter's 
campaign unless necessity was peremptory. 

Gov. Simcoe, Col. McKee and a few of the most savage Indian chiefs 
attempted to rally the Indians for a new attack. Gov. Simcoe, of Detroit, was 
aware that the mounted volunteers under Wayne had been allowed to return 
home, and that the term of service of a portion of the " Legion " was about to 
expire. 

The British and Indians held a conference, but the latter were weary Avith 
fighting for the glory of the Great Father at Detroit, and did not enter into the 
plan. The winter proved most poverty stricken to them, the English failing to 
supply them, and their crops and sustenance having been destroyed by Wayne, 
They were then fully prepared to listen to the faintest signal from Wayne ta 
conciliate affairs, and the Wyandots and Delawares were the first to confer with 
him on the subject. Their position was exposed and they had suffered severely. 



114 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

They soon influenced other tribes to consider the question. As a mass, they 
were convinced of their inability to overcome the Americans, and liad become 
impatient and disgusted Avith the duplicity of their British friends, who had not 
liesitated to sacrifice them in every instance, and who deserted them in tlieir 
hour of distress. United, they sued for peace. Terms were made, and about 
the 1st of August, the famous Greenville treaty was ratified and established, 
and the old Indian war in Ohio terminated. 

Tlie A\yandots, Delawares, Shawnees, Chippewas, Ottawas, Pottawatomies, 
Miamis, Eel Rivers, AVeas, Kickapoos, Piankeshaws and Kaskaskias Avere thus 
conciliated. The old Indian boundary line, settled upon at the Fort Mcintosh 
treaty, was retained, and the southwestern line was prolonged from old Fort 
Recovery, southwest of the Ohio River. 

" The general boundary lines between the lands of the United States and 
the lands of the said Indian tribes shall be2;in at the mouth of the Cuvahoga 
River, and thence run up the same to the portage between that and the Tus- 
carawas Branch of the Muskingum ; thence down that branch to the crossing- 
place above Fort Laurens ; thence westerly to a fork of that branch of the 
Great Miami River (running into the Ohio), at or near which fork stood Lar- 
amie's store — Mary's River, Avhich is a branch of the Miami that runs into Lake 
Erie ; thence a westerly course to Fort Recovery, which stands on a branch of 
the Wabash ; thence southwesterly on a direct line to the Ohio, so as to inter- 
sect that river opposite the mouth of the Kentucky or Cuttawa River." 

This boundary line has, ever since this memorable treaty, been a prominent 
landmark, and may now be traced as the southern boundary line of Stark, Ash- 
land, Richland and Marion Counties, and the northern line, in part, of Tuscar- 
awas and Knox. Old Fort Recovery was located in Mercer, near the Indiana 
line. Laramie's store was in Shelby. 

Within the Indian Reservation, the United States held sixteen distinct sec- 
tions of land, for the purpose of military posts, so arranged that the Govern- 
ment had full right of way north and west. 

The "Joy treaty " between England and the United States was ratified early 
in 1796, and the British were obliged to vacate Detroit and Fort Miami, and recall 
the fact that they had no claim or right to either points. Gen. Wayne received 
them, and accompanied by Gov. St. Clair, proceeded to Detroit. Here the lat- 
ter laid out a county, calling it Wayne, and designated Detroit as its seat of 
justice. This was the fifth county in the Northwest Territory, north of the 
Ohio River. Washington County, with Marietta as a seat of justice, was first 
established ; next Hamilton, with Cincinnati as a county seat. Wayne County 
was organized in 1796, and included about twenty-six of the present counties, 
in the north^vest part of the State, covering about a quarter of its area, besides 
parts of Indiana and Michigan. 

In other parts of the State, the population Avas rapidly increasing. In May, 
1795, the Legislature authorized a committee to institute measures for the 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 117 

disposal of their Western lands. The Virginia and Connecticut Reservations 
required some action on the part of Government, inasmuch as ceding a portion 
and re-selling had in a measure disturbed free titles. Fifty-six persons negoti- 
ated and purchased lands, receiving quit-claim titles and entire rights. They 
re-sold to John Morgan and John Caldwell and Jonathan Bruce, in trust. Thus 
3,000,000 acres were prepared for settlement. Upon the quit-claim deeds of 
these representatives, the full title of lands included within the old Western 
Reserve rests. 

Judge Symmes began his active operations in 1796, and by the close of 
1797 all lands east of the Cuyahoga were laid out in townships, five miles square. 
The agent of the Connecticut Land Company was Gen. Moses Cleveland, and in 
his honor the leading city in the Reserve was named. Some townships were 
retained for private sale, and others were disposed of by lottery, in 1798. 

Wayne's treaty led to the formation of Dayton, and the peopling of that 
section. A difficulty arose regarding the original Symmes grant and its modifi- 
cation. Symmes had sold land titles, in good faith, beyond his vested power, 
and Congress was now called upon to adjust these claims and titles. Seventeen 
days after the Wayne or Greenville treaty, St. Clair, Wilkinson, Dayton and 
Ludlow contracted with Symmes for seven and eight ranges, between the Mad 
and Little Miami Rivers. November 4, 1795, Mr. Ludlow laid out Dayton. 

During the years 1790 and 1795, the Governor and Supreme Judges of the 
Northwest Territory had published sixty-four statutes. Thirty-four of these 
were ratified at Cincinnati, for the purpose of forming a complete statutory. It 
was termed the " Maxwell Code." 

Mr. Nathaniel Massie founded a town on the Scioto, which was called 
Chillicothe. The Iroquois treaty had previously invited settlement, and embryo 
towns had begun as early as 1769, under the protection of the Connecticut 
Company. A land company was organized in HaHford, Conn., in 1795, sending 
out forty-three surveyors to divide the townships of that part of the Western 
Reserve, east of the Cuyahoga, five miles square. The first resident of the town 
of Cleveland was Mr. Job Stiles and family, and Mrs, Stiles was the mother of 
the first white child born on the Reserve. Some other parts of the territory 
progressed more rapidly in population. 

Along the Muskingum, Scioto and Miami, towns began to spring up, which 
might perhaps better be termed farming settlements. 

Cincinnati was increasing, and in 1796, had reached 100 cabins, 15 frame 
houses and 600 persons, with prospects for a firm future. 

The Virginia Military Land District was between the Little Miami and 
Scioto, and was rapidly increasing in population. 

Mr. Massie was unceasing in his efibrts to advance the West, and laid out 
Manchester, offering inducements that could not fail to attract settlers. 

Ebenezer Zane procured a grant in consideration of opening a bridle path 
from the Ohio River at Wheeling, over the country via Chillicothe, to Limestone, 



118 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

in Kentucky. The year following, the United States mail was taken over 
this route. 

The comparatively tranquil condition of the country and the inducements it 
had to offer encouraged a rapid settlement of the Territory. A prominent 
feature of the early growth of Ohio was the general prevalence of reliable, 
stanch principle. The people were of the good colonial stock. 

In 1800, Chillicothe Avas denominated the scat of the Territorial govern- 
ment, and the first stone edifice in the State was begun in this town, soon after 
this appointment. About this time, a. serious difficulty suddenly occurred to 
those individuals who had taken lands on the Western Reserve of Connecticut. 
That Eastern power had, it is true, ceded a part of her claim to the General 
Government, and had stipulated for the sale of certain other tracts. At the 
same time, the State had not signed away lier jurisdiction over some sections of 
her claim, and those unfortunate people in and about Dayton found themselves 
without any government upon which they might depend in a case of emergency. 
The matter was, accordingly, presented to the Territorial government, which 
interceded with the Eastern State, and, sanctioned by the Assembly at Congress, 
Connecticut relinquished her jurisdiction in 1800. 

Cleveland was an important point, and was growing in the mean time. How- 
ever, it had suffered exceedingly from the ravages of fever and ague. For a 
period of two months, there was not an individual, but a boy thirteen years 
of age, able to procure food for the others. Flour Avas out of all rational con- 
sideration, and the meal upon which they lived was pounded by hand. In 
1799, Williams and Myatt erected a grist-mill at the falls, near Newbury. 

A startling agitation occurred in 1801, which in these days would cause but a 
ripple in the political sea, but happening during a time when legislative dignity 
and state authority were regarded with reverential awe, it created the most 
intense feeling. , Great indignation was openly expressed. 

The Governor and several legislators felt that they had been insulted in 
the performance of their respective duties, at Chillicothe, while the Assembly 
was in session in 1801. No measures being taken by the authorities at the 
capital to protect the Executive, a law was passed removing the seat of govern- 
ment to Cincinnati. 

This circumstance led to a general consideration of the advantages of a 
State government, and a popular desire was expressed for a change in this 
respect. Gov. St. Clair had fallen into disfavor through his failure as a military 
leader and his failures in the Indian campaigns, and from his assuming powers 
which were not vested in him, especially the subdivision of counties. He was 
also identified with the Federal party, which was not popular in Ohio. The 
opposition was strong in the Assembly, but was in the minority in the House of 
Representatives. The boundary question was agitated at the same time. The 
intention was to thus effect the limits of Ohio that a, State government would 
necessarily have to be postponed. Against this measure. Tiffin, Worthington, 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 119 

Langham. Darlington, Massie, Dunlavy and Morrow strenuously objected. After 
considerable discussion, Thomas Worthington obtained leave of absence from 
the session, and journeyed to Washington in behalf of a State government. It 
was obvious that the Territory, under the ordinance, was not entitled to a 
change. Massie suggested the feasibility of appointing a committee to address 
Congress on the subject. This the House refused to pass. 

An effort was then made to take a census, but any action on this subject 
was postponed until the next session. 

During all this ineffectual struggle, Worthington Avas doing his best in Wash- 
ington, and succeeded so well that on March 4, a report was made to the House 
in favor of the State government. This report was made on a basis that the 
census, in 1800, summed up over 45,000 for Ohio. 

April 30, Congress passed a law carrying into effect the views expressed on 
this subject. A convention met on November 1. Its members were generally 
Jeffersonian in their views. Gov. St. Clair proposed to address them as their 
chief executive magistrate. Several members resolutely opposed this action, 
insisting upon a vote, which, through courtesy and not a sense of right, resulted 
in permitting him to address them. He advised the postponement of the State 
government until the original eastern portion of the State was sufficiently pop- 
ulated to demand this right. Only one, out of thirty-three, voted to sustain 
the Governor in these views. 

The convention agreed to the views of Congress. November 29, the agree- 
ment was ratified and signed, as was the constitution of the State of Ohio. 
The General Assembly was ordered to convene the first Tuesday of March, 1803. 

This was carried into effect. A constitution was framed for the new State, 
adhering to the Ordinance of 1787. The rights and duties of citizens were 
plainly set forth, and general business was transacted. The new State consti- 
tution was signed by : 

Edward Tiffin, President and Representative from Ross County. 

Adams County — Joseph Darlington, Israel Donalson, Thomas Vinker. 

Belmont County — James Caldwell and Elijah Woods. 

Clermont County — Philip Gatch and James Sargent. 

Fairfield County — Henry Abrams and Emanuel Carpenter. 

Hamilton County — John W. Brown, Charles Willing Byrd, Francis Dun- 
lavy, William Goforth, John Gitchel, Jeremiah Morrow, John Paul, John Riley, 
John Smith and John Wilson. 

Jefferson County — Rudolph Blair, George Humphry, John Milligan, Nathan 
Updegraff and Bezaleel Wells. 

Ross County — Michael Baldwin, James Grubb, Nathaniel Massie and F. 
Worthington. 

Washington County — Ephraim Cutler, Benjamin Ives Gilman, John Mc- 
Intyre and Rufus Putnam. 

Thoiflas Scott, Secretary. 



120 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

The first Legislature of the State, under the new constitution, created eight 
new counties, viz., Gallia, Scioto, Franklin, Columbiana, Butler, Warren, 
Greene and Montgomery. 

The first State officers were : Michael Baldwin, Speaker of the House ; Na- 
thaniel Massie, President of the Senate ; William Creighton, Secretary of 
State ; Col. Thomas Gibson, Auditor ; William McFarland, Treasurer ; Return 
J. Meigs, Jr., Samuel Huntington and William Sprigg, Judges of the Supreme 
Court ; Francis Dunlavy, Willis Silliman and Calvin Pease, Judges of the Dist- 
rict Court. 

The General Assembly held a second session in December, at which time 
the militia law was revised, also giving aliens equal proprietary rights with native 
citizens. The revenue system was modified and improved. Acts authorizing 
the incorporation of toAvnships were passed, and for the establishment of coun- 
ties. Furthermore, Jacob White, Jeremiah Morrow and William Ludlow were 
authorized to locate a township for collegiate purposes, according to previous 
specified terms of Congress. The Symmes grant and the college specification 
collided materially, but the irregularity of the former was not to create any 
inconvenience for the latter. Mr. Symmes had in good faith marked off this 
township, but circumstances preventing the perfection of his plans, that lapsed 
with the others, and the original township was now entered by settlers. 

Accordingly, thirty-six sections, west of the Great Miami, were selected, 
and are now licld by the Miami University. 

Gov. St. Clair, notAvithstanding his unpopularity, was re-appointed. 

Ohio was under a system of government which guaranteed the best improve- 
ments ; her Legislature being com])osed of her Ijest statesmen, and the laws 
passed having the genei'ul interest of the people embodied in them. 

A bill was passed, appropriating the net proceeds of the land lying within 
said State, sold by Congress after the 20th day of June, 1802, after deducting 
all expenses incident to the same, to be applied to the laying-out of roads, 
leading from the navigable waters emptying into the Atlantic to the Ohio, to 
the said State, and through the same ; such roads to be laid out under the 
authority of Congress, with the consent of the several States through which the 
road shall pass. In conformity with these provisions, steps were taken, in 1805, 
which resulted in the making of the Cumberland or National road. 

Burr, at this time, began an organization for the ostensible purpose of 
making a settlement on the Wachita, but his party being armed and his plans 
not being frankly disclosed, an investigation proved that his real design was a 
mutinous revolt against Governmental powers, and to gratify his ambition by 
founding his own kingdom in Mexico, and defeating the Spanish. If success 
crowned his efforts, his ultimate victory was to rupture the L^nion by forcing the 
Western States to withdraw from their allegiance. By gaining an influence 
over the noble but misguided Blennerhasset, he established his headquarters on 
his island in the Ohio. The history of Burr's expedition is already well known. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 121 

The final capture by Gov. Tiffin, of ten boats loaded with stores, on the Mus- 
kingum, and four near Marietta, decided the fate of this scheme, and Burr was 
finally arrested and put on trial May 22, 1807. 

The advancement of the settlement of the State was in no manner impeded, 
and towns sprang up, farms were laid out, and all other improvements inaugu- 
rated which tended to a permanent prosperity. 

In 1808, Tecumseh left Greenville to join the Prophet on the banks of the 
Tippecanoe, a tributary of the Upper Wabash, on a tract of land granted herein 
by the Pottawatomies. 

The Indians were virtually by treaty allowed but a small proportion of land 
within the boundaries of the State, and were maintaining peaceful attitudes 
toward the whites, with exceptional border depredations, which were settled by 
mutual understanding. 

Although the United States had gained independence, and Avas treating with 
England as Avith other foreign powers, the British persisted in violating the 
national rights of the United States, impressing American seamen into the 
British service, seizing American vessels engaged with France in trade, and 
otherwise violating the rights of an independent nation, at peace with the Brit- 
ish power. 

The mission upon which Henry was sent by the British, to create disturb- 
ance between the States, and thus broken, to weaken the strength of the Gen- 
eral Government, added fuel to the fire, and united indignation cried for war. 

British agents again bargained with the Indians of the Wabash and Maumee 
Valleys, desiring them to inaugurate another Avar upon the Avestern sections and 
to make a desperate attack upon the settlements south of the lakes. The Brit- 
ish agent at Maiden negotiated in rifles, poAvder, ball, merchandise, lead, blank- 
ets and shirts. The Indians were inspired again with the hope that the Avhites 
Avould be driven back, and that all the country north of the Ohio would again 
revert to them. 

The Canadians in league with the English, gave the savages unlimited 
(|uantities of whisky, which naturally aroused their fierce natures to acts of 
violence and blood. It is highly probable that the use of liquor Avas the main 
cause of the deterioration of the best traits of the Indian character, after the 
Revolution. Again, many unscrupulous men upon the frontier did not hesi- 
tate to commit the most merciless crimes against the Indians, such Avas the 
prejudice against them, and the courts invariably failed to indict them for these 
atrocities. This error on the part of the Americans served to influence the 
savages against them. 

At this time, the seats of justice were distant over a hundred miles each 
from the other, uninhabited tracts frequently extending between them which Avere 
absolute wildernesses. The routes were in many cases difficult and circuitous. 

As early as 1808, there Avas a mail communication for the people on the 
Lower Maumee, many days elapsing betAveen the arriA^als and departures of 



122 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO 

the same, however. Horace Gunn was the carrier. Benoni Adams brought 
the news from Cleveland to the same point, his trip requiring a fortnight. It 
must be remembered that this journey was mostly made on foot. The Black 
Swamp could not be traversed in any other manner. 

THE WAR OF 1812. 

The war of 1812 can be called a continuation of the Revolution, with all 
justice. Although rumors had reached Ohio, that active preparations were 
being made for general action, no official tidings had been sent to Hull, com- 
mander-in-chief of the Western forces. 

The Secretary of War, instead of sending a special messenger directly to 
Hull, coramunicd;ted with the post adjacent, depending upon a continuation of 
the news from that point. At the same time, advices were sent the British 
post at Maiden and Detroit. Hull sent out a packet with official papers, stores, 
etc., the day previous to that on which the official intelligence arrived that an 
open rupture existed between the two powers, and this was of course captured. 

The Western forces marched to Detroit and crossed over to Sandwich, pre- 
paratory to attacking Maiden, a post most favorable for the transportation of 
stores, troops, etc. which was therefore considered valuable. 

Peter Minard first gave the news to the settlers of the Maumee. He had 
heard from a Delaware chief, who assured him a general massacre was to take 
place in the valley. Maj. SpafFord paid no heed to this "idle fear," until a 
few days thereafter a messenger came to his quarters, reporting a band of fifty 
Pottawatomies on the march to join the hostile tribes near Maiden. They had 
plundered and burned Monclova, and had nearly reached the rapids. 

The Major, with his family and settlers, immediately launched a barge on 
the river and were able to reach old Fort Miami just as the savages reached 
Maumee City. They could plainly witness the flames that devoured their old 
homes. They kept on their way in their miserable craft, until they reached 
Milan, where they learned that the entire country was in danger. 

Although the Indians were defeated in the battle of Tippecanoe in the fall 
of 1811, they plotted vigorously with the English for the invasion of Ohio. 

Gen. William Hull marched from the southwestern part of the State 
directly north, crossing the counties of Champaign, Logan, Hardin, Hancock 
and Wood, establishing military posts along the route and cutting a way 
through the wilderness of the unsettled portions. He crossed the Maumee on 
the 1st of July, and marched to Detroit. 

Hull was evidently actuated in his succeeding disgraceful failures by two 
fears — lack of confidence in the ability of his troops, and the belief that they 
might desert him in action. He proclaimed freedom, and a necessity of sub- 
mitting to the Canadians under existing circumstances. He held out induce- 
ments to the British regulai's to desert their cause and essayed to pacify the 
savages, but lie accomplished nothing beyond jeopardizing the American cause 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 123 

and disgracing his army. His men became restless. Col. Miller and Col. 
Cass were delighted when detailed on scouting expeditions, and did not hesi- 
tate to attack advancing squads of the enemy. At last, an attack was made on 
the Niagara frontier, and Hull speedily abandoned his project and collected his 
forces at Detroit. 

Meantime, Col. Proctor had reached Maiden, and quickly perceiving the 
advantage of a post at that point, whereby he could cut oiF supplies and starve 
Hull into subjection, he massed his forces about this section, captured Van 
Horn and his two hundred men, and withstood the attack of Miller, although 
he gained nothing by so doing. Again Hull displayed his weakness by recall- 
ing his forces from further molestations. 

Gen. Brock, however, reached Maiden on the 13th of August, 1812, and 
began war preparations. 

Gen. Dearborn placed a force on the Niagara frontier, but an armistice was 
made with the British. Hull dispatched a third party under McArthur, to 
open communications to the Raisin River. 

Gen. Brock appeared at Sandwich and began to erect batteries, which Hull 
would not allow to be molested. The result was, that on the 26th of August 
Detroit was surrendered to the enemy, and not a blow had been struck in its 
defense. 

By this dastardly act, 1,400 brave men who had not been permitted to 
make a single effort to sustain the American cause, were surrendered to 300 
English regulars, 400 Canadians and their Indian allies. Gen. Hull was, in 
consequence of this series of "mistakes," accused of treason and cowardice, 
and convicted of the latter. By the middle of August, the British had gained 
the control over most of the Northwestern Territory. 

The appointment of William Henry Harrison to the position of com- 
mander in chief of the Western forces, was most opportune. He speedily 
raised a vigorous army, and advanced by three routes to the foot of the rapids. 

Gen. Harrison commanded the right wing, and marched by the way of Upper 
Sandusky, where he located his depot of supplies. Gen. Tupper commanded 
the center, Fort McArthur, in Hardin County, being his base, while Gen. Win- 
chester marched from Fort Defiance down the Maumee to the foot of the rapids. 

A large force of British and Indians moved up the left bank of the Mau- 
mee toward Fort Wayne, and Gen. Harrison, to intercept them, marched to 
the confluence of the Auo-laize with the Maumee. 

Harrison was aware that the enemy would be also hemmed in by Win- 
chester. The weather was rainy, and the prospects were that a most unfortun- 
ate season was to follow the expected engagements. Harrison heard that 
Winchester had reached Fort Defiance, and that the Indians and British were 
retreating down the Maumee. He followed, and marched to Winchester's 
camp, where he arrived in season to quell a mutiny under command of Col. 
Allen, of the Kentucky troops. 



124 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

In January, 1813, Winchester had reached the rapids, where he received 
tidino-s that Frenchtown was menaced and exposed. Without orders, he sent a 
party to the rescue, which defeated the enemy. The weather was intensely 
cold, and the company lay within eighteen miles of Maiden, where the enemy 
was collected in full force, consequently re-enforcements must be dispatched 
immediately or the town again left to its fate. 

Winchester then marched with a force of 259 men, and upon arriving at 
nightfall, insisted upon remaining on open ground, although warned repeatedly 
that this would be a most dangerous experiment. 

In the morning, he was surprised by the enemy, massed directly before 
him, with a battery within three hundred yards of his camp, and a shower of 
bombs, balls and grape-shot falling among his exposed troops, and the yells of 
Indians reminding him of his fatal error. Lewis, who led the party out in the 
beginning and had apprehended the danger, bravely defended himself behind 
garden pickets. Winchester was defeated on the 22d of January, 1813, and 
the Indians were permitted to massacre the prisoners and the settlers. 

Harrison fell back to the foot of the rapids. On the 1st of February, he 
began the construction of Fort Meigs. On the 27tli of April, Proctor and 
Tecumseh attacked this fort, and laid siege Avith the full expectation of success. 
The stipulation was that Gen. Harrison Avas to be delivered to Tecumseh. 
While the balls and bombs were making havoc with the fort, the Indians Avere 
climbing trees and pouring a galling fire doAvn upon the troops. Gen. Proctor 
invited Harrison to surrender, which Avas politely declined, Avith the assurance 
that the British General Avould have the opportunity to distinguish himself as a 
soldier before such a proceeding was enacted, 

Gen. Clay was descending the Maumee with l,i^OO Kentuckians in flat 
boats. Orders went from Harrison that 800 men should land on the left bank, 
take and spike the British cannon, and then to enter the fort, from which 
soldiers were to issue to assist the re-enforceraents. 

Capt. Hamilton was to pilot Gen. Clay to the fort, cutting their Avay 
through. All succeeded. Col. Dudley taking the batteries and spiking the 
cannon. But his men, too much elated by their success, against orders, and 
against the repeated expostulations of Col. Dudley, insisted on pursuing the 
Indians. Col. Dudley Avould not desert them. This act proved their ruin. 
By a decoy, they Avere led into a defile which proved an ambush, and the men 
found themselves surrounded by savages, Avithout means of escape. 

A most frightful massacre began, and every man Avould have fallen had not 
Tecumseh sternly forbidden the cowardly carnage. One of his principal chiefs 
ignored this order, and the next instant the great warrior buried his hatchet in 
his head. The brave Col. Dudley was, hoAvever, tomahaAvkcd and scalped. 

There were no immediate signs that the fort Avould be surrendered, and the 
siege Avas raised on the 9th of May. It Avas rencAved on the 20th of July, and 
abandoned a few days later. The enemy decided this stronghold Avas invulnerable. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 125 

On the 1st of August, the enemy proceeded to Fort Stevenson, at Lower 
Sandusky, garrisoned by 150 men under Maj. Croghan. The fort had the 
use of but one piece of cannon. The enemy with Tecumseh's Indians num- 
bered 3,300 strong, with six pieces of cannon. 

Gen. Proctor again tendered the offer to surrender, adding that a refusal 
wouki only bring about a useless resistance, and a massacre by the Indians. 
The reply was, that before the fort went over to the British, not an American 
would be left to be massacred, as they should hold out to the last man. Proc- 
tor opened fire. The first movement was an assault upon the northwest angle 
of the fort, as if to make a breach and thus carry the works. The command- 
ant strengthened that point by bags of sand, and during the night stealthily 
placing his one cannon in a concealed position, he filled it with slugs. 

The following day, the fire again swept the northwest corner, and, evening 
approaching, a column of 350 men swept up within twenty yards of the walls. 
They were met by the musketry, which had little eflFect, and the ditch was soon 
filled with men. The next instant the hidden cannon, so placed as to sweep 
the ditch, suddenly began action, and the surprised assailants quickly recoiled, 
and the fort was saved, with the loss of only one man. 

The next morning, the enemy had disappeared, evidently in haste, as guns, 
clothing and stores were left behind. They had lost over one hundred and 
fifty men by this useless attempt. Croghan had previously received orders to 
evacuate the fort from Gen. Harrison, and his determination to hold the position 
merited Harrison's reprimand and remand of commission. Such was the sev- 
erity of military laAv. However, the rank of Colonel was immediately conferred 
upon him by the President, for his gallantry. The ladies of Chillicothe pre- 
sented him with an elegant testimonial in the shape of a sword. 

It was decided to make a naval warfare effectual in the recovery of the 
Northwestern Territory, and accordingly vessel-building began under Commo- 
dore Perry's supervision. 

The British looked upon this proceeding with derision, fully intending to 
use these boats for their own purpose. They publicly proclaimed their intention. 

By the 1st of August, 1813, Commodore Perry set sail a flotilla, the Law- 
rence and the Niagara, of twenty guns each, with smaller vessels following. 
Some difficulty was encountered in launching the larger vessels, on account of 
the shallowness of the water. 

Perry's first destination was Put-in-Bay, thirty miles from Maiden, where 
the British fleet lay under the guns of the fort. On the 10th of September, 
the British fleet — exceeding the American by ten guns — under Commodore 
Barclay, appeared off Put-in-Bay, distant about ten miles. Perry immediately 
set sail. The wind shifting, the Americans had the advantaoje. 

Perry hoisted the Union Jack. A general preparation was made for the 
conflict. An ominous silence settled over all as the fleets approached. A 
bugle sounded on the enemy's ship Detroit, and a furious fire was opened upon 



126 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

the Lawrence. The frightful and desperate battle that ensued is so familiar 
that it is not necessary for us to repeat its details. It forever remains in his- 
tory as a prominent, desperate struggle that turned the tide most decisively in 
favor of the Americans. Hand to hand, for three hours, this furious struggle 
surged, resulting in a pronounced victory for the Americans. 

Commodore Perry immediately re(j[uested parole for his severely wounded 
antagonist. Commodore Barclay. Capt. Elliott was at this engagement highly 
commended by Perry for his bravery. 

Gen. Harrison now made preparations to follow Proctor, and reached Mai- 
den on the 27th of September. 

Proctor had retreated to Sandwich, and thence Harrison followed him, 
overtaking the enemy on the 9th of October, on the bank of the Thames. An 
engagement ensued, which was not particularly marked in its events, but which 
practically terminated the war in the Northwest. 

Tecumseh fell during this battle, and his death disheartened the savages to 
such an extent that they were willing to make terms of peace. Accordingly 
a treaty was concluded on the 22d of July, 1814, with the Wyandots, Dela- 
wares, Shawnees, Senecas and Miamis, the tribes engaged in hostilities. 

Again Ohio was able to turn her attention to the improvements within her 
own boundaries. Weary and disabled though she was, her ambition and 
energy were unimpaired. The struggle had been severe, but a grand reward 
had been won, and peace and independence belonged to these sturdy, earnest, 
pioneers. 

In 1815, a town was founded near Fort Meigs, and, in 1816, Gen. John 
E. Hunt and Judge Robert A. Forsythe located at Maumee. 

BANKING. 

Up to the year 1817, Ohio had no banking system, and on the 28th of 
January of that year, the United States Bank opened a branch at Cincinnati, 
and yet another during the following October at Chillicothe. These branches 
found a large amount of business to transact, and while being of assistance in 
various ways to the State, also received a fine revenue themselves. The State 
therefore resolved upon a tax levy, and, in 1819, the branches were to pay 
$50,000 each, and the State Auditor was authorized to issue his warrant for 
the collection of the same. 

The bank branches demurred, but the State was decided, and the banks 
accordingly filed a bill in chancery, in the United States Circuit Court, setting 
forth reasons whereby their prayer that Ralph Osborn, State Auditor, should 
be restrained from making such collection, should be seriously considered. 

Osborn being counseled not to appear on the day designated in the writ, an 
injunction was obtained, with the security given in the shape of bonds from the 
bank, to the amount of $100,000. On the 14th of September, the bank sent a 
commissioner to Columbus, who served upon the Auditor a copy of the petition 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 127 

for the injunction, and a subpoena to make an appearance before the court 
on the first Monday in the following January. Osborn submitted both the 
petition and the injunction to the Secretary of State, with his warrant for col- 
lecting tlie tax. Legally, the matter was somewhat complicated. 

The Auditor desired the Secretary of State to take legal advice, and if the 
papers did not actually amount to an injunction, to give orders for the execu- 
tion of the warrant. 

The decision was that the papers did not equal a valid injunction. The State 
writ for collection was therefore given over to John L. Harper, with directions 
to enter the banking-house and demand the payment of the tax. In case of a 
refusal, the vault was to be entered and a levy made upon the amount required. 
No violence was to be used, and if force was used to deter the act, the 
same was to be reported to a proper magistrate and an affidavit made to that 
fact. 

On September 17, Mr. Harper went about his errand, taking with him T. 
Orr and J. MacCollister. After securing access to the vault, a demand was 
made for the payment of the tax. This was promptly refused, and a notice 
given of the granting of the injunction. This was disregarded, and the ofiicer 
seized $98,000 in gold, silver and notes. This was placed in charge of the 
State Treasurer, Mr. H. M. Curry. 

The oflScers were arrested and imprisoned by the United States Circuit 
Court, and the money returned to the bank. The case was reviewed by 
the Supreme Court, and the measures of the Circuit Court were sustained. The 
State, therefore, submitted. In the mean time, the Legislature had prepared 
and passed a resolution, as follows: 

Resolved, by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, That in respect to the powers of the 
Governments of the several States that compose the American Union, and the powers of the Fed- 
eral Government, this General Assembly do recognize and approve the doctrines asserted by the 
Legislatures of Kentucky and Virginia in their resolutions of November and December, 1798, 
and January, 1800, and do consider their principles have been recognized and adopted by a 
majority of tlie American people. 

Resolved further. That this General Assembly do assert and will maintain by all legal and 
constitutional means, the rights of States to tax the business and property of any private corpo- 
ration of trade, incorporated by the Congress of the United States, and located to transact its 
corporate business within any State. 

Resolved further. That the bank of the United States is a private corporation of trade, the 
capital and business of which may be legally taxed in any State where they may be found. 

Resolved further, That the General Assembly do protest against the doctrines that the politi- 
cal rights of the separate States that compose the American Union and their powers as sovereign 
States, may be settled and determined in the Supreme Court of the United States, so as to con- 
clude and bind them in cases contrived between individuals, and where they are, no one of them, 
parties direct. 

The bank was thus debarred from the aid of State laws in the collection of 
its dues and in the protection of its rights. An attempt was made to effect a 
change in the Federal constitution, which would take the case out of the 
United States Courts. This, however, proved ineffectual. 



128 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

The banking system in Ohio has, by reason of State surveillance, not been 
subjected to those Avhirlwind speculations and questionable failures which have 
marked many Western States, in the establishment of a firm basis upon Avhich 
a banking law could be sustained, with mutual benefit to the institution and the 
people. 

THE CANAL SYSTEM. 

In the first part of 1817, the Legislature considered a resolution relating 
to a canal between Lake Erie and the Ohio River. No action was taken and 
the subject w^as not again agitated until 1819. Gov. Brown appointed three 
commissioners in 1820, for the purpose of employing an efficient engineer and 
such assistants as he deemed necessary, for the purpose of surveying a practical 
route for this canal. The commissioners were restricted in their actions until 
Congress should accept a proposition in behalf of the State, for a donation and 
sale of the public lands lying upon and near the route of the proposed canal. 
A delay was thus occasioned for two years. 

In 1822, the matter was referred to a committee of the House of Repre- 
sentatives. This committee approved and recommended the employment of the 
engineer. They furthermore added illustrations to prove the feasibility of the 
project. 

James Geddes, a skillful engineer of New York, was in due time appointed 
to the position and instructed to make the necessary examinations and sur- 
veys. 

The surveys were made, and estimates given of the expenses, which docu- 
ments were laid before the Legislature at several sessions. 

In 1825, an act Av'as passed providing for the internal improvement of the 
State by navigable canals. Directly thereafter, the State set vigorously about 
the work of constructing two canals, one leading from the Ohio to Lake Erie, 
by way of the valleys of the Scioto and Muskingum, the other from Cinciniuxti 
to Dayton. 

The first canal-boat from Cincinnati to Dayton, reached her destination in 
1829, on the 25th of January. This outlet of communication was extended 
to Lake Erie, and was completed in 1845. The largest artificial lake now 
known is on the elevation between the Ohio and the lake, in Mercer County, 
and supplies the St. Mary's feeder of the INIiami Canal, about three miles dis- 
tant, eastwardly. This reservoir is about nine miles long, and from two to 
four broad. 

Two walls of earth, from ten to twenty feet high, were formed, on the east 
and west, which united with the elevations north and south, surrounded this 
basin. When the water was admitted, whole farms were submerged, and the 
"neighbors" complained lest this overflow should tempt miasma. So groat 
was the excitement, that over one hundred and fifty residents of the county 
united, and with shovels and spades, made a breach in the embankment. 
Many holding prominent positions in the county were engaged in this work, 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 129 

and all laid themselves liable to the State laws, which made the despoiling of 
public works a penitentiary offense. 

The matter was taken up by the courts, but a grand jury could not be 
found in Mercer County to find a bill of indictment. 

The officers who had charge of the work, ignored the law requiring the cut- 
ing and saving of the timber on lands appropriated, for canal reservoirs. The 
trees were ruthlessly girdled, and thousands of acres of valuable timber that 
might have been highly desirable in the building of bridges, etc., were 
destroyed. However, an adjustment was finally effected, and the work Avas 
prosecuted with the entire approbation of the people, who were convinced that 
convenient transportation was to be desired. 

OHIO LAND TRACTS. 

After the Indians relinquished all claims against the lands of those States 
west of the Alleghanies, as they had been obtained by conquest, the United 
States, as a government, owned the soil. AVhen Ohio was admitted into the 
Union, a stipulation was made that the fee simple to all the lands within its 
boundaries, Avith the exception of those previously sold or granted, should vest 
in the General Government. At the present Avriting, but few tracts remain 
that can be called " public lands." In this, as in other States, tracts are des- 
ignated by their pioneer signification or the purpose to which they were origi- 
nally devoted. In Ohio, these tracts are known as : 



1. 


Cgngress Lands. 


8. 


Symmes' Purchase. 


15. 


Maumee Road. 


2. 


United States Military. 


9. 


Refugee Tract. 


16. 


School Lands. 


3 


Virginia Military.. 


10. 


French Grant. 


17. 


College Lands. 


4. 


Western Reserve. 


11. 


Dohrman's Grant. 


18. 


Ministerial Lands. 


5. 


Fire Lands. 


12. 


Zane's Grant. 


19. 


Moravian Lands. 


0. 


Ohio Company's Purchase. 


13. 


Canal Lands. 


20. 


Salt Sections. 


7. 


Donation Tract. 


14. 


Turnpike Lands. 







The lands sold by the direct officers of the Government, under the direc- 
tion of Congress, according to the laws, are known as Congress lands. They 
are properly surveyed, and laid out in townships six miles square, under the 
direction of the Government, and the expense incurred settled by Congress. 
These townships are subdivided into sections, containing 640 acres. One sec- 
tion is reserved, in every township, for educational purposes, to be utilized in 
any manner approved by the State as being the best to aid the cause for which 
they are assigned. 

The Western Reserve will be remembered as the tract originally belonging to 
Connecticut. It lies in the northeast quarter of the State. A half-million acres 
were donated by the old Eastern State, when her claim was in force, to sufferers 
from fire during the Revolutionary Avar, which created the name, " fire lands." 
Many settled here whose homes Avere destroyed by the British during the war. 

It will be remembered, that on account of discoveries by subjects of empires, 
in the New World, the "Old World" kings laid claim to different portions 



130 HISTORY OF THE 8TATE OF OHIO. 

of the YOimg continent. At that period, European knowledge of Anierioan 
iieoirrapliioal positions and limits ^vas exoeedini^lv nieaiior. ^vhieh occasioned 
several Avars and more discussions. These Old-AVorhl sovereigns also assumed 
tlie authoritv to sell or present tracts of land to their subjects, in those terri- 
tories thev deemed their own. 

King Charles II of England granted to his loyal subjects the colony of 
Connecticut, in lGt)'2, jdacing with them a charter of right to all lands within 
certain prescribed boundaries. But these " boundaries " frequently conilicted 
with those of others, and sometimes extended to the Pacific Ocean, or "' South 
Sea," as it was then termed. Connecticut, by her original charter rights, held 
all lands between the forty-first and forty-second parallels of north latitude, and 
from Providence Plantation on the east, to Pacific Ocean on the west, except- 
iniT the New York and Pennsylvania colonies. As late as the establishment of 
the United States as an independent government, those colliding claims fre- 
quently engendered confusion and warm discussion between the nation and 
Connecticut, regarding the original colony claim. This was compromised by 
the national clahns being relinquished in regard to the territorial claim in Ohio, 
and Connecticut holding the 8.800.000 acres described as the *' AVestern Reser- 
vation." The Government held the right of jurisdiction. 

In 1796, Congress set aside a certain division of land, to satisfy the claims 
of officers and soldiers of the Revolutionary war. It includes the 2,500,000 
acres between the Greenville treaty line and the Congress and refugee lands, 
and " VII ranges of townships," on the east, and the Scioto River, west. This 
constitutes the " Military Tract." The '' Virginia Military Tract " lies between 
the Scioto and Little Miami Rivei*s, and extends south to the Ohio. 

James I, in his authorized charter to the Virginia colony, in the year 
1609, made rather visionary boundary lines, sweeping over the continent, west 
of the Ohio River, '' of the north and south breadth of Virginia." Virginia 
reconciled the matter by relin(|uishing all her claims northwest of the Ohio 
River, with the exception of a tract for the purjiose of donating the same to her 
troops of the Revolution — their claims demanding such a return in some section. 
Unfortunately, this tract was not regularly surveyed, and contlicting ''lines " 
have given rise to litigation ever since that stipulation was made. 

The Ohio Company's Purchase has already been described — as has the 
Synnnes Purchase. 

The Refugee Tract covers an area of 100,000 acres, extending eastwardly 
from the Scioto River forty-eight miles, in a strip of country four and one-half 
miles broad, north to south. Columbus, the capital of the State, is situated in 
the western portion. This land was donated by Congress to those individuals 
who left the British dominions and rule, during the Revolution, and espoused 
the American cause. 

The French Tract borders on the Ohio River, in the southeastern qiuirter 
of Scioto County. It includes 24,000 acres, and was ceded to those French 



HISTORY OF TIIK STATK OF OHIO. 131 

families that lost their claims at (/allipolis, throu^fli invalid titles ; 1,200 acres 
were added, after the above; grant of llih'j. 

Dohrman's Grant includes a section, six miles square, in the southeastern 
portion of Tuscarawas County. It was granted to Arnold Henry Dohrman, a 
Portuguese merchant, as a token of appreciation of the aid and shelter he ren- 
dered American cruisers and vessels of war, during the Revolution. 

The Moravian Lands were originally grants by the old Continental Con- 
gress, in 1787, and confirmed by the act of the Government Congress, in 1796, 
to the Moravian Brethren, of Bethlehem, Penn., in sacred trust, and for the 
use of those Indians who embraced Christianity and civilization, desiring to live 
and settle thereon. These three tracts include 4,000 acres each, and are situ- 
ated in Tuscarawas County. In 1823, the Indians relinquished their rights to 
the 12,000 acres in this county, for 24,000 acres, in a , territory designated by 
the United States, together with an annuity of ^400. 

Zane's Tracts included a portion of land on the Muskingum, whereon Zanes- 
ville was built ; another at the crossing of the Hocking, on which Lancaster is 
located ; and yet another on the left bank of the Scioto River, opposite Chilli- 
cothe. These grants were made to Ebenezer Zane, by Congress, in 1796, as a 
reward for opening a road from Wheeling, Va., to Maysville, Ky. In 1802, 
Mr. Zane received three additional tracts, one square mile each, in considera- 
tion of being captured and lield a prisoner, during the Revolutionary war, 
when a boy, by the Indians. He lived with these people most of his life, secur- 
ing many benefits for the Americans. These tracts are located in Champaign 
County. 

The Mauraee Road Lands extend the length of the road, from the Maumee 
River, at Perrysburg, to the western limits of the Western Reserve, a distance 
of forty-six miles — in a strip two miles wide. This includes about 60,000 
acres. These lands were ceded by the Indians, at the treaty of Brownstown, in 
1808. The original intention of Congress was to mark a highway through this 
strip, but no definite action was taken until 1823, wlie/i the land was ceded to 
the State of Ohio, under an obligation that tlie State make and sustain the pro- 
jected road, within four years after the transfer. 

The Turnpike Lands extended over 31,360 acres along the western side of 
the Columbus & Sandusky Turnpike, in the eastern parts of Seneca, Craw- 
ford and Marion Counties. They were designed for the transportation of mail 
stages, troops and other United States property, free from toll. The grant was 
made in 1827. 

" The Ohio Canal Lands " comprise about 1,000,000 acres, set aside for the 
purpose of canal construction. 

When Ohio was admitted to the Union, a guarantee was given that the State 
should not tax Government lands until they sliould have been sold for five years. 
That the thirty-sixth part of all territory witliin the State limits should be de- 
voted to educational purposes, for the general benefit of the population. In 



132 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

order to secure tracts ■which would prove available, and thus insure returns, 
they were selected in small lots. No. 16 was designated as the sectional portion, 
in each township of Congress lands, the Ohio Company's and Symmes Pur- 
chases, the United States Military Lands, the Connecticut Reserve, and a num- 
ber of quarter townships. These school lands were selected by the Secretary 
of the Treasury. ' 

The college townships are thirty-six miles square. A section, thirty-six 
miles square, in the center of Jackson County, in the vicinity and containing 
the Scioto Salt Licks, was also reserved by Congress, together with a quarter- 
mile township in Delaware County. This swept over 27,040 acres. In 1824, 
Congress authorized the State to sell these lands. The proceeds were to be 
devoted to literary requirements, such as might be specified by Congress. 

IMPROVEMENTS. 

We have heretofore briefly alluded to the canal system of Ohio, which in 
the beginning caused considerable anxiety to settlers directly in the course of 
its survey. The Legislature passed the " Internal Improvement by Navigable 
Canals " act, in 1825, and the work was immediately inaugurated and hastened. 
The " Ohio Canal " extends from the lake to the Ohio, and the " Miami " con- 
nects Cincinnati with Dayton. The latter was completed to Toledo in 1844, a 
length of 493 miles. Its total cost, including reservoir cutting and feeders, was 
$7,500,000. The Ohio Canal was finished in 1833. 

During the construction of these canals, the curiosities which have attracted 
antiquarians and scientists, in the State of Ohio, were found in various places. 
Relics were discovered that must have belonged to a giant race. Nearly 3,000 
graves werefound, of the "mound type." 

A third canal was begun in 1836, reaching from Walhonding, in Coshocton 
County, to Roscoe, its length being twenty-five miles, involving an expense of 
$610,000. This was completed in 1842. The Hocking Canal, between Car- 
roll, in Fairfield County, and Athens, in Athens County, a distance of fifty- 
six miles, was also cut, about the same time, at a cost of nearly $1,000,000. 

The Muskingum improvements were also being carried forward. Locks and 
dams were requisite for the perfection of navigation in this water-course, from 
Dresden to Marietta, a distance of ninety-one miles. This added an expense 
of $1,630,000 to the call for improvement appropriations. To the Miami Canal 
was added a feeder, known as the Warren County Canal — extending from 
Franklin to Lebanon, Avhich was not comjdeted, although over $250,000 were 
expended in its construction as far as it went. 

Railway transportation was a subject which engrossed the attention of those in- 
terested in State perpetuity and general prosperity. About the year 1831, the Leg- 
islature received applications for railway charters. The first one granted was the 
" Cincinnati, Sandusky k Cleveland Railroad," on June 5, 1832. The " Sandusky, 
Mansfield & Newark Railroad " obtained a charter in 1836, March 11, followed, 





/cft^A.^n.x.^^^^^4t^ 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 135 

three days thereafter, by the " Cleveland, Columbus & Cincinnati Railroad." 
The " Little Miami " was begun in 1837. Notwithstanding these chartered 
rights, but 129 miles were completed in 1847, and in operation. In 1878, 
the mileage had increased to 6,264. The valuation of the operating roads 
was estimated the same year, at ^76,113,500. Their taxation summed up 
$1,128,116. 

No State in the Union has been more zealous in her educational interests than 
Ohio. Public lands were generously granted by Congress, and the State added 
her affirmation. However, no practical and effectual system was adopted until 
1825. 

An act was then passed to tax all real property one-half mill per dollar for 
the establishment of schools in each township, and the support of the same. 
An act of 1829, increased the tax to three-fourths of a mill. Trustees of 
townships were instructed to make divisions and locate convenient school dis- 
tricts. Householders were to elect three school directors, a clerk and treasurer 
annually. Privileges and restrictions were enjoined in all cases. The house- 
holders were allowed their discretion, governed accordingly, in imposing taxes 
for the erection of school buildings. The Courts of the Common Pleas 
appointed a committee to examine the qualifications of those individuals mak- 
ing application for the position of teachers. The school extended equal privi- 
leges to all white children. Those of colored parentage were excluded, and no 
tax was levied for school purposes upon colored parents. An amendment has 
admitted the children of colored parents. The system has continued the same, 
with a few amendments. A State Commissioner of Common Schools is elected 
every third year, who has general charge of the interests of public schools. A 
State Board of Examiners, composed of three persons, appointed by the State 
Commissioner, for two years' term, is authorized to issue life certificates of high 
qualifications, to such teachers as it may find to possess the requisite scholarship, 
character, experience and ability. These certificates, signed by the Commis- 
sioner, are valid throughout the State. A County Board of Examiners, of 
three members, is formed in each county. Boards of education, for cities, are 
made up of one or two members from each ward. City Boards of Examiners 
are also appointed. Section 4 of the law of 1873, was amended in 1877, which 
made the territory annexed to an incorporated village, at the option of the 
voters of the village and tributary section, whether it be included with the vil- 
lage as one school district, or left as two school districts. Section 56 of the law was 
amended, in its bearing upon cities of 30,000 to 75,000 inhabitants, by limiting 
to five mills on the dollar of taxable property, the levies in such cities for con- 
tinuing schools, for purchasing sites for schoolhouses, for leasing, purchasing, 
erecting and furnishing school houses, and for all school expenses. The public 
funds are subject to the discretion of voters, and boards are authorized, under 
instructions, to make the best use of such funds. Taxation is subject to the 
discretion of the State, certain limits being prescribed. 



136 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

In 1878, the number of youth of the school age numbered 1,041,963. 
On the rolls, 740,194 names Avere recorded. In the year 1878, 23,391 teach- 
ers were employed, receiving $4,956,514.46 for their services. 

Ohio not only sustains her public schools on a broad, liberal basis, but she 
encourages educational pursuits in superior universities and colleges throughout 
the State. These institutions are not aided by State funds, but are sustained by 
society influence, added to their self-supporting resources. Ohio also possesses 
a large number of normal schools, academies, seminaries and business colleges. 
These are not entitled to the privileges of the school fund. Scientific, profes- 
sional, theological, legal and medical instructions are in no manner limited in 
their facilities. Industrial and reformatory schools are especially thorough. 
Institutions for the instruction of the deaf and dumb, and blind, and feeble- 
minded, are under the best discipline. 

We may add, many female seminaries have been established which are entirely 
sustained by other than State aid. Ohio has, from its inception, been solid and 
vigorous in whatever tended toward improvement and enlightenment. 

We have also referred to the banking system of this State, as being first 
established on a basis through a contest between the State and the General 
Government. Authorities differ regarding the exact date and location of the 
very first house established in the State for the purpose of transacting banking 
business. It is highly probable that Marietta is more directly associated with 
that event than any other town. There are at present over one hundred and 
sixty-seven national banks, with an aggregate capital of $27,794,468. It also 
has eighteen banks of deposit, incorporated under the State banking laws of 
1845, representing an aggregate capital of $539,904. Twenty-three savings 
banks, incorporated under the State act of 1875, with an aggregate capital of 
$1,277,500. Of private banks it has 192, Avith an aggregate capital of 
$5,663,898. The State represents in her banking capital over $36,275,770. 
The First National of Cincinnati has a capital stock of over $1,000,000. 
The others fall below that sum, their capital diminishing from 10,000 shares of 
$100 each. The valuation for taxation is $850,000 — Merchant's National of 
Cincinnati — to the valuation of a tax of $5,000 on the First National of 
Beverly. 

BOUNDARY LINES. 

We must not omit the subject of the State boundaries. Ohio was especially 
the field for most animated discussions, relative not only to State limits but 
county lines and township rights. In 1817, a severe controversy arose, which 
was settled only after violent demonstrations and Government interference. 

In primitive times, the geographical position, extent and surface diversities 
were but meagerly comprehended. In truth, it may be asserted they could not 
have been more at variance with actual facts had they been laid out " hap- 
hazard." The ordinance of 1787 represented Lake Michigan far north of its 
real position, and even as late as 1812, its size and location had not been 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 137 

definitely ascertained. During that year, Amos Spafford addressed a clear, com- 
prehensive letter to the Governor of Ohio, on this subject, relative to the 
boundary lines of Ohio. Several lines of survey were laid out as the first 
course, but either Michigan or Ohio expressed disapproval in every case. This 
culminated in 1835, when the party beginning a ''permanent" survey began 
at the northwest corner of the State, and was attacked by a force of Michigan 
settlers who sent them away badly routed and beaten. No effort was made to 
return to the work until the State and various parties had weighed the subject, 
and finally the interposition of the Government became necessary. 

A settlement resulted in Ohio being bounded on the north by Lake Erie 
and the State of Michigan, on the east by Pennsylvania and West Virginia, on 
the south by the Ohio River, and on the west by Indiana. 

It is situated between the 38° 25' and 42° north latitude, and 84° 50' 
west longitude from Greenwich, or 3° 30' and 7° 50' Avest from Washington. 
From north to south, it extends over 210 miles, and from east to west 220 
miles — comprising 39,964 square miles. 

The State is generally higher than the Ohio River. In the southern 
counties, the surface is greatly diversified by the inequalities produced by the 
excavating power of the Ohio River and its tributaries. The greater portion 
of the State was originally covered with timber, although in the central and 
northwestern sections some prairies were found. The crest or watershed 
between the waters of Lake Erie and those of the Ohio is less elevated than 
in New York or Pennsylvania. Sailing upon the Ohio the country appears 
to be mountainous, bluffs rising to the height of two hundred and fifty to six 
hundred feet above the valleys. Ascending the tributaries of the Ohio, these 
precipitous hills gradually lessen until they are resolved into gentle undulations, 
and toward the sources of the river the land is low and marshy. 

Although Ohio has no inland lakes of importance, she possesses a favorable 
river system, which, aided by her canals, gives her prestige of a convenient 
water transportation. The lake on her northern boundary, and the Ohio 
River on her southern limit, afford most convenient outlets by water to impor- 
tant points. Her means of communication and transportation are superior in 
every respect, and are constantly being increased. 

ORGANIZATION OP COUNTIES AND EARLY EVENTS. 

Adams County was named in honor of John Adams, second President of 
the United States. Gov. St. Clair proclaimed it a county on July 10, 1797. 
The Virginia Military Tract included this section, and the first settlement made 
within its boundaries wasin this county in 1790-91, between the Scioto and Little 
Miami, at Manchester, by Gen. Nathaniel Massie. In this town was held the 
first court of the county. 

West Union, the present county seat, was laid out by the Hon. Thomas 
Kirker. It occupies the summit of a high ridge. The surface of this county is 



138 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

hilly and broken, and the eastern part is not fertile. Tt produces corn, wheat, oats 
and pork. Beds of iron are found in the eastern part. Its hills are composed of 
aluminous shale. The barren hills afford a range for cattle and hoo;s. A sort 
of vagrant class derive a support by collecting stones, hoop-poles and tanners' 
harks from these hills. 

Ashland County is one of the finest agricultural sections. It was formed 
T'ebruary 26, 1846. Wheat comprises its principal crop, although large quan- 
tities of oats, corn, potatoes, grass and fruit are raised. Ashland is its county 
seat, and was laid out by William Montgomery in 1816. It was called Union- 
town for several years. Daniel Carter raised the first cabin within the county 
limits in 1811. 

Auglaize County was formed in February, 1848, from Allen and Mercer 
Counties. Wapakoneta is its county seat. 

Allen County was formed from the Indian Territory April 1, 1820. Lima 
is its county seat. 

Ashtabula County was formed June 7, 1807, and was organized January 
22, 1811. The surface is level near the lake, while the remainder is undulat- 
ing. The soil is mostly clay. Very little wheat is raised, but considerable 
corn and oats. Butter and cheese are the main marketable productions. This 
was the first county settled on the Western Reserve, and also the earliest in 
Northern Ohio. On the 4th of July, 1796, the first surveying party arrived 
at the mouth of Conneaut Creek. Judge James Kingsbury was the first who 
wintered there with his family. He was the first man to use a sickle in the 
first wheat-field in the Western Reserve. Their child Avas the first born on the 
Western Reserve, and w^as starved to death. The first regular settlement was 
at Harpersfield, in 1798. 

Jefferson is the county seat. Ashtabula is pleasantly situated on the river, 
with a fine harbor two and a half miles from the village. 

The first church on the Western Reserve was founded at Austinburg in 
1801. 

Athens County was formed from Washington March 1, 1805. It produces 
wheat, corn, oats and tobacco. The surface is hilly and broken, with rich bot- 
tom lands between. Coal, iron ore and salt add materially to its commercial 
value. It has the advantage of the canal, as well as other transportation. 
Athens, its county seat, is situated on the Hocking River. The Ohio Uni- 
versity, the first college founded in the State, is located here. We have 
mentioned the ancient mounds found in this county, heretofore. Yellow pine is 
abundant in the lower part of the Hocking Valley. 

Brown County was formed March 1, 1818, from Adams and Clermont. It 
produces wheat, corn, rye, oats and pork. The southern part is prolific in 
grain, while the northern is adapted to grazing purposes. The surface is undu- 
lating, with the exception of the Ohio River hills. Over this county Tecumseb 
-once held sway 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. ISST 

Georgetown is the county seat, and was laid out in 1819. Ripley is the larg- 
est business town in the county. 

Belmont County was announced by Gov. St. Clair September 7, 1801. It 
produces large crops of wheat, oats, corn and tobacco, an annual crop of over 
2,000,000 pounds of the latter being the average. It also trades largely in 
wool and coal. It is a picturesque tract of country, and was one of the 
pioneers in the early settled portions. 

In 1790, Fort Dillie was erected on the west side of the Ohio. Baker's: 
Fort was a mile below the mouth of the Captina. Many desperate Indian bat- 
tles were fought within the limits of this county, and the famous Indian scout, 
Lewis Wetzel, roamed over the region. 

St. Clairsville is the county seat, situated on the elevation of land, in a fer- 
tile district. Capt. Kirkwood and Elizabeth Zane, of historic fame, were early 
pioneers here. 

Butler County was formed in 1803, from Hamilton. It is within the blue 
limestone formation, and one of the most fertile sections of Ohio. It pi'oduces 
more corn than any other county in the State, besides fine crops of wheat, 
oats and large quantities of pork. Hamilton, the county seat, is situated on the 
Great Miami. Its hydraulic works furnish superior water-power. Rossville, 
on the opposite side of the Miami, is a large mercantile town. 

St. Clair passed through this county on his Indian campaigns in 1791^ 
building Fort Hamilton on the Miami. 

Champaign County was formed March 1, 1805, from Greene and Franklin. 
It is drained by Mad River and its tributaries, which furnishes extensive mill 
privileges. Nearly a half is undulating, a quarter rolling, a fifth hilly, and 
5 per cent wet prairie. The soil is fertile, and produces wheat, corn, oats,, 
barley, hay, while beef and wool add to the general wealth. Urbana, the 
county seat, was laid out in 1805, by Col. William Ward. He was chief owner 
of the land and donated many lots to the county, under condition that their 
proceeds be devoted to public improvements. Joseph Vance and George 
Fithian were the first settlers. The Methodists built the first church in 1807. 
The main army of Hull concentrated at this point before setting out for Detroit. 
Many Indian councils were called here, and Tecumseh was located for a time 
near Deer Creek. 

Carroll County was formed from Columbiana in 1832-33. It produces 
wheat, oats and corn, and valuable coal and iron. The surface is hilly. Car- 
rollton is its county seat. At Harlem is a celebrated chalybeate spring. 

Clark County Avas formed March 1, 1817, from Champaign, Madison and 
Greene. Its second settlement was at Kreb's Station, in 1796. It is highly culti- 
vated, well watered and very fertile. The Mad River, Buck and Beaver Creeks 
furnish abundant water-power. It produces principally wheat, corn and oats. 

Tecumseh, the old Indian warrior, was born at the ancient Indian vil- 
lage of Piqua, on the Mad River, on the site of New Boston. Piqua waa 



140 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

destroyed by Gen. George Rogers Clarke. Skeletons, beads, gun barrels, 
tomahawks, kettles, etc., have been found in the vicinity. 

Springfield, the county seat, is situated on the National road. It has con- 
venient transportation facilities, is handsomely laid out, and is noted for its 
cultured citizens. It is near Mad River, and Buck Creek runs through it. 

Clinton County was formed in 1810. It produces chiefly wheat, oats, 
wool and pork. Its surface is undulating, in some parts hilly, and the soil fer- 
tile. Its streams furnish desirable water-power. The county was settled in 
1798-99. Wilmington i.-s the county seat, and was laid out in 1810. The first 
log house was built by William Hobsin. 

Clermont County Avas the eighth formed in the Northwest Territory, by 
proclamation of Gov. St. Clair, December 9, 1800. The soil is exceedingly 
rich, aTid the surface is broken and, near the Ohio, hilly. Wheat, corn, oats, 
hay, j)otatocs, tobacco, .barley, buckwheat and rye form the main crops, while 
beef, pork, flour, hay and whisky constitute its main exports. Its streams 
furnish good water-power. Batavia, its county seat, is situated on the Little 
Miami Rivei', and was laid out in 1820, by George Ely. • 

Columbiana County was formed March 25, 1803, from Jefferson and Wash- 
ington. Its soil is very fertile, producing wheat, corn, oats and potatoes. It 
is wealthy in mineral deposits, coal, iron ore, lime and freestone being abun- 
dant. Its water-lime stone is of superior quality. Salt water is found on Yel- 
low and Beaver Creeks. This is also the great wool-producing county of 
the State. It was settled in 1797. New Lisbon, its county seat, is well 
built. 

The first paper-mill in Ohio was erected in this county, on Little Beaver 
Creek, by John Coulter and John Bever. 

Coshocton County was organized April 1, 1811. Its principal products are 
wheat, corn, oats and wool. Hills and valleys alternate along the Muskingum 
River. Abrupt changes are strongly marked — a rich alluvum being overhung 
by a red bush hill, while directly beside it may be seen the poplar and sugar 
tree. Coal and iron ore add to its general importance, while salt wells have 
proven remunerative. 

Coshocton, the county seat, is built on four wide, natural terraces, at the 
junction of the Tuscarawas with the Walhonding. 

^Cuyahoga County Avas formed June 7, 1807, from Geauga. Near the lake, 
the soil is sandy, while a clayey loam may be found elsewhere. The valleys 
near the streams produce wheat, barley and hay. Fruit is successfully grown, 
and cheese, butter, beef and wool are largely exported. Bog iron is found in 
the western part, and fine grindstone quarries are in operation. The sandstone 
from these quarries is now an important article of eonnnerce. As early as 
1775, there Avas a French settlement Avithin the boundaries of Cuyahoga. In 
1786, a Moravian missionary came to the present site of Cleveland, and set- 
tled in an abandoned village of the OttaAvas. Circumstances prevented a 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. ' 1-11 

permanent settlement, and the British tacitly took possession, even remaining 
upon tlie lake shores after the Revolution. 

The first permanent settlement was made at Cleveland in 1796. Mr. Job 
v.. Stiles and family and Edward Paine passed the first winter there, their log 
cabin standing where the Commercial Bank is now located. Rodolphus 
Edwards and Nathaniel Doane settled here. The town was, in 1813, a depot 
of supplies and a rendezvous for troops engaged in the war. 

Cleveland, the county seat, is situated at the northern termination of the 
Ohio Canal, on the lake shore. In 1814, it was incorporated as a village, and 
in 1836, as a city. Its elevation is about a hundred feet above the lake. It 
is a lovely city, and has one of the best harbors on Lake Erie. 

Ohio City is another important town, nearly opposite Cleveland, on the 
Cuyahoga. It was incorporated in 1836. 

Crawford County was formed April 1, 1820, from the old Indian territory. 
The entire county is adapted to grazing. The soil is generally composed of 
rich vegetable loam, and in some parts the subsoil is clay mixed with lime. 
Rich beds of shell marl have been discovered. It produces wheat, corn, oats, 
clover, timothy seed, wool and cattle. Fine limestone quarries are worked with 
success. 

Bucyrus is the county seat, and was laid out February 11, 1822, by Samuel 
Norton and James Kilbourn, original owners of the land. The first settler in 
the town proper was Samuel Norton. A gas well has been dug in Bucyrus, 
on the land of R. W. Musgrove, which burns in a brilliant light when con- 
ducted to the surfiice by means of pipes. Crawford's Sulphur Springs are 
located nine miles from Bucyrus. The water is impregnated with sulphuretted 
hydrogen. It deposits a reddish-purple sediment. In its nature the water is a 
cathartic, and is diuretic and diaphoretic in its effects. A few rods away is a 
burning spring. The Annapolis Sulphur Spring is clear and has gained consid- 
erable fame by its curative qualities. Opposite Bucyrus is a chalybeate spring 
of tonic qualities. 

There are some beds of peat in the county, the most extensive one being a 
wet prairie called Cranberry Marsh, containing nearly 2,000 acres. 

DarkQ County was organized in March, 1817, from Miami County. It is 
abundantly timbered with poplar, walnut, blue ash, hickory, beech and sugar 
maple. It yields superior wheat, and is well adapted to grazing. In this 
county occurred the lamentable defeat of St. Clair, and the treaty of Greenville. 

Greenville is the county seat, and was laid out August 10, 1808, by Robert 
Gray and John Dover In December, 1793, Wayne built Fort Greenville on 
this spot, which covered about the same extent as the present town. 

Delaware County was formed February 10, 1808, from Franklin. It pro- 
duces mainly wheat, corn, oats, pork and wool. 

Delaware is the county seat, and was laid out in the spring of 1808, by 
Moses Byxbe. The Delaware Spring in the village is of the white sulphur or 



142 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

cold hydro-sulphurous nature, valuable for medicinal qualities in cases of bilious 
derangements, dyspepsia, scrofulous affections, etc. 

Defiance County was inaugurated March 4, 1845, from Williams, Henry 
and Paulding. The Maumee, TiflSn and Auglaize flow through it. The Black 
Swamp covers much of its area. 

Defiance, the county seat, is situated on the Maumee. It was laid out in 
1822, by B. Level and H. Phillips. A large Indian settlement occupied its 
gite in very early times. Wayne arrived here August 8, 1794, captured the 
place, finding about one thousand acres of corn, peach and apple orchards, and 
vegetables of all varieties. Here he built Fort Defiance. 

Erie County was formed in 1838, from Huron and Sandusky. The soil is 
alluvial, and yields large crops of wheat, corn, oats and potatoes. It possesses 
inexhaustable quarries of limestone and freestone. Immense quantities of bog 
iron are also found. The Erie tribe is said to have once occupied the land, and 
were extirpated by the Iroquois. As early as 1754, the French had built set- 
tlements. In 1764, the county was besieged. Pontiac came here with warlike 
demonstrations, but made peace with the whites. Erie was included in the 
"fire lands" of the Western Reserve. 

Sandusky City is the county seat, and was laid out in 1817, then termed 
Portland. At that time it contained two log huts. The town is finely situated, 
and is based upon an inexhaustible quarry of the finest limestone. In the 
"patriot war" with the Canadians, this city was the rendezvous for the 
"patriots." 

Franklin County was formed April 30, 1803, from Ross. It contains 
much low wet land, and is better adapted to grazing than agricultural purposes. 
It was in early times occupied by the Wyandot Indians. Its first white set- 
tlement was made in 1797, by Robert Armstrong and others. Franklinton 
was laid out in 1797, by Lucas Sullivan. Worthington was settled by the 
Scioto Company in 1801. Col. Kilbourn, Avho was interested in the work, 
constructed the first map of Ohio during his explorations, by uniting sectional 
diagrams. 

Columbus, the capital of the State of Ohio, is also the county seat of 
Franklin County. After the organization of a State government, the capital 
was "portable" until 1816. In 1810, the sessions were held at Chillicothe, 
in 1811 and 1812 at Zanesville, removing again to Chillicothe, and, in 1816, 
being located at Columbus. The town was laid out during the spring of 1812. 
A penitentiary was erected in 1813, and the State House was built in 1814. 
It was incorporated as "the borough of Columbus," February 10, 1816. The 
city charter was granted March 3, 1834. 

It is beautifully located on the east bank of the Scioto. The Columbus 
Institute is a classical institution. A female and a theological seminary also 
add to its educational advantages. The Ohio Lunatic Asylum is also located 
here — also the Ohio Institution for the Education of the Blind. East of the 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 143 

State House is the Ohio Institution for the Education of the Deaf and 
Dumb. 

Fairfield County was formed by proclamation of Gov. St. Clair, December 
9, 1800. 

The soil is varied, being in some parts exceedingly rich, and in others very 
sterile. It produces principally wheat, corn, rye, oats, buckwheat, barley, 
potatoes and tobacco. 

Lancaster is the county seat, laid out by Ebenezer Zane in 1800. In 1797, 
he opened the road known as "Zane's Trace," from Wheeling to Limestone — 
now Maysville. It passed through Lancaster, at a fording about three hundred 
yards below the present turnpike bridge. Near the turn stands an imposing 
eminance called " Standing Stone." Parties of pleasure frequently visit this spot. 

Fayette County was formed from Ross and Highland in 1810. Wheat, 
corn, cattle, hogs, sheep and avooI comprise its main productions. " The bar- 
rens ' ' are situated in the northeastern part. This tract is covered by a growth 
of grass. 

Washington is its county seat, laid out in 1810. 

Col. Stewart was active in the interests of this section, and his memory is 
sacredly revered. Jesse Milliken was prominent in public affairs. 

Fulton County, bordering on Michigan, was organized in 1850. It is 
drained by Bean Creek and other small affluents of the Maumee River. The 
surface is nearly level, and a large part of it is covered with forests of ash, 
beech, elm, hickory, white oak, black walnut, etc., furnishing excellent timber. 
The soil is fertile. Wheat, corn, oats and hay are the staple products. Wau- 
seon is the county seat. 

Guernsey County was organized in March, 1810. Wool is a staple prod- 
uct, together with beef, horses and swine. It produces wheat, corn and oats. 

Cambridge is the county seat and was laid out in June, 1806. Mr. 
Graham was the first settler on the site of the town, and his was the only 
dwelling between Lancaster and Wheeling. 

The first cannel coal found in the county was discovered near Mill's Creek. 

Greene County was formed May 1, 1803, from Hamilton and Ross. It 
produces wheat, corn, rye, grass-seed, oats, barley, sheep and swine. The 
streams furnish good water-power. There are five limestone quarries, and a 
marble quarry of variegated colors. The Shawnee town was on the Little 
Miami, and was visited by Capt. Thomas Bullit in 1773. When Daniel Boone 
Avas captured in 1778, he was brought to this town, and escaped the followino- 
year. Gen. Clarke invaded this county and the Indians reduced the town to ashes. 

Xenia, the county seat, was laid oif in the forest in 1803, by Joseph C. 
Vance. The first cabin was erected in April, 1804, by John Marshall. The 
Rev. James Fowler built the first hewed-log cabin. David A. Sanders built 
the first frame house. Nine miles north of the town, on the Little Miami 
River, are the Yellow Springs, which are impregnated with sulphur. 



144 IIISTOUY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

Geauga County was formed iu 1805 from Trumbull. It exports sheep, 
cattle, butter and cheese. It is situated at the liead of Chargrine, Cuyahoga and 
a part of Grand Kivers, on high ground, and is subjected to snowstorms more 
frequently than any other part of the Reserve. Its first settlement was made 
in 1708, at Burton. Chardon is fourteen miles from Lake Erie, and is GOO 
feet above it. It was laid out as the county seat in 1808. 

Gallia County was formed April 30, 180-), from Washington. Its princi- 
pal crops are wheat, corn, oats and beans. The surface is generally broken. 
Its first settlement was made in 1791, by a French colony, at Gallipolis. This 
colony was sent out under the auspices of the Scioto Company. This town is 
now the county seat. 

Hamilton County was the second established in the Northwestern Territory 
by proclamation of Gov. St. Clair, January 2, 1790. Its surface is gen- 
erally rolling. It produces the ordinary firm products, and a great variety 
of fruits and vegetables for the Cincinnati market. Vineyards thrive well 
within its limits, and tlio manufacture of wine is carried on to a considerable 
extent. 

This county was the second settled in Ohio, and the first within the Symmes 
purchase. Settlers arrived at the spot now occupied by Cincinnati, and three 
or four log cabins were erected. Gen. Arthur St. Clair arrived here in Janu- 
ary, 1790. The army of Wayne encamped here later, at Fort Washington. 
Mr. Maxwell established in 1793 the Sentinel of the Northwestern Territory, 
the first newspaper printed north of the Ohio River. In 1796, Edward Free- 
man became its proprietor, and changed the name to Freeman's Journal. 
January 11, 1794, two keel-boats sailed from Cincinnati to Pittsburgh, making 
regular trips every four weeks. In 1801, the first sea vessel built at Mari- 
etta came down the Ohio. 

Cincinnati, the county seat, was incorporated January 2, 1802. It was char- 
tered as a city in 1819. The city is beautifully laid out and delightfully situ- 
ated. Its public buildings are elegant and substantial, including the court 
house and many literary and charitable institutions. 

The Cincinnati College was founded in 1819. It stands in the center of 
the city. It is built in Grecian-Doric style, with pilaster fronts and facade of 
Dayton marble. Woodward College is also popular. 

The Catholics have founded the St. Xavier's College. Lane Seminary, a 
theological institution, is at Walnut Hills, two miles from the center of the city. 
It h;us over 10,000 volumes in its libraries. No charge is made for tuition. 
Rooms are provided and furnished at $5 per year, and board ranges from 62| 
cents to 90 cents a week. The Cincinnati Law School is connected with Cin- 
cinnati College. The Mechanics' Institute was chartered in 1828, and is in all 
respects well supplied with apparatus. A college for teachers was established in 
1831, its object being to perfect those contemplating entering that profession in 
their studies and system. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 145 

The Cincirmuti Orphuri yisylum is an elegant building, and has a library 
and well-organized school attached. The Catholics of the city have one male 
and female orphan asylum. The Commercial Hospital and Lunatic Asylum of 
Ohio was incorporated in 1821. 

Cincinnati is a large manufacturing city, and possesses fme water-power 
facilities. It communicates with the world by means of its canal, river, turnpikes, 
and railways. North Bend is another prominent town in this county, having 
been the residence of Gen. William H. Harrison, and the site of his burial 
place. The town was of considerable importance in the early settlement of the 
State. About tliirty yards from Harrison's tomb is the grave of Judge 
Symmes. 

Hancock County was formed April 1, 1820. It produces wheat, oats, corn, 
pork and maple sugar. The surface is level and its soil is fertile. Blanchard's 
Fork waters the central and southern part of tiie county. Findlay, the county 
seat, was laid out by ex-Gov. Joseph Vance and Elnathan Corry, in 1821. It 
was relaid in 1829. William Vance settled there in the fall of 1821. At the 
south end of the town, are two gas wells. In the eastern part, is a mineral 
spring, and west of the bridge, is a chalybeate spring. 

Hardin County was formed April 1, 1820, from the old Indian Territory. 
It produces, principalh% wheat, corn and swine. A portion of the surface is 
level, and the remainder undulating. Fort McArthur was built on the Scioto 
River, but proved a weak stockade. Kenton is the county seat, situated on the 
Scioto River. 

Harrison County was formed from Jefferson and Tuscarawas January 1, 
1814. The surface is hilly, abounding in coal and limestone. Its soil is clayey. 
It is one of the important wool-growing counties in Ohio. It produces large 
quantities of wheat, corn, oats and hay, besides a considerable number of horses, 
cattle and swine. 

In April, 1799, Alexander Henderson and family settled in this county, and 
at the same time, Daniel Peterson and his family resided at the forks of Short 
Creek. The early settlers were much annoyed by Indians and wild beasts. 
C-idiz is the county seat, and was laid out in 1803 and 1804, by Messrs. Briggs 
and Beatty. 

Henry County Was formed from the old Indian Territory, April 1, 1820. 
Indian corn, oats, potatoes, and maple sugar constitute the main products. 
The county is well supplied with running streams, and the soil is unusually rich. 

The greater portion of this county is covered by the " Black Swamp." 
Throughout this swamp are ridges of limestone, covered with black walnut, red 
elm, butternut and maple. The soil is superior for grain. Fruit thrives and 
all varieties of vegetables are produced in large quantities. Simon Girty, noto- 
rious for his wicked career, resided in this county. Girty led the attack on 
Fort Henry, in September, 1777. He demanded the surrender of the fort, 
and menaced its inmates with an Indian massacre, in case of refusal. The 



146 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

action began, but the fort gained the victory. He led a ferocious band of Indi- 
ans, and committed the most fiendish atrocities. 

Napoleon, the county seat, is situated on the Maumee River. 

Highland County was formed in May, 1805, from Ross, Adams and Cler- 
mont. It is a wealthy, productive county. Its wheat commands a high mar- 
ket price. The crops consist of wheat, corn, oats, maple sugar, wool, swine 
and cattle. Its first settlement began in 1801, at New Market, by Oliver Ross, 
Robert Keeston, George W. Barrere, Bernard Weyer and others. Simon Ken- 
ton made a trace through this county in early times. Ilillsboro is the 
county seat, and was laid out in 1807, by David Hays, on the land of Benja- 
min Ellicott. It is situated on the dividing ridge, between the Miami and Sci- 
oto. The Ilillsboro Academy was founded in 1827. 

Hocking County was formed March 1, 1818, from Ross, Athens and Fair- 
field. Its principal products are corn, wheat, tobacco and maple sugar. Its 
surface is broken and hilly, but is level and fertile beside the streams. 

The Wyandots once occupied this tract, and built a large town herein. In 
1798, a few white families ventured to settle. Logan is its county seat, and is 
situated on the Hocking River. 

Holmes County was formed from Coshocton, Tuscarawas and Wayne, Janu- 
ary 20, 1824. It produces wheat, corn, oats, potatoes, maple sugar, swine, 
sheep and cattle. The southwestern portion is broken. Thomas Butler was 
the first settler, in 1810. Millersburg is the county seat, and was laid out in 
1830. 

Huron County was organized in 1815. It produces hay, wheat, corn, oats, 
barley, buckwheat, flaxseed, potatoes, butter, cheese, wool and swine. Nor- 
walk is the county seat. 

Jackson County was organized March, 1816. The country is rich in min- 
erals and abounds in coal and iron ore. The exports are cattle, wool, swine, 
horses, lumber, millstones, tobacco and iron. Jackson, the county seat, was 
laid out in 1817. The old Scioto salt-works were among the first worked in 
Ohio by the whites. Prior to this period, the Indians came some distance to 
this section to make salt. When Daniel Boone was a prisoner, he spent some 
time at these works. 

Jefferson County was proclaimed by Gov. St. Clair July 29, 1797, and 
was the fifth county established in Ohio. It is one of the most important 
manufacturing counties in the State. Its resources in coal are also extended. 
The surface is hilly and the soil fertile, producing wheat, corn and oats. The 
old "Mingo" town was on the present fiirms of Jeremiah Hallock and Mr. 
Daniel Potter. The troops of Col. Williamson rendezvoused at this point, 
when they set out in their cruel Moravian campaign, and also the troops of 
Col. Crawford, when they started on the campaign against the Sandusky 
Indians. Here Logan, the powerful and manly chief of the Mingo nation, 
once resided. He took no active part in the old French war, which closed in 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 147 

1760, except that of a peacemaker. He was a stanch friend of the whites 
until the abominable and unprovoked murder of his father, brother and sister, 
which occurred in 1774, near the Yellow Creek. He then raised the battle 
cry and sought revenge. 

However, Logan was remarkably magnanimous toward prisoners who fell 
into his hands. The year 1793 was the last spent in Indian warfare in Jeffer- 
son County. 

Fort Steuben was erected on the present site of Steuben ville, the county seat, 
in 1789. It was constructed of block-houses, with palisade fences, and was dis- 
mantled during Wayne's campaign. Bezaleel Wells and Hon. James Ross laid 
the town out in 1798. It was incorporated February 14, 1805. It is situated 
upon an elevated plain. In 1814, Messrs. Wells and Dickerson built a woolen 
manufactory, and introduced merino sheep to the county. 

Knox County was formed March 1, 1808, from Fairfield. It is drained by 
the Vernon River. It produces wheat, corn, oats, tobacco, maple sugar, pota- 
toes and wool. Mount Vernon was laid out in 1805. The early settlers found 
two wells on the Vernon River, built of hammered stone, neatly laid, and near 
by was a salt-lick. Their direct origin remains a mystery. Gilman Bryant, 
in 1807, opened the first store in Mount Vernon. The court house was built 
in 1810. The Indians came to Mount Vernon in large numbers for the pur- 
pose of trading in 'furs and cranberries. Each Saturday, the settlers worked 
on the streets, extracting stumps and improving the highway. The first settler 
north of the place was N. M. Young, who built his cabin in 1803. Mount 
Vernon is now the county seat, beautifully situated on Vernon River. Kenyon 
College is located at Gambler. It is richly endowed with 8,000 acres, and is 
valued at $100,000. This institution was established under the auspices of 
Bishop Chase, in July, 182G, in the center of a 4,000-acre tract belonging to 
Kenyon College. It was chartered as a theological seminary. 

Lucas County is of comparatively recent origin. A large portion is covered 
by the "Black Swamp." It produces corn, wheat, potatoes and oats. This 
county is situated in the Maumee Valley, which was the great arena of histori- 
cal events. The frightful battle of Wayne's campaign, where the Indians found 
the British to be traitors, was fought near Fort Miami, in this county. Maumee 
City, the county seat, was laid out in 1817, as Maumee, by Maj. William Oliver 
and others. It is situated on the Maumee, at the head of navigation. The 
surface is 100 feet above the water level. This town, with Perrysburg, its neighbor, 
is exceedingly picturesque, and was in early times frequented by the Indians. 
The French had a trading station at this point, in 1680, and in 1794, the Brit- 
ish Fort — Miami — was built. Toledo is on the left bank of the Maumee, and 
covers the site of a stockade fort, known as Fort Industry, erected in 1800. 
An Indian treaty was held here July 4, 1805, by which the Indians relinquished 
all rights to the " fire lands." In 1832, Capt. Samuel Allen gave an impetus 
to the place, and Maj. Stickney also became interested in its advancement. 



148 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

Speculation in lots began in 1834. The Wabash & Erie Canal interest arose in 
1836, Mr. Mason and Edward Bissel added their energies to assist the growth 
of the town. It was incorporated as a city in 1836. It was the center of the 
military operations in the " Ohio and Michigan Avar," known as the ''boundary 
conflict." 

The Ordinance of 1787 provided for the division of the Northwestern Terri- 
tory into three or five States. The three southern were to be divided from the 
two northern by a line drawn east and west through the southern point of Lake 
Michigan, extending eastward to the Territorial line in Lake Erie. The consti- 
tution of Ohio adds a provision that if the line should not go so far north as the 
north cape of Maumee Bay, then' the northern boundary of Ohio should be a 
line drawn from the southerly part of Lake Michigan to the north cape of the 
Maumee Bay. 

The line of the ordinance was impossible, according to its instructions and 
the geography of the country. 

When Michigan became a Territory, the people living between the " Fulton " 
and '• Harris " lines found it more to their wishes to be attached to Michigan. 
They occupied disputed ground, and were thus beyond the limits of absolute 
law. In 1835, the subject was greatly agitated, and J. Q. Adams made a warm 
speech before Congress against the Ohio claim. The Legislature of Ohio dis- 
cussed the matter, and an act was passed to attach the disputed section to Ohio, 
according to the constitutional decree. An active campaign opened between 
Michigan and Ohio. Gov, Lucas came out with the Ohio troops, in the spring 
of 1835, and Gov. Mason, of Michigan, followed the example. He marched 
into Toledo, robbed melon-patches and chicken-houses, crushed in the front 
door of Maj. Stickney's house, and carried him away prisoner of war. Embas- 
sadors were sent from Washington to negotiate matters — Richard Rush, of Penn- 
sylvania and Col. Howard, of Maryland. At the next session of Congress, the 
matter was settled. Samuel Vinton argued for Ohio, in the House, and Thomas 
Ewing in the Senate. Michigan received an equivalent of the large peninsula 
between Lakes Huron, Michigan and Superior. Ohio received the disputed 
strip, averaging eight miles in width. Manhattan, Waterville and Providence 
are all flourishing tow^ns. 

Lorain County was formed from Huron, Cuyahoga and Medina, on Decem- 
ber 26, 1822. The soil is generally fertile, and the surface level. Wheat, 
grass, oats, corn, rye and potatoes constitute the principal crops. Bog-iron ore 
is found in large quantities. A curious relic has been found in this county, bear- 
ing the date of 1533. Elyria is the county seat, and was laid out in 1817. 
The first settler was Mr. Heman Ely. Oberlin is situated about eight miles 
southwest of Elyria. The Oberlin Collegiate Institute has attained a wide 
celebrity. 

Logan County was formed March 1, 1817. The surface is broken and hilly 
near the Mad River, but is generally level. The soil is fertile, producing 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO 149 

wheat, corn, rye, oats, clover, llax and timothy seed. The Shawnee Indians 
Avere located here, and built several villages on the Mad River. These towns 
were destroyed in 1786, by a body of Kentuckians, under Gen. Benjamin 
Logan. The whites surprised the towns. However, they returned after the 
work of destruction had been completed, and for many years frequented the 
section. On the site of Zanes field was a Wyandot village. By the treaty of 
September 29, 1817, the Senecas and Shawnees held a reservation around 
Lewistown. April 6, 1832, they vacated this right and removed west. Isaac 
Zane was born about the year 1753, and was, while a boy, captured and after- 
ward adopted by the Wyandots. Attaining the age of manhood, he had no 
desire to return to his people. He married a Wyandot woman, who was half 
French. After the treaty of Greenville, he bought 1,800 acres on the site of 
Zanesville, where he lived until the year 1816, when he died, lamented by all 
his friends. 

Logan County was settled about the year 1806. During the war of 1812, 
it was a rendezvous for friendly Indians. Bellefontaine, the county seat, was 
laid out March 18, 1820, on land owned by John Tulles and William Powell. 
Joseph Gordon built a cabin, and Anthony Ballard erected the first frame 
dwelling. 

Gen. Simon Kenton is buried at the head of Mad River, five miles from 
Bellefontaine. He died April 29, 1836, aged eighty-one years and twenty-six 
days. This remarkable man came West, to Kentucky, in 1771. He probably 
encountered more thrilling escapes than any other man of his time. In 1778, 
he was captured and suffered extreme cruelties, and was ransomed by the British. 
He soon recovered his robust health, and escaped from Detroit the following 
spring. He settled in Urbana in 1802. He was elected Brigadier General of 
the militia, and in the war of 1812, joined Gen. Harrison's army. In the year . 
1820, he removed to Mad River. Gen. Vance and Judge Burnet secured him 
a pension, of $20 per month 

Licking County was formed from Fairfield March 1, 1808. The surface is 
generally level, diversified by slight hills in the eastern portion. The soil is 
fertile, producing wheat, corn, oats and grass. Coal and iron ore of good 
quality add to the wealth of the county. Wool and dairy productions are also 
staples. Newark is the county seat, and is situated at the confluence of the 
three prmcipal branches of the Licking. It was laid out by Gen. William C. 
Schenk, George W. Burnet and John M. Cummings, who owned this military 
section of 4,000 acres, in 1801. In 1802, Samuel Elliott and Samuel Parr 
built hewed-log houses. The picturesque "Narrows of the Licking " are in 
the eastern part of the county, which have elicited general praise from scenic 
hunters. 

Lawrence County was organized March 1, 1816. There are many high 
and abrupt hills in this section, which abound in sand or freestone. It is rich 
in minerals, and the most important section of Ohio for iron manufacture. 



150 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

Coal is abundant, and white clay exists in the western part suitable for pot- 
tery purposes. Agricultural productions are not extensive. 

The county was settled in 1797 by the Dutch and Irish. The iron region 
extends through the west part of this county. Lawrence County produces a 
superior quality of iron, highly esteemed for castings, and is equal to Scotch 
pig for furnace purposes. Burlington is the county seat. 

Lake County was formed from Geauga and Cuyahoga March 6, 1840. The 
soil is good and the surface rolling. It produces wheat, corn, oats, buckwheat, 
barley, hay and potatoes. Dairy products, cattle and wool are also staples. 
Its fruits — apples, peaches, pears, plums and grapes are highly prized. As 
early as 1799, a settlement was formed at Mentor. Painesville, the county 
seat, is situated on Grand River, in a beautiful valley. The Painesville Acad- 
emy is a classical institution for the education of both sexes. Near the town 
is the Geauga furnace. Painesville was laid out by Henry Champion in 1805. 
At Fairport, the first warehouse in this section, and probably the first on the 
lake, was built by Abraham Skinner in 1803. This town has a fine harbor, 
and has a light-house and beacon. Kirtland, southwest from Painesville, was, 
in 1834, the headquarters of the Mormons. At that time, they numbered 
about three thousand. The old Mormon temple is of rough stone, plastered 
over, colored blue, and marked to imitate regular courses of masonry. As is 
well known, the Mormons derive their name from the book of Mormon, said to 
have been translated from gold plates found in a hill in Palmyra, N. Y. 

Madison County was organized in March, 1810. The surface is generally 
level. It produces grass, corn, oats and cattle — the latter forming a chief 
staple, while wool and pork add to the general wealth. 

Jonathan Alder was much interested in the settlement of the county. He, 
like home other whites, had lived with the Indians many years, and had formed 
a lasting affection for them, and had married a squaw, with whom he became 
dissatisfied, which caused him to desire finding his own family. He suc- 
ceeded in this through the assistance of John Moore. He left his wife and 
joined his people. 

This county was first settled in 1795. Benjamin Springer made a clearing 
and built a cabin. He settled near Alder, and taught him the English lan- 
guage. Mr. Joshua Ewing brought four sheep to this place, and the Indians 
exhibited great astonishment over these strange animals. When the hostilities 
of 1812 began, the British offered inducements to the Indians to join them, and 
they consulted Alder regarding the best policy to adopt. He advised them to 
preserve neutrality until a later period, which they did, and eventually became 
firm friends of the Americans. 

London is the county seat, and was laid out in 1810-11, by Patrick McLene. 

Marion County was organized March 1, 1824. The soil is fertile, and pro- 
duces extensive farm crops. The Delaware Indians once held a reservation 
here, and conceded their claims in 1829, August 3, and removed west of the 




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HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 153 

Mississippi. Marion, the county seat, was laid out in 1821, by Eber Baker 
and Alexander Holmes. Gen. Harrison marched through this section during 
his campaign. 

Mahoning County was formed in 1846, from Trumbull and Columbiana. 
The surface is rolling and the soil generally fertile. The finer qualities of wood 
are produced here. Bituminous coal and iron are found in large quantities. 
Col. James Hillman came to the Western Reserve in 1786. The settlement 
of the county Avent forward. Canfield is the county seat. 

Medina County was formed from the Western Reserve February 12, 1812. 
The surface is rolling and the soil is fertile, producing fine agricultural prod- 
ucts. The first trail made through the county was made by George Poe, 
Joseph H. Larwell and Roswell M. Mason. The first settlement was made 
by Joseph Harris in 1811. He was soon joined by the Burr brothers. Me- 
dina is the county seat. 

Meigs County was formed from Gallia and Athens April 1, 1819. The 
general character of the soil is clayey, producing large quantities of wheat, oats, 
corn, hay and potatoes. Yast quantities of salt are made and exported. Pom- 
eroy, the county seat, is situated under a lofty hill, surrounded by picturesque 
scenery. Mr. Nathaniel Clark was the first settler of the county. He arrived in 
1816. The first coal mine opened in Pomeroy was in 1819, by David Bradshaw. 

Mercer County was formed from the Indian Territory in 1820. The sur- 
face is generally flat, and while covered with forests, inclined to be wet ; but, 
being cleared, it is very fertile, and adapted to producing farm crops. St. 
Clair's Battle was fought on the boundary line between this and Darke County. 
The Hon. Lewis Cass and Duncan McArthur made a treaty at St. Mary's with 
the Wyandots, Shawnees and Ottawas, in 1818. The odious Simon Girty lived 
at one time at St. Mary's. Wayne built St. Mary's Fort, on the west bank of 
the river. John Whistler was the last commander of the fort. The largest 
artificial lake in the world, so it is asserted, is formed by the reservoir sup- 
plying the St. Mary's feeder of the Miami Extension Canal. It is about nine 
miles long, and from two to four broad. Celina is the county seat. 

Miami County Avas formed January 16, 1807, from Montgomery. It abounds 
in excellent limestone, and possesses remarkable water-power facilities. Its agri- 
cultural products rank highly in quality and quantity. John Knoop came into this 
section about the year 1797, and its first settlement began about this time. Troy, 
the county seat, is situated upon the Great Miami. Piqua is another lovely 
town. The Miami River affords delightful scenery at this point. 

Monroe County was formed January 29, 1813, from Belmont, Washington, 
and Guernsey. A portion of its surface is abrupt and hilly. Large quantities 
of tobacco are raised, and much pork is exported. Wheat and corn grow well 
in the western portion. Iron ore and coal abound. The valleys of the streams 
are very narrow, bounded by rough hills. In some places are natural rock 
grottoes. The first settlement was made in 1799, near the mouth of the Sunfish. 



154 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

At this time, wolves were numerous, and caused much alarm. Yolney entered 
this county, but was not prepossessed in its favor. One township is settled by 
the Swiss, who are educated and refined. Woodsfield is the county seat. 

Montgomery County was formed from Ross and Hamilton May 1, 1803. 
The soil is fertile, and its agricultural products are most excellent. Quarries of 
grayish-white limestone are found east of the Miami. 

Dayton is the county seat, situated on the Great Miami, at the mouth of Mad 
River. A company was formed in 1788, but Indian wars prevented settlement. 
After Wayne's treaty, in 1795, a new company was formed. It advanced 
rapidly between the years 1812 and 1820. The beginning of the Miami Canal 
renewed its prosperity, in 1827. The first canal-boat from Cincinnati arrived 
at Dayton on the 25th of January, 1829. The first one arrived from Lake 
Erie in June, 1845. Col. Robert Patterson came to Dayton in 1804. At one 
time, he owned Lexington, Ky., and about one third of Cincinnati. 

Morgan County was organized in 1818, March 1. The surface is hilly and 
the soil strong and fertile, producing wheat, corn, oats and tobacco. Pork is a 
prolific product, and considerable salt is made. The first settlement was made 
in 1790, on the Muskingum. McConnelsville is the county seat. Mr. Ayres 
made the first attempt to produce salt, in 1817. . This has developed into a 
large industry. 

Morrow County was organized in 1848. It is drained by the Vernon 
River, which rises in it, by the East Branch of the Olontangy or Whetstone 
River, and by Walnut Creek. The surface is undulating, the soil fertile. 
The staple products are corn, wheat, oats, hay, wool and butter. The sugar 
maple abounds in the forests, and sandstone or freestone in the quarries. 
Mount Gilead, the county seat, is situated on the East Branch of the Olen- 
tangy River. 

Muskingum County was formed from Washington and Fairfield. The sur- 
face is rolling or hilly. It produces Avheat, corn, oats, potatoes, tobacco, wool 
and pork. Large quantities of bituminous coal are found. Pipe clay, buhr- 
stone or cellular quartz are also in some portions of the State. Salt is made in 
large quantities — the fine being obtained from a stratum of whitish sandstone. 
The Wyandots, Delawares, Senecas and Shawanoese Indians once inhabited this 
section. An Indian town occupied the site of Duncan's Falls. A large Shawan- 
oese town was located near Dresden. 

Zanesyille is the county seat, situated opposite the mouth of the Licking. 
It was laid out in 1799, by Mr. Zane and Mr. Mclntire. This is one of the 
principal towns in the State, and is surrounded by charming scenery. 

Noble County, organized in 1851, is drained by Seneca, Duck and Wills 
Creeks. The surface is undulating, and a large part of it is covered with for- 
ests. The soil is fertile. Its staples are corn, tobacco, wheat, hay. oats and 
wool. Among its mineral resources are limestone, coal and petroleum. Near 
Caldwell, the county seat, are found iron ore, coal and salt. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 155 

Ottawa County was formed from Erie, Sandusky and Lucas, March G, 1840, 
It is mostly within the Black Swamp, and considerable of its land is prairie and 
marsh. It was very thinly settled befere 1830. Extensive plaster beds exist 
on the peninsula, which extends into Lake Erie. It has also large limestone 
quarries, which are extensively worked. The very first trial at arms upon the 
soil of Ohio, during the Avar of 1812, occurred upon this peninsula. Port Clin- 
ton, the county seat, was laid out in 1827. 

Perry County was formed from Washington, Fairfield and Muskingum, 
March 1, 1817. Fine tobacco is raised in large quantities. Wheat, corn, oats, 
hay, cattle, pork and wool add to the general wealth. This county was first set- 
tled in 1801. First settler was Christian Binckley, who built the first cabin in 
the county, about five miles west of Somerset, near the present county line. 
New Lexington is now the county seat. 

Paulding County was formed from old Indian territory August 1, 1820. 
It produces corn, wheat and oats. Paulding is the county seat. 

Pickaway County was formed from Fairfield, Ross and Franklin, January 
12, 1810. The county has woodland, barren, plain and prairie. The barrens 
were covered by shrub oaks, and when cleared are adapted to the raising of corn 
and oats. The Pickaway plains are three and a half miles west of Circleville, 
and this tract is said to contain the richest land in Ohio. Here, in the olden 
times, burned the great council fires of the red man. Here the allied tribes met 
Gen. Lewis, who fought the battle of Point Pleasant. Dunmore's campaign 
was terminated on these plains. It was at the Chillicothe towns, after Dun- 
more's treaty, that Logan delivered his famous speech. Circleville, the county 
seat, is situated on the Scioto River and the Ohio Canal. It was laid out in 
1810, by Daniel Dresbach. It is situated on the site of ancient fortifications. 

Portage County was formed June 7, 1807, from Trumbull. It is a wealthy, 
thriving section. Over a thousand tons of cheese are annually produced. It 
also produces Avheat, corn, oats, barley, buckwheat, rye, butter and wool. 
Ravenna is the county seat, and was originally settled by the Hon. Benjamin 
Tappen in June, 1799. In 180G, an unpleasant difficulty arose between the 
settlers and a camp of Indians in Deerfield, caused by a horse trade between a 
white man and an Indian. David Daniels settled on the site of Palmyra in 1799. 

Pike County was organized in 1815. The surface is generally hilly, which 
abound with freestone, Avhich is exported in large quantities for building pur- 
poses. Rich bottom lands extend along the Scioto and its tributaries. John 
Noland and the three Chenoweth brothers settled on the Pee Pee prairie about 
1796. Piketown, the former county seat, was laid out about 1814. Waverly, 
the present county seat, is situated on the Scioto River. 

Preble County was formed March 1, 1808, from JNIontgomery and Butler. 
The soil is varied. Excellent water-power facilities are furnished. 

Eaton, the county seat, was laid out in 1806, by William Bruce, who owned 
the land. An overflowing well of strong sulphur water is near the town, while 
directly beside it is a limestone quarry. Holderman's quarry is about two 



156 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

miles distant, from which is obtained a beautifully clouded gray stone. Fort St. 
Clair was built near Eaton, in the winter of 1791-92. Gen. Harrison was an En- 
:sign at the time, and commanded a guard every other night for tliree weeks, during 
-the building. The severe battle of November 6, 1792, was fought under its very 
^uns. Little Turtle, a distinguished chief of the Miamis, roamed over this county 
for a time. He was witty, brave and earnest, and, although engaged in several 
severe contests with the whites, he was inclined toward peace. But when his 
i^varriors cried for war he led them bravely. 

Putnam County w^as formed April 1, 1820, from old Indian territory. The 
soil is fertile, its principal productions being wheat, corn, potatoes and oats. 
Large quantities of pork are exported. Kalida, once the county seat, was laid 
out in 1834. Ottawa is the county seat. 

Ross County was formed August 20, 1798, by the proclamation of Gov. St. 
Clair, and was the sixth county formed in the Northwestern Territory. The 
Scioto River and Paint- Creek run through it, bordered Avitli fertile lands. 
Much water-power is obtained from the many streams Avatering it. The main 
crops are Avheat, corn and oats. It exports cattle and hogs. 

The Rev. Robert W. Finley, in 1794, addressed a letter of inquiry to Col. 
IS^athaniel Massie, as many of his associates had designed settling in the new 
State. This resulted in packing their several effects and setting out. A triv- 
ial Indian encounter was the only interruption they nu-t with on their w^ay. 
After AVayne's treaty. Col. Massie and many of these early explorers met 
aftrain and formed a settlement — in 1796 — at the mouth of Paint Creek. In 

CD 

August of this year, Chillicothe was laid out by Col. Massie, in a dense forest. 
He donated lots to the early settlers. A ferry was established over the Scioto, 
and the opening of Zane's trace assisted the progress of settlement. 

Chillicothe, the county seat, is situated on the Scioto. Its site is thirty 
feet above the river. In 1800, it was the seat of the Northwestern Territorial 
Government. It was incorporated as a city in January, 1802. During the war 
of 1812, the city Avas a rendezvous for the United States troops. A large num- 
ber of British were at one time guarded here. Adena is a beautiful place, and 
the seat of Gov. Worthington's mansion, which was built in 1806. Near this 
is Fruit Hill, the residence of the late Gen. McArthur, and latterly the home 
of his son-in-laAv, the Hon. William Allen. Eleven miles from Chillicothe, on 
the road to Portsmouth, is the home of the hermit of the Scioto. 

Richland was organized March 1, 1813. It produces wheat, corn, oats, hay, 
potatoes, rye, hemp and barley. It Avas settled about 1809, on branches of the 
Mohican. Tavo block-houses Avere built in 1812. Mansfield, the county seat, 
is charmingly situated, and was laid out in 1808, by Jacob Newman, James 
Hedges and Joseph H. LarAvell. The county w^as at that period a A^ast Avilder- 
ness, destitute of roads. From this year, the settlement progressed rapidly. 

Sandusky County was formed April 1, 1820, from the old Indian Territory. 
The soil is fertile, and country generally level. It mainly produces corn, Avheat, 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 15T 

oats, potatoes and pork. The Indians were especially delighted with this tract. 
Near Lower Sandusky lived a band of Wyandots, called the Neutral Nation. 
These two cities never failed to render refuge to any who sought their protec- 
tion. They preserved their peacemaking attributes through the Iroquois 
conflicts. Fremont, formerly called Lower Sandusky, the county seat, is 
situated at the head of navigation, on the Sandusky, on the site of the old 
reservation grant to the Indians, at the Greenville treaty council. Fort 
Stephenson was erected in August, 1813, and was gallantly defended by CoL 
Croghan. 

Summit County was formed March 3, 1840, from Medina, Portage and 
Stark. The soil is fertile and produces excellent fruit, besides large crops of 
corn, wheat, hay, oats and potatoes. Cheese and butter may be added as 
products. 

The first settlement made in the county was at Hudson, in 1800. The old 
Indian portage-path, extending through this county, between the Cuyahoga, and 
Tuscarawas Branch of the Muskingum. This was a part of the ancient boundary 
between the Six Nations and the Western Indians. Akron, the county seat, is 
situated on the portage summit. It was laid out in 1825. In 1811, Paul 
Williams and Amos and Minor Spicer settled in this vicinity. Middlebury was 
laid out in 1818, by Norton & Hart. 

Stark County was formed February 13, 1808. It is a rich agricultural 
county. It has large quantities of mineral coal, iron ore, flocks of the finest 
sheep and great Avater power. Limestone and extensive beds of lime-marl exist. 
The manufacture of silk has been extensively carried on. Frederick Post, the 
firstMoravian missionary in Ohio, settled here in 1761. 

Canton is the county seat, situated in the forks of the Nimishillen, a tribu- 
tary of the Muskingum. It was laid out in 1806, by Bezaleel Wells, whot 
owned the land. Massillon was laid out in March, 1826, by John Duncan. 

Shelby County was formed in 1819, from Miami. The southern portion is 
undulating, arising in some places to hills. Through the north, it is a flat table- 
land. It produces wheat, corn, oats and grass. The first point of English set- 
tlement in Ohio was at the mouth of Laramie's Creek, in this county, as early 
as 1752. Fort Laramie Avas built in 1794, by Wayne. The first white family 
that settled in this county was that of James Thatcher, in 1804. Sidney, the 
county seat, was laid out in 1819, on the farm of Charles Starrett. 

Seneca County was formed April 1, 1820, from the old Indian territory. 
Its principal products are corn, wheat, grass, oats, potatoes and pork. 

Fort Seneca was built during the war of 1812. The Senecas owned 
40,000 acres of land on the Sandusky River, mostly in Seneca County. 
Thirty thousand acres of this land was granted to them in 1817. at the treaty 
held at the foot of the Maumee Rapids. The remaining 10,000 was granted 
the following year. These Indians ceded this tract, however, to the Govern- 
ment in 1831. It was asserted by an old chief, that this band was the remnant. 



158 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

of LofTan's tribe. Tiffin, the county seat, was laid out bv Josiah Hedcres in 
the year 1821. 

Scioto County was formed ]\Iay 1, 1803. It is a good agricultural section, 
besides producing iron ore, coal and freestone. It is said that a French fort 
stood at the mouth of the old Scioto, as early as 1740. In 1785, four families 
settled where Portsmouth now stands. Thomas McDonald built the first cabin in 
the county. The "French grant" was located in this section — a tract com- 
prising 24,000 acres. The grant Avas made in March, 1795. Portsmouth, the 
county seat, is located upon the Ohio. 

Trumbull County was formed in 1800. The original Connecticut Western 
Reserve was within its limits. The county is well cultivated and very wealthy. 
Coal is found in its northern portion. We have, in our previous outline, given 
a history of this section, and it is not, therefore, necessary to repeat its details. 
Warren, the county seat, is situated on the iMahoninjr Eiver. It was laid out 
by Ephraim Quinby in 1801. Mr. Quinby owned the soil. His cabin was built 
here in 1799. In August, 1800, while Mr. McMahon Avas away from home, 
a* party of drunken Indians called at the house, abused the family, stmck a 
child a severe blow with a tomahawk and threatened to kill the family. Mrs. 
McMahon could not send tidings which could reach her husband before noon 
the following day. The following Sunday morning, fourteen men and two 
boys armed themselves and went to the Indian camp to settle the difficulty. 
Quinby advanced alone, leaving the remainder in concealment, as he Avas better 
acquainted Avith tliese people, to make inquiries and ascertain their intentions. 
He did not return at once, and the party set out, marched into camp, and found 
Quinby arguing Avith Capt. George, the chief Capt. George snatched his 
tomahawk and declared war, rushing foi'ward to kill McMahon. But a bullet 
from the frontierman's gun killed him instantly, Avhile Storey shot " Spotted 
John" at the same time. The Indians then fled. They joined the council at 
Sandusky. Quinby garrisoned his house. Fourteen days thereafter, the 
Indians returned Avith overtures of peace, which were, that McMahon and 
Storey be taken to Sandusky, tried by Indian laAvs, and if found guilty, pun- 
ished by them. This could not be done. McMahon was tried by Gen. St. 
Clair, and the matter Avas settled. The first missionary on the Reserve was the 
Rev. Joseph Badger. 

TuscaraAvas County Avas formed February 15, 1808, from Muskingum. It 
is Avell cultiA'ated Avith abundant supplies of coal and iron. 

The fix'st Avhite settlers Avere Moravian missionaries, their first visits dating 
back to 17G1. The first permanent settlement was made in 1803. Miss Mary 
HeckeAv elder, the daughter of a missionary, Avas born in this county April IG, 
1781. Fort Laurens Avas built during the Revolution. It was the scene of a 
fearful carnage. It Avas established in the fill of 1778, and placed under the 
command of Gen. Mcintosh. Ncav Philadelphia is the county seat, situated on 
the TuscaraAvas. It Avas laid out in 1804 by John Knisely. A German 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 159 

colony settled in this county in 1817, driven from their native land by relio-ious 
dictation they could not espouse. They called themselves Separatists. They 
are a simple-minded people, strictly moral and honest. 

Union County was formed from Franklin, Delaware, Logan and Madison in 
1820. It produces corn, grass, wheat, oats, potatoes, butter and cheese. 
Extensive limestone quarries are also valuable. The Ewing brothers made the 
first white settlement in 1798. Col. James Curry, a member of the State Leg- 
islature, was the chief instigator in the progress of this section. He located 
within its limits and remained until his death, which occurred in 1834. Marys- 
ville is the county seat. 

Van Wert County Avas formed from the old Indian territory April 1, 1820. 
A great deal of timber is within the limits of this county, but the soil is so 
tenacious that water will not sink through it, and crops are poor during wet 
seasons. The main product is corn. Van Wert, the county seat, was founded 
by James W. Riley in 1837. An Indian town had formerly occupied its site. 
Capt. Riley was the first white man who settled in the county, arriving in 1821. 
He founded Willshire in 1822. 

Vinton County was organized in 1 850. It is drained by Raccoon and Salt 
Creeks. The surface is undulating or hilly, and is extensively covered with 
forests in which the oak, buckeye and sugar maple are found. Corn, hay, but- 
ter and wool are staple products. Bituminous coal and iron ore are found. 
McArthur is the county seat. 

Washington County was formed by proclamation of Gov. St. Clair July 27, 
1788, and was the first county founded within the limits of Ohio. The surface 
is broken with extensive tracts of level, fertile land. It was the first county 
settled in the State under the auspices of the Ohio Company. A detachment 
of United States troops, under command of Maj. John Doughty, built Fort 
Harmar in 1785, and it was the first military post established in Ohio by 
Americans, with the exception (3f Fort Laurens, which was erected in 1778. 
It was occupied by United States troops until 1790, when they were ordered 
to Connecticut. A company under Capt. Haskell remained. In 1785, the 
Directors of the Ohio Company began practical operations, and settlement 
went forward rapidly. Campus Martins, a stockade fort, was completed in 
1791. This formed a sturdy stronghold during the war. During the Indian 
war there was much suffering in the county. Many settlers were killed and 
captured. 

Marietta is the county seat, and the oldest town in Ohio. Marietta College 
was chartered in 1835. Herman Blannerhassett, whose unfortunate association 
with Aaron Burr proved fatal to himself, was a resident of Marietta in 1796. 
About the year 1798, he began to beautify and improve his island. 

Warren County was formed May 1, 1803, from Hamilton. The soil is 
very fertile, and considerable water-power is furnished by its streams. Mr. 
Bedell made the first settlement in 1795. Lebanon is the county seat. Henry 



160 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

Taylor settled in this vicinity in 1796. Union Village is a settlement of 
Shakers. They came here about 1805. 

Wayne County was proclaimed by Gov. St. Clair August 15, 1796, and 
was the third county in the Northwest Territory. The settlement of this sec- 
tion has already been briefly delineated. Wooster is the county seat. It was 
laid out during the fall of 1808, by John Beaver, William Henry and Joseph 
H. Larwell, owners of the land. Its site is 337 feet above Lake Erie. The 
first mill was built by Joseph Stibbs in 1809, on Apple Creek. In 1812, a 
block-house was erected in Wooster. 

Wood County was formed from the old Indian territory in 1820. The soil 
is rich, and large crops are produced. The county is situated within the Mau- 
mee Valley. It was the arena of brilliant military exploits during early times. 

Bowling Green is the county seat. 

Williams County Avas formed April 1, 1820, from the old Indian territory. 
Bryan is the county seat. It was laid out in 1840. 

Wyandot County was formed February 3, 1845, from Marion, Harden, 
Hancock and Crawford. The surface is level and the soil is fertile. The 
Wyandot Indians frequented this section. It was the scene of Crawford's 
defeat, in June, 1782, and his fearful death. The treaty of 1817, lion. Lewis 
Cass and Hon. Duncan McArthur, United States Commissioners, granted to 
the Indians a reservation twelve miles square, the central point being Fort Ferree. 
The Delaware reserve was ceded to the United States in 1829. The Wyandots 
ceded theirs March 17, 1842. The United States Commissioner was Col. 
John Johnson, who thus made the last Indian treaty in Ohio. Every foot of 
this State was fairly purchased by treaties. The AVyandots were exceedingly 
brave, and several of their chiefs were men of exalted moral principles. 

L^pper Sandusky is the county seat, and w^as laid out in 1843. Gen. Har- 
rison had built Ferree on this spot during the war of 1812. Gov. Meigs, in 
1813, encamped near the river, with several thousand of the Ohio militia. 

The Indian village of Crane Town was originally called Upper Sandusky. 
The Indians transferred their town, after the death of Tarhe, to Uper Sandusky. 

GOVERNORS OF OHIO. 

The Territorial Governors we have already mentioned in the course of our 
brief review of the prominent events of the State of Ohio. After the Terri- 
tory was admitted as a State, in 1802, Edward Tiffin was elected to that position, 
and again received the same honor, in 1804 and 1806. In 1807, circumstances 
led him to resign, and Thomas Kirker, Speaker of the House, acted as Gover- 
nor, until the close of the term. 

Edward Tiffin was born in Carlisle, England, coming to this country in 
1784, at the age of eighteen. He entered the University of Pennsylvania, and 
applied himself to the study of medicine, graduating and beginning his practice 
at the age of twenty, in the State of Virginia. In 1789, he married Mary, 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 161 

daughter of Col. Worthington, and sister of Thomas Worthington, who subse- 
quently became Governor of Ohio. In his profession, Gov. Tiffin was highly 
esteemed, and his public labors were carried forward with a zealous earnestness 
which marked his career as one of usefulness. He settled in Chillicothe, Ohio, 
in 1796, where he died, in 1829. 

Samuel Huntington, the recipient of the honor of second Governor, was 
inaugurated in 1808. He was an American by birth, Norwich, Conn.^ 
being his native place. He was a diligent student in Yale College, graduating 
in 1785. He removed to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1801. He attained a reputation 
for integrity, ability and rare discretion. As a scholar, he was eminently supe- 
rior. He resided in Cleveland at the time of his death, in 1817. 

Return Jonathan Meigs followed Gov. Huntington. He was born in Mid- 
dletown, Conn., in 1765. He was also a student in Yale College, graduating 
in 1785, with the highest honors. He immediately entered the study of law, 
and was admitted to practice in his twenty-third year. He married Miss Sophia 
Wright, and settled in Marietta, Ohio, in 1788. He took his seat as Gover- 
nor in 1810, and was re-elected in 1812. In 1813, President Madison appointed 
him to the position of Postmaster General, which occasioned his resignation as 
Governor. Othniel Looker, Speaker of the House, acted as Governor during 
the remainder of the term. Mr. Meigs died in 1825, leaving as a memento of 
his usefulness, a revered memory. 

Thomas Worthington, the fourth Governor, was born in Jefferson County, 
Va., in 1769. He gained an education in William and Mary's College. 
In 1788, he located at Chillicothe, and was the first Senator from the new 
State. He was also the first man to erect the first saw-mill in Ohio. He 
served two terms as Senator, from 1803 to 1815, resigning in 1814, to take his 
position as Governor. In 1816, he was re-elected. He was exceedingly active 
in paving the way for the future prosperity of Ohio. His measures were famous 
for practical worth and honesty. Chief Justice Chase designated him as " a 
gentleman of distinguished ability and great influence." He died in 1827. 

Ethan Allen Brown followed Mr. Worthington. His birthplace was on the 
shore of Long Island Sound, in Fairfield County, Conn., July 4, 1766. His 
education was derived under the most judicious instruction of a private tutor. 
In classics, he became proficient. Directly he had reached the required stand- 
ard in general education, he began the study of law, at home. After becoming 
conversant with preliminary requirements, he entered the law office of Alex- 
ander Hamilton, who at that time was a national pride, as a scholar, lawyer and 
statesman. Opportunities coming in his way, which promised a fortune, he 
abandoned the law, and achieved success and a fortune. He then decided to 
return to his study, and was admitted to practice in 1802. Thereafter, he was 
seized with an exploring enthusiasm, and with his cousin as a companion, set 
out upon a horseback tour, following the Indian trails from east to west, through 
Pennsylvania, until they reached Brownsville, on the Monongahela River. Here 



162 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

they purchased two flatboats, and fully stocking them with provisions and 
obtaining efficient crews, started for New Orleans. Reaching that city, they 
found they could not dispose of their cargoes to any advantage, and shipped the 
flour to Liverpool, England, taking passage in the same vessel. They succeeded 
in obtaining good prices for their stock, and set sail for America, arriving in Bal- 
timore nine months after first leaving " home," on this adventure. Mr. Brown's 
father decided to secure a large and valuable tract of Western land, as a per- 
manent home, and authorized his son to select and purchase the same for him. 
He found what he desired, near Rising Sun, Ind. After this, he settled in 
Cincinnati, and engaged in the practice of law, speedily achieving prominency 
and distinction. Financially, he was most fortunate. In 1810, he was elected 
Judge of the Supreme Court, which position he filled with honor, until he was 
chosen Governor, in 1818. He was re-elected in 1820. In 1821, he received 
the honor of Senator, and served one' term, with the highest distinction, gain- 
ing emolument for himself and the State he represented. In 1880, he was 
appointed Minister to Brazil. He remained there four years, and returning, 
was appointed Commissioner of Public Lands, by President Jackson, holding 
this position two years. At this time, he decided to retire from public life. 
Since he never married, he was much with his relatives, at Rising Sun, Ind., 
<luring the latter part of his life. His death was sudden and unexpected, occur- 
ring in February, 1852, while attending a Democratic Convention, at Indianap- 
olis, Ind. He was interred near his father, at Rising Sun. 

Jeremiah MorroAV, the sixth Governor of Ohio, was born at Gettysburg, 
Penn., in October, 1771. His people were of the " Scotch-Irish " class, and his 
early life was one of manual labor upon his father's farm. During the winter, 
he had the privilege of a private school. With a vieAv of establishing himself 
and securing a competency, he bade the old home farewell, in 1795, and set out 
for the " Far West." A flatboat carried him to a little cluster of cabins, known 
by the name of Columbia, six miles from Fort Washington — Cincinnati. He 
devoted himself to whatever came in his way, that seemed best and most worthy 
- — teaching school, surveying and working on farms between times. Having 
accumulated a small capital, he ascended the Little Miami, as far as Warren 
County, and there purchased an extensive farm, and erected an excellent log 
house. In the spring of 1799, he married Miss Mary Packtrell, of Columbia. 
The young couple set out upon pioneer farming. Gaining popularity as well as 
a desirable property, he was deputized to the Territorial Legislature, which met 
at Chillicothe, at which time measures were inaugurated to call a Constitutional 
Convention, during the following year, to organize the State of Ohio. Mr. 
Morrow Avas one of the Delegates to this convention, and steadfastly worked in the 
interests of those who sent him, until its close in 1802. The following year, 
he was elected to the Senate of Ohio, and in June of the same year, he was 
appointed the first Representative to the United States Congress from the new 
State. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 163 

Ohio was then entitled to but one Representative in Congress, and could not 
add to that number for ten years thereafter. During these years, Mr. Morrow 
represented the State. In 1813, he was sent to the United States Senate, and 
in 1822, was elected Governor of Ohio, almost unanimously, being re-elected in 
1824. It was durino; his administration that work was begun on the Ohio 
Canal. Mr. Morrow received the national guest, La Fayette, with an earnest 
and touching emotion, which affected the emotions of the generous Frenchman 
more profoundly than any of the elaborate receptions which paved his way 
through America. On the 4th of July, 1839, Gov. Morrow was appointed to 
lay the corner stone of the new State capitol, at Columbus, and to deliver the 
address on this occasion. Again, in 1840, he was in the House of Representa- 
tives, filling the vacancy caused by the resignation of Hon. Thomas Corwin. 
He was elected for the following term also. He died at his own homestead, in 
Warren County, March 22, 1853. 

Allen Trimble was a native of Augusta County, Va. The date of his birth 
was November 24, 1783. His ancestors were of Scotch-Irish origin, and were 
among the early settlers of Virginia. His father moved to Ohio in 1804, pur- 
chasing a tract of land in Highland County. His cabin was remarkably spa- 
cious, and elicited the admiration of his neighbors. He cleared six acres of 
land for an orchard, and brought the trees on horseback, from Kentucky. Be- 
fore this new home was completed, Allen, then a young man of twenty, took 
possession. This was in the year 1805. Four years thereafter, he occupied 
the position of Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas and Recorder of High- 
land County. He was serving in the latter capacity at the breaking out of the 
war of 1812. Naturally enthusiastic and patriotic, he engaged a competent 
person to perform his civil duties, while he went into active service as Colonel 
of a regiment he had summoned and enlisted. He was always eager to be in 
the front, and led his men Avith such valor that they were termed soldiers who 
did not know the art of flinching. His commanding General lavished praises 
upon him. In 1816, he was in the State Senate, representing Highland 
County. He occupied the same position for four terms, two years each. In 
1818, he was Speaker of the Senate, over Gen. Robert Lucas. He remained 
in this office until elected to the United States Senate, to fill the vacancy caused 
by the death of his brother. Col. William A. Trimble. In October, 1826, he 
was elected the seventh Governor of Ohio, by an astonishing majority. The 
united vote of his three competitors was but one-sixth of the vote polled. Gov. 
Trimble was an earnest Henry Clay Whig. In 1828, he was re-elected, 
although Jackson carried the State the following November. Gov. Trimble 
was married in 1806, to Miss Margaret McDowell. Three years thereafter, 
she died, leaving two children. He was united in marriage to Miss Rachel 
Woodrow, and they lived together sixty years, wken he died, at home, in Hills- 
boro, Highland County, February 3, 1870. His wife survived him but a few 
months. 



164 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

Duncan Mc Arthur, the eighth Governor of Ohio, was born in Dutchess 
County, N. Y., in 1772. While yet a child, his parents removed to the west- 
ern part of Pennsylvania, where they entered upon the hard life of pioneers. 
While there, young Duncan had the meager advantages of a backwoods school. 
His life was a general routine until his eighteenth year, when he enlisted under 
Gen. Harmer for the Indian campaign. His conduct and bravery won worthy 
laurels, and upon the death of the commander of his company, he was elected 
to that position, although the youngest man in the company. When his days 
of service had expired, he found employment at salt-making in Maysville, Ky., 
until he was engaged as chain-bearer in Gen. Massie's survey of the Scioto 
Valley. At this time, Indian atrocities alarmed the settlers occasionally, and 
his reputation for bravery caused him to be appointed one of the three patrols 
of the Kentucky side of the Ohio, to give the alarm to scattered cabins in case 
of danger. This was during the summer of 1793. Gen. Massie again secured 
his services, this time as assistant surveyor. He was thus engaged for several 
years, during which time he assisted in platting Chillicothe. He purchased a 
large tract of land just north of town, and under his vigorous and practical 
management, it became one of the finest estates of Oliio, which reputation it 
sustains at the present time. He amassed wealth rapidly, his investments 
always being judicious. In 1805, he was elected to the State Legislature. 
He was a Colonel of an Ohio regiment, and accompanied Gen. Hull to Detroit 
in 1813. At Hull's surrender he was a prisoner, but released on parole, 
returned to Ohio in a state of indignation over his commander's stupidity. 
Soon thereafter he was sent to Congress on the Democratic ticket. Soon there- 
after he was released from parole by exchange, and, greatly rejoiced, he 
resigned his seat, entered the army as a Brigadier General under Gen. Harri- 
son, and the following year succeeded him as commander of the Northwestern 
forces. At the termination of the war, he was immediately returned to the 
State Legislature. He occupied State offices until 1822, when he was again 
sent to Congress. Serving one term, he declined re-election. In 1830, he 
was elected Governor of Ohio. When his term expired, he decided to enjoy 
life as a citizen on his farm, " Fruit Hill," and lived there in contentment until 
1840, when he died. 

Robert Lucas was another Virginian, having been born in 1781, in Jcfl'er- 
son County of that State. While a boy, his father liberated his slaves, moving 
to Chillicothe as one of the early settlers. He procured a proficient tutor for 
his children. Robert became an expert in mathematics and surveying. Before 
he reached his majority, he was employed as surveyor, earning liberal compen- 
sation. At the age of twenty-three, he was appointed Surveyor of Scioto 
County. At twenty-five, he was Justice of the Peace for Union Township, 
Scioto County. He married Miss Elizabeth Brown in 1810, who died two 
years thereafter, leaving a young daughter. In 1816, he married ]\Iiss Sum- 
ner. The same year lie was elected a member of the Ohio Legislature. For 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 165 

nineteen consecutive years he served in the House or Senate. In 1820 and 
1828, he was chosen one of the Presidential electors of Ohio. In 1832, 
he was Chairman of the National Convention at Baltimore, which nom- 
inated Gen. Jackson as President of the United States. In 1832, he 
became Governor of Ohio, and was re-elected in 1834. He declined a third 
nomination, and was appointed by President Van Buren Territorial Governor 
of Iowa and Superintendent of Indian Affairs. On the 16th of August, 
1838, he reached Burlington, the seat of government. He remained in Iowa 
until his death, in 1853. 

Joseph Vance, the tenth Governor of Ohio, was born in Washington 
County, Penn., March 21, 1781. He was of Scotch-Irish descent, and his 
father emigrated to the new Territory when Joseph was two years of age. He 
located on the southern bank of the Ohio, building a solid block house. This 
formed a stronghold for his neighbors in case of danger. In 1801, this pioneer 
decided to remove north of the Ohio River, and eventually settled in Urbana. 
Joseph had the primitive advantages of the common schools, and became pro- 
ficient in handling those useful implements — the plow, ax and I'ifle. The first 
money he earned he invested in a yoke of oxen. He obtained several barrels 
of salt, and set out on a speculative tour through the settlements. He traveled 
througn a wilderness, over swamps, and surmounted serious difficulties. At 
night he built a huge fire to terrify the wolves and panthers, and laid down to 
sleep beside his oxen, frequently being obliged to stand guard to protect 
them from these ferocious creatures. Occasionally he found a stream so swol- 
len that necessarily he waited hours and even days in the tangled forest, before 
he could cross. He often suffered from hunger, yet he sturdily persevered and 
sold his salt, though a lad of only fifteen years. When he attained his major- 
ity, he married Miss Mary Lemen, of Urbana. At twenty-three, he was 
elected Captain of a rifle company, and frequently led his men to the front to 
fight the Indians prior to the war of 1812. During that year, he and his 
brother piloted Hull's army through the dense forests to Fort Meigs. In 1817,- 
with Samuel McCullough and Henry Van Meter, he made a contract to supply 
the Northwestern army with provisions. They drove their cattle and hogs 
many miles, dead Aveight being transported on sleds and in wagons. He 
engaged in mercantile business at Urbana and Fort Meigs — now Perrysburg. 

While thus employed, he was elected to the Legislature, and there remained 
four years. He then purchased a large tract of land on Blanchard's Fork, 
and laid out the town of Findlay. He was sent to Congress in 1821, and Avas 
a member of that body for fifteen years. In 1836, he was chosen Governor of 
Ohio. Again he was sent to Congress in 1842. While attending the Consti- 
tutional Convention in 1850, he was stricken with paralysis, and- suffered 
extremely until 1852, when he died at his home in Urbana. 

Wilson Shannon was a native of Belmont County, Ohio. He was born 
during 1803. At the age of fifteen, he was sent to the university at Athens, 



1G6 HISTORY OF TIIK STATE OF OHIO. 

where he remained a year, and then changed to the Transylvania University, 
at Lexington, Ky. He continued his studies two years, then returning home 
and entering upon reading hiw. He completed his course at St. Claii\sville, 
Belmont County, and was admitted to practice. He was engaged in the courts 
of the county for eight years. In 1832, the Democrats nominated him to Con- 
gress, but he was not elected. He received the position of Prosecuting Attor- 
ney in 1834, in wliicli position his abilities were so marked and brilliant that 
he was elected Governor by a majority of 3,G00. He was re-nominated in 
1840, but Tom Corwin won the ticket. Two years thereafter, he was again 
nominated and elected. In 1843, he was appointed ^Minister to Mexico, by 
President Tvler, and resimied the office of Governor. When Texas was 
admitted as a State, Mexico renounced all diplomatic relations with the United 
States. Mr. Shannon returned home, and resumed the practice of law. He 
was sent to Congress in 1852. President Pierce conferred upon him the posi- 
tion of Territorial Governor of Kansas, which duty he did not perform satis- 
factorily, and was superseded after fourteen months of service. He settled in 
Lecompton, Kan., and there practiced law until his death, Avhich occurred in 
1877. 

Thomas Corwin, the twelfth Governor of Ohio, was born in Bourbon 
County, Ky., July 29, 1794. His flither settled at Lebanon in 1798. The 
country was crude, and advantages meager. When Thomas was seventeen 
years of age, the war of 1812 was inaugurated, and this young man was 
engaged to drive a wagon through the wilderness, loaded with provisions, to 
Gen. Harrison's headquarters. In 1816, he began the study of law, and 
achieved knowledge so rapidly that in 1817 he passed examination and was 
admitted to practice. He was elected Prosecuting Attorney of his county, in 
1818, which position he held until 1830. He was elected to the Legislature of 
Ohio in 1822. Again, in 1829, he was a member of the same body. He was 
sent to Congress in 1830, and continued to be re-elected for the space of ten 
years. He became Governor of Ohio in 1840. In 1845, he was elected to 
the L'nited States Senate, where he remained until called to the cabinet of Mr. 
Fillmore, as Secretary of the Treasury. He was again sent to Congress in 
1858, and re-elected in 1860. He was appointed Minister to Mexico, by Pres- 
ident Lincoln. After his return, he practiced law in Washington, D. C , 
where he died in 1866. 

Mordecai Bartley was born in 1783, in Fayette County, Penn. There he 
remained, on his father's farm, until he was twenty-one years of age. He mar- 
ried Miss Wells in 1804, and removed to Jefferson County, Ohio, where he 
purchased a farm, near Cross Creek. At the opening of the war of 1812, he 
enlisted in a company, and was elected its Captain. He entered the field under 
Harrison. At the close of the war, he removed to Richland County, and opened 
a clearing and set up a cabin, a short distance from Mansfield. He remained 
on his farm twentv vears, then removing to Mansfield, entered the mercantile 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 167 

business. In 1817, he was elected to the State Senate. He was sent to Con- 
gress in 1823, and served four terms. In 1844, he became Governor of Ohio, 
on the Whig ticket. He declined a re-nomination, preferring to retire to his 
home in Mansfield, where he died in 1870. 

William Eebb, the fourteenth Governor, was from Hamilton County, Ohio. 
He was born in 1804. His early instructions were limited, but thorough. He 
opened a school himself, when he was twenty years of age, at North Bend, 
residing in the house of Gen. Harrison. He remained thus employed a year, 
during which time he married Shuck. He very soon began the study of law, 
continuing his school. He was successful in his undertakings, and many pupils 
were sent him from the best families in Cincinnati. In 1831, he was admitted 
to practice, and opened an office in Hamilton, Butler County, remaining thus 
engaged for fourteen years. In 1845, he was elected Governor of Ohio. In 
1847, he purchased 5,000 acres of land in the Rock River country, 111., and 
removed there three years later. On the inauguration of President Lincoln, he 
was appointed Pension Examiner, at Washington, and remained in that position 
until 1866, when he returned to his Illinois farm. He died at Rockford, 111., 
in 1873. 

Seabury Ford, the fifteenth Governor of Ohio, was born in the year 1802, 
at Cheshire, Conn. His parents settled in Burton Township. He attended 
the common schools, prepared for college at an academy in Burton, and entered 
Yale College, in 1821, graduating in 1825. ■ He then began the study of law, 
in the law office of Samuel W. Phelps, of Painesville, completing his course 
with Judge Hitchcock. He began practice in 1827, in Burton. He married 
Miss Harriet E. Cook, of Burton, in 1828. He was elected by the Whigs to 
the Legislature, in 1835, and served six sessions, during one of which he was 
Speaker of the House. He entered the State Senate in 1841, and there 
remained until 1844, when he was again elected Representative. In 1846, he 
was appointed to the Senate, and in 1848, he became Governor of Ohio. On 
the first Sunday after his retirement, he was stricken with paralysis, from which 
he never recovered. He died at his home in Burton in 1855. 

Reuben AVood, the sixteenth Governor, was a Vermonter. Born in 1792, 
in Middleton, Rutland County, he was a sturdy son of the Green Mountain 
State. He was a thorough scholar, and obtained a classical education in Upper 
Canada. In 1812, he was drafted by the Canadian authorities to serve against 
the Americans, but being determined not to oppose his own land, he escaped 
one stormy night, accompanied by Bill Johnson, who was afterward an Ameri- 
can spy. In a birchbark canoe they attempted to cross Lake Ontario. A 
heavy storm of wind and rain set in. The night was intensely dark, and they 
were in great danger. They fortunately found refuge on a small island, where 
they were storm-bound three days, suffering from hunger and exposure. They 
reached Sacket's Harbor at last, in a deplorable condition. Here they were 
arrested as spies by the patrol boats of the American fleet. They Avere prisoners 



168 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

four days, when an uncle of Mr. Wood's, residing not far distant, came to 
their rescue, vouched for their loyalty, and they were released. Mr. Wood 
then went to Woodville, N. Y., where he raised a company, of which he was 
elected Captain. They marched to the northern frontier. The battles of 
Plattsburg and Lake Champlain were fought, the enemy defeated, and the com- 
pany returned to Woodville and was disbanded. 

Young Wood then entered the law office of Gen. Jonas Clark, at Middle- 
bury, Vt. He was married in 1816, and two years later, settled in Cleveland, 
Ohio. When he first established himself in the village, he possessed his wife, 
infant daughter and a silver quarter of a dollar. He was elected to the State 
Senate in 1825, and filled the office three consecutive terms. He was appointed 
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas. He was promoted to the Bench of the 
Supreme Court, serving there fourteen years, the latter portion of the term as 
Chief Justice. He was termed the "Cayuga Chief," from his tall form and" 
courtly bearing. He was elected Governor in 1850, by a majority of 11,000. 
The new constitution, which went into effect in March, 1851, vacated the office 
of Governor, and he was re-elected by a majority of 26,000. The Democrats 
holding a national convention in Baltimore in 1852, party division caused fifty 
unavailing votes. The Virginia delegation offered the entire vote to Gov. 
Wood, if Ohio would bring him forward. The opposition of one man pre- 
vented this. The offer was accepted by New Hampshire, and Frank Pierce 
became President. Mr. Wood was appointed Consul to Valparaiso, South 
America, and resigned his office of Governor. He resigned his consulship and 
returned to his fine farm near Cleveland, called "Evergreen Place." He 
expected to address a Union meeting on the 5th of October, 1864, but on the 
1st he died, mourned by all Avho knew him. 

William Medill, the seventeenth Governor, was born in New Castle County, 
Del., in 1801. He was a graduate of Delaware College in 1825. He began 
the study of law under Judge Black, of Ncav Castle, and was admitted to the 
bar in 1832. He removed to Lancaster, Ohio, in 1830. He was elected Rep- 
resentative from Fairfield County in 1835. He was elected to Congress in 
1838, and was re-elected in 1840. He was appointed Assistant Postmaster 
General by President Polk. During the same year, he was appointed Com- 
missioner of Indian Affairs. In 1851, he was elected Lieutenant Governor, and, 
in 1853, he became Governor. He occupied the position of First Comptroller 
pf the United States Treasury in 1857, under President Buchanan, retaining the 
office until 1861, when he retired from public life. His death occurred in 
1865. 

Salmon P. Chase was a native of Cornish, N. H. He was born in 1803. 
He entered Dartmouth College in 1822, graduating in 1826. He was there- 
after successful in establishing a classical school in Washington, but finan- 
cially it did not succeed. He continued to teach the sons of Henry Clay, 
William Wirt and S. L. Southard, at the same time reading law when not busy 




'^>'^«pfr--v«' 



yi^,>^^^^^a^ 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 171 

as tutor. He was admitted to practice in 1829, and opened a law office in Cin- 
cinnati. He succeeded but moderately, and during his leisure hours prepared 
a new edition of the "Statutes of Ohio." He added annotations and a well- 
written sketch of the early history of the State. This was a thorough success, 
and gave the earnest worker popularity and a stepping-stone for the future. 
He was solicitor for the banks of the United States in 1834, and soon there- 
after, for the city banks. He achieved considerable distinction in 1837, in the 
case of a colored woman brought into the State by her master, and escaping 
his possession. He was thus brought out as an Abolitionist, which was further 
sustained by his defense of James G. Birney, who had suffered indictment for 
harboring a fugitive slave. In 1846, associated with William H. Seward, he 
defended Van Zandt before the Supreme Court of the United States. His 
thrilling denunciations and startling conjectures alarmed the slaveholding 
States, and subsequently led to the enactment of the fugitive-slave law of 1850. 
Mr. Chase was a member of the United States Senate in 1849, through the 
coalition of the Democrats and Free-Soilers. In 1855, he was elected Gover- 
nor of Ohio by the opponents of Pierce's administration. He was re-elected 
in 1859. President Lincoln, in 1861, tendered him the position of Secretary 
of the Treasury. To his ability and official management we are indebted for 
the present national bank system. In 1864, he was appointed Chief Justice of 
the United States. He died in the city of New York in 1873, after a useful 
career. 

William Dennison was born in Cincinnati in 1815. He gained an educa- 
tion at Miami University, graduating in 1835. He began the study of law in 
the office of the father of George H. Pendleton, and was qualified and admitted 
to the bar in 1840. The same year, he married a daughter of William Neil, 
of Columbus. The Whigs of the Franklin and Delaware District sent him to 
the State Senate, in 1848. He was President of the Exchange Bank in Cin- 
cinnati, in 1852, and was also President of Columbus & Xenia Railway. He Avas 
elected the nineteenth Governor of Ohio in 1859. By his promptness and 
activity at the beginning of the rebellion, Ohio was placed in the front rank of 
loyalty. At the beginning of Lincoln's second term, he was appointed Post- 
master General, retiring upon the accession of Johnson. He then made his 
home at Columbus. 

David Tod, the twentieth Governor of Ohio, was born at Youngstown, Ohio, 
in 1805. His education was principally obtained through his own exertions. 
He set about the study of law most vigorously, and was admitted to practice in 
1827. He soon acquired popularity through his ability, and consequently was 
financially successful. He purchased the Briar Hill homestead. Under Jack- 
son's administration, he was Postmaster at Warren, and held the position until 
1838, when he was elected State Senator by the Whigs of Trumbull District, by 
the Democrats. In 1844, he retired to Briar Hill, and opened the Briar Hill 
Coal Mines. He was a pioneer in the coal business of Ohio. In the Cleveland 



172 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

& Mahoning Railroad, he was largely interested, and Avas its President, after the 
death of Mr. Perkins. He "was nominated, m 1844, for Governor, by the Dem- 
ocrats, but was defeated. In 1847, he went to Brazil as Minister, where he 
resided for four and a half years. The Emperor presented him with a special 
commendation to the President, as a testimonial of his esteem. He was also the 
recipient of an elegant silver tray, as a memorial from the resident citizens of 
Rio Janeiro. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention, which 
met at Charleston in 1860. He was Vice President of this Convention. He 
was an earnest advocate for Stephen A. Douglas. When the Southern members 
withdrew, the President, Caleb Cushing, going with them, the convention 
adjourned to Baltimore, when Mr. Tod assumed the chair and Douglas was nom- 
inated. He was an earnest worker in the cause, but not disheartened by its 
defeat. When Fort Sumter was fired upon, he was one of the most vigorous 
prosecutors of the war, not relaxing his active earnestness until its close. He 
donated full uniforms to Company B, of the Nineteenth Regiment, and contrib- 
uted largely to the war fund of his township. Fifty-five thousand majority 
elected him Governor in 1861. His term was burdened with war duties, 
and he carried them so bravely as Governor that the President said of him : 
" Governor Tod of Ohio aids me more and troubles me less than any other Gov- 
ernor." His death occurred at Briar Hill during the year 1868. 

John Brough was a native of Marietta, Ohio. He was born in 1811. The death 
of his father left him in precarious circumstances, which may have been a discipline 
for future usefulness. He entered a printing office, at the age of fourteen, in 
Marietta, and after serving a few months, began his studies in the Ohio Uni- 
versity, setting type mornings and evenings, to earn sufficient for support. He 
occupied the leading position in classes, and at the same time excelled as a 
type-setter. He was also admired for his athletic feats in field amusements. 
He completed his studies and began reading law, which pursuit was interrupted 
by an opportunity to edit a paper in Petersburg, Va. He returned to Marietta 
in 1831, and became editor and proprietor of a leading Democratic newspaper 
— the Wasldngton County Republican. He achieved distinction rapidly, 
and in 1833, sold his interest, for the purpose of entering a more extended field 
of journalism. He purchased the Ohio Eagle, at Lancaster, and as its editor, 
held a deep influence over local and State politics. He occupied the position 
of Clerk of the Ohio Senate, between the years 1835 and 1838, and relinquished his 
paper. He then represented the counties of Fairfield and Hocking in the Leg- 
islature. He was then appointed Auditor of State by the General Assembly, 
in which position he served six years. He then purchased the Phcenix news- 
paper in Cincinnati, changed its name to the Enquirer, placing it in the care 
of his brother, Charles, while he opened a law office in the city. His editorials 
in the Enquirer, and his activity in political affairs, were brilliant and strong. 
He retired from politics in 1848, sold a half-interest in the Enquirer and carried 
on a prosperous business, but was brought forward again by leaders of both 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 173 

political parties in 1863, through the Vallandigham contest, and was elected 
Governor the same year, by a majority of 101, (J99 votes in a total of 471,643. 
He was three times married. His death occurred in 1865 — Charles Anderson 
serving out his term. 

Jacob Dolson Cox, the twenty-second Governor, was born in 1828, in Mon- 
treal, Canada, where his parents were temporarily. He became a student of 
Oberlin College, Ohio, in 1846, graduating in 1851, and beginning the practice 
of law in Warren in 1852, He was a member of the State Senate in 1859,, 
from the Trumbull and Mahoning Districts. He was termed a radical. He 
was a commissioned Brigadier General of Ohio in 1861, and, in 1862, was pro- 
moted to Major General for gallantry in battle. While in the service he was 
nominated for Governor, and took that position in 1865. He was a member of 
Grant's Cabinet as Secretary of the Interior, but resigned. He went to Con- 
gress in 1875, from the Toledo District. His home is in Cincinnati. 

Rutherford B. Hayes, was the nineteenth President of the United States^ 
the twenty-third Governor of Ohio, was born at Delaware, Ohio, in 1822. He 
was a graduate of Kenyon College in 1842. He began the study of law, and, 
in 1843, pursued that course in the Cambridge University, graduating in 1845. 
He began his practice at Fremont. He was married to jMiss Lucy Webb in 
1852, in Cincinnati. He was Major of the Twenty-third Oliio A^olunteer 
Infantry in 1861, and in 1862, was promoted to Colonel on account of bravery 
in the field, and eventually became Major General. In 1864, he was elected to 
Congress, and retired from the service. He remained in Congress two terms, 
and was Governor of Ohio in 1867, being re-elected in 1869. He filled this 
office a third term, being re-elected in 1875. 

Edward F. Noyes was born in Haverhill, Mass., in 1832. While a lad of 
fourteen, he entered the office of the Morning Star, published at Dover, N. H., 
in order to learn the business of printing. At the age of eighteen, he entered 
the academy at Kingston, N. H. He prepared for college, and entered 
Dartmouth in 1853, graduating with high honors in 1857. He had begun the 
study of law, and continued the course in the Cincinnati Law School, and beo-an 
to practice in 1858. He was an enthusiast at the opening of the rebellion and 
was interested in raising the Twentieth Regiment, of which he was made Major. 
He was promoted to Colonel in 1862. At the conflict at Iluff"s Mills, in 
Georgia, in 1864, he was so unfortunate as to lose a leg. At the time, amputa- 
tion was necessary, but was unskillfully performed. He was brouo-ht to Cincin- 
nati, and the operation was repeated, which nearly cost him his life. He reported 
three months later, to Gen. Hooker for duty, on crutches. He was assigned to 
command of Camp Dennison. He was promoted to the full rank of Brio-adier 
General, and while in discharge of his duty at that place, he was elected City 
Solicitor of Cincinnati. He occupied the position until 1871, when he was 
elected Governor, by a majority of 20,000. He went to France in 1877, as 
Minister, appointed by President Hayes. 



174 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

William Allen, the twenty-fiftli Governor of Ohio, was born in 1807, in 
Chowan County, N. C. While an infant, he was left an orphan, and his sister 
superintended his education. He was placed in a private school in Lynchburg, 
Va., at the age of fourteen. Two years later, he joined his sister and family, 
in Chillicothe, and attended the academy a year, when he entered the law office 
of Edward King, and began a course of study. In his seventeenth year, he 
began practice, and through his talent speedily acquired fame and popu- 
larity. Before he was twenty-five, he was sent to Congress by a strong Whig 
district. He. was elected United States Senator in 1S37, there remaining 
until 1849, In 1845, he married Effie Mc Arthur, Avho died soon after the 
birth of their daughter. In 1873, he was elected Governor. His adminis- 
tration gave general satisfaction. He died, at his home at " Fruit Hill," in 
1879. 

R. M. Bishop, the twenty-sixth Governor of Ohio, was born Novem- 
ber 4, 1812, in Fleming County, Ky, He began the vocation of mer- 
chant, and for several years devoted himself to that business in his native 
State. In 1848, he engaged in the wholesale grocery business, in Cincinnati. 
His three sons became partners, under the firm name of R. M. Bishop & Sons. 
The sales of this house frequently exceeded |5,000,000 per annum. Mr. 
Bishop was a member of the Council of Cincinnati, and in 1859 was its Mayor, 
holding that office until 1861. In 1800, the Legislatures of Indiana and Ten- 
nessee visited Ohio, to counsel each other to stand by the Constitution and the 
flag. At the reception given at Pike's Opera House, Mayor Bishop delivered 
an eloquent address, which elicited admiration and praises. During the same 
year, as Mayor, he received the Prince of Wales in the most cordial manner, a 
national credit as a mark of respect to a distinguished foreign guest. In 1877, 
he was elected Governor of Ohio, by a large majority. 

Charles Foster, the present and twenty-seventh Governor of Ohio, was born 
in Seneca County, Ohio, April 12, 1828. He was educated at the common 
schools and the academy at Norwalk, Ohio. Engaged in mercantile and bank- 
ing business, and never held any public office until he was elected to the Forty- 
second Congress ; was re-elected to the Forty-third Congress, and again to the 
Forty-fourth Congress, as a Republican. In 1879, he was nominated by the 
Republicans and elected Governor of the State; was re-elected in 1881. 

In reviewing these slight sketches of the Governors of this grand Western 
State, one is impressed with the active relationship they have all sustained, with 
credit, with national measures. Their services have been efficient, earnest and 
patriotic, like the State they have represented and led. 

ANCIENT AVORKS. 

Ohio has furnished a prolific field for antiquarians and those interested in 
scientific explorations, either for their own amusement and knowledge, or for 
the records of " facts and formations." 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 175 

It is well known tliat the " Mound Builders " had a wide sweep through this 
continent, but absolute facts regarding their era have been most difficult to 
obtain. Numerous theories and sujjpositions have been advanced, yet tlioy are 
emphatic evidences that they have traced the origin and time of this primeval race. 

However, they have left their works behind them, and no exercise of foitli 
is necessary to have confidence in that part of the story. That these works are 
of human origin is self-evident. Temples and military works have been found 
which required a considerable degree of scientific skill on the part of those early 
architects and builders. 

Evidently the Indians had no knowledge of these works of predecessors, 
which differed in all respects from those of the red men. An ancient cemetery 
has been found, covering an area of four acres, which had evidently been laid 
out into lots, from north to south. Nearly 3,000 graves have been discovered, 
containins bones which at some time must have constituted the framework of 
veritable giants, while others are of no unusual size. • In 1815, a jaw-bone was 
exhumed, containing an artificial tooth of silver. 

Mounds and fortifications are plentiful in Athens County, some of them 
being of solid stone. One, difi'ering in the quality of stone from the others, is 
supposed to be a dam across the Hocking. Over a thousand pieces of stone 
were used in its construction. Copper rings, bracelets and ornaments are 
numerous. It is also evident that these people possessed the knowledge of 
hardening copper and giving it an edge equal to our steel of to-day. 

In the branch formed by a branch of the Licking River and Raccoon Creek, 
in Licking County, ancient works extend over an area of several miles. Again, 
three miles northwest of this locality, near the road between Newark and Gran- 
ville, another field of these relics may be found. On the summit of a high hill 
is a fortification, formed to represent an alligator. The head and neck includes 
32 feet ; the length of the body is 73 feet ; the tail was 105 feet; from the termini of 
the fore feet, over the shoulders, the width is 100 feet ; from the termini of 
the hind feet, over the hips, is 92 feet ; its highest point is 7 feet. It is composed 
of clay, which must have been conveyed hither, as it is not similar to the clay 
found in the vicinity. 

Near Miamisburg, Montgomery County, are other specimens. Near the 
village is a mound, equaled in size by very few of these antiquities. It meas- 
ures 800 feet around the base, and rises to a height of sixty-seven feet. Others 
are found in Miami County, while at Circleville, Pickaway County, no traces 
remain. 

Two forts have been discovered, one forming an exact square, a.nd the other 
describing a circle. The square is fianked by two walls, on all sides, these 
being divided by a deep ditch, Tlie circle has one wall and no ditch. This is 
sixty-nine rods in diameter, its walls being tAventy feet high. The square fort 
measures fifty-five rods across, with walls twelve feet high. Twelve gateways 
lead into the square fort, while the circle has but one, which led to the otl:er, at 



116 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

the point -wlierc tlio walls of the two came together. Before each of tliese 
entrances were mounds of earth, from four to five feet high and nearly forty 
feet in diameter. Evidently these were "designed for defenses for the openings, 
in cases of emergency. 

A short distance from Piketon, the turnpike runs, for several hundred feet, 
between two parallel artificial walls of earth, fifteen feet high, and six rods 
apart. In Scioto County, on both sides of the Ohio, are extensive ancient 
works. 

" Fort Ancient " is near Lebanon in Warren County. Its direct measure- 
ment is a mile, but in tracing its angles, retreating and salient, its length would 
be nearly six miles. Its site is a level plain, 240 feet above the level of the 
river. The interior wall varies in height to conform with the nature of the 
ground without — ranging from 8 to 10 feet. On the plain it reaches 100 feet. 
This fort has 58 gateways, through one of which the State road runs, passing 
between two mounds 12 feet hio-li. Northeast from these mounds, situated on 
the plain, are two roads, about a rod wide each, made upon an elevation about 
three feet high. They run parallel to each other about a quarter of a mile, 
when they each form a semicircle around a mound, joining in the circle. It is 
probable this Avas at some time a military defense, or, on the contrary, it may 
have been a general rendezvous for games and high holiday festivities. 

Near Marietta, are the celebrated Muskingum River works, being a half- 
mile from its juncture with the Ohio. They consist of mounds and walls of 
•earth in circular and square forms, also tracing direct lines. 

The largest square fort covers an area of 40 acres, and is inclosed by a wall 
of earth, 6 to 10 feet in height, and from 25 to 30 feet at its base. On each 
side are three gateways. The center gateways exceed the others in size, more 
especially on the side toward the Muskingum. From this outlet runs a covered 
means of egress, between two parallel walls of earth, 231 feet distant from each 
other, measuring from the centers. The walls in the interior are 21 feet high 
at the most elevated points, measuring 42 feet at the base, grading on the exte- 
rior to about five feet in heigth. This passage-way is 3G0 feet in length, lead- 
ing to the low grounds, which, at the period of its construction, probably reached 
the river. 

At the northwest corner, within the inclosure, is a plateau 188 feet long, 
132 feet broad and 9 feet high. Its sides are perpendicular and its surface 
level. At the center of each side is a graded pathway leading to the top, six 
feet wide. Another elevated square is near the south Avail, 150x120 feet square, 
and 8 feet high, similar to the other, with the exception of the graded Avalk. 
Outside and next the wall to ascend to the top, it has central hollow Avays, 10 
feet Avide, leading 20 feet toAvard the center, then arismg with a gradual slope to 
the top. A third elevated square is situated at the southeast corner, 108x54 
feet square, with ascents at the ends. This is neither as high or as perfect as 
the others. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 177 

Anotlier ancient work is found to the southeast, covering an area of 20 acres 
with a gateway in the center of each side, and others at the corners^each of 
these having the mound defense. 

On the outside of the smaller fort, a mound resembling a sugar loaf was 
formed in the shape of a circle 115 feet in diameter, its height being 30 feet. 
A ditch surrounds it, 15 feet wide and 4 feet deep. These earthworks have 
contributed greatly to the satisfactory results of scientific researches. Their 
builders were evidently composed of large bands that have succumbed to the 
advance of enlightened humanity. The relics found consists of ornaments, 
utensils and implements of war. The bones left in the numerous graves convey 
an idea of a stalwart, vigorous people, and the conquests which swept them away 
from the face of the country must have been fierce and cruel. 

Other mounds and fortifications are found in difierent parts of the State, of 
which our limited space will not permit a description. 

Many sculptured rocks are found, and others with plainly discernible 
tracery in emblematical designs upon their surface. The rock on which the 
inscriptions occur is the grindstone grit of the Ohio exports — a sti-atum found 
in Northern Ohio> Arrow-points of flint or chert have been frequently found. 
From all investigations, it is evident that an extensive flint bed existed in Lick- 
ing County, near Newark. The old pits can now be recognized. They 
extended over a hundred acres. They are partially filled with water, and sur- 
rounded by piles of broken and rejected fragments. The flint is a grayish- 
white, with cavities of a brilliant quartz crystal. Evidently these stones were 
chipped into shape and the material sorted on the ground. Only clear, homo- 
genous pieces can be wrought into arrow-heads and spear-points. Flint chips 
extend over many acres of ground in this vicinity, Flint beds are also found 
in Stark and Tuscarawas Counties. In color it varies, being red, white, black 
and mottled. The black is found in Coshocton County. 

SOME GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS. 

Ohio, as a State, is renowned as an agricultural section. Its variety, quality 
and quantity of productions cannot be surpassed by any State in the Union. Its 
commercial importance ranks proudly in the galaxy of opulent and industrious 
States composing this Union. Her natural resources are prolific, and all improve- 
ments which could be instituted by the ingenuity of mankind have been added. 

From a quarter to a third of its area is hilly and broken. About the head- 
waters of the Muskingum and Scioto, and between the Scioto and the two 
Miami Rivers, are wide prairies ; some of them are elevated and dry, with fertile 
soil, although they are frequently termed "barrens." In other parts, they are 
low and marshy, producing coarse, rank grass, which grows to a height of five 
feet in some places. 

The State is most fortunate in timber wealth, having large quantities of 
black walnut, oak of different varieties, maple, hickory, birch, several kinds of 



178 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

beech, poplar, sycamore, papaw, several kinds of ash, cherry, whitewood and 
buckeye. 

The summers are usually warm, and the winters are mild, considering the 
latitude of the State. Near Lake Erie, the winters are severe, corresponding 
Avith sections in a line with that locality. Snow falls in sufficient quantities 
in the northern part to afford several weeks of fine sleighing. In the southern 
portion, the snowstorms are not frequent, and the fall rarely remains long on 
the ground. 

The climate is generally healthy, with the exception of small tracts lying 
near the marshes and stagnant waters. 

The Ohio River washes the southern border of the State, and is navigable 
for steamboats of a large size, the entire length of its course. From Pitts- 
burgh to its mouth, measuring it meanderings, it is 908 miles long. Its current 
is gentle, having no falls except at Louisville, Ky., where the descent is twenty- 
two and a half feet in two miles. A canal obviates this obstruction. 

The Muskingum is the largest river that flows entirely within the State. It 
is formed by the junction of the Tuscarawas and Walhonding Rivers, and enters 
the Ohio at Marietta One hundred miles of its length is navigable. 

The Scioto is the second river in magnitude, is about 200 miles long, and 
flows into the Ohio at Portsmouth. It afibrds navigation 130 miles of its length. 
The Great Miami is a rapid river, in the western part of the State, and is 100 
miles long. The Little Miami is seventy miles in length, and enters the Ohio 
seven miles from Cincinnati. 

The Maumee rises in Indiana, flows through the northwestern part of the 
State, and enters Lake Erie at Maumee Bay. It afibrds navigation as far as 
Perrysburg, eighteen miles from the lake, and above the rapids, it is again nav- 
igable. 

The Sandusky rises in the northern part of the State, is eighty miles long, 
and fiows into Lake Erie, via Sandusky Bay. 

Lake Erie washes 150 miles of the northern boundary. The State has sev- 
eral fine harbors, the Maumee and Sandusky Bays being the largest. 

We have, in tracing the record of the earlier counties, given the educational inter- 
ests as exemplified by different institutions. We have also given the canal system 
of the State, in previous pages. The Governor is elected every two years, by 
the people. The Senators are chosen biennially, and are apportioned according 
to the male population over twenty-one years of age. The Judges of the 
Supreme and other courts are elected by the joint ballot of the Legislature, for 
the term of seven years. 

During the early settlement of Ohio, perfect social equality existed among the 
settlers. The line of demarkation that was drawn was a separation of the good 
from the bad. Log-rollings and cabin-raisings were mutual affairs. Their 
sport usually consisted of shooting, rowing and hunting. Hunting shirts and 
buckskin pants were in the fashion, while the women dressed in coarse material, 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 179 

woven bj their own hands. A common American cotton check Avas con- 
sidered a magnificent addition to one's toilet. In those times, however, the 
material was $1 per yard, instead of the shilling of to-day. But five yards 
Avas then a large "pattern," instead of the twenty-five of 1880. In cooking 
utensils, the pot, pan and frying-pan constituted an elegant outfit. A few plain 
dishes were added for table use. Stools and benches were the rule, although a 
few wealthy families indulged in splmt-bottom chairs. The cabin floors were 
rough, and in many cases the green sward formed the carpet. Goods were very 
expensive, and flour was considered a great luxury. Goods were brought by 
horses and mules from Detroit, or by wagon from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh, 
and then down the Ohio. Coarse calicoes were $1 per yard ; tea $2 to $3 per 
pound ; cofiee 75 cents ; whisky, from $1 to $2 per gallon, and salt, |5 to $6 
per barrel. In those towns where Indian trade constituted a desirable interest, 
a bottle was set at each end of the counter — a gratuitous ofiering to their red 
friends. 

OUTLINE GEOLOGY OF OHIO. 

Should we group the rocks of Ohio, according to their lithological characters, 
we should give five distinct divisions. They are marked by difierence in appear- 
ance, hardness, color and composition : 

1 — Limestone. 

2 — Black shale. 

3 — Fine-grained sandstone. 

4 — Conglomerate. 

5 — Coal series. 

They are all stratified and sedimentary. They are nearly horizontal. The 
lowest one visible, in a physical as well as a geological sense, is " blue lime- 
stone." 

The bed of the Ohio River near Cincinnati is 133 feet below the level of 
Lake Erie. The strata incline in all directions from the southwestern angle of 
the State. In Scioto County may be seen the outcropping edges of all these 
rocks. They sink at this point in the direction south 80|° east ; easterly at the 
rate of 37^ feet per mile. The cliff" limestone, the upper stratum of the lime- 
stone deposit, is 600 feet above the river at Cincinnati ; at West Union, in 
Adams County, it is only 350 feet above the same level. 

The finely grained sandstone found on the summit of the hills east of Brush 
Creek and west of the Scioto sinks to the base of the hills, and appears beneath 
the conglomerate, near the Little Scioto. Although the rock formations are the 
same in all parts of the State, in the same order, their thickness, mass and dip, 
are quite different. 

Chillicothe, Reynoldsburg, Mansfield, Newburg, Waverly and Rockville, are 
situated near the western border of the "fine-grained limestone." Its outcrop 
forms a continuous and crooked line from the Ohio River to Lake Erie. In the 
southwest portion of the State is the "blue limestone," occupying a circular 



180 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

space from West Union via Da^^ton, to the State line. The conglomerate is to 
the east of the given towns, bending aronnd from Cuyahoga Falls to Burton, in 
Geauga County, and then eastward into Pennsylvania. Near this outcrop are 
the coal-bearing rocks which occupy the east and southeastern portions of Ohio. 
From llockvlllc to Chillicothe, the course is north, about 10° east, and nearly 
corresponds with the line of outcrop of the fine-grained sandstone for an e(iual 
distance. The dip at llockville, given by Charles Whittlesey, is 80A-°, almost 
at a right angle, and at the rate of 37 feet per mile. 

At Chillicothe, the other end of the line, the general dip is south 70° east, 
30 feet to the mile, the line curving eastward and the dip line to the southward. 
This is the universal law. 

The northern boundary of the great coal fields passes through Meadville, in 
Pennsylvania, and turning south arrives at Portage Summit, on tlie summit of 
the Alleghanies, l!,')00 feet above the ocean level. It then plunges rapidly to 
the westward. From the Alleghanies to the southwest, through Pennsylvania, 
Virginia and Tennessee, sweeps this great coal basin. 

Much of the county of Medina is conglomerate upon the surface, but the 
streams, especially the South Branch of the Rock}^ Hiver, set through this sur- 
face stratum, and reach the fine-grained sandstone. This is the case with 
Rocky, Chagrin, Cuyahoga and Grand Rivers — also Conneaut and Ashtabula 
Creeks. This sandstone and the shale extend up the narrow valleys of these 
streams and their tributaries. Between these strata is a mass of coarse-grained 
sandstone, without pebbles, which furnishes the grindstones for which Ohio is 
noted. In Lorain County, the coarse sandstone grit nearly displaces the fine- 
grained sandstone and red shale, thickening at Elyria to the black shale. South 
of this point, the grindstone grit, red shale and ash-colored shale vary in thick- 
ness. The town of Chillicothe, the village of Newburg. and a point in the west 
line of Crawford County, are all situated on the "black shale." 

Dr. Locke gives the dip, at Montgomery and Miami Counties, at north 14°, 
east, si.K feet to the mile ; at Columbus, Whitelesey gives it, 81° 52' east, 22^-^% 
feet to the mile. The fine-grained sandstone at Newburg is not over eighty 
feet in thickness ; at Jacktow n and Reynoldsburg, 500 ; at Waverly 250 to 
300 feet, and at Brush Creek. Adams County, 343 feet. The black shale is 
251 feet thick at Brush Creek : at Alum Creek, 250 to 300 feet thick ; in Craw- 
ford County, about 250 feet thick. The conglomerate in Jackson County is 
200 feet thick : at Cuyahoga Falls, 100 to 120 feet ; at Burton, Geauga County, 
300 feet. The great limestone formation is divided into several numbers. At 
Cincinnati, at the bed of the river, there is : 

1 — A blue limestone and slaty marlite. 

2 — Dun-colored marl and layers of lime rock. 

3 — Blue marl and layers of blue limestone. 
' 4 — Marl and bands of limestone, Avith immense numbers of shells at the 
surface. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 181 

In Adams County, the detailed section is thus : 

1 — Blue limestone and marl. 

2 — Blue marl. 

3 — Flinty limestone. 

4 — Blue marl. 

5 — Cliff limestone. 

The coal-fields of Ohio are composed of alternate beds of coarse-grained 
sandstone, clay shales, layers of ironstone, thin beds of limestone and numer- 
ous strata of coal. The coal region abounds in iron. From Jacktown to Con- 
cord, in Muskingum County, there are eight beds of coal, and seven strata of 
limestone. The distance between these two points is forty-two miles. From 
Freedom, in Portage County, to Poland, in Trumbull County, a distance of 
thirty-five miles, there are five distinct strata. Among them are distributed 
thin beds of limestone, and many beds of iron ore. The greater mass of coal 
and ii'on measures is composed of sandstone and shale. The beds of sandstone 
are from ten to twenty or eighty feet thick. Of shale, five to fifty feet thick. 
The strata of coal and iron are comparatively thin. A stratum of coal three 
feet thick can be worked to advantage. One four feet thick is called a good 
mine, few of them averaging five. Coal strata are found from six to ten and 
eleven feet. There are four beds of coal, and three of limestone, in Lawrence 
and Scioto Counties. There are also eight beds of ore, and new ones are con- 
stantly being discovered. The ore is from four to twelve inches thick, occasion- 
ally being two feet. The calcareous ore rests upon the second bed of limestone, 
from the bottom, and is very rich. 

The most prominent fossils are trees, plants and stems of the coal-bearing 
rocks, shells and corals and crustacese of the limestone, and the timber, leaves 
and dirt-beds of the "drift" — the earthy covering of the rocks, which varies 
from nothing to 200 feet. Bowlders, or " lost rocks," are strewn over the State. 
They are evidently transported from some remote section, being fragments of 
primitive rock, granite, gneiss and hornblende rock, which do not exist in 
Ohio, nor within 400 miles of the State, in any direction. In the Lake Supe- 
rior region we find similar specimens. 

The superficial deposits of Ohio are arranged into four geological formations : 

1 — The ancient drift, resting upon the rocks of the State. 

2 — The Lake Erie marl and sand deposits. 

3 — The drift occupying the valleys of large streams, such as the Great Miami, 
the Ohio and Scioto. 

4 — The bowlders. 

The ancient drift of Ohio is meager in shell deposits. It is not, therefore, 
decided whether it be of salt-water origin or fresh water. 

It has, at the bottom, blue clay, with gravel-stones of primitive or sedimen- 
tary rocks, containing carbonate of lime. The yellow clay is found second. 
Above that, sand and gravel, less stratified, containing more pebbles of the 



182 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

sedimentary rocks, such as limestone and stone, iron ore, coal and shale. The 
lower layer contains logs, trees, leaves, sticks and vines. 

The Lake Erie section, or "Lake Erie deposits," may be classed in the 
following order : 

1 — From the lake level upward, fine, blue, marly sand — forty-five to sixty 
feet. 

2 — Coarse, gray, water-washed sand — ten to twenty feet. 

3 — Coarse sand and gravel, not well stratified, to surfiice — twenty to fifty feet. 

Stratum first dissolves in water. It contains carbonate of lime, magnesia, 
iron, alumina, silex, sulphur, and some decomposed leaves, plants and sticks. 
Some pebbles are found. In contact with the water, quicksand is formed. 

The Hickory Plains, at the forks of the Great Miami and White Water, and 
also between Kilgore"s ]Mill and New Richmond, are the results of heavy dilu- 
vial currents. 

In presenting these formations of the State, we have quoted from the experi- 
ence and conclusions of Charles Whittlesey, eminent as a geologist, and who 
was a member of the Ohio Geological Corps. 

Ohio's rank during the war. 

The patriotism of this State has been stanch, unswerving and bold, ever 
since a first settlement laid its corner-stone in the great Western wilder- 
ness. Its decisive measures, its earnest action, its noble constancy, have earned 
the laurels that designate it "a watchword for the nation." In the year 18G0, 
Ohio had a population of 2,343,739. Its contribution of soldiers to the great 
conflict that was soon to surge over the land in scarlet terror, was apportioned 
310,000 men. In less than twenty-four hours after the President's proclama- 
tion and call for troops, the Senate had matured and carried a bill through, 
appropriating $1,000,000 for the purpose of placing the State on a war footing. 
The influences of party sentiments were forgotten, and united, the State 
unfurled the flag of patriotism. Before the bombardment of old Fort Sumter 
has fairly ceased its echoes, twenty companies Avere offered the Governor for 
immediate service. When the surrender was verified, the excitement was 
tumultuous. Militia oflScers telegraphed their willingness to receive prompt 
orders, all over the State. The President of Kenyon College — President 
Andrews — tendered his services by enlisting in the ranks. Indeed, three 
months before the outbreak of the war, he had expressed his readiness to the 
Governor to engage, in service should there be occasion. He was the first citi- 
zen to make this offer. 

The Cleveland Grays, the Rover Guards, the State Fencibles, the Dayton 
Light Guards, the Governor's Guards, the Columbus Videttes and the Guthrie 
Grays — the best drilled and celebrated militia in the State — telegraphed to 
Columbus for orders. Chillicothe, Portsmouth and Circleville offered money 
and troops. Canton, Xenia, Lebanon, Lancaster, Springfield, Cincinnati, 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 183 

Dayton, Cleveland, Toledo and other towns urged their assistance upon the State. 
Columbus began to look like a great army field. The troops were stationed 
wherever they could find quarters, and food in sufficient quantities was hard to 
procure. The Governor soon established a camp at Miamiville, convenient to 
Cincinnati. He intended to appoint Irvin McDowell, of the staif of Lieut. 
Gen. Scott, to the leading command, but the friends of Capt. McClellan became 
enthusiastic and appealed to the Governor, who decided to investigate his case. 
Being satisfied, he desired Capt. McClellan to come up to Columbus. But that 
officer was busy and sent Capt. Pope, of the regular army, in his stead. This 
gentleman did not suit Gov. Dennison. The friends of McClellan again set 
forth the high qualities of this officer, and Gov. Dennison sent an earnest 
request for an interview, which was granted, and resulted in the appointment 
of the ofiicer as Major General of the Ohio militia. Directly thereafter, he 
received an invitation to take command of the Pennsylvania troops, but Ohio 
could not spare so valuable a leader. 

For three-years troops were soon called out, and their Generals were to be 
appointed by the President. Gov. Dennison advised at once Avith the War 
Department at Washington, and McClellan received his appointment as Major 
General in the regular army. 

Cincinnati and Louisville became alarmed lest Kentucky should espouse the 
Confederate cause, and those cities thus be left insecure against the inroads of a 
cruel foe. Four hundred and thirty-six miles of Ohio bordered Slave States. 
Kentucky and West Virginia were to be kept in check, but the Governor pro- 
claimed that not only should the border of Ohio be protected, but even beyond 
that would the State press the enemy. Marietta was garrisoned, and other river 
points rendered impregnable. On the 20th of May, 1861, official dispatches 
affirmed that troops were approaching Wheeling under the proclamation of 
Letcher. Their intention was to route the convention at Wheelino-. 

Military orders were instantly given. Col. Steedman and his troops crossed 
at Marietta and crushed the disturbance at Parkersburg — swept into the country 
along the railroad, built bridges, etc. Col. Irvine crossed at Wheeling and 
united with a regiment of loyal Virginians. At the juncture of the tAvo tracks 
at Grafton, the columns met, but the rebels had retreated in mad haste. The 
loyal troops followed, and, at Philippi, fought the first little skirmish of the war. 
The great railway lines were secured, and the Wheeling convention protected, 
and West Virginia partially secured for the L'nion, 

After preliminary arrangements, McClellan's forces moved in two columns 
upon the enemy at Laurel Hill. One remained in front, under Gen. Morris, 
while the other, under his own command, pushed around to Huttonsville, in 
their rear. Gen. Morris carried his orders through promptly, but McClellan 
was late. Rosecrans was left with McClellan's advance to fight the battle of 
Rich Mountain, unaided. Garnett being alarmed at the defeat of his outpost, 
retreated. McClellan was not in time to intercept him, but Morris continued 



184 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

the chase. Steedman overtook the rear-guard of Garnett's army at Carrick's 
Ford, where a sharp skirmish ensued, Garnett himself falling. The scattered 
portions of the rebel army escaped, and West Virginia was again free from 
armed rebels — and was the gift of Ohio through her State militia to the nation 
at the beginning of the war. 

At this period, Gen. McClellan was called to Washington. Gen, Rose- 
crans succeeded him, and the three-years troops left in the field after the dis- 
banding of the three-months men, barely sufficed to hold the country. Pie 
telegraphed Gov. Dennison to supply him immediately with re-enforcements, the 
request being made on the 8th of August. Already had the Confederate lead- 
ers realized the loss they had sustained in Western Virginia, and had dispatched 
their most valued General, Robert E. Lee, to regain the territory. Rosecrans 
again wrote : " If you. Governor of Indiana and Governor of Michigan, will 
lend your efforts to get me quickly 50,000 men, in addition to my present 
force, I think a blow can be struck which will save fighting the rifled-cannon 
batteries at Manassas. Lee is certainly at Cheat Mountain. Send all troops 
you can to Grafton." Five days thereafter, all the available troops in the 
West were dispatched to Fremont, Mo., and the plans of Rosecrans were 
foiled. 

Heavy re-enforcements had been sent to the column in Kanawha Valley 
under Gen. Cox. He became alarmed, and telegraphed to Gov. Dennison. 
Rosecrans again appealed to Gov. Dennison, that he might be aided in march- 
ing across the country against Floyd and Wise to Cox's relief, "I want to 
catch Floyd while Cox holds him in front." 

The response was immediate and effective. He was enabled to employ 
twenty-three Ohio regiments in clearing his department from rebels, securing 
the country and guarding the exposed railroads. With this achievement, the 
direct relation of the State administrations with the conduct and methods of 
campaigns terminated. The General Government had settled down to a sys- 
tem. Ohio was busy organizing and equipping regiments, caring for the sick 
and wounded, and sustaining her home strength. 

Gov. Dennison's staff officers were tendered better positions in the national 
service. Camps Dennison and Chase, one at Cincinnati and the other at 
Columbus, were controlled by the United States authorities. A laboratory was 
established at Columbus for the supply of ammunition. During the fall and 
early winter, the Ohio troops suffered in Western Virginia. The people of 
their native State responded with blankets, clothing and other supplies. 

In January, 1862, David A. Tod entered upon the duties of Governor. 
The first feature of his administration was to care for the wounded at home, 
sent from Pittsburg Landing. A regular system was inaugurated to supply 
stores and clothing to the suffering at home and in the field. Agencies Avere 
established, and the great and good work was found to be most efficacious in 
alleviating the wretchedness consequent upon fearful battles. A. B. Lyman 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 185 

had charge of affairs in Cincinnati, and Royal Taylor held the same position 
in Louisville. J. C. Wetmore Avas stationed at AVashington, F. W. Bingham 
at Memphis, Weston Flint at Cairo and St. Louis. Thus the care which Ohio 
extended over her troops at home and in the battle-field, furnished a practical 
example to other States, and was the foundation of that commendable system 
all over the Union. Stonewall Jackson's sudden advent in the valley created 
the greatest consternation lest the safety of the capital be jeopardized, and the 
War Department called for more troops. Gov. Tod immediately issued a 
proclamation, and the people, never shrinking, responded heartily. At Cleve- 
land a large meeting was held, and 250 men enlisted, including 27 out of 32 
students attending the law school. Fire bells rang out the alarm at Zanesville, 
a meeting was convened at 10 in the morning, and by 3 in the afternoon, 300 
men had enlisted. Court was adjourned sine die, and the Judge announced 
that he and the lawyers were about to enter into military ranks. Only three 
unmarried men between the ages of eighteen and twenty-three were left in the 
town of Putnam. Five thousand volunteers reported at Camp Chase within 
two days after the proclamation. 

Again in June, the President called for troops, followed by yet another call. 
Under these calls, Ohio was to raise 74,000 men. The draft system Avas 
advised to hasten and facilitate filling regiments. It has always been a repul- 
sive measure. To save sections from this proceeding, enormous sums were 
ofiered to induce men to volunteer, and thus fill the quota. 

Counties, townships, towns and individuals, all made bids and urged the 
rapid enlistment of troops. The result was, that the regiments were filled rap- 
idly, but not in sufficient numbers to prevent the draft. Twenty thousand four 
hundred and twenty-seven men were yet lacking, and the draft was ordered, 
September 15. At the close of the year, Ohio Avas ahead of her calls. Late 
in the fall, the prospect was disheartening. The peninsula campaign had failed. 
The Army of Northern Virginia had been hurled back nearly to Washington. 
The rebels had invaded Maryland ; Cincinnati and Louisville were threatenedy 
and the President had declared his intention to abolish slavery, as a war meas- 
ure. During the first part of 1862, artillery, stores and supplies were carried 
away mysteriously, from the Ohio border ; then little squads ventured OA^er the 
river to plunder more openly, or to burn a bridge or two. The rebel bands 
came swooping down upon isolated supply trains, sending insolent roundabout 
messages regarding their next day's intentions. Then came invasions of our 
lines near Nashville, capture of squads of guards within sight of camp, the seizure 
of Gallatin. After Mitchell had entered Northern Alabama, all manner of depre- 
dations were committed before his very eyes. These were attributed to John 
Morgan's Kentucky cavalry. He and his men, by the middle of 1862, were 
as active and dangerous as Lee or Beauregard and their troops. Morgan was a 
native of Alabama, but had lived in Kentucky since boyhood. His father was 
large slave-owner, who lived in the center of the "Blue Grass Country." His 



186 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

life had been one of wild dissipation, adventure and recklessness, although in 
his own family he had the name of being most considerate. The men who fol- 
lowed him were accustomed to a dare-devil life. They formed and independent 
band, and dashed madly into the conflict, wherever and whenever inclination 
prompted. Ohio had just raised troops to send East, to assist in the overthrow 
of Stonewell Jackson. She had overcome her discouragements over failures, 
for the prospects were brightening. Beauregard had evacuated Corinth ; Mem- 
phis had fallen ; Buell was moving toward Chattanooga ; Mitchell's troops held 
Northern Tennessee and Northern Alabama ; Kentucky was virtually in the 
keeping of tlie home guards and State military board. And now, here was 
Morgan, creating confusion in Kentucky by his furious raids ! On the 11th of 
July, the little post of Tompkinsville fell. He issued a call for the Kentuckians 
to rise in a body. He marched toward Lexington, and the southern border of 
Ohio was again in danger. Cincinnati was greatly excited. Aid was sent to 
Lexington and home guards were ready for duty. Morgan was not prominent 
for a day or so, but he was not idle. By the 9th of July, he held possession of 
Tompkinsville and Glasgow ; by the 11th, of Lebanon. On tlie 13th, he 
entered Harraldsburg ; Monday morning he was within fifteen miles of Frank- 
fort. He had marched nearly 400 miles in eight days. Going on, toward 
Lexington, he captured the telegraph operator at Midway, and his messages 
also ! He was now aware of the plans of the Union armies at Lexington, 
Louisville, Cincinnati and* Frankfort. In the name of the operator, he sent 
word that jMorgan was driving in the pickets at Frankfort ! Now that he 
had thrown his foes off guard, he rested his men a couple of days. He 
decided to let Lexington alone, and swept down on Cynthiana, routing a few 
hundred loyal Kentucky cavalrymen, capturing the gun and 420 prisoners, and 
nearly 300 horses. Then he was off to Paris ; he marched through Winchester, 
Richmond, Crab Orchard and Somerset, and again crossed the Cumberland River. 
He started with 900 men and returned with 1,200, having captured and paroled 
nearly as many, besides destroying all the Government arms and stores in seven- 
teen towns. The excitement continued in Cincinnati. Two regiments were 
hastily formed, for emergencies,- known as Cincinnati Reserves. Morgan's raid 
did not reach the city, but it demonstrated to the rebel forces what might be 
accomplished in the " Blue Grass " region. July and August were passed in 
gloom. Bragg and Buell were both watchful, and Chattanooga had not been 
taken. Lexington was again menaced, a battle fought, and was finally deserted 
because it could not be held. 

Louisville was now in danger. The banks sent their specie away. Railroad 
companies added new guards. 

September 1, Gen. Kirby Smith entered Lexington, and dispatched Heath 
with about six tliousand men against Cincinnati and Covington. John Morgan 
joined him. The rebels rushed upon the borders of Ohio. The failure at Rich- 
mond only added deeper apprehension. Soon Kirby Smith and his regiments 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 189 

occupied a position where only a few unmanned siege guns and the Ohio 
prevented his entrance through Covington into the Queen City. The city was 
fully armed, and Lew. Wallace's arrival to take command inspired all with 
fresh courage. And before the people were hardly aware that danger was so 
near, the city was proclaimed under strict martial law. " Citizens for labor, 
soldiers for battle." 

There was no panic, because the leaders were confident. Back of Newport 
and Covington breastworks, riflepits and redoubts had been hastily thrown up, 
and pickets were thrown out. From Cincinnati to Covington extended a pon- 
ton bridge. Volunteers marched into the city and those already in service 
were sent to the rescue. Strict military law was now modified, and the city 
being secured, some inconsiderate one* expressed themselves as being outraged 
with " much ado»about nothing." But Gen. Wallace did not cease his vigilance. 
And Smith's force began to move up. One or two skirmishes ensued. The 
city was again excited. September 11 was one of intense suspense. But 
Smith did not attack in force. He was ordered to join Bragg. On the Mon- 
day following, the citizens of Cincinnati returned to their avocations. In the 
spring of 1863, the State was a trifle discouraged. Her burdens had been 
heavy, and she was weary. Vicksburg was yet in the hands of the enemy. 
Rosecrans had not moved since his victory at Stone River. There had been 
fearful slaughter about Fredericksburg. 

But during July, 1863, Ohio was aroused again by Bragg's command to 
Morgan, to raid Kentucky and capture Louisville. On the 3d of July, he was 
in a position to invade Ohio, Indiana and Kentucky. He continued his depre- 
dations, bewildering the militia with his movements. His avowed intention 
was to burn Indianapolis and " take Cincinnati alive." Morgan's purposes 
were never clear. It was his audacious and sudden dashes, here and there, 
which gave him success. Before Cincinnati was aware, he was at Harrison — 
13th of July. He expected to meet the forces of Burnside and Judah, and to 
cut his way through. His plans here, as everywhere, were indefinable, and he 
succeeded in deceiving everybody. While printers in Cincinnati were setting 
up " reports " as to his whereabouts, he was actually marching through the sub- 
urbs, near troops enough to devour them, and yet not encountered by a single 
picket ! They fed their horses within sight of Camp Dennison. At 4 
o'clock that day, they were within twenty-eight miles of Cincinnati — having 
marched more than ninety miles in thirty-five hours. 

The greatest chagrin was expressed, that Morgan had so easily eluded the 
great military forces. A sudden dash was made to follow him. There was a 
universal bolting of doors, burying of valuables, hiding of horses, etc., all along 
the route of the mad cavalryman and his 2,000 mounted men. They plundered 
beyond all comparison. They made a principle of it. On the 14th of July, 
he was feeding his horses near Dennison ; he reached the ford at Buffi ngton 
Island on the evening of the 18th ; he had encountered several little skirmishes, 



190 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

but he had marched through at his own will, mostly ; all the troops of Kentucky 
had been outwitted. The Indiana forces had been laughed to scorn. The 
50,000 Ohio militia had been as straws in his way. The intrepid band would 
soon be upon friendly soil, leaving a blackened trail behind. But Judah was 
up and marching after him, Hobson followed and Col. Runkle was north of 
him. The local militia in his advance began to impede the way. Near Pome- 
roy, a stand was made. Morgan found militia posted everywhere, but he suc- 
ceeded in running the gantlet, so far as to reach Chester. He should have 
hastened to cross the ford. Fortunately, he paused to breathe his horses and 
secure a guide. The hour and a half thus lost Avas the first mistake Morgan is 
known to have made in his military career. They reached Portland, and only 
a little earthwork, guarded by about 300 men, stood between him and safety. 
His men were exhausted, and he feared to lead them to a night attack upon a 
position not understood perfectly ; he would not abandon his wagon train, nor 
his wounded ; he would save or lose all. As Morgan was preparing next 
morning, having found the earthworks deserted through the night, Judah came 
up. He repulsed the attack at first, capturing Judah's Adjutant General, and 
ordering him to hold the force on his front in check. He was not able to join 
his own company, until it was in full retreat. Here Lieut. O'Neil, of the Fifth 
Indiana, made an impulsive charge, the lines were reformed, and up the Chester 
road were Hobson's gallant cavalrymen, who had been galloping over three 
States to capture this very Morgan ! And now the tin-clad gunboats steamed 
up and opened fire. The route was complete, but Morgan escaped with 1,200 
men ! Seven hundred men were taken prisoners, among them Morgan's brother, 
Cols. Ward, Duke and Huffman. The prisoners were brought to Cincinnati, 
while the troops went after the fugitive. He was surrounded by dangers ; his 
men were exhausted, hunted down ; skirmishes and thrilling escapes marked a 
series of methods to escape — his wonderful sagacity absolutely brilliant to the 
very last — which was his capture, on the 26th, with 346 prisoners and 
400 horses and arms. It may be added, that after several months of con- 
finement, Morgan and six prisoners escaped, on the 27th of November. Again 
was he free to raid in the " Blue Grass " country. 

John Brough succeeded Gov. Tod January 11, 1864. His first prominent 
work was with the Sanitary Commission. In February, of the same year, the 
President called for more troops. The quota of Ohio was 51,465 men. The 
call of March added 20,995. And in July was a third demand for 50,792. In 
December, the State was ordered to raise 26,027. The critical period of the 
war was evidently approaching. Gov. Brough instituted a reformation in the 
"promotion system " of the Ohio troops. He was, in many cases, severe in his 
measures. He ignored " local great men " and refused distinction as a bribe. 
The consequence was that he had many friends and some enemies. The acute- 
ness of his policy was so strong, and his policy so just, that, after all his severe 
administration, he was second to no statesman in the nation during the struggle. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 191 

Ohio during the war was most active in her relief and aid societies. The most 
noted and extensive organization was the Cincinnati Branch of the United 
States Sanitary Commission. The most efficient organization was the Soldiers' 
Aid Society of Northern Ohio. ^ 

When the happy tidings swept over the land that peace Avas proclaimed, an 
echo of thanksgiving followed the proclamation. The brave sons of Ohio 
returned to their own soil — those who escaped the carnage. But 'mid the 
rejoicing there was deepest sadness, for a fragment only remained of that brave 
army which had set out sturdily inspired with patriotism. 

A BRIEF MENTION OF PROxMINENT OHIO GENERALS. 

George Briton McClellan, the first General appointed in Ohio, was born 
December 3, 1826, in Philadelphia. His father Avas a physician of high stand- 
ing and Scottish descent. Young George was in school in Philadelphia, and 
entered West Point at the age of sixteen. At the age of twenty, he was a bre- 
vet Second Lieutenant, tracing lines of investment before Vera Cruz, under the 
supervision of Capt. R. E. Lee, First Lieut. P. G. T. Beauregard, Second Lieut. 
G. W. Smith. At the close of the Mexican war, old Col. Totten reported in 
favor of them all to Winfield Scott. He had charge of an exploring expedition 
to the mountains of Oregon and Washington, beginning with the Cascade Range. 
This was one of a series of Pacific Raihvay explorations. Returning to Wash- 
ington, he was detailed to visit the West Indies and secretly select a coaling sta- 
tion for the United States Navy. He was dispatched by Jefferson Davis, 
Secretary of War, to Europe, with instructions to take full reports of the organ- 
ization of military forces connected Avith the Crimean war. This work elicited 
entire satisfaction. He returned in January, 185T, resigned as regular army 
officer, and was soon installed as engineer of Illinois Central Railroad. In 1860, 
he was President of the Ohio & Mississippi. He removed to Cincinnati, Avhere 
he was at the opening of the Avar. 

William Starke Rosecrans was born September 6, 1819, in Delaware County, 
Ohio. His people were from Amsterdam. He was educated at West Point. 
When the war opened, he espoused the cause of the Union with enthusiastic 
zeal, and was appointed by McClellan on his staff as Engineer. June 9, he 
was Chief Engineer of the State under special laAV. Soon thereafter, he was 
Colonel of the Twenty-third Ohio, and assigned to the command of Camp 
Chase, Columbus. On May 16, his commission was out as Brigadier General 
in the United States Army. This reached him and he was speedily sum- 
moned to active service, under Gen. McClellan. After the battle of Rich Moun- 
tain, he was promoted to the head of the department. 

In April, 1862, he was succeeded by Fremont, and ordered to Wash- 
ington to engage in immediate service for the Secretary of War. About the 
15th of May, he was ordered to Gen. Halleck, before Corinth. He was 
relieved from his command December 9, 1864. 



192 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

Ulysses S. Grant, whose history we cannot attempt to give in these pages, 
was born on the banks of the Ohio, at Point Pleasant, Clermont Co., Ohio, 
April 27, 1822. He entered West Point in 1839. 

" That the son of a tanner, poor and unpretending, without influential friends 
until his performance had won them, ill-used to the world and its ways, should 
rise — not suddenly, in the first blind worship of helpless ignorance which made 
any one who understood regimental tactics illustrious in advance for what he 
was going to do, not at all for what he had done — but slowly, grade by grade, 
through all the vicissitudes of constant service and mingled blunders and suc- 
cess, till, at the end of four years' war he stood at the head of our armies, 
crowned by popular acclaim our greatest soldier, is a satisfactory answer to 
criticism and a sufficient vindication of greatness. Success succeeds." 

" We may reason on the man's career ; we may prove that at few stages has 
lie shown personal evidence of marked ability ; we may demonstrate his mis- 
takes ; we may swell the praises of his subordinates. But after all, the career 
stands wonderful, unique, worthy of study so long as the nation honors her 
benefactors, or the State cherishes the good fame of the sons who contributed 
most to her honor." 

Lieut. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman was another Ohio contribution to 
the great Union war. He was born at Lancaster February 8, 1820, He 
entered West Point in June, 1836. His " march to the sea " has fully brought 
out the details of his life, since they were rendered interesting to all, and we 
refrain from repeating the well-known story. 

Philip H. Sheridan Avas born on the 6th of March, 1831, in Somerset, 
Perry Co., Ohio. He entered West Point in 1848. During the war, his 
career was brilliant. His presence meant victory. Troops fighting under his 
command were inspired. Gen. Rosecrans said of him, "He fights, he fights." 
A staff officer once said, "He is an emphatic human syllable." 

Maj. Gen. James B. McPherson was born in Sandusky County, town of 
Clyde, November 14, 1828. 

Maj. Gen. Q. A. Gillraore was born February 28, 1825, at Black River, 
Lorain Co., Ohio. 

Maj. Gen. Irvin McDowell was born at Franklinton, Ohio, October 15, 
1818. 

Maj. Gen. Don Carlos Buell was born near Marietta on the 23d of March, 
1818. His grandfather on the maternal side was one of the first settlers of 
Cincinnati. 

Maj. Gen. 0. M. Mitchell was a native of Kentucky, but a resident of 
Ohio from the age of four years. 

Maj. Gen. Robert C. Schenck was born October 4, 1809, in Franklin, 
Warren Co., Ohio. 

Maj. Gen. James A. Garfield, was born in Orange, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio, 
I^ovember 19, 1831. 



ISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO 193- 

Maj. Gen. Jacob D. Cox was born in Canada in 1828, and removed ta 
Ohio in 1846. 

Maj. Gen. James B. Steedman was born in Pennsylvania July 30, 1818, 
and removed to Toledo in 1861. 

Maj. Gen. David S. Stanley was born in Wayne County, Ohio, June 1,, 
1828. 

Maj. Gen. George Crook was born in Montgomery County, Ohio, Septem- 
ber 8, 1828. 

Maj. Gen. Mortimer D. Leggett was born in New York April 19, 1831, 
and emigrated to Ohio, in 1847. 

Brevet Maj. Gen. John C. Tidball was born in Virginia, but removed while 
a mere lad to Ohio with his parents. 

Brevet Maj. Gen. John W. Fuller was born in England in 1827. He 
removed to Toledo in 1858. 

Brevet Maj. Gen. Manning F. Force was born in Washington, D. C., on. 
the 17th of December, 1824. He became a citizen of Cincinnati. 

Brevet Maj. Gen. Henry B. Banning was born in Knox County, Ohio, 
November 10, 1834. 

We add the names of Brevet Maj. Gens. Erastus B. Tyler, Thomas H. 
Ewing, Charles R. Woods, August V. Kautz, Rutherford B. Hayes, Charles 
C. Walcutt, Kenner Garrard, Hugh Ewing, Samuel Beatty, James S. Robinson,. 
Joseph W. Keifer, Eli Long, William B. Woods, John W. Sprague, Benjamin 
P. Runkle, August Willich, Charles Griffin, Henry J. Hunt, B. W. Brice. 

Brig. Gens. Robert L. McCook, William H. Lytle, William Leroy 
Smith, C. P. Buckingham, Ferdinand Van Derveer, George P. Este, Joel A. 
Dewey, Benjamin F. Potts, Jacob Ammen, Daniel McCook, J. W. Forsyth., 
Ralph P. Buckland, William H. Powell, John G. Mitchell, Eliakim P. Scam- 
mon, Charles G Harker, J. W. Reilly, Joshua W. Sill, N. C. McLean, Will- 
iam T. H, Brooks, George W. Morgan, John Beatty, William W. Burns, John 
S. Mason, S. S. Carroll, Henry B. Carrington, M. S. Wade, John P. Slough,. 
T. K. Smith. 

Brevet Brig. Gens. C. B. Ludlow, Andrew Hickenlooper, B. D. 
Fearing, Henry F. Devol, Israel Garrard, Daniel McCoy, W. P. Richardson, 
G. F. Wiles, Thomas M. Vincent, J. S. Jones, Stephen B. Yeoman, F. W. 
Moore, Thomas F. Wilder, Isaac Sherwood, C. H. Grosvenor, Moses E. 
Walker, R. N. Adams, E. B. Eggleston, I. M. Kirby. 

We find numerous other names of Brevet Brigadier Generals, mostly of late 
appointments, and not exercising commands in accordance with their brevet 
rank, which we omit quoting through lack of space. They are the names of 
men of rare abilities, and in many cases of brilliant achievements. 

In looking over the "War Record of Ohio," we find the State a great 
leader in men of valor and heroic deeds. It was the prolific field of military 
geniuses. 



194 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

Ohio was draped with the garb of mourning at the close of the war. Her 
human sacrifice in behalf of the nation had been bitter. There were tears and 
heart-aches all over the land. Her ranks were swept by a murderous tire, from 
which they never ilinched, and many olllcers fell. 

Col. John II. Patrick will be remembered as opening the battle of Lookout 
Mountain. He fell mortally wounded, during the Atlanta campaign, jMay 
15, 1862, while actively engaged. He was struck by a canister shot, and 
expired half a hour thereafter. 

Col. John T. Toland, in July, 1SG3, was placed in command of a mounted 
brigade, including his regiment, and Avas instructed to destroy the Virginia & 
Tennessee Railroad. He reached Wytheville, Va., on the afternoon of the 
18th of July. The rebels were safely intrenched in the house, and poured a 
galling fire nito the national troops. Col. Toland was on horseback, at the 
head of his command. A sharpshooter sent a bullet with fivtal certainty, and 
he fell on the neck of his horse, but was instantly caught by his Orderly 
Sergeant, who heard the fervent words : " My horse and my sword to my 
mother." 

Lieut. Col. Barton S. Kyle accompanied his regiment to the battle of Pitts- 
burg Landing. The regiment was forced back, though resisting bravely. 
Lieut. Col. Kyle was at his post of duty, encouraging his men, Avhen he received 
a bullet in his riajht breast. He survived five hours. 

Col. William G. Jones was engaged m the battle of Chickamauga, June, 
1863. His regiment, the Thirty-sixth Ohio, was included in Turchin's Brigade 
of the Fourteenth Corps. He Avrote in his pocket memoranda : " Oft' to the 
left ; merciful Father, have mercy on me and my regiment, and protect us from 
injury and death " — at 12 o'clock. At 5 that afternoon, he was fatally wounded 
and expired at 7 that same evening, on the battle-field His remains were 
taken by the rebels, but in December, 1863, they were exhumed and interred 
in Spring Grove Cemetery, Cincinnati. 

Col. Fred. C. Jones held command of the Tenth Brigade, in October, 1862, 
marching from AVild Cat, Ky., to Nashville, through a perpetual skirmish, 
During the battle of Stone River, Col. Jones' regiment, the Twenty-fourth, was 
on the front and left of the line. During the afternoon, when the rebel assault 
upon the left became furious. Col. Jones ordered his men to lie down and hold 
fire, which was obeyed. They rose to pour a deadly volley into the rebel ranks, 
and rush forward in a fierce charge. The capture of an entire rebel regiment was 
thus eftected, but Col. Jones was shot in the right side. He was carried to the 
rear. " I know it ; I am dying now ; pay no attention to me, but look after 
my wounded men." He survived about ten hours. His remains are buried in 
Spring Grove. Cincinnati. 

Col. Lorin Andrews went with his command to Western Virginia, where 
he succumbed to exposure and severe duty. He was removed to his home, 
Gambier. Ohio, where he died surrounded by friends September 18, 1861. 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 195 

Col. Minor Milliken was sent to repel the attacks of the rebels at the rear, 
lie led a superb cavalry charge against the enemy, vastly superior in numbers, 
and was cut off vrith a small portion of his regiment. He disdained to sur- 
render, and ordered his men to cut their way out. A hand-to-hand conflict 
ensued. Col. Milliken, being an expert swordsman, was able to protect himself 
with his saber. While parrying the strokes of his assailant, anotlier shot him. 
The regiment, again charging, recovered his body, stripped of sword, purse and 
watch. 

Col. George P. AVebster, with his regiment, the Ninety-eighth, left Steu- 
benville for Covington, Ky., August 23, 1862, marching from that point to Lex- 
ington and Louisville. He was placed at the command of the Thirty-fourth 
Brigade, Jackson's division, Cooke's corps. He fell in the battle of Perryville, 
and died on the field of battle. 

Col. Leander Stem was appointed Colonel of the One Hundred and First 
Ohio Infantry August 30, 1862. His premonitions that he should fall during 
his first regular engagement proved too true. As the army was advancing on 
Murfreesboro, the engagement of Knob Gap occurred, when Col. Stem's regi- 
ment charged and took a rebel battery, with several prisoners. The army 
closed around Murfreesboro, and on the* evening of the 30th, the One Hun- 
dred and First was engaged in demonstrations against the enemy. Next 
morning, the battle of Stone River began in earnest. When Col. Stem's regi- 
ment began to waver, he called out: "Stand by the flag now, for the good 
old State of Ohio ! ' ' and instantly fell, fatally wounded. 

Lieut. Col. Jonas D. Elliott held his position in May, 1863. During the 
summer of 1864, he commanded the left wing of the regiment at Dodsonville, 
Ala.; in September, he Avas sent after Wheeler, and was ordered into camp at 
Decatur. On the 23d, he was dispatched to Athens, to participate in the attack 
of Gen. Forrest, of the rebels. Col. Elliott was sent out, with 300 men, and 
being surrounded by Gen. Forrest, with vastly superior numbers, a forced resist- 
ance enabled them to sustain their own ground, until a fresh brigade of rebels 
arrived, under Gen. Warren. This officer instructed one of his men to shoot 
Lieut. Col. Elliott, and a moment later he fell. He lingered nineteen days. 

Col. Joseph L, Kirby Smith took command of the Forty-third Ohio Regi- 
ment. He fell at the battle of Corinth, under Rosecrans. 

Lieut. Col James W. Shane fell, June 27, 1864, in an assault upon the 
enemy's works at Kenesaw. He survived but forty minutes. 

Col. Augustus H. Coleman displayed the abilities of a successful commander. 
He was in the first charge on the bridge across Antietam Creek. He was 
fatally wounded. His last words were inquiries regarding his men. 

Col. J. W. Lowe commanded the Twelfth Ohio, and was ordered to assist 
the Tenth in the battle of Carnifex Ferry. Cheering his men, in the thickest 
of the fight, a rifle ball pierced his forehead, and he fell dead — the first field 
officer from Ohio killed in battle in the war for the L'^nion. 



196 HISTORY OF THE STATlj) OF OHIO. 

Lieut, Col. Moses F. Wooster was engaged witli liis regiment, the One Hun- 
dred and First Ohio, at Perryville. He was mortally wounded on the 81st 
of December, 1862, in the grand effort to stem the tide of defeat at Stone 
River. 

The list of staff officers we refrain from giving, through lack of space. 

At the opening of the war, William Dennison was Governor of Ohio. David 
Tod succeeded him. John Brough was the third War Governor. 

Secretary Edwin M. Stanton was one of the most popular war Ministers. 
He was born in Steubenville, Ohio, in 1815 ; he was engaged in the United 
States Circuit Court, in 1860, in a leading law suit, at Cincinnati, known as the 
Manny and McCormick reaper trial ; on the 20th of January, 1862, he was 
appointed Secretary of War by Mr. Lincoln. 

Ex-Secretary Salmon P. Chase's public services in Ohio have already been 
mentioned in these pages. In 1861, he was appointed Secretary of the Treas- 
ury, in Mr. Lincoln's cabinet. 

United States Senator B. F. Wade made his reputation in Ohio. This 
Senator of the State stood at the head of the Committee on the Conduct of the 
War throughout its duration. 

United States Senator John Sherman was a leading member of the Finance 
Committee, during the war. For some time he was its Chairman. 

Jay Cooke was the financial agent of the Government, furnishing money for 
the payment of the troops. He was born in Portland, Huron Co., Ohio. 

In our brief review of the war record of Ohio, we have omitted a vast 
amount of detail information that would prove interesting to our readers. We 
believe we have been accurate in whatever we have given, taking as our authority, 
that accepted "encyclopedia" of Ohio war facts — Whitelaw Reid, who has pub- 
lished a valuable volume on the subject. 

SOME DISCUSSED SUBJECTS. 

It may be well in glancing over the achievements of Ohio, her momentous 
labors and grand successes, to refer to the Ordinance of 1787, more minutely 
than Ave have done, in relation to many events, since its inherent principles are 
not only perpetuated in the laws of the entire Northwest, but have since been 
woven into the general Constitution of the U^nited States. It made permanent 
the standard and character of immigration, social culture and political and edu- 
cational institutions. It was thoroughly antislavery and denounced involuntary 
servitude, which was sanctioned in every other State at that time, with the 
exception of Massachusetts. It protected religion and property. As late as 
1802, Gen. William Henry Harrison, Governor of Indiana, called a convention 
for the purpose of considering the slavery question, and the feasibility of intro- 
ducing the system in the new States and Territories being formed. There 
was at this time a spirited contest, and Illinois, Indiana and possibly Ohio, 
barely escaped a decision that a full support should be given its introduction 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 197 

into these States. Its adoption was based upon certain specifications and 
limits of time, which upon a deeper consideration wis deemed perplexing and 
impractical. 

An animated discussion arose not long since, regarding the correct author- 
ship of this important ordinance, and its chief worker in gaining its sanction 
by Congress. 

Mr. Webster ascribed its authorship to Mathew Dane, of Massachusetts, 
which statement was immediately refuted by Mr. Benton, of Mississippi, who 
laid claim to it as the birthright of Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia. 

It has been almost impossible to obtain accurate reports of the actions of the 
old Continental Congress, from the fact that its meetings were held in secret, 
and any reports either narrated or shown in schedules or lists, were deemed a 
striking lack of trust on the part of the person who furnished the information. 
It was sufficient that its acts and conclusions be proclaimed without any prelude 
or reasoning process. Hence it has been difficult to obtain early Congressional 
documents. But it has been conclusively proven that the great motive power 
in gaining the approbation of the Ordinance of 1787, was neither Dane nor 
Jeffi^rson, but Dr. Cutler. 

He arrived at New York, July 5 of that year, after a journey from Ipswich, 
Mass., in his sulky. He obtained lodgings at the "Plow and Harrow," and 
saw that his good horse was properly cared for and fed at the same place. 
Congress was then in session, and he had come on a mission for the Ohio Com- 
pany, to negotiate their grant and its privileges in the new Territory of Ohio. 
He remained in New York three weeks, constantly engaged in the work vital to 
the interests of the future great State. But he secured the installment of the 
principles deemed the corner-stone of a future powerful State constitution. Mr. 
Poole, Librarian of the Chicago Public Library, searched assiduously for con- 
clusive proof of Dr. Cutler's right to this honor, and in the North American 
Review, Vol. 122, this is emphatically set forth with substantiating proof under 
his signature. 

Other facts have been discussed and proven at a very recent date, relative 
to the State of Ohio, which heretofore have been omitted, and nearly lost from 
the historic thread which unites the present with the past. 

The first settlement of the lands of the Northwest is necessarily surrounded 
with interest. But those were exciting, troublesome times, and a few links 
were passed over lightly. However, the years are not so far removed in the 
past but the line may be traced. 

Mr. Francis W. Miller, of Cincinnati, has supplied some missing chapters. 
The earliest documentary trace extant, regarding the southern settlement at 
Cincinnati, is an agreement of partnership between Denman, Filson and Pat- 
terson, in the fractional section of land to which the city of Cincinnati was 
originally Ijjnited. It bears the date August 25, 1788. This was entered on 
the records of Hamilton County, Ohio, October 6, 1803. 



198 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

A letter from Jonathan Dayton to the Hon. Judge Symmes, dated Septem- 
ber 26, 1789, says: "You have been selling your lands, I am told, for two 
shillings specie, the acre. The price at this moment is, and seems to be, and 
undoubtedly is, a good one ; but as much cannot be said of it when you find 
hereafter that in consequence of the rise of certificates, another acre, in another 
payment, may cost you in specie two shillings and sixpence." 

A letter from John C. Symmes to Capt. Dayton, dated April 30, 1790, 
says: "The land in the reserved township is held at much too' high a price. 
Not a foot of land beyond the five-acre lots will sell. Five shillings, specie, 
or two dollars in certificates, is the utmost they will bring, and they will rarely 
sell at that." 

This state of affairs was in a large degree brought about by the breaking-up 
of North Bend and a removal of the town to Fort Washington, or Cincinnati, 
later. A search through the old letters and other preserved documents prove 
that North Bend was at one time the beginning of the great city on the Ohio, 
rather than Cincinnati. Judge Symmes wrote, May 18, 1789 : " I have not as 
yet been able to make a decisive choice of a plat for the city, though I have 
found two pieces of ground, both eligible, but not upon the present plan of a 
regular square. It is a question of no little moment and difficulty to deter- 
mine which of these spots is preferable, in point of local situation. I know 
that at first thought men will decide in favor of that on the Ohio, from the 
supposition that the Ohio will command more trade and business than the 
Miami. * * * j^^^ jf j^ -were built on the Miami, the settlers 

throughout the purchase would find it very convenient." 

Another of the earliest selections of town sites was adjacent to the most 
southerly point of what is now Delhi Township. To this the name of South 
Bend was given. Judge Symmes reports November 4, 1790, of this place, 
over forty framed and hewed-log two-story houses, since the preceding spring. 
Ensign Luce is said to have taken his troops to North Bend, but decided to 
remove to Cincinnati, on account of the object of his affections having settled 
there — the wife of a settler. But this story is refuted by contradictory evi- 
dence from Judge Symmes' letters, which illustrate the fact that the post of 
North Bend was abandoned by Ensign Luce and his men in consequence of a 
panic, caused by Indian attacks. The removal of the troops caused a general 
decline of the town. Again, history and letters from the same eminent Judge, 
assert that Fort Washington was completed and garrisoned by Maj. Doughty 
before the close of that same year, and was begun by him during the summer, 
that Ensign Luce must have still been at his post at. the bend at that time. It 
has been, therefore, recently accepted that the traditional "black eyes" and 
the "Indian panic," had nothing to do with the founding of Cincinnati, and 
that the advantages of the position gained the victory. 

Cincinnati has advanced, not only in prosperity and culture, but in national 
signifi'^ance. Our readers must have observed, in perusing these pages, that 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 199 

from this city and the State which it represents, have emanated some of the 
superior intellects which have used their wise faculties and talents, tempered by 
a wise judgment, in behalf of the American Union. 

The originality of the Senecas and Wyandots have been debated at some 
length, while others have called the tribes the same, having two branches. We 
have searched the earlier records and have found an authenticated account of 
these two tribes. 

The Indian tribes of Ohio were originally bold, fierce and stalwart. The 
country watered by the Sandusky and its tributaries was frequented by the 
"Wyandot tribe, who came from the north side of the St. Lawrence River. The 
Senecas were blood relatives of this tribe. Both tribes were numbered by the 
thousands. A war originated between them, in this manner: A Wyandot 
chief desired to wed the object of his affections, who laughed him to scorn, 
because he had taken no scalps, and was no warrior " to speak of." To change 
her opinion, he led out a party, and falling upon a number of Senecas, slaugh- 
tered them mercilessly, that he might hasten to the side of his dusky belle, with 
his trophies. This act inaugurated hostilities, which extended through a century. 
The Wyandots began to fear extermination, and, gathering their entire effects 
the natives escaped to Green Bay, and settled in several villages. But the Sen- 
ecas made up a war party and followed them, killing many Wyandots and burn- 
ing some of their villages. They then returned to Canada. Soon thereafter, 
they secured fire-arms from the French. Again they followed the Wyandots, 
firing their guns into their huts, and frightening them severely. They did not 
succeed as well as they expected. But the third party nearly exterminated the 
villages, because the young warriors were nearly all gone to war with the Foxes. 
The few at home escaping, promised to return with the Senecas, but desired 
two days for preparation. The Wyandots sent word to the two villages left 
undisturbed, and held a consultation. They decided to go as near the Senecas 
as possible, unobserved, and discover their real motive. They found them feast- 
ing on two roasted Wyandots, shouting over their victory. They danced nearly 
all night, and then fell asleep. A little before daylight, the Wyandots fell on 
them, leaving not one to carry back the news. 

The Wyandots then procured guns, and began to grow formidable. They 
set out to return to their own country, and proceeded on their way as far as 
Detroit, where they met a party of Senecas, on the lake. A fierce conflict 
ensued, and the Wyandots beheld the Senecas fall, to the last man, suffering 
fearful carnage themselves. They soon settled in this part of the world, their 
principal village being on the Sandusky. Northwestern Ohio was particularly 
dangerous with new Indian tribes, and the Wyandots were cruelly aggressive. 
The death of their chief, and their total defeat by Harrison, destroyed their 
power forever. 

On tlie 29th of September, 1817, a treaty was held, at the foot of the rapids 
of the Miami of Lake Erie, between Lewis Cass and Duncan McArthur, 



200 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO 

Commissioners of the United States, and the sachems, chiefs and warriors of the 
Wyandot, Seneca, Delaware, Shawnee, Potawattomie, Ottawa and Chippewa 
nations. All their lands in Ohio ivere ceded to the United States forever. 

There was really not a Seneca in the Seneca nation. They were chiefly 
Cayugas, Mohawks, Onondagas, Tuscarawas, Wyandots and Oneidas. But the 
Mingoes were originally Cayugas, and their chief was the celebrated Logan. 
After the murder of his family by the whites, the Mingoes were scattered over 
the territory northwest of the Ohio. 

The notorious Simon Girty was adopted by the Senecas. Girty's name Avas 
a terror and fiendish horror for many years. He not only led the Indians in 
their atrocities, but he added barbarism to their native wickedness. 

CONCLUSION. 

When peace was proclaimed, after the surrender of Gen. Robert E. Lee to 
Gen. U. S. Grant, the volunteer troops disbanded, and a return to home indus- 
ti'ies instituted, Ohio, like many other States, gave direct attention to the inter- 
ests of returned soldiers. The thrift of the State was augmented by a spasmodic, 
and thereafter recognized as a fictitious, demand for products, commercial and 
industrial pursuits redoubled their forces. But the great wave of stagnation 
swept over this fair land — the re-action of a war excitement. Laborers were 
many, but Avages were inadequate. Deeper and deeper settled this lethargy — 
called by many " hard times" — until the wheels of commercial life revolved 
slowly, and from the workshops and the factories went up the echoes of priva- 
tion and distress. There Avas no famine, no fever, no epidemic, it was simply 
exhaustion. In the larger cities there was much suffering. Idle people loitered 
about, barely seeking employment, the task seeming worse than hopeless. 

During the years 1870, 1871 and 1872, the stringent measures brought 
about by the depressed state of business retarded any material advancement in 
general matters. The years 1873-74 were marked by a preceptible improve- 
ment, and a few factories were established, while larger numbers Avere employed 
in those already founded. The year 1875 Avas under the direction of a Demo- 
cratic Legislature. It Avas marked in many respects by a " reverse motion " in 
many laAvs and regulations. 

The Legislature Avhich conA^ened in 1876, January 3, was Republican in the 
main. It repealed the " Geghan LaAv " passed by the preceding body. At 
the time of its adoption, there was the most intense feeling throughout the State, 
the charge being made that it was in the interests of the Catholics. Among 
the general enactments were laws re-organizing the government of the State insti- 
tutions, Avhich the previous Legislature had ordered according to their own belief 
to follow new doctrines. The office of Comptroller of the Treasury was abolished. 
The powers of municipal corporations to IcA^y taxes was limited, and their 
authority to incur debts Avas limited. Furthermore, this body proliibitcd any 
municipal appropriations, unless the actual money was in the Treasury to meet 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 201 

the same in full. A law was passed for the protection of children under fourteen 

years of age, exhibited in public shows. 

The temperance cause received more vigorous and solid support than was 

ever rendered by the State previously. A common-sense, highly moral and 

exalted platform was formed and supported by many leading men. 

This year witnessed the serious "strikes" among the miners in Stark and 

Wayne Counties. The consequences were painful — distress, riots and distruc- 

tion of property. 

The State Mine Inspector reported 300 coal mines in the State, with only 

twenty-five in operation. Not over 3,000,000 tons of coal were raised during 

the year, owing to the dullness of the times. 

The State charities reported the aggregate number under public care to be 
29,508. The taxation for the maintenance of these classes was one and one 
six-hundredth of a mill on each dollar of taxable property. 

The reports given of the year 1877 indicated a revival of business interests 
and prosperity. The State produced of wheat, 27,306,566 bushels ; rye, 
914,106 bushels; buckwheat, 225,822 bushels; oats, 29,325,611; barley, 
1,629,817 bushels ; corn, 101,884,305 bushels ; timothy, tons of hay, 2,160,334 ; 
clover, tons of hay, 286,265; flax, pounds of fiber, 7,343,294; potatoes, 
10,504,278 bushels; sweet potatoes, 126,354| bushels; tobacco, 24,214,950 
pounds; sorghum, sugar, 7,507|^ pounds; syrup, 1,180,255 gallons; maple 
sugar, 1,625,215 pounds; maple syrup, 324,036 gallons; honey, 1,534,902 
pounds. 

The year 1878 was marked by a more vigorous and combined effort of the 
people to entirely overcome the stagnation of business, the influence of the 
lethargy yet combating the awakened interest. This energy was amply rewarded 
in 1879, by a general dawning of the "good times " so ardently desired. New 
enterprises were instituted, manufactories erected, improvements carried on, and 
agriculture was successful. Before the year closed, the State was basking in 
the light of prosperity, and the year 1880 was ushered in when the confidence 
of the people was again a permanent incentive — confidence in the nation, 
their State, each in the other and themselves. The old-time crown of power, 
influence and integrity, which Ohio has earned, is conspicuous in this year of 
1881. The jewels have been reset, and we confidently doubt not that their 
luster will remain undimmed intrusted to so faithful and so earnest a people. 






202 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 



^ 



POPULATION OF OHIO BY COUNTIES. 





COUNTIES 






18-20 


1 1830 


1840 


1850 


1860 


1870 


1880 




The State 


581434 


1 937903 


1519467 


19803-29 


'2539511 


2665-260 






Adams 




1 


10106 


12-281 
578 


13183 
9079 


1S8S3 
12109 
•23813 
28767 
18^215 
11338 
34600 
27332 
30789 
17685 
19782 
'22178 
30155 
18838 
33621 
25674 
18177 
48099 
20-270 
0906 
21817 
185G8 
30264 
127-26 
42909 
7781 
17063 
17827 
21946 
30438 
150844 
10751 
8251 
20157 

:j434 

25781 
14119 
'20452 
26203 
12719 
•29133 
•28872 
14054 
15246 
38846 
19162 
20086 
1'2303 
10015 
'23735 
12018 
'24441 
17971 
7712 
24999 
'28:«1 
38218 
'28585 
'20'280 
45049 


20309 
19185 
'22951 
31814 
21364 
17187 
36393 
29958 
35840 
15738 
22698 
'253(H) 
33034 
21401 
32830 
25032 
2388 1 
78033 
'26009 
11886 
•2390-2 
24474 
30538 
15935 
50361 
14043 
•2-2043 
15SI7 
261U7 
'24474 
21641U 
22886 
13570 
19110 
8901 
27773 
17057 
•20589 
'26616 
17941 
20115 
27735 
15576 
23249 
37011 
20996 
29744 
25831 
ia)I5 
25894 
15490 
2-2517 
26534 
14104 
29959 
25741 
52-230 
'22119 
20445 
44416 
20751 
7016 
4945 
19678 
23409 
13043 
24-208 
218-20 
1-2808 
31158 
35071 
214-29 
24297 
30868 
17493 
42978 
27344 
30056 
3-2463 
10507 
10238 
13631 
'26902 
302(i8 
3-2483 
10633 
17880 
15-190 


'20750 
'23023 
21933 
32517 
23768 
'20011 
39714 
30802 
39912 
14491 
24188 
32070 
34268 
'21914 
38-299 
■23600 
25556 
13-2010 
3-2278 
15719 
25175 
■281 8S 
31138 
17170 
63,;i9 
17789 
25545 
14190 
28038 
23838 
260370 
23847 
18714 
18682 
14028 
29133 
179-25 
18177 
28532 
'21759 
29188 
203:?3 
15935 
31380 
35756 
23028 
30308 
46722 
15033 
3ia)l 
10184 
20092 
81465 
17-254 
3-2740 
25;79 
04ai6 
20363 
18583 
44886 
19949 
13304 
8544 
18453 
24875 
15147 
24584 
21809 
17081 
32515 
37097 
'25503 
29302 
30827 
20748 
52508 
34674 
3S659 
33810 
18730 
158-23 
15027 
26089 
40009 
35116 
20991 
'24596 
18553 


24004 





Allen 


31823 


3 






/ 




7382 
6338 


14584 
9787 


•23724 
19109 


87139 


5 




28413 
25443 
49688 
32726 
42580 


6 




7 
8 


Belmont 


•203-29 
13356 
21746 


28827 
17867 
-27142 


30901 
2-2715 
•28173 
18108 
167-21 
10882 
'23100 
15719 
40378 
21590 
13152 
20506 
13-282 


glButler 


10 


Carroll 


16410 

27817 
41947 


11 




8+79 

9533 
15820 

8085 
2-2033 

7086 


1-2131 
13114 
20466 
11436 
35-92 
11101 

4791 
10373 

6-204 


P 


Clark 


13 
14 


Clermont 


36713 


15 




382W 


10 






17 






18 




63-28 
3717 


190943 


14 




20 






21 




7639 


11504 


22000 
12599 
319-24 
10984 
'25049 


27380 


?o 


Erie 


82640 
342R'^ 


23 


Fairfield 


16633 
6316 

10292 


'24786 
8182 
14741 


?4 




20304 


2.5 






26 


Fulton 


21062 
28124 


27 


Gallia 


7098 
7791 

105-29 
9292 

31764 


9733 

15813 
14801 
18036 
52317 
813 
210 
20916 
202 
16345 
4tKI8 
9135 
13341 
5941 
22489 
17085 


13444 

16297 
175-28 
27748 
60145 

9986 

4598 
2(W99 

•2503 
2-2-269 

9 (■•41 
18088 
23933 

9744 
25030 
29579 
13719 

9738 
35096 
14015 
1S407 

9382 

90-25 


'}» 




14255 


29 
30 


Greene 


31319 


31 


Hamilton 


313308 
27788 
27028 
20455 


3-' 




33 


Hardin 




U 


Harrison 


14345 


35 


Henry 


20587 


36 


Highland — 


1'2308 
2130 


30280 


37 




21120 


38 




20775 


39 


Huron 


6675 
3746 
18531 
83-26 


81009 


40 




2S670 


41 
42 


Jefferson 

Knox 


83018 
'27450 


43 




16320 


44 




3499 

11861 
3181 


5367 
20869 
6440 
5696 


89068 


45 


Licking 


40451 


46 




202P8 


47 




85525 


48 






07388 


49 


Madison 


4799 


6190 


20 29 


50 




4-">807 


51 


Marion 




6551 
7500 
6158 
1110 
1-2S07 
8768 
24362 
11800 


14765 
18352 
11452 
8-277 
19688 
ia521 
31938 
20852 


20504 


52 




3082 
4480 


21454 


53 


Meigs 


32325 


54 




21808 


55 




8851 
4015 
15999 
5297 


30178 


56 




20197 


57 

58 


Montgomery 


78545 
20074 


59 




19073 


60 


Muskingum 


178-24 


29334 


38749 


49780 


61 


Noble 


21137 


02 








2248 
1034 
19344 
197-25 
7020 
'22905 
19482 
5189 
44532 
27400 
10182 
11192 
181-28 
1'2154 
»4603 
2-2560 
38107 
25631 
84-22 
1577 


3308 
1706 
20775 
21006 
10953 
'24419 
21736 
7-221 
30879 
3-2074 
14305 
18428 
27104 
13958 
39818 
'27485 
30490 
31761 
1-2-204 
4793 
9353 
25560 
29540 
32981 
8018 
9157 
11194 


19703 


63 


Paulding 




161 
13970 

KWOl 
00-24 
18826 
16291 
■230 
24006 
240(58 
2851 
8740 
5159 
3671 
26588 


13490 


64 




84-29 
13149 

4-253 
H1095 
10-237 


28218 


65 

06 


Pickaway 


27353 
17927 


67 


Portage 


27500 


08 




24534 


69 


Putnam 


'23718 


70 
71 


Richland 


9169 

-20619 

852 

5750 


30306 
40R(V^ 


7-? 




3-2003 


73 


Scioto 


33511 


74 




30955 




Shelby 


2106 
1-2406 


24136 


76 


stark 


64027 


77 


Summit 


43788 


78 




15546 
8328 
1996 


26153 

1429'^ 

3192 

49 


44882 


79 


Tuscarawas 


40197 


80 




22374 


81 


Van Wert 


23a30 


8? 






17226 


83 


■Warren 


17837 
UM25 
11933 


21468 
11731 
23333 
387 
1102 


'23141 
20823 
35808 
4465 
5357 


28392 


84 




43244 


85 


Wayno 


37452 


80 




'238-21 


87 


■Wood 


733 


84090 


88 




2-2401 



MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 



203 



POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES. 



States and 
Tkebitokiks. 



Alabama 

ArkaDsas 

California 

Colorado 

Connecticut 

Delaware 

Florida 

Georgia 

Illinois 

Indiana 

Iowa 

Kansas 

Kentucky 

Louisiana 

M»ine 

Maryland 

Massachusetts . . 

Michigan 

Minnesota 

Mississippi 

Missouri 

Nebraska 

Nevada 

New Hampshire 

New Jersey 

New York 

North Carolina.. 

Ohio 

Oregon 



Area in 
square 
Miles. 



50,722 
52,1'J8 
1S8,9S1 
104,500 
4,674 
2,120 
59,'268 
58,U00 
55,410 
33,809 
55,(M5 
81,318 
37,600 
41,346 
31,776 
11,184 
7,800 
56,451 
83,531 
47,156 
65,350 
75,995 
112,090 
9,280 
8,330 
47.0110 
50,704 
39.964 
95,244 



Population. 

1870 1880 



996,992 

484,471 

560,24? 

39,864 

537, 

1-25,015 

187,748 

1,184.109 

2,539,891 

1,680,037 

1,191,792 

364,399 

1,321,011 

726,915 

626,915 

780,894 

1,457,361 

1,184,059 

439,706 

827,922 

1,721,295 

r2;i,993 

42,491 

318,301 

906,096 

4,382,7,59 

1,071,361 

2,665,260 

90,923 



1,262,794 

80-2,564 

864,686 

194,649 

622,683 

146,654 

267, 

1,539,048 

.S,078,769 

1,978,362 

1,6-24,6-iO 

995,966 

1,648,708 

940,103 

648,945 

934,G3: 

1,783,012 

1,636.,-531 

780,80(i 

1,131.592 

2,168,804 

452,133 

6>,->65 

346 984 

1,130,983 

5,083,810 

1,400,04' 

3,198,'239 

174,767 



Miles 
R.R. 

1872 



1,671 

25 

1,013 

392 

820 

227 

466 

2,108 

5,904 

3,529 

3,160 

1,760 

1,123 

539 

871 

8-20 

1,606 

2,-2; 

1,612 

9 

2,580 

828 

593 

790 

1,265 

4,470 

1,190 

3,740 

179 



States and 
Territories. 



Area 'u 
square 
Miles. 



46.000 
1,306 
29,385 
45.600 
237,504 
10,212 
40,904 
23,000 
53,924 



2,054,671 



113,916 
147,490 
60 
90,932 
143,776 
121.201 
80,056 
69,944 
93,107 



860,482 



Population. 



8,521,791 
217,353 
705,606 

1,258,520 
818,579 
330,551 

1,225,163 
442,014 

1,054,670 



4,282,786 
276,52" 
995,622 

1,542,463 

1,592,574 
332,286 

1,512,806 
618,443 

1,315,480 



38,154,127 



9,658 
14,181 
131,700 
14,999 
20,595' 
91,8741 
86,786 
23,955 

9,118 



402,866 



49,369,595 



40,441 
135,180 
177,638 
3-2,611 
39,157 
118,430 
143,906 
75,120 
20,788 



783,271 



5,113 
136 

1,201 

1,520 
865 
675 

1,490 
485 

1.7-25 



59.716 



States. 

Pennsylvania 

Rhode Island 

.South Carolina 

Tennessee 

Texas 

Vermont 

Virginia 

West Virginia 

Wisconsin 

Total States 

TetTitories. 

Arizona 

Dakota 

Dist. of Columbia. 

Idaho 

Montana 

New Mexico 

Utah 

Washington 

Wyoming 

Total Territoriejt 

Aggregate of U.S.. '2.915,203 33,55,5,983 60,852 

•Included in the Railroad Mileage of Maryland. 



Miles 
R.R. 

18i2 



375 

498 



PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD; 

J^OPULATION AND ArEA. 



Countries. 



Population. 



China 

British Empire 

Russia 

United States with Alaska 

France 

Austria and Hungary 

.Tapaii 

Great Britain and Ireland. . . 

German Empire 

Italy 

Spam 

Brazil 

Turkey 

Mexico .. 

Sweden and Norway 

Persia 

Belgium 

Bavaria 

Portugal 

Holland 

J^ e w Grenada 

Chili 

Switzerland 

Peru 

Bolivia 

Argentine Republic 

Wurteniburg 

Denmark 

Venezuela 

Baden 

Greece 

Guatemala 

Ecuador 

Paraguay 

Hesse 

Liberia 

San Salvador 

Haytl 

Nicaragua 

Uruguay 

Hoiid n ras 

San Domingo 

Costa Rica 

Hawaii 



446, 

226; 

81, 

38. 

36, 

35, 

34, 

31, 

29, 

27, 

16. 

10. 

16, 

9, 

5, 

5, 

5, 

4, 

3, 

3, 

3, 

2, 

2, 

2, 

2, 

1 

1 

1 

I 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 



500.000 
817,108 
925,400 
925,600 
469,800 
904,400 
785,300 
817,100 
906,092 
439,921 
642,000 
000.0110 
463,000 
173,000 
921.500 
000,000 
021,300 
861,400 
995,200 
688,300 
000.000 
000,000 
669,100 
500,000 
000,000 
812,000 
,818,500 
784.700 
500.000 
461,400 
,457.900 
,180,000 
300,000 
,000,000 
823,138 
718.000 
600,000 
572,000 
350.000 
300,000 
3.50,000 
136,000 
165.000 
62.950 



Date of 
Census. 



1871 
1871 
1871 
1870 
1866 
1869 
1871 
1871 
1871 
1871 
1867 



1869 
1870 
1870 
1869 
1871 
1868 
1870 
1870 
1869 
1870 
1871 

'1869 
1871 
1870 

'isVi 

1870 
1871 

'isfi 
'isVi 

1871 

"1871 

1871 
1871 



Area in 
Square 
Miles. 



3.741.846 

4,677,432 

8.003,778 

-2,603,884 

204,091 

240.348 

149,399 

121,315 

160,207 

118,847 

195.775 

3,253,029 

672,621 

761,526 

292,871 

635,964 

11,373 

29,292 

34,494 

12,680 

357.157 

132.616 

15.992 

471.838 

497.321 

871,848 

7,533 

14,753 

368,238 

5,912 

19,353 

40,879 

218,928 

63,787 

2,969 

9,576 

7.335 

10,205 

58,171 

66,722 

47,092 

17,827 

21.505 

7.633 



Inhabitants 

to Square 

Mile. 



119.3 

48.6 

10.2 

7.78 

178.7 

149.4 

232.8 

262.3 

187. 

230.9 

85. 

3.07 
24.4 



20. 
7.8 
441.5 
165.9 
115.8 
290.9 
8.4 
15.1 
166.9 
5.3 
4. 
2.1 
241.4 
120.9 
4.2 
247. 
75.3 
28.9 
,5.9 
15.6 
277. 
74.9 
81.8 
56. 
6. 
6.5 
7.4 
7.6 
7.7 



Pekin 

London 

.St. Petersburg.. 

Washington 

Paris 

Vienna 

Yeddo 

London 

Berlin 

Rome 

Madrid 

Rio .Janeiro 

Constantinople , 

Mexico , 

Stockholm 

Teheran 

Brussels 

Munich 

Lisbon 

Hague 

Bogota 

•Santiago 

Berne 

Lima 

Chuquisaca 

Buenos Ayres.. 

Stuttgart 

t;opeuhagen 

Caraccas 

Carlsruhe 

Athens 

Guatemala 

Quito 

Asuncion 

Darmstadt 

Monrovia 

Sal Salvador . . . 
Port an Prince 

Managua 

Monte Video... 

c;oiiiayagua 

San Domingo... 

San .lose 

Honolulu 



Population, 



1,648.800 

3,251.800 

667.000 

109,199 

1,825.300 

833.900 

1,5-54.900 

3,251.800 

825,400 

244.464 

332,000 

420,000 

1,075,000 

210.300 

136.900 

120,000 

314,100 

169,500 

224,063 

90,100 

45,000 

115,400 

36,000 

160,100 

25.000 

177.800 

91,600 

162,042 

47,000 

36,600 

43,400 

40,000 

70,000 

48,000 

30,000 

3,000 

15,000 

20,000 

10,000 

44.500 

12,000 

20,000 

2.000 

7.63.3 



200 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 



COMMENTS UPON THE ORDINANCE OF 1787, FROM THE STATUTES 
OF OHIO, EDITED BY SALMON P. CHASE, AND PUB- 
LISHED IN THE YEAR 1833. 

[It would be difficult to find a more comprehensive review of the founda- 
tions of our system of laws than is given in the " Preliminary Sketch of the 
History of Ohio," by this distinguished representative of the bench and the 
bar of America. The work is now out of print, and is not easily obtained; 
besides, its great author has passed away; so these extracts are made more 
with a view of preserving old historical literature, than of introducing new; 
furthermore, the masses of the people have never had convenient access to the 
volumes, which, for the most part, have been in the hands of professional men 
only. The publication of the work first brought its compiler before the public, 
and marked the beginning of that career which, during its course, shaped the 
financial system of our country, and ended upon the Supreme Bench of the 
nation.] 

By the ordinance of 1785, Congress had executed in part the great national 
trust confided to it, by providing for the disposal of the public lands for the 
common good, and by prescribing the manner and terms of sale. By that of 
1787, provision was made for successive forms of Territorial government, 
adapted to successive steps of advancement in the settlement of the Western 
country. It comprehended an intelligible system of law on the descent and 
conveyance of real property, and the transfer of personal goods. It also con- 
tained five articles of compact between the original States, and the people and 
States of the Territory, establishing certain great fundamental principles of 
governmental duty and private right, as the basis of all future constitutions and 
legislation, unalterable and indestructible, except by that final and common 
ruin, which, as it has overtaken all former systems of human polity, may yet 
overwhelm our American union. Never, probably, in the history of the world, 
did a measure of legislation so accurately fulfill, and yet so mightily exceed 
the anticipations of the legislators. The ordinance has been well described, as 
having been a pillar of cloud by day and of fire by night, in the settlement and 
government of the Northwestern States. When the settlers went into the 
wilderness, they found the law already there. It was impressed upon the soil 
itself, while it yet bore up nothing but the forest. The purchaser of land 
became, by that act, a party to the compact, and bound by its perpetual cove- 
nants, so far as its conditions did not conflict with the terms of the cessions of 

the States. 

********* 

This remarkable instrument was the last gift of the Congress of the old 
confederation to the country, and it was a fit consummation of their glorious 




JC 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 207 

labors. At the time of its promulgation, the Federal Constitution was under 
discussion in the convention ; and in a few months, upon the organization of 
the new national government, that Congress was dissolved, never again to re-as- 
semble. Some, and indeed most of the principles established by the articles of 
compact are to be found in the plan of 1784, and in the various English and 
American bills of rights. Others, however, and these not the least important, 
are original. Of this number are the clauses in relation to contracts, to slavery 
and to Indians. On the whole, these articles contain what they profess to con- 
tain, the true theory of American liberty. The great principles promulgated 
by it are wholly and purely American. They are indeed the genuine princi- 
ples of freedom, unadulterated by that compromise with circumstances, the 
effects of which are visible in the constitution and history of the Union. 
********* 
The first form of civil government, provided by the ordinance, was now 
formally established within the Territory. Under this form, the people had no 
concern in the business of government. The Governor and Judges derived 
their appointments at first from Congress, and after the adoption of the Fed- 
eral Constitution, from the President. The commission of the former officer 
was for the term of three years, unless sooner revoked ; those of the latter 
were during good behavior. It was required that the Governor should reside 
within the Territory, and possess a freehold estate there, in one thousand acres 
of land. He had authority to appoint all officers of militia, below the rank of 
Generals, and all magistrates and civil officers, except the Judges and the 
Secretary of the Territory ; to establish convenient divisions of the whole dis- 
trict for the execution of progress, to lay out those parts to which the Indian 
titles might be extinguished into counties and townships. The Judges, or any 
two of them, constituted a court with common law jurisdiction. It was neces- 
sary that each Judge should possess a freehold estate in the territory of five 
hundred acres. The whole legislative power which, however, extended only to 
the adoption of such laws of the original States as might be suited to the cir- 
cumstances of the country, was vested in the Governor and Judges. The laws 
adopted were to continue in force, unless disapproved by Congress, until re- 
pealed by the Legislature, which was afterward to be organized. It was the 
duty of the Secretary to preserve all acts and laws, public records and executive 
proceedings, and to transmit authentic copies to the Secretary of Congress 
every six months. 

Such was the first government devised for the Northwestern Territory. It 
is obvious that its character, as beneficent or oppressive, depended entirely upon 
the temper and disposition of those who administrated it. All power, legisla- 
tive, judicial and executive, was concentrated in the Governor and Judges, and 
in its exercise they were responsible only to the distant Federal head. The 
expenses of the Government were defrayed in part by the United States, but 
were principally drawn from the' pockets of the people in the shape of fees. 



208 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

This temporary system, however unfriendly as it seems to liberty, was, 
perhaps, so established upon sufficient reasons. The Federal Constitution had 
not then been adopted, and there were strong apprehensions that the people of 
the Territory might not be disposed to organize States and apply for admission 
into the Union. It was, therefore, a matter of policy so to frame the Territorial 
system as to create some strong motives to draw them into the Union, as States, 
in due time. 

The first acts of Territorial legislation were passed at Marietta, then the 
only American settlement northwest of the Ohio. The Governor and Judges 
did not strictly confine themselves within the limits of their legislative author- 
ity, as prescribed by the ordinance. When they could not find laws of the 
original States suited to the condition of the country, they supplied the want 
by enactments of their own. The earliest laws, from 1788 to 1795, were all 
thus enacted. The laws of 1788 provided for the organization of the militia; 
for the establishment of inferior courts; for the punishment of crimes, and for 
the limitations of actions; prescribed the duties of ministerial oflScers; regu- 
lated marriages, and appointed oaths of office. That the Governor and Judges 
in the enactment of these laws, exceeded their authority, without the slightest 
disposition to abuse it, may be inferred from the fact that except two, which 
had been previously repealed, they were all confirmed by the first Territorial 
Legislature. ' 



At this period there was no seat of government, properly called. The 
Governor resided at Cincinnati, but laws were passed whenever they seemed to 
be needed, and promulgated at any place where the Territorial legislators hap- 
pened to be assembled. Before the year of 1795, no laws were, strictly speak- 
ing, adopted. Most of them were framed by the Governor and Judges to 
answer particular public ends ; while in the enactmant of others, including all 
the laws of 1792, the Secretary of the Territory discharged, under the author- 
ity of an act of Congress, the functions of the Governor. The earliest laws, 
as has been already stated, were published at Marietta. Of the remainder, a 
few were published at Vincennes, and the rest at Cincinnati. 

In the year 1789, the first Congress passed an act recognizing the binding 
force of the ordinance of 1787, and adapting its provisions to the Federal Con- 
stitution. This act provided that the communications directed in the ordinance 
to be made to Congress or its officers, by the Governor, should thenceforth be 
made to the President, and that the authority to appoint with the consent of 
the Senate, and commission oflScers, before that time appointed and commis- 
sioned by Congress, should likewise be vested in that officer. It also gave the 
Territorial Secretary the power already mentioned, of acting in certain cases, 
in the place of the Governor. In 1792, Congress passed another act giving to 
the Governor and Judges authority to repeal, at their discretion, the laws by 



HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 209 

them made; and enabling a single Judge of the general court, in the absence 
of his brethren, to hold the terms. 

At this time the Judges appointed by the national Executive constituted the 
Supreme Court of the Territory. They were commissioned during good 
behavior; and their judicial jurisdiction extended over the whole region north- 
west of the Ohio. The court, thus constituted, was fixed at no certain place, 
and its process, civil and criminal, was returnable wheresoever it might be in 
the Territory. Inferior to this court were the County Courts of Common Pleas, 
and the General Quarter Sessions of the Peace. The former consisted of any 
number of Judges, not less than three nor more than seven, and had a general 
common-law jurisdiction, concurrent, in the respective counties, with that of 
the Supreme Court; the latter consisted of a number of Justices for each 
county, to be determined by the Governor, who were required to hold three 
terms in every year, and had a limited criminal jurisdiction. Single Judges of 
the Common Pleas, and single Justices of the Quarter Sessions, were also 
clothed with certain civil and criminal powers to be exercised out of court. 
Besides these courts, each county had a Judge of Probate, clothed with the 
ordinary jurisdiction of a Probate Court. 

Such was the original constitution of courts and distribution of judicial 
power in the Northwestern Territory. The expenses of the system were de- 
frayed in part by the National Government, and in part by assessments upon 
the counties, but principally by fees, which were payable to every officer con- 
cerned in the administration of justice, from the Judges of the General Court 
downward. 

In 1795, the Governor and Judges undertook to revise the Territorial laws, 
and to establish a complete system of statutory jurisprudence, by adoptions 
from the laws of the original States, in strict conformity to the provisions of 
the ordinance. For this purpose they assembled at Cincinnati, in June, and 
continued in session until the latter part of August. The judiciary system un- 
derwent some changes. The General Court was fixed at Cincinnati and Marietta, 
and a Circuit Court was established with power to try, in the several counties, 
issues in fact depending before the superior tribunal, where alone causes could 
be finally decided. Orphans' Courts, too, were established, with jurisdiction 
analogous to but more extensive than that of a Judge of Probate. Laws were 
also adopted to regulate judgments and executions, for limitation. of actions, 
for the distribution of intestate estates, and for many other general purposes. 
Finally, as if with a view to create some great reservoir, from which, whatever 
principles and powers had been omitted in the particular acts, might be drawn 
according to the exigency of circumstances, the Governor and Judges adopted 
a law, providing that the common law of England and all general statutes in 
aid of the common law, prior to the fourth year of James I, should be in full 
force within the Territory. The law thus adopted was an act of the Virginia 
Legislature, passed before the Declaration of Independence, when Virginia was 



210 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF OHIO. 

yet a British colony, and at the time of its adoption had been repealed so far 
as it related to the Englis'h statutes. 

The other laws of 1795 were principally derived from the statute book of 
Pennsylvania. The system thus adopted, was not without many imperfections 
and blemishes, but it may be doubted whether any colony, at so early a period 
after its first establishment, ever had one so good. 

And how gratifying is the retrospect, how cheering the prospect which even 
this sketch, brief and partial as it is, presents! On a surface, covered less 
than half a century ago by the trees of the primeval forest, a State has grown 
up from colonial infancy to freedom, independence and strength. But thirty 
years have elapsed since that State, with hardly sixty thousand inhabitants, was 
admitted into the American Union. Of the twenty-four States which form 
that Union, she is now the fourth in respect to population. In other respects, 
her rank is even higher. Already her resources have been adequate, not only 
to the expense of government and instruction, but to the construction of long 
lines of canals. Her enterprise has realized the startling prediction of the 
poet, who, in 1787, when Ohio was yet a wilderness, foretold the future con- 
nection of the Hudson with the Ohio. 

And these results are attributable mainly to her institutions. The spirit of 
the ordinance of 1787 prevades them all. Who can estimate the benefits 
which have flowed from the interdiction by that instrument of slavery and of 
legislative interference with private contracts ? One consequence is, that the 
soil of Ohio bears up none but freemen ; another, that a stern and honorable 
regard to private rights and public morals characterizes her legislation. There 
is hardly a page in the statute book of which her sons need be ashamed. The 
great doctrine of equal rights is everywhere recognized in her constitution and 
her laws. Almost every father of a family in this State has a freehold interest 
in the soil, but this interest is not necessary to entitle him to a voice in the 
concerns of government. Every man may vote; every man is eligible to any 
office. And this unlimited extension of the elective franchise, so far from pro- 
ducing any evil, has ever constituted a safe and sufficient check upon injurious 
legislation. Other causes of her prosperity may be found in her fertile soil, in 
her felicitous position, and especially in her connection Avith the union of the 
States. All these springs of growth and advancement are permanent, and 
upon a most gratifying prospect of the future. They promise an advance in 
population, wealth, intelligence and moral worth as permanent as the existence 
of the State itself. They promise to the future citizens of Ohio the blessings 
of good government, wise legislation and universal instruction. More than all, 
they arc pledges that in all future, as in all past circumstances, Ohio will cleave 
fiist to the national constitution and the national Union, and that her growing 
energies will on no occasion, be more willingly or powerfully put forth, than in 
the support and maintenance of both in unimpaired vigor and strength. 




o^^ 



cmw\ 




PART III. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY 






HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY, 



CHAPTER I. 



PHYSICAL FEATURES. 

GEOGRAPHY TOPOGRAPHY — GEOLOGY SOILS, ETC. 

UNION COUNTY occupies a nearly central position in the State of Ohio, 
and is bounded north by Hardin and Marion Counties, east by Marion 
and Delaware, south by Franklin and Madison, and west by Champaign and 
Logan. Its area by towships is as follows: 

TOWNSHIPS NO. OF ACRES. 

Allen 19,037 

Claibourne 19.560 

Richwood School District 1,571 

Darby 19,416 

Dover 14,203 

Jackson 17,776 

Jerome 23,718 

Leesburg 18,677 

Liberty 23,022 

Mill Creek 13,807 

Paris 19,649 

Marysville School District 1,973 

Taylor 16,463 

Union 22,095 

Washington 17,819 

York..: 23,523 

Total 271,309 

This area lacks but fifty-one acres of being 424 square miles; the figures 
are from the abstract of the'tax duplicate for 18S2, in the office of the Coimty 
Auditor. 

There are at this time (November, 1882), twenty-one post offices in the 
county, as follows: Boke's Creek (at the village of Summersville), Broadway, 
Byhalia, Claibourne, Irwin, Jerome (at the village of Frankfort), Magnetic 
Springs, Marysville, Milford Center, l^ew California, New Dover, Peoria, 
Pharisburg, Pottersburg, Raymond's (at the village of Newton), Richwood, 
Rush Creek (at the village of Essex), Unionville Center, Watkins, "Woodland, 
York. 

The county contains four incorporated villages: Mary^ille, in Paris 
Township; Richwood, in Claibourne Township: Milford Cemer, in Union 
Township, and Unionville Center in Darby Township. A movement has been 
made looking to the incorporation of Magnetic Springs, in Leesburg Town- 
ship, but as yet without result. The other villages of the county are: Wood- 
land and Essex, in Jackson Township; Byhalia, in Washington; Claibourne, 
in Claibourne; Summersville and York Center, in York; Newton and Peoria, 
in Liberty; Broadway, in Taylor; Pharisburg, in Leesburg; New Dover, in 
Dover; Pottersburg, in Allen; Irwin, in Union; Frankfort, New California, 
and a portion of Plain City, in Jerome. Allen Center, in Allen, and Bridge- 
port and Chuckery, in Darby, are points which have " a local habitation and 



216 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

a name," without having special importance otherwise. Marysville, the 
county seat, has the largest population, and Rich wood is next in point of 
numbers. Milford Center, Unionville Center and Magnetic Springs follow in 
about the order named, although the latter has pei^haps the largest population 
of the three during the summer season, when the place is thronged with in- 
valids, located temporarily for the purpose of treatment with the waters uf the 
numerous medical springs which have been tapped and made to yield abund- 
antly of their life-giving qualities. 

The entire area of the county of Union is drained into the Scioto River, 
the principal channels through which this is effected being Rush, Fulton, Boke's, 
Blue's, Mill, Big Darby and Little Darby Creeks, with such lesser tribu- 
taries as Rocky Fork of Rush Creek, "Big Swale," Patton Run, Powder Lick 
Run, Brush Run, Ottawa Creek, Big Run, Peacock Run, Flat Branch Ditch, 
Otter Run, Bear Swamp Run, Buck Run, Opossum Run, Cross' Run, Phelps' 
Run, Grassy Run, Dunn's Run, Spring Run, Prairie Run, Watson Run, Kay 
Run, Proctor Run, Treacle Creek, Cow Run, Robinson's Run, Sager Run, 
Sugar Run, Indian Run, and many not dignified with names. The origin of 
a few of these names is known, as for instance. Rush Creek, being a sluggish 
stream, is probably named from the rushes which grow along its banks; Blue's 
Creek, so called for an unfortunate individual named Blue, who was one of an 
early surveying party, and received a ducking in its waters; Mill Creek was 
named probably from the fact of its furnishing power for very early mills in 
Delaware County; Darby Creek is said to have been named after an Indian 
chief who once lived in this region. The other streams, or most of them, 
have names plainly showing their origin, generally from local circumstances. 
The general course of nearly all these streams is southeast. In former years, 
they furnished fair mill power, but it has since been found necessary to intro- 
duce steam in most instances for manufacturing or mill purposes. 

The greater part of Union County is either level or gently undulat- 
ing. The rougher portions are on the upper waters of Mill Creek and in Je- 
rome Township. There is little in the county to which the term "hill" can 
properly be applied, although the divide between Mill and Blue's Creeks would 
in some regions be termed a hill, and the broken lands along Big Darby ap- 
proach nearly to that dignity. The streams have cut below the natural level, 
Big Darby Creek having the deepest channel. South of this stream are the 
well-known " Darby Plains," whose fertile soil has yielded golden returns for 
the labors of the husbandman through many years. In Liberty, Paris and 
Allen Townships, including the locality known as the " Bear Swamp," is a 
district formerly known as the " Flat Woods," from being very level and 
covered with a dense growth of timber. The latter has been largely cleared 
away, and a thorough system o". drainage has reclaimed most of the land, in- 
cluding even the " Bear Swamp," in which it is now stated corn is grown 
where once was a wooded morass and a shallow lake. In Claibourne Town- 
ship, north of^ Richwood, is a very level tract known as the "Big Swale," 
which is difficult to drain, such drainage as here is being into Rush Creek. 

GEOLOGY. 

This portion of the chapter will be principally from an account pre- 
pared a few years since by N. H. Winchell, on the State geological survey, 
with additional items concerning the waters which have recently been dis- 
covered on Boke's Creek, at what is now the village of Magnetic Springs. 
Prof. Winchell's report is as follows: 

^'' Natural Drainage. — The surface drainage all passes into the Scioto 
Valley, by streams which flow with gentle current in a southeasterly direc- 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 217 

tioD. They rise in the Logan County Corniferous area, a region of very 
rough or hilly surface, rising several hundi-ed feet above the surrounding 
waterlime flats, and toward the southeast enter upon another area of Cornifer- 
ous, which, although presenting different surface features, yet is not so broken 
as the Logan County area. There is a remarkable uniformity in direction and 
alternation in these streams. The principal valleys have a slope to the east or 
southeast, toward the Scioto, the valle}' of which is excavated over an hun- 
dred feet in the bed rock, in Delaware County. To one who has closely ob- 
served the systems of drainage in the various counties, and has aimed to 
ascertain from the effects seen the causes that located streams in various parts of 
Northwestern Ohio, this alone suggests a halting retreat of a glacier across thd 
county, throwing down greater accumulations of drift where it remained 
stationary for a length of time. Such would be the divides between the 
streams, the valleys being in those belts where the drift was left thinner. 
But, with a single exception, nothing of this is indicated by the surface features 
so far as the time devoted to the survey would disclose. The whole county 
was carefully examined. In counties further northwest, where such moraines 
are seen to guide the drainage diagonally across the general slope of the sur- 
face, the tributary streams all join the main streams from the same direction, 
but in Union County streams enter the main valleys from opposite sides. The 
surface between the streams is flat, and thei'e is no evidence of a thickening 
of the drift, except between Big Darby and Mill Creeks. 

''''Surface Features. — Between Big Darby and Mill Creeks there is a very 
noticeable thickening of drift. It rises into long ridges and high knolls, 
which consist of hardpan or glacier drifts. Northern bowlders and stones 
are on the surface and in the soil indiscriminately, though the same is true to 
some extent throughout the county. This ridge of drift is greatly developed 
at New California, where wells are sunk to tUe depth of fifty-four feet without 
meeting anything but blue clay, the water obtained being bitter. West and 
south of Marysville, two or three miles, the surface is high and rolling, with 
clay hills. Toward the north and east it is flat, with gravel near the surface 
in some places. Between Milford Center and Unionville, clay knobs and 
rolling land can be seen north of Darby Creek, while toward the south and in 
Union Township, the Darby Plains extend several miles. Wells at Potters- 
burg penetrate the drift over sixty feet without meeting the I'ock, but obtain 
good water at that depth. About Newton there is a very rolling and bluffy 
tract of land, some of the wells obtaining bitter water in blue clay at fifty- 
two feet. This rolling strip of clay knobs dies out toward the south and 
west, and toward the nortn and east. Throughout the rest of the county the 
surface is very nearly flat, wells being usually less than twenty-five feet. 
This belt of clay knobs crosses the entire county, although it seems to turn a 
little toward the north in Jerome Township. The following elevations above 
Lake Erie are taken fi-om profiles of railroads that cross the county: 

Richwood 369 feet. 

Broadway 422 feet. 

Marysville 425 feet. 

The following points of elevation were obtained by aneroid barometer, 
connecting with railroad stations : 

Marysville (with Belief ontaiue) 325 feet. 

New California 375 feet. 

Hill east of New California 395 feet. 

Plain City 225 feet. 

Hills west of Marysville 355 feet. 

Peoria 410 feet. 

Newton 460 feet. 

Pharisburg 304 feet. 



218 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Essex 359 feet. 

Northeast corner Washinsj-ton Township 389 feet. 

York Center '. 399 feet. 

Survey No. 5,270, Allen Township 485 feet. 

Allen Center 435 feet. 

Milford Center. . .- 315 feet. 

^^ Soil and Timber. — The soil is one derived entirely from the drift, and 
may be denominated in genei^al a gravelly clay. It exhibits the well-known 
characteristics of fertility and endurance that mark all the drift soils of North- 
western Ohio. It shows a very fair sprinkling of stones and bowlders, but in 
some places is very fine and heavy. It is only along the immediate river 
banks, on the bottom lands, that the sandy element prevails, and it is then 
confined to the alluvium." 

Among the species of timber noted by Mr. Winchell, are sugar and soft 
maple, beech, several varieties of elm, ash and -oak, linn- or basswood, dogwood, 
shagbark and pig hickory, sycamore or " buttonwood, " buckeye, prickly ash, 
blue beech, honey locust, hackberry, thorn, black willow, black walnut, black 
cherry, wild apple, ironwood, cottonwood, papaw, trembling aspen ani Judas 
tree; several others are found in different varieties of willow, the butternut, 
etc. He proceeds with the geological structure as follows: 

" The rocks of the county embrace the following limestones, including 
also the Oriskany sandstone: 

Hamilton or Upper Cornifcrous. . i 

Lower Corniferous ,- Devonian. 

Oriskany ) 

Waterlime Upper Silurian. 

" By the Hamilton is here meant the blue limestone which is quax'ried at 
Delaware, and which is regarded by Dr. Newberry as partly Hamilton and 
partly Corniferous. It has been mentioned frequently by the writer in report- 
ing on counties in Northwestern Ohio, under the designation of Upper Cor- 
niferous, in order to keep its district from the underlying limestone, which is 
plainly Corniferous. The Lower Corniferous is well represented in the quar- 
ries in Mill Creek Township. The Oriskany has not been seen within the 
county, but is probably conglomeratic, since it has that character in Delaware 
County. These limestones, with the Oriskany, make up the Devonian, so far 
as represented within the county. The rock which immediately underlies the 
Oriskany belongs to the Upper Silurian. It is the waterlime member of the 
Lower Helderberg. The Devonian is found only in the southeastern part of 
the county, although there are some evidences, in the form of large fragments, 
that it extends as far west as Marysville. It underlies the most of Mill 
Creek and Jerome Townships. The rest of the county is occupied by the 
waterlime. 

"7'/ie Hamilton, or Upper Corniferous. — This limestone occupies but a 
small area in the southeastern part of the county. It is hard and blue, and 
identical with the blue stone quarried at Delaware. Any favorable outcrop in 
that section should be thoroughly opened for building stone. This part of 
the county, though, is mainly covered with a heavy forest, and the strike of 
the formation is not known. Hensell & Fox, near Frankfort, have the only 
quarry in the county ip this stone. 

" The Lower Corniferous. — -The Delhi stone of the Lower Corniferous is 
quarried at a number of places in Mill Creek Township. The quarry of 
Thompson & Brown, six miles southeast of Dover, exposes about four feet of 
fossiliferous, sometimes crinoidal limestone, in beds of two to four inches. 
It is princijDally burned for quicklime, but is also sold for cheap foundation 
stone. The lime which it makes is like that already described made from the 
same beds at Delhi, in Delaware County. The fossils seen here are Crytoceras 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 219 

undulatum, a handsome little Strophomena, a large cyathophylloid coral, the 
pygidium of a trilobite, and various remains of fishes. There are also com- 
mon a large Strophomena and a small Cyathophylloid. The quarry of John 
Pierso], about three miles east of "NVatkinsville; that of William Hays, a mile 
northwest frooi Piersol's; those of John S. Smart, near Piersol's, and that of 
Daniel Long, in the northeast corner of the angle of the county, are all in the 
Corniferous, and near the horizon of Thompson & Brown's. 

" Oriskany Conglomerate. — The only proof that this, usually a sandy 
limestone or a clean quartz grit, has the character of a conglomerate in Union 
County, consists in the appearance of that character near the county line, in 
Mill C3reek. It there contains water-worn pebbles of the underlying water- 
lime, which are sometimes two or three inches in diameter. The whole thick- 
ness is not more than two feet. 

" Wells and Springs. — The following observations on the common wells 
of the county are of interest. They give some idea of the accessibility of 
water for domestic purposes, and of the composition of the drift, as well as of 
its thickness at various places: [Here follows a description of thirty-nine 
wells in various parts of the county, varying in depth from eleven to sixty - 
three feet. The shallower wells are sunk in gravel and afford good water, as 
a rule, while the deeper ones do not always do so, it having in several in- 
stances a sulphurous, irony or bitter taste. The deep wells were sunk through 
the gravel and penetrated at various depths into yellow, blue and brown clay, 
nowhere striking the rock. The shallowest and the deepest wells are both in 
Allen Township, according to Prof. Winchell's table, and are but two or 
three miles apart.] 

"T/ie Waterlime. — This limestone is so named from its known hydraulic 
qualities, in other States as well as in some places in Ohio. It appears in out- 
crop in widely separated parts of the county, and probably is the surface bed- 
rock throughout the most of the county. The quarry of William Ramsey, in 
the bed of Mill Creek, in Mill Creek Township, although not now in opera- 
tion, is sufficiently developed to show the waterlime characters. Aaron Sew- 
ell bm'Ds a little lime here. The foundation for the old court house at Marys- 
ville was taken out here. The stone is in beds of about four inches, but is 
wavy. Some of it is brecciated. The creek has excavated about ten feet in 
this limestone along here, the overlying Corniferous receding from the stream 
on both sides. This narrow belt of waterlime extends northward and makes, 
probably, an isolated outlier of Corniferous which occupies part of Dover 
Township and crosses the Scioto, in Delaware County, from near Millville, 
southwesterly. The waterlime also is exposed on Ingham Wood's land, one 
mile northwest of Pharisburg, in Boggs [Poke's] Creek; also on John Gran- 
dy's, near Wood's, as well as on the next farm above Peter Jolliff's. It occurs 
again on John Gray's and Alfred Davis' land, half a mile north of Byhalia, in 
the bed of Little Bush Creek. At York Center, it appears on Aaron Shirk's 
and Hiram Watt's land, on the north side of Boke's Creek. On the south 
side of the creek it , also affords good exposures on the land of Montreville 
Henry, John Timous, John Shirk and Finley Davis, where it has been burned 
some for lime for Mr. Shirk; but it is not now wrought. It is mainly a sur- 
face exposure in the beds and low banks of the creek. At Unionville, the 
waterlime appears in Big Darby Creek. It was recently opened for lime by 
V. J. Sager and J. C. Robinson. The beds are from four to eight inches 
thick, and fine grained. This is said to be underlaid by a blue clay which is 
four feet thick. It also occurs two miles above Unionville, on James Martin's 
land; and a mile further down on land of Elijah Mitchell. It was formerly 
wroucjht a little on the land of Mr. Sagrer, three-fourths of a mile below the 



•2-20 HISTORY OF I'NION COUNTY. 

village, where the bods were from four to eight iuches. It is also seen on H. 
Pennington's land, just below Mr. Sager's. 

"77u' Drift. — This deposit in I"'nion County shows evidence of more re- 
cent date than it does generally in Delaware County. It appears very similar 
to the drift in the northwest corner of Delaware County. This evidence is of 
two kinds: (1st), that which pertains to the rock; (2d,) that which pertains 
to the drift itself. (1) The streams of the county have not excavated channels 
in the rock, and but very rarely expose it in their beds. This is not strictly true 
in the southeastern part, in the area of the Corniferous, where there is some 
erosion in the rock, like that seen throughout the most of Delaware County. 
This indicates that in the southeastern corner the erosion by streams has been 
longest continued, although that part of the county has at the same time less 
elevation above Lake Erie — in other words, that the overspread of drift in the 
southeastern part of the county was earlier than in the rest of the county. The 
rock, where exposed in the southeastern part of the county, has the same long- 
weathered appearance, even when freshly uncovered by the removal of the 
drift, that is observable in Delaware County. The marks of glacial action 
are dim. The natural jointing and planes of separation are loosely tilled in 
with the effects of oxidation and decomposition to a greater depth than in the 
rest of the county. (2.) If we revert to the appearance of the drift itself, 
the most striking contrast is presented in the general smoothness of the sur- 
face throughout the county, compared to the surface of Delaware County. 
This is partly due to the effect of less erosion on the drift by the streams, 
and partly to the evenness of the rock surface. With a single exception, the 
drift seems to have been very uniformly and gently deposited in Union 
County. The uniform direction of and the regular intervals between the 
main streams may all have been at first determined by slight differences in 
the thickness of the drift deposited, but such difierences are now so obscured 
that they cannot be detected by the eye. except iu the interval between the 
Big Darby and Mill Creeks. Besides this general tiatnt^ss of surface, the 
yellowish color, caiised by the foi-mation and inliltration of hydrated oxides 
from above, does not extend so far downward in Union Couniy as in Dela- 
ware. In the latter county, the light-colored clay extends downward to the 
depth of fifteen or twenty feet, and sometimes as much as twenty-five feet. 
In the former, the blue clay is usually met within ten feet. It sometimes 
rises within eight feet of the surface, and occasionally the yellowish color ex- 
tends to twelve or fifteen feet. The depth of such siipt^'ficial coloring seems 
to vary not only with the length of time the drift may have been expoirod to 
the air and surface water, but also with the ease with which these agents find 
access below. A sandy or gravelly knoll is generally weathered deeper than 
one of clay, and a rolling surface is apt to be more deeply oxidated than a fiat 
one. The drift ridge which separates Big Darby and Mill Creeks has already 
been alluded to under the head 'surface features.' Its exact form, limits 
and location, even within the county, have not been made out. " The time 
given to the county would not allow a careful survey of this ridge in detail. 
It is well known to the inhabitants of the county. It forms a belt of high 
and rolling clay land which shows bowlders and gravel somewhat more abund- 
antly than the surface of the rest of the county. It is believed to be of the 
nature of a glacial moraine, and was probably thrown down by the ice at a 
period when the retreating ice- foot was nearly stationary for a long time at 
about that place. It is very similar to those other very extended drift mo- 
raines that cross Northwestern Ohio, but is somewhat more clayey than they. 
Its connection with them is not known, but it was doubtless cotemporaueous 
in origin with one of them. The elevated region in Logan County, where 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. / 221 

there is an island of Devonian rock which withstood the ice period, was a dis- 
turl>ing element in the otherwise very regular contour of the foot of the 
glacier. Union County seems to have been in the pathway of a spur or branch 
of the ice sheet, and to have suffered very extensive erosion thereby. After 
the actual withdrawal of the ice from the county, the drainage of a large tract 
of ice-covered surface would have passed principally through the same path- 
way. This pathway is bounded on either side by a persistent barrier of Cor- 
nif(U'ous limestone. It is probaVjle, also, that the Waverly overlaid this 
area, at least in the Logan County island, since fragments of the Berea grit 
are found in the di'ift in the southwestern part of Union County. The effect 
of this drainage over the county is probably seen in the near approach to the 
surface of heavy gravel beds in the drift over wide tracts, although the level 
of the county in the same tracts is now that of the general country, and is 
perfectly flat. This may be seen in the frequent gravel pits about Richwood 
and Essex, where the surface is outwardly comparable to that of the Black 
Swamp of Northwestern Ohio, but is so closely underlaid with gravel that al- 
most every cellar encounters it within three or four feet. This gravel belt 
runs southward toward PharisDurg, and is also penetrated on the farm of Mr. 
Josiah Westlake. a mile and a half north of Marysville, who avers that small 
shiner fish appear late in the summer, or in the fall of • nearly every year, in a 
shallow well curbed by a 'gum,' which is inserted in an excavation penetrat 
ing to the gravel, or to the water of a subterranean lake. This circumstance 
would not be mentioned had it not been frequently reported by others in 
reference to certain wells in Defiance and Fulton Counties. The facts are 
given with great circumstantiality and positiveness, and cannot safely be denied. 
''Material Resources. — The most of the county is poorly supplied with 
building stone. This necessary article is imported from Logan County, 
wh(>re the Onondaga quarries at Middieburg afford a good stone; from the 
quarries in the Hamilton, at Marion, in Marion County, and from the same 
at Delaware. The quarries in the limestone of the Devonian, in the south- 
eastern part of the county, would probably be better patronized if better 
roads intersected that section, and if the quarries themselves were energetic- 
ally developed. Not much lime is made in the county; the drift clays, how- 
ever, are freely used in the manufacture of red brick and tile. There is a 
great deal of standing timber yet in Union County, The natural features and 
the geological structure of the county will forever preclude the development 
of any other element of material wealth that will rank with that of agri- 
culture." 

MAGNETIC SPKINGS. . 

A more complete account of these springs and the village which has 
grown up around them in two years' time, will be found in the history of 
Leesburg Township, in which they are located. There is no doubt of the won- 
derful ejfficacy of the waters in certain diseases. The appended analyses of 
the waters of two of the springs will give an idea of their medicinal virtues ; 

SULPHUR SPRING. 

Chloride of sodium 1.084 grains. 

Sulphate of potassa 0.215 grains. 

Sulphate of soda 0.293 grains. 

Sulphate of limo 4.191 grains. 

Bi-carbonate of lime 20.419 grains. 

Bi-carbonate of magnesia 20.170 grains. 

Bi-carbonate of iron 0.815 grains. 

Phosphate of soda Traces. 

Silica 0.157 grains. 

Organic matter 0.343 grains. 

Total to one gallon 53.087 grains. 



222 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

MAGNETIC SPRING. 

Cliloride of sodium 0.789 grains. 

Sulphate of potassa 0.228 grains. 

Sulphate of sodium 0.416 grains. 

Sulphate of lime 8.271 grains. 

Sulphate of magnesia 2.304 grains. 

Bi-carbonate of lime 19.201 grains. 

Bi-carbonate of magnesia 17.014 grains. 

Bi-carbonate of iron 0.153 grains. 

Alumina 0.115 grains. 

Silica 0.242 grains. 

Organic matter 0.569 grains. 

Total to one gallon 44.897 grains. 

These analyses are copied from the published report given after they had 
been made by Prof. E. S. Wayne, of Cincinnati, in February, 1882. There 
are several other springs at the place, the waters being similar to these, and 
a new well is now being sunk which, when the writei* visited the place in the 
fore part of November, 1882, had reached a depth of 513 feet, and was being 
then drilled thi'ough a hard liinty rock, having passed through numerous 
strata of blue clay. It is the only deep boring in the county. 



CHAPTER II. 



THE WESTERN BORDER. 
Indian Occur ant.s— Border Warfare— Treaties— Fact.s and Incidents. 

Shrill through the forest aisles the savage war-cry rung; 

Swift to the work of strife the border huntsmen sprung; 

Red ran the blood of foemen on countless fields of woe, 

From Allegheny's shimmering stream to Maumee broad and slow. 

On swift Miami's green-clad shores and by Sandusky's side, 

And where Scioto's hill-crowned flood greets grand Ohio's tide; 

From proud Muskingum's winding way to Cuyahoga's strand; 

From Tuscarawas' border to bright Olentangy's land — 

The armies of the past arise and file in grand review, 

Wearing the mien of patriots, bold, steadfast, brave and true; 

And, echoing down the fleeting years since savage strife was done, 

The ringing story of their deeds goes ever speeding on. 

All honor to their raemorjM Brave hearts and true were they 

Who fought for home and country in savage border fray. 

The battle smoke is lifted from otf the forest trees. 

And Freedom's starry ensign floats ever on the breeze. 

THE above lines are an inspiration from the eventful days of long ago. 
From his boyhood the writer has been fascinated by the tales of 
olden times, and his pulses have ever quickened when reading of the struggles 
of the hardy men of the border, both as soldiers and pioneers. What desper- 
ate adventures were theirs ! "What blood- cm'dling scenes the solemn forests and 
beauteous plains of the Buckeye State witnessed in the years when the crowned 
monarchs of Europe fought for supremacy in the Western land; and again, 
what tales of distress and woe are told of the days when the Republic was young 
— yet how Herculean in its infancy! The dim and somber wilderness echoed 
to the shrill yell of the Indian warrior, scarcely less savage than the wild 
beast that with him tenanted the magnificent Western domain. The rifle shot, 
the stroke of knife or hatchet, the groans of the stricken victims, the sorrow 
of bereaved families whose stays were cut down in all the pride and strength of 
manhood, the wail of despairing captives, the glare of burning homes — all 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 223 

tlie horrid realities of a merciless savage warfare were known to the daring in- 
habitants of the Western border. History has recorded much that occurred in 
those dark and dubious days, but thousands of events that then transpired 
were known only to the actors and may never be spread before those of this 
and succeeding generations who shall peruse the pages of the past. Peace and 
plenty crowned the efforts of the early heroes, and their descendants enjoy the 
bounty provided for them after long and often doubtful strife, scarcely dream- 
ing of the secrets hidden behind the misty veil of years. 

Sufficient for the scope of this work, it will be unnecessary to go farther 
back in the history of this region than the period of the war between France 
and England, from 1755 to 1760, when the immediate territory in which Un- 
ion County is inchided was peopled principally by the Indian tribes known as 
the Wyandots, Miamin, Delawares and Shawanese, the third named being the 
most powerful. About 1764, a French trader who had resided manV years 
among the Indians, and who remained at Detroit after it passed into the hands 
of the British, drew up a statement showing the various North American tribes* 
and their lighting strength, which was as follows: 

Tribes. No. of Warriors. 

Conawaghrunas, near the falls of St. Louis 200 

Abenaquis, "1 f 3o0 

SaSS; St. Lawrence Indians ]™ 

Chalas, J L130 



Sgonquins [ ^'^"^'^^^ toward the heads of the Ottawa River j ^{JJ 

Le Tetes de Boule, or Round Heads, near the above 2,500 

Six Nations, on the frontiers of New York, etc 1,550 

Wyandots, near Lake Erie 300 

Ott'iwas^' i ^^^^' ^^^^^ Sujierior and Michigan j 'qaa 

Messesagues, or River Indians, being wandering tribes on Lakes Huron 

and Superior 2,000 

Powtewatamis, near St. Joseph's and Detroit 350 

Les Puans, 



f- near Puans Bay j o-q 



Folle avoine, or "Wild Oat Indians 

Mechecouakis, ) ( 250 



Sakis, y south of Puans Bay < 400 

Mascoutens, ) ( 500 

Ouisconsins, on a river of that name falling into the Mississippi on tlie 

east side 550 

Christinaux, ) -, , , ^i i i * ti i 3,000 

Assinaboes, or Assinnipouals, f^^^" ^^°^^'^' ^^^^" ^^^ ^'''^^^^''^ ^^^ '^^^^ ^^™^'' ( lisOO 

Blancs Barbus,f or "White Indians with Beards 1,500 

Sioux, of the naeadows, ) . ^ .^i ^ i t ^i^ hit- • ■ ■ i 2,500 

Sioux, of the woods, \ to^^''^^ ^^"^ ^^^'^^'^ «* t^« Mississippi ] j ;gyy 

Missouri, on the river of that name 3,000 

Grandes Eaux 1,000 

Osages, "1 f 600 

Canses, \ \ 1,600 

Pauis blancs, }^ south of Missouri -j 2.000 

Panis piques, | 1,700 

Padoucas, J [ 500 

Ajoues, north of the same 1,100 

Arkanses, on the river that bears their name, falling into the Mississippi 

on the west side 2,000 

Alibamous, a tribe of the Creeks 600 

Ouanakina, "] TSOO 

Chiakanessou, I , i ^i ^i ^t .^ m .f ^i 350 

Machecous ' ^^^"^"ow^- unless the author means they are tribes of the) gQQ 

Caouitas, ' f ^^^'^^ks ] 700 

Souikilas, J (.200 

Miamis, upon the river of that name, falling into Lake Erie 350 

Delawares (les Loups), on the Ohio 600 

* The orthography of tribal names in this account does not often agree with that of a later date, as will be seen. 
t First talten by the French for Spaniards. They lived in the Northwest. 



224 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Tribes. No. of Warriors. 

Shawanese, on Scioto 500 

Kickapoos, ) ( 300 

Ouacbanons, von tbe Wabash < 400 

Peanquicbas, ) ( 250 

• Kaskasquias, or Illinois iu Jioneral, on tbe Illinois River 600 

Piauria T 800 

Catawbas, on the frontier? of North Carolina 150 

Cherokees, behind South Carolina 2,500 

Chickasaws, ) ( 750 

Natchez, - Mobile and Mississippi - 150 

Choctaws, ) ( 4,500 

Total 56, 500 

Maj. Robert Rogers, a distinguished provincial officer in the French and En- 
glish war, ending in 1760, published in London, in 1705, "A Concise Account 
of Ndi'th America," and in the chapter describing the course of the St. Lawrence 
River, includes the following sketch of Sandusky Bay and vicinity, written 
from notes made in 1760, when he led a detachment of troops to receive a sur- 
render of Detroit, pursuant to a treaty then recently concluded; the extract is 
from page 169 of his work: 

"At the southwest corner of Lake Erie, the Lake Sandtisky communicates 
with it by a straite of half a mile wide. The Lake Sandusky is thirty miles in 
length, and eight or ten miles wide. Into the southwest coi'ner of this lake 
the River Sandusky, or Huron, flows. Upon the banks of this river, and round 
the Lake Sandusky, the Huron Indians are settled in several different towns 
in a very pleasant, fertile country. This nation of the Indians can raise from 
about 6 to 700 fighting men. They differ something in their manners from 
the Suties, any yet mentioned. They btiild regular framed houses, and cover 
them with bark. They are esteemed the richest Indians upon the whole conti- 
nent, having not only horses in great abundance, but some black cattle and 
swine. They raise great quantities of corn, not only for their own use, sup- 
ply several other tribes, who piu'chase this article from them. The country of 
the Hurons extends 150 miles westwardly of the lake, and is 100 miles wide. 
The soil is not exceeded by any in this part of the world; the timber tall and 
fair; the I'ivers and lakes abound with a variety of fish, and here is the great 
est plenty of water-fowl of anywhere in the country. The woods abound with 
wild game. In a woi'd, if peopled, and improved to advantage, would equal 
any of the British colonies on the sea-coast." 

The name, Huron, as here appplied by Maj. Rogers, is that given by the 
French to the tribe known otherwise as Wyandots. From the estimate of Maj. 
Rogers, made in 1760, and that of the French trader, made in 1764, as 
herein previously given, regarding the strength of this nation, it seems that 
the war they had just passed through at the latter date had reduced their num- 
bers very materially. The Wyandots had a tradition that their country was 
formerly in what is now tbe Dominion of Canada, on the north side of the 
River St. Lawrence, and that the Senecas, their blood relations, occupied the 
territory opposite tbem, on the south side of the same river. A war begun be- 
tween them over a trivial matter and was continued for many years, or itntil 
long after the settlement of Detroit. The remnant of the Wyandots moved 
west and located in the vicinity of Green Bay, afterward settling along the 
Detroit River and the northwestern shore of Lake Erie, and conquering a last- 
ing peace with their long-time enemies and cousins, the Senecas, in a bloody 
battle on the lake, wherein every warrior m the party of Senecas was slain and 
the Wyandots terribly reduced. 

Details of the bloody French and English war will not here be 
entered into. It resulted in the English obtaining possession of a 




, * -«*igBf --tt; 




t^z^ 




^ 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 227 

large portion of the territory lying northwest from the Ohio River, 
previously held by the French by right of discovery. The Indian occupants 
had not been consulted regarding the future ownership of the region; it was 
entirely a war between foreign powers, m which the English were aided by the 
American colonists and the French by Indian allies. The might of the Brit- 
ish nation having been demonstrated, the Indians, probably more through 
fear than desire, became the allies of the latter, and thus continued through 
many years, the war between the United States and England in 1812-15 fi- 
nally establishing a foothold for a pei-manent government on the soil which 
had long been disputed over by rival European powers, and which the heroes 
of the Revolution finally won as a trophy of war. 

With the close of the French and English war came indifference and neg- 
lect on the part of the British GovRrnment toward the Indians, and the "out- 
rages of fur traders, brutality of English soldiery, intrusion of provincial set- 
tlers upon lands of border tribes, fabrications and wiles of French trading 
companies — all conspired to arouse their war spirit."* Pontiac, the great 
war chief of Jthe Ottawas, and a masterly organizer and schemer, roused the 
various tribes to action, and inaugurated a terrible and bloody war. So well 
were his plans laid that every English post west of the Alleghanies except 
Ligonier and Fort Pitt (Pittsburgh), in Pennsylvania, and Detroit, in Michi- 
gan, fell a prey to his prowess, and over the entire Western frontier swarmed 
a horde of yelling, painted, bloodthirsty, merciless foes. The red men had, 
however, reckoned too much on their own strength, and were, notwithstanding 
their terrific onslaught, soon conquered by the English and their colonies, who 
dictated terms of peace in 176-1 which were not long afterward completed. 
Mr. Butterfield, before quoted, writes of this period in the following strain: 

"At the close of Pontiac's war, there was not to be found any settlement 
in the upper Ohio country. Up and down the Monongahela and its branches 
every white settler had been expelled. From the head springs of the Alle- 
gheny to its union with its sister stream, there were no habitations other than 
the savages. At the junction of these rivers, where the city of Pittsburgh now 
sits enveloped in the smoke of it's thoiisand industries, there was very little 
to indicate the presence of civilization save Fort Pitt. Outside that post there 
was not an inhabited hut of even a trader. Down the Ohio on the left was an 
uninhabited region; so, also, on the right — np the Beaver, the Muskingu.m, 
the Scioto, and down the parent stream to its mouth. Settlements upon the 
waters of the Monongahela by adventurous Virginians, begun before the com- 
mencement of the contest between England and France for the Ohio country, 
had but an ephemeral existence. Houses and corn-fields of English traders, 
which then do*"ted the margin of the Ohio and its tributaries in a few places, 
were destroyed by the French in this war for supremacy; and though others 
afterward appeared, nearly all vanished before the devastating hand of the 
foe in 1763. Pittsburgh, dating its origin from English occupation of the 
head of the Ohio in 1758, attained, by the s^^ring of 1761, to the dignity of a 
population numbering 332, occupying 101 houses. Doubtless, both had 
considerably increased by May, 1763, when most of its log cabins were leveled 
to the ground and the occupants of all driven into the fort for protection 
against the wild warriors of Pontiac's confederation." 

On the 5th and 6th of August, 1763, a merited punishment was adminis- 
tered to the hostile tribes of Indians who, under the lead of Pontiac, sought 
to destroy all the English posts on the border, by Col. Henry Bouquet, at the 
battle of Bushy Run, in what is now Westmoreland County, Penn. He was 
at the time marching to the relief of Fort Pitt, which was threatened by the 

* C. W. Butterfield, ia Washington — Irvine Correspondence, page 2. 



228 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

savages. Such a signal victory did be win, and so tlioroughly were the In- 
dians impressed with his power as a great warrior, that they "gave up their 
designs against Fort Pitt, " and "retreating beyond the Ohio, they deserted 
their former towns and abandoned all the country between Presque Isle and 
Sandusky, not thinking themselves safe until they arrived at Muskingam. "* 
They formed new settlements and remained quiet during the winter, but in 
the meantime supplied themselves with powder from the French traders, and 
in the spring of 1764 began again their murderous work on the frontier. Gen. 
Gage, the British Commander, resolved to attack them on two sides at once, 
and drive them back by carrying the war into their own country. He accord- 
ingly directed Col. Bradstreet to proceed with a body of txoops against the 
Wyandots; Ottawas anvi Chippewas living upon or near the lakes, while Col. 
Bouquet was ordered to attack the Delawares, Shawanese, Mingoes, Mohickons, 
and other nations between the lakes and the Ohio River. The two armies were to 
act in concert. As Bradstreet' s force could be sooner prepared for the expedition, 
he started first, and sent Col. Bouquet a dispatch dated August 14, 1764, from 
Pi'esque Isle, saying he had concluded a peace with the Delawares and Shaw- 
anese. Bouquet, however, perceived the insincerity of the savages, and went 
on with the preparations for his own expedition. The Indians endeavored to 
convince Bouquet of the sincerity of their intentions to cany out the 
terms of the treaty with Bradstreet, but he was not to be won from 
his purpose of settling the matter beyond dispute, and, on the 2d of 
October, 1764, he departed from Fort Pitt with a force of 1,500 men, the 
destination cf which body was the heart of the Indian region of Ohio. On 
the 17th of the same month, near the mouth of the Tuscarawas, and near the 
site of the Indian town of that name, a congress was held at which w^ere pres- 
ent representatives of the Senecas, Delawares and Shawanese, and preliminary 
terms of peace were agreed upon between them and Bouquet. The latter gave 
the savages twelve days in which to deliver into his hands at Wakatomake, 
below the forks of the Muskingum, all the prisoners in their hands, without 
exception. A small stockade fort had been built on the previous day, in which 
to deposit provisions for the use of the troops on their return. At the close of 
the speeches of the Delaware chiefs on the 17th, they delivex'ed eighteen white 
prisoners and eighty-three small sticks, signifying that they had that number 
of prisoners yet in their hands, whom they promised to bring in as soon as 
possible. The pi'omise on the part of the Shawanese was very sullen, and 
Bouquet detei'mined to march further into the country. The army was con- 
sequently moved to a camp near the forks of the Muskingum, where four re- 
doubts were built opposite the four angles of the camp, which was in the midst of 
the region occupied by the Shawanese towns. Other buildings were erected, 
and preparations completed for receiving the prisoners. Bradstreet, in the 
meanwhile, had proceeded up Lake Erie to Sandusky Bay, and up the San- 
dusky River as far as navigable with Indian canoes, but was enabled to elfect 
nothing, and returned, f On the 9th of November. 206 prisoners were deliv- 
ered to Col. Bouquet, but about 100 were still in the hands of the Shawanese, 
and their delivery was promised in the spring (1705). Finally, prelimiaary ar- 
ticles of peace were agreed upon with all the tribes, and hostages were re- 
quired, to be held until the terms had been finally concluded with Sir William 

* " Hiatoiical Account of Bouquet's Expedition against the Ohio Indians in 1764," by Dr. William Smith, 176G. 

t Bradstreet went with his army to Detroit, where he arrived on the 2Sth of August, to the great joy of the little 
garrison. On the 7th of September, a council was held in presence of the army, at which were present representa- 
tives of the Ottawas, Ojibwas. Pottiiwatoniies, Miamis, Sacs and Wyandots. The i>rincipal speaker was Wasson, the 
Ojibwa chief, who professed great regret for the war waged iigain-t the whites, and made a very humble and concil- 
iatory speech. The war in the West — or Northwest — was virtually ended by this council, and it duubtless had much 
influence over the tribes with whom Bouquet had to deal, and whom he succeeded in bringing to term"*; sm that, 
although Bradstreet had been easily dujied by the Indians, yet some good resulted from his expedition. His doings 
were not, however, fully sanctioned by the British military authorities, whi> administered a reprimand for his appar- 
ent lack of foresight, and for trying to check the operations of Col. Bouquet. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 229 

Johnson. Late in April, 17G5, the latter held a confei-ence witli the various 
nations of the West, at the German Flats, and settled a definite peace. On tho 
9th of May following, his deputy, George Croghan, received at Fort Pitt the 
remaining prisoners from the hands of the Shawanese. Croghan soon after 
(May 15, 7.765), started down the Ohio on a trip into the West, reaching the 
mouth of the Wabash on the Gth of June, and proceeded thence by w^ay of 
Vincennes, Fort Wayne, down the Maumee and up Lake Erie to Deti-oit. 
Leaving the latter post on the 26th of September in a birch canoe, he passed 
along the north shore of Lake Erie and reached Niagara on the Sth of October. 

About this time the following vrere the several Indian towns on the routes 
given, extending in various directions from Fort Pitt: 

First route, about N. N. W. — Kushkushkies Town, on Big Beaver Creek. 
45 miles from the fort; Shaningo, 15 miles further up the east branch 
of Beaver Creek; Pematuning, 12 miles farther up same stream; Mahonino-, 
on West Branch of Beaver Creek, lO-l miles from Fort Pitt; Salt Lick, iO 
miles farther; Ottawas Town, on the Cayahoga, 42 miles farther. 

Second route, W. N. W. — To mouth of Big Beaver Creek, 25 miles; to 
Tuscarawas, 116 miles; to Mohickon John's Town, 166 miles; to Junundat, or 
Wyandot Town, 2] 2 miles; to Sandusky, 216 miles; to Junqueindundeh, 240 
miles. The latter town was on the Sandusky River, a few miles above San- 
dusky Bay. 

Third route, about W. S. W. — To forks of Muskingum, 128 miles; to Bul- 
let's Town, 134 miles; to King Beaver's Town, on the heads of the Hockhock- 
ing, 171 miles; to the lower Shawanese Town en Scioto River, 211 miles; to 
the Salt Lick Town on the heads of the Scioto, 286 miles; to the Miamis fort, 
429 miles. 

Fourth route, down the Ohio, general coiirse about S. W. — To mouth of 
Big Beaver Creek, 27 miles; to mouth of Little Beaver Creek, 39 miles; 
to mouth of Yellow Creek, 49 miles; to the Two Creeks, 67 miles: to 
Wheeling, 73 miles; to Pipe Hill, 85 miles; to the long reach, 115 
miles; to the foot of the reach, 133 miles; to the mouth of the Muskingum 
River, 163 miles; to the Little Kanawha River, 175 miles; to the mouth 
of Hockhocking River, 188 miles; to th.^ mouth of Letort's Crcek, 228 
miles; to Kiskemiuetas, 261 miles; to the mouth of Big Kanawha, or New 
River, 269 miles; to the mouth of Big Sandy Creek, 309 miles; to the mouth 
of the Salt Lick River, 379 miles; to the Island, 399 miles; to the mouth of the 
"Little Mineamie, or Miammee" River, 454 miles; to Big Miammee, or Rocky 
River, 484 miles; to the Big Bones (so called from "elephants' bones" said 
to be found there), 504 miles; to Kentucky River, 559 miles; to the falls of the 
Ohio, 609 miles; to the Wabash, or " Ouabache" River, 740 miles; to Cherokee 
River, 800 miles; to the Mississippi River, 840 miles. 

A town known as Wapatomica, later tho principal village of the Shawa- 
nese, stood just below the present site of Zanesfield. Logan County, Ohio, 
and it was there the renowned Simon Kenton was doomed to be burned to the 
stake in September, 1778, but was rescued by his former friend, Simon Girty. 
From the peace of 1764 there was quiet for ten years, and settlements 
along the then western border grew and fairly prospered. Fur traders in the 
Indian country exerted more or less influence over the tribes with whom they 
dealt. Fincastle County, Va., was created in 1774, including, south and 
southwest of Augusta County, the lower portion of the Great Kanawha Valley, 
and extending westward so as to include all of the present State of Kentucky, 
but at no point crossing the Ohio. In 1773 and the spring of 1774, land 
claimants and surveyors had become so numerous along the Ohio, comino- from 
Pennsylvania and Virginia, that the Shawanese and Mingoes, never cordial 



230 HISTORY OK UNION COUNTY. 

observers of the peace of 1704, especially toward the Yirgiuiaus. precipitated 
hostilities upon the adventurers, and Lord Dunmore's war resulted. "Waka- 
tomica, au Indian town located upon the Muskingum, was destroyed by the 
Yirginiaus, with outlying villages. The battle of Point Pleasant, at the 
mouth of the Great Kanawha River, on the 10th of Octobei*, 1774, when vie 
tory over the savages was purchased at a price well nigh commensurate with 
defeat, compelled the Indians to sue for peace, negotiations for which, near 
their villages on the banks of the Scioto, were rendered famous by the eloquent 
speech of Logan, the Mingo chief."* Cornstalk, the wise and brave chief of 
the Shawanese, whose voice had been heard above the terrible din of the con - 
flict, urging his followers to "be strong! be strong!" became satisfied that it 
was useless to struggle longer, and in November, 1774, arranged with Gov. 
Dunmore the preliminaries of a treaty of peace. This was in what is now 
Pickaway County, Ohio. The commencement of the revolt of the colonies in 
the spring of 1775 prevented the consummation of a definite peace. 

AVith the Revolution, an era of di-eadful experience broke upon the scat- 
tered Western settlements, where aggressive warfare was carried on by the sav- 
age allies of the British, aided and abetted by the latter, and the most fiend- 
ish atrocities were perpetrated. Detroit was the depot of supplies and the 
principle point of power and influence for the British in the Northwest. It 
is a generally authenticated fact in history that Lieut. Gov. Sir Henry 
Hamilton, in command of the post at Detroit, offered a standing reward for 
the scalps of Americans, but gave none for prisoners. This led the Indians to 
cause their prisoners to carry their baggage into the neighborhood of the fort, 
and there they put them to death and presented the ghasty scalps to the Gov- 
ernor for their recompense. Frightful outrages were committed, and defense- 
less women and chilch'en shared alike the fate of death. From Leith's narra- 
tive, a very rare work, issued in pamphlet form, and only gathered entire by 
Mr. Butterfield after diligent search in three States, in each of which he found 
a part, that gentleman makes the following extract: 

" When we arrived there (on the bank of the Detroit River), we found Gov. 
Hamilton and several other British ofiicers, who were standing and sitting 
around. Immediately * * * the Indians produced a large quantity of 
scalps; the cannon fked; the Indians raised a shout, and the soldiers waved 
their hats, witli huzzas and tremendous shrieks, which lasted some time. This 
ceremony being ended, the Indians brought forward a parcel of American pris- 
oners, as a trophy of their victories, among whom were eighteen women and 
children — poor creatures, dreadfully mangled and emaciated, with their clothes 
tattered and torn to pieces in such a manner as not to hide their nakedness; 
their legs bare and streaming with blood, the effects of being torn with thorns, 
briers and brush. * * If I had had an opportunity I certainly should 
have killed the Governor, who seemed to take great delight in the exhibition." 

And this was warfare in which a civilized nation found enjoyment! Gov. 
Hamilton was succeeded in 177'J by Maj. A. S. DePeyster, whose government 
was administered in a manner much more humane, f He rescued more than 
300 prisoners from the hands of the Indians. The tribes taking most active 
part in the war were the Wyandots, from the immediate vicinity of Detroit 
and from the River Sandusk}' in Ohio; the Shawanese, from the Miami and 
Scioto Rivers, and others whose thirst for blood was hardly to be restrained 

* Butterfielil. 

f Lieut. Gov. Hamilton led an expedition from Detroit, in 177S, against Vincennes, on the Wabash, in Indiana, 
and took possesgion there, as the place bad no garrison. In Felniarj, 1779, when Col. George Rogers Clark, of the 
American Army, captured the post, Hamilton, and his troops, seventy-nine in number, were made prisoners. The 
men were paroled and allowed to return to Petroit, but their commander was sent to Richmond, Va., as a prisoner of 
war. When lie left Detroit, he placed a certain Maj Lernoult in command, and the latter was succeeded by De Pey- 
sier, who really became the successor of Hamiltou. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 231 

even by DePeyster, and who were allowed to indulge in all the barbarities of a 
hideous, savage warfare under Hamilton. The latter officer had as early as 
September, 1776, endeavored to organize small parties of savages to proceed 
against the settlers on the Ohio and its branches, yet it was not until the next 
year that a Western border war was fully inaugurated. Mohawk Pluggy had 
a considerable town on the Olentangy (or Whetstone) River, the principal east- 
ern tributary of the Scioto, and on the site of the present city of Delaware, 
Delaware County, Ohio, and from that point the Indians — Mingoes — de- 
scended upon the Virginia frontier and caused great trouble. The Wyandots 
were also very ti'oublesome, and had a town at Upper Sandusky, on the upper 
waters of the Sandusky River, in what is now Wyandot County, Ohio. These 
tribes caused so much distress that in the spring of 1777 it was determined to 
send at! expedition against Pluggj^'s Town, but after considerable preparation, 
the project was abandoned lest it should cause the Delawares and Shawanese 
to take up the hatchet also. 

By the last of July, 1777, fifteen parties of Indians, numbering 289 braves, 
besides thirty white officers and rangers, had been sent out from Detroit to dev- 
astate the Western settlements, the frontier line then extending from the Alle- 
ghany Mountains to Kittanning, on the Allegheny River, forty- five miles above 
Pittsburgh, thence down that stream and the Ohio to the mouth of the Great 
Kanawha. " The only posts of importance below Fort Pitt, at this date, were 
Fort Henry (formerly Fort Fincastle), at Wheeling, and Fort Randolph, at 
Point Pleasant. The former was built at the commencement of Lord Dun- 
more's war, in 1774; the latter was erected by Virginia, in 1775. Rude stock- 
ades and block-houses were multiplied in the intervening distances, and in the 
most exposed settlements. They were defended by small detachments from a 
Virginia regiment, also by at least one independent company, and by squads 
of militia on short tours of duty. Scouts likewise patroled the country where 
danger seemed most imminent; but the wily savage frequently eluded i heir vig 
ilance and fell with remorseless cruelty upon the homes of the bordermen. The 
suffering from this iiTegular warfare — legitimate fi-om the standpoint of the In- 
dian but wanton and murderous in its instigators — was terrible."* Bi'ig- 
Gen. Edward Hand, of the Continental Army, who had taken the command 
of Fort Pitt on the 1st day of June, 1777, saw the necessity of taking some step 
to punish these murderous savages, or the frontier would become depopulated. 
He therefore demanded that a force of 2,000 men be raised in the western 
counties of Pennsylvania and Virginia, to proceed against them, but only 
about 800 were raised, including the regulars at Forts Pitt and Randolph. 
Gen. Hand had written to a friend in October, 1777: "I have many difficulties 
to encounter, yet I hope to drink your health in pure element at Saadusky be- 
fore Christmas," meaning by Sandusky the VVj'andut town at Upper Sandusky, 
Late in the fall of that year, his intended expedition was abandoned, as the 
strength of the people did not warrant the undertaking. He then wrote to 
the Governor of Virginia, under date of November 9: "I fully expected to 
give the Wyandots a specimen of what their perfidy so justly deserves; but to 
my great mortification, I am obliged to relinquish the design." 

September 1, 1777, about 200 AVyandots, Shawanese and Delawares made 
an unsuccessful attempt to reduce Fort Henry, at Wheeling. They ambushed 
a portion cf the garrison, killing fifteen of the Americans and w'.>unding five, 
and Avithdrew across the Ohio. Forty-six men left the fort on the 2Gth of the 
same month, for a reconnoitering expedition down the Ohio, but were attacked 
the next day about eight miles below Wheeling, on the Virginia side of the 
river, by about forty Wyandots, and lost more than half their number. A gen- 



232 HISTORY OF union county. 

eral alarm now spread among the settlements, and murders somewhere on the 
frontier were of every day occurrence. The Shawanese, whose villages were 
upon the Scioto and Miami, and of whom Cornstalk was the principal chief 
and friendly to the Americans, did not join with the "Wyandots and Mingoes 
until after the cruel murder of Cornstalk, his son and two others of the tribe, 
at i oi't liandolph, whither they had gone to promote peace. One of the gar- 
rison was slain by savages in the woods on the 10th of November, 1777, and 
in revenge the militia of the post killed the four harmless men whom they had 
previously deprived of their liberty. This unprovoked murder made of the Shaw- 
anese the most bitter and unrelenting enemies. 

In January, 1778, Lieut. Col. George Kogers Clark began recruiting in 
the western department for his subsequent famous expedition against the 
British posts in the Illinois country, which resulted in the reduction of Kas- 
kaskia, St. Phillips, Cahokia, Prairie du Rocher and Vincennes. and won for 
the commander the title of " The Heroic. " In February, J 778, Gen. Hand 
gathered about 500 men at Fort Pitt and started on an expedition to capture 
a large quantity of stores said to have been deposited by the British at an In- 
dian town on the Cuyahoga River. Heavy rains and melting snows obliged 
him to give up the attempt, the expedition having proceeded only to a point 
some distance above the mouth of the Beaver, on the Mahoning River. 

Fiercely the war now raged, and in the spring of 1778 an expedition was 
planned from Fort Pitt against Detroit; but time passed, and, owdng to rhe 
lack of facilities, it was found that such a campaign would be impracticable, 
and Congress resolved that it should be deferred. Gen. Lachlan Mcintosh, a 
brave and hardy soldier, then in command of Fort Pitt and the western depart- 
ment, was anxious to proceed against Detroit, and never lost sight of that proj- 
ect, even in spite of all hindrances. September 17, 1778, a treaty was made 
by which the Delaware Indians became active allies of the United States. In 
the month of November following, the long talked-of march toward Detroit was 
begun with a force of 1,200 men. Fourteen days of marching brought the 
army to the Tuscarawas, only seventy miles from Pittsburgh, and here, for the 
want of sup])]ies, the force was obliged to turn its face again to the eastward 
and return, after first building a stockade fort a short distance south of what 
is now the village of Bolivar, Tuscarawas County, Ohio, on the right bank 
of the river, below the mouth of Sand}^ Creek, and close to the spot on which Col. 
Bouquet had built a similar work when on bis famous expedition against the 
Western Indians in 1764. The new post was called Fort Laurens. Other ex- 
peditions were planned by Mcintosh, but from the force of circumstances 
were abandoned, and that General retired from the western department in 
April, 1770, being succeeded by Col. Daniel Erodhead. The want of su[)})lios 
for a tioie prevented offensive operations on the part of the "Western troops, 
and the savages were unrestrained in their fearful work. Fort Laurens, which 
was seventy miles from Fort Mcintosh, and defended by Col. John Gibson 
with a force of 150 men, was, in August, 1779, abandoned from sheer neces- 
sity. In the last of July, Gen. Sullivan, under the direction of Washing- 
ton, led an army from Wyoming, Penn., into the Iroquois region in New York, 
defeated the Indians disastrously, burned forty of their towns and destroyed 
more than 100,000 bushels of corn. For this the Senecas gave to Washing- 
ton, commander-in-chief of the armies, the name "Town Destroyer." Col. 
Brodhead marched up the Allegheny from Fort Pitt in the summer of 1779, 
soon after being appointed to the command of the western department, burned 
the towns of the Indiaus and destroyed their crops. "The immediate results of 
this and other equally prompt and severe measures was to bring the Delawares, 
Shawanese and even AVyandots, to Fort Pitt on a treaty of peace. There Brod- 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 233 

head met them, on his return in September, and a long conference was held 
to the satisfaction of both parties. Farther west, during the summer and au- 
tumn, the Indians were more successful. In July, the stations being still 
troubled, Col. Bowman undertook an expedition into the country of the Shaw- 
anese, acting upon the principle that to defend yourself against Indians you 
must assail them He marched undiscovered into the immediate vicinity of 
the towns upon the Little Miami, and so divided and arranged his forces as to 
insure apparent success, one portion of his troops being commanded by him- 
self, another by Col. Benjamin Logan; but from some unexpected cause, his 
division of the whites did not co-operate fully with that led by Logan, and 
the whole body was forced to retreat, after having taken some booty, including 
160 horses, and leaving the town of the savages in cinders, bu.t also leaving 
the fierce warriors themselves in no degree daunted or crippled."* Soon after 
this, the Indians, thirsty for blood, made their appearance again on the south 
side of the Ohio, and won a victory over a party of Americans, which is thus 
described in the authority just quoted: 

"An expedition which had been in the neighborhood of Lexington, where 
the first permanent improvements were made in April of this year, upon its 
return came to the Ohio near the Licking, and at the very time that Col. Rog- 
iers and Capt. Benham reached the same point on their way up the river in 
boats. A few of the Indians were seen by the commander of the little Ameri- 
can squadron, near the mouth of the Licking; and supposing himself to be far 
superior in numbers, caused seventy of his men to land, intending to sur- 
round the. savages. In a few minutes, however, he found he was himself sur- 
rounded, and, after a hard-fought battle, only twenty or twenty-five, or per- 
haps even fewer of the party, were left alive. It was in connection with this 
skirmish that an incident occurred which seems to belong rather to a fanciful 
story than to sober history, and which yet appears to be well authenticated. 
In the party of whites was Capt. Robert Benham. He was one of those that 
fell, being shot through both hips, so as to be powerless in his lower limbs; 
he dragged himself, however, to a tree-top, and there lay concealed from the 
savages after the contest was over. On the evening of the second day, seeing 
a raccoon, he shot it; but no sooner was the crack of his rifle heard than he 
distinguished a human voice not far distant; supposing it to be some Indian, 
he reloaded his gun and prepared for defense; but a few moments undeceived 
him, and he discovered that the person whose voice he had heard was a fellow- 
sufierer, with this difference, however, that both his arms were broken! Here, 
then, were the only two survivors of the combat (except those who had entirely 
escaped), with one pair of legs and one pair of arms between them. It will be 
easily believed that they formed a copartnership for mutual aid and defense. 
Benham shot the game which his friend drove, toward him, and the man with 
sound legs then kicked it where he with sound arms sat ready to cook it. To 
procure water, the one with legs took a hat by the brim in his teeth, and walked 
into the Licking up to his neck, while the man with arms was to make signals 
if any boat appeared in sight. In this way they spent about six weeks, when 
on the 27th of November, they were rescued. Benham afterward bought and 
lived upon the land where the battle took place; his companion, Mr. Butler 
tells us, was, a few years since, still living in Brownsville, Penn." 

This account was written many years ago, and as a matter of coui'se 
both those men have long since "joined the innumerable throng" on 
the shores of the silent land. Theirs is but one example of the 
endurance of which the bold and hardy frontiersmen were possessed, 
and such instances could be multiplied almost without number. Who 

*Annals of tlie West, p. 227. 



234 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

is not familiar with the adventures of Boone, Kenton, Logston, Brady, 
McCulloiigh, Wetzel, and the. hosts of others whose names have de- 
scended in history that the people of the West might know how the country in 
which they live was won for them? Bravely and stubbornly they fought, and 
the broad and beautiful laud now densely populated is the rich heritage from 
the hands of those noble men whose memory is revered by all who read this 
story. No longer now is heard the voice of war; the smoke of the conflict rests 
no more on the rivers and forests of the West; the savage race is far removed 
from the scenes of its early triumphs and defeats, and before the genius of 
civilization and universal liberty the country has pushed rapidly and steadily 
forward until it stands at the head of the nations. 

In the summer of 1780, a force of 000 Canadians and Indians, commanded by 
Col. Byrd, a British officer, and having two field pieces, marched up the valley 
of the Licking, in Kentucky, and surprised and captured Ruddle's and Mar- 
tin's Stations, on the South Fork of that river. The Indians perpetrated their 
usual excesses and cruelties, and the force, perhaps from thaf. fact, was sud- 
denly " turned right- about- face and hurried out of the country with all speed."* 
Gen Clark, who had just completed a fortfon the Mississippi River below the 
mouth of the Ohio, and had returned to his station at the falls, now Louisville, 
Ky., had received a letter from the Governor of Virginia, recommending an' 
attack upon the Indian villages north of the Ohio, and learning of the raid up 
the Licking, prepared immediately to administer chastisement upon the sav- 
ages, and to destroy the store which furnished goods to the natives. This store, 
known as Loramie's, was near the present site of a village of the same name, 
in Shelby County, Ohio, where a post had been destroyed by the French in 
1752. Clark was not long in mustering a force of a thousand Kentuckians, and 
was soon at the mouth of the Lickinof. The advance was against the Indian 
towns on the Little Miami and Mad Rivers, and it was entirely successful, re- 
sulting in their utter destruction. 

About five miles west of the present site of the city of Springfield, Ohio, 
was situated the old Indian town of Piqua, on the Mad River; and about twelve 
miles south, on the Little Miami, in the northern portion of what is now 
Greene County, was the old Indian town of Chillicothe. Piqua is said to have 
contained, at one time, nearly 4,000 Shawanese, and in the summer of 1780 
it was quite populous. About 300 Mibgoes, led by Simon Girty, were there as 
allies of the Shawanese, the latter being probably commanded by their celebrated 
chief, Catahecassa, or Blackhoof . On the 2d of August, 1 780, Clark moved north- 
ward with his army from the north shore of the Ohio, where Cincinnati now 
stands, and on the 6th arrived at old Chillicothe, only to find it destroyed and 
its Indian inhabitants gone. The next day he drew up in front of old Piqua.J 
Here he found the Indians aware of his approach, information having been 
given by a soldier who had deserted to the enemy. Girty withdrew his 300 Min- 
goes from the fight, and the Shawanese were efi'ectually whipped by Clark's 
army and retreated in dismay before the men who fought in such a reckless 
manner that the red men termed them "mad." The eng-asfement occurred on 
the 8th of August, and on the 9th the victorious troops destroyed the stock- 
ade fort, the cabins and the corn-fields, starting on their return to Kentucky 
on the 10th. The Shawanese were now obliged to provide themselves shelter 
and food, and found no time for war for a considerable period. 

* Western Annals, p 235. 

t Fort Jefferson. 

I This town was about where the town of Xew Boston, Clark County, Oliio, now stands. After the Indians 
were driven from here, they estaMished themselves in what is now Miami County, and gave ihe old name to tiie new 
village. This was on the site of llie present city of I'iqiia. They also had another town of the same name in the 
southern part of the State, but this lias been changed to I'ickaway, and is the name of a county at present, uf which 
Circleville is the seat of justice. 



.M 







^y^^^^^^^^U^^ /rr^-u/^-tx^h,-^ 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 237 

In the spring of 1781, a small force was sent out from Fort Pitt against 
some of the Delaware Indians who had broken their treaty and taken up the 
hatchet in common with other tribes against the Americans. Their towns 
near Coshocton were laid waste, numbers of their warriors killed and captured, 
and large quantities of peltry and supplies destroyed. The hostile Delawares 
now withdrew forever from the valleys of the Tuscarawas and Miiskingum, and 
took up their abode on the Scioto, the Mad River and the Sandusky, while the 
British commander at Detroit gave them every encoiu'agement and addressed 
them as his "children." The friendly Delawares at Newcomerstown, above 
Coshocton, placed themselves under the protection of the Americana and re- 
turned with the troops to Fort Pitt. Thus was a tribe "divided against itself," 
and it was but natural that it should ultimately be only too willing to make 
permanent peace with those who were its conquerors; and such, as will pres- 
ently be seen, was the final resitlt, at the treaty of Greenville. 

Finally, in the summer of 1781, it seemed that the much-wished-for capt- 
ure of the British post at Detroit was in a fair way to be accomplished. 
Virginia took the matter in hand, and raised a force of about 400 men, placing 
them under the command of George Rogers Clark, whose signal success" in the 
previous year had inspired greater confidence than ever in him. Near the 
close of July, the command moved down the Ohio from Pittsburgh for the falls 
(now Loitisville), and at Wheeling was joined by a considerable body in addi- 
tion, while at the same place nearly an hundred of the militia deserted. A 
force from Westmoreland County, Penn. , comman<led by Archibald Lochry, 
Lieutenant of that county, proceeded down the river to join Clark, but was 
ambushed by Indians about eleven miles below the mouth of the Great Miami 
River, in what is now the State of Indiana, and all the men, numbering over 
100, were either killed or captured, Col. Lochry being among the former.* 
Capt. Joseph Brant (Thayendanegea), and George Girty, brother of the rene- 
gades Simon and James, were in command of the Indians on this occasion. 
Owing to this disaster and an act by Virginia, authorizing its Governor to 
stop the expedition, Clark was compelled to abandon the attempt to capture 
Detroit, and from letters written by him on the subject it appears that he 
was far from being pleased with the outcome. The enemy had intercepted a 
letter from Clark, and were thus made aware of the approach of Lochry, whom 
they proceeded against with the result seen. Other forces were to have taken 
different routes and co-operated with Clark, but the entire plan was given up. 

The Moravian Indians on the Tuscarawas, then known as well as the par- 
ent stream by the name Muskingum, had given certain information to the 
Americans concerning hostile movements on the part of the enemy, and in 
consequence their missions were broken up by the exasperated warriors of 
other tribes, and they were compelled to move to the Sandusky region, where 
it is said some of them returned to barbarism and became hostile to the whites. 
Accounts conflict regarding their subsequent histoiy. One statemtmt is that 
about 150 of their men, women and children were allowed by permission of 
the Wyandots to return to their old home on the Tuscarawas and harvest the 
corn which was still standing, from the previous year's growth, they at that 
time being short of provisions. In the early part of 17S2, numerous depreda- 
tions were committed upon the settlements in Western Pennsylvania, and finally 
an expedition was organized, under Col. David Williamson, to proceed against 
the hostiles and administer punishment. The Indians who had returned to the 
old Moravian town of Gnadenhutten, on the Tucarawas, in what is now Tus- 
carawas County, Ohio, were met with, and as many supposed they were the per- 
petrators of the outrages, they were dealt with accordingly. Ninety of them, 

* This occurred on the 24th of August, 1781. ' 



238 IIlSTOilY OF UNION COUNTY. 

myn. wonion aud children, were put to death iu a most cruel manner by the 
von<;ofiil frontiersmen. Statements from diftereut sources say they wore mem- 
bers of the Moravian band which had formerly occupied the ground, and oth- 
ers were equally as positive that they belonged to hostile tribes. The aftair 
occurred in March. 17S2, and wliatever the facti may be regarding the hostility 
or friendliness of the Indians, it cannot be denied that their massacre was 
contrary to the usages of civilized warfare. 

The country people around Forts Pitt and Mcintosh became clamorous to 
be led against the Wyandot towns on the Sandusky River, and Brig. Gen. 
AVilliam Irvine, who assumed command of Fort Pitt and the western dejiart- 
ment iu November, 17S1, finally gave his consent to a movement in the direc- 
tion proposed, and a force of 4(')S men set out on the 21st of May, 1782. under 
command of Col. William Crawford. The troops wore mostly raw militia, 
and the march was so slow that the enemy learned of the approach of the army 
and prepared himself accordingly. The opposing forces met on the 4th and 
5th of June, and the Americans were defeated and driven back with a loss of 
some lif ty of their number. Col. Crawford and a number of others were capt- 
ured, and while a portion were tomahawked, the Colonel and his son-in-law-, 
William Hai-rison. were burned at the stake near the site of the present town 
of Wyandot, in the county of Uie same name, in Ohio, where thi^ engagement 
had occuiTed. The tortures of poor Crawford were terrible, and were witnessed 
by his siu'geon. Dr. Knight, who miraculously escaped the same fate and found 
his way back to the settlements, where he gave an account of the aflair. Col. 
Crawford was burned on the fifth day after his capture; he was tirst tied to a 
post, with room to Avalk around it. then the savages "cut off his ears; after 
that blow squibs of powder on different parts of his body; then the squaws 
procured hickory brands and darted against such parts as they thought might 
most affect him; they then scalped him and slapped the scalp in the Doctor's 
face — told him that was his big Captain ; the Colonel was still alive. This 
he thinks was an hour after the Colonel Mas tied up, when he (the Doctor) 
was taken away. Just as he was leaving him, the Colonel leaned on his knee 
and elbow to rest, when a squaw took a shovel of hot embers aud threw iipon 
his back to put him again in motion. The next day, under the guard of one man, 
the Doctor passed the same place and saw some of the Colonel's bones in the 
ashes. The Colonel, he says, made little noise; he begged one Simon Girty, 
whom he formerly knew at Fort Pitt, to shoot him, but Girty said, with a laugh, 
he had no gun; that examples must take place. * * * " The above quota- 
tion is from the FeiDif^ijlvania Jonrnal and Weekly Advertiser, for July 23, 
1782. 

The following, from the " Short Biography of John Leith,"* is believed to 
be "the only account extant of incidents transpiring at Upper Sandusky imme- 
diately before the arrival of Crawford's army." It is here copied from a foot- 
note in Buttertield's work, previously mentioned: 

"The spring following, I was mai-ried to a young woman seventeen or 
eighteen years of age, also a prisoner to the Indians, who had beea taken by 
them when about twenty months old. I was then in my twenty- fourth year. 
Our place of residence was iu Moravian Town (Gnadenhutten] for cibout two 
yoai's. about which time Col. Williams [Col. Daniel Brodhead]. an American 
ollicer, took possession of Coshoctou [iu the spring of 1781]; and shortly after 
the British and their Indian allies tcok Moravian Town, with me, my Avifoand 
children, and all the Moravians prisoners, and carried us to [Upper] Sandusky. 

*.Iohn Loitb had liopii ciiptuifd by the ImliDns wlien on a trip unioug them from Fort Pitt, iu company with a 
tnuler, hostilitii.\s having bi-giiii lietween tlip Iiulians and Americans snb^equeiit to tlieir departure from the fort and 
wMle they were iu the Indian country. Leith nrirried Sally Lowry, also a prisoner Iu 1790, he returned with his 
wife to Fort Pitt. One of his sons, Saniuei, was the tir=t «hite child born iu the Sandusky Valley. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 239 

After arriving at [Upper] Sandusky, the British would not suffer me to trade on 
my own footing and for myself; but live of them having placed their funds 
into one general stock, employed me to attend to their business for them, and 
two of them being my old employers, they gave me the same wages as before. 
Whilst in this employ, Cols. Williams [Williamson] and Crawford marched 
with an army against Sandusky, at which time I was closely watched by the 
Indians, and had to make my movements with particular regularity, though I 
had spies going to and fro by whom I could hear every evening where the army 
was encamped, for several days. One evening I was informed the army was 
only lifteen miles distant [near the present village of AVyandot, Wyandot 
County, Ohio], when I immediately sent the hands to gather the horses, etc., 
to take our goods to Lower Sandusky. I packed up the goods (about £1,500 
worth in silver, furs, powder, lead, etc.) with such agility that by the next 
morning at daylight we started for Lower Sandusky. I also took all the cat- 
tle belonging to the company along. After traveling about three miles, I met 
Capt. [Matthew] Elliott, a British offict?ir; and about twelve miles further on, I 
met the whole British Army, composed of Col. Butler's Rangfirs [a company 
from Detroit, under the command of Capt. William Caldwell]. They took from 
me my cattle and let me pass. That night I encamped about fourteen miles 
above Lower Sandusky, whnn, just after I had encamped and put out my 
horses to gi'aze, there came to my camp a man who was a French interpreter 
to the Indians [Francis Le Vellier]. ' Well,' said he, 'I believe I will stay with 
you to-night and take care of you.' I told him he could remain there for the 
night, but I intended starting early in the morning. Next morning, after we had 
got our horses loaded ready to start and the Frenchman had mounted his horse, 
we heard a cannon fire at Upper Sandusky. The Frenchman clapped his hand 
to his breast and said, 'I shall be there before the battle is begun;' but alas, 
poor fellow! he got there too soon. Without fear or any thought but victory, ho 
went on to where a parcel of Indians were painting and preparing for battle, 
put on a ruffled shirt and painted a red spot on the breast saying, ' Here is 
a mark for the Virginia riflemen;' and shortly after marched with the Indians 
to battle, where in a short time he received a ball in the very spot and died in- 
stantaneously. I arrived at Lower Sandusky the second day, and remained 
there three days to hear the event. At length the Americans under Col. "Will- 
iams [Williamson] stole a retreat on the Indians who were gathering around 
them in gi'eat numbers; but Col. Crawford, with most of his men, was taken by 
them. They tomahawked all his men and burnt him alive." 

The defeat and death of Crawford was a sad blow, but the energies of the 
borderers were not entirely prostrated. In the fall of 1782, the Delawares and 
Wyandots were located principally upon the Sandusky River, directly upon 
the line between Fort Pitt and Detroit, and south of them, principally on the 
upper waters of the Great Miami, were the towns of the Shawanese. Gens. 
Irvine and Clark planned a simultaneous attack upon them, the former to 
push from the east against the Delawares and Wyandots, and the latter to pro- 
ceed from Kentucky and attack the Shawanese. Irvine was disappointed in 
numerous ways and was unable to carry out his part of the programme, but 
Clark's fortune was better. Irvine, although prevented from moving with a 
force against the Sandusky River tribes, yet used every means to draw. their at- 
tentioTi so they should not learn of the movements of Clark. In this he was 
only partially successful, for there is plenty of evidence to show that the In- 
dians anticipated an attack from the south, and even petitioned for aid from 
the British commandant at Detroit. Two deserters from Clark's army gave 
the enemy valuable information, and deterred them from sending a force for 
the reduction of Fort Pitt, Avhich Capt. Alexander McKeo was arranging. 



240 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

The deserters stated that the "Falls [Louisville] were weak aud could easily 
be reduced. On this report, they changed their ground and determined to go 
against the Falls and continued in this mind till after Col. Crawford's expe- 
dition. They then changed their ground once more and determined to reduce 
Wheeling. Mr. McKee actually marched for that purpose from the towns* 
with 100 rangers (British) as they are called, and about 300 Indians. A day 
or two after his departure, runners came in who gave the information that Gen. 
Clark was approaching with a train of artillery and a large body of troops. "f 
The Indians became greatly alarmed, McKee was recalled, and every available 
man of the Shawanese, Delawares, Wyandots, Mingoes, Monseys, Ottawas, and 
Chippewas, some 700 in all, assembled to give battle to the Kentuckians. be- 
ing determined to have the light at the old Shawanese town on the Mad Eiver, 
from whence the latter had been driven two years before. This was early in 
August, and the Indians did not meet Clark until after their raid into Ken- 
tucky and the battle of the Blue Licks. The General, upon learning of this 
severe blow which "had been struck by the northern savages, determined, as 
soon as possible, again to lead an expedition into the Miami Valleys. It was 
the last of September, however, before a thousand men could be gathered at 
the mouth of the Licking, whence they marched northward. But their com- 
ing, though expeditious and secret, was discovered by the natives, and the 
towns on the Miamis and Mad River abandoned to their fate. The crops were 
again destroyed, the towns burned, the British store (Loramie's) with its goods 
annihilated, and a few prisoners taken, biit no engagement of any consequence 
took place. Such, however, appears to have been the impression made by 
Clark upon the Shawanese that no large body of Indians, thenceforward, in- 
vaded the territory south of the Ohio. "J The following was Gen. Clark's 
letter to Gen. Irvine on the subject of the expedition: 

Miami, November 13, 1782. 

Sin: I fell in with _your late express on the 2d inst., at the month of the Licking 
Creek.g I was happy to find that our design was likely to be well-timed. We marched 
on the 3d. The 10th, surprised the principal Shawanese town, Chillicothe, || but not so 
completely as wished for, as most of the inhabitants had time to escape. We got a few 
scalps and prisoners. I imniediately dispatched strong parties to the neighboring towns. 
In a short time laid all of thcni in ashes, with their riches. The British trading-post at 
the carrying place shared the same fate. I cannot find, from tlie prisoners, that thcj had 
any idea of your second design; and I hope 3'ou will completely surprise the Sanduskians. a 
I beg leave to refer you to Mr. Tate and his companions for further particulars, for rea- 
sons well known to you. 

Gen. Clark's official report of his invasion of the Shawanese country at 
this time was as follows: 

Lincoln, h November 27, 1782. 

Sir: I embrace the earliest opportunity, by Capt. Morrison, of accpiainting you with 
our return from the Indian country. We left the Ohio on the 4th inst. wiih one 
thousand and fifty men, aud surprised the principal Shawnee town on the evening 
of the 10th inst. Immediately detaching strong parties to different ciuarters, in a 
few hours two-thirds of the town and everything they were po.ssessed of was destroyed 
except such articles as might be useful to the ti-oops; the enemy had no time to secrete 
any part of their property which was in the town. The British trading-post, at 
the head of the Miami, and carrying-place to the waters of the lake.c shared the 
same fate, at the hands of a party of one hundred and fifty horse, commanded 
by Col. Ben Logan. The property destroyed was of great amount, and the quantity of 

* Meaning th« Shawanese towns, ill what is now Logan County, Ohio. The British Hangers mentioned com- 
posed Capt. Caldwell's Company, sent liy l)e Peyster from Detroit. 

t From letter of Gen. Willinm Irvine to Col. Edward Cook, about Septcmhor I, 1782. Irvine derived his informa- 
tion from » negro who had come in from the Shawanese towns. It was subsequently found to be corr>-ct. After he 
lelt, the enemy succefesfully invaded Kentucky, and won the bloody battle of Blue Licks, August 19, 1782. 

J Annals of the West, p. 27H. 

ji This express left Pittsburgh October 3, and Clark met it on the present hite of Cincinnati. 

li Now Piqua, Bliami County, Ohio. From Gen. Clark's letter it would seem that the ti^wn had been given the 
same name as the old one on the Little Miami, previously refeircd to. Other accounts give it alwiiys as Piqua. 

a It has been seen that Gen. ^rvine was unable to make hii cout<'mplated descent upon the Delawares aud Wyan- 
dots in their towns on the Sandusky River. 

b Lincoln County, Ky. 

c Lake Erie. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 241 

provisions burned surpassed all idea we bad of tbe Indian stores. Tbe loss of tbe enemy 
was ten scalps, seven prisoners,- and tAvo wbites re-taken; ours was one killed and one 
wounded. After lying part of four days in tlieir towns, and finding all attempts to bring 
the enemy to a general action fruitless, we retired, as tbe season was far advanced and tbe 
weather threatening. I could not learn from the prisoners that they had tbe least idea of 
Gen. Irwin's* penetrating into their country; should he have given them another stroke 
at Sandusky, it will have more than doubled tbe advantage already gained. We miglit 
probably have got many more scalps and prisoners could we have known in time whether 
we were discovered or not. We took for granted we were not, until getting within three 
miles, some circumstances happened which caused me to think otherwise. Col. John 
Floyd was then ordered to advance with three hundred men, to bring on an action or at- 
tack the town, while Maj. Walls, with a party of horse, bad previously been detached 
by a different route, as a party of observation. Although Col. Floyd's motions were so 
quick as to -get to the town but a few minutes later than those who discovered bis ap- 
proach, the inhabitants had sufficient notice to effect their escape to the woods, by the 
alarm cry which was givcm on the first discovery. This was beard at a verj^ great dis- 
tance, and repeated by all that heard it. Consequently, our parties only fell in with tbe 
rear of the enemy. I must beg leave to recommend to your Excellency the militia of 
Kentucky, whose behavior on the occasion does them honor, and particularly their desire 
to save prisoners. Subscribed, G. R. Clark. 

To Gov. Benjamin Harrison, of Virginia. 

With what joy the frontier settlers hailed the dawn of peace it can be 
imagined. For seven years they had lived in fear of incursions from their 
savage foes, and their relief must have been exceedingly great at the cessation 
of hostilities with even a portion of their enemies. The defeat and capture 
of Lord Cornwallis at I'orktown, Va., " prepared tiie way for preliminaries of 
peace with Great Britain, and put a check upon their Indian allies. Upon the 
30th of November, 1782, provisional articles of peace had been arranged at 
Paris, between the Commissioners of England and her unconquerable colo- 
nies. Upon the 20th of January following, hostilities ceased; on the 19th of 
April — the anniversary of the battle of Lexington — peace was proclaimed to 
the army of the United States, and on the 3d of the next September, the defi- 
nite treaty which ended in our revolutionary struggle was concluded. "f 

But the close of the war with Great Britain did not bring peace to the 
border settlements. " The victories in the East brought no cessation of hos- 
tilities in the West. The savages still glutted their vengeance upon the un- 
wary borderers; the tomahawk and scalping-knife still brought death in all 
the brutality with which the Indian was capable, to young and old — to either 
sex."J Matters between the United States and Great Britain remained for 
several years unsettled, and there was some difficulty with a few of the States 
regarding the adjustment of land claims in the territory on the upper side of 
the Ohio. The Indians almost constantly harassed the border settlements, and 
at times wore an aspect of evil. A treaty at Fort Stanwix (now J tome, N. 
Y.), October 22, 1784:, with the Iroquois tribes— Mohawks, Onondagas, Ca- 
yugas and Senecas — restilted in their ceding to the United States all claims to 
the country west of the western border of Pennsylvania as far as the Ohio 
River. January 21, 1785, a treaty was held at Fort Mcintosh with the Wy- 
andots, Delawar^s, Chippewas and Ottawas, the celebrated Delaware chief, 
Buckongahelas, it is said, being present. The following were the important 
provisions of this treaty: 

"Article III. — The boundary lines between the United States and the 
"Wyandot and Delaware nations shall begin at the mouth of.the River Cayahoga, 
and run thence up the said river to the portage between that and the Tuscara- 
was branch of the Muskingum; then down the said branch to the forks at 
the crossing place above I'ort Lavsrence [Laurens]; then westwardly, to the 
portage of the Big Miami, which runs into the Ohio, at the mouth of which 
branch the fort stood which was taken by the French in one thousand seven 

■■ Meaning Irvine's. 
fAnnals of the West, 
t Biitterfield. 



242 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

hundi'ed and lifty-two; then along the said portage to the Great Miami or 
Ome Rivei", ancldown the southeast side of the same to its mouth; thence along 
the douth shore of Lake Erie to the mouth of the Cayahoga, where it began. 

"Akt. IV. — The United States allot all the la ads contained within the 
said lines to the AVyandot and Delaware nations, to live and to hunt on, and 
to such of the Ottawa nation as nov/ live thereon; saving and reserving, for 
the establishment of trading posts, six miles square at the mouth of the Mi- 
ami or Ome River, and the same at the portage on that branch of the Big Mi- 
ami which rans into the Ohio, and the same on the Lake of Sandusky, where 
the fort formerly stood, and also two miles square on each side of the lower 
rapids of Sandusky River; which posts, and the lands annexed to them, shall 
be to the use and under the Government of the United States. 

"Akt. V. — If any citizen of the United States, or other person, not be- 
ing an Indian, shall attempt to settle on any of the lands allotted to the 
Wyandot and Delaware nations in this treaty, except on the lands reserved to 
the United States in the preceding article, such person shall forfeit the pro- 
tection of the United States and the Indians may punish him as they 
please. 

"Aet. VI. — The Indians who sign this treaty, as well in behalf of all 
their tribes as of themselves, do acknowledge the lands east, south and west 
of the lines described in the third article, so far as the said Indians formerly 
claimed the same, to belong to the United States; and none of their tribe 
shall presume to settle upon the same or any part of it. 

"Art. VII. — The post of Detroit, with a district beginning at the 
mouth of the River Rosine [Raisin], on the west side of Lake Erie, and running 
west six miles up the southern bank of the said river, thence northerly, and 
always six miles west of the strait, till it strikes the Lake St. Clair, shall also 
be reserved to the sole use of the United States. 

"Art. VIII. — In the same manner, the post of Michilimackinac, with 
its dependencies, and twelve miles square about the same, shall be reserved 
for the use of the United States. 

"Art. IX. — If any Indian or Indians shall commit a robbery or mur- 
der on any citizen of the United States, the tribe to which such offender may 
belong shall be bound to deliver them up at the nearest post, to be punished 
according to the ordinances of the United States." 

On the 15th of June, 1785, Congress issued the following proclamation, 
which was circulated in the Western country: 

Whekea;?, It has been reprer-ented to the United States, hi Congress asscnihkd, that 
several disorderly persons have erossed the Ohio and settled upon vheir vuiapproprialed 
lands; and whereas, it is their intention, as soon as it shall he surveyed, to open olhees for 
the sale of a considerable part thereof, in such proportions and under such other regula- 
tions as may suit the convenience of all the citizens of the said States and others 
who may wish to become purchasers of the same; and as .«uch conduct tends to defeat the 
object ihey have in view, is in direct opposition to the ordinances and resolutions of Con- 
gress, and highly disrespectful to the federal authority ; thej' have, therefore, thought lit, 
and do hereby issue this their proclamation, strictly forbidding all such unwarrantable in- 
trusions, and enjoining all those who have settled thereon to depart with their families 
and effects, without loss of time, as they shall answer the same at their peril. 

A treaty was made with the Shawauese, January 31, 1786, at the mouth 
of the Great Miami River, of which the following is 

"Article VI. — The United States do allot to the Shawanese nation, lands 
within their territory, to live and hitnt upon, beginning at the south line of 
the lands allotted to the Wyandot and Delaware nations, at the place where 
the main branch of the Great Miami, which falls into tlie Ohio, intersects said 
line; then down the River Miami to the fork of that river, next below the old 
fort which was taken by the French in one thousand seven hundred and fifty- 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 243 

two; thence due west to the Kiver De La Panse; then down that river to the 
River AV abash; beyond which lines none of the citizens of the' United States 
shall settle, nor disturb the Shawanese in their settlement and possessions. 
And the Shawanese do relinquish to the United States all title, or pretense of 
title, they ever had to the lands east, west and south of the east, west and 
south lines before described." 

It had been endeavored to bring the Wabash tribes and others to treat at 
this time, but the effort did not succeed, and they continued their depreda- 
tions. The Shawanese, also, disregarding their treaty, resumed hostilities, 
and, in the fall of 1786, an expedition was led against them by Col. Benjamin 
Logan, from Kentucky, who burned their towns on Mad River and destroyed 
their crops. One of his encampments on the route was at a place in what is 
now Clinton County, Ohio, known as the Deserted Camp, where it is said a 
Frenchman deserted from his force in order to give warning to the Indians, and 
thus partially frustrated the object of the expedition. Another expedition had 
been undertaken against the Wabash Indians, by Gen. George Rogers Clark, 
but its results were hardly satisfactory. 

Matters now remained in a state of uncertainty until July, 1787, when 
Congress passed Ordinance No. 32, since knuwn as the ordinance of 1787, for 
the government of the territory of the United States northwest of the River 
Ohio. It was drawn up by Nathan Dane, a Revolutionary patriot, of Massa- 
chusetts, and its full text appears elsewhere in this volume Judge Jacob 
Burnet, of Cincinnati, in his "Notes of the Early Settlement of the Northwest- 
ern Territory," published in 1847, speaks of the ordinance as follows: 

"That document was the Constitution of the Territory. It vested the ex- 
ecutive power in a Governor; the judicial power in a General Court, composed 
of three Judges, and the legislative power in the Governor and Judges, acting 
as a Legislative Council. It also provided for the appointment of a Secretary 
of the Territory, who was subsequently authorized by an act of Congress to 
execute all the powers and duties of the Governor, in case of his death, re- 
moval, or necessary absence from the Territory. It also provided for the estab- 
lishment of tribunals, inferior to the General Court, and for the appointment 
of suboi'dinate ofBcers. The legislative power was limited to the adoption of 
such laws of the original States as they might think suited to the condition 
and wants of the people which were to be submitted to and approved by Con- 
gress. It also entitled the TeiTitory, as soon as it should be found to contain 
5,000 free male inhabitants, of full age, to a General Assembly, to consist of 
a Legislative Council and House of Representatives, and also to a delegate 
in Congress. For the purpose of carrying the Ordinance into eflect and or- 
ganizing a Terntorial Government, Congress, on the 5tb of October, 1787, 
elected ^irthur St. Claii-, Governor, and Winthrop Sargent, Secretary; and on 
the 16th of the same month, they appointed Samuel Holden Parsons, John 
Armstrong, of Newburg, N. Y., and James Mitchell Varnum, Judges of 
the said Territory. On the 16th of January, John Armstrong declined the ap- 
pointment, and John C. Symmes was chosen to till the vacancy. " 

On the day St. Clair was appointed Governor, Congi-ess passed a resolu- 
tion instructing him to "hold a general treaty with the tribes of Indians 
within the United States inhabiting the country northwest of the River Ohio 
and about the lakes, at such time and place as he should appoint, for the pur- 
pose of knowing the cause of uneasiness among them — hearing their com- 
plaints — regulating trade, and amicably settling all affairs concerning lands 
and boundaries between them and the United States, agreeably to such in- 
structions as should be given him, for that purpose." In pursuance of that 
order, he assembled the Indians at Marietta, in January, 1789, and negotiated 



244 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

with them what afterward became known as the "Treaty of Fort Harmar. "* 
When Congress first assembled under the new Constitution, at New York, in 
May, 1789, Washington, as one of his first official acts as President, submitted 
said treaty to the Senate for its action thereon, and that body immediately ap- 
proved and ratified it. At the same session, St. Clair and Sargent were re-ap- 
pointed to the positions of Governor and Secretary of the Territory, and a new 
board of Judges was appointed. 

" But these treaties," says Albach. "if meant in good faith by those Avho 
made them, were not respected, and the year of which we now write (1789) 
saw renewed the old frontier troubles in all their barbarism and variety. The 
Wabash Indians especially, who had not been bound by any treaty as yet, kept 
up constant incursions against the Kentucky settlers, and the emigrants down 
the Ohio, and the Kentuckians retaliated, striking foes and friends, even ' the 
peaceable Piankeshaws, who yirided themselves on their attachment to the United 
States.' Nor could the President take any effectual steps to put an end to this 
constant partisan warfare. In the first place, it was by no means clear that an 
attack bv the forces of the Government upon the Wabash tribes could be jus- 
tified." " 

Troubles multiplied, and the campaigns of Harmar and St. Clair, in 1790 
and 1791 respectively, followed by Wayne's terrible punishment of the Indians 
in August, 1791, are matters of history not necessary to notice at length in 
this place. The victory of Wayne enabled him to do what a commission had 
failed to do in an attempt in 1793, namely, to agree on terms of peace witli 
the various Western tribes. The treaty of Greenville was concluded on the 3d 
of August, 1795, after a long and carefully conducted conference, in the proceed- 
ings of which the shrewdness and tact of Wayne are most conspicuous. There 
were present at the conference numbers from the tribes as follows: Wyan- 
dots, 180; Delawares, 381; Shawanese, 143; Ottawas, 45; Chippewas, 4G; Pot- 
tawattomies, 240; Miamis and Eel Kivers, 73; Weas and Piankeshaws, 12; 
Kickapoos and Kaskaskias, 10; total 1,130. The provisions of the treaty were 
as follows if 

Article I. — Hostilities were to cease. 

Art. II. — All prisoners were to be restored. 

Art. III. — The general boundary lines between the lands of the United 
States and the lands of the said Indian tribes shall begin at the mouth of 
the Cuyahoga River, and run thence up the same to the portage between that 
and the Tuscarawas branch ol the Muskingum; thence down that branch to the 
crossing place above Fort Lawrence [Laurens]; thence westwardly, to a fork 
of that branch of the Great Miami River, running into the Ohio, at or near 
which fork stood Loramie's store, and where commences the portage between 
the Miami and the Ohio and St. Mary's River, Avhich is a branch of the Miami 
which runs into Lake Erie; thence a westwardly course, to Fort Recovery, 
which stands on a branch of the Wabash; thence southwesterly, in a direct line 
to the Ohio, so as to intersect that river opposite the mouth of the Kentucky or 
Cuttawa River. And in consideration of the peace now established; of the 
goods formerly received from the United States; of those now to be delivered; 
and of the yearly delivery of goods now stipulated to be made hereafter; and 
to indemnify the United States for the injuries and expenses they have sus- 
tained during the war; the said Indian tribes do hereby cede and relinquish 
forever, all their claims to the lands lying eastwardly and southwardly of the 
general boundary lines now described; and these lands, or any part of them, 

*Thi8 was on the 9th of January, 17S9. The treaty confirmed the previous one with the Iroquois at Fort Stan- 
wix, made in October, 1784, and another made at Fort Mcintosh in January, 1785, with the Wyandots, Delawares, 
Ottawas, Chippewas, Pottawattomies and Sacs, also extending the latter treaty. 

fSee Annals of the West, pp. 442-44G. 





:^^'^^, 





Ci--u~-£>->V> 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 247 

shall never hereafter be made a cause, or pretense, on the part of said tribes, 
or any of them, of war or injmy to the United States, or any other people 
thereof. 

And for the same consideration, and as an evidence of the said Indian tribes, 
of their confidence in the United States, and desire to provide for their ac- 
commodations, and for that convenient intercourse which will be beneficial to 
both parties, the said Indian tribes do also cede to the United States the fol- 
lowing pieces of land, to wit: 1. One piece of land six miles square, at or 
near Loramie's store, before mentioned. 2. One piece, two miles square, at 
the head of the navigable water or landing, on the St. Mary's River, nearGir- 
ty's Town. 3. One piece, six miles square, at the head of the navigable wat- 
ers of the Auglaize River. 4. One piece, six miles S(pare, at the conference 
of the Auglaize and Miami Rivers, where Fort Defiance now stands. 5. One 
piece, six miles square, at or near the confluence of the Rivers St. Mary's and 
St. Joseph's, where Fort Wayne now stands, or near it. G. One piece, two 
miles square, on the Wabash River, at the end of the portage from the Miami 
of the Lake, and about eight miles eastward from Fort Wayne. 7. One piece 
six miles square, at the Ouiatanon, or old Wea towns, on the Wabash River. 
8. One piece, twelve miles square, at the British fort on the Miami of the Lake 
at the foot of the rapids. 9. One piece, six miles square, at the mouth of said 
river, where it empties into the lake. 10. One piece, six miles square, upon 
Sandusky Lake, where a fort formerly stood. 11. One piece, two miles square, 
at the lower rapids of Sandusky River. 12. The post of Detroit, and all the 
lands to the north, the west and the south of it, of which the Indian title has 
been extinguished by gifts or grants to the French or English Governnments ; 
and so much more land to be annexed to the District of Detroit as shall be 
comprehended between the River Rosine on the south and Lake St. Clair on 
the north, and a line, the general covirse whereof shall be six miles distant 
from the west end of Lake Erie and Detroit Rivei*. 13. The post of Michili- 
mackinac, and all the land on the island on which that post stands, and the 
mainland adjacent, of which the Indian title has been extinguished by gifts or 
grants to the French or English Governments; and apiece of land on the main 
to the north of the Island, to measure six miles, on Lake Huron or the strait 
between Lakes Huron and Michigan, and to extend three miles back from the 
water on the lake or strait; and also, the Island de Bois Blanc, being an extra 
and voluntary gift of the Chippewa nation. 14. One piece of land, six miles 
square, at the mouth of Chicago River, emptying into the southwest end of 
Lake Michigan, where a fort formerly stood. 15. One piece, twelve miles 
square, at or near the mouth of the Illinois River, emptying into the Missis- 
sippi. 16. One piece, six miles square, at the old Peorias' fort and village, 
near the south end of the Illinois Lake, on said Illinois River. And whenever 
the United States shall think proper to survey and mark the boundaries of the 
lands hereby ceded to them, they shall give timely notice thereof to the said 
tribes of Indians, that they may appoint some of their wise chiefs to attend 
and see that the lines are run according to the terms of this treaty. 

And the said Indian tribes will allow to the people of the United States a 
free passage, by land and by water, as one and the other shall be found con- 
venient, through their country along the chain of posts herein before men- 
tioned, that is to say: from the commencement of the portage aforesaid, at or 
near Loramie's stoi'e, thence along said portage to the St. Mary's and down 
the same to Fort W^ayne, and then down the Miami to Lake Erie; again from 
the commencement of the portage, at or near Loramie's store, along the por- 
tage and thence from the River Auglaize, and down the same to its junction 
with the Miami at Fort Defiance; again, from the commencement of the por- 



248 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

tage aforesaid to Sandxisky River, and down the same to Sandusky Bay, and 
Lake Erie, and from Sandusky to the post which shall be taken at or near the 
foot of the rapids of the Miami of the Lake; and from thence to Detroit. 
Again, from the mouth of the Chicago River to the commencement of the port- 
age between that river and the Illinois, and down the Illinois River to the 
Mississippi; also, from Fort Wayne, along the portage aforesaid which leads 
to the "VV abash, and then down the Wabash to the Ohio. And the said Indian 
tribes will also allow the people of the United States the free use of the har- 
bors and mouths of rivers, along the lakes adjoining the Indian lands, for 
sheltering vessels and boats, and liberty to land their cargoes when necessary 
for their safety. 

Art. IV. — In consideration of the peace now established, and of the 
sessions and relinquishments of lands, made in the preceding article by the 
said tribes of Indians, and to manifest the liberality of the United States, as 
the great means of rendering this peace strong and perpetual, the United States 
relinquish their claim to all other Indian lands, northward of the River Ohio, 
eastward of the Mississippi, and westward and southward of the Great Lakes 
and the waters uniting them, according to the boundary line agreed upon by 
the United States and the King of Great Britain, in the treaty of peace made 
between them in the year 1783. But from this relinquishment by the United 
States the following tracts of land are explicitly excepted: Ist. The tract of 
150,000 acres, near the rapids of the River Ohio, which has been assigned to 
Gen. Clark for the use of himself and his warriors. 2d. The post at St. Vin- 
cennes, on the River Wabash, and the lands adjacent, of which the Indian title 
has been extinguished. 3d. The lands at all other places, in possesson of the 
French people and other white settlers among them, of which the Indian title 
has been extinguished, as mentioned in the third article; and 4th the post of 
Fort Massac, towards the mouth of the Ohio. To which several parcels of 
land, so excepted, the said tribes relinquish all the title and claim which they 
or any of them may have. 

And, for the same considerations, and with the same views as above men- 
tioned, the United States now deliver to the said Indian tribes a quantity of 
goods to the value of twenty thousand dollars, the receipt whereof they do 
hereby acknowledge; and henceforward, every year, forever, the United States 
will deliver, at some convenient place northward of the River Ohio, like uspf ul 
goods, suited to the circumstances of the Indians, of the value of nine thou- 
sand five hundred dollars, reckoning that value at the first cost of the goods in 
the city or place in the United States where they shall be procured. The 
tribes to which these goods are to be annually delivered, and the proportions 
in which they are to be delivered are the following: 

1st, To the Wyandots, the amount of one thousand dollars; 2d, to the 
Delawares, the amount of one thousand dollars; 3d, to the Shawanese, the 
amou.nt of one thousand dollars; 4th, to the* Miamis, the amount of one 
thousand dollars; 5th, to the Ottawas, the amount of one thousand dollars; 
6th, to the Chippewas, the a,mount of one thousand dollars; 7th, to the Potta- 
watomies, the amount of one thousand dollars; 8th, and to the Kickapoo, Wea, 
Eel River, Piankeshaw and Kaskaskia tribes, the amount of five hundred 
dollars each. 

Provided, That if either of the tribes shall hereafter, at an annual delivery 
of their share of the goods aforesaid, desire that a part of their annuity should 
be furnished in domestic animals, implements of husbandry, and other utensils 
convenient for them, and in compensation to useful artificers, who may reside 
with or near them, and be employed for their benefit, the same shall, at the 
sabsequeot annual deliveries, be furnished accordingly. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 219 

Art. y. — To prevent any misunderstanding about the Indian lauds 
relinquished by the United States, in 'the fourth article, it is now explicitly 
declared that the meaning of that relinquishment is this: The Indian tribes 
who have a right to these lands are quietly to enjoy them, hunting, planting 
and dwelling thereon, so long as they please, without any molestation from the 
United States; but when those tribes, or auy of them, shall be disposed to sell 
their lands or any part of them, they are to be sold only to the United 
States; and, until such sale, the United States will protect all the said 
Indian tribes, in the quiet enjoyment of their lands, against all citizens of the 
United States, and against all other white persons who intrude upon the same. 
And the said Indian tribes again acknowledge themselves to be under the pro- 
tection of the said United States, and no other power whatever. 

Art. VI. — The Indians or United States may remove and punish 
intruders on Indian lands. 

Art. VII. — Indians may hunt within ceded land°. 

Art. VIII — Trade shall be opened in substance as by provisions in 
treaty of Fort Harmar. 

Art. IX. — All injuries shall be referred to law, not privately avenged; 
and all hostile plans known to either shall be revealed to the other party. 

Art. X. — All previous treaties annulled. 

The various nations named in the fourth article signed this treaty on the 
date given (August 3, 1795); it was laid before the Senate on the 9th of De- 
cember and ratified by that body on the 22d of the same month. And thus 
closed the long and bloody old Indian wars of the West. The peace then 
agreed upon lasted for sixteen years, when the renowned Shawanese chieftain, 
Tecumseh, who, with his brother the Prophet, had laid plans to unite all the 
tribes as one, and had stirred them to strife, precipitated the war of that year, 
in which Gov. "William Henry Harrison showed himself to be a man of great 
nerve and wonderful resources. That hostilities were brought on largely 
through the aid of the sneaking emissaries of Great Britain there can be no 
doubt, and the final breaking-out of the war of 1S12 ujion the land settled the 
aim of the British Government conclusively. Happily, that war resulted 
advantageously to the United States, and cooled the desire of the great foreign 
power to usurp the rights of the young Republic, which had thus, a second 
time, tau.ght the British lion a severe lesson. Treaties were made in 1S14 and 
1815, with several tribes of Indians, and their allegiance secured to the 
United States. In 1817, an effort was made to extinguish the Indian title to 
lands in Ohio, b^^t the absence of the Miamis from the council, held at the 
rapids of the Maumee in September, prevented. Cass and McArthur, however, 
purchased of the Indians nearly the whole northwestern portion of ihe State, 
estimated at 3,694,540 acres, exclusive of reservations, paying therefor the sum 
of $140,893, or three cents and eight mills per acre. 

Mention will now be made of three individuals known to the early history 
of this region, two of whom had much to do with the affairs of the country 
in their time: 

The Pipe, or Capt. Pipe, as known to history, was one of the most savage 
enemies of the Americans. In 1764, he was ca.ptured, and detained at Fort 
Pitt until Bouquet dictated terms of peace to the Delawares and Shawanese on 
the Muskingiim, when he was set at liberty. Pipe's Indian name was 
Kogieschquanoheel, and he was the principal Captain of the Wolf tribe of the 
Delawares, becoming afterward its tribal chief. After Pontiac's war, until 
1780, his tribe was at peace with the Americans, but with the breaking-out of 
the Revolution, Capt. Pipe became a prominent actor in the field against the 
country. His home was then upon the Walhonding, about fifteen miles above 



•J'lO lUSTOUV OF rSU^N OOUNTV. 

wbnt is now CosQiooton. Ho was tho bittor onomv o{ tho Moraviau mission 
arios. At tho closo of tho l\ovohition,ho ohan>;oJ oroatlv. audadvooatod poaco 
with tho Aniorioans in tho oounoils of his nation, whioh had drawn baok to 
tho Mannioo Hivor. AUhou^h ho foni^'ht aijaiust Hannar in tb.o fall of 17iH>. 
ho Yot iK^iiwl and ailvooatod a oossation of hostilitios. bnt his advico was nn 
hoodod. His arm was fairly woariod with slan>;htor at St. Clair's dofoat in 
ITiU. " A ojrand ivnnoil of noarlv all tho Northwostorn tribos assombkxi in tho 
antnmn of 1TU2, at tho ooutlnonoo of tho Anglai/o and tho Alanmoo Kivors, 
vvhovo tho town of Dofianoo now stands, to tako into oousidoratiou tho coudi 
tiou of at\aii"s in tho Vuitod States. Tho ivsnlt was tliat tho Indians aj^rood 
to hold a troatv with Conunissionors of tho now (Tovornmont tho next snmmor. 
Tho warriors again gathorod npon tho ^Tanmoo. aitd I'ho Pipo was amon^if tho 
foromost advocates for poaco. Bnt tho nations declared for war. and the 
I'uitod States sent against them an army, nnder the eonnuand of the heroic 
Anthony \\'ayne. by whom they were reduced to entire submission. Capt. 
ripe did not live to witi\ess the total defeat of tho coufedoi-ato tribes, on the 
'20th of Augttst. 17^U, npoi\ the banks of the Maumee. by that victorious Geii- 
ei*al. Ho died a few days previous."* 

Simon Girty. tho notorious renegade, who deserted to tho British because 
he faih\l to stKniro a Captaincy in the American regulaits early in 1T7S. was 
the man who stirrini np the worst feelings of tho savages, and fought with 
them in many a tierce fray with his discarded countrymen. The only good 
dtH">d related of hint after his desertion is the rosette of Simon Kenton from 
death at tho stake at AVapatomica, in September. 1T7S. At tho conference in 
17V>2. after St. Clair's defeat, just mentioned, he was the only white man 
allowed to be present, and there " his voice was still for war." At a second 
conference, in 17*.^8, it was mainly through his exertions that continued hos- 
tilities were decided npon. The power of tho Indians was broken by ^Vayne 
in 1704, and it is said that when the tight o<xnirred at the " Fallen Timbers," 
on the '20th of August in that year. Girty and Lis companions, Elliott and 
McKee, " kept at a resptvtablo distance from the contest, near the river." He 
tinally removed to a farm near Maiden, below Detroit, on the Canadian shore 
of the river, and dii\l there in ISIS. aged ovor seventy years, des}nsed by all 
his countrymen and most of those who were familiar Avith the story of his 
tre{\chery. 

John Slover, one of the prisoners capituwl at the Crawford retreat in 
June, 17S2, was tinally taken to the Mac-a-chack town, near tlie present site 
of M'est Liberty. Logan Co.. Ohio. He was prepai'ed for burning, being 
stripped and painte^i black, but in the night made his escape, jumpev^l on the 
back of a horse, arid made his way rapidly eastward, throtxgh the center of 
what is now I'uion Cottnty, and on toward his home in rennsylvania, which 
he tinally reached. Ho is the only one of the members of that ill-fatoil ex- 
pedition known positively to have crossed the territory now inclitded in the 
Cotmty of I'niou. 

The following, written by Col. John Johnston, and here t;iken from 
Howe's Ohio, is an account of an Indian council held at I'pper Sandusky in 
ISIS. on the occasion of the death of a celebrated Wyandot chief, namoii 
Tarhe — or. as Judge Bttrnet gives it, Tarkee. " The Crane." It was wi-itten in 
lS4t>: 

"Twenty-eight yeai^s ago. on the death of the great chief of the "Wyandots. 
I was invited to attend a general conncil of all the tribes of Ohio, the Dela- 
wares of Indiaita and the Senecas of Xew York, at Upper Sandusky. I found. 
on arriving at the place, a very huge attendance. Among the chiefs was the 



III.STOKV OF UNION COUNTV. 251 

not<;d loacl<;r und orator Hod Jacket, from Buffalo. The fir.st businesfidone was 
the Hpoaker of tLe nation delivering an oration on the character of the decerned 
chief. Then followed what might be called a monofly, or ceremony, of mourn- 
ing and lamentation. Thus seats were arranj^ed from end to end of a lar^^e 
councxl-hou.se, about six feet apart. The head men and the aj^ed took their 
seats facing each oth'.T, st/x.iping down, their heads almost touching. In that 
position they remained for several hours. L>eep, heavy and long-continued 
groans would commence at one end of the row of mourners, and so pass round 
until all had rf^pondf.'d, and these repeated at int«r\als of a few minutf^-s. T*he 
Indians were all washed, and had no paint or decorations of any kind uj>on 
their jxjrsons, their countenances and general deportment denoting the deepest 
mourning. I had never witnessed anything of the kind before and was told 
this ceremony was not performed but on the decease of some great man. 
After the period of mourning and lamentation was over, the Indians procee^led 
U) business. There were present the Wyandots, Shawanese.Delawares.Senecas, 
Ottawas and Mohawks. The business was entirely confined to their own 
affairs, and the main topic related to their lands and the claims of the rf:rspect- 
ive tribes. It was evident, in the course of the discassion, that the p>resence 
of myself and people (there were some white men with me) was not acceptable 
to some of the parties, and allusions were nmde so direct to myself that I was 
constrained Uj notice them, Vjy saying that I came there as the guest of the 
Wyandots, Vjy their special invitation: that, as the agent of the United States, 
I had a right to be there or anywhere else in the Indian country; and that if 
any insult was offered t<j myself or my people, it would be resented and pun- 
ished. Ked Jacket was the principal speaker, and was intemperate and per- 
sonal in his remarks. Accusations, pro and con, were made h>y the different 
parties, accusing each other of being foremost in selling lands to the Unit*'d 
States. The Shawanese were particularly marked out as more guilty than any 
other; that they were the last coming into the Ohio country, and, although 
they had no right but by permission of the other tribes, they were always the 
foremost in selling lands. This brought the Shawanese out, who retorted, 
through their head chief, the Black Hoof, on the Senecas and ^Vyandots with 
f jointed severity. The discussion was long continued, calling out some of the 
ablest sf)eakers, and Avas distinguished for al)ility, cutting sarcasm and research 
— going far back int^j the hi.stxjry of the natives, their wars, alliances, nego- 
tiations, migrations, etc. I had attended many councils, treaties and gather- 
ings of the Indians, but never in my life did I witness such an outpouring of 
native oratory and eloquence, of severe rebuke, taunting national and personal 
reproaches. The council broke up late, in great confusion, and in the worst 
possiVjle feeling. A circumstance occurred toward the close, which more than 
anything else exhibited the Vjad feeling prevailing. In handing aruund the 
wamj^um belt, the emblem of amity, peace and good will, when presented to 
one of the chiefs he would not touch it with his fingers, but passed it on a stick 
U) the person next him. A greater indignity, agreeable to Indian etiquette, 
could not V^e offered. The next day appeared to be one of unusual anxiety 
and despondency among the Indians. They could be seen in groups every- 
where near the coancil-house, m deep consultation. They had acted foolishly 
— were sorry; but the difficulty was, who would first present the olive Vjranch. 
The council convened late and was very full: silence prevailed for a long time; 
at last the aged chief of the Shawanese, the Black Hoof, arose — a man of great 
influence and a celebrated orator. He told the assembly they had acted like 
children, and not men, on yesterday; that he and his people were sorry for the 
words that had been spoken, and which had done so much harm: that he came 
into the council by the unanimous desire of his people present to recall those 



252 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

foolish words, and did there take them back — handing strings of wampnm, 
which passed round and was received by all with the greatest satisfaction. 
Several of the principal chiefs delivered speeches to the same effect, handing 
round wampum in turn, and in this manner the whole difficulty of the preced- 
ing day was settled, and to all appearances forgotten. The Indians are very 
courteous and civil to each other, and it is a rare thing to see their assemblies 
disturbed by unwise or ill-timed remarks. I never witnessed it except on the 
occasion here alluded to; and it is more than probable that the presence of 
myself and other white men contributed toward the unpleasant occurrence. I 
could Qot but admire the genuine philosophy and good sense displayed by men 
whom we call .savages, in the transaction of their public business: and how 
much we might profit in the halls of our legislatures by occasionally taking for 
our examples the proceedings of the great Indian council at Sandusk}^" 

THE STORY OF JONATHAN ALDER. 

Many of the people living in this locality are more or less familiar with 
the history of this man. but it will not be out of place to give an account of 
him here, taken principally from Howe's Ohio: 

Jonathan Alder n'as born in New Jersey, about eight miles from Philadel- 
phia, September 17, 1773. When at about the age of seven years, his parents 
removed to Wythe County, Va. , and his father soon after died. In the succeed- 
ing March (1782), while out with his brother David, hunting for a mare and 
her colt, he was taken prisoner by a small party of Indians. His brother, on 
the first alarm, ran, and was pursued by some of the party. " At length," 
says Alder, "I saw them returning, leading my brother, while one was holding 
the handle of a spear +hat he had thrown at him and run into his body. As 
they appi'oached, one of them stepped up and grasped him around the body, 
while another pulled out the spear. I observed some Hesh on the end of it, 
which looked white, which I supposed came from his entrails. I moved to him 
and inquired if he was hurt, and he replied that he was. These were the last 
words that passed between us. At that moment he turned pale and began to 
sink, and I was hurried on, and shortly after saw one of the barbarous 
wretches coming up with the scalp of mv brother in his hand, shaking off the 
blood." 

The Indians, having also taken prisoner a Mrs. Martin, a neighbor to the 
Alders, with a young child, aged about four or five years, retreated toward 
their towns. Their route lay through the woods to the Big Sandy, down that 
stream to the Ohio, which they crossed, and from thence went overland to the 
Scioto, near Chillicothe, and so on to a Mingo village on Mad River. Finding 
the child of Mrs. Martin burdensome; they soon killed and scalped it. The 
last member of her family was now destroyed, and she screamed in agonj- of 
grief. Upon this, one of the Indians caught her by her hair, and, drawing 
the edge of his knife across her forehead, cried, "' Sculp! sculp!" with the 
hope of stilling her cries. But, indifferent to life, she continued her screams, 
when they procured some switches and whipped her until she was silent. The 
next day, young Alder having not risen, through fatigue, from eating, at the 
moment the word was given, saw, as his face was toward the north, the shadow 
of a man's arm with an uplifted tomahawk. He turned, and there stood an 
Indian, ready for the fatal blow. Upon this he let down his arm, and com- 
menced feeling of his head. He afterward told Alder it had been his intention 
to kill him; but as he turned, he looked so smiling and pleasant he could not 
strike, and on feeling of his head and noticing that his hair was very black, 
the thought struck him that, if he could only get him to his tribe, he would 
make a good Indian; but that all that saved his life was the color of his hair. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 253 

After tbey crossed the Ohio, they killed a bear, and remained four days to 
dry the meat for packing and to fry out the oil, which last they put in the 
intestines, having first tm-ned and cleaned them. The village to which Alder 
was taken belonged to the Mingo tribe, and was on the north side of Mad 
Kiver, which, we should judge, was somewhere within or near the limits of 
what is now Logan County. As he entered, he was obliged to I'un the gauntlet, 
formed by young children armed with switches. He passed through this 
ordeal with little or no injmy, and was adopted into an Indian family. His 
Indian mother thoroughly washed him with soap and warm water with herbs 
in it, previous to di-essing him in the Indian costume, consisting of a calico 
shirt, breech-clout, leggins and moccasins. The family, having thus converted 
him into an Indian, were much pleased with their new member. But Jonathan 
was at first very homesick, thinking of his mother and brothers. Everything 
was strange about him; he was unable to speak a word of their language; their 
food disagreed with him, and, child-like, he used to go out daily for a month 
and sit under a large walnvxt tree near the village, and cry for hours at a time 
over his deplorable situation. His Indian father was a chief of the Mingo 
tribe, named Succohanos; his Indian mother was named Whinecheoh, and 
their daughters respectively answered to the good old English names of Maiy, 
Hannah and Sally. Succohanos and Whinecheoh were old people, and had 
lost a son, in whose place they had adopted Jonathan. They took pity on the 
little fellow, and did their best to comfort him; telling him that he would 
one day be restored to his mother and brothers. He says of them, " they could 
not have used their own son better, for which they shall always be held in 
most grateful remembrance by me." His Indian sister Sally, however, treated 
him like a slave, and when oiat of humor, applied to him, in the Indian 
tongue, the unladylike epithet of "onorary [mean], lousy prisoner!" 
Jonathan for a time lived with Mary, who had become the wife of the 
chief Col. Lewis.* "In the fall of the year," says he, "the Indians would 
generally collect at our camp, evenings, to talk over their hunting expeditions. 
I would sit up to listen to their stories, and frequently fell asleep just where I 
was sitting. After they left, Mary would fix my bed, and with Col. Lewis 
would carefully take me up and carry me to it. On these occasions they would 
often say — supposing me to be asleep — 'Poor fellow! We have sat up too 
long for him, and he has fallen asleep on the cold ground; ' and then how 
softly would they lay me down and cover me up. Oh, never have I, nor can 
I. express the afiection I had for these two persons." 

Jonathan, with other boys, went into Mad River to bathe, and on one 
occasion came near drowning. He was taken out senseless, and some time 
elapsed ere he recovered. He says: "I remember, after I got over my strangle, 
I became very sleepy, and thought I could draw my breath as well as ever. 
Being overcome with drowsiness, I laid down to sleep, which was the last I 
remember. The act of drowning is nothing, but the coming to life is distres- 
sing. The boys, after they had brought me to, gave me a silver buckle, as an 
inducement not to tell the old folks of the occurrence, for fear they would not 
let me come out with them again; and so the affair was kept secret." 

When Alder had learned to speak the Indian language, he became more 
contented. He says: " I would have lived very happy, if I could have had 
health; but for three or four years I was sul)ject to very severe attacks of fever 
and ague. Their diet went very hard with me for a long time. Their chief 
living was meat and hominy; but we rarely haa bread, and very little salt, 
which was extremely scarce and dear, as well as milk and butter. Honey and 

*Also called Oapt. John Lewis; he was a noted Shawanese chief, who lived in what is now Logan County, and 
from whom the village of Lewistown derived its name. 



254 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

sugar were plentiful, and used a great deal in their cooking, as well as on 
their food." 

Wheo he was old enough, he was given an old English musket, and told 
that he must go out and learn to hunt. So he used to follow along the water- 
courses, where mud turtles were plenty, and commenced his first essay upon 
them. He generally aimed under them, as they lay basking on the rocks, and 
when he struck the stone they fl'ew sometimes several feet in the air, which 
afforded great sport for the youthful marksman. Occasionally he killed a wild 
turkey, or a raccoon, and, when he returned to the village with his game, gener- 
ally received high praise for his skill; the Indians telling him he would make 
.*' a great hunter one of these days." He had a varied experience during the 
years he remained with the Indians, and witnessed the shedding of blood 
in more khan one engagement between the whites and the savages. He also 
went on one expedition, with others, into Kentucky, to steal horses from the 
settlers. He remained with the Indians until after Wayne's treaty, in 1795. 
He was urged by them to be present on the occasion, to obtain a reservation 
of land which was to be given to each of the prisoners; but, ignorant of its 
importance, he neglected going, and lost the land. Peace having been restored, 
Alder says, " I could now lie down without fear, and rise up and shake hands 
with both the Indian and the white man." 

The summer after the treaty, while living on Big Darby, Lucas SulHvant 
made his appearance in that region, surveying land, and soon became on terms 
of intimacy with Alder, who related to him a history of his life, and gener- 
ously gave him the piece of land on which he dwelt; but, there being some 
little difficulty about the title. Alder did not contest, and so lost it. When the 
settlers first made their appearance on Darby, Alder could scarcely speak a 
word of English. He was then about twenty-four years of age, fifteen of 
which had been passed with the Indians. Two of the settlers kindly taught 
him to converse in English. He had taken up with a squaw for a wife some 
time previous, and now began to farm like the whites. He kept hogs, cows 
and horses, sold milk and butter to the Indians, horses and pork to the whites, 
and accumulated property. He soon was able to hire white laborers, and 
being dissatisfied with his squaw — a cross, peevish woman — wished to put her 
aside, get a wife from among the settlers, and live like them. Thoughts, too, 
of his mother and brothers began to obtrude, and the more he reflected, his 
desire strengthened to know if they were living, and to see them once more. 
He made inquiries for them, but was at a loss to know how to begin, being 
ignorant of the name of even the State in which they were. When talking 
one day with John Moore, a companion of his, the latter questioned him where 
he was from. Alder replied that he was taken prisoner somewhere near a 
place called Greenbrier, and that his people lived by a lead mine, to which he 
used frequently to go to see the hands dig ore. Moore then asked him if he 
could recollect the names of any of his neighbors. After a little reflection, he re- 
plied, "Yes; a family of that Gulions lived close by us." Upon this Moore dropped 
his head, as if lost in thought, and muttered to himself, " Gulion! Gulion! " 
and then raising up, replied, " My father and myself were out in that country, 
and we stopped at their house over one night, and if your people are living I can 
find them." Mr. Moore, after this, went to Wythe County, and inquired for the 
family of Alder, but without success, as they had removed from their former 
residence. He put up advertisements in various places, stating the facts, and 
where Alder was to be found, and then returned. Alder now abandoned all 
hopes of finding his family, supposing them to be dead. Some time after, he 
and Moore were at Franklinton, when he was informed there was a letter for 
him in the post office. It was from his brother Paul, stating that one of the 





^:jc<_>o«^^^-^^V-2^aD 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 257 

advertisements was put up within six miles of him, and that he got it the next 
day. It contained the joyful news that his mother and brothers were alive. 

Alder, in making preparations to start for Virginia, agreed to separate 
from his Indian wife, divide the property equally, and take and leave her with 
her own people at Sandusky. But some diflficulty occurred in satisfying her. 
He gave her all the cows, foiu-teen in number, worth $20 each, seven horses, 
and much other property, reserving to himself only two horses and the swine. 
Besides these was a small box, about six inches long, four wide and four deep, 
filled with silver, amounting, probably, to about |200, which he intended to 
take, to make an equal division; but to this she objected, saying the box was 
hers before marriage, and she woald not only have it but all it contained. 
Alder says: " I saw I could not get it without making a fuss, and probably 
having a tight, and told her that if she would promise never to trouble nor 
come back to me, she might have it; to which she agreed." 

Moore accompanied him to his brother's house, as he was unaccustomed to 
travel among the whites. They arrived there on horseback, at noon, the Sun- 
day after New Year's. They walked up to the house, and requested to have 
their horses fed, and, pretending to be entire strangers, inquired who lived 
there. " I had concluded," says Alder, " not to make myself known for some 
time, and eyed my brother very close, but did not recollect his features. I 
had always thought I should have recognized my mother, by a mole on her 
face. In the corner sat an old lady, who I supposed was her, although I could 
not tell, for when I was taken by the Indians her head was as black as a crow, 
and now it was almost perfectly white. Two young women were present, who 
eyed me veiy close, and I heard one of them whisper to the other, ' He looks 
very much like Mark' (my brother). I saw they were about to discover me, 
and accordingly turned my chair around to my brother and said, ' You say 
your name is Alder ? ' 'Yes,' he replied, ' my name is Paul Alder. ' 'Well,' 
I rejoined, 'my name is Alder, too.' Now, it is hardly necessary to describe 
our feelings at that time; but they were very different from those I had when 
I was taken prisoner, and saw the Indian coming with my brother's scalp in his 
hand, shaking off the blood. When I told my brother that my name was Alder, 
he rose to shake hands with me, so overjoyed that he could scarcely utter a 
word, and my old mother ran, threw her arms around me, whiln tears rolled 
down her cheeks. The first words she spoke, after she grasped me in her 
arms, were, " How you have grown! ' and then she told me of a dream she had. 
Says she: 'I dreamed that you had come to see me, and that you was a little, 
onorary [mean] looking fellow, and I would not own you for my son; but now 
I find I was mistaken — that it is entirely the reverse — and I am proud to own 
you for my son.' I told her I could remind her of a few circumstances that 
she would recollect, that took place before I was made captive. I then related 
various things, among which was that the negroes, on passing our house on 
Satui-day evenings, to spend Sundays with their wives, would beg pumpkins of 
her, and get her to roast them for them against their return on Monday morn- 
ing. She recollected these circumstances, and said now she had no dovibt of 
my being her son. We passed the balance of the day in agreeable conversa- 
tion, and I related to them the history of my captivity, my fears and doubts, of 
my grief and misery the first year after I was taken. My brothers at this time 
were all married, and Mark and John had moved from there. They were sent 
for, and came to see me. but my half-brother, John, had moved so far tlia": I 
never got to see him at all." 

Jonathan Alder is well remembered by the older settlers now living in the 
county, and principally., perhaps, by those whose homes have been along the 
Big Darby Creek, in Jerome and Darby Townships. Benjamin Springer set- 



258 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

tied near him and taught him the English language, and Alder reciprocated by 
supplying him and other pioneers with meat, and he is said to have saved some 
of the settlers, on different occasions, from being killed by the Indians. 
Joshua Ewing brought four sheep to his place in 1800, and these were strange 
animals to the Indians. An Indian, accompanied by his dog, was one day 
passino- by, when the dog caught one of the sheep, and was immediately shot 
bv Mr. Ewing. He would have been shot in retaliation by the Indian but for 
Alder, who was present and with much difificulty restrained him. Through the 
advice and inHuence of Alder, many of the Indians remained neutral during 
the war of 1812, and eventually became warm friends of the Americans. Dur- 
ing that war, he was one of the party which went north from about the site of 
Plain City, and built a block-house on Mill Creek, a few miles above where 
Marysville now stands. Several of the best known pioneers of the county 
assisted in constructing said building, of which not a trace now remains. 
Alder's home was for many years in Madison County.* 

THE DOOMED WYANDOT. 

The following interesting article appeared m the Hesperian, published 
at Columbus, Ohio, by William D. Gallagher and Otway Curry, in the issue 
of that magazine for May, 1838: 

" The great northern family of Indian tribes which seem to have been 
originally embraced in the generic term Ii'oquois, consisted, according to some 
writers, of two grand divisions; the eastern and the western. In the eastern 
nation were included the Five Nations, or Maquas (Mingoes), as they were 
commonly called by the Algonkin tribes, and in the western the Yendots, or 
Wyandots (nick- named Hurons by the French), and three or foiu- other nations, 
of whom a large proportion are now entirely extinct. The Yendots, after a 
loner and deadly warfare, were nearly exterminated by the Five Nations, about 
the middle of the seventeenth century. Of the survivors, a part sought refuge 
in Canada, where their descendants still remain; a few are incorporated among 
the different tribes of the conquerors, and the remainder, consisting chiefly of 
the Tionontates. retired to Lake Superior. In consequence of the disastrous 
wars in which they afterward became involved with other powerful nations of the 
Northwestern region, they again repaired to the vicinity of their old hanting- 
grounds. With this remnant of the original Huron or Wyandot nation, were 
united some scattered fragments of other broken -up tribes of the same stock; and, 
though comparatively few iu number, they continued for a long period to assert 
successfully the right of sovereignty over the whole extent of country between 
the Ohio Eiver and the lakes, as far west as the territory of the Piankeshaws, 
or Miamis, whose eastern boundary was probably an irregular line drawn 
through the valleys of the Great Miami (Shi-me-am-ee) and the Ottawah-sepee, 
or Maumee River of Lake Erie. The Shawanese and the Delawares, it is 
believed, were occupants of a part of the fore-mentioned country, merely by 
sufferance of the Wyandots, whose right of dominion seems never to have been 
called in question, excepting by the Mingoes, or Five Nations. The Shaw- 
anese were originally powerful, and always warlike. Kentucky received its 
name from them, in the course of their migrations between their former place 
of residence on the Suwanee River, adjacent to the southern sea-coast and the 
territory of the Yendots in the north. The name (Kan-tuck-ee) is compounded 
fi*om the Shawanese, and signifies a land or place at the head of a river. 

"The chosen place of residence of the Wyandots was, at an early period, as 

, s 

*ZMchariah Noteman, now residing near Plain City, states positively that Alder also lived for a time In what i 
now Union County, and he (Noteman) knows the exact spot where his residence stood. He lived here before going 
to Madii<on County. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 259 

it is now [1838J, on the waters of the Saun-dus-tee, or Sandusky. Though 
greatly reduced in number, they have, perhaj)s, attained a higher degree of civ- 
ilization than any other tribe in the vicinity of the northwestern lakes. For the 
following specimen of the Wyandot language, and for the greater part of the 
statements given above, we are indebted to the Archoeologia Americana : 

One Scat. If rains Ina-un-un-se. 

Tjco Tindee. Thunder Heno. 

Three Shaiglit. Lightniny Tini-men-diquas. 

Four An-daglit. Earth Umalgbtsagh. 

Five Wee-isli. Deer Ough-scan-oto. 

Six Wau-shau. Bear Anu-e. 

keven Soo-tare. Raccoon Ha-in-te-roh. 

Eight Au-taria. Fox The-na-in-ton-to. 

A' me Ain-tru. Beaver Soo-taie. 

Ttn Augh, SHgli. Mink So-hoh-main-dia. 

Tnmity Ten-deit-a-waugh-sa. Turliey Daigh-ton-tah. 

Thirty Shaigli-ka-waugh-sa. Hquirrel Ogh-ta-eh. 

Forty An-daugh-ka-waugh-sa. Otter Ta-wen-deh. 

Fifty Wee-ish-a-vvaugh-sa. Doy Yun-ye-noh. 

/Sixty Wau-shau-waugh-sa. Cufo Kiu-ton-squa-ront. 

tSen^uty Soo-tare-waugh-sa. Horse I^h-shut-te. 

Eighty An-tarai-waugli-sa. troo.se 1 ali-hounk. 

Ninety Ain-tru-waugli-sa. Duck Yu-in-geh. 

One Hundred Scute-niain-gar-we. Man Aui-ga-hon. 

God Ta-main-de-zue. Woman, Uteh-ke. 

Good Ye-waugh-ste. (jlirJ Ya-weet-sen-tho. 

Bad Waugh-slie. Boy Oma-int-sent-e-hah. 

Devil Degli-shu-re-noh. Child Che-ah-liah. 

Heaven Yah-roh-nia. Old Man Ha-o-tong. 

Hell Degh-shunt. Old Woman Ut-sin-dag-sa. 

iSini Ya-an-des-lira. My Wife Aznt-tun-oli-oli. 

Moon Waugh-sunt-ya-an-des-rM. Corn Nay-hah. 

IStaj's Tegli-shu. Beans Yah-re-sah. 

iSky Cagh-ro-iiiate. Potatoes Da-vveen-dah. 

Cloud'. Oght-se-rah. Melons Oh-nngli-sa. 

Wind Izu-(iuas. Grass E-ru-ta. 

"The foregoing sketch of the history and language oP the Wyandots, 
though certainly not strictly necessaiy. will, it is ho])ed, be deemed not 
altogether inappropriate as an introduction to the following brief narrative of 
the circumstances attending the death of a chief of that nation. The partic- 
ulars have been recently communicated by p'jrsons who were eye-witnesses of 
the execution, and may be relied on as perfectly accurate: 

" In the evening of the 1st day of June, in the year 1810, there came six 
Wyandot warriors to the house of Mr. Benjamin Sells, on the Scioto Kiver, 
about twelve miles above the spot where now stands the city of Columbus. 
They were equipped in the most warlike manner, and exhibited during their 
stay an unusual degree of agitation. Having ascertained that an old v\ yandot 
chief, for whom they had been making diligent inquiry, was then encamped at 
a distance of about two miles farther up the west bank of the rivei', they ex- 
pressed a determination to put liim to death, and immediately went off in the 
direction of his lodge. These facts were communicated, early in the ensuing 
morning, to Mr. John Sells, who now resides in the village of Dublin, on the 
Scioto, about two miles from the place where the doomed Wyandot met his 
fate. Mr. Sells immediately proceeded up the river, on horseback, in quest of 
the Indians. He soon arrived at the lodge, which he found situated in a grove 
of sugar trees, close to the bank of the rivei'. The six warriors were seated, in 
consultation, at the distance of a few rods from the lodge. The old chief was 
with them, evidently in the character of a prisoner. His arras were confined 
by a small cord, but he sat with them without any manifestation of uneasiness. 
A few of the neighboring white men were likewise there, and a gloomy look- 



260 HISTORY OF UNIOxN COUNTY. 

ing Indian who had been the companion of the chief, but now kept entirely- 
aloof — sitting sullenly in the camp. Mr. Sells approached the Indians, and 
found them earnestly engaged in debate. A charge of ' witchcraft ' had been 
made, at a former time, against the chief, by some of his captors, whose 
friends had been destroyed, as they believed, by means of his evil powers. 
This crime, according to the immemorial usage of the tribe, involved a for- 
feiture of his life. The chances of a hunter's life had brought the old man to 
his present location, and his pursuers had sought him out, in order that they 
might execute upon him the sentence of their law. The council was of two or 
three hours' duration. The accusing party spoke alternately, with much cere- 
mony, but with evident bitterness of feeling. The prisoner, in his replies, was 
eloquent though dispassionate. Occasionally a smile of scorn would appear, 
for an instant, on his countenance. At the close of the consultation, it was 
ascertained that they had re-afiu'med the sentence of death which had been 
before passed upon the chief. Inquiry having been made, by some of the 
white men, with reference to their arrangements, the captain of the six war- 
riors pointed to the sun, and signified to them that the execution would take 
place at one o'clock in the afternoon Mr. Sells went to the captain and asked 
him what the chief had done. ' Very bad Indian,' he replied; 'make good 
Indian sick — make horse sick — make die — very bad chief.' Mr. Sells then 
made an eifort to persuade his white friends to rescue the victim of supersti- 
tion from his im}>ending fate, but to no purpose. They were then in a frontier 
situation, entirely open to the incursions of the Northern tribes, and were, con- 
sequently, unwilling to subject themselves to the displeasure of their savage 
visitors by" an interference with their operations. He then proposed to release 
the chief by purchase — ofi'ering to the captain, for that pui'pose, a fine horse, 
of the value of S300. ' Let me him see.' said the Indian. The horse was 
accordingly brought forward, and closely examined; and so much were they 
staggered by this proposition, that they again repaired to their place of consul- 
tation, and remained in council a considerable length of time before it was 
finally rejected. The conference was again terminated, and five of the Indians 
began to amuse themselves with running, jumping and other athletic exercises. 
The captain took no part with them. When again inquired of as to the time 
of execution, he pointed to the sun, as before, and indicated the houi' of four. 
The prisoner then walked slowly to his camp, partook of a dinner of jerked 
venison, washed and arrayed himself in his best apparel, and afterward painted 
his face. His di-ess was very rich, his hair gray, and his whole a])pearance 
graceful and commanding. At his request the whole company drew around 
him at the lodge. He had observed the exertions made by Mr. Sells in his 
behalf, and now presented to him a written paper, with a request that it might 
be read to the company. It was a recommendation, signed by Gov. Hull, and 
in compliance with the? request of the prisoner it was fixed and left upon the 
side of a large tree, at a short distance from the wigwam. 

" The hour of execution being close at hand, the chief shook hand^. in 
silence with the surrounding spectators. On coming to Mr. Sells, he appeared 
much moved — grasped his hand warmly — spoke for a few minutes in the 
Wyandot language, and pointed to the heavens. Ho then turned fi-om the 
wigwam, and with a voice of sm*passing strength and melody commenced the 
chant of the death-soug. He was followed closely by the Wyandot warriors, 
all timing, with their slow and measm-ed march, the music of his wild and 
melancholy dirge. The white men were all, likewise, silent followers in that 
strange procession. At the distance of seventy or eighty yards from the camp, 
they came to a shallow grave, which, unknown to the white men, had been 
previously prepared by the Indians. Here the old man knelt down, and in an 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 261 

elevated but solemn tone of voice adtU-essed his prayer to the Great Spirit. 
As soon as he had finished, the captain of the Indians knelt beside him, and 
prayed in a similar manner. Their prayers, of course, were spoken in the 
Wyandot tongue. When they arose, the captain was again accosted by Mr. 
Sells, who insisted that if they were inflexible in the determination to shed 
blood, they should at least remove their victim beyond the limits of the white 
settlements. 'No! ' said he; very sternly, and with evident displeasure; 'no — 
good Indian 'fraid — he no go with this bad man — mouth give fire in the dark 
night — good Indian 'fraid — he no go! My friend,' he continued, 'me tell 
you — white man bad man — white man kill him — Indian say nothing.' Find- 
ing all interference futile, Mr. Sells was at length compelled, reluctantly, to 
abandon the old man to his fate. After a few moments" delay, he again sank 
down upon his knees and prayed, as he had done before. When he»had ceased 
praying, he still continued in a kneeling position. All the rifles belonging to 
the party had been left at the wigwam. There was not a weapon of any kind 
to be seen at the place of execution, and the spectators were consequently 
unable to form any conjecture as to the mode of procedure which the execu- 
tioners had determined on for the fulfillment of their purpose. Suddenly, one 
of the warriors drew from beneath the skin of his capote a keen, bright toma 
hawk, walked rapidly up behind the chieftain, brandished the weapon on high 
for a single moment, and then struck with his whole strength. The blow 
descended directly upon the crown of the head, and the victim immediately 
fell prostrate. After he had laid awhile in the agonies of death, the Indian 
captain directed the attention of the white mtm to the drops of sweat which 
were gathering upon his neck and face, remai'king, with miich apparent exulta- 
tion, that it was conclusive proof of the sufierer's guilt. Again the executioner 
advanced, and with the same weapon inflicted two or three additional and 
heavy bloAvs. As soon as life was entirely extinct, the body was hastily buried, 
with all its apparel and decorations, and the assemblage dispersed. The 
Wyandots returned immediately to their hunting-grounds, and the white men 
to their homes. The murdered chief was known among the whites by the 
name of Leatherlips. Around the spot where his bones repose, the towering 
forest has now given place to the grain field, and the soil above him has for 
years been fuiTowed and re -furrowed by the plowshare." 

In "Thatcher's Indian Biography," as stated by Mr. Ckirry, the Indian 
name of the old chief is given as Shateyaronrah, and Tecumseh and his 
brother, the Prophet (Elskwatawa) were his accusers. By the same authority, 
it appears that the famous chief Tarhe, or the Crane, was the leader of the 
band of Wyandots who executed the unfortunate chieftain. This would hardly 
seem probable from most evidence, and in Drake's Life of Tecumseh it is 
stated, in connection with this incident, that " the six Wyandots who put him 
to death were headed, it is supposed, by the chief, Roundhead." 

THE LAST INDIANS SEEN IN JEROME TOWNSHIP. 

Col. W. L. Curry furnishes the following account of the last Indians seen 
in the township of Jerome: 

"Sugar Run Falls, on the lands of Col. James Curry, was, in the early 
days, a beautiful and attractive place. The stream wound its way through a 
little valley, shaded by burr oaks and black walnut timber, and, surrounded as 
it was by good hunting and fishing grounds, it was a favorite place for the 
Indians in the early years of the present century. The old Indian trace, lead- 
ing from the W^yandot nation south, ran past the Falls, and the Indians con- 
tinued to travel this route after there was quite a settlement along Sugar 
Run. 



262 HISTORY OF UNIOiN COUNTY. 

" The last Indians who ^'isited this vicinity came about the year 1816-17, 
In the early spring, four Indians came from the north, and encamped at the 
Falls for a few days. They visited Col. Curry's house, and, as usual, were 
supplied from his table, as he was well known to all the Indians passing along 
this route, and he was one in whom they had great confidence. AVhen they 
left the Falls they separated, two following the old trail and two traveling in 
a southwesterly direction. In a few weeks, two of them again reached the 
Falls, and had with them an Indian pony. They remained a day or two, and 
their two companions not arriving (it is supposed this was to be their place of 
meeting), they then stripped the bark from a burr oak tree, and, taking yellow 
keel, which was in great abu.ndance along the stream, traced on the trunk of 
the tree in rude characters, an Indian leading a pony, while another Indian 
was in the rear with a gun on his shoulder and the ramrod in his hand, as if 
in the act of driving the pony, traveling northward. This done, they covered 
their camp fire and took the old Indian trail north. A few evenings after their 
departure, their two comrades arrived from the south, and, learning by the 
drawings on the tree that their companions had joreceded them, they remained 
over night and the next morning took the trace and moved rapidly north. And 
thus the last Indians ever seen on the southern border of Union County took 
their departure from their once happy hunting grounds." 



CHAPTER III. 



THE VIRGIXIA MILITARY DISTRICT. 

Origin of Titlk— Exploiiations and Surveys— Pkomtnent Surveyors— First 
Settlements in the District. 

SEPTEM] jER 13, 1783. Congress stated the terms on which a cession of the 
land belonging to Virginia, for the beuefit of the General Government, 
would be accepted. The Virginians acceded to the terms, and on the 20th of 
December authorized their delegates to make a deed to the United States of 
all their right in the territory northwest of the River Ohio — "Upon condition 
that the territory so ceded shall be laid out and formed into States, containiucr 
a suitable extent of territory, not less than one hundred nor more than one 
hundred and fifty miles square. or as near thereto as circumstances will admit; 
and that the States so formed shall be distinct republican States, and ad- 
mitted members of the Federal Union, having the same rights of sovereignty, 
freedom and independence as the other States. 

" That the reasonable and necessary expenses incurred by this State in 
subduing any British posts, or in maintaining forts and garrisons within, and 
for the defense, or in acquiring any part of the territory so ceded or relin- 
quished, shall be fully reimbursed by the United States; and that one Com- 
missioner shall be appointed by Congress, one by this Commonwealth and an- 
other by those two Commissioners, who, or a majority of them, shall be author- 
ized and empowered to adjust and liquidate the account of the necessary and 
reasonable expenses incurred by this State, which they shall judge to be com- 
prised within the intent and meaning of the act of Congress of the tenth 
of October, one thousand seveu hundred and eighty, respecting such expenses. 
That the French and Canadian inhabitants, and other settlers of the Kaskas 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 263 

kies. St. Vincents and the neighboring villages, who have professed themselves 
citizens of Virginia, shall have their possessions and titles conhrmed to them, 
and be protected in the enjoyment of their rights and liberties. That 
a quantity not exceeding one hundred and fifty thousand acres of land, 
promised by this State, shall be allowed and granted to the then Colonel, 
now General George Rogers Clark, and to the officers and soldiers of his 
regiment, who marched with him when the posts of Kas]i:askies and St. Vin- 
cents were reduced, and to the officers and soldiers that have since been incor- 
porated into the said regiment, to be laid off in one tract, the length of which 
not to exceed double the breadth, in such place, on the northwest side of the 
Ohio, as a majority of the officers shall choose, and to be afterward divided 
among the said officers and soldiers in due proportion, according to the laws 
of Virginia. That in case the quantity of good land on the southeast side of 
the Ohio, upon the waters of the Cumberland River, and between the Green 
River and Tennessee River, which has been reserved by law for the Virginia 
troops upon continental establishment, should, from the North Carolina line, 
bearing in further upon the Cumberland lands than was expected, prove in- 
sufficient for their legal bounties, the deficiency should be made up to the said 
troops, in good lands, to be laid off between the Rivers Scioto and Little 
Miami, on the northwest side of the River Ohio, in such proportions as have 
been engaged to them by the laws of Virginia. That all the lands within the 
territory so ceded to the United States, and not reserved for or appropriated 
to any of the before-mentioned purposes, or disposed of in bounties to the 
officers and soldiers of the American Army, shall be considered a common fund 
for the use and benefit of such of the United States as have become, or shall 
become, members of the confederation or federal alliance of the said States, 
Virginia inclusive, according to their usual respective proportions in the gen- 
eral charge and expenditure, and shall be faithfully and bona fide disposed of 
for that purpose, and for no other use or purpose whatsoever."* 

In agreement with these conditions, a deed was made March 1, 1784, and 
accepted by Congress. 

April 20, 1852, Hon. Benjamin Stanton, of Ohio, then in Congress from 
the district which included Union County, delivered a speech in opposition to 
the passage of " A bill to fui'ther extend the time for locating military war- 
rants and returning surveys thereon to the General Land Office, " in which he 
included the following facts: 

During the Revolution, Virginia raised sixteen regiments which she fur- 
nished to the continental army, and which were called the " Virginia line on 
continental establishment;" also, three regiments for the more immediate de- 
fense of the State, which were under control of the State authorities and wore 
called the "State line;" also twenty or twenty-five small vessels of war, called 
the "State navy," equal to one regiment of land forces; also several "partisan 
corps," such as troops of cavahy, battalions and legions of infantry, and artil- 
lery companies, equal in the aggregate to two regiments, making twenty-two 
regiments in all. At the earnest solicitation of the Continental Congress and 
Gen. Washington, she held out the strongest inducements to her people to 
enter the service, by offering large bounties in land to such as would enlist 
and serve for three years or during the war. The State Legislature, from 
1778 to 1784, passed various laws providing as bounties for her officers who 
had enlisted, or should enlist, for three years or during the war, the following 
amounts of land: 

For a Major General 15,000 acres. 

For a Brigadier General 10,000 acres. 

* Auuals of the West, from Land Laws, p. 98. 



264 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

For a Colonel 5,000 acres. 

For a Lieutenant Colonel 4,500 acres. 

For a Major 4,000 acres. 

For a Captain 3,000 acres. 

For a Subaltern 2,000 acres. 

For a Non-commissioned officer 400 acres. 

For a soldier or sailor 200 acres. 

This was for soldiers who served duriup^ the war. For three years' service, 
eaoh non-commissioned officer received 200 acres, and each soldier or sailor 100 
acres. The heirs of any officer or soldier who died in the service were entitled 
to the same as their relatives would have been had they served through the 
war. Warrants were to be issued by the Governor upon proof of service. In 
May, 1779, a tract bounded by Green River, the Cumberland Mountains, the 
Carolina (now Tennessee) line, the Tennessee River and the Ohio River, was 
set apart by the Virginia Legislature to satisfy these warrants. In November, 
1781, a further tract of land, included within the Mississippi, Ohio and Ten- 
nessee Rivers and the Carolina line, was granted for the same purpo^ie and 
said to be in lieu of a part of the former tract which had fallen to Carolina in 
the extension of the Carolina line westward. In 1784, Virginia ceded to the 
United States all the land claimed by her, exclusive of the tract north of the 
Ohio River, between the Scioto and Little Miami Rivers, reserved to satisfy 
any unsatisfied balance of land that might be due to soldiers of the Virginia 
line on Continental establishment, after exhausting the Kentucky reservation. 
In July, 1788, Congress, being satisfied that the Kentucky lands were sufficient 
for the purpose, passed a joint resolution declaring all locations between the 
Little Miami and Scioto Rivers, in Ohio, void until the deficiency in the Ken- 
tucky reservation was ascertained and established, locations having been begun 
in the Ohio reservation in August, 1787.* Soon after this, the Super- 
intendent of ■ the surveys reported to the Executive of the State of 
Virginia that the deficiency of good lands on the southeast side of 
the Ohio, contemplated by the deed of cession, had been ascertained, 
and Congress passed an act August 10, 1790, legalizing the locations 
that had been made, and prescribing the mode of perfecting the title. 
This act required the Secretary of War to furnish the Governor of Vir- 
ginia with a list containing the names of the officers and the privates 
of the Virginia troops and the aggregate number of acres to which they 
were entitled, which was done. In 1804, Congress passed an act requiring all 
lands within this district to be located within three years, prohibiting further 
locations after that time. The limit was extended from time to time there- 
after. In the portion of the militai'y lands lying north of the Greenville 
treaty line, the lands, with others, were ceded to the United States by the 
treaty of Ft. Meigs, September 29, 1817, and they became subject to entry 
July 4, 1819, and the military lands north ol said line were nearly all located 
and surveyed in the next five years. The total number of men in the Virginia 
continental line was as follows: 

Major Generals, only one of whom received bounty 2 

Brigadier Generals 13 

Colonels 47 

Lieutenant Colonels 31 

Majors 55 

Captains 372 

Lieutenants (or Subalterns) » 440 

Non-commissioned officers 258 

Soldiers 8,459 

Total 9,077 

* The military claimants of land, under the laws of Virginia, began «lipir locations in 1784. The contiiifntal 
line chose Col. Richard C. Anderson principal surveyor on their behalf in 178.3, and on the 17th of December, in that 
year, concluded with him a contract under which he opened an ollice near Louisville, Ky., July 20, 1784, and entries 
at once began. The first entry north of the Ohio, however, was not made until August 1, 17'J7. 



%-m^ 



\,M X ' X*H-*«X'«%^ 




^^^^^£lxx^i^ xyfO «^ fet^ 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 267 

Jf each one had received the lands due according to the above numbers, 
4,722,730 acres Avould have been sufficient to satisfy all claims; but by the 
year 1852, there had been located in Kentucky and Ohio, on land warrants 
and scrip issued by Congress at various times. 4,944,118 acres, or more than 
200,000 acres too much — and still there was a demand for extension of time 
on warrants, which was created entirely by sharp lawyers and speculators, who 
saw a way of making large amounts of money out of the scheme. Very much 
litigation was indulged in for many years, and the later owners of the lands 
found they had paid dearly for them. 

In perfecting a title, the practice was, after first obtaining a warrant, to 
locate the land by entering a general description thereof upon the books of the 
principal surveyor. The land was afterward surveyed by the surveyor or his 
deputy. The survey, with the warrant — or certified copy — were then for- 
warded to the general land office at Washington, and from thence a patent 
issued. The last act limiting the time for a return of surveys was passed on 
the 3d of March, 1855. It gave the further time of two years to those holding 
lands by entries made prior to January 1, 1852, to have the same surveyed and 
patented. After the expiration of these two years tbe unappropriated lands 
became the property of the United States. February 18, 1871, that portion 
of these lands remaining unsuiweyed and unsold was ceded by the United 
States to the State of Ohio; and in March, 1872, the Legislature gave them 
to the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College. An article in the Marys- 
ville Tribune of October 4, 1882, taken fx'om the Kenton Republican, upon 
"Quiet Titles," contains the following language: 

"It was clearly the intention of Congress to convey to the State of Ohio 
only such lands as were unappropriated. But in addition to unappropriated 
lands, which were comparatively small in amount, there were and are in the 
Virginia Militaiy District not less than 130,000 acres of land which have 
never been patented; 30,000 acres of it rest in entries and surveys alone; 
100,000 acres of it rest in entries and surveys made prior to March 3, 1857. 
Besides, through the frauds of those locating and surveying lands, the amounts 
actually surveyed exceeded by from 50 to 500 per cent the amounts authorized 
by the warrants Notwithstanding the evident intention of Congress, it soon 
became appai'ent that it was the design of the Trustees of the college to claim 
under their grant not only the unappropriated lands, but the unpatented and 
fraudulent excess lands as well. A contract was made by them with an agent 
who agreed to hunt out these lands and dispossess the present occupants for 33^ 
per cent of the proceeds. Some of these lands had been occupied from ten 
to eighty years. They had been sold and resold again and again. They con- 
stituted some of the richest farming lands of the State. They were divided 
among hundreds of small owners. Valuable improvements had been made 
thereon, and to many they represented a lifetime's hard labor. " 

Hon. Henry L. Dickey spoke as follows on the subject: "The threaten- 
ing attitude of the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College toward the 
holders of these lands, together with the fact that by it caveats have been 
tiled in the General Land Office to prevent the issuing of patents even upon 
the lands that were located and surveyed three-quarters of a century ago,:is well 
calculated to disturb the farmer who for many years had paid his taxes and 
knew nothing of legislative schemes and tricks of law. In hundreds of in- 
stances, lands are held and have been for years simply upon location and sur- 
vey, and in all ' there is excess. ' Homes where the hardy pioneer bui It his 
cabin, cleared his fields, and sowed and reaped for years, and where his chil- 
dren had grown to manhood and womanhood, now in his old age the old farm, 
'the dearest spot on earth' to hi]n, where his children and his grandchildren 



268 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

retui'n to cheer his declining years and receive his fatherly blessing, is found 
to be no home. A cloud has intervened, and its darkness is more chillinsr to 
his soul than even the approach of that invisible reaper whose sickle he knows 
to be near. His home is more than shackled. Those fields are more than 
bound. The very landmarks that have grown mossy with age and peace are 
no longer pointed to with that honest pride and satisfaction which had for so 
many years been his. The despoiler has come; he would 'cause the naked to 
lodge without clothing.' and, in violation of the divine injunction, 'Thou 
shalt not remove thy neighbors landmark, which they of old time have set in 
thine inheritance, which thou shalt inherit in the land that the Lord thy God 
giveth thee to possess it,' would ' pluck the fatherless from the breast and take 
a pledge of the poor.' " 

The attention of Congress was called to the matter, and soon, action being 
necessary, an act was passed May 27, 1880, in effect limiting the rights of the 
College to the unappropriated lands. The previous acts extending the time 
for making and filing surveys had been passed chiefly through the influence of 
unprincipled speculators in military lands. Congress effectually thwarted 
their schemes in 1855, but in the act of 1880, referred to, such provisions 
were inserted as to throw open to litigation between the present occupants and 
the heirs of the original locators the whole of the 180,000 acres of unpatented 
lands, and, "having secured this legislation," says the article before quoted, 
"the land-sharks of Ohio and Virginia organized for a campaign of blackmail 
and ejectment." Much trouble ensued, and in some cases large sums were 
paid by present occupants to satisfy unjust claims. Gen. James S. Robinson, 
of Hardin Cou.nty, representing in Congress the district which included Union 
County, fought a bill through at the last session (1881-82) protecting the 
present occupants of military lands in their just rights, and has another bill 
on foot in the present Congress, gi-anting patents to the just and equitable 
owners of these lands and affording absolute protection against the endeavors 
of speculators and swindlers. Gen. Robinson's endeavors were highly appre- 
ciated by his constituents residing on the military lands, and beyond a doiibt 
aided largely in returning him to Congress in the fall of 1882. 

The Greenville treaty was concluded on the 3d of August, 1795, and its 
provisions are elsewhere given. The boundary line as then agreed upon be- 
tween the Indians and the whites passed through the lands in Ohio reserved 
by Virginia for her soldiers, and the portion thus cu.t off was not ceded by the 
red nations until 1817, as before stated. F. J. Sager, of Marysville, in an 
article read before the County Surveyors' Association, at Columbus. January 
13. 1881, includes the following interesting notes coacerning the treaty line, 
and other matters connected with the Virginia Military Lands: 

" The most important feature of this boundary to surveyors was that it 
departed from natural boundaries and involved the running of linas. The 
one which crosses what is now Central Ohio was nearly 145 miles in length; 
the point designated on the Tuscarawas River was near the present village of 
Bolivar, and in what is now the line between Tuscarawas and Stark Counties. 
The western terminus was in McLean Township, Shelby County, near the out- 
let of the Berlin reservoir. It is related that the surveyors, accompanied i>y 
several Indian chiefs, among whom was the renowned chief Little Turtle, 
commenced at the western end of this line. The surveyors, not knowing the 
position of either end of their line, were at a loss to determine their course. 
They finally determined upon the novel method of solving this difficulty by 
requesting the Indians, one at a time, to stand in the same place and point 
in the direction in which they thought the line should run. From personal 
observations on this line, and from the testimony of others, it is evident that 



HISTORY OF UNION COUxYfY. 269 

they were governed in their conrse by the magnetic needle, which was ahnost 
constantly affected by local attraction and continually threw them out of line 
either to the right or left, while the needle at any place on this line would 
uniformly indicate about 80' east of north, showing apparently a straight 
line. This line, when mentioned in the laws and records of Ohio or the United 
States, is considered and treated as a straight line, but when examined inde- 
pendent of the magnetic needle it proves to be a very crooked one. * * 
* * With all respect to those who are careful and honest in their work 
as surs'eyors, land lines, monuments and records are becoming more obscure 
and complicated. At least this is so in the irregularly surveyed districts, such 
as the Virginia Military Lands. " 

The following interesting notes on the Virginia Military Lands are from 
the "Code of Rules or Instructions for the Government of County Sarveyors," 
prepared by the Secretary of State for Ohio in 1882: 

" We have seen that Virginia, in her deed of cession of the territory north- 
west of the River Ohio, reserved certain lands on the northwest side of the 
River Ohio, to make up any deficiency which might occur in the lands on the 
southeast side of the Ohio, reserved for those who, in conformity to the laws 
of Virginia, were entitled to bounty lands. Congress of July 17, 1788, by 
resolution, declared all surveys of lands between the Scioto and Little Miami 
invalid, until it had been ascertained whether there was any deficiency in the 
lands south of the Ohio. It was also resolved that the Executive of Virginia 
be requested to inform Congress whether there has been any deficiency of good 
lands southeast of the Ohio, and if so, what amount, and whether any checks 
have been provided by that State to prevent troops taking up more lands than 
are actually due them. This resolution was repealed by act of August 10, 
1790. It appears from tbis act that the agents of the troops had reported an 
insufficiency of lands on the southeasterly side of the Ohio, and it was enacted 
that the names of those entitled to lands be returned by the Secretary of War 
to the Executive of Virginia, with the aggregate amount of acres due said line; 
th .t it shall be lawful for the said agents to locate between the Scioto and 
Miami Rivers such number of acres as shall, together with the number already 
located between the said two rivers and the number already located on 
the southeasterly side of the Ohio, be equal to the aggregate amount, 
so to be returned by the Secretary of War; that the said agents shall 
enter in a book the bounds of each location and survey, annexing the 
name of the person originally entitled to each, which book, the entries having 
first been certified by the agents, shall be filed in the office of the Secretary of 
State; that the President should cause letters patent to be made out to those 
entitled to bounty lands; that tho letters patent be transmitted to the execu- 
tive of Virginia, to be by them [him] delivered to each grantee. This act was 
modified and amended subsequently, as to the mode of procedure in obtain- 
ing patents, as to the persons entitled to patents, and extending the time 
for the location of lands by numerous acts of Congress. 

" It was not long before the question of boundary between the Virginia 
Military Lands and the Congress Lands west came up, and the issue was not 
finally determined for a number of years. By virtue of the act of May 10, 
1800, a line was run, under the authority of the Surveyor General, by 
Israel Ludlow. The first section of the act of March 23, 1804, refers to this 
line. It enacts 'that tho line run under the direction of the Surveyor General 
of the United States, from the source of the Little Miami toward the source 
of the Scioto, and which bounds on the easL the surveys of the lands of the 
United States, shall, together with its course continued to the Scioto River, 
be considered and held as the westerly boundary line, north of the source of 



270 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

the Little Miami, of the territory reserved by the State of Virginia, between 
the Little Miami and Scioto llivers, for the use of the officers and soldiers of 
the continental line of that State; 

" ^Provided, That the State of Virginia shall, within two years after the 
passing of this act, recognize such line as the boundary of said territory.' 

"By act of Congress, June 26, I8i'2, the President of the United States 
was authorized to appoint three Commissioners on the part of the United 
States, to act with such Commissioners as might be appointed by the State of 
Virginia, with full power to ascertain, survey and mark the westwardly boundary 
of the military reservation between the Little Miami and Scioto llivers. The 
State of Virginia appointed Commissioners, who met those of the United 
States, and a line was run drawn from the source of the Little Miami to the 
course of the Scioto. This is called Roberts' line. The Commissioners ap- 
pointed by Virginia refused to accede to this line, claiming a still larger tract 
of land, by running from the source of the Scioto a straight line to the mouth 
of the Little Miami. The lands west were surveyed and divided into sections 
and parts of sections. The territory between Roberts' line and Ludlow's line, 
embracing a large tract of fertile land, was claimed both by jRU-chase and loca- 
tion, and it became a matter of great importance to the parties to have estab- 
lished by a judicial decision, the western boundary line of the reservation of 
Virginia. For this purpose a case was agreed and taken to the Supreme 
Coui-t of the United States, on error. The cause was decided in 1824, and 
Roberts' line virtually established. See Doddridge vs. Thompson et al., 9 
Wheaton, 469. The court, however, did not advert to the act of April 11, 
1818, the third section of which provides that from the source of the Little 
Miami Rijer to the Indian boundary line, established by the treaty of Green- 
ville in 1795, the line designated as the westerly boundary line of the Virginia 
tract, by an act of Congi-ess passed on the 23d of March, 1804, viz., the Lud- 
low line, shall be considered and held to be such until otherwise directed by 
law; and from the aforesaid Indian boundary line to the source of the Scioto 
River, the line run by Charles Roberts, in 1812. shall be held and considered 
the westerly boundary line thereof. 

" Why the Supreme Court overlooked the last recited act of course we 
cannot say, and we do not know of any cause having been assigned for disre- 
garding it. Be that as it may, however. Congress took immediate steps to fix 
the line in accordance with its act of April 11, 1818. On May 20, 1824, an 
act was passed authorizing the President of the United States to ascertain the 
number of acres of laud and the value thereof, exclusive of improvements, of 
all such lands lying between Ludlow's and Roberts' lines, in the State of 
Ohio, as may, agreeably to the principles of the decision in the case of Dod- 
dridge's Lessee vs. Thompson and Wright, be held by persons under Virginia 
Military warrants, and on what terms the holders will relinquish the same to 
the United States. By act of May 26, 1880, the President was authorized to 
pay to the Virginia Military claimants of lands between Ludlow's and Roberts' 
lines, south of the Greenville treaty line, located prior to June 26, 1812, the 
sum of $02,515.25,beingthe amount at which said lands were valued, exclusive 
of improvements; provided, however, that before payment the claimants should 
relinquish by deed their titles to the said lands. The last act upon this sub 
ject was that of February 32, 1831, which provided that Philip Doddridge 
should be paid the sum of $1,765.68, he having relinquished his title to Sui-- 
vey 6,928 for 700 acres to the United States. Congress thus effectually set- 
tled the question of boundary by purchasing the title to the disputed lands. 

"As we have seen, Ludlow's line constitutes the western boundary of the 
Virginia Military District from the head-w^aters of the Little Miami to the 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 271 

GreeDville treaty line. The records are somewhat defective in regard to this 
and Roberts' line, but the course, as far as can be ascertained with any accu- 
racy, is here given : Ludlow's line begins at the head spring of the Little 
Miami, in the southwest quarter of Section 30, of Township 7, Range 8 (be- 
tween the Miami Rivers); thence north 20 '^ west a distance of forty rniles 5 
chains- and twenty-live links, to a point in the Greenville treaty line, iu the 
southeast quarter' of Section 2, Township 2, Range 15 (between the Miami 
Rivers); thence the boimdary line is transferred to the Greenville treaty line, 
which it follows in a southwesterly course till it intersects the Roberts line; 
thence with the Roberts line on the east line of Township 7, Range 9 east 
of first Meridian, north 20° west, to a point in the southeast quarter of Sec- 
tion 34, Township 5, Range 8; thence north 75" 05' east to a point in Section 
3G of the same township and range, where the line strikes the head- waters of 
the Scioto River. The reader will observe that both lines, although being 
straight lines, starting at the same point and diverging thi'oughout their en- 
tire course, have the same bearing. The record does not explain this discrep- 
ancy, which may have been due to the magnetic variation caused by the lapse 
of time from 1804 to 1812, and which, if not taken into account, would sub- 
tend an angle west of the Ludlow line, as indicated by the Roberts line. The 
variation in eight years would be about twenty-live or thirty minutes, which 
corresponds very nearly with the angle between the lines run." 

EARLY SURVEYORS FIRST SETTLEMENT IN DISTRICT. 

" In 1787," says Albach, in Annals of the West, " the reserved lands of 
the Old Dominion, north of the Ohio, were examined, and in August of that 
year entries were commenced. Against the validity of these entries, Congress, 
in 1788, entered their protest. The protest, which was practically a prohibi- 
tion of settlement, was withdrawn in 1790. As soon as this was done, it be- 
came an object to have surveys made in the reserved region, but as this was 
an undertaking of great danger, in consequence of the Indian wars, high prices 
in land or money had to be paid to the surveyors. The person who took the 
lead in this gainful but unsafe enterprise was Nathaniel Massie, then twenty- 
seven years old. He had been for six years or more in the West, and had pre- 
pared himself in Col. Anderson's office for the details of his business. Thus 
prepared, in December, 1790, he entered into the following contract with 
certain persons therein named: 

" 'Articles of agreement between Nathaniel Massie, of one part, and the 
several persons that have hereunto subscribed, of the other part, witnesseth. 
That the subscribers hereof doth oblige themselves to settle in the town laid off 
on the northwest side of the Ohio, opposite to the lower part of the Two 
Islands; and make said town, or the neighborhood, on the northwest side of 
the Ohio, their permanent seat of residence for two years from the date here- 
of; no subscriber shall absent himself more tlian two months at a time, and 
during such absence furnish a strong, able-bodied man safficient to bear arms 
at least equal to himself; no subscriber shall absent himself the time above- 
mentioned in case of actual danger, nor shall such absence be but once a year; 
no subscriber shall absent himself in case of actual danger, or if absent shall 
return immediately. Each of the subscribers doth oblige themselves to com- 
ply with the rules and regulations that shall be agreed on by a majority there- 
of for the support of the settlement. In consideration whereof, Nathaniel 
Massie doth bind and oblige himself, his heirs, etc., to m.ake over and convey 
to such of the subscribers that comply with the above mentioned conditions, 
at the expiration of two years, a good and sufficient title unto one in- lot in 
said town, containing five poles in front and eleven back, one out-lot of four 



272 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

acres convenient to said town, in the bottom, which the said Massie is to put 
them in immediate possossio i of, also 100 acres of land, which the said 
Massie has shown to a part of the subscribers; the conveyance to be made to 
each of the subscribers, their heirs or assigns. In witness whereof, each of 
the parties have hereunto set their hands and seals, this 1st day of December, 
1790.' 

" The town thus laid off was situated some twelve miles above Maysville, 
and was called Manchester; it is still known to the voyager on the Ohio. 
From this point Massie and his companions made surveying expeditions 
through the perilous years from 1791 to 1796, but though often distressed and 
in danger, they were never wearied nor afraid; and at length, with Wayne's 
treaty, all danger of importauce was at an end." 

Manchester was the first point within the Virginia Military District at 
which a permanent settlement was made, and by March, 1791, it contained 
about thirty families within the stockade which was built. Massie performed 
much service as a pioneer in extending the settlements and the boundaries of 
civilization in this part of Ohio. He made surveys over a large portion of the 
district, and was the pioneer settler in the Scioto Valley. The following in- 
cidents from bis experience will show to what dangers and hardships the early 
surveyors of the Virginia lands were subjected: 

" During the winter of 1794-95, Massie prejjared a party to enter largely 
into the surveying business. Nathaniel Beasly, John Beasly and Peter Lee 
were again employed as the assistant surveyors. The party set off from Man- 
chester well equipped, to prosecute their business, or, should occasion offer, 
give battle to the Indians. They took the route of Logan's trace, and pro- 
ceeded to a place called the Deserted CMmp. on Todd's Fork of the Little 
Miami [in what is now Clinton County, Ohio]. At this point they commenced 
surveying, and surveyed large portions of land on Todd's Fork, and up the 
Miami to the Chillicothe town (now in Clark County); thence up Massie' s 
Creek and Ciiesar's Creek nearly to their heads. By the time the party had 
progressed thus far, winter had set in. The ground was covered with a sheet 
of snow from six to ten inches deep. During the tour, which continued up- 
ward of thirty days, the party had no bread. For the first two weeks a pint 
of flour was distributed to each mess once a day, to mix with the soup in which 
meat had been boiled. AVhen night came, four fires were made for cooking 
— that is, one for each mess. Around these fires, till sleeping time arrived, 
the company spent their time in the most social glee, singing songs and tell- 
ing stories. AVhen danger was not apparent or immediate, they were as 
merry a set of men as ever assembled. Resting time arriving, Massie always 
gave the signal, and the whole party would then leave their comfortable fires, 
carrying with them their blankets, their fire-arms and their little baggage, 
walking in perfect silence two or three hundred yards from their fires. They 
would then scrape away the snow and huddle down together for the night. 
Each mess formed one bed; they would spread down on the ground one-half 
of the blankets, reserving the other half for covering. The covering blankets 
were fastened together by skewers, to prevent them from slipping apart. Thus 
prepared, the whole party crouched down together with their rifles in their 
arms and their pouches under their heads for pillows, lying spoon-fashion, 
with three heads one way and four the other, their feet extending to about the 
middle of their bodies. AVhen one turned the whole mass turned, or else the 
close range would be broken and the cold let in. In this way they laid till 
broad daylight, no noise and scarce a whisper being uttered during the night. 
A\'hen it was perfectly light, Massie would call up two of the men in whom 
hH had most confidence, and send them to reconnoiter and make a circuit 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 273 

around the fires, lest an ambuscade might be formed by the Indians to destroy 
the party as they retm-ned to the fires. This was an invariable custom in every 
variety of weather. iSelf -preservation required this circumspection. Some 
time after this, while surveying on Caesar's Creek, his men attacked a party 
of Indians, and the savages broke and fled. After the defeat of the Indians 
by Wayne, the surveyors were not interrupted by the Indians; but on one of 
their excursions, still remembered as the 'starving tour.' the whole party, 
consisting of twenty-eight men, suffered extremely in a driving snowstorm for 
about four days. They were in a wilderness exposed to this severe storm, 
without hut, tent or covering, and what was still more aj)palling, without pro- 
visions and without any road or even track to retreat on. and were nearly one 
hundred miles from any place of shelter. On the third day of the storm, they 
luckily killed two wild turkeys, which were boiled and divided into twenty- 
eight parts and devoured with great avidity, head, feet, entrails and all." 

In the early part of 1787, the Virginia Military District was explored by 
two Kentucky su.rveyors, Maj. John O'Bannon and Arthur Fox, who wished to 
obtain a knowledge of the land for the purpose of making entries when the 
land office for the district should be opened. When that event occurred, on 
the 1st of August in the same year, O'Bannon entered considerable land and 
afterward became a prominent deputy smweyor in the district. Others v,'ho 
were deputy surveyors in the same region were William Lytle, John Beasley, 
James Galloway, Jr., William Barlow, Lucas Sullivant, James Taylor, Walter 
Dun. Allen Latham, Cadwallader Wallace, E. P. Kendrick, A. D. Kendrick, 
and perhaps others; not all of these, however, surveyed in what is now Union 
County. 

Lucas Sullivant, whose name appears oftener, perhaps, on the early Union 
County records than that of any other man, was born in Mecklenburg County, 
Va., in September, 1765, and at the age of sixteen years joined a volunteer 
expedition against the Indians, who were threatening the western counties of 
his native State. His parents died when he was young, and he used his ener- 
gies and small patrimony in obtaining an education. The new and unsur- 
veyed lands of Kentucky opened a field for his enterprise, and he repaired 
thither, finding all he could do. He was appointed by Col. Richard C.Ander- 
son (Surveyor General of the Virginia Military District) Deputy District Sur- 
veyor, and at the age of twenty-two years (in 1787) became one of the band 
of surveyors and pioneers who opened up the district to settlement. The 
savages defeated all his first attempts, but organizing a stronger party at 
Limestone, now Maysville, they advanced into the wilderness and in due time 
reached the banks of the Scioto, in what is now Franklin County, Ohio, 
where he began his operations. They were often threatened by the savages 
and had many narrow escapes, but Mr. Sullivant continued at his work and 
piished it to a fortunate conclusion. He entered many thousand acres of land 
in the surrounding region. He laid out North Liberty and Franklinton in 
1797, and about the same time married Sarah Starling, daughter of Col. Will- 
iam Starling, of Kentucky; building the first brick house in his town of 
Franklinton, he resided there until his death, which occurred August 8, 1823. 
He was one 6f the most prominent of the early pioneers of this State. His 
brother-in-law, Lyne Starling, settled at Franklinton in 1806, was one of 
the original proprietors of Columbus, and was appointed administrator of Mr. 
Sullivant's estate after the death of the latter, and his name also appears very 
often on the Union County records. Lucas Sullivant was the father of 
Michael L. Sullivant, owner of the great farm in Ford County, 111., which he 
so successfully managed through a long term of vears. He died February 
29, 1879. & ^ . 



274 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

From the field notes of James Galloway. Jr., the following minutes are 
made: 

November 7, 1805 — Sjieaks of "the road from the little lake to Darby. " 

November 13 — " "Went down Otter Creek to the mouth," etc. 

November 11 — " "Went down Mill Creek about two miles on a straight line; 
came back to the forks, where, crossing on a log, it being a rainy day and the 
log wet and slippery, I fell and broke the glass of my compass, and came to 
Job Sharp's, where I fortunately got a pane of glass, and succeeded in cutting 
it under water with scissors so as to tit the compass as well as the one I had 
broken did." 

November 22 — Surveying on the South Fork of Treacle Creek, near a 
large pond * * " here begins good bottom * * thin land * * 
* good land below a prairie * * encamped all night near a beaver 
dam." 

November 23 — " Went down Treacle Ci'eek to Johnston's, and on the 24th 
returned home, being out twenty days. Alexander Kerr and James Stevens, 
chain carriers. " 

May 22, 1806 — " Returned home after an absence of eleven days." 

January 2, 1807 — Speaks of "road from Springer's old mill to Frank- 
linton." 

February 16 — " Set out from home in company with David Blue, David 
Sroufe and Ephraim Myers." 

February 20 — "Crossed a creek where David Blue and the pack-horse he 
was riding fell in through the ice and got completely wet. Called the cieek 
Blue's Creek."* 

February 24 — " Steered a course through the woods to Job Sharp's, on 
Beaver Run." 

February 26 — " Went to Little Darby and began on the creek ten poles 
below where the track from Widow Reed's to Buck Creek crosses it at the 
mouth of a branch." 

Same day — " Crossed Treacle Creek * * to two black oaks in a prairie 
near the road to George Reed's" 

March 7 — " Returned home after a tour of twenty-one days." 

November 12 — "Began on the Spring Fork of Treacle Creek * * 
run * * to a stake in a prairie; here we started a large bear, which 
Samuel Gallowav took after with our own and Micha^il Dickey's dogs; thence 
[to a point given in the notes] * * where we found S. Galloway and 
the bear, which he had killed." 

November 19 — Speaks of " big road down Darby to Dyer's mill." 

November 20 — "Arrived at home, having killed among the company one 
bear, one deer, sixteen raccoons and twelve turkeys, and been absent twenty- 
four days." 

On this trip William Townsley and William Townsley, Jr., were chain 
carriers, and Samu^el Galloway, marker. 

May 26, 1808 — Speaks of State road from Franklinton to Springfield. 
Same day, speaks of " the State road " and " the road from Graham's to 
Urbana. " In noting one of his measurements this day, he says, " at 200 vards 
I killed a buck." 

May 28 — " Laid off Paul Alder's land I sold him." This was a brother to 
Jonathan Alder, of whom a sketch is found in Chapter II of this volume. 

May 17, 1809 — " Lost my horse and spent the next day in hunting him, 
to no purpose. " 

* By which name it is btill known. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 277 



CHAPTER IV. 



PIONEER HISTORY. 

Pke-Histokic— Early Events, Mannkks and Customs— Eakly Schools, Re- 
ligious Organizations, etc.— Miscellaneous Matters 
OF Interest Concerning Pioneer Timp:s. 

PEE -historic. 

THE mysterious race called for the sake of convenience the Mound Build- 
ers, whose works are scattered so thickly over a great portion of the State 
of Ohio, seems to have almost ignored the territory now included in the county 
of Union, for, from all accounts, there is not a notable mound within the entire 
county, while the relics found in the way of arrow points, stone axes, etc., are 
very few in number. Along the valleys of the Scioto, the Miamis and other 
streams, the remains of ancient fortifications and other works are often met 
with, and it appears strange thp.t nothing should have been constructed along 
any one of the numerous streams coursing through Union County. In conse- 
quence of the absence of these remains, it is unnecessary to give an extended 
article on the subject in this connection. 

EARLY WHITE OCCUPANTS OF OHIO.* 

In correspondence l^etween W. Jackson, Assistant Secretary of War, and 
Gen. William Irvine, in the fall of 1783, mention is made of settlements which 
had been made and were making between the Muskingum and Wabash, and 
Irvine was apprehensive of the renewal of war between those settlers and the 
Indians. Congress obtained knowledge of the condition of affairs, and issued 
the following proclamation: 

By the United Htatea in CongrenH aaHembled. A 'proclamation: 

Whereas, By the uiiith of tlie articles of confederation, it is among other things de- 
clared that " tlie United States in Congress assembled have the sole and exclusive right and 
power of regulating the trade, and managing all affairs witli the Indians not members of 
any of the States ; provided, that the legislative right of an}' State within its own limits, 
be not infringed or violated." And Whereax. It is essential to the welfare and interest of 
the United States, as well as necessary for the maintenance of harmony and friendship 
with the Indians, not members of any of the States, that all cau.se of quarrel and com- 
plaint between them and the United States, or any of tliem, should be removed and pre- 
vented; therefore, the United States, in Congress assembled, have thought proper to issue 
their proclamation, and they do hereby proliibit and forbid all persons from making set- 
tlements on lands inhabited or claimed by Indians without the limits or jurisdiction of 
any particular State, and from purchasing or receiving any gift or cession of such lands 
or claims, without the express authority and directions of the United States in Congress 
assembled; and it is moreover declared that every such purchase or settlement, gift or 
cession, not having the authority aforesaid, is null and void, and that no right or title will 
accrue in Congress. 

Done in Congress, at Princeton, this twenty-second day of September, in the year 
of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-three, and of our sovereignty and 
independence the eighth. 

Elias Boudinot, President. 

Charles Thomson, Secretary. 

♦Years before a white settler had located in Ohio, the French tr;ul<;r« and travelers had a route across the State 
which paused up the Sandusky River from Lake Erin to the mouth of the Little Sandusky ; thence a short distance up 
that stream to a pijitage to the upper waters of the Little Scioto — tlie portag^e being about four miles long — and after 
reaching the latter stream, canoes (X(uld easily float down it. The French used the route in traveling from Canada to 
the Mississippi. Even before LaSaile saw this region, the Northern Indians used this same water route when pro- 
ceeding on their war incursions into the territory of the Southern tribes.. 



278 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

No attention was paid to this proclamation, and settlers poured into the 
forbidden country so rapidly that the government found it necessary to drive 
them out. On the '24th of January, 1785, the Commissioners of Indian Affairs 
instructed Lieut. Col. Josiah Harmar, of the Fii'st American Regiment, to em- 
ploy such force as he might deem necessary "in driving off persons attempting 
to settle on the lands of the United States." Ensign John Ai-mstrong was 
detailed with a force of twenty men and fifteen days' provisions to perform 
the task of driving off all within 150 miles of Ft. Mcintosh, located at the 
mouth of the Beaver River, in Pennsylvania. Armstrong dispossessed settlers 
at points on the Ohio as far down as Wheeling, or a point opposite that 
place, and in his report to Col. Harmar appears the following: 

"As the following information through you to the honorable the Congi'ess 
may be of some service, I trust you will not be displeased therewith. It is the 
opinion of many sensible men (with whom I conversed on my return from 
"Wheeling) that if the honorable the Congress do not fall on some speedy 
method to prevent people from settling on the lands of the United States west 
of the Ohio, that country will soon be inhabited by a banditti whose actions 
are a disgrace to human nature. You will in a few days receive an address 
from the magistracy of Ohio County, through which most of those people pass, 
many of whom are flying from justice. I have, sir, taken some pains to dis- 
tribute copies of your instructions, with those from the honorable the Com- 
missioners for Indian affairs, into almost every settlement Avest of the Ohio, 
and had them posted up at most public places on the east side of the river, in the 
neighborhood through which those people pass. Notwithstanding they have 
seen and read those instructions, they are moving to the unsettled countries by 
forties and fifties, i^'rom the best information I could receive, there are at 
the falls of the Hockhocking upward of three hundred families; at the Musk- 
ingum, a number equal. At Moravian Town, there are several families, and 
more than fifteen hundred on the Rivers Miami and Scioto. From Wheeling 
to that place, there is scarcely one bottom on the river but has one or more 
families living thereon. In consequence of the advertisement by John Emer- 
son, I am assured meetings will be held at the times therein mentioned. That 
at Menzons' or Haglin's town, mentioned in my report of yesterday, the inhab- 
itants had come to a resolution to comply with the requisitions of the adver- 
tisement. " 

This adverisement was as follows, as given in Mr. Butterfield's work, 
Washington-Irvine correspondence, in the shape of a foot-note: 

Marcu 12, 1785. 

Notice is hereby given to the inhabitaats of the west side of the Ohio River, tliat 
there is to be an election for the choosing of members of the convention for framing a 
constitution for the governing of the inhabitants, the eh'ctiou to be liehl on the 10th day 
of April, next ensuing, viz.: One election to be lield at the moiitli of the Miami River, 
and one to be held at the mouth of the Scioto River, and one on the Muskingum River, and 
one at the dwelling house of Jonas Menzons, the members to be chosen to meet at the 
mouth of the Scioto on the 20th day of the same month. 

I do certify, that all mankind, agreeable to every constitution formed in America, 
have an undoubted right to pass into every vacant country, and thereto form their consti- 
tution, and that from the confederation of the whole United States Congress is not em- 
powered to forbid them, neither is Congress empowered from that confederation to make 
any sale of the uninhabited lands to pay the public debts, which is to be by a tax levied 
and lifted [collected] by authority of the Legislature of each State. 

John Emerson. 

Various orders were issued by Col. Hai'mar, and a Congressional Commit- 
tee approved his conduct; also authorizing him to remove his troops from 
Ft. Mcintosh and post them at some point at or near the Ohio, between the 
Muskingum and the Groat Miami, "which he shall conceive most advisable 
for further carrying into effect the beforementioned orders," and appi'opriat- 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 279 

ing $600 for the purpose of transporting the troops and their baggage. Un- 
der this order, Ft. Harmar was constructed at the mouth of the Muskingum. 

Gen. Richard Butler, in passing down the river at the commencement of 
October, to hold a treaty with the Indians at the mouth of the Miami River, 
found settlements nt intervals from the mouth of Yellow Creek nearly to the 
mouth of the Great Kanawha, and did what he could to warn the settlers off. 
even giving orders to one of the officers of the army who was to descend to the 
Muskingum," to pull down every house on his way," some which had been re- 
cently torn down having been rebuilt by the determined men of the border. 
"Whether all the settlers were driven out or not is not known, but it is cer 
tain that no constitution for governing the inhabitants was framed at that 
day, and the scheme for a new State on tlae northwest side of the Ohio was not 
carried until seventeen years later. 

FIRST SETTLEMENTS IN UNION COUNTY. 

In 1797, before a white settler had found a home in the tract of countrj- 
now forming the county of Union, a town was laid out on a large scale in 
what is now Darby Township, on the south side of Big Darby Creek, by 
Lucas Sullivant, who named it North Liberty. The in- lots numbered 209 
and the out-lots 116, and the plat is now on record in Volume II, page 79, 
of Ross County, Ohio, deed records, this county then being partly included in 
Ross. Doubtfess Mr. Sullivant expected his town would at some not distant 
day be a busy metropolis, but he ruined its prospects by laying out in August 
of the same year (1797), the town of Franklinton, on the west side of the 
Scioto River, opposite the subsequent site of Columbus. 

Whether Mr. Sullivant ever made deeds for any of the lots in North Lib- 
erty is not positively known, but he pi'obably did. At all events, the first 
settlement made in what is now Union County was at the prospective city, 
in 1798 — this being the date generally agreed upon, although one authority 
gives it as early as 1795, which is not possible. 

The honor of being the first settlers in the county is awarded to James 
and Joshua Ewing, and it is said that Mr. Sullivant induced them to locate 
at North Liberty in order to begin the settlement at that place, and if such 
M'as the fact, which is probable, it must have been as late as the fall of 1 <97 
or the spring of 1798. The latter year is given by the best authority as the 
date of their arrival. 

Joshua Ewing was born in Kentucky, and moved from Lexington County 
in that State, to Ohio, his brother James accompanying him. Joshua Ewing 
became one of the first Commissioners of Madison County, upon its organiza- 
tion in 1810, but when Union County v/as formed, the brothers found their 
farms included in it. James Ewing brought four sheep to his place — the 
first seen in the county, and in 1812 became postmaster at Darby Creek,* the 
first post office established in what is now Union County. 

He was subsequently a director of the Franklin Bank, at Franklinton, 
and accumulated a large property. He issued a style of currency over his 
own signature, and transacted a large banking business in that way. James 
Ewing died in 1850, and Elizabeth, his wife, in 1865. Joshua Ewing died in 
1821, and Margaret "Ewing about 1837-38. Their mother, Hannah Ewing, 
who came with them to Ohio, died in 1815 or 1816. The family was originally 
from New Jersey. 

In 1870, some controversy existing regarding the locality of the first 
settlement in Union County, William M. Robinson, Esq., of Marysville, 

* This office was established in 1812, the route extendiug over the " Post Road" from Worthington to Urbana, 
both then important towns. It was loug the only post office iu the cjunty, and there was but one other on the route, 
located at Dublin, Franklin County. 



280 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

wrote to William B. Irwin, at Lebanon, Ohio, for his recollection of the mat- 
ter. Mr. Irwin was a former resident of Union County, and a well known 
surveyor. His reply was as follows: 

Lebanon, Ohio, April 25, 1870. 
Mr. AV. M. Robinson, Esq. — Dear Friend: I am trying to answer your letter respect- 
ing the organization of Union County, but am so feeble and nervous I fear I cannot write 
so it can be read. * * * As to the fact of the Ewiugs' first settlement being at North 
Liberty, I submit the following facts: My mother's brother. Rev. Archibald Steele, was 
a licentiate of the Presbytery of Washington, Synod of Kentucky. In the spring of 1799, 
he was commissioned as a missionary in Southwest Ohio, then a Territory. His mission 
was to visit all new settlements, make out a list of all members of the church wherever 
they wanted an organization, and report 'to Presbj^tery for proper action. In fulfilling this 
mission, Mr. Steele kept a regular day journal, yet in the hands of his heirs, to which I 
have always had free access, and from it I got part of the history of the church of Milford 
Center. In that journal, after followingit from place to place, we find the following: 
"Leaving Buck Creek, took the trail for Darby; at 4 o'clock arrived at the house of my 
old friend, Joshua Ewing, where the family, consisting of Joshua and his family, James, 
his brother, Betsey, their sister, and their aged mother, lived in a new town on the west 
bank of Big Darh3\ named North Liberty." In June, 1^08, I was passing this place in 
company with Joshua Ewing and his oldest son, Scott (now dead), James Ewing, Samuel 
Robinson and others; Joshua showed me the remains of tlie house in which he lived, also 
his brothers, at the time Mr. Steele called on him; stated that one was memorable from 
the fact that in it he and Mr. Steele made up the roll of members which in after years 
made up the North Liberty congregation. In further confirmation of the above fact, on ex- 
amination of the record of Presbyteiy, at the succeeding spring session, a commission was 
appointed to visit this place, with others reported In' i\Ir. Steele, and organize ciiurches 
where expedient. The record shows this last commission, in obedience to instructions, 
did in the fall of 1800 organize a church in this place by the name of North Liberty. 
Joshua Ewing and Samuel Kirkpatrick were then and there elected members. * * * * 
A good part of this would be more appropriate for a church history than for a history of 
the county, but the facts of the two were so interwoven tluit they give strength to each 
other. The appointment of a mission to look after the sheep in the wilderness, and then 
the report of Mr. Steele and the subsequent action of Presbyteiy, adding the standing 
monument of those organized churches with the record of these divisions up to their pres- 
ent position, is abundant proof of the facts in the case. I have heard Mr. Steele and Mr. 
Ewing often speak in after years of the settlement of North Liberty, and of the visit of 
the former there, and of many circumstances relating thereto. Now, my old friend, I re- 
member well our buckskin breeches, linsey hunting shirts, corn huskings and singing 
schools. Those days are gone. I will be glad to hear from you as often as 3'ou can find 
time to write. * * * Yours ti'uly, 

William B. Irwin. 

At the conchision of Mr. Irwin's letter, Mr. Robinson remarks: "In 
addition to Gen. Irwin's recollection on this subject, I had a conversation 
with William and David Winget, nephews of James Ewing, and very early 
settlers in this county, and they both say they saw the cabins they lived in in 
North Liberty, many a time. This is the way I became acquainted with the 
fact. I also know from my own recollection that after they left those cabins 
and went down into what is now Jerome Township, the Indians occupied t.he 
cabins and grounds they vacated." 

A hiswry of Franklin County, Ohio, was published in 1858, by William 
T. Martin, who whites as follows concerning the early settlements in this 
region : 

" Next after the settlement at Franklinton was a few families on Darby, 
near where Mr. Sullivant laid out his town of North Liberty, and a scattering 
settlement along Alum Creek. This was probably about the summer of 1799. 
* * About the same time, improvements were made near the mouth of 
Gahannah (formerly called Big Belly), and the settlements thus gradually ex- 
tended along the principal water- courses. In the meantime, Franklinton 
was the point to which emigrants first repaired to spend some months, or ])er- 
haps years, prior to their permanent location. * * For several years there 
was no mill nor considerable seUlement nearer thau the vicinity of Chillicothe. 
In Franklinton, the people constructed a kind of hand-mill, upon which they 
generally groitnd their corn; some pounded it, or boiled it, and occasionally a 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 281 

trip was made to the Chillicothe mill. About the year 1799 or 1800, Robert 
Balentine erected a poor kind of mill on the run near Gay street, in the Co- 
lumbus plat, and, near the same time, Mr. John D. Kush erected au inferior 
mill on the Scioto, a short distance above Franklintou. They were, however, 
both poor concerns, and soon fell to ruins. A horse-mill w^as then resorted to 
and kept up for some time; but the first mill of any considerable advantage 
to the county was erected by Col. Kilbourne, near "Worthington, about the year 
1805. About the same time, Carpenter's mill, on A\'hetstone, in what is now 
Delaware County, and Dyer's, on Darby, were erected. * * * During the 
first years of the settlement, it was extremely sickly — perhaps as much so as 
any part of the State. For a few of the first years, the fever and ague pre- 
vailed so generally in the fall seasons as to totally discourage many of the 
settlers; so that they would, during the prevalence of the disease, frequently 
resolve to abandon the country and remove back to the old settlements. But 
on the return of health, the prospective advantages of the country, the noble 
crops of corn and vegetables, the tine range for stock and the abundance of 
wild game — deer, turkeys, etc., with which the country abounded — all con- 
spired to re-animate them and encourage them to remain another year. And 
so on, year after year, many of the first settlers were held in conflict of mind, 
unable to determine whether to remain or adandon the country, until the en- 
largement of their improvements or possessions, the increasing conveniences 
and improvements of the country, together with the fact that the seasons had 
become more healthy, determined them generally to remain. Although sick- 
ness was so general, deaths were comparatively few, the disease of the 
country being principally ague — or so it was called. There was the shaking 
ague, and what is now familicirly termed chills and fever, which was then 
called the dumb ague."* 

The record of the Court of Common Pleas for Franklin County has the 
following entry under date of January 10, 1801: "Ordered, that there be 
paid unto James Ewing, out of the treasury of Franklin County, the sum of 
$8.75, it being the compensation due to him for seven days' services in taking 
the list of taxable property and the enumeration of w^hite males in Darby 
Township for the year 1803." 

It was not long after the Ewings had made their home in Darby Township 
before other arrivals were noted, and the chain of settlements extended along 
Big Darby Creek, in w^hat are now the townships of Jerome, Darby and Union. 
The Mitchells, Robinsons, Reeds, Sagers, McCulloughs and others will be 
found noted in the histories of the townships in which they located. Long 
after the southern portion of the county was settled, the northern part w^as a 
wilderness. As has been stated, that part of the county north of the Green- 
ville treaty line was not in condition to be settled u'ntil 1839, and it was a 
number of ye ars later than that in some of the townships, before the cabin of 
the pioneer was seen in the small clearing in the midst of the heavy forest. 

On the 31st day of October, 1800, Lucas Sullivant and wife, of Franklin- 
ton, then Ross County, Ohio, conveyed to Samuel Reed, of Fayette County, 
Penn., 500 acres of land, for $1,150, or at the rate of $2.30 per acre This 
was the first tract of land sold in what is now Union County, and the deed 
was carried to Chillicothe and recorded. Union County was then included 
in the territory comprising Ross County, of which Chillicothe was the seat of 
justice. The Sullivants appear to have been successful traders in military 
land warrants and by that means became the possessors of large tracts of land 
in the Virginia Military District, much of it lying in what is now Union 
County, 

* John F. Sabine, Esq., of Marysville, states that the last year in which the ague prevailed generally over Ohio 
■was about 1823-24. Since then it has been confined to certain localities. 



282 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

After this county was organized, the first wan-anty deed recorded was made 
by Je'-se Woodson to Allen Leeper, conveying 225 acres of land for a considera- 
tion of $795. This deed was made November 29, 1819, and recorded April 
25, 1820, by Thomas Reynolds, first Recorder of Union County. 

In 1799, Samuel McCullough settled on the northeast side of Big Darby 
Creek, at the mouth of Buck Run, in what is now Darby Township, at the 
locality known as Bridgeport. His death occurred in the spring of 1800, 
being the first death of a white person in what is now the county of Union. 
There was no lumber with which to make a cotHn nearer than Chillicothe, 
eighty miles away, and Samuel Robinson, the only carjjenter in the county, 
was absent at that point to procure a load of salt. The remains were kept 
until his retui-n, w^hen he and his brother James cut down a walnut tree, split 
out seme slabs and made a coffin of them, in which the body was placed and 
buried at a spot a short distance down the creek since known as the Mitchell 
Graveyard. Nothing was ever placed to mark his resting place, and the exact 
locality of the grave is not now known. Mr. McCullough left a wife and two 
sons — Alexander and Samuel. 

The first white child born in Union County was Jesse Mitchell, whose 
birth occm-red in the latter part of 1799. His death occurred in 1880 or 1881, 
at his home in Jerome Township. Eliza M. Ewing, daughter of Joshua 
Ewing, one of the first settlers in the county, was born May 23, 1800, and 
was the second white child and the first white female child whose bii-th occm-red 
in the county. Her parents then resided a short distance above the pr<-sent 
site of Plain City. The lady never married, and was for many years a resi- 
dent of Foutanelle, Iowa, where she was living in 1881. Robert Snodgrass, 
the third white child whose birth took place in the county, was born Dece m- 
ber 2, 1800, on the north bank of Darby Creek, opposite the village of Mil- 
ford, in a cabin situated not far from where the railroad water tank now 
stands. In his early childhood, he had for playmates the Indian children of 
the vicinity. He was the first white child born in Union Township. On the 
1st of January, 1828, at the residence of IMrs. Jane Robinson, a widow, who 
lived about a mile below Unionville, on the north bank of Darby Creek, he 
was married to Ellen, the daughter of the lady named, and lived to celebrate 
his golden wedding. His wife bore him seven children, and with live of 
them survived him. He died February 9, 1878. He had been for forty years 
a member of the Presbyterian Church and was always an earnest reader and a 
deep thinker. Such education as he possessed was obtained in the log school- 
houses common in his early years. Elizabeth Mitchell, daughter of Judge 
David Mitchell, born in Darby Township, in May, 1803, was possibly the sec- 
ond white female child born in the county. She became the wife of John 
W. Robinson, son of Rev. James Robinson and father of Hon. James W. 
Robinson and Col. A. B. Robinson, of Marysville. Her death occm-red in 
1873. 

That there was marrying and giving in marriage at an early day in the 
pioneer history of Union County, there can be no doiibt; but, as no official 
record has been found showing the marriages which took place dm'ing the 
first years after the region was settled, it is possible only to give them accu- 
rately after the county of Union had been organized. The first marriage sub- 
sequent to that date, as found on the records, was that of Thomas Reed and 
Jane Snodgrass, who were united by John Irwin, Esq., on the 20th day of 
April, 1820. During the first year after the organization of the county, the 
marriages niimbered eleven, and but eight couples started on the matrimonial 
journey in the year following. In 182'.^, however, the spirit appeared to move 
the young people more thoroughly to action— or there were more to be moved 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 283 

— for the musty records show that twenty-four marriages took place in that 
year, the ceremony having been usually performed by some favorite Justice 
of the Peace. The following is a list of marriages which occurred in Union 
County from its organization, in 1820, to the 1st of January, 1830: 

1820. 
Thomas Reed and Jane Snodgi'ass, by John Irwin. Justice of the Peace. 
John Deakins and Dolly (Peggy) News, by Richard Gosnel, J. P. 
James Snodgrass and Polly McDowell; no return recorded. 
Benjamin Foster and Amanda Cone, by Yinol Steward. 
Moses Bedford and Betsey Southard, by Richard Gosnel, J. P, 
John McCune and Polly Hager, by Clark Broding, J. P. 
Winthrop Chandler and Lucy Hamilton, by Richard Gabriel, J. P. 
William Richey and Massey Bodley; no return recorded. 
Thomas Osborn and Elizabeth Price, by James Bell, J. P. 
Elba Bui-nham and Lorinda Burnham, by John Invin. 
John MeiTon and Polly Parthemore, by Clark Broding, J. P. 

1821. 
Standish Culver and Betsey McCloud. by Russell Bigelow, J. P. 
Abraham Davison and Jane Martin, by Clark Broding, J. P. 
Benjamin Sibley and Lydia Hilliard, by George Brown, J. P. 
William A. Brown and Mary Bagley, by Rev. Jeremiah Converse. 
William Concleton and Martha Thompson, by James Boll, J. P. 
Geoi'ge Parmenter and Nancy Marquess; no return recorded. 
Charles Brooks and Polly Hanahman, by L. Maze, J. P. 
Elisha Wliite and Sarah Culver, by George Brown. 

1822. 
Jonathan Miles and Susannah Porter; no certificate recorded. 
Andrew Dodds and Hannah Hukman, by Rev. James Robinson. 
Hiram Dodge and Clarinda Parmenter, by Clark Broding, J. P. 
Wari'en Wren and Lucy Hubbard, by Ejias Robinson, J. P. 
John Taylor and Jane Noteman, by Clark Broding, J. P. 
Asahel Parmenter and Eleanor Dodge, by Clark Broding. 
Jonathan Brooks and Mary Gates, by William Ruba, J. P. 
Thomas Saunders and Maria Geer, by Elias Robinson, J. P. 
Isaiah Garwood and Caroline Culver, by George Brown, J. P. 
David Gill and Eleanor Piper, by Rev. James Robinson. 
James Reed and Elizabeth Johnston, by Rev. James Robinson. 
John Donally and Betsey Milton, by Matthias Collins, J. P. 
Michael Wood and Elvira Thayer, by James Bell, J. P. 
Israel Lockwood and Angeline Culver, by Elias Robinson, J. P. 
Robert Cratty and Eleanor Porter, by Rev. James Robinson. 
Calvin Wlnget and Cynthia A. Irwin, by Rev. James Robinson. 
Andrew Craig and Betsey Vandrevander, by Elias Robinson, J. P. 
John Bartholomew and Hannah Sager, by Clark Brown, J. P. 
David Furrow and Sally Wolford, by George Brown, J. P. 
Richard Smith and Betsey McCloud, by Samuel Smith, J. P. 
Garret Harris and Sarah Orr, by James Beadle, J. P. 
Robert Dinwiddle and Susan Bradley, by Rev. Jeremiah Converse. 
George Elifrits and Martha Harris, by James Bell. J. P. 
James Connor and Delby DeWitt, by Clark Brown. 



-S4 HISTORY OK INION roiNTV. 

lu^HM-t \i. H;uumi;vn au*l Hannah rinnu\UM-. bv William Uiploy. J. P. 
dosoph (Khh" and Jano (.'Imivhill, by (loortjo Brown. J. l\ 
Ho-u^kiah Ivonnody and !N[artha Sanndors, by Gihm-o^o Browu. J*. P. 
rhon\as (.irahani and flonun\a Oonkloton. by Kov. J. Convorso, 
N\\>stbi\x>k Knii^ht and t^jtharino Cranior. by Fdias Robinson. J. P. 
Koavos Kobinson and Hannah Wilson, by Boy. John Taylor, 
tlonathan Burris and F.li/aboth Said, by Uov. Jacob Drako. 
William Xowhouso and Ann Bichoy. by Kov. Jamos Bobin.sou. 
Benjamin 8a<:^or and Pilly Bot^soll, by tlamos Boal. J. P. 
Willian\ Thompson and Sally Shormau, by Jamos Boal. J. P. 
Southard Mathors and Pholonie Bioo. by Bi'V. John Inskoop. 
Josoi>h liawronoo and ^lai'y Cochran, by Bov. Jamos B».>binson. 
John W. Bobinson and l>oU>*ov ^NLitoholl. by Bov. Jamos Bobiuson. 
Mvsos (.Troon and Sarah Stiokk\ by J. Buck. J. P. 
Kobort Ma/.o and Sarah D. Mitoholl. by Jamos Boalo. J. P. 
Josso Mitoholl and Eliza Bobiuson. by Bov. Jamos Bobiusou. 
William Ciraham and Klizaboth 1x^11. by William Bichoy. J. P. 
David Harrini::fton and Pauuy Lano. by Elias Bobiusou. J. P. 
Joivmiah Baiii:;hau aud Ellizaboth Brako. by Jamos Boal. J. P. 

iS'-^t. 

Dauiol Harris and Sybil Lathrop. by Elias Bobiuson. J. P. 
SimoiMi Ha^H" and Bhoda Taylor, by John McCnue. J. P. 
Jotliam Johuson and Polly Marquis; no roturu rooordod. 
Abraham Anu-iuo auii Polly Wolford. by Matthias Collins. J. P. 
William Borham and Prana Wilson, by William Bichoy. J. P. 
David 1upl<\v and Phobo Coolodifo. by Elias Bobinson. J. P. 
Sanmol Bood and Joanna Hathaway, by Elias Bobinson. J. P. 
Nicholas Hathaway and Eli/aboth Morton, by Samuol Bobiusou. J. P. 
Hardin Hovoy and Eliza Browu, by Elias Bobinson. J. P. 
Johu Kauady and Bot^jy ]\Ioi-so. by Richard Crabriol, J. P. 
Lduiard L. Wilmoth and Lydia Gibson, by William Bichoy, J. P. 
Su->phou Johnson aud Hannah N. Patch: no record of cortiticato. 
Abrahaiu Amrino and Xancy Adams, by Matthias Collins, J. P. 
Lafayotto Tibbotts aud Matilda Ann McGowon. by ^tatthias Collins. J. P. 
Stophoi\ Hill and Susannah Lukoubill. bv William Bichov. J. P. 
^rosos Harris and Polly Etikonbill. by WUliam Richoy. J.' P. 
Johu Portor and tlannah Dodds. by Bov. Jan\os Bobiusou. 
John Portor aud Jauo Crawford, by Kov. Jan\os Bobiusou. 

iS'Jo. 

Elijah Ch-ahood and Sarah Carter, by Willian\ Chulhill. J. P. 
Samuol T. Hovoy and Rachol Comor. by Richard Crabriol. J. P. 
William Pvrtor and lianuah Suodgniss. by Rov. James Kobinson. 
Stunner Payne and Aurolia Buruham; uo return shown. 
(.TOtM-jjt^ Lukenbill aud Marijfaret Siu^^or. by William Richoy. J. P. 
Reuben Burdick and Elizabeth Dinwiddle, by Samuel Fiunum. J. P. 
Jac^^b Partliemore aud Sarah C. Thornton, by Silas G. Strong, J. P. 
Sihis Burdick and ^largaret Richoy, by Silas G. Strong, J. P. 
David Burnham and Xancy Gabriel, by Kov. James Robinson. 
Henry Hulso and Polly Wilson, by Silas G. Strong. J. P. 
John Reed and Jane Ann Snodgrass. by Samuel Robinson, J. P. 



-§vi¥#:"'- "«s&„^_ 





-6^/-' 




v^^^- 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 287 

Edmund Holycross and Jane Andrew, by Richard Gabriel, J. P. 
Thomas F. Woods and Sarah Shelpman, by Rev. James Dunlap. 
David Mitchell and Hannah Caldwell, by Rev. James Robinson. 
Harvey Burnham and Eliza Hovey, by Elias Robinson. J. P. 
Caleb Orahood and Elizabeth Shirk, by William Gladhill, J. P. 
Benjamin Gorton and Mary Ann Cooledge, by Rev. James Robinson. 
John McDonald and Philomela Miller; no return shown. 

1826. 
Adam Brake and Eva Baughan, by William Gladhill, J. P. 
John S. Lock and Louisa Harrington, by Silas G. Strong, J. P. 
Ira Patrick and Laura Tarpening, by James Bell, J. P. 
William Holycross and Amy Andrews, by Richard Gabriel, J. P. 
Jacob Sennet and Eve King, by James Boal, J. P. 
Lawrence Tarpening and Maiy Davis, by James Boal, J. P. 
Silas Bell and Abigail Sherman, by Samuel Farnum, J. P. 
John W. Edgar and Parmela Johnson, by William Gladhill, J. P. 
William Mitchell and Mary W. Reed, by Richard Gabriel, J. P> 
John P. Reed and Melinda Asher; no record. 
John King and Polly Porter, by Richard Gabriel, J. P. 
Minor Walcott and Clara Butler; no record. 
David Duval and Elizabeth Coleshine; no record. 
Levi Phillips and Sarah Cooper, by Silas G. Strong, J. P. 
William Robinson and Hannah Coe, by Rev. James Robinson. 
Cranston Bates and Mary Gaston; no record. 
Jason Rice and Julia Lathrop, by Silas G. Strong, J. P. 
Daniel Furrow and Polly Baty; no record. 

James D. Irwin and Polly Reynolds, by Silas G. Strong, J., P. 
Mordecai Boughn and Ozillye Orahood, by William Gladhill. J. P. 
James Cochran and Elizabeth Reed, by Silas G. Strong, J. P. 
Matthias Collins and Prudence Gates; no record. 
John Irwin and Rhoda Stokes, by Rev. John Inskeep. 
Aaron Men'iman and Mary Ann Sager; no record. 
Tobias Beightler and Sarah Amrine. by Andrew Amrine, J. P. 

1827. 
Joseph Gibson and Polly Anderson, by Rev. James Robinson. 
Aaron Harrison and Margaret Lukenbill, by William Richey. 
Thomas Randall and Mary Stuart, by Rev. James Robinson. 
Lyman Konknight and Sarah Culver, by Rev. James Duniap. 
Ralph Cherry and Rachel Comer; no record. 
Eli Frankenberger and Caroline Rice; no record. 
Abraham Elifrits and Polly Boram, by Silas G. Strong, J. P. 
Ralph Graham and Hannah Burdick, by William Richey, J. P. 
James Clark and Sarah Wilson, by Henry Swartz, J. P. 
John W. Plummer and Matilda Randall, by Silas G. Strong, J. P. 
Benjamin Fenner and Sarah Bennett, by Rev. Samuel Bradford. 
Richard Hoskins and Ann H. Martin, by Silas G. Strong, J. P. 

1828. 
Jehial P. Buckman and Clarinda A. Plummer, by Silas G. Strong, J. P. 
Lemuel Tucker and Maria Walton, by Silas Strong. 
Jonathan Bowen and Maliala Clark, by Samuel Farnuin, J. P. 
Samuel Beebe and Lucy Ann Rogers, by Judah Dodge, J. P. 



•288 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

James Russell and Charity Smith, by Silas G. Strong, J. P. 

Lucas Low and ^Margaret Sager: no return. 

Robert Snodgrass and Eleanor Robinson, bv Rev. James Robinson. 

William Harrison and America Harrison, by Samuel Farnum. J. P. 

Jesse Porter and Eleanor R. Reed: no return. 

Amos A. Williams and Eleanor Stewart; no record. 

Moses Taylor and Susan ^larshall. by Heniy Sager, J. P. 

John Luckenbell and Elizabeth Andrews, by EJiphas Burnham, J. P. 

Levi Hinton and America Ann Harrington, by William Richey. J. P. 

Welling Westlake and Sophia Elliott, by Andi-ew Amrine. J. P. 

Gideon Sennett and Lucy Alley, by David Mitchell, J. P. 

Samuel Simpson and Mary Brannan, by David Gallaud, J. P. 

William Parkison and Jane Reed, by Eliphas Biu'uham. J. P. 

Peter Andrus and Delila DeWitt. by Samuel Farnum, J. P. 

Levi Sager and Margaret Low, no record. 

Rodney Smith and Delila Reynolds, by Rev. Samuel Bradford. 

Christopher Myers and Hannah Graham, by William Richey, J. P. 

James Holycross and Miranda Impson, by David Mitchell, J. P. 

Otway Curry and Mary Noteman. by James Buck. J. P. 

John Kingry and Sophia Carter, by Henry Vangorden, J. P. 

1829. 

John West and Caroline Patch; no record. 

Michael Brake and Polly Shirk, by William Gladhill, J. P. 

Andrew Keyes and Rebecca Sabin, by Elias Robinson, J. P. 

Joseph Roseberry and Margaret Carter, by AMlliam Richey, J. P. 

William M. Robinson and Hannah H. Crawford, by David Mitchell, J. P. 

Samuel Reed and Sarah Davis, by Rev. B. Lawrence. 

David Reed and Mary Allen, by John Rathbun. J. P. 

Hollis Strong and Prudence S. Williams; no record. 

Hezekiah Spain and Susan Epps; no record. 

William Edgar and Rachel Kigar, by L-a Wood, J. P. 

Jesse Spurgin and Susan Wilson, by Samuel Farnum. 

Joseph Stokes and Mary Austin, by Rev. John Inskeep. 

Hiram Kent and Amanda Harrington, by Rev. Samuel Bradford. 

William Campbell and Ami Colbert, by Ira ^^'ood, J. P. 

Apples Eastman and Barbara Marquiss. by Henry Sager, J. P. 

Christian Stiner and Ruth Gibson, by Ira Wood. J. P. 

Jesse Bowen and Susannah Spergin, bv William Richey. J. P. 

Perry Hughbanks and Sarah A\hito. by D. Galland. J. P. 

William Coffman and Mary Brake, by William Gladhill. J. P. 

John Cartwi-ight and Martha Mitchell, by David Mitchell, J. P. 

Robert Graham and Judith Bell, by William Richey, J. P. 

Andrew Anuine and Ruth AVells, by A. Anu-ine. J. P. 

Zephaniah Westlake and Isabella Gregg, by Andrew Amrine, J. P. 

Ira Bennett and Betsy Scott; no record. 

Stephen Winget and Matilda W. TtTarshal, by David Mitchell, J. P. 

John Lane and Mary Dysert. by M illiam Richey, J. P. 

Manuel Brown and Lydia Crouse, by David ^Mitchell, J. P. 

George Parthemore and ]Maiy Wood, by David Mitcell, J. P. 

Hezekiah Spain and Susannah Epps, by Rev. John Inskeep. 

The tii'st election held within the limits of the present county of Union 
was for the township of Darby, in 1S03, when a Congressman was to be elect- 
ed from the State. This election was held at the house of Judofo David 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTV. 289 

Mitchell, and eighteen votes were ca-t. The election in the State at that 
time resulted in the choice of Jeremiah Moitow, of Wairen County, for Con- 
gress, and that sturdy pioneer and statesman made his journeys to the capital 
of the nation on horseback. 

In 1818 or 1819, the first brick house in Union Coanty was built by 
Samuel Robinson, on his fann in Darby Township. Benjamin and Xoah 
Tinkham manufactured the brick and laid them in the walls. 

William M. Robinson was a resident of Marysville, was bom on the 
farm of his father, James Robinson, in Darby Tov;nship, in April, 1808, aad 
was a curiosity from l)eing the only boy in the neighborhood. He remembers 
that the Indians encamped many a time opposite his fathei-'s place. They 
were always civil and peaceable. The boy used to be called "Whistling Will- 
iam" because of his habit of whistling much of the time. On one occasion, 
he was riding a horse tramping out wheat, in the old-fashioned way, and was 
whistling happily, when some Indian boys who happened along heard him 
and were surprised into a laugh; they had never heard whistling before. 
After awhile, the boy stopped whistling, but as ti\e young Indians seemed 
anxious for him to continue, his father told him to keep on. which he did, to 
the great delight of the youthful red-skins. The latter had their bows and 
arrows with them. When James Robinson was drafted during the war of 
1812, he left his wife and six childreu at home in the woods, but they were 
not much afraid, as the Indians were always so peaceable. The red people 
usually walked while traveling, but they had ponies and could have ridden 
had they desired. There were living in November, 1882, but three persons in 
Union County who had been residents thereof as long as Mr. Robinson, and 
those were George Snodgrass, of Marysville; Josiah Reed, of Union Town- 
ship, and Joel ConkJin, of Leesbui-g Township. This statement is made on 
the authority of Mr. Robinson. 

On the farm of James Robinson, in Darby Township, where he first l^egan 
to clear, were a couple of wild plum trees which afterward bore for many 
years. Those trees were yet alive in the fall of 1881, and it is probable that 
living poiiions of them may still be standing. They are indeed" old settlers." 

On the somh bank of Big Parby Creek, on land owned by Nathan How- 
ard, Esq., present County Commissioner, about two miles above Milford 
Center, is a locality known as the " Indian Fields," so called from having been 
a favorite camping ground of the Indians. They had two or thi'^e acres 
cleared, and the space subsequently grew up to a thicket of plum trees. The 
ground was never cultivated by the Indians, so far as known. It is in Allen 
Township, at its southern extremity. 

It was necessary for the settlers to have some means of preparing their 
grain for food, and the fh-st form of mill used was a " hominy block, " made 
by burning a hole in the top of a stump and aiTanging a sweep so that two 
men could pound corn into meal. For a sifter, a deer skin was stretched over 
a hoop, and small holes made in it by a hot iron — often a common steel 
table fork. Next followed the hand-mill, which was but a slight improve- 
ment; then the horse-mill, and finally the water-mill and steam-mill. These 
are given in the order of their importance, though in some localities it was 
the case that the water-mill was the first introduced. The first mill of any 
importance in Union County was a water-mill which was built by Frederick 
Sager, in what is now the township of Jerome. It stood on the north bank of 
Big Darby Creek, about a mile above Plain City (fonnerly Pleasant Yalley), 
and a short raceway was constmcted to convey the water to the wheel. The 
set of stones used by Mr. Sager he had manufactured from boAvlders found in 
the neighborhood, and they gi'ound everything that was brought for the pur- 



290 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

pose— wheat, buckwheat and corn. John F. Sabine, Esq., of Marysville, re- 
members going to this mill in 1814, and thinks it then had been standing for 
several years. It is stated that George Reed's lo^,' mill on the Big Darby, at 
Milford, was erected in 1810 or 1812, and that the date was prior to the erec- 
tion of Sager's mill, but the evidence is not sufficient to substautiate the fact. 
Both mills were built very early, and both were found by the inhabitants of 
the reo-ion at that time to be exceedingly convenient institutions. For sev- 
eral years after the first settlement of the county, the wheat crop was ner.rly a 
failure, and would scarcely grow at all on the Darby Plains, where now it is 
the principal cereal produced. Corn was the main crop of the pioneers, and 
on it their dependence was mostly placed for breadstuff; yet unfavorable 
seasons affected it greatly, and the higher — which were the i^oorer — lands 
were only cultivated for mauy years, or until a s}stem of drainage was adopt- 
ed, developing the lower lands into excellent crop-raising localities. Distil- 
leries abounded in all the settlements, and much of the corn raised was taken 
to them and worked up into whisky. Small copper stills were used, and a bushel 
of shelled corn was the price of a gallon of whisky. One of the earliest distil- 
leries in the county was owned by one of the Sagers, about one and a half miles 
west of Plain City. The article of whisky manufactured among the settlers was 
different in several respects from that commonly dispensed by dealers at the 
present day. It was nearer a genuine article, and was not warranted to kill 
at forty rods, yet if imbibed in sufficient qualities its immediate effects were 
not perceptibly different from those attendant upon the free use of liquor in 
this year of grace 1883. It is not denied that people "got ch-unk" in the 
times when log-cabins were the only mansions in this region, and it is even 
admitted that some of them were in a state of inebriation rather oftener than 
was conducive to their good; while it is freely stated that it was the custom 
for everybody to drink, hand out the bottle and cup to guests, and keep the 
article always on hand. A person who did not taste the liquor occasionally 
was almost a curiosity. 

Salt was a very expensive article. In Franklin County, some of the 
settlers manufactured it at a salt spring tlu-ee or four miles below Columbus, 
but the enterprise was not found to be profitable. It is not now known 
whether any of the salt from that locality found its way into Union County 
or not. Most of that used here was the Kanawha salt, procured at Cincinnati. 
After the State canal was opened, the New York salt was introduced, coming 
by way of Columbus. When purchased at Cincinnati, its usual cost was $3 
per bushel of fifty pounds. Salt came also from Zanesville. John Jolly, an 
early resident of Darby Township, wanted some salt at one time, and after 
threshing out twenty-five bushels of wheat, he took his ox team, hauled the 
grain to Zanesville, along with the necessary provisions for the trip, exchanged 
it for a barrel of salt and returned, having been absent from home for ten 
days. 

The stock owned by the early settlers was hardly equal in quality to that 
now seen in the same region. There were a few horses and cattle; the people 
from New England used oxen instead of horses, as a rule. After a time, im- 
provements were begun by the settlers on the plains, and the inferior varieties 
became known as " woods stock. " As by law required, each owner of an 
animal had his private mark, crop or brand placed upon it. All animals 
were allowed to run at largo. " Hogs ran wild without a pen," and among 
the older settlements the principal legal suits were brought for stealing hogs. 
When the supply of pork was short, it was only necessary to step out and 
shoot some stray grunter in order to replenish the barrel. If the animal's 
ears happened to bear the mark of some other owner, they were cut off and 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 291 

thrown away. It was not customary to obtain an abstract of title to the 
doomed hog when the larder was empty, and one man stood as good show as 
another. 

Among the evils which brought terror into the settlements for a consid- 
erable number of years was the dread disease known as milk-sickness. Its real 
cause was never known, but it is now supposed that it lay in a fungus growth 
which abounded in deeply shaded places. At all events, the disease disap- 
peared after the country was cleared up. Its effects were nearly always fatal ; 
it caused terrible suffering, the thirst of the victim being intense from the 
internal fever caused by the poison within. It was common everywhere, and 
many persons died from contracting it. Occasionally one recovered, and those 
who did, though now wearing the livei-y of age, remark the extreme suffering 
they underwent during the time they were ill. There are several persons now 
living in Marysville who lost relatives by it, and who were themselves almost 
past recovery, but who fortunately withstood the attack and lived to tell of 
its terrors. 

An observing person would have noticed great difference in the manners 
of the seltlers from different regions of country. The New Englander had 
his peculiarities, but they were not in the least like those of the Pennsyl- 
vanian, and either was unlike the Virginian, the Carolinian, or the Kentuck- 
ian. An occasional New Yorker found a home in this county, and he, too, 
possessed the traits of the State from which he had emigrated. The customs 
of the fathers were handed down to their sons, and it is quite easy, even at the 
present time, if possessed of a thorough knowledge of the manners of the 
people of the various States here represented, to determine whence the inhab- 
itants derive their lineage, The county of Union, however, is more cosmo- 
politan than most of its southern neighbors, and the blending of the different 
classes has resulted in a general community of which any State might be 
proud. Here is a thrifty and enterprising population, inhabiting a I'egion 
rapidly developing into one of the best in the great State of Ohio. 

In some of the sm'rounding counties, it was customary among the pio- 
neers, upon their arrival, to construct three-sided, sloping-roofed shanties, 
which they called " camps." In front of thfl fourth side, which was open to 
the weather, a huge fire of logs was kept burning, and these primitive struct- 
ures were occupied iintil the regularly built log cabin was ready for occu- 
pancy. In Union County, however, it is stated that very few of the " camps " 
were ever built, the settlers preparing the log houses for permanent occu- 
pation at the very start and thus saving considerable labor. If help was 
plenty, it was easy to build a cabin in a day. The shingles, or " clapboards," 
four feet long, were split out on the ground, and the roof, held firmly in place 
by weight poles, could without much extra labor be put on the same day. 
It sometimes occurred that a family moved into its cabin before the puncheon 
floor was laid or the door hung, but this was in case of extreme weather, when 
some place of shelter was indispensable. 

A person writing about 184:6-4:7, of early days in Delaware County, re- 
corded the following items, which are as applicable to pioneer times in Union 
County : 

" I learn from the old pioneers that during the early period of the county 
the people were in a condition of complete social equality; no aristocratic 
distinctions were thought of in society, and the first line of demarkation 
drawn was to separate the very bad from the general mass. Their parties 
were for raisings and log rollings, and, the labor being finished, their sports 
usually were shooting and gymnastic exercises with the men, and convivial 
amiisements among the women; no punctilious formality nor ignoble aping 



292 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

the fashions of lic.-ntious Paris marred their assemblies, but all were happy 
and enjoyed themselves iu seeing others so. The rich and the poor dressed 
alike — the men generally wearing hunting shirts and buckskin pants, and the 
women attired in coarse fabrics produced by their own hands. Such was their 
common and holiday dress, and if a fair damsel wished a superb di-ess for her 
bridal day, her highest aspiration was to obtain a common American cotton 
check. The latter, which now sells for a shilling a yard, then cost SI, and 
live yards was deemed an ample pattern ; silks, satins and fancy goods, that 
now inflate our vanity and deplete our purses, were not then even di-eamed of. 
The cabins were furnished in the same style of simplicity; the bedstead was 
home made, and often consisted of forlced sticks driven into the ground, with 
crois poles to sup^^ort the clapboards or the cord. One pot, kettle and frying- 
pan were the only articles considered indispensable, though some included 
the tea -kettle; a few plates and dishes upon a shelf in one corner was as sat- 
isfactory as is now a cupboard full of china, and their food relished well from 
a puncheon table. Some of the wealthiest families had a few split bottom 
chairs, but as a general thing sf.ools and benches answered the place of 
lounges and sofas, and at first the green sward or smoothly leveled earth 
served the double purpose of floor and carpet. Whisky toddy was considered 
luxury enough for any party; the woods furnished abundance of venison, and 
corn pone supplied the place of every variety of pastry. Flour could not for 
some time be obtained nearer than Chillicothe or Zanesville; goods wei'e 
very high, and none but the most common kinds were brought here, and had 
to be packed on horses or mules from Detroit, or wagoned from Philadelphia 
to Pittsburgh, thence down the Ohio River in flat-boats to the mouth of the 
Scioto, and then packed, or hauled up. The freight was enormous, costing 
often $4 per ton. Tea retailed at from $2 to $3 a ])ound, coffee 75 cents, salt 
$5 to $6 per bushel (50 pounds). The coarsest calicos were $1 per yard, whisky 
from $1 to $2 per gallon, and as much of the latter was sold as of all other 
articles, for several years after Delaware was laid out; but it must be remem- 
bered that this then was the border town, and had considerable trade with the 
Indians. It was the common practice to set a bottle on each end of the 
counter for customers to help themselves gratuitously to enable them to pur- 
chase advantageously! Many people suffered hardships and endured priva- 
tions that now seem insupportable." 

The log-cabin of the pioneer has been so often described that most per- 
sons are familiar with its peculiarities, even though they may never have seen 
such a building; but it is not out of place to give a description here: When 
the walls of the cabin had been laid, the spaces between the logs were tilled 
with split sticks of wood, which made up the ''chinking." and a "daubing" of 
clay mortar was plastered over, making a comparatively solid and su.bstantial 
wall, through which the cold wind seldom swept in winter, and through which 
the excessive summer heat hardly penetrated. The floor was often nothing 
more than earth tramped hard and smooth, but the kind commonly in use was 
made of "puncheons," or split logs with the flat sides upward, hewed smooth. 
The roof was made by gradually drawing in the top to the ridge-pole, laying the 
" clapboards " on cross pieces and fastening them down with long weight-poles. 
In constructing a tire-place, a space about six feet in length was cut out of the 
logs on one side of the room, and three sides were built up with logs, making 
an offset in the wall. If stones were plenty in the neighborhood, they were 
used to line the fire-place; if not, earth was brought into requisition. The flue, 
or upper part of the chimney, was built of small split sticks, two and a half 
or three feet in length, carried a little space above the roof and plastered over 
with clay; this, when finished, was called a "catand-clay chimney." A spaae 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTi'. 293 

was cut in one side of the room for a door- way, and a door made of clap- 
boards was hung (»n wooden hinges, secui-ed by wooden pins to two cross-pieces. 
The fastening was a wooden ^atch catching on a hook of the same material. 
To open the door from the outside, a strip of buckskin was tied to the latch 
and drawn through a hole a few inches above the latch -bar; on pulling the 
string, the latch was lifted and the door was pushed open. To lock up the 
house it was only necessary to draw in the latch-string. 

"Here the family lived," says a writer, "and here the guest and way- 
farer were made welcome. The living-room was of good size, but to a large ex- 
tent it was all — kitchen, bedroom, parlor and arsenal, with flitches of bacon 
and rings of dried pumpkin suspended from the rafters. In one corner were 
the loom and other implements used in the manufacture of clothing, and 
around the ample tire-place was collected the kitchen furniture. The cloth- 
ing lined one side of the sleeping apartment, suspended from pegs driven in 
the logs. Hemp and flax were generally raised, and a few sheep kept. Out 
of these the clothing for the family and the sheets and coverlets were made 
by the females of the house. The country abounded with the weed called 
Spanish needle, which seemed to grow everywhere and in immense quantities. 
Instances are given where this plant was pulled and treated precisely as flax, 
making a beautifully white and substantial goods. Over the door was placed the 
trusty rifle, and just back of it hung the powder horn and hunting- pouch. In 
the well-to-do families, or when crowded on the ground floor, a loft was some- 
times made to the cabin for a sleeping place, and the storage of ' traps ' and 
articles not in common use. The loft was reached by a ladder secured to 
the wall; generally the bedrooms were separated from the living room by 
sheets and coverlets suspended from the rafters, but, until the means of making 
these partition walls were ample, they lived and slept in the same room. 
The morning ablutions were made at the trough near the spring, sometimes 
from a pewter basin on a stump near the door. 

" Familiarity with this mode of living did away with much of the discom- 
fort, but as soon as the improvement could be made, there was added to the 
cabin another room, or a double log-cabin was constructed, being substan- 
tially a three- faced camp, with a log room on each end and containing a loft. 
The furniture in the cabin corresponded with the house itself. The articles used 
in the kitchen were as few and simple as can be imagined. A 'Dutch oven,' 
a skillet, a long-handled frying-pan, an iron pot or kettle, and sometimes a 
coffee-pot, constituted the utensils of the best furnished kitchen. A little 
later, when a stone wall formed the base of the chimney, a long iron crane 
swung in the chimney place, which on its pot-hook carried the boiling kettle 
or heavy iron pot. The cooking was all done on the fire-place and at the tire, 
and the style of cooking was as simple as the utensils. Indian or corn meal 
was the common flour, which was made into 'pone,' or 'corn-dodger,' or 'hoe- 
cake,' as occasion or variety demanded. The 'pone' and the 'dodger' were 
baked in the Dutch oven, which was tirst set on a bed of glowing coals. 
AVhen the oven was tilled with the dough, the lid, already heated on the tire, 
was placed on the oven and covered with hot embers and ashes. When the 
bread was done, it was taken from the oven and placed near the tire to keep 
warm while some other food was being prepared in the same way for the forth- 
coming meal. The ' hoe-cake ' was prepared in the same way as the dodger — 
that is, a stiff dough was made of the meal and water, and, taking as much as 
could conveniently be held in both hands, it was molded into the desired 
shape by being tossed from hand to hand, then laid on a board or flat stone 
placed at an angle before the tire, and patted down to the required thickness. 
In the fall and early winter, cooked pumpkin was added to the meal dough. 



294 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

giving a flavor and richness to the bread not attained by the modern methods. 
In the oven from which tlie bread was taken, the venison or ham was then 
fried, and, in the winter, lye hominy, made from the unbroken grains of corn, 
added to tlie frugal meal. The woods abounded in honey, and of this the 
settlers had an abundance the year round. For some years after settlements 
were made, the corn meal formed the staple commodity for bread. '•' 

In everything the pioneers were economical, and they made the best of 
such advantages as circu.mstances furnished. The rifle, with its accompany- 
ing appendages — powder-horn, bullet molds, bullet-pouch and wiping stick 
— was an indispensable weapon-, the ax was also an implement without which 
no one would think of venturing into the wilderness with the view of making 
a home there. Such other tools, dishes, etc., as could be conveniently trans- 
ported, were taken along, but for many articles they placed reliance on their 
ingenuity to invent after they should become settled. Rude and rough as 
these home-made necessaries were, they answered the purposes for which they 
were intended, and complaint was never heard because they were not of better 
quality or more finished appearance. In the struggle to provide against the 
needs of the future, each accepted the conveniences at hand and wi'ought 
patiently toward the acccimplishment of the object for which he had entered 
a strange country. The clothing worn by the immigrants was made, by careful 
use, to do duty until crops of flax or hemp could be grown out of which new 
household apparel could be manufactured. After sheep were introduced, it 
was easier to work up the material for clothing, and the spinning wheel, wool 
card, winding blades, reel, warping bars and loom were familiar implements 
to the pioneer women, old and young. A pioneer of Champaign County thus 
writes: " The boys were required to do their share of the hard labor of clear- 
ing up the farm, for at the time the country now under the plow was in every 
direction heavily timbered or covered with a dense thicket of hazel and young 
timber. Our visits were made with ox teams, and we walked or rode on horse- 
back or in wagons to meeting. The boys pulled, broke and hackled flax, 
wore tow shirts and indvilged aristocratic feelings in fringed hunting-shirts 
and coon-skin caps; picked and carded wool by hand, and spooled and quilled 
yarn for the weaving till the back ached. " 

Rail or pole corn-cribs, covered with clapboards or prairie hay, wooden 
plows, rail fences, wooden-toothed harrows — or in their stead, heavy brush 
dragged over the ground — the mattock and hoe, etc., were the agricultural 
implements used. The ground was rich and mellow, and good crops of corn 
were the rule. A bushel and a quarter was sown broadcast to tlie acre. 
"Occasionally, a field would be grown producing what was called 'sick wheat,' 
so named from its tendency to cause vomiting. Various devices were adopted 
to obviate this, but none of any avail; but it was commonly understood that 
the best thing to be done with it was to convert it into whisky. " Wheat 
ripened early in July, and at first was cut with the sickle; afterward the cradle 
was introduced, being a great improvement, and in the coui'se of time the 
needs of the farmer were supplied by the reaper, the first one being a clumsy 
afiair compared with the perfect machines of to day. The grain was thrashed 
either with the flail or tramped out on a hard clay floor by horses — generally 
the latter process being adopted. Many a gray-haired citizen of Union County 
at this time will recall the painful and tiresome experience of riding a bare- 
backed horse, in none too good condition, all day on the golden straw, round 
and round in a circle, while one or two persons turned and kept it in place. 
After the grain was winnowed, with the aid of the wind, it was ready for mill 
or market, notwithstanding it contained more or less chaff and dirt. Colum- 
bus, Sandusky, Dayton and Cincinnati furnished markets for the wheat, and 



, HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 297 

after transpoi-ting it to any of those places it brought but a small price — 25 to 
40 cents per bushel. A bushel of wheat would just pay the postage on a letter 
from the old home in the East, and at such a rate it may easily be understood 
that coiTespondence was limited. Apple seeds brought from the older settle- 
ments were planted, and in a few years there was plenty of hard cider — used 
as a temperance drink, and as thorough an intoxicant as the whisky. Cider 
brandy, or "apple jack," was a favorite beverage, and in some localities 
"cider was used as a remedy for all sorts of ills. A kind of tea made of hard 
strong cider, with a pepper pod sliced into it, was a dose to make rheumatism 
beat a retreat; willow bark and the heart of an iron wood pickled in cider was 
good for fever and ague.* Wild cheny bark and cider was a warming tonic, 
etc." Hard cider was a power in politics in the Harrison campaign of 1840, 
and many a zealous supporter of the hero of Tippecanoe " primed up in a mug 
of hard cider " in order to take the cobwebs from his throat and enable him to 
sing the rousing campaign songs which aided so largely in coaxing victory to 
perch on the banner of the "Whig party. 

Root beer and home-brewed ale were also used by the settlers. The sugar 
maple and the "bee tree" furnished sweets for the household. The Indians 
learned from the whites the process of making maple sugar, but their mode 
was hardly as cleanly as that of their teachers. A Avriter says: "W^hen their 
siiTip was about ready to gi-anulate, they would have a raccoon ready to cook, 
which they would put into the simp, hair, skin, entrails and all. The coon 
would get done in a short time, when he was removed and allowed to cool. A 
crust of sugar came away with the hair and skin. The flesh seemed nicely 
cooked, but the sugar — well !" It is a fact that, in later years, where there are 
yet Indians living on their reservations — notably in Michigan — they will 
make maple sugar to sell, but when they wish afterward to purchase any for 
their own use, they will ask for "white man's cake sugar;" they do not care 
to eat that of their own manufacture. 

Money was a scarce article among the early settlers, most of them coming 
into the forest with scarcely the bare necessities of a primitive life. Barter 
was the general system of trade, and the farmers "changed work" with their 
neighbors in busy seasons, in order that none might be behind. The small 
amount of money in circulation was confined almost exclusively to the centers 
of trade. Spanish milled dollars, divided into halves or quarters, constituted 
what was called "cut money," so prepared for the purpose of making change, 
as but a small amount of fractional currency was to be obtained, and not 
enough to supply the demand. Most of the money which the settler could 
raise was expended for taxes, and in payments on his lands, for these were 
obligations which could be discharged m no other manner. 

The following homely rhyme illustrates pioneer times in a comprehensive 
manner. It was prepared to be read August 21, 1878, at the golden wedding 
of Thomas Snodgrass and wife, of Marysville, but was not presented on that 
occasion. Mr. Snodgrass was a native of Union County, and in 1828 married 
Eliza Calloway. The "poem" is entitled 

NEW COUKTRT. 

"This wilderness was om* abode 
Full fifty years ago; 
And when we wished good meat to eat 

We caught a fawn or doe. 
For fish we used the hook and line, 
' And pounded corn to make it fine; 

On johnny-cakes our ladies dine 
In ti:is new country. 

* There is a tradition that farther south, on the Kentucky side of the Ohio River, a sovereign remedy for th 
" chills " was to swallove a bullet. 



298 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. , 

"Our paths were througli the winding wood, 
Where oft the savage trod; 
They were not wide, nor scarce a guide, 

But they were all we had. 
Our houses, too. were logs of wood. 

Rolled up in squares and caulked with mud ; 
If the bark was tight our roofs were good. 
In this new country. 

"We wandered through the fields and woods 
And drank of the purling stream: 
No doctor, priest or lawyer here 

Was scarcely to be seen; 
Our health, it' needed no repair, 

No pious man -for God is praj'er; 
And who would fee a lawyer here 
In this new country? 

"Our children, too, in careless glee, 
Oft made their mothers sigh; 
And the savage bear was oft aware 

He heard our children cry; 
The rattlesnake our children dread. 

And ofttinies fearful mothers said, 
'I fear some beast will take my babe,' 
In this new country. 

" Our occupation was to make 
The lofty forest bow; 
With axes"^good we chopped our wood. 

For well we all knew how; 
We cleared our laud for rye and wheat. 

For strangers and ourselves to eat; 
From the maple tree we drew our sweet 
In this new countrj-. 

"Of deer skins we made moccasins, 
To wear upon our feet; 
And checkered shirts we thought no hurt 

Good company to meet. 
Was there a visit to be paid, 

By winter's night or winter's da3% 
The oxi'n drew our ladies' sleigh « 

In this new countrj'. 

" The little thorn bore apples on. 
When mandrakes they were gone; 
And sour grapes we used to eat 
When wintry nights came on. 
For wintergreen. the girls did stray; 

For butternuts, boys climbed the trees. 
And spicewood was our ladies' tea 
In this new country. 

"And fifty years, now, have fled. 

And their scenes have passed awaj'; 
And since my Avife and I were wed 

We liave grown old and gray; 
And as this is our wedding day, 

Unto our friends we would sa}'. 
Prepare to meet us in that day 
In the good country." 

EARLY RELIGIOUS MATTERS. 

About 1799, the Presbytery of Transylvania, Ky., was divided into three 
Presbyteries, viz. : Transylvania, West Lexington and Washington, the latter 
including all that portion of Ohio west of the Scioto River. Rev. Archibald 
Steele, a licentiate of Washington Presbytery, and an uncle of Gen. AVilliam 
B. Irwin, a former well-kuown citizen of Union County, was commissioned 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 299 

as a missionary in Southwestern Ohio in the spring of 1799, with authority to 
visit all new settlements, make out a list of all members of his denomination, 
whenever they wanted a church, and report to the Presbytery for proper 
action. An extract from his journal, as follows, shows how and where he 
found some of the first Presbyterian families in Union County: "Leaving 
Buck Creek, took the trail for Darby; at 4 o'clock arrived at the house of 
my old friend Joshua Ewing, where the family, consisting of Joshua and his 
family, James, his brother, Betsey, his sister, and their aged mother, lived in 
a new town on the west bank of Big Darby, named North Liberty. " This 
was in the southeast part of what is now Darby Township. Here 'Mr. Steele 
organized a Px*esbyterian Church in the fall of 1800, calling it North Liberty. 
Joshua Ewing and Samuel Kirkpatrick were elected Elders at the organiza- 
tion of this, the first religious body formed in what now constitutes Union 
County, and one of the pioneer organizations of the State. But very few 
families had then settled in the neighborhood, and the membership of this 
church included most of them. The people lived far apart, and never had a 
pastor nor stated supply. Neither was a house of worship erected, and in a 
short time the organization was dissolved by mutual consent. Out of the 
materials that belonged to it, however, the churches of Upper and Lower 
Liberty were formed, the former being near what is now Milford Center, and 
organized in the latter part of 1807 or early in 1808. Rev. Samuel Woods, 
was the first pastor, from whose tombstone is taken the following: " Rev. 
Samuel Woods, first pastor of the Presbyterian Church of Upper and Lower 
Liberty, was installed pastor in this church June 15, 1808, and died April 
27, 1815, in the thirty-sixth year of his age." Mr. Woods was born in Cum- 
berland County, Penn., January 15, 1779, and was a graduate of Dickinson 
Coll'^ge, at Carlisle, Penn. 

The first house of worship erected by a religious society in Union County 
was built by the Presbyterians of Upper Liberty, in 1809. It stood on the 
line dividing the farms of Rev. S. Woods and Elder Samuel Reed, between 
the road and the old graveyard. "It was a plain, primitive building of hewn 
logs, twenty-four feet square. All the materials and mechanical labor were 
supplied by the membership. It was not necessary to consult an architect and 
get up plans and specifications and give out the contract to the lowest respon- 
sible bidder, and then, when dedication day came, report a few thousand as a 
debt to be removed before the Lord could get the building. But this primi- 
tive church edifice was for many years without the means of heating; the 
people, therefore, met during the winter in schoolhouses and private dwell- 
ings. It was also very plain internally; slabs with rude legs were used for 
seats. Tradition has it that two or three families in process of time became 
so aristocratic as to construct backs to their pews, thus showing that at a very 
early day invidious distinctions will intrude themselves upon a chui'ch." An 
addition of eighteen feet was made to one side of the old church about 1822- 
23, and the building was used until 1834, when a brick structure was erected 
at Milford Center, and the congregation removed there. The old house stood 
a 2nile and a half east of the village, on the north side of Darby Creek. 

A STRANGE RELIGIOUS SECT. 

Nelson Cone, of Jerome Township, and an old settler of Union County, 
furnishes the following article under the above head. It was read at the 
annual meeting of the Union County Pioneers, September 27, 1882: 

" Early in the winter of 1816-i7. a band of fanatics, calling themselves 
'Wandering Pilgi-ims,' came from the East, crossing Darby at Georgesville. 
At this point, being undecided which course to take, their leader, who was 



300 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

styled the Propliet, settled the matter by placing his staff at the forks of the load 
and allowino- it to drop. It fell along the road leading up stream, which 
thev then followed to a village on Treacle's Creek, in Union Township, called 
Ricetown. Here they remained three or fonr weeks, practicing and preach- 
ino- their peculiar religious rites and doctrines. They were a motley set — 
men, womeo and children — numbering in all from thirty-six: to forty persons. 
The men were unshaven and all wei'e uncombed and unwashed, it being a 
part of their religion to wash neither garment nor person. Each person, old 
and younc, wore over the back a piece of coarse canvas, representing sack- 
cloth. A more squalid, filthy- looking set of beings could scarcely be imagined. 
It was their habit to pass fi'om place to place, begging meal and milk and 
lodcrino-s wherever night happened to overtake them. Their religion taught 
them to use neither knife, fork, spoon nor plate, aad they were forbidden to 
toTTch the lip to cup or vessel out of which a 'Gentile' had ever drank. In 
preparing food, the meal was first cooked in a large vessel, which was then 
placed in the center of the room and mixed freely with milk, making a dish 
which they called ' hasty puddin' .' The company then threw themselves on 
the fioor about the vessel, reclining in imitation of the apostles, and fed them- 
selves with the right hand. Meantime the Prophet walked around the group, 
jabbering an exorcism in what they called an unknown tongue. I remember 
very distinctly the words, 'yaw, yum, yum, yam, yum, yam,' repeated over 
ao-ain and ao-ain The devil by this was supposed to be forbidden the sacred 
circle. Now and then, when meat happened to form part of their i-epast. the 
old Prophet's exorcism would be interspersed with rapid admonitions. ' Don't 
eat up all the meat; I don't care nothin' about the puddin'.' Never washing, their 
hands were of coiu-se black with dirt, except the fingers of the right hand to 
the knuckle joints, which were kept by the process of eating singularly white 
and clean. To save themselves from pollution in drinking, they each carried 
a quill, or wooden tube, with which to suck water from a vessel. In tneir 
devotion, they would, all of them, utter in concert meaningless jabber, each in 
the natui-al tone of voice, exclaiming, 'My God. my God. my God, my God,' 
several times repeated, following and closing with, 'Bah, ba, bah, ba, bah. ba, 
ba.' From whence they came or whei'e they went, no one seemed to know. 
Report had it that the Prophet, in trying to walk the waters of the Little 
Miami soon after, was di'owned. It was said that the wily old pretender had 
fixed a plank walk just under the sui-face of the water, on which he had made 
frequent exhibitions of his miraculous powers. One night some one removed 
one of the planks, and a rain having roiled the water, the Pi'ophet went head- 
long into the gap and was drowned. " 

SCHOOLS. 

It was several years after the first settlements were made in the county 
before attention was turned to educational matters. The people had been too 
busily engaged in preparing their homes and clearing the groiiud for cultiva 
tion. As soon, however, as circumstances would admit, instructors of the 
youthful mind found employment, and the simple log-cabin in which the 
school was kept sent smoke from its chimney curling upward through the 
trees of the forest. The dwellings of the inhabitants were often temporarily 
used as schoolhouses, and the pedagogue who found himself placed in charge 
of a troop of backwoods youngsters was welcomed by their parents as a valu- 
able addition to their little community. He enjoyed all the pleasures of 
"boarding around," and partook of the homely fare set before him with as 
keen a relish as any of his entertainers. When a schoolhouse was built, it 
was of a simple sort so often described — a "rude log structm-e, " with a great 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 301 

chimney and a wide fire-place, an opening cut in the logs for a window and 
stopped with greased paper, which admitted a softened light, slab benches 
standing on wooden i)egs, a slab desk running around the sides of the room 
and resting on wooden pins placed in holes bored in the logs. The books 
used were few and made to do long service: arithmetic was thoroughly known 
to the more advanced scholars as far as the "single rule of three." or perhaps 
bevond that, after the "master" had taught them about as far as he knew, and 
then they were ready to "c^uit school." Reading and writing Avere taught in all 
schools, and these three formed nearly the sum total of the branches which it 
was deemed necessary for the pupils to understand. A little later, geography, 
grammar and other studies were introduced, and step by step, as the times 
demanded, the schools developed until finally the magnificent system now in 
use was adopted, and even that has been greatly .unproved since its intro- 
duction. 

The first school in Union County was taught in 1812 or 1813, in Darby 
Township, in a private dwelling near the Mitchell Graveyard, by Alexander 
Robinson. Abner Chapman taught a schcjol near Plain City, in 1813; this 
was attended by members of James Robinson's family, from Darby Township. 
In 1814, a school was taught in a log schoolhouse which stood near the resi- 
dence of Thomas Robinson, also in Darby Township. Henrietta Millington 
first presided over this school. As the settlements progressed, schools were 
organized and schoolhouses erected in various parts of the county, and ex- 
cellent educational facilities have been enjoyed for many years. County 
Auditor W. L. Curry, in his last annual report upon the schools, thus writes: 

" In submitting this annual report, I am happy' to say that the year has 
nut been without its good results in the schools of this county. Several new 
and beautiful schooolhouses have been erected during the year, and they are 
the best exponents of the interest taken by the people in the education of 
their children; and as a genei'al rule the people who have the enterprise to 
erect good school buildings employ the best teachers and have the best schools, 
and the good influence exerted over pupils by having neat, well-arranged 
schoolhouses and beautiful grounds surrounding cannot be overestimated — 
to which all good instructors can give ready testimony. Our country school- 
houses are not as well equipped for the work of teaching with a supply of 
apparatus, such as maps, charts and globes, as they should be, but there is a 
gradual improvement in that direction. It has been the aim of our Board of 
Examiners for the last few years to raise the standard of teachers' qualifica- 
tions, and I am glad to report that their efforts in that direction have not been 
entirely futile, for it is now scarcely possible for an incompetent teacher to 
procure a certificate even of the lowest gi-ade, and they are zealously sustained 
in their course by the best teachers and intelligence of the county. 

"The salaries paid teachers in this county will compare favorably with 
our sister counties, yet there is a vast difference in the wages paid teachers in 
the several townships within the county, and as a consequence the best salaries 
always draw the best teachers. The Teachers' Institute was well attended this 
year [1882], there being 122 teachers enrolled. The Institute is one of the 
best helps, especially to the young and inexperienced teachers, and all felt 
this year that their time and money were well spent. The educational depart- 
ment introduced two years ago in our county fair is gradually growing in 
favor, and the exhibition this year was much better than last. Premiums 
were awarded as follows: 

First — Examination papers 

Second — Letter writing. 

Third — Book-keeping. 



302 . . HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Fourth — Map drawing. 

Fifth — Specimen drawing. 

S ixth — Dechxmation . 

Seventh — Essay writing. 

Eighth — School showing greatest number of visitors. 

Ninth — Daily programme. 

Tenth — Geological collections and Indian relics. 

Eleventh — Best collection of grasses. 

Twelfth — Best collection of postage stamps. 

Thirteenth — Best collection of pressed Howers. 

Fourteenth — Best specimens stiitfed. 

Fifteenth — Best specimen painting. 

" The graded schools of oui- county have done much to promote emulation 
with our better class of teachers. The interest in the graded schools of Marys- 
ville and liichwood has been fully maintained during the past year. The 
public rhetorical exercises given semi-monthly in the hall of the Mary.Bville 
schools, by the pupils of the several grades, continue to be very popular and 
draw crowded houses. During the past year the pupils of the several grades 
have studied some particular author, which had been previously assigned, and 
the subjects for essays, etc., related to the author, and the selections for 
declamation were selected from the writings of the author. These studies 
have proven very profitable to the pupils, giving them a considerable knowl- 
edge of the literature of our language, and the methods pursued seem to be 
at least a partial solution of the vexed question, ' How shall young people be 
taught to read f The entertainments have been of a high character, and have 
also been very interesting and pleasant. 

" There Jaas been no very startling improvement in the reports of Town- 
ship Clerks, as in many instances I am compelled to wi'ite for the report of 
the Board of Education and the enumeration report, and then in some cases 
the balances do not correspond with the balances of their own Township 
Treasurers and the books of the Auditor; and this is one of the evils of so 
often chancving Clerks. But thus will it ever be until we have some kind of 
supervision." 

UNION COUNTY IN 1837. 

The following description of Union County appears in the Ohio Gazet- 
teer, compiled by Warren Jenkins, and published in Columbus by Isaac N. 
Whiting, in 1837: 

" Union, an interior county, bounded on the north by Hardin and Marion, 
east by Delaware, south by Madison and Franklin, and on the west by 
Champaign and Logan Counties. It is twenty -seven miles long from north 
to south, and eighteen broad from east to west, containing 450 square miles.* 
It is divided into the eleven townships of Allen, Claibourne, Darby, Jackson, 
Jerome, Leesburg, Liberty, Mill Creek, Paris, Union and "York. It has five 
post offices, viz. : Coberleys, Darby Creek, Marysville, Milford Center, Kich- 
wood. It also contains the towns ol Marysville, the county seat. Milford and 
liichwood. It is watered by Darby, Mill, Boke's and Rush Creeks, all of which 
rise in Logan County and run into the Scioto River, affording sufficient water- 
power for mills a considerable part of the season. The land adjacent to 
these streams is generally very fertile and pleasant; but it is supj)Osed that 
not more than one-eighth part is under cultivation. The face of the country 
is generally level, interspersed with gentle slopes or ridges, admirably 
adapted to grazing. Of the different religious denominations in the county, 

* Overestiuiiitcil, jis seen by figures elsewhere in this volume. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 303 

the Methodists are believed to be the most numerous; but the Presbyterians 
and Unitarians are thouglit to be nearly equal to them. There are also some 
Baptists, Seceders, etc. 

" The county was organized in the year 1820, but the settlement com- 
menced in what is now Union County m the year 1799. The names of the 
settlejs were George Reed, Samuel Reed, Samuel Kirkpatrick, Samuel Mitch- 
ell, David Mitchell, his brother, Joshua Ewing, James Ewing, ]\[a brother. 
They purchased their lands of Lucas SuUivant. formerly a great landholder, 
in the year 1797, on Darby Croek. They were all natives of Pennsylvania. 
In 1801 or 1802, several other persons emigrated from Pennsylvania, 
among whom were Samuel Reed (brother to the above-mentioned George 
Reed), William, Richard and John Gabriel, brothers — the two last named 
were twins — all pui'chased their lands of said Sullivant. Population at the 
last census [year 1830J, 3,192." 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Among the papers belonging to Richard Gabriel, who was County Clerk 
in 1822, were found old documents of which the following are copies: 

To THE Clerk op Union County, State of Ohio: 

Sir — Please to accommodate the bearer, Michael S. Wood, with license to marry with 
our daughter, Eliza Thayer. As we believe all parties are agreed to the match, we send 
vou these lines. So doing, you will oblige, yours, etc., etc., 

Uriah Wood, Robert Dodge, 
Dimes Wood, Mercy Dodge. 
Derby Township, July the 12th, 1822. 

You, Daniel Black, do solemnly swear in the presence of Almighty God, that the scalp 
now produced by you is the scalp of a wolf that was killed or taken in this county, by 
you, within twenty days last past, and you verily believe the same to be over the age of 
six months, and that you have not spared the life of any bilch-wolf in your power to kill, 
with design to increase the breed. His 

Daniel X Black. 
mark. 

You do, William Cummins, solemnly swear that the scalp now produced by you is the 
scalp of a wolf that was taken and killed by you within this county within tw^enty days 
last past, and you verily believe the same to be over the age of six months, and that you 
have not spared the life of any she wolf in your power to kill, with design to increase the 
breed. William Cummins. 

Attest: Richard Gabriel, Clerk. 

In the year 1870, there were in Union County on the 1st of June, 331 
people of the age of seventy years or over, distributed among the several townships 
as follows: Jerome, 22; Paris, 55; Darby, 16; Allen, 25; Union, 30; Mill 
Creek, 18; Claiboui-ne, 34; Taylor, 22; York, 19; AVashington, 6; Jackson, 
16; Dover, 17; Leesburg, 24; Liberty, 27. 

The following is a copy of a militaiy commission issued by Gov. Thomas 
Corwin, in 1841, the man to whom it was given having been a resident 
physician in Union Township, Union County: 

In the Name and by the Authority of the State op Ohio. 

j COAT OP ARMS | Thomas Corwin, Governor and Commander-in-Chief of said State, 

( OF OHIO. y to David H. Silver, greeting: 

It appearing to me that you are dul}^ appointed, on the twentieth day of June, 1841, 
Surgeon of the First Regiment of Infantry, Fourth Brigade and Thirteenth Division, in 
the militia of this State: 

Now knoio you, That, by the power vested in me by the constitution and laws of said 
State, and reposing special trust and confidence in your courage, activity, fidelity and good 
conduct, I do, by these presents, commission you as Surgeon of said regiment; and hereby 
authorizing and requiring you to discharge, all and singular, the duties and services apper- 
taining to 3'our said office, agreeably to law, and to obey such instructions as you shall, 
from time to time, receive from your superior officer. 



304 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my name, and caused the Great Seal of the 
State of Oliio to be affixed, at Cokunbus, the fourth day of" June, in the 
[state seal] year of our Lord one thousand eight luindred and fortj'-one, and in the 
sixty-sixth year of the independence of the United States of America. 

Thomas Corwin. . 
By the Governor: 

J. Sloane, Ser.retary of State. 
State op Ohio, Union County, ss. 

Before the subscriber, William Orr, Colonel of First Infantry Regiment, Fourth Bri- 
gade, Thirteenth Division, Ohio Militia, in and for said county. Personally came the with- 
in named D. H. Silver, who, being duly sworn according to law, did promise to support 
the constitution of the United States and the constitution of the Stale of Ohio, and to dis- 
charge with fidelity the duties belonging to Surgeon of said regiment. As witness my 
hand this 9th day of August, in the year 1842. William Oru, Colonel. 



CHAPTER V. 



CIVIL ORGAXIZATIOX OF UXIOX COUXTY. 

Its Pkdigree— Act Organizing and Facts Connected Therewith— Its 
DirisiON into Townships— Location of the County Seat- 
County Buildings. 
IT is interesting to trace the line of descent of the county of Union. By 
careful research it is ascertained that the territory now included within its 
boundary lines formed portions of nine, and perhaps ten, different counties be- 
fore it was finally set off as Union. The first two counties organized in the 
Northwest Territory were in that portion now forming the State of Ohio. 
Washington County, erected by proclamation of Gov. Arthur St. Clair, 
July 27, 1788, included all that portion east of a line passing from the mouth • 
of the Cuyahoga River, up that stream to the portage between it and the 
Tuscarawas branch of the Muskingum; thence across the portage and down the 
Tuscarawas to the site of old Fort Laurens, at the north boundary of what is 
now Tuscarawas County; thence west tm a line identical with the subsequent 
Greenville treaty line to the Sc-ioto River, and down that stream to the Ohio. 
It is thus seen that the county of Washington as originally formed included 
about half of the present State of Ohio. Hamilton County was next organized, 
by the same authority, and included the region between the Miamis as far north 
as a line drawn due east from the standing stone fork of the Great Miami to 
the Little Miami; this was January 2, 1790. There is nothing to show that 
its limits were ever extended to the eastward, yet in the description of Wayne 
County, as formed by proclamation of Gov. St. Clair, August 15, 1796, it 
would seem that Hamilton had been extended to the Scioto; if so, it included 
what is now Union County, and from that date (1790) should begin the exis- 
tence of an organized county of which Union formed a part. Wayne County, 
organized at the date above given, undoubtedly included the norbhern portion 
of Union, as the description will show: "Beginning at the mouth of Cuya- 
hoga River upon Lake Erie, and with the said river to the portage between it 
and the Tuscarawas branch of the Muskingum; thence down the said branch to 
the forks at the crossing place above Fort Laurens; thence by a west line to 
the east boundary of Hamilton County, which is a due north line from the 
lower Shawnee [Shawanese] Town upon the Scioto River*; thence by a line 

*Thia town was a short distance below what is now Circleville, Pickaway Co., Ohio. A due north line from that 
poiat would pass considerably to the east of Union County. 











^^' f^ ..^>M^'X^''^y^- ■ ...-^ < '■ ' •^-.. 'A:^3^^i."Jmm^^.^.^ 




First Union Countt Court House &Jaii built at Milford. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 307 

west -northerly to the south part of portage between the Miamis of Ohio and the 
St. Mary's Rivers; thence by a line also west-northerly to the southwestern part 
of the portage between the AVabash and Miamis of Lake Erie, where Fort 
Wayne now stands; thence by a line west-northerly to the south part of Lake 
Michigan; thence along the western shores of the same to the northwest part 
thereof, including lands upon the streams emptying into said lake; thence l3y a 
due north line to the ten'itorial boundary in Lake Superior, and with the said 
boundary through Lakes Huron, St. Clair and Erie, to the mouth of Cuyahoga 
River, the place of beginning." This was the most extensive county formed in 
the Northwest Territory. After the treaty of Greenville, the limits of Hamil- 
ton County were extended westward to the boundary line designated by that 
treaty, which extended from Fort Recovery, in what is now Mercer County, 
Ohio, directly to the Ohio River at a point opposite the mouth of the Ken- 
tucky River. The seat of justice for "Washington County was at Marietta; 
for Hamilton County at Cincinnati, and for Wayne County at Detroit, and 
these conditions remain unchanged to the present, except in the extent of 
territory in each county. 

July 10, 1797, St. Clair issued a proclamation forming another county, 
and calling it Adams, the boundaries of which were as follows, and, as seen by 
noting them carefully, included nearly the whole of Union County: "Begin- 
ning upon the Ohio River, at the upper b(jundary of that tract of twenty four 
thousand acres of land, granted unto the French inhabitants of Gallipolis by 
an act of the Congi-ess of the United States bearing date the 3d of March, 1795; 
thence down the said Ohio River to the mouth of Elk River (generally known by 
the name of Eagle Creek*), and up with the in-incii:)al water of the said Elk River 
or Eagle Creek, to its source or head; thence by a due north line to the south- 
ern boundary of Wayne County, and easterly along said boundary so far that 
a due south line shall meet with the interior point of the upper boundary of 
the aforesaid tract of land of twenty-four thousand acres, and with the said 
boundary to the place of beginning." 

The counties thus far mentioned were organized before the soimd of the 
settler's ax had echoed in the forests of Union County. The next county, Ross, 
was organized in the same year settlements were begun here — August 20, 1798, 
and was the last one under Territorial government. Its boundaries were de- 
scribed as follows: "Beginning at the forty-second mile tree, on the line of 
the original grant of land by the United States to the Ohio Company, which 
line was run by Israel Ludlow, and running from thence east until it shall in- 
tersect a line to be drawn due north from the mouth of Elk River (commonly 
called Eagle Creek); and from the p:)int of intersection running noi'th to the 
southern boundary of the county of Wayne, and from thence easterly, with 
the said boundary of Wayne, until a north line to be drawn from the place of 
beginning shall intersect the same; and if it should be found that a north 
line, drawn from the place of beginning, will not intersect the southern bound- 
ary of Wayne, then an east line is to be drawn from the eastern termination 
of the said boundary, until it shall intersect the aforesaid north line to be 
drawn from the place of beginning." Ross County included a large part of 
Adams, with all the portion thereof embracing most of what is Union County. 

March 24, 1803, Greene County was erected by act of the State Legisla- 
ture, from parts of Hamilton and Ross, and possibly included a narrow strip 
on the west side of Union. The following were its boundaries: "Beginning 
at the southeast corner of the county of Montgomery;! running thence east to 

''' This stream enters the Ohio in what is now Brown County, a short distance above Ripley, and is generally 
known on the maps and by the people o.' that region as Eagle Creek. 

t Formed by the same act from a part of Hamilton, as were also Butler and Warren. 



308 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Ross County line, and the said course continued eight miles into the said coun- 
ty of Ross; thence north to the State line; thence westwardly with the same to 
the east line of Montgomery County; thence bounded by the said line of Mont- 
gomery to the beginning." 

A few days later, March 30, 1803, Franklin County was formed as follows, 
including a considerable portion of Union: " Beginning on the western bound- 
ary of the twentieth range of townships east of the Scioto River at the cor- 
ner of Sections number twenty-four and twenty-five in the ninth township of the 
twenty-first Range surveyed by John Matthews; thence west until it intersects the 
eastern boundary line of Greene County; thence north with said line until it in- 
tersects the State line; thence eastwardly with the said line to the northwest cor- 
ner of Fairfield County; thence with the western boundary line of Fairfield to 
the place of beginning." The county of Fairfield at that time extended north to 
the Statp line. February 20, 1805, the western portion of what is now Union 
County became a part of Champaign, the latter county being created that day 
including the following territory: "Beginning where the range line between 
the eighth and ninth ranges, between the Great and Little Miami, intersects 
the eastern boundary of the county of Montgomery; thence east to the eastern 
boundary of the county of Greene, and to continue six miles in the county of 
Franklin; thence north to the State line; thence west with said line until it in- 
tersects the said eastern boundary of the county of Montgomery; thence to the 
place of beginning." 

Delaware County was formed February 10, 1808, and embraced a large 
portion of Union. It was bounded thus: " Beginning at the southeast corner 
of township number three, in the sixteenth range of the United States military 
district; thence west, with the line between the second and third tier of town- 
ships, to the Scioto River, and continued west to the east boundary of Cham- 
paign County; thence, with the said boundary, north to the Indian boundary 
line; thence eastwardly, with said line, to the point where the north and south 
line between the fifteenth and sixteenth ranges of the said United States mil- 
itary district intersects the same- thence south, with the said last mentioned 
line, to the place of beginning." By an act of February 17, 1809, all that 
part of Franklin County lying north of Delaware was attached to the latter. 

February 16, 1810, Madison County was formed, " beginning at the south- • 
west corner of Delaware County, thence east, with the south boundary of the 
said county line, to a point that a line running due south will be the distance 
of twelve and one-half miles west of the county seat of Franklin County; thence 
on a straight line, to the northwest corner of the county of Pickaway; thence 
with said line south until it intersects the line of Ross County; thence west 
with said line, to the line of Greene County; thence north with the line of 
Greene to Champaign County line; thence with Champaign line to place of 
beo-innino-. " The limits included the southern part of what is now Union 
County. 

Next in order was Logan County, formed December 30, 1817, with the fol- 
lowing boundaries: " Beginning on the east line of Miami County, between 
sections number thirty-three and thirty-four in the third township, thir- 
teenth range, and running east twelve miles, with the sectional line 
between the third and. fourth tier of sections; thence south one mile; 
thence with the sectional line between the second and third tier of 
sections m said range, to the line between the United States and Vir- 
ginia military land, and thence east to the line of Champaign County; 
thence north with said line to ttie Indian boundary line; thence west to a point 
so that a line drawn from said point due south will strike the Indian bound- 
ary line at a point where the line between the counties of Miami and Cham- 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 309 

paign strikes said line; thence south, with said line, between the counties of 
Miami and Champaign, to the place of beginning; and also including the 
United States reservation at the rapids of the Miami of the Lake." Logan 
County, as thus formed, inclvided a strip ofif the west side of Union, running 
north from Champaign. 

James Curry, whose home was in Jerome Township, then a portion of Mad- 
ison County, was the Representative in the Legislature, in the session of 
1819-20, from the district in which that county was included, and through 
his efforts an act was passed January 10. 1820, entitled, "An act to erect the 
county of Union." The text of this act is as follows: 

Section 1. Be it enacted, etc., that so much of the counties of Delaware, Franklin, 
Madison and Logan, and also so much of the territory within the limits of this State 
laying north of tlie old Indian boundary line as comes within the following boundaries, 
be and the same is hereby erected into a separate and distinct county, which shall be 
known by the name of the county of Union, to wit : Beginning on the north boundary 
line of Delaware County, on that part known by the name of the Old Indian or Greeu- 
ville hne, at a point three miles west of the Scioto River ; thence due south fifteen miles ; 
thence east four miles ; thence south unto the north boundary of Franklin County ; thence 
south two and one-half miles into Franklin County ; thence west to the east boundary of 
Madison County, and to continue west unto the "east boundary of Champaign County ; 
thence north to the northeast corner of said county ; thence west three miles ; thence 
north so far that a line due east will strike a point three miles north of the beginning ; 
thence south to the said place of beginning. 

Sec. 2. That all suits or actions, whether of a civil or criminal nature, which shall 
be pending, and all crimes which shall have been committed within the limits of those 
parts of Delaware, Franklin, Madison and Logan Counties, so to be set off and erected 
into a new county previous to the organization of the said county of Union, shall be 
prosecuted to final judgment and execution in the counties aforesaid, in the same manner 
as they would have been if no such division liad taken place ; and the Sheriffs, Coroners 
and Constables of the counties aforesaid shall execute all such process as shall be neces- 
sary to carry into effect such suits, prosecutions and judgments ; and the collectors of 
taxes for the aforesaid counties shall collect all such taxes as shall have been levied and 
unpaid within the above described parts of the counties of Delaware, Franklin, Madison 
and Logan, previous to the taking effect of this act. 

Sec 3. That all Justices of "the Peace within those parts of the counties aforesaid, 
which by this act shall be erected into a new county, shall continue to exercise the duties 
of their respective offices until the term of their service expires, in the same manner as if 
they had been commissioned for the said county of Union. 

Sec 4. That the electors within the fractional townships that may be set off by the 
erection of the county of Union shall elect in the next adjoining township. 

Sec 5. That on the first Monday of April next the legal electors residing within the 
county of Union shall assemble within their respective townships, at the usual places of 
holding elections, and shall proceed to elect their usual county and township officers, who 
shall hold their several offices until the next annual election. 

Sec 6. That courts of the said county of Union shall be holden in the village of 
Milford until the permanent seat of justice is established for the said county of Union. 

Sec 7. That Commissioners shall be appointed, agreeably to the provisions of an 
act entitled, "An act establishing seats of justice," to fix upon a permanent seat of jus- 
tice for said county of Union, and make report thereof to the next Court of Common 
Pleas to be holden in and for said county, agreeably to the provisions of the above recited 
act ; and the Commissioners aforesaid shall receive a compensation for their services out 
of the treasury of the said county of Union. 

Sec 8. That so much of the territory lying north of the county of Logan as is con- 
tained within the following boundaries, to wit : Beginning at the northeast corner of Logan 
County, thence running north five miles; thence west to a point from which a south line 
will strike the northwest corner of said county ; thence south to said corner ; thence east 
with the line to the beginning, shall be and it is hereby attached to the county of Logan, 
and shall hereafter fonu a part of said county. 

Sec 9. That so much of the county of Franklin as lays within the following boundary, 
to wit: Beginning on the line between the counties of Franklin and Madison, at a point 
two and one-half miles south of the north boundary of said counties ; thence east two 
niiles ; thence south four miles; thence w^est two miles ; thence north to the place of be- 
ginning, be attached to and hereafter considered a part of the county of Madison. This 
act shall be in force from and after the first day of x\pril next. 

February 12, 1820, an act was passed erecting fourteen counties out of 
"all that part of the lands lately ceded by the Indians to the United States, 



310 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

which lies within this State." These caiinties were Van Wert, Mercer, Put- 
nam, Allen, Hancock, Hardin. Crawford, Marion, Seneca, Sandusky, Wood, 
Henrv. Paulding and Williams. February 4, 1825, the Legislature passed an 
act authorizing William Wilson, of Clark County, to run the line between 
Madison and Union Counties, commencing at the soiitheast corner of the lat- 
ter and running due west to the line of Champaign County. He was to re- 
ceive $3 per day and the markers and chain-carriers 75 cents per day for the 
time necessarily employed in such survey. January 29, 1827, another act au- 
thorized Jeremiah McLene, of Franklin County, to run said line, beginning 
at the same place and running in a direct line so as to strike a point in the 
eastern boundary of Champaign County, two and one-half miles south of 
the line formerly run between the counties of Delaware and Madison. The 
same compensation was allowed as by the previous act. January 18, 1828, an act 
was passed establishing the line between Madison and Union Counties accord- 
ing to the survey made by Levi Phelps in 1820. February 4, 1828, another 
act authorized Silas G Strong, of Union County, and James Eaton, of Dela- 
ware, to locate and establish the line between those two counties. Mr. Eaton 
was a very careful engineer, but used the magnetic needle, and as a conse- 
quence the line was somewhat crooked. In 1881, the permanent line between 
these two counties was run by F. J. Sager, Surveyor of Union County, and 
stone monuments were set at prominent stations; a transit instrument was used, 
which insured accuracy. The survey was made by Mr. Sager, as being best 
qualitied to do the work, although the adjoining counties in this and other in- 
stances shared the expenses and appointed men to assist in the matter. Mr. 
Sager was one of five persons who organized the State Association of County 
Surveyors in 1879, and is the present Chairman of the Association. 

The permanent line between the counties of Union and Logan was sur- 
veyed in 1876, the surveyors making their report to the Commissioners, March 
8, 1877. They were F. J. Sag^r, of Union, and W. H. McCormick. of Logan, 
and their report is tiled in Vol. XVI, Law Record, Union County Clerk's office, 
pp. 1-9, with opinion of attorney in the case. The total length of the line as 
run was 102,130 feet, or about 19^ miles. Stone monuments were planted at 
all important points. 

When the line between Union and Delaware Counties was I'un, in 1881, 
it was found that the official survey of 1828 was far from being on a straight 
line, as called for by the act creating the county, and, by order of the Coiumis- 
sioners of the two counties jointly, it was established on a slightly dififerent 
course, being straightened somewhat. The " 15-mile line" (soitth from the 
Greenville treaty line) is straight from the northwest corner of Delaware Coun- 
ty to a point in the south side of the lands of William Peet, recognized as 
the county line; thence straight to the point recognized as the county line at 
the Delaware and Bellefontaine road on the south side of Boke's Creek; thence 
straight to the south end of said 15 mile line. The 4-mile line was run straight 
as nearly as possible to the old line, and the 7-mile line the same. The var- 
iation in the old 15-mile line was probably attributable to local influences 
upon the magnetic needle in the survey of 1828. The first angle in this line is 
910 rods south of the place of beginning, the point being 194,80 feet west of 
a straight line which would connect the two ends of said 15-mile line, the 
bearing being S. ' 30' W. ; thence S. 1° 2' E. to the south end of said line; 
thence N. 89' 28' E. to the east eud of the 4-mile line; thence S. 1° 22' E. to 
the south end of the 7 mile line. Sandstone monuments three feet with six 
inch dressed faces were set at prominent points on the line. 

The sm-vey of the line between Union County and the counties of Marion 
and Hardin was made by F. J. Sager, of Union, W. H. Brown, of Hardin, and 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 311 

Isaac Young, of Marion, beginning May 26, 1879. They could find no re- 
corded evidence that the north line of Union County had ever been run, but 
found some evidence in the field. The point on the Greenville treaty line at 
the east boundary of the county designated as three miles west of the Scioto 
River, is actually three miles and sixteen rods. The line thence north to the 
northeast corner of the county was well marked, yet there was no trace of said 
corner ever having been marked, nor could any evidence be found to show 
where it was. The north boundary was found by examination to have been 
nowhere near straight as formerly surveyed, varying in places from a due east 
and west line as much as twenty rods. The surveyors established the north- 
east corner of Union County and marked it with a stone monument, planting 
similar monuments at other prominent points along the line. The distance 
from the Greenville treaty line north to the county corner is three miles and 
three and forty-eight hundredths rods long. The northern boundary was run, 
per order, from the established northeast corner to a point twenty-five feet 
north of the floor of the bridge across Kush Creek on the Marysville & Ken- 
ton State road, in a direct course, continuing in the same course to the north- 
west corner of the county, which was established and a stone monument set 
117 rods south of the northeast corner of Logan County. Total length of 
north boundary, 4,589.06 rods. The west boundary of Union County has not 
yet been permanently fixed, although probably very little change would be 
made in it should the Commissioners order a new survey to be made. 

SUBDIVISION OF THE COUNTY INTO TOWNSHIPS. 

May 10, 1803, at a meeting of the Associate Judges of the Common 
Pleas Court of Franklin County, then newly formed and including a portion 
of what is now Union County, it was ^'■Ordered, That the lands contained 
within the following boundaries, to- wit: Beginning on the west bank of the 
Scioto River, one mile, on a direct line, above the mouth of Roaring Run; from 
thence, in a direct line, to the junction of Treacle's Creek with Darby Creek, 
which is frequently called the Forks of Darby; thence south unto the line be- 
tween the counties of Ross and Franklin; thence west with said line until it 
intersects the county line of Greene; thence with the last-mentioned line aorth, 
and from the point of beginning up the Scioto, to the northern boundary of 
Franklin County, do make and constitute the second township in said county, 
and be called Darby Township. 

^'Ordered, That in Darby Township there be elected one Justice of the 
Peace, and that the electors of said township hold their election for that pur- 
pose at the house of David Mitchell, in said township, on the 21st day of 
June next." 

Joshua Ewing was elected to the ofiice at the date specified. Franklin 
Township was formed at the same time with Darby, and included "all that 
part of Franklin County contained within the following limits, to wit: Be- 
ginning at the forks of Darby Creek, that is, at the junction of what is called 
Treacle's Creek with Darby; running thence south to the line between the 
counties of Ross and Franklin; thence east with said line until it intersects the 
Scioto River; thence up the same until it comes to a point one mile on a 
straight line, above the mouth of Roaring Run, and from thence to the point 
of beginning." An election for two Justices of the Peace was ordered to be 
held at Franklinton, the temporary seat of justice of Franklin County, and Zach- 
ariah Stephen and James Marshall were chosen to fill the offices. The point 
designated as "one mile on a direct line, above the mouth of Roaring Run," 
was a little south of the present town of Dublin, Franklin County, the 
stream being now known as Hay den's Run. The spot is referred to in Mar- 



312 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

tin's History of Franklin County, 1858, page 19. It is seen from the 
description that Franklin Township included a stri]) off the south end of the 
territory now included in Union County, while Darby Township lay to the 
north and west. 

When Union County was organized, in 1820, its three subdivisions were 
the townships of Union, Darby and Mill Creek. At a meeting of the Board 
of Commissioners of Union County, on the 12th day of March, 1821, it was 
^^ Agreed, That the county of Union be divided into townships as follows: Be- 
ginning at the southwest corner of Union County, running east live and one- 
half miles; thence north six miles; thence west three miles; thence north to the 
north boundary of Union County; all west to be Union Township. Sec- 
ond township: Beginning at the southeast corner of Union Township, running 
five and one-half miles east; thence north six miles; thence west to the north- 
east corner of Union, to be Darby Township. Third township: Beginning at 
the northeast corner of Darby; thence east to the east line of Union County, all 
south to be known by the name of Gerome [Jerome]. Fourth township: Begin- 
ning at the northeast corner of Darby, running west three and one-half miles; 
thence north to the north boundary cf said county, all west to the line of Union 
Township to be known by the name of Paris. Fifth township: All east of 
Paris to the east boundary of said county to be known by the name of Mill 
Creek. Ordered by the Board, That notice shall be given by advertisements to 
the electors of Paris Township to meet on the tirst Monday of Aprile at the 
house of Abriham Emrine [Abraham AmrineJ, for the purpose of electing 
township officers. Likewise, that notice shall be given to the electors of the 
township of Gerome to meet on the first Monday of Aprile at the house of 
Aaron Tawsey, for the purpose of electing township oflficers. " 

On the first Monday in June, 1822, the Union County Commissioners or- 
ganized the townshii) of Libertv, with the following^ boundaries: Beffinnino- 
at the southwest corner of Paris Township, thence west to the county line; 
thence north to the north boundary of said county; thence east to the west 
boundary of Paris Township; thence with said line to the beginning. 

Leesbm-g Township was next organized, in 1825, but a careful search of 
the Commissioners' records reveals nothing to show the amount of territory it 
originally included. 

June 5, 1827, Allen Township was set ofi" from the south end of Liberty, 
and an order for the election of officers was granted the following day by the 
Commissioners, said election to be held June 23, 1827, at "William Milligan's. 

Jackson Township was formed March 3, 1820, from the north end of Lees- 
burg 

March 4, 1833, an order was issued for the formation of Claibourne Town- 
ship, from the south part of Jackson; but for some reason the organization was 
not completed under the first order, and a new one was issued March 5, 1831, 
at which date the civil histoi'}' of the township begins. 

York Township was set ofi" December 3, 1833, from the north end of Lib- 
erty, before the organization of Claibourne was fully effected, 

June 9, 1836, a new township called "Washington was formed from that 
part of York Township lying north of the Greenville treaty line. 

An order was issued by the County Commissioners on the 5th of March, 
1839, for the organization of Dover Township, and the election of officers 
therein, but no boundaries are shown on the recoi-d, probably from their not 
having been transcribed from the petition asking for the formation of said 
township. 

December 3, 1819, a petition was presented to the Commissioners for the 
formation of a new township from portions of Leesburg, Liberty and York. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 313 

A remonstrance against any further division of York Township was received at 
the same time, and both were laid over for further action. On the morning 
of December 5, 1849, the board agreed unanimously to erect the new town- 
ship, and gave it the name of Taylor. This was the last one organized in 
the county, making the total number fourteen, as at present. There have been 
various slight changes in the boundaries of the several townships, but none 
that have materially increased or reduced their area. 

LOCATION OF THE COUNTY SEAT. 

Agreeably to the act erecting the county of Union, the following joint 
resolution was passed by the Legislature on the 25th of February, 1820. It 
is found on page 140 of Vol. XVIII, Laws of Ohio: 

Resolced by tJie General Assemhly of the State of Ohio, That Stephen Bell, of the coun- 
ty of Greene, Reuben Wallace, of the county of Clark, and John Huston, of Newark, in 
the county of Licking, be and they are herebj^ appointed Commissioners to fix the seat 
of justice in the county of Union. 

These Commissioners were required to make their report to the " next 
Court of Common Pleas" for Union County, and doubtless did so, but there is 
nothing upon the records to show such was the case. Mention of Marysville 
as the county seat, on the pages of the court record, is found under date of 
May 15, 1821, when it was " ordered that David Comer be paid SI. 50 per day 
as Director of the town of Marysville, the sent of justice of this county." Mr. 
Comer had been appointed to the position of Director on the 10th of July, 
1820. Matters concerning the sale of lots, etc., will be found in the historical 
sketch of Marysville in this volume. 

VILLAGE PLATS. 

The first town plat laid in the county was North Liberty, by Lucas Sulli- 
vant, in 1797, as mentioned elsewhere. The others, in their regular order, 
are as follows, as shown by the records in the office of the County Recorder: 

Milford — George Reed, proprietor; acknowledged before Thomas Mc- 
Donald, J. P., April 8, 1816; is now the oldest town existing in the county and 
is thus described on the original plat: "A town by the name of Milford, laid 
off and surveyed for George Reed on a certain tract or parcel of land lying and 
being in the county of Delaware, Union Township, and State of Ohio, on the 
south side of the Big Darby, near George Reed's Mill— No. 3,016, originally 
entered in the name of Levin Jones, sold to Alexander Carr, and patented in 
the name of George Reed and Robert Grant under a decree of a Court of Chan- 
cery held in Franklin County and State aforesaid. The above town is com- 
posed of streets, alleys, and forty lots named and numbered as follows," etc. 

Marysville, the county seat, fully described elsewhere, was laid out Au- 
gust 10, 1819, by Samuel Culbertson. 

Richwood, in Claibourne Township, was laid out August 8, 9, and 10, 
1832, by Philip Plumber, the survey being made by Levi Phelps. The town 
is on the Pelham Survey, No. 6307, which was long known as the "rich woods." 
In the description of the plat, the following varieties of timber are named as 
abounding in the immediate vicinity: Beech, blue, black and gray ash, hack- 
berry, or hoop ash. mulberry, wild cherry, black walnut, white walnut, white 
oak, red oak, buckeye, or horse chestnut, honey locust, linden tree, coffee tree, 
a species of mahogany, hickory, red and white elm, hard and soft maple, 
box elder and dogwood, with a "copse wood" of spice brush, prickly ash, burn- 
ing bush, grape vine, bladder bush, bramble; the herbage was mostly maiden 
hair, pea vine, yellow root, ginseng, Indian madder, etc. 

Kingsville, in Liberty Township; surveyed for Samuel King, proprietor. 



314 HISTOHY or INU>\ OOINTV. 

SoptiMulun- *Jt>. lS3k by Lovi Pholps; thirtoon lots on Stato vo:\d loiuWui^ from 
Cartor's sottlomont to Garwood's Mills. 

Smuuioi"svilK\ York Township: sui'voyod for ,K^hn Johnson and othors by 
Lovi rholps; orii^inal plat oontainod forlv-oiubt lots: rooovdod Aui^ust 11. 

Watkius. Mill Civek Township: laid out by William (.'onklon and Thomas 
r. Watkins {tho lattor ropvosoutod by his attornoy. .losoph 8. Watkins). ou 
Pandridojo's Survey, No. 1.807. ou " ivad to Soioto Hivor." tluly I'J. iSoS; lots 
muuborod from ono to twonty-oioflit. 

Arbola. ^^"ashin«xtou Township; forty-tivo lot^s and a public squar<\ by 
Marquis L. Osborno. July 'Jo. 1S3S: this town is uot now in oxistonco. 

Xowton. Liberty Township: survoyotl for tho proprietor. David Paul, by 
Levi Phelps. Auijust 'Jo. iSoS: twenty-live lot*; plat resurveyed for Nathaniel 
and ^Melissa Kaymond. twenty-three lots. February 1. .1839. 

Hainesville. AVashingtou Township: twenty-one lots and a pnblie sipiare. 
near present site of Bvhalia: laid out bv Jonathan Haines. September -4, 
1S8S. 

York Center. York Township; nineteen lots, surveyed by Levi Phelps. 
June 14. 1841: i\ame of pixiprietor not i^fivei^ in deseriptioi\ of plat ; new smvey 
made for GreiXi">ry Stormes. October 81, 1800 

Frankfort. Jerome Township: original town, eonsistitii:; of forty lots, laid 
out by Gtxtrixe Heusel. Amos Beach. Henry Beach and Willijuu H. Case: sur- 
veyed by AVilliam B. Irwin. April 1. 184(): place formerly known as " ]>eaoh 
Town.'" * 

Unionville, Darby Township: lifteeu lots; total area of ]^lat. TiJ acres; 
laid out by John. Frederick and Pavid S:ii;er. and surveyed l\v \\ illiam B. 
Irwin, February 8. 1847. 

PharisburiX. Leesburij Townshi[->: Allen Pharis. proprietor, as administrator 
of estate of Robert Pharis. deceased; plat included forty-tive lots, coverino^ a 
little over ton acres, at the junction of the Bellefoutaiue and ^Marion roads — 
localitv formerlv known as " Scott's Cross Roads;" surveyed bv William B. 
Ii-wiu,"july "J 1.* 1847. 

New California. Jerome Township: twenty-seven lots: name oi pmprietor 
not given ou plat: surveyed August 'J7. l8o8, by William B. Irwin. 

Dover. Dover Townshi}^; surveyed by AVilliam B. Irwin; William Richey 
Adam Richey, Thomas Aj^iu and B. F. Benton. {n-o}n'ietors, ^[ay 11. I8r>l. 

Additions to Plain City. Jerome Townshijv made by Edward W. Barlow. 
April 'J8. l8o9. and Charles Amaun. July *J(\ 1875. ]Main town in ]\Iadisou 
County. 

Union Center. Taylor Township; laid out November i>, and December 17 
and IS, 1863, on a part of survey 8'J\\ by H. P. Gofi", Hiram Danforth, Ira A. 
Bobbins and Chm'les J. Sayer: included P>\"VV Jnn-es a short distance east of 
present site of Broadway; now out of existence. 

Broadway. Taylor Township; laid out August lo and \(\ 1805. by Z. 
C. Pooler and Leonard Richey. and surveyed l\v A. S. ^Mowry. who gave the 
town its nanu>. 

Pottersburg. Allen Township: twenty-four lots laid out ^lay 18. 18(V,), by 
David A. Williams and George F. Bennett. 

Peoria. Libertv Township; twenty-eight lots; j^latted bv Joseph K. Rich- 
ey. June -JO, 1870. ' 

Magnetic Springs, Leesburg Township; tifty in- lots and blocks A. B. C, 
D and E; laid out November 'J4 and 'J5, 1879. on Survey 8, 090. by Duncan 
McLean and J. E. Newhor.se; locality usually known as Green Bend. 

Claiboui'ne. Claibom*ne Township; thirtv-uiue lots on Survev 0,107; laid 
out bv AVilliam JollitY. Jr.. March 14. 1881. 







3"? Union County Court House, buiit at IVlARYSviiLh,A.D.I838 8fT0RN mm \m. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 317 

Homer, in Union Township, and Essex, in Jackson Township, are two 
villages of which we have not the dates of platting. Essex was laid out on 
Ensh Creek, on part of Survey No. 9,922, on the State road from Columbus to 
Kenton. It consisted of forty lots, and was surveyed by William C. Lawrenc«> 
Deputy County Surveyor. Homer was laid out at an early date by Elisha 
Reynolds, on parts of Surveys 7,789 and 4,946, on Little Darby Creek, on the 
county road running on the line between the two surveys. It had thirty-live 
lots, and was for some time a village of considerable importance, but is among 
the places now on the list of those that have seen better days. 

COURT HOUSES. 

Union County could not boast of a court house until subsequent to 1822, 
and the first building ol the kind erected was a frame structure which stood 
on the south side of East Center street, on the ^ast side of the alley between 
Center and East streets.* This was in use a number of years. 

March 5, 1834, James Herd, William B. Irwin and David Galland, Com- 
missioners, ordered " that a notice be put up by the Auditor that a proposal 
will be received at their session in June next for making and laying into the 
walls of a court house fi'om one hundred to one hundred and fifty thousand 
bricks, to be completed by the 1st day of August, 1835; the bricks to be 9 
inches long. 4^ inches wide, and 2^ inches thick after being burnt; the bricks 
are to be of the first quality, and computed in the walls, the doors and win- 
dows to be reckoned in the count; the walls to be two lengths of a brick thick, 
all but the gable end and partition." June 6, 1834, the Commissioners agreed 
to levy 2^ mills tax per dollar on the gi'and levy, for the purpose of building 
a coui't house, 3i mills for county expenses, and 2 mills for road purposes. 
On the 30th of the same month, they examined bids for brick, and awarded 
the contract for building the walls of the court house to Harvey Ward, his 
proposals being the lowest and best. December 12, 1834, the Commissioners 
met to form a definite plan for a court house, and Levi Phelps was ordered to 
procure a draft, also the advice of competent judges, as to the best manner of 
laying ofi" the court house — " whether the court room shall be formed on the 
first or second floor, and also for placing the jmy rooms; also the height of 
each story." 

December 27, 1834, the Commissioners met to make arrangements for 
covering and inclosing the " contemplated court house in the town of Maiys- 
viile;" employed Nathan Adamsonto furnish a draft, description and schedule 
of necessary timbers to be used, and ordered the posting of notices for pro- 
posals for furnishing said timbers and materials, and "doing the carpenter 
work for inclosing said court house." Proposals were to be opened January 
22, 1835. Another meeting was held on the appointed day, but the record 
does not show who was the successful bidder. Harvey Ward was on that day 
allowed $100 in part pay for stone work for the foundation of the building to 
enable him to pay for hauling said stone. A very lengthy description of the 
building, from the plans drawn, is given in the Commissioners' record for 
March 3, 1835, and it must have required nearly as long a time to "compile " it 
as it did to erect the court house. June 6, 1835, the Commissioners appointed 
William Page " Superintendent over the performance of labor in building the 
walls of the coui-t [house] in the town of Marysville." On the same date, they 
agi'eed that the Auditor might " enter into an agreement with Henry Kezart^e 
for his purchase of 20 feet in front and 5 poles back of Lot No. 50, the lot on 
which the present court house stands." 

* This building was two stories high, about 20x40 feet on the ground, and was not of much account. It was used 
for various jjurposes after it was s^ld by the County CorDmissioners. 



318 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

October 8. 1835, the Commissioners settled with Harvey AVard for brick 
work in the court house, and foxind that 11)4,34:8 bricks had been used in the 
construction of the walls. The total amount paid Ward was SI, 085. 41. March 
8, 1836. it was aojreed that the stairs, doors, Hoors, window casings and paint- 
ing should be completed, and proposals for the same were advertised for, to be 
opened on the 2Sth of the same mouth. On the day appointed, Silas G. Strong 
was awarded the contract for laying the floor and tilling in ashes on the same 
as high as the second tier of joists. Adam Wolford received the contract for 
building the stairs, casing the windows, making the doors, etc., aad Benjamin 
Hopkins was awarded the painting contract. The job of painting was accepted 
as satisfactory on the 9th of July following. A good story is related of this 
part of the work, by Capt. H. C. Hamilton, of Richwood, who was then a boy, 
carrying the mail between Richwood and Max'ysville. It was said that the 
paint was mixed up with buttermilk, and left standing in a tub outside the 
building; and that the hogs got at it one night and ate it all up. much to the 
chagrin of the painter. Material for making paint was so costly at the time, 
that the contractor undoubtedly considered lie could make more out of the job 
by using buttermilk. It caused a smile to spread over the faces of the inhabit- 
ants. 

January 20, 1837, the Commissioners met for the special purpose of sell- 
ing the old court house, and also for selling the work of finishing the interior 
of the new one. The old building was sold on that day to M. Bentley and 
Noah Garret, for SI 51. 50, for which sum they gave their joint note, payable 
nine mouths after date. These parties were also to have the use of the ground 
on which the old court house stood, together with a space of twenty feet front, 
run fling back as far as the coiu't house, for five years. The sale of the work 
for finishing the interior was postponed to the Gth of February, 1837, when 
Adam Wolford contracted for work amounting to SHO, Enos Wood. 8130, 
and James M. Wilkinson, S600. Wolford" s work was settled for October 14, 

1837. William M. Page and David Sprague plastered the building in the fall 
of 1837, and were partially settled with on the 13th of November, when the 
sum of S 309. 80 was paid them. At the same time, Levi Churchill was paid 
$47.50 on his contract for laying brick floors in the building, and James M. 
AVilkinson $150 for inside work. Harrison Frank made a case and some tables 
for the Recorders oflice, and Calvin Winget made cases for the Auditor's and 
Clerk's offices. Bills wei-e allowed March 5, 1838, as follows: To William 
H. Frank, furniture for offices, S34; to Calvin Winget, book and paper cases 
for Clerk, Auditor and Commissioners, S67. 50; appropriated for pitcher, 
broom and crock for stove in Axiditor's office, per C. Lee, 08 cents. March 6, 
Stephen McLain was allowed $40 for two stoves, and on the 12th of June, 

1838, final settlement was made with James M. Wilkinson for work on the 
cupola, etc. 

The court house, Avhen completed, Avas the most imposing building in the 
county, and the citizens were proud of it. June 4, 1840, the Commissioners 
directed William B. Irwin to prociu'e a bell for the court house, and see that 
it was properly hung. The bell cost $85, and the expense of transportation, 
hanging, etc., was $19.20; settlement was made with Mr. Irwin December 8, 
1840. December 8. 1846, the Commissioners ordered that a chain be attached 
to the posts along the sidewalks in front of the building. In the public offices, 
wooden floors were substituted for the brick ones, as the latler were cold and 
the cause of much discomfort in the winter season. The strixcture was never a 
tirst-class afiair. and its days of actual usefulness were numbered long before 
it was abandoned. 

Julv 10.' 1880. the Board of County Commissioners, havingf contracted for 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 319 

certain lands for a court house site, executed bonds of the county in the sum 
of $4,500, payable in four and five years, to Mrs. Drusilla Cassil, who executed 
and delivered to the board a warranty d^ed for said lands, described as all of 
In-lot No, 67, and two-fifths of the south half, east side of Out-lot No. 3, 
situated in the village of Marysville. At the same date, the Commissioners 
issued bonds in the sum of $3,000 to, and received a warranty deed from, the 
Trustees of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Marysville, for two-thirds of 
the south part of In-lot No. 06, in Marysville, being the ground on which the 
society's parsonage stood. The buildings on the land purchased were sold by 
the Commissioners at public auction, for the sum of $683.10, the parsonage 
alone bringing $612. August 3, 1880, Commissioner J. B. Whelpley was 
authorized by the board to contract for 600,000 bricks for the new court house. 
David W. Gibbs, a Toledo architect, had been authorized, on the 16th of July, 
to prepare plans for the proposed building, and they were unanimously ap- 
proved August 14, 1880, upon the following resolution by Mr. Whelpley: 
''^Resolved, That the plans, drawings, representations, bills of material, etc. , 
made and presented by David W. Gibbs, architect, for the purpose of being 
used in the erection of and completion of a court house in the county of 
Union, and State of Ohio, be and the same are hereby approved." September 22, 
1880, the Commissioners awarded the contract for erecting and completing the 
coui't house to Karst & Woodruff, for the sum of $84,350. A somewhat 
lower bid from a Toledo firm was rejected on the ground of general incom- 
petency. The Legislature, by an act passed April 1, 1880, authorized the 
Board of Commissioners for Union County to issue bonds to build said court 
house, and they were subsequently issued to the amount of $65,000; they 
were sold for $66,275. A second act was passed in the winter following, 
authorizing the issue of additional bonds in the sum of $25,000, and the Com- 
missioners carried out its provisions. The work was begun and pushed rapidly 
forward, and a magnificent, imposing structure now stands in the center of the 
space (north and south) designed for it, fronting to the east, with entrances 
also at the north and south. It is of brick, with cut stone and galvanized iron 
trimmings, and is one of the finest edifices for county purposes in the State. 
Surmounting the well-proportioned tower is a colossal figure of Justice, and 
in the tower is a fine clock and bell, the latter weighing 2,500 pounds; the 
cost of the clock, which was set in place in November, 1882, was $2,500. The 
building is heated entirely by steam, the apparatus having been purchased of 
Brooks & Kemper, of Dayton, Ohio, for $4,300. The dials of the clock are 
illuminated, and the interior of the building is very finely and tastefully 
frescoed. The entire cost of the structure, in round numbers, has been about 
$135,000. The county officers took up their quarters in it in December, 1882, 
but the court room was not quite ready for the sitting of the court in Jan- 
uary, 1883, and the old building was necessarily used. The new court house 
is a model for beauty, elegance and convenience, and will be the pride of the 
citizens of the county for many years. 

The new coiu't house was dedicated, with appropriate ceremonies, January 
27, 1883, and from an account in the Union County Journal, of February 1 , 
is taken the following description of the building: 

" The building is approached from the north, east and south by three mas- 
sive and elegant porticos, 22x28, and 35 feet in height, composed entirely of 
Berea stone, elegantly ornamented. Here the Commissioners deserve great 
credit for the change made in the original contract from galvanized iron to 
that of Berea stone in the construction of the porticos. 

"The style of the new building is essentially modern in its Jeading feat 
ures, and presents an example of 'renaissance' architecture, modified and 



320 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

adopted to suit an American structure of this character. The building proper 
covers an area of 96x109 feet, and the three fronts are similar in design. In 
construction, a continuation of pressed brick and Berea stone have been used. 
The basement, to the line of the water table, is laid in courses of heavy rock 
face range work, forming a fitting base for the vast superstructure it supports, 
and the center and corner pavilions are carried up in stone pilaster work, the 
first story rusticated. The two stories are divided by a lintel cornice, elegaut- 
ly iJiolded of stone, which extends entirely around the building, and at the 
center of the street fronts project so far as to form the roofs of the porches, 
each of which is supported by four stone columns 20 feet high, the porches 
being surmounted by a stone balustrade of neat design. The main cornice, 
pediments and whole exterior of tower are of galvanized iron, painted and 
sanded in imitation of stone. Each of the street front pediments is sur- 
mounted by an eagle with spread wings, six feet from tip to tip, resting upon 
a globe and pedestal. A prominent feature of the exterior of the building is 
the tower, which rises 168 feet from the ground, and is surmounted by a 
tigui'e of Justice, ten feet high. Properly speaking, it is divided into four 
stories, constructed entirely of wrought iron, and contains a striking tower - 
clock vf^th illuminated dials, each seven feet in diameter, manufactured by 
Howard & Co., of Boston, Mass. The roof-construction — trusses, purlins, 
raftei's, etc. — is entirely of wrought iron, sheathed with corrugated sheet iron, 
and covered with slate laid in asbestos cement, making it a thoroughly sub- 
stantial and fireproof and Mansard roof, which is pierced on two sides by ap- 
propriate dormer windows, lighting the attic. The window openings on all 
sides of the building are unusually large, and none but the best French plate 
glass has been used. The basement story proper is about two feet below the 
grade, and twelve feet in the clear in height. It is reached upon all four 
sides, and contains Surveyor's office, engine and store rooms, janitor's room, 
vault room, besides other apartments. 

" Entering the building from the Center street front, the visitor passes 
through a massive arched doorway and finds hiiijself in a well-lighted hall, 11 
feet wide, with a ceiling 17 feet high, extending through to the opposite side, 
with a cross hall leading from the West street door, and giving entrance to the 
Commissioners' room located in the center of the west side of the building. 
The floor of the halls is laid with marble tile, alternate black and white. 

" The Auditor's office is located to the right on entering from the Center 
street front. The main office is 22x26, and opening from that on the west is 
the Auditor's private office, 15x26. The office is supplied with a large tire- 
proof vault. A doorway connects the private office with the Commissioners' 
room on the sottth side, which is 18x20. 

" On the right, in entering from the West street fi'ont, is the Treas - 
urer's office. The main office is 22x33 feet, with an arched alcove opening 
from the west side, in which is foitnd the private office and safes, but in the 
main room is also found a burglar-proof vault. This might be, and we be- 
lieve is. the most pleasant room in the building. 

" Directly opposite, and in the southeast corner of the building, is found 
the office of the Probate Judge, the entrance to which is immediately to the 
left of the West street entrance. The private office is 22x32, and is supplied 
with a lavatory and vault. Adjoining this one on the west is the Probate 
Court room, which is I'eached from either the private office or the hall. It is 
22x35 feet in size and has a neat desk for the Judge, a bar rail and seats for 
spectators. 

" The Recorder's office is located in the southwest corner of the building, 
the first door to the left on entering from the South street entrance, which con- 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 321 

tains two rooms, the main room being 20x25, with vault, and well-lighted; the 
private room, 15x22, is gained by a door in the west side. 

" Eeturning again to the hall, the grand staircase was reached either from 
the Center, West or South street corridor by an almost imperceptible wind, 
meeting upon a platform half way up and then uniting to form a single flight, 
six feet wide at the base and widening to ten feet at the top, at the landing 
in the rotunda on the second floor. 

" The most striking featm-e of the interior is the rotunda, a featui-e which 
is one in a thousand. It is 26x36, and is oval in form, lighted from the top 
through stained cathedral glass, and at night by a chandelier containing twelve 
beautiful gas jets. The floor is of marble tile, like that of the halls below, and 
the sides contain heavy pilasters with elegantly molded and enriched capitals 
and bases, resting upon a massive pedestal. The pilasters are sui'mounted by 
a classic entablature, with molded ribs, extending to the top of the vault or 
dome, which is 40 feet from the floor. From the rotunda, access is had to all 
the rooms on the second floor. Opening from it on the east side is a corridor, 
eleven feet in width, and twenty feet high, lighted at the end by an arched 
window. From this corridor an entrance leads to the ofiice of County Clerk, 
which occupies the northeast corner. The maiu room is 22x32, with a private 
office 12x15, and vault and closets. The Clerk has direct access to the court 
room through a lobby, and a private entrance to his office through the rotunda. 
In the passage way to the court room through the lobby is the private office of 
the Judge, elegantly fltted up with washing, heating and lighting apparatus, 
and before entering the court room, on the east side entrance, is a private con- 
sultation room. 

" Opening immediately from the rotunda on the east by large double swing- 
i ng doors, is the court room, 43x65 f '^et in size, and 30 feet in height. The 
ceilings are elegantly and elaborately frescoed, and in the background on the 
ceiling in the rear of the Judge's stand is a life-size pictiu-e of "Justice," giv- 
ing the whole a most animating appearance. The Judge's desk rests upon a 
platform, which is gained by a flight of steps. In front and on the right side 
are found the Clerk's and Sheriflfs desks, which, like that of the Judge, are 
finished in black walnut. Stretching across the room, in oval form, is the bar 
rail, of solid black walnut, inclosing a space of about 20x43 feet. This space 
contains the juiy box on the left facing the Judge. The seats for spectators 
are raised to the rear, in four rows, twelve seats in each row, capable of seating 
six persons in each seat, or about three hundred persons in all. They are ap- 
proached by an aisle extending entirely around them, and by two center aisles. 

" The rich, frescoed ceiling coatains two 60-inch double cone reflectors, of 
silvered glass. The walls are plain tinted, with a heavj^ dado and border of 
rich maroon. 

" In the northwest corner is located the Sheriff's office, and in the southeast 
corner the male and female witness rooms and grand jury room; the latter 
adjoining the court room, a private entrance connecting the two. All the 
rooms contain water closets and lavatories. 

" Every room in the building is well lighted, while the ventilation and 
sanitary appliances have all been carefully attended to. The building is heated 
throughout by steam, the apparatus being contained in the basement of the 
building, and is lighted brilliantly by gas, furnished by Clingman's patent. 
The building is fire proof throughout, the floors being constructed of wrought 
iron beams, corrugated iron arches and concrete. All stud partitions are of 
iron, and the ceilings and partitions lathed throughout with iron lath. 

" The furniture throughout was made to order for each room, by a Toledo 
firm, out of black walnut, and is beautiful in design and rich in manufacture. 



322 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

" The entire cost of the building, including grounds, furnishing, lighting 
and heating, is about §135,015.50." 

Following is the statement of Auditor W. L. Curry, regarding the work of 
the Commissioners, the detailed cost of the new building, etc., read on the 
day of dedication : 

Mr. Chairm.\n : I have the honor in belialf of the Commissioners, to submit the fol- 
lowing report in regard to their proceedings in the matter of the erection of this court 
house. 

The law authorizing the Commissioners of Union County to issue bonds for the pur- 
pose of erecting a court house was passed by the Legislature of Ohio on the 1st da}' of 
April, 1880. 

On the 6th day of June, 1880, the Commissioners, J. B. Wlielpley, J. T. Mahaffey and 
J. K. Dodge purchased of the Trustees of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Marysville 
the Methodist Episcopal parsonage grounds, including the buildings, for the sum of $3,000. 
They also at the same date purdiased the old John Cassd property, including buildings, 
for the sum of ^-i,5U0, for additional court house grounds. The buildings on these 
grounds were sold for !?743. 10, and the money paid into the County Treasury. Another 
lot was purchased from D. C. Wiuget on the 22d day of September, 1882, for !i;r)00, making 
total cost of grounds after deducting amount for which buildings were sold, $7,25().90. 

On the lOth day of July. 1880, the Commissioners employed David W. Gibbs, archi- 
tect, to make plans to be submitted for the consideration of the board. On the 14th day 
of August, 1880, D. W. Gibbs having drawn up plans, this day submitted said plans to the 
Commissioners, together with the building committee, consisting of the Probate Judge, J. 
B. Coats, Clerk of the Court, W. 31. Winget. Sheriff, J. J. Mtller and R. L. Partridge. 
The plans submitted by I). W. Gibbs were approved and accepted, and he was emplo5'ed 
as architect of the building. 

The board having advertised and received bids, awarded the contract of erecting the 
court house, on the 22d day of September, 1880, to Jacob Karst and William Woodruff 
for the sum of $84,350. 

The board having issued the bonds of the county in the amount of $65,000, bearing 
interest at the rate of 5 per cent per annum, and having advertised to receive bids, said 
bonds were on the 15th day of January, 1881, sold to R. M. Henderson, representing the 
Bank of Marysville, for $66,275, or at a premium of $1,275. Said bonds were delivered 
and money paid into the County Treasury on the 9th day of March, 1881. 

After careful consideration, it was determined by the board to change the porticos, 
cornice and window caps. The specitications and contract calling for galvanized iron, it 
was decided to change to stone, and this change was made at a cost of $16,620. 

The specifications called for excavation for the foundation of 4 feet and 6 inches, but 
in order to get a good foundation it had to be made in some places to the depth of 14 feet 
at a cost for stone, labor and material of $3,822.70. 

A law was passed on the 11th day of April, 1882, authorizing the Commissioners to 
issue the bonds of the county in the ainount of $25,000 for the completion of court house. 
Said bonds were issued in the amount of $25,000 bearing interest at the rate of 6 per cent 
per annum, and on the 24th day of May, 1882, they were sold to A. T. Carpenter for the 
sum of $25,550, or at a premium of $550. 

On the 1st day of April, 1882, the old court house grounds were sold for $15,050, the 
buildings being reserved and are yet to be sold. 

The building is now completed with the exception of a few days' labor, and the fol- 
lowing is an itemized statement of the cost of the building, including heating, lighting and 
furnishing, subject to a few changes: 

First contract $84,350 00 

Change in porticos, cornice and window caps from galvanized 

iron to stone 16,620 00 

Extra labor and material in foundation 3,822 70 

Repairs of walls 418 00 

Tower cornice 26 80 

Moving bell 2 00 

Extra brick vault under safe and changing arches 123 50 

Gas-pipes on porticos 77 92 

Difference in hardware, bolts and plates, vault walls 129 76 

Filling vault fronts 2 50 

Flooring in attic 38 54 

Scuttles 11 00 

Masonry under steps 13 50 

Carpenter work in 1)asement 845 49 

Extra work on stairway 350 00 

Extra on graining '. 300 00 

Plate glass ' 266 00 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 323 

Flooring, basement stairs 26 01 

Siding and ceiling attic stairway 51 80 

Vault doors 950 00 

Steam Heater 4,300 00 

Furniture 5,964 00 

Clock 3,500 00 

Bell ■ 803 92 

Gas machine and chandeliers 1,731 00 

Sewer 608 58 

Grade 727 58 

Painting rotunda 400 00 

Plastering basement 270 00 

Mantels 360 00 

Cistern 60 00 

Watchman, court house 29 00 

Painting basement 135 00 

Concrete basement floor 360 00 

Pump and well 84 00 

$127,758 60 
Court House grounds 7,256 90 

Total $135,01 5 50 

Deduct amount for old court house grounds and buildings sold 15,793 10 

Balance $1 19, 222 40 

The changes made were, in our judgment, for the best interests of the citizens of the 
county, and were only made after carefully considering matters in all their bearings as to 
economy and durability. 

The Commissioners who have served during the erection of the building are J. B. 
Whelpley, J. T. Mahaffy and J. K. Dodge. J. K. Dodge's term expiring December, 1880, 
N. Howard was elected as his successor; J. T. Mahaffy's term expiring December, 1881, 
Uriah Cahill was elected as his successor ; J. B. Whelpley's term expiring December, 
1882, Luther Liggett was elected as his successor. J. B. Whelpley had immediate super- 
intendence of the building from the beginning of the work until the expiration of his 
term of office, and most of the time since. 

We take pleasure in saying of the contractors, Karst & Woodruff, that the}^ have per- 
formed their contract in a satisfactory manner; although they were well aware, for many 
months, that they would lose heavily on the contract, they have, in our judgment, filled 
the specifications, both in material and workmanship, except one item of iron work which 
they refused to accept from the sub-contractor. 

We have in all matters connected with the erection of this building done what, in our 
judgment, was for the best interest of the whole county, and feel conscious of having kept 
clear of all parties, cliques or factions, and time will tell whether our work has been well 
done. Although we have been subjected to the usual criticism that is poured down upon 
the heads of those having in charge the erection of public buildings, we have the consola- 
tion of feeling confident of the fact that in transferring this beautiful building to the citi- 
zens of Union County, that as evidenced by the testimony of many County Commission- 
ers and contractors from all parts of this State, who have examined the building, that for 
beauty of architecture, good workmanship, convenience and completeness in equipment, 
it is not excelled, if equaled, by any court house in the State of Ohio. 

The first spade of earth was turned September 22, 1880, and the building was com- 
pleted and dedicated January 27, 1883. 

Respectfully submitted, by order of County Commissioners. 

W. L. Curry, County Auditor. 

JAILS. 

The first jail was a double log structure, which stood on the lot on the 
south side of East Center street, in the rear of the court house It was used 
not only for a jail, but occasionally for a residence; Philip Snider, now of 
Marysville, lived in it for a time when he moved to the town, in 1849. On the 
5th of March, 1856, the Commissioners ordered that the old jail lot (No. 50) 
be sold, with the view of purchasing a lot in another location, on which to 
build a new jail. At the same time, it was ordered that an advertisement for 
proposals for erecting a new building be inserted in the Marysville Tribune. 
The part of Lot No 50, owned by Union County, and occupied by the old jail, 
was sold April 2, 1856, to E. J. Nugent, for $1,000.50. A new lot was pur- 



324 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

chased by G. A. Cassil at the same time, for $000, and the new building was at 
once erected upon it. This was destroyed by fire, on the night of December 
22, ISTO. having been for a number of yeai-s practically worthless as a place 
of detention for oflenders against the law. July 1^^, 1872, the following entry 
appears upon the record of proceedings of the County Commissioners: 

"In the matter of purchasing a site for county buildings, and building a 
county jail thereon: It appearing to the Commissioners that due notice has 
been given by publication in two newspapers published in the county of Union, 
and by circulation of handbills, of their intention to purchase a site for a 
county jail and courthouse for said county of Union, at Marysville, Ohio, and 
of their intention to build a county jail thereon as soon as practicable; there- 
upon, those matters came on for hearing upon the petitions for and the i*emon- 
strances against the proposed piu'chase of such site and biiildiug of siich jail, 
and said petitions and I'emonstrances were heard and examined by the Com- 
missioners; upon consideration whereof, the said Commissioners are of the 
opinion that a site should be purchssed and a jail built thereon as soon as 
practicable. They have, therefore, this day purchased Lot oo [or 05], and 
one-third of Lot 00, in the town of Marysville, Ohio, of H. Campbell, for the 
sum of §2,500, for the purposes and uses named above." Bonds were issued to 
the above amount August 10, 1872. For the purpose of building the new jail, 
bonds were issued to the amount of !?20,000. The contract for constructing 
the jail was let by the Commissioners. March 28. 1878, the successful bidders 
being H. Rice and I. Grummons. and the contract price !?18.04:4. This sum 
covered the necessary excavations, the stone, brick and cai'peuter work, and 
everything complete except heating apparatus. By the last of June, 1878, the 
stone foivndation had been completed and the range work set, and the building 
was rapidly carried to completion. The entire cost of the structure was about 
the same as the amount of bonds issued — $20,000. It is of tasteful design, 
the front portion being finely fitted for the residence of the Sheriff. 

In Aiigust. 1878. a new safe was purchased for the County Treasurer's 
oliice. of the Hall Company, of Cincinnati. Ohio, at an expense of $2,500, the 
old safe being turned in on account for $000. The new safe weighed ten tons 
— 20.0(K^ pounds — and stood in theollice in the rear of the block at the south- 
west corner of Main and Center streets, until the third week in October. 1882, 
when it was removed to permanent quarters in the now court house. 

COUNTY INFIRMARY. 

June 7, 1S4:U, the Commissioners, after due consideration, agreed unani- 
mously to levy a tax for the purpose of piu'chasing land on which to erect a 
county poor-house, and a tax of one-half mill on the dollar of valuation, or a 
total of about $850. was ordered. In December. 1850, seventy-five acres of 
land were purchased of Josiah Kelsey, to be used as a poor-farm. January 5, 
1850. the contract for erecting a building on the premises had been let to 
James Mcllroy, for the sum of $1,400. In a report made by the County 
Treasurer, on the 10th of June, 1851, are found the following items: 

Paid Josiah Kelsey, principal aud interest, for farm $ J)78 50 

Paid .Tamos W. Evans, for iMvoting- house and outliouse 1,-loT (51 

Paid Hohort Gibson, for repairinii' fences 00 00 

Paid for furniture, fixtures and provisions 307 oO 

Total lo that date f "3.763 67 

The building, as constructed, was 40x81 feet in dimensions, two stories 
high, with a hall across the middle: also a wing, one story high, with a cellar 
under, and a porch in front of the wing eight feet wide; the whole building 
constructed of brick. Mcllroy, to whom the contract was first awarded, was 




Fourth Union County Court House, finished January, I8B3. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 327 

subsequently put under bonds for an offense against the State, and the Board 
of Commissioners re-awarded it March 4, 1850, to James W. Evans, for $1,409. 
Final settlement was made with him March 5, 1851, and at the same time 
John Johnson, John W. Cherry and Joshua Marshall .were appointed Poor- 
Huuse Directors. Mi\ Cherry died eariy in. 1857, and Thomas E. Brown was 
appointed to fill the vacancy. In the winter of 1866-67, an amount of land 
equal to the original purchase was bought of G. W. Kent, making the present 
size of the farm 150 acres. May 19, 1870, the Commissioners advertised for 
proposals for 500,000 brick, and on the 6th of June following authorized the 
levy of a tax of two mills on the dollar for the piu'pose of building a new In- 
firmary. January 30, 1871, Commissioners Joseph K. Richey and James Ful- 
lington, and Infirmary Directors, John F. Sabine, Daniel G. Cross and John 
Guthrie, met and considered plans for the nevv building, and adopted the one 
presented by Jones & Gartner, architects, of Columbus, Ohio. March 31, 
1871, the Commissioners met to consider bids for erecting the building, and 
the contract therefor was awarded to R. N. Jones & Co., of Delaware, Ohio, 
for $27,600; their bid not including heating appliances. Several other firms 
competed for the work. Several changes were made in the plan, and the entire 
cost, exclusive of heating apparatus, was increased to $29,200. June 1, 1871, 
bonds were issued to the amou.nt of $25,000, to procure funds for proceeding 
with the work of construction; they were disposed of in New York City, by 
W. W. Woods, for $24,500, which sum was placed to the credit of Union 
County in the Bank of Marysville. The building was completed artd occupied 
in 1872, and the old one is now utilized as a barn. 

The first Superintendent of the Infirmary, in 1851, was William Porter, 
father of Judge John L. Porter, of Marysville. His successor was George 
Mills, followed by Levi Keeran, William Olds, O. W. R. Ingman, Robert 
Sharp; Ingman and Sharp served alternately, three years each. R. S. Bon- 
nett is the present Superintendent, having held the position since March, 
1882. The first inmate admitted after the farm was ready was a woman from 
Paris Township. The journal of the first Secretary of the Board of Directors 
has been lost, and, doubtless, much that might have been interesting is lost 
with it. It is the recollection of John F. Sabine, Esq., the present Secretary, 
that the institution had but three inmates when first opened in 1851. The 
health of the inmates has always been remarkably good; no epidemic has ever 
occurred, the deaths being mostly from chronic diseases or old age. But 
about one-fifth of the farm is uncultivated. In September, 1882, when the 
Secretary made his report, the institution contained 32 male and 31 female 
inmates, a total of 63; 19 persons had been received during the year then 
ended, 14 had been discharged, 2 ran away, 5 died and 2 were sent to other in- 
stitutions. The total expenditures for the year were $5,024.90; receipts, 
$627.29; net expenses, $4,379.61. The Infirmary building is one of the finest 
for the purpose in the State. 



328 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 



CHAPTER VI. 



COUNTY SOCIETIES. 

UNION COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.* 

AT the time our Agricultural Society was organized, our county was thinly 
populated and one of the most backward counties in the State, very little 
tillable land, but little cultivated, not enougli of grain products or stock raised 
to supply home demand — no thoroughbred stock of any kind, but on the con- 
trary, veiy inferior hoi'ses, cattle, sheep and hogs of every kind, and the farm- 
ing implements used were very few and j^rimitive in kind. Our county in its 
earliest day was settled with men of strong moral convictions, industrious and 
enterprising, and at an early date advocated the importance of organizing 
an agricultm-al society. The first meetiag to organize was held in the old 
court house during the summer of 1847, at which time the society was organ- 
ized and officers elected, and the time lixed for holding the first fair in the 
county was in the second week of October of the same year. 

The first fair was held in the public S(]uare of Marysville, using the old 
coiu't house for the display of fabrics. The second year the ground for ex- 
hibiting was about two squares south on Main street and continued in that vi- 
cinity until the year 185'2, using the coiu-t house for the fine art hall. After- 
ward the fair was held on the grounds now owned and occupied by the so- 
ciety for that pm'pose. 

A committee in 1854 was appointed to make a purchase of fairground and 
report plan for payment. The committee made a purchase of John Cassil of 
thirteen acres of land on the Marion road, about three-fourths mile from the 
public square in Marysville, for which they agreed to pay $50 per acre, one- 
half January 1, 1855, balance in one year, with interest, and executed a writ- 
ten contract to that effect. 

The plan reported by the committee to procui-e funds for the piu'chase was 
that the ground be piu'chased by a joint-stock company in which each share 
should be $10. The deed of conveyance to be made to such stockhold- 
ers, subject to the use of the Union County Agricultural Society, so long as it 
should use the same for a fair ground, but to pass absolutely and uncondition- 
ally with the improvements to the stockholders, when the society shall dis- 
band or cease to occupy it for its annual fairs. In accordance to the plan re- 
ported, a warranty deed conveying the thirteen acres of land in Sui'vey No. 
3,353 was made by John Cassil, November 20, 1860, to the following named 
persons, stating the number of shares taken by each: 

John F. Sabine, 1 share; J. C. Miller, 2; James A. Henderson, 1; Richey 
& Buxton, 1;P. Manchester, 1; R. L. Broome. 1-, Solomon Cook, 1; John Bar- 
bom*, 1; Jesse Mearis, 1; J. R. Gallowav. 1; Moses Coe, 1; A. S. Chapmjin & 
Co., 1; W. H. Robb, 1: Joseph Newlove, 1: John E. Cahill, 1; William M. 
Robinson, 1; John Cassil, 4; Samuel Woods, 1; J). D. Welsh, 1; E. Biglow, 
1; Luther Winget, 1; Rav G. Morse, 1; Benjamin Gordon, 1; James Smith 
(Darby Plains), 1; John Reed, 3d, 1; R. D. Reed, 1; A. A. Woodworth, 1; Will- 

*The article ou this society was kindly contributed by R. L. Woodburn, Esq., of .Marysville. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTV. ' 329 

iam Bigger, 1; Jesse Gill, 1; A. F. Wilkins, 1; John W. Thompson, 1; S. A. 
Clien-y, 1; Thomas AV. Miller, 1; John Johnson, 1; John T. Lenox, 1; James 
Finley, 1: W. W. Woods, 1; C. S. Hamilton, 1; P. B. Cole, 1; William C. 
Malin, 1: Joshua Marshall,!; Tabor KandalL 1; N. Raymond, 1; S. R. Reed, 
1; F. Hemingway, 1: Hiram Stokes, 1; AVilliam Gabriel, 1: George B. Burn- 
ham, 1 ; J. & E.Burnham, 3: James Riddle. Ih; James Fullington, 3; Charles 
Fullington, 3; George \V. Stamates, 1; J. C. Sidle, 1; James Kinkade, 1; Philip 
Snider, 1; James W. Robinson, 2; Samuel C. Lee, 1; C. Houston, 1; William 
T. Brophy, 1; Phelps & Mc Wright, 1; Thomas Turner, 1; J. Sexton & Co., 1; 
James Martin, 1; William R. Webb, 1; James M. Welsh, 1. 

There were others who subscribed and paid part, but by the conditions 
of the association the same were forfeited because not paid in full, and 
part of the amount subscribed was paid toward the improvements, and the sum 
of §G5() and interest paid for the said land: the total amount of land 
owned by the society is forty-seven acres and ninety-nine poles. The amount 
of purchase money paid, $6,092. 50. 

The fair grounds are well improved, a good half mile track, good sub- 
stantial buildings in the main. The amount of money spent for improving the 
grounds since its organization is about S8,oOO. The value of grounds. §15,000. 
The number of entries the first year were le.5s than 100. In the year 1882. 
were 1,920. 

The receipts the first year were less than SIOO. The i-eceipts for the year 
1882 were 85,212.15. The attendance the fii'st year was estimated about 250. 
In 1882, the attendance on the third day of the fair was estimated about 
12,000. The membership the fii'st year was about fifty. In 1882, it was 
2,200. 

The first money paid to any officer of the society was to John John- 
son, Secretary, §5 for his services from the organization of the society 
until the year 1852. C. S. Hamilton did all the printing for the society for 
the year 1851 for two years' membership, being the first compensation for 
printing. The first building was erected by Thomas Snodgrass, for the ac- 
commodation of the ticket master and board of directors, 20 feet long and 12 
feet wide, at the cost of §22 for the entire building. The first impoi'ted horse 
brought to the county was by Charles Fullington. in the year 1851, known as 
" Louis Napoleon," weighing 1,050 pounds. [n 1850, James Fullington 
brought from Kentucky the first thoroughbred cattle to the county. In 1853, 
Charles and James Full^'ngton imported to the county some very fine thorough- 
bred cattle, and the same year and by the same parties were imported to the 
county the first fine-wool sheep. W. M. Winget brought to the county the 
first thoroughbred "Jersey" in the year 1880. Our county is specially noted 
for raising French and Norman horses, and the money realized from their 
sales has been of great financial benefit to our farmers. Our county might be 
regarded better adapted to grass than any other product. Great improvement 
has been made in the last few years in the raising of wheat, by the means of 
fertilizing, which has proved to be of great profit, and quite a number of our 
farmers are using the same with great success. 

The admission fee to the fair is $1 for a man and his wife and all the 
minors of his family during the fair, with the privilege of taking a wagon 
inside the gi-ounds and of e:diibiting articles; for each footman, 25 cents: for 
wagon or buggy, 25 cents; and each person in same, 25 cents; children, 10 
cents; and horsemen 40 cents. Persons from any part of the State are allowed 
to compete for premiums of stock, farm implements and fine arts by paying 



330 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

$2. Any person who is a resident of the county and twenty-one years old may 
become a member of the society by paying $1 to the Treasurer annually, which 
entitles him to a family ticket for the year. The family ticket system has 
pro\ed a great success, making the price so reasonable that it brings it within 
the reach of every citizen, giving him an opportunity of every advantage to be 
derived from the fair. The object of our managers has been to award in pre- 
mium to the exhibitors the proceeds of the fair each year, after deducting the 
necessary amount for improvements and expenses. 

All games of chance and intoxicating drinks are prohibited. No officer 
of the society receives any pay except the Secretary. The society is in good 
financial condition. 

The Agricultural Society has been of great benefit to the county, inspir- 
ing a zeal of enterprise among the people that is commendable. One re- 
markable feature of our society has been the unanimity with which the ofificei's 
and managers have Avorked together from its organization, with but one object 
in view, its success. 

The following are the names of the officers from its organization to the 
present: 

1847 — President, Eliphas Burnham; Vice President, A. A. Woodworth; 
Treasurer and Secretary, Jfjhn Johnson. 

1848 — President, Eliphas Burnham; Vice President, A. A. Woodworth; 
Treasurer and Secx'etaiy, John Johnson. 

1849 — President, Eliphas Burnham ; Vice President, J. W. Robinson; 
Treasurer, Cyprian Lee; Secretary, John Johnson. 

1850 — President, Eliphas Bm-nham; Vice President, J. R. Galloway; 
Treasurer, Cyprian Lee; Secretary, John Johnson. 

1851 — President, Joshua Judy; Vice President, Eliphas Burnham; Treas- 
urer, Cyprian Lee; Secretary, John Johnson. 

1852 — President, Joshiia Judy; Vice President, Eliphas Burnham; Treas- 
urer, Joshua Marshall; Secretary, John Johnson. 

1853 — President, Joshua Judy; Vice President, Eliphas Burnham; Treas- 
urer, Joshua Marshall; Secretary, John Johnson. 

1854 — President, Eliphas Burnham; Vice President, John Cassil; Treas- 
urer, Joshua Marshall; Secretary, John Johnson. 

J 855 — President, Eliphas Burnham; Vice President, John Cassil; Treas- 
lu'er, Joshua Marshall; Secretary, John Johnson. 

1856 — President, A. A. Woodworth; Vice President, J. R. Galloway; 
Treasurer, John Barbour; Secretary, James W. Robinson. 

1857 — President, Eliphas Burnham; Vice President, James A. Henderson; 
Treasarer, John Barbour; Secretary, James AY. Robinson. 

1858 — President, Eliphas Burnham; Vice President, James A. Hender- 
son; Treasurer, E. L. Reynolds; Secretary, M. C. Lawrence. 

1859 — President, Eliphas Buinham; Vice President, James W. Robinson; 
Treasurer, E. L. Reynolds; Secretary, C. S. Hamilton. 

1860 — President, Eliphas Burnham; Vice President, James W. Robinson; 
Treasm-er, E. L. Reynolds; Secretary, C. S. Hamilton. 

1861 — -President, James W. Robinson; Vice President, Eliphas Burnham; 
Treasurer, E. L. Reynolds; Secretary, C. S. Hamilton. 

1862 — President, James W. Robinson; Vice President, R. D. Reed; Treas- 
urer, E. L. Reynolds; Secretary, C. S. Hamilton. 

1863— President, R. D. Reed; Vice President, W. M. Robinson; Treas- 
urer, E. L. Reynolds; Secretary, C. S. Hamilton. 

1864 — President, R. D. Reed; Vice President, Levi Longbrake; Treas- 
urer, S. S. Jewell; Secretary, S. C. Lee. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 331 

1865- -President, R. D. Reed; Vice President, James W. Robinson; Treas- 
urer, S. S. Jewell; Secretary, S. C. Lee. 

1866 — President, R. D. Reed; Vice President, James W. Robinson; Treas- 
urer, S. S. Jewell; Secretary, S. C. Lee. 

1867 — President, James W. Robinson; Vice President, Thomas W. Mil- 
ler; Treasurer, ; W. H. Robb; Secretary, James A. Henderson. 

1868— President, James W. Robinson; V^ice President, H. C. Hamilton; 
Treasurer, W. H. Robb; Secretary, L. Piper. 

1869 — President, Philip Snider; Vice President, James A. Henderson; 
Treasurer, W. H. Robb; Secretary, L. Piper. 

1870 — President, Philip Snider; Vice President, James A. Henderson; 
Treasurer, W H. Robb; Secretary, L. Piper. 

1871 — President, Philip Snider; Vice President, George Sinclair; Treas- 
urer, James A. Henderson; Secretary, L. Piper. 

1872 — President, George Sinclair; Vice President, Joshua S. Gill; Treas- 
urer, James A. Henderson; Secretary, L. Piper. 

1878 — President, George Sinclair; Vice President, George Wilber; Treas- 
urer, James A. Henderson; Secretary, R. L. Woodburn. 

1874 — President, George Sinclair; Vice President, George Wilber; Treas 
urer, Philip Snider; Secretary, R. L. Woodbm-n. 

1875 — President, George Wilber; Vice President, William R. Webb; 
Treasurer, Philip Snider; Secretary, R. L. Woodburn. 

1876— President, W. R. AVebb; Vice President, Darius Buxton; Treasurer, 
Philip Snider; Secretary, R. L. Woodburn. 

1877 — President, W. R. Webb; V^ice President;, Darius Buxton; Treas- 
urer, Philip Snider;. Secretary, R. L. Woodburn. 

1878 — President, Darius Buxton; Vice President, Nathan Howard; Treas- 
urer, Philip Snider; Secretary, R. L. Woodburn. 

1879^President, Darius Buxton; Vice President, Nathan Howard; Treas- 
urer, Luther Liggett; Secretary, A. H. Beightler. 

1880 — President, Darius Buxton; Vice President, Luther Liggett; Treas- 
urer, Philip Snider; Secretary, A. H. Beightler. 

1881 — President, Darius Buxton; Vice President, T. P. Shields; Treasurer, 
Philip Snider; Secretary, A. H. Beightler. 

1882 — President, Darius Buxton; Vice President, T. P Shields; Treas- 
urer, W. H. Robb; Secretary, A. H. Beightler. 

1883 — President, Darius Buxton; Vice President, T. P. Shields; Treas- 
urer, W. H. Robb; Secretary, A. H. Beightler. 

The following are the names of all the persons who have served as mem- 
bers of the Board of Directors: Joseph Brannon, John Reed, 3d, W. M. Rob- 
inson, Joshua Marshall, B. F. Kelsey, -1. R. Galloway, Solomon Cook, Thomas 
Turner, R. L. Judy, James M. Welsh, A. A. Woodworth, P. Manchester, Jr. , 
William T. Brophy, J. C. Sidle, John Sterling, P. W. Alden, Joshua, 
Judy, Jesse Gill, James Fullington. D. D. Welsh, John Johnson, Charles, 
Fullington, Isaac Mechney, T. W. Miller, James B. Richey, Levi Longbrake, 
George Stuart, I. W. Smith, Thomas Robinson, D. G. Cross, Philip Coe, James 
A. Henderson; David Watson, John Mitchell, Jr., George Stephens, F. Fen- 
ner, J. R. Richey, W. C. Wood, Peleg Cranston, Thomas Turner, W. H. H. 
Miller, Moses Coe, C. S. Hamilton, W. H. H. Titus, Dyer Reed, George P. 
Cross, J. M. Ronev, John Sidle, Nathan Howard, Lee Smith, Philip Snider, 
George Sinclair, K. L. Wood, H. C. Hamilton, J. M. Danforth, R. T. McAl- 
ister, William R. Webb, George Wilber, Israel Slack, D. R. White, W. P. 
Anderson, Edward Powers, D. H. Henderson, Charles W. Smith, Philip 
Roush, L. M. Fairbanks, Luther Turner, Hylas Sabine, Uriah Cahill, Jehu 



332 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY, 

Gray, T. P. Shields, Jerry Reinharfc, George Keckley, Isaac Willet, W. F. H. 
Pennington. 

THE UNION COUNTY BIBLE SOCIETY.* 

A history of Union County, Ohio, would be very imperfect if it did not 
include some account of its County Bible Society, atisiliary to the American 
Bible Society. There can be no doubt that this society has had much to do in 
influencing and determining the moral and religious tone of this community, 
out of which has come not only a large proportion of the existing churches of 
the county, but much of its prosperity, and the spirit of improvement and 
progress which characterizes the people of the county at the present time. 
When in 183), the UaioQ Coaaty Bible S33iefcy wis flrsb organized, it was evi- 
dence of the fact that there were those among the pioneer settlers who ap- 
preciated the teachings of the Bible and the importance of having these teach- 
ings disseminated and observed. At that period, the county was but very 
sparsely settled in any part of it; a large part of its territory was but little 
changed from an unbroken wilderness, and the entire population, according to 
the census, was but 3,192. It was not strange, under these circumstances, 
that the operations of its infant Bible Society were very limited for the first 
ten years of its existence, and its records for this period not having been pre- 
served, it can only be contemplated as having its place as a planted seed in the 
county, the fruits of which were to appear in after time. But in July, IS-il, 
the population having increased to something over 8,000 (by the census of 
1840 it was 8,443), it was re-organized, and in adopting a new constitution 
the following preamble is found upon its records: 

"Whereas, a Bible Society auxiliary to the American Bible Society has 
been in existence in Union County with a constitution which has been mis- 
laid or lost, therefore resolved that the following Constitution be adopted in 
lieu thei-eof, as the constitution of the Union County Bible Society." 

In the constitution then ado]ited. Article 1 designates its name. 

Article 2 declares that " The whole object of the society shall be to pro- 
mote the circulaiion of the Bible without note or comment." 

Article 3 provides " That any person may become a member who shall pay 
annually to its funds any specific sum, and shall be allowed to purchase Bi- 
bles and Testaments at cost price " from the Depository. 

Article 4 provides that " The funds of the society shall be devoted to the 
supply of the destitute in its own sphere, or paid over to the parent society." 

Article 5 provides that " The officers shall consist of a President, Vice 
President, Secretary, Treasurer and Depositary," to be elected annually or 
hold their offices until their successors shall be elected. 

Articles <3 and 7 provide that these officers shall constitute a Board of 
Managers to carry out the designs of the society. 

Article 8 provides for the alteration of the constitution. 

It is worthy of notice that the first organization of this society in 1 830 
was but fifteen years after the formation of the American Bible Society, which 
took place in 1815; so that this County Auxiliary Society, with all its disadvan- 
tages, was early in the field in tis endeavors to help forward the beneficent de- 
signs of the parent society, and it is pertine?it and fitting to say that whatever 
good has resulted from the operations of this county society, it may all be re- 
viewed as so much testimony in commendation of the benevolence and wisdom 
of the originators and founders of the American Bible Society. There can be 
no doubt that this county society has been an incentive and a help in the or- 
ganization of most of the chur'-^hes now found in the county. There were but 
few church e-i in the county at the date of its first organization — not half a 

♦Prepared by \Villi;im Leu, of Marjsville, secretary of the Society, espocially for this worl£. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 333 

dozen, it is believed — and at the period of its re-organization in 1841, only a 
comparatively small number of the chui'ches now found in the county had been 
organized. 

The increased circulation of the Bible throu.gh the instrumentality of the 
county society, called attention to its teachings and to the commission and 
warrant furnished by the New Testament to gather the people into chui'ch as- 
sociations; and formal church organizations have followed as a natural result. 
Without entering into statistical details of the operations of the society, it 
will suffice for the present purpose to state that, from its re organization in 
1841, it has maintained a depository at which there has usually been an ample 
supply of Bibles and Testaments to meet the wants of the county and carry 
out the objects of the society. Thousands of volumes have gone out from the 
depository, and, besides paying the parent society for these books, a very con- 
siderable sum of money has been contributed to that society to aid it in its 
work of circulating the sacred Scriptures among the destitute in the wide field 
which it occupies. The work of tlie county society has been prosecuted by 
various methods. It has sometimes had local visitors in the different school 
districts, and at other times employed canvassing agents to go over the entire 
county to seek out the destitute families and supply them, and at the s ame 
time solicit from the friends of the Bible their pecuniary contributions to pay 
for gratuitous distributions to the needy among us, and to enlarge the contri- 
butions of this society to the parent society. In addition to the methods thus 
mentioned, there have been organized, in all the fourteen townships of the 
county, branch societies, and there have been periods when most of these 
branch societies have done good work for the Bible cause. As the work of this 
society has been inaugui-ated and carried forward chiefly by the personal agency 
of those who have been its official representatives and managers, their names 
are a part of its history. It has already been stated that no record has been 
preserved of what was done for ten years after its first organization, but it has 
been ascertained from the records of the parent society that the Union County 
Bible Society Avas first organized as an auxiliary in August, 1830, and that E. 
Strong was both President and Corresponding Secretary at that time. 

After the re-organization in 1841, the names of the officers of the society 
are as follows: 

Presidents — S. Gr. Strong, one year, to 1842; Cyprian Lee, from 1842 to 
1853, inclusive, twelve years; Otway Curry, elected in 1854, and held the of- 
fice at the time of his decease in 1855; Rev. James Smith, from 1856 to 1875, 
inclusive, nineteen years; Rev. W. G. March, elected in 1875 and 1876, two 
years; Rev. W. A. James, in 1877, one year; Rev. P. P. Pope. 1878-79, two 
years; Rev. A. Harmount, 1880-82, two years — present incumbent. 

Secretaries — Joseph H. Gill, for 1841, one year; George W. Cherry, four 
years, beginning 1842; Heman Ferris, 1845-46, two years; John Johnson, 
from 1847, seven years; C. S. Hamilton, 1854-57, three years; S. W. Dolbear, 
1858-61, three years; William Lee, 1862 to 1882, inclusive, excepting one 
year in 1873-74, when Franklin Wood held the office. Mr. Lee is the pres- 
ent Secretary of the Society. 

Treasm-ers- -William Snodgrass, 1841, one year; William H. Frank, 1842- 
44, inclusive, three years; Rowland Lee, 1854-56, two years; William H. 
Skinner, 1847-53, six years; Cyrus A. Phelps, 1854-57, inclusive, four- years; 
Charles Rathbun, 1858-62, four years; A. J. Whitney, 1863-75, twelve years; 
E. S. Pyne, 1875-78, three years; L. Piper, 1878-82, present incumbent. 

Depositaries — Cyprian Lee, 1841, one year; Rodney Picket, 1842-53, 
eleven years; Cyrus A. Phelps, 1853, one year; William M. Smith, 1854-61, 
seven years; William H. Phelps, 1862-63, two years; D. Buxton, 1864, one year; 



334 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY, 



Thomas Brown, 1865-09, four years; Philip Snider, 1870-74, foiir years; Al- 
vin Thompson, 1875, one year; F. T. Arthm-, J 870, one year; F. O. Pierson, 
1877, one year; Miss Ella Robb, 1878-80, two years; G. R. Greenawalt, 1880-82, 
present incumbent. 

UNION COUNTY PIONEER ASSOCIATION. 

Pursuant to a published call, signed by W. M. liobinson, H. Sabine and 
others, a number of the pioneers of Union County met at the court house in 
Marysville on the 4th of December, 1875, and orj^anized an association. Will- 
iam M. Robinson was chosen Chairman and H. Sabine, Secretary. A consti- 
tution was adopted, and the following persons were enrolled as members of 
the society: 



NAME. 



WHKUK UOKK. 



Eliphas Burnham 76 

George Snodgrass I 70 



John F. Sabine 

William Porter 

Tobias Beigbtler 

Abraham Amrine. . . . 

Samuel Reed 

Ray G. Morse 

Josiah Westlake 

Josiah Reed 

William M. Robinson 

Hiram Kent 

Edward Powers 

George Reed 

Robert Graham 

Samuel Gamble 

A. A. Woodworth. . . . 

George Mitchell 52 

Taber Randall 69 

Joseph Dodds 84 

William Phillips 67 

Thomas Snodgrass 68 

Robert Snodgrass 75 

A. P. Robinson I 63 

R. L. Partridge 

Hylas Sabine. 46 



Connecticut. 

Union County, Ohio. 

Vermont. 

Pennsj'lvania. 

Pennsylvania. 

Belmont County. Ohio. 

Pennsylvania. 

Rhodt' Island. 

Belmont County. Ohio. 

Union County, Ohio. 

Union County, Ohio. 

Franklin County, Ohio. 

Madison County, Ohio. 

Union County, Ohio. 

New York. 

Clark County, Ohio. 

Connecticut. 

Union County, Ohio. 

Vermont. 

Pennsylvania. 

Pennsylvania. 

Union County, Ohio. 

Union County, Ohio. 

Union Count)', Ohio. 

Union County, Ohio. 



RESIDENCE 




IN 


COUNTY. 


57 


years. 


63 


years. 


58 


vears. 


49 


years. 


54 


years. 


75 


years. 


57 


years. 


40 


years. 



57 years. 

40 years. 

50 years. 
53 years. 
42 years. 



40 j'cars. 



The following officers were chosen for the ensuing year: William M. 
Robinson, President; H. Sabine, Secretary; J. F. Sabine, Treasurer; Vice 
Presidents as follows, one from each township: William Porter, Union; Hi- 
ram Kent, Darby; Jesse Mitchell, Jerome; Silas Bell, Mill Creek; Samuel 
Gamble, Dover; Joseph Dodds, Paris; Abraham Holycross, Allen; Stephen 
Shirk, Liberty; George W. Carey, Leesburg; Samuel Scott, Taylor; William 
Phillips, Claibourne; John Chapman, JacksoQ; Gorham Bird, Washington; 
Jonathan G. Miller, York. After some other business the society adjourned to 
hold its first regular meeting on the first Saturday in the following Juno. 

The second meeting was held as appointed, and about 100 pioneers were 
present. Judge P. B. Cole delivered the principal addi-e.-^s, and was followed 
by William Porter, of Union Township, William Phillips, of Claibourne, and 
A. A. Woodworth, of Union. 

The third meeting was held at the court house in Marysville, January 0. 
1877, at which time William M. Robinson was re-elected President, and H. Sa- 
bine, Secretary. Several new members were added, making a total of sixty- 
five. The followinof Vice Presidents were elected: 




i^^<J-c\ 



HISTORY OF ifNION COUNTY. 33 ( 

William Porter, Union Township; Hiram Kent, Darby; Nelson Cone, Je- 
rome; Joseph Conklin, Mill Creek; Samuel Gamble, Dover; Joseph Dodds, 
Paris; James Wilber, Allen; Stephen Shirk. Liberty; G. W. C^ary, Leesbm-f:^; 
A. G. Brooks, York; Samuel Scott, Taylor; William Phillips, Claibourne; M. 
Chapman, Jackson; Gorham Bird, Washington. Short addresses were made 
by A. A. Woodworth, Eliphas Burnham and Nelson Cone. Mr. Burnham re- 
membered some of the commands given by an old-time Madison County Militia 
Captain, among others these: "Advance backward three paces!" "Elevate 
your pieces well downward!" The latter command was given upon entering 
a sham fight. Mr. Burnham assisted in building the first jail in Union Coun- 
^J' ^ ^^S structure. At this meeting the death of Adam Shirk, a native of 
Virginia, was announced. He had lived in Union County since about 1826. 

The next meeting was held at the same place June 20, 1878, and was 
but slimly attended. The meeting for August 16, 1879, was held at the 
court house, and but few were present, owing to bad weather. The pioneers 
met again in September following, and there -is no record of further proceed- 
ings until July 4, 1881, when another meeting was held at Marysville. Reso- 
lutions were read and adopted in respect to the memory of Eliphas Burnham, 
Jesse Mitchell and A. G. Brooks, deceased pioneers. Feeling tribute was 
paid to them and their cotemporary workers in the wilderness, and the fol- 
lowing poem was read as appropriate to the occasion: 

THE FAEMER's eulogy. 

" On a green, mossy knoll, by the banks of the brook, 
That so long and so often has watered his flock, 
The old farmer rests in his long and last sleep. 
While the waters a low, whispering lullaby keep. 
Chorus: 

He has plowed his last furrow, has reaped his last grain; 
No morn shall awake him to labor again. 

"Yon tree, that with fragrance is filling the air, 
So rich witli its blossoms, so thrifty and fair, 
By his own hands was planted, and well did he say 
It would live wlien its planter had moldered away. 
Chorus, etc. 

" Thei'e is the well he dug, with the water so cold. 
With its wet, dripping bucket, so mossy and old. 
No more from its depths by the patriarch drawn. 
For the pitcher is bi-oken and the old man is gone. 
Chorus, etc. 

" 'Twas a gloom giving day when the old ff rmer died; 
The stout-hearted mourned, the affectionate cried, 
And the prayers of the just for his rest did ascend, 
For they all lost a brother, a man and a friend. 
Chorus, etc. 

"For upright and honest the old farmer was; 
His God he revered, and respected the laws. 
Though faultless he lived, he has gone where his worth 
Will outshine, like pure gold, all the dross of the earth." 
Chorus, etc. 

Resolutions were also adopted in respect to the memory of Mrs. W. M. 
Robinson (wife of the President of the Association), Mrs. David Burnham 
and Mrs. John Fleck. John B. Coats was elected Secretary in place of H. Sa- 
bine, who had removed from the county. Mr. Robinson was re-elected Presi- 
dent. Remarks were made by Nelson Cone, Aaron Shirk, Judge Coats and 
others, and the assembly adjourned to meet September 8, 1881. At the time 
named there was a fair attendance, and several new members w«re admitted. 
An adjournment was had to the second week in June, 1882, but no meeting 



338 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

was held at that time, nor until the 27th of September following, when a few 
of the members met at the Mayor's office in Marysville. The old officers were 
ro-elected, and the regular date for holding meetings was changed to the third 
Wednesday in June, but one meeting being agreed upon annually instead of 
two as before. The last gathering was very interesting, notwithstanding the 
small attendance. 

UNION COUNTY FARMERS' INSURANCE COMPANY. 

This company was organized at York Center, in June, 1881, and was in. 
corporated on the 10th of that month. It is designed exclusively for a protect- 
ive fire insui'ance association for farmers. The incorporators were: Uriah 
Cahill, Lemuel Cahill, John Trimble, M. E. Stamets, C. W. Smith, H. P. 
Harvey. L. D. AVorbs, L. W. Bolenbaugh, Amon Davis, John Penhorwood, 
Jehu Grey, Jacob Harris, Nat Brooks, Isaac Cahill, L. H. Bechtel, P. T. 
Webster, J. J. Miller, S. Taylor, J. A. Morrow, L. H. Southard, Bent Ca- 
hill, W. M. Skidmore. A. J. Richardson. The following officers were chosen: 
President, Uriah Cahill; Vice President, Amon Davis; Secretary, L. H. South- 
ard; Treasurer, S. Taylor; Directors, L. H. Bechtel, Isaac Cahill, C. W. Smith, 
Nat Brooks, Amos P. Harvey. The first tire loss incurred by the company 
occurred early in December, 1882, when the house of J. J. Goldsmith, of Jack- 
son Township, was burned, and an assessment was made to pay it. A horse 
belonging to Amon Davis, of York Township, had been previously killed by 
lightning, but the loss was paid without an assessment. The officers of the 
company in December, 1882. were: President, Uriah Cahill; Vice President, 
John Penhorwood; Secretary, L. H. Southard; Treasurer, Sylvanus Taylor; 
Directors, C. W. Smith, L. H. Bechtel, Lemuel Cahill, A. P. Harvey, Stephen 
Shirk. 

THE UNION COUNTY TEACHERs' INSTITUTE 

Was organized probably about 18(jG (the absence of the records makes the 
date uncertain), and has been very successful to the present time. Among 
the teachers of Marysville who have been connected with it are L. Piper, R. 
L. Woodburn and Edward W. Porter. Franklin Wood was its first President, 
holding that position a number of years. He moved from Marysville in the 
fall of 1878, and is now engaged in teaching in the State of New York. The 
Teachers' Institute has been very beneficial to its members; the attendance has 
averaged about 150, most of the teachers present belonging to Union County. 
S. W. Van Winkle, of Richwood, is the President of the Institute at this time 
(December, 1882), and Spain, Secretary, succeeding E. W. Porter. 

NORMAL SCHOOL.* 

The Normal School which was very successfully conducted by J. S. Whar- 
ton and D. N. Cross, two well-known teachers of this county, during the sum- 
mer of 1882, at Marysville, promises to be a permanent and profitable organi- 
zation as a review preparation and special training for teachers who desire to 
become more proficient in their vocation. During the Normal, many teachers 
were in attendance, and all appreciated its valae and importance. The ear- 
nest teacher knows that education is not a fixed but a progressive science, and 
will always, dui'ing his vacation, devote at least a little time to reviews and 
study of his work. 

THE GRANGE IN UNION COUNTY. 

Among the many agencies and influences which have been at work to ad- 
vance Union County to the front rank of counties in Ohio, the Grange is enti- 
tled to notice. The Grange movement, having for its main objects the social, 

* Items by J. S. Wharton. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 839 

educational and material advancement of the farming classes of our country, took 
its start a few years after the close of the late war. Its growth at first was 
slow and uncertain, but aboat the year 1870 it received a new impulse and rap- 
idly spread over the Western States, and successively in other sections of our 
country, until it secured a footing in every State and extended into Canada 
and Great Britain and other cou.ntries of Europe. 

The first Grange in Ohio was organized in East Cleveland, in 1872. On 
August 11, 1873, Mill Creek Grange, No. 99, the first Grange in Union Coun- 
ty, was organized at Watkins, in Mill Creek Township. Thomas P. Shields, 
who was a member of this Grange, received the appointment of Deputy from 
the National Grange to organize Granges, and subsequently organized the 
Granges in this county. The Granges of the county were organized in the 
order, and with the Masters and Seci'etaries as follows: 

Mill Creek Grange, No. 99, organized August 11, 1873; Thomas P. Shields, 
Master, William D. Brown, Secretary. 

Dover Grange, No. 225, November 22, 1873; James Rittenhouse, Master, 
Milo Howey, Secretary. 

Allen Township Grange, No. '342, December, 1873; William H. Crary, 
Master, George Mitchell, Secretary. 

York Grange, No. 313, December 27, 1873; Sylvanus Taylor, Master, U. 
Cahill, Secretary. 

Leesbm-g Grange, No. 372, January 9, 1874; O. Jewett, Master, H. High 
bargin. Secretary. 

Paris Grange, No. 404, January 15, 1874; John W. Robinson, Master, S. 
McFadden, Secretary. 

Liberty Grange, No. 016, February, 1874; James Herd, Master, C. W. 
Lyon, Secretary. 

Rush Creek Grange, No. 710, 1874; William Wilber, Master, W. D. 
Cameron, Secretary. 

Claibourne Grange, No. 849, 1874; M. W. Hill, Master, J. D. Graham, 
Secretary. 

Byhalia Grange, No. 918, 1874; Jehu Gray, Master, John Hobensack, 
Secretary. 

Broadway Grange, No. 972, June 26, 1874; W. S. Rogers, Master, Z. C. 
Pooler, Secretary. 

Jerome Grange, No. , 1874; Thomas Jones, Master, J. Hutchisson, 

Secretary. 

Darby Grange, No. 1,091, 1874; John Knock, Master, L. A. Dockum, 
Secretary. 

Several of these Granges have built commodious halls in which to hold 
their meetings. There is also a County or Pomona Grange, composed of mem- 
bers from the several subordinate Granges, organized April 6, 1877, Thomas 
P. Shields, Master, J. C. Hull, Secretary. The County Grange is intended to 
advance especially the educational features of the order. 

One noteworthy feature of the Grange is the admission of women to full 
membership, and to this fact may be attributed its great success as a social in- 
stitution. The Grange has done much toward lepsening the burdens of wo- 
men in the country households and afforded occasions and facilities for social 
intercoiirse unknown, or at least uncommon, before its advent. The presence 
of women at the regular meetings tends greatly to the encouragement and 
refinement of all parties. The Grange encom-ages education among farmers, 
and in their meetings are discussed questions calculated to improve their con- 
dition and contribute to make their homes more attractive. These discussions 
lead to liberal sentiments, and it is believed that through the liberal teachings 



340 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

of the Grange much has been accomplished in bringing onr T-ural population 
to the adoption of improved methods in farming, and greatly encouraged the 
spirit for building our free gravel roads, which at an early day encountered such 
stremious opposition. 

The Grange is in no respect partisan, yet in the meetings of the subordi- 
nate Granges as in the State and National Granges, men of all parties and 
sections are brought together and calmly discuss questions of public policy. 
These meetings and discussions tend greatly to remove sectional prejudices 
and jealousies, and moderate the asperities engendei'ed in heated political 
campaigns. The influence of the Grange has been felt in the legislation of 
our country, notably in the States of Illinois and Wisconsin, where restrictive 
laws regulating railroads were passed. These were commonly known as the 
Granger Laws, and much commented upon at first, yet they have all stood the 
test of the Supreme Court of the United States. In the future, this influence 
is destined to be felt in the impending contest between the people and mo- 
nopolies. 

Among those who have represented the Granges of Union County in the 
State Grange may be named: John W. Robinson. Mrs. Sarah C. Robinson, 
Sylvanus Taylor. James Rittenhouse, William H. Ci-ary, Thomas P. Shields, 
Mrs. E. J. Shields, Philip Coe, Mrs. Louisa S. Coe, James B. Dort, Thomas 
M. Brannan, Mrs. Amelia Brannan, L. L. Laughery, Mrs. Jane Ijaughery, 
Henry Highbargin, Mrs H. Highbargin. John M. Roney, Mrs. E. M. Roney, 
S. G. Gilcrist, Mrs. Lizzie L.Gilcrist. The county has also been represented 
among the officers of the State Grange by Mrs. E. J. Shields, who filled the 
position of Pomona. 

Many of the most substantial men and women of our county are members 
of the order and devoted to its principles. Among them will be found many 
who have held and now hold important official positions, such as County Com- 
missioners, Sherifl's. Treasiirers, etc. 

The Grange in Union County was popular in the start, subsequently it 
lost in membership and some Granges became dormant from various causes, 
more especially because many looked upon it as merely a money-saving insti- 
tution, and being disappointed, dropped out. Recently, however, as in other 
sections of the countiy, the Grange is beginning to have a healthy growth, 
and the prospect is that it will be in the near future what it was intended to 
be, a blessing to farmers and their families. 

Tlie educational feature of the order is being more thoroughly put into 
practice now than ever before. The National and State Granges are devoting . 
a large portion of their revenues toward the payment of lecturers to visit the 
Granges throughout the land, and any subordinate Grange, by a limited ex- 
penditure added to the provisions made by the State and National Granges, 
can secure the benefit of lectiires, essays and addresses, on subjects of general 
interest. Such privileges have been enjoyed by the citizens of the towns and 
cities greatly to their profit and improvement, but never by the country people 
imtil this system was devised by the Grange. That there has been a great 
improvement following the efforts of the Grange, no intelligent observer will 
deny. The safety of our free institutions depends upon the intelligence and 
vii'tue of our people, henue the importance of encouraging every effort to im- 
prove and advance the agricultural classes who constitute the great conserva- 
tive element of our country. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 341 



CHAPTER VII. 



THE COUNTY BOARD. 
Proceedings of the Board of Commissioners— Statistical. 

THE first recorded meeting of the Board of County Commissioners was held 
April 17, 1820, the following being the only entry found regarding it: 
" Joel Frankelberger, being appointed Clerk of the Board of Commissioners 
and duly qualified to office, there is deposited with said Clerk one bond of 
James Ewing, Sheriff, and one of Joseph Kennedy, Coroner." April 28, 1820, 
the sum of $1 per month was allowed for the hire of the Clerk's office. May 
15, the Commissioners " received pay for William Bui-am's license as a tavern 
keeper; also, received pay of Sanders & Davis in the use of the house for cost 
one year. Received of the county money, in cash, 50 cents. " June 5, allowed 
to Thomas Reynolds, for his services as Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas, 
$40 for one year; also, allowed $5 to Nathaniel Kazar, for making a table for 
the Clerk of the Court. On i^age 44, Record No. 1, is the following: 
" Ordered, by the Commissioners of Union County, that Levi C. Phelps, Sur- 
veyor of said county, shall coinmence running the line around the county on 
the last week of July, 1820. calculating the variation of the compass in order 
to run the true course." 

The business of the early Commissioners seems, from the records, to have 
been mostly in the line of issuing orders on the Treasury and attending to 
road matters. The following are among the first allowances recorded: 

May 15, 18:^0— 

To Joseph Williams. Lister of Mill Creek Township $3 00 

Order by Joshua Ewing on Treasurer 3 75 

Order by Philip Hawn, as House Appraiser 1 25 

Order by John Reed, as Lister and Appraiser 10 00 

Order by James Boal, as Road Commissioner 5 00 

July 10, 1820— 

Order by Thomas Reynolds 1 50 

Order by Henry Sager. as Commissioner 9 00 

Order by Robert Nelson, as Commissioner 9 00 

Order by David Comer, as Commissioner 6 75 

Order by Henry Sager, for running county line 15 00 

Order by Joel Frankelberger, as Clerk 5 00 

Order by John Porter, as Grand Juror 1 50 

Order by Allen Leeper, as Grand Juror 1 50 

Order by David Comer, as Grand Juror 3 00 

Order by Otis Green, attending on Grand Jury 1 50 

Order by Isaac Dodd 1 00 

Order by William Bodley ' 1 00 

Order by Samuel Kazar, Jr., Chain Carrier 6 50 

Order by William Leeper, for chain carrj'ing 11 00 

Order by David Mitchell, Associate Judge G 72 

Order by Nicholas Hathaway, Associate Judge 6 00 

Order by William Gabriel, Associate Judge 6 00 

Order by A. D. Van Horn, Attorney ....'. 40 00 

Order by Nathaniel Kazar, table for Clerk 5 00 

Order by A. Gill, Grand Juror 1 .50 

Order by T. Reynolds 10 00 

Order by Nathaniel Kazar, for making bench 75 

Order by Joshua Ewing, as County Auditor 41 41 

The total number of orders issued in the year 1820 was 129. 



o4J msrOKY OF INION roiNTV. 

Juno 2. iS'Jo. tho Ooiunussivniors luot at ^[arysYillo. and ai^iKMntod 
Hiohard Gabriol. F.sq.. Troasurov for that yoar, and John Uood. Oolhn'tor fm- 
tho sanio timo. duno k IS'JT. C>oovi;o l\o*\l. Hourv Sai:jor and Janirs Hord, 
Oomniissionoi-s. uu^t and procoodtnl. with tho Auditor, to forn\ a Iniard of 
b\|ualizatior.. " Andr»>\Y Notemau's houso. apln•ai^^Hl to ?40t). roduood to 
^olHV. Koubon P. jranu's two lots, fonuorly in tlio natno of Saimu'l Ka/ar. and 
ono houso. all fonuorly appraisod to ^2(U>. roduoivl to ^loO."' <Iuno 5. lSll7, 
" Tho Oouuuissionoi-s of I" uion County aoivj^tod a oortain lioonso for vondiujj 
oixxls. boarino^ dato. iVtobor toriu. A. D. iS'Jo. for tho torm of ono yoar. 
orautivl t,^ Lauson Curtis. A hiw boin^' passod. at tho sossiou of tho wintor 
}n-ovious. altoviuix tho modo of oollootiui^- ta\»^. oon\iuonoino; and takini;- otVoot 
on tho ist day of ^laroh, iSllO, tho abovo laid ovor for furthor oonsidoration." 
Indor ihi^'saiuo dato. tho rooord says: "Tho foropnuij lioonso givou to Lanson 
Curtis, tho Coiuuiissiouors of luiou County, aftor a full invostiojation. ai::roo 
to allow and rofund back to tho said Curtis tho amount of tho pivportiou 
which would aooruo on said liconso for six months. amountiu<; to §7.oO." At 
tho samo dato tho Conunissionoi's. haviui^ boon notitiod of a vaoanoy in tho 
ortioo of Coituty Auditor, appointod lAwi IMiolps as Auditor pro teni. 

XoYombor 4. IS'JS. by ordorof tho Commissiouoi-s, Lovi Tholps boo;an sur- 
voyiuj; tho bouudarios of tho townships in I'nion County in tho following 
ordor: I'nion. Parby. Joromo. Allon. and tho lino botwoon Liborty and IjOos- 
buri^. thino (\ iSllT. a tax of tl.roo mills on tho dollar was loviod for road 
purposos, and four mills for county pm*posos. ^laroh o. 1828, tho bond of 
County Auditor Lovi Pholps was roeoivod. ho haviuo- boou olootod to tho olHoe 
in Ootobor, 1827. March 4, " Ordcnnl. by tho Commissionoi's of I'nion 
County, that Lovi Pholps Surveyor of I'nion County, proceed to t-stablisb 
tho oastorn bouudiuy of Union County, to commonco on tho 24th of this 
instant." Also, samo dato, ordered "that notice be forwarded to tho Board of 
Couuuissionei"s of Delaware County notifying; them of their intention of ostab- 
lishiniT the above-mentioned boundary line, commencing on tho abovo mou- 
tiouod [date], to moot at Ephraim Markloy's. on Scioto, on said day." March 
r\ 1828. Stephen McLain was appointed to the ollico of County Sealer, and 
Lovi rholps was authorized to cause all necessary repairs to bo porfoviuod on 
tho court house and present his acctMint to tho next I5oard of Commissionoi*s. 
{June r>. 1828. the Commissiouoi-s plactni tho tax for that year at three mills 
to tho dolhu' on tho grand levy, and four mills for county piu'poses. At tho 
same dato, Lovi Phelps was ordered to jn'ocoed to survey and establish ths^ oast 
lino botwtH'U tho counties of Franklin and I'uion. and also establish tlio south- 
east corner of Union County agreeably to an act of the Legislature, passed 
January 10. 1820. erecting tl.o county of Union: to commonco on the third 
Monday in July following. ^Notice of said step was ordering to be forwarded 
to tho Clerk of tho Commissioners of Franklin Cotiuty. It was also ordereii 
that Mr. Phelps proceoti to establish tho lines of tho several townships, the 
lines between Union and Marion, and Union. Hiu'diu and Logan Counties, and 
give tho roipiirtxl notice to the Commissioners of the dilVerout counties. De- 
comber 2, 182S. Mr. Phelps having btvu unable to compl eto the sxirvoys of the 
a foremen ti on od county and township lines, was ordertnl to complete tho un^ur- 
veyed balance, instructions being given him as to the manner of procedure. 
He had not quite finished his work in March, 1829. and was given furthor time. 

Mjuvh 8. .1820, ordered that Silas G. Strong receive!? 14 in ailvauce toward 
his salary for 1820; also, ordoivd that a stim not exceeding ^lo be advanced 
by tho Treasiu'er, on the ordor of the Auditor, for the piupose of procuring a 
litigation record. 

May 4, 1820: " On a sj^cial call by the Jailor of Uuiou County, on ac- 



nimOKY OF CNION COUNTS. 343 

count of an insano pernon by the name of Joseph Bishoj), the Cornrairs.si oners 
met and proceeded to buHiness. Present. Henry' Saj^er, Jame:-i Herd and Elias 
Robinson. Said Commissioners called to their assistance Reuben P. Mann 
and Ira Wood, physicians, for the yjtirfKjse of exarnininj^ said Bishop; where- 
upon, on examination of said Bishop, as aforesaid, said phy.sicians and Com- 
missioners are of opinion that medical aid is at this time unnecessary, but are 
of opinion that it would be unsafe and inexpedient that said Bishofj run at 
large. Therefore, resolved, that said Bishop be kept in close conhnement 
under the direction of Ira Wood, one of the aforesaid physiciarw, for such a 
time as in the opinion of said physician shall be necessary for the public 
safety." 

June 2, 1820, it was ordered that John Stewart, then a resident of Paris 
Township, should be " attached for all purjjoses to the township of L'nion." 
On the followinf( day, the Commissioners settled with Stephen McLain, County 
Treasurer, and found a balance in favor of the county, for county road and 
schofjl purposes, of §1.820.435. June C, authorized Levi Phelps to procure 
a map of the county, to be used in the Auditor's office. June U, 1830, it was 
found that there was a balance in the Trea.sury of §1.957.773. June 10, 
allowed Levi Phelps, for salary as Auditor the previous year, §50; al.so, $40 
for a county map. Jur.j 11, Silas G. Stronf^ sent in his resignation as County 
Recorder, and the Commissioners appointed Robert Andrew U} fill the vacancy. 
June 25, notice havin;^ been received from the Commissioners of Logan 
County that they intended to proceed to establish the line between Logan and 
Union Counties, from the Greenville treaty line north, on the second Monday 
in July, Levi Phelps, Surveyor of Union County, was ordered to procef;d to 
assist them in the work. 

March 5, 1832, Levi Phelps was ordered to j)rocure 000 feet of flooring 
plank, one inch thick. 1,000 feet of " sealing " plank and 150 feet of 4-inch 
plank, for the purpose of repairing the jail. June 7, 1832, upon settlement 
with the County Treasurer, it was found that the balance of funds in his pos- 
session amounted to §0,149.143. On the same day, the Commissioners em- 
ployed Adam "VVolford to repair the jail, " by laying floors and partitions, agree- 
ably to an article of agreement entered into, for the sum of §23; and also 
directed the County Auditor to pay the said amount for the performance of 
the said work, and also for the materials, to be paid out of the County 
Treasury." March 5, 1833, ordf-red that the Auditor procure weatherboard 
strips for the "jail-house." 

June 2, 1834, the Commissioners settled with the County Assessor, allow- 
ing him §55.50 for thirty-seven days' services, and §1 for duplicate. June 5, 
1835, an approf)riation of §55 was made for framing a bridge over Mill Creek 
on the Marion State road, north of Marysville.* March 7, 1837, the Commis- 
sioners approjjriated §300 for the purpose of building a bridge across Darbj' 
Creek, on the State road near Milford, said sum to be expended under the 
direction of Jacob Fairfield. A small appropriation was subsequently made 
for finishing the work. June 7, 1838, the following attorneys, residents of 
Union County, were taxed 50 cents each by the Commissioners: W.C. Law- 
rence, P. B. Cole, Augustus Hall, John F. Kinney. The same amount was 
taxed against each of the following physicians: Winthrop Chandler, Benjamin 
Davenport, Reuben P. Mann, Ira AVood, David Welch, John P. Brookins; the 
latter was at the time one of the County Commissioners. The rates of taxation 
for that year were: For school purposes, two mills on each dollar of valu- 
ation; for county purposes, four mills; for court house purposes, two mills; 
for road purposes, three mills; for Stat^ and canal purposes, four mills. 

* A ij(!>v wooden bridge was built at the Baioe place in 1855. 



344 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Numnrous appropriations were made during 1838 for building bridges over 
the streams of the county. 

June 3, 1839, the board ordered that a certain saw-mill in Jerome Town- 
ship, charged on the duplicate to Dandridge and Daniel Hemmenway, be omitted 
from the new duplicate, as it had gone out of existence. At the same time it 
was ordered that Samuel Martin's mill be valued at $100. Silas G. Sti-ong 
resigned as Auditor, October 3, 1839, and on the 12th of the same month the 
Commissioners appointed Silas G. Strong Auditor pro tern.; he was elected to 
the office for the succeeding term. June 7, 1841, Thomas F. Woods, County 
Assessor, was allowed $110. 37|^ for his services. March 7, 1843, the Commis- 
sioners ordered the County Surveyor to act in conjunction with the Surveyor 
of Franklin County in establishing the line between the two counties, and 
also to establish the southeast corner of Union County. 

March 2, 1847, the County Recorder was authorized to transcribe, from 
the records of title deeds in Madison and Ross Counties, all pertaining to 
Union County, for record in the latter. The work was done under the super- 
vision of William M. Robinson, then Recorder. The taxes assessed in 1847 
were in amount as follows: 

For couuty purposes $2,660 

For road purposes 1,660 

For bridge purposes 400 

For school purposes 660 

Total $5,380 

June 6, 1849, ordered that the bounty on wolf scalps be increased to $3.50 
on each wolf under six months of age, the county paying the excess of $2.50. 
June 6, 1850, the Commissioners authorized the levy of $4,000 in Paris Town- 
ship for aid to the Marysville & Delaware Plank Road Company, $4,000 in the 
same township for the Clark & Union Turnpike Company, and half the same 
sums in Union Township for the same roads, with furl.her orders for levies in 
1851. Neither this plank road nor any other was ever built in the county, and 
the taxes levied were not collected. April 7, 1851, the voters of the county, 
by a vote of 1,212 to 779, decided to raise a tax of $75,000 for stock in the 
Springfield & Marysville Railroad, and $12,500 in the Indiana, Piqua & 
Columbus Railroad, should the latter be constructed through Milford Center, 
with other provisions. Subsequent to this election, the Commissioners sub- 
scribed the above amounts in the bonds of the county, those officers at the time 
being J. W. Robinson, M. H. Wadhams and William T. Fulton. 

June 5, 1851, the Commissioners directed the Sheriff to " keep the door 
of the court room closed, and exclude therefrom all shows and exhibitions for 
gain; provided, however, that agricultural exhibitions and lectures on the arts 
and fcciences are not to be excluded, on proper occasions, for the use of said 
room." December 8, 1852, fui'ther action was taken in the matter, which 
resulted in the promulgation of the following order: "It is hereby ordered 
that the court room be closed against all meetings, excepting political meet- 
ings, wherein three or more townships may be represented, and in all such 
meetings the carpet is to be carefully removed; also, that the rooms in the 
lower story of the coiTrt house, not now occupied by county officers, be imme- 
diately vacated; also, that it is contrary to our views of propriety for officers 
who are entitled to rooms in the court house to rent the same to be used for 
any kind of business, or to receive an inmate, as a joint occupant of their 
room, when such inmate is not a county officer. The County Sheriff to enforce 
these regulations, so far as they relate to the second story of the court house, 
and the County Auditor to enforce them so far as they relate to the lower 
story. " 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 347 

March 9, 1853. the Commissioners ordered that the line between XJnion 
and Madison Counties be surveyed and marked, agreeably with an act of the 
Legislature passed April 9, 1852. June 8, 1853, an order was issued for the 
incorporation of the village of Milford, in accordance with a legislative act 
dated May 3, lb52. August 4, 1866, a petition having been presented at a 
previous term, the Commissioners issued another oj'der for the incorporation of 
the place, under the name of Milford Center. June 2, 1857, it was ordered 
that $100 of the county fund be set aside for the support of a County Teachers' 
Institute, said money to be used in accordance with the provisions of the 
statute for the support of such institutions. June 3, 1863, " allowed Dr. 
Hamilton $5 for dissecting a cat and delivering the stomach and bowels to 
Prof. Wormley. " December 5, 1865, the Auditor was authorized to contract to 
rent a room for the use of the County Treasurer. A safe for that office was 
purchased of Joseph L. Hall & Co., of Cincinnati, March 7, 1866, costing 
$1,200 delivered on the cars at that city. This safe was used until the new 
one was purchased in 1878. 

March 8, 1875, a survey of the line between Union and Champaign 
Counties was ordered, to settle a disj^ute regarding it among property owners 
along the line. The boundary between Union and Logan Counties was finally 
settled March 8, 1877, the Commissioners of the two counties meeting at Belle- 
fontaine, Logan County, in joint session on that day, and receiving the reports 
of the Surveyors who had run the line. It was found that lands supposed to 
be in Union were in Logan, and the former had expended $733.23 in improve- 
ments, which sum was paid back by Logan County. 

Unionville Center, in Darby Township, was incorporated by order of the 
Board of Commissioners on the 5th of May, 1879. At a joint session of the 
Commission<^rs of Union, Marion and Hardin Counties, held at Richwood, 
May 16, 1879, a re-survey of the boundaries between Union and the other 
counties was ordered, to settle dispute over said lines. The surveyors made 
their report June 6, 1879, and it was found that the lines differed materially 
from the supposed boundaries, whereupon the Commissioners of the three 
counties ordered the lines run and permanently established. On the 9th of 
February, 1881, thei*e being considerable uncertainty as to the boundary be- 
tween Union and Delaware Counties, the Commissioners of the two ordered a 
survey thereof, with establishment, and, as elsewhere seen, their orders wfere 
carried out. 

POPULATION. 

The first census of Union County was taken in 1830, and the returns 
showed that 3,192 people were then residents of its territory. In 1840, the 
population had increased to 8,443, distributed among the then existing town- 
ships as follows: 

Allen, 741; Claibourne, 497; Darby, 736; Dover, 459; Jerome, 868; 
Paris, 1,151; York, 439; Jackson, 352; Leesburg, 720; Liberty, 992; Mill 
Creek, 524; Union, 894; Washington, 154. 

Taylor Township was formed later. In 1840, Marysville had 360 in- 
habitants, three small dry goods stores and two churches — Presbyterian and 
Methodist. Milford was then a flourishing village, transacting the heaviest 
business in the county, and had 400 inhabitants, two churches and three 
stores. Essex had a population of 34; Pharisburg, 20; Newton, 44; Rich- 
wood, 99. In 1850, the population of the county had swelled to a total of 
12,204, including 128 colored persons, as follows: 

Allen,- 979; Claibourne, 919; Darby, 881; Dover, 700; Jackson. 436; 
Jerome, 1,249; Leesburg, 701; Liberty, 1,257; Mill Creek, 726; Paris, 1,587; 
Taylor, 400; Union, 1.205; Washington, 333; York, 831. 



348 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Of the villages. Maiysville had a population of 605; Milford, 211; Rich- 
wood, 1(54. There were five persons in the county between the ages of 90 and 
100 years. 

The population in 1860 was 16,275, as shown by the following: 

Allen. 1,043; Claibourne. 1,441; Darbv, 1,260; Dover, 1,066; Jackson, 
719; Jerome, 1,398; Leesburg, 1,232; Mill Creek, 844; Paris, 2,055; Taylor, 
764; Union. 1,098; AVashington, 601; York, 1,323; Liberty, 1,431. 

Marysville then had 827 inhabitants, while the number of colored persons 
in the county was 223. Number of persons aged between 90 and 100 years, 6. 
Other statistics from the same census are as follows: 

Number of churches in county 33 

Value of church property $30,750 

Acres of laud improved 125, 275 

Acres of Uiud unimproved 87,527 

Cash value of farms $4,718,795 

Vahie of farming implements $122,851 

Number of horses 7,080 

Asses and mules 175 

Milch cows 5,934 

Working oxen 688 

Other cattle 9,420 

Number of sheep 30,362 

Number of swine 31,012 

Value of live stock $804,639 

Bushels of wheat raised 61,856 

Bushels of rj-e raised 2,896 

Bushels of corn raised 923,086 

Bushels of oats raised 65, 180 

Pounds of tobacco 905 

Pounds of wool 99,940 

Bushels of peas and beans 717 

Bushels of Irish potatoes 52,521 

Bushels of sweet potatoes ; 303 

Bushels of barley 1,356 

Bushels of biickwheat 31,045 

Value of orchard products $10,617 

Pounds of butter manufactured 484,896 

Pounds of cheese 111,070 

Tons of hay made 14,453 

Bushels of clover seed 466 

Other grass seeds 493 

Hops, pounds of 133 

Flax, pounds of 525 

Flax seed, bushels of 1,385 

Pounds of maple sugar 157,761 

Gallons molasses 13,096 

Beeswax, pounds of 306 

Pounds of honey 18,326 

Value of household manufactures $9,317 

Number of families in county 3,137 

The population of the county in 1870 and 1880 is shown by the following 
table, from the report of the Secretary of State for 1881: 

1870. 1880. 

Allen Township 1,198 1,333 

Claibourne Township (including Richwood) 1,947 2,758 

Kichwood Village 436 1,317 

Darby Township (including Unionville) 1,142 1,171 

Uuionville Village 200 

Dover Township 929 1,006 

Jackson Township 935 1,454 

Jerome Township 1,462 1,503 

Leesburg Township 1,410 1,552 

Liberty Township 1,414 1,398 

Mill Creek Township 798 867 

Paris Township (including Marysville) 2,838 3,718 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 349 

1870. 1880. 

Marvsville Village* 1,441 2,061 

Taylor township 1, 141 1,367 

Union Township (including Milford Center) 1,836 1,535 

Milford Center Village 372 490 

Washington Township 819 1,164 

York Township 1,369 1,549 

MISCELLANEOUS ST.\TISTICS. 

The following table shows the date of organization of each township in 
Union County, together with the number of votes cast at the first election in 
each, and, for the sake of comparison, the vote cast at the fall election in 
1876: 

When First Vote in 

Township. ' Organized. Vote. 1876. 

Allen 1827 13 314 

Claibourne 1834 19 673 

Darby 1820 49 286 

Dover 1839 62 200 

Jackson 1829 21 276 

Jerome 1821 15 345 

Leesburg 1825 10 322 

Liberty 1822 10 346 

Mill Creek 1820 24 102 

Paris 1821 13 820 

Tavlor 1849 281 

Union 1820 91 396 

Washington 1836 14 238 

York 1834 363 

The poll books for he first elections in the townships of Taylor and York 
having beeu lost, it is impossible to give the first votes in those townships, but 
they probably compared favorably with the others. The table is sufficient to 
show the rapid growth of population in the county, and was found in the 
Marysville Tribune for November 7, 1877. 

Beginning with 1821, the following shows the vote of the county for Gov- 
ernor, to the date of the last gubernatorial election in 1881: 

1821 — Ethan A. Brown, 128; Jeremiah Morrow, 35; William Harrison, 1. 

1822— Jeremiah Morrow, 149; Allen Trimble, 107; William W. Irwin, 3. 

1824— Allen Trimble, 179; Jeremiah Morrow, 84. 

1826— Allen Trimble, 126; John Bigger, 131; Alexander Campbell, 15. 

1828— Allen Trimble, 192; John W. Campbell, 146. 

1830— Duncan McArthur, 178; Kobert Lucas, 227. 

1832^ — Darius Lyman, 214; Robert Lucas, 288. 

1834 — Robert Lucas, 246; James Finley, 279. 

1836— Joseph Vance, 622; Eli Baldwin, 311. 

1838 — Joseph Vance, 614; Wilson Shannon, 468. 

1840— Thomas Corwin, 920; Wilson Shannon, 594. 

1842 — Thomas Corwin, 784; Wilson Shannon, 582; Leicester King, 35. 

1844— Mordecai Bartley, 966; David Tod, 704; Leicester King, 34. 

1846— William Bebb, 808; David Tod, 574; Samuel Lewis, 64. 

1848— Seabury Ford, 1,070; John B. Weller, 785. 

1850— William Johnson, 1,033; Reuben Wood, 759; Edward Smith, 84. 

1851 (under new Constitution) — Samuel F. Vinton, 987 ; Reuben Wood, 
772; Samuel Lewis. 107. 

1853— Nelson Barrere, 910; William MediU, 852; Samuel Lewis, 370. 

1855— Salmon P. Chase, 1,222; William Medill, 698; Allen Trimble, 131. 

1857— Salmon P. Chase, 1,209; Henry B. Prvne, 950; P. Van Trump, 
115. 

1859 — William Dennison, 1,241 ; Rufus P. Ranney, 910. 

*The original reiurns for Marysville in 1880 showed a population of about 2,300. 



350 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 



1861— David Tod, 1,779; Hti^-h J. Jewett, 984 

1863— Jolin Brough. 2,380; C. L. Vallandigliam, 1,189. 

1865— Jacob D. Cox, 1,930; George W. Morgan, 1,173. 

1867— Rutherford B. Hayes, 2,128; Allen (1. Thnrman, 1,537. 

1869— R. B. Haves, 2,053; George H. Pendleton, 1,462. 

1871— Edward F. Noyes, 2,040; George W. McCook, 1,324; Gideon T. 
Stewart, 12. 

1873— E. F. Noyes, 1,856; William Allen, l,3o4; Isaac C. Collins, 65; 
Gideon T. Stewart, 155. 

1875— William Allen, 1,952; R. B. Haves, 2,596; Jay Odell, 33. 

1877— William H. West, 2,530; Richard M. Bishop, 1,920; Henry A. 
Thompson, 61; Stephen Johnson, 2. 

1879— Charles Foster, 2,947; Thomas Ewing, 2,144; Gideon T. Stewart, 
152; A. Sanders Piatt, 10. 

1881— Charles Foster, 2,763, John W. Bookwalter 1,827; Abraham R. 
Ludlow, 284. 

In 1880, at the Presidential election, the county cast 3, 315 Republican and 
2,236 Democratic votes. 

The tax duplicates in the office of the County Auditor, at Marysville, ex- 
hibit the following items for each decade, beginning with 1820 and closing with 
1882: 

For 1820: 

Total amount of duplicate $639,204,656^ 

Total amount of defalcations 187.8101 

Net amount of duplicate $639,016,816 

Tax assessed, 14,095.752; defalcation, $3,738,742; tax collected $357.01. 
Five per cent was allowed for collecting. The road tax was $11.17^ in Mill 
Creek Township; 149.65 in Darby, and $95.02|^ in Union, or a total of 
$155.85. In 1821, the tax collected amounted to 1184.712. 

In 1830, the total assessment for all purposes was 15i mills on the dollar, 
and the total tax collected amounted to $2,436,047. On settlement with the 
Treasurer, the amounts of tax deducted were: Union Township, $222,628; 
Darby, $99,775; Jerome, $163,366; Mill Creek, $214,958; Paris, $88,584; 
Liberty, $421,803; Leesbm-g, $160,648; Allen, $156,096; Jackson, $206,911; 
total, $1,734. /69. The following shows the value of houses and lands, and 
the number and value of horses and cattle in the county as shown by the- 
returns for 1830: 



TOWNSHIPS. 



Union 

Darby 

Jerome. . . . 
Mill Creek 

Paris 

Liberty . . . 
Leesburg . 

Allen 

Jackson. . . 



VALUE OF NUMBEE 
HOUSES AND OF 

LANDS. HORSES. 



$65,847 
30,569 
33,829 
32,645 
38,224 
84,003 
26,797 
31,408 
34,748 



233 

133 

105 

101 

68 

43 

33 

49 

24 



^9,320 
5,320 
4,300 
3,240 
2,720 
1,680 
1,320 
1,960 
960 



NUMBER 

OF 
CATTLE. 



908 

279 
315 
148 
132 
103 
115 
70 
63 



$7,264 

2,232 

2,520 

1,184 

976 

816 

930 

560 

504 



In 1840, the total rate of taxation was fifteen mills on the dollar ; prop- 
erty as follows : 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 



351 



TOWNSHIPS. 



Union 

Darby 

Jerome 

Mill Creek.. 

Dover 

Paris 

Liberty .... 
Leesburg. . . . 

Allen 

Jackson. ... 

York 

Claibourne . 
Washington 



LANDS AND 
HOUSES. 



148,998 
31,632 
83,026 
20,839 
20,210 
46,828 
41,345 
33,835 
35,405 
20,457 
24,648 
22,967 
20,015 



TOWN 
PROPERTY. 



f 8,219 



118 

17,119' 

124 



227 
392 
782 
223 



NUMBER 

OF 
HORSES. 



850 

259 

271 

121 

128 

199 

195 

172 

207 

80 

94 

91 

82 



NUMBER 

OF 
CATTLE. 



114,000 

10,860 
10,840 
4,840 
4,760 
7,960 
7,800 
6,880 
8,280 
3,200 
3,760 
3,640 
1,280 



984 
562 
257 
145 
159 
252 
258 
255 
290 
106 
182 
141 
68 



^7,472 
4,496 
2,056 
1,160 
1,272 
2,016 
2,064 
2,040 
2,320 

848 
1,456 
1,128 

544 



For 1850, the records show the following : 






TOWNSHIPS. 


VALUE OF 
LANDS. 


VALUE Tovrs 

PROPERTY. 


VALUE 
CHATTELS. 


TOTAL 
VALUATION. 


TOTAL TAX 
RAISED. 


Union 


$ 218,095 
97,935 

106,623 
59,389 
67,453 

143,822 

110,599 
76,326 

124,288 
56,786 
76,288 
66,879 
40,748 
52,409 


$20,862 

858 

2.239 

697 


$ 84,287 
43,446 
33,449 
17,175 
21,059 
59,841 
31,013 
18,100 
29,240 
14,494 
18,770 
20,305 
6,951 
7,089 


$ 323,244 

142,239 

142,311 

77,261 

88,512 

260,726 

145,120 

95.283 

153,528 

72,002 

95,941 

91,885 

47,699 

59,498 


$ 2,494.907 


Darby 


1,167.293 


Jerome 


1,601.690 


Mill Creek 


720.154 


Dover 


893.222 


Paris 


57,563 

3,508 
857 


2,768.579 


Liberty 


1,917.026 


Leesburg 


1 ,469.889 


Allen 


1,347.679 


Jackson 


722 

933 

4,701 


765.234 


York 


1,622.744 


Claibourne 


1,303.931 


Washington 


855.902 


Taylor 




1,327.231 








Totals 


$1,297,590 


$92,940 


$404,719 


$1,795,249 




Total tax raised in county 


$20,276.73.1 













Note. — Tax on attorneys and physicians, $21.25. 

The following Township Assessors' report shows the acreage of wheat 
and corn in Union County in ] 850, and the number of bushels of each raised : 



TOWNSHIPS. 



Union . . . . , 
Darby .... 
Jerome . . . 
Mill Creek 
Dover .... 

Paris 

Liberty . . . 
Leesburg. . 
Allen 



552 
519 
452 
489 
487 
622 
678 
267 
771 

Jackson 216 

York 282 

Claibourne 273 

Washington 113 

Taylor 115 



ACRES. BUSHELS. 



Totals 5,836 



10,957 

8,538 

8,648 

7,976 

8.271 

10,342 

11,507 

4,800 

15,264 

8,952 

4,489 

4,593 

2,197 

1,668 

103,202 



1,916 

1,545 

1,414 

1,122 

1,480 

1,633 

1,210 

1,145 

1,241 

898 

992 

970 

854 

493 

16,413 



79,090 
55,258 
43,533 
32,388 
48,195 
44,760 
39,535 
30,957 
29,885 
29,4.51 
31,640 
37,225 
8,760 
15,060 

525,732 



352 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 



The following, from an exhibit printed in the Marysville Tribune, June 
10, 1857, shows the number and value of horses, cattle, mules, sheep and hogs, 
by townships, at that time. The average value of horses was $59; of cattle, 
$13.36 ; of mules, $66.35 ; of sheep, $1.65 ; and of hogs, $3.30. 




AGRICULTURAI, AND HORTICULTUKAL PRODUCTS IN MAT, 1881.* 



PRODUCTIONS. 




ACRES SOWN 
FOR HARV- 
EST OP 1881. 



Wheat 31,102 

Rye. 68 

Buckwheat 83 

Bailey 36 

Oats 4,314 

Corn 43,685 

15,902 

1,420 

657 

710 

6 



470,597 

587 

1,008 

866 

92,618 

1,664,943 

15,711 

417 

6,382 

55,466 

141 



87 



Tmiothy 

Clover 

Flax 

Potatoes 

Sweet potatoes 

Tobacco 

Sorghum 

Maple sugar 

Maple syrup 

Bees (hives) 1,003 

Butter 

Cheese 

Eggs 

In orchards 3,486 

Apples 232,215 

Peaches , 6,767 

Pears 1 515 

Cherries I 716 

Plums i 143 

Grapes (raised in 1880) ] 

Wuie (pressed in 1880) 

Wool (shorn) 

Cultivated land in 1880 107,798 ; 

In pastures in 1880 71,925 

Inwoodinl880 48,403 

Lying waste in 1880 1,865 



2,438,000f 
381,930? 



24011 
5.9335; 
87,758' 
10,263j5 
7,652 
499,830 
11,200 
434,68911 



69,030 
841§ 
416,815 



34,740 



* From report of Secretary of State, 1881. 
g Gallons. 



t Hay. X Pounds fiber. 
% Dozens. 



B Pounds produced. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 



353 



STOCK. 


NUMBER. 


VALUE. 






8,291 

144 

16,007 

98,173 

29,936 


$545,690 






9,020 


Cattle 


328,100 




268,386 


TTnp-s 


108,927 







The valuation of lands in Union County in October, 1859, as determined 
by the Board of Equalization, was $3,802,878. The following figures show 
the number of acres, improved and unimproved land, in the several townships 
at that time : 



TOWNSHIPS. 



ACRES 

IMPROVED 

LAND. 



ACRES 
WOODLAND. 



Union 

Darby 

Jerome 

Mill Creek.... 

Dover 

Paris 

Liberty 

Leesburg , 

Allen 

Jackson 

York 

Claibourne. . . . 
Washington. . . 
Taylor 

Totals 



15,081 

10,202 

10,198 

6,888 

6,926 

8,238 

12,225 

6,945 

8,331 

3,763 

6,347 

6,713 

2,630 

5,019 



109,606 



7,128 

8,978 

12,173 

6,949 

7,245 

14,508 

10,379 

12,123 

10,104 

13,549 

16,581 

14,829. 

14,580 

11,841 



160,985 



22,209 
19,180 
22,371 
13,837 
14,171 
22,746 
22,622 
19,068 
18,435 
17,312 
22,928 
21,543 
17,210 
16,860 



270,491 



The duplicate for 1882 makes the following showing 



TOWNSHIPS. 



Union 

Milford Corporation 

Darby 

Unionville Corporation. . . 

Jerome 

Mill Creek 

Dover 

Paris 

Marysville School District. 

Marysville Corporation. . . . 

Liberty 

Leesburg 

Allen 

Jackson 

York 

Claibourne 

Richwood School District. 

Richwood Corporation 

Washington 

Taylor 



Totals. 



ACRES OF 
LAND. 



19, 



095 
416' 



22, 
13, 
14, 
19, 
1, 



718 
807 
203 
649 
973 



022 
677 
037 
776 
523 
560 
571 



,819 
463 



271,309 



VALUE OF 
LANDS. 



I 867,485 



579,724 



574,103 
336,580 
379,280 
641,432 
67,080 



493,748 
444,140 
499,625 
405,450 
443,970 
583,254 
60,928 



313,510 
411,539 

$7,101,748 



VALUE OF 
PROPERTY IN 
CITIES, TO^VNS 
AND VILLAGES. 



82,213 



11.290 

23,820 

1,280 

9,210 



501,014 
9,500 
80,470 
2,220 
3,800 
5,380 



209,154 

"15,475 

$904,826 



354 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 



The following shows the valuation of real and town property, and the 
tax raised, in 1860: 



TOWNSHIPS. 


VALUE REAL 
PROPEETY. 


VALUE TOWN 
PROPERTY. 


TOTAL TAX 
RAISED, 


Union 


$457,813 
363,285 
357,957 
208,612 
204.238 
347,464 
264.692 
253,111 
245,715 
174,610 
258,060 
241,504 
146,973 
194,369 


$18,019 

10,008 
4,942 
2,220 
4,974 
131.488 
7,474 
4,738 


$4,473,818 


Darby 


3,434.295 


Jerome 


3,266.091 


Mill Creelc 


1,950.205 


Dover 


2,238.568 


Paris 


5,861.175 


Liberty 


2,993.826 


Leesburg 


2,655.847 


Allen 


1,990.303 


Jackson 


4,613 

2,268 

18,929 


1,702.621 


York 


3.525. 1S4 


Clfiibourne 


3,973.644 




1,660.784 


Tavlor 




3,374.111 









SCHOOL STATISTICS FOB THE YEAR ENDING AUGUST 31, 1882. 



TOWNSHIPS. 



TOTAL RECEIPTS 

DURING Y-EAR 

FOR ALL 

PURPOSES. 



Union 

Darby 

Jerome 

Mill Creek 

Dover 

Paris 

Liberty 

Leesburg 

Allen 

Jackson 

Y^ork 

Claibonrne 

Washington 

Taylor 

Marysville District. 
Richwood District.. 



Totals $100,390 77 



$ 14, 
4, 
4, 
3, 
4, 
3, 
4, 
3, 
7, 
4, 
5, 
8, 
4, 
4, 
13, 
9 



685 96 
955 70 
263 45 
773 13 
396 65 
996 39 
941 04 
491 75 
671 40 
313 93 
417 64 
303 16 
534 13 
363 30 
163 67 
433 58 



PAID TEACHERS 
DURING YEAR. 



4,375 00 
2.337 56 
3,761 90 
1.843 50 
1,736 47 
3,153 80 
3,696 00 
3,685 00 
2,409 71 
3,313 35 
3,641 68 
1,877 05 
1,801 00 
3,399 17 
6.084 79 
3,766 00 



$42,580 88 



TOTAL 
EXPENDI- 

TURICS. 



$10,047 88 
3,740 95 
3,522 46 
3,190 13 
4,170 79 
2,602 81 
4,514 14 
3,313 97 
3,837 55 
3,398 37 
3,007 40 
3,663 12 
3,174 52 
3,159 58 
12.162 67 
7,662 83 



$74,169 16 



In 1870, the total taxable valuation and the taxes raised on the same 
were as follows : 



TOWNSHIPS. 



Union 

Darby 

Jerome 

Mill Creek .... 

Dover 

Paris 

Liberty 

Leesburg 

Allen 

Jackson 

York 

Claibourne 

Washington...; 

Taylor 

Marysville 

Richwood 

Milford Center . 



Totals $7,065,113 $149.674 98 



TOTAL TAXABLE 
VALUATION. 



TOTAL TAXES 
RAISED. 



$ 780,798 


$ 12,867 73 


617.751 


11,190 13 


600,962 


10.283 94 


336.308 


6.094 54 


341,334 


7.037 25 


471,773 


9,799 36 


490,003 


7,441 31 


395,568 


11,296 23 


508,664 


10,743 57 


281,162 


8,548 63 


370,578 


7,454 24 


512,353 


12,979 13 


232.833 


4,067 95 


406.138 


8,041 47 


495,139 


16,023 90 


139,376 


3,735 47 


86,383 


1,970 14 










^(rm^^^^ 






HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 



557 



TOWNSHII'S. 



Union 

Mil ford Corporation 

Darby 

UnioDville Corporation. . . 

Jerome 

Mill Creek 

Dover 

Paris 

Marysville School District. 

Marysville Corporation. . 

Liberty 

Leesburg 

Allen 

Jackson 

York 

Claibourne 

RicJiwood School District. 

Rich wood Corporation. . . . 

Washington 

Taylor 

Sr)eclal ditch tax 

Gravel road tax 



Totals. 



VALUK OF 
CHATTEL 
PEOFEBTy. 

I 287.088 

44,841 

288, y50 

10,095 

2.^0,681 

14.j,41."j 

\m;m) 
n,mr, 

354.915 
183,661 
187,347 
191,536 
124,435 
172,952 
176,370 

15,686 
14^,760 

94,a56 
152,137 



$3,157,686 



TOTAL 
VALOATIOK. 



1,154,573 
127,054 
868,074 

21,385 
854,604 
483,275 
"•29,026 
807,792 

84,745 
855,929 
686,9f>9 
661,957 
693,381 
533,685 
622,302 
759,624 

76,614 
355,914 
408,366 
579,051 



T<^rrAL TAX 
EXCKIT 
DOO TAX. 



* 20, 



13 



$11,164,260 



14 



676 05 
206 28 
535 47 
521 20 
337 75 
796 42 
5bl 52 
fi59 49 
856 93 
172 24 
646 62 
629 81 
Hii) 64 
136 19 
122 38 
745 55 
127 35 
34^ 64 
642 86 
474 92 
147 86 
913 22 



1307,113 45 



T0WK8HIPS. 

1 


hi 

« M & 

III 

« 3 a 

C ^ £- 


'il 


'1 

^ . 
i !i 22 

cs© 

S * 


VALUK Oli" SCHOOL 
PROPERTY. 


Union 


10 

10 

11 

9 

7 

11 

10 

10 

10 

12 

11 

10 

8 

11 

1 

1 


10 

10 

11 

9 

7 

11 

10 

10 

10 

12 

11 

10 

8 

11 

2 

1 


14 

11 

13 

9 

8 
11 

1 10 
11 

1 11 

10 

8 

11 

11 

8 


$21,300 


Darby 


5,000 


Jerome 


12,000 


Mill Creek 


5,400 


Dover 


4,500 


Paris 


7,000 


Liberty 




Leesburg 


10,0(X) 


Allen 


8,000 


Jackson 


4,000 


York 


6,276.50 


Claibourne 


lO.fXXJ 


Washington 


3,000 


Taylor 


8,800 


Mar3'sville District 


50.000 


Richwood District 








Totals 


142 


143 


169 


$155,276.50 







358 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 



TOWNSHIPS. 


BOYS EN- 
ROLLED 
DURING 
YEAR. 


GIRLS EN- 
ROLLED 
DURING 
YEAR. 


TOTAL AVER- 
AGE MONTH- 
LY- ENROLL- 
MENT. 


TOTAL AV- 
ERAGE 
DAILY AT- 
TENDANCE. 


TOTAL NUM- 
BER PUPILS 
ENROLLED 
BETWEEN 16 
AND 21 
YEARS OF 
AGE. 


Union 


267 
. 132 
218 
163 
157 
205 
231 
273 
200 
205 
261 
197 
194 
265 
293 
205 


280 
135 
203 
135 
136 
174 
214 
270 
190 
185 
211 
207 
146 
260 
337 
191 


310 

213 
299 
227 
236 
247 
306 
334 
365 
330 
318 
329 
251 
395 
510 
304 


250 
253 

279 
193 
193 
196 
237 
289 
365 
268 
255 
353 
200 
415 
493 
267 


53 


Darby '. 


87 


Jerome ; 


75 


Mill Creek 


46 


Dover 


40 


Paris 


38 


Liberty 


34 


Leesburg 




Allen 


85 


Jackson 


50 


York 


56 


Claibourne 


68 


Washington 


43 


Taylor 


115 


Marysville District 


93 


Richwood District 


38 






Totals 


3,466 


3,274 


4,974 


4,325 


921 







The following enumeration, taken between the fii'st Monday in September 
and the first Monday in October, 1882, shows the number of unmarried youth 
in the county between six and twenty-one years of age ; also, the number be- 
tween sixteen and tweuty-one. 





NUMBER BETWEEN 


5 AND 21 


I. 


TOTALS. 


ca -^ ^ 


TOWNSHIPS. 


WHITE BOYS. 


WHITE GIRLS 


a 

O B 
o 


m zn 

ss 


NUMBER 
TWEEN 

And 2 


Union 


230 

186 
239 
172 
185 
218 
261 
296 
209 
252 
248 
217 
206 
257 
386 
214 


212 
186 
230 
147 
152 
204 
200 
287 
199 
232 
189 
230 
172 
191 
385 
224 


14* 


6 


462 
372 
480 
319 
337 
429 
461 
583 
412 
500 
438 
451 
378 
466 
823 
471 


93 


Darby 


87 


Jerome 


8 


3 


116 


Mill Creek 


66 


Dover 






49 


Paris 


4* 


3 


90 


Liberty 


100 


Leesburg 






106 


Allen 


2 

7 

"i"' 


2 
9 

1 
3 


86 


Jackson 


88 


York 


107 


Claibourne 


83 


Washington 


84 


Taylor 


12 
20 
17 


6 
32 
16 


109 


Marysville District 


193 


Richwood District 


106 






Totals 


3,776 


3,440 


85 


81 


7,382 


1,562 





HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 



359 



TOWNSHIPS. 


TEACHERS 
EMPLOYED. 


AVERAGE WAGES 
PAID. 


AVERAGE 

NLMBKR OP 

WEEKS. 




GENTLE- 
MEN. 


LADIES. 


GENTLE- 
MEN. 


m 

m 

S 
< 


SCHOOLS IN 
SESSION. 




9 

8 
9 
6 
6 

7 
7 


13 

8 
19 

9 

7 

10 

11 




$44 
42 
41 
33 
40 
34 
41 
40 
37 
39 
36 
35 
37 
28 
89 
45 


$31 
34 
23 
26 
28 
25 
27 
35 
23 
28 
25 
29 
32 
20 
40 
38* 


25 


D arby 


24 




34 


Mill Creek 


27 


Dover 


28 


Paris 


27 


Liberty 


38 




28 


Allen 


8 
7 

1(5 
7 
9 

11 
4 
1 


13 
9 

7 
9 
5 
13 
9 
7 


35 


Jackson 


24 


Y^ork 


25 


Claibourne 


38 


Wasliington 


37 


Taylor 


25 


Marysville District 

Ilichwood District 


34 
34 







CHAPTER VIII. 



THE COURTS AND CIVIL LIST 

THE earliest judicial government for the territory now constituting Ohio 
was vested in a general court composed of three Judges, provided by 
the ordinance of 1787. The first Judges were Samuel Holden Parsons, James 
Mitchell Varnum and John Cleves Symmes, the latter being appointed in place 
of John Armstrong, who declined to serve. They were to adopt only such por- 
tions of the laws of the original States as were deemed suitable to the con- 
dition and wants of the people, and were not empowered to enact new laws. 
In the autumn of 1787, the Governor and Judges Varnum and Parsons met at 
Marietta, and began the duty of legislating for the Territory, continuing in 
session until December. Contrary to the provisions of the ordinance, they 
enacted a number of laws on different subjects and submitted them to Con- 
gress, as required. That body, however, did not approve them, from their 
manifest illegality under the terms of the ordinance. After the assembling 
of Congress in 1789, under the new Constitution, the appointments made 
under the articles of confederation being deemed to have expired, the follow- 
ing new Judges were appointed for the Northwest Territory: Samuel Holden 
Parsons^ John Cleves Symmes and William Barton. The latter declined to 
serve and George Turner was appointed to till the vacancy. Judge Parsons 
soon afterward died, and in March, 1790, Rufus Putnam was appointed to till 
the vacancy caused by his death. Putnam resigned in 1796, to enable him to 
accept the office of Surveyor General, and Joseph Gilman, of Point Harmar, 
was chosen to fill vacancy. Judge Turner left the territory |[in the spring of 
1796, aiid during his absence resigned his seat on the bench, which was tilled 

* |45 to one lady in high school department, same as the gentleman in that department. 



o60 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

bv the appointment of Kotiiru Jonathan Meigs, in Febrnavv, 1798. The 
Judges then in oommissiou coutiuued to hokl their seats until the adoption of 
a State Constitution. 

Between IT^'O and l(Uo. numerous acts were passed which did not receive 
the sanction of Congress. as they were enacted rather than adopted, and tiually 
in the suumier of 1705. at a legislative session held at Cincinnati, a code of 
laws was adopted from the statutes of the original States, which superseded 
the chief part of those previously enacted, which had remain^xl in force in the 
territory, regardless of their doubtful constitxitionality. This code of laws, as 
adopted, was printed at Cincinnati in 1705. by William Maxwell, and became 
known as the ^laxwell code; that was the lirst job of printing executed in the 
Northwestern Territory. But very little change was made therefrom until 
the tirst session of the General Assembly, held under the second grade of 
government September 10, 1709. 

"The Ordinance and the Compact." says Judge Burnet, "which was the 
constitution of the Territory, contained but little specitic legislation. It pre- 
scribed the rule of descents; tlie mode of transferring real estate, by deed of 
lease and release, and of devising or bequeathing it by will. It regulated the 
right of dower, and authorized the trausfer of personal property by delivery; 
saving always to the French and Canadian inhabitants, and other settlers who 
had before professed themselves citizens of Virginia, their laws and customs 
thtni iu force among them, relative to the descent and conveyance of property. 
In addition to these provisions, the compact ordaiued that no person demean- 
ing himself in a peaceable manner should be molested on account of his mode 
of worship or religious opinions. It also secm*ed to the inhabitants forever the 
benefit of the writ of habeas corpus, of trial by jury, of a proportionate repre- 
sentation of the people in the Legislature, and of judicial proceedings, accord- 
ing to the coui-se of the Common Law." 

The Courts of Common Law in the Territory assumed chancery powers as 
a necessity, as there was no tribunal in said Territory vested with such powers. 
Several necessary laws were passed at tlie tirst session of the Tei'ritorial Legis- 
lature at Cincinnati, but matters regarding courts and their powers were not 
satisfactorily settled until the adoption of the tirst State Constitution in 1802. 
Thi> General Court provided for by the Ordinance of 1787 consisted, as before 
stated, of three Judges. " appointed by the Presiilent, with the advice and eon- 
sent of the Senate; each of whom received a salary of S800 from the treasury 
of the United States. It was the highest juviicial tribunal in the Territory, 
and was vested with original and appellate jurisdiction in all civil and crimi- 
nal cases, and of capital cases; and on cpiestions of divorce aaid alimony its 
jm-isdiction was exclusive. It was, however, a common law court merely, 
without chancery powei's, and it was the court of dernier ressort. It had 
power to revise and reverse the decisions of all other tribunals in the Terri- 
tory; yet its own proceedings could not be reversed or set aside, even by the 
Snpreme Coiirt of the Vuited States. It was held at Cincinnati in Mai'ch, at 
Marietta in October, at Deti'oit and in the Western counties a such time in 
each year as the Judges saw proper to designate. " 

The travels of the Judges and members of the bar in those eai'ly years, 
to and from the places of holding coiuts — Cincinatti, Marietta and Detroit — 
were attended with difficulties of the most serious nature. The distances were 
always great, settlements were scarce and the way was rough. Their jour- 
neys were made on horseback, and it was exceedingly necessary that the horses 
they rode should be good swimmers, for it was in the days before bridges had 
been thought of, and only thi^ best fording places along the nnmerous streams 
were sought out by the tired travelei-s. Judge Bm-net. who knew from ex- 
perience all the trials of the times, wi'ote of them as follows: 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 361 

"The journeys of the court and bar to those remote places, through a 
country in its primitive state, were unavoidably attended with fatigue and 
exposure. They generally traveled with five or six in company, and with a 
pack-horse to transport such necessaries as their own horses could not conven- 
iently carry, because no dependence could, be placed on obtaining supplies on 
the route; although they frequently passed, through Indian camps and vil- 
lages, it was not safe to rely on them for assistance. Occasionally, small 
quantities of corn could be purchased for horse feed, but even that relief was 
precarious, and not to be relied on. In consequence of the unimproved con- 
dition of the country, the routes followed by travelers were necessarily cir- 
cuitous and tiieir progi'ess slow. In passing from one county seat to another 
they were generally from six to eight and sometimes ten days in the wilder- 
ness, and, at all seasons of the year, were compelled to swim every water- 
course in their way which was too deep to be forded; the country being wholly 
destitute of bridges and feiTies, travelers had therefore to rely on their horses 
as the only substitute for those conveniences. That fact made it common, 
when purchasing a horse, to ask if he were a good .swimmer, which was con- 
sidered one of the most valuable qualities of a saddle horse." 

Lynch law was liable to be adopted by the mea of the border settlements, 
and one or two instances of its execution, in the form of public whippings, 
are known to have occurred; but in August, 1788, a law was published in 
Marietta establishing a "General Court of Quarter Sessions of the Peace, and 
County Coux-ts of Common Pleas," and these superseded the lynch code before 
it had been in operation a year. Mr. McMillan was appointed the Presiding 
Judge of those courts in the county of Hamilton. 

The first Constitution of the State of Ohio, adopted November 29, 1802, 
contained, in its third article, the following provisions for the judicial gov- 
ernment of the State: 

Section 1. The judicial power of this State, both as to matters of law 
and equity, shall be vested in a Supreme Com-t, in Courts of Common Pleas 
for each county, in Justices of the Peace, and in such other courts as the 
Legislature may from time to time establish. 

Sec. 2. The Supi*eme Court shall consist of three Judges, any two of 
whom shall be a quorixm. They shall have oi-iginal and appellate jurisdic- 
tion, both in common law and chancery, in such cases as' shall be directed by 
law; Provided, That nothing herein contained shall prevent the General Assem- 
bly from adding another Judge to the Supreme Court after the tenn of 
five years, in which case the Judges may divide the State into two circuits, 
within which any two of the Judges may hold a court. 

Sec 3. The several courts of Common Pleas shall consist of a President 
and Associate Judges. The State shall be divided, by law, into three circuits; 
there shall be appointed in each circuit a President of the courts, who, during 
his continuance in office, shall reside therein. There .shall be appointed in 
each county not more than three nor less than two Associate Judges, who, dui-- 
ing their continuance in office, shall reside therein. The President and Asso- 
ciate Judges, in their respective counties, any three of whom shall be a quo- 
rum, shall compose the Court of Commcn Pleas, which court shall have com- 
mon law and chancery jurisdiction in all such cases as shall be directed by 
law; Provided, That nothing herein contained shall be construed to prevent 
the Legislature from increasing the number of circuits and Presidents, after 
the term of five years. 

Sec. 4. The Judges of the Supreme Com-t and Courts of Common Pleas 
shall have complete criminal jurisdiction, in such cases and in such manner 
as may be pointed out by law. 



362 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Sec. 5. The Court of Common Pleas in each county shall have jurisdic- 
tion of all probate and teetamentary matters, granting administration, the 
appointment of guardians, and such other cases as shall be prescribed by law. 
Sec. 6. The Judges of the Court of Common Pleas shall, within their 
respective counties, have the same powers with the Judges of the Supreme 
Court, to issue writs of certiorari to the Justices of the Peace, and to cause 
their proceedings to be brought before them, and the like right and justice to 
be done. 

Sec. 7. The Judges of the Supreme Court shall, by virtue of their 
offices, be conservators of the peace throughout the State. The Presidents of 
the Court of Common Pleas shall, by virtue of their offices, be conservators of 
the peace in their respective circuits; and the Judges of the Cnm't of Com- 
mon Pleas shall, by virtue of their offices, be conservators of the peace in 
their respective counties. 

Sec. 8. The Judges of the Supreme Court, the Presidents and the Asso- 
ciate Judges of the Coiu-ts of Common Pleas, shall be appointed by a joint 
ballot of both Houses of the General Assembly, and shall hold their offices for 
the term of seven years, if so long they behave well. The Judges of the 
Supreme Court and the Presidents of the Courts of Common Pleas shall, at 
stated times, receive for their services an adequate compensation, to be fixed 
by law, which shall not be diminished during their continance in office; but 
they shall receive no fees or perquisites of office, nor hold any other office of 
profit or trust under the authority of this State, or the United States. 

Sec. 9. Each com-t shall appoint its own clerk, i'^r the term of seven 
years; but no person shall be appointed clerk, except pro tempore, who shall 
not produce to the cooii appointing him a certificate from the majority of the 
Judges of the Supreme Court that they judge him to be well qualified to exe- 
cute the duties of the office of clerk to any court of the same dignity with that 
for which he offers himself. They shall be removable for breach of good be- 
havior, at any time, by the Judges of the respective coiirts. 

Sec. 10. The Supreme Court shall be held once a year in each county, 
and the courts of Common Pleas shall be holden in each county, at such times 
and places as shall be prescribed by law. 

Sec. 11, A competent number of Justices of the Peace shall be elected 
by the qualified electors in each township in the several counties, and shall 
continue in office three years, whose powers and duties shall, from time to 
time, be regulated and defined by law. 

Sec. 12. The style of all processes shall be "The State of Ohio;" all 
prosecutions shall be carried on in the name and by the authority of the State 
of Ohio, and all indictments shall conclude against the peace and dignity of 
the same. 

The new Constitution of Ohio, adopted June 17, 1851, made considerable 
changes in the courts, and Article 4, providing for judicial matters in the 
State, is as follows: 

Section 1. The judicial power of the State shall be vested in a Supreme 
Court, in District Courts, Courts of Common Pleas, Courts of Probate, Jus- 
tices of the Peace, and in such other courts, inferior to the Supreme Court, as 
the General Assembly may from time to time establish. 

Sec. 2. The Su^n-eme Court shall consist of five Judges, a majority of 
whom shall be necessary to form a quorum or pronounce a decision. It shall 
have original jurisdiction in quo warranto, mandamus, habeas corpus and pro- 
cedendo, and such appellate jurisdiction as may be la-ovided by law. It shall 
hold at least one term in each year at the seat of government, and such other 
terms at the seat of government or elsewhere as may be provided by law. The 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 36S 

Judges of tlie Suj)reme Court shall be elected by the electors of the State at 
large. 

Sec. 3. The State shall be divided into nine Common Ir'leas districts, of 
which the county of Hamilton shall constitute one, of compact territory, and 
bounded by county lines; and each of said districts, consisting of three or 
more counties, shall be subdivided into three parts, of compact territory, 
bounded by county lines, and as nearly equal in population as practicable, in 
each of which one Judge of Common Pleas for said district, and residing 
therein, shall be elected by the electors of said subdivision. Courts of Common 
Pleas shall be held by one or more of these Judges, in every county in the dis- 
trict, as often as may be provided by law; and more than one court, or sitting 
thereof, may be held at the same time in each district. 

Sec. 4. The jurisdiction of the Courts of Common Pleas, and of the 
Judges thereof, shall be fixed by law. 

Sec. 5. District Courts shall be composed of the Judges of the Court of 
Common Pleas oE the respective districts, and one of the Judges of the 
Supreme Court, any three of whom shall be a quorum, and shall be held in 
each county therein at least once in each year; but, if it shall be found inexpe- 
dient to hold such court annually in each county of any district, the General 
Assembly may, for such district, provide that said coiu't shall be holden at 
three annual sessions therein, in not less than three places; Provided^ That 
the General Assembly may, by law. authorize the Judges of each district to 
fix the times of holding the courts therein. 

Sec. 6. The District Court shall have like original jurisdiction with 
the Supreme Court, and such appellate jurisdiction as may be provided by 
law. 

Sec. 7. There shall be established in each county a Probate Court, 
which shall be a coiu't of record, open at all times, and holden by one Judge, 
elected by the voters of the county, who shall hold his oPice for the term of 
three years, and shall receive such compensation, payable out of the county 
treasury, or by fees, or both, as shall be provided by law. 

Sec. 8. The Probate Court shall have jiu'isdiction in probate and testa- 
mentary matters, the appointment of administrators and guardians, the settle- 
ment of the accounts of executors, administrators and guardians, and such 
jurisdiction in habeas corpus, the issuing of marriage licenses, and for the 
sale of land by executors, administrators and guardians, and such other juris- 
diction, in any county or counties, as may be provided by law. 

Sec. 9. A competent number of Justices of the Peace shall be elected 
by the electors in each township in the several counties. Their term of 
office shall be three years, and their powers and duties shall be regulated by 
law. 

Sec. 10. All Judges, other than those provided for in the constitution, 
shall be elected by the electors of the judicial district for which they may be 
created, but not for a longer term of office than five years. 

Sec. 11. The Judges of the Supreme Court shall, immediately after the 
first election under this constitution, be classified by lot, so that one shall 
hold for the term of one year, one for two years, one for three years, one for 
four years and one for five years; and, at all subsequent elections, the term of 
each of said Judges shall be fbv five years. 

Sec. 12. The Judges of the Courts of Common Pleas shall, while in office, 
reside in the district for which they are elected; and their term of office shall 
be for five years. 

Sec. 13. In case the office of any Judge shall become vacant, before the 
expiration of the regular term for which he was elected, the vacancy shall be 



364 • HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

filled by appointment by the Governor, until a successor is elected and quali- 
fied; and such successor shall be elected for the unexpired term, at the first 
annual election that occurs more than thirty days after the vacancy shall have 
happened. 

Sec. 14. The Judges of the Supreme Court and of the Court of Com- 
mon Pleas shall, at stated times, receive for their services such compensation 
PS may be provided by law, which shall not be diminished or increased during 
their term of office; but they shall receive no f^es or perquisites, nor hold any 
other office of profit or trust, under the authority of this State or the United 
States. All votes for either of them, for any elective office, except a judicial 
office, under the authority of this State, given by the General Assembly, or the 
people, shall be void. 

Sec. 15. The General Assembly may increase or diminish the number of 
the Judges of the Supreme Court, the number of the districts of the Court of 
Common Pleas, the number of Judges in any district, change the districts or 
the subdivisions thereof, nr establish other courts, whenever two-thirds of the 
members elected to each House shall concur therein; but no change, addition 
or diminution shall vacate the office of any Judge. 

Sec. 16. There shall be elected in each county, by the electors thereof, 
one Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas, who shall hold his office for the term 
of three years, and until his successor shall be elected and qualified. He 
shall, by virtue of his office, be clerk of all other courts of record held there- 
in; but the General Assembly may provide, by law, for the election of a Clerk, 
with a like term of office, for each or any other of the courts of record and 
may authorize the Judge of the Probate Court to perform the duties of Clerk 
for his court, under such regulations as may be directed by law. Clerks of 
courts shall be removable for such cause and in such manner as shall be pre- 
scribed by law. 

Sec. 17- Judges may be removed from office, by concurrent resolution 
of both Houses of the General Assembly, if two-thirds of the members elected 
to each House concur therein; but no such removal shall be made except upon 
complaint, the substance of which shall be entered upon the journal, nor until 
the party charged shall have had notice thereof and an opportunity to be 
heard. 

Sec. 18, The several Judges of the Supreme Court, of the Common 
Pleas, and of such other courts as may be created, shall, respectively, have 
and exercise such power and jurisdiction, at chambers or otherwise, as may be 
directed by law. 

Sec 19. The General Assembly may establish courts of Conciliation, 
and prescribe their powers and duties; but such courts shall not render final 
judgment in any case, except upon submission, by the parties, of the matter in 
dispute, and their agreement to abide such judgment. 

Sec. 20. The style of all process shall be, " The State of Ohio;" all 
prosecutions shall be carried on in the name and by the authority of the State 
of Ohio, and all indictments shall conclude, "against the peace and dignity of 
the State of Ohio." 

The following items concerning the courts in the county of Union are 
compiled from articles written by Judge J. B. Coats, and published in the 
Marysville Tribune in 1870: 

The first court held in Union County was a special term of the Court of 
Common Pleas, convened at Milford, April 14, 1820. It was held by the 
Associate Judges, David Mitchell, William Gabriel and Nicholas Hathaway. 
Thomas Reynolds was appointed Clerk pro tern. , and also Recorder of the 
county. His securities were George Reed, Joel Frankelberger and Joseph S, 





.iJ^^^^^^./^^ 




w^*^/^^t^-«^^-'>^ 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 367 

Hughs. Reynolds took the oath of office and the court adjourned without 
day. Mr. Reynolds kept the minutes of this meeting of the court. Judge 
Coats thinks it probable that this court completed the organizatiou of the 
county, although there is no entry on the record to show that such steps were 
taken. The record does not state who was Sheriff at that time, but doubtless 
James Ewing served in that capacity, as his bond was filed with the County 
Clerk three days later (April 17, 1820). This term of court was held in one 
of the rooms of Nathaniel Kazer's tavern, on the ground latelj- owned by 
James Fullington and occupied by a large brick building. The old structure 
is believed to be still standing. The court room was separated from the bar 
and the people by stretching a rope across the room in which the entire busi- 
ness was transacted. 

The first regular term of the court held in the county convened at Mil- 
ford, May 15, 1820; present, Hon. John A. McDowell, President Judge, and 
David Mitchell, William Gabriel and Nicholas Hathaway, Associates. This 
court was held in the same room and the same manner as the first one. The 
first Grand Jury was composed of the following persons: Clark Proviu, fore- 
man; David Mitchell, Jr., Allen Deeper, James Bell, Dancelot Maze, Samuel 
Robinson, J. Boal, Andrew Gill, John Porter, John Gabriel, Joseph Stewart, 
George Reed, Robert Bx'onston, James Snodgrass, Alexander Reed. The first 
order entered upon the record of this term was the appointment of Abraham 
D. Vanhorn, Prosecuting Attorney. The second was one granting a license to 
David Davis to keep a tavern for one ysar at Milford, upon the pr.yment of 
$10. The next appointed James Townsend, County Surveyor, and the next, 
Thomas Reynolds, Clerk pro tern, of the court. Among other items furnished 
by the record of this term is the following: "Ordered by the court that Rhody 
Stokes be appointed guardian of Hope Stokes, nine yeurs of age; Hiram 
Stokes, seven years; Maria Stokes, five years; John Stokes, two years, heirs of 
John Stokes, deceased, upon entering into bonds with James Ewing, David 
Comer and Alexander Reed, as securities." The Stokes children became well- 
known residents of the county. The last ordei* issued by the coui't at this 
term was the granting of a license to William Burnham to keep a tavern for 
one year at Milford, upon payment of $10. The term lasted but one day. 
It is not known positively whether the Grand Jury found and presented any 
indictments at this term, but it is probable that they did, as the second case 
upon the docket of the second term was a criminal one. 

The second term of court commenced in the court room at Milford, July 
10, 1820; present, the full bench as before. The Grand Jurors were Anson 
Howard, foreman; Thomas McDowell, Allen Deeper, Samuel Kazer, George 
Brown, George Reed, Andrew Gill, James Cochran, Samuel Kirkpatrick, Rob- 
ert Snodgrass, John Porter, David Reed, James Townsend, John McDowell, 
Thomas Reed. George Brown was granted a license to vend goods in Union 
Township, paying $10 for the privilege. The only civil case on the docket at 
this term was that of Isaac Johnson vs. Simeon Hager — the first also on the 
Common Pleas record of Union County — and it ran through several terms and 
was finally settled by arbitration. The first criminal case was one for assault 
and battery — " State of Ohio vs. Stephen Kelsey." The indictment states that 
the jurors, upon oath, present that " Stephen Kelsey, now or late of said 
county, on the 24th day of June, 1820, at Milford, in the county aforesaid, 
with force and arms, to wit: with clubs, sticks and other ofi'ensive weapons, in 
.^nd upon one Philander Crapo, in the peace of the said State then and there 
being, did make an assault, and him, the said P. Crapo, did then and there 
beat, wound and evil treat against the peace of the said State, its laws and 
dignities." The defendant pleaded not guilty, and a jury composed of Will- 



368 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

iam Burnbam, David Bowen, James Biggs, Samuel Reed, B. King, Vandiver 
Reed, Elias Robiuson, Ebenezer Miles, Richard Gabriel, John Parthemore, 
Isaac Dodd and Robert Branson tried the case and found him guilty as in- 
dicted. An attempt to arrest judgment was overruled, and Kelsey was fined 
$10 and costs of prosecution. The second criminal case on the docket tried at 
this term, and the first indictment found and presented by a Grand Jury in 
Union County, was that of the State of Ohio vs. Luke Ellison, for grand lar- 
cenv. Ellison had stolen a bay mare worth $40 and a saddle worth $10, the 
former from Moses Patrick and the latter from John McLaughlin. He was 
tried, convicted and sentenced to the penitentiary for five years. He was a 
native of Lower Canada, twenty-one years of age, unmarried and without a 
trade. 

At this term, Levi Phelps was appointed County Suiweyor for the term 
of five years, and Richard Gabriel, keeper of the seals of standard measures. 
Abraham D. Vanhorn, Prosecuting Attorney, was allowed $45 for his serv- 
ices during this and the last term of court. 

August 17, 1820, a special term of court was held by the Associate Judges — 
Mitchell, Hathaway and Gabriel — at which Margaret Mitchell and James Boal 
were granted letters of administration on the estate of George Mitchell, de- 
ceased. Samuel Robinson, Thomas Robinson and Samuel Mitchell were 
appointed to appraise the property of the deceased, and make return to the 
Clerk's office in three months, according to law. 

May 15, 1821, a special term was held at Milford by the Associate Judges, 
the President Judge being absent. John R. Parish was appointed Prosecut- 
ing Attorney on behalf of the State. A Grand Jury was appointed, who re- 
tired for deliberation. There were no criminal cases on the docket and but 
six civil cases. The jury impaneled for the trials thereof consisted of Will- 
iam B. Irwin (since of Lebanon, Warren Co., Ohio, and now deceased), 
Simeon Hager, John Irwin, William Richey, Jr., John Irwin, Jr., Daniel 
Kent, Jonathan ^^^orthy, Moses Mitchell, Hugh Porter, Augustus Coolidge, 
Nathaniel Kazer, Moses Patrick. The last will and testament of Joshua 
Ewing, deceased, was exhibited in open court by Calvin Winget and Elizabeth 
Gill, two of the subscribing witnesses thereto, and was duly proved and admit- 
ted to record, and letters testamentary issued to James Ewing, Esq., and Mar- 
garet Ewing. The Grand Jury then came into court, presented nothing and 
was discharged. The sum of $15 was allowed John R. Parish for duties as 
Prosecuting Attorney at this term, and it was " ordered that David Comer be 
paid $1.50 per day as Director of the town of Marysville, the seat of justice 
for this county." A special term was held by the Associate Judges June 16, 
1821, at which some minor business was transacted. 

July 10, 1821, the second regular term for that year was held at Milford; 
full bench present. " The only business of any importance before the court 
at this term. " says Judge Coats, " was the trial of the case entitled the State 
of Ohio vs. Seth Chillis, on an indictment for burglary found against the said 
Seth Chillis at this, the July term of court, in which indictment the said Seth 
Chillis is charged with breaking and burglariously entering into the still- 
house of one Jacob Sager, with intent to steal the goods and chattels of said 
Jacob Sager, there situate and being, feloniously to steal, take and carry away 
against the peace and dignity of the State of Ohio, and against the statute in 
such cases made and provided." John R. Parish was Prosecuting Attorney. 
Defendant pleaded not guilty, but a jury of good and true men found him 
guilty, and he was convicted and sentenced to two years' confinement in the 
penitentiary. Chillis was a native of Massachussetts, a resident of Madison 
County, Ohio, and a farmer by occupation. Among orders issued at this term 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 369 

was une granting a license to George Brown to keep a store in Milford one 
year, on payuient of $10. The coiu't, on reconsideration, allowed the Dii-ector 
of the town of Marysville $2 per day as compensation for his services, and 
allowed John R. Parish $20 for his services at this term of court. 

The Associate Judges held a special term in this year and attended to 
some probate business. The last regular term of the Court of Common Pleas for 
1821 was held at Milford, beginning November 13 and lasting two days. The 
Judges present were John A. McDowell, President, William Gabriel and 
David Mitchell, xlssociates. On the second day of this term, Eichard Gabriel 
was appointed County Recorder 2^''*^ tern., having the day before been ap- 
pointed Clerk 2^i'o tern. Certain probate matters were attended to, and a num- 
ber of criminal cases were tried. Court met at Milford on the 18th and 19th 
of April, 1822; present. Associate Judges David Mitchell, William Gabriel 
and James Curiy. James Cooley was appointed Prosecuting Attorney in 
place of J R. Parish, who was absent. The next term was held by the same 
Judges and the same places, July 18, 1822, and this was the last coui't con- 
vened at Milford. 

November 21, 1822, the Court of Common Pleas was held for the tirst 
time at Marysville, the county seat, meeting in a room in the log tavern 
owned by Matthias Collins and situated on Main street, north of the public 
square. This court was opened by the Associate Judges, Gabriel, Mitchell 
and Curry, President Judge McDowell appearing and taking his seat in the 
afternoon. The Grand Jury returned an indictment against Patrick Connor, 
for riot; he was found guilty, and was fined $5 and costs. At this term, 
Matthias Collins was granted a license to keep tavern in the town of Marys- 
ville. Two other cases were disposed of, one for assault and battery and one 
for stealing a hog, and court adjourned. 

The terms of court have since been regularly held at Marysville — first in 
Collins' log tavern, next in the old court house on the south side of East 
Center street, then for forty-five years in the brick court house, but recently 
abandoned, and finally the hall of justice, with all its belongings is found in 
the magnificent new temple which has jnst been erected. The days of bar- 
room courts are over, and the anxious barrister now airs his eloquence where 
frescoed ceilings and rich surroundings appear in the place of smoke dimmed 
walls, wooden benches, rope partitions and the rude paraphernalia of the front- 
ier tavern. The old court house will soon have become a memory of the past, 
but the echoes of by-gone aj)peals to justice and the associations of nearly 
half a century will cling around the spot where legal lights of high and low 
degree won fame or became notorious for their want of knowledge of knotty 
points, and were made to smart by their sharper adversaries when came the 
" tug of war. " 

The first term of the Supreme Court of Union County, under the old Con- 
stitution, was held before Judges Jacob Burnet and Charles Sherman, at 
Marysville, July 22, 182(3. The subsequent terms were held at the times and 
by the Judges as shown in the following: July 26, 1827, Peter Hitchcock, 
Charles Sherman; July 23, 1828, Calvin Pease. Charles R. Sherman; July 25, 
1829, Joshua Collett, Gustavus Swan; September 20, 1830, Joshua Collett, 
John C. Wright; July 25, 1835, Joshua Collett, Reuben Wood; July 8, 1837, 
Reuben P. Wood, Frederick Grimke; June 30, 1838, E. Lane, Peter Hitch- 
cock; June 27, 1840, E. Lane, Reuben Wood; June 24, 1841, same; June 27, 
1842, Ebenezer Lane, N. C. Reed; June 26. 1S43, same; June 24, 1844, 
Reuben Wood, Matthew Birchard; July 19, 1845, N. C. Reed, Peter Hitch- 
cock; June 23, 1846, Matthew Birchard, Peter Hitchcock; July 14, 1847, 
Peter Hitchcock, Edward Avery; July 6, 1848, Matthew Birchard, N. C. Reed; 



370 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

July 2, 1849, Peter Hitchcock, AYilliam B. Caldwell; July 1, 1850, Edward 
Avery, Rufus P. Spalding; June 14, 1851, William B. Caldwell, Rufus P. 
Ranney. This was the last term of the Supreme Court. The new constitu- 
tion provided in its place the District Court, and the first term of the latter, 
for the third Common Pleas District, was held at Marysville, August 20, 

1852, before Judge John A. Corwin, Hall and Benjamin Metcalf. 

Since the Probate Court was established, the following have been 
Judges thereof in the county of Union: 1851-54, Thomas Brown; 1854-57, 

James Turner; 1800-66, James R. Smith; 1869 , John B. Coats, who has 

been four times re-elected and is the present incumbent of the position. 

CONGRESSMEN FROM UNION COUNTY. 

1866 — Cornelius S. Hamilton; deceased during term of office. 
1872 — James W. Robinson; held one term. 

STATE SENATORS FROM THIS DISTRICT. 

1820-21 — Joseph Foos; district composed of the counties of Franklin, 
Delaware, Madison and Union. 

1822 — Henxy Brown. 

1823 — James Kooken; district, Franklin, Madison, Union, Delaware, 
Marion and Crawford Counties. 

1824-27 — Joseph Foos; district, Franklin, Madison and Union Counties. 

1828 — Not given in authorities consulted. 

1829 — William Fielding — Logan, Shelby, Union and Madison Counties. 

1830-31— John Shelby. 

1832-35 — Philip Lewis — Madison, Union, Logan, Hardin and Hancock 
Counties. 

1836-37 — Hezekiah Gorton — Marion, Crawford, Delaware and Union 
Counties. 

1838-39— Benjamin F. Allen. 

1840 — No record in tables consulted. 

1841 — Benjamin F. Stanton; resigned July 25, 1842 — Champaign, 
Logan and Union Counties. 

1842 — Same; elected to fill vacancy caused by resignation. 

1843-44— John Gabriel, Jr. 

1845-46 — Ira A. Bean — Logan, Champaign, Union and Hardin Counties. 

1847-48— Joshua Judy. 

1849-50 — William Lawrence — Logan, Hardin, Union and Madison 
Counties. 

1852— John J. Williams. 

1854 — William Lawrence. 

1856 — Cornelius S. Hamilton. 

1858— Conduce H. Gatch. 

1860— T. B. Fisher. 

1862— John Hood. 

1864— William H. West. 

1866— P. B. Cole. 

1868 — Solomon Kraner. 

1870— John Bartram. 

1872— Isaac S. Gardner. 

1875— M. C. Lawrence. 

1876— William W. Beatty. 

1878— Hylas Sabine. 

1880-82— Luther M. Strong. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 371 

REPRESENTATIVES IN STATE LEGISLATURE. 

James Curry, representative from Madison County in 1819-20, introduced 
the bill for the erection of Union County, which was passed at that session. 
Mr. Curry's home was in the new county. 

1820 — Isaac Miner; district composed of Madison and Union Counties. 

1821— William Lewis. 

1822 — Nicholas Hathaway. 

1823— Eobert Hume. 

1824-26— Philip Lewis. 

1827-28 — Reuben P. Mann; district changed in 1828 to include the 
counties of Union, Madison, Logan and Hardin. 

1829 — Lanson Curtis. 

1830 — John T. Chenowith — Logan, Madison and Union Counties. 

1831-33— Samuel Newell. 

1834-35 — Nicholas Hathaway. 

1836 — Otway Curry, John Carey — Marion, Crawford and Union Coun- 
ties. 

1837— Otway Curry, Stephen Fowler. 

1838 — John Campbell, Stephen Fowler. 

1839— Guy C. Worth, James H Goodman. 

1840 — William C. Lawrence — Champaign, Logan and Union Counties. 

1841— Same — Logan and Union Counties. 

1842— Otway Curry. 

1843— William McBeth. 

1844 — No record found. 

1845-46 — William Richie — Champaign and Union Counties. 

1847— Jesse C. Phillips. 

1848-49 — Josiah S. Copeland^Union and Marion Counties. 

1850— Philander B. C^ole. 

1852 — Same, from Union County alone. 

1854 — Joshud Judy. 

1856- William Gabriel. 

1858-60 — James W. Robinson. 

1862— William H. Robb. 

1864 — Amos J. Sterling; resigned and James W. Robinson elected to fill 
vacancy. 

1866-68 — Maecenas C. Lawrence. 

1870-72— A. James Sterling. 

1874— William H. Conknght. 

1876 — French Garwood. 

1878— William H. Conkright. 

3880-82- A. B. Robinson. 

COUNTY AUDITORS. 

1821-23, Clark Provin; 1823-37, Levi Phelps; 1837-39, Silas G. 
Strong; 1839-41, Stephen McLain; 1841-43. Oliver C. Kennedy; 1843-48, 
John JoliDson; 1848-52, Andrew McNeil; 1852-54, Joseph Newlove; 1854-56, 
John F. Sabine; 1856-58. Hylas Sabine; 1858-60, James A. Henderson; 
1860-66, Joseph Newlove; 1866-75, John Wiley; 1875-83, Will L. Curry. 

COUNTY COMMISSIONERS.* 

1820, Robert Nelson, David Comer, H(mry Sager; 1821, Robert Nelson; 
1822, Matthias Collins; 1823, Henry Sager; 1824, Robert Nelson; 1825, 

* Given as elected in each year. 



372 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

George Reed; 1826-27, James Herd; 1S2S, Elias Robinson; 1829, Henry 
Sager; 1830, James Herd; 1831, William B. Irwin; 1832, David Galland; 
1833, James Herd; 1834, William B. Irwin; 1835, David Galland; 1836, 
James Herd; 1837, William B. Irwiu; 1838, John P. Brookins; 1839, Joshua 
Judy; 1840, William B. Irwin, 1841, John P. Brookins; 1842, Joshua Judy; 
1843, Jesse Gill; 1844, AYilliam Hamilton; 1845, returns missing; 1846, John 
W. Robinson; 1847, William Hamilton, Joshua Marshall; 1848. Joshua Mar- 
shall; 1849, John W. Robinson, 1850, M. H. Wadham, William T. Fulton; 
1851, William T. Fulton; 1852, Nelson Cone; 1853, William Porter; 1854, 
William T. Fiilton; 1855, Nelson Cone; 1856, Jacob Parthemore; 1857. 
Andrew McNeil; 1858, William R. Webb; 1859, Joseph K. Richev; i860, 
Andrew McNeil; 1861, W. H. H. Titus; 1862, William R. Webb; 1863. 
Joseph K Richey; 1864, John Cheney; 1865. Robert D. Reed; 1866, James 
Fulliugton (to nil vacancy caused by death of R. D. Reed), Jehu Gray; 1867, 
E. D. Smith; 1868, James Fullington; 1869, Jehu Grav; 1870, J. K. Richey; 
1871, James Fullington; 1872, Lorenzo Cheney; 1873. R. T. McAllister; 
1874, James Fullington; 1875, Jehu Grav; 1876, James B. Whelpley; 1877, 
John K. Dodge; 1878, James T. Mahaffey; 1879, James B. Whelpley; 1880, 
Nathan Howard; 1881, Uriah Cahi 11; 1882, Luther Liggett. 

COUNTY TREASURERS. 

1821-22. no record; 1823, Richard Gabriel; 1824-25, Alexander Robin- 
sou; 1826-27, James Boal. All the foregoing were appointed to the office; 
those elected have been as follows: 1827-33, Stephen McLain; 1833-45, Alex- 
ander Pollock; 1845-51. Cyprian Lee; 1851-55, Joshua Marshall; 1855-57, 
John Barbour; 1857-61, E. L. Reynolds; 1861, David D. Welsh; died in 
office and A. F. Wilkins aopoiuted to till vacancy; 1863-65, Samuel S. Jew- 
ell; 1865-69, William H. Robb; 1869-71, James R. Russell; died after 
second election and J. B. Whelpley appointed to fill out hir* unexpired term; 
1873-77, Samuel S. Jewell; 1877-79, George W. Court; 1879-83, William 
M. Liggett. 

CLERKS OF COURT. 

1820-21, Thomas Reynolds; Richard Gabriel was appointed Clerk pro 
tevi., November 13. 1821. but did very little duty in the office; his wi'iting 
appears occasionally on the record until 1823; 1821-36, Silas G. Strong; 
1836-43, James H. Gill; 1843-49, John Ca.ssil; resigned in 1849 and James 
Kinkade appointed. The latter served until 1851, when, under the new law, 
the office became elective. 1851-54. James Turner; 1854-69. Taber Randall; 
1869-75, Francis T. Arthur; 1875-81, William M. Winget; 1881-84, John 
Q. Burgner. 

COUNTY SHERIFFS.- 

1820-23. James Ewing; 1823-28, Amos A. Williams: 1828-32, David 
Witter; 1832-36, Calvin Winget; 1836-40, Ransom Clark; 1840-44. William 
W. Steele; 1844-46. William M. Robinson; 1846-50. Philip Snider; 1850- 
54, William C. Malin; 1854-58, William H. Robb; 1858-60, Abraham Wilev; 
1860-62, Philip Snider; 1862-64, Charles M. Robinson; 1864-68, James 
B. Whelpley; 1868-72, Robert Sharp; 1872-76, John C. Price; 1876-80, 
Justus J. Miller; 1880-84, John Hobensack. 

COUNTY CORONERS. 

1820-26, Joseph Kennedv; 1826-28, David Kingery; 1828-33, William 
Parkison; 1833-34, David Kingerv; 1834-36, James Riddle; 1836-39, 
James W. Steele; 1839-41, James L.Ward; 1841-43, Thomas F. Wood; 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 373 

1843-44, William H. Frank; 1844-45, James Riddle; 1846-47, William H. 
Frank; 1848-50, Henry Wolford; 1850-51, Cyprian Lee; 1852-54, B. F. 
Kelsey; 1854-58, Joshua S. Gill; 1858-62, Charles Rathbun; 1866. William 
Cartmell; 1866-67, Jacob S. Newcomb; 1867-68, Robert Sharp; 1868-70, 
Andrew Keyes; 1870-72, Thomas Martin; 1872-74, Adam Wolford; 1874-76, 
I. N. Hamilton; 1876-79, H. McFadden; 1879-80, Hays Speakman; 1880- 
81, Elmer P. Blinn; 1881-83, Henry W. Morey. 

COUNTY ASSESSORS. 

1827-31, John Jolley; 1831-33, Oliver C. Kennedy; 1833-35, Joseph 
K. Richey; 1835-37, J. January; 1837-39, Thomas F. Woods. 

COUNTY RECORDERS. 

1830-33, Robert Andrew; 1833-42, Peyton B. Smith; 1842-45, James 
Turner; 1845, no record of county election; 1848-51, James Turner; 1851- 
54, William M. Robinson; 1854-60, John W. Thompson; 1860-69, James 
Smith; 1869-75, Hiram Roney; 1875-81, George P. Robinson; 1881-84, 
George Jordan. The foregoing were all elected. The following held the 
office by appointment: 1820-21, Thomas Reynolds; 1821-23, Richard Ga- 
briel; 1823-30, Silas G. Strong. Mr. Strong recorded his last deed June 29, 
1830, when Robert Andrew became Recorder j)ro tern. The latter was elected 
to the office in October, 1830. 

PROSECUTING ATTORNEYS. 

1820, Abraham D. Vanhorn; 1821-22, John R. Parish; 1822, James 
Cooly; 1823-25, John R. Parish; 1825-33, Jonathan E. Chaplin; 1833-38, 
William C. Lawrence; 1838-42, P. B. Cole; 1842-44, A. Hall; 1844-46, P. 
B. Cole; 1846-48. Otway Curry; 1848-50, Charles W. B. Allison; resigned 
in 1850 and Otway Curry appointed: 1851-53, James W. Robinson; 1853 
-55, Jackson C. Doiighty; 1855-59, John L. Porter; 1859-65, John B. Coats; 
1865-69, John L. Porter; 1869-73, Leonidas Piper; 1873-75, John L. 
Porter: 1875-77, Delbert AV. Ayers; 1877-81, R. L. Woodburn; 1881-83, 
John W. Brodrick. 

COUNTY SURVEYORS. 

May 15, 1820, James Townsend; July 10, 1820, Levi Phelps was ap- 
pointed for five years, but nothing appears on the record to show that he did 
not serve continuously until 1845; he held the office by election from 1836 to 
1845, and in the latter year there is no record of an election. William B. 
Irwin served from 1848 to 1854; A. F. Wilkins. 1854 to 1860; B. A. Fay, 
1860 to 1866; A. S. Mowry, 1866 to 1875; Frederick J. Sager, 1875 to 1883, 
present incumbent. 

INFIRMARY DIRECTORS. 

1851, John Johnson, David Watkins, Samuel Ballinger; 1852, Levi Long- 
brake; 1853, Aquilla Turner; 1854, John W. Cherry; 1855, Levi Longbrake; 
1856, Aquilla Turner; 1857, Thomas Brown; 1858, Levi Longbrake; 1859, 
Lemuel Myers; 1860, D. G. Cross; 1861, S. F. Kinney; 1862, Samuel Marsh; 
1863, D. G. Cross; 1864, S. F. Kinney; 1865, John F. Sabine; 1866, D. G. 
Cross; 1867, John Guthrie; 1868, John F. Sabine; 1869, D. G. Cross; 1870, 
John Guthrie; 1871, J. F. Sabine: 1872, D. G. Cross; 1873, O. B. Williams; 
1874, George Wilber; 1875, John F. Sabine, E. L. Price, 1876, Levi Long- 
brake; 1877, George P. Cross; 1878, J. F. Sabine; 1879, Levi Longbrake; 
1880, George P. Cross; 1881, John F. Sabine; 1882, Thomas M. Brannon. 



374 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 



CHAPTER IX. 



THE BEXCH AXD BAR OF UXIOX COUXTY. 

THE BENCH. 

"I TNDEK the first constitution of Ohio, a President Judge was elected by 
vJ the Legislature for each Common Pleas District in the State, and in each 
of the counties of his district three Associate Judges were appointed, who were 
residents of the county in which they held the oflGce. Beginning with 1820, the 
year in which Union County was organized, the following were the President 
and Associate Judges to 1851, when the present Constitution was adopted, and 
a change made in the courts, which is elsewhere noted: 

President Judges— 1820, John A. McDowell (died in office in 1823); 1823- 
24. Gustavus Swan; 1824-27, Ebenezer Lane; 1828-29. Gustavus Swan; 
1829-33, Frederick Grimke; 1834-45. Joseph R. Swan (O. Bowen, President 
Judge of Second Judicial District, presided ever several terms of court at 
Marysville, at the request of Judge Swan, who was necessarily absent); 1846- 
51, James L. Torbert 

Associate Judges — 1820-21, David Mitchell, William Gabriel, Nicholas 
Hathaway; 1822-25, David Mitchell, William Gabriel, James Curry; 1825-27, 
David Mitchell, "William Gabriel, Eobert Nelson: 1827-29. James Curry, 
William Gabriel, Robert Nelson; 1829-34, Amos A. Williams, William 
Gabriel, Robert Nelson; 1834-35, John Porter, Amos A. W^illiams, Robert 
Nelson; in 1835, Elizm' Abbott and Stephen McLain occupied the office alter- 
nately, each appearing twice in the place of Mr. Williams; 1836-39, John 
Porter, Kobert Nelson. James Hill; 1839-40, John Cassil, Nicholas Hathaway, 
Robert Nelson: 1840-42, John Cassil. Nicholas Hathawav, Silas G. Strong ; 
1842-46. Christian Myers, Silas G. Strong. James R. Smith; 1846-49, Christ- 
ian Myers, James R. Smith, Levi Phelps; 1849-51, William W. Woods, James 
R. Smith, Levi Phelps. Those last named held a special term of coui't on the 
10th of October, 1851, in the absence of the President Judge (Torbert), which 
was the last term of coiu-t held in the county under the old constitution. 

John Adair McDowell, the first President Judge of the Common Pleas 
District, which included the newly formed county of Union, was the son of 
Samuel and Ann (Irvin) McDowell, and was born near Harrodsbiu'g, Ky., May 
26. 1780. He studied law, and in the war of 1812 served with distinction on 
the sta£f of Gov. Shelby. November 9, 1809, he mauued Lucy Todd Starling, 
youngest daughter of Col. W^illiam Starling, and at the solicitation of his 
brother-in-law. Lucas Sullivant, removed with his wife to Franklinton, 
Franklin Co.. Ohio, late in 1815 or early in ISIG, and there became a promi- 
nent and successful lawyer. In 1819, he was appointed by the court as Pros- 
ecuting Attorney for the County of Franklin. He was a member of the 
Lower Branch of the Legislature in 1818-19. and in 1820 was elected President 
Judge of his judicial district. He is remembered as a man of tine personal 
appearance, was possessed of great natural talent and was popular. He died 
September 20, 1823, leaving two childi-en.* The vacancy on the bench caused 
by his death was filled by the appointment, by Gov. MoiTOW, of Gustavus 

* The daughter of Judge McDowell became the wife of John A. Smith, of Highland County, Ohio, one of tha 
most prominent men in the State. 




byEGWIIhoras &BrHY 




HISTORY OF UNION COUNTy. 377 

Swan, the son of John and Sarah (Mead) Swan, who was born at Peter- 
boro, N. H. , July 15, 1787. He studied law at Concord with Samuel Bell, 
who afterward became Governor, and was admitted to the bar in his native 
State. He located at Marietta, Ohio, in 1810, in which year he was admitted 
to the bar of the latter State. In 1811, he settled at Franklinton, then thosfeat 
of justice for Franklin County, and began the practice of the law. He soon ac- 
quired a high professional reputation, and was employed in all the impoi'tant 
cases of the times. The bar at that time had many distinguished members, but 
Mr. Swan took rank among the foremost. He became thoroughly conversant with 
the land laws, and as there was more litigation at that day over titles to lands in 
the Virginia Militaiy District" than from any other source, he became especially 
noted for the part he took in handling affairs which were submitted to his man- 
agement in that connection. His success was -marked. He was a thorough 
student, a fine speaker, and had great power with a jury. His practice ex- 
tended through the counties of Franklin, Fayette, Madison, Union, Delaware, 
Pickaway and Fairfield. In 1812, and again in 1817, he was elected to the 
Legislature from Frankliu County. He was constantly engaged in the practice 
of his pi'ofession until his appointment to the bench in 1823. In pursuance 
of the resolutions of the General Assembly, passed January 22, 1825, he com- 
piled the land laws for Ohio, including the State laws to 1815-16. He con- 
tinued in active practice until 1843, but at length became engaged in other 
branches of business — banking,* etc. — and remained an industrious citizen 
until his death, which occurred February 6, 1860. He had been a resident of 
Columbus since 1815, in which year he removed across the river from his first 
location in the town of Franklinton. At the period when he was Judge of 
Common Pleas for this district, it required but little time to transact the busi- 
ness which came before him in that capacity in each county, and Union afforded 
an exceedingly small share of the work to be done. Judge Swan was suc- 
ceeded by 

Ebenezer Lane, who appears from the records to have held courts in 
Marysville from 1824 to 1827. His place of residence was at Norwalk, Huron 
Co., Ohio, and it was in the light of conveniem^es for travel then exi.sting in 
this region a long and tiresome journey for him to come to Union County. 
He was a man of ability and high character, and a sound jurist, and was 
greatly respected. His finely and neatly written sigoature on the old court 
records at once strikes the beholder with its peculiarity, and his nature — always 
even and unruffled — seems to stand forth in his sign-manual. Judge Lane 
was elevated to the Supreme Bench of the State, and while occupying a posi- 
tion thereon became noted for the shortness of his opinions. They were given 
in few words, but explained his position admirably. He was in all respects a 
model man, and an honor to his district and State. In 1828 and 1829, Jud^e 
Gustavus Swan's name again appears as Prei ident Judge of the Common Pleas 
Com-t of this district, and from 1829 to 1833, 

Frederick Grimke, of Chillicothe, held that position. Judge Grimke was 
a tall, slim, pleasant- looking man, and had a fine legal education. He was 
distinguished more for his excellent knowledge of the law than for his practi- 
cal application of it, but was possessed of viery good ability in the latter con- 
nection. He was subsequently elevated to the Supreme Bench of the State. 

Joseph R. Swan, son of Jonathan and Sarah (Rockwell) Swan, was born 
at Westernville, Oneida Co., N. Y., December 28, 1802, and came of Scotch- 
Irish ancestr}^ He received an academic education at Aurora, N. Y., where 
he began the study of law, which he completed with his uncle, Gustavus Swan, 
at Columbus, Ohio, where he was admitted to the bar in 1824. He at once 

* Judge AviSiii was for mauy years President of the Slate Bapk of Ohio. 



378 HISTORY OF UNION COUIjTY. 

commenced practice, and soon won an enviable reputation as a learned, honest 
and safe lawyer. From 1830 to 1834, he was Prosecuting Attorney of Frank- 
lin County, and in the latter year was appointed President Judge of Common 
Pleas in the district composed of the counties of Franklin, Madison, Clark, 
Ch-arapaign, Logan, Union and Delawai'e. In 1841, he was re-appointed, but 
resigned the position late in 1845 or early in 1846. By his satisfactory and 
impartial discharge of the duties of his office he obtained the reputation of 
beiug one o'! the best Judges in the State. After his I'esignation, he resumed 
practice in Columbus. In 1854, he was elected Supreme Judge, and his record 
was brilliant in that position. In 1859, he again resumed the practice of his 
profession. His pen was wielded to advantage, p,nd numerous volumes com- 
piled and written by him have filled important places in the legal literature of 
the State. He is still a resident of Columbus, and is the present attorney for 
the Little Miami Railway Company; he is, therefore, enjoying a vigorous old 
age. His duties while Common Pleas Judge were hardh^ to be compared in 
magnitude with those of this district at the present day. It did not require 
his full time to attend to all the business on his circuit, while now it occupies 
the time of one man fully to look after matters in the two counties of Union 
and Logan. Judge Swan was always a popular, highly respected, honorable 
gentleman, and is said to have enjoyed the highest reputation of any man who 
has ever occupied the bench in this district. 

James L. Torbert, the last President Judge of the district of which Union 
County formed a part, was a resident of Springfield, Clark Co., Oliio. He 
located in that place in 1824, and being a young man of fine classical educa- 
tion, employed his time in teaching school, carrying his pupils through the 
common English branches and bringing some of them up into the higher 
branches, both in mathematics and the languages. He taught a number of 
years; was admitted to the bar, became Prosecuting Attorney of his county; 
edited the Springfield Bepiiblic in 1848; was an ardent Whig in politics, and 
was President Judge of this Common Pleas district from 1846 to 1851. His' 
last term of coiu't at Marysville was held September 29, 1851. By the provis- 
ions of the new constitution, the office was abolished, and 'Mr. Torbert was 
subsequently elected Judge of Probate for Clark County. His decisions while 
on the Common Pleas bench were remarked as able and impartial, although he 
is remembei'ed as being somewhat over-particular in his administration of 
aifairs. 

Benjamin F. Metcalf, the first Judge of Common Pleas for this district 
under the new Constitution, lived most of the time during his term of office at 
Lima, Allen County, although his home when elected was at Delphos, on the 
line between Allen and Van Wert. It is thought he was admitted to the bar 
and began practice at Sidney, Shelby Co., Ohio, and he is known to have prac- 
ticed at that point before his election to the bench. Considering his limited 
opportunities, he was a good lawyer; that which he lacked in education for his 
work he made up by his good, strong common sense and shrewdness. He was 
a man of strict integrity, was socially popular, and was reasonably impartial 
in his decisions. His x*eputatiou was somewhat tarnished by his habits, as was 
too often the case among the members of the early bar, while even at the pres- 
ent day the appetite for strong drink has too tenacious a hold upon very 
many men in public positions. Judge MetcalE died at Lirca, soon after the 
war of the rebellion. 

William Lawrence, Judge of Common Pleas from 1856 to 1865, and the 
successor of Judge Metcalf, resided at Ballefontaine, Logan County. He was 
a well read lawyer, possessed remarkable industry and energy, and was a satis- 
factory judge. Morally, he was without stain or blemish. He was always 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 379 

pleasant and affable, and was popular both with the people and the bar. In 
the fall of 1864, he was elected to a seat in Congress, and resigned his posi- 
tion upon the bench to enter upon his new round of dvities. Near the close of 
the term of President Hayes, he was appointed First Comptroller of the 
United States Treasury, which position he now occupies. Upon the resigna- 
tion of his judgeship, the vacancy thereby occuring was tilled by the elec- 
tion of 

Jacob S. Conklin, of Sidney, Ohio, who was possessed of good ability, but 
had not been as long m practice as Judge Lawrence. As a man, he was honest 
and conscientious. His habits are, to some extent, unfavorably commented 
upon. He is now located at Sidney, in the practice of his profession. In the 
fall of 1882, he was a candidate for Congress on the Republican ticket, but 
was defeated by Benjamin LeFevre. His successor as Judge of Common 
Pleas was 

P. B. Cole, of Marysville, Union County. This gentleman was born at 
Columbus, Ohio, in 1815, and in 1820 was taken by his father, with the others 
of the family, to a locality on Mill Creek, in Delaware County, where he con- 
tinued to reside until 1833. In that year he came to Marysville, and in 1834 
entered the office of William C. Lawrence, and began reading law, boarding 
in the family of his preceptor. He was admitted before the court in banc at 
Columbus, December 3, 1836, and began practice immediately afterward at 
ihe town which has since been his home. In 1847, he formed a law partner- 
ship with George D. Witter, which continued until the death of the latter in 
1849. In the same year, he entered into partnership with John B. Coats, the 
relation thus formed continuing until the latter part of 1851.* In 1871, he 
was elected Judge of Common Plnas, serving five years. Since the expiration 
of his term, he has resumed active practice, and is to-day the oldest attorney 
in Union County, and one of the oldest in the State. Admitted when but 
twenty-one years of age, his practice has extended through a period of forty- 
six years, in which many of the brightest lights of the Ohio bar have reached 
their zenith and been triumphant in their pi'ofession, only to be finally 
gathered to that solemn realm where earthly laws are no longer known. He 
is still vigorous, and bids fair to enjoy many years of active life. He is the 
father of three promising attorneys, who honor the profession they have 
chosen. Judge Cole's decisions were reasonably impartial, and in his official 
position he commanded the respect of the bar. His vigorous manner of ruling 
and of delivering decisions at times was a feature of his administration; yet 
he was not rapid in the formation of opinions. He discharged the duties of his 
position faithfully and in a worthy manner, and his record is good. He has 
all his life been a man of strictly temperate habits. 

John L. Porter was born in Delaware County, Ohio, October 10, 1827, 
and has been a resident of Union County since the spring of 1849. In the 
same season, he began reading law in the office of Cole & Witter, at Marysville, 
and finished with Cole & Coats, the last-named gentleman being admitted to 
the firm in that year (1849) in place of Mr. Witter, deceased. Mr, Porter was 
admitted to the bar before the last term of the old Supreme Court, which was 
held at Marysville in June, 1851. Judge Joseph R. Swan was his principal 
examiner, the other members of the committee being Otway Curry, C. W. B. 
Allison, P. B. Cole and probably one other. He began practice at once at 
Marysville, entering into partnership about that time with P. B. Cole, and con- 
tinuing with him for two or three years. He theu, for a short time, practiced 

* In 1850, he was elected to the Legislature, being the last Representative from the district iucluding Union 
County, under ihe old constitution, and was re-elected in 1851 from Union (bounty alone, under the new constitution 
He served also in the State Senate two ye irs, being elected in 1S65. In 1844, he was elected Prosecuting Attorney, 
Berving two years. 



380 HISTOUY OF UNION COUNTY. 

alone, subsequently forming a partnership with J. B. Coats, which was con 
tinned at intervals until August, 1S()'2, when Mr. Porter enlisted in the One 
Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, remaining until the close 
of the war, in June, 1865. In 1855 and 1857, ho had been elected Prosecut- 
ing Attorney for XTnion Covinty, and was chosen to the same position in 18()5, 
1807 and 1873, serving altogether ten years, his last nomination and election 
being almost without his knowledge. In the fall of 1870, he was elected 
Judge of Common Pleas, and served on the bench until February 12, 188'2, 
when he was succeeded by the present incumbent, who defeated him for the 
position after a close canvass. After the close of the war he formed a law part- 
nership with Col. A. James Sterling, and this firm was not dissolved until 
^Ir. Porter's nomination to the Judgeship. Porter & Sterling transacted a very 
large business in the collection of extra bounties for soldiers, probably more 
than all (^ther lawyers and agents in the county. Aside from the positions men- 
tioned as having been held by]\[r. Porter, ho was one year Mayor of Miirysville 
(about 1854), was twice chosen to the Town Council, and was a member for a time 
of the County Board of School Examiners, resigning the latter office when ho 
enlisted. He is at present actively engaged in the practice of his profession, 
in partnership with his son, Edward W. Porter, under the tirm name of Porter 
Sc Porter. Jiidge Porter's record on the bench is excellent. It is said of him 
that he was rigidly impartial, and made his decisions " according to the law 
and the evidence, without fear or favor," being very careful to seek the aid of 
only th" best legal authorities. 

Judge John A. Price, elected to this position in the fall of 1881, and the 
present Judge of the third sub-division of the Tenth Judicial District, which 
includes Union and Logan Counties, was born in Callaway County, Mo., No- 
vember 9, 1840. His father died two years later, and his mother removed with 
her fjmiily to Logan County, Ohio, where the son has since continued to reside. 
He received a common school education, read law with Stanton & Allison, at 
Bellefontaine, and was admitted to the bar in 1802. At the beginning of the 
rebellion, in 1801. ho enlisted in the first company which was raised in Logan 
County, but was taken sick at Camp Jackson and discharged. January 1, 
1804, he was commissioned Fii'st Lieutenant in the Fifth United States Col- 
ored Troops, and served in the campaigns of that year around Petersburg, Va. 
He resigned in November, 1804, on account of ill health. While he was in 
the service he was elected Prosecuting Attorney of his county, and re-elected in 
1800 and 1808. He resigned, in 1809, to accept a seat in the Ohio Legislature, 
to which he had been elected on the Republican ticket. 

The gentlemen who have sat upon the bench in Marysville have been 
mostly men of marked ability, and tlio district has boon fortunate in cht)osing 
them. Some of them might have improved somewhat upon certain of their 
habits, but it is the history of things that all is not perfection. The business 
which threescore years ago was transacted by the judges in a single day has 
grovvn to proportions that would astonish those who then wore the official robes 
could they awake and look in upon a coiu't of to-day. Very much more knotty 
points in law are presented, and a multiplicity of cjuestions come before the 
legal tribunal in the place of the old land litigations which occupied the 
greater pai't of the attention of the early courts. The bench and bar of Ohio 
have numbered among their members some of the most brilliant and able law- 
yers of the nation, and it is a avoII known fact that some of them tried cases in 
the Union Coiinty courts. 

THE B.VK. 

Among those who have practiced at the bar in Union County, are many 
who never resided within its limits, and of whom but little can be here said. In- 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTV. 381 

eluded among thorn were Gustavus Swan, afterward Prewidont Jud;;je of the 
district, Abraham D. Van Horn, John R. Parish, Moses 13. Corwin, Daniel S. 
Bell, James Cooly,* Orris Parish and Jonathan E. Chaplin; these all before 
there was a settled lawyer in the county of Union. Of these, all but Swan, 
Corwin, Bell and Orris Parish, were appointed at different times Prosecuting 
Attorney for this county, Vanhorn V^eing the first, in 1820. He lived at Lon- 
don, Madison County, the Messrs. Parish at Columbus, and Cooly, Tiell, 
Corwin and Chaplin at Urbana, Champaign County. Mr. Cooly was one of the 
earliest lawyers to locate at Urbana, and in July, 1820, was appointed to the 
Court of Peru, South America, Charge d' Affaires, of th(5 United States. It is 
Haid he was sent down there to " get him out of the way of Joseph Vance," 
who had political aspirations which he feared Cooly might defeat if allowed 
to remain at home. Mr. Cooly died at Lima, Peru, after a violent bilious 
attack, on Sunday, April 24, 1828, and his memory is greatly revered at his 
old home. Benjamin Stanton, a well known and i)romin(;nt lawyer of Logan 
County, practiced considerably in Union County. 

The first hiwyer who came to Union County, with a view of settling, was 
a man named Barlow, who arrived in Marysville aljout 1828-30, and boarded 
for a short time with Silas Gr. Strong. He soon departed for other fields, and 
this is all that can be learned of him. It will be the endeavor, in this chap- 
ter, to give the various attorneys, as nearly as possible, in the order of their 
admission to the bar; but as in numerous instances dates can only be approxi- 
mately given, slight mistakes may occur. In all cases where these dates are 
not definitely known, reliance is had upon the memory of the oldest legal gen- 
tlemen in the county — Judges Cole and Coats, Hon. James W. Robinson and 
Judge Porter. 

The first lawyer who located permanently in Union County, and one who 
Vxicame one of its most prominent citizens, was William C. Lawrence, who was 
.born in Beaver, Beaver Co., Perm., March 2, 1804. He was one of seven 
children, and when he was quite young his fatht^r, John Lawrence, moved from 
Pennsylvania to Ohio, locating on the State road midway between Marysville 
and Delaware, in what is now Delaware County. William C. Lawrence lived 
on his father's farm and attended the country schools of his neighborhood. At 
the age of seventeen or eighteen years, ho entered Washington College, in 
Pennsylvania, where he received a thorough course, during his last year re- 
viewing and studying the Greek language. By a judicious disposition of his 
time while in coliegp, he was enabled to accomplish much more than many of 
his classmates, and emerge from the school in excellent health and with vigor 
unimpaired. After being graduated he returned to his home in Ohio, and 
shortly after, having a desire to see and Vjecome acquainted with the South, he 
set out for that country. He taught a Latin school one year in Alal:)ama, and 
a mixed school one year in Tennessee, and then pushed on to New Orleans. 
He remained in the South about four years, and read law while teaching. 
After his return home, he continued in the pursuit of legal knowledge, and was 
admitted to practice at Medina. Medina Co., Ohio, about the autumn of 1831. 
He had, in April, 1831, entered into a matrimonial alliance with Rosanna 
Piper, of Delaware County. Her father, Robert Piper, had made a location in 
Union County, but died while on the way there with his good.s, after settling 
his family upon his purchase. In June, 1831, Mr. Lawrence removed with 
his bride to Marysville, which was then a very small and insignificant village, 
notwithstanding it was the seat of government for Union County. Rooms 
were rented for a time in the hotel which is now known as the American House, 
and which was then but two years of age. Not long after, Mr. Lawrence pur- 

• ThU name i» apellea elsewhere Cooley. 



382 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

chased an acre of grouDd in the eastern part of town, upon which was a small, 
unfinished house. This was fitted up by its new owner, and occupied two or 
three years. The family next moved upon the property at the northwest cor- 
ner of Main and South streets, now occupied by the family of D. G. Cross. 

Mr. Lawrence was possessed of a remarkable memory, and to such an 
extent did he rely upon it that he never troubled himst^lf about keeping a set 
of books. All his accounts were " in his head," and as it was never his cus- 
tom to look after them very closely, the result was that his death destroyed the 
record, and the family lost probably many thousand dollars, of which the 
greater part could have been collected, if he had taken tht> pains to make 
minutes of his dues. He realized the importance of such a step during the 
last days of his life, but it was then too late. He had an extensive practice 
during his entire residence in Marysville, and was known as a sharp and 
brilliant lawyer. No point in a case that would give him the slightest advan- 
tage was ever overlooked, and he often brought discomfiture upon his oppo- 
nents in a manner even ludicrous. His practice extended over the counties of 
Union, Hardin. Logan. Franklin, Delaware, Marion and Champaign. From 
1833 to 1838, he was Prosecuting Attorney for Union County, and some of the 
indictments drawn up by him indicate the witty characteristics of the man. 
Strange as it may seem, many of the offenders who were brought to trial in 
those days were charged with stealing hogs, said animals being hardly con- 
sidered domestic, from the fact that they were allowed to I'un at large the 
country over, and it was a dif&cxilt matter for a man to distinguish his own 
pork, except when he had it safely in a barrel. When a hog was wanted, it 
was customary to go out and shoot it; and doubtless numerous persons had not 
the requisite fear of thd law to prevent them from occasionally shooting the 
wrong hog. A certain citizen, name now forgotten, had been arrested for 
stealing a hog, and Mr. Lawrence was employed to defend him. Now, the 
lawyer was fully convinced that the man was guilty, but, as in duty bound, 
proposed to do all in his power for him — and. possibly, he may have been 
out of pork himself. In conversation with the culprit, he said to him, " Now, 
I haven't a doubt but you stole that hog — your countenance shows it; bat you 
just divide it exactly in halves, and when it is dark bring one part to my 
house — don't let anybod}'^ see you^ — and I will see that you are cleared." The 
man promised, and faithfully remembered his word, and that night the worthy 
lawyer's larder was replenished by the half of a fine porker. When the trial 
came on, which was probably before a Justice of the Peace, Lawrence re- 
quested the privilege of testifying, saying he knew something about that hog. 
Upon being sworn, he remarked, " That man hasn't any more of that hog than 
I have!" It would have been a preposterous idea to accuse Mr. Lawrence of 
stealing, and taking him at his word the man was discharged, evidently to 
enjoy both the joke and the lueat. And thus was one of the many "hog cases" 
settled. 

Mr. LaWi'ence finally concluded that Marysville was not })ossessed of 
sufiicient enterprise to induce him to remain in it, and he accordingly pur- 
chased considerable unimproved pi-operty at Kenton, Hardin County, rented a 
place to live in, and made arrangements to remove to that town, but immedi- 
ately upon his return to Marysville ho was stricken with typhoid f evex*, and died 
at his home in the latter place on the 21st of September, 1846, aged forty- 
two years and six months. He left a widow and three children (sons); the 
former is yet living at Marysville. The youngest child, an infant but five 
months of age when its father died, lived but a year after that event, its 
decease occuring in September, 1847. The oldest son. Col. Mseceniis C. Law- 
rence, after winning an honorable record as a soldier and civilian, died in 



HISTOIIY OF UNION COUNTY. 383 

December, 1881; the only survivor is Joseph W. Lawrence, now a guard at 
the Ohio Penitentiary. This sketch of Mr. Lawrence has been drawn to 
consid<^rable length, on account of his being the first lawyer to settle in the 
county. He is well remembered by the older citizens. 

Augustus Hall, from Mount Vernon, Kno™ Co., Ohio, was the second law- 
yer to take up his abode in Marysville, coming in the spring of 1886. He 
stayed here several years, was elected Prosecuting Attorney, and finally went 
to Iowa, in which State he was elected to Congress. He is now deceased. 

P. B. Cole, a sketch of whom appears amojig the Common Pleas Judges, 
was next, and 

John F. Kinney, who located in the place in the fall of 1836, was admit- 
ted at Columbu.s the following year and began practice here. He removed to 
West Point, Lee Co., Iowa, was twice elected to the Supreme Bench of that 
State, and subsequently became a resident of Utah, of which he was one of 
the Chief Justices, and fi'om which Territory he was elected as a Delegate to 
. Congress. His home is now at Plattsmouth, Neb., and he formerly had large 
interests at Lincoln, the capital of that State. Succeeding him came 

Otway Curry, who was admitted in 1840. probably at Columbus, and who 
was one of the finest lawyers and most brilliant writers the young West pro- 
duced. An extended sketch of him will be found elsewhere. He was for a 
long time in partnership with C. W. B. Allison. 

James E. Wilson found his way to Marysville about 1842, but practiced 
little while he remained here. He was connected with the local newspaper 
for a time, and was Deputy Clerk of the Court. He finally became a Metho- 
dist Protestant minister, and removed from the place. 

Charles W. B. Allison, recollected as a fine young man and a good law- 
yer, settled in Marysville at about the same time with V/ilson, and was for a 
long time the law partner of Otway Curry. He enjoyed a large practice; lefh 
Marysville about 1850; lived subsequently at Beilefontaine, Ohio, and Mar- 
tinsburg, Va., and died about 1880, at Wheeling, W. Va. 

Jackson C. Doughty, who arrived in Marysville in 1844, remained until 
about 1859, when he removed to Missouri. During the war he was driven out 
of that State by the rebels, retiirned to Urbana, Ohio, and practiced with 
John A. Corwin. He enlisted in the Union army as a private soldier. He is 
believed to be now living near Mendota, 111. 

Somewhere between 1840 and 1850, Edward Stillings and Hiram Culver 
read law in Marysville; the former with W. Lawrence and J^.B. Cole, and the 
latter with Mx-. Cole. Both were admitted to the bar. Culver went to Oregon 
subsequently, and died there, and Stillings is now a resideat of Leavenworth, 
Kan. Both were very capable lawyers. Stillings was admitted in 1846, and 
Culver about 184d. 

George D. Witter read law with P. B. Cole, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1847. In the same year he formed a partnership with his preceptor, which 
continued until the death of Mr. Witter in 1849. He was a bright, capable 
lawyer, and was only twenty-six years of age at the date of his decease. 

Kansom C. Clark, who was admitted and began practice in Marysville in 
1849, left the place about 1860-67, and removed to Hardin County, Iowa. 
He was a native of Union County, and was at one time Prosecuting Attorney. 
The last known of him, he was living in Fayette County, Mo. 

John B. Coats is a native of Windham County, Vt. In September, 1842, 
he made his way westward to Greene County, Ohio, making Xenia his first 
stopping place. He taught school in that county from 1842 to 1848, and dur- 
ing that period read law at Xenia in the office of John H. Watson, who sub- 
sequently removed to Kansas and was elevated to the bench. Watson was a 



884 HISTORY OF IN ION 001' NTY. 

nophow of Saimiel D. Inii'hain. who wiu-^ for sovornl voiu's a luombor of tho 
cuhinet of Prosidont Jackson. Mr. Ooats was adinittod to tho bar at \«Miia, 
June 17, 1847, boforo Juili:jos Hitehoook and Avory, of tho oKi SnprtMno Oouri. 
In 1848 ho rotiirnod to A'orniout booanso of inipairod health, and romainod 
thoiv nutil Deoembor, 1840. whon ho Uvatod at AlarysYlHo, Pnion Co., Ohio. 
Ho fovniod a partnwship with P. B. Colo, and bo^-au pvaotioo at this plat'o, 
Avhich has sini'o boon his hoau\ Tho th*n^ of Ooh> and Coats oxistod nntil tho 
hittor part of 1851. and in 18o4 ^Fr. Ooats ontorod into partnership with Jolm 
L. Portor, continuinjj^ two voaivs. A soeond partnership w;vs formed between 
these two gentlemen in I8t.>0. whieh was dissolved in 18()lJ, when Mi*. Porter 
entered tl\e army. Mr. Coats held the otHee of Justice of the Peace for several 
ye;u"s. and in 1851) was elected l^-osecutiiii;; Attorney, which position he tilled 
for six yeai^s. He was at ditVerent times connectixi with the press of Alai-ys 
ville, as elsewhere appeai-s. and in 1801) was elected Judge of i'lvbate for 
I'nion County, in whiuh capacity he has served ihe public to the presei\t time. 
The active practice of Judge Coats has been somewhat limited, and for thir- 
teen years, or dming the time he has occupied his present jiosition. he has, 
as rwjuired by law, taken no part in legal matters otlier than those incumbent 
upon him as Probate officer. He has held the office longer than any of his 
predecessoi's, and the walls of ihe room he has occupied so long in the old 
court house will miss his familiar presence when he shall have vacated his pres- 
ent quartere and " moved up into the new." where a much pleasanter place 
has been set apart to the uses of the office. 

Hon. James A\'. Hobinson is a native of Pnion County, Ohio. He read 
law with Otway Curry, was graduated at the Cincinnati Law School in the 
spring of 1851, and admitted to the bar by the District Court at London, 
Madison County, in April of that year. He formed an immediate partnership 
with his preceptor, Mr. Ciu'ry, which relation continued, with the exception 
of about one year, \n\ii\ the deathof the latter in 1855. Engaging in practice 
alone for a few years, he at kn\gth adiuittovl his brother. Col. A. B. Uobinson, 
as a partner, the tirm taking the name of Eobinson ».*t Kobinson, In 1800. 
Leopidas Piper was admitted as a third partner, and the law tirm of Robin- 
sons »lv: Piper ^till exists, it for several yeai-s enjoyed a very large business. 
but of late years this has not pushed so extensively, although it has always 
been good. J. AV. Kobinson was elected Prosecuting Attorney in 1851. hold- 
ing the position two yeai's. In 1858, he was chosen to represent Pnion County 
in the lower branch of the Legislature, and was re-elected in 1800. In 1804, 
Tipon the resignation of A. J. Sterling, lie was elected to till the vacancy thus 
occiu'ring. In 1872. he was elected to Congress, serving two years. He was 
a candidate for re-election in 1874. but as it was an unfortunate year for the 
Eepublicans of Chio, he was defeated by the Democratic nominee. Early F. 
Poppleton. Since his services in Congress, 3Ir. Robinson's health has been 
considerably impaired, and it is owing largely to this reason that he has not 
been as persistent as formerly in the solicitation of business. He is a gentle- 
man whom to know is to respect, and has acquired a line property in his prac- 
tice and varioiis other pm-suits. 

John L. Porter was the next attorney to begin practice at Marysville, Inifc 
of him a sketch has already been given in connection with the bench. Horace 
Ballon was here at about the same time, and read with Cole & Coats. He re- 
moved to Logan County, 111., where he liually died. 

S. Morton Tucker, a native of Vermont, came to Union County, Ohio, 
when small, with his parents, who settled in Union Township. He read law 
with Cole I't Coats, commencing about the summer of 1850. and was admitted 
to the bar in 1852. In the fall of the latter vear he removed to Lewis. Cass 




<y/^..rjf,%^<^^ 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 387 

Co., Iowa. Afterward lived at Atchison, Kan., from which place he enlisted 
in the army, although having some years before lost his left hand by the pre- 
mature discharge of a cannon at a Fourth of July celebration at Bridgeport, 
Union County, a man named Simpson being badly maimed at the same time 
Mr. Tucker served as a Lieutenant during the war, and afterward located at 
Fort Scott, Kan., where he is now engaged in the practice of his profession. 
I. B. Allen located in Marysville in the fall of 1852, and removed about 
1855 to Wilmington, (Jlinton County, near which place he now resides. It is 
said of him that he was particularly susceptible to all sorts of practical jokes, 
and the fact was not slow in finding its way into the minds of his co-laoorers 
in the legal Held. An occasion in particular is remembered, when certain of 
his fellow-practitioners " put him through" a so-called initiation, which so 
excited the sense of the ludicrous in the mind of Otway Curry, that the last- 
named gentleman was nearly to the point of explosion with an exuberance 
of mirth. The lawyers " of those days" found time to conjure up the most 
soul-harrowing and side-splitting "initiations " which it was ever the lot of 
mortal man to undergo; and among the most prominent and respected mem- 
bers of the bar to-day are found many who were members in good standing of 
the ancient and honorable orders of thirty or more years ago, whose " spells " 
wrought terror in the breast of the novice, and afforded the most hilarious 
amusement to those who were in the secret and were witnesses to the vari- 
ous performances. 

" Dem good ole days am pa.st an' gone," 

but the memory of them clings tenaciously to the gray-)ieaded and mature men 
of the present, whose earlier years teemed with experiences which could 
scarcely be recorded in the pages of history. These men appreciated fully 
the sublime, and enjoyed heartily the ridiculous, and it is scarcely an untruth 
to say that, with all the weight of years and dignity upon them, they can yet 
indulge in a series of chuckles at the recollection of bygone pleasures. 

John D. Vandeman, who was admitted before the Union District Court, 
August 8, 1853, never resided in Union County. He was graduated from the 
Ohio Wesleyan University about 1850; is a resident of Delaware, Ohio, and 
a member of the law firm of Carper & Vandeman. He has practiced in the 
courts at Marysville at different occasions. 

H J. King, a native of Schuylkill County, Penn., came to Ohio when a 
child, in 1824, with his parents, the family locating in Pike Township, Madi- 
son County. Mr. King began reading law with Samuel Kerr, at London, in 
1842, and became a citizen of Union County in 1853. He practiced many 
years before the lower courts {nisi j^^'ius) before his admission to the bar, 
which did not occur until 1869, before the Supreme Court at Columbus. He 
was for three years a member of the fii-m of Kandall, Cameron & King, and 
afterward was a partner with Andrew Stevenson until 1878, since when he has 
practiced mostly alone. 

Aaron Irwin Gould settled in Marysville probably early in 1854, and prac- 
ticed about a year in company with Jackson C. Doughty. He removed finally 
to Iowa, and is believed to have engaged in the newspaper business. He had 
a most ungovernable temper, and was consequently the butt of many good- 
natured jokes. It is not recollected that in his frenzy he ever swallowed any 
of his victims, yet he often threatened punishment even more dire. Because 
of his physical appearance, some one in the town had dubbed him Shanghai, 
and when Gould heard of it, his rage was terrific. He was in a fever to dis- 
cover the man who had thus insulted his dignity, and avowed his ability to 
whip him, whoever he might be. Messrs. Coats and Porter, to whom he ap- 



388 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

plied for information, could only surmise the name of the offender, and Gould 
was about to depart dissatisfied, when Mr. Porter told Mr. Coats to call him 
back and he would tell him who had thus transcended the bounds of decorum. 
Gould came in again hastily, and Mr. Porter, with all the gravity of which he 
was possessed, remarked that " Dave Welch was the man." " Oh, hell!" said 

Gould, "I can't lick him; but PI 1 cut his d d heart out!" and away he 

hastened with foul intent. Mr. Coats undertook to get ahead of bim and warn 
Welch, but was too late. It is probable that no man was ever more soundly 
scored by tongue of lawyer than was poor Welch, who didn't know what it all 
meant. He was one of the most powerful citizens of the town, physically, 
and Gould dared not lay hands on him, and Welch, in relating the experience 
afterward, said he had not the first idea what Gould was making such a fuss 
about. Had he been a smaller man, it is possible the information given by 
JVIi". Porter might have caused greater trouble; but it is also probable that had 
he been smaller the latter wou^ld not have made the statement to Gould. It 
afforded the two legal gentlemen a fine opportunity for a laugh, and they, no 
doubt, heartily enjoyed it. 

C. S. Hamilton, of whom an extended notice will be found in Chapter 
XIV, of this volume, was admitted to the bar at Cincinnati, in the spring of 
1854. 

George Lincoln, from the State of Connecticut, settled in Marysville in 
the spring of 1854, engaging in the practice of law, and in the fall of the 
same year formed a partnei'ship with C. S. Hamilton. He finally removed 
from the place, and is now a resident of London, Madison County, and Judge 
of the Common Pleas Court of that district. 

Col. Maecenas C Lawrence, eldest son of William C. Lawrence, was 
born at Marysville, Ohio, early in 1832. He read law with Judge P. 
B. Cole, and was admitted at Marysville by the district court, August 20, 
1856. Inheriting the wonderful memory of his father, he became remark- 
ably well posted in the law, and was, besides, possessed of clear perception 
and sound judgment — the requisites for a successful lawj-er. The oldest 
members of the bar more than once consulted him upon knotty points of the 
law, and his opinion was always respected, because it was based upon 
absolute knowledge. He made an excellent military record as an officer 
in the Thirteenth and One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer In- 
fantry, in which latter he rose to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. In 
1865 and 1867, he was chosen from Union Coimty to the Ohio House of 
Kepresentatives, and in 1873 to the Senate. He died at his home in Marys- 
ville on the 5th of December, 1881, aged nearly fifty years. The funeral 
exercises, which were beautiful, solemn and impressive, were conducted by 
Ransom Reed Post, G. A. R. , of Marysville, whose members turned out in 
force to pay the last tribute of respect to a departed comrade. The members 
of the bar, also, attended his funeral in a body. 

Col. Aaron B. Robinson, a member of the law firm of Robinsons & Piper, 
studied law with his brothei', Hon. James W. Robinson, at Marysville, and 
afterward attended a course of lectures at the Cincinnati Law School. He 
was admitted to the bar at that city in the spring of 1859, having been a 
classmate of Gen. E. F. Noyes, who has since won honor and fame in the 
course of a long public career, civil and military. Col. Robinson gained his 
title in the service of his country during the rebellion, as a member of the 
One Hundi'ed and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in which he was suc- 
cessively Captain, Major, Lieutenant Colonel and Colonel, having been com- 
missioned Captain, September 12, 1862, to date from the 16th of August, and 
Colonel May 18, 1865. He was the junior member of the old law fii*m 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 389 

of Robinson & Robinson, before Mr. Piper became a member and the 
name was changed. He does not engage actively in practice, bnt attends to 
the mercantile branch of his business, having charge of the well-known 
" Factory Store " at Marysville. In 1879, Col. Robinson was elected to the 
lower house of the Ohio Legislature, and again in 1881, being the present 
member from Union County. 

William M. Randall arrived in Marysville in August, 1863, and took 
charge 'of the Democratic paper at that time published in the i^lace (see chap- 
ter on the Press). A man named Cummings practiced with him for a time, 
but did not remain long. Randall had subsequently a partner named Clark, 
and formed also other law partnerships during his residence here. He (Ran- 
dall) finally removed from the town, and is now engaged in the practice of his 
profession at Defiance, Ohio. 

Hon. Hylas Sabine, although not regularly a practitioner in this county, still 
deserves mention in this connection, as he was a graduate fi'om the law depart- 
ment of Harvard University in 1863, and can properly be classed among the 
attorneys who have been residents of the county, of which he has been a life- 
long citizen. As a journalist, real estate dealer and enterprising citizen, he 
bears an honorable reputation, and is at present, by appointment of Grov. Fos- 
ter, occupying the position of State Commissioner of Railroads and Tele- 
graphs. 

Andrew Stevenson located in Marysville in 1*672 or 1873. He was asso- 
ciated with W. M. Randall for a short time, also with H. J. King and A. H. 
Kollefrath, and was engaged in practice until about 1880, when he returned to 
his former residence — Mansfield, Ohio. 

N. A. Gilbert became a citizen of Marysville about 1865-66. He had 
read law in Mahoning County, and had been admitted to practice before com- 
ing to Union County. He was a partner with W. M. Randall for a short time, 
afterward, in 1868-69, with J. B. Coats, and subsequently with D. W. Ayers. 
He was a good lawyer, industrious and energetic. He removed to Cleveland, 
Ohio, about 1871, and has there gained an enviable reputation and enjoys an 
^extensive practice. 

Ulysses D. Cole, eldest son of Judge P. B. Cole, read law with his father 
and attended law school at Cleveland, Ohio, and at Harvard University. Early 
in 1866, he was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court at Columbus. He 
was in the Union service aboiit two years during the rebellion, with the rank 
of Captain. He practiced about one year in company with his father, and, 
January 1, 1867, removed to Huntington, Ind. About 1876, he was elected 
Joint Representative for the counties of Huntington and Wabash, in the 
Indiana Hovise of Representatives, and was also, for a time. Deputy United 
States Assessor while a resident of Huntington. He is now a resident of Rush- 
ville, Rush Co., Ind. 

Col. A. James Sterling was born October 12, 1836, in Harrison County, 
Ohio, and was brought by his father with the family to Union County in the 
following year. He was educated at the old Marysville Academy and the Ohio 
Wesleyan University, at Delaware. In 1861, soon after the breaking out of 
the war, he raised a company, of which he was commissioned Captain, being 
assigned to the Thirty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was severely wound- 
ed in the right arm and shoulder at Chickamauga, and was soon after dis- 
charged for disability. In 1864, he was elected to the lower house of the 
Legislature, but resigned his seat in that body as soon as he recovered from 
his wounds, and re-entered the army. He was commissioned Lieutenant Col- 
onel of the One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and saw 
active service during the remainder of the war. He received numerous com- 



3H0 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

pliments from his superior officers for his marked courage and gallantry in the 
field. Soon after his return from the army (probably about 18(36), he was ad- 
mitted to the bar, and formed a partnership with John L. Porter, which con- 
tinued until the latter was elected to the bench in 1876. In 1870 and 1872, 
Col. Sterling was chosen to a seat in the Legislature. During his residence in 
Marysville, he became the possessor of a line fortune, but through unfortunate 
circumstances lost the most of it. He removed to Leadville, Col., about 
1878. 

Leonidas Piper was born November 22, 1836, in Union Township, Union 
Co., Ohio. Commencing about May 20, 1865, he' read law at Marysville with 
Col. M. C. Lawrence, and was admitted to practice before the District Court 
at Delawai-e, Ohio, June 26, 1867 After his admission, he remained with his 
preceptor about eighteen months, and on the 15th of March, 1869, he united 
with the firm of Robinson & Robinson, thus forming the present well-known 
fii-m of Robinsons & Piper, the oldest in the county; and perhaps theirs has 
been the longest conticued law partnership ever known in the place. He had 
been for about two years Superintendent of the Marysville schools, and success 
fully engaged in teaching elsewhere. In 1869 and 1871, Mr Piper was 
elected to the office of Pi'osecuting Attorney for his county. He was Secretary 
of the Union County Agricultural Society from 1867 to 1874, and has been for 
several years a member of the County Board of School Examiners. He is the 
present Clerk of the Marysville School Board, a position he has held eight 
years; has been a member of said board since 1871. The firm to which Mr. 
Piper belongs has had from one to three students during most of its existence, 
up to the fall of 1881, and among them were several who have since become 
prominent members of the profession, now residing at Marysville and else- 
where. The firm has an honorable record, and its days of usefulness are not 
yet numbered. 

J. L. Cameron is a native of Jackson Township, Union Co., Ohio, and 
subsequent to the close of the war he began reading law in the office of J. W. 
Robinson. He was admitted by the District Court at Marysville, in August, 
1867, and soon after began practice at the same place. In July, 1868. he was 
admitted to the bar of the United States Court, at Cleveland, Olaio, and in that 
year or 1869, formed a partnership with W. M. Randall, which continued 
until 1871. For a short time he practiced alone, and subsequently for a time 
in company with Joseph M. Kennedy. January 1, ]878, he admitted Thomas 
B. Benton as a partner; this iirm was dissolved in the" fall of 1881, since 
when Mr. Cameron has practiced alone. He served three years in an Ohio 
Cavalry regiment during the rebellion. 

D. W. Ayers, a native of Pulaski, Lawrence Co., Penn., and a resident of 
Union County, Ohio, since 1868, read law with James W. Robinson at Marysville, 
and was admitted before the Supreme Court at Columbus, in November, 1870. 
He has been City Solicitor of Marysville, and in 1875 was elected Prosecuting 
Attorney, serving two years. In 1871, he formed a partnership with R. L. 
Woodburn, which continued two years. He had been previously, for a short 
period, a partner with N. A. Gilbert. In 1876, he entex-ed into partnership 
with Col. A. J. Sterling, which was dissolved in 1878, since when he has prac- 
ticed alone. Mr. Ayers has enjoyed a large and active practice, and has been 
especially busy and very successful with criminal cases. He is a hard worker, 
a vigorous and earnest speaker, and besides, considerable of a politician, always 
taking great interest in the campaigns. He has a good reputation as a stump 
speaker, and is known throiighout Union County, enjoying also a wide ac- 
quaintance in the surrounding region. He enlisted, during the war, from 
Pennsylvania, although quite young, and was with Sheridan during his term 
of service; was present with the army at the surrender of Lee. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 391 

R. L. Woodburn is a native, " to the manor born; " his birthplace being 
in Jerome Township, Union Co., Ohio. August 10, 1869, he commenced tlie 
study of law in the office of Robinsons & Piper, at Marysville, and was 
admitted by the District Court at the same place, August 11, 1871. He at once 
formed a partnership with D. W. Ayers, and began practice at Marysville, 
where he is still located. This partnership continued two years, since when 
he has enjoyed a fine practice individually. In 1877 and 1879, he was chosen 
Prosecuting Attorney for the County of Union, serving four years in that capac- 
ity. From 1873 * until 1878, he was Secretary of the County Agricultural 
Society. Since 1872, he has served as Clerk of the County Board of School 
Examiners. 

Joseph M. Kennedy, a native of Madison County, Ohio, first read law in 
1858, with Harrison & McCloud, of London. Upon application, he was ad- 
mitted by the Union District Court, at Marysville, Aiigust 11, 1871. He had 
opened an office at this place in the previous May, and for one and a half 
years was a partner with H. J. King, subsequently three years with J. L. Cam- 
eron. After practicing alone for a time, he formed a second partnership with 
Mr. King, which continued as long as the first one. Since its dissolution, he 
has been alone in practice. In 1858, Mr. Kennedy was elected Justice of the 
Peace in Monroe Township, Madison County, serving three years, In 1864, 
having removed to Pike Township, he was elected to a similar position, also 
holding one term. In the spring of 1871, he removed to Marysville, of which 
town he was elected Mayor in the spring of 1872, serving two years, and hold- 
ing that office during the exciting events of the temperance crusade. 

A. T. Carpenter is a native of Delaware County, Ohio. In 1870, he 
located at Marysville, and during that and the following years read law in the 
office of Porter & Sterling. He was admitted in December, 1871, by the 
Supreme Court at Columbus, and immediately opened an office at Marysville, 
which has since been his place of residence. For two or three years he was a 
partner with W. D. Pudney, and subsequently with John M. Brodrick, the 
latter firm being dissolved upon Mr. Brodrick's election to his present position 
as Prosecuting Attorney. Mr. Carpenter is now engaged in practice alone, 
and enjoys a good business. In 1872-73, he was First Assistant Journal Clerk 
in the Ohio House of Representatives. 

James B. Cole, son of Judge P. B. Cole, was graduated in 1866 from the 
United States Military Academy at West Point, and served five years on the 
Texas frontier, in Company C, of the Fourth United States Cavalry, holding 
the rank of First Lieutenant when discharged at the expiration of his term 
of service in 1871. His last duty took him to the City of Mexico, on special 
detail from the Secretary of War. He read law with his father, and in Feb- 
ruary, 1872, was admitted at Columbus by the Stipreme Court, since when he 
has been actively engaged in the practice of his profession at Marysville. 

Walstine D. Pudney was admitted at Marysville by the Union District 
Court, August 27, 1872, and practiced here for a time in company with A. T. 
Carpenter. He is now a resident of Cleveland, Ohio. He is a native of Che- 
nango County, N. Y. 

A. H. Kollefrath came to Marysville about 1872, where he has since been 
engaged in practice. He is of German parentage, and had lived previously in 
Springfield. 

William B. Hamilton, youngest son of Hon. C. S. Hamilton, read with 
Col. M. C. Lawrence, was admitted to the bar, and practiced for a time at 
Marysville. He is now a resident of London, Madison Co., Ohio. 

* See sketeh of L. Pipar, ante. Mr. Woodburn w ^s elected to the position in 1873, and entered upon its duties 
January 1, 1874. 



392 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

F. T. Arthur, a native of Delaware County, Ohio, and a resident of 
Union County since about 1867, read law while Clerk of the Courts of said 
last named county (between 1869 and 1875), and was admitted by the Supreme 
Court at Columbus, in January, 1874. He has never practiced, and is now 
engaged in mercantile business in Marysville. 

Charles W. Fairbanks, a native of Union County, Ohio, was admitted in 
1874 by the Supreme Court at Columbus, and immediately after was appointed 
Attorney in Chief of the Indianapolis, Bloomington & Western Railway, with 
headquarters at Indianapolis, Ind. This position he still holds, and since his 
appointment theret.) has gained both distinction and wealth. 

George O. Hamilton, born in Union County, Ohio, and son of Dr. I. N. 
Hamilton, was admitted to the bar at Columbus in 1874, and practiced for 
some time at Marysville with Col. M. C. Lawrence. In the fall of 1880, he 
formed a partnership at Columbus with W. O. Henderson, but soon after re- 
linquished' practice on account of ill health. He died at Marysv/lle, Sep- 
tember 1, 1882. 

T. B. Fulton, of the tirm of Powell, Fulton & Hoskins, is a native of 
Homer, Licking Co., Ohio. He read law with Gen. George W. Morgan, at 
Mount Vernon, Knox County, and was admitted at Lima, Allen County, by the 
District Com-t, April 5, 1875. At once entering into partnership with his pre- 
ceptor, at Mount Vernon, he practiced there about six months, when he 
removed to Newark, Licking County, and formed a partnership with Joel M. 
Dennis. About six months later he went to Illinois (spring of 1876), and on 
his retu.rn a few months afterward (August of same year) he opened an office 
at Newark and practiced alone until March or April, 1879, when he was ap- 
pointed Deputy Clerk of the Licking Coiinty Courts, performing all the 
duties of the office. In July, 1880, he removed to Marysville, and formed a 
partnership with Thomas E. Powell, of Delawai'e, who has not changed his 
residence from the latter place. This partnership still exists, Emery L. Hos 
kins having been admitted as a member of the firm July 1, 1882. 

J, M. Brodrick, the present Prosecuting Attorney for Union County, is a 
native of Allen Township, in this county, and began studying law with Porter 
& Sterling, at Marysville, January 17, 1874. September 6, 1875, he was ad- 
mitted by the District Court at this place. Being somewhat broken in health 
from hard study and overwork, he did not begin practice at once, but taught 
school for a short time and recruited on the home farm. November 14, 1876, 
he began practice in the office he now occupies, over the Farmers' Bank at 
Mai-ysville. From February 15, 1879, until November 15, 1881, ho was a 
partner with A. T. Carpenter, the relation being dissolved at the latter date to 
enable Mr. Brodrick to attend to the duties of his present office, to which he 
had been elected in the previous month of October. Mr. Brodrick was Clerk 
of the Corporation of Marysville for four years. He read at the same time 
and in the same office with 

Thomas B. Benton, now of Marysville, and the two were admitted togeth- 
er. After their admission they began practice together, forming a partner- 
ship which continued until January 1, 1878. Mr. Benton is a native of Dela- 
ware County, Ohio, and the partnership between him and Mr. Brodrick began 
November 14, 1876. Upon its dissolution, the former on the same day became 
a partner with J. L. Cameron, so continuing until May 6, 1882, since when he 
(Beuton) has practiced alone. He is a second cousin of the renowned Thomas 
H. Benton. 

Charles B. Newsom, the only colored man ever admitted to the bar in 
Union County, studied with P. R. Kerr, at Richwood, and Wiis admitted before 
the District Court, at Marysville, September 6, 1875. His trade was that of a 
barber, and he is remembeied as a thorough master of that business. From 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 393 

Marysville lie went to North Lewisburg, Champaign County, and there prac- 
ticed his dual professions, with marked success at least in one. He finally 
went to Tennessee as agent of a mutual aid association, and is believed to be 
now practicing in that State. 

J. H. Kinkade was born at Marysville in 1853. He began reading law in 
the ofHce of Eobinsons & Piper in 1873, and was admitted to practice by the 
Union District Court September 7, 1875. After remaining a short time in the 
ofiice where he had studied, he finally began practice by himself in his native 
town, and in the spring of 1882 was elected Mayor thereof, being at the same 
time commissioned Justice of the Peace, which positions he now holds. 

Edward E. Cole, one of the three sons of Judge P. B. Cole who are prac- 
ticing in their native place — Marysville — read law with his father, and was 
admitted to the bar by the District Court for Union County March 14, 187 6, 
since when he has been an active practitioner in this place. From 1879 to 
1882 he held the position of Justice of the Peace. 

A. H. Beightler, a native of Paris Township, Union Co., Ohio, read law 
with K. L. Woodburn, beginning in 187-4, and was admitted before the Dis- 
trict Court at Urbana, Champaign County, April 20, 1877. He engaged to 
some extent in practice for a few months and in the beginning of 1878 opened 
an ofiice at Marysville, where he is still located. In the spring of 1881, he 
was elected Clerk of Paris Township, and served in that capacity one year. 
In 1879, he succeded R. L. Woodburn as Secretary of the Union County 
Agricultiu-al Society; a position which he still holds, being last chosen at the 
election of the society held in the fall of 1882. 

William O. Henderson, son of J. A. Henderson, of Marysville, was ad- 
mitted to the bar at Lima, Allen Co., Ohio, in July, 1877, and since the 
autumn of that year has been engaged in practice at Columbus. 

Henry D. McDowell, from Holmes County, Ohio, practiced at Marysville 
a couple of years, coming about 1879. 

James S. McCampbell, a native of Madison County, Ohio, read law in 
Marysville, beginning with Col. M. -C. Lawi-ence, April 1, 1878, and finishing 
with Robinsons & Piper. He was admitted at Columbus, December 7, 1880, 
by the Supreme Court, and opened an ofiice at Marysville April 1, 1881, hav- 
ing remained a few months after his admission with the men he had last 
studied under. He is still engaged in practice at this place. 

W. T. Hoopes, attorney and real estate agent at Marysville, is a late ac- 
cession to the Union County bar, having been in the place about a year. He 
is a native of Morgan County, Ohio. 

Edward W. Porter, son of Judge John L. Porter, and a member of the 
firm of Porter & Porter, was born at Marysville, read law under the tuition of 
his father, beginning in 1879, and was admitted by the SujDreme Court, at 
Columbus, December 10, 1881. He began practice at his home (Marysville), 
and in his first case, assisted by D. W. Ayers, he appeared before his father, 
then near the close of his term on the bench. In February, 1882, the firm of 
Porter & Porter was formed. 

Emery L. Hoskins, one of the firm of Powell, Fulton & Hoskins, of which 
he became a member July 1, 1882, was born in Leesburg Township, Union 
Co., Ohio. After reading law with Col. M. C. Lawrence, and Powell & Fulton, 
he was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court, at Columbus, June 7, 1882, 
being the latest accession to the bar at Maiysville. 

At Richwood, the fir^t settled lawyer was Louis Blake, who located at 
that place about 1870. P. Ray Kerr, still a resident, came next; and Seth S. 
Gardner and S. W. Van Winkle are also resident lawyers of that village, the 
latter having been admitted to practice in the present year, 1882. 

At Milford Center, Clarence Cranston practiced for a short time at a 



394: HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

recent dale. He is now at Topeka, Kan. T. H. Baiu, who read in Marj^sville, 
went to Kansas after his admission, and is now with Mr. Cranston. 

Several persons have read law at Marysville, who have never practiced at 
that place, but were admitted to the bar and opened ofltices subsequently in 
other localities. Some of them have become prominent among the members 
of their profession. The records show the following persons to have been ad- 
mitted at Marysville, who have not been mentioned in the foregoing list: 

James F. Freeman, admitted before Hon. Ebenezer Lane and Hon. P. 
Hitchcock, Judges of the old Supreme Court, June 30, 1838. Mr. Freeman 
was a resident of Madison County, and was one of the few men admitted by 
the Supreme Court as held in Union County under the old State Constitution, 
Lucius Case, of Newark, Licking County, being another. The others were 
admitted by the District Coiu't. 

William T. Buckner read with Robinsons & Piper; admitted August 12, 
1871; is not now in Union County, and never practiced here. 

B. A. Beard, from Delaware or Morrow County; admitted August 28, 1872. 

Wilson S. Bailey, admitted January 4, 1878; went to Kansas, in which 
State he now resides. 

T. S. Cheney, admitted August 28, 1872; was a non-resident. 

A. Ct. Carpenter, lived at Mansfield; admitted September 0, 1875. 

Stephen A. Court, not a resident of Union County; admitted January 4, 
1878. 

Erwin G. Dudley, admitted August 21, 1854; not a resident of this 
county. 

Eugene D. Hamilton, not a resident; admitted March 12, 1879. 

Jacob A. Jackson, of Springlield, Ohio; admitted September G, 1875. 

Samuel F. Marsh, from Woodstock. Champaign County, admitted Septem- 
ber 1, 1868; is now living in Cohunbus. 

John H. Miller, atlmitted March 14, 1870; was not a resident of Union 
County. 

Richard M. McCloud, of London, Madison County; admitted March 12, 
1879. 

Robert B. Montgomery, of Columbus, admitted March 12, 1879. 

Anthonv J. McCaffery, not a resident of this couutv; admitted March 12, 
1879. 

James T. O'Donnell, of London. Madison County; admitted March 17, 
1874. 

George H. Purdy, of Delaware County, was admitted August 20, 1857; 
entered the Union army during the rebellion, and was killed at the battle of 
Gettysburg, Penn., in July, 1863. 

Thomas H. B. Park, read with Robinsons & Piper, at Marysville, and 
was admitted September 1, 1869; removed subsequently to Kansas. 

George Randall, from Muskingum County, was admitted August 22, 1861; 
served in the army during the rebellion; located afterward in Kansas, from 
which State he went to New Mexico, but finally returned and is now living in 
Kansas. 

Arthui- I. Varys, admitted March 12, 1869; was not a resident of Union 
County. 

The present Union County bai- is composed of a class of gentlemen with 
whom it is a pleasure to be acquainted, and undoubtedly many of them are 
destined to win honorable reputations; while, so far as the writer knows, all 
are worthy members of their profession, and stand before the public in an en- 
viable light as courteous, genial citizens, of whom their county and State need 
never be ashamed. That they will ever preserve the dignity of their calling, 
and the honor which should be the pride of the profession, seems assured. 




r-"" 




•0 



^t ^x^ c . '# /^^&4^. X ^ c 



HISTOKY OF UNION COUNTY. 397 



CHAPTER X. 



THE UXIOX COUNTY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. 

IN 1837, there were but five physicians in the county of Union, and these 
were the following: John P. Brookins, atRichwood; Winthrop Chandler, 
in Liberty Township; Benjamin Davenport, in Union Tosvnship; Ira Wood, at 
Marysville; and Iteuben P. Mann, at Milford. Dr. Wood was the father of 
John and Harvey S. Wood, now of Marysville. In 1840, the following physi- 
cians were|praoticing in the county, each one paying a license of 50 cents: John 
P. Brookins, Jeremiah Curl, Benjamin Davenport, Iteubeu P. Mann, Charles 
Morrow, David H. Silver, Stephen Kinney, Marquis Wood, David Welch, 
Winthrop Chandler — ten in number. 

The early medical men of the county rode over a large extent of territory, 
and had a class of diseases to deal with far different from those generally en- 
countered at the present day. Their remedies were few in number, and the 
various expedients resorted to were not always of the enlightened nature of 
those now used. Yet the pioneer doctors won enviable reputations in their 
time and were indispensa1:>Ie to the settlements. They were brave and hardy, 
and underwent trials which the hardest worked members of the profession to- 
day could scarcely bear for a great length of time. 

From the records of the Union County Medical Association, it is ascer- 
tained that the first meeting "was held at Magnet City [now Magnetic Springs], 
July 1, 1881. There were present the following physicians: E. Y. King, S. 
E. Williams, H. McFadden, G. J. Skidmore, S. S. Skidmore, S. S. Drake, R. 

A. G-ray, P. H. Bauer, and Dr. Gor.seline, of Radnor." A temporary organi- 
zation was effected by electing Dr. E. Y. King, Chairman, and Dr. R A. 
Gray, Secretary. Committees were appointed for the purpose of reporting 
Constitution and By-Laws at the next meeting, to be held the first Monday in 
August following. On the day appointed a meeting was held at the same 
place as the former one, and the organization was completed by the election 
of the following officers: Dr. E. Y. King, President; Drs. I. N. Hamilton 
and A. Boy Ian, Vice Presidents; Dr. P. H. Bauer, Secretary ; Dr. S. S. Skidmore, 
Treasurer; Drs. S. E. Williams, F. A. Vigor and A. Sabine, Standing Commit- 
tee of three. The committee on Constitution and By-Laws made a report, 
which was adopted with slight modifications, and the following physicians 
were enrolled as me.iiljers of the Association: J. Q. Southard, I. N. Hamil- 
ton, F. A. Vigor, S. S. Skidmore, S. S. Drake, A. Sabine, S. E. Williams, A. 
Boylan, H. McFadden, W. Y. Root, P. H. Bauer, William Mclntire, R. A. 
Gray, G. J. Skidmore, E.Y.King. At the next meeting, September 5, 1881. 
Dr. A. Boylan was made one of the Vice Presidents of the Association, and 
there were admitted to membership Drs. D. W. Henderson, J. S. Howland, J. 

B. Taylor, R. A. Robertson, M. J. Jenkins, J. M. Southard, Charles McCune. 
The Association then on motion adopted the code of ethics of the American 
Medical Association. By the provisions of the Constitution, the Association 
receives to mem'oership regular physicians in Union and adjoining counties. 
Article 2 reads as follows: "The object of the meml)ers of this Society, both 
in their individual capacity and their associated efforts as members of this So- 
ciety, shall be the association of the profession for the purposes of mutual 



398 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

recognition and fellowship, and the maintenance of union, harmony and good 
government among its members; thereby promoting the character, interest, 
honor and usefulness of the profession, the cultivation and advancement of 
medical science among its members, and the elevation of the standard of med- 
ical education." Candidates for membership must present satisfactory evi- 
dence of qualification or be submitted to a rigid examination, and are elected 
to membership by ballot by a two-thirds vote of the members present, 

June 5, 1882, the following were elected ofiScers of the Association: Pres- 
ident, I. N. Hamilton; First Vice President, J. M. Southard; Second Vice 
President, J. B. Taylor; Secretary A. Sabine; Treasurer, S. S. Skidmore, 
Meetings are held on the first Monday in each month, Marysville being the 
regular place of meeting unless otherwise specified. Interesting discussions 
are held, papers read, and much is done to increase the usefulness of the pro- 
fession within this county. The following are the present members of the As- 
sociation: 

E. Y. King — native of Pennsylvania; graduated at Bellevue Hospital Col- 
lege, New York, in 1864; began practice in 1859. 

Andrew Sabine — native of Ohio; gradviate of Jefferson Medical College, 
Philadelphia, in 1856; saw active service in the army during the war of the 
rebellion, and is now practicing at Marysville. 

S, S. Drake, native of Ohio; graduate of Columbus Medical College, Co- 
lumbus, Ohio, in 1877. 

S. S. Skidmore — native of Ohio; graduate of Cleveland Medical College, 
Cleveland, Ohio, in 1869. 

P, H. Bauer — native of Germany; graduate Miami Medical College, Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio, in 1871. 

F. A .Vigor — native of New York; graduate of Columbus Medical College, 
Columbus, Ohio, in 1879. 

S. E. Williams— not given. 

I. N, Hamilton — native of Ohio; graduate of Starling Medical College, 
Columbus, Ohio, in 1862. 

G. J. Skidmore— native of Ohio; graduate of Miami Medical College, 
Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1868. 

H. McFadden — native of Ohio; graduate of Ohio Medical College, Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio, in 1862. 

J. Q. Southard — native of Ohio; graduated at Cleveland, Ohio, in 1855. 

A. J. Richardson — native of New York; graduate of Starling Medical 
College, Columbus, Ohio, in 1868. 

B. P. Hall — native of Ohio; graduate of Starling Medical College, Col- 
umbus, Ohio, in 1882. 

K C. Richey — native of Ohio; graduate of Columbus Medical College, 
Columbus, Ohio, in 1882. 

D. W, Henderson — native of Pennsylvania; graduate of Starling Medical 
College, Columbus, Ohio, in 1852, 

William Mclntire — native of Pennsylvania; graduate of Starling Medical 
College, Columbus, Ohio, in 1849. 

R. H. Graham — native of Yellow Springs, Ohio; graduate of Columbus 
Medical College, Columbus, Ohio, in 1879, 

N. P. Davidson — native of Ohio: graduate of Columbus Medical College, 
Columbus, Ohio, in 1882. 

A, J. Pounds — native of Delaware, Ohio; graduate of Columbus Medical 
College, Columbus, Ohio, in 1881. 

Charles McCune — native of Ohio; graduate of College of Physicians and 
Siu-geons, Baltimore, Md. , in 1878. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 399 

J. B. Taylor — native of Ohio; graduate of Columbus Medical College, 
Columbus, Ohio, in 1881. 

A. Boylan — native of Pennsylvania; graduate of the University of Mich- 
igan, in 1861. 

J. !S. Howland — native of Brown County, Ohio; practiced since 1876; was 
formerly, for five years, a member of the Logan County Medical Society. 

Several members of the Union County Association are also connected with 
the Ohio State Medical Society, as follows: 

A. Boylan, Milford Center; admitted in 1878. 

D. W. Henderson, Marysville; admitted in 1856. 

E. Y. King, Richwood; admitted in 1882. 
W. Mclntire, Millville; admitted in 1881. 
A. Sabine, Marysville; admitted in 1S82. 

J. M. Southard, Marysville; admitted in 1860. 
J. Q. Southard, Raymond; admitted in 1882. 



CHAPTER XI. 



THE PRESS OF UXION COUNTY. 

OCTOBER 1, 1880, an article was published in the daily Marysville Trib- 
une (issued as a daily during the County Agricultural Fair), treating 
upon the press of the county. It was written by John H. Shearer, editor of 
the paper, who had taken gi'eat pains to procure the facts it contained. The 
article was substantially as follows: 

"The first paper in the county was issued at Marysville, February 20, 
18-J9, eighteen years after the town was declared to be the county seat. Stephen 
McLain and Robei't McBratney were the publishers and William C. Lawrence 
was the editoi'. The title of the paper was, Our Freedom and Union County 
Advertiser. After running part of a year, the title was changed to The Un- 
ion Stai\ and was continued by the same publishers until about the middle of 
the second volume, when the name of McLain dropped out and the paper was 
issued by R. McBratney. The Star was continued until about the first of May. 

1841, when the office was purchased by John Cassil, who changed the name of 
the paper to Union Gazette. Mr. Cassil was the editor and J. E. Wilson the 
printer. The paper, after the publication of a few numbers, was, in May, 

1842, removed to Bellefontaine, and Thomas M. Robb became editor while this 
arrangement lasted. The paper was sent to Marysville each week and distrib- 
uted to subscribers. About the 30th of May. 1843, the press was moved back 
to Marysville, and Mr. Cassil again assumed editorial control, and published 
the paper until the 4th of May, 1844. The Gazette was Democratic in poli- 
tics during the time Mr. Cassil had control of it. 

"The Gazette establishment was purchased of John Cassil by P. B. Cole 
and W. C. Lawrence in May, 1844, and the name of the paper was changed 
to The Argus, and it espoused the cause of the Whig party. Six weeks later 
the name was changed to The Argus and Union County Advertiser. Cole and 
Lawrence ran the paper just one year, and then sold it to James S. Alexander, 
who ran it about five or six weeks and stopped its publication. It was then re- 
sold to John Cassil. Mr. Cassil published the paper irregularly for about a 
year, changing it into a Democratic paper. 



400 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

"Id June, 1846, P. B. Cole re-purcliased the Argus and became its editor. 
He changed it back to a Whig paper, and continued its publication, under the 
foremanship of David W. English, until September, 1849, when he sold the 
establishment to C. S. Hamilton, and he in turn established the Marysville 
Tribune. David W. and George English were the early printers of the Trib- 
une, and continued such until October 16, 1850, when Eckert and Cassil be- 
came printers and remained such until April 5, 1851. The printers then 
changed to J. G. Cassil and C. C. P. Davis. Both of these veteran printers 
are still living, the former printer of the Woodfield Spirit of Democracy, in Mon- 
roe County, Ohio, and the other editor of the Democrat, published at Wapako- 
neta, Auglaize County, Ohio. These gentlemen published the Iribune until 
December 1, 1852, when Eckert dropped out and the printers were Cassil & 
Plumb; but these dropped out in Febx'uary, 1853, and J. W. Dumble became 
printer. About the 1st of December, 1853, John B. Coats bought the oflice 
and became the editor, with C. S. Hamilton as associate editor, and J. W. 
Dumble and P. B. Plumb* printers. Plumb, as printer, dropped out January 
20, 1854, and J. G. Cassil assumed the responsibility as foreman. In June, 
1854, Hamilton became disconnected as associate and, on the Ist of Decem- 
ber, in the same year, Coats sold the press to Samuel McBratney and D. S. 
Parker, who became the editors. On the 25th of March, 1855, Parker retired 
from the paper, and C. S. Hamilton again assumed the editorial control, leav- 
ing the business department to McBratney, J. G. Cassil continuing as printer. 
This association, as editor, publisher and printer, continued until October 1, 
1858, when the present editor, John H. Shearer, purchased it, and has con- 
tinued the paper ever since under its ancient name, The Marysville Tribune. 

"In May, 1843, John Shrenk started a Whig paper in Marysville, entitled 
The Union Journal. It survived only fourteen weeks, when it gave up the 
ghost with the acknowledgment that, ' through the unfortunate schism of the 
Whig party in this county, for the last few years, tlie locofocos have the coun- 
ty offices, which secure to them the public printing.' All the nambers of the 
Journal were bound in book form and are well preserved. 

"r/ie Eaglet was a small paper started in October, 1845, to catch the 
county printing, on the saspension of the Argus after it came into the hands 
of Alexander. It was published by G. A. Cassil, and lived only about three or 
four months. 

" The Union Journal was a literary paper started in Marysville early in the 
year 1853, It was edited in the early part of its existence by A. Tolland Tur- 
ner, and printed by J. G. Cassil and Andi'ew M. Pollock. It was a good lit- 
erary journal, but was clearly in advance of the times. It survived not quite 
a year.t 

"r/ie Union Press was established in October, 1858, by Hylas Sabine. 
It was Republican in politics, and was continued until August, 1863, a period 
of four years and ten months. The last year of its existence it was edited by 
John B. Coats. I The materials of the office were purchased by the Valland- 
ighamers, who at that time, in the midst of war, treason and the assailing of 
the government, were determined to establish a paper that would advocate ' the 
freedom of speech and the press,' — that was, to advocate license to assail the 
government and its friends while they were in the act of patting down rebels. 

*Mr. Plumb has eince become diBtinguiahed as United States Senator from Kansas, to which State he removed 
about 1854. 

fThe materials were purchased by J. W. Durable and P. B. Plumb, who removed them to Xenia and published 
a paper called the Xeijia News. This paper was the same afterward edited by Whitelaw Reid, now of the New York 
Tribune. 

I In the spring of ISfil, soon after the war of the rebellion began, Mr. Sabine went to Washington, and left the 
editorial management of the pajier to Mr. Coats. In the fall of the same year, Mr. Sabine went to Harvard Univer- 
sity to take a law course. Mr. Coats continued as editor until the fall of 18H2, when his labors upon the paper ceased, 
and Mr. Sabine edited it during the balance of the time until .'Vugust, 1863. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 401 

Consequently, the Union County Democrat -was built upon the ruins of the Un- 
ion Press, and William M. Randall became its editor. The first number was 
issued August 26, 1863, and was continued until the fall of 1864, when its 
publication ceased and the materials were sold. 

"In the spring of 1872, W. H. Gribble, of Bellefontaine, started a paper 
entitled The Press, having received new materials. After publishing the pa- 
per about five months he abandoned it and the office, and left the place. A 
botch by the name of Conklin was allowed to take possession of the office, after 
Gribble left, under the promise that he would continue the paper, but ho pos- 
sessed little ability other than to ruin the materials, which he did most efi'ect- 
ually. He published, or tried to publish, a small sheet entitled The Monitor, 
which was a burlesque upon typography and a disgrace to the profession. He 
finally left for other parts, and the materials of the office were partly disposed 
of in Marysville and the balance shipped back to the ty]:)e foundry. 

"About the first of April,* 1874, the Marysville Journal was established 
by C. M. Kenton, which was soon after changed to Union County Journal, 
and has since been continued under that name without change until the present 
time. The Journal and the Tribune are now the only papers published in 
Marysville. 

"About the first of August, f 1872, the Messrs. Vaughan established the 
Eichwood Gazette, which was continued by J. H. Vaugban till the spring of 
1880, when he sold the office to the present proprietors, Smith & Ferguson. 

"In 1878, the Union County Journal published during the fair a daily 
journal, the first daily ever issued in the county. In 1880, the Tribune is- 
sued the first morning paper— the Journal's being an evening one — diuring 
the week of the fair. Tlaese are small matters within themselves, but they 
belong to the history of the press and we give them for what they are worth. 

"The Marysville Tribune is the oldest paper in the county. Its genealogy 
runs back through the Argus, Union Gazette, Union Star and Flag of Free- 
dom, so that the Tribune, counting back through its predecessors, has a line- 
age of over forty -three years. 

"It is difficult, at this late day, to secure enough of the old papers to ena- 
ble us to get a chain of all the changes that have taken place in proprietors 
and publishers of the early papers of the county. A change seemed to be nec- 
essary whenever the means of a new proprietor was exhausted. From 1839, 
the time of the issuing of the pioneer paper of the county, until 1849, hhe be- 
ginning of the Tribune, the county was almost in its native forest state. The 
few settlers who were laboring hard to open out their farms were not in a 
condition to be liberal in supporting the press, and few of them had much 
time to spare for reading. The times have greatly changed since then. We 
have so many advantages at the present day, and there is so much in the way 
of improving the county, that we cannot form a proper estimate of the strug- 
gles of the early pioneers. The press of the county has done a fair share in 
advocating and bringing about this millenium of advancement and prosperity." 

In 1879, Mr. Shearer erected the commodious building in which the 
Tribune has since been located, and has made numerous improvements in the 
office at recent dates. In May, 1882, a new two revolution Campbell cylinder 
press was placed in the establishment, superseding the Potter cylinder press 

* The first number was issued June 9, 1874; Charles M. Kenton, proprietor. Started as an eight-column folio; 
was slightly enlarged June 15, 1875, the number of columns remaining the same and the name being changed to 
Union County Journal. June 1, 1880, it was again enlarged, to a nine-column folio, which is its size at present. When 
the paper was started it was printed on a " Washington " hand-press. In 1876, the present Cottrell & Babcockcyli'ider 
press was put in, and four years later steam power was added. The office has also a 13x19 Nonpareil jobber and a 
smaller Peerless jobber, aud is generally well stocked. It has occupied its present quarters iu the Robinson block 
since the fall of 1879; was previously in the upper story of the building at the southeast corner of Main and Center 
streets. 

t The first number of this paper was issued on the 16th of August, 1872. 



402 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

which has been in nse for eighteen years. Other presses have been added, for 
job work, and in November, 1882, a four and a half horse power engine was 
purchased to take the place of the one of three horse power which was hardly 
sufficient to run all the presses at one time at a required speed. The office 
is now one of the best stocked country offices in the State, and the paper 
enjoys a large circulation. 

The Kichwood Reporter is the latest venture in the journalistic field in 
Union County, and bids fair to be very successful. The proprietors, J. S. 
Blake & Bro., issued the first numi)er January 28, 1882, subscription 
price $1.25 per annum. The paper is a seven column folio, printed entirely 
at home, and on the first of November, 1882, had reached a circulation of 
about 600 copies, with the list rapidly increasing. Q^'he office is well stocked 
with first class material, and with its neighbor, the Gazette, will doubtless 
continue to be well patronized by the people of that section. 



CHAPTER XII.* 



Log Cabin Campaign of 1840. 

DURING the eight years of Jackson's administration and the four years of 
Van Buren's, the veins and arteries of the Government, as is the case generally 
when a party has been too long in power, had become more or less corrupted. 
Many of those who were the collectors and custodians of the public moneys, 
had become defaulters — among the number Price and Swartwout — and the whole 
of them denominated as " Spoilsmen and Leg-Treasurers," as mentioned in the 
song below. Add to this the belief •which was chronic in the minds of many offi- 
cials, incumbents and oracles, that the party had the right of succession to the Gov- 
ernment, and were so solidly seated in the affections of the people that no human 
poAver could displace them, and we have the ke}- that inaugurated the furor of 
that memorable vear. Their grievances aroused and combined all the latent op- 
posing forces in the countr}', and in their arousing the\- assumed a spirit of ear- 
nestness that foreboded victory from the very start. 

It ma}' be interesting, e&peciall}' to the older class of x'caders, to recall to their 
memory a few of the facts and incidents connected with the never-to-be-forgotten 
" Log Cabin and Hard Cider Campaign of 1840," when the Presidential contest 
was between Martin Van Burcn, the then Democratic incumbent of the office, and 
Gen. William Henr}' Harrison, who was the candidate of the Whig part}-. That 
was a campaign which no one who passed through it will ever forget. It was a 
3-ear noted for its large meetings and its endless hurrahs. The campaign began 
early in the year, and was kept up with unceasing energy till the da}' of the Pres- 
idential election. Man}' people did very little else for a period of seven or eight 
months than attend the mass-meetings and hurrah •' for Tippecanoe and Tyler 
too." The devices to be hauled about in processions were almost endless and as 
diversified as the ingenuity of man could make them, for eft'ect upon the masses. 
The Whigs were confident of victory. They felt it in their bones, as they expressed 
it, and hence labored with increasing zeal and energy. The very atmosphere seemed 
to be full of victory for them. The Democrats were correspondingly dispirited, 
and felt more than half whipped for the six months preceding the election. People 
went in wagons, carriages, on horseback and on foot, to attend all the large gath- 
erings within a radius of fifty miles or more, stopping for neither rains nor mud. 
It was nothing unusual to hear of crowds estimated at from 50,000 to 100,000 

♦Contributed by Judge John B. Ooates 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 403 

persons, and even more. Women engaged in the contest as enthusiasticall}- as the 
men. 

Thomas Corwin, the most powerful orator of his day, was elected Governor 
of the State that year, and contributed no small share in getting up the excite- 
ment of that memorable campaign, and the victory which followed. The country 
at that time was full of brilliant orators, but Corwin was more than the peer of 
them all. He visited all or nearly all the counties in the State, and his meetings 
were made the occasion of a general rally, not only for the count}-, but for all the 
surrounding counties. He could carry his crowd to an}' point of enthusiasm de- 
sired, and could come as near saying what he desired to sa}', as any man living. 
He often made his audience laugh and weep in the same eloquent strain. No man 
since his day has been able to draw as many heart}' cheers from an audience as he 
did. 

The campaign received its force largely from the remarkable Whig State 
Convention held in the city of Columbus on the 22d day of February of that year. 
It was a mass convention, and every county in the State was represented by hun- 
dreds of delegates. The city, small then, was fairly overwhelmed with delegates. 
It was out of the question to obtain lodging apartments at hotels and boarding 
houses, and many private houses were thrown open and people laid down to rest 
at night wherever they could find a vacant spot. V. W. Smith, who was one of 
the Ohio State Journal staff of writers, gave a brilliant description of that grand 
outpouring, which no pen has ever equaled since. It would be interesting to 
reproduce it here, were it relevant to the design of this work. 

The contest of that year was known also as "The Song Campaign." 
Nearly every Whig could sing, and about every tenth one turned poet, which mul- 
tiplied songs by the thousand, taking in every phase of principle in issue between 
the two parties. These had their effect in producing the results which followed. 

It may not be inappropriate with the design of this work to give a short para- 
graph upon the origin of this song campaign, which became general all over the 
country preceding the Presidential election. The first impulse to it, so far as 
can be ascertained, was given by Otway Curry, a citizen of Marysville. He 
was a poet of national fame, and wrote in February, 1840, what soon became 
known all over the country as the •' Log-cabin Song." This was published in 
slips and circulated at the 22d of February convention, and was sung there with 
marvelous effect by the young Whigs. Almost every delegate carried one of 
these songs home with him, and in less than a week it was reverberating from 
every hillside and through every valley in the State. 

As a matter of history so intimately connected with Union County, the song, 
for better preservation, is worthy a place in this work. Its genius is incomparable; 
its conceptions pointed and forcible ; its sentiments pointed for the best effect ; 
its rhythm perfect ; its general appropriateness faultless ; and the tune selected 
for its conveyance to the understanding of the masses, towering and popular in 
its lofty intonations. It was an inspiration that literally set the whole nation on fire 
with enthusiasm, which swept over the country like an irresistible hurricane to 
accomplish the work of political regeneration. 

LOG-CABIN SONG. 

Tune— Highland Laddie. 

Oh, where, tell me where, was your Buckeye Cabin made? 
Oh, where, tell me where, was your Buckeye Cabin made? 
'Twas built among the merry boys who wield the plow and spade. 
Where the Log Cabins stand in the bonnie Buckeye shade. 
Cho: 'Twas built, etc. 

Oh, what, tell me what, is to be your cabin's fate? 
Oh, what, tell me what is to be your cabin's fate? 
We'll wheel it to the Capital, and place it there elate, 
As a token and a sign of the bonnie Buckeye State. 
Cho: We'll wheel it, etc. 



404 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Oh, why, tell me why, does your Buckeye cabin go? 
Oh, why, tell me why, does your Buckeye cabin go? 
It goes against the spoilsmen — for well its builders know, 
It was Harrison that fought for the cabins long ago. 
Cho: It goes against, etc. 

Oh, who fell before him in battle — tell me who? 
Oh, who fell before him in battle — tell me who? 
He drove the savage legions, and British Army, too, 
At the Rapids and the Thames and old Tippecanoe. 
Cho: He drove, etc. 

By whom, tell me Avhom, will the battle next be won? 
By whom, tell me whom, will the battle next be won? 
The spoilsmen and leg-treasurers will soon begin to run! 
And the Log-cabin Candidate will march to Washington! 
Cho: The spoilsmen, etc. 

Oh, what, tell me what, then will little Martin do? 
Oh, what, tell me what, then will little Martin do? 
He'll follow in the footsteps of Price and Swartwout too, 
While the log cabius ring again with old Tippecanoe I 
Cho: He'll follow, etc. 

Having stated in a preceding part of this sketch that this campaign was 
known as the " Song Campaign," it is proper to add that it is now referred to as the 
" Log-cabin Campaign of 18-iO." It may, therefore be interesting and proper to 
conclude by showing how the log-cabin came into the campaign as an important 
factor in the same, and also give a brief history of the part taken by the citizens 
of Mar3'sville on that memorable occasion. The idea of the log cabin as a polit- 
ical element in the contest, was first suggested b}' a scurrilous article, published in 
a newspaper, in the interest of the party supporting Mr. Van Buren for re-election 
to the Presidenc}'. The author of said article had visited North Bend, the home of 
Gen. Harrison, soon after the nomination of the latter as a Presidential candidate, 
was cordiallj' received and hospitably entertained bN' him in his humble home. In 
giving an account of this visit to some newspaper, he spoke disparagingl}- of Har- 
rison's abilities, and stated, among other things, that he lived in a log cabin and 
drank hard cider, affirming that he had no ambition to occup}' the position to 
which he had been nominated, nor abilities to discharge the duties thereof and 
concluded by asserting that if the people of the country would furnish him with a 
sufficient supph- of dry crackers and bard cider, he would be contented to live in 
his log-cabin home during the remainder of the time allotted to him on earth. 
This article was soon published in all or nearly all of the newspapers opposing 
the election of Gen. Harrison ; this aroused his friends, and the newspapers in his 
interest published the article, with bitter editorial comments relating to its tone 
and spirit. The people were reminded of the days when the3' dwelt in log cabins, 
were taught in log schoolhouses and worshiped their Creator in the same rude 
structures ; hence, the log cabin was soon brought into the campaign as an ele- 
ment of strength, and as such served its purpose and has become historical. 

Early in February of this year, the leading citizens of Marysville, friendl}^ to 
Gen. Harrison, decided to attend a mass convention to be held at Columbus, on the 
22d of said naonth. It was further decided that the delegation should be a large 
one, and in all its appointments and paraphernalia should equal if not excel that 
of any other entering Columbus on that occasion. They went diligentl}' to work 
to carry out their purpose. A long cabin, composed of Bucke^'e logs, was to be 
constructed, of magnificent design and proportions, to be taken along as a central 
figure in the procession. The material was procured from the forest in the vicin- 
ity of the town and the building rapidly progressed, under the supervision of Levi 
Phelps, William W. Steele, A. C. Jennings, James W. Evans, Stephen McLain 
and Mains Wason. Jackson G. Sprague was the architect and master builder. 
This is believed to have been the first log cabin constructed for a like purpose in 




:iXj~' 




, ^, ^i^^2/^^^2-.f?:l 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 407 

the State, certainly it was one of the best and most capacious, as well as one of 
the most beautiful in workmanship and design. As it neared completion, the 
parties in charge of the work concluded it must, when completed, be dedicated 
with appropriate ceremonies ; whereupon, a committee of the leading citizens of 
the town waited upon Mr. Curry with an earnest request that he would write a 
song for the occasion. After deliberating awhile, he consented to make the effort, 
immediately repaired to his residence and set about the work, and in an exceedingly 
brief space of time submitted the result of his labors in the song herein given. It 
was immediately printed on slips, a band of singers organized, and the author with 
his flute (an instrument on which he excelled) met with the band in the office of the 
Clerk of the Common Pleas Court, whei'e it was for the first time heard in tuneful 
notes, as it came from the voices of the band, accompanied by the flute in the 
hands of the author. 

The cabin was, soon after this rehearsal, completed, furnished and duly ded- 
icated, on which occasion the song for the first time was heard as sung in public, 
at which time it elicited rounds of applause. The band of singers was composed 
of the following named persons : Judge Levi Phelps, William W. Steele, Stephen 
McLain, A. C. Jennings, the author, and doubtless many others whose names are 
forgotten. After the ceremonies of dedication were over, the structure was placed 
on a wagon, and on the morning of February 21, the da^^ i^receding the conven- 
tion, it was started toward Columbus, going b}' the way of Pleasant Valle}' (now 
Plain City), Amity and West Jefferson ; four horses were required to haul it, and 
these were furnished by Benjamin F. Kelsey and Cherster Farnum, each furnish- 
ing two, and acting as drivers, alternating with each other. 

A large delegation followed from Marysville, which gathered in numbers as 
the procession moved forward through the county. West Jefferson was reached 
the first night, where the delegation remained till morning, and then started for 
Columbus on the " National road." 

At the latter place, a large delegation from Springfield and Clark County 
joined the procession. On nearing Columbus, the band of singers already named, 
including the author of the song, with probably others, took positions in and on 
the cabin, and moved to and through the city, their A'oices ringing out on the air, 
in what might very justly be termed a triumphal song. The cabin was decorated 
with a coon skin nailed on the outside, while the inside was furnished with a 
liberal supply of corn bread and hard cider, with gourds wherewith to drink the 
beverage. The delegation remained in Columbus during the day and the succeed- 
ing night, and then with their cabin returned home in triumph. An interesting 
and graphic account of the journey to Columbus on this occasion will be found in 
another part of this work from the pen of C. W. McLain. Some time during the 
summer of the same year a large delegation from Marysville and Union County 
went to Urbana with this cabin to attend a mass convention held there, the same 
band of singers accompanying it as on the former occasion with William 
C. Malin added thereto. The delegation entered the town singing their favorite 
and now deservedly popular song, and were greeted with a storm of cheers, from 
admiring thousands gathered there. Gen. Harrison was present, viewed the cabin 
and listened to the song. The cabin and song were the center of attraction, divid- 
ing the honors of the occasion with " Old Tip," as Gen. Harrison was famil- 
iarly called at that time. This was the last appearance of this famous structure 
outside of the limits of Union County. On its return from Urbana, it served its 
builders until after the election, the result of which is well known, when it retired 
fi'om the field of politics in a blaze of glory, and in time crumbled in deca}', the 
common lot of all earthly things. Among all the pex-sons herein named, either as 
builders or singers, including the author of the song, few now remain as dwellers 
on earth : William C. Malin alone of the singers is at this time a resident of Marys- 
ville ; A. C. Jennings resides in Springfield, Ohio, and still retains in his posses- 
sion the identical flute on which Mr. Currj' performed the accompaniment on the 



408 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

occasion of the first rehearsal of the song, as before stated herein ; James W. 
Evans, now aged and infirm, resides at or near Lawrence in the State of Kansas, 
while the architect and master builder, Jackson G. Sprague, is and for many 3'ears 
past, has been a citizen of Bloomington, 111. All the others have passed to that 
bright, shining shore, unseen by mortal eye, and dwell, as we trust, in a house not 
made with hands. 

The writer hereof has given a lengthy, and what may be termed a detailed 
history of the origin of the idea that led to the introduction of the log cabin into 
the campaign under consideration, and has dwelt at some length in regard to the 
cabin built in Marysville, for various reasons, among which may be mentioned the 
following : It serves to perpetuate in enduring form a matter of interest now, and 
for all time, will continue to be considered as an interesting event in the history of 
Union County. It serves also to illustrate the- vanity of human calculations as 
instanced in the matter of the scurrilous article referred to. The intention of the 
writer thereof was to bring Gen. Harrison into contempt and ridicule. He failed 
of his purpose and produced the opposite result, and reflecting on his work, he 
may have realized of a truth that : 

" The best laid plans of mice and men aft gang aglee; " 
and moreover, it was the building of this cabin by the citizens of Marys- 
ville that gave inspiration to the poetic genius of the author that resulted in the 
production of the most popular song of that or an}' other campaign in the history 
of the politics of our country, the effect of which in rousing the people through- 
out the entire nation can scarcely be estimated. 

A NIGHT OF SUFFERING AND PERIL — EXPERIENCE OF TWO SOLDIERS OF THE WAR 

OP 1812. 
In the latter part of December, 1813, David Mitchell and James Mather, 
soldiers of the war of 1812, whose homes were in Darby Township, Union County, 
Ohio, returned from Fort Meigs, having been honorably discharged, came to 
Delaware in company with other discharged soldiers, at which place, in pursuance 
of orders, they deposited their arms, and from thence these two started on their 
homeward journe}', on foot, through the wilderness, a portion of the route being 
uninhabited, without a road, only blazed trees for their guide. They crossed the 
Scioto River, possibly on a rude bridge, and reached Mill Creek, at a point near 
where the village of New Dover now stands ; here the}' found the stream too liigh 
for fording, whereupon they set to work to devise means to effect a crossing. 
Procuring axes from a settler, and selecting a narrow place between the banks of 
the stream, they cut down a very tall tree standing on the bank, which they 
caused to fall in a manner to serve as a foot-bridge. The labor and exertion 
necessary to accomplish this caused profuse perspiration, and in crossing they 
found that only the extreme top of the tree reached to the opposite bank, and 
therefore was not of sufficient strength to sustain their weight, consequently, they 
became thoroughl}- wet to their knees. Mitchell, being in feeble health, and of 
less native vigor than his comrade, was, soon after reaching the bank, taken with a 
violent chill, causing sickness and vomiting, and was able to proceed onl}- a short 
distance, by the help of Mather. They were endeavoring to reach what was then 
known as the " Mitchell settlement" on Big Darby Creek, where Mitchell's father, 
Judge David Mitchell, a pioneer settler of Union County, lived, and which was 
the nearest point where help could be obtained without re-crossing the creek. 
The distance to the settlement was at least six miles, and the entire route through a 
trackless wilderness, with not even a blazed tree to guide them. The weather 
rapidly increased in severity, and snow commenced falling. Mitchell became too 
weak to proceed farther, and sank exhausted near a large tree. The prospect be- 
fore them was truly cheerless and disheartening. Mitchell, at this time, urged 
Mather to leave him to his fate, firmly believing that he would not survive to see 
the light of another day. The soul of Mather revolted at the thought of leaving his 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 409 

suffering comrade in this his time of need, and sternly and peremptorily declined 
to do so but instead, went vigorously to work to make the best of the situation. 
Procuring a quantity of dr^' leaves for a bed, which he heaped against a tree, he 
then gathered bark, limbs and brush with which he constructed a rude shelter, 
to which he carried Mather. After rubbing his feet and legs to get up a re-action 
through the circulation of the blood, put on a pair of dry socks taken from his 
(Mather's) own knapsack. This treatment had but little perceptible effect, 
yet he kept up his exertions throughout the entire night— a night of gloom, 
of anxious and painful forebodings lest the morning would find his friend 
in the cold embrace of death. During the night the snow ceased to fall, the skj- 
became clear, and the cold increased in severity. With the dawning of the 
coming day, Mitchell, though chilled, severely' frost-bitten, nearly speech- 
less and rapidly sinking, was still alive, and by words and signs, again 
besought Mather to leave him; but he, as before, refused, and kept up his 
exertions for his relief until it became sufficiently light to enable him to see his 
wa}- through the forest. He started on a swift run for the settlement, taking, as 
near as he could, a straight course tovvard the residence of Judge Mitchell, his 
only guide being the morning stars and his general knowledge of the country. 
On nearing the residence of Judge Mitchell, he caught sight of three of David's 
brothers, mounted ; he hailed them with all the strength of voice he was capable of, 
and, in a few words, made known to them the perilous situation of their brother. 
The brothers immediately faced about, procured blankets and other things neces- 
sary for the emergency, and took the trail made by Mather, which was plainly 
visible in the snow. Having fleet horses, they reached their brother in as brief a 
time as was possible, found him unconscious and apparently dj'ing. The}' at once 
proceeded to pour whisky into his mouth, which had the effect to revive him in 
a slight degree. They immediately wrapped him in blankets, lifted him onto a 
horse in front of one of the brothers, and in that wa}^ was conv^eyed to his father's 
house, received prompt medical aid, which, with tender care and nursing, preserved 
his life. He never full}' recovered from the effects of that terrible night of suf- 
fering and was ever after, through life, to some extent a cripple, his feet and legs 
having been severely frozen. Mather, being possessed of a vigorous constitution 
and in a comparatively sound condition of health, suffered no permanent injury 
by reason of the exposure, and lived to a good old age. He received a land war- 
rant from the United States Government for his services in the war, which was 
obtained for him by the writer hereof, acting as his attorney ; and in that way the 
facts detailed herein were obtained, together with what follows, all of which was 
fully confirmed by Mitchell in a conversation had with him after the death of Ma- 
ther, who died a few years since at Marysville, prior to the passage of the act of 
Congress granting pensions to soldiers of the wax of 1812. Consequently he did 
not receive a pension for the services rendered to his country in that war, yet the 
land warrant came to him opportunely when he was infii-m, well stricken in years, 
and served in some slight degree to smooth the pathway of his declining years to 
the tomb. 

David Mitchell, soon after recovery, married, and commenced business on 
what was then known as '' Darby Plains," in Union County, as a farmer and dairy- 
man, accumulated a large property, disposed of the same, removed to Columbus, 
Ohio, where he dealt largely in hogs, and also engaged in packing; but eventually 
met with reverses, lost heavily, and failed in business, through no fault on his part. 
With misfortunes and losses, however great, he to the end of life preserved an un- 
sullied chai'acter for integrity and moral worth. When in prosperity and aflfluence, 
he neglected to apply for either a land warrant or pension for his services as a 
soldier, and in the days of his adversit}', by reason of difficulties encountered in 
obtaining proof of his services, by reason of the loss of the rolls of his company, 
together with the death of his Captain, the late James A. Curry, and all of his com- 
rades in service, so far as known, he failed to obtain either land or pension from 



410 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

the Government. He died some two years since, at Hilliard, in Franklin County, 
Ohio, at an advanced age, and was buried in wliat is known as the " Old Mitchell 
Graveyard," on Big Darby Creek, in Union County, near the place where he first 
commenced active life. 

The writer has endeavored to give a true histor}' of the suffering endured by 
two worthy, patriotic soldiers of Union County, who went forth to battle for the 
protection of our infant settlements, with the onh' object in view, on his part, that 
of perpetuating their memory. Mather was an industrious and worth}" poor man, 
and some years after the incident related, Mitchell, while engaged in buying stock 
for his farm and cows for his dairy, met his old friend Mather, and, after a cordial 
greeting, inquired concerning his present welfare, and was informed that he had 
just met with a serious misfortune in the death of the only cow he possessed. 
Mitchell expressed sympathy for him in his misfortune, gave him words of cheer, 
and passed on, after learning from Mather that he would pass his residence, which 
he soon reached. He then proceeded to select from his herd the best milch cow of 
the lot, drove it into the yard, and informed the wife of Mather that the cow was pre- 
sented to the family, as a small token of his gratitude in remembrance of services 
rendered by Mather to him. After the removal of Mitchell to Columbus, Mather 
would occasionally visit the city, and in every instance when met b}' Mitchell 
would be taken by him to his house, made welcome, and prevailed on to remain 
for weeks, and on leaving for his home would be liberalh' provided with money 
for his journe}'. These incidents are given, in concluding this narrative, for the 
reason that they show the brighter and better side of human nature, and also serve, 
in a slight degree, to illustrate the true character of a very worth}- man. From 
man}' years' acquaintance with David Mitchell, the writer hereof bears willing tes- 
timony to his nobility of soul (which this sketch but feebly portrays), as also to 
his integrity, moral worth and purity of character, through long years of heroic 
struggle in the battle of life to its close, that will cause his memory to be cher- 
ished by his numerous friends and relations who survive, while to his children it 
descends as a precious inheritance, more enduring and to be prized than great 
riches. 



CHAPTER XIII. 



INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. 

ROADS. 

THE early settlers of the county had no roads other than the Indian trails or 
the bridle paths through the heavy forest, and even when they began the work 
of road-making it was in a crude manner, not to be compared with the methods 
at present resorted to. The first highway of any importance constructed in the 
county was what is still known as the "Post road," laid out in 1812, across the 
southern portion of the county. The continuation of Main street north from 
Marysville, now called the " Old Sandusky road," was formerly known as the 
"Portland road." An old plat, bearing date of June 10, 1829, made at Marys- 
ville for Josiah Westlake, by Silas G. Strong, shows this road, which crossed the 
southeast corner of Lot No. 4, north of Mill Creek. Mr. Strong at that time was 
agent for the sale of" 15,000 acres of good land in Union County." 

In the early spring of 1844, an act was passed by the Legislature, authoriz- 
ing the construction of a free turnpike road from Columbus, in the county of 
Franklin, to Bellefontaine, in the county of Logan, to pass vm Mai-ysville, Union 
County. The Commissioners appointed from Union, to act with those from the 
other counties in laying out the road, were John Cassil and Norman Chipman. 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 411 

The Commissioners were to form a corporation known as the '■ Trustees of the 
Columbus, Marysville & Bellefontaine Free Turnpike Road." The first annual 
report of said Trustees, dated January 20, 1845, showed that donations and taxes 
had been received to the amount of $1,371,578, which had been expended in im- 
plements and labor ; the costs and expenses of laying and establishing the road 
were $230,125. 

February 24, 1853, the Marysville & Essex Plank Road Company was 
oi'ganized, to build a plank road between the two points named, by way of Pharis- 
burg. The capital • stock was $30,000, in shares of $25 each, and the incorpo- 
rators were : J. S. Alexander, J. W. Evans, P. Snider, C. S. Hamilton, G. A. 
Cassil, W. T. Brophy, Joseph Saxton, W. W. Woods, J. Marshall, Samuel Mc- 
Bratney and J. G. Sprague. Books were open for subscriptions of stock on the 
2d of April following, at Marysville, Pharisburg, Richmond and Essex. All 
the incorporators resided at or near iMarysville. Considerable stock was sub- 
scribed, but no immediate steps were taken toward the construction of the road. 
May 7, 1853, the company was fully organized at Pharisburg by the election of 
the following Directors : G. A. Cassil, W. T. Brophy, S. McBratney, C. S. Hamil- 
ton, of Marysville ; 0. Jewet, S. G. Kirk, of Leesburg Township ; Daniel Kinney, 
of Claibourne Township. Although the project was set on foot in a spirit of ear- 
nestness, the road was never constructed, nor was a plank road ever laid in the 
county of Union, though the swamp}' places were sometimes corduro3'ed. 

GRAVEL ROADS. 

Union County in 1882-83 is one of the foremost in the State in point of ex- 
cellent roadways, and, although the expense has been ver}' great, the improve- 
ment has been of almost incalculable benefit. In an article entitled " Gravel Roads 
in Union County : What they cost and the advantages derived from them," Col. 
W. L. Curry, Auditor of said county, wrote as follows in April, 1882, in response 
to inquiries on the subject from the neighboring county of Knox : 

" Union Count}' is one of the ' pioneer counties ' of Ohio, in the matter of road 
improvements, and our roads are all built under what is known as the ' two-mile 
assessment law.' The law was enacted March 29, 1867, and the first pike was 
constructed in this county during that year, and we have been building pikes 
every year since that time. We have now constructed in this county 110 gravel 
roads aggregating about 400 miles, and not a toll-gate in the count}^ and we think 
as good roads as any in the State. We have thirteen roads leading out from 
Marysville, and every one piked, and our farmers can market their grain and pro- 
duce as easily and readily in December and January as they could under the old 
system of mud roads in August or September, thus having the opportunity of 
taking advantage of the best markets all the year. All the main roads in the 
county are now graveled, and the roads that are being improved this year are 
usually short cross roads. 

" Since the 1st of January, this year, fift}- pike petitions have been filed in m}' 
office, and of forty-eight petitions that have been heard, forty-five have been grant- 
ed, leaving two yet to be heard by the Commissioners. These forty-five roads are 
all advertised, and will be sold out during the month of May, those granted ag- 
gregating 102 miles. Our Commissioners and engineers have learned by many 
years' experience that the first requisite is to make a good grade and good drain- 
age, and this part of the work is very closely guarded by the Superintendent and 
engineer, and I will here insert some extracts from our specifications that will give 
a better idea of our manner of constructing pikes : 

'' ' The road to be cleared of all obstruction to the width of fift}- feet. All 
trees and stumps within the area required for the construction of the road-bed 
and ditches shall be grubbed and removed therefrom ; except in fills, where they 
may be cut oft' level with the natural surface of the ground. All material natur- 
ally belonging within twenty-five feet of the center line 'of said road may be used 
for the construction of the same, unless otherwise reserved by the Superintendent. 



412 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Contractors will be required to preserve nil moimmeuts and corners to land fouud 
in the road-bed, and will be held responsible if the same are destroyed. 

THE GRADE. 

•' ' The road-bed to be smooth and evenly' graded (in roads of two tracks on 
the side to be used for dirt track ; leave no sinks or low places in the surface of 
the grade liable to contain or hold water) to a width of twelve feet on each side of 
and crowning eight inches to the center line. The sides of all .cuts, tills o*- ditches 
over three feet in depth or height, to receive a side slope of one and one-half hori- 
zontal to one perpendicular, with side ditches not less than five feet wide at the 
bottom, and to be not less than one foot below the edge of the grade on the high 
gi'ouuds or water divides, and not less than three feet below the edge of the grade 
at the culverts or outlets, unobstructed and continuous with bottoms graded 
straight and smooth, leaving no ponds or pools b}' the roadside. The banks of 
all ditches three feet deep and less to receive a side slope of one foot horizontal 
to one foot perpendicular. All culverts, ditches, or small bridges must have out- 
lets or side ditches cut from the road sufficient to drain them thoroughly, except 
those which are marked on the profiles, which are not included in the contract. 
These ditches to be one foot wide in the bottom, and to have their banks sloped 
one and one-half to one foot and to be cut to a grade of 12-100 of a foot to each 
100 feet until a good and sutlicieut outlet is made. The whole grading to be done 
in a neat and workmanlike manner. 

'■ ' Contractors will be required to remove any and all earth, rubbish or other 
matter liable to obstruct the water wa}' between the abutments of any bridges 
built by either the count}- or contractors, to a depth deemed by the engineer suf- 
ficient for the necessary water way. 

GRAVEL. 

" ' The gravel to be spread uniformly upon the center of the road-bed as 
above prepared twelve feet wide, fourteen inches deep in the center, and eight at 
the sides w4ien completed.' 

•' I only give you above the outlines of the specifications of a small gravel 
road, and it would not be of interest to the general reader seeking information to go 
into the long and minute details of the specifications furnished by our engineers. 

" We usually put on about seven cubic yards of gravel to the rod, but cross 
roads that are not largely used for heavy teaming can be made to answer all pur- 
poses of usual travel with a less amount of gravel. Many of our roads are con- 
structed on what we call the • double track plan ; ' that is, one track of gravel and 
one of dirt, the dirt road being used in the spring, summer and fall, and the gravel 
ti-ack in the winter, thus saving the gravel track, which will last many years 
longer. As there is little ditterence in the cost of constructing the single and 
double track roads, the matter is alwa^'s left to the choice of the petitioners, some 
preferring single and others double ti'ack roads. 

'- The expense of constructing gravel roads depends largeh' on the distance 
the gravel has to be hauled and the bridging, but under the law the county makes 
all culverts and bridges, and this is not a matter to be considered by the land own- 
ers taxed for the construction of gravel roads, as the bridge fund is collected on 
the grand duplicate of the county, and bridges must be built for the accommoda- 
tion of the general travel on all roads, whether they are gravel or mud. 

•' Our roads now cost from SI. 200 to $1,800 per mile exclusive of bridging, all 
governed by the distance gravel has to be iiauled. We can usually purchase 
gravel in the pit at an average of $125 per mile. Our wagon beds for hauling 
gravel are constructed to hold just one cubic yard of gravel, and gravel teams will 
make an average of from twenty-four to thirty miles per day, so that a road that 
is one mile from gravel a team w'ill make from twelve to fourteen loads, or two 
rods of gravel spread on the road each da}- to the team, and #o per day for team 
and driver, and this work is largely done by the taxpayers along the line of the 
roads, thus making some of the money out of the construction of the road to pay 



HISTOKY OF UNION COUNTY. 418 

their taxes, and this year many of our roads will be contracted entire to the tux- 
payers, as there are too many roads for regular contractors to handle. In coun- 
ties that have no gravel but have lime stone, roads can be constructed of crushed 
stone at a cost but little above that of gravel. 

" Two of our contractors during last year completed three gravel roads of 
crushed stone, of their own choice, having contracted to construct the roads of 
gravel, and although the taxpayers along the line of the road were at first strongly 
opposed to the stone, they are now much pleased and express a decided prefer- 
ence for the stone at the advanced cost of construction, as the\' are satisfied after 
testing them thoroughly the past soft winter that they will be more durable. 

" I will give you a closely figured estimate of the cost of a road made from 
crushed limestone : Ordinar}' limestone, average quarr}-, Xo. 1 rotar\- crushed 
10-horse power engine, including all costs for stone and labor loaded on wagon, 
80 cents per cubic yard, and a No. 1 crusher will crush 60 cubic j'ards per day. 
On the usual gravel roads, we put 7 cubic yards of gravel to the rod, but of the 
crushed stone we use about 4^ cubic vards to the rod, which makes a very ma- 
terial difference in the expense of hauling and spreading. The pikes in this 
county have cost more than $1,000,000, but the land owners have been repaid 
with large interest by the increase in the value of real estate. For $1,000,000 ex- 
pended for pikes, the value of real estate has been increased $2,000,000, without 
taking into consideration the luxur}- of having good roads. 

" Lands that were worth $40 and $50 per acre on mud roads now sell readily at 
$60 and $70 and upward per acre, and many citizens of old and richer counties are 
coming in and purchasing farms in this county, their reasons being that they wish 
to own land in a county blessed with good roads. It makes a good system of 
drainage for low lands, and many farms are largely drained b\' tiling into these 
side ditches; fences are improved along the line of these roads, new dwellings are 
built, barns are painted, and the whole country is improved and beautified wher- 
ever you see good pikes. 

" When the gravel road question was first agitated in this county, the enter- 
prise was bitterly opposed b}' some of our heaviest taxpayers and best citizens, 
as they argued (and honestl3', too) that first, • there was no gravel in the county 
to build the roads, and .second, if there was material it would bankrupt the county 
to build them.' But fifteen years" experience has demonstrated the fallacy of 
their argument, as we have built 400 miles of pikes and paid for them, and the 
count}^ is much richer to-daj' than fifteen years ago, and we seem to have an abun- 
dance of material left, and old ' .Mother Earth ' gives forth her stores bountifully, 
and her abundance cannot be exhausted b}- building a few miles of gravel road. 

" To iljustrate : About sixteen or seventeen years ago, the citizens of Marys- 
ville, shipped b}- railroad fifteen miles distant, from another county, gravel to put 
on our streets; and since that time they have learned that the whole town is un- 
derlaid with a superior article of gravel to that shipped, and so 3'ou may find in 
your county an abundance of material where 3'ou least expect it. Now those who 
were the strongest opponents of gravel roads in the beginning, are their most en- 
thusiastic advocates, and I have never yet found an opponent of gravel roads that 
once he has a good pike past his farm would part with it for three times the 
amount of tax he paid. 

" The citizens of this county are well satisfied with the money the}' have ex- 
pended for road impi'ovements. The farmers are well paid by the increase in the 
value of their lands, the merchants are well pleased that the\- have at their coun- 
ters, in winter season as well as in summer, customers who live fifteen and twenty 
miles from the count}^ seat, and the carriage-makers are well pleased that thev 
now sell twent}^ buggies and carriages where under the mud road system they 
sold one, and altogether we seem to be a very happy, industrious, honest, temper- 
ate and religious sort of people, and our advice to our neighboring counties is to 
build gravel roads and you will be correspond ingl}' happ}' with us. We pay our 
contractors in six per cent bonds that are anxiously sought and sell as readil}' as 
United iStates bonds. 



414 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 



GRAVEL ROADS IN UNION COUNTY. 



NAMES. 



NAMES. 



Ryan Chapel 1| 

Cannon Mill ! ^\ 

Beech Grove 2\l 

Shortees i: Grassy Kun 3i| 

Dry Run ; 4 

Buckeye j 2y\ 

Sager Mill I 5^^ 

Grassy Run l^ 

Hannawalt 1^7^ 

Howey & Gamble i ]^ 

Bell -if I 

Long & Brown li| 

Fish & Myers 2|| 

Kezartee \ l^^ 



IH 



Marysville, California & Couniy Line 

Marysville & Pharisburg 

Marysville & Delaware 

Plain City & California 

Waldo 5| 

Marysville & Watkins j 7 

Delaware & Bellefontaine I 3^ 

Wills Johns 2* 

Watkins & Bellpoint I 2| 

Watkins & California 1 3| 

Weaver ! 5| 

Delaware & Watkins Sf 

Frankfort & Ostrander 3 

California & Frankfort 3j\ 

Ostrander, & Frankfort iS: Dublin 4^-" 

California & Delaware ! 5ii 

Hinton Mill j 6 

Dover & County Line 2^ 

Dover & Perkins I 5^ 

Richey & Hannawalt j l^ 

Delaware & Union County Joint 1^^ 

Spring Dale ■ 2^^^ 

Henderson 2j5C 

Marysville & Milford j Sf" 

Irwin & Little Darby 1|. 

Irwin & Woodstock IJ 

Unionville ! 4| 

London , 8^ 

Post Road 16| 

Marysville & Unionville 6 

Webb I 2| 

Plain Ciiy & Unionville 3 

Bridgeport & Milford ! 3| 

Milford is: Woodstock 3^ 

Marysville & North Lewisburg ' 7| 

Marysville & Bellefontaine 8^ 

Conner 2§ 

Sabin lV Bigelow 6f 

Milford & Allen Centre ' SJ 

Clark ': ^^ 

Jewell & Blue 6^ 

Milford & North Darby ! 4^ 

Newton & North Lewisburg 2J 

Wheeler * 

Bennington 13 

Logan & Darby 1|| 

Newton & Crowder 3|| 

Peoria & Middleburg 4^^ 

Potter & Allen Centre i 43^ 

Mitchell ('emetery I is" 



Darby Chapel 

Inskeep & Crary 

Dean 

Johnson 

Orchard 

Holy Cross & Epps 

Wilber 

Pottersburg & Darby 

North Lewisburg & DarDy 

Milford c^' Irwiu 

Milford & Urbana 

Bouudry 

Wallace 

Brooks & Russell .'. 

Byhalia & Mansfield 

Bellefontaine & Delaware 

Broadway & Pharisburg 

York Centre & Bethel 

York Centre & Miller 

Cotton Slash 

Wheeler & Green 

Van Sant 

McPeck 

Lockwood & Toby 

Morse & Cook 

Ford 

Davis 

Stony Point 

Newton & York Centre 

Newland 

Snediker 

Reed & Jollifl'. 

Sandusky 

Patrick 

Jones & Gi-aham 

Baxley & Green 

Snell 

Newion & Perkins 

Marysville & Broadway 

Marysville & Newton 

Richwood & Middletown 

Agricultural , 

Hamilton 

Richwood, Essex & La Rue..... 

Richwood & Pharisburg 

Somersville & Broadway 

Richwood, Somersville & York Centre. 

Somersville & Coon 

Richwood & Miller 

Byhalia & County Line 

Richwood & Bokes Creek 

Eastman 

Snyder 

Otway 

Richwood & Hoskins 

Rush Creek 

Grove Street 

Newton & Bellefontaine 

Broadway & Newton 

London 

Cook 



4 

HI 
11 
h\ 
h% 

915 
-16 

H 

m 

2:1 
5i 

2| 
2i 

u 

2J-5 

(115 

•4' 

2ft 

¥f 

41 3 

^3 2 

n 
n 
5 

u# 

1 15 
1^ 

iH 

2" 
h^ 
91 1 

-IS 
313 



Kirby 

Marysville & Amrine Mill 



If 

3 

8f 

Si 

5| 

2f 
71 

n 

2.1 

2i 

io| 

4 

2| 

1| 
1 

2tV 



Note.— Total valup, SI 069,770 74; total miles, 475. 




W4~. % 




c^// ^yf/^^ j^c^y 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 417 

RAILROADS. 
Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Inclinapolis Railway. — The original 
charter of this company was granted b}- the Legislature of Ohio, March 14, 1836 
the object being to construct a railway from Cleveland to Cincinnati, via Columbus 
and Wilmington. Through non-user that charter became dormant, but it was re- 
vived and amended by act of March 12, 1845. The road was completed and the 
first train run over it from Cleveland to Columbus on the 22d of February, 1851; 
distance, 138 miles. In 18G1, the track of the Springfield, Mount Vernon & 
Pittsburgh Railwa}' from Springfield to Delaware, fifty miles, was purchased. The 
latter road is the same now passing through Irwin, Milford, Marysville and Dover 
Stations, in Union County, the charter for its construction having been granted 
March 21, 1850, to the Springfield & Mansfield Railroad Company-. By a decree 
of the Clark County Court of Common Pleas, entered at the August term, 1852, 
the company's name was changed to the Springfield, Mount Vernon & Pittsburgh 
Railroad Compan}'. June 16, 1860, the road and property were placed in the 
hands of John R. Hilliard, as I'eceiver. It was divided into two parts and sold hj 
order of the court, January 1, 1861, the fifty miles between Springfield and Delaware 
being purchased b}' Peter Odlin, J. R. Hilliard and F. A. Lane, who, on the first 
of January, 1862, sold the same to the Cleveland, Columbus, & Cincinnati Rail- 
way, and it is now a part of the Cincinnati Division of the C, C, C. & I. After 
several changes, the name by which the company is now known — Cleveland, 
Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis Railroad Company — was adopted May 16, 
1868. This was the first railway line constructed in Union Count}^, the citizens of 
which became greatly interested in the enterprise in 1850-51. A preliminary 
surve}- had then been made upon nearly the route finallj- adopted. The road was 
completed from Springfield to Delaware in the spring of 1854, the first train be- 
tween the two points passing over it on the twenty-ninth of March in that 3'ear. 
That train carried a large number of excursionists. The next day, a young man 
was badly hurt at Delaware, having both legs cut off by the engine while he 
was attempting to jump on its pilot (commonly called " cow-catcher ") as it was 
coming from the engine house. Between Springfield and Delaware ,the locomotive 
jumped the track several times. The flanges of the forward wheels of the locomo- 
tive, which was called the '' Olentangy," wei'e defective, and the aid of the 
" Goshen " was necessar}^ to pull the train back to Springfield, the passengers being 
delayed overnight on the wa}'. The business of this road has grown to ver^' large 
proportions, and its equipment is generally in keeping with the demands of the 
times. The number of miles of track owned by the company, according to the 
report of Raih^oad Commissioner H. Sabine, for 1882, is as follows: 

Main track 17.87 

Sidings, etc 1.93 

Total 19.79 

The company owns 417.55 miles in the State, of which 390.62 miles are laid with 
steel rails. 

Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis Railway. — The road in Union County 
operated bj- this — the " Panhandle Company " — is by lease from the Columbus, 
Chicago & Indiana Central Company, to which the road belongs. Of this there 
are in the county 13.05 miles of main track and .97 of a mile of sidings, making a 
total of 14.02 miles. The original charter of this road was granted to the Colum- 
bus, Piqua & Indiana Railroad Company, by act passed February 23, 1849, and 
that company proceeded to construct a road from Columbus via Urbana and 
Piqua to Union City, on the line between Ohio and Indiana. Receivers were ap- 
pointed for this road June 23, 1856, and on the 24th of June, 1863, it 
was sold for $500,000 to three trustees. On the 20th of November, in the 
latter year, a re-organization took place under the name of the Columbus & Indi- 
anapolis Railroad Company-, and by subsequent changes and consolidations it has 
been known successively as the Columbus & Indianapolis Central Railway 



418 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Company, the Columbus & Indiana Central Railway Company, and the Columbus, 
Chicago & Indiana Central Railway Company, the last name being adopted upon 
the consolidation of the Columbus & Indiana Central with the Chicago & Great 
Eastern, December 4, 1867. The combination leased its lines to the P., C. & St. 
L. R'y Co. January 22, 1869, for a term of ninety-nine years, renewable forever, 
and the latter company now operates them as a part of its own lines. The track 
of this road has not j'et been laid with steel rails. 

New York, Pennsylvunia & Ohio Raihoay. — This road was originally built by 
the Franklin & Warren Railroad Company, which was chartered March 10, 1851, 
under the provisions of " An act regulating railroad companies," passed February 
11, 1848. The line was constructed from a point on the State line in Trumbull 
County to Dayton, a distance of 246 miles. The name, Atlantic & Great Western 
Railroad Company, was subsequently adopted by this company for Ohio, and by 
others for New York and Pennsylvania, the lines together forming a through route 
to the East. August 19, 1865, these three companies consolidated and became 
merged in one corporation, with the general name of the Atlantic & Great Western 
Raifway Company. January 6, 1880, after several changes, the New York, Penn- 
sylvania & Ohio Railroad Company of Ohio was formed, and on the 24th of 
March, 1880, it was consolidated with companies bearing similar names in the 
States of New York and Pennsylvania, and the New York, Pennsylvania & Ohio 
Railroad Company now owns and operates the line. The stations on this road in 
Union County are Woodland, Richwood, Claibounie, Broadway, Peoria and Pot- 
tersburg. Length of road in county, main track, 23.909 miles; sidings, etc., 4.525 
miles; total, 28.434 miles. About 165 miles of the road owned by this company 
in Ohio are laid with steel rails. It was formerly abroad gauge line, but has been 
reduced to a standard gauge. It has more miles of track in Union County than, 
either of the other roads. 

The Columbus & Bcllefontainc Railway Company was incorporated in April, 
1878, with a capital stock of $200,000, in shares of $50 each, to construct a rail- 
Vjray — " beginning at Columbus, county of Franklin and State of Ohio: running 
thence in a northwesterly direction through the counties of Franklin and Union, 
and through the towns of Dublin and Marysville; thence northwesterly through 
the county of Logan to the city of Bellefontaine, in said Logan County." The 
incorporators were: J. H. Anderson, T. Ewing Miller, W. V. Marquis, C. L. Cool- 
ey, Robert Lamb, W. W. Woods, Philip Snider, J. W. Robinson. The road is not 
yet built. 

TELEGRAPH LINE. 

The first telegraph line in the county was put up in the winter of 1858-5^, 
extending from Springfield to Delaware, via Marysville. The poles were distrib- 
uted along the line early in October, 1858, and it was completed to Marysville in 
the latter part of February, 1859. Since that time the county seat has had tele- 
graphic communication with the outer world. The telephone has been recently 
introduced in the place, and proves a great convenience. Connection is had with 
Columbus, and thence with all important cities in the State. 




PAET lY. 



MILITARY RECORD 



WAR HISTORT 



T 



OF 



UNION COUNTY, 



CONTAINING A HISTORY OF THE SERVICES OF UNION COUNTY SOLDIERS IN THE 

WAR OF THE REVOLUTION, THE WAR OF 1812, THE WAR WITH MEXICO, 

18-46-47. AND THE WAR OF THE REBELLION, 1861-65. 



BY ^AT. Xj. OTJIE^I?.^. 



MARYSVILLE. OHIO. 
1883. 



To my late comrades in arms now living, and to the widows and 
orphans of our comrades who fell upon the fields where we fought, this 
history of the services of the soldiers of Union (bounty is affectionately 
inscribed. 



PREFACE 



WHO can write worthily of the services of Union County's soldiers, unless it 
were to write the history of almost every campaign and battle of the war of 
the rebellion, for the soldiei's of this county served in every department of the 
army? In these few pages it has been the aim to give a brief history of every 
organization represented in the county. Brief indeed, will it seem to the soldiers 
who served in these organizations when the history of one regiment, even of one 
companj', would fill a volume as large as the space occupied b}' the military record 
of the county in this history. 

Although I have for several years been collecting material for this work, 
when it is now completed I feel that the foundation has just been laid for future 
historians to write the history of the services of Union Count^^'s soldiers ; ray first 
intention was to confine the histor}- to the soldiers of the war of the rebellion, but 
as the work progressed it was decided to include a brief sketch of the services of 
the grand old heroes of the war of the Revolution, the war of 1812, the war with 
Mexico and the old " Militia" organizations. As thei'e was no material either 
written or printed from which to compile, I have woven together but a few frag- 
ments gleaned from the old pioneers and descendants of these heroes of three wars, 
and hope this chapter may not prove entirely devoid of interest, as it is the first 
that has ever been published in the count}'. 

In the preparation of the roster, the names and record were copied from 
several different lists, the first being that taken b}' the Township Assessors in 
1865, just at the close of the war, giving the names of all the soldiers who had en- 
listed from the different townships in the county. While this list was not complete, 
it furnished a good basis for operation. The rosters of the ex-soldiei's associa- 
tion and of the Grand Arm}' of the Republic have been very material helps. The 
Township Assessors in the spring of 1882 ver}' kindly took the names of all 
soldiers living in the county at that date, the letter of company, number of regi- 
ment, date of enlistment and discharge, wounds, capture of prisoners and other 
matters of interest. Blank rolls were also furnished to three or four comrades in 
each township to be filled with the names of all soldiers buried in their townships 
and of those buried in the South, also the names of the soldiers of the Revolution, 
1812 and Mexican war. These comrades have worked faithfully, and I am under 
many obligations to them for their good services. This mass of material, pro- 
cured without any reference to the arrangement of companies and regiments, 
was copied by companies and regiments in alphabetical order, and then sub- 
jected to inspection by comrades of each organization and many correc- 
tions were made in the spelling of names, letter of company and number of 
regiment. They were then carefully compared and verified with the records in 
the Adjutant General's office and many corrections made in dates of enlistment 
and discharge, after which the rolls were again copied and revised. Man}- mat- 
ters have been looked up by correspondence both in and out of the county, and 
the files of newspapers published during the war have been of great assistance in 
verifying dates and furnishing lists of killed and wounded, and of those who died 
in the service. Many corrections have been made from personal knowledge, as 
I served in the same department with many of these soldiers. 

No pains or time has been spared to make the roster as complete and correct 
as possible, yet no doubt there will be mistakes in the spelling of names and in 



426 

dates ; but the roster is as correct as it is possible to be made from the data at 
hand. 

Onl}' a glimpse can be given of the services of these regiments, but dates of 
organization, battles and everything pertaining to the history of the organizations 
have been compared with the records in the Adjutant General's office. In organ- 
izations where it was not possible to find soldiers to take an interest in the history 
of their regiments, such matter has been utilized as could be found in other histo- 
ries, and especially that of Reid's '' Ohio in the War." But the most difficult and 
laborious work has been that of preparing the rolls, and where errors are found I 
hope the soldiers of these regiments will generously bear a share of the fault, as 
they have been appealed to for man}- months through the newspapers of the coun- 
ty, at re-unions and meetings of the Grand Army, to take an interest in the his- 
tory of their regiments. No record of an3' regiment has been completed until it 
was submitted to members of the organization for inspection, and then revised. 

Regiments having full companies organized in the county are given more 
space, as in these more material was found, for many soldiers are now living in 
the county who were members of these companies. 

Writing in the interest of any particular regiment or arm of the service, has 
been studiously avoided, as has also that of extolling the services of any soldier 
or officer, but always wishing to give credit where credit is due, and to record the 
history of regiments as shown by their service, believing all to be equally good 
brave and patriotic soldiers,serving their country faithfully in whatever department, 
or in whatever arm of the service the fortunes of war cast them. The names of the 
principal battles of the war, with date, carefully compiled from the Adjutant Gen- 
eraUs office at Washington, D. C, is given, also the number of soldiers buried in 
our National Cemeteries, with many other tables of interesting historical infor- 
mation. 

That these pages, hastily written in the intervals of pressing official duties, 
will prove uninteresting to some, I have no doubt, but in the generations to come, 
when the actors in this great war for the preservation of the Nation shall have 
passed away, their descendants will be interested to know on what side their 
fathers stood when the Nation was tottering in the balance. It cannot fail to be 
of absorbing interest to them, and now that this labor of many months is drawing 
to a close, and as it has been a work of pleasure, performed without thought of re- 
ward, yet with the bright hope before me that it will possess some charm to our 
descendants in the years to come, I feel ampl^' repaid for my labor, and the pen is 
regretfully dropped when the ■'• re-call is sounded," only wishing that it had been 
wielded by one more worthy to grasp the great theme — The War Historj- of Union 
County. 

I am indebted to the Adjutant General of Ohio, who so kindly gave access 
to the records in his office, which have given so much assistance in the work, and 
to the many soldiers of the county who have always responded to every call for 
facts. To Miss Anna Roney, much credit is due for efficient work in collating 
facts and intelligent assistance in all parts of the history. W. L. C. 

Marys viLLE, Ohio, March 9, 1883. 




MILITARY RECORD. 427 



CHAPTER I. 



AVak of the IIevolution. 

"Where are our sires, our noble sires, 
Those men of toil and early thought, 
Who lit our sacred vestal fires, 
A heritage so dearlj- bought ?" 

"Ah! bright upon historic page, 

Enrolled their names shall ever shine 
With peerless luster, age on age, 
Through bright'ning realm of coming time." 

AT the close of the war of the Revolutiou the soldiers were given lands in 
payment for their services. The territor}- comprising Union County is all 
"Virginia Military Lands," being a part of that between the Scioto and the 
Miami Rivers, all of which was set apart for the Revolutionary soldiers b}- the 
United States Government, 

Many of these old patriots took up these lauds and in this wa}- quite a num- 
ber found homes iu Union Count}-. From this grand old Revolutionary stock 
sprang Union County's brave and patriotic sons who fought in the war of 1812 
the Mexican war and the war of the rebellion. 

Of these old heroes of '76, several are buried in the cemeteries of this 
county. But little can be learned, even traditional, of their services, although 
many of their descendants reside in the county. Some of them are known to have 
fought at Yorktown, Monmouth, White Plains. Grermantown and other historic 
battle-fields of the war of the Revolution. 

James Thompson, grandfather of James Thompson, of Dover Township, served 
under La Fayette, and no doubt saw much hard service, but no particulai's can 
be learned, so the old hero must rest iu his soldier's grave nnhonored and un- 
sung. 

Col. James Curry served through all the jears of the Revolution, an officer 
of the ''Virginia line." He was in the battle of Point Pleasant, October 10, 1774, 
and in this engagement was severely wounded. This is called • A First Battle of 
the Revolution " by Chamber's enc3'clopa?dia, from which we copy the following 
account of this battle. As it was fought before the breaking-out of the Revolu- 
tion, and was participated in by at least one of the citizens of this county, we give 
it place, believing it will be a subject of interest to the reader : 

" An important battle, fought October 10, 1774, between colonial troops of 
Virginia, under Gen, Andrew Lewis and the Shawnees, Delawares and other 
Indians composing the Northern Confederac}-, led by Cornstalk as king and sachem 
of the Shawnee tribe, on the east bank of the Ohio River, and just above the great 
Kanawha, The village of Point Pleasant has since grown up on the spot where 
this battle was fought, which was and is to this day always spoken as the first 
battle of the Revolution. The • Boston Tea Party ' had alread}- been held in the 
spring of the same 3'ear. and the ' Boston Port Bill ' was received in May — the 
signal of actual conflict between the colonies and the mother country'. 
Lord Dunmore, Governor of Virginia, had been bus}^ in the interests of England 
by way of stirring up a hostile feeling between the hardy white settlers and the 
various tribes of Indians, the object of which had become apparent. At last a 
crisis was reached. The Legislature took action, under which Gen, Andrew 
Lewis gathered together 1.200 men at Lewis Springs, now Lewisburg, W. Va. 
and from thence proceeded to Point Pleasant, acting as was understood, in con- 



428 UNION COUNTY 

cert with the Colonial Governor, who in person led about 1 ,000 men through the 
wilderness, striking the Ohio at Wheeling, from which point he was to meet Gen. 
Lewis. All this time, unbeknown to Gen. Lewis, the agents of Lord Dunmore 
had been busj' concentrating the Indians in the neighborhood of Point Pleasant, 
and subsequent events, show that he never intended to join his forces with the 
troops under Lewis. Our space will not admit of our giving the various facts 
substantiating this statement made so emphatic in the history of the ' Border 
wars ' by Withers and others. 

" In this bloody battle, about one-fifth of the entire army of Gen. Lewis were 
either killed or wounded, and of the Indians the number must have been even 
oi'eater. It was the most severely contested battle of the kind of which we have any 
account, and was fought on both sides from behind trees in a dense forest of 
primeval growth, on one of the richest bottoms of the Ohio. It was wholly un- 
expected, the object being on the part of Gen. Lewis, in fulfillment of the purposes 
on the part of thg Legislature, to proceed with an overpowering force in con- 
junction with Gov. Dunmore from Point Pleasant to the Indian settlement on 
the Scioto, beyond the Ohio. In vain did the brave Lewis look for troops from 
Wheeling. During the night of the 9th and 10th, a body of Indians was reported 
by a scouting party as having encamped near the site of an old Shawnee village, 
about six miles above. 

" At the same time, advices were received that Lord Dunmore would cross the 
country directly to the Scioto. Before sunrise on the morning of the 10th, a hunt- 
ing party returned and brought the startling report of " four acres of Indians,' 
about a mile above the camp of Gen. Lewis. The party had been fired upon. At 
once, on receipt of this news, the main body of the troops, under Col. Charles 
Lewis and Col. Fleming, were mustered into line. The battle soon began, and 
raged with varied fortune through nearly the entire day. The brave Col. Lewis 
fell, mortally wounded. Col. Fleming was soon after disabled, when Col. Field, 
who had come up with a re-enforcement, took command. This officer had learned 
a lesson from the unfortunate Braddock ; but he, too, soon fell. At times the 
battle raged like a tempest. The roar of musketry was continuous. The clarion 
voice of Cornstalk was, nevertheless, everywhere heard bidding his warriors, ' Be 
strong ! ' ' Be strong ! ' Seeing a warrior shrink, he sunk his tomahawk into his .skull. 
The most unyielding and desperate courage was on both sides displayed until late 
in the afternoon, when three companies that had been detained in camp, perhaps 
on account of Indians in large numbers on the opposite shore of the Ohio, under 
Capts. John Stewart, Isaac Shelby and George Matthews — distinguished names — 
reached the rear of Cornstalk by a well-planned movement, and decided the fortunes 
of the da3\ 

" A treaty was entered into at Camp Charlotte, in Ohio, at which Lord Dun- 
more was present, who seemed to have a perfect understanding with the Indians ; 
though the colonists were indebted mainly to Cornstalk for the treaty of peace 
which Dunmore seemed determined to postpone, as we might show. It was in 
view of the surprising valor displayed by the troops under Gen. Lewis in this de- 
cisive battle that Washington, in the darkest days of the Revolution, was led to 
exclaim : ' Leave me but a banner to plant upon the mountains of Augusta, and 
I will rally around me the men who will lift our bleeding country from the dust 
and set her free.' " 

The following are the names of the soldiers of the Revolution buined in Union 
County, so far as can be ascertained after very careful inquiry in each township : 

THE HEROES OP '76. 

Col. James Curry, Curry Cemetery, Jerome Township; Charles Carter, Dover 
Township; J. Coleman, Watkins Cemetery, Mill Creek Township; William Edgar, 
Liberty Township; Enoch Fisher; Israel Hale, Milford Cemetery, Union Township; 
P. Hale ; 0. Hibbard, Milford Cemetery, Union Township ; Henry Shover j 



MILITARY RECORD. 429 

Robert Snodgrass, Wood's Cemetery, Union Township; John Stewart, Liberty 
Township; James Thompson, Watkins Cemetery, Mill Creek Township; David 
Worle}', Dover Township. 

As a matter of interest to the soldiers of to-day, we give a cop}^ of an old com- 
mission, now in possession of A. D. Doolittle, of Marj'sville, which was issued to 
his great-grandfather in 1776 : 

IN CONGRESS. 

The Delegates of the United Colonies of New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, 
Connecticut New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, the counties of Newcastle, Kent and 
Suffex on Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina, to EpJi- 
raim Doolittle, Esquire: 

We, reposing special trust and confidence in your patriotism, valour, conduct and fidel- 
ity, do by these presents constitute and appoint you to be Colonel of the Twenty-fourth 
Regiment in the army of the United Colonies, raised for the defense of American liberty, 
and for repelling every hostile invasion thereof. You are therefore to carefully and dili- 
gently discharge the dutj'^ of Colonel, by doing and performing all manner of things there- 
unto belonging. And we do strictly charge and require all officers and soldiers under 
your command to be obedient to your orders as Colonel. And you are to observe' and fol- 
low such orders and directions from time to time as you shall receive from this or a future 
Congress of the United Colonies, or committee of Congress for that purpose appointed, or 
Commander in Chief for the time being of the army of the United Colonies, or any other 
of your superior ofiicers, according to the rules and discipline of war, in pursuance of the 
trust reposed in you. This commission to continue in force until revoked by this or a 
future Congress. By order of the Congress. 

John Hancock, President. 
Attest: July 1, 1776. 

.Charles Thompson, Secretary. 



CHAPTER II. ' 



War of 1812. 

FROM 1811 to 1814 was an exciting war period in the history of this country. 
Union County was then on the frontier and near to the seat of war of tlie 
Northwest. 

The territory which now comprises Union County was but sparsl}' settled. 
The settlements were along the southern border on Big Darby Creek and Sugar 
Run, and comprised the famiUes of the Robinsons, Mitchells, Currys, Ewings, 
Sagers, Kents, Snodgrasses, Shovers and a few others. 

From the close proximit}' of these settlements to the seat of hostilities, it 
would be expected that there would be ample material for an extended chapter on 
the services of the citizens Of this county during the war of 1812. But the early 
history of this territory is very meager from which to obtain any data of the stir- 
ring events of that period. There are but few rolls now on file at the Adjutant 
General's office, and from these can be gleaned but little history, save the names of 
the members of the companies. 

Almost every citizen within the limits of the count}' who was a military sub- 
ject at that time was in the service at some time during the war. 

The first militar}' company organized in the county was recruited during the 
year 1813, by Capt. James A. Curry. He was appointed enrolling officer of the 
district, including all the settlements along Darby Creek and Sugar Run, and or- 
ganized a company, of which he was elected Captain, and Samuel Mitchell First 
Lieutenant, and Adam Shover Second Lieutenant. Strange as it may seem, but 
very little can be learned of the members of this company, although they were 
recruited from the old families of Robinsons, Mitchells, Ewings, Kents, Sagers and 
others. 



430 UNION COUNTY 

After diligent search among the records and inquiring among tbe'oldest of 
tile descendant now living, the following-named citizens are known positively to 
have been members of this compan}' : 

James A. Cuny, Captain; Samuel Mitchell. First Lieutenant; Adam Shover, 
Second Lieutenant; James Buck, Calvin Carey, Ewing Donaldson, David Mitchell, 
Andrew Noteraan, Clark Provins, Christian Sager. George Sager, Abe Sager and 
William Taylor. 

They were attached to a regiment the number of which cannot be ascer- 
tained. Thev first rendezvoused at Delaware where orders were received to join 
'Gen. Harrison's Army in the Northwest. They marched by way of Upper 
Sandusky and the falls of St. Mary's to Fort Meigs, then returned by Wapakonetta 
and Piqua. The majority of them were called out the second time to build and 
garrison block-houses on the frontier. The names of several citizens of this 
county appear on the rolls of Capt. McClellan's company, among which are 
those of four brothers, James, William, Samuel and Robert Snodgrass. 

Capt. James A. Curry first enlisted in June, 1812, at Urbana, in a company 
of light horse from Highlantl Countv, and was attached to Col. Carr's regi- 
ment, composed mainly of Kentucky troops, and served in this campaign under 
Gen. Tupper on the Maumee and Elver Eaisin. He was detailed as a scout 
during that summer, and being an experienced woodsman was kept constantly 
in service. I have heard him sa}' he never performed a day's camp duty during 
this campaign. He was a fine horseman, was splendidly mounted, and he and the 
scouts serving under him were constantly on the move examining the streams for 
Indian signs, and watching the movements of the enem^-. 

A company was organized at Plain City, during the summer of 1812 or 1813, 
of which Jonathan Alder was elected Captain and Frederick Loyd First Lieutenant. 
They were directed to march north toward the lakes about twenty miles beyond 
the settlememts of Darby, and erect a block-house for the protection of the settle- 
ments. They marched to the banks of ]Mill Creek, and after working three or 
four days a block-house was completed. Mr. Alder saj's: " There were seventj' in 
all, and one, Daniel Watkins was made Colonel and Commander in Chief." 

Mr. Alder, who had been a captive among the Indians for fifteen years and 
well knew their mode of warfare, condemned this as a very unwise move in the 
Governor to order so man}- men from the settlements, for he claimed the tactics 
of the Indians would be to '■ attack the women and children in the settlements " 
and avoid the fort. 

They only remained at the block-house a few weeks. There being a false 
alarm, it was not possible to keep the men from returning to the settlements. 
This block-house was situated on the west bank of Mill Creek, about three miles 
northwest from Marysville on the farm now owned by Edward Powers. Some of 
the stones used either for the foundation or to strengthen the walls of the block- 
house may yet be seen directly east from Mr. Powers' house, a few rods from the 
banks of the creek. 

Thomas Killgore, who died at the residence of his son, Simeon Ivillgore, in 
Mill Creek Township, a few years ago, was- a member of the company that erected 
this fort, and was the last one left of the company ; a short time before his death, he 
gave a detailed account of this campaign and the building of the block- house, 
which was transmitted b}- Judge Cole to the Pioneer Association of Union Count}-. 
So far as can be learned, this is the only fort ever erected within the borders of 
this county, and this is probabl>- known to but few of our citizens. Of the 
com pan}- that erected this block-hou.se, it has not been possible to learn the names 
of any except those already mentioned, 

A number of the young men in the settlements enlisted in companies outside 
of the county, and saw hard service during the war. Simon Shover, who lived on 
Darby, near the old Sager Mill, in Jerome Township, enlisted in and was Orderly 
Sergeant of Capt. Langham's Company, of Chillicothe, Ohio. He was a brave 



MILITARY RECORD. 431 

and gallant soldier, and had many hair breadth escapes. At one time, he was 
taken prisoner by the Indians, and saved his life by imitating a rooster crowing, 
b}- jnmping up on logs or stumps, and flapping his arras and hands. This seemed 
to please the Indians ver\- much, as they laughed immoderateh- at his antics. 
Simon always claimed that this saved his life. He was taken prisoner at Win- 
chester's defeat, and often expressed his indignation at the treatment of Gen. 
Winchester, who was abused and insulted by the Indians, without any check from 
the British. Simon Shover was one of fifty picked men, who made a sortie from 
Fort Erie, and spiked the guns of the British during the night; and was, perhaps, 
the most distinguished soldier that went from the county. He was of a good 
family, and honorable and brave to a fault. He learned many of the traits of the 
Indians, and was accustomed to entertain large crowds of citizens at all kinds of 
gatherings, such as " log rollings," " husking bees," house and barn raisings," 
and "musters," with many interesting incidents of his adventures, both thrilling 
and ludicrous. In later years, he became dissipated, squandered his property, and 
led a wandering life, trusting to the charity of the old friends of his better days. 
Wherever '• crowds were wont to assemble," Simon could always be counted as 
one of the number, and furnished much amusement by giving the '-Indian war 
whoop " for a sixpence to bu}- a dram. 

His voice was as clear and shrill as a trumpet, and he could give a genuine 
war whoop that would have caused old Tecumseh to have marshaled his warriors 
for the field. Many anecdotes might be related of his etforts to amuse the crowd 
during court term, and on "training day." One of his feats was to ride " Old 
Peach Blossom," his favorite mare, up the stairway and into the court-room 
of the old court house that now stands on the square at Marysville. He was anx- 
ious to live a hundred years, and on meeting or parting with old friends he was 
wont to exclaim — "Hurrah for a hundred years !" A few years before his death, 
he was cast upon the charity of the county. He died on the 11th day of August, 
1864, aged seventy-nine years, and was buried on the Infirmary farm. He lies in 
an humble grave, " unhonored and unsung," yet he is remembered by his old 
friends as brave, honest and upright Simon Shover. " Peace to his ashes." 

Another quite noted character that resided for many years prior to his aeath 
in Darby Township, was Thomas Anderson. He was in the naval service, and was 
on the flag-ship Lawrence at "Perry's Victory" on Lake Erie, September 10, 
1813. And when the Lawrence was disabled by the guns of the enemy, Anderson 
was one of the crew that rowed Commodore Perry in an open boat safely through 
that storm of shot and shell to the Niagara, although the boat was completely 
riddled with balls in the passage. In the great historic painting now hanging in 
the rotunda of the State House at Columbus, Anderson is represented in the 
open boat with Perry, a handkerchief bound alaout his head, pulling for life to 
reach the Niagara. Anderson was in man}^ hard engagements, and many of the 
citizens of the southern part ef the county remember the thrilling incidents of his 
adventures, as related by "Tommy," as he was familiarly called. He died at the 
Union County Infirmary, December 30, 1863, aged ninety years, and was buried 
in the county burial grounds on the Infirmary farui. 

Benson Wilmoth, for many years a citizen of the county, did good service 
during the war of 1812. At the time of the siege of Fort Erie, in August, 1814, 
he was in the fort under command of Gen. Gaines, and while in the line of dutj', 
manning a gun, a shot from the guns of the British dismantled one of the guns 
of the fort, "throwing it against Wilmoth and breaking his leg. On this injury he 
drew a pension during the later years of his life. He died about the year 1860, 
and was buried in the old cemetery at Marysville. 

The territory now comprising the county of Union was but thinly populated 
in 1812, yet many of her citizens left their homes in response to the call to arms 
with the "full knowledge that their women and children were at the mercy of the 
Indians pi'owling along the northwestern border, and not a few of them rendered 



432 UNION COUNTY. 

good service to the Grovernment in lier hour of need. Ever may our citizens hold 
in gratefnl remembrance the services of the patriotic veterans of Union Countv in 
the war of 1812. 

" The brave old soldier ne'er despise, 
Nor count him as a stranger ; 
For he's his country's stay and pride 
In day and hour of danger." 

On the 4th day of October, 185'9, the old soldiers of the war of 1812, of Union 
and surrounding counties, met in convention at Marysville for the purpose of 
memorializing Congress upon the subject of the pension bill and other business 
aiDpertaining to their rights. At this meeting the following officers were appointed : 

Gen. E. W. Benson, President ; Dr. R. P. Mann, Everett McDowell, Ferrel 
Baker and Daniel Breese, Vice Presidents ; A. T. Turner, Secretar}-, and S. Mc- 
Bratney, Assistant Secretary. 

The committee on resolutions — Dr. R. P. Mann, Col. J. W. B. Hayues and 
Hon. William Richey — reported the following, which were unanimously adopted : 

"Resolved, That the first duty of a Republic is justice, as well as gratitude 
toward her gallant defenders in the hour of danger. 

"Resolved, That the land we have already' obtained came too late to be of 
service to us, as we were too old to improve it and use it for our maintenance. 
Had we obtained it as promptlj* as it was donated to the soldiers of the Mexican 
war, we might now be enjo3ing comfortable homes in our old age and decrepitude, 
and not be dependent, as many of us are, upon the cold charities of the world or 
the kindness of friends for our lease of life. 

"Resolved, That it is the duty of Congress to amend the Pension Laws, so 
that those who served in the war of 1812 and their widows or minor children shall 
be entitled to a pension, the same as those who served in the Revolutionary war, 
and that where any of our comrades have been killed in action, or died without 
receiving land, the nation owes to their heirs, without regard to age, if there be no 
widow, IGO acres of land. 

" Resolved, That we tender our thanks to the citizens of Marysville for the 
kind manner in which the}' have received us ; to the musicians, who have volun- 
teered to bring back to us reminiscences of times that tried our souls ; and par- 
ticularly to tiie ladies, who have honored us with their presence. 

"Resolved, That the proceedings of this convention be published in the 
Marysville Tribune and Union Press, and that the press throughout the West 
friendly to the cause, copy the same ; and that we thank cordialh' the two news- 
papers of this county for the call of tliis meeting. 

" Resolved, That the Member of Congress from this, the Eightli Congressional 
District of Ohio, Hon. B. Stanton, in advocating and voting for the bill to grant pen- 
sions to the soldiers of the war of 1812, has tiie thanks of all the members of this 
meeting, and we sa}- unto him, continue to do riglit and it shall be well with 3'ou."' 

At this meeting, over seventy old soldiers answered to the roll-call, fifty-five 
of whom were residents of Union Count}'. 

On the 15th of August, ISiiO, a second convention was held at Marysville by 
the old soldiers of the war of 1812, and Indian wars, for the purpose of again con- 
sulting together upon the best method of securing a pension for those who laid 
the foundation for the State and nation. 

Col. J. B. W. Ha^-nes presided at this meeting, at which resolutions sim- 
ilar to those offered at the former meeting, with the following additions, were 
adopted : 

Resolved, That we will vote for no man for President, Vice President, Con- 
gress or the Legislature who is opposed to justice to the old soldiers of 1812 and 
Lidian wars, their widows and orphans. 

Resolved, That the defense of all free institutions rests mainl}- on the volun- 
teers and militia. Therefore, it is the duty of the people to rescue the Govern- 



MILITARY RECORD. 433 

ment from the hands of those who are opening the despotisms of Europe b}- an 
annual expenditure of $30,000,000 in times of peace and a useless standing army, 
which have been in all countries the instruments of tyrann}- and oppression. 

" Resolved, That this Government was established as a beacon light to the 
friends of liberty in every land. It is the duty of the people to elect servants to 
all offices who are earnestly and thoroughly imbued with the principles of justice 
to the volunteers and militia and who will discourage standing armies." 

There were seventy of the old soldiers from this county present at this con- 
vention. 

The following list contains the names of the soldiers of 1812, who were resi- 
dents of Union County : Thomas Anderson, Henry Amrine, John Amrine, Isaac 
Allen, Amos Arrohood, James Bell, Abram Baughman, James Buck, Emanuel 
Baker, Lewis Bonnett, Jeremiah Burrows, Benjamin Bowman, Daniel Bruse, 
William Brooks, Thomas Burt, William Bowie, C. Brown, Samuel Beck, Hezekiah 
Burdock, Nathan Bigley, Henr}' Bennet, H. Burnham, James A. Curry, Alexander 
Cowgill, Titus Clevenger, Thomas Caul, Ephraim Cary, Calvin Gary, Simon 
Coder, Daniel Cone, Matthew Columber, Conklin, Thomas Chapman, 

David Chapman, Benjamin Carter, Chase Chapman, Jason Chapman, John Cratty, 
Ebenezer Cheney, Richai'd Cook, William Danforth, Daniel Danforth, Amos Dial, 
Titus_port, James E. Donelson, Michael Davis, William Dawson, John Dean, 
Scott Ewing, William Ennis, Donelson Ewing, William B. Evans, John Foreman, 
Philip Fry, Enoch Fisher, Henry Farnum, William L. Feror; William Gladhill, 
John German, Joseph Gibson, Edward Gray, James Herd, William Hopper, 
James Hamilton, William Hamilton, William Hall, F. Hemenwa}-, R. Hufl'man, 
John Heath, William Huff, Elijah Hoyt. William Hoskins, Alexander Hunt, 
Francis Harper, William Harper, Willard Hill, J. C. Hull, J. B. W. Haynes, 
Samuel Harrett, James Irwin, Robert Johnson, Jesse Johnson, Elias Johnson, 
David Jones, Josiah Kelsey, Daniel Kent, William Kirk, James Kent, John 
Keenes, Timothy Knox, William Kent, Samuel Leeper, William Deeper, John 
LeMay, Thomas,,LQe, Isaac D. Linder, Ralph Longwell, Abraham Leonard, 
Hugh Moore, Joseph McClung, Thomas McFadden, McKendree, Robert Mclntire, 
John Middleton, James Mathers, Marshall, David Mitchell, Samuel Mitch- 
ell, Dr. Reuben Mann, Andrew Noteman, Samuel Orrohood, John Porter, 
Samuel Poland, Samuel Poling, J. Powers, Levi Phelps, John Paver, Clark 
Provins, Samuel Rit^enhouse, James Robinson, William Redding, Samuel Robin- 
son, John Roads, Simon Rickard, R. M. Richardson, Tobias Robertson, John 
Robb, J. N. Ross, William Richey, R. L. Richardson, John Solmond, Adam Shirk, 
Solomon Smith, Abraham Smith, James R. Smith, Paten B. Smith, Robert Stout, 
Orson Smith, Simon Shover, George Sager, Abe Sager, Christian Sager, Adam 
Shover, Jacob Snider, Samuel Snodgrass, James Snodgrass, William Snodgrass, 
Nathaniel Stewart, Robert Snodgrass, William Spain, Justus Stephens, Jacob 
Sreaves, J. Stillings, John Thompson, Thomas Turner, William Thompson, 
William Taylor, Aaron Tossey, Robert Turner, Thomas Tunks, Richard Vance, 
William Westlake, George Westlake, Samuel Westlake, Benjamin Westlake, 
James Willard, Benson Wilmoth, Ezra Winget, Levi Whaley, Daniel Williams, 
Thomas Wells, Jacob Yates. 

Below are given the names of the soldiers of 1812 buried in the county, as 
far as can be learned, and among this number ma}- be found representatives from 
almost every battle of an^' importance of that war : 

OUK HONORED DEAD OF THE WAll OF 1813. 

"A dirge for the brave old pioneers, 

The muffled drums resound! 
Our warriors are slumbering here, 

Near to their battle-ground ; 
For not alone with beasts of prey 

The bloody strife they waged, 
But foremost in the deadly fvaj, 

Where savage combat raged." 



434 UNION COUNTY 

Paris Township — Tliomas Anderson, Tnfirmarj- Farm ; William Hall, Amrine 
Cemetery ; James Mathers, Marysville Cemeter}' ; Robert Stout, Amrine Ceme- 
ter}' ; Simon Shover, Infirmary farm ; P. B. Smith and Benson Wilmoth, Marys- 
ville Cemetery ; Samuel AVestlake, Benjamin Westlake, James Westlake, George 
Westlake and William Westlake, Amrine Cemetery. 

Union Township — Harvey Burnham, Michael Davis, Joseph Gribson, Reuben 
Mann, John Porter, James Snodgrass and James Willard, Milford Cemetery. 

Liberty Township — David Danforth. Daniel Danforth, William Dawson, John 
Dean, Samuel Griffin, James Herd and Nathaniel Stewart. 

Taylor Township — James Hamilton, James Irwin and Adam Shirk, Union 
Church Cemetery. 

Jerome Township — Christian Adams, Frankfort Cemetery ; James Buck, 
Curr}^ Cemetery ; Captain James A. Curry, New California Cemeter}' ; Titus. Dortj 
Frankfort Cemeterj- ; James E. Donaldson and Scott Ewing, Ewing Cemetery ; 
Elijah Hoyt, Joseph McClung and William Taylor, California Cemetery. 

Darby Township — William Harper, Samuel Mitchell, David 3Iitchell, James 
Robinson, Samuel Robinson, Simon Rickard and Christian Sager, Mitchell Ceme- 
tery. 

Jackson Township — Henry Bennet, Nathan Bigley, Benjamin Carter, Jason 
Chapman, Thomas Chapman, Ebenezer Cheney, Francis Harper, David Jones. 

Claibourne Township — Richard Cook, William B. Evans, J. B. W. Haynes, 
Samuel Harrett, Isaac Linder, Robert ]McIutire, Jacob Snider, Thomas Wells, 
Claibourne Cemetery. 

Mill Creek Township — Benjamin Bowman, Hezekiah Burdock, Robert John- 
son, John Keenes, John LeMay, John Rhoads, Aaron Tossey, John Thompson, 
William Thompson, Ezra Winget, Watkins Cemetery. 

Leesburg Township — William Brooks, Maskill Cemeterj- ; Ephraim Csiry, 
Maskill Cemetery ; Titus Clevenger, William Hoskins, Alexander Hunt, Hopewell 
Cemeter}' ; Thomas Tunks, Brannan Cemetery. 

Dover Township — Lewis Bonnett. Mount Hermon Cemetery; Samuel Beck, 
William Bowie, Hezekiah Burdic. Matthew Columber, R. Huffman, Robert John- 
son, Samuel Rittenhouse, Willliam Redding, John Williams. 

Allen Township — Isaac Allen, William Huif, Abraham Leonard, Samuel 
Poling, John Paver, William Spain, Jacob Sreaves, Buck Run Cemetery. 

York Township — William Ennis, Elias Johnson, Timc^hy Knox, William 
Kirk, McKendrie Cemetery ; Thomas McFadden, York Cemetery ; R. M. Richard- 
son, James R. Smith, McKendrie Cemetery ; Levi Whale}', Jacob Yates, York 
Cemetery. 



CHAPTEfl III 



The Old Militia. 

THE first law passed in Ohio in regard to military matters was a " law for 
regulating and establishing the militia," published at Marietta, July 25, 
1788 (Chase, Vol. I, page 92). 

This law required all " male inhabitants between the age of sixteen and fifty" to 
perform military dut}'. The main features of this law remained in force until the 
year 1847, when it was repealed. In fact the law, becane a mere farce in the 
matters of carrying into effect its requirements. 

The earliest account of a militia organization is found in a report of the 
Second Ohio Regiment of Militia made b}' Col. James Curry in 1803, of which 
the following is a copy: 



MILITARY RECORD. . 435 

Return of the Second Regiment of Militia in the County of Highland, commanded 
by Lieutenant Colonel James Curry, agreeably to returns made by the cemmauding offi- 
cers of the several companies belonging to the said regiment, November, 1803. 

Officers— \ Lieutenant Colonel Commandant, 1 Major of First Battaloin, 1 Major of 
Second Battalion . 

Starf Officers— 1 Adjutant. 1 Paymaster, 1 Quartermaster, 1 Regimental Clerk, 
1 Quartermaster Sergeant, 1 Sergeant Major. 

Commissioned Oj/?cer^— Captains 8, Lieutenants 8, Ensigns 8. 

Mon- Commissioned Officers — Sergeants 25, Corporals 12, Drummers 4, Fif ers'^, Rank 
and File 610. 

Arms and Accouterments — Swords and belts 13, rifles 265, flints 530. 
The troops have generally powder and lead — the quantity not exactly ascertained — 
perhaps equal to whatis required by law. James Curuy, 

Lieutenant Colonel Commandant, Second Ohio Regiment. 
After the close of the war of 1812. military matters in Union Count}^ seemed to 
have been \%vy quiet for a number of years, at least little can be learned of the mili- 
tary affairs of that period, as the " old guards " have all been mustered out, leaving 
no record of their service. 

From the year 1825 to 184G, the militia spirit was in a blaze of glory 
throughout the State. There were two laws under which the militia was organized. 
The old " corn-stalk militia," who were not requii'ed to uniform, and the companies 
and regiments that furnished their own uniforms and served for seven years, after 
which time the}' were exempt from drill. Several companies organized in the 
count}^ under this law, w'ere w-ell uniformed and armed and became quite efficient 
in drill. 

A light horse company was organized at Milford about the year 1830, of 
which Calvin Winget was the first Captain, James Eiddle the second, Jacob 
Seaman the tliird, C. P. Garlic the fourth, Philip Snider the fifth and J. B. Richey 
the sixth. 

Privates — David Anderson, Jonathan Allen, David Asher, Hollis Amy, 
James Boal, William Beard, Andrew Beard, Perr}- Buck, James Biggs, Henry L, 
Burns, Ralph Cherry, Robert Curry, William Cratty, Uriah Coolidge, Ai Coolidge, 
Samuel D. Chapman. James W. Evans, Joseph Gibson, Andrew M. Gill, Jacob 
Gibson, B. H. B. Griswold, Luther Gabriel, John Hibbard, Samuel Hale, John 
Hale, Solon Harrington, Amza Irwin, Silas Igo. Robert Johnson, Joel Jolly, 
Elias Jolly, Othias Kenned}', James Kennedy. Micha Kent, Hiram Kent, Dyer 
Lombard, Jesse Lombard, Ray G. Morse, John Mitchell, John Morrow, Henry 
Moodie, George Moodie, William Morse, Isaac Morse, Moses Mitchell, William 
Moore, James McDonald, Samuel McCampbell, William G. McDowell, Zacheriah 
Noteman, William Parkinson, Robert Paris, Jason Rice, John W. Robinson, James 
Robinson, William M. Robinson, Samuel Robinson, Bugler, A. P. Robinson, S. D. 
Robinson, James D. Robinson, James Robinson, J. M. Rol3inson, Thomas Robinson, 
Joseph Robinson, John Robinson, C. M. Robinson, Josephus Reed, John P Reed, 
Jacob Seaman, William Snodgrass, Samuel Snodgrass, John Smith, H. P. Smith, 
E. D. Smith, Abraham Stiner, Henry Vaugorden, Luther Wood, Joshua Witter, 
Samuel Weaver, Luther Winget. 

This company was well uniformed and equipped, each trooper being armed 
with two horse-pistols, carried in holsters, and a saber. They were well mounted 
and the company was composed of the elite of Union County's chivalrous young 
men. This company organization was kept up until the law was repealed in 1847. 
Several " light infantry " companies were organized in the county under the same 
law, and these were organized into a regiment and, with their fine drum corps of 
twenty snare drums, ten bass drums and twenty fifers, they presented quite a war- 
like appearance when on parade. 

The militia laws were very rigid in their demands as to military duty. 
Every military sul3ject was required to be armed with a good and sufficient mus- 
ket, fusee or rifle, and this was defined by the regulations to include " lock, stock, 
barrel and ramrod." 

" Muster Day " was a legal holiday, the only one at that time provided by 



436 UNION COUNTY 

law, and the " old b03^s " had a grand time at these musters. All the old " flint- 
locks " and "pick-locks " of the land were brought forth which the law defined as 
being " good and sufficient arms." 

In those ante-helium days, there were " company trainings," " regimental 
trainings, " officers' musters " and " General musters." " General musters " were 
the grand gala days of the year, and were considered occasions of momentous 
importance. The " call to arms " was sounded far and wide many weeks before 
the assembly, and preparations were made for it on a grand scale. Brass buttons 
and accouterments were burnished up, old rusty sabers and horse-pistols were put 
in order by the " dashing light-horse cavaliers," and the whole countr}^ was astir 
with a military spirit. 

" Cooked rations," consisting of boiled pork and beans, pumpkin pies and all 
the fat of the land, were prepared in great abundance, with a good supply of hard 
cider and other drinkables which were sure to warm up the " rank and file " of the 
" bold soldier boys " to the fighting point, and many a good old deacon considered 
it a sacred duty to indulge in the ardent to a liberal extent on training day. 

The militia law at that period required the organization of divisions, bri- 
gades, regiments, battalions, light-horse companies, etc. 

The artillery arm of the service was very light, the old iron cannons being 
issued usually one in a place, at county seats or brigade headquarters ; and many 
an accident happened by these old guns being manned by inexperienced men. 

One of these old iron guns, a six pounder, was issued to the militia at Mil- 
ford about the year 1838, and many pounds of powder have been wasted in 
that old gun celebrating political victories of all parties. Democratic, Whig and 
Republican. 

Mil ford Phillips was Captain of the first artillery company organized, and 
afterward Philip Snider was appointed Captain of the company. 

At a Fourth of July celebration at Bridgeport, Union Township, in 1847 or 
1848, Mortimer Tucker had his hand torn oflf above the wrist, and Robert Simpson 
bad his arm torn off near his shoulder in firing this gun. At Marysville, on the 
IGth day of September, 1856. on the occasion of a political meeting of the Fillmore 
party, the gun was being fired, and by a premature discharge, Daniel Brophy and 
Archibald Turner were killed and Joseph G. Hawkins, the thumber, had his thumb 
torn off. 

The old gun was several times spiked and condemned and left on the com- 
mons, where, unprotected, it " stood the storms of many a winter's campaign ;" but 
always, on the Fourth of July, it was brought forth by the boys, and after being 
inspected was reported " fit for active service," and the '• chief of artillery," Bill 
Bancroft, solicited the usual donations for powder to fire the " morning gun " to 
usher in the glorious Fourth. 

In June, 1876, the grim old rusty gun was reported " fit for service," and 
the boys having donated the required amount for powder and " fire water," the 
chief mustered the " old guard," unlimbered and advanced to the fair ground, 
where she was placed in position for trial, loaded to the muzzle, the match 
applied, and the old gun was blown to atoms. And now, like Othello, the old 
chief's "occupation is gone." 

These organizations were officered by a long list of " field and staff," with 
Tuany war-like titles, and they were all out in full force at general musters, in 
feathers and spangles, with " good and sufficient swords." as the law required ; 
but each officer was allowed to uniform as his taste dictated, and while the dress 
was usually gorgeous, it was exceptional for two officers of the field and staff to 
have the same uniform. 

Finally, the system became so useless that the laws were repealed and the old 
" training da}- " became a thing of the past. 

Many of Union County's best citizens were prominent officers in the militia 
organizations, among whom were Gens. Chipman, William B. Erwin and William 



MILITARY RECORD. 437 

Steel ; Col. William Orr ; Capts. Sidney Johnson and Philip Snider ; Dr. Curl, 
William Gibson, Oliver Kennedy, Milford Phillips James Thompson and Otway 
Curry. 

Gen. A. Wiley, who now resides in the northern part of the count}-, was a 
prominent officer in the militia in Muskingum and Licking Counties, and he can 
interest his hearers by the hour with amusing and interesting incidents of the 
general muster period. 

General musters were held at Milford and at Marysville, the camp grounds 
being just south of the old Amrine Mill, on the east side of the creek. 

A general muster was once held in Marysville, on the south side of West 
Center street, between the new court house and the residence of Judge Coats. 

Company musters were held on Darby, near Unionville, in Mill Creek Town- 
ship, and in Jerome Township, on the farms of Capt. James A. Curry and Kobert 
Curry, and manj' other places in the count}*. 

The old militia system, with all its defects, kept up a military spirit in the 
ranks of the young men of that time, and man}- a young man who served in the 
war of the rebellion now looks back with boyish pleasure to the time when he was 
first thrilled with the shrill music of fife and drum on " training day." 

We close this chapter by giving a copy of a characteristic order from one of 
the old militia officers, found in the Marysville Argus, bearing date of April 5, 
1844 : 

ATTENTION RAINGERS. 

The members of said Company are hereby notified to parade at Amrine' s Mills, on the 
20th day of April, 1844. at 9 o'clock A. M., arranged and equipped as the law requires for 
the purpose of Co. Drill. 

J. Curl, 

Captain. 
Jackson. G. Sprague, 

0. S. 



CHAPTER IV* 



The Mexican War, 1846-1847. 

"The volunteers! the volunteers! 
1 dream, as in the by-gone years, 
I hear again their stirring cheers. 

And see their banners -shine. 
What time the yet unconquered North 
Poured to the war her legions forth, 
For many a wrong to strike a blow. 
With mailed hands, at Mexico. 

"The volunteers! the volunteers! 
God send us peace through all our j-ears; 
But if the cloud of war appears, 

We'll see them once again, 
From broad Ohio's peaceful side. 
From where the Maumee pour's its tide, 
From storm-lashed Erie's wintry shore. 
Shall spring the vohmteers once more." 

ON the 4th day of July, 1845, Texas became a State of our Union. The Mex- 
ican Minister at Washington had, previous to this time, ceased diplomatic 
relations with the United States, and soon after Gen. Zachary Taylor was ordered 
to enter Texas with his arms to protect the border, and by reason of the annexa- 
tion of Texas it became evident that war was inevitable. When the call was 
made for volunteers in 1846 and 1847 to invade Mexico and settle the question 

* The principal facta in this Chapter are gatliered from a pamphlet written and published by Alvin Koso, who 
served in Company E, Fourth Ohio Regiment, in the Mexican war. 



438 UNION COUNTY 

of the annexation of Texas, the young men of Ohio responded gallantl}' to the 
call. The State furnished four full regiments of infantry, several companies of 
cavalry, and quite a large number for the artillerj' service— in all upward of sixty 
companies, and now but one muster roll can be found on file in the Adjutant 
General's office at Columbus. 

Quite a number of the 3'oung men of this county enlisted and served in the 
war against Mexico. A large and enthusiastic meeting was held in Marysville, 
and when yolunteers were called for many enrolled their names. This company 
went into camp on South Main street, near the Town Run which passes under the 
railroad bridge, where it remained about a week recruiting. Joshua Brothers, 
William Cleveuger, Jackson Coleshine, C. P. Cavis, William Graham, George 
Graham, James Graham, D. W. Henderson, J. G. Hawkins, John Harrison, Elisha 
Glick, James Johnson, J. P. Johnson, Alexander Oliver, John Price, Alpheus 
Parmeter, Daniel Reed and Frederick Smith, ail of Union County, enlisted and 
served in this company, afterward known as Company' E, of the Fourth Ohio Regi- 
ment ; and G. A. Cassil. Jonas Clark, C. P. Garlick, Milford Phillips, William 
Smith, John Atwood, S. W. Atkinson, Samuel Monroe and William Palmer served 
in Company C, of the Third Ohio Regiment, G. A. Cassil being appointed First 
Sergeant of the company. James Cutler, Ebenezer Carter, E. Higgans, M. Pheas- 
ant, Andrew Spratt, George Skidmore and H. Woodruff, also of Union County, 
served in this war, but in different companies. 

The majority of the Union County boys enlisted in Capt. M. C. Lilly's com- 
pan}^ of Columbus, and were assigned to the Fourth Ohio Regiment. We here 
give a brief histor}' of that regiment, showing the service of the Union County 
soldiers in this regiment. 

In the spring of 1847, the excitement consequent upon the war with Mexico 
had reached its zenith ; the tocsin of arms had sounded throughout the length 
and breadth of the land. From Texas and the Gulf of Mexico to the lakes and 
rivers of the North ; from the sandy shores of the Atlantic to the snow-capped 
mountain of the far West, was heard the report of battles and victories ; and yet 
the call for troops to sustain the valor of the xVmerican arms, and " conquer a peace," 
was constantly meeting the ears, and moving the hearts of the patriotic. 

On May 29, 1847, a compan}- recruited at Columbus, moved to Cincinnati, 
which was the place appointed for the regimental rendezvous, and was assigned 
as Company E, of the Fourth Ohio Regiment, commanded by Col. C. H. Brough, 
Lieut. Col. Warner, Maj. Young and Adjt. Ivessler. 

On the 1st of July boats were ready in the river opposite the camp and the 
regiment took passage for New Orleans. Company E, under the command of 
Capt. M. C. Lilley, was placed on the steamer Alhambra. 

New Orleans was reached on the 7th, and after remaining at this place 
until the 11th, the troops went on board the steamer Telegraph, arriving in 
sight of Brazos Santiago on the morning of the 16th. The next morning prepa- 
rations were made to ascend the Rio Grande in a boat, the William R. McKee ; on 
the 18th, Matamoras was reached and the regiment went into camp certain 
of being in the enemy's country. The camp was situated nearly opposite to Fort 
Brown, on the Texan side, and adjacant to it was a fine parade ground, of wliich 
good use was made every day. In the latter part of August, orders were received 
to proceed to Vera Cruz and march to Gen. Scott's line of operations. Ac- 
cordingh', on the 4th of September, the regiment took steamboats and descended 
the Rio Grande to the mouth. Here it remained until the 11th, when shipping 
being read}- at Bi'azos it marched over to that place, embarked on board the sail 
ship Tahmroo on the 12th, and on the evening of the ir)th hove in sight of 
the sand hills near Vera Cruz ; the following morning the Tahmroo ran into the 
bay and cast anchor near the great castle of S<ui Juan dc UUnn. Having landed 
the troops, marched to a place about four miles north of the cit}' and encamped on 
the beach, a miserable sandy place backed by the notable sand hills, and destitute 



MILITARY RECORD. 439 

of every attraction except sea breeze and good water. On the 19th a 
brigade was formed of the following troops: Fourth Ohio Regiment, Fourth 
Indiana Regiment, Capt. Simmons' Battalion of Detached Regulars and the 
Louisiana Dragoons, all under the command of Gen. Joseph Lane, of Indiana. 
Tents were struck and the long march commenced. 

About noon on the following day, as the troops entered a kind of a woodland 
the advance guard fell in with a party of guerrillas, gave them chase and killed 
and captured several. In this chase, Lieut. Coleman, of Columbus, died from 
the effects of heat and fatigue. On the 21st the troops again moved for- 
ward, but after marching several miles stopped at Paso de Ovejas, where they re- 
mained until the 25th, then proceeded to Plan del Rio, and on the morning 
of the 27th moved forward, ascending the hills between the river and 
the heights of Cerro Gordo. This place, though picturesque in appearance, is re- 
markable only from the fact that here Santa Anna and his army met with a signal 
defeat. 

On the 1st of October the brigade started on the march toward the halls of 
Montezumas ; on the 7th arrived at a place near the Af/uas Calientes, or Hot 
Springs, and on the 8th proceeded on the way with the understanding that 
Santa Anna was at Huamantla and would probably intercept them at Pass el 
Pinal. Early on the morning of the 9th, Gen. Lane drew off all the troops 
except the Fourth Ohio, Capt. Simmons' Battalion and two pieces of artillery, 
which were left behind to guard the train, and proceeded toward Huamantla ; when 
within two or three miles of the place, he ordered Capt. Walker, with his mounted 
force, to gallop on, and if the Mexicans were in considerable force not to attack 
them, but await the arrival of the infantry and artillery. On arriving near the 
town, the Captain found that the main body of the enemy had started for the pass, 
while perhaps five hundred remained in the plaza. Upon these he made a furious 
charge, killing several of them and dispersing the rest, while he and his troops 
took possession of their artillery and ammunition. But before the arrival of the 
infantry, the Captain was surprised by a charge from some twenty-five hundred 
lancers. In this fearful fray, the Captain was mortally wounded and fell from his 
horse while encouraging his men to still withstand the fearful odds against them 
until the other troops should arrive. Soon they came- to their relief, and before 
many minutes the place was cleared of the enemy. Among the prisoners taken 
on this occasion was Col. LaVega, brother to the General of the same name, 
also Maj. Iturbide, son of the former Emperor of Mexico. 

On the 11th, the troops entered the pass, and after the principal part of the 
train had proceeded some distance, a wagon in the rear broke down and seven 
companies of the Fourth Ohio were left to protect it until another wagon could be 
brought back and the baggage shifted into it. While thus detained, a party of 
lancers, about 1,500 in number, appeared on the right and to the rear. The com- 
panies immediately concealed themselves behind some bushes and embankments 
and coolly awaited the attack. After considerable firing and maneuvering on the 
part of the enemy, the wagon that had been sent for came rattling and thundering 
through the mountain pass, which they probably mistook for the approach of 
artillery, and with no little haste these valorous Mexicans took their exit to the 
opposite side of the plain. Continuing the march, the troops arrived cit Ama- 
zuque, and, after resting a few hours, pressed forward, intending to enter Peubla 
and relieve Col. Childs and his gallant band before night. On nearing the city, 
the clash of arms was distinctly heard, and also the Colonel firing a salute on 
his eighteen-pounder. The troops passed through tlie principal parts of the city, 
only being occasionally fired at by the foe concealed on the tops of the houses. 
This firing was kept up for some minutes, when, being returned with compound 
Interest, the bells rung for a truce, and the Mexicans abandoned the city. 

The joy of Col. Childs and his men seemed to have no bounds ; and no won- 
der, for they had been hemmed up in the north part of the cit}- for nearly a 



440 UNION COUNTY 

month, and a good part of that time had been scant of provisions and water. Da}' 
after da}- had the}- lived upon flour, water and eotfee, and these not in abundance. 
The enemy, finding that Col. Childs would not surrender the place, had attempted 
to starve him out. So destitute of meat were the Colonel's men that it has been 
told that they even ate cats ! Their ammunition was so near spent that they had 
to wrap six-pound balls to fire from twelve-pound guns. But upon the arrival of 
re-enforcements, they sallied forth, and entering the well-filled meat stores, appro- 
priated some oif the superfluities of their Mexican neighbors to their own neces- 
sities. 

On the 19th of October, details from the Fourth Ohio and other regiments 
started on an expedition against a party of ^lexicans under Gen. Rea, the noted 
guerrilla chief. When about ten miles from Puebla, the enemy was met and a 
close conflict ensued ; retreating some distance, they again made a stand, and 
fought desperately with the dragoons, but on receiving a shot or two from the 
artillery, they again fled and ran into Atalixco. The loss of life in this engage- 
ment was considerable. The report of the Mexicans was 219 killed and 300 
wounded ; the Americans, two killed and one wounded. The forces were about 
1,500 Americans and about the same number of Mexicans. 

A detachment of some 300 men was sent to a little town called Huacalcingo, 
for the purpose of capturing two pieces of cannon belonging to the enemy. The 
guns were hid on the arrival of the troops, but by a diligent search they were 
found and spiked, and the Americans re-assembled at Puebla, elated with their 
success and the probable cessation of hostilities. The stay in Puebla was some- 
what long — from the 12th of October, 1847, to the 2d of June, 1848 — during 
which time the prospects of peace and war were alternating with a regularity per- 
plexing and vexatious to the American forces. However, after much uncertainty 
and many disappointments, about the 1st of May, IS-tS, intelligence was received 
which made the hopes of peace more warrantable than they had ever been before. 

On the 2d of June, orders were received to take up the line of march for Vera 
Cruz, and the 3d found the troops hastening homeward. After being detained at 
Encero until the IGth, awaiting the arrival of shipping at Vera Cruz, the line of 
march was again resumed, and three days later the Gulf coast was reached. On 
the 22d, they boarded the ship Edgar, of New York, and stood out to sea ; on the 
12th of July, arrived at Cincinnati and on the 20th the companies were disbanded 
and with glad hearts the men dispersed to their homes in various directions. 

Many of these soldiers of the Mexican war took a prominent part in the war 
of the late rebellion, and not a few of the boys who enlisted in the late war were 
first drilled by these heroes of Buena Vista and in the old •' Scott Tactics." 

J. G. Hawkins was Colonel of the Thirteenth Ohio ; Dr. D. W. Henderson 
was a surgeon in the Ninety-sixth Ohio ; C. P. Cavis was a Captain in the One 
Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio, and Dr. James Cutler, who has been a citizen of 
the county for a number of years, was a Captain in the First Ohio Cavalry. Some 
of them are '• sleeping their last sleep " in honored soldiers' graves, among whom 
are Col. J. G. Hawkins, killed at Stone River, and Capt. C. P. Cavis, killed at 
Bentonville. A few of them still live, honored with the well-earned titles of two 
wars. 



MILITARY RECORD. 441 



CHAPTER V. 



The War of the Rebellion. 

"Our country is calling; go forth! go forth! 

To danger and glory, ye heroes; 
In danger your manhood must prove its worth, 

There hearts are weighed in the balance; 
And he who would win his life at last 
Must throw it all on the battle's cast." 

THE first gun of the war of the rebellion was fired on Fort Sumter, on the 
12th cla}' of April, 1861, and the smoke still hung over the battered walls 
when the first call was made for volunteers. On Monda3- morning, the 14th day 
of April, 1861, the President issued the following proclamation : 

Whereas, the laws of the United States are now and have been opposed in several 
States by combinations »,oo powerful to be suppressed in the ordinary way ; I therefore 
call forth the militia'of the several States of the Union, to the aggregate number of 75,000, 
to suppress said combinations and execute the law. 

******** * * * * * *** 

The first sei-vice assigned the forces will probably be to repossess the forts, places and 
property seized from the Union. 

On Tuesda}', the 15th day of April, 1861, the Grovernor of Ohio issued a 
proclamation calling for thirteen regiments, and on Friday, three days thereafter, 
two regiments, numbering 1,700 men, were on their way to Washington. 

Union County, with all the loyal North, was awakened to the danger of the 
hour. The rattling drum and the tread of marching soldiers were heard in ever}' 
town and village in the county. When we recall the days of 1861, we can again 
hear the stirring music of fife and drum, and again we see the boys of Union 
County as they marched through the streets with banners proudly waving, and 
were oflT for the war. 

"Proudly and firmly marched oflf the men; 
Who had a sweetheart thought of her then; 
Tears were coming, but brave lips smiled when 
The soldiers followed the drum, 

The drum. 
The echoing, echoing drum." 

And again we see them returning, after four years of war, with their old tat- 
tered flags faded by the Southern sun and blackened with the smoke of battle. 
Their ranks were broken ; their old, faded blouses and jackets had borne the storms 
of many battles, but they came crowned as heroes. The were welcomed home by 
a grateful people, who vied with each other in doing honor and homage to their 
sons who had fought the battles of a war that cost •' four hundred thousand loyal 
lives, that made three hundred thousand union soldier cripples for life, and left 
more than one million widows and orphans to mourn for their loved ones who did 
not return." 

Union County, with a population in 1860 of 16,507, sent into the service up- 
ward of three thousand soldiers, of all arms of the service — infantry, cavalry, 
artillery and navy — representing more than one hundred regiments, batteries and 
independent companies. The total roster of soldiers published in this history 
numbers 3,538 ; this includes soldiers now living in the county, who went into the 
service from other counties, and many of them from other States. These rolls 
have all been carefully examined by soldiers of every regiment represented, and 
those known to have entered the service from other counties have been checked, 
and this leaves the number from this county 3,200. Add to this the veterans that 



4-42 UNION COUNTY 

re-enlisted, 348, and we have a grand total of 3,548 enlistments. Tliis includes 
about 200 represented in two different regiments or companies ; deducti ng these 
and the veteran enlistments leaves upward of 3,000 soldiers from the county. 

Of the full companies sent from this county, there was one for the first three 
months' service in the Thirteenth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantr}', and thirty- 
two men for the Seventeenth Regiment, aggregating one hundred and twenty-six 
men ; six companies for the three years' service under the first call, three compa- 
nies under the three years' call in 1862, one company under the three months' call 
in 1862, one company for the six months' service in 1863, three companies of " One 
Hundred Days men " in 1864, three companies of one year's service in 1864, and 
two companies of "Squirrel Hunters " in 1862 — in all twenty companies. 

Three hundred and forty-eight re-enlisted as veterans under the call of the 
President in December, 1863. These were men who, after having served more 
than two years in one organization, re-enlisted in the same organization for 
"three years more, or during the war." Of these veterans re-enlisting from 
Union County, the following regiments of Ohio Volunteer Infantry were repre- 
sented : Thirteenth, Twenty-sixth, Thirtieth, Thirty-first, Thirty-second, Fortieth, 
Forty-sixth, Fift3'-fourth, Sixtj^-sixth, Sevent3'-sixth, Eighty-second, Fifteenth, 
Seventeenth, Twentieth, Twenty-second, Twentj'-third, Twenty-seventh, Thirty- 
third, Thirty-eighth, Forty-second, Forty-third, Forty-fourth, "^Fift3--third, Fifty- 
eighth, Sixty-third, Sixty-fifth, Seventy-fourth, and First Ohio Volunteer Cavalry. 

Besides the full companies raised in the county, companies were largely re- 
cruited for the Fortieth and Fifty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry and the First 
Ohio Volunteer Cavalry ; a company of sharp-shooters, and quite a number of 
colored troops for the Fifth and Twenty-seventh United States Colored Troops. 
Many others entered the regular army, mostly in the Eighteenth Regiment United 
States Army, and many enlisted and were credited to other counties of whom we 
have no record. 

Union County's contribution to the war was equal to the total number of 
male adults in the county at that time, as a large number of the soldiers were 
boys under age. From the first call for soldiers in 1861, until peace in 1865, 
Union Count}^ filled her quota for every call. Of the commissioned officers, two 
attained the rank of Colonel, two of Lieutenant Colonel, three of Major, four of 
Surgeon, fift}' of Captain, and seventy of Lieutenant — in all one hundred and thirt}' 
commissioned officers. 

We did not furnish a brilliant array of officers of high rank — Brigadier and 
Major Generals manufactured to order at home by political influence and news- 
papers, fighting battles at long range ; but we did furnish our quota to the rank 
and file of the army — the soldiers who carried the musket, the carbine and saber, 
the cartridge-box, the canteen, the knap-sack, the haversack with their rations, 
and marched through rain and mud, and slept in the "dog tent ;" tlie soldiers 
who stood picket, lay in the rifle-pits, made the breastworks, did the dangerous 
scouting and raiding, laid the pontoons, carried the ammunition and fought the 
battles of the rebellion. 

Such was Union Count3''s contribution to the war — the real lieroes who served 
without hope of reward, save that of a nation preserved. The}^ have no costly 
monuments to proclaim to the world their valiant deeds ; but monuments will 
crumble and fall to the ground while the people will keep green in their heart of 
hearts the heroic deeds of the rank and file of the arm}', nameless and pageless in 
in history though they be — 

"They were the builders whose work is immortal, 
Crowned with the dome that is over us all." 

The soldiers of Union County fought upon every field of the thirty-one prin- 
cipal battle-fields of the war, from Bull Bun to Appomattox. The first of her sol- 
diers wounded was at Bull Run. They were at Caruifex Ferry, where the first 






// 



MILITARV RECORD. 445 

soldier from the county was killed ; and again we find them led by Grarfield 
marching on to victory in Eastern Kentucky, then following Thomas triumphantly 
at Mill Springs, in January, 1862, and in February we find them at Fort Donelson, 
both with the land and naval forces. They fought at Shiloh, Corinth and Perry - 
ville ; again struggled amid the cedars of Stone River ; then poured out their best 
blood at Chickamauga. They were at Island No. 10, Champion Hills, Jack- 
son, Big Black River, Grand Gulf, Arkansas Post and Spanish Fort. They were 
with the victorious columns of Thomas at Mission Ridge, and fought under Sher- 
man, at Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw and Atlanta ; marched with " Sherman to the sea," 
and were with " Old Pap Thomas " in one of the best planned battles and most 
brilliant victories of the war, at Nashville. And again at Forts Wagner, Fisher 
and McAllister, at Port Republic, Cedar Mountain, South Mountain and Chancel- 
lorsville ; at Antietam, Gettysburg, the Wilderness, Fredericksburg and Cold Har- 
bor. They were at Winchester, and swept down the Shenandoah Valley' under 
" Little Phil," and were on ever}^ field of Virginia. They were at Cumberland Gap, 
Knoxville, Vicksburg, Murfreesboro and Kingston. Thej^ were at Charleston and 
Bentonville. They participated in the most brillliant cavalry raids of the war, 
and carried death and destruction into the heai't of the Confederacy, under the 
leadership of those dashing cavalry chieftains, Kilpatrick, Custer and Sheridan. 
Many of them were at Appomattox, and finalh', it was the fortune of Union Countj^'s 
oavahymen to be present at and participants in the capture of the President of 
the Confederate States. The blood of Union County soldiers was poured out 
upon all these sanguinary battle-fields, and many of them are sleeping in nameless 
graves on the fields where the}' fell. 

And what was Union County's sacrifice in the war? 133 of her soldiers 
were killed in battle ; 400 died of wounds or disease, or wasted in the prison pens ; 
360 were wounded, and 143 were prisoners of war, making a total loss of 
killed, died, wounded and prisoners, of 1,035 ; 200 sleep in the graveyards and 
cemeteries of the count}', and 321 are buried in the South and in unknown and 
unlettered graves, there awaiting the assembly' of the grand army above, where 
Heaven's " Recording angel will call the roll " on that great day. What a sacri- 
fice for one little county ! but what a grand army will muster on that other shore. 

In addition to these, there are buried in the cemeteries of the county ten sol- 
diers of the war of the Revolution, 109 of the war of 1812, and 7 of the war with 
Mexico, making a total of 655 soldiers, residents of the county, mustered out of 
life's service. 

The first three soldiers who enlisted in the county, as shown by published 
records, were John Newlove, C. S. Irwin and James Chapman. The}' were too 
impatient to wait for a company to be recruited in the county, and Irwin went to 
Springfield and joined a company that was assigned to the Sixteenth Ohio Regi- 
ment in the three months' service. Newlove and Chapman joined a company 
from Urbana, of the Second Ohio Regiment, and were in the first battle of Bull 
Run. Both Newlove and Irwin were afterward enlisted and served over four 
years in the First Ohio Cavalry. 

The first Union County soldier who died in the service was C. C. Hurly, of 
Company D, Thirteenth Regiment ; the first one wounded Avas James Chapman, of 
the Second Regiment, who was wounded at Bull Run, and the first one killed was 
Ransom Reed, Company F, Thirteenth Regiment, who was killed at Carnifex 
Ferry, September 10, 1862. 

The first company to enlist and enter the service, in response to the first call 
for 75,000 volunteers for three months, was a company recruited at Marysville by 
J. G. Hawkins and M. C. Lawrence. The first war meeting was held in the old 
court house on the evening of April 15, 1861, and ten days later the company 
was organized and started for camp at Columbus, Ohio. A company was organ- 
ized at Plain City, by Thomas J. Haynes, at about the same date, in which many 
Union County boys enlisted. A company was also organized at New California, 

M 



446 UNION COUNTY 

about the 25th of April, of which James Cutler was elected Captain, W. L. Curry^ 
First Lieutenant, and D. R. Cone, Second Lieutenant. About sixty men enlisted, 
but before the company was recruited to the required number to enter the service 
the three years' call was issued, and many of the men becoming impatient, enlisted 
in other companies, and this companj' never entered the service. 

The following companies were organized in the count}' under the first call for 
three years' service: Company F, Thirteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantr}-; Company 
B, Thirt3--second Ohio Volunteer Infantry; Company' E, Thirtieth Ohio Volunteer 
Lifantry; about fifty men for Companies D and K, of the First Ohio Cavalry; 
Compan}^ F, Thirty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantrv; a large number for 
Company K, Fifty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry; a detachment for Company 
D, Fortieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry; Company F, Sixty-sixth Ohio Volunteer 
Infantry, and Company H, Eight3'-second Ohio Volunteer Infantr}-. Detach- 
ments were also recruited for many other Ohio regiments, and for the Seventh, 
Seventeenth and Eighteenth United States Infantry. These companies were 
organized during the summer and fall and were all in the field by earl}' winter. 

On the 27th day of September, 1861, an order was issued b}^ the Adjutant 
General of Ohio, appointing military committees in ever}' county in the State, and 
they were empowered to appoint recruiting officers and were to superintend the 
recruiting service in their respective counties and have general supervision of 
military affairs. The first committee appointed in Union County was composed 
of P. B. Cole, J. W. Robinson, C. Rathburn, A. F. Wilkins and G. L. Sellers. 
John Cassil was the first recruiting officer appointed by the committee, and he 
recruited a company for the Sixty-sixth Ohio A'olunteer Infantry. J. A. Hender- 
son, Joseph Newlove and James R. Smith were afterward appointed members of 
this committee. The military committee was kept in service until the close of 
the war, and did good and efficient work in this county in the management of 
military matters. 

In the month of October, 1861, in response to the call of the Governor, the 
citizens of the county sent large donations of clothing and blankets to the soldiers 
in the field, this being the first well-directed movement for the relief of suffering 
soldiers in the field and prior to the organization of any regular " aid societies." 
Soon after this, however, " aid societies " were organized all over the county, not 
only for the relief of soldiers in the field, but for the relief of the families of sol- 
diers in the county. 

The first of these of which any record can be found was organized in Union 
Township, November 29, 1861. James FuUiugton, A. A. Woodworth and John 
Reed being the prime movers in the matter. 

These societies collected and distributed from this county thousands of dollars 
in money, clothing and sanitary stores, and hundreds of sick soldiers in the hos- 
pitals and on the field were ministered to and made comfortable by the donations 
from the patriotic ladies and citizens of Union County. 

Thousands of dollars were paid to the soldiers of the county as liounties 
during the war, and it may be truly said that her citizens never failed to respond 
to every call made for either money, sanitary donations or soldiers. 

The companies organized in the county during 1861 were assigned with their 
regiments to the different departments of the army as follows: 

The Thirteenth Regiment entered the field in West Virginia, fought at Carui- 
fex Ferry September 10, where Ransom Reed fell, the first of Union County's 
soldiers killed on the field of battle; from Virginia to Tennessee, marched with 
Gen. Buell's columns to Pittsburg Landing and lost heavily in that hard-fought 
battle. 

The Thirtieth Regiment was ordered to Virginia, was at Carnifex, and had 
many skirmishes during the fall and winter ; spent the winter at Fayetteville, 
working a part of the time on the fortification, and in April, 1802. we find it at 
Raleioh. 



MILITARY RECORD. . 447 

The Thii'tv-first Regiment was assigned to tlie Department of Kentucky, and 
niarclied in December to tlie relief of Gen. Thomas at Mill Springs ; wintered in 
Kentuck}', then marclied with the arm}- of the Ohio to Pittsburg Landing and 
took part in the siege of Corinth. 

The Tliirty-second Regiment left Camp Dennison for West Virginia in Sep- 
tember, 1861; was soon onCheat Mountain, and under Gen. 3Iilroy toolc part in the 
advance on Camp Alleghany. During a greater part of the winter, the regiment 
remained at Beverl}', drilling, and on the 1st of May, 1802, advanced on Buffalo 
Gap. 

The Fortieth Regiment left Camp Chase in December, 1861, for Eastern 
Kentucky, and in January, 1862, participated in the battle of Middle Creek, de- 
feating Humphrey Marshall. The Fortieth spent the rest of the winter atPiketon 
on outpost duty, and until June, 1862. 

The Fifty-fourth Regiment organized at Camp Dennison; left for Paducah, 
K}-., in February, 1862, where it was assigned to Gen. Sherman's Division, and 
engaged in the battle of Pittsburg Landing, losing in this, its first fight, nearly 
200 men. 

The Sixty-sixth Regiment struck tents at Camp Mc Arthur, near Urbana, in 
Januar}-, 1862, and was off for West Virginia, where it was assigned to the com- 
mand of Gen. Lander, at New Creek, and immediateh' commenced active service. 
During the first winter, the regiment was constantly on the move scouting and 
skirmishing, and in June, 1862, we find it marching with tlie army of Gen. Shields 
up the Shenandoah to Port Republic. 

The Eighty-second Regiment, organized at Kenton, was ordered to Vii'ginia, 
in January, 1862, and spent the winter at Fetterman, drilling and in camp duty. 
Li the early spring, it was on scouting service under command of Gen. Schenck, 
and in May marched under Gen. Fremont toward Branch jNIountain. 

The First Ohio Cavalry, organized at Caup Chase, received marching orders 
for Kentuckj', and on the 9th day of December, 1861, struck tents, and on the 11th 
of the same month arrived at Louisville, being the first regiment of cavalry to 
enter that department. The regiment remained at Louisville, drilling, until Jan- 
uary, 1862, when it was ordered to join Gen. Thomas, at Mill Springs, but did not 
arrive in time to take part in that battle. The regiment was on scouting duty in 
Kentuck}', during the winter, and had its first encounter with the command of 
John Morgan, on Green River. Late in March, they led the advance of Ge n 
Buell's columns to Pittsburg Landing, and participated in the siege of Corinth. 

Such was the disposition of Union County companies that enlisted under the 
first three years' call, in the spring of 1862, at the close of the first year of the 
war. 

On the 26th of May, 1862, Gov. Tod, in compliance with a call from the 
War Department for troops to protect the National Capital, then threatened by 
Stonewall Jackson, published a proclamation calling for volunteers for three months. 
The day before, he had sent telegrams to every county in the State announc- 
ing the need of troops and assigning the number expected from each county, uro-- 
ing that all who were willing to volunteer should hasten to Camp Chase. Within 
two days 5,000 volunteers had responded to the call, and within ten days the first 
of the new regiments — the Eight^'-fourth, was on its way to the field. The Eighty- 
sixth and Eighty-eighth soon followed, while the Eighty-fifth and Eighty-seventh 
were organized for duty within the State. Under this call, one company was re- 
cruited for the Eighty-sixth Regiment in Union County, and served three months 
in Western Virginia. 

Under the calls of the President in June, 1862, for troops for three years' 
service, Ohio's quota was 74,000, one-half of which was liable to draft.* " Men 
were universally averse to the idea of a draft, and the people of Ohio were es- 
pecially anxious that it might be said that the soldiers from this State were vol- 
unteers. In compliance with popular demand. Gov. Tod made an effort to dis- 

*Keid'8 History. 



448 UNION COUNTY 

tribute the new (^uota iinparlially among the ilifterent counties, and to obtain the 
proper number of vohniteers from each: the draft was only to be used as a last 
resort."' 

The regimeuts having been localized, each community took particular 
interest in raising the required number of troops, and in •• getting clear of the 
draft." In this assignment, the Ninety-sixth was allotted to Union and its neigh- 
boring counties. It was under these calls that the Seventy-ninth, the Eighty-third, 
the Eighty-ninth, the Ninetieth, the Ninety-first, the Ninety-second, the Ninety- 
third, the Ninety -fourth, the Ninety-tifth, the Ninety-Sixth, the Ninety-seventh, the 
Ninety-eighth, the Ninety-ninth, the One Hundredth, the One Hundred and 
First, theOne Hundred and Second, the One Hundred and Third, the One Hun- 
dred and Fourth and the One Hundred and Fifth Regiments were raised in the 
various counties of Ohio. In response to this call, one company was recruited in 
this county in August, and was assigned as Company K, of the Ninety-sixth 
Regiment Ohio A'olunteer Infantry. 

Under the call of July 1, for 300,000 troops, two companies were recruited 
for three years" service, and left Alarysville about the 1st of September, for Camp 
Delaware; they were assigned as Companies A and I, of the One Hundred and 
Twenty-first Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. 

At this period Union County was in a blaze of excitement; the rattling drums 
of the recruiting otflcers were heard in every town and at every cross road. It 
seemed as if the whole country had been converted into a recruiting rendezvous. 

We now had in the field ten companies, and many detachments in various 
other organizations. Many of the soldiers who had enlisted at the first call had 
been killed or wounded, and many others had died of disease and had been 
brought home and bucied by their friends. '• Mourners were going about the 
streets,"' and the weeds of mourning were to be seen in many families. 

Ransom Reed, the first to fall, had been brought home and buried with the 
honors of war, amid a large concourse of people, on the 0th of October, ISGl. The 
funeral services of four soldiers — Cyrus Thompson, Delmore Robinson aud two 

brothers, sons of Henry Crist were held in the Presbyterian Church at 

Marysville, on the same day, July 23, 1862. 

The people now began to see and realize some of the results of the war, 
for now there were broken hearts, bitter tears of sorrow and desolate homes. 
Many of the soldiers who enlisted in the last companies had left families. The 
citizens realized the necessity of the hour, and relief societies began to work with 
renewed energy. The military committee was active, and in July appointed com- 
mittees in each township to take subscriptions for the relief of soldiers' families, 
and fair hands were busy making clothing and preparing sanitary stores for the 
hospitals. 

At this time, Gen. Buell's army was falling back rapidly toward Louisville, 
and one column of Gen. Bragg"s army was advancing by forced marches on 
Cincinnati. 

Gov. Tod issued a proclamation in September, 1862, calling upon the cit- 
izens of Ohio to rally to the defense of Cincinnati. He said : - Our Southern 
border is threatened with invasion. I therefore recommend that all loyal men 
form themselves into military companies to beat back the enemy at all points he 
may attempt to invade the State."" In response td this call, two companies went 
from Union County, aggregating about one hundred men in all, manv of them old 
and gray-headed, prominent among whom was the Rev. B. D. Evans, a ver}- intel- 
ligent old Welshman and Presbyterian minister of Jerome Township. They 
went with their shot-guns, rifies, powder horns and shot pouches ; -they responded 
glorioush' to the call for the defense ot Cincinnati, and you should acknowledge 
publicly this gallant conduct," said Gov. Tod in a dispatch to the Secretary of War. 
These men were denominated "Squirrel Hunters." and were, by act of Legislature, 
siven honorable discharges. 



MILITARY RECORD. 44 9 

During the winter of 1862-63, a law was passed by the Ohio Legislature, 
organizing the militia so as to drill the entire militia force of the State, Including 
ever}- able-bodied man between the age of eighteen and fort3'-flve. to be armed, 
uniformed and equipped so as to be instantly available In case of Invasion. This 
was the nucleus of the •• National Guards of Ohio," the next year to be thrown Into 
the field on two days' notice. 35,000 one hundred days' men. Under this law, 
3,631 militia were enrolled in this county ; below we give the election of officers 
in these companies, so far as can be learned: 

Paris Township. p]ast District. — Captain, L. .Sellers ; First Lieutenaut, Leo- 
nard Geer ; Second Lieutenant, G. A. Fox. West District. — Captain, W. H. Doll ; 
First Lieutenant, W. P. Welsh ; Second Lieutenant, Robert Snodgrass. 

Leesburg Township, Southern District. — Captain, A. E. Rosencranz ; First 
Lieutenant, P. Hildreth ; Second Lieutenant. A. Konkle. 

Jerome Township. — Captain, J. lowing; Flnst Lieutenant. T. KlUberrj- ; Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, D. G. Robinson. 

Darby Township. — Captain, George Stan-; First Lieutenant, J. G. Homes- 
ker; Second Lieutenant, D. Marquis. 

Dover Township. — Captain, Samuel McAllister : First Lieutenant, James 
Briggs ; Second Lieutenant, W. B. Harriott. 

Jackson Township. — Captain, J. M. Baldwin ; P'irst Lieutenant, C. W. Bur- 
goon ; Second Lieutenant, G. S. Robinson. 

Washington Township. — Captain, Jehu Grey ; First Lieutenant, H. Toby ; 
Second Lieutenant. Daniel Miller. 

Taylor Township. — Captain, William Folk ; First Lieutenant, S. Graham; Sec- 
ond Lieutenant, H. Thompson. 

Claibourne Township. — Captain, Joseph Swart* ; First Lieutenant, T. M. 
Betl ard ; Second Lieutenant, Y. Collier. 

The large number of men recruited during the summer and fall of 1862, were 
immediately thrown into the field, without any experience in camp life or drill, 
and these men suffered very much during the severe winter. At no other period 
during the war did so many soldiers of Union County die of disease and exposure 
in the same length of time. Among the heaviest sufferers were the soldiers of 
the Ninety-sixth and the One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiments. 

Under the call in June, 1863, for six months' regiments, this county sent one 
company, which was assigned to the Eighty-sixth Regiment. It entered the field 
in August, took part in the campaign after John Alorgan, and was then ordered to 
Cumberland Gap, Ky.. where it operated until the expiration of its term of 
service. 

Many recruits were sent from the county during the summer of 1863 to the 
old regiments, but no other full companies were raised that year. 

The next enlistments in which the county figured prominently was that in 
which the citizens at home had but little to do : this was the veteran enlistment 
of the old regiments in the field that had gone out under the first call in 1861. 
" Their terms of enlistment were expiring long before the great campaign to which 
they were looking forward should be ended." Their ranks were thinned by serv- 
ice on the field of battle, in the camp and in the hospitals. These soldiers knew 
what war was. with all its horrors ; yet they, with a patriotism never before or 
afterward equaled during the war, stood b}- the flag and again enlisted for - three 
years or during the war." This gave a new inspiration to the recruiting serv'ice. 
More than 20,000 veterans re-enlisted, and when they came home on their thirty 
days' furlough, their decimated ranks were rapidly filled up by new recruits, and 
a thrill of patriotism swept over all the land. The first regiment to re-enlist was 
the Sixty-sixth, which was soon followed by the Thirteenth, Thirtieth, Thirty-first, 
Thirty-second, Fifty -fourth and P^ighty-second and the First Ohio Cavalry. 

During the winter of 186::>-64, these veterans were honored, feasted and 
toasted by almost every family in the county, and they had never felt until then 



450 UNION COUNTY 

how "warm was the oratitudo of these loyal men. women and children at home 
for the boys who were liohtuiii; the battles of the great war." Many men enlisted 
from the connty in these old retiiments, which returneil to the tield in the early 
spring. with fnll companies antl with renewed devotion to the cause of the Union. 

In the spring of 18G-i, it seemed that the critical point in the war was ap- 
proaching. Great armies were in the field, all preparing for a forward movement. 
The Army of the Potomac, uniler Grant, was preparing for the campaign of the 
Wilderness ; the Army of the West was active, and Sherman, with his grand army 
in Georgia was about to attack the well-guarded works of the rebel army in the 
center ; that was to prove a bloody summer's campaign. 

It was at this critical period that the National Guard, or " Hundred Days' 
Men," were called out to man the forts, that all the veterans might march to the 
front for the great struggle of the bloody battle summer of 1804 ; 30,000 of 
Ohios Guard went into camp in one day in response to the call of the Governor. 
Union County contributed to this number three full companies that were assigned 
to the One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Regiment Ohio National Guards, and several 
detaclimeuts for other regiments. Quoting from a newspaper of that date : 

•• Fortunate was it for the country that the Governor of Ohio held in his hand 
this reserved thunderbolt of war. The crisis of the rebellion was upon us. Tiie 
rebel foe was insolent and sanguine. The}- were gathering their whole militar\' 
power and preparing to hurl it upon the Union columns in one deadly and decisive 
conflict. The hearts of all brave men throbbed in unwonted anxiety as they 
looked upon the formidable array of rebel hosts. They saw that the impending 
conflict must speedily occur. They knew that failure to our arms would be an 
inexpressible disaster to the National cause ; and all wanted the assurance of our 
success made doubly sure l5y giving additional strength to our armies in the field. 
To render that strength otfective, it must be added at once. The exigency per- 
mitted of no delayr The re-enforcements must come then, or their coming would 
be useless for the critical moment of the campaign. It was at this moment of 
public anxiety — a moment pregnant with the Nations future — that Gov. Brough 
sent forth the reserved power of thirty-five thousand brave and gallant National 
Guards. At the very moment when most needed, the Ohio arm}' stepped into 
the placj of veterans and thereby enabled the Government to send that many 
veterans forward to sustain Gen. Grant's advancing columns. Our State mili- 
tia organization was made the means for meeting the emergency ; and most 
uobly and gallantly did the members of that organization respond to the call of 
the Governor." 

In response to the call in July, 1SG4, for one year regiments, two companies 
were organized in the county, and were assigned as Companies B and C, of the 
One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Regiment Oliio Volunteer Infantry ; and under 
the last call, in December, 1804, for 20,000 men to fill the last quota of Ohio, one 
company was recruited for the one year service, which was assigned as Company 
B of the One Hundred and Eighty-seventh Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. 

This was the last company recruited in the county, and it entered the field in 
February, 1805. 

Many of these soldiers were lads thirteen or fourteen years of age when the 
war began, but now they had grown to manhood, and went forth to take the places 
of their fathers and brothers who had fallen upon the field of battle or died of 
wounds and disease. Thus ITnion County responded to ever}' call, from the first 
gun at Fort Sumter to the sounding of the re-call at Appomattox Court House 
in 1805. Every quota was filled, and at the end of the war Union County stood 
eleven ahead of her (piotaon the last call, as shown by the records in the Adjutant 
General's otfice. 

Her loyal citizens at home stood by the soldiers in the field, by contrib- 
uting money by thousands of dollars for the relief of soldiers' families and 
by relief societies to give aid and comfort to the wounded, sick and sufiering sol- 
diers in the field. 



MILITARY UECOllD. 451 

Ah, the history of this worl< of love and devotion of the mothers, wives, sis- 
ters and sweethearts never can be written ! We can only get a glimpse of it; for 
who can tell of their anxiety or of the many weary and wakeful nights as they 
watched and prayed for their loved ones, many of whom were never to return. 
The tender, sad memories of the war, speak to all more eloquently than can be 
written on the page of history, as they sweetly and pathetically remind us how the 
mothers and women of the land, touched by the fires of patriotism, bade their 
sons gird on the armor of their country; how, through the long and bitter years 
of the war, their faith was unbroken and their loyalty was firm; and how, when 
their dear ones were borne home cold and lifeless, they, like the Spartan mothers, 
" thanked God that their boys had died that their country might live." 

"The wife wlio girds her husband's sword, 

'Mid little ones who weep or wonder, 
And bravely speaks the cheering word— 

What though her heart be rent asunder? 
Doom'd nightly in her dreams to hear 

The bolts of death around him rattle, 
Hath shed as sacred blood as e'er 

Was pour'd upon a field of battle! 

"The mother who conceals her grief 

While to her breast her son she presses. 
Then breathes a few brave words and brief. 

Kissing the patriot brow she blesses, 
With no one but her secret God 

To know the pain that w^eighs upon her 
Sheds holj^ blood as e'er the sod 

Received on Freedom's field of honor!" 

The record of the war is not complete without the history is written of the 
part borne by our loyal women. How much we owe to their love, care and en- 
couragement for all we have achieved; and how we strive in all the laudable am- 
bitions of life to win their smiles of approval. 

In these few pages, the services of the soldiers of Union Count}" have been 
but briefly sketched, and ma}^ we not, in this brief retrospect of a few of the great 
results of the war, justl}' congratulate ourselves as soldiers that we have borne a 
part, however humble our position, in the accomplishment of that " great and 
mighty drama of a nation preserved?" And it is not taking to ourselves an}- un- 
merited honors, either for our patriotism or for our services; but we can say truly, 
■without the charge of egotism, that the soldiers of this county did their duty, 
honestly, faithfully and patriotically, in the day of our Nation's peril. Almost 
twenty years have passed awa} since the close of the war, and when peace spread 
her mantle over the land, the ranks of the army melted away like the smoke of 
battle. The soldiers laid aside their uniforms as quickly as they had donned them 
when the first drum-beat sounded " to arms !" and soon took their places in the 
busy marts of industry and the peaceful avocations of life. 

A million soldiers laying down their arms after four years of sanguinary war, 
and quietly taking their places in the civil walks of life without any unusual com- 
motion, was a sublime spectacle upon which all civilized nations looked with won- 
der and admiration. These were the volunteer soldiers of a free country. 

The .soldiers of Union County were no exception to this rule, and the boys 
of twenty years ago have become the good and substantial citizens of to-day. 
The " good soldier is the good citizen," and in all the positions of life they bear 
themselves as becomes brave and gallant soldiers of the Republic. They are 
found as farmers, merchants, in the counting-room, in the halls of legislation and 
in places of honor and trust all over the land. 

From disease contracted and from wounds received during their service, the 
soldiers are falling rapidly, one by one — falling by the wayside, comrades of all 
ranks passing away. 



452 



UNION COUNTY 



" A chosen corps thej^ are marching on 
In a wider field than ours; 
We shall meet and greet with closing ranks 
In time's declining scenes, 
When the bugles of God shall sound recall 
And the battle of life is won." 

And as one by one our comrades are mustered out of life's service, let us 
cherish more warmly each succeeding year the memor\' of their services, and as 
our heads are bowed and sprinkled with the frosts of many winters, let us be 
bound more closely by that friendship formed during our service on the march and 
in the camp, and " welded in the fire of battle;" and let us not forget the widows 
and orphans of our late comrades. They are the wards of the nation; let us 
" guard them with a jealous eye," and keep them in our fostering care, for no man 
can give better proof of devotion to friend or country than that he will " lay down 
his life for them." 



ROSTER. 



ji^:B:B:R:Ei'\rxj^Ti:(Di<rs 



Adjt Adjutant 

Art Artillery 

Bat Battalion 

Coi Colonel 

Capt Captain 

Corp Corporal 

com comraission&d 

cav cavalry 

disc discharged 

e enlisted 

Gen General 



inf. infantry 

Lieut Lientenant 



Maj. 



, Major 



Regt I Regiment 

re-e re-enlisted 

TVS resigned 

Sergt Sergeant 

trans tninaferred 

vet veteran 

wd wounded 



FIRST OHIO INFANTRY. 

The First Ohio was organized in April, 1861, 
for three months' service, under Col. Alexan- 
der ]\I. McCook; it served near Washington 
City, in Schenck's brigade, lie-organized for 
three years' servi< e in Aiuust, ISrtl, under 
Col. Benjamin F. Smith, it served under Buell, 
at Shiloh; with Rosecrans, at IStono River and 
Chickamauga; with Grant at Jlission Ridge 
and with Sherman on the Atlanta campaign. 

The regiment was mustered out October 14, 
18G4. During its term of service, the First 
Ohio was engaged in twenty-four battles and 
skirmishes, and lost 527 officers and men. It 
saw its first battle at Pittsburg Landing, and 
closed its career in front of Athinta. It marched 
2,500 miles, and was transported bj' car and 
steamboat 950 niiles. 

COMPANY K. 

Thompson, M. L., e. February 2:i, 1804, disc. June 6, 
1865. 

SECOND OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment served in the three months' 
campaign near Washington City, under Col. 
Lewis Wilson, and was organized for three 
years' service in Augu:-;t and September, 1861. 
under Col. Leonard A. Harris. It oper.ited with 



Gen. Buell s army in Kentucky; with Gen. 
Rosecrans, at Stone River and Chickamauga, 
and with Siierman on the Atlanta Cajiipaign. 

The Second Ohio lost seveiely in battle, hav- 
ing 111 killed and 425 wounded: and after 
thirty-eight months of active service, it was 
mustered out and honorably discharged at Co- 
himbus, Oltio, in August, 1864. 

COMP.VNY A. 

Sergeant S. B. Price, e. August 2u, 1861, disc. October 10, 

1864. Wounded 
Corporal 0. M. Winget, e. August 24, 1861, killed at 

Stone River, December 31, 1862. 
Fritz, Michael, e. August 24, 18C1, died in hospital at 

Nashville, Tenn., September 10, 1SG2. 

COMPANY C. 

Sells, J. M., e. August 2o, 1861, disc. June 10, 1864. 

COMPANY E. 

Robinson, \V. R., e. September 23, 1861, disc. 1864. 

COMPANY K. 

Chapman, James, e. April, 1861; wounded. 
Doudna, George, e. July 25, 1861, disc. 18G4. 
Doudna, Benjamin, e. July 25, 1861, disc. May, 1865. 
Musician C. L. Wiuget. 

THIRD OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Third Ohio was organized for three 
mouths' service, April 16, 1861, and for three 
years. May 3, 1861, under Col. Isaac Morrow 



MILITARY RECORD. 



453 



It served under Gen. McClellan, in West Vir- 
ginia, with Gen. Mitchell, in Kentucky and 
Tennessee, and with Gen. Rosecrans, at Stone 
River. 

In the spring of 1863, the Third Ohio took 
part in the celebrated raid of Col. Streight, 
whose command was captured by Forest on the 
3d of May and taken to Belle Isle. The men 
were soon after exchanged, but the officers were 
incarcerated in Libby Prison. 

The regiment did good service in Tennessee 
during 1863, and until mustered out, June 23, 
1864. 

COMPANY B. 

Demoreat, John P., e. June 13, 1861, wonnded at Perry- 
ville, Ky., October 8, 1862, disc. March 5, 1863. 

COMPANY D. 

Corporal George Hoss, e. June 11, 1861, disc. June 21, 1864. 
Wingfield, William, e. April 14, 1861, wounded at Perry- 

ville, Ky., October 8, 1862, disc. June 21, 1864. 
Wingfield, Samuel, e. June 11, 1861, disc. June 21, 1864. 

COMPANY F. 

Turner, John, e. June 15, 1861, disc. August, 1864. 

COMPANY H. 

McPherson, Robert H., e. August, 1862, disc. 1865. 
Smith, Thomas F., e. June 13, 1861, disc. June 21, 1864. 

COMPANY K. 

Corporal S. H. Woodruff, e. July, 1861, died at Perryville, 
Ky., October 9, 1862, of wounds received October 8, 1862. 



FOURTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Fourth Ohio was organized on the 25th 
of April, 1861, for three months' service, under 
Col. Lorin Andrews. A few weeks later, when 
the President called for three years' men, the 
majority of this regiment was mustered in for 
three years' service, on the 5th of June, 1861. 
It took the field under McClellan in West Vir- 
ginia, and was present at the battle of Rich 
Mountain, though not actively engaged. On 
the 7th of September, three companies, A, F 
and K, were engaged in a skirmish at Peters- 
burg, Va., and captured a large quantity of 
provisions and a number of prisoners. On the 
24th, six companies proceeded to Piomney, and 
after a sharp encounter drove the enemy from 
that place. The regiment lost on this occasion 
thirty-two men wounded. Col. Andrews having 
died, John S. Mason was made Colonel and as- 
sumed command on the 14th of October. The 
Fourth then marched to New Creek, where it 
joined Gen. Kelly's command and moved on 
the rebels at Romney and Blue Gap, capturing 
' all the camp equipage, several pieces of artil- 
lery and many prisoners. The regiment was 
transferred to the Army of the Potomac and 
served in the Peninsula camptiign. In Decem- 
ber it was engaged in the battle of Fredericks- 
burg, losing five officers and forty-three men, 
out of the 115 engaged. From this time until 
the movement upon Chancellorsville, the Fourth 
remained quietly in camp, near Falmouth. On 
the 3d of May it was actively engaged, captur- 
ing a stand of colors and over 100 prisoners. 
The regiment lost in this affair seventy-eight 
killed and wounded out of the 352 engaged. In 



July it participated in the battle of Gettys- 
burg, Penn., with a loss of three officers and 
thirty-four men killed and wounded, and after 
the battle followed in pursuit of the retreating 
rebels as far as the Rappahannock; then moved 
to New York to enforce the draft. In Septem- 
ber it proceeded to AVest Virginia and partici- 
pated in the movements of Gen. Grant until its 
term of service had expired. The main part 
of the regiment was mustered out in Septem- 
ber, 1864. Those who had re-enlisted as vet- 
erans were organized into a battalion called 
the Fourth Ohio Battalion, and operated in or 
near Washington D. C., until mustered out at 
the close of the war. 

COMPANY A. 

Bidwell, Benjamin. 

COMPANY B. 

Shirk, Jesse, e. May 10, 1864, disc. July 12, 1865. 

COMPANY U. 

Marsh, Milton, e. April 12, 1861, disc. July 24, 1865. 
Bell, John M., e. February 29, 1864, transferred to Fourth 

Battery, June 5, 1864. 
Beckley," John, e. February 26, 1864, transferred to Fourth 

Battery, June 5, 1864. Wounded. 
Mannasmith, James, e. August 26, 1862, transferred to 

Fourth Battery, June 5, 1864. Wounded in Va., 1864. 

COMPANY I. 

White, Isaac, e. October 1, 1863, killed at Petersburg, Va. 

COMPANY K. 

Carter, J. C, e. June 6, 1861, disc. June 5, 1864. 

Doran, John, e. June 4, 1861, died at Harper's Ferrv, Va., 

March 9, 1863. 
Filler, Frank M., e. June 6, 1861, disc. February 1, 1864. 

(Enlisted in three months' service April 17, 1861.) 
Kile, VV. W., e. June 5, 1861, disc. December 13, 1862. 
Smith, George W.,e. June 4, 1861, disc. February 14, 1864. 
Tanner, Joseph. 

SIXTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized April 18, 1861, 
for three months' service, and June 18, 1861, 
for three years' service, under Col. W. K. 
Bosley. It entered the field in West Virginia., 
took part in the battle of Shiloh and in all the 
operations before Corinth. It was engaged in 
the battles of Stone River and Chickamauga 
and in the assault upon Mission Ridge. It 
was mustered out June 23, 1864. 

COMPANY B. 

Adams, James, e. April, 1861, disc. June 23, 1864. 

COMPANY E. 

Malone, James, e. April, 1861, disc. June 23, 1864. 

COMPANY F. 

Dean, James, e. April, 1861. Killed. 
McClurg, John, e. June 18, 1861, disc. July, 1864 

SEVENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Seventh Ohio Infantry was organized 
April 30, 1861, for three months' service, and 
July 25 for three years. It served in West 
Virginia until December and was then trans- 
ferred to the Army of the Potomac. It 
participated in the battles of Antietam, Chan- 
cellorsville. Lookout Mountain and Resaca. 
Its term of service having expired, it was 
mustered out July 8, 1864. 



454 



UNION COUNTY 



COMPANT C. 

Mulery, Thorn V9 L., o. Juno, 1861. Woin.led at Harpoi'^ 
Ferry, Va., disc. 1864. 

COMPANY I). 

Johnson, James, o. November, 186:?, disc, i^gust. 1865. 
EIGHTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was orjcanized May 2, 1861, 
for three months' service, ami Juno 26 for 
three years' service. It was engaged in the 
battles of Cedar Creek, Winchester, Port Royal, 
South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, 
Chincellorsville and Gettysburg. It, partici- 
pated in Grant's movements in the Wilderness 
and was witiidrawn from the trenches at Peters- 
burg to be mustered out July 18, 1864. 



COMPANY c. 



Curry, David. 



TENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Tenth Ohio Infantry was a three months' 
organization, but before half of its time ex- 
pired it volunteered for three years' service, 
and was mustered in on the od of June, 1861. 
It operated in West Virginia under McClellan 
and Rosecrans, and in Kentucky under Gen. 
Mitchell. It was in the engagements at Perry- 
ville and Stone River, and with Gen. Thomas 
was present at Mission Ridge, Buzzard's 
Roost, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca and as far in 
the Atlanta campaign as Kingston, wlien its 
term of service expired. It was mustered out 
iu June, 1864. 

COMPANY I!. 

Lieutenant W. M. Hayrten, e. May 7, 1861, disc. June 17, 
1865. 

COMPANY C. 

Urten, Thomas, e. May 7, 1861. Died. 

COMPANY D. 

Mattex, J. A., e. May 7, 1861, disc. June 17, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Sergeant J. P. Martin, e. 1862, disc. 1865. 

ELEVENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in April, 1861, 
for three months' service, and June 20, for three 
years. It took part in the battles of Bull Run, 
South Mountain, Antietam, Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge and Buzzard's Roost. 

The regiment was mustered out June 21, 
1864. 

COMPANY C. 

Benedict, Harrison, e. June 20, 1861, disc. June 21,1864. 
Baughmau, Anson, e. December 9, 1861, disc. April 1, 
1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Irwin, John II , e. June 20, 1861, disc. June 21, 1864. 
TWBIFTII OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized May 3, 1861, for 
three months' service, and June 28, for three 
years. 

It served in West Virginia until the sum- 
mer of 1862, when it joined the Army of 
the Potomac, and took part in the battles of 
Bull Run, South Mountain and Antietam. It 



joined the forces under Hunter, and partici- 
pateil in the expedition to Lynchburg. Then 
returned to Columbus, Ohio, and was mustered 
out July 11, 1864. 

COMPANY D. 

Reif, J. F., e. June 15, 1861, disc. July 11, 1864. 
THIRTEENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

On Tuesday, the 15th day of April, 1861, 
the citizens of Marysville held a large and en- 
thusiastic meeting at the court house, for the 
purpose of an ox{)ression of sentiment and of 
calling lor volunteers. 

Resolutions expressing fidelity to the Union 
were adopted by a unanimous affirmation. Im- 
mediately after the adjournment of the meet- 
ing, the crowd re-assembled in front of the- 
court house and, after hoisting the glorious old 
'•star spangled banner'' amid the cli«ers of the 
multitude, a call was made for volunteers, 
when about thirty men steppetl into the ranks, 
the number soon after being increased to sev- 
enty-five by accessions from other parts of the 
county. 

On the 2-'')th, the organization of the company 
was completed, J. G. Hawkins having been 
elected t-aptain, M. C. Lawrence, First Lieu- 
tenant, and J. Slocum, Second Lieutenant; and 
after receiving a handsome flag, presented by 
IVHss Mary Coe, in behalf of the ladies ot the 
town, the company proceeded to Columbus and 
was assigned as Company D, of the Thirteenth 
Ohio Infantry, which was organized on the 30th 
of April, 1861, for three months' service. 

Capt. J. G. Hawkins was promoted to Major 
of the regiment, Lieut. Slocum was elected Cap- 
tain to fill the vacancy occasioned by Capt. 
Hawkins' promotion, and R. R. Henderson was 
promoted to Sergeant Major in the Regimental 
Staft". 

On the re-organization of the Thirteenth for 
three years' service, J. Slocum was commis- 
sioned Captain; J. D. Smith, First Lieutenant, 
and C. P. Cavis, Second Lieutenant, of Com- 
pany F, recruited at Marysville. And Maj. 
Hawkins was soon promoted to LieuteuantCol- 
onel, then to Colonel of his regiment. 

Company F soon became one of the best drilled 
and disciplined in the regiment. In a report 
of the b.ittle of Shiloh, one of the regimental of- 
ficers made the following statement: " No other 
company was more conspicuous during the 
action than Company F. Their cool bravery 
and steady bearing won for them great cred- 
it." < 

Besides Company F, Union County was rep- 
resented in Companies A, B, C, D, E, G, H and 
I, of this regiment. Of the 160 men from this 
county who enlisted in the Thirteenth Ohio for 
three years' service twenty were killed, seven- 
teen were wounded and twenty-five died of dis- 
ease. 

The Thirteenth Ohio was organized in April, 
1861, under the conmand of A. S. Piatt, as 
Colonel; C. B. ^lason, Lieutenant Colonel, and 
J. G. Hawkins, Mijor. Col. Piatt was soon 
succeeded by Col. W. S. Smith, who was ap- 



MILITARY RECORD. 



455 



pointed Brigadier General of volunteers in May, 
18G2, and (Jol. J. G. llawkinw, of Union Coun- 
ty, assumed commiind of the regiment. 

The months of May and .June were spent in 
drill and discipline at ('amp Dennison, and in 
July the regiment joined Gen. McClellan's 
forces, then operating in Western Virginia. In 
the battle at Carnifex Ferry, September 10, its 
courage and discipline were tested, and not 
found wanting. From this time until the (Jth 
of November, the regiment was encamped at 
Gauley Bridge, having frequent skirmishes 
with the enemy; it then joined the forces in 
pursuit of Gen. Floyd, and participaleil in the 
engagement at Cotton Hill, losingono IcilleJand 
two wounded. 

The rebels having been driven from West 
Virginia, and the National forces withdrawn 
from tliat section, the Thirtcentli went into 
camp near Jefl'ersonville, Ind. 

On the 13th of December, it joined Gen. 
Buell's army in Kentucky, where it remained 
in camp until February, 18(j'J. It formed 
the advance of Buell's forces on Nashville, 
and after stopping to repair an important 
bridge over the (Cumberland, which was dam- 
aged by the enemy in their retreat, arrived at 
Nashville on the 2';th, marched through the 
city, and camped two miles beyond. 

On the lOih of March the regiment was or- 
dered to report to Gen. Crittenden On the 1 0th, 
Companies A and G were detached to assist in 
repairing bridges on the Alabama and Tennes- 
see Rivers, and on April 2, the remaining 
companies, under command of Lieut. Col. 
Hawkins, joined the column on the march to 
re-enforce Gen. Grant at I'iitsburg Landing. 

The scene of action was readied on the (jth, 
and the regiment immediately moved forward 
to meet the foe. In a desperate struggle with 
the Washington Battery, of New Orleans, the 
Thirteenth captured it entire, but only to lose 
it in a charge made by the enemy in larger num- 
bers; later in the day, however, the 'famed 
guns" were again in the possession of the reg- 
iment. 

The enemy having retreated, the Thirteenth 
joined in the investment of Corinth, and 
after the evacuation moved with Buell's army 
in the ulvance upon Chattanooga. On the 21th 
of June, it crossed the T'eniiessee Kiver to 
Florence, Ala.; on July 1, reached Huntsville, 
and on the IGth went into camp at that well- 
known spot, " Battle Creek," where they re- 
mained until August 21, subsisting on half ra- 
tions tlie greater part of the time. 

In the meantime Bragg had left Chattanoo- 
ga, and was on his way to Louisville, Ky., with 
designs on Ohio and Indiana. Then com- 
menced the "never-to-be-forgotten" march of 
the Army of the Ohio. For thirty-six long, 
weary days, the National soldiers labored on 
after the exultant enemy, suffering intensely 
from hunger and thirst, excessive heat and suf- 
focating dust. On the 2f)th of Septemljer, Louis- 
ville was reached, having passed the enemy on 
a parallel road, and after resting a few days, 



the pursuit of Bragg was continued. On the 
30lh of October, Gen. William S. Rosecrans 
was assigned to the command of tlie Army of 
the Ohio, who, on reviewing the Fifth Division, 
December 2, paid a high compliment to the 
Thirteenth, and referred to their gallant service 
in West Virginia. From this time until the 
advance on Murfreesboro, the regiment was 
constantly employed in foraging, picket duty 
and skirmishing. An encounter near Lavergne 
with Wheeler's cavalry resulted in the loss of 
two men killed and several wounded, and one 
officer captured. On the2Gth of December, the 
advance commenced, the enemy withilrawing 
slowly ami fighting as they retreated. On the 
27tli, Lavergne was evacuated, and after resting 
on the 2?ilh (Sunday) the army arrived at 
Stone River on the evening of the 20th. On 
Weilnesday, December;!!, the Thirteenth, un- 
der Col. .1. G. Hawkins, assisted in the rescue 
of a train that was about to be captured by the 
rebel cavalry. A few hours later, the terrible 
but brief struggle commenced, which cost the 
regiment 142 officers and men in killed, wound- 
ed and missing. It was in this engagement 
that (!ol. Hawkins was killed. On January 2, 
1803, the Thirteenth again participated in the 
fighting, and on the morning of th(! 3il, .Mur- 
freesb'>ro was evacuated and t lie enemy retreat- 
ing. During this series of battles, the regiment 
lost 18-') officers and men. 

On June 24, the line of march was re- 
sumed, and the army moved southward. On 
September 9, Chattanooga was reached, and 
the Thirteenth, marching through, encamped 
at llossville, a few miles farther south. It 
took an active part in the battle of Chicka- 
niaug-i, on the 10th an<l 2()th, and on 
the 22d was engaged in a brisk skirmish on 
Mission Ridge, then withdrew to the intrench- 
ments of Cliattanooga, where it remained until 
November 23. In the charge upon Mission 
Ridge, the regiment conducted itself with con- 
spicuous bravery, and, it is claimed, was the 
first to plant its colors on the rebel works. It 
joined the advance to the relief of Knoxville, 
and pursued the enemy across the Holstein 
River to Dandridge, twenty- five miles from the 
North Carolina line, then returned to Knox- 
ville. During tliese marches, the men suffered 
severely from exposure and hunger. In Jan- 
uary, 1864, about three-fourths of the Thir- 
teenth re-enlisted for another three years; and, 
after the furlough home, promptly re-assembled 
at Camp Chase, and returneil in a body to 
Chattanooga. It was assigned to the Third 
Brigade, Tliird Division, Fourth. Corps, of the 
Army of the Cumberland, under the command 
of Maj. Gen. George II. Thomas. 

In May, 1864, the regiment entered upon 
the Atlanta campaign, and after some hard 
shirmisliing gained possession of Tunnel Hill, 
Rocky Face Ridge ami Dalton, driving the 
enemy into the fortifications at Resaca. In 
the assault upon Lost Mountain on the 27th 
of May, the Thirteenth took a prominent part; 
the ammunition failing, the officer in com- 



456 



UNION COUNTY 



mand with his own hands took the cartridges 
from the boxes of the killed and wounded and 
distributed them among his men. 

The forces unable to make any impression on 
the enemy's works, were withdrawn, the regi- 
ment losing on this occasion fifty killed, 
wounded and prisoners. On the 9th of June, 
it went into camp at Acworth, keeping up a 
continuous skirmish with the retreating enemy. 

About this time, the term of enlistment of the 
non-veterans expired and orders were received 
for their transportation to Chattanooga, where 
they were paid off and discharged. The 
veterans of the regiment were consolidated 
into a battalion of four companies, to be called 
the Thirteenth Ohio Veteran Volunteer In- 
fantry Battalion. It participated in the en- 
gagements at Kenesaw, Atlanta, Jonesboro and 
Lovejoy, then went into camp six miles north 
of Atlanta Oa the 4th of October, the battal- 
ion joined in the pursuit of Hood into Ten- 
nessee; encountering the enemy at Franklin, a 
severe struggle ensued in which the National 
troops were again successful. On December 
o, the Thirteenth Battalion entered Nash- 
ville, and from this time until the battles of the 
15th and 16th was constantly engaged in 
skirmishing and picket firing. In the battle 
of the 16th, in a charge made by the Third 
Brigade, the Thirteenth was among the first 
over the works and assisted in the capture of 
tour guns. After the defeat at Nashville, the 
confederate army retreated rapidly and the 
battalion remained quietly in camp at Hunts- 
ville, Ala. 

On the 16th of June, the Thirteenth with 
the Fourteenth corps was ordered to Texas, 
where it remained in service until December 
5, 1865, returning to Ohio it was discharged 
at Columbus January 17, 186^. 

One of the first of the many brave men who 
fell at Stone River, was Col. J. G. Hawkins, on 
whose death the officers of the Thirteenth 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry took the following 
action: 

HEADQUARTERS, THIRTEENTH 0. V. I. 

MuRFREESBORo, Tcun., January 8, 1863. 

At a meeting of the officers of the Thirteenth 
Regiment 0. V. I., convened at the tent of Maj. 
Dwight Jarvis, Jr., commanding, for the pur- 
pose of giving expression to their feelings 
relative to the death of their commander, Col. 
Joseph G. Hawkins, the following preamble 
and resolutions were adopted, viz.: 

Whereas, By the decrees of Divine Provi- 
dence, Col. Joseph G. Hawkins has been 
snatched from us while nobly leading his men 
in battle. 

Resolved, That in the death of Col. Hawkins, 
his country has lost one of its noblest defend- 
ers, whilst his regiment has to mourn the loss 
of its noblest officer. Energetic in action, 
prompt, determined, quick to seize the favora- 
ble moment, he was ever ready for the emer- 
gency, and to him this regiment is mainly 
indebted for whatever efficiency it may now 
claim. Col. Hawkins' character exhibited the 



1:} 



best traits of the Christian soldier; self-sacrific- 
ing but firm. There was no compromising 
wrong with him. " I will do right as far as I 
know," was his favorite maxim, and we are 
here this day to testify that his life was an 
exemplification of this lule and that we mourn 
his loss as a father and a friend. In the 
strength of his manhood, he died in the very 
front of the battle. The liero's death was his 
and his deeds will live after him in the hearts 
of a grateful people. 

Resolved, That in view of the high estima- 
tion we entertain for the character of our late 
beloved commander, the committee on resolu- 
tions be authorized to contract for and have 
erected a suitable monument over his remains. 

Resolved, That the usual badge of mourning 
be worn for thirty days. 

Resolved, That we tender to the wife and 
family of the deceased our heartfelt sympathy. 

Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions 
be forwarded to them and that the same be 
published. 

Capt. J. L. Snider. 
Lieut. T. J. Jones and 
Lieut. S. W. McCulloch, 

Committee. 

Dwight Jaevis, Jr., Ex Officio Chairman. 

Ad.jt. p. B. George, Secretary. 

thirteenth OHIO INFANTRY (tHREE MON THS). 

COMPANY D. 

Major J. G. Hawkins, e. April 25, 1861. 
Captain Jtremiah Slocuni, e. April 25, 1861. 
First Lieutenant M. C. Lawrence, e. April 25, 1861. 
Ensign D. S. Hartsliorn, e. April 25, 1861. 
First Sergeant Joseph U. Guthrie, e. April 25, 1861. 
Sergent John B. Gladden, e. April 25,1861. 
Sergeant James W. G. Simmons, e. April 25, 1861. 
Sergeant Charles P.Cavis, e. April 25, 1861. 
Corporal James S. Alexander, e. April 25, 1861. 
Corporal James M. Cassil, e. April 25, 1861. 
Corporal Emery Malin, e. April 25, 1861. 
Corporal J. G. turiiiT, e. April 25, 1861. 
Irwin, C. L., e. April 25, 1861. 
Drummer John E. Bartram, e. April 25, 1861. 
Fifer Grafton Downer, e. April 25, 1861. 
Brewster, James, e. April 25, 1861. 
Bancroft, William, e. April 25, 1861. 
Beard, John, e. April 25, 1861. 
Botkins, William C, e. April 25, 1861. 
Brooks, William C, e. .\pril 25, 1861. 
Bain, James D.,e. April 25, 1861. 
Brown, .Jacob W., e. April 25, 1861, 
Brown, L. D., e. April 25, 1861. 
Culver, Ebenener, e. Ai>ril 25, 1861. 
Culver, Leander,e. April 25, 1861. 
Cobb, Abraham, e. April 2.i, 1861. 
Cooney, William T., e. April 25, 1861. 
Clark, A. I ,e. April 25, 1861. 
Clark, John R., e. April 25, 1861. 
Cullumber, J. F., e. April 25, 1861. 
Courtwright, J. R., e. April 25, 1861. 
Doughty, S. L., e. April 2,5, 1861. 
Draper, Gideon, e. April 26, 1861. 
Draper, John, e. April 25, 1861. 
Draper, Henry H., e. April 25, 1861. 
Eaton, Charles B., e. April 25, 1861. 
Fields, Felix, e. April 25, 1861. 
Ferguson, A. J., e. April 25, 1861. 
Grow, Samuel, e. April 25,1861. 
Geer, Leonard, e. April 25, 1861. 
Glasscock, William P., e. April 25, 1861. 
Glasscock, A C, e. April 25, 1861. 
Gray, John H., e. April 25, 1861. 
Glass, Thomas, o. April 25, 1861. 
Homes, David C, e. April 25, 1861. 

Hurley, C. C, e. April 25, 1861, died at Camp Dennison, 
June 13, 1861. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



451 



Heasley, William P., e. April 25, 1861. 
Henderson, R. R., e. April 25, 1861. 
Hamilton, Silas N., e. April 25, 1861. 
Horney, John M., e. April 25, 1861. 
Benson, E. J., e. April 25, 1861. 
Heninger, A. B., e. April 25, 1861. 
Harper, Elisha, e. April 25, 1861. 
Hale, Jasjier, e. April 25, 1861. 
Herriott, John E., e. April 25, 1861. 
Johnson, Silas L., e. April 25, 1861. 
Jackson, Daniel J., e. April 25, 1861. 
KerineUy, Harvey B., e. April 25, 1861. 
Lansdown, Harrison, e. April 25, 1861. 
Marks, Andrew M., e. April 25, 1861. 
Miller, John, e. April 25, 1861. 
McAdow, John C, e. April 25, 1861. 
Martin, Luther, e. April 26, 1861. 
Messer, Benjamin, e. April 25, 1861. 
Marsh, Randolph C, e. April 25, 1861. 
Marsh, B. C, e. April 25, 1861. 
Mulvane, Calvin, e. April 25, 1861. 
Mather, Thomas J., e. April 25, 1861. 
MagKS, James F., e. April 25, 1861. 
Nowell, John A. W., e. April 25, 1861. 
Peck, Uriah W., e. April 25, 1861. 
Pyers, Stephen H., e. April 25, 1861. 
Rossell, John, e. April 25, 1861. 
Rice, Francis M., e. April 25,1861. 
Robinson, John S.,e. April 25, 1861. 
Roberts, George, e. April 25, 1861. 
Sabin, Lorenzo, e. April 25, 1861. 
Sherwood, Zebediah, e. April 25, 1861. 
Snodgrass, Delmore, e. April 25, 1861. 
Simmons, H. M., e. April 25, 1861. 
Smith, Andrew J., e. April 25, 1861. 
Siler, Charies H , e. April 25, 1861. 
Turner, William, e. April 25, 1861. 
Thompson, Cyrus, e. April 25, 1861. 
Trout, Abraham, e. April 25, 18G1. 
Vining. Jonas II., e. April 25, 1861. 
Weber, Christian W., e. April 25, 1861. 
Wood, Harvey S., e. April 25, 1861. 
Wilson, William H., e. April 25, 1861. 
Wilson, R. L., e. April 25, 1861. 
Wolford, H. S., e. April 25, 1861. 
Woodard, Homer, e. April 25, 1861. 
Whelpley, Abraham, e. .\pril 25,1861. 
Wolford, M. T , e. April 25, 1861. 



THIKTEENTH OHIO INFANTRY (tHREE-TEARS 

organization). 

Colonel J. G. Hawkins, e. April, 1861, killed at Stone 

River, December 31, 1862. 
Surgeon J. W. Smith, e. October, 1862, resigned April, 

1S63. 

COMPANY A. 

Doty, T C, e. October 17, 1861, wounded at Mission 
Ridge, Tenn.,1862. Taken prisoner at Perryville, Ky., 
disc. October 17, 1864. 

COMPANY B. 

Holycross, Lester, e. September, 1861, died at Atlanta, Ga., 
1864. 

COMPANY C. 

Prime, Martin, e. June 5. 1863, disc. January 13, 1866. 
Safford, W. A., e. January, 1864, disc. December, 1865. 

COMPANY D. 

Sergeant T. C. Marshall, e. August 13, 1862, disc. October 
13, 1865. 

Corporal Solomon Gay, e. 1861, killed at Stone River, 
Tenn., December 31, 1862. 

Andrews, Anson, e. June 21, 1861, died in hospital at 
Grafton. Va., September 12, 1863. 

Beck, William M., killed at Mission Ridge, Ga., Novem- 
ber, 1863. 

Bowdre, Benjamin F., e. June 5, 1861, disc. August 4 
1862. 

Beam, G., e. August 15, 1861. Died. 

Cole, M. S. 

Dean, James, e. April, 1861, killed at Chickamauga, 
Term., September 20, 1863. 

Hornbeck, C, e. June 22, 1861. Died. 

Hark, Eugene, e. June 22, 18C1. 

Holycross, A. M., e. June 22, 1861, disc. 1861. 

McEldary, Joseph, died in hospital at Parkersburg. 



Miller, J, C, e. 1862, lost on steamer Sultana, above Vicks- 
burg. Miss. 

Miller, D. D., e. June 22, 1861, taken prisoner at Mission 
Ridge. E.xchauged and burned to death on vessel 
loaded with Union prisoners near Buford, N. C, 1865 . 

Melching, A. 

Strong. S., e. June 22, 1861. 

Tarbox, M., e June 22, 1861. Died at home. 

Weaver, Samuel, e. August 23, 1862, died at home June 
10, 1865. 

Weaver, Adam, e. August 23, 1862, disc. September 12, 
1863. Wounded at Stone River 

Wooly, David, e. June 22, 1861, killed at Lookout Moun- 
tain, Tenn., November 24, 1863. 

Yarrington, Isaac, e. June 22, 1861, died at Franklin 
Ky., 18G2. 

COMPANY E 

Crist, A. B., e. September, 1861, died at Corinth, Miss.. 

June, 1802. 
Robinson, J. S.,e. April, 1861, disc. October, 1861. 

COMPANY F. 

Captain J. D. Smith, e. June 5, 1861, resigned November 

28, 1862. Died at home.December 5, 1863. 
Captain J. C. Slocum, e. June 5, 1861, disc. October, 1861. 
First Lieutenant Joseph Coe, e. June 5, 1861, disc. Febu- 

ary 8, 1864. 
First Lieutenant Emery Malin, e. April, 1861. 
Second Lieutenant Joseph K. Guthrie, e. June 5, 1861, 

resigned December 25, 1862. 
Second Lieutenant C P. Cavis, e. June 5, 1861, resigned 

January 3, 1862. 
Sergeant D. W. Courtney, e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1864. 
Sergeant E. M. Griffith, e. June 5, 1861, disc. December 

25, 1865. 
Sergeant James H. Neal, e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1864. 

Taken prisoner at Stone River, died at home. 
Sergeant J. G. Simmons, e. June 5, 1861. Wounded at 

Stone River. 
Sergeant J. G. Turner, e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1864. 
Corporal James Brewster, e. June 5, 1861. 
Corporal J. M. Cassil, e. June 5, 1861. 
Corporal William P. Heasley, e. June 5, 1861. Died. 
Corporal Silas Kimball, e. June 5,1861. Killed at Shiloh, 

Tenn., April 7, 1862. 
Corporal Daniel Rutan, e. June 5, 18f 1. 
Corporal L. Sabine, e. April, 1861, disc. June, 1864. 
Corporal C. H. Siler, e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1864. 
Corporal Z. Sherwood, e. June 5, 1861. 
Corporal Cyrus Thompson, e. June 5, 1861. Died at 

Tuscumbia, Ala., June 23, 1862. 
Corporal Edward Turner, e. June 5, 1861, disc. July 2, 

1864. 
Corporal .\braham Whelpley, e. June 5, 1861, disc. June 

2, 1864. 
Musician J. B. Bartram, e. June 5, 1861. 
Musician James W. Brown. Wounded at Atlanta, Ga. 
Andrews, H. D. e. August, 1861, disc. 1865. 
Alexander, James S., e. June 5, 1861. 
Alden, U. S., e. June 5, 18G1, disc. June 26, 1864. 
B.udre, B. F., June 5, 1861, disc. July 20, 1864. 
Bolenbaugh, David, e. June 5, 1861. 
Brooks, William, e. June 5, 1861. Killed at Stone River, 

Tenn., December 31, 1862. 
Blake, Jesse, e. June 5, 1861. 
Ballon, George W., e. 1862, disc. 1865. Wounded at Stone 

River, Tenn., December 31, 1862. 
Bonnett, Nelson, e. June 5, 1861. Killed at Stone River, 

Tenn., December 31, 1862. 
Boudre, George W., e. June 5, 1861. 
Bain, David, e. June 5, 1861. 

Conklin, W. J. e,. June 5, 1861, disc. June 26, 1864. 
Collumber, Joseph, e. June 5, 1861. Died in hospital at 

Louisville. Ky.. 1864. 
Culver, Ebenezer, e. April 5, 1861, disc. July, 1864. 
Child, Isaac, e. June 5, 1861. Killed at New Hope 

Church, Ga., June 27, 1864. 
Clark, A. J., e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1864. Wounded 

at Stone River. 
Cassil, I). G., e. June 5, 1861. Died in Missouri. 
Clark, David, C, e. June 5, 1861, disc. 1865. Wounded 

and taken prisoner at Stone liiver. 
Downer, Gratton, e. June 5, 1861. Killed at Stone River, 

Tenn., Decmber 31, 1862. 
Doty, bamuel, e. June 5, 1861, disc. December, 1865. 
draper, Riley, e. June 5, 1861. Killed at New Hope 

Church, Ga., May 27, 1864. 
Draper, John, e. April! >, 1861, disc. June, 1865. Wounded 

at Missouri Ridge. 



458 



UNION COUNTY 



Draper, Gideon, e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1865. 

Draper, B., e June 5, 1861. 

Elliott, Felix, e. June 5, 1S61. 

Katoii, Cliailes, e. June 5, 1861. Died. 

Ford, Franklin, e. June 5, 1861, disc. July 1, 1864. 

Farnliam, William 11., e. June 5, 1861. 

Fritz, Wicliael, Died at Atlanta, Ga. 

Fields. Felix, e. June 6, 1861. Killed at Shiloh, Tenn., 

April, 1802. 
Foote, A. H., e. June 5, 1861. 
Graham, P. B., e. June 5, 1861. 
Gladden, John. 
Griffith, John H., e. June 5, 1862. Killed at Stone River, 

Teuu., December 31, 1862. 
Gibson, Joseph, e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1865. 
Gibson, William, 
Gregory, Jason, e. June 5, 1861. 
Grow, Samuel, e. June 5, 1861, disc. 1864. 
Hurley, C, e. April 5, 1861, Died at Camp Dennison, 

June 13, 1861. 
Huffman, J. G., e. June 5, 1861. Taken prisoner at Stone 

Kiver, December 31, 1862. 
Heminger, Andrew, e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 18C4. 
Hale, L, e. June 5, 1861. 

Hale, Jasper, e. June 5, 1861. Died in Libby Prison. 
Hairiut, J. E., e. June 5, 1861. 
Horney, James, e. June .5, 1861. Wounded at Stone 

Kiver. 
Hill, M., e. Juno5, 1861. 
Hernback.C. T., o June 5, 1861. 
Hargrave, William, e. June 5, 1861. 
Hart;rave, H. 1'., e. June 5, 18G1. 
Hamilton, Josiah.e. June 5, 186i. Died in Andersonville 

Prison, September, 18ti3. 
Henderson, R R., e. April 25,1861. Wounded at Pitts- 
burg Landing. 
Holmes, David C. e. June 5, 18G1. 

Irwin, C. L., e. June 5, 1861, disc. April 7,1862. Missing 
after battle of Pittsburg Landing. Supposed to have 
been killed 
Kennedy, H. B., e. June 5,1861. Killed at Chickamauga, 

Ga., September, 1863. 
Kennedy, H. C, e. June 5, 1861, disc. November, 1865. 
Kennedy, George, e. June 5, 1861, disc. September, 1863. 

Killed at Chickamauga, Ga. 
Kvle, N. II., e. June 5, 1861. 
Kimball, Ira C, e. 1862, disc. June, 1864. 
Leeper, J. D., e. June 6, 1861, disc. 1861. Taken prisoner 

at Stone lliver, Tenn., December, 1862. 
League, W. L., e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1864. 
Lockwood, E., e. June 5, 1861. Died at St. Louis, Mo. 
IMorse, E. H., e. June 5, 1861. 
Bliller, David, e. June 5, 1861. 
Jlarsh, R. C., e. June .5, 1861, disc. August, 1861. 
Jlartin, Thomas, e. May, 1861, disc. June, 1864. 
Nowell, J. A. W., e. June h, ISIil. 
Price, Evan, e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1864. 
Price, itobert. 
Price, John C, e. June 29, 1861, disc. 1865. Wounded at 

Dallas, (Ja., May 29, 1864. 
Peck, U. W., e. June 5, 1861. 
Palmer, D., e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1864. 
Pvers, Orville, e. June 5, 1861. 
Peters, William F.. e. June 5, 1861. 
Piatt, J. n., e. June 5, 1861. 
Reed, Runson, e. June 5, 1861. Killed at Carnifex Ferry, 

W. Va., September 10, 1861. 
Reed, John, H , e. June 5, 1861. 
Ree.l, Andrew, e. June 5, 1861, disc. November 18,1863. 

Wounded at Stone River. 
Sullivan, J. J., e. August 3l!, 1862. Killed near Kenesaw 

Mountain. Ga., June 8, 1865. 
Siler, 0. II. e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1864. 
Schrock, Ferdinand, e. June 5, 1861. Killed at Stone 

River, Tenn., December 31, 1862. 
Schrock, John, e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1864. 
Swilt, George, e. June 5, 1861. « 

Smart, John, e. June 5, 1861. 

Samj)son, Franklin, e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1864. 
Steerhoff John, e. Juno 5, 1861.; 
Tavlor, D. 0., e. June 5, 1861. Killed at New Hope 

(Jhuich, Ga , May 27, 1864. 
Turner, William, e. June 5, 1861. 
Turner, Robert, e. June 5, 1861. Died. 
Tauner, Joseph. 

Thompson, Tyler, <■. June 3, 1861, di.-jic. October 2, 1865. 
Trout, A., e. August 21, 1862, ditc. June, 1865. 
Wood. Albert, e. June 5, 1861, disc. July, l.'-64. Taken 
prisoner at ."■tone Rivei, Tenn., December 31, 1802. 
Wounded at Chickamauga, Ga., September, 1803. 



Wood, Theodore, e. June 5, 1861. Died in Libby Pri-on. 
Weber, William, e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1864. 
Wilson, William H., e. June 5, 1861. Died from disease 

coutr;*ted in the army, June, 1864. 
White, William H., e. June 5, 1861, disc. June, 1864. 
Wright, Emanuel, e. June 5, 1861. 
Wright, James, e. June 5, 1861, disc. June 2, 1863. 

Wounded and taken prisoner at Stone River, Tenn., 

December 31, 1862. 
Wells, William, e. June 5, 1861. Wounded at Shiloh ; 

died in hospital at Nashville, Tenn , March 9, 1864. 
AVillianis, William H., e. June 5, 1861. Died at Carnifex 

Ferry, Va. 
Welsh, James, e. June 5, 1861. 
Welsh, Frank, e. June 5, 1861. 
Wheeler, William H., e. June 5, 1861. Died at home. 

COMPANY G. 

Corey, Charles L., e. February ,28, 1864, disc. July 4, 1865. 
Green, John, e. November 22, 1861. Died. 
Morrow, J. A., e. March 20, 1864, disc. July 4, 1865. 
Richardson, L., e. June 5, 1861. Discharged. 

COMPANY H. 

Captain R. R. Henderson, e. June 5, 1861, disc. September 
10, 1862. Wounded at Shiloh, 

COMPANY I. 

Harris, W. B. Wounded. 

Holden, William, e. May 31, 1861, disc. 1862. Died at 
home. 

FOIRIEEXTH f)HIO INrANTRY. 

The Fourteenth Ohio organized for three 
months' service under Col. James B. Steed- 
man, in April, 1861, and re organized the fol- 
lowing August for three years or during the 
war. It served under Gen. Buell, in Kentucky; 
wiih him joined Gen. Grant's forces at Pitts- 
burg Landing, and participated in that battle 
and several severe skirmishes in the vicinity o 
Chickasaw Landing. 

It shared, with the vast army under Gen. 
Halleck, in ihe advance on Corinth. In June, 
1863, the Fourteenth joined Rosecrans in his 
advance on Tullahoma and Chatianooga, and 
took part in the engagements at Hoover's Gap. 
Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Jonesboro and 
Mission Ridge. It joined Sherman's forces at 
Atlanta, and participated in the " march to 
the sta." 

After over four years of active service, the 
Fourteenth was mustered out at Louisville, 
Ky., July 11, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Filler, B. F., e. April, 1861. 

COMPANY D. 

Phelpo, L., e. August, 1862, disc. 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Musician C. M. Graham, e. April 23, 1861, disc. July 22, 
1802. 

COMPANY K. 

Johnson, J. T, e. September 18,1861, disc. August 20, 

1862. 
Ellis, D. W., e. August, 1861, died August, 1802. 

FIFTEENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment organized for three months' 
service May 4, 1861; it served in West Vir- 
ginia, and was discharged August 1. Re-or- 
ganized for three years' service in September, 
under ("ol. Muses K. Dickey, and joined Gen. 
Buell. in Kentucky. It took part in the battle 
of Sliiloh and the siege of Corinth, and was with 
Rosecrans at Stone River and Chickamauga. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



459 



The Fifteenth having re-eulisted as veterans, 
joined Sherman's army, and participated in 
the Atlanta campaign. It moved with Thomas 
to Nashville, and shared in the victories atthat 
place. At the close of the war, the regiment 
performed duty in Texas, for several months, 
when it returned to Columbus and was mus- 
tered out December 27, 1865, having served 
four years and eight months, and lost over 400 
men in killed and wounded. 

COMPANY C. 

Captain J. M. Dunn, e. August 30, 1861, disc. April 1, 

1863. 
Croy, William W., e. January 6, 1865, disc. June 10, 1865. 
Lane, Isainh. e. March 15, 1864, disc. May 23, 18G5. 
Talmage, B. L., e. August 3o, 1861, diwc. September 20 

1864. Taken prisoner at Salt Kiver, Ky., 1862. 

COMPANY D. 

Corporal Joseph H. Wilson, e. September 1, 1861, wound- 
ed at Lovejoy, Ga., 1861. 

COMPANY F. 

Taylor, C. C, e. September 6, 1861, disc. September 14, 
1863. Died of wounds received at Stone Kiver, Tenn., 
December 31, 1862. 

COMPANY G. 

Burwell, H., e. September 9, 1861, disc. August 28, 1865. 
Gilbert, Edward, e. September 23, 1864, disc. June 10 

1865. 
Huffman, George W., e. September 23, 1864, disc. June 

10, 1865. Died at home. 
Price, John, e. September 24, 1864, disc. June 10, 18G5. 
Richey, A. K., e. September 9, 1861, disc. February 6, 

1863. 
Rea, John W., e. September 24, 1864, disc. June 10, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Severn, J. T., e. September 24, 1864, disc. June 10, 1865. 



SIXTEENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized for three months' 
service underCol. James Irvine, in April, 1861, 
and for three years under Col. John F. De- 
Courcey, October 2, 1861. It spent the fol- 
lowing winter operating under Gen. Thomas, 
in Kentucky, and ia the spring of 1862 was 
at Cumberland Gap. with Gen. Morgan. When 
the enemy retreated from this stronghold, the 
Sixteenth was the first reaiment to enter the 
works and hoist the stars and stripes. In Au- 
gust it encountered the rebels on the Main 
Hill road, and after a determined resistance 
for several hours, was finally forced to fall back 
to the intrenchments. 

Owing to the scarcity of provisions, the Na- 
tional forces left the Gap in September, and 
marched through Kentucky to Greenupsburg, 
sufl'ering severely on ihe way from hunger and 
thirst. 

In October, the regiment moved into Vir- 
ginia, and in November proceeded to Memphis, 
Tenn. Jn December, it joined Sherman at 
Chickasaw Bayou, near Vicksburg. in which 
battle the regiment lost 311 officers and men in 
killed, wounded and prisoners. The Sixteenth 
was next engaged in the successful assault upon 
Arknasas Post; then proceeded to Young's 
Point, La., where it remained until March, 
1864. 

In April, it moved with Gen. Grant to the 
rear of Vicksburg, and in May was engaged 



in the battles at Thompson's Hill. Champion 
Hills and Black River Bridge, remaining during 
the siege of Vicksburg until the surrender. In 
these various engagements the regimmt lost 
heavily in killed and wounded. It participated 
in the siege and capture of Jackson, then 
joined Gen. Banks, on the P^ed River, an 1 in 
October returned to Columbus. Ohio, where it 
was mustered out on the 31st of October, 18f'4. 

During its service, the Sixteenth traveled by 
railroad 1,28-5 miles; by steamboat, 3,619 miles; 
by steamship, 1,200 miles, and on foot, 1,621 
miles. 

The total number of deaths from all causes 
in the regiment was 251. There were killed in 
battle and died of their wounds two officers 
and sixty men. The number of officers and 
men mustered out at the expiration of its term 
of service was 477, all that was left of l,Un, 
the total of original (rganization and recruits. 

Forty-five men were recruited in this county 
for the Sixteenth Regiment, and assigned to 
Company F. 

H. S. Wood, of Union County, was promoted 
to First Lieutenant, and John A. Phillips, John 
H. Gray and Lorenzo Moses, were appointed 
Sergeants. 

Some of Union County's bravest and best 
soldiers were in this company. Tney saw much 
hard service, and their losses were very heavy. 
Twelve died of disease or wounds; six were 
wounded, and four were taken prisoners, mak- 
ing a total loss of twenty-two, or nearly one- 
half of the detachment cf forty-five men re- 
cruited in this county. 

COMPANY F. 

Sergeant John H. Gray, e. September 9, 1861, died at 

Richwood, Ohio, November 27, 1861. 
Sergeant Lorenzo Moses, e. September 26, 1861, taken pris- 
oner dt Chickasaw Bayou, Miss., December, 1862, disc. 

October 30, 1864. 
Sergeant J. A. Philips, e. October 20, 1861, taken prisoner 

at Chickasaw Bayou, Miss., December, 1862, disc. Octo- 
ber 31, 1864. 
First Lieutenant H. S. Wood, e. October 20, 1861, taken 

piisoner at Chickasaw Bluffs, Miss., December 29, 1862, 

disc. October 31, 1864. 
Corporal T. B. Cheney, e. October 26, 1861. Transferred 

to Second Cavalry January 15, 1864. 
Corporal B. F. Fisher, e. September 25, 1861, disc. October 

31, 1864. 
Corporal A. A. Gallant, e. October 2, 1861, disc. October 

31, 1S64. 
Corporal Wallace Linder, e. October 15, 1861, wounded 

at Vicksburg, Miss., December 29, 1863. TranslVrred 

to Company M, Tenth Ohio Cavalry April 3, 1663, Oisc. 

July 24, 1865. 
Corporal John P. Rodgers, e. October 20, 1861, disc. Octo- 

ber31, 1864. 
Corporal J. H. Wynegar. e. October 24, 1862. Transferred 

to One Hundred and Fourteenth Ohio Volunteer In- 
fantry October 6, 1864. 
Anderson, Jame.-, e. October 12, 1861, disc. October 31, 

1864. 
Converse, Austin, e. October 10, 1861, disc. November 16, 

1861. » 

Cope, Silas, e. September 12, 1861, died at Cumberland 

K.,rd, Ky., March 13 1862. 
Cheney, John M., e. October 26, 1861, died at Richwood, 

Ohio, while home on furlough, September 7, 1863. 
Crowse, Charles, e. October 2u, 1861, disc. April ;-M, 1862. 
Conwell, Jonathan, e. September 12, 1861, disc. October 

31, lt64 
Dutton, William J., e. Cctober 26, 1861, disc. November 

22, 1861. 
Decker, James, e. October 14, 1861. 
Durst, John, e. September 2, 1861, disc. February 12, 1864. 



460 



UNION COUNTY 



Everett, Harvey E., e. September '1, 1861, disc. October 31, 
1864. 

Gallant, Thomas, e. September 20, 18G1, disc. August 24, 
1863. 

Holden, William H., e. September 20, 1861, died at llich- 
woud, (ihio. May 24, 1862. 

Jackson, George, e. November 21, 1861, died at Millikens 
Bend, La., April 25, 1803. 

Livingston, T. J., e. October 26, 1861, disc. October 31, 
1864. 

Livingston, H. H., e. October 26, 1861, wounded at Tazoo 
Biver, 1863, died at Richwood, Ohio, December 30, 
1863. 

Lenox, Elijah, e. September 20, 1861, died on hospital 
boat on Yazoo River, of wounds received at Chickasaw 
Bluffs, Miss., December 29, 1802. 

Mather, D. D.,e. October 26, 1861, wounded at Chickasaw 
Bluffs, Miss., 1862, and taken prisoner at Vicksburg, 
1863, disc. October 31, 1864. 

Mulvain, Calvin, e. September 9, 1861, wounded, disc. Sep- 
tember 12, 1864. 

Moses, S. v., e. September 20, 1861. 

Moses, E. R., e. September 20, 1861, wounded, disc. 
April 2, 1863. 

Mclntire, Darius, e. September 10, 1861. 

Mclntire, C, e. October 26, 1861, wounded and taken pris- 
oner at Chickasaw Bluffs, Miss., December 29, 1862, 
disc. October 31, 1864. 

Mclntire, John, e. October 20, 1861, disc. October 31, 
1864. 

Mclntire, James K., e. October 26, 1861, disc. August 27, 
1863. 

McGee, Isaac, e. October 26, 1861, disc.October 31, 1864. 

McKeever, John M., e. September 11, 1861, died on board 
hospital steamer at Nashville, Tenn., August 15, 1863. 

McRill, H. W., e. September 20, 1861. 

Parish, William, e. October 20, 1861, disc. February 28, 
1863. 

Roberts, Allen B., e. October 26, 1861, died in hospital at 
Paducnh, Ky., of wounds received at Chickasaw Bluffs, 
Miss., Decemb.T 29, 1862. 

Roberts, George, e. October, 1861. 

Rice, Amos, e. September 20, 1861, disc. August 30, 1864. 

Smith, Jacob, e. October 20, 1861, died in hospital at Lon- 
don, Kv., February 21,1862. 

Thomas, "\V., e. September 10, 1861, died at Shiloh, Tenn., 
1862. 

Tropp, Isaac, e October 20, 1861, disc. October 31, 1864. 

Wynegar, D. JI.. e. October 24, 1802, died in hospital at 
Vicksbursr, Miss, (while prisoner of war) of wounds re- 
ceived at Chickasaw Bluffs, December 29, 1862. 

Wvne£;ar, David A., e. September 20, 1861, died on hos- 
iiital boat in 1863. 

COMPANY D. 

McCune, James M., e. April, 1861, disc. 1861. 



SEVENTEENTH OHIO INFANTRY (THREE MONTHS). 

The Seventeenth Infantry was the next reg- 
iment in which Union County was represented. 

(.'apt. T. J. Haynes, of Plain City, recruited 
a company in Union and Madison Counties, in 
April, l8*jl, which was assigned as Conipiny 
G, of the ^^eventeenth Ohio, and mustered iu 
for three months' service. 

On the "iOth of April the regiment moved in- 
to Virginia, wliere it operated in delaclim«uts 
against guerrillas in dilferent localities until 
July, when it was consolidated at Buckhannon, 
and moved against Sutton ; after which it re- 
turned to Ohio, and was mustered out on the 
lOth day of August, 18G1, 

The following list includes the names of the 
members from Union County who served in 
Company G, enlisted April, 1861: 

COMPANY O. 

Captain Thomas J. Ilaynes, e. Jlay 6, 1861. 

Andrews, 0. C. 

Baiiow, C. L. 

Beach, Joseph. 

Bradley, Patterson. 

Coiiklin, James E. 



Flemi-ig, Robert F. 
Guy, Wilkison. 
Robert, Leander. 
Hoff, Lisander. 
Hobert, Lorenzo. 
Kent, David. 
Lucas, B. F. 
Langstaff, .Tames G. 
Langstaff, J. 0. 
Lock, Abel. 
McDowell, J. P. 
McCune, John. 
McClung, John. 
^Norris, George. 
Patch, Eslie. 
Perry, John F. 
Perry, Luther. 
Ruehlen, William. 
Ruehlen, Samuel. 
Shirk, John W. 
Stevens, Marion. 
Taylor, William. 
Thomas, D. H. 
Tarpening, E. 
Walker, George. 
Williams, John. 

SEVENTEENTH jOHIO INFANTRY (tHREE YEARS). 

The Seventeenth Ohio was re organized in 
August, 1861, for three years' service, under 
Col. .John M. Connell, and Lieut. Col. Durbin 
Ward. It was ordered to Kentucky in Sep- 
tember, and reported at Camp Dick Robinson 
on the '2d of October. From thence it proceeded 
to Wild Cat, and was engaged in the battle at 
that place, losing seven men wounded. 

It took part in the engagement at Mill 
Springs, then marched to Louisville, Ky., and 
embarked for Nashville, Tenn., where it ar- 
rived on the 3d of March, 1862. Then moved 
across the country to Shiloh, but arrived too 
late to take part in the battle. 

It participated in the siege at C>rinth, and 
was actively engaged in several severe skir- 
mishes. The regiment followed in pursuit of 
the retreating rebels as far as Booneville, Miss., 
returning via Corinth and luka to Tuscumbia, 
Ala., then marched with Buell's forces into 
Kentucky', was present at the battle of Perry- 
ville, but not actively engaged ; was with llose- 
crans at Stone River, and took a prominv-nt 
part in the battle of December 31, with a loss 
of twenty wounded. The Seventeenth joined 
the Tullahoma campaign, and, with its brigade 
at Hoover's Gap, shared in a gallant charge 
upon the Seventeenth Tennessee Rebel Reg- 
ment, driving them from their position, and 
gaining possession of their works. 

"This charge was executed with such cool- 
ness and determination as to draw the particu- 
lar attention of Gen. Thomas." 

In the battle of Chickamauga, the regiment 
was badly cut to pieces, leaving the fie'd with 
but fifty-two men. The loss of the Seventeenth 
in this engagement was over two hundred, in 
killed and wounded. During the siege in 
Chattanooga, the regiment was engaged in a 
number of skirmishes, then shared in the ac- 
tion at Brown's Ferry, and in the assault upon 
Mission Ridge, where it captured a rebel bat- 
tery, and turned the guns upon the enemy. 

In January, 1864, the Seventeenth rc-enlist- 
ed as veterans, and after the furlough home 
returned to the field in March, with o^er four 




4~. 



>('• 

^^~ 




X^mod^A^O-^v^ 



MILITARY RECORD. 



463 



hundred recruits, and followed Sherman 
through the Atlanta campaign. It was en- 
gaged in the skirmish of Rocky Face Ridge, 
and lost heavily in the battle of Resaca; and 
from that time until the fall of Atlanta, the 
regiment was almost constantly under fire, 
taking an active part at New Hope Church, 
Pumpkin Vine Creek, Kenesaw Mountain, 
Peach Tree Creek and .Jone.sboro. It marched 
with Sherman to the sea and through the Caro- 
linas, took part in the last battle of the war at 
Bentonville, passed in review before the Presi 
dent at Washington, then moved to Louisville, 
Ky., where it was mustered out in July, 1805. 

About forty men were recruited in Union 
County, for Company C of this regiment, ten 
of whom died in the hospitals, of wounds or 
disease, four were wounded, and one was taken 
prisoner, making a total loss of fifteen, or more 
than one-third of the detachment. 

The Seventeenth Ohio "was in the service 
from the beginning of the war. It was always 
at the front — never doing a single day's serv- 
ice in mere garrison duty. It served under 
nearly all the famous commanders — McClellan, 
Buell, Rosecrans, Thomas, Grant, Halleck, 
.Sherman and Schofield. It held an honorable 
place from the first in that noted corps, 
Thomas' Fourteenth, and was never driven 
save at Chickamauga ; even then it quit the 
field only under orders, and at nightfall." 

COMPANY B. 

Cooperider, .John, e. August, 1862, disc. June, 186-5. 

COMPANY c. 

.St-rgeant Major Benjamin (irubbs, e. .September 2, 

1861, di.sc. January 31, 1H63. 
.Sergeant W. H. Jordan, e. August, 1861, wonnded at 

Chickamauga, Ga., .September 20, 1803, disc. July, 

186.1. 
Beltz, E., e. September 2, 1861, died at Nashville, 

Tenn., November 11, 1862. 
Burroughs, Allen, e. Augast 16, 1862, disc. July, 186-5. 
Halliiiger, H. M., e. September 2, 1861. 
Bauer, P. 11., e. October M, 1861, wounded at Chicka- 
mauga, Ga., September 20, 1863, disc. May -1, 186-5. 
Cowgill, J. G., e. September 2, 1861. Died in Georgia. 
Cooper, J. T., e. November 2, 1863, disc. November 24, 

1864. 
Connelly, H. N., e. August, 1861, died at Somerset, 

Ky., 1862. 
Connor, Jame.s, e. September 2, 1861, dbjc. 186-5. 
Corbet, .John, e. .September 2, 1864, di.sc. May 30, 186-5. 
Decker, Henry H., e. September 2, 1861, disc. 1863. 
Ford, D. S., e. September 29, 1862, disc. July, 186.5. 
Grubbs, Oliver H., e. September 30, 1863, disc. July, 

1865. 
Grubljs, .Thomas, e. September .30, 1861, disc. July, 

1865. 
Homan, David, e. September 2, 1861, disc. 1864. 
Huffman, W. E., e. September 1, 1862, died at Mur- 

freesboro, Tenn., February 24, 1863. 
Ilamler, John, e. August, 1861. Died. 
Hamler, Lsaac, e. August, 1861. Died. 
Holycross, John H., e. Augu-st 16, 1862, disc. July, 

1865. 
Inskeep, William E., e. August, 1861, disc. 1864. 
Jordan, George, e. March 27, 1>562, wounded at Chicka- 
mauga, Ga., .September 20, 1863, di.sc. May 6, 1864. 
Kennedy, H. N., e. August 25, 1861, died at Somerset, 

Ky., February 3, 1862. 
Lane, William, e. February 8, 1863, disc. July, 1865. 
Lane, Thomas N., e. February 18, 1863, disc. August 

2-5, 1865. 
Logan, (ieorge, e. .September 24, 1861, disc. July 29, 

1863. 
Logan, Ephraim, e. September 14, 1864, disc. June 13, 

1865. 



McAllister, Neli'jn, e. August, 1864, died at Goldslx*- 
rough, N. C. 

Millington, O. 

.Mattox, Thomas W., e. September 19, 1863. 

Vany, Joseph, e. August 16, 1862, died at Nashville, 
Tenn., 18«W. 

Norveil, Eli, e. November, 186.3, disc. July, 186-5. 

Vany, Isaac, e. August 16, 1862. Prisoner. 

Organ, William H., e. September 29, 1862, disc. July, 
186-5. 

Spencer, Samuel, e. .September 2, 1861. 

.Sharr>, W. S., e. February ^i, 1864, disc. July, 186.5. 

Stratten. D. L. 

Thorna-s, Elias, e. August 20, 1861, disc. August 20,^86.5. 

Van Sant, Jame.s. Died. 

Walker, Samuel, e. .September 2,^1861. 

West, Alonzo P., e. .September 3, 1863. 

Webb, Isaac, e. August, 1861, woundcl at Chicka- 
mauga September 19. 1863, disc. 'October, 1864. 

West, S. M., e. .September 2, 1861, disc. March 26, 1863. 

COMPANY E. 

Lane, Lemuel, e. February 9, 1864, disc. Novemtjer 24, 

1864. 
Marshall, W. C, e. February, 1864, disc. July, 186-5. 
Spain, Albert, e. February 14, 18f;3, disc. May 6, I860. 

COMPANY o. 

Andrews, C. C, e. April 16, 1861, disc. July, 1865. 
McNear, William. 



EIGHTEENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Eighteenth Ohio was organized May 29, 
18fJl, for three months' service, and August 
f^J, for three years, under Col. Timothy R. 
Stanley. It joined the forces under Gen. 
Mitchell in Kentucky, and after serving in 
that State for a time, proceeded to Nashville, 
Tenn., thence to Huntsville, Ala., capturing 
about yOO prisoners, and a large amount of 
supplies. The regiment was engaged in the 
battle at Stone River, December 31, 1862, los- 
ing on this occasion 18-^ officers and men. In 
.lune, it accompanied the advance on Tulla- 
homa, and a few days later, marched toward 
Chattanooga, and took a prominent part in the 
battle of Chickamauga. The regiment re- 
mained at Chattanooga until the 20th of Octo- 
ber, 1864, when it was ordered to Columbus, 
Ohio, to be mustered out. 

The Eighteenth Ohio was re-organized in 
the fall of 1864, under Col. C. H. Grosvenor, 
and on the 6th of December, participated in 
the battles of Nashville and Overton Hill, with 
a loss of four officers and seventy-five men, 
killed and wounded. It followed in pursuit 
of Hood to Tuscumbia, from whence it marched 
to Chattanooga. 

In July, I860, it moved to Georgia, and op- 
erated under Gen. Steedman, at Augusta, until 
mustered out on the 9th of October, 186-5. 

COMPANY A. 

Allen, Emerson, e. .September 7, 1861. 

Coons, Abraham, e. April 4, 186.5. 

Coons, B. J., e. April 4, 1865, disc. July 27, 1865. 

Cahill, Enos, e. April 4, 1865, disc. October 9, 1865. 

Keisey, George. 

Tracy, John W., e. April 4, 1864, disc. October 9, 1865. 

Wilson, G. H. 

COMPANY B. 

Drake, L. K., e. April 2, 1865, disc. October 9, 1865. 
Davis, A. C, e. April 4, 186-5. 

Green, Ira, e. September 9, 1861, wounded at Colum- 
bus, Ky., 1862, disc. May 7, 1862. 

COMPANY D. 

Haines, C. F., e. March 20, 1865, disc. October 9, 186-5. 

N 



464 



UNION COUNTY 



\ 



COMPANY E. 



Wood, Joseph. 

COMPANY F.- 

Sergeant J. G. Turner, e. April 25, 1861, disc. June 26, 

1S64. 
White, Alexander. 

COMPANY G. 

McAdow, T. J., e. Kovember 23, ISGl, wounded at Chick- 
ainauga, Ga., September, 18G3, di.-iC. IStU. 

McDwitt, S. S., e. Octol)er 2, ISGl, wounded at Stone 
River, Teun., December 31, lSi)2, disc. August 17, 
lti63. 

COMPANY H. 

Captain D. E.Williams, e. Kovember .5, 1S61, disc. 

AUiTUSt 30, 18G2. 
Pebolt, John, e. September 25, 18G1. 
Miller, Jeremiah, e. March 20, 1865, disc. October 9, 

1865. 

COMPANY" I. 

C'onvei-s, n. G,. e. October 16, 1861. Died at home. 
Drake, S. S., e. March, 1864, disc. October 9, 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Johnson, Elias, e. March 20, 1865, disc. July 15, 1865. 
Tucker. Georse B. e. October 9, 1861, disc. November 
9. 1864. 



NINETEENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment organized under Col. Samuel 
Beatty, for three months' service. May 15, 
1861,'and for three years September 26. It 
served in West Virginia until November, when 
it moved to Kentucky. The Nineteenth fought 
ai Shiloh, Stone River, Chickamauga and Mis- 
sion Ridge, and after three years' service, re- 
enlisted and followed Sherman in his Atlanta 
campaign. It moved with Thomas to Nash- 
ville, took part iu the battles at that place 
and followed in pursuit of Hood to the Ten- 
nessee River. 

After the war, this regiment served in Texas 
until September, 1865, when it returned to 
Columbus, Ohio, and received its final dis- 
charge November 25, 1865. 

The Nineteenth lost over 500 men in battle. 

COMPANY D. 

Temple. George, e. September, 1864, disc. June 9, 1865. 

COMPANY F. 

Crowder, William, e. September 24, 1864. disc. Juue 9. 

i!sr>o. 

Henry, Alexander. 

COMPANY I. 

O'Brien, Michael, e. Sopteniher. 1864. Wounded at 
Kesaca, Ga., 1864, dis. Octuber 21, 1SC5. 

TWENTIETH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Twentieth Ohio organized for three 
months' service in May. 1861, and for three 
years, October 21, under Col. Charles Whit- 
tlesey. It served in Kentucky until February, 

1862, then moved to Fort Donelson where it 
passed through its first battle. In December 
it advanced into Missi.ssippi and in February, 

1863, joined Grant at Vicksburg, and took part 
in the engagements at Raymond, Jackson and 
Champion Hills. Having re-enlisted as veter- 
ans, the Twentieth joined Sherman's Atlanta 
campaign, marched to the sea and through the 
Carolinas, passed in review at Washington and 
was mustered out at Louisville, Ky., July 18, 
1865. 



COMPANY A, 

Sergt. W. W. McMahan, e. August 15, 1861, disc, 1865. 
Sams, Joseph, e. August, 1861, disc. 1863. 

COMPANY E. 

Robinson, W. R., e. September 23, 1861, disc. 1864. 

COMPANY G. 

Corp. E. W. Case, e. August IS, 1861. Taken prisoner at 
La Grauge in 1863, wounded at Atlanta, Ga., 1864, disc. 
1865. 

Emerson, J. C, e. May 1, 1861, disc. August 4, 1861. 



TWENTY-FIRST OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Twenty-first Ohio was organized April 
27, 1861, for three months' service ; and re- 
organized September 19 for three years, under 
Col. Jesse S. Norton. It served under Gen. 
Buell in Gen. 0. M. Mitchell's division ; was 
with Gen. Rosecrans at Stone River and 
Chickamauga. Having re-enlisted as veterans, 
the Twenty-first joined Sherman's Atlanta 
campaign, and was present at the battles of 
Buzzard's Roost, Resaca, New Hope Church, 
Kenesaw Mountain, Vining's Station, Peach- 
Tree Creek and Jonesboro. It followed in per- 
suit of Hood to Galesville, from whence it re- 
turned to Atlanta ; then moving north through 
the Caiolinas, it participated in the last battle of 
the war at Bentonville, took part in the review 
at Washington on May 26, 1865, and was mus- 
tered out of the service the following July, at 
Louisville, Ky. 

COMPANY A. 

Higgins, J. A., e. September, 1861, killed at Chickamau ga, 

Ga., September 20, 1 863. 
Smith, Geo. W. 

CCMPANY H. 

Sergeant E. P. Gillespie, e. .August 5, 1862, taken pris- 
oner, 1863. 

Brake, J. M., e. September 20, 1861, disc. October 10, 
1862. 

TWENTY-SECOND OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized under Gen. 
Fremont in Missouri — (originally under the 
name of the Thirteenth Missouri). November 
5, 1861. It served with Grant at Fort Donelson 
and Shiloh. On the 7th of July, 1862, the 
Secretary of War ordered its transfer to Ohio, 
to be named the Twenty-second Ohio Infantry. 
It served under Rosecrans at Corinth. In 
June, 1863, it moved to Haines" Bluff, near 
Vicksburg, and to Arkansas, in August, where 
it remained until mustered out of service, 
November 18, 1864. 

Lieutenant Colonel Homer Thrall, e. April 30, 1861, disc. 
November 14, 1864. 

COMPANY B. 

Sergeant Chas. H. Jacobs, e. April 14, 1861, disc. 1864. 
McKim, James, died. 

TWENTY-THIRD OHIO INFANTRY. 

i The Twenty-third Ohio was organized in 
June, 1861, under Col. William S. Rosecrans. 

[ who, being promoted, was succeeded by Col. 

I E. P. Scammon. In July, it entered the field 
in West Virginia, and in September moved on 

j Oarnifex Ferry, where a sharp skirmish en- 



MILITARY RECORD. 



46.5 



sued. The regiment, under Lieut. Col. Hayes, 
took a prominent part in the battles of South 
Mountain and Antietam, losing over 200 men 
in the two engagements. In March, it was or- 
dered to Charleston, Va., where it remained 
quietly in camp until the spring of 1804, when 
it joined Gen. (,'ook's raid on the Virginia k, 
Tennessee Railroad. In May, it participated in 
the engagements at Cloyd Mountain and New 
Kiver Bridge. In .June, the Twenty-third 
joined Hunter's march on Lynchburg, return- 
ing to Charleston July 1, then moved to Mar- 
tinsburg. It was engaged in the Vjattle of 
Winchester, losing \b'i men. In the engage- 
ment at Opequon, the regiment fought with 
conspicuous gallantry, and on the 20th of Sep- 
tember participated in the assault upon North 
Mountain. It was with .Sheridan in the bloody 
battle of Cedar Creek, where he rode " from 
Winchester, twenty miles away," and at the 
end of the day achieved a glorious victory. 
Returning to Martinsburg, the regiment re- 
mained in that vicinity until the close of the 
war, when it proceeded to Columbus, Uhio, and 
was mustered out on the 2f;th of July, 
1865. 

Several of the field officers of this regiment 
gained distinction in both military and civil 
life : W. S. Rosecrans, became a noted General ; 
R. B. Hayes, President of the United States, 
and Stanley Matthews, United States Sena- 
tor. 

Surgeon K. T. King, e. March 1, 18C4, disc. July 1, 18C.5. 

COMPANY B. 

Corp. T. C. McDowell, e. Augnet 9, 18fcl, Site. July 2.5, 186.5. 

COMPANY D. 

Curtis, L. C, e. May 20, 1861, disc. June 30, 18C4. 

COMPANY r. 

McAtte, A. M., e. June .5, 1861, wounded at Antietam, 

Wd., September, 1862, disc. December 30, 1862. 
Sfiicer, ^1111801,8. April, 1861. wounded at Winchester, 
Va., diec. July 26, 1865, died July, 1879. 

COMPANY G. 

Huffman, Charles W., e. June 15, 1861, taken prisoner at 
Lynchburg, Va., June, 1864, disc. July 26, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Fitzgerald, John.e. February 12, 1864, died at ■Winchester, 
Va., July 27, 1804, of wounds received in action July 
24, 1864. 

COMPANY I. 

Spencer, James S., e. June 10, 1861, diec. June 30, 1865. 



TWENTY-rOCETH OHIO INFAKTKT. 

This regiment was organized in .June, 18G1, 
under Col. Jacob Ammen. It served in West 
Virginia until November, when it moved into 
Kentucky. It marched to Pittsburg Landing, 
took part in that battle, and those at Perryville, 
Stone River, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, 
Mission Ridge and Ringgold. 

The Twenty-fourth was mustered out on the 
24th day of June, 1864. 

COMPANY A. 

Coil, John, e. September, 1861, died at Camp Dennison, 
1863. 



TWEXTT-FIFTH OHIO ISFAKTKT. 

This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, 
on the 28ih of June, 1861, under Col. James 
A. Jones. It operated in West Virginia un- 
til April, 1862, when it crossed the Allegha- 
nies and fought at Bull Pasture Mountain and 
Cross Keys, losing over one hundred men. It 
joined Gen. Pope's campaign and engaged 
in the battles of the Second Bull Run, (jhan- 
cellorsville and Gettysburg. The Twenty-fifth 
re-enlisted in January, 1864, and served in 
South Carolina until mustered out on the 18th 
of June, 1866. 

tOMPASY tS' 

McWade, S. G., e. 1862, taken prisoner at Fort Leaven- 
worth, Kan. 

COMPANY K. 

ilyers, Jacob. 

TWENTY-SIXTH OHIO INFAXTEY. 

The organization of this regiment was com- 
jdeted early in July, 1861, and was immedi- 
ately ordered to the Upper Kanawha Valley. 
It led the advance in the movement of Gen. 
Rosecrans on Sewell Mountain, and on the re- 
treat was the rear guard of the army. In 
January, 1862, the Twenty-sixth was trans- 
ferred to Kentucky. It was in the winter 
campaign which resulted in the capture of 
Nashville ; was in the forced march to Shiloh, 
it and the Seventeenth Indiana Regiment mak- 
ing a detour to the left, to a town about twenty 
miles, scattering a force that was organizing to 
attack our train, and joining the main column 
next day was in the advance during the 
siege and was the first regiment to enter Cor- 
inth. During the latter part of August, the 
Twenty-sixth, together with the Seventeenth 
and Fifty-eighth Indiana Regiments, routed 
Forest's division of cavalry near McMinn- 
ville, Tenn. In the battle of Stone Kiver, the 
Twenty-sixth held its position, notwithstand- 
ing all the army on its right was routed, and 
its line repeatedly charged for hours by heavy 
columns of the enemy flushed with victory, 
yet they were every time repulsed with terri- 
ble slaughter. 

In the advance on Tullahoma and Shelby- 
ville, the regiment took a prominent part, and 
was again actively engaged at Chickamauga. 
In the assault upon Mission Ridge, it fully 
sustained its former reputation, losing on this 
occasion about one-fourth its number in killed 
and wounded. The Twenty-sixth re-enlisted 
in January, 1864, and after the furlough home 
joined Sherman's Atlanta campaign and par- 
ticipated in the battles of Resaca, Kenesaw, 
Peach Tree Creek and Jonesboro. It pursued 
Hood north, took part in the battle at Nash- 
ville, then followed the enemy to the Tennessee 
River. 

. After the close of the war, the Twenty-sixth 
served in Texas until mustered out of the 
service on the 21st of October, 1865. 

Aasistant Surgeon Andrew Sabine, commisssion issued 
July 2, 1861 ; promoted to Surgeon of Seventy-sixth 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry, February 16, 1863; disc. July 
24, 1865. 



466 



UNION COUNTY 



COMPANY C. 

Corporal S. G. Fry, e. Julj' 27, 1861 ; wounded and taken 
prisoner at Chickamauga, Ga., September 9, 1863; 
wounded at Fort Blakely, Ala., April, 1865. 

Davis, J. B., e. May 1, 1861, disc. May 14, 1862. 



COMPANY H. 

Chance, Ben. 

Bea, Joseph, e. July 15, 1861, disc. July 25, 1864, wounded 
at Winchester, Va. 

COMPANY K. 

Holden, John, e. March 1, 1862, disc. October 21, 1865. 
Howison, W. L., e. October, 1861, disc. July 25, 1865. 
Holycross, A. M., e. July 22, 1861, disc. June 18, 1862. 
Morse, Albert E., e. September 13, 1862, disc. March 22, 

1863. 
Philips, Chas., e. July 22, 1861, disc. July 25, 1864. 
Bobbins, Z. S., e. July 22, 1861, disc. February 7, 1862. 



TWENTY-SEVENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in August, 
1861, under Col. John W. Fuller. It served in 
Missouri until March, 1862, when it moved, 
with the Army of the Mississippi, on New Mad- 
rid, and after the surrender of that place 
assisted in the capture of Island No. 10. In 
May, it joined Halleck's Army, and in Septem- 
ber took part in the battles of luka and Cor- 
inth. It followed Grant in his Mississippi 
expedition as far South a.s Oxford, when it was 
ordered back to Jackson, and joined in the 
pursuit of Forrest, the rebel raider. 

The Twenty-seventh, after re-enlisting, 
joined Sherman's Atlanta campaign, and was 
engaged in the battles of Resaca, Dallas, Kene- 
saw, Nickojack Creek and Atlanta. It pur- 
sued Hood northward, and, returning, followed 
Sherman to the sea. It marched through the 
Carolinas, and took part in the last battle of 
the war, at Bentonville. 

After taking part in the grand review at 
Washington, it proceeded (o Louisville, where 
it was mustered out, July, 1865. 

COMPANY D. 

Captain J. H. Cooper, e. July 18, 1861, disc. July 11, 

1865. 
Evans, Thomas, wounded. 
Evans, Walter, died. 



TWENTY-EIGHTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Twenty-eighth Ohio was organized in 
June, 1861, under Col. August Moor. It served 
in West Virginia, and, under McClellan, fought 
at South Mountain and Antietam. In April, 
1864, it joined the Army of the Shenandoah, 
and, on May 11, took part in the battle of New 
Market. It shared in the advance on Wood- 
stock, New Market, Harrisburg and Port Re- 
public, and, on June 5, participated in the 
attack on the rebels near Piedmont. 

Its term of service having expired, the regi- 
ment was mustered out July 23, 1864. 

The Twenty-eighth lost in battle two officers 
killed, seven wounded; ninety men killed, one 
hundred and sixty-two wounded ; and one hun- 
dred and seventy-three disabled by disease. 

COMPANY B. 

Perry, John, e. December, 1862. 



TWENTY-NINTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in August, 
1861, under Col. Louis P. Buckley. It served 
in Maryland and Virginia until September, 
1863, participating in the battles of Winches- 
ter, Port Republic, Cedar Mountain, the 
second Bull Run and Chancellorsville. It was 
with Hooker at Lookout Mountain, and, join- 
ing Sherman's Atlanta campaign, was engaged 
in the battles of Dug Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Pine 
Knob, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, 
and the siege of Atlanta. 

It marched to the sea and through the Caro- 
linas to Washington. The Twenty-ninth was 
discharged at Cleveland, Ohio, July 22, 1865. 

COMPANY I. 

Voorhees, 0. H., e. June 2, 1864, disc. 18G5. 

THIRTIETH OHIO INFANTRY. 

Company E, of the Thirtieth Ohio Infantry. 
was organized by Capt. Elijah Warner, at 
Jerome, Union County, Ohio, in the month of 
August, 1861, and marched thence to Camp 
Chase, a distance of twenty miles, where it ar- 
rived on the 19th day of August. On the 29th, 
the company was mustered into the United 
States service, with the following commissioned 
officers: Elijah Warner, Captain; Henry R. 
Brinkerhoflf, First Lieutenant, and Henry 
Hensel, Second Lieutenant. 

The Thirtieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry was 
organized at Camp Chase on the 28th of Au- 
gust, 1861, ijnder Col. John Groesbeck, who 
was soon succeeded by Col. Hugh Ewing. On 
the oOth, the regiment was ordered into the 
field, and on the 2d of September arrived at 
Clarksburg, W. Va., then moved forward 
to Weston, where it received its first out- 
fit of camp and garrison ectuipage. On Sep- 
tember 6, the regiment joined Gen. Rosecrans 
at Sutton Heights, leaving four companies, D, 
F, G, and I, at this place and two, C, and E. 
at Big Birch Bottom, the remainder of the 
regiment moved forward and on the evening 
of the 10th discerned the enemy near Gawley 
River, at Carnifex Ferry, where a sharp en- 
counter ensued ; night coming on, ended the 
battle. Early on the following morning, it was 
discovered that the enemy had evacuated their 
position and retreated across the river. 

Col. Ewing was the first man to enter the 
deserted fortifications. He found, amid a 
multitude of camp and garrison spoils, two 
fine French dress swords; one bearing the 
coat of arms of Napoleon I, and a stand of 
colors bearing the following inscription: 

"Floyd's brigade." 

" The price of Liberty is the blood of the 
Brave." On December 25, the regiment lield 
its first dress parade at Fayetteville, and from 
this time until August, 1862, served in detach- 
ments. On the 16th, the Thirtieth started to 
join the army in Eastern Virginia ; the right 



MILITARY RECORD. 



467 



Tving reported for duty at Gen. Pope's head- 
quarters on the 26th, and after the engage- 
ment at Centerville the left wing joined the 
right, having been under fire but not engaged 
with the musketry in the baUle at this 
place. 

On the 2d of September, the regiment was 
relieved from duty at Gen. Pope's headquar- 
ters and joined its brigade — the First — at Up- 
ton Hills. On the 7th, it moved to Fred- 
erick City, Md., and on the 14th arrived at 
South Mountain where a severe struggle with 
the enemy took place, with a loss of eighteen 
men killed and forty-eight wounded. In this 
engagement Company E suffered most severely, 
having one killeci and six wounded. 

In the battle at Antietam, the Thirtieth, lack- 
ing proper support, was thrown into slight 
confusion and compelled to fall back. It lost 
three officers killed and two wounded, eight 
men killed and thirty-seven wounded. The 
National colors were torn in fourteen places by 
the enemy's balls, and two color-bearers, 
Sergts. Saxie Carter and Nathan J. White, fell 
dead on the field. A stand of colors was res- 
cued on this occasion by David McKim, of 
Company E. 

On the 10th of October, the Thirtieth moved 
into West Virginia, and on the 13th of Novem- 
ber went into camp near Cannelton. A few 
weeks later, it started on a march into Logan 
County, returning with seventeen prisoners 
and seventy-five horses. In January, 1863, it 
moved down the Ohio and Mississippi to join 
Gen. Grant's army, and on arriving at Helena, 
Ark., was assigned to the Third Brigade, Sec- 
ond Division of the Fifteenth Army Corps. 
On the 21st it landed at Youngs Point, and for 
a few weeks worked on the canal at that place. 
In March it moved to the relief of some gun- 
boat in Steel's Bayou, returning to Young's 
Point on the 28th. 

On the 29th of April, the regiment embarked 
on the R. B. Hamilton, and with other troops 
engaged in a demonstration on Haines' Blufi's. 
In May, it joined in the movement upon Vicks- 
burg, and from the 20th until the surrender of 
this stronghold the regiment was constantly 
engaged either in fatigue and picket duty or in 
assaulting the enemy's works. The loss of the 
Thirtieth during the siege was one commissioned 
officer killed and six wounded, six men killed 
and forty-eight wounded. After the surren- 
der of Vicksburg, the regiment pursued John- 
son to Jackson, and upon the evacuation of 
that place returned and went into camp at 
Black River. 

On the 26th of September, it moved with 
Sherman via Memphis to Chattanooga, and on 
the 25th of October participated in the as- 
sault upon Mission Ridge, losing thirty-nine 
men killed and wounded. 

In November, the Thirtieth followed in pur- 
suit of the retreating rebels, returning to 
Bridgeport, Ala., on the 19th of December; 
during this time the men were compelled to 
subsist oif the country with the exception of 



two days' rations issued on the 29th day of 
November. 

In January, 1864, the regiment re-enlisted, 
and after the furlough home joined Sherman's 
forces at Kingston, Ga., on the 20th of May. On 
the 23d, it started on the march through Dallas 
and Acworth, and on the 19th of June arrived 
at the foot of Kenesaw Mountain ; during this 
march, the 30th was almost continuously under 
fire. It took an active part in the battle on the 
26th, losing thirty-five men killed and wounded. 
On July 2, the regiment moved toward At- 
lanta, and on the 22d was attacked and thrown 
into some confusion at first, but soon rallied 
and succeeded in repulsing the enemy, not, 
however, without considerable loss. On the 
28th, the regiment gallantly stood its ground 
and resisted four successive attacks of the en- 
emy, losing thirty men killed and wounded. 
TTnder its fire, the foe forsook a stand of colors ; 
and in its immediate front 105 dead rebels 
were found. 

The Thirtieth was transferred to the First 
Brigade on the 5th of August, and on the 29th 
the non-veterans were mustered out. On the 
31st, the rebels attacked the line of the First 
Brigade, but were repulsed, the Thirtieth los- 
ing in this encounter twenty-five men killed 
and wounded. 

On the 2d of September, Jonesboro was 
evacuated by the enemy, the regiment pursu- 
ing them to Lovejoy's Station. After spend- 
ing several weeks in camp at East Point, the 
Thirtieth followed in the pursuit of Hood's 
army into Alabama, returned to Atlanta, then 
marched to Fort McAllister and took part in 
the successful assault on that place. 

After the fall of Savannah, the regiment 
passed through the Carolinas, having a sharp 
engagement with Johnson at Bentonville, and 
frequent skirmishes with the enemy. It ar- 
rived at Goldsboro March 24, 1865 ; then pro- 
ceeded to Raleigh on the 14th of April, and 
aided in the capture of Johnson's army. 

The Thirtieth marched to Washington via 
Richmond, and after passing in review, moved 
to Louisville, Ky., and thence to Little Rock, 
Ark. Here the regiment remained in camp 
until mustered out August 21, 1865, having 
participated in twenty different engagements, 
and having its colors shot in almost every 
battle. 

Company E lost, while in the field, ten killed, 
fifteen wounded, and twenty-eight died of dis- 
ease contracted in the service. 

COMPANY B. 

Gibson, William, e. March, 1864, disc. August 13, 1865. 

Maj. Elijah Waruer, e. August 19, 1861, entered the serv- 
ice as Captain of Company B., promoted to Major 
November 3, 1861, wounded May22, 1863, at "Vicksburg, 
Miss., resigned November 9, 1864. 

COMPANY E. 

Capt. J. D. Bain, e. September 10, 1861, disc. August 13, 
1864, entered the service as Second Lieutenant. 

Capt. Joseph Collins, e. January 28, 1862, disc. January 7, 
1865. 

First Lieut. H. K. Brinkerhoff, e. August 19, 1861, trans- 
ferred and promoted Lieutenant Colonel of negro regi- 
ment. 



468 



UNION COUNTY 



First Lieut. William S. Hatcher, e. January 1, ] 863, disc. 

June 1, 1865. 
First Lieut. James Trotter, disc. January 9, 1865. 
•Second Lieut. Henry Hensel, e. August 0, 1861, disc. May 

15, 1862. 
Sergt. Horace Beach, e. August 19, 1S61, disc. August 31, 

1864. 
Sergt. Joseph Beach, e. August 19, 1861, disc. June 2.o, 

1865. 
Sergt. B. Burton, e. February 1, 1864, disc. August 13, 

1865. 
Sergt. J. C. Collier, e. August 19, 1861, disc. August 13, 

1865. 
Sero-t. John Engle, e. .\ugust 19, 1861, killed at Atlanta, 

Ga.", August 10, 1864. 
!5ergt. Hiram Koney, e. August 19, 1861, disc. July 6, 1865, 
wounded at Fort McAllister, Ga., December 13, 1864. 
Corp. Amos Beach, e. August 19, 1861, disc. August 13, 

1865. 
Corp. James Brobeck, e. August 19, 1862, killed in action 

near .Atlanta, Ga., August 10, 1864, 
Corp. Caleb Green, e. August 19, 1861, died December 16, 

1863, at Columbus, Ohio. 
Corp. Benjamin Gamble, e. August 19, 1861, died Septem- 
ber 1, 1863, in hospital at St. Louis, Mo. 
Corp. Alexander Harkness, e. August 19, 1861, disc. Au- 
gust 31, 1804. 
Corp. James G. LaugstafT, e. August 19, 1861, disc. August 

31, 1864, woumied at Vicksburg, Miss. 
Corp. Robert McCrory, e. August 19, 1861, disc. Sep- 
tember 3, 1863. 
Corp. John A. Porter, e. August 19, 1861, sent to hospital, 

New Berne, N. C, and not again heard from. 
Corp. Addison Wells, e. August 19, 1861, disc. August 13, 

1864. 
Coi-p. A. J. WoUam, e. August 19, 1861, wounded Sep- 
tember 17, 1862, at Antietam, Md., killed near Atlanta, 
Gh., August 10, 1864. 
.\shbaugh, D. U., e. August 13, 1862, disc. June 18, 1865. 
Ashbaugh. M. 0., e. August 19, 1861, disc. August 31, 

1864. 
Bercaw, Jeremiah, e. August 19, 1861, disc. February 24, 

1863. 
Buckley, Joseph, e. August 19, 1861, disc. August 13, 

1864. 
Buckley, Samuel, e.' August 19, 1861, disc. August 13 

1864. 
Beaver, William, e. August 19, 1861, disc. April 13, 1863, 

(lied August 17, 1880. 
Borland, William, e. September 5, 1861, disc. January 29, 
1883, wounded at South Mountain, Md., September 14, 
1862. 
Brown, William G., e. August 19, 1861, disc. August 31, 

1864. 
Bogau, Joseph, e. August 19, 1861, disc. August 31, 1864. 
Brinkerhofif, William B., e. August 19, 1861, disc. Feb- 
ruary 24, 1863. 
Cabo, John, e. August 19, 1861, disc. August 31, 1864. 
Collier, William, e. August 19, 1861, disc. January 7, 

1865. 
Cowen, James, e. March 10, 1862, disc. August 17, 1863. 
Donalsou, D. M., e. August 13, 1862, died in hospital at 

St. Louis, Mo., February 8, 1863. 
Dennis, AV. H., e. August 29, 1861, disc. August 13, 1865. 
Ellis, D. W., e. August 19, 1861, died in hospital at 

Camp Union, Va., May 6, 1862. 
Forquer, Peter, e. March 26, 1862, disc. March 29, 1865, 
Wounded at South Mountain, Md., September 14, 1862. 
Freshwater, George, e. August 19, 1861, disc. August 13, 

1865. 
Fleck, T. S., e. August 19, 1861, disc. December 2, 1862, 

wounded at Antietsvm, Md., September 17, 1862. 
Fultz, John, e. August 13, 1862, died near Vicksburg, 

Miss., July 24, 1863. 
Grubb, B. C, e. August 13, 1862, died at Young's Point, 

May 9, 1863. 
Grubb, William C, e. August 19, 1861, disc. December 29, 

1864. 
Grauam, H., e. August 19, 1801, disc. August 13, 1865. 
Hamilton, J. E., e. August 19, 1861, died in hospital. 

Camp Union, Va., May 6, 1862. 
Huffvine, Moses, e. August 19, 1861, disc. November 14, 
1862, wounded at South Mountain, Md., Sept. 14, 1862. 
Huffvine, William H., e. August 19, 1861,disc. November 

24, 1864. 
Hofliiier, Lewis, e. August 19, 1861, disc. February 7,1864. 
Hahn, William F., e. Augu.st 19, 1861, disc. February 1, 

1864, wounded at Antietam, Md., Sept 17, 1802. 
Hahn, William H., e. August 24, 1861, disc. August 13, 
1864. 



Houts, Joseph, e. August 19, 1801, died in hospital. Camp 

Ewing, Va., October 18, 1861. 
Hudson, Joseph, e. August 19, 1861, killed in action, near 

South Mountain, Md., September 14, 1S62. 
Hill, Andrew, e. August 19, 1861, wounded at South 

Mountain, aid., September 14, 1862. 
Johnson. Samuel, e. August 19, 1861, died in hospital at 

Camp Union, Va., April 29, 1862. 
Johnson, H., e. August 20, 1862, died at St. Louis, Mo. 
Jackson, William H., e. August 13, 1802, died in hospital 

at Louis, Mo.. August 16, 1863. 
Layinaster, D. D., killed at Atlanta, Ga., August 24,1864. 
Laccoarce, William C, e. August 24, 1861, disc. August 

31, 1864. 
Laccoarce, Alouzo, e. August 19, 1861, disc. June 25 , 

1865, wounded at Vicksburg, Miss., May 22,1862. 
Langsta£f, J. 0., e. September 5, 1861, killed at Mission 

Ridge, Tonn., November 25, 1863. 
Moore, S., e. August 19, 1861, disc. September 31, 1§63. 
Moore , Albert, e. March 7, 1862, disc. March 6, 1863, taken 

prisoner. 
Moore, F. M., e. August 19, 1861, disc. August 13, 1865. 
Marsh, David, e. July 13, 1862, died in hospital at Jack- 
son, Miss., July 17, 1803. 
Merryman, James M., e. August 19, 1861, disc. August 

13, 1865, taken prisoner July 22, 1864. 
Mahaffy, Alexander, e. August 19, 1861. 
Morrow, Henry, e. August 13, 1862, died on United States 

hospital steamer McDougal, August 13, 1863. 
MuUe'n, Ezekiel, e. August 19, 1861, died in Hospital at 

Camp Union, Va., April 11, 1862. 
Mahaffy, Jefferson, e. August 19, 1861, reported missing 

at Cairo, 111., January, 1863. 
McCumber, Walter, e. .\ugust 19, 1861, disc. July 6, 1862. 
McGumber, Zeno, e. August 19, 1861, died at Van Buren 

Hospital. La., June 1, 1863. 
McGumber William, e. August 19, 1861, died at home, 

December 10, 1862. 
Mclntire, Joseph, e. August 19, 1861, died while at home 

on furlough, September 23, 1863. 
Mclntire, James, e. August 24, 1861, died in hospital at 

Columbus, Ohio, May 11, 1864. 
McKim, David, e. August 19, 1861, died while en route 

home on veteran furlough, August 9, 1864. 
Martin, Theodore, e. August 19, 1861, disc. August 13, 

1805, died at Bell Point, Ohio, 1877. 
Norris, Robert, e. August 13, 1862, disc. May 31, 1865. 
Noble, Lewis C, e. August 28, 1861, disc. August 13, 

1804. 
Patterson, John A., e. August 19, 1861, diedat,Cinciunati, 

Ohio, April 16, 1862. 
Patterson, Robert, e. August 13, 1862, killed at Atlanta, 

Ga., August 24, 1864. 
Perry, Daniel, e. August 13. 1862, disc. May 31, 1865. 
Perry, Luther, e. August 19, 1861, died at Plain City, 

Ohio, February 28, 1865. 
Perkins. Atlas, e. August 19, 1861, died at Gauley's Bridge 

Hospital, Va., October .3, 1861. 
Preston, Thomas H., e. August 13, 1862, disc. May 31, 1865. 
Roney, Jesse, e. \ugust 19, 1861, disc. August 13, 1865, 

wounded at South Mountain, Md., Sept. 14, 1802. 
Buehlen, Solomon, August 19, 1801, disc. November* 4, 

1863, wounded at Vicksburg, Miss., May 22, 1863. 
Scofield, James, e. August 19, 1801, disc. August 31, 1864. 
Scott, David S., e. August 19, 1861, died in hospital at 

Camp Union, Va., February 26, 1862. 
Stephens Saulsbery, e. August 19, 1861, disc. August 13, 

1S64. 
Shaw, Thomas, e. August 13, 1862. 
Skinner, L. B., e. August 19, 1861, killed at Atlanta, Ga., 

July 22, 1864. 
Smith, 0. D., e. August 19, 1861, wounded*. 
Smith, David, e. August 13, 1862, died in regiment hos- 
pital. Camp Sherman, Miss., August 18, 1863. 
Stevens, James, e. August 19, 1861, died in regiment hos- 
pital, at Camp Union, Va., January 9, 1862. 
Thomas, Byron, e. .\ugust 19, 1861, disc. August 13, 1864, 
wounded at South Mountain, Md., September 14, 1862. 
Taylor, Adam, e. August 19, 1801. 

Urton, T. P. e. August 19, 1861, killed at Keuesaw Mount- 
ain, Ga., June 27, 1804. 
Wells. William, e. August 29,1801, died at home, Septem- 
ber 1, 1802. 
WoUam, A. J., e. .Vugust 19, 1861, killed near Atlanta, Ga., 

August 10, 1864. 
Wagnor, James, e. May 10, 1864. 
Webb, S. P., e. August 22. 1862. 
Wood, Aaron, Aus.'u.st 19, 1862, died in hospital at Young's 

Point, La., Mav~23, 1863. 
Wolf, John M., e. .Vugust 13, 1862. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



469 



THIRTY-FIRST OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Thirty-first Ohio Infantry was organ- 
ized at Camp Chase, in August, 1861, under 
Col. Moses B. Walker. 

Company F, of this regiment, was recruited 
in Union County, and mustei'ed into the serv- 
ice with A. J. Sterling as Captain ; J. A. Cahill, 
First Lieutenant; John Hartshorn, Second 
Lieutenant, and J. J. ^liller, First Sergeant. 

Of the one hundred and fifteen men from 
this county who served in Company F, 
twenty-four died on the field and in the hos- 
pitals, twenty-eight were wounded, and five 
were taken prisoners. Several other com- 
panies of this regiment also contained repre- 
sentatives from Union County. 

About the 1st of October, the Thirty-first 
crossed the Ohio Pdver and entered Kentucky, 
where it was disciplined, drilled, and pre- 
pared for the duties of the field. In January, 
1862, it mai'ched to the assistance of Gen. 
Thomas, and took part in the battle of Mill 
Springs, after which it was assigned to the 
First Brigade, First division. Army of the 
Ohio. 

It joined Buell's army at Nashville, moved 
to Pittsburg Landing, then took part in the 
siege of Corinth. In June, it moved upon 
luka, and, after its capture, proceeded toward 
Tuscumbia. The Thirty-first continued to oper- 
ate in Tennessee until Buell's campaign in 
Kentucky opened, when it participated in that 
terrible march from Battle Creek to Louisville, 
and was present at the battle of Perryville, 
Ky. In November, the regiment, unaided by 
other troops, defeated a brigade of Confederate 
cavalry, commanded by Gen. Bazel Duke, near 
Gallatin, Tenn. 

The Thirty-first was assigned to the Four- 
teenth Army Corps at the lime that corps was 
organized, and " the boys" of this regiment 
wore the " Blue Acorn" — signifying the Third 
Division, Fourteenth Army Corps — until mus- 
tered out. 

In the battle of Stone River, this regiment 
occupied the right center, and was in the bri- 
gade that turned the rebel lines at Hoover's 
Gap. Moving through Tullahoma to Chat- 
tanooga, it was next engaged at Chickamauga, 
on the 19th and 20th of September, and held a 
position on Snodgrass Hill, in that portion of 
the army commanded by Gen. Thomas in per- 
son. In this battle. Company F lost P. L. 
Seaman, D. M. Cahill and Elmer Dauforth, 
killed ; Harrison Hosack and R. S. Rea, mor- 
tally wounded ; Capt. A. J. Sterling, H. S. 
Colver, J. N. Carter, James Cooley, D. W. Mc-. 
Ilroy, J. J. Miller, J. A. North, Allen Strick- 
land, H. N. W. Simmons, J. H. Thompson, 
Winfield Winters, R. Williams, L. B. Glenn, 
D. J. Cheney and B. Tucker wounded, and N. 
F. Swank taken prisoner — twenty-one out of 
the forty-three wlio answered to roll-call on 
the morning of the 19th. 

The regiment was next engaged at Brown's 
Ferry, then followed the battle of Mission 



Ridge, where the colors of the Thirty-first 
were the first to wave on the enemy's works. 
It was specially complimented by General 
Thomas for its gallant service on this occasion. 
In January, 1864, the Thirty-first i-e-enlist- 
ed, and on the expiration of veteran furlough, 
joined Sherman's army at Ringgold, and was 
in the front line from Chattanooga to Atlanta, 
sustaining heavy losses at Resaca, Kenesaw 
Mountain, Peach Tree Creek and Sand Town 
Road. Company F lost in this campaign Capt. 
James A. Cahill, ^Y. AV. McKee, William Will- 
iams, J. H. Chapman and John Smith, killed; 
William Knox and S. T. Merritt, mortally 
wounded, and J. Harriman, E. Clark, S. Mc- 
Neil, W. M. Blake, E. Brown, M. Blue, T. H. 
Chapman, H. E. W. Fields, H. T. Shirk, D. J. 
Phelps and E. Lister, wounded. 

This regiment was in the left wing of Sher- 
man's army " while marching through Geor- 
gia;" then moving from Savannah through the 
Caroliuas, was in the battle of Bentonville, 
and near Raleigh at the time of Johnston's 
surrender ; marched to Washington City and 
took pai't in the grand review on the 25th of 
May, 1865. 

The Thirty-first was mustered out at Louis- 
ville, Ky., July 20, and discharged at Colum- 
bus, Ohio, on the 26th of July, 1865, proud 
to have belonged to the Army of the Cum- 
berland, commanded by George H. Thomas, 
and of its faded "battle flag," all tattered and 
torn, which it had carried over the hills of 
Western Kentucky, against Morgan and 
Wheeler, across the State of Tennessee 
to the field of Shiloh and the siege of Cor- 
inth, on Buell's march to Louisville, Ky. Then 
upon the fields of Perryville, Harrodsburg, 
Cage Ford, Lavergne, Stone River, Triune, 
Hoover's Gap, Tullahoma, McMinnville and 
Chickamauga, where eight of its brave defend- 
ers were shot down while bearing the old flag 
aloft; again at Brown's Ferry and JVIission 
Ridge — where two more of its bearers fell — 
home on veteran furlough, then into the bat- 
tles of Tunnel Hill, Rocky Face Gap and Res- 
aca. 

The banner was "rent with seam and 
gash," having been pierced by eighty-nine 
bullets, and the staff by ten more. 

COMPANY A. 

Carter, J. N., e. August 17, 18G1; disc. July 20, 1865. 
Carter, 0. N.. e. 1861 ; disc. 1861. 

COMPANY C. 

.Johnson, P., e. October 6, 1862; transferred to invalid 
corps May, 1864 ; died at home. 

COMPANY E. 

Corporal C. Andrews, e. February 22, 1864 ; disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Clark, Seth, e. February 20, 1864 ; disc. July 20, 1865. 
Clark, B., e. February 13, 1864; disc. November 24, 1864. 
Darling, John J., e. February 23, 1864; disc. Januarys, 

1865 ; wounded at Eesaca, Ga. May 14, 1864. 
Parish, D. C, e. March 8, 1864 ; disc. June 10, 1865 ; 

taken prisoner at Kingston, N. C, March 14, 1865. 
Scott, John, e. February 19, 1864 ; died at Savannah, 

Ga., February 14, 1865. 



470 



UNION COUNTY 



COMPANY F. 

Capt. A. J. sterling:, e. August 1, 1861 ; disc. November 

24, 1863; wounded at Chickamauga September 20, 

1863 ; disc. November 24, 186a, in consequence of 

wound ; after recovering, assisted in organizing, and 

served as Lieutenant Colonel in the 174th 0. V. I. 
First Lieutenant James A. Cahill, e. August 1, 1861; 

promoted to Captain June 2-3, 1863; killed at Kene- 

saw Mountain, Ga., July 23, 1864; buried in Section E, 

National Cemetery, Chattanooga, Tenn. 
Second Lieutenant .John Hartshorne, e. August 22, 1861 ; 

disc. February 12, 1863. 
Sergeant K. N. Bault, e. September 1, 1861 ; disc. July 

20, 1865. 
Sergeant Emanuel Clark, e. August 2, 1861 ; disc. July 

20, 1865; wd. at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864; promoted 

to Second Lieutenant March 9, 1864. 
Sergeant J. S. Lawrence, e. August 20, 1861 ; disc. July 

20, 1865. 
Sergeant Samuel McNeil, e. August 17, 1861 ; disc. July 

26, 1865; wd. at Mission Ridge, Ga., November 25, 

1863. 
Sergeant P. L. Seaman, e. August 25, 1861; killed Sep- 
tember 20, 1863, at Chickamauga, Ga. 
Corporal Alvin Allen, e. August 17, 1861 ; disc. Novem- 
ber 11,1862; died. 
Corporal John C. Babbs, e. August 17, 1861 ; disc. July 

20, 1865. 
Corporal Thomas Beathard, e. August 17, 1861 ; disc. 

July 20, 1865. 
Corporal R. H. Eastman, e. September 19. 1861 ; disc. 

July 20, 1865. 
Corporal L. B. Glenn, e. October 23, 1861 ; disc. October 

23, 1864 ; wd. at Chatfcinooga, Tenn., in 1863. 
Corijoral A. Lockwood, e. September 3, 1861; disc. 

March 10, 1863. 
Adams, H. D., e. August. 1861 ; disc. July 20, 1865 ; taken 

prisoner at Memphis, Tenn., June 6, 1862. 
Argo, Emanuel, e. August 25, 1861 ; disc. July 20, 1865. 
Andrews, John H., e. August 29, 1861; disc. July 20, 

1865; promoted to Corporal March 10, 1864. 
Andrews, Henry D., e. August, 1861. 
Benedict, J. B., e. September 3, 1861 ; died March 5, 

1862, at Lebanon, Ky. 
Benedict, W. H., e. August 25, 1864 ; disc. 1865. 
Brigham, Eaton, e. August 27, 1861 ; disc. June 29, 

1865. 
Brake, William M., e. September 1, 1863 ; disc. July 13, 

1865; wd. at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864. 
Bird, J. W., e. August 17, 1861 ; died at Washington, 

D. C. 
Bault, R. W., e. September, 1861; disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Brown, Erbin, e. February 27. 1804 ; wd. at Resaca, Ga., 

May, 1864 ; transferred to invalid corps. 
Babbs, William, e. February 19, 1864; disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Babbs, Calvin, e. February 19, 1864 ; disc. July 20, 1865. 
Blue, Michael, e. February 27, 1862 ; di«c. July 20 1865 ; 

wd. at Rf saca, Ga., May 14, 1804. 
Cahill, David J., e. August 17, 1861 ; disc. July 20, 1865. 
Cahill, Uriah, e. September 1, 1862; disc. July 27, 

1865. 
Cahill, D. M., e. August 17, 1801 ; killed at Chickamauga, 

Ga., September 19, 1863. 
Cahill, Isaac, e. August 17, 1861; died at Corinth, Miss., 

June 13, 1862. 
Colver, H. S., e. August 19, 1861 ; disc. September 19, 

1864 ; wd. at Chickamauga, Ga., September 19, 1863. 
Cunningham, John, e. October 1, 1862 ; disc. March 14 

1863. 
Craven, Benjamin F., e. August 17, 1801 ; disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Chapman, J. D., e. September 19, 1861 ; disc. 1864. ' 
Chapman, J. H., e. August 17, 1861 ; killed at Mission 

Ridge, Tenn., November 25, 1863. 
Chapman, Jesse, e. August 17, 1861; disc. July 20, 1865. 
Chapman, T. H., e. September 14, 1861; disc. May 25, 

1865 ; wd. at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864. 
Carter, Cyrus, e. September, 1861. 

Carter, Benjamin, e. September 3, 1861 ; disc. December 

16, 1802. 
Carter, William, e. August 17, 1861 ; disc. January 4, 

1862; died at Somerset, Ky. 
Carter, John N., e. August 17, 1861 ; disc. April 17, 1865 ; 

wd. at Chickamauga. Ga., September 19, 1863. 
Cooley, James, e. August 17 1861; disc. July 26, 1865; 

wd. at Chickamauga, Ga., September 19, 1863, and at 

Sand Town Road, eye, arm, hip and foot. 



Carr, William W., e. August 17, 1861; disc. July 20; 

1865. 
Cheney, D. J., e. August 17, 1861 ; disc. August 17, 1864, 

wd. at Chattanooga, Tenn., in 18C3. 
Danforth, Elmer, e. September 14, 1861 ; killed at Chicka- 
mauga, Ga., September 22, 1863. 
Davis, Alfred, e. August 17, 1861; disc. September 13, 

1862. 
Dodds, R. C, e. August 20, 1861; disc. July 20, 1805. 
Elliott, Uriah, e. August 25, 1861; disc. May 14, 1863. 
Elliott, John, e. August 17,1861; disc. July 20, 1865. 
Elliott, E. T., e. September 5, 1861; disc. December 30, 

1862. 
Fields, H. E. W., e. February 27, 1864; disc. 1865; wd. 

at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864; transferred to invalid 

corps. 
Fields, John, e. September, 1861; disc. May 25, 1865. 
Gladhill, Jeremiah, e. August 25, 1861 ; disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Glasscock, A. C, e. August 25, 1861 ; disc. February 27. 

1863. 
Glasscock, Joseph, e. August 25, 1861. 
Glasscock, W. P., e. August 25, 1861; disc. July 20, 1865. 
Gray, James I. 
Harrlman, George, e. August 1, 1861; disc. September 9, 

1864; disc, to accept commission as First Lieutenant 

of the 174th 0. V. I. ; wd. at Kingston, N. C. 
Harriman, Joshua, e. August 17, 1861 ; disc. July 20 1865; 

wd. at Kene.saw Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864; taken 

prisoner at Macon, Ga., 1864. 
Henning, J. K., e. August 17, 1861 ; disc. July 20, 1865. 
Hoover, William, e. December 23, 1863; disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Herd. H. D., e. August 28. 1861 ; disc. September 10, 1862. 
Holden, Jacob, e. August 17, 1861 ; disc. July 20, 1865. 
Horn, G. W. e. October 17, 1861, transferred to Invalid 

Corps, March 28, 1864. 
Hosack, Harrison, e. September 1, 1861, died October 27, 

1863, at Chattanooga, Tenn., of wounds received 
at Chickamauga, Ga., September 20, 1863. 

Higgins, A. J., e. August 17, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Kncx, William, e. December, 1863, died June 15, 1864, 

died of wounds received at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864. 
Lawrence, John W., e. August 20, 1861, disc. Septembei- 

19, 1864. 
Lister, Klijah, e. September 20, 1861, disc. June 10, 186.^. 

taken prisoner at Goldsborough, N. C. April 17, 186-'', 

wounded at Peach Tree Creek, July 20, 1864. 
McKee, William W., e. August, 1861, killed May 14, 1864, 

at Resaca, Ga. 
McKim, James H., e. August 17, 1861, died at Nashville. 

Tenn., October 17, 1862. 
McEldary, John, e. December 21, 1863, disc. May 20, 1865. 
Mcllroy, David W., e. August 17, 1861, di.sc. September 

19, 1864, wounded at Chickamauga, Ga. 
McMillin, Samuel, e. Februarv 19, 1864, disc. July 2i', 

1865. 
Miller, J. J., e. August 1, 1861, disc. July 24, 186.5, 

wounded at Chickamauga, Ga., September, 1863, pi'o- 

moted to Second Lieutenant in 1863, afterward to First 

Lieutenant. 
Miller, J. G., e. August 15, 1862, died January 26, 1863, 

at Gallatin, Tenn. 
Miller, Cornelius B., e. August 20, 1861, disc. July 11, 

1862. 
Mather, J. D., e. February 19, 1864, disc. July 27, 1865. 
Moore, Thomas, e. September 12, 1861, disc. January 28, 

1862 
Merritt, S. T., e. February 14, 1864, died September 18, 

1864, of wounds received at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., 
July 20, 1864. 

Merritt, C. D. A., e. Febniary 14, 1864, disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Moffitt, H, C, e. September 6, 1862, disc. Februarv 20, 

1863. 
Nash, D. W., e. August 25, 1861, disc. March 1, 1863. 
North, James A., e. August 22, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865, 

wounded at Chickamauga, Ga., September, promoted to 

Second Lieutenant, May 29, 1865. 
Overfield, Benjamin, e. September 19, 1861, transferred to 

Invalid Corps, February 15, 1864. 
Oatley, Jerome. 
Pinkerton, John S., e. August 20, 1861, disc. [July 20, 

1865. 
Price, Joseph, e. September 19, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865, 

taken prisoner at Pellham, Ala., 1862. 
Phelps, D. J., e. December 23, 1863, disc. July 20, 18C5, 

wounded at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864. 
Patterson, Charles M., e. September 1, 1862, died March 

4, 1863, at Murfreesboro, Tenn. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



471 



Purcell, William J., e. April 24, 1862, disc. April 24, 1865. 
Kea, Robert S., e. September 1, 1861, disc. May 5, 1864, 

died at Columbus, Ohio, of wounds received at Chicka- 

mauga, Ga., 1863. 
Roberts, B. F., e. September 5, 1861, died September 21, 

1865, at Essex, Union County, Ohio. 
Ross, Thomas, e. November 26, 1863, wounded at Resaca, 

6a., May 14, 1864, transferred to Invalid Corps. 
Stout, Joseph, e. September 18, 1861. 
Stout, W. H. H., e. September 18, 1861, disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Sterling, David, e. September 20, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Smith, John, e. February 14, 1864, died June 18, 1864, 

at Big Shanty, Ga. 
Swank, Nelson F., e. August 17, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865, 

taken prisoner at Chickamauga, Ga., September 20, 

1863. 
Strickland, Allen, e. August 20, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865, 

wounded at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. 
Simmons, H. N. W., e. August 17, 1861, disc. July 20, 

1865, wounded at Chickamauga, Ga., September 20, 

1863. 
Shirk, H. T., e. September, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865, 

wounded at Resaca, Ga., died at home, July 29, 1869. 
Snedeker, William, e. September 18, 1861, died July 8, 

1862, at Nashville, Tenn. 
Thompson, J. H., e. August 15, 1861, disc. September 19, 

1864, wounded at Chickamauga, Ga., September 20, 

1863. 
Tucker, Benjamin, e. August 25, 1861, disc. September 5, 

1864, wounded at Chickamauga. 
Turner, John, e. August 25, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Turner, Jeremiah, e. September 21, 1861, disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Winters, Winfield, e. August 17, 1861, disc. September 19, 

1864, wounded at Chickamauga, 6a., 1863. 
Wilev, Penrose, e. February 19, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Wright, C. C, e. August 17, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Wells, Daniel W., e. August 17, 18G1, died while home 

on veteran furlough, at Byhalia, Ohio. 
Wheeler, E. M., e. September 13, 1861, disc. July 11, 1862. 
Wooly, William. 
Williams, R., e. August 17, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865, 

wounded at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 20, 1863. 
Williams, W., e. August 1, 1861, killed at Atlanta, Ga., 

August 8, 1864. 
Wilber, J. G., e. August 27, 1862, disc. February 26, 1863. 
Wood, William, e. February, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Gilland, N. P., e. September 14, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Filler, Charles W., e. August 20, 1861, disc. June 2, 1865, 
taken prisoner September 19, 1863. 



THIRTY-SECOND OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Thirty-second Ohio Infantry was organ- 
ized during the summer of 1861, under Col. T. 
C. Ford, and was one of the first regiments to 
answer the call of the President for three 
years' service. 

Company B, of this regiment, was recruited 
in Union and Champaign Counties, and was 
mustered into the service at Camp Chase, Au- 
gust 9, 1861, with the following commissioned 
officers : W. A. Palmer, Captain ; A. B. Par- 
meter, First Lieutenant, and J. B. Whelpley, 
Second Lieutenant. It then joined the regi- 
ment at Camp Bartley, near Mansfield. Be- 
sides Company B, Companies C, D, £, F, G, H, 
and K also contained men from Union County. 

After remaining a short time at Camp Bart- 
ley, the regiment was transferred to Camp 
Dennison, where it was equipped, armed and 
ordered to the front, joining the Union forces 
at Cheat Mountain Summit, West Virginia, 
on the 3d of October. In December, it ac- 
companied Gen. Milroy in the movement upon 
Camp Alleghany, losing on this occasion four 



killed and fourteen wounded. After this ex- 
pedition, the regiment spent the winter in 
camp at Beverly, and in the spring of 1862 
took part in the actions against Camp Allegha- 
ny, Huntsville and McDowell. In the engage- 
ment at Bull Pasture Mountain, on the 8th of 
May, when the Union army fell back to Frank- 
lin closely followed by the enemy, the Thirty- 
second was the last regiment to leave the field, 
and lost on this occasion six killed and fifty- 
three wounded. While at Franklin, it was 
transferred to Gen. Schenck's brigade, and 
was with Gen. Fremont in the Shenandoah 
Valley, and shared in the engagements at 
Cross Keys and Port Republic on the 8th and 
9th of .June. Returning up the valley, it re- 
mained at Winchester, Va., until September 1, 
then moved to Harper's Ferry, losing 150 men 
in the engagement on the 14th. Of Company 
B, J. E. Webb was killed ; L. A. Mcintosh, D. 
Rose and .J. D. Webster, mortally wounded, 
and T. J. Conner and J. B. Russell, wounded. 
Capt. Palmer having resigned, the command of 
the company devolved upon Lieut. George 
Sinclair, who was promoted to Captain on the 
22d of December. 

In .January, 1863, the regiment was ordered 
South, joined the army at Memphis, Tenn., 
and was assigned to Logan's division. Seven- 
teenth Army Corps, and was with the army 
under Grant in his advance in the rear of 
Vicksburg, taking part in the action at Port 
Gibson and in the battles of Raymond, Jack- 
son and Champion Hills. In the last-named 
engagement, it made a bayonet charge, and 
captured the First Mississippi Rebel Battery. 
For this feat of gallantry, the battery was 
turned over to Company F, of this regiment, 
which became the Twenty-sixth Ohio Battery. 

In the assault upon Vicksburg in May, 1863, 
the regiment was in the front line of the 
forces operating against that rebel stronghold, 
and it, with the Fourth Division, Seventeenth 
Corps, Gen. .J. A. Logan commanding, was 
detailed to take possession at the surrender. 

The Thirty-second lost in this campaign and 
siege 225 men. In July, 1863, the regi- 
ment moved with Stevenson to Monroe, La., 
and in October accompanied McPherson to 
Brownsville, Miss. In February, 1864, it op- 
erated under Sherman at Meridian, then re- 
turned to Vicksburg, re-enlisted, and, after the 
furlough home, joined Sherman's army at Ac- 
worth, Ga., on the 10th of June. It waw 
in the assault on Kenesaw Mountain, on the 
27th of June, and at Nicojack Creek on the 
10th of July. In the fighting around Atlanta 
on the 20th, 21st, 22d and 28th, the Thirty- 
second took an active part, losing more than 
half its numbers. Of Company B, J. K. Pe- 
ters, Jacob Fritz, W. B. Mitchell and J. W. 
Shirk were killed; S. H. Blake and S. Emery, 
mortally wounded ; .John Wiley, D. McCloud, 
R. Columber, C. P. Robinson and M. Sullivan, 
wounded, and T. C. McDowell, E. C. McMul- 
len, G. F. Peters, William Flago and Gideon 
Stork, taken prisoners. 



472 



UNION COUNTY 



After the fall of Atlanta, the regiment 
joined in the pursuit of Hood, marched with 
Sherman to the sea, and through the Carolinas, 
and on the 20th and '21st of March, 1865, 
took part in the engagement at Beutonville, 
then moved with the national forces to llal- 
eigh, and was present at Johnston's surrender. 
Marched through Richmond to Washington, 
and took part in the grand review before the 
President and his Cabinet. After which, it 
moved to Louisville, Ky., was mustered out 
of the service July 20, then proceeded to Co- 
lumbus, Ohio, where the men received their 
final discharge on the 25th day of July, 
1865. 

It is claimed that the Thirty-second Regi- 
ment lost and received more men than any 
other from Ohio. Company B entered the 
field in September, 1861, 108 strong, and dur- 
ing the war received sixty-eight recruits, mak- 
ing the total number of enlistments 176. The 
company lost while in the field ten killed and 
died of wounds, eleven wounded, seventeen 
died of disease, and seven taken prisoners. 

Russell B. Bennett, Chaplain of the Thirty- 
second, was known in the Seventeenth Army 
Corps as the " fighting Chaplain.'" He first 
enlisted in the regiment as a private, and was 
a good and brave soldier in the ranks. When 
Chaplain Nickerson resigned and left the serv- 
ice, Bennett was promoted to the Chaplaincy 
of the regiment. 

He not only believed in the efficacy of 
prayer, but also believed in the efficacy of shot 
and shell, and, instead of remaining in the 
rear during an engagement, he was always up 
in the front line, not only to minister to the 
wounded and dying, but, with gun in hand, 
took his place in the ranks and encouraged 
the soldiers by his coolness and bravery. 

Of the many instances in which he rendered 
good services during a battle, we give one as 
related by the boys of the regiment: 

On the day the brave and gallant McPherson 
fell, July 22, 1864, the Seventeenth Corps was 
hotly engaged. The Thirty-second Regiment 
was flanked on all sides, and was compelled to 
change front several times, not knowing in 
what direction to next look for the enemy. 

At one time, during a few moments' lull in 
the battle, the Thirty-second was lying down 
in the edge of a corn-field waiting for the next 
attack, the Chaplain, cautioning the boys to 
lie very still, and protect themselves as best 
they could, advanced into the coru-field to 
make a reconnoissance, and, mounting a stump 
some forty or fifty yards in front of the line, 
discovered the battle line of the enemy rapid- 
ly advancing, and, moving back to his regi- 
ment, passed the word along the line that the 
enemy were close upon them; then, taking 
the musket of William B. Mitchell, of Compa- 
ny B — brother to John and James Mitchell, 
•of Marysville — he fired on the advancing line, 
Mitchell, lying upon the ground, would rapid- 
ly re-load the guu, and again Bennett would 
fire, and all the time exhorting the boys to 



"lie low" until the enemy were close upon 
them, then to ■' fire low." 

All this time he stood erect, not seeming to 
have any thought of his own safety, but only 
solicitous for the soldiers of the regiment, 
whom he loved dearly. Mitchell was killed 
as he lay on the ground, and, his body falling 
into the hands of the enemy, was never recov- 
ered. Bennett was universally respected and 
loved by all the officers and soldiers of the 
regiment, and to-day the boys all have a good 
word for Chaplain Bennett. 



COMPANY B. 

Capt, J. F. Johnson, e. January 20, 1863, disc. July 31 

1865. 
Cajjt. William A. Palmer, e. August 9, 1861, disc. Decem- 
ber 22, 1862. 
Capt. George Sinclair, e. August 9, 1801, disc. July 20, 
1865. Commissioned Second Lieut. February, 1862, 
First Lieut. June, 1862, and Capt. February, 1863 ; 
wounded July 21, 1864. 
Capt. John Wiley, e. August 9, 1861, disc. December 22, 
1804. Commissioned Second Lieut. January, 1863, 
First Lieut. February, 1863, and Capt. August, 1864 ; 
wounded July 21, 1864. 
First Lieut. H. G. Johnson, e. September 14, 1861, disc. 

June 16, 1862. 
First Lieut. A. B. Parmeter, e. August 9,1861. Resigned 

September 15, 1861. , 

First Lieut. William Kosecrants, e. August 9, 1861, disc. 

July 20, 1865. 
First Lieut. C. H. Stewart, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 

20, 1865. 
First Lieut. Dwight Webb, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 
20, 1865. Taken prisoner at Pocotaligo, S. C, 1864. 
Promoted to Captain July 18, 1865. 
First Lieut. J. B. Whelpley, e. August '.i, 1861. Kesigned 
January 27, 1863. Army registerand commission record 
give January 24, 1802, as date of resignation. 
Second Lieut. Joseph W. Davis, e. July, 1861, disc. July 

20, :80.5. 
Second Lieut. W. G. Snodgrass, e. August 9, 1861, disc. 

.luly 31, 1865. 
Sergt. B. F. Cummings, e. August 9, 1861. 
Sergt. C. S. De Witt, e. January 1, 1864, disc. July 20,- 

1865. 
Sergt. Marion Hopkins, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Sergt. F. E. Hyde, e. August 9, 1861, disc. January 26, 

1863. 
Sergt. H. M. Rouse, e. August 9, 1861, disc. April 15,1862. 
Sergt. 1). C. Shepherd, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Corp. John Blythe, e. January 1, 1864, disc. March 14, 

1805. 
Corp. J. W. Filson, e. January 1, 1864, disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Corp. D. C. Groves, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Corp. L. Hard, e. August 9, 1801. disc. July 20, 1865. 
Corp. Joseph P. Marriott, e. August 9, 1861. Died at 

Vicksburg, Miss., August 20, 1863. 
Corp. T. C. McDowell, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 
1805. Taken prisoner at Atlanta, Ga., 1864 ; in Ander- 
sonville prison sixty days. 
Corp. David McCloud, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 

1865. Wounded at Atlanta, Ga., July 22, 1864. 
Corp. William M. McLain, e. August 9, 1801. 
Corp. James K. Peters, e. August 9, 1861. Killed at 

Atlanta, Ga., July 22, 1864. 
Corp. Gilbert J. Stark, e. August 9, 1861, disc. June 17, 

1865. 
Corp. James E. Safford, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 

1805. 
Corp. John Stewart, e. August 9, 1861. 
Corp. Thomas P. Wren, e. August 9, 1801. 
Musician A. N. Downer, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Musician A. D. Glendening, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 

20, 1865. 
Musician 0. D. Lawler, e. January 1, 1864. Died in hos- 
pital at Marietta, Ga., July 29, 1864. 
Wagoner John Deavers, e. August 9, 1861. 
Teamster Charlies Pryor, e. August 9, 1861. Wounded 
December 31, 1861, at Alleghany Mountains, W. Va. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



473 



Allison, John, e. August 9, 18G1, disc. August 6, 1862. 
Ault, Joseph, e. August 0, 1862, disc. January 15, 1863. 
Butz, Solomon, e. October 27, 1863, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Barton, Benjamin, e. December 15, 1864, disc. July 20, 

1805. 
Blake, Samuel H., e. August 9, 1861. Died of wounds re- 
ceived at Atlanta, Ga., July 21, 1864. 
Blake, Henry W., e. September 14, 1861, disc. January 18, 

1863. Died March 7, 18G7. 
Brooks, Davis, e. March 3, 1863, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Brothers, Jesse, e. August, 18G1, disc. June 18, 1865. 

Died. 
Bailey, William, e. August 9, 1861, disc. September 1, 

1861. 
Bates, J. L. R., e. August 9, 1861, disc. January 26, 1865. 
Bates, Ancil, e. September 14, 1861, disc. January 26, 1865. 
Bates, Thomas M., e. January 1, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Brake, James A., e. August 6", 1862, disc. May 29, 1865. 
Bfake, .John, e. December 13,1863, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Cook, George W., e. August 9, 1861, disc. March 27, 1865. 
Conner, Thomas J., e. August 6, 1862, disc. April 10, 1863. 

Wounded and taken prisoner at Harper's Ferry, Va., 

September 13 1862. 
Conner, Florence, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Cooledge, Joshua. 
Clark, George, e. August 9, 1861. 
Carlton, E. S., e. March 1, 1863, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Converse, H. M., e. August 9, 1861, disc. November 11, 

1861. 
Chancy, William, e. August 9, 1861, disc. June 21 , 1865. 
Cartmell, Joseph B., e. August 9, 1861, disc. October 20, 

1862. 
Columber, R., e. October 27, 1863, disc. February 10,1865. 

Wounded at Atlanta, Ga., July 22, 1864. 
Diltz, L. G., e. August 1, 1861. 
Drew, Jerry, e. January 15, 1864. 
Dodson, W. R., e. August 9, 1861. 
Emaliup, Martin. 
Enoch, William, e. January 14, 1864. Died at Columbus, 

Ohio, July 26, 1865. 
Emry, S., e. January 15, 1864. Died of wounds received 

July 22, 1864, at Atlanta, Ga. 
Fritz, Jacob, e. August 21, 1863. Killed at Atlanta, Ga., 

July 22, 1864. 
Fritz, George, e. February 22, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Freeman, C, 0., e. September 29, 1863, died April 30, 

1865. 
FuUington, Jackson, e. August 6, 1862, disc. May 29, 1865. 
FuUington, E. B., e. September 14, 1861, disc. September 
I! a, 1864. 

Fox, D. R., e. August 9, 1861. 
Flago, Thomas B., e.| August 9, 1861. Taken prisoner at 

Atlanta. 
Galloway, S. P., e. August 9, 1861, disc. May 4,1865. 
Galloway, H. W., e. January 17, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Goodyear, W. J., e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1864. 
Gibson, William, e. January 16, 1864. Died in hospital 

at Marietta, Ga., July, 1864. 
Gibsou, Stewart, e. August 9, 1861. Died at Hutsonville, 

W. Va., October 29, 1861. 
Gibsou, Henry, e. February 16, 1865, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Guy, Charles, e. March 17, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Green, Noah, e. December 14, 1863, disc. July 20, 1865. 
George, Michael, e. February 9, 1865, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Gardner, Francis, e. August 9, 1861. Died at Beverly, 

Va., December 21, 1861. 
Gearheart, J. N., e. August 9, 1861, disc. March 16, 1864. 
Hathaway, Elias, e. August 6, 1862, disc. May 29, 1865. 

Wounded at Nlcojack Creek, Ga., July 10, 1864. 
Hathaway, Benjamin, e. May 13, 1864. 
Hunter, Samuel, e. February 15, 1865, disc. June 27, 1865. 
Hill, William, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20,1865. 
Hill, Harvey, e. August 9, 1861. 

Hill, Henry, e. November 15, 1864, disc July 20,1865. 
Hill, Samuel A., e. August 9, 1861, disc. March 16, 1864. 
Holycross, V., e. August 9, 1861, disc. October 21, 1861. 
Holycross, L. M., e. August 9, 1861, died at Camp Steven- 
son, Ala., August 2, 1864. 
Higby, George, e. February 7, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Hemmel, John, e. November 18, 1864, disc. July 7, 1865. 
Hemmel, Charles, e, November 21, 1864. 
Hewitt, H. M., e. August 9,1861. 

Hamilton, Isaac, e. Augus^9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Hale, William M., e. August 9, 1861, disc. March 22, 1863. 
Hoffman, Frederick, e. November 19, 1863, dis. July 'iO, 

1865. 
Horr, E. C, e. August 9, 1861, died at Camp Beverly, W. 

Va., December 28, 1861. 
Jacques, Vernon, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Jacques, B., February 16, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 



Jimj^son, Benjamin, e. February 16, 1864, disc. July 20, 

1805. 
Jenkins, Henry, e. August 6, 1862. 
Jacobs, George E., e. September 14, 1861. 
Keyes, George W., e. September 14, 1861, disc. September 

1, 1864. 
Keyes, H. II., e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, K65. 
Kimball, W. J., e. August 9, 1861. 
Lamay, John, e. October 1, 1864, disc. May 29, 1865. 
Lamay, George, e. October 21, 1863, disc. June 5, 1865. 
Lock, Benjamin, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Loveless, Simpson, e. February 5, 1864, disc. May 30, 

1865. 
Lane. John M.. e. August 21, 1861, disc. October 19, 1864. 
Lawler, James W., e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Mai-riott, W. H., e. August 9, 1861, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Meyers, Herman, e. March 1, 1863, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Mitchell, James, e. August 9, 1861, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Merriiield, Isaac W., e. August 9, 1861, wounded at Kene- 

saw Mountain, Ga., June 27.1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Mithell, William B., e. August 9, 1861, killed at Atlanta, 

Ga., July 22,1864. 
McDowell, John P., e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 

1865. 
McDowell, Robert N., e. August 9, 1861, died in prison at 

Winchester, Va., October 4, 1862. 
McDowell, Andrew, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
McGregor, Hugh, e. December 21, 1863, died in hospital 

at Washington, D. C, January 4, 1864. 
McMullan, C. A., e. August 6, 1862, disc. May 29, 1865. 
McMullan, E. C. e. November 1, 1862, taken prisoner at 
Atlanta, Ga., July 22, 1864, sent to Andersonville 
Prison, disc. April 2, 1865. 
McCumber, Hiram, wounded at Atlanta, Ga. 
McCollums, v., e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Mcintosh, L., e. August 9, 1861, died at Harper's Ferry, 

Va., September 29, 1862. 
Mcintosh, H. I., e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Mcintosh, L. G., e.' August 9, 1861, disc. January 29, 1862, 
died at Baltimore, Md., of wounds received at Harper's 
Ferry, Va., September 14, 1862. 
Mclntire, H. J., e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
McAdams, William H., e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 

1865, died at home, 1880. 
Nelson, J. S., e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Nelson, A., e. February 9, 1865, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Nowell, John, e. January 5, 1804, died August, 1864. 
Nowell, George B., e. January 10, 1865, disc. July 20, 

1865., 
Orr, Thomas, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Peters, George F., e. August 9, 1861, taken prisoner July 
22, 1864, and sent to Andersonville Prison, disc. Sep- 
tember 1, 1864. 
Plankes, Joseph, e. November 16, 1864, disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Plummer, H., e. August 9, 1861. 

Philban, John, e. January 2. 1S64, disc. April 10, 1865. 
Reed, E. H., e. August 9, 1861, disc. August 1, 1865. 
Reed, Robert, e. August 6, 1862, died in hospital at At- 
lanta, Ga., October 11, 1864. 
Reed, Cyrus H., e. August 9, 1861, died at Clinton, Miss., 
of wounds received at Baker's Creek, Miss., February 
8, 1864. 
Reed, Nathan, e. Augu^ 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Reed, Joseph, e. January 17, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Reed, John B., e. March 29, 1864, missing at Atlanta, Ga., 

1864. 
Richey, Adam, e. March 24, 1804, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Richey, Leonard, e. September 14, 1861, disc. September 

1, 1864, died August 26, 1868. 
Robinson, J. B., e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Robinson, Calvin P., e. August 6, 1862, wounded at At- 
lanta, Ga., July 21, 1864, disc. May 29, 1865. 
Rolph, Alfred, e. December 24, 1863, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Roberts, George, e. August 9, 1861, drowned in Missis- 
sippi River, September 22, 1863. 
Russell, J. B., e. August 9, 1861, wounded at Harper's 

Ferry, Va., Septembr 14, 1862, disc. September, 1862. 
Ramier, M.,e. March 3, 1863, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Ramier, Henry, e. March 3, 1863, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Rose, Deville, e. August 9, 1861, wounded at Harper's 
Ferry, Va., September 14, 1862, and died at Baltimore, 
Md., September 29, 1862. 
Shuler, David, e. October 18, 1863, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Sparks, George M., e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865, 

died 1877. 
Shipp, James E., e. August 21, 1863. 
Shank, B. L., e. August 9, 1861, disc. December 12, 1861. 



474 



UNION COUNTY 



Stark, Gideon, e. August 9, 1861, taken prisoner and sent 

to Andersonville Prison, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Shirk, Jonas S., e. March 5, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Shirk, John W., e. AugustSO, 1863, killed at Atlanta, Ga., 

August 22, 1864. 
Secrist, Samuel C, e. August 9, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Sayers, Philip, e. January 18, 1865, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Swisher, C. N., e. August 9, 1801. 
Sullivan, M., e. August 9, 1861, wounded at Atlanta, Ga., 

disc. January 27, 1865. 
Shepherd J. H., e. August 9, 1861, died at Clifton, Tenn., 

May 6, 1864. 
Snodgrass, J. M., e. August 6, 1862, disc. May 29, 1865. 
Tuller, John, e. March 20, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Towers, John, e. January 15, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Taylor, M. F., e. July, 1861, disc. November, 1861. 
Taylor, Charles E., e. September 14, 1861. 
Taylor. James E., e. September 14, 1861, disc. November 

10, 1861. 
Thomas, M. F., e. August 9, 1861, died September 30, 1863. 
Valentine, Benjamin, e. February 15, 1865. 
Wadswcrth, A., e. March 20, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Witter, Alfred, e. August 9, 1861, disc, November 11, 

1861. 
Webster, J. D., e. December 1, 1861, died at Annapolis, 

Md., October 6, 1862, of wounds received at Harper's 

Ferry, Va., September 14, 1802. 
Webb, James E., e. August 6, 1862, killed at Harper's 

Ferry, Va., September 14, 1862. 
Winchell, S. H., e. August 9, 1861. 
Webster, L. G., e. August 9, 1861, disc. April 4,1863. 
Wilson, A. D., e. August 9,186 1. 
Welsh, Matthias e. August 9, 1861, disc. January 23, 

1865. 
Zetmo, Christian, e. November 26, 1863, disc. July 2, 1865. 

COMPANY c. 

Fisher, William M., e. August 9,1861, disc. September 13, 
1861. 

COMPANY D. 

Anderson, James, killed at Kenesiw Mountain, Ga., June 

27, 1864. 
Fogle, Israel, e. February 6, 1864. 

COMPANY E. 

Adjt. A. G. Philips, e. 1861, killed at Atlanta, Ga., July 
22, 1864. 

COMPANY F. 

Second Lieut. B. F. Harris, e. May 22. 1804, disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Sergt. W. J. Harbert, e. August 29, 1864, disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Sergt. K. C. Marsh, e. February 27, 1864, disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Sergt. S. H. Pyers, e. February 27, 1864, disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Corp. B. F. Bowdre, e. March 29, 1864. 
Corp. Chester Farnum, e. March 29, 1864, disc. July 20, 

1865. 
Coolidge, Francis. 
Davis. A., e. March 29, 1864, died at home March 20, 1865, 

of disease contracted in the army. 
Filler, Davidson, e. March 30, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Farnum, Henry, e. March 29, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Griffith, John, killed at Stone Eiver, December 31, 1862. 
Grow, Samuel, e June, 1861, disc. June, 1804. 
Hard, A. J., e. March 25, 1864. 

Lyons, George, e. March 29, 1864, disc 'July 20, 1865. 
McMillen, D., e. February 29, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Mcintosh, Charles, e. May 31, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Norvell, J. A. W., e. January 2, 1864, died in hosintal, 

Marietta, Ga., September 21, 1864. 
Pyers, 0., e. May 29, 1864. 

Ross, J. M., e. March 3, 1864, wounded at Atlanta, Ga. 
Roman, John, e. February 9, 1804, disc. July 20, 1865. 
Reed, John B., e. March 29, 1864, missing at Atlanta, Ga., 

1864. 

COMPANY G. 

Sergeant W. T. Dollison, e. August 1, 1861. 

COMPANY H. 

Curtis, A. W., e. August '.n, 1862, disc. July 20, 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Foreman, E., e. April, 1861, disc. November, 1865. 
Strieker, .\. B., e. August 15, 1861, wounded at Cheat 
Mountain, W. Va., disc. December 18, 1861. 



THIRTY-THIRD OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in August, 1861, 
under Col. Joshua W. Sill ; it served in Ken- 
tucky and Tennessee under Gen. 0. M. Mitchell, 
until September, when it joined Geil. Buell's 
army in pursuit of Bragg, losing heavily at 
Perryville. 

On the organization of the Army of the Cum- 
berland, the Thirty-third was placed in Gen. 
Thomas' command and met the enemy at 
Stone River, Hoover's Gap, Chickamauga, 
Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge and Taylor's 
Ridge. Joining Sherman's Atlanta campaign, 
it participated in the battles of Rocky Face 
Ridge, Rosaca, Pumpkin Vine Creek, Kenesaw 
Mountain, crossingof the Chattahoochie, Peach 
Tree Creek, and in the engagements around 
Atlanta and Jonesboro. It marched to the sea 
and through the Carolinas, fighting its last bat- 
tle at Bentonville, then on to Washington, 
from whence it proceeded to Louisville, Ky., 
and was mustered out of service July 12. 1865. 

COMPANY O. 

Acton, William, e. July, 1861, disc. July 20, 1865, taken 
prisoner at Perryville, Ky., October, 1862. 



THIRTY-FOURTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in the latter 
part of the summer of 1861, under Col. Abra- 
ham S. Piatt. It served in West Virginia, 
taking part in the various engagements in the 
Kanawha Valley until 1864, when it joined 
Hunter in his raid up the Shenandoah Valley. 
It was at Winchester, under Crook, in July, and 
again in September, under Sheridan. The sur- 
vivors of the unfortunate affair at Beverly — 
where the regiment was captured January 11, 
1865 — were consolidated with the Thirty-sixth 
Ohio. 

COMPANY D. 

Corp. John Weller, e. August 13, 1861, disc. September 10, 

1864. 
Brannan, John C, e. August, 1861, killed in batttle on 

the Kanawha River, Va., May 18, 1862. 

COMPANY P. 

North, James A. 

COMPANY G. 

Highland, S. 6., e. February 26, 1864, disc. July 27, 1865. 



THIRTY-EIGHTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Thirty-eighth Ohio was organized Sep- 
tember 1, 1861. It entered the field in Ken- 
tucky, took part in the campaign of Mill 
Springs, in the siege of Corinth, and in the 
engagement at Chaplin Hills, Stone River, 
Mission Ridge, Buzzard's Roost, Kenesaw 
Mountain and Jonesboro. It marched to the 
sea, participated in the " campaign of the 
Carolinas," passed in review at Washington, 
and was mustered out July 12, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Garrett, J. M., e. September 1, 1861 ; disc. July 22, 1865. 
Haines, Samuel, e. September 1, 1861; disc. July 22, 
1865. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



475 



THIRTY-NINTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in August, 
1861, and reported at once to Gen. Fremont at 
St. Louis. It took part in the operations at 
New Madrid and Island No. 10, then joined 
the movement against Corinth. Having re- 
enlisted, it moved on the Atlanta campaign, 
during which it was engaged in the battles of 
Resaca, Kenesaw Mountain, Nicojack Creek, 
Atlanta, Jonesboro and Lovejoy. It marched 
to the sea and through the Carolinas, and was 
mustered out at Louisville, Ky., in July, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Corporal Benj. Daugherty, e. July 31, 1861; diBc. July 
19,1865. 

COMPANY I. 

Captain J. W. Spring, e. July 4, 1861 ; disc.,1861. 
FORTIETH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Fortieth Ohio was organized December 
7, 1861, under Col. Jonathan Cranor, and on 
the 11th was ordered to Kentucky. 

In January, 1862, it took an active part in 
the battle of Middle Creek; then went into 
camp at Paintville. It operated in Kentucky 
and Virginia until February, 1863, when it 
moved to Nashville, Tenn., and was assigned 
to the First Brigade, First Division, Reserve 
Corps, then at Franklin. 

While at this place, the Fortieth repulsed 
an attack made by Van Dorn with a large 
mounted force. On the 2d of June, it moved 
to Triune, and on the 23d joined Rosecrans' 
army in the movement upon Shelbyville, War- 
trace and Tullahoma. It remained at War- 
trace and Tullahoma until September 7, when 
it moved forward in the advance on Chatta- 
nooga, and took an active part in the battle of 
Chickamauga, sustaining a severe loss. Soon 
after this engagement, the regiment went into 
camp at Shellmound, where four of its compa- 
nies re-enlisted. In the battle of Lookout 
Mountain, November 24, the Fortieth took a 
prominent part. In January, 1864, it went 
into camp near Cleveland, and in May entered 
upon the Atlanta campaign, participating in 
nearly all the battles through to the end. 

At Pine Knob, Georgia, on the 7th of Octo- 
ber, Companies A, B, C and D were mustered 
out, and the remainder of the regiment moved 
with the Fourth Coi'ps, sharing in the pursuit 
of Hood, and in the retreat before Hood from 
Pulaski. In December, 1864, at Nashville, 
Tenn., the non-veterans were mustered out, 
and the veterans consolidated with the Fifty- 
first Ohio Infantry. The combined regiment 
was then transferred with the Fourth Corps to 
Texas, where it performed guard duty until 
mustered out December 3, 1865. About forty 
men from Union County were members of 
Company D of this regiment, of whom four 
were killed, six died in the hospital, two were 
drowned, and three were wounded. 

Surgeon John N. Beach, in a paper read at 
a regimental re-union held at Greenville, Ohio, 
September 20, 1882, makes special mention of 



the coolness and bravery of the soldiers of the 
Fortieth Ohio on all occasions, and among oth- 
ers gives the following illustration : 

" George Sager (son of Michael Sager, of 
Unionville, Ohio), of Company D, a rosy- 
cheeked, almost beardless boy, who had been 
carefully and tenderly raised, came to me on 
Sunday afternoon of the battle of Chickamau- 
ga, bringing with him a comrade who had a 
ghastly wound in the face, which to George 
seemed necessarily fatal. On my assuring 
him that his comrade, Hiram Douglass, was not 
fatally wounded, he looked around a few min- 
utes at the great numbers of wounded then 
collected in the ravine, where we had estab- 
lished a depot for wounded, and finally asked . 
me if he could not be of service to me there. 
I told him that he could, but I thought he was 
more needed in the front. Without a word, 
he took up his gun and went back into the 
thickest of the fight, escaping that day only to 
meet his death at Kenesaw the following June. 
There were circumstances attending his death 
that so plainly spoke of the highest qualities 
of the soldier, that I think them worth re- 
cording. He was shot on the night of the 20th 
of June, 1864, the bullet passing entirely 
through the chest, and, lodging in his Bible 
carried in his knapsack, stopping just as it 
had perforated a letter that day received from 
his sister. When brought to me, he had a 
clear idea of the nature of the wound, and 
wished to know how long he could live. Giv- 
ing him all the encouragement possible, I left 
him for the night in the care of friends, and 
went to other duties. The next evening, the 
end was so plainly approaching, that I told 
him the facts, asking what word I should write 
home. 

"Without the slightest manifestation of alarm, 
or regret, or fear, he gave me instructions, de- 
siring me to say to his parents that he did not 
regret coming into the service, that he came to 
take his chances with other soldiers, that he 
was willing to die, that his life was of no more 
value than that of hundreds of others who had 
been killed in the last few weeks, and asked 
me to send the Bible, with the fatal bullet un- 
disturbed, to his sister. 

" And thus he died, without regret, as I have 
seen many other soldiers die, whose future, if 
they had lived, seemed full of promise." 



COMPANY A. 

Sergeant George W. Plimell, e. September 10, 1861 ; disc. 

October 9, 1864; wd. at Lookout Mountain, Tenn. 

November 24, 1863. 
Bidwell, M., e. September 6, 1861 ; disc. 1863. 

COMPANY D. 

Com. Sergeant A. Z. Converse, e. August 30, 1862 ; disc. 
December 11, 1864. 

Sergeant D. H. Thomas, e. August 30, 1861 ; disc. October 
9, 1864. 

Sergeant Joseph F. Woods, e. August 30, 1861 ; disc. 
October 9, 1864. 

Corporal G. P. Robinson, e. August 30, 1861 ; disc. Octo- 
ber 9, 1864. 

Cooney, William T., e. September 23, 1861. 

Conklin, David, e. September 23, 1861 ; disc. October 9, 
1864. 



476 



UNION COUNTY 



Conklin, E. B., e. September 23, 1801 ; disc. October 9, 

1864. 
Conklin, James E., e. September 23, 1861 ; disc. October 

9. 1804 ; died at home, 1866. 
Conklin, George W., e. September 23, 1861; killed at 

Chickamauga, Ga., September 20, 1863. 
Conklin, Miller James, e. September 10, 1861; disc. 

October V, 1864; died at home, 1879. 
Clark, John R., died at Bridgeport, Ala., August, 1864. 
Dasher. Frederick, e. August 30, 18G1 ; disc. October 9, 

1864.' 
Hager, Levi, e. September 1, 1862; disc. October 9, 1864. 
Hageridaffer, J. F., e. September 30, 1861 ; died at Cleve- 
land, Tenn. 
Hickman, John, e. August 30, 1861; disc. November 11, 

1864. 
Hager, L. E., e. August 30, 1861. 
Hawn, Philip, e. September 8, 1861. 
Irwin, William L., e. October 14, 1861 ; disc. July 9, 1863. 
McConnell, Samuel, e. August 30, 1861 ; disc. October 9, 

1864. 
McDowell, J. v., e. September 17, 1861 ; drowned in Big 

Sandy River at Piketon, Ky., February, 1862. 
Mercer, Alfred, e. September 18, 1861; killed at Adairs- 

ville, Ga., June 29, 1863. 
Myers, Henry, e. September 1, 1861; disc. June 21, 1865. 
Piper, William L., e. August 30, 1861 ; disc. October 9, 

1864. 
Robey, M. S., e. August 24. 18C2; disc. June 18, 1865. 
Robinson, S. B., e. August 30, 1861 ; disc. October 9, 1864. 
Robinson, S. W., e. August 30, 1861 ; disc. October 9, 

1864. 
Robinson. D. N., e. August 13, 1862: disc. June 18, 1865. 
Sager, F. M., e. August 30, 1861; died at home March, 1863. 
Sager, George M., e. August 30. 1801 ; killed at Kenesaw 

Mountain. Ga., June 27, 1864. 
Snodgrass, Delmore, e. August 30, 1861 ; disc. October 9, 

1864; wd. at Chickamauga. 
Snodgrass, Robert, killed at Resaca, Ga., May 13, 1864 . 
Sayers, John W., e. Septguber, 1861 ; drowned in Ohio 

River, February '^4, 1SC3. 
Wolford, H. S., e. August 30, 1861 ; disc. October 9, 1864 ; 

wd. at Dalton, Ga. 
Walker, James, e. September 18, 1861 ; disc. April 16, 

1862. 
Piper, L., Musician; e. 1862. 



FORTY-FIKST OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Forty-first Ohio was organized in the 
fall of 1861, under Col. William B. Hazen, and 
reported to Gen. Buell at Louisville, Ky. It 
took part in the battles of Pittsburg Landing, 
the siege of Corinth, and in the engagements 
at Murfreesboro, Chickamauga and Mission 
Ridge. 

In .January, 1864, the regiment re-enlisted, 
and, after the veteran furlough, joined Sher- 
man's Atlanta campaign, and participated in 
the battles at Dallas, near Kenesaw, at the 
Chattahoochie River and Peach Tree Creek, 
and before Atlanta. 

It served under Thomas, at Nashville, then 
followed in pursuit of Hood. 

The Forty-first was mustered out at Colum- 
bus, Ohio, on the 26th of November, 1865, 

COMPANY F. 

Boudre, G. W., e. October 7, 1864, disc. October 16, 1865. 
Conley, Martin, e. October 4, 1864, disc. May 30, 1865, 
wounded. 

COMPANY G. 

Taylor, D. W., e. September 30, 1864, disc. Jube 13, 1865. 
FORTY-SECOND OHIO INFANTRY. 

The organization of the Forty-second Ohio 
was completed in November, 1861, under Col. 
James A. Garfield. It entered the field in 
Kentucky and participated in the engagement 



at Prestonburg. In May, it moved toward 
Cumberland Gap ; in October, proceeded to 
Memphis, and in December took part in Sher- 
man's unsuccessful attack on the bluffs at 
Vicksburg ; then led the advance on Arkansas 
Post. 

The Forty-second fought gallantly in the 
various engagements incident to the campaign 
and resulting in the surrender of Vicksburg, 
then marched to Jackson and assisted in the 
reduction of that place, after which it returned 
to Vicksburg, where it remained until ordered 
to New Orleans. The regiment was mustered 
out by companies, during the winter of 1864, 
except about 100 men, who were assigned to 
the Ninety-sixth Ohio. It participated in 
eleven battles, in which it lost one officer and 
twenty men killed, and eighteen officers and 
325 men wounded. 

Asst. Surgeon H. McFadden, e. October 7, 1861, disc. De- 
cember 24, 1864. 

COMPANY D. 

Fogle, George, e. September 27, 1861, disc. September 30. 
1864. 

COMPANY K. 

Atkinson, William, e. September 27, 1861, disc. October 

25, 1862. 
Baldwin, A., e. September 27, 1861, killed at Vicksburg, 

Miss.. May 25,1863. 
Drake, William H.. e. September 27, 1861, died at home. 

December 17,1863. 
Mannon, Henry, e. September 27, 1801, died at Ashland, 

Ky., March 22, 1862. 
Southard, L. A., e. September 27, 1801, died at Cumber- 
land Gap, Tenn., September 5, 1862. 
Southard, Joseph, e. October 22, 1861, died at home, March 

3, 1864. 
Southard, J. E., e. September 27, 1861, disc. December 2, 

1865, taken prisoner at Cumberland Gap., Tenn., Seiv 

teniber, 1863. 
Southard, R. W., e. September, 27, 1861, disc. December 2, 

1864, wounded at Vicksburg, Miss., May 22, 1863. 
Southard, Milton, e. September 27, 1861, disc. November 

4, 1862. 
Smith, B. W., e. September 27, 1861, disc. March 4, 1864. 
Winner, William H., e. September 27, 1861, died at home 

June 1, 1864. 

FORTY-THIRD OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized February 7 , 
1862, under Col. J. L. Kirby Smith ; it served 
in Missouri, taking part in the engagements at 
New Madrid, Island No. 10, Tiptonville, Tenn., 
and in the operations against Corinth. It 
was with Grant at Oxford and followed Sher- 
man to the sea and through the Carolinas. At 
the close of the war, the Forty-third took part 
in the grand review at Washington, after 
which it was mustered out of service at Louis- 
ville, July 13, 1865. 

COMPANY A. 

Banks, Samuel J., e. October 22, 1861, disc. July 10, 1865. 

Sullivan, Thomas. 

Thomas, William, e. March 11,1864, disc. July 13,1865. 

COMPANY F. 

Collum, B., e. August 21, 1861, disc. 1863. Wounded at 
Corinth, Miss. 

COMPANY I. 

Noggle, Andrew, e. Auaust 17, 1861, disc. July 13, 1865. 
Noggle, Hiram, e. January 25, 1864, disc. May 19, 1865. 

Wounded at Atlanta, Ga., 1864. 
Noggle, Isaac, e. August 1.5, 1861, disc. 1864. 
Noggle, W. D., e. August 21, 1861, disc. July 13, 1865. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



47T 



FORTY-FOURTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Forty-fourth Ohio was organized in the 
autumn of 1861 ; it operated in West Virginia 
and Kentucky until the fall of 1863 when it 
followed Gen. Burnsides in his advance into 
Tennessee. In January, 1864, the regiment 
re-enlisted on the condition that it be armed 
and mounted as cavalry. When it re-assembled 
after a furlough home, it was known as the 
Eighth Ohio Cavalry. 

COMPANY F. 

Applefellow, C, e. October 2, 1861, disc. October 4, 1864. 
Botkln, T., e. October 2, 18(31, disc. July, 186.5. 
Botkin, J. B., e. September, 1861, disc. August, 1865. 
Ferguson, Nathan, e. July, 1861, disc. August, 1865. 
Hunt, Alexander, e. August, 1861, disc. August, 1865. 
Powers, J. W., e. June 1862, disc. August, 1865. 

FORTY -FIFTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in August, 1862. 
It operated in Kentucky with Gen. Saunders' 
mounted division, and was actively engaged 
in the battle of Knoxville. After Longstreet 
retired toward Virginia, the Forty-fifth was 
sent to Cumberland Gap, and, later, partici- 
pated in the battles of Resaca, New Hope 
Church, Dallas, Lost Mountain, Kenesaw 
Mountain, Franklin and Nashville, then served 
in Tennessee until mustered out, .June 15, 1865. 

COMPANY C. 

Godfrey, Amos. e. July 14, 1862, died at Andersonville, 
Ga., April 23, 1864. taken prisoner October 20, 1862. 

Miller, John P., e. Februaiy 10, 1864, died. 

Reeder, John V., e. August 8, 1862, taken prisoner No- 
vember 15, 1863. 

Speck, William, e. August 5, 1862, died at Annapolis, 
Md., March 19, 1865, taken prisoner November 15,1863. 

Stout, George, e. August 5, 1862, died at Danville, Ky., 
Februry 18, 1863. 

Skidmore, Joseph, e. December 29, 1863. 

Stout, William, e. August 5, 1862. 

Tallman, A. T., e. September, 1861, disc. October 3, 1864. 

Tallman, A., e. July 26, 1862, disc. October 3, 1804. 

Wilson, Isaac, e. August 9, 1862, died in prison at Rich- 
mond, Va., December, 1863. 

COMPANY D. 

Evans, Henry E., e. August 10, 1861, disc. January 10, 
1863, wounded at Cynthiana, Ky., July 17, 1862. 

COMPANY G. 

Newhouse, J. W., e. August 9, 1862, disc. February 20, 

1863. 
Richey, A. K., e. September9,1861,disc.February 9, 1863. 
Scott, John v., August 12, 1861. 

COMPANY H. 

Aman, Charles, e. August 9, 1862, disc. June 20, 1865. 
Corey, S. H., e. February 2, 1864. 

COiHPANY I. 

Sergt. E. Callahan, e. August 5, 1862, disc. January 23, 
1865. 

Allen P., e. January 4, 1864, disc. November 14, 1865. 

Callahan, P. A., e. December 9, 1863, disc. November 14, 
1865. 

Hatch, J. T., e. July 2, 1862, disc. 1865, wounded at Kene- 
saw Mountain, June 27, 1864. 

COMPANY K. 

Courter, David J., e. August 7, 1862, disc. August 17, 1865, 
transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 

FORTY-SIXTH OHIO REGIMENT. 



reported lo Gen. Sherman in Kentucky in 
February, 1862, and the following mouth 
found it on the bloody field of Shiloh, where 
it lost 280 killed and wounded and fifteen 
captured. In April, the regiment moved with 
the army upon Corinth. The sumnier of 1862 
was spent at Memphis, and in November the 
Forty-sixth started on a campaign through 
Mississippi, under Gen. Grant. In June, 
1863, it participated in the siege of Vicksburg, 
and after the surrender, moved upon Jackson. 
In October, the regiment, under Sherman, em- 
barked for Memphis and Chattanooga. It took 
part in the assault upon Mission Ridge, sus- 
taining a heavy loss; then marched to the 
relief of Knoxville. At Resaca, New Hope 
Church, Kenesaw and the various battles and 
skirmishes of the Atlanta campaign, the Forty- 
sixth was ever at the front. At Ezra Church, 
the regiment especially distinguished itself in 
repelling the attacking rebels and capturing 
the colors of the Thirtieth Louisiana. After 
the fall of Atlanta, the regiment pursued Hood 
through Northern Alabama and Tennessee. In 
November it moved with Sherman to the sea, 
participating in a sharp encounter at Gris- 
woldsville and in the skirmishing around 
Savannah. From Savannah it moved to Ben- 
tonvilLe, where it was complimented for gal- 
lant conduct in the battle at that place. 

The Forty-sixth moved through the Caro- 
linas, on to Washington, and after the grand 
review proceeded to Louisville, Ky., where it 
was mustered out on the 22d of July, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Drum Maj. C. M. Graham, e. November 22, 1861, disc. 

August, 1865. 
Sergt. A. R. Andros. 
Sergt. George Webb, e. October 2, 1861, disc. July 22, 

1865. 
Corp. William G. Andrew, e. November 11, 1861, disc. 

July 22, 1865. 
Corp. William Obedier, e. October 2, 1861, disc. July 22, 

1865. 
Musician George Hanawalt, e. October 16, 1861, died 

at Memphis, June, 1861. 
Hanawalt, Samuel, e. October 16, 1861. 
Harriot, William B., e. September 9, 18G1, disc. July 22, 

1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Corp. Charles S. Comstock, e. September 27, 1861. 

COMPANY F. 

Bennett, William, e. October 1, 1861, disc. July 22, 1865. 
taken prisoner at Shiioh, Tenn., 1862, wounded at 
Bentonville, N. C, March 4, 1865. 

COMPANY a. 

Second Lieut. Hiram Wilson, e. 1861, killed at Pittsburg 

Landing April 6, 1862. 
Sergt. Alden Smith, e. November 19, 1861, disc. July 22, 

1805. 
Keens, John. 
Millington, L. D., e. November 19, 1861, killed April 6 

1862, at Shiloh, Tenn. 
Page, John. 
Millington, S. N., e. December 31, 1861, killed April G, 

1862, at Shiloh, Tenn. 
Millington, Otis, e. December 13, 1861, disc. July 5, 1805. 
Smith, Joseph R., e. December 13, 1861. 
Smith, James, disc. June 5, 1865. 



COMPANY H. 

Gowan, James E., e. October 16, 1861, killed November 25, 
ic loei 1 /-I 1 mi fir .1 • , T 1863, at Mission Ridge, Tenn. 

lb, 1861, under Col. Thomas Worthington. It | Graham, Robert. 



The Forty-sixth Ohio was organized October 



478 



UNION COUNTY 



COMPANY I. 

Eiikin, Thomas, e. October 16, 1861, taken prisoner at 

Florence, Ala., May 27, 1863. 
Pence, David M., e. October 14, 1861. 

COMPANY K. 

Hudson, William, e. November, 1861, died June, 1862, 

at Memphis, Tenn. 
Ketner, Rufus, e. November, 1861, killed at Lookout 

Mountain, November 24, 1803. 



FORTY-SEVENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The organization of the Forty-seventh Ohio, 
under Col. Frederick Poschner, was completed 
August 13, 1861. It at once reported to Gen. 
Rosecrans, in West Virginia, and was engaged 
in the various operations in the Kanawha Val- 
ley, and elsewhere in Virginia, until Decem- 
ber, when it joined the expedition against 
Vicksburg. It participated in the capture of 
Jackson, in the battles of Chickamauga and 
Mission Ridge, and in the relief of Knoxville. 

Having joined the Atlanta campaign, it 
fought at Snake Creek Gap, Resaca, Kingston, 
Dallas, New Hope Church, Big Shanty, Kene- 
saw, and Ezra Church. From Atlanta it moved 
with Sherman to the sea, thence north through 
the Carolinas to Washington; and after the 
close of the war went to Arkansas, where it 
was mustered out on the 11th of August, 1865. 

COMPANY C. 

Reynolds, v., e. June, 1861, disc. August, 1861. 

COMPANY E. 

Whitaker, A. H., e. 1864, disc. August, 1865, wounded 

at Fort McAllister, Ga., December 13, 1864. 
Woodburn, D. 



FORTY-EIGHTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized February 17, 
1862, under Col. Peter J. Sullivan. It joined 
Sherman at Paducah, participated in the bat- 
tle at Pittsburg Landing, the attack upon Cor- 
inth, the assault at Chickasaw Bluffs, and the 
expedition up the Arkansas River. It was with 
Grant at Vicksburg, and took part in the vari- 
ous engagements incident to that campaign. 

The Forty-eighth was captured at Sabine 
Cross Roads, and exchanged in October, 1864, 

Re-enlisting after its exchange, it shared in 
the capture of Mobile, and, after the surrender 
of the rebel army, operated in Texas until May, 
1866, when it was mustered out of the service. 

COMPANY A. 

Sergeant William Willis, e. September 9, 1861, wounded 
at Shiloh, Tenn., April 6, 1862, disc. 1863. 

COMPANY B. 

De Good, A. B., e. December 3, 1863, disc. 1865. 

Fuller, Israel, e. October 18, 1861. 

Fry, S. G. 

Jones, A. B., e. December 3, 1863, disc. 18C5. 

Turney, William H., e. 1864, disc. 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Helms, William L., e. February, 1862, died. 



FIFTY-SECOND OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in August, 1862, 
under Col. Daniel McCook. It immediately 



entered upon active service in Kentucky, took 
part in the battles of Perryville and Chicka- 
mauga; was with Sherman at Mission Ridge, 
and, in the Atlanta campaign, met the enemy at 
Dalton, Resaca, Peach Tree Creek, Kenesaw 
Mountain, Jonesboro and Atlanta. Col. Mc- 
Cook was killed at Kenesaw June 27, 1864. 

From Atlanta, the Fifty-second moved with 
Sherman's army to the sea, then through 
Georgia and the Carolinas to Washington, 
where it was mustered out, June 3, 1865. 

COMPANY n. 
Capt.J. A. Culbertson, e. March,1862,disc. January, 1863. 

FIFTY-THIRD OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in January, 
1862, under Col. J. J. Appier, who, having re- 
signed, was succeeded by Col. W. S. Jones. It 
soon took the field under Gen. Sherman, par- 
ticipated in the battles of Shiloh and siege of 
Corinth. 

In .June, 1863, it joined Grant's army in the 
investment of Vicksburg, pursued Johnson to 
Jackson, moved to Chattanooga, and assisted 
in the attack on Mission Ridge. On the ex- 
piration of its veteran furlough, the regiment 
joined Sherman's Atlanta campaign, shared in 
the capture of Fort McAllister, marched 
through the Carolinas to Washington, and at 
the close of the war went to Arkansas, where 
it was mustered out in August, 1865. 

COMPANY A. 

Fry, Isaac, e. February 11, 1864, disc. August 11, 1865. 

COMPANY I. 

Skidmore, George, e. September, 1861, disc. Febraary, 1865. 
FIFTY-FOURTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized during the fall 
and winter of 1861, under Col. Thomas Kirby 
Smith. It entered the field February 16, 1862, 
and was assigned to a brigade in the division 
commanded by Gen. Sherman. It took an 
active part in the battle of Pittsburg Landing 
on the 6th and 7th of April, losing 198 men; 
and on the 29th joined the movement upon 
Corinth, participating in a sharp encounter 
with the enemy at Russell House on the 18th 
of May. On the 28th, it was engaged upon 
the works at Corinth, and after the evacuation 
performed provost duty at that place. After 
having moved with the army to La Grange, 
Tenn., and Holly Springs, Miss., then back to 
Corinth, the regiment marched to Memphis in 
July, 1862. While here, it was engaged in 
several minor expeditious, and in November 
moved toward .Jackson, then returning to 
Memphis, joined Sherman's first movement 
upon Vicksburg. In the engagement at Chick- 
asaw Bayou, on the 28th and 29th of Decem- 
ber, the regiment lost twenty men killed and 
wounded. In January, 1863, it took part in 
the assault and capture of Arkansas Post. 

From this place, tho Fifty-fourth proceeded 
to Young's Point, La., and for a lime was em- 










,/K. C) <^<>^^>v-^.^*— 



MILITARY RECORD. 



481 



ployed in digging a canal ; then marched to 
the rescue of a flt^et of gun-boats which was 
about to be destroyed. In May, it moved with 
Oram's army to the rear of Vicksburg, was 
engaged in the battles of Champion Hills and 
Big Black Bridge, and on the 19th and 22d of 
May took an active part in the assault upon 
the enemy's works, losing in the two days for- 
ty-seven men killed and wounded. After the 
surrender, it moved with the army against 
.Tackson, then returned to Vicksburg. 

In October, the regiment proceeded to Mem- 
phis and thence to Cdattannoga, taking part in 
the assault upon Missi 'n Ridge Novembt-r 
26. The following day it marched to the re- 
lief of Kngxville and after pursuing the pne- 
my through Tennessee into North CaroliuH, 
returned to Ch tttanooga, and from there pro- 
ceeded to Larkinsville, Ala. On the 22 1 of 
January, 1864, the Fifiy-fourth re-enlisted, 
and, after the furlough to Ohio, returned to 
the army with 200 recruits. In May, it joined 
Sherman's Atlanta campaign, and participated 
in the engagements at Resaca, Dallas and New 
Hope Church. In the assault upon Kenesaw 
Mountain. .June 27, the regiment lost twenty- 
eight killed and wounded. At Nicojack 
Creek, July S, thirteen were killed and 
wounded; in the battles on the east side of 
Atlanta, July 21 and 22, ninety- tour were 
killed, wounded and missing; and at Ezra 
Chapel, on the 28th, eight more were added to 
the list of killed and wounded. 

From this time until the 27th of August, the 
fifty-fourth was continually engaged in the 
works before Atlanta. It took a prominent 
pirt in the engagement at Jouesboro, pursued 
Hood northward, reiurned and marched to the 
sea, taking part in the capture of Fort McAl- 
lister on the 15th of December. It moved 
through the Caroliuas, participating in many 
skirmishes, and in the last battle of the war 
at Bentonville, N. C, March 21, 1865. 

The regiment moved to llichmond, Va., and 
from there to Washington City. 

After passing in review, it moved to Louis- 
ville, Ky., thence to Little Rock, Ark., and 
there performed garrison duty until mustered 
out August 15, 1865. 

" During its term of service, the Fifiy-fourth 
Ohio marched 3,682 miles, participated in four 
sieges, nine skirmishes, and fifteen battles, 
and lost 506 men killed, wounded and missing." 

Company K, of the Fifty-fourth Infantry, 
was partly recruited in Union County, during 
the fall of 1861, by A. J. Ferguson, who was 
commissioned Second Lieutenant. Lieut. Fer- 
guson was afterward promoted to Captain, and 
commanded the company during the greater 
part of its service, and until mustered out at 
the close of the war. 

Of the fifty-four men from Union County 
who served in this regiment, eleven died on 
• the iield and in the hospitals, and six were 
wounded. 

COMPANY F. 

Brown, Solomon, e. November 30, 1861 ; disc. August 17, 
1863. 



Lavine, T. H., e. August 21, 1861 ; diac. 1865 ; wd. at 
Pittsburg Landing, Tena. 

COMPANT I. 

Drury, John, o. January 3, 1862; disc. August 13, 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Captain A. J. Ferguson, e. November 21, 1861 ; disc. 
August 1.5, 1865. 

Sergeant A. R. Andrews, e. November 23, 1861 ; disc. 
August 15, 1865. 

Sergeant G. W. Allen, e. September, 1861 ; disc. August 
15, 1865. 

Sergeant David Cook, e. November, 1861 ; disc. August 
15, 1865; died at home. 

Sergeant V. E. 3Iartin, e. November 18, 1861, disc. 
December 21, 1864; wd. 

Sergeant Marion Stevens e. November, 1861 ; disc. Au- 
gust 15, 1865. 

Sergeant John Starr, e. December 10, 1861 ; killed July 3, 

1861, at Mckojack Creek, 6a. 

Sergeant John Thompson, e. December 11, 18GI; diac. 

December 21, 1864. 
Sergeant J. S. Thompson, e. November 19, 1861 ; disc. 

July 19, 1864. 
Corpnral Amos Brown, e. November 30, 1861 ; disc. 

December 24, 1862. 
Corporal B. H. Weiser, e. October 14, 1861 ; disc. October 

2, 1865. 
Baanon, Martin, e. July 15, 1802 ; disc. September 11, 

1862. 
Beaver, George, e. December 11 , 1861 ; disc. December 

21, 1864. 
Brown, S. R.,e. November 30, 1861 ; died December 28, 

1863, at Vicksburg, Miss. 

Chapman, S. G.. e. November 16, 1861 ; disc. December, 

1862. 
Courtright, J. R., e. November 23, 1861. 
Clark, .James, e. November 26, 1861 ; died at home. 
Couklin, J. M., e. December 11, 1861 ; died at home. 
Conklin, David, e. November 19, 1861; died July 5, 1862, 

at home. 
Case, Alfred, e. December 11, 1861 ; disc. August 15, 1865. 
Douse, Alfred, e. December 9, 1861. 
Goldsberry, M., e. November 19, 1861 ; disc. May 11, 1864 ; 

wd. at Dallas, Ga. 
Goldsberry, W., e. November, 1861; disc. August 15, 

1865. 
Goldsberry, Perry, e. November 23, 1861 ; died December 

25, 1863, in hospital at Camp Sherman, Miss. 
Golf, Robert N., e. 1861 ; disc. August 15, IStio. 

Gibson, v., e. November 18, 1861; disc. December 21, 

1864. 
Holycross, Geortte, e. March 7, 1864; died August 13, 

1864, of wounds received at Atlanta, Ga. 

Heisland, Daniel, e. November 30, 18G1 ; disc. December 

26, 1864 ; wd. at Atlanta, Ga. 

Huff, L., e. December 10, 1861 ; disc. September 22, 1862 ; 

wd. at Pittsburg Landing. 
Hager, Simeon, e. January 25, 1862; disc. August 8, 

1862. 
Henrygust, Peter, e. November 30, 1861 ; disc. Decem- 
ber 26, 1862. 
Hobert, Lorenzo, e. February 8, 1862; disc. June 19, 

1SG2. 
Kent, David, e. November 23, 1861; died July 6, 1864, 

at Nickojack tDreek, Ga. 
Kelly, Francis, e. November 9, 1861. 
Lape, F., e. November 11, 1861 ; disc. July 21, 1862. 
Lape, Jeremiah, e. November 12, 1861 ; disc. July 21, 

1862. 
Leifer, Reuben, e. November 23, 1861 ; disc. December 

21, 1862. 
Martin, Charles, e. November 9, 1861 ; disc. September 

29, 1862. 
Moore, Albert, e. January 23, 1862. 
Munshall, J. b., e. November 9, 1861 ; disc. December 28, 

1802. 
McClung, W., e. November 11, 1861, disc. August 20, 

1862. 
Norris, George K., e. February 26, 1864 ; disc. August 15, 

1865 ; wounded. 
Norris, J. P., e. February 26, 1864; disc. August 15, 1865. 
Nessle, George, e. November, 1861 ; disc. August 15, 

1865. 
Orr, Albert, e. November 30, 1861. 
Osburn, Samuel, e. December 10, 1861. 
Poland, George, e. February 3, 1862 ; died February 27, 

1862, at Camp Dennison, Ohio. 



482 



UNION COUNTY 



Rice, Z. M., e. November 15, 1861 ; disc. September 22, 

1862. 
Wade, Thomas, e. November 15,1861; disc. August, 1865. 
Wright, Allen, November 18, 1861; died July 3, 1862; 

at Moscow, Tenn. 
Worthington, S., e. November 26. 1861 ; disc. December 

22, 1862. 



FIFTY-FIFTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Fifty-fifth Ohio was organized October 
17, 1861, under Col. John E Lee; it operated 
in Virginia, participating in the battles of Mc- 
Dowell and the second Bull Run. In April, 
1863, it moved with the Army of the Potomac 
upon Fredericksburg, by way of the Wilder- 
ness and Chancellor.-ville. In July, it fought 
at Gettysburg, in September was transferred 
to the Western Army, and was present at the 
battles of Lookout Mountain and Mission 
Ridge, then joined the march to Knoxville. It 
followed Sherman in the Atlanta campaign, in 
the march to the sea, and through the Caroli- 
nas on to Washington. 

During its term of service, the Fifty-fifth 
enrolled 1,850 men. of whom 750 were either 
killed or wounded in 'battle or died. 

It was mustered out of the service on the 
llth of July, 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Corporal H. M. Vaughn, e. November 27, 1861 ; wd. at 
second Bull Run, Va., August 30, 1862. 



FIFTY-SIXTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Fifty-sixth Ohio was organized in De- 
cember, 1861, under Col. Peter Kenny. It 
entered upon active service in February, 1862, 
and participated in the engagements at Fort 
Donelson and Shiloh, and in the siege of Cor- 
inth. 

Jn April, it joined Grant's Vicksburg cam- 
paign, and was actively engaged at Port Gib- 
son and Champion Hills, capturing two guns 
and 125 prisoners at the former place, and 
losing in the two engagements 175 in killed, 
wounded and missing. 

After the fall of Vicksburg, the regiment 
moved against Johns'on at Jackson, thence to 
Natchez, where orders were received to pro- 
ceed farther south and join Gen. Banks' Red 
River expedition. 

The Forty-sixth lost heavily in the battle of 
Sabine Cross Roads : and when en route on 
veteran furlough its boat was disabled by rebel 
batteries and a number of officers and men 
captured. In November, 1864, tlie non-veter- 
ans were mustered out and the veterans served 
on guard duty at New Orleans until mustered 
out in March, 1866. 

West, Robert e. December, 1861, disc. November, 1861. 



FIFTY-EIGHIH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Fifty-eighth (hio was organized and 
entered 'he field in February, 1862, underCol. 
Val. Bausenwein. It saw its first battle at 
Fort Donelson, and its next at Pittsburg Land- 



ing. It took part in the siege of Corinth, then 
moved to Memphis, where it was ordered to Ar- 
kansas. In January, 1863, it shared in the 
capture of Arkansas Post, and in April, joined 
Grant's Vicksburg campaign. It participated 
in the engagements of Deer Creek and of Grand 
Gulf. After serving at Vicksburg until De- 
cember, 1864, the Fifty-eighth proceeded to 
Columbus, Ohio, and was mustered out on the 
14th of January, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Corp. John Reichling, e. October, 1861, disc. January 14, 

1865, died May 7, 1883. 
Richey, J. G., e. October, 1861, disc. January 14, 1865. 
Smith, David, e. October, 1861, disc. January 14, 1865. 

COMPANY c. 
Drum Maj. D. M. Woodburn, e. January 16, 1862. disc. 
January 14, 1865. 



SIXTIETH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment organized for the term of one 
year, under Col. William Trimble. It went to 
the field in April, 1862, reporting to Gen.- Fre- 
mont, in West Virginia. It operated against 
Stonewall Jackson in the Shenandoah Valley, 
fighting near Strasburg, at Port Republic and 
at Harper's Ferry, where it was overcome and 
captured by the enemy. 

The men were soon paroled and mustered 
out, many of them enlisting in other regiments. 

In the spring of 1864, the Sixtieth Ohio was 
re-organized for the three years' service, under 
Col. J. N. McElroy. It joined the Army of the 
Potomac and took part in the battles of the Wil- 
derness, in the siege of Petersburg and the 
actions about Richmond. 

The regiment was mustered out of service on 
the 25th of July, 1865. 

COMPANY A. 

Bell, William, e. July, 1864, disc. July 25, 1865. 

Lape, George, e. February 29, 1864, disc. July 25, 1865. 

COMPANY F. 

Beck, A. B., e. December 15, 1863, disc. July 25, 1865. 

COMPANY I. 

Aller, Ezekiel, e. January, 1865, disc. July 25, 1865. 
SIXTY-FIRST OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Sixty-first Ohio was organized at Camp 
Chase, in April, 1861, under Col. Newton 
Schleich. It entered the field in June and 
operated under Gen. Pope in Virginia, en- 
countering the enemy at Freeman's Ford, Sul- 
phur Springs and Waterloo Bridge, and in the 
battle ot Bull Run, where it lost twenty-five 
men killed and wounded. 

The regiment took an active part in the en- 
gagement at Cl'ancellorsville and Gettysburg, 
losing heavily in killed, wounded and prison- 
ers. In September, the Sixty-first was trans- 
ferred with the Twelfth Corps to the Army of 
the Cumberland, reaching Bridgeport, Ala., on 
the 1st of October. On the 27th, it started for ■ 
Chattanooga, and on the 28th was engaged in 
a fierce fight at Wauhatchie Valley, driving 
the defeated rebels across Lookout Creek. In 



MILITARY EECORD. 



48^ 



November, the regiment shared in the assault 
on Mission Kidge, then moved to the relief of 
Knoxville. 

In May, 1864, the regiment having re- 
turned from veteran furlough, joined the 
National forces at Rocky Face Ridge. This 
was the commencement of the Atlanta cam- 
paign. In this campaign the Sixty-tirst was 
brigaded with the Third Brigade, First Divis- 
ion of the Twentieth Corps, under Maj. Gen. 
Hooker, and participated in the battles of 
Rtsaca, Cassville, Dallas, Kingston, Lost 
Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, crossing of the 
Chattahoochie and Peach Tree Creek. It moved 
with Sherman's army to the sea, then marched 
through the swamps of South Carolina, and 
after the battle of Bentonville moved to Golds- 
boro, N. C, where it was consolidated with the 
Eighty-second Ohio. I'his act blotted from the 
rolls of the army the name of the Sixty-first 
Ohio, but its detds remain on record. It was 
always a reliable regiment, and was ever found 
where duty called it. Its losses by the casual- 
ties of the field were so numerous that at the 
close of its service a little band of about sixty 
officers and men remained to answer to its last 
roll-call. The consolidated regiment, now the 
Eighty-second, marched to Washington, took 
part in the grand review, then moved to Colum- 
bus, Ohio, and was mustered out September 1, 
1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Corp. Theodore Mullen, e. March 26, 1862, disc. December, 
1864, wounded and taken prisoner at Dallas, Ga., May 
24, 1864. 

McCay, James, e. April, 1862, killed at Kenesaw Mount- 
ain, Ga., June 27, 1864. 

COMPANY c. 

Baker, William S., e. February 24, 1862, disc. September 
1, 1865, taken prisoner at Goldsboro, N. C, 1865. 

COMPANY D. 

Doty, Stephen, e. April, 1861, disc. September 1, 1865, 
wounded. 



SIXTY-SECOND OHIO IKFANTEY. 

This regiment was organized in November, 
1861, under Col. F. B. Pond. Itserved under 
Gen. Shields, in Virginia, taking part in the 
battle of Winchester. In August, 1862, it 
moved with McClellan in the Peninsula cam- 
paign ; then proceeded through North Carolina 
to Port Royal, S. C. It was engaged in the 
assault upon Fort Wagner and in the siege of 
Charleston. During the year of 1864, the 
regiment was almost constantly occupied in 
the contest that raged about Richmond. In 
the spring of 1865, it participated in the as- 
saults on Petersburg, Fort Gregg and Appo- 
mattox. In September, 1865, the Sixty-second 
was consolidated with the Sixty-seventh, the 
combined regiment taking the name of the lat- 
ter-named organization. 

COMPANY A. 

Howard, Nathan, e. July 8, 1863, disc. December 12, 
1865. 



SIXTY-THIRD OHIO INFANTRY. 

By the consolidation of two battalions, 
known as the Twenty-second and Sixty-third, 
this regiment was organized in February, 1862, 
under Col. John W. Sprague. It immediately 
joined the Army of the Mississippi under Gen. 
Pope, and was engaged in all the movements 
which resulted in the capture of Island No. 10, 
and in the siege of Corinth. It took part in 
the battles of luka and Corinth under Rose- 
crans. After operating in Alabama and Ten- 
nessee until October, 1863, the Sixty-third 
joined the army of the Cumberland, and par- 
ticipated in the battles of the Atlanta campaign, 
the march to the sea and through theCarolinas. 
It took part in the review at Washington, then 
moved to Louisville, where it was mustered 
out July 8, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Corp. T. Davie, e. .January 6, 1862, disc. July 8. I860 

COMPANY E. 

Sergt. Eli Casey, e. December 12, 1861, killed at Corinth, 
MisB., October 4,1862. 

COMPANY G. 

Sivill, T. v., e. October 14, 1861, disc. 1865. 

COMPANY I. 

Meneal, Elijah. 

COMPANY K. 

Organ, M. G., e. November, 1861, disc. December, 1863. 
Organ, S. S., e. October 25, 1861, disc. July 8, 1865. 
Kiley, John. 
Skates, Peter S., e. December 23, 1863. 



SIXTY-FOURTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Sixty-fourth Ohio was organized Novem- 
ber 9, 1861. It joined the National forces in 
Kentucky, then moved to Nashville. It was 
present at the battle of Shiloh and the siege of 
Corinth ; it fought at Stone River and at Chick- 
amauga ; it participated in the assault upon 
Mission Ridge and moved to the relief of Knox- 
ville. It joined the Atlanta campaign, and af- 
ter the^fall of that city followed in pursuit f 
Hood. At the close of the war, the Sixty- 
fourth was ordered to Texas, where it remained 
until mustered out, December 3, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Harris, R. L., e. March 11, 1864, disc. October 9, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Ruhl, Daniel, e. October, 1861, disc. 1864, wounded at 
Murfreesboro, Tenn., 1862. 



SIXTY-FIFTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was mustered in December 1, 
1861, under Col. Charles G. Harker, and im- 
mediately reported to Gen. Wood, in Kentucky. 
It participated in the battle of Shiloh ; took 
part in the siege of Corinth, in the battles of 
Stone River, Chickamauga and Mission Ridge ; 
was engaged in the various battles and skir- 
mishes of the Atlanta campaign ; pursued 
Hood across the Tennessee, and, after the close 
of the war, performed garrison duty in Texas 



484 



UNION COUNTY 



until December, when it was ordered to Co- 
lumbus, Ohio, and di^^charged January 2, 1886: 

COMPANY D. 

Second Lieut. D. H. Kowland, e. October 3, 1862, disc. 
December, 1865. 

COMPANY T. 

Musician W. M. Pierce, e. November 20, 1861, disc. Au- 
gust, 1862. 

COMPANY G. 

McUuire, J. N., e. October 3, 1861, disc. December, 1865. 
Violet, 0. H. 



SIXTY-SI.XTII OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Sixty-sixth Ohio was organized at 
Camp Mc Arthur, Urbana, Ohio, October 1, 
1861, under Col. Cliarles Candy, and on the 
17t,h of .January, 1862, moved to West Vir- 
ginia and reported to Gen. Lander at New 
t;reek, where the first iield camp was made. 
Gen. Shields soon succeeiled Gen. Lander, and 
the Sixty-sixth, for a few weeks, was stationed 
as Provost-Guard at Martinsburg, Winchester 
and Strasburg ; then cro.s^ed the Blue Ridge 
to Fredricksburg, where it was assigaed to the 
Third Brigade under Gen. E. B. Tyler. Orders 
were soon received to countermarch for the 
relief of Gen. Banks in the Shenandoah Val- 
ley and for the protection of Washington then 
threatened by .Stonewall .Jackson. 

In the battle of Port Republic, June 9, the 
regiment took an active and promiaent part in 
defending a battery of seven guns. The enemy 
had possession of these guns at three different 
times, and as many times were compelled to 
abandon them by the i-egiment. After tight- 
ino- for five hours against overwhelming num- 
bers, Gen. Tyler withdrew his command. The 
recfiment lost on this occasion VMi of the 400 
men engaged. In July, the Sixty-sixth with 
its brigade, joined Gen. Pope at Sperryville, 
and was assigned to the Second Division of the 
Twelfth Corps. 

, The Second Division, under command of 
Gen. Banks, opened the Cattle at Cedar Mount- 
ain, and in the desperate struggle which 
ensued the regiment lost eighty-seven killed 
and wounded of the 200 men in arms. Its 
battle flag had one shell and nineteen ballet 
holes made through it, and one Sergeant and 
five Corporals were shot down in succession 
while carrying it. The regiment was again 
actively engaged at Antietam on the 17th and 
and ISth of September. On the 27th of De- 
cember, 1862, Gen. Stewart with 2,000 rebe 
cavalry made an attack on Dumfries, a small 
town garrisoned by the Fifty-seventh and 
Sixty-sixth Ohio Regiments, about 700 troops 
in all. After fighting fiercely for several 
hours, the enemy was forced to retreat. 

In the engagement at Chancellorsville, the 
regiment held a position in front of Gen. 
Hooker's headciuarters, and again its brav*ry 
was exemplified. After participating in the 
battle of Gettysl)urg, the Sixty-sixth pursued 
Lee to the Rappahannock ; and in August, 
1863, proceeded to New York to enforce the 
draft. In September, it was transferred to the 



Army of the Cumberland near Chattanooga, 
and in November took part in the bittles of 
Lookout Mountain, Mission Riilge and Ring- 
gold. On the loth of December, the regiment 
re-ealisted, and at the end of veteran furlough 
returned to Bridgeport. Ala., where it lay in 
camp about three months. In May, 1864, it, 
moved with the First Brigade, Second Division, 
Twentieth Corps, on the Atlanta campaign. 
At Rocky Face Ridge, the Twentieth Corps 
was repulsed with greit loss. At Resaca, the 
Sixty-sixth was actively engaged, but with 
slight loss. On the 25th, it took part in th- 
engagement near Pumpkin Vine Creek, and 
for eight days kept up a continuous musketry 
with the enemy. On the 15th of June, the 
regiment led the advance on Pine Mountain, 
and in the battles of Kenesaw, Marietta and 
Peach Tree Creek fought with conspicuous gal- 
lantry. After the capture of Atlanta, the 
Sixty-sixtli remained on duty in that city 
until Sherman started' on his "march to the 
sea." Fi'om Savannah it moved northward 
through the Carolinas and on to Wasiiington, 
passing over the old battle-field of Chancellor- 
ville, thus making the entire circuit of the 
Southern States. 

The regiment was finally mustered out at 
Columbus, Ohio, July 19, 1865, after serving 
in twelve States, marching over 11,000 miles, 
and participating in nineteen battles, with a 
loss of 112 killed, and about 850 woujided. 

Company F, of the Sixty-sixth Ohio, was 
recruited in Union County, and was mustered 
into the service under the following commis- 
sioned otficers: John Cassil, Captain, L. W. 
Smith, First Lieutenant and O. J. Carter, Sec- 
ond Lieutenant. Captain Cissil resigned in 
June, 1862, and was succeeded by L. W. 
Smith. 

John N. llathburn, a Sergeant of this com- 
pany, was promoted Captain of Company C, and 
W. A. Cavis to First Lieutenant of Company E. 

Company F 'suffered most severely in the 
battle of Port Republic, having nine killed, 
twelve wounded and four taken prisoners, 
and during its term of service, forty-one di«d 
on the field and in the hospitals, thirty-four 
were wounded, and eight taken prisoners. 

Union County was also represented in Com- 
panies A, B, C, D, E, I and K of this regiment. 

COMPANY A. 

Brooks, J. M., o. October 30, 1861, disc. December 29, 1863 . 
Conrad, J. W. H., e. December 11, 1861, disc. August 12, 

1862. 
Colbert, I. C, e. November 5, 1861, disc. May, 1862. 
Porry, Michael, e. January 3, 1862, disc. January 17, 1865, 

taken prisoner at Cliaaoollorsville, Va., May, 1863. 

COMPANY B. 

O'Haver, H., e. October 8, 1861, disc. 1863. 

COMPANY C AND F. 

Capt. J. N. Rathburn, e. October 17, 1861, disc. October 
17, 1864, served in Company F until promoted Captain, 
March 3, 1864, wounded June 9. 1862, at Port Republic. 

COMPANY C. 

Sharp, Henry, e. October 22, 1864, disc. 1865. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



485 



COMPANY D. 

Sergeant Peter Haidman, e. October 2, 1861, disc. Feb- 
ruary 14, 1863, died at Soldier's Home, Dayton, Ohio, 
disease contracted in the army. 

Eaypole, John, e. September 2, 1864, disc. April 7, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Capt. Thomas J. Buxton, e. October 15, 1861, resigned 
June 1, 18G3, taken prisoner June 9, 18G2, at Port Re- 
public, Va. 

Capt. John W. Watkins, e. October 19, 1861, disc. Decem- 
ber 22, 1864. 

COMPANY E AND F. 

First Lieut. W. A. Cavis, e. November 8, 1861, resigned 

October 20, 1864, served in Company F until promoted 

to Lieutenant, July 30, 1864. 
Corp. John Aller, e. January 6, 1862, disc. 1865, taken 

prisoner at Port Kepublic. Va., June 9, 1862. 
Black, Henry, e. December 9, 1861. 
Kyle, Eliae, e. December 19, 1861, disc. 1864, wounded at 

Savannah, Ga., December, 1864. 

COMPANY F. 

CHpt. James P. Conn, disc. June 28, 1865, wounded. 
Capt John Cassil, e. October 16, 1861, resigned June 21, 

1862, died at home since the war. 
Capt. L. W. Smith, e. October 17, 1861, disc. December 22, 

1864, wounded at Dallas, Ga, 

First Lieut. Joseph H. Case, disc. Juno 28, 1865. 

First Lieut. William Scott, e. November 13, 1861, died at 

home. 
Second Lieut. J. 0. Carter, e. October 17, 1861, resigned 

April 21, 1862. 
Sergt James Guy, e. September 17, 1861, disc. June 28, 

1865, wiunded at Antietam, Md., September 17, 1862. 
Sergt. Daniel Griffin, e. October 23, 1861, disc. June 28, 

1865. 

Sergt W. H. Loveless, e. October 24, 1861, disc. September 
12, 1862, wounded at Port Republic Va., June 9, 1862. 

Sergt. G. M. McGregor, e. December 7, 1861, disc. De- 
cember 22, 1864, transferred to Seventh 0. V. V. I. 

Sergt. James F. Maggs, e. November, 1861, disc. June 26, 
1865, wounded June 9, 1862, at Port Republic, Va. 

Sergt. A. P. Orahood, e. October 19, 1861, disc. June 28, 
1865, wounded at Port Kepublic, Va., June 9, 1862. 

Sergt. H. D. Parmeter, e. November 27, 1861, taken pris- 
oner June 9, 1862, at Port Republic, Va., transferred 
to Seventh Regiment 0. V. I. 

Sergt. W. C. Porter, e. October 17, 1861, died October 10, 
1862, at Washington, D. C, of wounds received Aug- 
ust 9, 1862, at Cedar Mt.Va. 

Sergt. George Eichey, e. October 17, 1861', killed June 9, 
1862, at Port Republic, Va. 

Sergt. D. L. Robinson, e. November 13, 1861, died July 
10, 1802, in hospital, Alexandria, Va. 

Sergt. Nathan C. Welsh, e. November 13, 1861, wounded 
at Fredericksburg, Va., 1862. 

Corp. Daniel Beightler, e. November 27, 1861, disc. June 
28, 1865. 

Corp. Francis Cooledge, e. October 21, 1861, disc. January 
31, 1863, wounded at Cedar Mountain, Va., August 9 , 
1862. 

Cori>. Edward Cody, e. October 17, 1861, disc. June 28, 
1865, wounded June 9, 1862, at Port Republic. 

Corp. John Freshwater, e. November 20, 1861, killed June 
9, 1862, at Port Republic, Va. 

Corp. F. M. Gibson, e. November 29, 1861, disc. June 28, 
1865. 

Corp. William H. Sharp, e. December 6, 1861, killed June 
9, 1862, at Port Republic, Va. 

Corp. Matthias Smith, e. December 5, 1861, disc. June 28, 
1865, wounded November 27, 1863, at Lookout Moun- 
tain. 

Corp. A. M. Marks, e. November 28, 1861, disc. Decem- 
ber 22, 1864. 

Armstrong, J. H., taken prisoner June 9, 1802, at Port 
Republic, Va. 

Amrine, Alfred e. November 27, 1861, disc. June 1,1865, 
taken prisoner May 18, 1864. 

Amrine, John W., e. November 21, 1861, disc. June 28, 
1865. 

Amrine, R. P., e. Jaruary 25, 1864, taken prisoner at 
Bentonville, N. C. 

Arnold, Jasper, e. August 9, 18C2. 

Beck, A. B., e. December 15, 1863, disc. Junel5, 1865. 

Berriam, William, e. November 1, 1861, disc. June 30, 
1862. 

Bethard. James H., October 17, 1861, disc. July 21, 1862. 

Bell, William H., e. January 23, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 



Bethard, A. G., e. October 17,'.186], disc. Obtoberl4, 1862" 

Beightler, Abraham, e. December 6, 1861. 

Burris, Martin, e. November 19, 1861, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Bancroft, William, e. January 22, 1864, disc. July 28, 1865. 

Beck, Jesse R., November 19, 1861. 

Blake, John T., e. August, 1862, died June, 1863, at Mil- 

liken's Bend, La. 
Bassell, Adams, e. January 11, 1864, killed June 24, 1864, 

at Mission Ridge. 
Billiter, Noah C, e. December 7, 1861, disc. November 24, 

1862. 
Black, Thomas, e. December 9, 1861, disc. December 13, 

1862. 
Brown, Albert, e. November 21, 1861, disc. November 15, 

1862. 
Battees, William S., e. November G, 1861, killed June 9, 

1862, at Port Republic, Va. 
Burress, Enoch, e. August 9, 1862, disc. November 29, 

1862, died at home, disease contracted in the army. 
Brewster, James, e. August 14, 1861, disc. June 3, 1862. 
Cummins, James, e. November 28, 1861. 
Cassel, James M., e. February 21, 1862, disc. August 12, 

1862. 
Cole, Riley, e. April 7, 1864, died August 21,1864, at Chat- 
tanooga, Tenn. 
Cole, James R., e. March 29, 1864, died July 8, 1864, at 

Nashville, Tenn. 
Cooledge, T., e. October 19, 1861, died April 10, 1862, 

at Winchester, Va. 
Collumber, Jesse, e. January 27, 1864, diec. June 28, 1865. 
Constant, William, e. August 9, 1862, disc. June 3, 1865. 
Dasher, John, e. Janilary 16, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Dockum, Harry, e. November 8, 1861, disc. October 24, 

1862. 
Dolbear, E. C, e. November 13, 1861, disc. December 31, 

1861. 
Dines, W. C, e. August 20, 1862, disc. June 3, 1865, died 

at home in 1882. 
Doolan, John, e. December 10, 1861, disc. December 31, 

1861. 
Doolan, Daniel, e. December 10, 1861. 
Draper, Henry, e. November 29, 1861, died August 24, 

1864, at Nashville, Tenn. 
Edgington, J., e. November 28, 1861, disc. July 18, 1864, 

died at Marysville, Ohio. 
Elliott, Felix, e. December 9, 1801, disc. June 26, 1865. 
Freshwater, W. C, e. October 12, 1861. died June 17, 

1862, of wounds received at Port Republic, \a., June 

9, 1862. 
Filler, B. F., e. August 11, 1862, transferred to Seventh 

Ohio Volunteer Infantry. 
Griffith, John'H., e. August 11, 1862, disc. March 4, 1868. 
Griffith, T. E., e. November 10, 1864. 
Guy, William, e. October 17, 1861, disc. .June 28, 1865. 
Gregory, Jason, e. October 26, 1861, disc. June 16, 1862, 

taken prisoner at Newtown, W. V. 
Goal, J. W., e. October, 1861, disc. 1865. 
Gray, James, e. December 3, 1861, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Gray, Stephen, e. November 13, 1861, died at Columbus, 

Ohio, November 21, 1863, of wounds received at Get- 
tysburg, Pa., July 2, 1862. 
Grow, Henry, e. November 9, 1864, disc. January 26, 

1863. 
Grow, George, e. NovfmberSO, 1861, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Graham, Silas, e. March 14, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Hume, Alonzo, e. November 13, 1861, wounded at Port 

Republic, Va., June 9, 1862, disc. January 7, 1863. 
Heseldou, J,, e. 1864, wounded May 27, 1864, disc. June 

28, 1864. 
Holloway, William J., e. January 10 1862, transferred to 

V. R. C. 
Horncy, J., e. November 28, 1861, killed at Pine Moun- 
tain, Ga , June 16, 1864. 
Huflman, A. W., e. February 18, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Hufiman, J. T., e. October 17, 1861, disc. April 26, 1862. 
Ingram, B. P., e. March 10, 1864. 

Kelly, Daniel, e. November 30, 1861, disc. October 9, 1862. 
Knickelson, Jtreniiah, e. November 1, 1861,killedat Port 

Republic, Va., June 9, 1862. 
Kelsey, William J., e. April 1, 1864, disc. July 19, 1865. 
Kent, Thomas, e. December 17, 1861, wounded at Port 

Republic, Va., June 9, 1862, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Lewallen.T. J., e. August 9, 1862, died at Harper's Ferry 

Va., December 14. 1862. 
Laird, S. D., e. November 12, 1861, taken prisoner at 

Fredericksburg dit^c. December 22, 1864. 
Lannon, J. R., e. 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Little, John, e. December 6, 1861, died at Alexandria, 

Va., July 28, 1862. 
Loats, L. H., e. January 18, 1862, disc. June 28, 1865. 



486 



UNION COUNTY 



Leitz, Jacob, e. September 21, 1863, disc. December 20, 

1864. 
liorlng, Emery, e. October 17, 1861, wounded and taken 
prisoner at Port Republic, Va., June 9, 1862, disc. Miy 
(i, 1863. 
McBride, Thomas, e. September 15, 1863, died at Bridge; 

p.irt, Ala.,May 12,18iU. 
McGlenn, James, e. November 18, 1861, disc June 28, 

1865. 
McGraw, David, e. J, uiuary 29, 1861, disc. June 28, 1865. 
McKitrick, J. H., e. November, 1861, wounded August 9, 

1862, disc. June 28, 1865. 
McCarty. William, e. December 7, 1861. 
McGlee. Andrew, e. September 21, 1861, disc. May 15, 

1865. 
McGregor, M. M., e. October 21, ^j<63, disc. January 10, 

1865. 
Myers, James H., e. January 26, 1861, disc. 1865. 
Myers, Joseph K., e. October 21, 1S61, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Murdock, Robert, e. December 28, 1861. Transferred to 

invalid corps. 
Mills, James, e. November 28, 1861, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Mathers, John, e. March 7, 1864, disc. June 23, 1865. 
Mapes, T. A., e. November 20, 1861, disc. December 30, 

1862. 
Monroe, David B., e, October 29, 1861, wounded at Look- 
out Mountain, Tenn., November 24, 1863, diisc. June 
28, 1865. 
Newhouse, J. H., e. October 17, 1861, wounded at Stras- 

burg, Va., disc. June 24, 1862. 
Drahood, Amos, e. December 6,1861, died (while home on 

furlough) at Marysville, Ohio, June 11, 1862. 
Orahood, Milton, e. November 13, 1861, died at home 

August 8, 1862. 
Parmeter, Samuel, e. November 16, 1861, disc. April 26, 

1862. 
I'pck, John 0., e. October 27, 1861, disc. July 15,1865. 
Powers, W. M., e. November 20, 1861, disc. February 19, 

1863. 
I'iatt, John, 
lleid, Theodore, 6. January 10, 18115, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Died Fel>ruary 27, 1867. 
Reading, William M., e. November 6, 1861, disc. July 5, 

1862. 
Rice, F. M., e. August 11, 1862, disc. June 28. 1865. 
Ryan, J. H., e. November 15, 18i;i, wounded at Port Re- 
public, Va. , June 9, 1862, died at Harper's Ferry, Va., 
December, 30,1862. 
Reider, Christopher, e. November 5, 1861, di:?c. December 

15, 1862. 
."^hout, r., e. Oc^ob^r 28, 1861, disc. June 16, 1862. 
Spain, Marshall, e. Februiry 29, ISiJl, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Spiin, Philander, e. October 25, 1861, disc. January 30, 

1862. 
Sherbone. George, e. February 20, 1862 
Shuler, W. A., e. March 8, 1864, wounded at Pine Hill, 

Ga , 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Stillings, William, e. December 7, 1861, disc. December 

31,1861. 
•Stephens, William, e. January 9, 1862. 
Smith, John, e. November 7, 1861, disc. July, 1865. 
Smith, .John. e. October, 1861, disc. November 20, 1862. 
Smith, J. T., e. November 28, 1861 wounded at Gettys- 
burg, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Smith, James F., e. December 1,1861, died at Waahing- 
ton, D, 0. of wounds received at Port Republic, Va., 
June 9. 1862, disc. October 16, 1.862. 
Smith, JacobH., e. November 28, 1861, disc. March 27, 

1863. 
Smith, Isaac T., e. November 28, 1861. 
Shayer, J., e. 1861, disc. March 2, 1863. 
Shoemaker, Andrew, e. September 26, 18iit, disc. June 3, 

IS65. 
Stilhem, Leonard, e. November 30, 1861, died at Urbana, 

Ohio, .January 20,1862. 
Seagrover, George, e. October 19, 1861, disc. December 22, 

1864. 
Severn, Mathew, e. November '28, 1861, killed at Port Re- 
public, Va., June 9, 1862. 
Sharp, R. B., e. December 5, 1861, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Sterling, Darius, e. December 9, 1861, died at Fort Dela- 
ware, Md., December 6, 1862. 
Turuer, S.impson, e. January 5, 1864, killed at Atlanta, 

Ga.. Au!^ust26, 1801. 
Turner, Scephun, «. January 5, 1861, killed at Rosaca, 

Ga., M.iy 25, 1861. 
Thayer, Jos'sph, e. December 6, 1861, disc. March 2, 1863. 

Wounded. 
Wilcox, Richard, e. November 22, 1861, wounded at Fred- 
ericksburg. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., June 20, 1864. 



Wilcox, Charles B , e. November 20, 1861, wounded May 
1, 1863, and again Juno 15, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Warner, J. B., e. February 25, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Williams, C. C, e. March 8, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Wolford, Levi, e. December 2, 1861, killed at Port Ra- 
public, Va., June 9, 1862. 

Worley, N. L., e. October 25, 1861, disc. November 21, 
1862. 

Worley, David, e. October 25, 1861, killed at Kenesaw 
Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864. 

Welsh, Michael, e. September 27, 1864. disc. June 3,1865. 

Wvaiit, John J., f. November 27, 1861, taken prisoner 
June 9, 1862, at Port Republic, Va., wounded June 18, 
1863, disc. June 28, 186i. 

Wilmoth, John, e. November 8, 1861, killed at Port Re- 
public, Va., June 9, 1862. 

COMPANY Q. 

Irwin, John R., e. November 14, 1861, killed at Cedar 
Mountain, Va., August 9, 1862. 

COMPANY H. 

Capt. J. M. Mcllroy, e. October 16, 1861, disc. Juno 28' 

1865. 
Sergt. G. W. Poling, e. October 14, 1861. 
Corp. Daniel Poling, e_. December 14, 1862. 
Blake, Byron, e. February 14, 1861, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Darling, Charles. 

Davis, William T., e. October 16, 1861, died at Winches- 
ter, Va., April 12, 1862. 
Graham, William, e. August, 1863, disc. January, 1864. 
Grubbs, William, e. March 15, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Harris, D. W., e. September 28, 1864, disc. June 28, 186,5. 
Mittex, James H., e. December 14, 1864, disc. July 15 , 

1865, wounded at Dallas, Ga., 1864. 
Marks, Jonas, e. August 28, 1862, disc. June 6, 1865. 
Marks, Is vac, e. .\u^u3t 28, 1862. 

Poling, Reuben, e. January 17, 1862, disc. April 3, 1865. 
Stiner, C. W., e. November 1, 1861, disc. April 24, 186 2,. 

wounded at Martinsburg, Va. 
Shineman, David, o. October 14, 1861, died at Cumberland 

Gap. 
Wilson, Mathew, o. December 14, 1862, killed June 27, 

1864, at Kenesaw Mountain, Ga. 
Wilson, William.e. November21, 1861, killed June 9, 186 2, 

at Port Republic, Va. 

COMPANY I. 

Corporal James Riddle, e. August 1, 1862. 

Baxter, E. W., e. August 5, 1862, disc. June 5, 1865. 
1 Meeks, Z., e. January 14, 1862, died November 12, 186 2, 
' in hospital at Harper's Ferry, Va. 
i Milledge, .John.e. August 8.1862, disc. June 5, 1365. 

Nicely, John W., e. 1861, disc. 1863, wounded at Antietam , 
' Md., September 17, 1862. 

' COMPANY K. 

I Turner, E., e. April 4, 1861, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Webb, Martin, e. December 12, 1863, disc. June 28, 1865 . 

SIXTY-NINTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment, was organized in February , 
1862. It entered the field in April and oper- 
ated in Tennessee. It was engaged in the bat- 
tle of Stone River, and in September, 1863, 
tooii part in the assault upon Mission Ridge, 
sutfering severely. It joined Sherman's move- 
men', upon Atlanta and pirticipated in nearly 
all the battles through to .Jonesbiro. After 
pursuing Hood north, i'. marched to the s ea, 
thence throuir'ii the Oarolinas and on to Wash- 
ington. It was mustered out July 17, ISrio. 

COMPANY B. 

Haun, W., e. January, 1861, disc. July, 1865 . 
Turner, William, e. July 10, 1862, wounded at Chatta- 
nooga, Tenn., 1863, died at Memphis, 1863. 

SEVENTIETH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Seventieth Ohio was organized during 
the autumn of 1861, under Col. Joseph B. Cock- 
erill. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



487 



In February, 1862, it proceeded to Ken- 
tucky, and reported to Gen. Shernum. It 
look a prominent part in the battle of Pitts- 
burg Lauding and in the siege of Corinth. In 
June, 1863, it joined in the investment of 
A'icksburg, and after the surrender moved upon 
Jackson. It was engaged in the battle of Chat- 
tanooga, then marched to the relief of Knox- 
ville. In January, 1864, the Seventieth re-en- 
listed as veterans, and in May moved with Sher- 
man upon Atlanta; it participated in all the 
engagements on the way and around Atlanta. 
It marched through Georgia to the sea; shared 
in the assault upon Fort McAllister, and moved 
through the Carolinas. It was discharged Au- 
gust 14, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

I'ainter, L. L., e. February 29, 1864, disc. August 14 
1865. 

SEVENTY-FIR.ST OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Seventy-first Ohio was organized Feb- 
ruary 1, 1862, under Col. Rodney Mason. It 
soon reported to Gen. Sherman, in Kentucky, 
:ind in April participated in the battle of 
8hiloh. During the summer of 1862, it ope- 
rated along the Cumberland River, and in 
.\ugust was captured by an overwhelming ma- 
jority. After its exchange, it guarded railroads 
in Tennes'^ee until the battle of Nashville, where 
it took an active and effective part. It served 
in Texas, during the summer and fall of 1865, 
and was finally mustered out at Columbus, 
Ohio, in January, 1866. 



Lane, S. D. 



COMPANY D. 



COMPANY E. 



Musician G. W. Wiison, e. March 16, 18G3, disc. February 
18, 1866. 

SEVENTY-FOURTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in February, 
1862, under Col. Granville Moody. In April, 
it entered the field in Tennessee, and guarded 
railroads most of the time until December, 
when it took an active part in the battle of Stone 
River. 

On the movement toward Chattanooga, the 
Seventy-fourth shared in the engagements at 
Hoover's Gap, Chickamauga, Lookout Mount- 
ain and Mission Ridge. It participated in the 
Atlanta campaign, pursued Hood northward, 
marched to Savannah, and through the Caro- 
linas. 

After the grand review at Washington, it 
proceeded to Louisville, Ky., where it was 
mustered out on the 10th of July, 1865. 

COMPANY A. 

Cassady, George. 

Dawson, William, e. August 17, 1861, wounded at Jones- 
boro, Ga., September 1, 1864, disc. July 7, 1866. 

COMPANY D. 

Gaines, K. E., e. November 16, 1861, disc. July 18, 1862. 
SEVENTY-SIXTH OHIO I.N'FANTRY. 

The Seventy-sixth Ohio Infantry was re- 
cruited during the fall of 1861, by Col. C. R. 



Woods. The organization was completed and 
mustered into the service on the 9ih of Feb- 
ruary, 1862, with 062 officers and men. The 
regiment immediately entered the field in 
Ken'ucky, and took part in the engagement at 
Fort Donelson. It then moved to Pittsburg 
Landing, and was exposed to the enemy's fire 
during the whole of the second day's battle at 
that place. It moved with the army under 
Halleck upon Corinth, and after the evacuation 
marched to Memphis. In .July it proceeded 
to Helena, Ark., and in August joined the 
movement upon Miliken's Bend and Haines' 
Bluffs, surprising the Thirty-first Louisiana 
Regiment and capturing all its camp and gar- 
rison equipage, and many prisoners. 

Four siege guns, two field pieces, and a 
large quantity of fixed ammunition also fell 
into the hands of the forces during this expe- 
dition. 

In October, the Seventy-sixth went to Mis- 
souri, and in December formed a part of Sher- 
man's expedition against Vicksburg; then 
proceeded up the river to Arkansas Post, and 
on the 11th of January, 1863, assisted in the 
capture of that fort, losing seventy mea. 

The regiment operated under Gen. Grant in 
the siege of Vicksburg, and after the surren- 
der marched in pursuit of Johnston to Jack- 
son, and on the 2.3d of September embarked 
at Vicksburg for Memphis. During the 
months of October and November, the Seventy- 
sixth served in Northern Alabama and Ten- 
nessee; then joined Gen. Hooker ai Chatta- 
nooga, and participated in the assaults upon 
Lookout Mountain, Misson Ridge and Ring- 
gold. About two thirds of the regiment re- 
enlisted on the 4th of January, 1864, and 
after the veteran furlough, joined Sherman's 
Atlanta campaign'and took part in the battles 
of Snake Creek Gap, Resaca, Dallas, New 
Hope Church, Kenesaw Mountain, Atlanta and 
Jonesboro. 

After the fall of Atlanta, the Seventy-sixth 
moved to South Carolina and engaged in the 
" Campaign of the Carolinas." In February, 
1865, it operated around Columbia until the 
evacuation of that city, then moved to Ben- 
tonville and took part in the last battle of the 
war at that place. 

It marched to Raleigh, where it remained 
until Johnston's surrender ; proceeded to 
Washington and took part in the grand review 
before the President, then moved to Louisville, 
Ky., and was mustered out of the service, 
after which it went to Columbus, Ohio, where 
it was discharged on the 24th day of July^- 
1865. 

The Seventy-sixth Regiment had over 1,500 
men in its organization, and mustered out only 
about 400. It was engaged in forty-seven 
battles and skirmishes ; lost 350 officers and 
men on the field and in the hospitals, and had 
341 wounded in battle. 

Dr. A. Sabine, of this county, who was As- 
sistant Surgeon of the Twenty-sixth Ohio 
Volunteer Infantry, was promoted to Surgeon 



4S8 



UNION COUNTY 



of the Seventy-sixth Regiment in January, 
1862, for meritorious service on the battle-field 
of Stone River, and served with this regiment 
until the close of the war. He held the posi- 
tion of Medical Director of Gen. Wood's di- 
vision during the siege of Vicksburg. and 
during the Atlanta campaign was the greater 
part of the time Ohief of ttie Corps of Oper- 
ators of the First Division, Fifteenth Army 
Corps. 

COMPANY A. 

Surgeon Andrew Sabine, commission issued July 2, 

1861. disc. July 24. 1865. 
Sergeant J. W. Tilton, e. October 17, 1801, disc. July 15, 

1865, re-enlisted as veteran February 14, 1864. 
Tilfon, John F., e. January 4, 1864, disc. July 22, 1865. 
Wright, H. M., e. November 12, 1861, disc. October 13, 

1865. 

COMPANT B. 

Corporal John Dull e. November, 4, 1861, disc. July 19, 
1865. 

Brooks, J. P., e. October 17, 18C1, disc. July 15, 1865, re- 
enlisted as veteran February 14, 1864. 

Carroll, George P., e. February 17, 1864. Wounded at 
Atlanta, Ga. 

Tracy, Henry, e. October 9, 1861, disc. June 10, 1865. 

COMPANY 0. 

Harper, T. A., e. October 29, 1861, disc. 1864. 

COMPANY D. 

Denman, C. N., e. October 9, 1861. 

COMPANY O. 

Bonham, John,e. February 22, 1864, dine. 1865.. 
Mossier, George W., e. August 15, 1862, disc. July 17, 1865. 

SEVENTY-EIGHTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The organization of this regiment was com- 
pleted on the 11th of January, 1862, and in 
February it entered the iield at Fort Donelson. 
it took part in the battle of Shiloh and in the 
siege of Corinth. It operated in Mississippi 
and Tennessee under Grant until the surren- 
der of Vicksburg. The Seventy-eighth par- 
ticipated in the movements of the Army of 
the Tennessee until the fall of Atlanta. It 
followed Sherman in his march to the sea and 
through the Carolinas, up to Richmond and on 
to Washington. It was mustered out at Louis- 
ville, Ky., July 11, 1865. 

COMPANY A. 

Henderson, John A., e. 1862, disc. 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Sergeant Furgeson, W., e. November, 1861, disc. 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Kirby, A.G. 

COMPANY (i. 

Fry, W. F., e. December 11, 1861, disc. July 11, 1865. 
SEVENTY NINTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Seventy-ninth Ohio was organized in 
July, 1802, and took the field the following 
month. It operated with the Army of the 
Cumberland in Kentucky and Tennessee, until 
the spring of 1864, when it joined Sherman's 
forces in the advance on Atlanta and fought 
the enemy at Resica. Dallas, Pine Mountain. 
Kenesaw Mountain, Peach-Tree Creek and At- 
lanta. It took part in the siege of Savannah, 



and in the march through the Carolinas ; 
it participated in the engagements at Lang- 
ton, Columbia, Averysboro and Bentonville. 

During its term of service, the Seventy- 
ninth sustained a loss of several hundred. 
It was mustered out June 9, 1865. 

COMPANY Q. 

Corporal Silas McFadden, e. August 7, 1862, disc. March 
25, 1863. 

EIGHTIETH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in December, 
1861, under Col. E. B. Eckley. It was as- 
signed to Gen. Pope's command and served 
with that army during the siege of Corinth. 
It afterward joined Grant's movement in ;\Iis- 
sissippi and shared in the siege and capture of 
Vicksburg. In June, 1863, it, moved with 
Sherman's forces in their march to Chatta- 
nooga, and in November took part in the as- 
sault upon Mission Ridge. 

The Eightieth Ohio re-enlisted in Jan- 
uary, 1864, and after the furlough home, 
joined Sherman's Atlanta campaign. It was 
stationed at Resaca when Hood's demand for 
its surrender was refused. It marched to 
the sea, then moved north across the Caro 
linas to Washington. After the close of the 
war, performed garrison duty in Arkansas 
until mustered out on the loth of August, 
1865. 

COMPANY F. 

Westlake, George, e. August, 1802, disc. September, 1865. 

COMPANY I. 

Temple, George, e. January, 1862, disc. 1865. 

EIGHTY-FIRST OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Eighty-first Ohio was organized during 
the fall of 1861, under Col. Thomas Morton. 
It served in Missouri under Gen. Fremont 
until March, 1862, when it was transferred to 
the Army of the Tennessee. It was actively 
engaged in the battle of Shiloh; then marched 
into Mississippi and took a prominent part in 
the siege of Corinth. In June, 186;), it moved 
into Tennessee and performed garrison duty 
until May, 1864 ; it then entered upon the 
Atlanta campaign and took part in the battles 
at Snake Creek, Dallas, Kenesaw, Atlanta and 
Jonesboro. It participated in all the dangers 
and privations of the campaign of the Caro- 
linas, and, after the review at Washington, 
proceeded to Louisville, Ky., and was mus- 
tered out July lo, 1865. 

COMPANY A. 

Tonguet, Fielding, e. July 20, 1802. 

COMPANY F. • 

Johnson, D. C, e. August 15, 1862, disc. 1865. 
Johnson, Joseph. Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn. 

COMPANY G. 

Overholser, C, e. September 2, 1862, disc. August, 1865. 



Elliott, Uriah. 
Beaver, William. 
Beaver, John. 



COMPANY H. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



489 



EIGHTY-SKCOND OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized December 31, 
1861, under Col. .James Cantwell, and, in 
January, 1862, moved into West Virginia and 
encamped near the village of Fetterman. 
Here it spent several weeks engaged in drill- 
ing, disciplining and active preparations for 
the field. On the 16th of March, the Eighty- 
second was assigned to Gen. Schenck's com- 
mand, and, after exploring the Lost River 
region in search of Harness, the noted guer- 
rilla, moved to the relief of Gen. iMilroy, then 
threatened by Stonewall .Jackson at McDowell, 
and participated in the assault on Bull Pasture 
Mountain and the retreat to Franklin. 

On the 2-5th of May, Schenck's brigade left 
Franklin with the army under Fremont, fol- 
lowing the rebels through Strasburg on to 
Cross Keys, and was present at the battle at 
that place on the 8tli of .June, though not 
actively engaged. It followed Jackson to the 
Shenandoah, then returned through New 
Market, Mount .Jackson and Strasburg to 
Middletown, where Gen. Sigel took command 
of the army. In the organization of the 
Army of Virginia under Gen. Pope, the 
Eighty-second was assigned to an independent 
brigade under Milroy, of the First Corps, 
Sigel' s command. 

In August, it was again engaged with Jack- 
son at Cedar Mountain. A few days later, the 
two armies met on the opposite banks of the 
Rappahannock River, and for more than a 
week kept up an incessant skirmishing, the 
enemy making many attempts to gain Water- 
loo Bridge, which was defended by Milroy' s 
brigade. When orders were received for the 
destruction of the bridge, the work was in- 
trusted to the Eighty-second. Then followed 
the second Bull Run battle, in which the regi- 
ment fought with conspicuous gallantry, losing 
heavily. In this engagement Col. Cantwell 
was killed, and Col. James S. Robinson as- 
sumed command. On the od of September, 
the First Corps proceeded to Fairfax ('. H. 
and the Eighty-second was attached to Gen. 
Sigel's headquarters. While here, Sigel's 
Corps was denominated the Eleventh and 
assigned to the Army of the Potomac. It 
participated in the advance on Fredericksburg, 
:ind ill December went into winter quarters at 
•Statford C. H. Gen. Howard succeeded Gen. 
•Sigel in command of the Eleventh Corps ; and 
the Eighty-second having been relieved from 
duty at headquarters reported to Gen. Schurz, 
its division commander, and by him was desig- 
nated as a battalion of sharp-shooters for the 
division, subject to his personal direction. In 
the movement upon Chancellorsville on the 2d 
of May, the Eighty-second performed good 
service; and from this time until the 7th was 
engaged in the trenches or oti the picket line. 
When the army fell back, tlie regiment re- 
turned to StatFord and remained quietly in its 
old camp until the 10th of June. Then, hav- 
ing been as.'-igned to the Second Brigade of the 
Third Division it moved on the Gettysburg 



campaign, and so severe was its loss in this 
sanguinary battle that only ninety-two of the 
258 jnen who went into the action remained to 
guard its colors. 

The Eleventh Corps followed in pursuit of 
the retreating enemy as far as Warrenton 
Junction. At Hagerstown, the Eighty-second 
had been assigned to the First Brigade of the 
Third Division, and when the Third Division 
was ordered to guard the Orange & Alexan- 
dria Railroad, it was placed at Catlett's Sta- 
tion, where it performed guard and patrol 
duty until September. On the 2.5th, the regi- 
ment, with the Eleventh Corps, was trans- 
ferred to the Army of the Cumberland, and 
participated in the battle of Wauhatcliie 
October 28, and in the assaults upon Lookout 
Mountain and Mission Ridge. It followed in 
pursuit of Bragg, then marched to the relief 
of Knoxville, but when within a few miles of 
that city information was received that the 
siege had been raised and the troops returned 
to their old encampment in Lookout Valley. 
On January 1, 1864, the Eighty-second re- 
enlisted for another three years' service ; on 
the 10th, started to Ohio on veteran furlough ; 
on the 23d of February, re-assembled at 
Columbus, Ohio, with 200 recruits, and, on 
the 3d of March, joined its brigade at Bridge- 
port, Ala. Here the Eleventh and Twelfth 
Corps were consolidated, forming the Twen- 
tieth, and the Eighty-second was assigned to 
the Third Brigade, First Division of this 
corps. On the oOth of April, marching 
orders were received and the regiment entered 
upon the Atlanta campaign, moving toward 
Resaca. On the 14th of May, it assisted the 
Fourth Corps in repulsing an attack by the 
rebels on the Dalton road, and in the engage- 
ment of the next day held an important posi- 
tion with but slight loss, being protected by 
breastworks. t)n the 19th, the enemy was 
found in position near Cassville, but withdrew 
without a battle. At Dallas the regiment took 
an active part, holding the center of the line. 
The entire brigade was exposed toaheavy fire, 
by sunset, almost every cartridge was gone, 
and it was only by searching the cartridge- 
boxes of the dead and wounded that a strag- 
gling fire was kept up until night, when the 
brigade was relieved. On the 28th, it escorted 
a supply train for ammunition to Kingston 
and back, and on the 6th of June went into 
position near Pine Knob, where it remained 
until the 15'h. It was not actively engaged 
at Kenesaw except in skirmishing. On the 
20th of July, it crossed Peach Tree Creek and 
found the rebels in the woods about four 
miles from Atlanta. The regiment lost in this 
affair seventy-five killed and wounded. Dur- 
ing the siege of Atlanta, the Eighty-second 
occupied an important but exposed position. 
On one occasion the regimental colors were 
carried away and torn to shreds by a cannon 
ball. On the 20th of August, it was removed 
to a position on the Chattahoochie, and Gen. 
Slocum assumed command of the corps. On 



490 



UNION COUNTY 



the '2d of September, the national forces took i 
possession ot Atlanta, ami the regiment went 
into camp in the suburbs. On the loth of 
November, it moved with Sherman's army to 
the sea — a iletachmont taking part in the 
eucouuit'r with Wlieeler's cavalry at Biitfalo 
Creek. From Savannah it marched through 
the t'arolinas. At Lancaster, on the 27th of 
February, IStio, some foragers from the 
Eighty-second ciptured a beautiful silk ban- 
ner. The regiment took a prominent pari in 
the engagement at Averysboro. losing two 
othcers and eiglit men wounded, .and was 
again actively engaged in the last battle of the 
war at luMitonville, in which it lost two officers 
and nine men wounded and fourteen men 
missing. From Bentonvilleit movevl to Golds- 
boro, and on the '.hh of April was consolidated 
with the Sixiy-tirst Ohio, the new organiza- 
tion being denominated the Eighiy-second. 
After the surrender of Johnston at Kaleigh, 
the regiment marched to Washington, and 
having participated in the grand review on 
the L'-lth of May, went into camp near Fort 
Lincoln. 

On the 15th of .June, it moved to Louisville, 
Ivy., where it remained until the 25th of July, 
then proceeding to Columbus, Ohio, it was 
discharged July ^9, 18t55 

Company H, of the Eighty-second Infantry, 
was recruited mostly in Union County, and 
was mustered into the service with the follow- 
ing commissioned ofhcers : Nicholas Jerola- 
man. Captain; W. D. \V. Mitchell, First Lieu- 
tenant, and L. B. Lippitt, Second Lieutenant. 
Oapt. Jerolaman resigned July 7, 18l>2, and 
Lieut. W. D. Mitchell was promoted to Captain 
of the company. Capt. Mitchell fell, mortally 
wounded, at Gettysburg July 1, 1863, and 
from that date until April, 18tJ4, the company 
was commanded by Sergeants. Lieut. J . P. 
Davis was in command from April, 1864, to 
October, 1864; Lieut. \V. H. Thompson, from 
October. 1864, to April, 1865 ; and Capt. 
Gradyiski from April until July, 1865. 

During its term of service, nine of the mem- 
bers of I ompany II were killed in battle, seven 
were mortally wounded, eleven died in the 
hospitals, twenty-nine were wounded, and ten 
were taken prisoners. 

I nion County was also represented in Com- 
panies A, B, D, E, F, G, 1 and K of this regi- 
ment. 

COMPANY A. 

Colbert, 1., e. February '^3, 18t)4; disc. July 24, 1865. 
Hogan, Thomas, e. 1SG2 ; disc, iu 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Church, J. S., e. January 24, 1864 ; disc, iu 1865. 
Long, C. C. 

COMPANY D. 

Corporal Harrison Jump, e. November 27, 1861; disc. 
August 29, 1863; \vd. at Bull Run, Va., Aug. 30, 1865. 
Wilson, William, e. Septemlver, 1862. 

COMPANY E. 

Uatcher, Nathaniel. 

COMPANY F. 

Bailey, Wayne, e. November 15, 1861 ; disc. August 19, 

1S62 ; wd. at Bull Run, Va. 
Oliver, A. H., e. October 4, 1864. 



COMPANY 0. 

Captain Miltun Marsli, o. November 21, 1861 ; disc. July 
24, 1865; wd. at (xettysbunt, Penn., July, 1865. 

Blue. Jolin, e. February 2'.l, 1864 ; disc. July 24, 1865. 

Houaker, James, e. Foliruary 23, 1804 ; disc. May 1, 1864 ; 
died in hospital at Bridgeport, Ala. 

liuntor, .lames. 

Ropier, O.^U., e. February 23, 1864 ; died May 27, 1864, 
of wounds receivedat Dallas May 2.'>, 1864. 

COMPANY II. 

Captain Niohjias Jerolamaa, e. June 15, 1861 ; disc. 

July 7, 1862. 
Captain William D. W. Mitchell, e. November 22, 1861; 
wd. at Gettysburg, Ponn., July 1, 186^5, died July 2, 
1863. 
Ca|.>tain John A. Mitchell, e. June 1, 1862; disc. July 24, 
1865; taken prisoner at Gettysburg, I'enu., July 1, 
1863, and held as suoh till the close of the war. 
First Lieutenant J. J. Bier,kilKd May 2, 1863, at Chan- 

cellorsville, Va. 
First Lieutenant J. V. Uavis. e. November 15, 1861 ; disc . 

July 24, 1865. 
First Lieutenant Peter Hill, e. November 1, 1861 ; wd. at 
McDowell, Va., May 8, 1862; re-enlisted in the 174th 0. 

V. I. August 6, 1864 ; disc. 1866. 
Second Lieutenant Loyd B. Lippitt, e. November 15, 

1861 ; resigned July 17, ISOi. 
Second Lieutenant William Thompson, e. November 15, 
1861; disc. July 24, 18(i."> ; taken prisoner July 20, 
1864, at Peach Tree Creek, Ga. 
Sergeant T. R. Cahill, e. l)ecember 7, 1861 ; disc. July 

24, 1865. 
Sergeant J. D. lleuson, e. December 1, 1861 ; disc. July 
24, 186.'>; taken prisoner at Bull Run, Va., August 3o, 
1862, and wd. at Gettysburg. 
Sergeant George M. McPeck, e, December 2, 1861; disc. 
January 1, 1864; wd. at Bull Run, Va., August 30, 
1862. and at Gettysburg, Penn., July 1, 1863. 
Sergeant John G. Lanning, o. December, 1861; disc. 

July 24, 186.^. 
Sergeant George N. Rice, e. November 22, 1861; disc. 

January 2, 1865. 
Corporal D. D. Bolenbaugh, e. December, 1861 ; disc. 
February U, 1865; wd. near Atlanta, Ga., .luly 20, 1864. 
Corporal A. H. Kepler, killed May 25, 1864, at Dallas, 

Ga. 
Corporal 0. .\. Ilea, e. December, 1861; disc. July 24, 

1865 ; wd. at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July, 1864. 
Corporal John T. Kothwell, e. December, 1861; disc. 

July 24, 186,-.. 
Musician Washington Davis, e. November 26, 1861; disc. 

November 26, 1864. 
Ault, W. D., e. November, 1861. 
Bryson, Joseph, e. December 13, 1861; disc. December 8, 

i862. 
Biggs, Henry, e. November 22, 1861 ; disc. July 24, 1865 ; 

wd.at Savannah, Ga., December, 1864. 
Burgoon, W. S., e. December 7, 1861 ; disc. January 21, 

1865 ; wd. at Chancellorsville, Va., May, 1863. 
Bonhani, 11. C, e. December 7, 1861 ; disc. April 15, 1862; 

died at Richwood, Ohio. 
Buyer, A. D., e. November 22, 1861 ; disc. July 24, 1865. 
Beyer, NViliiam H. H.,e. Decembers!, 1861 ; disc. January 

2, 1865; wd. at Bull Run, Va. 
Bombaugh, Lewis, e. November, 1861; disc. July 24, 

1865. 
Berry, John L , e. November 15, 1861 ; disc. August 19, 
i 1862. 

Beardsly, W. W., e. December 7, 1861 ; disc. October 28; 
: 1862; wd. at Bull Run, Va. 

Boyd, D. A., e. November 22, 1861; disc. January 21, 
I 1865; wd.at second battle of Bull Run, Va., August 
I 30, ls62. 

Boyd, J. C, e. December 7, 1861; disc. August 30, 1862; 

killed at second battle of Bull Run, Va. 
Cahill, J. W., e. 1863; disc. July 24, 1865. 
Curl, i;. S , e. December 31, ISlil ; disc. Slay 20, 1865; wd. 
at Peach Tree Creek and at Bentonville, N. C, March, 
1865. 
Chapman, H., e. December 17, 1861 ; disc. July 12, 1862. 
Cory, J. E., e. November 22, 1861; disc. September 2, 

1862 ; died at home August 24, 1871. 
Coons, G. W., e. Novt-mber 25,1861; disc. October 25, 

1862; wd. at Bull Run. 
Davis, Washington, e. November 26, 1861 ; disc. Decem- 
ber 26, 1864. 
John W. Davis, e. December, 1863; killed May 25, 1864 
at Dallas, Ga. 



MILITARY KEfJORD. 



491 



KUlott, r.'riah, <■.. K<-,hruary, 18«4 ; die'l July 'Ui, 1864, 

of wdx. ri;t>-ivA at ('(«w;li Tr".; Creek. 
Evarm, J. 1}., <-. Kovembur 22, 1801; dig';. March 13, 

18<;.;. 
Elliott, A. E , e. li';c«m><er 7, 18G1 ; disc. Dec«mtjer 23, 

1804; w(l. at Bull Kuii. 
Knrie«, F. Z., e. January 6, 1804 ; died May 5, 1865, of 

wtiunilii THf^iti\'i;i\ at Avrjrysboro, K. C, March 10, 180-v. 
Fiel.lB, Thoriiai* J., e. April 25, 1803; died June 4,1804; 

at Naohville, Term. 
yiK'^y, Thoruao, ';. December 2, 1801 ; d ed September?, 

I«02, at G'-i<r(:etown, Va. 
Grimeu, Williim H., r;. November 2-5, 1801; dine. October 

18, lSti2. 
Green, Jam<-M, e December 1,1803; died at Chattanooga 

of wounds received at Dallas, Ga., on the 29th of May, 

1864. 
Green, John, e. December 13, 1861; dine. January 24, 

1863. 
Green, L. C, e. December 28, 1863; wd. May if), 1804, at 

Dallas, Ga. 
Gregg, William, e. February 3, 1804; dine. May 18, 1865; 

wd. .May 2.5, 1804, at Dallas, Ga. 
Herd. Hiram. 
Hen«oii, E. J., e. February, 1804; disc. OcUAer, 1864 

wd.at i'<;ach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 1804. 
Hyde, G. W., e. March 20, 1802; killed at Dallas, Ga., 

in 1804. 
Hyde, VV. D., e. April 2, 1802; disc. September 10, 1862. 
Horn, Thornton, e. November 25, 1861; disc. July 24, 

1865; taken prisoner at Wilderne.'iH. 
Horn, Thomas A., e. December 0, 1801 ; wd. at Dallas, 

(i-A. 

Hoover, Adam, e. December 17, 1861 ; di»c. August 11, 

1«62; died at home July 0, 1878. 
Johnson, C. 1). 
JohnHMU, W. A. 
Jollifi, G. \V., e. January 1, 1802; di»c. June 27, 1802; 

wd. at McDowell, Va. 
Kennedy, George W., e. November 25, 1861 ; disc. Janu- 
ary 2, 1805 ; wd. at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July, 1864. 
Kyle, Simon, e. November 15, 1801 ; died May 25, 1803; 

at Franklin, Va. 
Lowe. A. K., e. November 15, 1801; disc. August 7, 1802. 
Listen, E., e. Febniary 2.3, 1864 ; killed July 20, 1864, 

at Peuch Tree Creek. 
Livingston, George W., e. December 14, 1861; disc. Sep- 
tember 29. 1862? 
McGinnis, A. M., e. November 22, 1861; disc. July 24, 

IhOo; taken prisoner at Occoquan, Va., December 19, 

1802. 
McPhersoM, Jesse, e. December 14, 1801 ; disc. September 

7, 1802. 
McGoon, David, e. November 17, 1861; disc. July 28, 

1865 ; taken prisoner at Occoquan, Va., December 19, 

1802. 
McEldery, William, e. November 22, 1861 ; died July 28, 

1863, at Gettysburg, Penn., of wounds received July 

1, 1863. 
McKldery, John, e. November 22, 1861 ; disc. April 15, 

1805 ; wd. at Moorefield, W. Va., November 9, 1862. 
McGee, Nathan, e. November 15, 180L; disc. December 

1, 1862; died at Fairfax C. U., Va. 
McGee, Morris H., e. November 21, 1861 ; disc. January 

21, 1865. 
Mcllroy, William, e. November 22, 1861 ; died July 28, 

1863, of wounds received at Gettysburg, Penn., July 

1, 1803. 
Morman, Lewis, e. November 27, 1861 ; died April 11 

1862, at Grafton, Va. 
Monroe, Francis, e. February 23, 1864. 
Patrick, Ilannan, e. Januarys, 1864; disc. July 24, 1865. 
Price, James A., e. February 8, 1804; disc. May 22, 1865. 
Porter, David, e. December 6, 1861. 
Parker, X. 8., e. December 31, 1801 ; wd.at Besaca, Ga. 
Beed, John D., e. December 28, 1803. 
Beed, William B., e. December 1, 1853; wd. at Dallas, 

Ga. 
Bodgers, William H., e. December '.), 1861. 
Boss, Joseph, e. December 24, 1801. 
Boss, William, e. December 13, 1861; disc. January 2, 

1865. 
Bose, Edwin, e. January 1, 1862. 
Bose, Albert, e. January 1, 1802; disc. January 2,1865; 

taken prisoner at Occoquan. 
Bobinson, Samuel, e. December 10, 1861 ; disc. December 
b 9, 1864. 

Sigler, I. J., e. December 2, 1801 ; disc. December, 1864. 
8tigg.-rs, L. W., e February 6, 1864 ; dUc. July 24, 1865 ; 

wd. at Besaca, Ga. 



Smith, William L., e. December 24. 1861; wd. and 

taken priw^ner at Chanc'-llornville, Va. 
Smith, Thomas A., e. February 8, 1864; killed May 25, 

1864. at Dallas^ Ga. 
.Smith, Jame-i S,, e. December, 1861 ; disc. July 24, 1865. 
Stanley. Nathan, e. January 3, 1864; disc. May 31, 1865. 
.Smart«fager, H. W., e. December 1, 1863. 
Tobey, William, e. December 21, 1861; disc. July 3, 

1802; died at home. 
Tallman, A. A., e. December 17, 1861 ; died in prison 

March 'If), WA. 
Taff, D. H., e. December 17, 1861 ; disc. July 17, 1862. 
Thompson, J. B., e. November 22, 1861 ; disc. May 24, 

1802. 
Wright, L. D., e. February 1, 1864; disc. July 24, 1865. 
Wright, James W., e. December, 1861; disc. .Tune 25, 

1>'05; wd. May 25, 18'>4, at Dallas, Ga. 
Wright, William, e. February 8, 1804; disc. July 18, 

1805 ; died at home. 
Winters, James S., e. December 31, 1861; taken prisoner 

at Occoquan, Va. 
Watford, Joseph, e. February 8,1804; died July 13, 

WA, near Kenesaw Mountain, Ga. 
Whaley, Alvin, e. December, 1861 ; taken prisoner at 

Occoquan, Va. ; wd. at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July, 

1864. 
Wright, C. C, e. February 7, 1804. 
Yantiss, J. J., e. November 22, 1801 ; died August 23, 

1803; wd. at Gettysburg, Penn., July 1, 1863. 
YarringU^n, Hiram, e. November 22, 1861 ; disc. October 

15. 18(i.3. 
Yarringt<jn, John, e. 1863 ; disc. July 24, 1805. 
Yarrington, Ephraim, e. November 13, 1801 ; disc. May 

24, 1862 ; died at home. 

COMPANY I. 

Sergt. William Bellentine, e. February 2, 1862; killed 
at Bentonville, N. C, March, 1865 

Alexander. J. J., e. December 4, 1861; di*c. January 2, 
1865. 

Alexander, G. B., e. November 26, 1861; January 2, 
1805. 

Burgner, A., wd . at Bull Bnn, Va. 

Drum, G. W. 

Eddleblute, .Jac^jb, e. August 28, 1862; disc. February 17, 
1804; wd. at Gettysburg, Penn., July 1, 1863. 

Fawn, George, e. December, 1801 ; disc. July 24, 1865. 

Jollifl, William J., e. December 27, 1861 ; disc. November 
19, 1802. 
I Lake, John, e. December 10, 1801; wd. and taken pris- 
oner at Cnancellorsville, Va., May, 1864. 

Linsly, A. B., e. January 4, 1862. 

COMPANY K. 
Morey, Delano, wd. at Bull Bun, Va. 



EIGHTy-THIKD OHIO INFANTKr. 

This regiment was organized on the 22d of 
.September, 18G2, under Col. F. W. Moore, and 
was a.ssigned to the First Brigade, Tenth Di- 
vision, Army of the Tennessee. It was en- 
g-iged in the battles ar Chickasaw Bajou, Ark- 
ansas Bayou, Arkansas Post and Vicksburg. 

On the 13th -f March, 1864, the Figlity- 
third started on the Red River expedition, and 
on the 8th of April encountered the enemy 
near Pleasant Hills. 

In November, this regiment was consolidated 
with the Forty-eighth Ohio, and in Mircb, 
1865, started on the campaign against Mobile. 
AtFort Blakely, it took an active and promi- 
nent part, capturing two forts, eight cannon, 
two mortars, a long line of breastworks, eight 
hundred prisoners, two flags, and a large quan- 
tity of small arms, aiamunition, and other 
stores. It lost thirty-six officers and men 
killed and wounded. From Mobile, the regi- 
ment moved to Galveston, where it remained 
performing guard duty until July 21, when it 



492 



UNION COUNTY 



proceeded to Ohio, and was discharged on the 
10th of August, 1865. 



Turney, W. H. 



COMPANY B. 



EIGHTY-FIFTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Eighty-fifth Ohio consisted of four com- 
panies (a battalion), recruited in the summer 
of 1862. It never reached the regimental point. 
Occasionally a company would be attached to 
some other organization and sent to the field, 
but the most of the time was spent at Camp 
Chase, guarding the large number of prisoners 
in confinement there. 
Hill, William T. 

COMPANY C. 

RoBebrook, William H., e. June, 18C2. 

EIGHTY-SIXTH OHIO INFANTRY. 
Three Months Organization. 

On the 26th of May, 1862, Gov. Tod called 
upon the military committee of Lfnion County 
for one hundred men, and on the 3d of .June 
a company of eighty-eight left Marysville for 
Columbus. The men were all recruited in 
this county and entered the service for three 
months. 

At Columbus the company was assigned to 
the Eighty-sixth Regiment and mustered into 
service with the fallowing commissioned offi- 
cers: William H. Robb, Captain; G. L. Sellers, 
First Lieutenant, and Charles Cavis, Second 
Lieutenant. 

There were two organizations of the Eighty- 
sixth; the first was recruited in response to a 
call from the President for 75,000 men in ^lay, 
1862, to serve for three months for the protec- 
tion of the Northern States, then threatened by 
by the Rebel General, Stonewall .Jackson. It 
was organized on the 11th of June, under 
Col. B. Burns, and left Ohio for Clarksburg, 
W. Va., on the 17th, where it was stationed to 
guard the railroad and protect Grafton, the 
base of supplies for the troops at Weston, 
Buckhannon and Beverly. On the 27th of 
July, companies A, C, H and 1 moved to 
Parkersburg in expection of a raid upon that 
place, but were recalled to Clarksburg on the 
2l8t of August to prevent a rebel force under 
Jenkins from crossing Cheat .Mountain. Jen- 
kins succeeded in crossing the mountains at 
another point, and. after capturing Buck- 
hannon and Weston, and destroying large 
quantities of Government stores, returned to 
the mountains of West Virginia. The term of 
service having expired, the Eighty-sixth was 
ordered to Camp Delaware, Ohio, where it was 
mustered out September 25, 1862. 

COMPANY E. 

Captain William H. Robb, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 
2.5, 1862. 

First Lieutenant G. L. Sellers, e. June 3, 1862, disc. Sep- 
tember 25, 1862. 

Second Lieutenant Charles Cavis, e. June 3, 1862, disc. 
September 25, 1802. 

Sergeant Samuel K. Harbert, e. June 3, 1862, disc. Sep- 
tember 25, 1862. 

Sergeant Isaac N. Hamilton, e. June 3,1862, disc. Septem- 
ber 25, 1862. 



Sergeant W. S. Johnson, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 
25, 1862. 

Sergeant Alexander D. Reed, e. June 3, 1802, disc. Sep- 
tember 25,1862. 

Sergeant ^William H. Robinson, e. June 3, 1802, disc. 
September 25, 1862. 

Corporal Ulysses D. Cole, e. June 3, 1802, disc. September 
25, 1802. 

Corporal John M. Homey, a'. June 3, 1862, disc. Septem- 
ber 25, 1862. 

Corporal Jacob C. Lee, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 
25, 1862. 

Corporal William L. Porter, e. June 3, 1862, disc. Septem- 
ber 25, 1802. 

Corporal Calvin H. Reed, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 
25, 1802. 

Corporal I). G. Robinson, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 
25, 1802. 

Corporal William P. Welsh, e. June 3, 1862, disc. Septem- 
ber 25, 1862. 

Corporal Andrew Wright, e. June 3, 1862, disc. Septem- 
ber 25, 1862. 

Musician D. E. Wolford, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 
25, 1862. Died at home. 

Amrine, Allison, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Brock. Jackson, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Beishtler, Abraham, e. June 3, 1802, disc. September 25, 
1802. 

Beaver, John, e. June 3, 1802, disc. September 25, 1862. 

B4.ughman, John, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 
1862. 

Beach, William, e. June 3. 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Beaver, Nathaniel, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 
1862. 

Barbour, William J., e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 
1802. 

Burris, Charles, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Croy, Thomas W., e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 
1862. 

Converse, 0. P., e. June 3, 1S02, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Chapman, James, e. .Tune 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Coolidge, Moses, e. June 3, 1802, disc. September i;5, 1862. 

Cole, Jeremiah, e. June ;i, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Dallen, Isaiah, e. .June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Dockum, M., e. June 3, 1802, disc. September 2r<, 1862. 

Filler, William, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Freet, Johu, e. June 3, 1802, disc. September 25, I.S02. 

Graham, Silas, e. June 3, 1802, disc. Septeail>er 25, 1862. 

Gibson, Albert, e. June 3, 1802, disc. September 25, 1802. 

Gilchrest, Austin, o. June 3, 1802, disc. September 25,1802 

Goldrick, William, e. June 3, 1802, disc. September 25, 
1802. 

Hawn, Wesley, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Harper, Seaton, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1S62. 

Heasley, Solomon, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September '^5, 
1862. 

Harbert, W. J., e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Hamm m, W. N., e. June 3, 1802, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Hopkins, L., e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1802. 

Horney, Jethro, e. June 3, 1802, disc. September 25, 1802. 

Hornbeck, J., e. Juuh 3, 1802. disc. September 25, 1802, 

Huifvine, Lewis, a. June 3, 1802. disc. September 23, 1862. 

Jenkins. Isaiah, e. Juri'i 3, 1802, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Jones, Milton e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Kent, Cicero, e. June 3, 1862. disc. September 25, 1862. 

Lumbard, Jesse, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Lockwood, Luther, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 
1862. 

Leeper, Samuel C, e. June 3, 1862, disc. Septembei 25, 
1802. 
I Lamson, Truman, e. June 3, 1802, di?c. September 25, 
I 1862. 

I La May, George, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 
I Marshall, James E, e. June 3, 1802, disc. September 25, 
I 1862. 

McConnaha, Andrew, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 
1862. 
1 Morse, Joseph, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 
1 Nowell, John, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1802. 

Nick, Christian, e. June 3, 1802, disc. September 25, 1802. 

Newlove, Brown, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25,1862. 

Orahood, Reuben, e. June 3, 1802, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Orahood, Hiram, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25,1862. 

Reed, David S., e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Reed, John, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Richmond, John, e. June 3, 1862. Died August 31, 1862, 
at Buckannon, Va. 

Robinson, C. L., e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 

Robinson, Simpson, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 
1862. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



493 



Snider, Henry, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 
Snodgraas, Albert, e. JuneS, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 
Sabine, Charles W., e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 

1862 
Turner, Stephen, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 
Turner, E. M., e. June 3, 1862. disc. September 25, 1862. 
Welsh, J. K. , e. June 3, 1802, disc. September 25, 1862. 
Wilkins, James C, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 

1862. 
Wilber, William, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 
Wood, Michael P., e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 

1862. 
White, Martin L. e. June 3, 1862, disc^ September 25, 

1862. 
Webb, William, e June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 
Welsh, Frank, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 
Webster. L., e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 
Wolford, Chambers, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 

1862. 
Wolford, Marvin, e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 

1862. 
Wood, M. P., e. June 3, 1862, disc. September 25, 1862. 



EIGHTY-.SIXTII OHIO INFANTRY. 
,^ (Six Months' Organization") 

The second organization of this number for 
six months' service was completed in .July, 
1863, under Col. W. C. Lemert, and was com- 
posed chiefly of the members of the old three 
months' Eighty-sixth. It took the field against 
.John ^lorgan, who was then raiding in Ohio. 
The Eighty-sixth was ordered to Zanesville, 
and on its arrival a detachment under Lieut. 
Col. McFarland proceeded to Eagleport, on the 
Muskingum River, to intercept the enemy, but 
arrived just in time to witness the crossing of 
the rear guard of the rebel forces. Not being 
strong enough toattack,the commander could 
only detain the raiders as long as possible by 
skimishing, then return to Zanesville. 

The remainder of the regiment had pro- 
ceeded to Cambridge, expecting to meet Mor- 
gan at that place, but arrived too late. It fol- 
lowed in pursuit, however, and with the com- 
mand of Col. Shackelford, captured the rebel 
forces near Salineville, Columbiana Co., Ohio. 
In August the Eighty-sixth was ordered to 
Kentucky, and having joined the troops under 
Col. John DeCourcy, at Camp Nelson, moved 
into East Tennessee. On the 8th of September, 
the combined forces arrived in front of Cum- 
berland Gap. Col. DeCourcy, in order to ex- 
aggerate the number of his troops, resorted to 
the strategy of dividing each regiment, thus 
making, apparently, two of one. This scheme 
had the desired eifect, and the rebels supposed 
bis forces nearly treble their actual number. 
About this time Maj. Gen. Burnside arrived 
with his command, on the opposite side of the 
Gap, and the enemy was completely surrounded. 
On the 9th, after disposing of the troops to the 
best advantage, in case of resistance, a formal 
summons was sent to the rebel commander for 
a surrender of the place. The demand was as- 
sented to, and the Eighty-sixth then moved 
into the fort and took possession. Two thou- 
sand eight hundred prisoners. 5,000 stands of 
arms, thirteen pieces of artillery and large 
quantities of ammunition, were the fruits of 
this expedition. 

A detachment of the Eighty-sixth, includ- 
ing Company B, conducted the prisoners to 



Lexington, Ky., then returned to the Gap and 
with the regiment remained as a part of the 
garrison until its terra of service expired. Ow- 
ing to the great distance from the base of sup- 
plies, the troops at the garrison were compelled 
to subsist off of the surrounding country much 
of the time. Foraging parties were forced to 
go a great distance in their efiForts to secure a * 
sufficient supply, and encounters with guer- 
rillas were a frequent occurrence. 

On the 16th of January, 1864, the Eighty- 
sixth started for home, and on the 10th of Feb- 
ruary was mustered out at Cleveland, Ohio. 

Company B, of the Eighty-sixth Infantry, 
was raised in Union County, and was mustered 
into the United States service at Camp Chase, 
in July, 1863, with the following commissioned 
officers: 

J. W. Fields, Captain; U. D. Cole, First 
Lieutenant, and Brown Newlove, Second Lieu- 
tenant. 

Six of the members of Company B died 
while in the service, and one was wounded. 

The county was also represented in Compa- 
nies C, H and K, of this regiment. 

COMPANY B. 

Captain James W. Field, e. June 19, 1863, disc. February 
10, 1861. 

First Lieutenant Ulysses D. Cole, e. June 19, 1863, disc. 
February lU, 1864. 

Second Lieutenajit Brown Newlove, e. June 19, 1863, 
disc. February 10, 1864. 

Sergeant 0. P. Converse, e. June 23, 1863, disc. August 
14, 1863. 

Sergeant William S. Filler, e. June 19, 1863, disc. Febru- 
ary 10, 1864. 

Sergeant Joseph Maskill, e. June 22, 1863, disc. February 
10, 1864. 

Sergeant G. W. Snodgrass, e. June 22, 1863, disc. Febru- 
ary 10, 1S64. 

Sergeant James Welsh, e. June 22, 1863, disc. February 
10, 1864. 

Cornoral R. F. Cratty, e. June 22, ,1863, transferred Au- 
gust 4, 1863. 

Corporal Cicero Kent, e. June 28, 1863, disc. February 10, 
1864. 

Corporal J. C. Marshall, e. June 21, 1863, disc. February 
10, 1864. 

Corporal R. M. Miller, e. June 22, 1863, disc. February 
10, 1864. 

Corporal Stephen Pyers, e. June 30, 1863, disc. February 
10, 1864. 

Corporal Albert Smith, e. June 22, 1863, disc. February 
10, 1864. 

Corporal S. T. Turner, e. June 19, 1863, disc. February 10, 
1864. 

Corporal R. L. Woodburn, e. June 26, 1863, disc. Febru- 
ary 10, 1864. 

Corporal William Wilber, e. June 25, 1863, disc. Febru- 
10, 1865. 

Musician William McCampbell, e. June 23, 1863, disc. 
February 10, 1864. 

Musician E. h. Randall, e. July 3, 1863, disc. February 
10, 1864. 

Andrews, Byron, e. June 26, 1863, disc. February 10, 
1864. 

Andrews, Clayton, e. June 26, 1863, disc. February 10, 
1864. 

Beach, William, e. July 3,1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 

Beltz, Lewis, e. July 1, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 

Burrows, L. R., e. July 22, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 

Bidwell, L., e. July 11, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 

Collier, 0., e. July 12, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 

Curry, James A., e. June 26, 1863, died at Crab Orchard, 
Ky., October 2, 1863. 

Cartmell, T. J., e. July 3, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 

Clark, A. M., e. June 20, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 

Cameron, iWilliam, e. June 22, 1863, disc. February 10, 
1864. 

Coolidge, Hiram e. June 23, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 



494 



UNION COUNTY 



Collier, Arthur, e. July 13, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Doolen, Daniel, e. July 3, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Darling, John, e. June24, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Dutten, J. R., o. June 26, 1863, disc February 10, 1864. 
Farohee, John T., e. July 28, 1863, disc. February 10, 

1804. 
Figley, Jonas, e. June 23, 1863, disc. February 10, 18C4. 
Ford, H. C, e. June 25, 1863, dis.-. February 10, 1864. 
Fritz, G. H., e. June 24, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Gill, Andrew, e. July 28, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Gillis. Walter R., e. July 6, 1863, disc. Feberuary 10, 

1864. 
Griffith, T. R., e. June 27, 1803, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Heasley, W. P., e. June 22, 1863, Died at Camp Nelson, 

Ky., December 1,5,1863. 
Hohn, Daniel, e. July 28, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Harper, Seaton, e. June 26, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Hornbeck. A., e. June 22, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Horney, J., e. June 22, 1863. disc. February 10, 1864. 
Hopkins, L. B., e. June 25, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Harris, Philip, e. July 25, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Kahler, Henry, e. July 12, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Ketch, Lewis J., e. June 20, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Killberry, Solomon, e. July 11, 1803, di.sc. February 10, 

1864. 
Keeseker, George W., e. July 11, 1863, disc. February 10, 

1864. 
Lanson, F. H., e. June 23, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Lansdown, R. P., e. July 3, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Loring, E , e. July 3, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Morris, Solomon, e. June 26, 1863, disc. February 10, 

1864. 
Morse, J. P., e. June 22, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Marks. William, e. June 29, 1863, disc. February 10, 1804. 
Moffitt, John, e. June 20, 1863, disc. February 10,1864. 
Marvin, John, e. June 20, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Mathews, Charles, e. June 29, 1863, disc. February 10, 

1864. 
Moore, Samuel, e. June 10, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Moore, Henry, e. July 10, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Mooder, James, e. July 3, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
McNeal, William e. June 20, 1863, disc. February 10, 

1864. 
Mclntire, William, e. June 24, 1863, disc. February 10, 

1864. 
McConaha, A., e. June 20, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Orahood, Hiram, e. Junef22, 1863, wounded at Richmond, 

disc. February 10, 1864. 
Orahood, R., e. July 3, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Powers, William, e. June 23, 1863, disc. February 10, 

1864. 
Reed, Reuben, e. June 29, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Robinson, W. D., e. June 22, 1863, disc. February 10, 

1864. 
Robinson, Imer, e. June 26, 1863, disc. February 10, 

1864. 
Rader, R., e. July 13, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Smith,|I. S., e. June 27, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Smith, Elijah, e. June 20, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Smith, William M., e. June 24, 1863, disc. February 10, 

1864. 
Snider, Henry, e. June 20, 186,3, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Snider, Adam, e. June 22, 1863. disc. February 10, 1864. 
Snider, Ezekiel, e. June 22, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Snider, William, e. June 27. 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Shirk. Jonas, e. June 22, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Shout, Isaiah e. June 22,1863, disc. August 11, 1863. 
Stickney, Joshua, e. August 3, 1863, disc. February 10, 

1864. " 
Stillings, William, e. June 28, 1863, disc. February 10, 

1684. 
Spain, Marshall, e. July 4, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Spain, R. T.. e June 26,1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Shunk, Eli. e. June 4, 1863. disc. August 11,1863. 
Smith, W. M., e. June, 1803, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Sherwood, Amos, e. July 10, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Seeley, Luther, e. July 10, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Turner, Emery, e. June 19, 1863, disf-.. February 10, 1864. 
Taylor, S. R., e. July 4 1863, disc February 10, 1804. 
Wench, Frank, e June 19, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Woodburn, Heber, e. July 28, 1863, disc. February 10, 

1864. 
Welsh, Frank, e June, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Welsh, L. A., e. June, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Webster, Z., e. July 4, 1863 disc. February 10, 1804. 
Webster, L. L., e. June 24, 1863, died at Barboursville, W. 

Va., September 16, 1863. 
Weller, Edward, e. June 29, 1803, disc. August 11, 1863. 
Wilson, L., e. June 24, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Wilson, C. J., e. June 23, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 



Wise, Eli, e June 22, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 
Wise, William, e. June 29, 1863, died at Cumberland Gap^ 

Tenn., January 4, 1864. 
Wood, David, e. June 27, 1863, died at Cumberland Gap, 

Tenn.'- 
Wolford, Marion, e. July 4, 1863, died at Cumberland 

Gap, Tenn. 

COMPANY C. 

Case, Jason, e. June 2, 1863, disc. February 10, 1864. 

COMPANY H. 

Beltz, William, e. July 20,1863, died at Cumberland Gap,. 

Tenn., October .30, 1863. 
Maddox, John, e. June 9, 1863, disc. September, 1863. 

COMPANY K. 

Croy, T. W., e. May, 1863 disc. 1863. 



EIGHTY-SKVENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Eighty-seventh Ohio was organized for 
three months' service. In .Tane,186'2, if. reported 
to -Maj. Gen. Wool, at Baltimore, and in .July 
moved to Harper's Ferry. Itremained at that 
place until the siege by Stonewall .Jackson, 
and although its term of service had expired, 
had the misfortune of being included in the 
surrender of the National forces on that occa- 
sion. 

COMPANY c. 
Bosh, J. D., e. June 4, 1862, taken prisoner at Harper's 

Ferry, Va., 1862, disc. 1862. 
Bosh, W. J., e. June 4, 1862 taken prisoner at Harper's 

Ferry, Va., 1862, disc. 1862. 

COMPANY D. 

Croy, T. W., e. May, 1862, disc. September, 1862. 
EIGHTY-EIGHTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was mustered into the service 
October 27, 1862, under Col. George W. Neff, 
and was immediately placed on duty at Camp 
Chase. 

When the Kirby Smith raid was made on 
Cincinnati, the Eighty-eighth moved to Coving- 
ton. 

A small detachment served in West Virginia 
and Maryland, but was soon brought back to 
operate against John Morgan. In December, 
the regiment resumed its monotonous duty at 
Camp Chase, where itremained until mustered 
out, .July ;^, 1865. This regiment was drilled 
to the highest proticiency and, had it been 
permitted, would, doubtless, have performed 
good service in the field. 

COMPANY B. 

Conklin, H. J., e. January 17, 1865, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Hamilton, T. S., e. October 24, 1864, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Mitchell, George, e. August 15, 1862, disc. July 3, 1865, 
Severns, William, e. 1864, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Welsh, N. C, e. August 14, 1862, disc. July 3, 1865. 

COMPANY D. 

Corporal Isaac Mummy, e. October 1, 1862, disc. August 

Vi, 1864. 
Corporal R. S. Spencer, e. March, 186,3, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Bethard, J. H., e. October 1, 1862, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Curl, William H., e. April 25, 1863, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Fisher, L. D., e. 1862, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Fisher, William, e. October,1862, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Fleck, W. H., e. May 14, 1863, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Fulk, William, e. October 1, 1862, died at Camp Ohase, 

Columbus, Ohio, April 2, 1863. 
Harris, Virgil, e. October 1, 1862, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Hines, Jeremiah, e. October 1, 1862, died at Columbus, 

Ohio, May 19, 1863. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



495 



Haggard, M. R., e. March 17, 1863, disc. July 3, 1863. 
Hedges, Alexander, e. March 18, 1863, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Hedges, John, e. October 1, 1862, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Jackson, James, e. October 1, 1862, disc. March 4, 1865. 
Low, Levi, e. February 27, 1863, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Marshall, S. J , e October 1, 1S62, disc. Dfcember 1, 

1864. 
Molntyre, George W., e. October 1, 1862, died in hospital 

January 22, 1864. 
Richey, J. L., e. March 23, 1863, disc. July 3, 1 865. 
Wise, David B., e. October, 1862, disc. July 3,1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Long, B. M., e. February 26, 1864, disc. July 3, 1865. 

COMPANY F. 

Hamilton, James, e. March 31, 1864, disc. Nuvember 3, 
1865. 

COMPANY G. 

Black, William, e. June 23, 1863, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Johnson, G. W., e. July 18,1863, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Julian, Samuel, e. July 13, 1863, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Ledley, Isaac L., e. June 24, 1863, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Lower, Samuel. 

Sewell, George, e. July 1, 1863. disc. July 3, 1865. 
Taylor, J. B., e. January 25,1863, disc. July 3, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Captain Alexander Anderson, e. July 27, 1863, disc. July 

3, 1865. 
Corporal D. J. Harris, e. July 13, 1863, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Beard, F. L., e. July 22, 1863, disc. July 3, .865. 
Haggard, W. D., e. September 1, 1864, disc. July 3, 1865. 
Hill, William. 
Patrick, Thomas, e. July 13, 1863, disc. April 19, 1865, 

died at Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio. 
Patrick,;David, e. July 13, 1863, disc. July 3, 1865. 
WilliamB, Jesse, e. July 31, 1862, disc. July 3, 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Davis, Jesse, e. September 22. 1864, disc. July 3, 1866. 
Mummy, Peter. 
Marshall, James. 

EIGHTY-NINTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Eighty-ninth Ohio was organized and 
mustered into the service on the 26fh of Au- 
gust, 18(i2. It served in West Virginia until 
the spring of 1863, when it moved to Tennes- 
see to re-enforce Gen. Rosecrans. In Septem- 
ber, the Eighty-ninth, while engaged in the 
battle of Chickamauga, was surrounded and 
captured almost entire by a division of the 
enemy; the officers were sent to Libby Prison 
and the men to Andersonville, where many of 
them died of starvation and exposure. 

The remnant of the regiment under Maj. 
Jolly, participated in the assault upon Mis- 
sion Ridge, and in May, 1864, joined the 
Atlanta campaign, fighting in all the battles, to 
the end. It marched to the sea with Sherman, 
and through the Carolinas on to Washington. 
It was mustered out .June 13, 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Creviston, L., e. August, 1862, disc. 1865. 



NINETIETH OHIO INFANTRY. 

During August. 1862, the organization of 
this regiment was completed and mustered into 
the service under Col. Isaac N. Ross. It re- 
ported, at once, to Gen. Wright, in Kentucky. 
In September it made a torced march from Lex- 
ington to Louisville, suffering intensely. It then 
moved south with Buell's army and partici- 
pated in the battles of Stone River and Chick- 



amauga. It served in Tennessee until May 
1864, when it joined Sherman's advance on 
Atlanta. After the ftill of that city it pursued 
Hood north into Tennessee and took part in 
the battles at Franklin and Nashville; then fol- 
lowed the enemy south to the banks of the 
Tennessee. At the close of the war, it returned 
to Ohio and was mustered out of the service 
June 13, 186-5. 

COMPANY C. 

Creamer, W. M., e. August 4, 1862, disc. 1865, wounded 

at Nashville, Tenn. 
McGill, Edgar. 

COMPANY K. 

Adams, P. C, e. July 26, 1862, disc. June 5, 1865, taken 
prisoner at Cumberland Gap, Tenn., June 18, 1862. 

NINETY-FIRST OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in August, 18(>2. 
It entered the field in Virginia and operated in 
the Kanawha Valley. It joinedHunter's march 
upon Lynchburg ; then moved to Martins- 
burg and served against Early's army in ti>e 
Shenandoah Valley, fighting at Winchester. 
Fisher's Hill and Opequon. The Ninety-tirst 
was mustered out June 24, 1865. 



Halliday, John. 
Philips, John C. 



COMPANY C. 
COMPANY F. 



NINETY-FOURTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in August, 
1865, under Col. Joseph W. Frizell. Without 
uniform or camp equipage and never having 
been drilled as a regiment, the Ninety-fourth 
entered upon active service in Kentucky. In 
the retreat toward Louisville, it suffered severe- 
ly for want of food and water. It took part in 
the battles of Perryville, Stone River, Chicka- 
mauga, Lookout Mountain and Mission Ridge. 
It joined Sherman's movement upon Atlanta, 
fighting in all the battles and skirmishes to 
the end. It participated in the march to the 
sea and through the Carolinas. j^fter the 
grand review at Washington, the Ninety-fourth 
was mustered out of the service on the 6th of 
June, 1865. 



Evans, William. 



COMPANY B. 



COMPANY O. 



Turner, A. S., e. August 5, 1862, disc. June 5, 1865, taken 
prisoner near Bardstown, Ky., 1863. 



NINETY-FIFTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The Ninety-fifth Ohio was organized August 
19, 1862, under Col. William L. McMillen, the 
next day it moved to Lexington, Ky., and 
was soon engaged in the disastrous battle 
at Richmond where the most of the men were 
captured. Having been exchanged in Novem- 
ber, the regiment was re-organized and subject- 
ed to the most rigid drill. In May, 1863, it 
moved to Memphis, then operated with Sher- 
man against Vicksburg. After the fall of that 
city, it again moved to Memphis, and in June. 
1864, joined the expedition into Mississippi 



496 



UNION COUNTY 



under Gen. Sturgis. Later the regiment 
^erved in Missouri and Arkansas. It after- 
ward joined Gen. Thomas' forces and partici- 
pated in the battle of Nashville. It performed 
its part, in the pursuit of Hood, then joined 
Canby at Mobile. The Ninety-fifth was 
mustered out August 19, 1865. 

COMPANY D. 

Corporal J. P. Hudson , e. August 9, 1862, disc. March 14, 

1864. 
Hume, J. P., e. August 9, 1862, dis". 1862. 

COMPANY F. 

Uaicus, H., e. August 7, 1862, disc, February 1, 1863. 
Kitter, S. M., e. August 18,1862, disc. August 14, 1865. 

Wounded at Richmond, Ky., August 30, 1862. 
Wilcox, George C e. August 15, 1862, disc. August 14, 

1865. Wounded May 15, 1863. 

COMPANY O. 

Burnhani, L., e. August 8, 1862, died July 22, 1863, at 

Vicksburg, Miss. 
Dee, James, e. August 3,1862. 
Ellis. D. W., e. May, 1862, disc. June. 1865. 
Mitchell, B., e. May 7, 1862, died February 18, 1865. 

in hospital at Nashville, Tenn. 
:\lcUlung. William, e. Augusts, 1862, disc. July, 1865. 
Spreese, G. W., e. .■Vugust 3, 1862, disc! August 14, 1865. 
Smith, Willard, e. August 3, 1862, disc. November 24 

1863. 
Smith, D. W.. e. August 3, 1862, killed at Richmond, 

Ky., August 30, 1862. 

COMPAJJY K. 

Allen, B. F., e. .\ugust 11,1862, disc. August 14,1865. 
Allen, Calvin, e August 11, 1862, disc. Feduary 2, 1863. 
Beard, S. B., e. August 11, 1862, died Jane 17, 1864, in 

hospital at Mempiiis, Tenn. 
Myers, Jacob, e. August 11, 1862, disc. August 14,1865. 

Taken prisoner at Adairsville, Ga., June 10, 1864. 
Pyers, J. Wounded. 
Webster, Royal. Died at home. 

NINETY-SIXTH OHIO VOLir.NTEER INFAJJTRY. 

The Ninety-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry 
was raised in the Eighth Congressional District, 
comprising the counties of Union, Delaware, 
Knox, Morrow. Marion and Logan; and, em- 
bracing representatives from various avocations 
of life, embodied as noble and intelligent a 
body of men as were mustered into the service 
of their country. 

The regiment was organized at Camp Dela- 
ware August 29, IStJ'i, numbering 1,014 men, 
rank and file. Its principal officers had seen 
service, and were well qualified for their re- 
spective positions. The field officers were Jo- 
seph W. Yance, Colonel, of Mt. Vernon ; A. H. 
Brown Lieutenant Colonel, of Marion ; Charles 
H. McElroy, Major, of Delaware; D. W. Hen- 
derson, Surgeon, of Marysville. 

On the 1st of September, 1862, the regiment 
left Camp Delaware, by way of Columbus, for 
Cincinnati, and, arriving in that city the 
same evening, crossed the Ohio River and 
quartered in the streets of Covington for the 
night ; remaining there a week, sleeping at 
night upon tbe streets, and were fed by the 
loyal citizens of the place. On the 8th of Sep- 
tember, went into camp three miles back of 
Newport, Ky., and occupied the advance on 
that part of our line during the threatened at- 
tack of Kirby Smith upon Covington, Newport 
and Cincinnati. 



On the 8th of October, the regiment in the 
brigade of Gen. Burbridge, A. J. Smith com- 
manding the division of the Thirteenth Army 
Corps, marched to Falmouth, thence to Cyn- 
thiana, Paris, Lexington and Nicholasville. At 
the latter place they remained in camp two or 
three weeks ; thence marched to Louisville, 
where they remained in the mud on the Ohio 
River for a few days, thea embarked for 
Memphis, Tenn., on the I9th of November, 
where they were encamped about a month. 
While there they were reviewed by Gen. Sher- 
man and ordered to embark on the steamei- 
Hiawatha and proceed down the river witli 
the forces under his command, the objective 
point being Vicksburg, Miss. The men were 
blissfully ignorant of the severe service await- 
ing them, but were soon brought to a realiza 
tion of circumstances that every p^irticipant 
must look back to with horror. The whole 
regiment and its outfit of wagons, teams, etc.. 
together with the Seventeenth Ohio Battery, 
with its guns, horses and mules, were packed 
on this small craft. Nearly every member of 
the battery was sick with the measles. The 
horses and nuiles were placed on deck, their 
heads lied on either side, forming between 
them a narrow aisle. Only partial rations of 
hard bread and roasted colfee could be had, 
the only resort being flour and green cotiee, 
wJiich required cooking and roasting. It may 
have been a necessity, but certainly it was a 
bitter fatality. The only facility for evoking 
was a small stove on tlie after deck, to reach 
which it was necessary lo run the gauntlet of 
two hundred pairs of treacherous heels and 
the filth of such a stable. First, the coffee and 
the meat were cooked and eaten with hard 
bretd, but the supply of the latter was soon 
exhausted and the men were forced to mi.\ 
flour with water and bake it on the same stove 
With the best eff"ort possible, it was often U 
o'clock before all had their breakfast with the 
half-cooked material. As if this were not all 
that flesh and blood could endure, cold rain 
continually drenched all who were not under 
cover, and for want of room many were forced 
to remain on the hurricane deck, famisheil 
with hunger and tortured with sleeplessness. 

All day and all night the little stove was oc- 
cupied by men preparing the unhealthy rations, 
that, while they saved from immediate starva- 
tion, were not slow, in connection with other 
causes, in developing diseases that were equally 
fatal to those %vho were exposed and those who 
were packed close in the ill-ventilated and 
over-crowded appartments. 

Everywhere were sunken eyes, thin cheeks 
and tottering steps. Surgeon Henderson, with 
his assistants, labored incessantly to check 
disease and relieve the sutferings of the men. 
but typhoid, measles and erysipelas were mas- 
ters, everything seemingly rendering them 
aid. Death did a frightful work. 

On its way the regiment disembarked at 
Milliken's Bend on the 20th and made a forced 
march to Dallas Station, La., on the Vicksburg, 



MILITARY RECORD. 



499 



S. & T. Railroad, a distance of twenty-eight 
miles, over a narrow road cut through a dense 
cypress forest, over stretches of corduroy and [ 
thick intervening mud of the low marshes, 
burning depots and warehouses, destroying a 
large amount of railroad property, tearing up 
the track for miles, returning the following day i 
in a pelting storm of cold rain, having marched 
fifty-six miles in less than forty hours. After 
privations on the boat, this work was terribly , 
painful and disastrous. 

The regiment was taken <>n down the river i 
to the Yazoo (the River of Death), and up that 
river to Johnson's Landing; there disem- : 
barked and marched to Chickasaw Bluffs and 
participated in the first attack on Vicksburg, 
where the Union forces were defeated. Then 1 
proceeding to Arkansas Post, they took an 
active part in the assault upon the works, 
capturing 7,000 prisoners, losing ten killed and 
twenty-six wounded. After this engagement, 
it at once accompanied the army under Grant 
in the flank movement to the rear of Vicksburg 
and took part in the siege until the surrender, 
.July 4, 1863. Then it marched on to .Jackson, 
taking part in the siege until its evacuation on 
the 17th of July, thence back to Vicksburg and 
from there by steamer to CarroUton, La. From 
that point it made several expeditions and 
scouts. It was next engaged in what was 
called the Teche campaign, and participated 
in the battle of Grand Coteau on the 3d of No- 
vember. This was a desperate fight against 
overwhelming numbers, the regiment losing 
110 men killed, wounded and missing. 

In December, the regiment was ordered to 
Texas, where it operated against Dick Taylor's 
forces until March, 1864. then returning to 
Brashear City, La., entered upon the Red River 
campaign under Gen. Banks. On the 8th of 
April, were engaged in the battle of Sabine 
Cro-s Roads, losing fifty-six men killed, 
wounded and missing ; among the former were 
the gallant Col. Vance and Capt. Coulter; 
among the latter was Capt. Evans, who re- 
turned to his command after an absence of ten 
months in rebel prisons. Then followed the 
engagements of Peach Orchard Grove, Pleasant 
Hill and Cane River. 

On the 1st of August the regiment with the 
Thirteenth Corps embarked for Dauphine 
Island, in the rear of Fort Gaines, and were the 
first troops to land in rear of that fort, and par- 
ticipated in the siege till the surrender of the 
fort on the 8th with 1,000 prisoners. Then pro- 
ceeded on board gunboat to the rear of Fort Mor- 
gan and participated in the siege of that fort 
until its surrender on the 22d. On the 1st of 
September, the regiment returned to Louisiana, 
and in November proceeded to the mouth of 
White River, in Arkansas. The regiment was 
so reduced in numbersby continue i losses that 
a consolidation became necessary, and was 
effected by special order on the 18th of No- 
vember. At the request of the officers, and as 
a special honor to the regiment, it was not 
united with any other organization, but was 



consolidated into four companies, receiving 
one company from the Forty-second Ohio Vol- 
unteer Infantry, whose term of service had not 
expired with that of their regiment, making a 
batatlion of five companies called the Ninety- 
sixth Battalion, Lieut. Col. A. H. Brown com- 
manding. Company B, of Knox, E, of Marion, 
and K, of Union, were consolidated, making 
Company C, commannded by Capt. Evans. The 
battalion continued to operate in Arkansas 
until February, 1865, whence it removed to 
the rear of Fort Spanish, the key of Mobile, 
Ala., participating in the siege of that fort, 
which resulted in its capture ou the 8th of April. 
A few minutes after the surrender, the regi- 
ment was marching to the assistance of Gen. 
Steele, who had for some days been investing 
Fort Blakely, fifteen miles north of Spanish 
Fort. Upon the arrival of Gen. Granger's 
corps on the field, Gen. Steele's troops stormed 
the fort, capturing 5,000 prisoners. This is 
said to be the last battle of the war. The bat- 
talion then proceeded on the 11th to Stark's 
Landing, and took passage on the morning of 
the 12th in company with a fleet of gunboats, 
across the bay for the city of Mobile. A land- 
ing of the infantry was effected below the 
rebel stronghold and marched toward it, the 
gunboats sending shells of warning that we 
were upon them. The reason of no response 
soon appeared in the form of a white flag. 
After the surrender of Mobile, the battalion 
joined an expedition to Nannahubbah Bluff, on 
the Tombigbee River, and also Mcintosh Blufl's. 
The last volley fired by the Ninety-sixth was 
on the r2th day of April, at Whistler Station, 
seven miles above Mobile, in a lively skirmish 
with Dick Taylor's retreating forces. The 
regiment returned to Mobile on the 9th of May, 
where it remained until mustered out, July 7, 
1865, excepting forty men, whose term of serv- 
ice had not expired, and who were transferred 
to the Seventy-seventh Battalion, Ohio Veteran 
Volunteer Infantry, and served as a detach- 
ment in that battalion until March, 18(j6. 

The Ninety-sixth, from the time of entering 
the field until the close of the war, was on 
continuously active and most of the time hard 
service. It embarked at Mobile for Camp 
Chase, by way of New Orleans, arriving at 
Columbus the 29th day of July, where they 
were paid off and disbanded, at which time 
they numbered 427 men, including one com- 
pany from the For/y-second Ohio. The regi- 
ment marched 1,683 miles, and was transported 
by boat 7,686 miles, by railroad 517 miles, 
making a total of 9,886 miles. 

Company K of this regiment was recruited 
in Union County, and was mustered into the 
service with H. C. Hamilton, Captain ; J. C. 
Cline, First Lieutenant ; Thomas L. Evans, 
Second Lieutenant ; M. G. Mains, First Ser- 
geant. This company left Marysville with 
113 men; eleven were rejected by Surgeon 
Henderson, who having had large experience 
in the Mexican war knew that it required 
j sound men to endure the hardships of war. 



500 



UNION COUNTY 



hence the rigid examination. Thirteen men 
were recruited for this company in the fell 
of 1863 and winter of 1864 by Sergt. Lig- 
gett, making a total mustered into this com- 
pany from Union County of 115. Union 
County was also represented in several other 
companies of this regimant. Of tlie whole 
number of Company K, forty-three died on the 
battle-field and in hospitals ; ten were wounded 
and six were prisoners. Thirty-three of the 
original number were mustered out at Camp 
Chase in 1865. 

Capt. Hamilton resigned his commission on 
account of disability, August 9, 1863 ; Lieut. 
Cline was promoted to Captain, and resigned his 
commission March 18. 1864 ; Lieut. Evans was 
promoted to First Lieutenant .January 22, 1864, 
was commissioned Captain in April, 1864, was 
taken prisoner at the battle of Sabine Cross 
Roads, April 8, and was not mustered until his 
release. First Sergf.. M. G. Mains was dis- ^ 
charged for disability and David Edwards was j 
promoted to First Sergeant, and discharged on 
account of disability February 20, 1863. W. i 
H. Turner was promoted to First Sergeant 
March 9, 1863, and died soon afterward. R. 
A. Liggett was promoted First Sergeant Sep- 
tember 1, 1863. 

Surgeon D. W. Henderson, e. August 2, 1862, resigned 
April 2, 1863. 

COMPANY K. I 

Captain H. C. Hamilton, e. July 21, 1862, resigned August I 
9, 1863. 

First Lieutenant J. C. Cline, e. August 6, 1862, resigned ! 
March 18, 1864. Promoted to Captain of Company C i 
March 26, 1863, wounded November 3, 1863, in battle of 
Grand Coteau, La. 

Second Lieutenant Thomas L. Evans, e. August 1), 1862, 
discharged .luly 7, 1865, promoted to First Lieutenant 
March 26, 1863, taken prisoner at Sahine Cross Roads 
April 8, 1864, promoted to Captain July 13, 1864. j 

First Sergeant M. G. Maines, e. July 21, 1862, disc, for 
disability March 9, 1863. ; 

Second Sergeant William Laughead, e. August 6, 1862, ; 
died of fever in hospital at Nicholasville, Ky., Novem- 
ber 28, 1862. 

Third Sergeant A. J. Smith, e. August 6, 1862, disc. No- 
vember 18, 1864, died at home since the war. 

Fourth Sergeant Jacob Painter, e. August 6, 1862, disc. 
November 18, 1864. 

Fifth Sf-rgeant Levi Hill, e. August 4, 1862, disc. July 7, 
7, 1865. Wounded November 3, 1863, at Grand Coteau, 
La., and taken prisoner. 

Corporal G. Mitchell, e. July 28, 1862, disc. July 7, 
1865. 

Corporal George Butler, e. Angust 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 
1865. I 

Corporal M. W. Judy, e. August 6, 1862, disc. March 24, 
1863. 

Corporal John T. Blake, e. August 6, 1862, died April 5, 
1863, at Milliken's Bend, La. 

Corporal D. Edwards, e. August 6, 1862, disc. February 20 
1863. Promoted to First Sergeant. 

Corporal H. Shenneman, e. August 6, 1862, died Novem- 
ber, 1864. 

Corporal J. F. Shearer, e. August 5, 1862, died February 
9, 1866. 

Corporal Abraham Cobb, e. July 28, 1862, promoted to 
Sergeant March 1, 1863, killed in battle at Grand Co- 
te. u, November 3, 1863 

Corporal William Smith, e. August 6, 1862, disc. April 
14, 1863. 

Armstrong, Wellington, e. December 30, 1863, transferred 
to Seventy -seventh Ohio Veteran Volunteer Infantry 
Battalion July 7, 1865. Died since the war. 

Barnes, Isaac H., e. August 2, 1862, disc. July 11, 1865. 

Barnes, John W., e. July 28, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Blue, S iuiuel, e. Aug. 6, 1862, died at Vicksburg February 
11, 1863. 



Blue, Wilson, e. August 6, 1862, died at Deer Island, 
M-iss., January 13, 1863. 

Beem, S. G., e. July 22, 1862, wounded at Arkansas Post, 
January 11, 1863, died of wounds January 17, on board 
01 hospital steamer. 

Belts, Lewis, e. August 6. 1862, disc. March 16, 1863. 

Belts. Frederick e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Bowie, R. H , e. August 6, 1862, died at St". Louis, Mo., 
March 1, 1863. 

Bowie, B. C , e. August 6, 1862, disc. February 16, 1863. 

Boyles, William e. July 26, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865, 
wounded November 3, 1863, in battle of Grand Coteau, 
La., died at Soldiers' Home since the war. 

Brown, George J., e. August 6, 1862. Promoted to Ser- 
geant December 25, 1862. Died at Cincinnati, June 
22, 1863. 

Burroughs, J. N., e August 4. 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Culver, Joseph, e August 6. 1862, died at Vicksburg, Miss., 
January 27, 1863. 

Clark, Reuben, e. August 6, 1862, died June 9. 1863. 

Carter, Jo.-^eph, e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7. 1865. 

Coolridge, Aaron, e. August 6. 1862. promoted to Corporal 
March 1, died on hospital boat at Nashville April 12, 
1863. 

Croy, David B., e. August 6, 1862, died in hospital at St. 
Louis, Mo., January 30, 1863. 

Cole, Thompson 0.,e. February 29, 1864, disc. March 8, 
1866. Transferred to Seventy-seventh Ohio Volunteer 
Infantry Battalion July 7, 1865. 

Dobbins, Elisha, e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865, 
promote<i to Sergeant November 4, 1864, died since the 
war. 

Elliott, John B , e. August 4, 1862, died at Jefferson Bar- 
racks, February 16, 1863. 

Eaton E. E. e. August 4, 1862, died at Greenville, near 
Vicksburg, Miss., February 23, 1863. ' 

Epps, John W , e. August 6, 1862, died at Vicksburg, 
Miss., July 10, 1863. 

Epps, William, e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Finley, K. D., e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Finley, Joseph, e. August 6. 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Gibson, N. e. August 2, 1862, died of wounds received at 
Sabine Cross Roads April 16, 1864. 

Gosnell, J. N., e. August 6, 1862, disc. December 6, 1864, 
severely wounded April 8, 1864, at Sabine Cross Roads. 

Gowans, A. D., e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Gladhill, Mordecai, e. August 6, 1862. disc. July 7, 1865, 
taken pri.-^oner at Grand Coteau, La., November 3, 1863. 

Griffin. M N , e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Green, W. J., e. February 23, 1864, drowned in Mississippi 
River, at New Orleans, July 23, 1864. 

Hommans, Josejih A, e. Augusts, 1862, died at Memphis, 
Tenn., March 16, 1863. 

Hommans, Ira, e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865, taken 
prisoner at Grand Coteau, La., November 3, 1863. 

Hossman, W. T., e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Hobert, Leandcr, e. February 29, 1864, disc. March 8, 1866, 
transferred to Seventy-seventh Obio Veteran Volunteer 
Infantry Battalion July 7, 1865, died since war. 

Hobert L. D, e. February 15, 1S64, d'sc, March 8, 1866, 
transferred to Seven ty-seveuth Ohio Veteran Volunteer 
Battalion, July 7, 1865. 

Johnson, Robert, e. August 6, 1862, died at Soldiers' Home, 

August 8 1863. 

Johnson, S. L., e. August 6, 1862, disc. December 30, 
1864, transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 

Kightlinger. Ashley, e. August 6, 1862 disc. July 7, 1865, 
wounded ac Vicksburg. Miss., May 18. 1863, taken pris- 
oner at Grand Coteau November 3, 1863. 

Kightlinger, William, e. August 6, 1862,disc. July 7,1865. 

Kinney, Charles H., e August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Kent, William, e. August 6, 1862, disc. December 24, 
1862. 

Kline, F. M , e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Leritz, J. S , e. August 6, 1862, died near Vicksburg, Miss., 
January 27, 1863. 

Lentz, B.; e. August 6, 1862, <lisc. July 7, 1865. 

Liggett, R. A , e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865, pro- 
moted to First Sergeant September I, 1863. 

Liggett, W. M., e. February 29, 1864. disc. March 8, 
1866, transferred to Seventy-seventh Ohio Veteran Vol- 
unteer Infantry Battnlion July 7, 1865, promoted to 
Sergeant July 17, 1865. 

Liggett, Alfred P., e. February 11, 1864, died at home 
while in the service, September 15, 1864. 

Matthews, William, e. August 6, 1862, disc. May 30, 1865, 
taken prisoner at Sabine Cross Roads April 8, 1864, 
wounded at Grand Coteau, La., November 3, 1863. 

McNeal, Daniel, e. August 6,1862,di8c. July 7, 1865, taken 
prisoner at Graud Coteau, November 3, 1863. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



oOl 



\ 



Marks, John G., e. August 4, 1862, died in hospital at Co- 
lumbus, 1864. 

Moore, Simon, e. August, 6, 1862, died near Vicksburg, 
January 13, 1863. 

Martin, James, e. August 6, 1862, died at Smith's planta- 
tion, below Vicksburg, April 27, 1864. 

Mart in, John, e. August 6, 1862, died at Lexington, 
Ky., June 8, 1863. 

McCampbrtl, James L., e. August 4, 1862, disc. June 4, 
1863. 

McCreary, B. F., e. August 6, 1862, died on board the 
hospital steamer J. C. Snow, January 27, 1863. 

McKey, John, e. August 4, 1862, transferred to Veteran 
Keserve Corps. 

Mclntire, David, e. August 4, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

McAdams, H. P., e. August 6, 1862, disc July 7, 1865. 

Mclmire, George, e. August 22. 1864, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Morford, John W., e. August 4, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Mitchell, i;. W., e. August 1, 1862, died at St. Louis, Feb- 
ruary 11, 1863. 

McGill, E. G., e. February 13, 1864, disc. March 8, 1866, 
transferred to Seventy-seventh Ohio Veteran Volunteer 
Infantry Battalion July 7, 186i. 

Nonnemaker, Jacob, e. August 4, 1862, died on board hos- 
pital steamer near Vicksburg, January 20, 1863. 

Nash, S. M., e. August 6, 1862, died on board hospital 
steamer Louisiana, January 22, 1863. 

Perry, Jesse, e. Auguht 4, 1862, died on board the Hia- 
watha, January 9, 186 i. 

Ruehlen. G. W., e. August 6, 1862, died at^Baton Rouge 
October 4, 1864. 

Reed, T., e. August 6, 1862, died in the service February 
24, 1863. 

Reed, Lewis J.,e. August 6, 1862, died at Ballard's Farm, 
February 2, 1863. 

Stevenson, Jackson, e. August 5, 1862, difd March 20,1863. 

Spain, Enoch, e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Spain, William D., e. August 6, 1862, died February 21, 
1863 on board hosiiital steamer, the Louisiana. 

Spain, P , e. October 21, 1863, disc July 7, 1865. 

Sterling, William, e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1885. 

Smith, George B., e. August 6, 1862, disc. October 27, 1864. 

Stuberts, B. T., e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865 

Stone, Alvin,e February 29,1864, died at Memphis, Tenn., 
March 27, 1864. 

Shirk, B., e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. Died since 
service. 

Tucker, J..hn M., e. August 6, 1862, disc. August 18, 
1863. Promoted to sergeant; discharged for disability. 

Turner, A. U., e. August 4, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Turner, I., e. August 6, 1862, disc. July 27, 1863. Dis- 
charged for disability. 

Turner, Atberry, e. August 4, 1862, killed in action at 
Jackson. Miss., July 10, 1863. 

Turner, W. H., e. August 6, 1862, promoted to first ser- 
geant March 9,1863. Supposed to have died on hospital 
boat Nashville. 

Tanner, J. H , e. August 6, 1862, promoted to corporal 
March 1, 1863. Taken prisoner at Sabine Cross Roads, 
April 8,1864. 

Wheeler, Thomas A., e. August 4,1862, disc. February 17, 
1863. Discharged for disability. 

Wilber, James, e. August 6, 1862, died at Vicksburg, 
Miss., February 1, 1863. 

Webster, A., e. August 5, 18G2, disc. August 25, 1863. 
Discharged for disability. 

Williams, James, e. August 6, 1862, disc. August 18, 1863. 
Discharged for disability. 

Westlake, S. R., e. August 6, 1862, died at Lexington, 
February 14, 1863. 

Wells, David, e. August 5, 1862, died in service, April 26 
1863. 

Walke. William, e. August 6,1862. Transferred to Vete- 
ran Reserve Corps. 

Webb, Matthew, e. February 12,1864, disc. March 8,1866. 
Transferred to Seventy-seventh Ohio Veteran Volun- 
teer Infantry Battalion July 7, 1865. 

Webb, Samuel, e. February 20,1864. Transferred to Vet- 
eran Reserve Corps, June 19, 1864. 

Woodburn, David H., e. February 29, 1864, disc. March 
8, 1866. Transferred to Seventy-seventh Ohio Veteran 
Volunteer Infantry Battalion, July 7, 1865. Died at 
home. 

Young, Thomas, e. August 6, 1862, died at Memphis, 
Tenn., January 22, 1863. 

COMPANY F. 

Jones, William W., e. July 31, 1862, disc. December 10, 
1863. Wounded at Arkansas Post, January 11, 1863. 



Miller, James A., e. August 6, 1862, disc. June 1, 1865. 

Wounded at the battle of Grand Coteau. 
Sheets, W. H., e. August 1, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 
Trickey, Christopher, e. August 6, 1862, died at Bowling 

Green, Ky. 
Williams, William H., e. August 7, 1862, disc. July 7, 

1865. Taken prisonor at Grand Coteau. 

COMPANY G. 

Hall, Watson A., e. August 8, 1862, transferred to Invalid 

Corps. 
Jenkins, E., e. August 8, 1862, disc. June 30, 1863. 

Died in hospital at St. Louis. 

COMPANY A. 

Green, William, e. August 8, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 
Porter, William, e. August 1, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. 
Sprague, B., e. August 19, 1862, disc. July 7, 1865. Taken 
prisoner at Grand Coteau. 



NINETY-SEVENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was mustei'ed into tlie service 
in September, 1862, under Col. John Q. Lane. 
It moved into Kentucky and was brigaded with 
Gen. Buell's army, then in pursuit of Bragg's 
rebel forces. 

The Ninety-seventli was actively engaged in 
the battles of Perryville, Lavergne, Stone 
River, Chattanooga, Mission Ridge, Charleston, 
Rocky Face, Resaca, Adairsville, Dallas, Kene- 
saw ^lountain, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, 
Jonesboro, Lovejoy's Station, Spring Hill, 
Franklin and Nashville. It was mustered out 
on the 12th day of June, 1865, having lost on 
the hattle-tields 113 officers and men killed 
and 560 wounded. 

COMPANY G. 

Wagoner Henry Baker, e. August 5, 1862, disc. January. 
10, 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Carter, S., e. August 11, 1862, disc. December 12, 1862 
Redman, Jesse, e. August 11, 1862, disc. October, 1863. 



NINETY-EIGHTH OHIO INF.\.NTRY. 

The Ninety-eighth Ohio was organized Au- 
gust 22, 1862. under Col. George H. Webster. It 
entered the field in Kentucky and operated 
against Kirby Smith. It took a prominent part 
in the battle of Perryville; served under Gen. 
Rosecrans in Tennes.see; then fought atChicka- 
mauga. It joined Sherman's forces at Mission 
Ridge and soon after moved to the relief of 
Knoxville. During the Atlanta campaign, it, 
participated in the engagements at Buzzard's 
Roost, Resaca, Rome, Dallas, Kenesaw, Peach 
Tree Creek and Jonesboro. The Ninety-eighth 
chased the enemy across the Tennessee, then 
marched to the sea and through the Carolinas. 
After the review at Washington, it was muster- 
ed out Junes, 1865. 

COMPANY D. 

Corporal T. B. Arnold, e. August 2, 1862, disc. June 2 >, 
1865. 

COMPANY E. 

McMannis, William, e. August 16, 1862, disc. April 2, 1863. 
NINETY-NINTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in August, 
1862, under Col. Albert Longworthy. It pro- 
ceeded to Kentucky and assisted in the defense 



602 



UNION COUNTY 



of Louisville, followed Bragg' s retreating forces 
southward, then moved against Morgan. It 
was afterward engaged in the battles of Stone 
River, Cliickamauga, Lookout Mountain and 
Mission Ridge, and during the Atlanta cam- 
paign participated in the engagements at Rocky 
Face Ridge, Kenesaw Mountain, Pine Mount- 
ain, Atlanta, Jonesboro and Lovejoy. 

The Ninety-ninth joined Thomas at Nashville 
and took an active part in the battle at that 
place. It pursued Hood as far as Columbia, 
where it was consolidated with the Fiftieth 
Ohio, and the Ninety-ninth ceased to be an or- 
ganization. 

COMPANY B. 

Tonguet, Ephraim. 
Tonguet, L. 

COMPANY D. 

Sergeant J. T. McVey, e. August 11, 1862, disc. 1865. 



ONE HUNDRED AND SECOND OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized August 18, 
1862, under Col. William Given. It operated 
in Kentucky and Tennessee until September, 
18G4, when it moved to the relief of Athens. 
That fort having been cowardly surrendered, 
the One Hundred and Second was surrounded 
•by an overwhelming force, many of the men 
killed and wounded and the remainder capt- 
aared. The officers were taken to Selma and 
the men to Cahawba, Ala.; when paroled they 
were placed on board the ill-fated steamer 
Sultan, and eighty-one of the regiment were 
lost by the disaster to that boat. 

It was mustered out at Nashville, Tenn., 
June 30, 1865. 



Surg, A. J. Irwin. 



COMPANY c. 



Holland, George W., e. August 7, 1862, disc. January 13, 
J863. 



•'ONE HUNDRED AND FOURTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized August 30, 
"1862, under, Col. James W. Reiley, and in 
September moved into Kentucky and operated 
against Kirby Smith and John Morgan until 
.September, 1863, when it proceeded to Knox- 
'ville and Cumberland Gap. It took part in 
the siege of Knoxville and was engaged in the 
fighting at Ilolston River and Blain's Cross 
Roads. 

In April, 1864, it joined the Atlanta cam- 
paign and participated in all the general en- 
gagements. In October it moved north with 
Thomas and took part in the operations against 
Hood. At Franklin the regiment lost sixty 
killed and wounded and after the battle 
marched to Nashville carrying with it eleven 
battle flags captured from the enemy by the 
Union army. After the engagement at Nash- 
ville it pursued the enemy as far as Clifion, 
Tenn., and in February, 1865, proceeded to 
North Carolina, where it served until mus- 
tered out on the 17th of June, at Greensboro. 



COMPANY I. 



James, W. H. 



ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The One Hundred and Sevnth Ohio was 
organized August 25, 1862, under ("ol. Sera- 
phim Meyer. It was engaged in the battles of 
Chancellorsville and Gettysburg, then followed 
in pursuit of Lee across the Potomac. It 
operated in South Carolina and Florida until 
the close of the war, when it was mustered 
out July 10, 1865. 

COMPANY D. 
Woods, W. T. 

COMPANY F. 

McNier, EU, e. August 22, 1862, disc. January 30, 1863. 

COMPANY I. 

Qessler, John, e. August 22, 1SG2, disc. 1865. 



ONE HUNDRED AND TENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized October 3, 
1862, under Col. J. Warren Keifer. It oper- 
ated against Lee at Kernstown ; was with 
Grant in the Wilderness and about Richmond, 
and with Sheridan at Winchester and Fisher's 
Hill. It took part in the assault upon Peters- 
burg and in the pursuit of Lee. The One 
Hundred and Tenth was in twenty-one en- 
gagements, and lost 795 men. It was mustered 
out at Washington City, June 25, 1865. 

Surg. T. C. Owen. 



ONE HUNDRED AND ELEVENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in August, 
1862, under Col. John R. Bond. It entered 
the field in September, and operated against 
Kirby Smith and John Morgan in Kentucky. 
It passed through the siege of Knoxville, tak- 
ing part in the engagements at Blain's Cross 
Roads, Danville and Strawberry Plains. In 
May, 1864, the regiment joined the Atlanta 
campaign, and was engaged in the battles of 
Buzzard Roost, Rocky Face Mountain, Ilesaca, 
Kenesaw, Pine INIountain, Lost Mountain, Dal- 
las, on the Chattahoochie River, near Nicojack 
Creek, Decatur, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta Rnd 
LoVejoy. It started on this campaign with 
380 men, and of this number lost in killed and 
wounded, 212. It participated in the fighting 
at Franklin Turnpike and at Nashville ; fol- 
lowed in pursuit of Hood, then moved into 
North Carolina, where it remained until mus- 
tered out July 12, 1865. 

Surg. David Silver," died at Chattanooga. 



ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTEENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized at Camp Chase 
in August, 1862, under Col. James A. Wilcox. 
In December, it moved to Kentucky, thence to 
Tennessee, and in September, 1863, bore a dis- 
tinguished part in the battle of Chickamauga, 
losing 138 officers and men of the 382 en- 
gaged. In December, 1863, the regiment 
marched to the relief of Knoxville, and in the 
spring of 1864 joined Sherman's Atlanta cam- 
paign, and participated in the engagements at 



MILITARY RECORD. 



508 



Buzzard's Gap, Resaca, Rome, Dallas, New 
Hope Church, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree 
Creek and Atlanta. 

It marched to the sea, then through the Caro- 
linas, taking part in the last battle of the war 
at Bentonville. After the surrender of John- 
ston, the One Hundred and Thirteenth moved 
to Washington and took part in the grand re- 
view, then proceeded to Louisville, Ky., where 
it was mustered out on the 6th of July, 1865. 

COMPANY D. 

Corp. Elias Thomas, e. August 30, 1S62, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Flaharda, G. W., e. August 22, 1862, disc. June 28, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Sergt. F. M. McAdams, e. August 15, 1862, disc. June 28, 
1866. 

COMPANY F. 

Corp. E. D. Horton, e. August 20, 1862, wounde-i at Chick- 

amauga, Ga., September 20, 1863, disc. 1864. 
Corp. Benjamin Norris, e. August 2, 1862, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Freeman, T. P., e. August 15, 1862, wounded at Chicka- 

mauga, Ga., September 20, 1863. in arms, disc. April 25, 

1864. 

COMPANY O. 

Trimble, Abraham, e. December 2, 1863, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Young, Daniel, e. January, 1861, disc. June 28, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Andrews, Lewis, e. August 6, 1862, disc. June 28, 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Nash, A. L., e. December 19, 1863, disc. June 9, 1865. 



ONE HUNDRED AND FOURTEENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized September 11, 
1862, under Col. John Cradlebaugh, and on the 
1st of December was ordered to Memphis to 
join Sherman's expedition against Vicksburg. 
It participated in the assault upon Chickasaw 
Bayou, and in January, 1863, moved against 
Arkansas Post. In April, 1863, the regiment 
joined Grant's movements against Vicksburg, 
and engaged the enemy at Thompson's Hill, 
Champion Hill, Big Black Bridge and the siege 
of Vicksburg. After the surrender, it operated 
in Louisiana and Texas until January, 1865, 
when it moved to Florida, but soon returned 
to Texas, and from there proceeded to Colum- 
bus, Ohio, and was mustered out in July, 1865. 



Robinson, William. 



COMPANY A. 



ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTEENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The One Hundred and Fifteenth was or- 
ganized in August, 1861, under Col. J. A. Lucy, 
and reported to Gen. Wright at Cincinnati in 
October. Here the regiment was divided, tive 
companies proceeding to Camp Chase to per- 
form guard duty. In the fall of 1863, a part 
of the regiment was mounted and operated in 
Tennessee, the remainder occupying block- 
houses along the railroad. When Hood ad- 
vanced on Nashville, Companies C, F and G 
were captured and afterward paroled. They 
took passage on the ill-fated steamer Sultana, 



where eighty-three men were lost. The One 
Hundred and Fifteenth remained on garrison 
duty until mustered out, June 23, 1865. 

Chaplain William G. March, e. Dectmber 1, 1863, disc. 
October 28, 1864. 

ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTEENTH OHIO INFj^NTEY. 

This regiment was organized during the fall 
of 1862, under Col. James Washburn. It 
operated in West Virginia until the spring of 
1863, when it moved east to Winchester. It 
served under Sigel in the Shenandoah Valley, 
and with Sheridan at Snicker's Gap and 
Opequon. In March, 1865, it joined the Army 
of the James in front of Petersburg, and fol- 
lowed in the pursuit of Lee. The One Hun- 
dred and Sixteenth was mustered out June 14, 
1865, with the exception of Companies F and 
K, which were consolidated with the Sixty- 
second Ohio. 

COMPANY D. 

Forsyth, Samuel, e. August, 1862, disc. 1865, wounded at 
Cedar Creek, Va., October 19, 1864. 



ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTEENTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

The One Hundred and Seventeenth Ohio 
was organized in September, 1862, under Col. 
Chauncey G. Hawley. It served in Kentucky 
until January, 1864, when it moved into Ten- 
nessee, and performed arduous duty until th& 
close of the war. It was discharged at Camp 
Dennison, August 1, 1865. 
Sims, John, e. 1862. 

ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTEENTH OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in September, 
1862, under Samuel R. Mott. It served in 
Kentucky and Tennessee until the campaign of 
1864, when it moved upon Resaca. It partici- 
pated in the battles of Dallas, Pumpkin Vine 
Creek, Kenesaw Mountain, at the crossing of 
the Chattahoochie, and in the final engage- 
ments which resulted in the fall of Atlanta, 
after which it joined the army confronting 
Hood, took part in the battle of Nashville, fol- 
lowed the enemy to Columbia, captured Fort 
Anderson, was engaged in the action of Town 
Creek, then joined Sherman's army at Golds 
boro. The One Hundred and Eighteenth 
received its final discharge at Cleveland, Ohio, 
July 9, 1865. 

COMPANY O. 

Leonard, A. H., e. August, 1862; disc. June, 1865. 

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH OHIO INFANTRY 

This regiment was organized during the 
autumn of 1862 under Col. Daniel French. It 
joined the Army of the Tennessee, and par- 
ticipated in the fruitless attack on Vicksburg 
It moved against Arkansas Post, and under 
Grant took part in the engagement at Thomp- 
son's Hill, the siege of Vicksburg and the 
investment of Jackson. In May, 1864, the 



504 



UNION COUNTY 



regiment, having started to join Gen. Banks at 
Alexandria, was surprised and captured by the 
enemy. In November, the One Hundred and 
Twentieth was consolidated with the One Hun- 
dred and Fourteenth, which ended the career 
of the One Hundred and Twentieth as a regi- 
mental organization. 

COMPANY C. 

Smith, Joseph, e. September, 1863 ; disc. January, 1865. 

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIRST OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

The One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio 
was organized in the early fall of 1802, under 
Col. William P. Reed, the majority of its mem- 
bers being without a knowledge of even the 
first principles of military tactics. 

Companies A and I were wholly, and Com- 
pany C, partly, recruited in Union County. 
Companies B, D, E, F, G and H also contained 
representatives from this county. 

When the companies were organized, M. C. 
Lawrence was elected Captain of Company A, 
D. H. Henderson, First Lieutenant, and J. W. 
Jones, Second Lieutenant, and A. B. Robin- 
son was elected Captain of Company I, Andrew 
Dockum, First Lieutenant, and Joseph White 
Second Lieutenant. 

These two companies left Marysville on the 
d day of September, 1862, for Camp Dela- 
ware, where the regiment rendezvoused. 

Company A went into camp with 102 men, 
and Company I with 116. 

Recruits were assigned to the different com- 
panies during their service, making the total 
number of enlistments 300, this being the 
greatest number of men from this county 
serving in any one regiment. Of this number, 
seventeen were killed, forty-two died of 
wounds and disease, eighty-two were wounded, 
and thirty-two were taken prisoners, making 
a total loss of 173. 

AVhen the regiment was organized, Capt. 
Lawrence vvas the ranking line officer, having 
the right flanking company, and Company 1 
the right center, being two very important po- 
sitions in the regiment, and as time proved, 
these two companies were to play an important 
part in this desperate game of war. 

Tlie One Hundred and Twenty-first was 
mustered into the service on the 11th of Sep- 
tember, 1862, and immediately went to Cin- 
cinnati, crossed the Ohio River and went into 
camp at Covington, Ky., on the 12th. At 
this place, it was armed with a lot of con- 
demned Austrian rifles which were absolutely 
worthless; then moved to Louisville, and was 
attached to Gen. McCook's Division. 

Inexperienced and without an hour's drill- 
ing, the regiment marched with Gen. Buell's 
forces against Bragg' s rebel army, and on the 
8th of October was led into the battle of Per- 
ryville, where it received its first baptism of 
blood. 

Of Company A, James D. Hatcher was 
mortally wounded, and Oliver W. Weeks, seri- 



ously wounded in this engagement ; and of 
Company 1, Lieut. White was killed ; B. P. 
Hildreth and John P. Bailey severely wounded, 
and George Lockhart, Alexander Gandy, 
James M. Lucas, Marshall Morris and E. Patch 
were taken prisoners. 

Many strong men were broken down in 
these first months' hard service, and never 
afterward returned to their companies. 

The regiment was detailed to bury the dead 
at Perry ville; then continued in Kentucky 
performing guard duty until January, 1868, 
On the 31st of December, 18()2, the regimental 
hospital was captured at Campbellsville, Ky., 
and Alexander Baker, Nathan Baker, S. B. 
Cone, James C. Cone and John R. Cameron of 
Company A, and AVilliam McNier, F. M. Mc- 
Claskey, James M. Simpson, Oliver Simpson, 
William R. Sherwood, Martin Snyder, H. S. 
Sprague, William Burrows, Hiram Hawley and 
John Brannon of Company I were taken pris- 
oners and paroled. 

On the 1st of February, 1863, the regiment 
moved into Tennessee and was employed in 
watching and protecting the rigl^t flank of 
Gen. Rosecrans' army, then stationed at Mur- 
freesboro. 

About this time Col. H. B. Banning was 
transferred to the command of the regiment; 
and the prisoners of Perryville had been ex- 
changed and they and many of the sick re- 
turned to their companies. 

The One Hundred and Twenty-first moved 
from Stone River with Gen. Rosecrans' army 
and on this march was engaged in a slight 
skirmish with the rebel Gen. Forrest at 
Triune on the 3d of June. A few days later 
it occupied Shelbyville, Tenn., and after re- 
maining there several weeks advanced to 
FayeUeville, where it continued until the 1st 
of September, when orders were received to 
join the Reserve (^orps under Gen. Gordon 
Granger and proceed to Chattanooga. 

On the 20th of September, 1863, the regi- 
ment was engaged in that memorable charge 
of Steedman's Division at the battle of Chick- 
amauga, in which they drove the enemy 
at tlie point of the bayonet from the 
field and held it against repeated attacks 
until the close of the battle, the One Hun- 
dred and Twenty-first being the last regi- 
ment to leave the battle-field, and bearing away 
with it the flag of tlie Twenty-second Alabama 
Infiintry, which was captured and borne, away 
in triumph by one Solomon Fish, of Mill 
Creek Township, a member of Company C. It 
is concluded that this timely aid of the Reserve 
Corps saved Gen. Thomas' army from defeat. 

Capt. Lawrence commanded the regiment on 
this occasion during the greater part of the 
battle, while yet ranking as a Captain, and 
Scrgt. Otway Curry assumed command of 
Company A. 

The loss of the regiment in this engagement 
was eleven officers and eighty-seven men. Of 
Company A, Amos Amrine was missing ; 
Thomas Marshall, John J. Ramage, Solomon 



MILITARY RECORD. 



505 



Hisey, Henry F. Jackson, 0. S. Myres and i 
Samuel Walters were wounded and Solomon 
Hisey wounded and taken prisoner. Of Com- 
pany I, Lieut. Fleming, Harrison Carpenter 
and James Harden were killed, and Capt. A. B. 
Robinson, A. R. Gage, George Deland, John S. 
Gill, John W. Bryan, James M. Lucas, Sheri- 
dan McBratney, Thomas Page, John G. Rup- 
right, Edwin Sager and Richard White were j 
wounded. ] 

After the battle of Chickamauga, the regi- 
ment shared in the battles of Lookout Mountain 
and Mission Ridge and in the march to the re- 
lief of Knoxville, then remained quietly in 
camp at liossville until entering upon the 
Atlanta campaign. 

Capt. Lawrence was promoted to Lieutenant \ 
Colonel in November, 1863, and was in com- 
mand of the regiment during the winter of 
1863 and 1864. Col. Banning being home on 
recruiting service, Lieut. B. A. Banker having 
command of Company A, the greater part of the 
time, and Capt. Moorehouse, of Company I, 
from the battle of Chickamauga until the return 
of Capt. Robinson in January, 1864. 

On the 2d of May, 1864, the One Hundred and 
Twenty-first started on the Atlanta campaign. 
Companies A and I and two other companies 
were selected to make a dangerous charge upon 
Buzzard's Roost, which was successfully done 
with but little loss, then shared in the battle 
at Dalton a few days later, having passed 
through Snake Creek Gap and from that point 
until the fall of Atlanta, September 1, the 
regiment was continually under fire. It was 
in the engagement at Resaca and as a part of 
Gen. J. C. Davis' division was at the capture 
of Rome, Ga. At the battle of Kenesaw 
]\[ountain, the regiment held the extreme right 
of the Union forces and with fixed bayonet 
charged up nearly to the breast-works of the 
enemy in a vain effort to drive them from their 
strong position. A deadly cross fire of shot, 
shell and grape killed and disabled 1.50 out of 
less than 400 of the One Hundred and Twenty- 
first. All with few exceptions were killed or 
wounded in the open tield in front of the 
enemy's works, in about five minutes. 

Company A lost in this engagement John G. 
Perry, killed; 0. B. Cone mortally wounded, 
and Henry F. Jackson, F. B. Hargrove, L. A. N. 
Craig, Henry Coats, W. H. Goff, and Hiram 
Laughry, wounded. 

Company I lost, on the 20th, James Chap- 
man, killed; on the 22d, A. Drake and John 
Vanderau wounded, and on the 27th, Edward 
Phillips, Alexander Scott, I. N. Dillon, A. C. 
Rosecrans, E. Sager and A. S. Sprague killed ; 
P. A. Holycross, John Kuhlman, and Jeremiah 
Kirk, mortally wounded, and George Deland, 
J. Q. Converse, William H. Bonnett, A. W. 
Davis, Van Dix, Alexander Gandy, Wesley 
Hawn, George Holloway, Josiah Knight, C. P. 
Morse, H. Patch, Thomas Page, William R. 
Sherwood, H. Woods, David Rea, H. McVay, 
Lewis Ketch, John A. Wood, James A. Snod- 
grass, Daniel Cooperider, J. P. Goodrich and 



John Reed wounded. The two companies los- 
ing twelve killed and died of wounds, and 
thirty wounded. 

From the 9th of July until the 17th, the regi- 
ment was engaged on the banks of the Chat- 
tahoochie River ; on the 18th and 20th it routed 
the enemy and occupied his position at Peach 
Tree Creek, Company A losing two men — S. B. 
Cone and John JollifF — wounded in this engage- 
ment, and on the 22d joined its brigade and 
took position on the right of the National line, 
three miles from Atlanta. In the movement 
upon Jonesboro it took the advance, acting as 
skirmishers for the Second Division, leading 
the Fourteenth Corps. Capt. Henderson, of 
Company K, and John Cooperider, of Company 
I, were wounded in this battle, and John 
Ports, of Company A, killed. 

On the 2d of September Atlanta surrendered, 
and on the 6th the regiment went into camp 
near that city. The One Hundred and Twenty- 
first entered the Atlanta campaign with four 
hundred and twenty-eight non-commissioned 
officers and men, and eighteen commissioned 
officers. Four officers were killed and eight 
wounded. Twenty-two men were killed, two 
hundred and five wounded, and one captured. 
On the 29th of September, the regiment 
joined the expedition against Forrest's rebel 
cavalry, and having driven him across Tennes- 
see, into Alabama, returned, and marched in 
pursuit of Hood's army. 

On the 2d of October, Lieut. Col. Lawrence 
resigned, and on the 19th Col. Banning left the 
regiment, and the command devolved on A. B. 
Robinson, who had been promoted to Major and 
mustered on the 17th of September. Maj. 
Robinson was afterward promoted to Colonel, 
and commanded the regiment from the fall of 
Atlanta until the close of the war. Lieut. Cavis 
was transferred from Company A to Company I, 
and promoted C<tptain. Lieut. D. H. Hender- 
son was promoted to Captain, and also to Ma- 
jor. He commanded Company K during the 
greater part of the service. Capt. Banker had 
command of Company A from August, 1864, 
until the close of the war, and Capt. 0. Curry, of 
Company C and also of Company I, from the 
battle of Bentonville until the end of the war. 
The One Hundred and Twenty-first joined 
Gen. Sherman at Pvome, Ga., and marched 
with his army to the sea. After the fall of 
Savannah, the regiment moved through the 
Carolinas, taking an active part in the engage- 
ment at Bentonville, losing six men killed and 
twenty wounded. 

Company A lost John Sparks killed, and J. 
L. Porter, T. Prosser, J. G. Irwin and J. C. 
Warner, wounded ; and Company I lost C. B. 
Miller, killed, Capt. C. P. Cavis mortally 
wounded, and P. Vanderau and James Dunn 
severely wounded. 

The regiment joined the national forces in 
the march to Washington, was present at the 
grand review, then proceeded to Columbus, 
Ohio, and was mustered out on the 12th day of 
June, 1865. 



506 



UNION COUNTY 



One hundred and sixteen soldiers had be- 
longed to Company A. Of these, twenty-five 
died on the field, and in the hospitals, and 
twenty-seven were wounded ; and of the 130 
who enlisted in Company I, thirteen were 
killed in battle, fourteen died of wounds and 
disease, and forty-seven were wounded. ' 

The large number of casualties is the best 
evidence that can be given of the dangerous 
service rendered by these companies, and the 
members are justly proud of the record of 
the One Hundred and Twenty-first. 

Col. A. B. Robinson, e. August 15, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 
Mustered in na Captain of Company I, promoted to 
Major August 29, 1804, to Lieutenant Colonel January 

28, 1865, and to Colonel May 18, 1805; wounded at 1 
Chickamauga, Ga., September 20, 1863. \ 

Lieut. Col. M. C. Lawrence, e. August 9, 1862, disc. Oc- 
tober 2, 1804. Mustered in as Captain of Company A, 
promoted to Lieutenant Colonel November 4, 1863. 

Maj. D. H. Henderson, e. August 15, 1862, disc. February I 
14,1805. Mustered in as First Lieutenant, promoted to 
Captain March 20, 1803, and to Major January 28, 1865; 
wound at Chickamauga, Ga., September 20, 1863, at 
Jonesboro, Ga., September 1, 1864, and at Nashville, I 
Tenn., December 14, 1864. 

Maj. R. R. Henderson, e. September 10, 1862, resigned 
April 5, 1863. Wounded while a member of Thirteenth 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry ; commissioned Major of One 
Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry In 
the fall of 1862, resigned in the spring of 1863, on 
account of wound. 

COMPANT A. 

Capt. Benjamin Banker, e. August 15, 1862, disc. June 8, 
1865. Commissioned Second Lieutenant March 1,1863, ) 
First Lieutenant March 31, 1864, and Captain August 

29, 1864. 

COMPANIES A, C AND I. 

Capt. Otway Curry, e. August 15, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 
Enlisted as private; received three commissions. Second 
Lieutenant, April 12,1804; First Lieutenant, July 15, j 

1864, and Captain, April 20, 1865. 1 

COMPANY A. 

First Lieut. Thomas Marshall, e. August 15, 1862, disc. 
March 5, 1864. Wounded at Chickamauga, Ga., Sep- 
tember 20, 1^6:i. 

First Lieut. John L. Porter, e. August 14, 1862, disc. June i 
8, 1805. Wounded at Beutonville, N. C, March 19, 
1865; commissioned Second Lieutenant, January 3, 
1863, and First Lieutenant, May 22, 1865. 

Second Lieut. John W. Jones, e. August 15 1802, resigned 
March 25, 1863. 

Second Lieut. John J. Ramage, e. August 12, 1862, disc. 
June 8, 1865. Wounded at Chickamauga, Ga., Septem- ! 
ber 20, 1863 ; promoted to First Lieutenant, April 20, 
1865. 

Sergt. Alexander Baker, e. August 13, 1862, disc. June 8, 

1865. Taken prisoner at Campbell, Ky. i 
Sergt. William J. Graham, e. August 13, 1862. Died at j 

Louisvill-^, Ky., March 28, 1863. 
Sergt. A. P. Heminger, e. August 12, 1862, disc. June 8, 

1865. 
Sergt. Solomon Hisey, e. August 12, 1862, disc. June 8. . 

1865. Wounded and taken prisoner at Chickamauga 

Ga., September 20, 1863. ' 

Sergt. John Jolliff, e. August 13, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. ; 

Wounded at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 22, 1864. 
Sergt. John Miller, e. August 4, 1862, disc. July 1, 1865. I 
Sergt. Alonzo Skidmore, e. August 14, 1802. disc. June 8, 

1865. Wounded at Lookout Mountain, Tenn., Novem- 
ber 24, 1863 
Corp. Nathan Baker, e. August 13, 1862, disc. June 8, 

1865. Taken prisoner at Campbellville, Ky. 
Corp. A. H. Ballinger, e. August 12, 1862, disc. June 8, 

1865. I 

Corp. S. B. Cone, e. August 15, 1862, disc. March 20, 180=i. 

Taken prisoner at Campbellville, Ky.; wounded at Peach : 

Tree Creek, Ga., July 22, 1864. 
Corp. Charles Guy, August 15, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 
Corp. Henry F. Jackson, e. August 8, 1862, disc. June 8, 

1865. Wounded at Chickamauga. Ga., September 20, { 

1863, and at Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864. f 



Corp. T. Prosser, e. August 13, 1802, disc. May 17, 1865. 

Wounded at Beutonville, N. C, March 19, 1865. 
Corp. Zachariah Koss, v. August 18, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 
Corp. William H. Sidell, e. August 15, 1862, disc. February 

10, 1863. Accidently shot at Lebanon, Ky., December, 

1802. 
Corp. W. W. Southard, e. August 14, 1862, disc. Jup 

1805. Wounded at Atlanta, Ga., August 6, 1864. 
Corp. J. N. Vining, e. August 12, 1862, disc. June S, ISfio. 
Drum Maj. William F. Burrows, e. August 13, 1802, disc. 

February 20, 1803. 
Drummer B. Cosgrove, e. December 19, 1803, disc. June 8, 

1865. 
Drummer John Dirst, e. August 30, 1862, disc. June 8, 

1805. 
Teamster John H. Ellis, e. August 12. 1862, disc. June 8, 

1865. 
Teamster Nathan Farnum, e. September 11, 1802, disc. 

June 8, 1865. 
Teamster W. E. Tanner, e. August 13, 1862, disc. June 8, 

1865. 
Blacksmith John Q. Adams, e. August 13, 1862, disc. 

June 8, 1865. 
Cook Anderson Moore, (colored), e. September 1, 1863, 

disc. May 18, 1805. 

COMPANY A. 

Amrine, Amos, e. August 22, 1862, missing at Chicka- 
mauga, Ga., September 20, 1863. 

Adams, Wesley, e. .Vugust 12, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Adams, J. W., e. August 12, 1862." 

Baldwin, James S., e. August 12, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Boyd, Joseph, e. August 12, 1862, disc. June 25, 1866, 
transferred to Pioneer Corps. 

Butler, James, e. February 24, 1864, disc. August 15, 1865, 
transferred to Sixty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 
June 2, 1805. 

Brown, Stephen, e. August 13, 1862, disc. June 19,1865, 
taken prisoner at Rossville, Ga., Sept. 21, 1863. 

Burrows, H. D., e. February 22, 1864, died in hospital at 
New Albany, Ind., December 28, 1864. 

Bergen, William S., e. March 1, 1864, wounded near Dal- 
las, Ga. 

Brown, Ira, e. September, 1802. 

Cone, James C.,; e. August 15, 1802, disc. June 8, 1865, 
taken prisoner at Campbellville, Ky. 

Cole, Joshua, e. August 11, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Chapman, J. W., e. August 15, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Chapman. J. N., e. August 20, 1862, disc. June 8, 1866. 

Cunningham, T.. e. August 13, 1862. 

Curry, David, e. August 15, 1802, disc. July, 1865, on de- 
tached service from June, 1863, until mustered out. 

Craig, L. A. N., e. February 29, 1864, taken prisoner at 
Campbellville, Ky., wounded at Kenesaw Mountain, 
Ga., June 27,1864. 

Cone, Otway B., e. August 15, 1862, died July 21, 1864, in 
hospital at Chattanooga, Tenn., of wounds received at 
Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1804. 

Coats, Henry, e. February 22, 1864, wounded at Kenesaw 
Mountain Ga., June 27, 1864. 

Cherry, Isaac, e. August 9, 1862, died in hospital near 
Rossville, Ga., February 20, 1864. 

Carter, Levi, e. August 15, 1862, died in hospital at Lou- 
isville, Ky., May 27, 1862. 

Cameron, John R., e. Augutt 9, 1862, taken prisoner at 
Cambellville, Ky. 

Chandler, 0. S., e. August 12, 1862, died in hospital at 
Lebanon, Ky., December 11, 1802. 

Duden. William W., e. February 22, 1804, disc. August 
15,1805, transferred to Sixty-ninth Ohio Volunteer In- 
fantry, June 2, 1805. 

Dufflinger, J. N., e. August 12, 1862, wounded. 

Erwin, John, e. August 8, 1862, died in hospital at Frank- 
lin, Tenn., March 5, 1863. 

Figley, A. M., e. August 12, 1862, died in hospital at 
Nashville, Tenn., April 28, 1803. 

Goff, William 11., e. August 12, 1862, disc. March 4, 1865, 
wounded and taken prisoner at Sequatchie Valley, Tenn., 
Octobtr, 1863, wounded at Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., 
June 27, 1864. 

Glasscock. William P., e. August 12, 1862, disc. October 6, 
1862. 

Gandy, William, e. August 12, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Grindle, J. M., e. August 12, 1862, taken prisoner at Lou 
isville, Ga., in December, 1864. 

Hargrave, F. B., e. August 15, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865, 
wounded at Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1804. 

Hinkeus, N. 11., e. February 22, 1864, dis. August 16, 
1805, transferred to Sixty-ninlh Ohio Volunteer In- 
fantry, June 2, 1865. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



507 



namilton, Silas, e. Avigust 12, 1802. 

Hartley, Thomas M., e. August 13. 1862, died in hospital 
at Frankhn, TeiiD., April 24, 18C3. 

Hatcher, James D., e. August 13, 1862, died November 18, 
1862, in hospital at Perryville, Ky., of wounds received 
October 8, 1862. 

Hawn, Michael, e. February 20, 1864. 

Hisey, William P., e. August 8, 1862, disc. October 6, 
1862. 

Irwin, J. G., e. August 8, 1862, disc. May, 1865, wounded 
at Bentonville, N. C, March 19, 1865. 

Jackson, J. C, e. August 12, 1862, disc. January 23, 1863. 

Johnson, D. L., e. August 12, 1862, disc. March 23, 1863. 

Kennedy, John, e. August 15, 1862. 

Lash, John, e. August '22, 1862. 

Lister, Alfred, e. August 15, 1862, wounded and died at 
Savannah, Ga. 

Lenox, W. H., e. August 13, 1862, disc. April 23, 1863. 

Livingston, Philip, e. August 15, 1862, disc. Juno 19, 1865. 

Lansdown, H, e. August 22, 18G2, died at home, diec. 
1865. 

Laughrey, Hiram, e. August 11, 1862, disc. May 17,1865. 
wounded at Kenesaw Moiintain, Gii., June27, 1864, disc. 
May 17, 1805, died ut home. 

Myers, 0. i;^., e. August 13, 1862, wounded at Chicka- 
mauga, Ga., September 20, 1863, disc. June 8, 1865. 

McClung, John, e. August 8, 1802. 

McElderry, J., August 12, 1802, died at Lebanon, Ky., 
January 9, 1863.- 

Myers, William F., e. August 13, 1862, disc. June 8,1865. 

Meddles, G., e. August 12, 1862, disc. Juno 8, 1865. 

Neville, James, e. August 13. 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Perkins, Michael, e. August 12, 1862, disc. July 5, 1863. 

Perry, John G., e. August 12, 1862, killed at Kenesaw 
Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864. 

Pierce, R. A., e. August 9, 1862, died in hospital at Camp- 
bellsville, Ky., December 26, 1802. 

Ports, John, killed at Jonesboro, September 1st, 1864. 

Koberts. George, e. August 12, 1862, died March 15, 1864, 
at Camp Dennison, of gunshot wound received at Mis- 
sionary Kidge. 

Robinson, W. P., e February 22, 1864, disc. Juno. 8, 1865, 
transferred to Sixty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. 

Stiner, Joseph, e. August 8, 1862, disc. June, 1865, trans- 
ferred to Pioneer Corps. 

Southard, John '//., e. August 12, 1862, disc. April 5, 1863. 

Southard, Green, e. February 29, 1864, died of wounds 
received at Nashville, Tenn., December 15, 1864. 

Swartz, George W., e. Au>;ust 13, 1862, disc. May 13,1863. 

Swartz, John, e. August 15, 1862, disc. June 15, 1863. 

Snider, Jacob, e. August 13, 1862, disc. June, 1865. 

Skidmore, S. S., e. August 14, 1862. 

Shuler, D. V., e. August 20, 1862, disc. June 24, 1865. 

Strump, W. e. February 25, 1864, disc. June 8, 1866. 

Shade, William, e. August 12, 1862. 

Sparks, John, e. August 13, 1802, killed at Bentonville, 
N. r., March 20, 1865. 

Sparks, William G., e. August 13, 1862, disc. September 
24, 1863, died at home, March 8, 1873. 

Thompson, C. A., e. August 15, 1862, died in hospital at 
Louisville, Ky., May 27, 1803. 

Taylor, James W., e. February 20, 1864, died in hos- 
pital at Atlanta, Ga., of wounds received near Atlanta, 
September 19, 1864. 

Taylor, Jeremiah, e. August 12, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Van Sickle, 0. A., e. August 13, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Walters, Samuel, e. August 8, 1862, died October 3, 1863, 
at Chattanooga, Tenn., of wounds received at Chicka- 
mauga, Ga., September 20, 1863. 
Walters, John, e. August 13, 1862, died at Camp Denni- 
son, Ohio, February 13, 1863. 
Walters, George W., e. August 9, 1802, died at Washing- 
ton, D. C, April 10, 1863. 
Walker, Isaac, e. August 12, 1862. 
Warner, I. 0., e. August 9,1802, disc. JHne,18e5, wounded 

at B.ntonville, N. C, March 19, 1865. 
Woodworth, J. C, e. August 12, 1802, disc. June 8, 1865. 
Weeks. Oliver W., e. A-igust 13, 1862, disc. January 14, 

1804, wounded at Perryville, Ky. 
Tearsley, Nathan, e. August 12, 1802, disc. June 8, 1866, 
died at home in March, 1869. 

COMPANY B. 

Cline, Frederick, e. August 18, 1802, disc. June 8, 1865. 
Dial, Amos, e. August 12, 1802, died at Camp Chase, Ohio, 
1804. 

COMPANY C. 

Second Lieut. F. T. Arthur, e. August 11, 1802, wounded 
at Perryville, Ky., October 8, 1802, disc. April 23, 1863. 



Sergt. Nelson Adair, e. August 22, 1862, disc. May 11, 
1805. Taken prisoner at CampDellville, Ky. Died at 
home. 

Sergt. Daniel Duvall, e. August [20, 1862, disc. June 8, 
1805. 

Sergt. T. W. Martin, e. August 22, 1862, disc. January, 
1863. 

Sergt. David Swartz, e. August 14, 1862, disc. June 8, 
1865. 

Sergt. Abner Said, e. August 12, 1862, disc. June 27, 1865. 
Wounded. 

Corp. Robert M. Cooper, e. August 16. 1862, taken pris- 
oner at Milledgeville, Ga., December 3, 1864, disc. June 
20, 1865. 

Corp. E. B. Manville, e. August 14, 1862, disc. January 23, 
1805. Died at home. 

Corp. J. B. F. Smart, e. August 18, 1862, disc. February 6, 
1863. 

Allen, A. B., e. August 22, 1862, taken prisoner at Chick- 
amauga, Ga., September 20, 1803, and died in Libby 
Prison. 

Black, Henry, e. April 1, 1864, wounded at Bentonville, 
N. C, March 20, 1865, disc. May 18, 1805. Transferred 
to Sixty-ninth Ohio Volut.teer Infantry. 

Brown, Wilson, e. February 5, 1804, transferred to Sixty- 
ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry June 2, 1805, disc. 
June 8, 1805. 

Brown, George W., e. February 4, 1864, transferred to 
Sixty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry June 2, 1865, disc. 
August 15, 1805. Died at home. 

Brown, Elijah, e. August 15, 18(i3, wounded at Kenesaw 
Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1804, disc. June 8, 1805. 

Brown, E. W., e. August 15. 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Carr, William C, e. August 12, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Canan, C. E., e. December 21, 1863, disc. August 15, 1865. 
Transferred to Sixty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. 

Crego, Judson, e. August 10, 1863, disc. February 0, 
1863. 

Doolen, G. A., e. August 14, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Estep, John, e. August 22, 1862. 

E.-tep, Levi, e. February 5, 1864, died at Big Shanty, Ga., 
July 17, 1864. 

Fish, Solomon, e. August 14, 1802, disc. June 8, 1865. Cap- 
tured the flag of the Twenty-second Alabama Regi- 
ment at the battle of Chickamauga, Ga. 

Guy, Harrison, e. August 22, 1802, disc. June 8, 1865. 
Wounded. 

Guy, Joseph, e. August 12, 1862, disc. June 8, 1805. Tak- 
en prisoner at CampboUville, Ky. 

Hinton, John, e. February 4, 1864, disc. August 15, 1865. 
Transferred to Sixty -ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. 

Hill, William A., e. August 12, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Jones, William T., e. August 22, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Joslin, William, e. August 22, 1862. 

Kirkland, "William, e. August 18. 1862. 

Mclntire, George, e. March 1, 1864, disc. June 8, 1865. 
Transferred to Sixty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. 

Mummy, Daniel, e. February 15, 1864, killed at Benton- 
ville, N. C, March 19, 1865. 

Moody, William H. Killed. 

Norris, William, e. August 16, 1862, transferred to Invalid 
Corps March 5, 1863. 

Bittenhouse, James, e. August 8, 1862, disc. June 27, 1865. 

Kittenhouse, J. II., e. August 12, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Wilcox, Albert, e. August 18, 1862, disc. 1863. Missing- 
supposed to have been drowned in the Cumberland 
River. 

Wilcox, Almiron, e. February 26, 1803, died at Big Shan- 
ty, Ga., July 17, 1804. 

Wells, George M., e. Februarv 16, 1864, disc. August 16, 
1865. Wounded at Peach free Creek, Ga. 

Weaver, John H., e. August 18, 1862, disc. June 8, 1866. 
Captured a rebel sword in the battle of Chickamauga, 
Ga. 

COMPANY D. 

Bowersmith, J., e. 1864, disc. 1864. 

Warren, A., e. April, 1864, disc. September, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Dean, Jesse M., e. August, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

COMPANY F. 

Capt. 0. M. Scott, e September 11, 1802, wounded at Ben- 
tonville, N. C, March 20, 1865, disc. June 8, 1865. 
Mores, Martin, e. August 22, 1802. 

COMPANY G. 

Crider, Abraham, e. December 28, 1863. Iiied. 



508 



UNION COUNTY 



COMPANY H. 

Corri. William Layton, e. August 12, 1862, disc. May 29, 

1863. Died at home in 1S7U. 

Baker, B., e. August 17, 1862, transferred to Veteran 

Corps January 10, 1865, disc. August 15, 1865. 
Rochell, S. S. 

COMPANIES I AND A. 

Capt. Charles P. Oavis, e. September 17, 1862, died April 
6, 1865, of wounds received Mai-ch 19, 1865, at Beuton- 
ville, N. C. Commissioned First Lieutenant March 31, 

1864, and Captain October 19, 1864. 

COMPANY I. 

Capt. Daniel Glllson, e. August 13, 1802, disc. June 8 

1865. 
Capt. A. B. Robinson. Promoted to Major August 29, 

1864. Promoted to Lieutenent Colonel January 28, 

1865. Promoted to Colonel May 18, 1865. 

First Lieut. William F. Barr, e. September 4, 1862. On 
detached duty. 

First Lieut. A. A. Dockum, e. August 16, 1862, resigned 
April 6, 1863, died at home March 20, 1864. 

First Lieut. W. J. White, e. August 18, 1862, disc. June 
8, 1865. 

Second Lieut. Robert F. Fleming, e. December 29, 1862, 
Killed at Ohickamauga, Ga., September 26, 1863. 

Second Lieut. Joseph White, e. August 22, 1802, killed at 
Chaplin Hill, Ky., October 8, 1862. 

Sergt. R. S. Bonnett, e. September 21, 1862, disc. June 8, 
1865. 

Sergt. J. Q. Converse, e. August 10, 1802, wounded at 
Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864, disc. June 8, 
1865. 

Sergt. George Deland, e. August 10, 1862, wounded at 
Chickamauga, Ga., September 20,1863, and at Kenesaw 
Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864, disc. February 24, 1865. 

Sergt. A. R. Gage, e. August 21, 1862, wounded at Chick- 
amauga, September 20, 1863, promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant April 20, 1865, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Sergt. D. R. Harper, e. August 16, 1862, disc. June 8, 
1865. 

Sergt. Marshall Morris, e. August 22, 1862, wounded at 
Perryville, Ky., October, 1862, disc. May 1, 1865. 

Sergt. xNorton Scott, e. August 22, 1862, disc. May 9 
1863. 

Sergt. L. B. White, e. August 22, 1862, transferred to In- 
valid Corps January 15, 1864, disc. July 1, 1865. 

Sergt. John A. Woods, e. August 22, 1862, wounded at 
Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864, and November 
26, 1864, disc. June 8, 186.^. 

Corp. John W. Bryan, e. August 3, 1862, wounded at At- 
lanta, Ga., August 16, 1864, and at Chickamauga Sep- 
tember 20, 1863, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Corp. C. G. Eirich, e. August 18, 1862, disc. March 20, 
1863. 

Corp. J. M. Fooks, e. August 18, 1862, disc. June 8, 
1865. 

Corp. John S. Gill, e. August 22, 1862, wounded at Chick- 
amauga, Ga., September 20, 1863, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Corp. P. A. Holycross, e. August 9, 1802, died August 5, 
1864, at Chattanooga, Tenn., of wounds received at 
Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864. 

Corp. Lewis Johnson, e. August 22, 1862, disc. June 8, 
1865. 

Corp. John P. Kritline, e. August 16, 1862. Never mus- 
tered in. 

Corp. George Lockhart, e. August 22, 1862, taken prisoner 
at Perryville, Ky., October, 1862, disc. January 24,1864. 

Corp. Charles P. Morse, e. February 22, 1864, wounded at 
Kenetaw Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1804, transferred to 
Sixty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry June 2, 1805. 

Corp. S. McBratney, e. August 22, 1802, wounded at 
Chickamauga, Ga., September 20, 1803, disc June 8, 
1805. 

Corp. George H. Reed, e. August 10, 1862, disc. June 8, 
1865. 

Corp. Alexander Scott, f. August 22 1862, killed at Ken- 
esaw Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864. 

Corp. B. H. White, e. August 22, 1862, wounded and tak- 
en prisoner at Chickamauga, Ga., September, 1863, disc. 
June 8, 1865. 

Musician H. A. Chapman, e. August 16, 1802, disc. June 
8, 1865. 

Musician George Harris, e. August 16, 1862, disc. Febru- 
ary 2, 1863. Wounded. 

Hospital Steward Beverly W. Keyes, e. September U, 
1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Bonnett, William H., e. August 22, 1862, wounded at 
Kenesaw Mountain Juno 27, 1804, disc. March 4, 1865. 



Bailey, John P., e. August 16, 1802, wounded at Perry- 
ville, Ky., October 8, 1862, transferred to Sixty-ninth 
Ohio Veteran Volunteer Infantry January 2, 1803, disc. 
March 5, 1 803. 

Brannan, John, e. August 22, 1802, taken prisoner at 
Perryville, Ky., died at home Januarv 20, 1803. 

Brown, Isaac, e. August 22, 1802, disc. June 8, 1805. 

Brown, J. M., e. August 16, 1802, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Brown, Josiah, e. August 22, 1802. Transferred to En- 
gineers' Department. 

Beedle, J. M., e. August 22, 1862, promoted to Corporal 
December 24, 1862, disc. September 10, 1863. 

Burrows, \V. E., e. August 22, 1862, taken prisoner at 
Campbellsville, Ky., December 31, 1862, disc. October 
20, 1863. 

Burrows, W. W., e. August 22, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Beahm, Gotleib, e. August 19, 1862, died in hospital at 
Perryville, Ky., November 8, 1862. 

Bonham, Leet, e. August 22, 1862, died at Lebanon, Ky., 
February 11, 1863. 

Chapman, James H., e. August 22, 1862, killed at Kene- 
saw Mountain, Ga., June 20, 1864. 

Cooperider, John, e. August 16, 1862, wounded at Jones- 
boro, Ga., September 1, 1864. 

Coopeiider, Daniel, e. August 16, 1862, wounded at Ken- 
esaw Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Carpenter, Harrison, e. August 2i, 1862, killed at Chick- 
amauga, Ga., September 20, 1863. 

Courtright, W. George, e. August 22, 1862, died in hospi- 
tal at^Perryville, Ky., November 17, 1802. 

Cockran, Thomas, e. August 22, 1802, disc. September 10, 
1803. 

Drake, Abraham, e. November 24, 1863, wounded at Ken- 
esaw Mountain, June 27, 1864, transferred to Sixty- 
ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry June 2, 1865. 

Dean, A. H., e. November 24, 1862, wounded at Atlanta, 
Ga., August 23, 1804, transferred to Sixty-ninth Ohio 
Volunteer Infantry June 2, 1805, disc. July 25, 1865. 

Dillon, I. N., e. November 24, 1863, killed at Kenesaw 
Mountain June 27, 1864. 

Debolt, G. W., e. August 22, 1862, disc. April 27, 1863. 

Dix, Vane, e. Febru.ary 19, 1864, wounded at Kenesaw 
Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864, disc. February 2, 1805. 

Dunn, James, e. February 13, 1864, wounded at Benton- 
ville, N. C, March 19, 1865, arm amputated, disc. July 
17, 1865. Transferred to Sixty-ninth Ohio Volunteer 
Infantry. 

Davis, A.'H., e. November 24, 1863, wounded at Kenesaw 
Mountain June 27, 1864, transferred to Veteran Reserve 
Corps January 28, 1865. 

Freet, William, e. August 16, 1862. Never mustered in. 

Ford, J. W., e. August 16, 1862, disc. March 2, 1863. 

Gandy, Alexander, e. August 22, 1802, taken prisoner 
October 8, 1862, at Perryville, Ky., wounded June 27, 
1864, at Kenesaw Mountain. 

Graves, L. P., e. August 22, 1862, disc. January 8, 1863. 

Goodrich, J. P., e. August 22, 1862, wounded at Kenesaw 
Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1804, disc. September 11, 1805. 

Hildreth, B. P., e. August 22, 1862, wounded at Perry- 
ville, Ky., October 8, 1862, disc. April 15, 1803. 

HoUoway, George, e. February 20, 1864, wounded at Ken- 
esaw Mountain June 27, 1864, transferred to Sixty- 
ninth Ohio Volunteer Inlantry June 2, 1865, disc. June 
2, 1805. 

Huber, Henry, e. August 22, 1862, disc. March 27, 1863. 

Hawn, B. W., e. J:inuary, 1864, wounded at Kenesaw 
Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864, transferred to Sixty- 
ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry June 2, 1865, disc. July 
17, 1865 

Harper, Seaton, e. February 16, 1864, transferred to Six- 
ty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry June 2, 1865, disc. 
July 17, 1805. 

Harper, A. J., e. August 22, 1802, disc. June 8, 1805. 

Ilawley, V. D., e. August 18, 1802, died in hospital at 
Bardstown, Ky., November 20, 18t 2. 

Harden, James, e. August 16, 1862, died of wounds re- 
ceived at Chickamauga, Ga., September 28, 1863. 

Hawley, H. S., e. August 18, 1862, died at Louisville, Ky., 
January 9, 1863. 

Holycross, T. J., e. August 16, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Holycross, J. K., e. August 10, 1862, wounded at Atlanta, 
Ga., August 6, 1804, disc. June 8, 1805. 

Ireland, Levi, e. August 22, 1802, died at Quincy, 111., 
March 24, 1863. 

Jones, Henry T., e. August 22, 1862, disc. November 24, 
1863. 

Ketch, Lewis J., e. February 22,1864, wounded at Kenesaw 
Mountain June 27, 1864, killed at Atlanta, Ga., August 
6, 1864. 

Kahline, Fred, e. August 16, 1862, disc. April 22, 1863. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



609 



Knight, J. J., e. February 29, 1864, wounded at Kenesaw 
Mountain June 27, 18(34, transferred to Veteran Keserve 
Corps January 28, 1865. 
Kirk, Jeremlab, e. August 22, 1862, died July 21, 1864, at 
Nashville, Tenn., of wounds received June 27, 1864, 
at Kenesiw Mountain, Ga. 
Kuhlman, John, e. August 18, 1862, died July 18, 1864, 
at Nashville, Tenn., of wounds received June 27, 1864, 
at Kenesaw Mountain, Ga. 
liucas, J. M., e. August 21, 1862, taken prisoner at Perry- 
ville, Kv., October 2, 1862, wounded at Chickamauga, 
Ga., September 20, 1863, disc. June 8, 1865. 
Lamme, B. J., e. August 16, 1862, disc. March 30, 1863. 
League, James, e. August 16, 1862, died in hospital at 

Lebanon, Ky., January 4, 1863. 
McVey, H. W., e. December 7, 1863, wounded at Kenesaw 
Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864, ti'ansferred to Sixty-ninth 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry June 2, 1865. 
McCrab, James, e. August 22, 1862. 

McClaskey, F. M., e. August 22, 1862, taken prisoner at 
Carapbellsville, Ky., December 31, 1862, disc. June 8, 
18G5. 
McNier, William, e. August 16, 1862, taken prisoner at 
Campl)ellsville, Ky., December 31, 1862, disc. June 8, 
1865. 
Miller, 0. B., e. November 24, 1863, killed at Bentonville, 

N. C, March 19, 1865. 
Morse, ('. P. 

Orahood, John, e. February 9, 1864, transferred to Sixty- 
ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry June 2, 1865, disc. June 
8, 1865. 
Orahood, Aaron, e. February 9, 1864, transferred to Sixty- 
ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry June 2, 1865, disc. June 
8, 1865. 
Orahood, A. J., e. January 1, 1864, transferred to Sixty- 
ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry June 2, 1865, disc. June 
8, 1865. 
Orr, Abraham, e. August 22, 1862, disc. March 3, 1863. 
Patch, Eslie, e. August 16, 1862, taken prisoner at Chap- 
lin Hill, Ky., October, 1862, disc. June 8, 18G5. 
Patch, Harman, e. August,16, 1862, wounded at Kenesaw 
Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864, transferred to Vetejan 
Keserve Corps January 28, 1865. 
Philips, Edward, e. August 21, 1862, killed at Kenesaw 

Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864. 
Page, Thomas S., e. June, 1862, wounded at Chicka- 
mauga, Ga., September 20, 1863, and i.t Kenesaw Mount- 
ain, Gi., June 27, 1864, transferred to Veteran Reserve 
Corps January 28, 1865, disc. July 1, 1865. 
Pierce, D. W., e. August 22, 1862, disc. June 8, 1864. 
Parthemore, E., e. August 16, 1862, disc. April 13, 1863. 
Rea, D. A., e. November 24, 1863, wounded at Kenesaw 
Mountain June 27, 1864, transferred to Sixty-ninth 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry June 2, 1865, disc. July 17, 
1865. 
RosecraHB, A. E., e. August 26, 1864, killed at Kenesaw 

Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864. 
Rupright, John G., e. August 18, 1862, wounded at Chick- 
amauga September 20, 1863, transferred to Veteran 
Reserve Corps April 16, 1864. 
Reed, Hiram, e. August 19, 1862, disc. December 10, 

1863. 
Reed, John, e. November 24, 1863, wounded at Kenesaw 

Mountain June 27, 1864, disc. May 19, 1865. 
Romine, J. W., e. August 22, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Taken prisoner at Campbellsville. 
Snider, Martin, e. August 22, 1862, taken prisoner at 
Campbellsville, Ky., December 31, 1862, disc. June 8, 
1865. 
Scott, William E., e. August 22, 1862, disc. June 8, 

1865. 
Scott, Ross, e. August 22, 1862, disc. January 8, 1865. 
Simpson, J. M., e. August 22, 1862, taken prisoner at 

Campbellsville, Ky., December 31, 1862. 
Simpson, Oliver, e. August 22, 1862, taken prisoner at 

Campbellsville, Ky., December 31, 1862. 
Sager, Edwin, e. August 22, 1862, wounded at Chicka- 
mauga, Ga., September 20, 1863, killed at Kene.^aw 
Mountain June 27, 1864. 
Sprague, E. B., e. August 7, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 
Sprague, S. W., e. August 22, 1862, disc. February 5, 

A863. 
Sprague, A. S., e. August 7, 1862, taken prisoner at 
Campbellsville, Ky., killed at Kenesaw Mountain June 
27, 1864. 
Snodgrass, J. A., e. August 16, 1862, wounded at Kene- 
saw Monntain, Ga., June 27, 1864, promoted to Cor- 
poral October 31, 1863, disc. June 8, 1865. 
Spindler, Joseph, e. August 16, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 
Scheiderer, C. G., e. August 18, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 



Sherwood, William R., e. August 22,1861, taken prison- 
er at Perryville, Ky., October 8, 1862, wounded at Ken- 
esaw Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864, disc. March 14, 
1865. 

Stithum, J. N. 

Trout, Abraham, e. August 22, 1862, disc. June 8, 
1865. 

Twiford, T. S., e. August 22, 1862. Transferred to Vete- 
ran Reserve Corps. 

Vanderau, Philip, e. August 22, 1862, wounded at Ben- 
tonville, N. C, March 19, I860, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Vanderau, John, e. August 18, 1862, wounded at Perry- 
ville, Ky , October, 1862, and at Kenesaw Mountain, 
Ga., June 27, 1864, promoted to Corporal February 27, 
1865, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Woods, H. P., e. August 22, 1862, wounded at Kenesaw 
Mountain, Ga., June 27, 1864, transferred to Veteran 
Reserve Corps January 28, 1865. 

Wigle, Cyrus, e. August 18, 1862, disc. March 27, 1863. 

W'olfotd, W. E., e. August 16,1862, disc. March 14, 
1863. 

Wolford, P. W., e. August 16, 1862, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Hardee, Owen (colored cook), e. August 26, 1863, trans- 
ferred to Sixty-tinth Ohio Volunteer Infantry June 
2, 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Fletcher, John, e. August 22, 1862, disc. May 4, 1863. 

Reid, John, e. 1864, wounded at Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., 
June 27, 1864, disc. June 8, 1865. 

Stradner, E. (colored cook), e. September 1, 1863, trans- 
ferred to fixty-niuth Ohio Volunteer Infantry June 2, 
1865. 



ONE HCXDRED AND TWENTY-SECOND OHIO IN- 
FANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in October, 
1862, under Col. William H. Ball. It served 
in AVest Virginia until .January, 1863, then 
moved east and operated in the Shenandoah 
Valley. It joined in the pursuit of Lee in 
his retreat from Gettysburg, took part in the 
battles of the Wilderness, Petersburg, Win- 
chester and Cedar Creek, and was present at 
the surrender of Lee. After the review at 
Washington, the One Hundred and Twenty- 
second was mustered out, on the 9th of July, 
1865. 

COMPANY C. 

Innskeep, H. M., e. May, 1862, disc. October, 1862. 

COMPANY G. 

Cassidy, William, e. August, 1862, wounded at Wilder- 
ness Run, disc. I861. 

Cassidy, George, e. August, 1862, wounded at Winches- 
ter, Va. 



ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH OHIO INFAN- 
TRY. 

The One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Ohio was 
organized in October, 1862, under Col. Emer- 
son Opdycke. It took a prominent part in the 
battles of Chickamauga and Mission Ridge, 
then marched to the relief of Knoxville. It 
joined Sherman's Atlanta campaign and par- 
ticipated in the battles of Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, Lost Mountain and Kenesaw Mount- 
ain. After the fall of Atlanta, it followed Hood 
to Nashville, took part in the battle of Frank- 
lin and in the pursuit south. In June, 1865, 
the regiment was ordered to Texas, and was 
there mustered out September 25, 1865. 

COMPANY F. 

Yoder, Alexander, e. October, 1862, wounded at Chicka- 
mauga, Ga., September, 1863, disc. 1865. 



510 



UNION COUNTY 



ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-SIXTH OHIO 
INFAKTRY. 

This regiment wrs organized September 4, 
1862, under Col. Benjamin F. Smith. It 
operated in Virginia under Grant, took part 
in the battles of Snicker's Gap, Opequon, 
Fisher's Hill, the Wilderness and Petersburg; 
then joined in the pursuit of Lee. It was 
mustered out June 25, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Slemraons, John P., e. August 22, 1862, disc. May, 1865, 
wounded in the battle of the Wilderness, Va., May 6, 
18C4. 

Toung, M. C, died. 



ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-EIGHTH OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

The One Hundred and Twenty-eighth Ohio 
was organized during the winter of 1863-'64, 
and although a three year.s' organization, 
and ready for any emergency or service, it 
was chiefly occupied within the borders of the 
State at the frontier posts of Johnson's Island 
and Sandusky. It was mustered out July 17, 
1865. 

COMPANY C. 

Carson, SaHuel, e. May 1, 1862, disc. 186.5. 
Corp. Thomas Cody, e. October, 1863, disc. November, 
1865. 

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-NINTH OHIO IN- 
FANTRY. 

This regiment was organized August 10, 
1863, under Col. II. D. John, for six months' 
service, and immediately started for Camp 
Nelson, Ky., where it was brigaded with the 
Eighty-sixth Ohio, another six months' regi- 
ment, the Twenty-second Ohio Battery, and a 
regiment of Tennessee mounted infantry, and 
placed under command of Col. De Courcy, of 
the Sixteenth Ohio. The brigade thus formed 
was incorporated with the Ninth Army Corps, 
and, on the 20th of August, left camp Nelson 
for Cumberland Gap, where it arrived on the 
morning of the 8th of September. The place 
was thus completely invested, Gen. Burnside 
having simultaneously appeared with a force 
on the southeastern side. As our forces ap- 
peared before the main fort in regular line of 
battle, the rebels saluted them with three shells, 
but without damage. This was all the resist- 
ance made to the National advance, excepting 
from the pickets as they were driven into the 
intrenchments. A formal demand being made 
by the National commander for the surrender 
of the post, Gen. Frazier at once acceded, and 
the whole garrison fell into our hands, with the 
exception of a small force of cavalry. The 
fruits of this bloodless victory were over two 
thousand two hundred prisoners, fourteen 
pieces of artillery, and a large amount of war 
material of all kinds. The One Hundred and 
Twenty-ninth Ohio remained at the Gap, en- 
gaged in foraging, scouting, picket duty, etc., 
until the 1st of December, when it was ordered 
to move at daylight, receiving but two hours' 



notice. The regiment marched throMgh Taze- 
well, and in the direction of Clinch River, 
which was reached next day at the point where 
the Knoxville road crosses that stream. At 
this point a sharp engagement was in progress 
with a division of Longstreet's corps. The 
One Hundred and Twenty-ninth was led into 
this engagement, and acquitted themselves in 
a creditable manner. From the 2d until the 
last of December, the regiment was kept c:n- 
stantly moving along the line of Clinch River 
watching the enemy, and occasionally skirmish- 
ing with him. From Tazewell the regiment 
returned to the Gap, where it remained until 
the beginning of February; then it started for 
Camp Nelson. From there it proceeded to 
Ohio, and was mustered out by companies dur- 
ing the month of March. 1864. 

A detachment of fifteen or twenty men were 
recruited in Union County by W. H. Robinson, 
and was assigned to Company G, of the One 
Hundred and Twenty-ninth Ohio. When the 
company organized, William H. Robinson was 
elected Second Lieutenant, and C. L. Robinson 
was appointed Sergeant. 

COM PANT A. 

Biddle, Charles, e. January 12, 1864, disc. February 1, 
1864. 

COMPANY C. 

Rittenhouse, J. H., e. August 8, 1863. 

COMPANY G. 

Second Lieut. William H. Robinson, e. July 20, 1863, disc . 
March 8, 1864. 

Sergeant C. L. Robinson, e. July 21, 1863, disc. March 8, 
1864. 

Corporal J. H. Johnson e. July 21, 1863, died at Cumber- 
land Gap, Va., February 19, 1864. 

Corporal Ormill Pyers, e. July 21, 1863. 

Cody. Thomas, e. July 21, 1863, disc. March 8, 1864. 

Easterday, George, e. July 21, 1863, disc. March 8, 1864. 

Gilchrist, Austin, e. July 22, 1863, disc. March 8, 1864. 

Hyde, Thomas 1$., e. July 21, 1»63, dine. March 8, 1864. 

Harris, Samuel e. July 24, 1863, disc. March 8, 1864. 

Harris, Andrew, e. July 24, 1863, disc. March 8, 1864. 

Williams, C. C, e. July 21, 1863, disc. March 8, 1864. 

Worley, David, e. .luly 21, 1863, disc. March 8, 1864. 



ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-FIRST OHIO NATIONAL 
GUARDS. 

The One Hundred and Thirty-first Ohio was 
organized in May, 1864. under Col. John G. 
Lowe. It reported to Brig. Gen. Morris, at 
Baltimore, and was .assigned to garrison duty 
at Forts McIIenry, Marshall and Federal Hill. 
It was mustered out August 25, 1864. 

COMPANY D. 

Cranston, James, e. May 2,1864, disc. September, 1865. 

ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-SECOND OHIO NA- 
TIONAL GUARDS. 

This regiment was organized in May, 1864, 
under Col. Joel Haines. During its term of 
service it performed fatigue and picket duty at 
White House and Bermuda Hundred, and was 
mustered out on the 27th of August, 1864. 

COMPANY F. 

Wharton, C. H., e. May 2, 1864. Died at Hamdon Hos- 
pital, September 10, 1864. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



611 



COMPANY G. 

Corp. Ralph Moffitt, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 10, 
1864. 

COMPANY I. 

Gordon, J. R., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 18, 1864. 

COMPANY K. 

Corp. John B. Cowgill, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 10, 

1864. 
Bishop, 0. 0., e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septembar 10, 1864. 
Palmer, William H., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 10, 

1864. 
Stokes, Oliver P., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 10, 1864. 
Warner, Miller, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 10, 1864. 



ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-THIRD OHIO NATIONAL 
GUARDS. 

This regiment was mustered into the service 
May 6, 1864, under Col. Gusfavus L. Innis. 
It was ordered to Bermuda Hundred, where it 
operated about Petersburg until July 17, then 
moved to Fort Powhatan. The regiment re- 
turned to Ohio and was mustered out August 
20, 1864. 

COMPANY B. 

Berger, S. R., e. May 2, 1864, disc. August 20, 1864. 

COMPANY D. 

Bulen, W. W., e. May 2, 1864, disc. August 20, 1864. 

COMPANY E. 

Sergt. E. P. Churchman, e. May 2, 1864, disc. August 20, 

1864. 
Taniels, M. N., e. May 2, 18G4, disc. April 20, 1865. 

Died. 

COMPANY K. 

Copelin, 0. D., e. May 2, 1864, disc. August 20, 1864. 
Evans, B. W., e. May 2, 1864, disc. August 20, 1864. 

ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-FOURTH OHIO NA- 
TIONAL OUARDS. 

The One Hundred and Thirty-fourth was 
organized May 6, 1864, for 100 days' service, 
under Col. James B. Armstrong. It moved to 
Virginia, participated in the engagement at 
Port Walthall, and formed a pan of the ad- 
vance line operating on Richmond. It was 
mustered out August 31, 1864. 

COMPANY A. 

Piersol, George, e. May 2, 1864, disc. August 31, 1864. 

COMPANY D. 

Second Lieut. William H. Loveless, e. May 2, 1864, disc. 

August 31, 1864. 
Bur'nham, Ralph, e. May 2, 1864, disc. August 31, 1864. 
Irwin, Francis, e. May 2, 1864, disc. August 31, 1864. 
Lincoln, C. P., e. May 2, 1864, disc. August 31, 1864. 
Martin, Lawrence, e. May 2, 1864, wounded at Peters- 

Imrg, Va., June 27, 1864, disc. August 31, 18C4. 
Mcllvane, James, e. May 2, 1864, disc. August 31, 1864. 
Reams, George, e. May 2, 1864, disc. August 31, 1864. 

COMPANY F. 

Moffitt, William, e. May 2, 1864, disc. August 31, 1864. 

ONK HUNDRED AND THIRTY-FIFTH OHIO NATION- 
AL GUARDS. 

This regiment was organized in May, 1864, 
uiiiier Col. Andrew Legg. and was ordered to 
guard the Baltimore & Oliio Railroad. A part 
of the regiment at North Mountain was rap- 
tured and sent to Andersonville prison. Only 
about one-half lived to return. The remain- 



der of the regiment operated about Harper's 
Ferry until its term of service had expired, 
and was mustered out September 1, 1864. 

COMPANY B. 

Belt, Benjamin, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Park, T. C, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 

COMPANY D. 

Stewart, J. J., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864, 
wounded at Highland Heights. 

COMPANY r. 

Hatch, J. T., e. 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 

COMPANY H. 

Musician James Bird, e. May 2, 1864. Died at Harper's 
Ferry, Va. 



ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-SIXTH OHIO NATIONAL 
GUARDS. 

This regiment was organized at Columbus on 
the 13th of May, 1864, for 100 days' service, 
under Col. Smith Irwin. It at once moved to 
Washington City, where it performed garrison 
duty until the expiration of its term of service. 
The regiment was mustered out on the 30th of 
August, having lost from disease two officers 
and twenty-three men. 

The One Hundred and Thirty-sixth drew 
three full companies from Union County, viz.: 
Companies D, II and K. 

Company D was mustered in with L. D. 
Norveil as Captain ; James Briggs, First Lieu- 
tenant and James Smith, Second Lieutenant. 

Company H, with Charles Fullington as 
Captain; J. B. Richey, First Lieutenant and 
A. D. Reed, Second Lieutenant. 

Company K, A. B. Parmeter as Captain; 
Samuel McAUiater, First Lieutenant, and B. J. 
Lamme, Second Lieutenant. 

Eight of the 274 men from Union County, 
who enlisted in this regiment, died at the hos- 
pitals. 

Surgeon Aaron Boylan, e. May 11,1864, disc. September 
1, 1864. 

COMPANY A. 

Rhoads, M. J., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Rhoads, H. J., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Walke, Isaac, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 

COMPANY B. 

Sergt. William Powers, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Brown, William H., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1 , 

1864. 
Holycross, S. B., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1,1864. 
Kent, George, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Rea, .Joseph W., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1,1864. 
Smith, Reuben I., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Smith, W. S , e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Schade, B., e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septenilier 1, 1864. 
Valentine, James F., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 

COMPANY D. 

Capt. D. L. Norveil, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864. 

First Lieut. James Biggg, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septem- 
ber 1, 1864. 

Second Lieut. James Smith, e. May 2, 1864. Died at 
Alexander Va., September 1, 1864. 

Sergt. Theodore L. Wiswell, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septem- 
ber 1, 1864. 

Sergt. Daniel T. Paul, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864, 

Sergt. David S. Al)bott, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864. 



512 



UNIOJ^ COUNTY 



Sergt. Stephen Shirk, e. May 2, 186-1, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Sergt. William R. Cranston, e. May 2, 1864. Died at 

Alexandria, Va., August 21, 1864. 
Corp. Isarel Carter, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Corp. S. Drake, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Curp. E. Lockwood, e. May 2, 1S64, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Corp. Benjamin Rochell, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 

1,1864. 
Corp. Charles W. Smith, e, May 2,1864, disc. September 1, 

1^64. 
Corp. A. Warner, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Corp. David T. Wilkins e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Musician George W. Suddutb, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Sep- 
tember 1, 1864. 
Musician Timothy Middleton, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Sep- 
tember 1, 1864. 
Wagoner S. J. Sterling, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Argo, David, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Bowen, Lewis, e. May 2, 1864. Died in hospital at Alex- 
andria, Va. 
Brooks, Nathaniel, e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Brillhart, Abraham, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Brown, William H., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Brake, Elon, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septi-mber 1, 1864. 
Brigham. Putman, e. May 2, 1864, disc, September 1, 1864. 
Ballinger, Lemuel, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1,1864. 
Berrj', Preston, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Brown, Lewis, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Brown, John C, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Basel, Adam, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Cranston, James, e.May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Converse, Samuel L., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Cratty, William P., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Christ, A. C, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Drake, A. C, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Dillon, A. H., e. May 2, 1864, itisc. September 1, 1864. 
Dobbins, William, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Evans, Joseph P., e. May 2, 1804. dis •. September 1, 1864. 
Fox, George W., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Flickinger, Harvey, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Gleason, N, R.. e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Green, Robert B., May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Hosack, John, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Hosack, William, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Hollowiiy, William, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Herd, William H., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1804. 
Herd, Hiram !>., e. May 2. 1864. disc. September 1, 1804. 
Herington, D. H., e. May 2. 1864, disc, September 1, 1804. 
Herington, 0. E., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Jackson, William F., e. May'ii, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Jenkins, Isaiah, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Jones, Andrew K., e. Slay 2, 1804, died near Washington, 

D. C, September 1, 1864. 
Johnson, Griffin, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Konkle, Abraham, e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1,1861. 
Licber, John, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Lockwood, Oliver, e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Lockwood, D. B., e. May 2, 1864, disc. S.piember 1, 1864. 
Lockwood, I. 0., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Maris, Jesse, e. May 2, 1864, di^c, September 1, 1864. 
Middleton, D. W., o. May 2, 1864, di-c. September 1, 1864. 
Myers, Michael, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
McCrary, William T., e. May 2, 1864, disc, September 1, 

1864. 
Newland, Isaac, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Norviel, Joshua, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Perkins, William, e. Jlay 2, ISOt, disc. September 1,1804. 
Perkins, Michael, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Keynidds, V., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Ralston, .John, e. May 2, 1864, di'-d in Hospital at Alex- 

dria, Va., August, 1864. 
Sevryn, Jiimes Y., e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1. 186J. 
Smith, Harvey, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Smith, Calvin, e. May" 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Smith, James W., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Smith, Robert B., e. May 2, 1804, disc, Sejitember 1, 1864, 
Scott, Gabriel, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1804. 
Shirk, John H., e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 18()4. 
Shirk. John, e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1804. 
Stults, Henry N., e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1864. 



Spanks, Charles F., e. May 2, 1804, died at Washington, 

D. C, September I, 1864. 
Smith, James, e. May 2, 1804, disc. August 11, 1804. 
Taylor, James, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1(^04. 
Thompson, M., e. May 2, ISOI, disc. September 1, 1804. 
Thompson, George F., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Thompson, D. W., e. May 2, 1861, di-io. September 1, 1864, 
Turner, Fjanklin,e. May 2, 1864, disc. September i, 1864. 
Wilson, John F., e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Wood, John, p. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Wheeler, T. J., e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Wells, Elisha, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1804. 

COMPANY F. 

Hoover, Samuel, e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1804, 

died October 14, 1873. 
McCrackin, George, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1 , 1864. 

COMPANY a. 
Davis, T. J. e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1804. 

COMPANY H. 

Capt. Charles FuUington, e. May 2, 1804, disc. Septem- 
ber 1, 1804. 

First Lieut. J. B. llitchey, e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 
1, 1864. 

Second Lieut. A. D. Reed, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septem- 
ber 1, 1804. 

Sergt. French Garwood, e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 
1804. 

Sergt. Isaac Marsh, e. May 2, 1802, disc. September 1, 
1864. 

Sergt. W. Q. Porter, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1 , 
1804. 

Sergt. William M. Winget, e. May 2, 1804, disc. Septem- 
ber 1, 1864. 

Sergt. Wilson Young, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864. 

Corp. Aaron Boylan, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septembtr 1, 
1864. 

Corp. Joseph Davis, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1 
1864. 

Corp. O. Griswold, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 

Corp. J. Hammond, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864. 

Corp. Joseph Haltsman. e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 
1, 1804. 

Corp. V. G. Hush, e. May 2, 1864, disc .September 1, 
1864. 

Corp. Harrison Miller, e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 
1864 

Corp. Owen Wilber, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864. 

Musician W. C. Burrows, e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 
1, 1804. 

Musician C. B. Holycross, e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 
1, 1804. 

Musician S. M. Richmond, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septem- 
ber 1, 1864. 

Watroner Thomas Reed, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1804. 

Burnham, H. (;., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1804, 
died at home, December 15, 1804. 

Beck, 0. J., e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1864. 

Beck, Thomas M.", e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1864. 

Bland, Peter, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 

Blake, N. M., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 

BlaUe, Moses, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 

Burrows, L. K., e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1804. 

Battees, J. C., e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1864. 

Blackburn, J. N., e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1864. 

Child, L. B , e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 

Cassil, James, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Seprember 1, 1864. 

Carter, John W., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864 

Doty, J. M., e. Jlay 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 

Davis, Alexander, e. May 2, 1804, di:*c. September 1, 1861. 

Davis, Geo'ge, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septi-mber 1, 1864. 

Elliott, J. M., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 

Foote, E. B., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 

Flowers, John, e. May 2, 1864 disc. September 1, 1864. 

Freshwater, A., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1804. 

Freshwater, R., e. Blay 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1804. 

Gill, W. M., e. May 2,"l804, disc. September 1, 1804. 

Graham, F. M., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864 

Graham, Christian, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September I, 
1864 

Graham, Phineas, e. May 2, 18f.4, disc. September 1, 1864. 

Hopkins, Asa, e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1864. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



613 



Haney, J., e. May 2, 186t, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Hathaway, Benjamin, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Hallbrook, Jacob, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Hunt, B., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1804. 
Hendei-flon, G. D , e. 3Iay 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Irwin, S. L., e. May 2. 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Irwin, Robert, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864 
Irwin, Thomas, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Jenkins, J. H., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Leonard, M., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864, died 

September 11, 1877. 
Lane, Isaiah, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Longbrake, G. W., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
McGinnis, George, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
McClound, James, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
McGill, Timotliy, e. May 2. 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
McWilliams, Robert, 6. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Moody, Andrew, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1. 1864. 
Marsh, E. C, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Morse, R. G., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Mears, J. W., e. May 2, 1864. disc. September 1, 1864. 
Phipps, A. W., e. May 2, 1864. di.sc. September 1, 1864. 
Peck, J. D., e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septemlier 1, 1864. 
Russell, J., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Richey, .1. li., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Reed, Allen, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Reed, William M., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1,1864. 
Robinson, W. C, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Robinson, W. M., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Ryan, Nathaniel, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septeml)er 1, 1864. 
Rodgers. J. H., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1. 1864. 
Suthwick, R., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Snodgrass, Silas, e. May 2, 1861, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Smith, A., e. May 2. 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Stewart, A., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Strieker, T. H., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Wilber, George, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Wilber, Edward, e. May 2,1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Williams. John, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1S64. 
Walk, Isaac, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Walk. Cornelius, e. Mav 2, 18G4, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Wilkins, B., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Wright, G. W., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Young, Wilson, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 

COMPANY K. 

Capt. A. B. Parmeter, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864. 

First Lieut. Samuel McAllister, e. May 2, 1864, disc. 
September 1. 1864. 

Second Lieut. B. J. Lamme, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septem- 
ber 1, 1864. 

Sergt. William B. Dunfee, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 
1,1864. 

Sergt William Green, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864. 

Sergt. James Guy, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864. 

Sergt. W. F. H. Pennington, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septem- 
ber 1, 1864. 

Corp. J. L. Adams, e. May 2. 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864. 

Corp. T. G. Case, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 

Corp Isaac D. Mapes, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864. 

Corp David McCune, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864. 

Corp John T. McCullough, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septem- 
ber 1, 1864. 

Corp. B. B. McGowen, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864. 

Corp. Reuben Savage, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864. 

Corp. Georae W. Stephens, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septem- 
ber 1, 18U4. 

Musician George R. Anderson, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Sep- 
tember 1, 1864. 

Musician William K. Baxter, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Sep- 
tember 1, 1864. 

Wagoner Edward Adams, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 
1, 1864. 

Allen, James P., e May 2, 1864, disc. Sept' mber 1, 1864. 

Bailey, John, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 

Bailey, William L , e. Mav 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 
1864. 

Bidwell, Joseph, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1,1864. 

Bowers, John W., e. May 2, 1804, disc. September 1, 1864. 



Britton, Warren, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864 
Barnes, William, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Case, P. A., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Chapman, James F., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Cooperider, E., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Conklin, J. S., e. May 2 1864, disc. Sentember 1. 1864. 
Croy, William W., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Croy, James R., e. May 2. 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Carpenter, Jesse R., e. Mav 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Duvall, Hamlet, e. May 2, 1864, died September 1, 1864. 
Dockum, L. A., e. Mav 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864 
Dull, Francis W., e. May 2, 1864, dis. September 1. 1864. 
Douglas, John, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Guy, John, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Guy, Marshall, e. May 2, 1864, ^isc. September 1, 1864 
Guy, James A., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1861. 
Hoffman, George W., e. Mav 2, 1864, disc. September 1 , 

1864. 
Holycross, A. M., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Holycross. S. B., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Harris, William, e. May 2,1864, disc. September 1, 1^64. 
Kei.t, William, e. May 2, 1864, disc, September 1, 1864. 
Kent, Marion, e. May 2, 1864, disc, September 1, 1864. 
Kahler, Henry, e. May 2, 1864, disc, September 1, 1864. 
Lockwood, D. A., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1. 1864. 
La Rue, James, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Mitchell, Elijah, e. Mav 2, 1864, disc September 1, 1864. 
Mitchell, E. D., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864, 
Mapes, Edward, e. May 2. 1864, disc. September 1, 1861 
Martin. William, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Miller, George, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864, 
McCnne, Zachariah, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
McCullough. H. 0., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
McCloud, J. C, e. May 2, 1864, disc, September 1, 1864. 
McFarland, John. e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864. 
Neff, Henrv, e. May 2,1864,di.sc September 1, 1864, 
Nunemaker.S. S., e. May 2, 1864, disc, September 1, 1864. 
Polen, William, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 181.5. 
Preston, M. A., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1865. 
Robinson, James C, e. May 2, 1864, disc. Septemtier 1, 

1865. 
Rittenhouse,T. C, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1865. 
Ruehlen, Jacob, e May 2, 1864, disc. September 1,1865, 
Ralston, John C, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1865. 
Skeels, S. M., e. Mav 2. 1864, disc. September 1, 1865. 
Scott, J. M., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1865. 
Slattry, Patrick, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1865 
Sager, David, e. May 2", 1864, disc. September 1, 1865. 
Tarpening, Ira, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1865. 
Van Gordon, S. T., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Wilcox, William, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1. 

1864. 
Walke, George, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864 
Windall, Jacob, e. May 2, 1864. disc. September 1, 1864, 
Windall, J. H., e. May 2. 1864, disc. September 1, 1864, 
Warner, Isaac H., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1 864. 
Wolford, John H., e. Mav 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Worthington, J. K., e. May 2. 1864, disc. September 1, 

1864. 
Welsh, L. A., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September I, 1864. 
Wolford, D. C, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864 
Wilkins, Charles, e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864 
Wilkins, L. A., e. May 2, 1864, disc. September 1, 1864, 



ONE HlIi\M>RED AND FORTY-FIR.ST OHIO N.^TION.AL 
GITAED. 

This regiment was organized May 11, 1864, 
under Col. Anderson L. Jaynes. It reported 
at Charleston, W. Va., and was ordered to guard 
the line from Guyandotte to Charleston. It 
remained on this line until the expiration of 
its term of service, when it returned to Ohio, 
and was mustered out September 3, 1864. 

COMPANY E, 

Cherington, T. J., e. May 11, 1864, disc. September 3, 
1864. 



614 



UNION COUNTY 



ONE HUNDRED AND FORTYSECOND OHIO 

NATIONAL GUARD. ! 

This regiment was organized Jlay 12, 1864, 
under Col. William C. Cooper. After operating 
near Washington City until June 5, it was or- ■ 
dered to the front to guard supply trains t 
through the Wilderness It served in front of 
Petersburg until August 19, when it was or- I 
dered home, and was mustered out September : 
2, 1864. 

COMPANY O. 

Nash, C. e. May 11, 1864, disc. September 3, 1864. 



ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-FOURTH OHIO 
NATIONAL GUARD. 

This regiment was organized May 11, 1864, 
under Col. Samuel H. Hunt. It reported to 
Gen. Morris, at Fort McHenry. A portion of 
the regiment was in the engagement at Mo- 
nocacy Junction, and suffered severely. In July, 
it moved toward the Shenandoah Valley, and 
on the IBth of August was attacked by the en- 
emy while guarding a train at Berryville, Va. 
It was mustered out August 31, 1864. 

COMPANY B. 

Moody, Robert, e. May 11, 1864, killed at Murfreesboro 
Tenn. 

COMPANY F. 

McXeal, J. I., e. May 11, 1864, disc. August 31, 1864. 



OXE HtrNDRED AND FORTY-FIFTH OHIO NATIONAL 
GUARD. 

This regiment was organized May 10, 1864, 
under Col. Henry C. Ashwell. It reported to 
Gen. Augur, at Washington, and was assigned 
as Garrison for the southern defenses of that 
city, on Arlington Heights. It was mustered 
out August 23, 1864. 

COMPANY A. 

First Lieut. Hugh J. Pnrry, e. May 10, 1864, disc. August 

23, 1864. 
Dilsdvor, George T., e. May 10, 1864, disc. August 23, 

1864. 
Powell, Joseph, e. May lf», 1864, disc. August 23, 1864. 
Stults, C , e. May 10. 1864, disc. August 23, 1864. 
Williams, T. J., e. May 10, 1864, disc. August 23, 1864. 

COMPANY D. 

Riley, J„ e. May 10, 1864, disc. August 23, 1864 . 

COMPANY K. 

Bowersmith, .lacob, e. Blay Ul, 1864, disc. August 23,1864. 



ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-SIXTH OHIO NATIONAL 
GUARD. 

This regiment was organized in May, 1864, 
under Col. Harvey Crampton. It performed 
garrison duty it Fayetteville until the expira- 
tion of its term of service. It was mustered 
out September 7, 18i')4. 

COMPANY G. 

Loudvs, William, o. May 11, 1864, disc. September 7, 1864. 



ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-EIGHTH OHIO NATONAL 
GUARD. 

This regiment was organized May 18, 1864, 
under Col. Thomas W. Moore. It served un- 
der Gen. Butler at Bermuda Hundred and at 
City Point until the last of August, when it 
returned to Ohio, and was mustered out Sep- 
tember 14, 1864. 

COMPANY E. 

Wilcox, J. W., 8. June 1, 1864, disc September 14, 1864. 

ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-FOURTH OHIO 
NATIONAL GUARD. 

This regiment was organized May 9, 18^i4, 
under Col. Robert Stevenson. During its term 
of service it operated in the vicinity of New 
Creek and Greenland Gap, Va. It was mus- 
tered out on the 1st of September, 1864. 

COMPANY C. 

Randall, J. H., e. May 9, 1864, disc. September^l, 1864. 

ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-NINTH OHIO NATIONAL 
GUARD. 

This regiment was organized May 11, 1864, 
under Col. Lyman J. Jackson. It reported to 
Gen. Lew Wallace, and was assign»d to the 
northern defenses of Baltimore. A portion of 
the regiment was mouiued, and took an active 
part at Monocacy. It was mu'^tere*! out Au- 
gust 24, 1864. 

COMPANY D. 

Flesher, George W., e. May 11,1864, disc. August 17, 
1864. 

COMPANY G. 

Moore, W. W., e May 11, 1864, disc. August 17, 1864. 

ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-THIRD OHIO NATIONAL 
GUARD, 

This regiment was organized May 12, 1864, 
under Col. Hiram Miller, It served at Wash 
ington until June 8, when it move<l to White 
House, Va,, anil thence to Bermuda Hundred. 
It was engaged in skirmishing (in the .lames 
River, and as.sisted in building Fort I'ocalion 
tas. It was mostered out f^epiember 10, ]8'i4, 

COMPANY p. 
McCune, James M., e. May 12 1864, di^c, September 10, 
1864. 

ONE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-.MNTH OHIO NATIONVL 
GU.ARL, 

This regiment was organized ay 19, 1864, 
under (^ol. Nathaniel Haynes, and at once 
moved to Washing' on < ity, where it remained 
on duty during its term of service. It was 
mustered out September 4, 1864. 

COMPANY E. 

Dyer, H., e. May 2, 1804, di=c September 4, 1864. 

ONE HUNDRED AND SKVENTY-FIRST ()HI'> NATIONAL 
GUARD. 

This regiment wUs organized May 7, 1864. 
under Col. Joel F. Asper. It was engaged in 
guard and fatigue duty at Johnson's Island 







^>^^^^^'^<^^^=^^^ ^^ 



MILITARY RECORD. 



517 



until June 9, when it moved to Kentucky. It 
met with Morgan's command and after a des- 
perate struggle was obliged to surrender. The 
men were soon paroled and returned to John- 
son's Island. The regiment was mustered out 
August 20, 1864. 

COMPANY C. 

Everotts, Henry E,, e. May 7, 1864, disc. August 20, 1864. 



ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized September 18, 
1864, for one year's service, under Col. John 
H. Hurd. It moved to Nashville immedi- 
ately after muster in, where it performed 
guard duty until Hood's invasion, when it took 
an active part in the trenches and in the sup- 
port of batteries. 

The regiment operated in Tennessee until its 
term of service expired, when it was mustered 
out, on the 28th of June, and after reaching 
Ohio, was discharged at Camp Dennison, on 
the 5th of July, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

McGinnis, Andrew, e. September 18, 1864, disc. July 5, 
1865. 



ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-FOURTH OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

Under the President's call of July, 1864, for 
troops to serve for one year, two full com- 
panies were recruited in Union County. Leav- 
ing Marysville for Camp Chase on the 31st of 
August, they were assigned as Companies B 
and C, of the One Hundred and Seventy- fourth 
Ohio Infantry. 

The original commissioned ofi5cers of Com- 
pany B were U. D. Cole, Captain ; Peter Hill, 
First Lieutenant, and George Harriman, 
Second Lieutenant. During its term of serv- 
ice, this company lost five killed in battle, six 
wounded, and twelve died in hospitals. 

Company C was mustered in under the fol- 
lowing commissioned otScers : William H. 
Robb, Captain ; W. B. Brown, First Lieuten- 
ant, and Joseph Swartz, Second Lieutenant. 

Capt. Robb was discharged on account of 
wounds received at Murfreesboro, and Lieut. 
Brown was then promoted Captain, and was in 
command of the company until wounded at 
Kingston, March 10, 1865, after which the 
command devolved on Lieut. T. B. Myers. 

Company C lost eight of its members on the 
field and in the hospitals, and fourteen wounded. 
Union County was represented among the field 
and stafi" officers of this regiment by A. J. 
Sterling, who served as Lieutenant Colonel 
from the organization of the regiment until its 
muster out. 

The One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Ohio 
was organized September 21, 1864, under Col. 
John S. Jones, and, on the 23d, left Ohio for 
Nashville, Tenu., to report to Maj. Gen. W. 
T. Sherman, then commanding the Military 



Division of the Mississippi. On arrival at 
Nashville, orders were received to proceed to 
Murfreesboro, which was then threatened by 
Forrest's rebel cavalry. 

The regiment remained at Murfreesboro un- 
til October 27, when it moved to Decatur, Ala., 
and assisted in defending that garrison from 
an attack made by Hood's advance. After a 
movement to the mouth of Elk Creek and back 
again, the One Hundred and Seventy-fourth 
remained at Decatur, until recalled to Mur- 
freesboro to participate in the investment of 
that stronghold. It took an active and promi- 
nent part in the battle at Overalls's Creek, los- 
ing two officers wounded, six men killed, and 
thirty-eight wounded. 

After this engagement the regiment was or- 
dered on dress-parade and complimented in 
person by Gen. Rousseau for their gallantry. 
In the battle of the Cedars, it again distin- 
guished itself by making a charge on the en- 
emy's breastworks and capturing two cannons, 
a stand of rebel colors, belonging to the First 
and Fourth Florida, and about two hundred 
prisoners. The regiment lost in this engage- 
ment one commissioned officer killed and seven 
wounded ; four men killed and twenty-two 
wounded. It was complimented in general or- 
ders for its conduct on this occasion. 

After having participated in all the fighting 
around Murfreesboro, the One Hundred and 
Seventy-fourth joined the Twenty -third Army 
Corps at Columbia, Tenn., and was assigned to 
the First Brigade, First Division of that corps. 
In January, 1865, it moved to AVashington 
City, where it remained in camp until Februery 
21, then proceeded to North Carolina, and, 
joining the forces under Gen. 'Cox, took a con- 
spicuous part in the battle of Five Forks, at 
Kingston. 

On the 10th of March it successfully re- 
sisted a fierce attack made by Gen. Hoke. It 
lost two officers wounded, four men killed and 
twenty-three wounded. 

This was the last battle in which the regi- 
ment was engaged. It joined Sherman's forces 
at Goldsboro, and served under Gen. Schofield 
at Wadesboro, N. C, until mustered out at 
Charlotte, June 28, then returning to Colum- 
bus, Ohio, it was paid off, and discharged July 
7, 1865. 

Lieut. Col. A. J. Sterling, e. September 5, 1864, disc. July 
7, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Capt. U. D. Cole, e. September 1, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
First Lieut. Peter Hill, e. September, 1864, disc. May 16, 

1865. 
Second Lieut. George Harriman, e. September 7, 1864, 

disc. June 28, 1865, wd. 
Sergt. Richard Buelot, e. August 29, 1864, disc. June 28, 

3 865. 
Sergt. R. M. Fields, e. August 5, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Sergt. Solomon Heasley, e. August 20, 1864, disc. June 

28, 1865. 
Sergt. Andrew McGinnis, e. August 16, 1864, disc. June 

28, 1865. 
Sergt. George W. Snodgrass, e. August 20, 1864, disc. 

June 28, 1865. 
Sergt. David Wood, e. August 29, ls64, disc. June 28, 

1865. 



518 



UNION COUNTY 



Corp. Koliei t E. Benson, e. August 29, 1864, disc. June 28, 

.865. 
Corp. Jeremiah Cole, e. August 20, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Corp. John Harris, e. August 29. 1864, disc. June 28,1865, 

wounded at " The Battle of the Cedars, Tenn.," Decem- 
ber 7, 1864. 
Corp. Alexander S. Hornbeck, e. July 25, 1864, disc. June 

28, 1865. 
Corp. John Lister, e. August 16, 1864, disc. June 28,1865. 
Corp. H. C. Moffitt, e. August 3, 1864, disc. June 28, 1S65. 
Corp. John A. Koach, e. August 16, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Corp. A. J. Sellers, e. August 20, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Musician R. B. O'Harra. e. August 24, 1864. 
Allen, Homer, e. September 1, 1864, killed at Kingston, 

N. C, March 14, 1865. 
Allen, Hiram, e. September 1, 1864, diec. June 28, 1865. 
Atha, Washington, e. August 26, 1864. 
Adanist-n, C. W., e. August 9, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Beach, Amos, e. August 16, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Benson, John, August 19, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Bosh, Thomas C, e. August 8, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Bushong, Milton, e. September 1, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Busbong, John, e. August 3, 1864, dine. February 12, 1865. 
Berry, John L., e. August 15, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Berry, Jo^ii^h, e. August 16, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Brown, William, e. August 31, 1864, died in hospital. 
Binson, William, e. August 29,1864, disc. June 6, 1865, 

wounded at Kingston, N. C, March 10, 1865. 
Brown, M., e. August 31, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Brown, Silas, e. August 31, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865, 

wounded at Kingston, N. C, March 10, 1865. 
Brown, Vincent, e. September 1, 1864. 
Brown, John, e. August 30, 1864, disc. June 28,1865. 
Crawford, Edward, e. August 16, 1864, died at Wash- 
ington, D. C, February 15, 1865. 
Cassiday, George, e. August 8, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Carter, James H., e. July 27, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Clark, J. W., e. September 18, 1864 disc. June 28, 1865. 
Cartmell, T. J., e. September 20, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Crabtree, Matthew, e. August 15, 1864, disc. July 7, 1865. 
Debolt, M., e. September 8, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865, 

wounded at Kingston, N. C March 10, 1865. 
Dunham, A. D., e. August 16, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Dobbins, William, e. September 1, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Dickinson, T. K.. e. August 16, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Edwards, G. C, e. August 20, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Everiugham, S. S., e. August 3, 1864, died at Murfrees- 

boro, Tenn., February 10, 1865. 
Ford, H. C, e. July 25, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Foster, M. AV., e. August 30, 1864, disc June 28, 1865. 
Figley, Kobert, e. August 16, 1864, disc. May 25, 1865. 
Foote, A. J., e. September 1, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Gray, Wesley, e. August 8, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Godfrey, William A., e. August 26, 1864, disc. June 28 

1865. ' 

Gandy, Abijah, e. August 29, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Hartman, John, e. September 8, 1864, died at Washing- 
ton, D. C„ February 1, 1865. 
Hemminger, James, e. August 15, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Hemniinger, N., e. August 18, ]864. 
James. C. H., e July 27, 1864. disc. June 28, 1865. 
Jones. Samuel, e. July 26, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Johnson, Joseph, e. August 30, 1864, died at Murfrees- 

boro, Tenn., Januarv 1, 1865. 
Johuson, Silas, e. July 27, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
King, Michael, e. September 17, 1864. 
King, John, e. August 16, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Lawsun, F. H., e. August 2, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Livingston, George W., e. August 6, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865, died at Soldiers' Home, Dayton, Ohio. 
Livingston, John J., e. August 11, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Lallev, John, e. September 17, 1864. 

Lansdown,R. P., e. .August 20, 1864. disc. June, 28, 1865. 
Loring, William, e. August 23, 1864, disc. May 22, 1865. 
Leslie, S. D., e. August 26, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Mobley, Isaac, e. August 9, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Mobley, John, e. August 9, 1864. Died at Nashville, 

Tenn. 
Melching, William, e. August 20, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
McQuean, James, e. September 8, 1864. 
McMuUen, A., e. September 20, 1864. 
Mcllrov, John H., e. August 30, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
McNier, P. H., e. September 3, 1864, disc. May 31, 1865, 



Miller, Jacob, e. August 17, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Died at Kichwood. 

Mullen, Lafayette, e. August 20, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Mitchell, Albert, e. August 3, 1864. Killed at Overall* 
Creek, Tenn., December 4, 1864. 

Minshall, Ellis, e. Septemb?r 1, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Murphy, James G., e. August 16, 1864, disc. June 28, 
1865. 

Moody, Robert, e. September 2, 1864. Killed in " the bat- 
tle ot the Cedars," Tenn., December 7, 1864. 

Mnlvaine, Daniel, e. August 30, 1864. Killed at Kings- 
ton, N. C, March 10, 1865.' 

Neal, A. D., e. August 6, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. Died 
at Richwood, 1868. 

Oliver, James, e. August 29, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Oliver, William, e. August 29, 1864. 

Potts, William, e. August 16, 1864. Died at Nashville, 
Tenn., January 26, 1865. 

Peijrse, Wesley, e. August 3, 1864. Died at Nashville, 
Tenn., April 22, 1865. 

Robertson, E., e. Augustie, 1864, disc. June 23, 1865. 

Boss, John A., e. August 16, 1864, disc. June 7, 1865. 

Swank, T. L., e. September 6, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Simpson, Solomon, e. September 1, 1864. Died at Louis- 
ville, Ky., June 26, 1805. 

Spinning, -■Vlbert, e. August 16, 1864. 

Speese, George W., e. July 31, 1S64, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Spicer, Joseph, e. August 20, 18G4. Died at Murfeesboro, 
Tenn., January 12, 1865. 

Spicer, William W., e. August 16. 1864, disc. June 28, 
1865. Wounded in "the battle of the Cedars," Tenn.. 
December 7, 1864. 

Sparks, James, e. September 1, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Spratt, A. J., e. August 24, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Wood, Wiiliam, e. July 26, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Winters, T. J., e. July 27, 1864, disc. June 14, 1865. 

Welsh, Franklin, e. August 20, 1864. Killed at Kingston, 
March 10, 1865. 

Wells, Levi, e. August 20, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Woolly, John, e. June 30, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 

COMPANY C. 

Capt. William H. Robb, e. September 6, 1864, disc. May 

12, 1865. Wounded at Murfeesboro, Tenn., December 

7, 1864. 
First Lieut. William B. Brown, e, Augwst 15, 1864, disc. 

July 7, 1865. Wounded at Kingston, N. C, March lo, 

1865 ; left arm amputated. 
Second Lieut. Joseph Swartz, e. August 20, 1864, disc. 

June 28, 1865. Wounded at Murfreesboro, Tenn., 

December 7, 1864 ; since died. 
Sergt. V. F. Collier, e. Angust 20, 1864, disc. May 26, 

1865. Wounded at Overall's Creek, Tenn., December 

4, 1864. 
Sergt. J C. Marshall, e. August 11, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Sergt. J. S. Newcomb, e. September 13, 1864, disc. May 29, 

1865. Died since the war. 
Sergt. A. M. Sherwood, e. August 29, 1864, disc. June 

28, 1865. Wounded at Overall's Creek, Tenn., Decem- 
ber 4, 1864. 
Sergt. Charles H. Webster, e. August, 20, 1864, disc. June 

28, 1865. 
Corp. C. M. Adams, e. August 30, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Corp. John M. DoUison, e. August 3, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Corp. John Hudson, e. September 1, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Corp. John W. Lynn, e. September 1, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Corp. John Reed, e. September 2, 1864, disc. June 28. 

1865. 
Corp. C. J. Sayre,e. August 2, 1864, disc. June 28, 186.5. 
Corp. Greenbery Shipley, e. August 4, 1864, disc. June 

28, 1865. Wounded in " battle of the Cedars," Tenn., 

December 7,1864. 
Corp. J. P. Winget, e. August 4, 1864, disc. May 16, 1865. 
Corp. George C. Woodruff, e. August 20, 1864. Killed at 

Kingston, N. C. March 10, 1865. 
Musician Z. T. Alexander, e. August 29, 1864, disc. June 

28, 1865. 
Musician Henry A. Myers, e. August 20, 1864, disc. June 

28, 1865. 
Musician B. E. Tucker, e, August 20, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Hostler T. H. Moore, e. August 20, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Argo, Andrew, e. August 21, 1864. Died at Charlotte, N. 

C, June 17, 1865. 



MILTTAR7 RECORD. 



519 



Browning, W. J., e. August 3, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Bell, E. B., e. August 22, 1864, disc. June 16, 1865. 
Bowie, B. C, e. September 1, 1864, disc. May 29, 1865. 
Burrows, William F., e. August 8, 1864, disc. June 7, 

1865. 
Crawford, John, e. August 22, 1864, disc. June 14, 1865. 
Caryl, A. L., e. August 3. 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Coffinburger, S. B., e. September 5, 1864, disc. July 7, 

1865. 
Danforth, Hiram, e. August 2, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Died since the war. 
EverettB, H. E., e. August 20, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Gill, Frank L., e. August 20, 18(J4, disc. June 28, 1865. 

Wounded at Decatur, Ala. November, 1864. 
Hager, 1). B., e. August 22, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Hornbeck, C. H., e. August 17, 1864, disc. May 30, 1865. 
Hodglen, Henry, e. August 20, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Hamler, John, e. August 24, 1864, died at New Berne, N. 

C, May 27, 1865. 
Hamler, leaac, e. August 24, 1864, died in hospital at 

Murfreesboro, Tenn., December 24, 1864. 
Ingman, C. M., e. September 3, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Isaac. John, e. September 14, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Knachel, Joseph, e. September 20, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Lee, J. T., e. September 17, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Laugstaff, L., e. July 26, 1864, disc. May 30, 1865. 
Livingston, William, e. August 20, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Livingston, S. P., e. September 1, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Langstaff, Asa, e. August 20, 1864, disc. May 30, 1865. 
Long, T. F., e. September 4, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Little, David D., e. September 20, 1864, disc. July 18, 

1865. 
Lynn, John W., e. September 1, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Lemon, William A., e. August 19, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Mallory, M. E., e. September 3. 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Mather, 0. B., e. September 6, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Michael, John H., e. August 6, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Meek, Eli, e. August 18, 1864, disc. June 3, 1865. 
Munnell, George W., e. August 12, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Moody, James, e. August 31. 1864. 
Mallory, M. G., e. August 20, 1864, died in hospital at 

Murfreesboro, Tenn., December 25, 1864. 
McDowell, A., e. August 22, 18P4. 
McAllister, Nelson, e. August 20, 1864, died at Goldsboro, 

N. C, April 10, 1865. 
McKitrick, D. F., e. September 3, 1864, disc. May 22, 

1865. 
McCloud, E. B., e. September 3, 1864, disc. May 23, 1865. 
Newlove, Brown, e. September 1, 1864, disc. July 7, 1865, 

wounded in battle of the Cedars, Tennessee. 
Orahood, Hiram, e. August 23, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Orahood, Keuben, e. August 22, 1864. Disc. June 28, 1865. 

Died since the war. 
Perry, A. T., e. August 14, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865, 

wounded at Overall's Creek, Tenn., December 4, 1864. 
Perry, Ezra, e. September 3, 1864, disc. July 7, 1865, 

wounded at Overall's Creek, Tenn., December 4, 1864. 

Died since the war. 
Perry, Charles W., e. September 22, 1864, disc. July 7, 

1865. 
Roberts, J. S., e. September 1, 1864, disc. June 16, 1865. 
Rice, John H., e. September 5, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Reed, R. M., e. August 14, 1864, disc. June 28,1865,. 

wounded at Overall's Creek. Tenn. 
Spain, John W., e. August 24, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Snowden, S. H., e. August 20, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Stevens, L. A., e. August 22, 1864, killed at Kingston, N. 

C, March 10, 1865. 
Safford. D. L., e. August 27. 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Scott, Isaac, e. August 11, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865, 

wounded at Overall's Creek, Tenn. 
Sands, Almeron, e. August 22, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Sheets, John, e. September 1, 1864, disc, June 28, 1865. 

Died since the war. 
Snider, H. L., e. August 22, 1864, disc June 28, 1865. 
Smith, Elijah, e. Septcmbf-r 1, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Swiger, Joseph, e. September 21, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Snider, Frederick, e. September 5, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865. 
Sherwood, A. B., e. August 31, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Turner, Robert, e. August 4, 1864, disc. May 27, 1865. 
Taylor, J. A., e. September 3. 1804, disc. June 16, 1865. 



Vaneant, J. D., e. September 3, 1864, disc. June 2, 186.'), 

wounded iu battle of the Cedars, December 7, 1864, 

died in autumn of 1882. 
Wurtsbaugh, D. H., e. August 24, 1864, disc. June 17 

1865. 
Wurtsbaugh, J. W., e. August 14, 1864, disc. June 28 

1805. 
Wurtsbaugh, T. F., e. August 24, 1864, disc. May 29 

1865. 
Webster, C. W., e. August 20, 1864. disc. June 28, 1865. 
Winget, W. C, e. August 3, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Wheatley, William B., e. August 31, 1864, disc. June 28, 

1865, wounded at Murfreesboro, Tenn. 
Wolford, William, e. August 16, 1864, died in hospital at 

Murfreesboro, Tenn., December 6, 1864. 
Wells, M. W., e. September 17, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Wells, Ambrose, e, September 3, 1864, disc. June 28 

1865. 
Zuch, William H., e. August 20, 1864, disc. June 28 

1865. 

COWPAKY H. 

Browning, 0. D., e. September 5, 1864, disc. June 28 

1865. 
Debolt, Jackson, e. September 2, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Finch, H. W., September 13, 1864, disc, June 28, 1865. 

COMPANY I. 

Blue, Adam, e. September 12, 18C4, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Landon, S. M., e, August 16, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865, 

wounded at Kingston, N. C. 
Price, John, e. September 12, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 
Bodgers, Napoleon, e. September 7, 1864, disc. June 28 

1865. 
Vestal, M., e. September 7, 1864, disc. June 28, 1865. 



ONE HUNDRED AND .SEVENTY-FIFTH OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized October 11, 
1864. It entered the field in Tennessee and 
performed garrison duty during Hood's inva- 
sion. It took a prominent part in the engage- 
ment at Franklin, and remained in Fort Neg- 
ley during the battle of Nashville, then moved 
to Columbia and guarded railroads until mus- 
tered out, July 13, 1865. 

COMPANY D. 

Yigor, John H., e, October 11, 1864; killed. 

COMPANY r. 

Atkinson, S. W., e. October 11, 1864, disc. July 13, 1865. 
Buckner, James E., e. October 11, 1864: disc, July 13, 

1865. 
Dillon, H,, e, October, 1864, 



ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-SIXTH OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized September 21, 
1864, for the term of one year, under Col. Ed- 
win C. Mason. It served in Tennessee, and 
was in the works during the siege and battle 
of Nashville. It was mustered out June 18, 
1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Wells, David E., e, August, 1864; died. 

COMPANY E. 

Stoop, I,, e, August, 1864 ; disc. June 16, 1865. 
Longberry, H,, e, August, 1864; disc, June 18, 1865. 
Stillings, Lewis, e, August, 1864; died. 

ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-EIGHTH OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized in the fall of 
1864, under Col, Joab A. Stafford. It reported 
to Gen. Thomas at Nashville, took part in the 



520 



UNION COUNTY 



siege of Murfreesboro, and in several engage- 
ments in North Carolina. It joined Sherman 
at Goldsboro, and was mustered out July 7, 
1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Brown, Frederick, e. September, 1864, disc. July 9, 1865. 
Ramery, W. W., e. October, 1864. Died. 
Sherman, V. M., e. October, 1864. Died. 

COMPANY C. 

Wilcox, N. C, e. August, 1864, disc. July 9, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Second Lieut. A. Gardner, e. September, 1864, disc, 
July 10. 1865. 



ONE HUNDRED AND SEVKNTT-NINTH OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized September 28, 
1864, under Col. Henry Sage. It operated in 
Nashville, Tenn., during its term of service, 
and was discharged June 18, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Commissary Sergt. W. M. Winget, e. September 2, 1864. 
disc. June 17, 1865. 

COMPANY p. 

Corp. S. W. Atkinson, e. September 17, 1864, disc. June 

17, 1865. 
Barnes, William, e. September 1, 1864, disc. June 17, 

1865. 
Dillon, A. H., e. September 21, 1864, disc. June 17, 1865. 
Downer, A. W., e. September 16, 1864, disc. June 17, 1865. 
Hildebrand, J. F., e. September 1, 1864, disc. June 17, 

1865. 
Marsh, L. T., e. September 3, 1864, disc. June 17, 1865. 
Marsh, Stanton, e. September 3, 1864, disc. June 17, 1865. 
Marsh, Loyal, e. September 2,1864, disc. June 17, 1865. 
Poling, Nathan, e. September 2, 1864, disc. June 17, 1865. 
Stillings, Lewis, e. September 3, 1864. Died. 
Walker, Curtis, e. August 8, 1864, disc. June 17, 1865. 



ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTIETH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized October 9, 
1864, for one year's service, under Col. Wil- 
lard Warner. It operated in Tennessee until 
January, 1865, when it moved to Washington, 
thence to North Carolina, and was present at 
the battle of Kingston. It was mustered out 
July 25, 1865. 

COMPANY F. 

Corporal John A. Brown, e. September 7, 1864 ; disc. July 

12, 1865. 
Wells, D. F., e. September 15, 1864; died. 

COMPANY G. 

Corporal J. J . Van Sant, e. September 28, 1864 ; died a 

Alexandria, Va., March 2, 1865. 
Konkel, Abraham, e. September 27, 1864; disc. June 20, 

1865. 
Miller, J. B., e. September 13, 1864; disc. July 12, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Sergeant R. H. Brannan,e. September 17, 1864; disc. July 

12, 1865. 
Sergeant L. Roseberry, e. September 17, 1864 ; disc. July 

12, 1865. 
Brooks, D. W., e. September 19, 1864; disc. July 12, 1865. 
Boswell, William N., e. September 18, 1864 ; disc. July 12, 

1885. 
Bailey, W. C, e. September 19, 1864; disc. July 26, 1865. 
Bamhart, N. C, e. September 19,1864, disc. July 12, 1865. 
Cole, Leonard, e. September 18, 1864; disc. Juae 2, 1865. 
Hodgden, Charles, e. September 19, 1864; disc. July 12, 

1865. 
Hopkins, George, e. September 17, 1864; disc. July 12, 

1865. 
Kimble, John, e. September 19, 1864; disc. June 8, 1865. 



Philips, Thomas, e. September 18, 1864; disc. July 12, 

1865. 
Price, L., e. September 17, 1864 ; disc. July 12, 1865. 
Sells, John, e. September 17, 1864; disc. July 12, 1865. 
Wynn, Edward, e. September 1, 1864 ; disc. July 12, 1865. 



ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-SECOND OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized October 26, 
1864, under Col. Lewis Butler. It served in 
Tennessee, taking a prominent part in the bat- 
tle of Nashville. It was mustered out in July, 

1865. 

COMPANY A. 

Myers, H. A., e. September, 186 4; disc. July 13, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Gallent, Elias, e. October, 1864 ; disc. July 13, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

McKitrick, J. W., e. October 3, 1864; disc. June 6, 1865. 

COMPANY G. 

Philips, W. F., e. September 15, 1864; disc. July 13, 186». 



ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-FOURTH OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized February 21^ 
1865. It served in Tennessee and Alabama, 
guarding railroads, until mustered oat of the 
service in September, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Alters, Hiram, e. February 21, 1865; disc. September 27, 
1865. 

COMPANY C. 

Conklin, Edward, e. February 21, 1865; disc. September 

27, 1865. 
La Rue, James, e. February 21, 1865, disc. September 27, 

1865. 
La Rue, John, e. February 21, 1865 ; disc. September 27, 

1865. 
Spain, John, e. February 21, 1865; disc. September 27, 

1865. 
Wolford, M., e. February 21, 1865, disc. September 27, 

1865. 

ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-FIFTH OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized February 26, 
1865, under Col. John E. Cummins. It per- 
formed garrison duty in Kentucky until the 
close of the war, and on September 26, 1865, 
was mustered out of the service at Louisville, 
Ky. 

COMPANY A. 

Bennett, S. W., e. February 5, 1865, disc. September 26, 
1865. 

COMPANY C. 

McCloud, C, e. February 9, 1865, disc. September 26, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Atkinson, S. P., e. February 10, 1865, disc. September 26, 

1865. 
Atkinson, S., e. February 14, 1865, disc. September 86, 

1865. 
Bailey, T. C, e. February 10, 1865, disc. September 26, 

1865. 
Harvey, A. P., e. February 10, 1865, disc. September 26, 

1865. 
Skidmore, Calvin, e. February 10, 1865, disc. September 

26, 1865. 
Skidmore, Thomas, e. February 10, 1865, disc. September 

26, 1865. 

COMPANY F. 

Grauman, William, e. February 8, 1865, disc. September 
26, 1865. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



521 



COMPANY G. 

Graham, Robert H., e. January 24, 1865, disc. September 
26, 1865. 

ONE HUNDKED AND EIGHTY-SIXTH OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized March 2, 186-5, 
under Col. Thomas F. Wildes. It operated in [ 
Tennessee and Georgia until ordered to Colum- 
bus, Ohio, where it was mustered out on the 
25th of September, 1865. ! 

COMPANY B. 

Roney, Charles M., e. February 21, 1865, disc. September 
18, 1865. 

COMPANY C. 

James, Lewis, e. February 10, 1865, disc. September 18, 

1865- 
Spurgeon, T. J., e. February 21, 1865, disc. August 11, 

1865. 
Webb, William H., e. February 14, 1865. disc. September 

18, 1865. 

COMPANY r. 

Chamfer, Jacob, e. January 23, 1865, disc. September 18, 

1865. 
Kinney, C. B., e. February 24, 1865, disc. September 14, 

1865. 

ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-SEVENTH OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

The One Hundred and Eighty-seventh Ohio 
was one of the regiments raised under the last 
call of President Lincoln for troops to serve 
for one year. It was organized March 1, 
1865, under Col. R. Z. Dawson, and soon after 
muster received orders to move to Nashville, 
Tenn. From there it proceeded to Dalton, Ga., 
where it remained in camp for two months, at- 
tending to drill and discipline and performing 
scouting service. 

The regiment then moved to Kingston and 
received the paroles of about 2,000 rebel sol- 
diers, who presented themselves at that place, 
professing to belong to the surrendered armies 
of Johnston and Lee. 

Returning to Dalton, the One Hundred and 
Eighty-seventh spent another month in camp 
at that place, when, the railroad having been 
repaired, it was placed on the cars, taken to 
Macom, Ga., where it performed provost duty 
until mustered out in .January, 1866. It then 
returned to Ohio and was finally paid off and 
discharged on the 23d day of that month. 

The One Hundred and Eighty-seventh drew 
one company from Union County. Company 
B was wholly recruited in the county, and left 
Marysville for Camp Chase on Tuesday morn- 
ing, February 14, 1865, where it was mustered 
into the United States service, under the fol- 
lowing commissioned officers : W. P. Welsh, 
Captain ; J. K. Guthrie, First Lieutenant ; and 
N. C. Welsh, Second Lieutenant. 

While in the service one of the members of 
Company B was wounded in a skirmish at 
Dalton, Ga., and five, including Capt. J. K. 
Guthrie, died in the hospitals. 

COMPANY B. 

Capt. John C. Bybee, o. March 1, 1865; disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Capt. William P. Welsh, e. March 1, 1865; resigned June 

13, 1865, 



A^t. and First Lieut. Emery F. Malin, e. March 1, 1865: 

disc. January 20, 1866, promoted to Captain 
First Lieut. Joseph K. Guthrie, e. March 1,1865: pro- 
moted to Captain July 10, 1865; died in September, 1865. 
First Lieut. R. M. Miller, e. January 14, 1865; disc. Jan- 
uary 20, 1866. 
Second Lieut. William M. Church, e. March 2, 1865; pro- 
moted to First Lieut. July 10, 1865, disc. January 20, 
1866. 
Second Lieut. 0. K. Shadrack, e. February 18, 1865; disc. 

January 20, 1866. 
Second Lieut. N. C. Welsh, e. March 1, 1865; resigned 

June 4, 1865. 
Sergt. William Arthur, e, February 13,1865; disc. Jan- 
uary 20, 1866. 
Sergt. William S. Filler, e. January 25,1865; disc. Jan- 
uary 2(», 1866. 
Sergt. J. P. Henderson, e. February 7, 1865 ; disc. Jan- 

ary 20, 1866. 
Sprgt. Martin V. Lee, e. February 10, 1865; disc. January 

20, 1866. 
Sergt. James K. Welsh, e. February 14, 1865 ; disc. Jan- 
uary 20, 1866. 
Corp. Peter Aller, e. February 10, 1865; dis. January 20, 

1866. 
Corp. James Curry, e. February 6, 1865 ; disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Corp. Thomas Cody, e. January 20, 1865 ; disc. January 

20, 1866. 
Corp. David G. Cassil, e. January 25, 1865; disc. January 

20, 1866. 
Corp. John G. Langstaff, e. February, 1865 ; disc. January 

20, 1866. 
Corp. Albert I. Smith, e. February 14, 1865 ; disc. January 

20, 1866. 
Corp. Martin White, e. February 13, 1865 ; disc. January 

20, 1866. 
Corp. Thomas J. Wheeler, e. February 14, 1865; disc. 

January 20, 1866. 
Drummer J. N. Rodgers, e. January 20, 1865; disc. Jan- 
uary 20, 1866. 
Arthur, N., e January 23, 1865 ; disc. January 20, 1866. 
Armstrong, I. W. N., e. February 24, 1865. 
Brake, L. A., e. February 6, I860. 
Burniws, Leonard, e. February 25, 1865; disc. January 

20, 1866. 
Bailey, Joseph, e. February 1, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Bird, Daniel, e. February 15, 1865; disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Berry, Amos, e. January 14, 1865; disc. January 20, 1860. 
Bonnett, S. W., e. February 18, 1865 ; died at Dalton, Ga., 

April 23, 1865. 
Breeke, L. A., e. February 15, 1865 ; disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Bethard, C. W., e. February 6, 1865; disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Clark, A. M., e. February 26, 1865 ; disc. January 20,1866. 
Caryl, William S., e. January, 1865; disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Croy, James R., c. February 10, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Collier, Arthur, e. January 31, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Cassil, William S., e. January 21, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Davis, F. D., e. February 15, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Dickson, Andrew, e. February 13, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Darling, James P.,e. February 10, 1865, died at Dalton, Ga., 

April 30, 1865. 
Doty, J. M., e. February 17, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Edwards, F., e. February 4, 1865, disc. Januai-y 20, 1866. 
Emmons, John, e. February 6, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Gibson, Albert, e. February 4, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Gefls, Robert, e. February 1, 1865, disc. May 4, 1865. 
Gray, S. G., e. February 9, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Gallant E., e. February 15, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Guy, Nathan, e. February 17, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Hawn, P. M., e., February 15, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Harris, 0. I., e. February 7, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Hedges, Silas, e. January 20, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Hull, John H., e. February 1, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866, 
Hurley, D.. e. February 1, 1865. 
Huggert, J. A., e. January 14, 1865, disc. May 5, 1865, 

wounded at Dalton, Ga. 
Hildebrand, H., e. February 16, 1865, disc. J;ii;i:iiiy 2 
1865, 



.",22 



UNi'ON COUNTY 



Johnson, J. M., e. February 15, 1865, disc. January 20, 

186(). 
Kirk, H., e. January 25, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Locliwood, J., e. February 14, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
iioucli, David, e. January 25, 1865, disc. August 22, 1865. 
Loring, Emery, e. February 15 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Love, S. C, e. February 11, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Livingston, L., e. February ] , 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Long, J. E., e. February 11, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Lash, George W., c. February 4, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Lerper, Samuel, e. February 13, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Latson, Joseph, e. January 14, 1865, disc. July 6, 1865. 
Mclntire, Samuel, e. January 28, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Mclntire, William, e. January 25, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
McElroy, Samuel, e. April, 1865, disc. January 20, 1806. 
McFadilim, William, e. February 14, 1865, disc. January 

20, 1866. 
McKeloey, Samuel, e. January 20, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
McCampbell, J. L., e. February 14,1805, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
McCampbell, A. T., e. February 14, 1865, disc. Janiiary 

20, 1865. 
-McDermott, A. J., e. January 28, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
McDermott, J. W., e. January 31, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Mc.ffitt, Thomas, e. February 15, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Blulvano, J., e. January 14, 1865, disc. July 12, 1865. 
Moses, E., e. January 20, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Norton, Thomas, e. February 1, 1865, disc. July 12, 

1865. 
I'helps, William A., e. February 15, 1865, disc. January 

20, 1866. 
I'ost, F. M., e. February 15, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Patrick, James, e. February 11, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Poems, William. 
I'redmire, L., e. February 15, 1865, died in hospital at 

Chattanooga, Tenn., May 17, 1865. 
llomine, J. M., e. February 7, 1865, disc. January 20. 

1866. 
llomine, H. C, e. February 13, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Keed, A. W., e. January 14, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
lieed, E. G., e. February 10, 1865, disc. January 20, 1806. 
Reary, David, e. February 15, 1865, disc. January 20. 

1866. 
Kandall, B. L., e. January 14, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Kice, J G., e. February 15, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Kea, David, e. February 15, 1865. disc. January 20, 1866. 
Sbearer, O. A., e. January 13, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866 
Swartz, Winfield, e. February 1, 1865, died in hospital at 

Macon, Ga. 
Sparks, J. C, e. February 1, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Snider, Adam, e. February 13, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Shape, James, e. February 2, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Scott, Gabriel, e. February 14, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Sibey, L., o. February 10, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 
Smith, Christopher, e. February 15, 1865, disc. January 

20, 1866. 
Stevenson, George, e. February 18, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Turner, A. M., e. January 21, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Trembly, George B., e February 10, 1865, di.sc. January 

20, 1866. 
Van Voorhies, J. H., e. February 24, 1865, disc. January 

20, 1866. 
Weaver, Calvin L., e. January 21, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Winget, H. H., e. January 25, 1805, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Winters, S. C, e. February 10, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 
Woodburn, Ileber, e. February 11, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1860. 



Wolford, M. T., e. February 11, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1806. 
Webster, L. T., e. February 7, 1865, disc. January 20, 

1866. 

COMPANY E. 

Surge, T. C, e. January 15, 1865, disc. January 20, 1866. 

COMPANY I. 

Hall, Samuel, e. February 14, 1865, disc. January 20, 
1866. 



ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-EIGHTH OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized March 4, 1865, 
under Col. Jacob E. Taylor. It performed 
garrison duty in Tennessee until mustered out 
September 21, 1865. 

COMPANY F. 

Hoover, John, e. February 25, 1865, disc. September 28, 
1865. 

Hoover, Charles, e. February 25, 1865, disc. September 28, 
1865. 

Hoover, Henry, e. February 25, 1865, disc. September 28, 
1805. 

Phelps, W. A., e. March 4, 1865, disc. September 28, 
1865. 

Storms, William H., e. February 25, 1865, disc. Septem- 
ber 28, 1865. 



ONE HUNDRED AND NINETY-FIRST OHIO INFANTRY. 

The One Hundred and Ninety-first Ohio was 
organized March 10, 1865, under Col. Robert 
L. Kimberly. It served under Gen. Hancock 
in the Shenandoah Valley until mustered out 
in September, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Clarridge, E. C, e. February 1, 1865, disc. August 27, 

1865. 
Cavice, James, e. February 22, 1865, disc. July 11, 

1865. 

COMPANY C. 

Bolenbaugh, L. W., e. March 2, 1865, disc. August 27. 

1865. 
Curb, B. F., e. Febrnary 16, 1865, disc. August 27, 

1865. 
Evans, Lewis, e. March 22, 1865, disc. August 27, 1865. 
Goldsmith, Joseph, e. March 6, 1865, disc. August 27, 

1865. 
Goldsmith, J. J., e. March 2, 1865, disc. August 27, 1865. 
Hensel, Henry, e. March 2, 1865, disc. August 27, 1865. 
Laird, W. J., e. February 25, 1865, disc. August 27, 

1865. 
Morrow, Charles W., e. March 2, 1865, disc. August 27, 

1865. 
Shirk, John H., e. February 16, 1865, disc. August 27, 

1865. 
Storms, Judson, e. February 21, 1865, disc. August 27, 

1865. 
Spring, J. W., e. 1865, disc. August 27, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Langstaff, E. W., e. February 18, 1865, disc. May 31, 

1865. 
McCarney, L. S., e. February 15, 1805, disc. August 27, 

1805. 
Smith, William C, e. February G, 1865, disc. August 27, 

1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Corp. James Thompson, e. February 27, 1805, disc. August 

27, 1865. 
Wall, James H., e. February, 1865, disc. August 27,1866. 



ONE HUNDRED AND NINETY-SECOND OHIO IN- 
FANTRY. 

This regiment was organized March 15, 
1865, under Col. F. W. Butterfield. It operated 



MILITARY RECORD. 



523 



n Virginia until September 1, 1865, when it 
was mustered out at Winchestej- 

COMPANY D. 

Musician Albert Bird, e. February 17, 1865, disc. Septem- 
ber 27, 1865. 

Baldwin, N. M., e. February 20, 1865, disc. September 
27, 1865. 

Outton, William B., e. February 18, 1865, disc. Septem- 
ber 1, 1865. 

Fields, A. J., e. February 14, 1865, disc. September 27, 
1865. 

Green. J. A., e. February 14, 1865, disc. September 27, 
1865. 

Moffitt, Israel, e. February 13, 1865, disc. September 27, 
1865. 

Mayberry, J. M., e. February 14, 1865, died at Fredericks- 
burg, Va., April 24, 1865. 

Mayberry, T. H., e. February 14, 1865, disc. June 29, 
1865. 

Snell, S. B., e. February 14, 1865, disc. September 27, 
1865. 

Swallow, Washington, e. January 25, 1865, disc. Septem- 
ber 27, 1865. 

Simpson, Samuel, e. February 4, 1865, disc. September 27, 
1865. 

Simpson, Daniel, e. February 4, 1865, disc. September 
27, 1865. 

Thornton, Z. R., e. January 30, 1865, died in Island Hos- 
pital, March 23, 1865. 

Wright, Charles, e. February 14, 1865, disc. May 13, 
1865. 

Williams, S. M., e. February 9, 1865, died at Camp Chase, 
Columbus, Ohio, March 25, 1865. 

Woodruff, H., e. February 19, 1865, wounded at Reed's 
Hill, September 27, 1865. 

COMPANY G. 

Ellison, J. L., e. February 27, 1865, disc. September 27, 
1865. 

COMPANY 1. 

Green, A. H., e. February 21, 1865, disc. September 1, 

1865. 
Temple, L. B., e. February 21, 1865, disc. September 1, 

1865. 
Williams, C, e. February 21, 1865, disc. June 7, 1865. 



ONE HUNURKD AND NINETY-FOURTH OHIO IN- 
FANTRY. 

This regiment was organized March 14, 
1865, under Col. Anson G. McCook. It served 
in West Virginia until Lee's surrender; then 
moved to Washington City and performed gar- 
rison duty until mustered out October 24 
1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Smith, B. W., e. March 14, 1865, disc. October 24, 1865. 
ONE HUNDRED AND NINETY-SIXTH OHIO INFANTRY. 

This regiment was organized at Camp Chase, 
Ohio, and mustered into the service on the 
25th of March, 1865. 

More than two-thirds of the men composing 
this regiment had belonged to other organiza- 
tions, and had been honorably discharged for 
wounds or expiration of term of service. 

The One Hundred and Ninety-sixth was as- 
signed to the Ohio Brigade at Winchester, W. 
Va., where it remained until July, and gained 
the reputation of being a well-drilled and well- 
disciplined organization. In July, it was or- 
dered to Baltimore, and assigned to duty in 
the fortifications around the city, a portion of 
it being sent to Fort Delaware. On the 11th of 
September, it was mustered out at Baltimore, 
Md., it being the last volunteer organization 
in that department. 



As an organization, this regiment vras prob- 
ably excelled by but few in appearance, dis- 
cipline and soldierly bearing ; and although it 
was not entitled to inscribe on its colors the 
name of any engagement, still nearly every 
battle-field in the Union was represented in its 
ranks. 

COMPANY B. 

Dever, Zedekiah, e. Marsh 8, 1865, disc. September 11, 

1865. 
Middleton, Joseph, e. March 8, 1865, disc. September 11, 

1865. 
Smith, John, e. March 8, 1865, disc. September 11, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Kearns, Gideon, e. May 9, 1865, disc. September 11, 1865. 

COMPANY r. 

Beake, Michael, e. March 25, 1865, disc. September 11, 

1865. 
McMahan, H., e. March 8, 1865, disc. September 11, 1865. 
Rochel, Benjamin, e. March 8, 1865, disc. September 11, 

1865. 
Ryner, John, e. March 8, 1865, disc. September 14, 1866. 

COMPANY H. 

Davis, Alexander, e. May 1865, disc. September 11, 1865. 
Kent, David, e. March 4, 1865, disc. September 11, 1865. 
Corp. Owen Wilber, e. May, 1865, disc. September 11, 1865. 
Wilber, E., e. May, 1865, disc. September 11, 1865. 



ONE HUNDRED AND NINETY-EI8HTH OHIO 
INFANTRY. 

The war closed before the organization of 
this regiment was completed. 

COMPANY B. 

Ogan, John, e. March, 1865, disc. July, 1865. 
FIRST OHIO CAVALRY'. 

About fifty men were recruited in Union 
County for the First Ohio Cavalry, and this 
detachment was assigned about equally to 
Companies D and K. They enlisted during the 
month of August, 1861, under the first call for 
three years' troops. 

Company K was organized at Plain City, the 
men having been recruited in Union, Madison 
and Franklin Counties. They left Plain City 
for Camp Chase on the 8th day of September, 
1861, going across the country in carriages 
and wagons. A few days later the election of 
officers was held, and T. W. Forshee, of Mad- 
ison County, was elected Captain ; James Cut- 
ler, of Union, First Lieutenant; and A. H. 
McCurdy, Second Lieutenant ; and W. L. 
Curry was appointed Orderly Sergeant. 

There were no commissioned officers in 
Company D from this county, but several of 
the bravest and best non-commissioned ofiicers 
in the regiment were Union County boys in 
this company, among whom were Sergeants 
John Newlove, Alvin Thompson, Leroy Scott 
and Thomas Amrine ; and John Barbour, who 
was appointed Quartermaster Sergeant of the 
regiment. The officers of Company D were 
from Licking ('ounty. Two Captains of this 
company were killed in battle — Capt. D. A. B. 
Moore, who had been promoted to Major, and 
Capt. W. H. Scott — and Lieut. Ira Stevens 
died of disease. 



624 



UNION COUNTY 



Of Company K, Capt. Forshee and Lieut. 
McCurdy both resigned in June, 1862, when 
the command of the company devolved upon 
Lieut. James Cutler. 

To record the service of the First Ohio Cav- 
alry is to write the history of every battle of 
the Army of the Cumberland, from Mill 
Springs, 1862, to Nashville, 1864. This reg- 
iment was organized during the summer of 

1861, and. was mustered in at Camp Chase on 
the 5th day of October, 1861. Whitelaw Reid 
says in his history, "Ohio in the War:" "It may 
well be doubted whether more applicants were 
ever rejected from a similar organization in 
the service or if a nobler band of men in phys- 
ical development could possibly have been se- 
lected from the yeomanry of Ohio." 

Strict military discipline was inaugurated 
by Col. Ransom — who was a regular army ofiS- 
cer — in drill, reports, and everything that per- 
tained to the regular service of camp duty. 
On the 9th day of December, 1861, the regiment 
broke camp, marched through the capital and 
embarked on their first campaign, from whence 
many comrades were destined never again to 
return. Arrived at Cincinnati at daybreak 
the next morning, took boats and reached 
Louisville, Ky., on the morning of the 11th, the 
first regiment of cavalry to enter that department 
save Wolford's Kentucky regiment; and again 
quoting from Reid's history: "The First Ohio 
was the nucleus of that host of cavalry which, 
uuder the leadership of Stanley, Crooks, Mitch- 
ell, McCook, Kilpatrick, Long, Minty, Milli- 
kin and Wilson, achieved such triumphs for 
the country and fame lor themselves." 

The history of the cavalry of the Southwest 
— "its fearless rides, its daring raids, its 
bloody charges, its long nights of weary 
marching, as it carried desolation and destruc- 
tion into the very heart of treason" — is a 
record of heroic achievements unsurpassed in 
the annals of that service. 

The regiment remained at Camp Buell, Lou- 
isville, drilling, until the 1 6th of January, 

1862, when orders were received to join Gen. 
Thomas, at Mill Springs. Never will the sol- 
diers of the First Ohio forget that four days' 
march to Lebanon, through such rain as can 
only pour down in Kentucky and Tennessee, or 
Camp Frankenbei'ger, where saddles and equip- 
ments were washed oif by the mountain torrents 
on that memorable night, .January 18. On the 
19th Lebanon was reached and the regiment 
halted and resumed the regular routine of camp 
duty. While in this camp, the First Ohio en- 
countered the enemy for the first time and made 
its first dash after John Morgan. 

On the 14th of February, 1862, the regiment 
marched from Bardsto's'n to Louisville, and on 
the 28th embarked for Nashville, where it ar- 
rived on the 6th of March. On the 14th, it led 
the advance of Gen. Buell' s army to Pittsburg 
Landing, by making a dash in the night to 
save the bridge at Columbia across Duck River ; 
but the bridge was burned by the fleeing 
rebels, and swimming their horses across the 



river, the cavalry took possession of the beau- 
tiful little city, which it held until the army 
arrived, laid pontoons, crossed the river, and 
made that ever-memorable march through rain 
and mud to Pittsburg Landing, leaving the 
wagon train and camping for weeks on the 
battle-field, without tents, raining constantly, 
and drinking the water from r^ivines drain- 
ing from dead horses and men. Here the 
regiment saw its first real service in front of 
the rebel army, as the cavalry stood picket in 
advance of the infantry, and was constantly on 
duty in the advance on Corinth, skirmishing 
with the enemy almost daily. After the evac- 
uation of Corinth and the pursuit of Bragg's 
army, the First Ohio went into camp. Company 
D having lost in a skirmish at Blackland p. W. 
Irwin and .James Anderson, woundeJ. Col. 
Smith left the regiment on the 10th of June, 
and on the 17th Col. Milliken took command. 

The regiment then moved east to Tuscumbia, 
and was scattered along the Memphis & 
Charleston Railroad guarding bridges. Com- 
panies E and K were stationed at Courtlaud. 
Ala., and on the 2od of July B. F. Lucas, of 
Company K, was killed near that place. 

On the 2oth, this detachment, with two com- 
panies of Kentucky infantry, was attacked b.\ 
a brigade of confederate cavalry, under Gei'. 
Armstrong, and after a sharp fight the two 
companies of infantry and about ten men of 
Company K — Lieut. Cutler, W. L. Curr.y, A. S 
Chears, Lewis Latham, John Patterson, A. L. 
Sessler, John Johnson, William Johnson, J. F. 
Winters and S. P. Clark — were taken prisoners. 
The company was then commanded by Sergt. 
John Lucas until October, 1862, when Lieut. 
Cutler, having been exchanged, returned totht- 
regiment, was promoted Captain, and com- 
manded the company until he resigned, in 
March, 1863, when Sergt. Curry, who had 
been exchange! in February, 1863, and pn - 
moted to First Lieutenant, took command of 
the company. The First Obio had its full share 
of hard service on the counter-march of Buell' s 
army back to Louisville, Company D lo>ing 
Marion Lansdown wounded in a skirmish at 
BardstowD,Ky., October, 1862, then participated 
in the battle of Perryville, in which A. W. Lock 
and .J. M. Shultz, of Company K, were wounded. 

It was actively engaged in the advance on 
Murfreesboro, losing heavily at Stone River. 
The list of killed included Col. Millikin, Maj. 
Moore, and Lieut. Conditt; also Wesley Poling, 
of Company D, and Adjt. Scott, wounded, with 
a long list of heroes unnamed, but of undying 
fame. "The regiment fell back from its field of 
glory, where it had made oneof themostheroio 
charges of the war, with saddened hearts, for 
weltering in his life's blood on the field of car- 
nage, lay its young and gallant commander. 
He was mourned by his comrades as the brave 
mourn for the brave." 

On the 24th of June. 1863, the regiment 
moved on the extreme left of the army, and 
shared in some hard fighting around Tullahoma 
and Elk River. In August, Lieut. Curry was 



MILITARY RECORD. 



525 



transferred to the command of Company M, 
which he commanded through the Chicka- 
mauga campaign. In the advance on Chatta- 
nooga, the First Ohio, under command of Lieut. 
Col. Cupp, crossed the Tennessee River Sep- 
tember 2, and vfas coDspicuous ia the expedi- 
tion under Gen. Stanley in the attempt to cut 
the railroad south of Chattanooga. After a 
severe encounter with a large force of the en- 
emy near La Fayette, Ga., it passed up the 
Chattanooga valley, reached the battle-field of 
Chickamauga early on the morning of Septem- 
ber 20, and lost heavily in the engagement of 
that day. Col. Cupp was killed while forming 
the regiment for a charge. His death was a 
severe blow to the regiment, as he was uni- 
versally beloved. Of the 900 men composing 
the Second Brigade, 134 were killed and 
wounded. Company K lost in t his engagement 
Abe Orr, killed, and Sergt. J. W. Cbapin, J. 
F. Young, William Hiser and C. S. Irwin, 
wounded, and Lieut. Curry and C. Zeibold 
had horses shot under them. After falling 
back to Chattanooga, the troops were allowed 
no rest, but on the 26th of September started 
on the famous raid, driving Wheeler's cavalry 
from Wa>jhington, Tenn., to Muscle Shoals, 
Ala., taking more than 1,000 prisoners and 
several pieces of artillery. 

In an engagement at Washington, Tenn., 
with Gen. Wheeler's cavalry, October, 1863, 
John Newlove, of Company D, was taken pris- 
oner, and of Company K, Sergt. C. Byers, E. 
Garner and P. E. Goff were wounded, and 
James Henry, Sergt. E. Young. James Stanton, 
David Nedrow and Fred Wedo were taken 
prisoners. P. E. GoflF, E. Garner and Fred 
Wedo died in Andersonville Prison. The regi- 
ment then returned to Chattanooga and took 
part in the assault upon Mission Ridge, where 
William Johnson, of Company K, was killed, 
and Thomas Amrine, of Company D, was 
wounded. After the battle of Mission Ridge, 
the Fir.«t moved to the relief of Burnsides, at 
Knoxville, being the first reg'ment to reach 
that city, having several skirmishes oq the 
way, and capturing many prisoners. 

On the 16th of December a detachment of 
the regiment made a brilliant charge at Cal- 
houn upon a rebel brigade commanded by 
Gen. Wheeler, with a loss f>f one killed and 
three wounded, and capturing 130 prisoners. 

In November, 1863, Lieut. Curry again took 
command of Company K, re-enlisted with the 
regiment ia January, 1864, and after the fall 
of Atlanta was appointed Quartermaster of 
the regiment, was promoted to Captain on the 
14th of December, 1864, but the company was 
so much reduced in numbers he could not be 
mustered as Captain. 

After the veteran furlough the regiment was 
re-organized at Nashville, and oq the 22d of 
May, 1864, started to join the advancing col- 
umn of Sherman's army near Rome, Ga., en- 
countering the enemy near Decatur, Ala., on 
the 26th, and in the skirmish which followed, 
Corp. Samuel D^rrah, of Company K, captured 



the flag of the Seventh Alabama Cavalry. 
Darrah was a brave and gallant soldier. After 
the war, he emigrated to Missouri, where he 
died a few years ago. On the 27th, the First 
Ohio took part in the engagement at Courtland, 
losing on this occasion five men wounded, and 
on the 29th participated in a severe skirmish 
at Moulton, with a loss of twenty killed and 
wounded. Of Company K, H. George was 
killed and L. Cooper wounded. 

The regiment was in the memorable "one 
hundred days under fire 'from Chattanooga to 
Atlanta, losing severely. Of Company D, 
Daniel Shobbell was killed near Atlanta. The 
losses of Company K in this campaign were 
Thomas Armstrong, Jeremiah Griffith and 
George Pearl, killed, and William Hiser, J. W. 
Robins and J. M. Shultz, wounded. 

When Hood attempted to cut Sherman's 
communication between Atlanta and Chatta- 
nooga, the First Cavalry followed in pursuit 
and was engaged in several sharp fights, and 
when Sherman commenced preparations for 
his march to the sea, it joined the forces under 
Gen. Thomas, and after the victory at Nash- 
ville, rendezvoused at Gravelly Springs until 
March, 1865. On the 1st of April the regi- 
ment with Gen. Alexander's division gained a 
brilliant victory over Forrest's cavalry at 
Ebenezer's Church, Company K losing Sergt. 
F. P. Allen killed and JohuM. Shultz, vyounded. 
On the 2d of April, Selma, Ala., was taken 
after a hard struggle. 

The last fight of the First Ohio Cavalry was 
at Columbus, Ga., which was captured by a 
bold saber charge, Company K losing William 
Griffith, wounded, on this occasion. 

A detachment of the First Cavalry under 
command of Capt. J. 0. Yeoman, was with the 
command that captured the President of the 
Confederacy, among whom was John Newlove, 
of Company D, and J. F. Young, of Company 
K, both of Union County. Of the $100,000 
reward paid for the capture of "Jeff Davis," 
Capt. Yeoman received $3,000 and Newlove 
and Young, $402 each. 

The regiment garrisoned Georgia and South 
Carolina from April until September, then re- 
turned to Ohio and was mustered out at Camp 
Chase on the 28th of September, 1865, after 
four years' hard service, Company D having 
lost ten men on the field and in the hospitals, 
and twenty-eight taken prisoner, making a 
total loss of thirty-eight, and Company K hav- 
ing lost nine killed, twelve died in hospitals, 
twelve wounded and ten taken prisoner, mak- 
ing a total loss of forty-three. 

During its term of service. Company D lost 
by death James Newman, Lieut. Ira Stevens 
and Harry Hildreth, and of Company K Martin 
Brant, William Newland, David Anderson, E. 
Garner, Fred Wedo, Francis Jones, J. S. Ewing 
and H. D. Warner, died. 

The First Ohio Cavalry carried on its muster- 
roll nearly 1800 names and mustered out at 
Camp Chase 701 men. It has a long roll of 
gallant heroes who were klled on the field of 



526 



UNION COUNTY 



battle, many wasted and died of diseases in the 
hospitals and prison pens 6f the South. Of 
those mustered out of service eighteen years 
ago, many are sleeping their last sleep in 
honored graves. Col. T. .J. Patton was killed 
in a railroad collision on the Louisville & 
viemphis Railroad. Maj. J. W. Scott, Maj. J. 
C. Frankenberger, Lieut. A. Overly, Lieut. T. 
Scott, Capt. L. Pickering and Sergeon John 
Cannan are all dead. Thus one by one they are 
being mustered out of life's service. This 
regiment hns written in characters of blood 
upon its battle-flag, Corinth, Perryville, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Kenesaw, 
Atlanta, Jouesboro, Lovejoy and skirmishes 
numbered by the score. True, it was no braver 
nor better than other regiments. Its roll of 
honored dead was no larger than many others, 
but it never failed to respond to any call that 
was made upon it. The unnumbered and un- 
lettered graves of the Fiist Ohio are scattered 
over every battle-field of ihe Army of the Cum- 
berland. 

COMPANT A. 

Corp. S. J. Kobertson, e. March 31, 1863, disc. September 
la, 1865. 

COMPANY D. 

Sergt. Thomas H. Amrine, e. August 31, 1861, wounded 

at Mission Eidge, disc. September 1.3, 1865. 
Sergt. John Newlove, e. August 26, 1861, taken prisoner 

at Washington, Tenn., October, 1864, disc. September 

13, 1865. 
Sergt. L. L. Scott, e. August 26, 1861, disc. October 6, 

1864. 
Sergt. Alvin Thompson, e. August 26, 1861, disc. October 

6, 1864. 
Corp. M. 0. Cole, e. August 26, 1861, disc. September 13, 

1865. 
Corp. Chas. J. Scott, e. August 26, 1861, disc. September 

13, 1865. 
Barbour, John, e. August 26, 1861, died at Marysville, 

Ohio, October 6, 1862. 
Burrows, Enoch, e. August 26, 1861, disc. September 13, 

1865. 
Cross, Robert, e. 1861. 

Cole, Joshua, e. August 26, 1861, disc. September 13, 1865. 
Chapman, G. W., e. August, 1861, disc. October, 1864. 
Foot, Horace L., e. August 26, 1861, disc. October, 1864. 
Hildreth, Harry, e. August 26, 1861. 
Halliday, Thomas, e. August 26, 1861, disc. September 13, 

1865. 
Irvin, R. W., e. August 31, 1861, disc. June 20, 1865, 

wounded at Blackland Mississippi, 
Kipp, William H., e. August 5, 1861. 
Lansdown. Marion, e. August 26, 1861, disc. 1862. 
Lee, Howard, disc, at Corinth, Mississippi. 
Montgomery, H. D., e. September 5, 1861, disc. September 

13, 1865. 
Montgomery. G. W., e. September 5, 1861. 
Montgomery, B. B., e. September, 186J. 
Martin, John, e. August 31, 1864. 
Newgent, William, e. August 26, 1861, disc. September 

13, 1865. Died at home. 
Powers, William. 

Powers, J. W., e. March 9, 1864, disc. September 13, 1865. 
Tracy, D., e. August 31, 1861, disc. September 13, 1865. 
Turner, Taylor, e. Feb. 23, 1864, disc. September 13, 1866. 

COMPANY E. 

McKim, John, e. August, 1861, disc. September 13, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Pyers, Fmett, e. August 26, 1861, dioc. September 13, 
1866. 

COMPANY K. 

Capt. William L. Curry, e. Septt>mber 8, 1861, taken pris- 
oner at Courtland, Ala., July, 1862, promoted Second 
Lieutenant June 16, 1862, First Lieutenant March 31, 
1863, and Captain December 14,1864; disc. December 
30, 1864. 



Capt. James Cutler, e. September 30, 1861, taken prisoner 

at Courtland, Ala., July, 1862, disc. April 2i), 1863. 
Sergt. Franklin P. Allen, e. September 13, 1861, killed at 
Ebenezer Church, Ala., April 1, 1865, promoted First 
Lieutenant March, 1865. 
Sergt. Cornelius Byers, e. August, 1861, taken prisoner 
at Wii8hiii6ton, Tenn., September 30, 1863. In Libby 
and Andersonville seventeen months. 
Sergt. Patterson Bradley, e. September 23, 1861. 
Sergt. A. S. Chears, e. September 24, 1861, disc. October 6, 

1864. 
Sergt. John W. Chapin, e. September 24, 1861, wounded 
at (Jhickamauga, Ga., September 20,1863, disc. October 
6, 1864. 
Sergt. C. S. Irwin, e. April 23, 1861, Sixteenth Ohio Vol- 
unteer Infantry, three months, disc. August 18, 1861 ; 
e. September 27, 1861, wounded at Chickamauga, Ga., 
September 20. 1863, disc. September 13, 1865. 
Sergt. James W. Robbins, e. October 1, 1861, wounded at 
Atlanta, Ga., August 27, 1864, disc. September 13 
1865. 
Sergt. A. L. Sesler, e. October 26, 1861, taken prisoner at 

Courtland, Ala., July, 1862, disc. September 13, 1865. 
Sergt. Elliott Young, e. September 23, 1861, taken pris- 
oner at Washington, Tenn., September 30, 1863, in 
Libby and Andersonville prisons seventeen months, 
disc. "March 14, 1865. 
Corp. William Griffith, e. September 24, 1861, wounded 
at Columbus, Ga., April 16, 1865, disc. September 13, 
1865. 
Corp. A. A. Hill, e. February 15, 1862, disc. September 

13, 1865. 
Corp. William B. Harriott, e. February 26, 1864, disc 

September 9, 1865. 
Corp. A. W. Lock, e. October 1, 1861, wounded at Perry- 
ville, Ky., October, 1862. 
Corp. John M. Shnltz, e. September 22, 1861, wounded at 
Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., June, 1864, and at Ebenezer 
Church, Ala., April 1, 1865, disc. September 13, 1865. 
Corp. John F. Young, e. September 28, 1861, wounded at 
Chickamauga, Ga., September 20, 1863, disc. September 
13, 1865. 
Armstrong, Thomas, e. August 13, 1861, killed at Atlanta, 

Ga., August, 1864. 
Anderson, David, e. September 2.3, 1861, died at Corinth, 

Miss., May, 1862. 
Bull, Eugene M., e. February 26, 1864, disc. September 

13, 1865. 
Brant, Martin, e. September 25. 1861, died at Louisville, 

Ky., January, 1862. 
Bidwell, M., e. February 27, 1864, dis. September 13, 

1865. 
Clark, S. P., taken prisoner at Courtland, Ala.. July, 

1862. 
Clements, J. C, e. September 22, 1861. 
Chapman, S. W., e. September 26, 1861. 
Corporal Darrah, Samuel, e. September 24, 1861, cap- 
tured flag of Seventh Alabama Cavalry, at Decatur, 
Ala., May 26, 1864, died in Missouri. 
Evans, E. D., e. February 26, 1864, disc. September 13, 

1805. 
Ewing, James S., e. February, 1864, died at Columbus, 

Ohio, March 19, 1864. 
Fox, Henry C, e. September 3, 1861. 
Gill, James, e. October 20, 1861, died at Corinth, Miss. 

July, 1862. 
George, Hannibal, e. February 26, 1864, killed at Moul- 

ton, Ala., May 29, 1864. 
Goff, Presley E., e. October 15, 1861, wounded at Wash- 
ington, Tenn., died in Andersonville Prison. 
Garner, Edward, died in Andersonville Prison. 
Garner, A. M., a. February 26, 1864, disc. September 13, 

1865. 
Griffith, Jeremiah, e. February 16, 1864, killed at Kene- 
saw Mountain, Ga., June 16, 1864. 
Henry, James, e. September, 1861, taken prisoner at 
Washington, Tenn., September 30, 1863, in Libby and 
Andersonville Prisons. 
Hiser, William, e. August 15, 1861, wounded at Chicka- 
mauga, Ga., September, 1863, died of wounds received 
at Lovejoy, Ga.. August 21, 1864. 
Hill, Edward A., e. August 15 1861, killed at Paint Rock, 

Ala., December 1863. 
Hill, Augustus, e. February, 1864, disc. September 28, 

1865. 
Hahn, D. G., e. March 29, 1865, disc. September 13, 1866. 
Jones, Francis, e. February 26, 1864, drowned in Cotton 

Indian Creek, Ga., August 21, 1864. 
Johnson, William, e. November 24, 1861, killed at 
Cleveland Tennessee, November 24, 1863. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



527 



IiDcaB, B. F., e. September 27, 1861, killed at Courtland, 

Ala., July 23, 1862. 
Newland, William, drowned in Cumberland River, near 

Clarksville, Tenn., March, 1862. 
Nedrow, David, e. September 10, 1861, taken prisoner at 

Washington, Tenn., September, 1863, disc. January 26, 

1865. 
Orr, A. S„ e. September 18, 1861, killed at Chickamauga, 

Qa, September 20, 1863. 
Pearl, George, e. September 22, 1861, killed at Lovejoy, 

Ga., August 20. 1864. 
Ruehlen, S. H., e. November 28, 1861, disc. December 4, 

1864. 
Ruehlen, William, e. September 28, 1861, disc. September 

13, 1865. 
Robbins, D. M., e. February 26, 1864, disc. September 13, 

1865. 
Robbing, Z. S., e. February 23, 1864, disc. January 12, 

1865. 
Stamats, M. E., e. October 1, 1861, disc. October, 1864. 
Spicer, 0. L., e. October 1, 1861. 
Thompson, M. F., e. February 23, 1864, disc. June 16, 

1865. 
Thompson, Milton L., e. February 23, 1864, disc. June 26, 

1865. 
Tway, L. B., e. October 26, 1861, disc. September 13, 

1865. 
Wedo, Frederick, e. September 24, 1861. Died in Ander- 

sonville prison. 
Warner, H. D., e. February 25, 1864. Died at Nashville, 

Tenu., April 2, 1864. 
Veterinary Surgeon John F. Winters, e. September 25, 

1861, disc. October 6, 1864. Taken prisoner at Court- 
land, Ala., July 25, 1862. 



THIRD OHIO CAVALRY. 

The Third Ohio Cavalry was organized in 
September, 1861, under Col. Lewis Zahm. It 
operated with Buell in Tennessee, took part in 
the siege of Corinth and was engaged in the 
battle of Chickamauga. It joined Sherman's 
Atlanta campaign, participating in the engage- 
ment at Kenesaw, Peach Tree Creek and De- 
catur. A fter the fall of Atlanta it followed in 
pursuit of Hood, fighting at Franklin and 
Nashville; then joined the Wilson raid through 
Alabama and Georgia, losing heavily at Selma. 
This regiment was mustered out August 14, 
1865. 



Hill, N.N. 
Wood, Frank. 



COMPANY D. 
COMPANY F. 



FIFTH OHIO CAVALRY. 



The Fifth Ohio Cavalry was organized in 
August, 1861, under Col. H. H. Taylor. It 
took an active part in the battle of Pittsburg 
Landing, the siege of Corinth, and in the en- 
gagement at Davis' Mill. It was present at the 
battle of Chattanooga, and followed Sherman 
to Knoxville. It joined the Atlanta campaign, 
and having lost most of its horses, acted as in- 
fantry. It was attached to Kilpatrick's com- 
mand, and with him marched to the sea, and 
moved through the Carolinas, fighting and 
raiding all the way. After the war, this regi- 
ment served in North Carolina until mustered 
out October 30, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Sergt. Miles Gregory, e. February, 1862, disc. 1865. 
Carter, John. 

COMPANY c. 

Gleason, Charles. 
Qeuninger, Joseph. 



COMPANY M. 

Lyttle, Samuel, e. December 26, 1863, disc. November 21' 
1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Weldon, Robert, e. August 10, 1864, disc. 1865, wounded 
at Deep Bottom, Va. 

SIXTH OHIO CAVALRY. 

The Sixth Ohio Cavalry was organized in Oc- 
tober, 1861, under Col. William R. Lloyd. It 
served in the Shenandoah Valley, and was en- 
gaged in the battles of Cross Keys, Cedar 
Mountain and the second Bull Run. It took 
part in the advance on Fredericksburg, and in 
the battles of Kelly's Ford and Gettysburg. 
It participated in a number of engagements in 
Meade s advance on the Rapidan. In the 
spring of 1864, the Sixth joined Grant's ad- 
vance on Richmond, taking part in the many 
hard-fought battles culminating in the fall of 
♦hat place. It was mustered out in August, 
1865. 

COMPANY M. 

Bugler T. W. Burns, e. December 1, 1863, disc. June 27, 
1865, taken prisoner at Vaughn's Road, 1864, wounded 
at Habaker's Run, 1865. 

COMPANY c. 

McClurg, John, e. June 18, 1861, disc. 1864. 
SEVENTH OHIO CAVALRY. 

This regiment was organized October 3, 1862, 
under Col. Israel Garrard. It operated in 
Kentucky, Tennessee and North Carolina, and 
in July, 1864, joined Sherman's Atlanta cam- 
paign, fighting almost daily. After the fall of 
that city it moved north and met the enemy at 
Franklin and Nashville, then followed in the 
pursuit of Hood across the Tennessee. In 
March, 1865, it joined Wilson's raid, fighting 
its way to Selma, Ala., and while pursuing the 
enemy to Andersonville, the news of Lee's sur- 
render was received. The Seventh Ohio was 
mustered out July 4, 1865. 

COMPANY A. 

Baxley, W. H. 

COMPANY F. 

Sergt. J. S. Howland, e. October 8, 1862, disc. 1865, 
wounded at Dandridge, Tenn., December 31, 1863. 

EIGHTH OHIO CAVALRY. 

The Eighth Ohio Cavalry was organized 
March 28, 1864, under Col. Samuel A. Gilbert. 
It moved to Virginia, and in June joined 
Averill's raid on Lynchburg. It engaged the 
enemy at Liberty, and again at Beverly. A 
part of the regiment participated in the battles 
of Winchester, Fisher's Hill and Cedar Creek. 

In January, 1865, the enemy surprised the 
camp and captured 500 officers and men. They 
were taken to Libby Prison, where they re- 
mained until exchanged in February. The 
regiment was mustered out in August, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Price, E. L., e, December, 1863, disc. July 30, 1865. 

COMPANY r. 

Slagle, James F., e. March 7, 1864, disc. July 30, 1865. 



528 



UNION COUNTY 



COMPANT 1. 

McNier, William H., e. April 14, 1864, disc. July 30, 18C5, 
died at home in 1868. 



NINTH OHIO CAVALRY. 

The organization of this regiment was com- 
menced in December, 1862. In April, 1863, 
four companies, designated as the First Bat- 
talion of the Ninth Ohio Cavalry, entered the 
field in Kentucky ; but it was not until Decem- 
ber, 1863, that the regiment was completed by 
the organization of the Second and Third Bat- 
talions. It moved to Athens, Ala., to patrol 
the Tennessee River. 

In July, 1864, it joined the Atlanta cam- 
paign, marched to the sea, fighting at Waynes- 
boro ; moved through the Carolinas, partici- 
pating in the engagements at Aiken, Averys- 
boro, Bentonvilleand Raleigh, and after Johns- 
ton's surrender, was mustered out August 2, 
1865. 

COMPANY C. 

Sergt. James McCune, e. 1862, disc. 1865. 

COMPANY O. 

Bailey, S. S., e. June, 1863, disc. August, 1865. 
TENTH OHIO CAVALRY. 

The Tenth Ohio Cavalry was organized in 
October, 1862, under Col. Charles C. Smith. It 
operated with the Army of the Cumberland in 
Tennessee, participated in the battle of Chick- 
amauga, and was actively engaged in all of 
Kilpatrick's movements during the Atlanta 
campaign. It followed Sherman to the sea, 
fightingat Macon, Griswoldsville, Waynesboro, 
and other places along the route ; then moved 
north through the Carolinas. It was mustered 
out July 24, 1865. 

COMPANY A. 

Flowers, Edward, e. December 4, 1862, disc. July 24, 

1865. 
Voris, John H., e. December 4, 1862, died at Sweetwater, 

Ga., August 16, 1864, of wounds. 

COMPANY B. 

Saddler Heath Stewart, e. October 17, 1862, taken prison 

er November 24, 1864. 
Powell, Henry, e. October 7 1862, disc. 1865. 
Smith, M. B., e. October 10, 1862, disc. July 24, 1865. 
Turner, William N., e. February 10, 1863, died 

Tenn., June 28, 1863. 

COMPANY C. 

Mullen, Daniel, e. February 25, 1864, disc. July 24, 1865 

COMPANY D. 

Mattox, John A., Co. D, e. May 7, 1861, disc. June 17, 

1865. 
Wright, Alonzo, e. September 17,1864, disc. July 24, 1864. 

COMPANY E. 

Sergt. J. P. Martin, e. August 18, 1862, disc. October 18, 
1865. 

COMPANY M. 

Sergt. Thomas Moore, e. June 6, 1863, disc. January 24, 

1865, died at Rich wood, Ohio, in 1868. 
Corp. Sherman McBratney, e. April 7, 1863, disc. July 24, 

1865. 
Bosh, James D., e. June 7, 1863, disc. July 24, 1865. 
Bosh, W. J., e. June 7, 1863, disc. July 24, 1865. 
George, James S., e. April 10, 1862, July 24, 1865. 
Linder, Wallace, e. April 1, 1803, disc. July 2, 1864. 
Linder, William W., e. April 6, 1863, disc. July 24, 1865. 
Mclntire, Darius, e. June 1, 1863, disc. November 2, 1864, 



ELEVENTH OHIO CAVALRY. 

This regiment was organized by battalions ; 
the organization being completed in July, 1862, 
was assigned to Indian warfare. It had about 
1,000 miles of country to picket and was en- 
gaged in almost innumerable skirmishes. The 
ground of its operations was in the center of 
the Rocky Mountains, and embraced portions 
of Nebraska, Dakota, Colorado, Utah, Oregon. 
Idaho and Montana. The first Battalion was 
mustered out April 1, 1865 and the remaining 
companies not until July, 1866. 

COMPANY C. 

Corp. Anson Baughman, e. December 12, 1861, disc. April 

1, 1865. 
Benedict, W. H., e. August 25, 1864, disc. 1865. 

COMPANY F. 

Benedict, John B., e. 1861, disc. 1862. 

COMPANY G. 

Sergt. Calvin Holbrook, e. June 12, 1863. 
Finch, S. J., e. June 12, 1863, disc. 1865. 
Gearheart George, e. June 10, 1863. 

COMPANY K. 

Ports, William, e. February 23, 1864, disc. July 14. 1866. 
TWELFTH OHIO CAVALRY. 

The order for raising this important regi- 
ment was issued on the 20th of August, 1863. 
So zealous were the officers instructed with this 
care, and so filled with patriotic impulses were 
the true men that responded to the call that on 
the 24th day of November, 1868, the regiment 
was organized complete and ready for what- 
ever duty awaited it. The men furnished from 
Union County were assigned to Company C. 

While the organizaiton was yet incomplete, 
six companies were called to Johnson's Island 
to guard prisoners and meet, if need be, the 
threatened invasion of rebels from Canada, in- 
tent on releasing the 8,000 imprisoned rebel 
officers there. The companies thus employed 
were A, C, D, F, I and L. The other companies 
were quartered at Camp Chase until February, 
1864, when the whole regiment was brought 
together at Camp Dennison. Here it was 
mounted, armed and vigorously drilled until 
the 27th day of March, when it started to the 
front and entered upon its memorable career. 

Its first duty was to assist Gen. Burbridge 
in breaking up the armed bands of guerrillas 
and bushwhackers in Kentucky. Scattering 
itself over that State, it soon became a terror to 
marauders and rebel sympathizers, dispersed 
the guerrillas and restored order. 

This task accomplished with commendable 
promptness, the Twelth joined in an expedition 
against Saltville, Va. But after a toilsome 
journey of several days, it was halted and 
turned about to make one of the most rapid 
marches known to warfare, traveling over 180 
miles in fifty hours. It struck the rebel forces 
at Mt. Sterling, Ky., on the 9th of June, 
1864, and gallantly led the charge. In this 
battle the regiment fought many times its 
number, but never for a moment wavered. At 
one time sixty men of the Third Battalion, 



MILITARY RECORD. 



529 



mostly from Company C, fought a rebel regi- 
ment for thirty minutes, losing many precious 
lives, but holding its ground till help came. 
Of this devoted little band. Union County fur- 
nished Joseph Smith, Hylas S. Moore and J. L. 
Cameron, others now living here Edward 
Routs, Fredrick Keller, Uriah Jolley and John 
Van Pearse, of Company M. 

For its gallantry the Twelth was compli- 
mented at the close of the fight by Gen. Bur- 
bridge, who remarked that it had saved the ' 
day for him. These laurels were dearly 
bought for the loss of the regiment all told was 
197 men. Of these were Maj. Moderwell, shot 
through the abdomen, (afterward recovered) ; 
Capt. Hunter, through shoulder; Orderly Sergt. 
Alfred Wetterigeand Corp. Conner, killed, and 
many others of Company C wounded, among 
whom were J. 0. Sweet, Peter Black, William 
Blue, Jefery Williams and Bently Williams. 

The battle lasted all day, and at night the 
regiment remained on the battle-field. Com- 
pany C, chosen for special guard duty, got no 
rest. Three days and nights' marching and 
fighting was now to be followed by a gallop of 
thirty-three miles to Lexington on the 10th ; 
fresh horses drawn and on to Paris, Ky., on 
the 11th. Awaiting here for supplies and am- 
munition until evening, the regiment again 
mounted and forward for a nights' march to 
Cynthiana. Early on the morning of the 12th 
of June, while darkness was yet so dense that 
the lurid jets of powder flame blazed from the 
carbines, the regiment was leading the charge 
again in battle, sustaining itself heroically, 
and gaining a complete victory in this engage- 
ment. On the 14th of June the regiment re- 
ceived the thanks and congratulations of Presi- 
dent Lincoln and the Secretary of War, and 
was again complimented for its gallantry by the 
commanding General. 

Again braking into detachments, the Twelfth 
scattered over Kentucky, dispensing marauders 
and keeping order, until the month of Septem- 
ber, when it concentrated at Mount Sterling 
and again started with Gen. Burbridge's expe- 
dition to Saltville, Va. 

The expedition led over 300 miles without 
provision trains, tents or ambulances, was 
cause of much privation, and on the 2d of Octo- 
ber was again at its accustomed place leading 
the advance into one of the most hotly con- 
tested battles of the war. 

The rebel fortifications were in the ' deep 
mountain gorges and rendered operations by 
mounted men impossible, yet, dismounted, the 
Twelfth made again and again its famous car- 
bine charges and reaching well up to the ene- 
mies' works. All day long the battle raged in 
the mountain fastness, but toward the close of 
the day ammunition was exhausted and the rebel 
forces re-enforced by 5,000 of Gen. Early's 
fresh troops, and Gen. Burbridge was compelled 
to abandon the expedition. Company C had 
all day been doing duty on the body guard of 
Gen. McLane and its couriers dashed here and 
there through the battle carrying orders. A 



rapid retreat began, and as it still had ammu- 
nition Company C was detailed a special guard 
for the 'rear, and many times during that dis- 
astrous night and the following day did this 
devoted little band halt in the mountain passes 
and hold the pursuing foe in check while the 
retreating column hurried on. 

Forty-nine men of the Twelfth lay dead or 
wounded on the field of battle of this eventful 
day. 

Returning to Lexington the regiment re-or- 
ganized, drew fresh horses and supplies, and 
on the 10th of November was again in the 
saddle marching toward Cumberland Gap. 

Reaching that point on the 26th, scattering 
again, it was engaged a short time destroying 
bands of marauders around Bean Station and 
Rodgersville. Gen Stoneman now took com- 
mand, and being joined with Gen. Gillem 
the whole force, including the Twelfth, was in 
the earlier part of December marching in a 
third expedition against Saltville. On the 
morning of December 15, Kingsford was 
reached and a strong rebel force appeared on 
the opposite banks of the river. Halting his 
column, Gen. Stoneman sent Gillem to cross 
above and prepare for battle. The impatience 
of the Twelfth knew no bounds when in sight of 
the gray uniforms and eagerly they awaited 
the bugle sound to charge. That coming, with a 
wild yell they galloped up to the horses' joints in 
water to the opposite bank ; opening a fire from 
carbines, and revolvers at short ranges the en- 
emy was for a moment confused and Gen. 
Gillem then coming up aided to complete the 
rout. 

Pursuit was given, and many of the enemy 
lay dead along the road, as the Twelfth poured 
into their fleeing ranks volley after volley from 
their carbines. Hurrying forward, Bristol 
was reached just before day. The Yankees 
dashed in, and in less than half an hour Bris- 
tol, with all its immense stores, was ours. 
Halting to complete the destruction of the rebel 
supplies and tearing up the railroad, the col- 
umn again pushed forward to Abington. At 
Abington, Company F, of the Twelfth, a special 
escort of Gen. Burbridge, led the charge, and 
the regiment following, that place was taken, 
with a large number of prisoners and immense 
military supplies. 

Sergt. Sherburn of Company F, and Lieut. 
Holt were both wounded, the former fatally. 
Several others of the regiment were wounded. 

Pushing on, the column struck the army of 
the rebel Gen. Vaughn, which soon broke in 
confusion, and the boys of the regiment joined 
in a headlong chase of five miles, with drawh 
sabers. Many pieces of artillery were here 
taken. 

Without halting, the troops pushed on. 
and on the 12th the regiment had the 
grim satisfaction of leading the charge into 
Saltville, capturing the place where so many 
prisoners were lost a few months previ- 
ous. Every vestige of the place was de- 
stroyed. Returning, Wytheville was cap- 



530 



UNION COUNTY 



tured, and many skirmishes were had in 
the surrounding country. At the close of the 
day on the 17th, a desperate battle was fought 
with the troops of Breckinridge and Vaughn, 
near Marion. Here the brave Orderly Sergeant, 
John Van Pearse. of Company M, was seriously 
wounded while aiding to form the line. 

Maj. Moderwell, the favorite of the regiment, 
was ag'iin among the wounded. Returning from 
this raid, the regiment collected at Lexington to 
draw fresh horses and close up the broken 
ranks. Scattering again, it was a short time 
doing general patrol duty and looking after 
rebel sympathizers and bushrangers in Ken- 
tucky; coming together again the last of Febru- 
ary, at Louisville, Ky., the whole joined Stone- 
man's command and embarked for Nashville 
by river. On through to Murfreesboro, and 
thence to Kuoxville, where a veteran brigade 
was formed by uniting the Twelfth Ohio, 
Fifteenth Pennsylvania and Tenth Michigan 
Cavalries. On the 20th of March, this brigade 
was in motion marching out to Strawberry 
Plains, thence on through Bull's Gap, Jones- 
boro to Yadkin Paver. The stream was badly 
swollen, and several comrades drowned. Uriah 
Jolly was rescued here by Comrade Cam- 
eron. 

Pausing a short time to close up the ranks, 
the forces swept on galloping through Jackson- 
ville, on to the line of the Virginia & Tennes- 
see Railroad at Christiansbury. This road was 
torn up and destroyed for many miles. Sweep- 
ing down into North Carolina, the Danville & 
Richmond Railroad was struck and destroyed 
for a great distance. 

Hastening on, the troops brought up before 
Salisbury, a rebel force under Pemberton with 
several pieces of artillery came out to defend 
the town. Scarcely halting, the Twelfth led on 
the charge, and in spite of all opposition, 
Salisbury was soon in flames, many Union 
prisoners were released, and immense quanti- 
ties of military stores consigned to the flames. 
On the 17th of April, the regiment marched on 
to Lincolnton, which place was captured by a 
charge led by Company C, of the Twelfth, un- 
der Lieut. Stewart ; 200 picked men, under 
Maj. Moderwell were now chosen to march 
eighty miles to the Catawba River crossingand 
destroy the bridge of the Charlotte & South 
Carolina Railroad. On the morning of the 
80th, they came across the forces of Vaughn 
and Duke. Sweeping down upon them, cut 
their way through, captured thirty-five prison- 
ers, a large quantity of small arms and two 
pieces of cannon and some seven officers and 
228 men ; paroling the prisoners on the spot, 
the command returned to the regiment at Dal- 
las, Company C having some wounded, but not 
fatally. On the 23d, the regiment started for 
Knoxville ; but learning that President Lincoln 
had been assassinated, they joined in a head- 
long chase after Davis. Finally returning to 
Sweet Water, Tenn., thence on to McMinville, 
thence to Nashville, on the 24th of November, 



the regiment was discharged. Of 1,462 men, 
only 628 remained. 

Thus melted away and passed into history 
the brave and patriotic Twelfth Ohio Cavalry. 

COMPANY C. 

Corp. William Bushing, e. September 26, 1863, disc. No- 
vember 14, 1865. 

Corp. Jesse L. Cameron, e. October 23, 1863, disc. August 
31, 1865. 

Corp. Uriah Jolly, e. October 15, 1863, disc. November 14, 
1865. 

Chanuell, William S., e. September 7, 1863, died in hos- 
pital at Lexington, Ky., August 10, 1864. 

Moore, H. S., e. October 5, 1863, disc. November 14, 1865. 

Routt, E. E., e. September 7, 1863, disc. November 14, 
1865. 

Smith, Joseph, e. October 21, 1863, disc. November 14, 
1865. 

COMPANT D. 

Edgar, Jacob, e. October 1, 1863, disc. October 1, 1865. 

COMPANY I. 

Ackely, Jacob, e. November 6, 1863, disc. November 14, 
1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Corp. William H. Davis, e. September 27, 1863, disc. Oc- 
tober 12, 1865, wounded and taken prisoner June 8, 
1864. 

COMPANY M. 

Sergt. John Van |Pease, e. October 9, 1863, wounded and 
taken prisoner at Marion, Va., December, 1864, disc, by 
General Order No. 77, dated at Washington April 28, 
1865, disc. June 10, 1865. 

THIRTEENTH OHIO CAVALRY. 

The Thirteenth Ohio Cavalry was organized 
May 6, 1804, under Col. Stephen R. Clark. It 
immediately joined the Army of the Potomac, 
and, acting as infanti-y, participated in the 
battles of White House Landing and Charles 
City, in the siege of Petersburg and in the en- 
gagements at Weldon Railroad, Ream's Station, 
Poplar Grove Church, Pegram's Farm and 
Boydtown Plank-road. In December, 1864, 
the regiment received cavalry equipments. It 
took part in the battle at Hatcher's Run, aided 
in the rout, destruction and capture of the 
army under Lee, and was mustered out of the 
service August 10, 1865. 

COMPANY A. 

Corp. George Moder, e. February 22, 1864, disc. August 
10, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Blacksmith E. L. Bicbardson, e. December 17, 1864 
disc. May 3, 1865. 

COMPANY 0. 

Wright, G. W., e. February 10, 1864, disc. June 5, 1865. 

COMPANY G. 

Second Lieut. J. E. Corey, e. December 17, 1863, wounded 
at Mooriield, died at home, disc. June 5, 1865. 

Corp. Lewis Logan, e. April 24, 1864, wounded at Rich- 
mond, disc. May 25, 1865. 

Corey, C. L., e. February 24, 1864, disc. August 25,1865. 

Green, John, e. April 5, 1864, disc. June 5, 1865, died at 
home. 

Morrow, W. M., e. March 28, 1864, disc. June 16, 1865. 

Morrow, John A., e. March 20, 1864, disc. June 5, 1865. 

UNION LIGHT GUARD.* 

" This organization was perfected in Decem- 
ber of 1863, and was intended by Gov. Tod as 

♦Taken from " Ohio in the War." 



MILITARY RECORD. 



531 



the body-guard of President Lincoln. The 
Governor had previously visited Washington, 
and while there noticed the unguarded situa- 
tion of the capitol, the President's house and 
the person of President Lincoln, and knowing 
the desperate character of the Cabinet at Rich- 
mond, he came home somewhat apprehensive 
for the safety of the public offices, and more 
especially for the life of the President. He at 
once commenced raising the Union Light 
Guard, by I'ecruiting one man in each county 
of the State. By December 22, 1868, the com- 
pany was completed, and on the morning of 
that day it started for Washington City. 

"Reaching the capital, its commanding officer 
reported to the Secretary of War, and was as- 
signed to duty in and around the city, a strong 
detail being placed near the President's house, 
the Treasury building. War office, and other 
public buildings. 

"In this description of duty the Union Light 
Guard served through 1863-64-65, and part of 
1866, when it was sent home to Ohio, paid, and 
mustered out of the service. Its original 
strength was 103 men." 

Quartermaster Sergt. W. P. AndersoD, e. November 30, 
1863, disc. September 9, 1865. 

Sergt. W. J. Barbour, e. November 14, 1863, disc. Septem- 
ber 9, 1865. 

Lawrence, Joseph, e. November, 1863, disc. September 9, 
1865. 



SEVENTH INDEPENDENT COMPANY SHARP-SHOOT- 
ERS, OR Sherman's body guard. 

This company was mustered into the service 
for three years, at Cleveland. Ohio, on the 27th 
of January, 1863, with the following commis- 
sioned officers : Watson C. Squire, Captain ; 
William McCrory, First Lieutenant; and James 
Cox, Second Lieutenant. 

This Company first served under Gens. Rose- 
crans and Thomas, and participated in the 
battles of Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain and 
Mission Ridge. 

At the commencement of the Atlanta cam- 
paign, was ordered to Gen. Sherman's head- 
quarters, and remained on duty near the per- 
son of the Commanding General until the close 
of the war. 

The Company was commanded by Capt. 
Squire until he was detailed as Judge Advo- 
cate, after the battle of Chickamauga ; then by 
Capt. McCrory, except during the march to 
the sea, when, in the absence of Capt. Mc- 
Crory, Lieut. Cox assumed command. 

The Company was mustered out at Camp 
Chase on the 28th of July, 1865. 

COMPANY 7. 

Capt. William M. McCrory, e. October 8, 1862. 

Sergt. William M. Hains, e. August 28, 1862, disc. July 

12, 1865. 
Corp. N. G. Dillon, e. October 12, 1862, disc. March 10, 

1865. 
Atha, P. H., e. October 18, 1862, died at Camp Dennison, 

1864. 
Bushon, James, e. February 28, 1864, disc. July 28, 1865. 
Dirfliuger, L., e. February 25, 1864, disc. July 28, 1865. 
Dirflinger, E., e. February 25, 1864, disc. July 28, 1865. 
Davidson. William, e. October 8, 1862, disc. July 28, 1865. 



Dickson, Samuel, e. October 11, 1862, disc. September 8, 

1863. 
Furrow, James, e. ^■•l.lu■•l\ _' ■, I'rci taken prisoner at 

Kingston, Ga., 1864, disc. June 9, 1865. 
Furrow, Edward, e. February 25, 1862, taken prisoner at 

Kingston, Ga., 1864, disc. June 9, 1865. 
Foote, George W. 
Foote, Andrew J., e. February 28, 1864, disc. July 28, 

1865. 
Foote, Thomas I., e. February 28, 1864, died at Chatta- 
nooga, Tenn., March 20, 1865. 
Gnibb, Daniel, e. October 12, 1862, disc. July 28, 1865. 
Grimes, William H., e. February 26, 1862, disc. July 28, 

1865. 
Huffman, John, e. February 28, 1864, disc. July 28. 1866, 
Johnson, James E., e. October 18, 1862, disc. July 28, 

1865. 
Larkum, L., e. October 18, 1862, died at Nashville, Tenn., 

August 20, 1863. 
liingrell, H. C, e. February 28, 1864, disc. July 28, 1865. 
Mclntire, William, e. October 12, 1862, taken prisoner 

near Kingston, Ga., November 8, 1864, disc. June 9, 

1865. 
Mullen, D. M., e. February 28, 1864, disc. July 28, 1865. 
Merser, B., e, October 11, 1862, died in hospital at Mur- 

freesboro, Tenn., April 27, 1863. 
Stickuey , John, e. October 12, 1862, disc. 1865, died at 

home Dec. 11, 1875. 
Yantis, Augustus, e. February 25, 1864, died at Borne, Ga. 

July 11, 1864. 

EIGHTEENTH UNITED STATES INFANTRY. 

About forty men were recruited in Union 
County for this regiment. Of this number fif- 
teen died on the field and in the hospitals, four 
were wounded and three were taken prisoners. 

The Eighteenth Regiment United States In- 
fantry was composed of twenty-four companies. 
The Second Battalion of eight companies was 
organized at Camp Thomas, near Columbus, 
Ohio, during the summer of 1861. H. B. Car- 
rington. who was then Adjutant General of 
Ohio, was appointed Colonel of the regiment. 
Col. Carrington was afterward promoted to 
Brigadier General. 

The regiment was ordered to Kentucky, 
early in the winter of 1861, and its first battle 
was at Mill Springs, under Gen. Thomas. It 
marched with the army under Gen. Buell to 
Pittsburg Landing, took part in the siege of 
Corinth, and was engaged in the battles of Per- 
ryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain and 
Atlanta. The regiment sustained its heaviest 
loss in the engagement at Stone River. 

After the fall of Atlanta, it was transferred 
to the Twenty-third ("orps, and fought under 
Gen. Schofield at Franklin and Nashville, Tenu., 
then moved with the corps to the Department of 
the East, and at the close of the war was at 
Fort Fisher. 

During the greater part of the war, the regi- 
ment was commanded by Maj. Townsand. It 
was a splendid regiment, and saw much hard 
service in the Army of the Cumberland. On 
every battle-field where it fought the Eight- 
eenth was conspicuous for the bravery of its 
officers and men. 

COMPANY A . 

Brown, Ira, e. September, 1862. 

Crist, Alfred, e. October, 1861, died at Lebanon, Ky., De- 
cember, 1862. 
Courtright, A., wounded on picket in Tennessee. 
Henderson, George A. 

Johnson, A. A., e. September 19, 1861, disc. May 9, 1862. 
Kezerty, Tip, disc. 1862. 



532 



UNION COUNTY 



KnNey, George. 

LaRue, W. H., e. September 12, 1861, killed at Chicka- 

uiauga, Ga., September 20, 1863. 
Loop, J. P., e. August 3, 1861, disc. June 27, 1862. 
Phips, Aaron, disc. 1863. 
Rboads, Orville, e. September 9, 1861, taken prisoner at 

Suake Creek, Ga., June 17, 1864, died in Anderson ville 

prison August, 1864. 
Khoads, W. W., e. September 9, 1861, disc. February 16, 

1863. 
Sash, Charles, disc. 1862. 

COMPANT C. 

Browning, H. A., e. August, 1861, disc. 1864. 

COMPANY D. 

tiergt. Charles Andrews, 

Sergt. Joseph Kahler, e. August 6,1861, disc. March 7, 

1867. 
Anderson, James, e. September 4, 1861, killed at Dallas, 

Ga., 1864. 
Brittian, John, e. August 6, 1861, died at Nashville, 

Tenn. 
Beals, George W , e. August 6, 1861, died at Nashville, 

Tenn., 1862. 
Harper, Elisha. 

Holycross, Henry, e. 1861, died at Lebanon, Ky., 1861. 
Philips, Daniel. 

Rider, Henry, killed at Ringgold, Ga., 1863. 
Stierhoof, George, killed at Stone River, Tenn., December 

31, 1862. 

COMPANY E. 

Woolly, John, e. September 1, 1861, disc. June, 1865. 

COMPANY F. 

Sergt. R. W. Evans, e. October 22, 1861, disc. October 22, 

1864. 
Corp. Charles W. Bell, e. October 22, 1861, disc. October 

22, 1864, wounded and taken prisoner at Stone River, 

Tenn., January 1, 1863. 
Cheney, Alonzo, died at Lebanon, Ky., December, 1862. 
Converse, Jasper, e. August, 1861, disc. August, 1864. 
Wilson, George, missing at Cbickamauga, Ga., September 

20, 1863. 
White, Alexander. 

COMPANT G. 

Sergt. G. J. McAdow, e. November 23, 1861, disc. Novem- 
ber 23, 1864, wounded at Cbickamauga, Ga., September 
20, 1863. 

McAdow, James W., e. September 15, 1862, killed at Cbick- 
amauga, Ga., September 20, 1863, 

Riderner, Henry, e. September, 1861, killed at Resaca, 
Ga., 1864. 

COMPANY H. 

Sergt. James McClung, e. March 4, 1862, disc. 1865, 
wounded at Cbickamauga, Ga., September 20, 1863. 

Sergt. W. M. Myers, e. January, 1862. disc. September, 
1863, taken prisoner at Cbickamauga, Ga., September 
20, 1863. 

Debolt, John W., e. March, 1862, disc. March, 1865, taken 
prisoner at Munfordsville, Ky. 

Dial, Amos, e. 1863, died at Chattanooga, Tenn. 

Gamble, Robert. 

Gamble, William, missing at Cbickamauga, Ga., Septem- 
ber 20. 1863. 



FIRST REGIMENT UNITED STATE.S COLORED TROOPS. 
COMPANY O. 

Mitchell, N., e. November, 1863, wounded at Black 
Water, Mo., February, 1865. 



FIFFH REGIMENT U. S. C. T. 

This regiment was organized during the 
summer and fall of 1863, and Col. J. W. Conine 
was commissioned commander. 

In December, it joined Gen. Wild in the raid 
to Elizabeth City, N. C. ; in January, 1864, 
moved to Yorktown, and in May accompanied 
Gen. Butler in the expedition against Fortress 
Monroe and Petersburg. 



From the beginning of the siege of Peters- 
burg, in June, until the 15th of August, the 
regiment was almost constantly in the trenches, 
building forts, or on the skirmish line ; and on 
the 29th of September took an active part in 
the battle of Chapin's Farm, the storming of 
New Market Heights, and the capture of Fort 
Harrison. It joined Gen. Terry's expedition 
against Fort Fisher and Wilmington, and was 
afterward engaged in the assault on Sugar 
Loaf and Fort Anderson ; then marched to 
Raleigh. N. C. 

The Fifth was discharged on the loth of Oc- 
tober, 1865, at Columbus, Ohio. 

COMPANY A. 

Mayo, George W., wounded at Petersburg, Va., July 39, 

1864. 
Dious, Patrick, e. January, 1864, disc. April, 1865. 

COMPANY D. 

Johnson, A. J., e. August 25, 1864, disc. August 28, 186*. 

COMPANY E. 

Taborn, James, e. January, 1865, disc. April, 1865. 
Taborn, John, e. January, 1865. 



Hill. William. 



COMPANY H. 



TWELFTH REGIMENT V. 3. C. T. 
COMPANY M. 

Sanders, Streeter, e. January 17, 1865, disc. January 29, 
1866. 



TWENTY-SEVENTH REGIMENT V. S. C. T. 

The Twenty-seventh Regiment U. S. Colored 
Troops was organized at Camp Delaware, iu 
January, 1864, under Col. Blackburn, Com- 
panies A and B being composed of recruits 
from Union and Logan Counties. 

In April, the regiment entered the field, and 
having been assigned to the First Brigade, 
Fourth Division, Ninth Army Corps, com- 
menced the campaign of 1864 in Virginia. It 
took a prominent part in the assault upon 
Cemetery Hill, Petersburg, Va., on the 30th of 
July, 1864. this being the first engagement 
in which the regiment was actively engaged. 
Of the troops from Union County, Harrison 
Taborn was killed, and H. H. Chavous and W. 
D. Evans were wounded in this engagement. 

The regiment next shared in the expedition 
against Fort Fisher and in the capture of Fort 
Buchanan, with about five hundred prisoners. 
It then operated in North Carolina until the 
close of the war, when it moved to Columbus, 
Ohio, and was mustered out of the service in 
September, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Sergt. S. Heathcock, e. 1864, disc. 1865. 

Corp. William Mifflin, e. 1864, disc. 1865. 

Chavous, H. H., e. January 11, 1864, wounded at Peters- 
burg, Va., July 30, 1864, disc. February 10, 1865. 

Chavous, James, e. January 8, 1864, disc. September 21, 
1865. 

Evans, W. D.. e. January, 1864, wounded at Petersburg, 
Va., July 30, 1864. 

Taborn, Martin. 

Taborn, Harrison, e. January, 1864, killed at Petersburg, 
Va., July 30, 1864. 

COMPANY G. 

Richardson, M., e. 1864, disc. September, 1865. 





'/^vC^^ .^^.^^^^<^>^^i^^£^:^^l^__ 



MILITARY RECORD. 



533 



COMPANY H. 

Harrison, J. H., e. April, 1864, disc. 1865. 

COMPANY I. 

Butcher, Joseph, e. August 29, 1864, disc. September 4, 

1865. 

FIFTY-FIFTH MASSACHUSETTS C. T. 
KECEUITED IN UNION COUNTY. 

Burns, William, e. May 2.3, 1863. 
Hill, William, e. May 23, 1863. 
Lewis, A. D., e. May 23, 1863. 
Malone, James, e. May 23, 1863. 
Malone, Ezekiel, e. May 23. 1863. 
Owen, O^born, e. May 23, 1863. 
Kichey, Henry, e. May 23, 1863. 
White, George, e. May 23, 1863. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

This list contains the names of soldiers of 
the county where there are only one or two 
represented in an organization, but the ma- 
jority of the names are those of soldiers who 
enlisted from other counties, and many of them 
from other States, but who now reside in the 
. county. 

Ayers, D. W., Company B, Eighty-seventh Pennsylvania 
Infantry, e. March 1, 1864, disc. July 1, 1864. 

Anthony, John, Company A, Third Virginia Volunteer 
Infantry, e. 1862. disc. 1863. 

Anderson, T. T., Company E, United States Engineers, 
e. February 1, 1865, disc. September 1, 1865. 

Adams, P. C , Company G, Eighth Indiana Cavalry, e. 
January, 1864, wounded near Chattanooga June 30, 
1864, disc. June, 1865. 

Andrews, Byron, Fourteenth Heavy Artillery, e. June, 
1861, disc. July, 1865. 

Amrine, R., Company E, Eighteenth Missouri Infantry, 
e. July 27, 1861, disc. July 26, 1805. 

Adams, L., Company L, Second Ohio Volunteer Heavy 
Artillery, e. Juue 5, 1863, disc. September, 1865. 

Bidwell, Benjamin. 

Brannan, K. H., Company B, Seventy-fourth Illinois In- 
fantry, e. 1862, disc. 1864. 

Banks, John, United States Navy, e. 1862, disc. 1864. 

Sergt. T. M. Brannan, Company G, Seventy-sixth Illinois 
Infa 'try, e. August 22, 1862, wounded at Jackson, Miss., 
and i lakely, Ala., disc. July 22, 1865. 

Baldwii A. 

Brown, . ames W. 

Beem, Pi rry A., Company B, Forty-fourth Illinois In- 
fantry, died at Mound City, 111., 1863. 

Beatty, E., Company I, Second Ohio Heavy Artillery, 
e. August 19, 1863, disc. August 23, 1865. 

First Lieut. 0. Beem, Company K, One Hundred and 
Thirty-eighth Illinois National Guards, e. May, 1865, 
disc. Octobfr, 1865. 

Beaver, Willi; m. 

Beaver, John. 

Bell, S. L., Fourteenth Ohio Light Artillery, e. 1862, disc. 
1865. 

Bell, F. L., Fonrieenth Ohio Light Artillery, e. December 
11, 1801, wounded at Atlanta, Ga., 1864, disc. August 9, 
1865. 

Beswick, William, Company K, Ninth Iowa Infantry, e. 
September 17, 1801, disc. July 29, 1865. 

Beams, T. J., Fourteenth Ohio Light Artillery, e. Decem- 
ber 11, 1861, disc. 1865. 

Bellus, A. C., Ninth Iowa Volunteer Infantry, e. May 20, 
1861, disc. June 10, 1865. 

Baugliman, H., Tenth Ohio Light Artillery. 

Baughman, S. II., Tenth Ohio Light Artillery. 

Burgoon, C. W., Company G, Seventh Illinois Volunteer 
Infantry, e. May, 1862, disc. February, 1805. 

Blackburn, M., One Hundred and Ninety-seventh Ohio 
Volunteer Infantry. 

Clark, Isaiah, Twenty-second Ohio Light Artillery, e. May 
13, 1863, disc. July 13, 1865. 

Carder, J. H., Company B, Forty-fourth Indiana Volun- 
teer Infantry, e. January, 1864, disc. 1865. 

Carey, E. M., e. September, 1864, disc. July 7, 1865. 

Cassill, Alexander, Fourteenth Ohio Battery, e. 1861, 
disc. 1864. 



Crist, Alexander, Company F, Seventieth New York 
Volunteer Infantry, e. September 1, 1861, leg shot off 
at Stafford Court House, Va., April 3, 1862, disc. Sep- 
tember 16, 1862. 

Cushman, M., Mechanics' Department, e. 1802, disc. 1864. 

Corp. 0. Culver, Company L, Third Iowa Cavalry, e. May, 

1861, disc. June, 1865. 
Cunningham, T. 

Chamberlain. Isaac, e. September 16, 1862, disc. February 
18, 1863. 

Culver, L., Company L, Third Iowa Cavalry, e. May, 1861, 
di.sc. June, 1805. 

First Lieut. James B. Cole, Fourth United States Cavalry, 
e. June, 1862, disc. 1871. 

Major Llewellyn Curry, United States Navy, Paymaster. 

Steward Daniel Cone, United States Navy, e. January 14, 
1802, disc. September 30, 1802. 

Claflin, H. S., Company D, Twelfth Michigan Volunteer 
Infantry, e. October 13. 1802, disc. February 15, 1866. 

Coffin. Isaac. Company H, Twelfth Kansas Infantry. 

First Lieut. X. N. Dillon, Company M, Ninth Illinois Cav- 
alry, e. May, 1861, killed at Franklin, Tenn., 1864. 

Second Lieut. William C. Dillon, Company M, Ninth Il- 
linois Cavalry, e. May, 1861. disc. June, 1805. 

Davis, A., Company H, e. May, 1804, disc. 1864. 

Sergt. E. J. Drake, Company I, One Hundred and Tenth 
New York Volunteer Infantry, e. August, 1862, disc. 
August, 1864. 

Dilsaver, E.. e. October, 1862, disc. June, 1864. 

Dennis, L. B., Company H, Fifteenth New York Engi- 
neers, e. April, 1801, disc. August, 1863. 

Dow, E. L., Thirteenth Ligtit Artillery. 

Eaton, Charles, Thirty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 
died at home June 1.5, 1863. 

Evans, William. 

Lieut. D. T. Elliott, Company I, Nineteenth Indiana Bat- 
tery, Independent ; One Hundred and Forty-seventh 
Indiana Volunteer Infantry, e. August 3, 1861, wounded 
at Perry ville, Ky., October, 1802, and at Nashville, 
Tenn.; taken prisoner at Chattanooga, Tenn., disc. 1805. 

Fields, H. E. W., One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Veteran 
Reserve Corps, e. February 27, 1864, disc. July 20, 1865. 

Foote, George W., Thirteenth Battery. 

Fleming, William M., Company C, Third Virginia Cav- 
alry, e. August, 1864, disc. June, 1865. 

Focht, D., Fifteenth Battery, e. December, 1863, disc. 
July, 1865. 

Orderly D. S. Ferguson, Company G, One Hundred and 
Thirtieth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, e. April, 1861, 
disc. December, 1865. 

Gum, R. G., Tenth Ohio Battery, e. January 20, 1864, 
disc. May 28, 1864. 

Galliher, Thomas. 

Horr, C. S., Company C, Sixth Michigan Volunteer In- 
fantry, e. August, 1862, disc. 1865. 

Heath, A. J., Twenty-second Indiana Infantry, e. Jan- 
uary 12, 1863, disc. July 14, 1865. 

Capt. John Hobensack, Company F, First New Jersey Cav- 
alry, e. August 1, 1861, wounded at Cedar Mountain, 
Va., and at New Hope Church, Va., disc. July 10, 1865. 

Sergt. W. C. Hastings, Company K, One Hundred and 
Thirty-eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, e. May 12, 
1804, disc. 1805. 

Haag, John M., Company I, Twenty-third Iowa Volun- 
teer Infantry, e. August 10, 1802, disc. July 26, 1865 

Haines, William M., e. August, 1862, taken prisoner at 
Kingston, disc. 1865. 

Harrison, A. 

Harper, Thomas A., Company B, Fourth Veteran Reserve 
Corps, e. October 30, 1861, disc. November 8, 1864. 

Henderson, E. Artillery. 

Hornbeck, T., Company F, Thirty-fifth Indiana Volun- 
teer Infantry, e. December, 1864, disc. November, 1865. 

Hemiuger, G. F., Company H, Twenty-second Iowa Vol- 
unteer Infantry, e. August 14, 1802, wounded at Vicks- 
burg, Miss., died at Memphis, Tenn., June 8, 1803. 

Hill, Thomas, Company G, Twentieth Illinois Volunteer 
Infantry, e. April 24, 1861, disc. July 9, 1864. 

Harris, 0. I., Company B, One Hundred and Eighty-first 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry. 

Hartley, F. P., Company A, Third Illinois Cavalry, e. Au- 
gust, 1861, disc. March, 1862. 

Lieut. E. S. Hubbard, Company C, First Connecticut 
Heavy Artillery, e. October 3, 1801, disc. 1865. 

Sergt. F. Jennings, Company A, Ninety-sixth Pennsylva- 
nia Volunteer Infantry, e. February 15, 1862, disc. June 
26,1865. 

Jackson, Andrew, Company C, First Pennsylvania Cav- 
alry, e. July 1, 1861, wounded at Cedar Mountain, Va., 

1862, taken prisoner at Richmond, 1864. 



534 



UNION COUNTY 



Corp. Thomas Keberry, O^mpany A, Third Illinois In- 
fantry, e. January, 1864 disc. 1S65. 

Kent, Warren, Company K, e. May 1, 1864, disc. August 
8, 1864. 

Kesot, Isaiah, Company E, Sixty-ninth Indiana Volun- 
teer Inrantr.y e. November, wounded at Mobile, Ala., 
April 9, 1864, disc. November 22, 1864. 

Kinney, George, Company F, Eighth Michigan Cavalry, 
e. November 22, 1862, taken prisoner .January 18, 1864, 
disc. 1865. 

Kimble, John, One Hundred and Ninety-seventh Ohio 
Volunteer Infantry. 

Kyle, William. Conipany B, Thirty-seventh Iowa Volun- 
teer Infantry, e. May 2, 1864, disc. May 28, 1864. 

Kent, P., Company D, Ninth Minnesota Infantry, e. Au- 
gust, 1862, disc. August, 1864. 

Lower, Samuel, Company G. 

Leonhard. Alexander, Thirteenth Ohio Battery, e. No- 
vember 28, 1861, disc. November 27, 1865. 

Lock, Benjamin, Company D, Ninteenth Illinois Volun- 
teer Infantry, e. April, 1861. 

Latimer, George W., United States Signal Corps, e. Feb- 
ruary 2!i, 1865, disc. 1865. 

Low, Clark, Fourteenth Battery. 

Logan, L., Artillery. 

McFarland, A. H., Company C, First Maryland Cavalry, 
e. November 11, 1862, disc. July 3, 1865. 

McAdams, Perry, Company K, First United States Cav- 
alry. 

McCampbell, J. L., Company C, First Ohio Heavy Artil- 
lery. 

Melching, F. W., Company G, Twenty-first Illinois Vol- 
unteer Artillery, e. June, 1861, disc. December, 1865. 

Miller, John. 

Mallory, J. S., Company H, Thirty-seventh Illinois Vol- 
unteer Artillery, e. August 10, 1863, disc. February 23, 
1865. 

Morris, John P., Gunboat service. 

Nick, ('., e. September, 1862, died at Nashville, Tenn. 

Numeral, W. 

Patch, H., Company H, Fifteenth Veteran Reserve Corps, 
e. August, 1862, disc. July, 1865. 

Poling, 0., e. August, 1863, disc. 1863. 

Price, David, e. March, 1865, disc. July 30, 1865. 

Powers, J. B., Second Battery, e. May, 1862, died at 
Murfreesboro, 1863. 

Corp. 0. S. G. Perry, Forty-first Illinois Volunteer Ar- 
tillery, e. August, 1861, died at Jackson, Miss , Septem- 
ber, 1862. 

Perry, John, Ohio Dragoons, e. December 18, 1861, disc. 
February 8, 1862. 

Perry, George S., Forty-first Illinois Volunteer Artillery, e. 
Novenibf-r, 1861, died at Paducah, Ky., December, 1861. 

Paugh. Richaid. 

Page. Thomas, One Hundred and Sixtieth Veteran Re- 
serve Corps, e. August, 1862, disc. June, 1865. 

Pyers J. M., Company H, Seventeenth United States In- 
valid Corps, e. August, 1862, disc. March, 1864. 

Roseberrv, L., Company E, Seventy-ninth Indiana, e. 
September 24, 1861, disc. 1863. 

Surgeon R. A. Robertson, Nineteenth Michigan Volun- 
teer Infantry, e. May 12,1862, resigned June 25, 1864. 

Robbins, .Tohn, Company A, Fifth Indiana Battery, e. 
July 3, 1863, disc. February 15, 18(31. 

Rifharda, .Joseph, Fourteenth Light Artillery. 

Pyden, W. P., Company C, Seventh Maryland Volunteer 
Infantry. 

Reed, Nelson C, Gunboat service, e. March 15, 1864, disc. 
March 27, 1865, served on United States gunboat 
" Nymph." 

Reed. Alexander, Company H, Seventh Iowa Volunteer 
Infantry, e. July 20, 1861, disc. December 26, 1861. 
Wounded. 

First L'eut. George Ruehlen, Seventeenth United States 
Infantry, e. June 1, 1868. 

Souih, S. C, Company D, Twenty-sixth Indiana Volun- 
teer Infantry, e. May, 1861, disc. 1861. 

Southwirk J. A., Company E, Twelltli Indiana Volunteer 
Cavalry, e. August 12, 1862, disc. June 16, 1865. 

Corp. I. J. Sigler, Company G, Twelfth Veteran Reserve 
Corps, e. D'cember, 1861, disc. December, 1864. 

Spring, James A. 

Swe'i ringer, Peter, Company D, Seventh United States In- 
fantry, e. March 29, 1870, disc. March 29, 1875. 

Stanton, A., Company L, Fourth Illinois Cavalry, e. Sep- 
tember, 1861, disc. September, 1864. 
Sorgt. J. C. Stubert, Company K, Merritt's Horse Regi- 

iment e. September 9. 1861, disc. October, 1864. 
Savage. R. G. Tenth Ohio Light Artillery, e. January, 
1862, disx:. January, 1863. 



Sanderson , William N., Company B, First Iowa Cavalry, 
e. March 4, 1864, disc. November 15, 1865. 

Stiner, Joseph, Company F, United States Engineers, e. 
August 8, 1862, disc, j'une 27, 1865. 

Schatz, W. F., Company 6, Thirty-eighth Pennsylvania 
.\rtillery, e. August 22, 1862, disc. August 3. 1865. 

Tway, Nelson, Seventh Indiana Cavalry, e. May 7, 1863, 
disc. September 5, 1864. 

Corp. W. T. Tway, Company G, Thirty-third Indiana, In- 
fantry, e. 1861, taken piisoner at Thompson's Station, 
March 5,1863, disc. June 26. 1864. 

Ta\lor, M. F., e Ju'y, 1861, disc. November, 1861. 

Thomas, George W., Company C, Fifty-fifth Missouri 
Volunteer Infantry, e. May 15, 1863, disc. 1865. 

Thompson, R'chard, Company A, Twenty-first Illinois 
Volunteer Infantry, e. June 15, 1861, disc. October 11 
1862. 

Thomas, A. J., e. January, 1863, disc. 1865. 

Musician A. W. Torrence, Second Brigade, Third Division 
Sixth Army Corps, e. December, 1863, disc. April, 1865. 

Corp. A. S., Turner, Compan.y C, e. August 5, 1862, taken 
prisoner March 27, 1864, disc. 1865. 

Valentine, W. M., Company K, Thirteenth Missouri Vol- 
unteer Infantry, e. 1861, died September 26, 1862. 

Van Gordon, J. W., Company G, Thirty-third Illinois 
Volunteer Infiantry, disc. December 24, 1865. 

Wood, W. T., Company D, One Hundred and Seventh Ill- 
inois Volunteer Infantry. 

Woods, H., Company I, Sixth Veteran Reserve Corps, e. 
August, 1862, disc. July, 1865. 

Winget, M. L., Company G, Seventh Missouri Volunteer 
Infantry, e. June, 1861, disc. June 14, 1864. 

Warner, Charles Q., Company H, Fifty-eighth Illinois 
Volunteer Infantry, e. December, 1862, disc. August, 
186.5. 

Wintrode, J., Company G, Eighty-seventh Pennsylvania 
Volunteer Infantry, e. April, 1862, disc. July, 1865. 

Adjt. C. R. Winget, Seventy-third Illinois Volunteer In- 
fantry, killed at Chickamauga, Ga., September 20, 1863. 

Sergt. L. Wurtsbaugh, Company D, Seventh United 
States Infantry, e. March 29, 1870, died at Fort Shaw, 
Mon. Ter.. December, 1872. 

Woodrutf, William, Company C, First Kentucky Battery, 
e. August 19, 1861, disc. 1865. 

Wells, Jeremiah, Company D, Seventh United States In- 
fantry, e. March 29, 1870, died at Fort Shaw, Mod. 
Ter., January 17, 1873. 

Walke, William. One Hundred and Sixtieth Reserve 
Corps, p. August, 1862, disc. June, 1865. 

Wells, Edward. 

Webster, W. A. 

W'elsh, L. A., United States Signal Corps. 

Watt, Horace, Fifth Indian;i Battalion, e. August, 1863, 
disc. March, 1864. 

WHiitacre, E., Fourteenth Battalion. 

Weldon, Robert, Company K, e. August 10, 1864, wounded 
at Deep Bottom, Va.. 1864, disc. 1865. 

.SIEGE OF CINCINNATI. 

When Ohio was threatened by invasion in 
September, 1862, Cincinnati especially being 
in danger of desfruction, and the Governor 
called for intnediate help, hundreds of strong 
men poured forth from every county in the 
State. 

On horseback and on foot — in companie.«!, 
battalions and regiments — with squirrel rifles, 
shot-guns and bayoneted muskets — in regula- 
tion uniforms and in plain home-spun, they 
hurried forward to the music of the soul-stir- 
ring drum and fife, and took their places in the 
ranks of war. 

Inside of three days Cincinnati was swarm- 
ing with legions of brave soldiers, and "from 
early dawn to dewy eve," the streets re- 
sounded to the tre.ad of martial columns. 

The rebels were before the city about eight 
days, but it was not attacked. And soon after 
their withdrawal, the men who were thereaf 
ter to be known in history as " squirrel-hunt 
ers," were permitted to return to their homes 



MILITARY RECORD. 



535 



SftUlEREL HUKTEKS IN SEKVICE SEPTEMBER, 1862. 

Captain, Charles Fnllington. 
First Lieutenant, R. Smith. 
Second Lieutenant, K. B. Linman. 
Sergeant, J. C. Filler. 
Sergeant, Joseph Keltner 
Sergeant, H. C. Tutrign. 
Sergeant, A. M. Sherwood. 
Corporal, David Danforth. 
Corporal, B. G. Dolbier. 
Corporal, Charles Erb. 
Corporal, W. H. Fleck. 
Corporal, 0. Griswold. 
Corporal, William Howard. 
Corporal, Anthony Moran. 
Cori oral, Charles Philips. 



PRIVATES. 



Argo, P. S. 
Beck, Thomas. 
Black, N. N. 
Burnham, H. A. 
Berwin, W. 
Bland, Peter. 
.Beard, F. 
Beard, D. 
Box by, Joseph. 
Bodkin, William C. 
Bennett, John F. 
Bidwell, Joseph. 
Carter, C. M. 
Cobit, John. 
Curry, Addison. 
Crusan, W. 
Crowstan, D. R. 
Danforth, Hyram. 
Dort.J. B. 
Dort, J. B. 
Diehl, W. 
Dixon, H. 
Dilland. H. 
Evans, B. D. 
Fritz, Jacob. 
Flowers, J. W. 
Fay, D. C. 
Goih, John. 
Gillespie, J. H. 
Gibson, Samuel. 
Hopkins, J. M. 
Hill, A. 

Kimerly, Frederick. 
King, H. J. 
Kent. George. 
Lock wood, F. 
Lansdown, Picket. 
Lape, Zachariah. 
Myers, A. E. 
Mears, J. M. 



Marrim, John. 
Maker, Albert. 
Morris, A. 
Miller, Harrison. 
McCune, Zachariah. 
Morse, Wallace H. 
Morse, John. 
Morse, Bay G. 
Mitchell, Ross. 
Nuffman, John. 
Nuflman, A. W. 
Orahood, John. 
Orahood, W. W. 
Reed, C. 
Reed, Allen. 
Reed, Samuel. 
Richey, William. 
Richmond, J. W. 
Stewart, G. 
Scott, Samuel. 
Smith, R. B. 
Sterns, Justin, 
f^mith, Harvey. 
Smith, (!. W. 
Smith, James. 
Sands, A. 
Spur J. T. 
Spindle, AmoB. 
Thompson, D. W. 
Turner, W. 
Turner, V. 
Voree, J. H. 
Van ess, J. 
Walker, A. 
W'aike, Isaac. 
Wilkins, R. 
Wise, Samuel. 
Wilcox, J. B. 
Wilcox, William. 
Wenille, Joseph. 



In 1863, over twenty thousand soldiers, the 
remnants of about eighty Ohio regiments — 
that for three years had endured the hard- 
ships of camp life, the suiferings of the march, 
and the horrors of many battle-fields — offered 
themselves anew, a willing sacritice to their 
country's need, by re-enlisting in the same 
regiment for " three years more, or during the 
war." 

Of these regiments, the Sixty-sixth was the 
first to return to the State after its re-eulist- 
ment. on the veteran furlough of thirty days, 
by which the Government, expressed, in a 
measure, its gratitude and admiration for their 
loyalty and patriotism. It arrived at Colum- 
bus, Ohio, on the 26th of December, 1863, and 
was followed in rapid succession by a stream 
of others. 

While home their broken ranks were filled 
wi>h new recruits, and after "a month of joys 
and pleasures, a day of leave-taking and 



tears," they again took the field, perhaps for 
three years, perhaps never to return. 

SECOND OHIO VOLUNTEEE INFANTKY. 

Doudna, Benjamin. 

TENTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Hay den, W. W. 

THIRTEENTH OHIO VOLUNTEEK INFANTRY. 



Andrews, H. D. 
Child, Isaac 
Clark, David 
Coe, Joseph 
Courtney, D. W. 
Doty, Samuel 
Draper, John 
Draper, B. 
Draper, Gideon 
Farnham, W. H. 



Foote, A. H. 
Gibson, Joseph 
Graham, P. B. 
Griffith, E. M. 
Kennedy, H. H. 
Price, John C. 
Thompson, Tyler 
Wilson, William H. 
Wheeler, W. H. 



FIFTEENTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Burwell, H. 

SfVENTEENTH OHIO VOLf NTEER INFANTRY. 

Andrews, C. C. Grubbs, Benjamin 

Btuer, P. H. Jordan, W. U. 

Ballinger, H. M. Logan, George 

Corbet, John Logan, Ephraim 

Connow, James Spencer, Samuel 

Cowgill, J. G. Straiten, D. L. 

Decker, H. H. Walker, Samuel 
Grubbs, Thomas 

TWENTIETH OHIO VOLUNTEEK INFANTRY. 

Case, E. W. McMahan, W. W. 

TWENTY-SECOND OHIO VOLUNTpER INFANTRY. 

Jacobs, Charles H. 

TWENTY-THIRD VOLDNTEER INFANTRY. 

Huffman, C. W. Spencer, James S. 

McDowell, T. C. Spicer, William 

TWENTY-SIXTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Howison, W. L. 

TWENTY-SEVENTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTKY. 

Cooper, J. H. 



THIRTIETH OHIO 

Beach, Amos 
Beach, Joseph 
Beach, Horace 
Burton, B. 
Bain, J. D. 
Buckley, Joseph 
Buckley, Samuel 
Collier, William 
Dennis, W. C. 
Engle, John 
Freblnvater, George 
Graham, H. 
Huffine, W. H. 
Hufliner, Lewis 
Hahn, W. F. 
Hahn, W. H. 
Hill, Andrew 
Laccource, A. 



VOLUNTEER INFANTKY. 

Laymaster, D. D. 
Martin, Theodore 
Moore, F. M. 
Merryman, J. M. 
Mahaffy, Alexander 
Mclntire, James 
Noble, Lewis C. 
Porter, John A. 
Perry, Luther 
Roney, Hiram 
Skinner, L. B. 
Smith, 0. D. 
Stephens, Saulsberiy. 
Thomas, Byron 
Urton.T. P. 
Warner, Elijah 
Wells, Addison 
Wallace, A. J. 



THIRTY-FIRST OHIO VOLUNTEEK INFANTRY. 



Andrews, H. D. 
Argo, Emanuel 
Brighaiii, Eaton 
Brake, William M. 
Babbs, John C 
Bault, R. N. 
Bault, R. W. 
Bethard, Thomas 
Craven, B. F. 
Clark, Emanuel 
Chapman, T. H. 



Chapman, Jesse 
Cahill, James A. 
Carter, J. N. 
Cahill, David J. 
Cooley, James 
Carter, Cyrus 
Cair, Wm. W. 
Dodds, R. C. 
Elliott, John 
Eastman, R. H. 
Fields, John 



536 



UNION COUNTY 



Filler, Charles W. 
Gladhill, J. 
Glasscock, Joseph 
Gilliland, N. P. 
Harriman, Joshua 
Harriman, George 
Holden, Jacob 
Higgins, A. J. 
Lister, Elijah 
Laurence, J. S. 
McKee, W. W. 
McNeil, Samuel 
Miller, J. J. 
North, James A. 
Oatley, Jerome 

TIIIBTV-SECOND 

Bates, J. L. R. 
Bates, Ancil 
Bates, Thomas M. 
Brothers, Jesse 
Cook, George \V. 
Chancj', William 
Conner, Florence 
Davis, J. W. 
Diltz, L. G. 
Deavers, Bloses 
Downer, A. N. 
Galloway, S. P. 
Goodyear, W. J. 
Glendening, A. D. 
Groves, D. C. 
Hopkins, Marion 
Hill, William 
Holycross, L. M. 
Hamilton, Isaac 
Hyde, F. E. 
Kurd, L. 
Jacques, Vernon 
Jimpson, Benjamin. 
Jacobs, George E. 
Keys, H. H. 
Lock, Benjamin. 
Lane, John M. 
Lawler, James W. 
McDowell, John P. 
McDowell, Andrew, 



Pinkerton, J. S. 
Price, Joseph 
Roberts, B. F. 
Stout, W. H. H. 
Sterling, David 
Shirk, T. H. 
Swank, N. F. 
Strickland, A. 
Simmons, H. N. W. 
Turner, John 
Turner, Jeremiah 
Williams, R. 
Williams, William 
Wright, C. 0. 
Wells, D. W. 

OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

McDowell, T. C. 
McLain, W. M. 
McCloud, David. 
McCoUums, V. 
McAdams, W. H. 
Mcintosh, H. I. 
Merrifleld, I. W. 
Nelson, J. 9. 
Peters, J. K. 
Peters, George F. 
Robinson, J. B. 
Reed, E. H. 
Reed, Cyrus H. 
Rosecrans, William. 
Sinclair, George. 
Sparks, George M. 
Stark, Gilbert J. 
Stark, Gideon. 
Secrist, S. C. 
Safford, James E. 
Snodgrass, W. G. 
Swisher, C. N. 
Sullivan, M. 
Stewart, C. H. 
Stewart, John. 
Shepherd, J. H, 
Webb, Dwight. 
Wiley, John. 
Wren, Thomas P. 
Welsh. Matthias. 



TniRTY-THIRP OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Acton, William 

THIRTY-EIOHTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Garrett, J. M. Haines, Samuel. 

THIRTY-NINTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Daugherty, Benjamin. 

rORTT-SECOND OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Southard, J. E. 

FORTY-THIRD OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Banks, Samuel J. Noggle, Andrew. 

Noggle, VV. D. 

FORTY-FOURTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Botkins, T. Ferguson, N. 

Botkins, J. B. Hurt, Alex. 

FORTY-SIXTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Andrews, William G. Ketner, Rnfus. 



Bennett, William. 
Graham, C. M. 
Harriot, William B. 



Obedier, William. 
Smith, Aldem. 
Webb, George. 



FIFTY-THIED OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Skidmore, George. 

FIFTY-FOURTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Andrews. A. R. Goff, R. N. 

Allen, G. W. Lavine,T. H. 

Cook, David. Nessle, George. 

Clark, James. Starr, .John. 

Case, Alfred. Stevens, Marion. 

Ferguson, A. J. Wade, Thomas. 

Goldsberry, M. Weiser, J. H. 
Goldsberry, W. 



FIFTY-EIGHT OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Reichling, John. Smith, David. 
Richey, J. G. 

SIXTY-THIRD OHIO VOLUNTEEB INFANTRY. 

Organ, M. G. Seville, T. V. 

SIXTY-FIFTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 

McGuire, J. N. 



SIXTY-SIXTH 

Amrine, Alfred. 
Amrine, John W. 
Beightler, Daniel. 
Burris, Murtin. 
Bancroft, AVilliam. 
Cody, Edward. 
Draper, Henry. 
Elliott, Felix. 
Edgington, J. 
Griffith, Daniel. 
Gibson, F. M. 
Goal, J. W. 
Guy, James, 
Guy, William. 
Gray, James. 
Grow, George. 
Horney, J. 
Kent, Thomas. 



OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Mcllroy, J M. 
Myers, J. K. 
Maggs, James F. 
Mills, James. 
McGlinn, James. 
Monroe, D. B. 
McKitrick, J. H. 
Orahood, H. P. 
Sharp, Henry. 
Shout, I. 
Smith, John. 
Smith, J. F. 
Smith, Matthias. 
Scott, William. 
Sharp, B. B. 
Wilcox, Charles E. 
Wyant, John J. 
Welsh, Nathan. 



SEVENTY-FOURTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Dawson, William. 



SEVENTY-SIXTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Brooks, J. p. Tilton, J. W. 



Dull, John. 

Surgeon Andrew Sabine. 



Tracy, Henry. 



SEVENTY-EIGHTH OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 

Furgeson, W. Fry, W. F. 

EIGHTY-SECOND OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 



Alexander, G. B. 
Alexander, J. J. 
Ault, W. D. 
Biggs, Henry. 
Bolenbaugh, D. D. 
Bombaugh, Lewis. 
Burgoon, W. S. 
Boyd, W. H. H. 
Boyer, A. D. 
Curl, C. S. 
Cahill, T. B. 
Davis, J. P. 
Davis, Washington. 
Fawn, George. 
Henson, D. 
Horn, Thornton. 
Hyde, W. D. 
Hill, Peter. 
Horn, Thomas. 
Kennedy, George W. 
Kepler, A. H. 

FIRST OHIO 

Armine, T. H. 
Allen, F. P. 
Burrows, E. 
Cole, M. C. 
Curry, W. L. 
Halliday, Thomas. 
Irwin, R. W. 
Irwin, C. S. 
Lock. A. W. 
McKim, John. 



Lanning, J. G. 
McGinnis, A. M. 
McGoon, David. 
McElderry, John. 
McGee, 51. H. 
McPeck, George M. 
Marsh, Blilton. 
Porter, David. 
Parker, N. S. 
Ross, William. 
Rea, 0. A. 
Rose, Albert. 
Rothwell, J.T. 
Rice, G. N. 
Rose, Edwin. 
Smith, J. S. 
Thompson, W. H. 
Wright, J^mes W, 
Winters, James S. 
Whaley, Alvin. 



VOLUNTEER CAVALRY. 

Montgomery, H. D. 
Newlove, John. 
Pyers, Emett. * 
Robbins, James W. 
Sesler, A. L. 
Tracy, D. 
Tway. L. B. 
Young, Elliott. 
Young, John F. 



FOURTEENTH OHIO HEAVY ARTILLERY. 

Andrews, Bryon. 

FOURTEENTH OHIO LIGHT ARTILLERY. 

Bell, F. L. Beams, T. J. 

FIRST NEW JERSEY CAVALRY. 

Hobensack, John. 




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540 



UNION COUNTY 



LOSSES BY REGIMENTS, OF UNION COUNTY SOL- 
DIERS. 

Ist 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 

2d U. V. I.— Enlisted, 9 ; killed, 1 ; died, 1 ; wounded, 2. 
Total loss, 4. 

3d 0. V. 1.— Enlisted, 8 ; died, 1 ; wounded, 2. Total 
loss, 3. 

4th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 13 ; killed, 1 ; died, 1 ; wounded, 2. 
Total loss, 4. 

6th 0. V. I,— Enlisted, 4 ; killed, 1. Total loss, 1. 

7th f). V. I.— Enlisted, 2; wounded, 1. Total loss, 1. 

8th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 

10th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 2 ; died, 1. Total loss, 1. 

nth 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 3. 

12th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 

13th 0. V. I., three months.— Enlisted, 94 ; died, 1. Total 
loss, 1. 

13th 0. v. I— Enlisted, 163; killed, 20; died, 25 ; wound- 
ed, 17 ; prisoners, 11. Total loss, 73. 

14th 0. "V. I.— Enlisted, S ; died, 1. Total loss, 1. 

15th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 13 ; died, 2 ; wounded, 1 ; prison- 
oner, 1. Total loss, 4. 

16th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 47 ; died, 13 ; wounded, 6 ; pris- 
oners, 6. Total loss, 25. 

17th 0. V. I., three months.— Enlisted, 32. 

17th 0. v. I.— Enlisted, 47 ; died, 8; wounded, 3, Total 
loss, 11. 

18th 0. V. 1.— Enlisted, 23; died, I; wounded, 3. Total 
loss, 4. 

19th 0. V. I— Enlisted, 4; wounded, 1. Total loss, 1. 

20th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 5 ; wounded, 1 ; prisoner, 1. To- 

21st 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 4; killed, 1; prisoner, 1. Total 

loss, 2. 
22d 0. V. I.- Enlisted, 3 ; died, 1 . Total loss, 1. 
23d 0. V. 1. — Enlisted, 8 ; died, 1; wounded, 2; prisoner, 

1. Total loss, 4. 
24th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1 ; died, 1. Total loss, 1. 
25th 0. V 1.— Enlisted, 2 ; prisoner, 1. Total loss, 1. 
26th 0. V. I. — Enlisted, 11 ; wounded, 3 ; prisoner, 1. To- 

27th 0. V. I.- -Enlisted, 3 ; died, 1 ; wounded, 1. Total 

28th 6. V. I.— Enlisted, 2 ; di'ed, 1. Total loss, 1. 

29th O. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 

30th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, IOC ; killed, 10 ; died, 28 ; wound- 
ed, 15 ; prisoners, 2. Total loss, 55. 

31st O. V. I— Enlisted, 1.30; killed, 8 ; died, 17 ; wound- 
ed, 28 ; prisoners, 7. Total loss, CO. 

32d 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 216; killed, 8 ; died, 27; wound- 
ed, 13 ; prisoners, 7. Total loss, 54. 

'i'id 0. V. 1. — Enlisted, 1 ; prisoner, 1. Total loss, 1. 

34th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 4 ; killed, 1. Total loss, 1. 

38th O. V. I.— Enlisted, 2. 

39th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 2. 

40th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 36; killed, 4; died, 7; wounded, 
3. Total loss, 14. 

4l8t 0. V. I. — Enlisted, 3 ; woinded, 1. Total loss, 1. 

42d 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 13; killed, 1 ; died, 5 ; wounded, 
1 ; prisoner,!. Total loss, 8. 

43d 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 8; wounded, 2. Total loss, 2. 

44th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 6. 

45th 0. V. I. — Enlisted, 21 ; died, 5 ; wounded, 2 ; prison- 
ers, 4. Total loss, 11. 

46th 0. v. I.— Enlisted, 27 ; killed, 5; died, 2; wounded, 
1 ; prisoners, 2. Total loss, 10. 

47th O. V. I.— Enlisted, 3 ; wounded, 1. Total loss, 1. 

48th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 7; died, 1; wounded, 1. Total 

52d O.'v. I.— Enlisted, 1. 

53d 0. v. I.— Enlisted, 2. 

54th 0. V.I. — Enlisted, 54; killed, 1 ; died, 10; wounded, 
6. Total loss, 17. 

55th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1 ; wounded, 1. Total loss, 1. 

56th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 

58th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 4. 

60th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 4. 

6l8t 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 4 ; killed, 1 ; wounded, 2 ; prison- 
ers, 2. Total loss, 5. 

62d O. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 

63d 0. V. T.— Enlisted, 8 ; killed, 1. Total loss, 1. 

64th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 2 ; wounded, 1. Total loss, 1. 

65th V. 1.— Enlisted, 4. 

66th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 194; killed, 16; died, 27; wound- 
ed, 28 ; prisoners, 11. Total loss, 82. 

C9th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 2 ; died, 1 ; wounded, 1. Total 

70th 6. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 
71st 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 2. 



74th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 3 ; wounded, 1. Total loss, 1. 

76th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 12; wounded, 1. Total loss, 1. 

78th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 4. 

79th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 

80th 0. V. I.- Enlisted, 2. 

81st 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 7 ; died, 1. Total loss, 1. 

82d 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 133; killed, 8; died, 21; wounded, 

38; pris..ners.l2. Total loss, 79. 
83d 0. V. I.— Enlisted. 1. 
85th O. V. I.— Enlisted, 2. 
86th (3 months) 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 85 ; died, 1. Total 

loss. 1. 
86th (6 months) O. V. I. — Enlisted, 112 ; died, 7 ; 

wounded, 1. Total loss, 8. 
87th 0. V. I. — Enlisted, 3 ; prisoners, 2. Total loss, 2. 
88th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 44 ; died, 4. Total loss, 4. 
89th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 

90th 0. v. I. — Enlisted, 3 ; wounded, 1 ; prisoner, 1. To- 
tal loss, 2. 
91st 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 2. 

94th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 2; prisoner, 1. Total loss, 1. 
95th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 19; killed,!; died, 4; wounded, 

3; prisoner,!. Total loss, 9. 
96th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, !38; killed, 2; died, 43; wound- 
ed, 12; prisoner,"., 7. Total loss, 64. 
97th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 3. 
98th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 2. 
99th 0. V. I —Enlisted, 2. 
102d 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 2. 
104th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 
107th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 3. 
110th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 

111th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1 ; died, 1. Total loss, 1. 
113th 0. V. 1.— tOnlisted. 10; wounded, 2. Totiil loss, 2. 
114th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, !. 
115th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 

116th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1 ; wounded, 1. Total loss, 1. 
117th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 
118th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 
120th 0. v. 1.— Enlisted, 1. 

121st O.V. I.— Enlisted, 300; killed, 17 ; died, 42; wound- 
ed, 83; prisoners, 32. Total loss, 174. 
122d 0. v. I.— Enlisted, 3 ; wounded, 2. Total loss, 2. 
12.5th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1 ; wounded, 1. Total loss, 1. 
126th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 2 ; died, 1 ; wounded, 1. Total 

loss, 2. 
128th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 2. 

129th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 14 ; died, 1. Total loss, 1. 
173d 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 

174th 0. V. 1— Enlisted, 206; killed, 7; died, 19; wound- 
ed, 21. Total loss, 47. 
175th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 5 ; killed, 1. Total loss, 1. 
176th 0. \. I.— Enlisted, 4 ; died, 2. Total loss, 2. 
178th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 5 ; died, 2. Total loss, 2. 
179th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 12 ; died, 1. Total loss, 1. 
180th 0. V. 1.— Enlisted, 19; died, 2. Total loss, 2. 
!82dO. V. I.— Enlisted, 4. 
184th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 6. 
185th O. V. I.— Enlisted, 10. 
186th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 6. 
187th 0. V. I— Enlisted, 112; died, 4; wounded, !. Total 

loss, 5. 
188th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 6. 
19l8t 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 18. 
192d 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 20; died, 3; wounded, 1. Total 

loss, 4. 
194th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 
196th O. V. I.— Enlisted, 12. 
!98th 0. V. I.— Enlisted, 1. 
13l8t 0. >f. G.— Enlisted,!. 

132d 0. N. G.— Enlisted, 8 ; died, 1. Total loss, 1. 
133d 0. N G.— Enlistel, 6; died,!. Total loss, 1. 
134th 0. N. G.— Enlisted, 9; wounded, 1. Total loss, !. 
l;i5th O. N. G.— Enlisted, 5; died, 1 ; wounded, 1. Total 

loss, 2. 
136th 0. N. G.— Enlisted, 274 ; died, 8. Total loss, 8. 
14l8t 0. N. G.— Enlisted, 1. 
!42d 0. N. G.— Enlisted, 1. 

144th 0. N. G.— Enlisted, 2 ; killed. 1. Toial loss, 1. 
145th 0. N. G.— Enlisted, 7. 
146th (I. N. G.— Enlisted, 1. 
148th O. N. G.— Enlisted, 1. 
154th 0. N. G.— Enlisted, 1. 
159th 0. N. G.— Enlisted, 2. 
163d 0. N. G.— Enlisted, 1. 
169th 0. N. G.— Enlisted, 1. 
17l8t 0. N. G.— Enlisted, !. 
IstO. V. C— Enlisted, 88 ; killed, 9; died, 13; woutided, 

12; prisoners, 11. Total loss, 45. 
2d 0. V. C— Enlisted, 2. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



541 



5th 0. V. C— Enlisted, 6; wounded, 1. Total loss, 1. 

6th 0. V. C. — Enlisted, 2; wounded, 1; prisoner, 1. Total 
loss, 2. 

7th 0. V. C— Enlisted, 2 ; wounded, 1, Total loss, 1. 

8th 0. V. C— Enlisted, 3. 

9th 0. V. C— Enlisted, 2. 

10th 0. V. C— Enlisted, 17; died, 2; prisoner,!. Total 
loss, 3. 

11th 0. V. C —Enlisted, 7. 

12th 0. V. C. — Enlisted, 11; died, 1 ; wounded, 2 ; pris- 
oner, 1. Total loss, 4. 

13th 0. V. C— Enlisted, 2 ; wounded, 2. Total loss, 2. 

7th 0. S. S. — Enlisted, 25 ; died, 6; prisoners, 3. Total 
loss, 9. 

Union L. G.— Enlisted, 3. 

18th U. S. I —Enlisted, 40 ; killed, 6 ; died, 9 ; wounded, 
4; prisoners, 3. Total loss, 22. 

Ist D. S. C. T.— Enlisted, 1 ; wounded, 1. Total loss, 1. 

5th U. S. C. T.— Enlisted, 5. 

12th U. S. C. T.— Enlisted. 1. 

27th U. S. C. T —Enlisted, 9 ; wounded, 1. Total loss, 1. 

55th Mass. U. S. C. T.— Enlisted, 8. 

Squirrel Hunters. — Enlisted, 92. 

U. Co. Mies. — Enlisted, 47 ; died, 1 ; wounded, 1 ; pris- 
oner, 1. Total loss, 3. 

Miss.— Enlisted, 107; killed, 1; died, 8 ; wounded, 10; 
prisoners, 5. Total loss, 23. 

Total.— Enlisted, 3,538; killed, 133; died, 400; wounded, 
360; prisoners, 142. Total loss, 1,035. 



UNION COUNTY S HEROIC DEAD.* 

Paris Township — James Adams, William Burns, Ben- 
jamin Belt, John Barbour, John Cassil, D. G. Cassil, Will- 
iam Dines, Charles Eaton, W. Fulton, J. G. Hawkins, 
James Heasley, M. C. Lawrence, John Marks, S. Mc- 
Fadden, John H. Price, James Russell,William Scott, Fred. 
Scott, James Smith, J. D. Smith, A. Weaver, Harrison 
Lansdown, John Reischling, all buried in Marysville 
Cemetery ; Ransom Kees, Amrine Cemetery. 

Claibourne Township. — John Adams, Emerson Allen, 
W. W. Beardsley, Leet Bonham, William J. Graham, Dr. 
T. B. Hamilton, R. D. Haynes, Dr. A. J. Irwin, George W. 
Jolliff, H. H. Livingston, William Layton, Thomas Moore, 
J. K. Mclntire, A. D. Neal, C. L. Pugh, Joseph Swartz, 
William Shackelford, George Sharks, William Sparks, J. 
J. Van Sant, William Wells, S. H. Mitchell, Dr. P. H. 
Bauer, all repose in Claibourne Cemetery. 

Mill Greek Township. — Silas Acret, Samuel Covey, S. H. 
Gray, W. D. Haggard, George Skidmore, Charles Thomp- 
son, all rest in Watkins Cemetery. 

Taylor Toxonship. — Reuben Orrahood, Wellington Arm- 
> strong. 

Darby Toionship. — James Anderson, Maxim Brown, 
William Brown, George Conklin, James E. Conklin, Mil- 
ler Conklin, Andrew Dockum, William Freet, W. Goles- 
berry, Ira Hubbard, Elisha Harper, Lester Holycross, 
William Laughead, C. Low, — ■ McLean, W. H. McNier, 
George Mitchell, Christopher Nick, George Poland, David 
G. Robinson, George Sager, Edwin Sager, Robert Snod- 
grass, Daniel Wolford, James Walker, rest in Mitchell 
Cemetery, and Gottlieb Boehm, George Stierhoff, Ferdi- 
nand Schrock, repose in the German Cemetery. 

Leesburg Township. — Harrison Carpenter, James Hud- 
son, Rice Jewett, Than Jewett, Daniel Mulvane, J. W. 
McAdow, A. Rosecrans, Alexander Scott, Joseph White, 
Isaag White, Samuel Walters. 

Dover Township. — J. N. Bonnett, Henry Black, Lewis 
Bowen, Joseph Columber, Hamlet Duvall, William Fulk, 
John Griffith, Christopher Hurley, George Hotfman, 
William Polen, Leonard Bichey, John Ralston, Jonah 
Sulivan, Samuel Van Gordon, Charles Wilcox. 

Jerome Township. — S. B. Beard (Ewing Cemetery) 
James Clark, David Cook, James S. Ewing, James Gowan 
(California Cemetery), Theodore Martin, John Patterson, 
L. Stethern, David \Voodbuin, David Bair, 0. B. Cone, 
James Hill, Robert McDowell, J. V. McDowell, Frank 
Mclntire (all California Cemetery) ; William Wise, Henry 
Hensil, Robert Patterson (Franklort Cemetery). 

Washington Township. — Alvin Allen, Homer Allen, 
James Bird, George W. Foute, A. J. Foute, J. P. Miller, 
Edward Wells, D. F. Wells. 

*Thi3 list is not complete, as it was not possible to find 
all of the graves, as some of them are not marked. 



Jackson Township. — J. M. Cheney, Alonzo Cheney, L. 
Carter, J. G. Perry, B. F. Roberts, Allen Roberts. 

Liberty Township. — William C. Brooks, William R. 
Cranston, Jacob Clapsadle, A. C. Drake, William Dobbins, 
A. C. Glasscock, Robert Rea, James F. Shearer, James 
Smith, John Strickney. 

Allen Township. — A. Davis, William Davis, Mart L»on- 
ard, James Wilber, lie buried in Buck Run Cemetery; 
Duncan Spain, Elisha Dobbins, Spain Cemetery. 

Union Township. — H. W. Blake, Enoch Burrows, Peter 
Bland, Henry Burnham, Grafton Downes, A. Davis, S. W. 
Gay, French Garwood, Joseph Hammond, Valorus Haw- 
ley, Hiram Hawley, George Kent, James League, W. H. 
McAdams, J. H. Ne.al, Alvin Porter, Deville Rose, James 
Ryan, Nathaniel Ryan, William P. Rigdon, George H. 
Reed, Lewis Stillings, Silas Snudgrass, David Silver, Ben- 
jamin Shirk, Emmet Webb, George Wilson, William Wil- 
son, Royal Webster, all repose in Milford Cemetery, 
John Ewing (Wood's Cemetery), Benjamin Hathaway 
(Hathaway Cemetery). 

York Township. — J. E. Corey, John Green, Henry 
Hoover, Adam Hoover, Samuel Hoover, J. H. Johnson, 
Gideon Kernes, Henry Morman, Lewis Motman, W. D. 
W. Mitchell, William Mcllroy, Thomas Patrick, H. T. 
Shirk, A. J. Smith, William Toby, William Wright, E 
Yarringtcn, all sleep in McKendrie Cemetery. Mathew 
Crabtree, D. D. Miller, Samuel McMillen, J. G Miller, 
Jonathan McEldery, Charles M. Patterson, William 
Spicer, T. J. Thompson, A. Whaley, J. J. Yantis, George 
Yates, all rest in York Cemetery. William Anderson, A. 
Baldwin, William H. Drake, Joseph Southard, L. A. 
Southard, G. S. Southard, James K. Titsworth, William 
H. Winner. 



NATIONAL MILITARY CEMETERIES. 



INTERMENTS. 






Name of Cemetery. 


Known. 


Unknown. 


Total. 


Annapolis, Md , 


2285 


204 


2489 


Alexandria, La., 


534 


772 


130G 


Alexandria, Va., 


3402 


120 


3522 


Andersonville, Ga., 


12793 


921 


13714 


Antietam, Md., 


2853 


1818 


4671 


.Arlington, Va., 


11915 


4349 


16264 


Ball's Bluff, Va., 


1 


24 


25 


Barrancas, Fla., 


798 


657 


1455 


Baton Rouge, La., 


2469 


495 


2964 


Battle Ground, D. C, 


43 




43 


Beaufort, S. C, 


4748 


4493 


9241 


Beverly, N. J., 


145 


7 


152 


Brownsville, Tex., 


1417 


1379 


2796 


Camp Butler, 111., 


1007 


355 


1362 


Camp Nelson, Ky., 


2477 


1165 


3642 


Chalmette, La., 


6837 


5674 


12511 


Chattanooga, Tenn., 


7999 


4963 


12962 


City Point, Va., 


3788 


1374 


5162 


Cold Harbor, Va., 


673 


1581 


2254 


Corinth, Miss., 


1789 


3927 


5716 


Crown Hill, Ind., 


681 


32 


713 


Culpepper, Va., 


456 


911 


1367 


Custer Battlefield, M. T 


, 262 




262 


Cypress, Hills, N. Y., 


3710 


""'76 


3786 


Cave Hill, Ky., 


3344 


583 


3927 


Danville, Ky., 


335 


8 


343 


Danville, Va., 


1172 


155 


1327 


Fayetteville, Ark., 


431 


781 


1212 


Finn's Point, N. J., 




2644 


2644 


Florence, S. C, 


"'l99 


2799 


2998 


Fort Donelson, Tenn., 


158 


511 


669 


Fort Gibson, I. T., 


215 


2212 


2427 


Fort Harrison, Va., 


239 


575 


814 


Fort Leavenworth, Kan 


, 835 


928 


1763 


Fort McPherson, Neb., 


152 


291 


443 


Fort Smith, Ark., 


711 


1152 


1863 


Fort Scott, Kan., 


390 


161 


551 


Fredericksburg, Va., 


2487 


12770 


1.5257 


Gettysburg, Pa., 


1967 


1608 


3575 


Glendale, Va., 


284 


961 


1245 


Grafton, W. Va., 


634 


629 


1263 


Hampton, Va., 


4930 


494 


5424 


Jefferson Barracks, Mo., 


8584 


2906 


11490 


Jefferson City, Mo., 


.349 


412 


761 


Keokuk, Iowa, 


612 


33 


645 


Knoxville, Tenn., 


2090 


1046 


3136 


Laurel, Md., 


232 


6 


238 


Lebanon, Ky., 


594 


277 


871 


Lexington, Ky , 


805 


108 


913 



542 



UNION COUNTY 



Name of Cemetery. 


Known. 


Unknown. 


Tolal. 


Little Rock, Ark., 


3265 


2337 


5602 


Logau's Cross-roads, Ky. 


, 345 


366 


711 


Loudon Park, Md., 


1637 


166 


1803 


Marietta, Ga., 


7188 


2963 


10151 


Memphis, Tenn., 


5160 


8817 


13977 


Mexico City, Mo., 


284 


750 


1034 


Mobile, Ala., 


756 


113 


869 


Mound City, 111., 


2505 


2721 


5226 


Nashville, Tenn., 


11825 


4701 


16526 


Natchez, Miss., 


308 


2780 


3088 


New Albany, Ind., 


2139 


676 


2815 


New Berne, N. C, 


2177 


1077 


3254 


Philadelphia, Penn., 


1881 


28 


1909 


Pittsburg Landing, Tenn. 


, 1229 


2361 


3590 


Poplar Grove, Va., 


2198 


4001 


6199 


Port Hudson, La., 


696 


3223 


3819 


Raleigh, N. C, 


619 


562 


1181 


Richmond, Va., 


842 


5700 


6542 


Rock Island, 111., 


277 


19 


296 


Salisbury, Va., 


94 


12032 


12126 


San Antonio, Tex., 


324 


167 


491 


Seven Pines, Va., 


150 


li08 


135S 


Soldiers' Home, D. C, 


5314 


288 


5602 


Staunton, Va., 


233 


520 


753 


Stone River, Tenn., 


3821 


2324 


6145 


Vicksburg, Miss., 


3896 


12704 


16600 


Wilmingtcn, N. C, 


710 


1398 


2108 


Winchester, Va., 


2094 


2365 


4459 


Woodlawn.Elmira, N. Y. 


3074 


16 


3090 


York town, Va., 


748 


1434 


2182 



Total, 171302 147568 318870 

Of the whole number of interments indicated 
above there are about 6,900 known and 1,500 
unknown civilians, and 6,100 known,3,200un- 
known confederates. Of these latter the 
greater portions are buried at Woodlawn 
Cemetery, Elmira, N. Y., Finn's Point Ceme- 
tery, near Salem, N. J. The interments at 
Mexico City are mainly of those who were 
killed or died in that vicinity during the Mexi- 
can war, and include also such citizens of the 
United States as may have died in Mexico, and 
who under treaty provision have the right of 
burial therein. 

From the foregoing it will appear that after 
making all proper deductions for civilians and 
confederates there are gathered in the various 
places mentioned, the remains of nearly oOO,- 
000 men, who at one time wore the blue dur- 
ing the late war, and who yielded up their lives 
in defense of the Government which now so 
graciously cares for their ashes. 

NAMES AND DATES OF THE PRINCIPAL BATTLES 
OF THE WAR OF THE REBELLION. 

Andairsville, Ga., May 17 and 18, 1864. 

AUatoona, Ga., October 5, 1864. 

Alpine Gap, Ga., September 11, 1863. 

Altoona Hills, Ga., May 25 to June 4, 1864. 

Antietam, Md., September 16 and 17, 1862. 

Appomattox Court House, Va., April 9, 1865. 

Ark 'usas Post, Ark., January 11, 1863. 

Ashby's Gap, Va., July 12, 1863. 

Assault on Fort Wagner, S. C, July 10 and 11, 1863. 

Atlanta, Ga., July 12 to August 25, 1864. 

Atlanta, Ga., November 9, 1864. 

Averill's raid in West Virginia, August 25 to 30, 1803. 

Bacon Creek, Ky., December 26, 1862. 

Baker's Creek, Miss., May 16, 1863. 

Ball's Bluff, Va., October 21, 1861. 

Baltimore, streets of, Maryland, April 19, 1861. 

Barboursville, W. Va., July 12 and September 18, 1861. 

Bradstown, Ky., October 4, 1862. 

Barton Station, Miss., April 16 and October 20, 1863. 

Barton Rouge, La., August 5, 1862. 

Bayle's Cross Koads, La., October 12, 1861. 

Bayou Cache. Ark., July 7, 1862. 

Bayou De Glaize, La., May 18, 1864. 



Bayou Rapids, La., March 21, 1864. 

Bayou Saint Louis, Miss., November 17, 1863. 

Bear Creek, Ala., April 17 and October 26, 1863. 

Bentonville, N. C, March 18 to 21, 18 65. 

Bermuda Hundred, Va., May 4 and 16 to 30, June 2, Au- 
gust 14 and 2.5, November 30 to December 4 and De- 
cember 13, 186-1. 

Berreyville, A'a., December 1, 1862. 

Beverly, W. Va., July 12, 1861. 

Big Bethel, Va., April 4, 1862. 

Big Black River, Miss., May 3 and 17, July 4 and 5 and 
October 13, 1863. 

Big Black River Bridge, Miss., August 12 and September 
11,1863. 

Big Hatchie River, Miss., October 5, 1862. 

Big Shanty, Ga., June 6, September 2, October 3, 1864. 

Birds' Point, Mo., August 19, 1861. 

Black Bayou, Miss., April 10, 1863. 

Blackburn's B'ord, Va., July 18, 1861. 

Black River, La., November 1, 1864. 

Black River, Mo., September 12, 1861. 

Black Warrior Creek, Ala., May 1, 1863. 

Black Water, Mo., December 19, 1861. 

Bogler's Creek, Ala., April 1, 1865. 

Bolivar, Miss., August 25 and September 19, 1862. 

Bolivar Heights, Va., October 16, 1861. 

Booneville, Miss., May 30 and July 1, 1862. 

Bowling Green, Ky., February 1 and 15, 1862. 

Brandy Station, Va., August 20, 1862. 

Brentwood, Tenn., March 25, 1863. 

Brieto Station, Va., October 14, 1863. 

Brownsville, Ark., July 25, August 25 and September 14 
and 16, 1803. 

Bull Run, first, Va., July 21, 1861. 

Bull Run, second, Va., August 30, 1862. 

Bull Run Bridge, Va., August 27, 1862. 

Burnt Hickory, Ga , May 24 to June 4, July 4 and 5, 1864. 

Buzzard Roost, Ga., February 25 to 27, 1864. 

Buzzard Boost Gap, Ga., May 8, 1864. 

Camden Point, Mo., July 13, 1864. 

Campaign, Northern, Ga., May 5 to September 8, 1864. 

Cane Creek, Ala., October 26, 1863. 

Cane River, La., April 24, 1864. 

Cape Girardeau Mo., April 26, 1863. 

Capture of Rebel Ram. 

Fair Play, La., August 18, 1862. 

Carnifax Ferry, Va., September 10, 1801. 

Carrick's Ford, W. Va., July 14,1861. 

Carters Station, Tenn., December 30, 1862. 

Carthage, Mo., July 5, 1861. 

Cassville, Ga., May 19 to 22, 1864. 

Catlett's Station, Va., August 21, 22 and October 24, 1862. 

Cedar Mountain, Va., August 9, 1862. 

Campbellsville, Ky. 

Chambersburg, Penn., July 30, 1864. 

Chancellorsville, Va., May 1 to 5 1863. 

Chapin's Farm, Va., September 29 and 30 and November 

4, 1864. 
Charleston, S. C, Febniary IS, 1865. 
Charleston, Tenn., December 28, 1863. 
Chattahoochie River, Ga., July 3 to 12, 1864. 
Chattanooga, Tenn., August 21, and November 23 to 25, 

18G3. 
Cheat Mountain, West Va., September 12 and 13, 1861. 
Chickahominy, Va., May 24 and June 21. 1862. 
Chickamauga, Ga., September 19 to 23. 1863. 
Chickamauga Station, Ga., November 26, 1863. 
Chickasaw Bayou, Miss., December 28 and 29,1862. 
Chickasaw Bluffs, Miss., December 29, 1862. 
City Point, Va., May 6i>.nd June — , 1864. 
Clarksville, Tenn., August 19 and September 7, 1862. 
Cleveland, Tenn , November 27 and December 22, 1863. 
Cochran's Cross-roads, Miss., September 10, 1862. 
Cold Knob Mountain, Va., November 26, 1862. 
Coldwater, Miss., May 11 and July 24, November 8 and 9, 

September 10, 1862. 
College Hill. Miss., August 21 and 22, 1864. 
Columbia, S.' C, February 15 to 18, 1865. 
Columbus, Ga., April 16, 1865. 
Coosa River, Ga., October 25, 1864. 

Corinth, Miss., April 30 to May 30, October 3 and 4, 1862. 
Corinth, Miss., August 16, 1863. 
Corinth, Miss., June 10, 1864. 
Courtland Bridge, Ala., July 25, 1862. 
Crab Orchard, Ky., August 22, 1862. 
Crump's Landing, Tenn., April 4, 1862. 
Cumberland Gap, Tenn., June 18, 1862, and September 9, 

1863. 
Cynthiana, Ky., July 17, 1862. 
Dallas, Ga., May 25 to June 5, 1804. 



MILITARY RECORD. 



643 



Dalton, Ga., May 9, August 14 to 16, and October 13, 

1864. 
Dardanelle, Ark., September 9 and 12, 1863. 
Deep Bottom, Va., July 21, 27 and 28, August 14 to 19, 

September 2 and 6, and October 1 and 31, 1864. 
Destruction rebel ram Albemarle, October 28, 1864. 
Dobbin's Ferry, Tenn., December 9, 1862. 
Dutch Gap, Va., August 5, 1803. 
East Point, Ga., September 5, 1864. 
Ebenezer Church, Ala., April 1, 1865. 
Elizabethtown, Ky., December 27, 1862. 
Elk River, "f enn., July 2 and 14, 1863. 
Evacuation of Corinth, Miss., May 30, 1862. 
Expedition from Vicksburg to Jackson, Miss., July 3 to 

9, 1864. 
Expedition from Vicksburg to Meridian, Miss., February 

3 to March 5, 1864. 
Expedition to Black Bayou, Miss., April 5 to 10, 1863. 
Expedition up Yazoo River, Miss., February 1 to March 

8, 1864. 
Fairburn. Ga., August 18, 1804. 
Fairfax, Va., July 13, 1864. 
Fairfax Court House, Va., June 1, 1861. 
Fair Oaks, Va., May 31 and June 1, 1862. 
Falling Waters, Md., July 2, 1861. 
Fish Bayou, La , June 5, 1864. 
Fisher's Hill, Va., August 15, September 22 and October 

9,1864. 
Five Forks, Va., April 1, 1865. 
Flat Shoals, Ga., July 28, 1804. 
Florence, Ala., May 27, 1863. 
Fort Blakely, Ala., March 31 to April 9, 1865. 
FortDonelson, Tenn., February 13 to 16 and August 25, 

1862. 
Fort Donelson. Tenn., February 3, 1863. 
Fort Donelson, Tenn., October 11, 1864. 
Fort Fisher, N. C, December 25, 1864. 
Fort Gaines, Ala., August 2 to 23, 1864. 
Fort Henry, Tenn., February 6, 1862. 
Fort Hindman, Ark., January 11, 1863. 
Fort Leavenwoi-th, Kas., October 20 to 26, 1864. 
Fort McAllister, Ga., December 13, 1864. 
Fort McCook, Ala., August 27, 1862. 
Fort Morgin, Ala., August 5 to 23, 1864. 
Fort Pillow, Tenn., March .6 and April 12, 1864. 
Fort Scott, Kas., September 1 and 3, 1861. 
Fort Scott, Kas., October 22 and 28,1864. 
Fort Smith, Ark., May 15, August 31 and September 1, 

1863. 
Fort Sumter, S. C , April 12 and 13, 1861. 
Fort Wagner, S. C, July 10 to September 6, 1863. 
Franklin, Tenn., December 12, 1862. 
Franklin, Tenn., September 2, November 30 and Decem- 
ber 17, 1861. 
Fredericksburg, Mo., July 17, 1804. 
Fredericksburg, Va., November 9 and December 11 to 16, 

1862. 
Fort Royal, Va., May 23 and 30, 1862. 
Gaines' Mill, Va., June 27, 1862. 
Gauley's Bridge, W. Va., November 10, 1861. 
Gettysburg, Penn., July 1, 2 and 3, 1863. 
Glasgow, Ky., October 5 and December 24, 1862. 
Goldaboro, N. C, December 17, 1862 
Goldsboro, N. C, March 21 to 24, 1865 
Grafton, W. Va., August 13, 1861. 
Grand Coteau, La., November 3, 1863. 
Grand Ecore, La., April 3, 1864. 
Grand Gulf, Miss., April 29, 1863. 
Grand Gulf, Miss., January 16 to 18, July 16 and 17, 

1864. 
Great Bethel, Va., June 10, 1861. 
Great Bethel, Va., April 4, 1862. 
Green River Bridge, Ky., July 4, 1863. 
Grierson's expedition from La Grange, Tenn., to Baton 

Rouge, La., April 27 to May 2, 1863. 
Hagerstuwn, Md., July 6 and 11, 1863. 
Hagerstown, Md., July 5, 1864. 
Hamburg, Tenn., May 30, 1863. 
Hamburg Landing, Ala., May 29, 1863. 
Hampton Roads, Va., March 9, 1862. 
Hampton. Va., August 7, 1861. 
Harper's Ferry, Va., April 18 and October 11, 1861. 
Harper's Ferry, Va., May 28, September 12 to 15, 1862. 
Harper' ti Ferry, Va., October 5, 1863. 
Harper's Ferry Bridge, Va., July 7, 1863. 
Harpeth River, Tenn., March 2 and 4, April 10, 1863. 
Harrodsburg, Ky., October 10, 1862. 
Hartsville, Tenn., December 7, 1862. 
Hatcher's Run, Va., October 27 and 28, 1864. 
Hatcher's Run, Va., February 5 to 7, 1865. 



Helena, Ark., August 11 to 14, September 20, October 1 

and 18, December 5, 1862. 
Holston River, Tenn., November 15, 1863. 
Holston River, Tenn , February 20, 1864. 
Hoover's Gap, Tenn., June 24, 1863. 
Hot Springs, Ark., February 4, 1861. 
Humbolt, Tenn., December 20, 1862. 
Independence, Mo., June 17 and November 26, 1861. 
Independence, Mo., February 18, March 22 and August 

11, 1862. 
Independence, Mo., February 3 and 8, March 23, April 23 

and 24, 1863. 
Independence, Mo., February 19, October 22 and 26, 1864. 
Island No. 10, Tenn., April 8 and October 17, 1862. 
Island No. lu, Tenn., October 16, 1863. 
luka, Miss., September 13 to 20, 1862. 
luka, Mies , July 7, 9 and 14, 1863. 
Jackson, Miss., May 14 and July 10 to 17 and 29, 1863. 
Jackson, Miss., February 5, and July 5 to 8, 1864. 
Jeflf Thompson Surrendered, Ark., May 11, 1865. 
Jonesboro. Ga., August 19,20 aad 31, and September 1 

and 7, 1864. 
Kansas City, Mo , November 22, 1864. 
Kenesaw Mountain, also known as Big Shanty, Lost 

Mountain, Marrietta and Nose's Creek, Ga., June 10 to 

July 2, 1864. 
Kilpatrick's raid on railroad, Ga., August 18 to 23, 1864. 
Kingston, Ga., May 18 and 24 and October 12, 1864. 
Kirby Smith Surrendered, May 26, 1865. 
Knoxville, Tenn., September 10, 1863. 
La Grange, Ark., September 6, October 11, November 7 

and December 30, 1862. 
Lamb's Ferry, Tenn., December 25, 1864. 
La Vergne, "Tenn., October 7, November 27 and December 

9, 1862. 
La Vergne, Tenn., January 1, 1863. 
La Vergne, Tenn., September 1, 1864. 
Lawrenceburg, Ohio, July 14, 1863. 
Lebanon, Ky., July 12, 1862; July 5, 1863, and July 30, 

1864. 
Lee Surrendered, Va., April 9, 1865. 
Lexington, Ky., October 17, 1862. 
Lexington, Ky., July 28, 1863. 
Lexington, Ky., June 10, 1864. 
Liberty Gap, Tenn., June 25,1863. 
Little Harpeth, Tenn., March 25, 1803. 
Little Rock, Ark., September 10, 1863. 
Little Rock, Ark., April 26 and May 28, 1864. 
Lone Jack, Mo., August 11, 15 and 16, 1862. 
Lone Jack, Mo , November 1, 1864. 
Lookout Mountain, Tenn., November 24, 1863. 
Lost Mountain, Ga., June 9 to 30, 1864. 
Loudon Creek, Tenn., November 15, 1863. 
Louisa Court House, Va., May 1, 1863. 
Lovejoy's Station, Ga.. July 29 and 30, August 20, Sep- 
tember 2 to 0, !ind November 16, 1864. 
Lynchburg, Va., June 17 and 18, 1864. 
Lynnville, Tenn., November 24 and December 23, 1864. 
Macon, Ga., July 30, November 20 and 24, 1864. 
Manassas, Va., August 30, 1862. 
Manassas Gap, Va., November 5, 1862. 
Manassas Gap, Va., July 21, 1863. 
Manassas Junction, Va., October 24, 1862. 
Manchester, Tenn., August 29, 1862. 
Manchester, Tenn., March 17, 1862. 
Marietta, Ga., July 3 and 4, 1864. 
Martinsburg, Md., July 2, 1861. 
Martinsburg, Va., September, 1862. 
Marj'land Heights, Va., July 4 to 7. 1864. 
Massacre at Centralia, Mo., September 27, 1864. 
McCook's raid in Georgia, July 26 to 31, 1864. 
McMinnville, Tenn., April 20, September 28 and October 

3, 1863. 
Memphis, Tenn., June 6, 1862. 
Memphis, Tenn., May 2, August 21, and December 14, 

1864. 
Meridian, Miss., February 9 to 19, 1S64. 
Milliken's Bend, La., June 5 to 7, 1863. 
Mill Springs, Ky , January 19 and 2U, 1862. 
Mine Explosion, Petersburg, Va., July 30, 1864. 
Missionary Ridge, Tenn., November 25, 1863. 
Mobile, Ala., December 22, 1864. 
Monocacy, Md., July 9, 1864. 
Monterey, Tenn., April 28 and May 13, 1862. 
Morgan's raid from Kentucky into Indiana and Ohio, July 

1, to 26, 1863. 
Moulton, Ala., May 28 and 2% 1864. 
Mount Sterling, Ky., July 29, 1862. 
Mount Sterling, Ky., March 22, 1863. 
Mount Sterling, Ky., June 9, 1864. 



544 



UNION COUNTY 



Mouth of Monocacy. Md., October 11, 1862. 
Muldraugh's Hill, Ky., December 28, 1862. 
Munfordsville, Ky., December 17, 1861. 
Munfordsville, Ky., September U, 16 and 21, 1862. 
Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 13 and December 31, 1862, to 
January 3 and June 6, 1863, September 3 and December 
5, 6, 7, 15 and 24, 1864. 
Murfreesboro Road, Tenn., October 4, 1864. 
Nashville & Northwestern Railway, Tenn., September 4, 

1864. 
Nashville, Tenn., March 9, July 21 and November 5, 

1862. 
Natural Bridge, Fla., March 6, 1865. 
Near Boliver Heights, Va., July 14, 1863. 
Near Culpepper, Va., July 12, 1862. 
Near Dalton, Ga., January 21, 1864. 
Near Nashville, Tenn , March 8 and October 20, 1862. 
Near Snicker's Gap, Va., August 13 1864. 
Near the Rappahannock, Va., April 1, 1864. 
New Berne, N. C, March 14, May 22, and November 11, 

1862. 
New Creek, W. Va., June 17, 1861. 
New Hope Church, Ga., May 25 to June 5, 1864. 
Newport News, Va., July 5, 1861. • 

Nickajack Creek, Ga., July 1 to 10, 1864. 
North Anna River, Va., July 23, 1862. 
North Shenandoah, Va., October, 1864. 
Occoquan Creek, Va., November 12, 1861. 
Occupation of Atlanta, Ga., September 2, 1864. 
Ogeeche River, Ga., December 7 to 9, 1864. 
Oostenauha, Ga., May 13 to 16, 1864. 
Orange Cmirthouse, Va., July 25 and August 2, 1862. 
Orchard Knob, Tenn., November 23, 1863. 
Orleans, Ind., June 17, 1863. 
Overall's Creek, Tenn., December 4, 1864. 
Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 19 and 20, 1864. 
Pea Ridge, Ark., March G to 8, 1862. 
Pta Vine Creek, Ga., November 27, 1863. 
Perryville, Ky., October 6, 7 and 8, 1862. 
Petersburg, Va., June 10, 1864, to April 3, 1865 
Philippi, W. Va., June 3, 1861. 

Pilot Knob, Mo., September 26 to 29, and October 26, 1864. 
Pine Knob, Ga., June 19, 1864. 
Pine Mountain, Ga., June 14, 1864. 
Pittsburg Landing, also known as Shiloh, Tenn., March 

2, and April 6 and 7, 1862. 
Plantersville, Ala., April 1, 1865. 
Pope's campaign in Virginia, August 23 to September 1 

1862. 
Port Hudson, La., March 14, May 22 to July 9, 1863. 
Port Republic, Va., June 9, 1862. 
Port Royal, S. C, November 7, 1861. 
Port Royal, ?. C, January 1, 1862. 
Pound Gap Kxpedition, Tenn., July 6, 1863. 
Powder Springs, Ga., June 20, 1864. 
Pulaski, Tenn., May 4, 1862, and May 13, September 26 

and 27, December 25, 1864. 
Pumpkin Vine Creek, Ga., May 25 to June 4, 1864. 
Raid to Gordonsville, Va., December 8 to 28, 1864. 
Rapidan, Va., October 10 and 17, 1863, and Marcli 1, 1864. 
Rappahannock station, Va., August 20 to 23, 1862, August 

1 and 2, and November 7, 1863. 
Readyville, Tenn., August 28, 1862. 
Reconnoissance on Corinth Road, Miss., April 8, 1862. 
Red Clay, Ga., May 3, 1864. 
Red Oaks, Ga., August 19, 20 and 28, 1864. 
Bed River Expedition, La., May, 1864. 
Resaca, Ga., May 13 to 16, and October 12, 1864. 
Richmond, Ky., August 30, 1862. 
Richmond, Ky., July 28, 1863. 
Rich Mountain, W. Va., July 11,1861. 
Ringgold, Ga., September 11 and November 27, 1863. 
Rocky Face Ridge, Ga., February 23 to 27, March 5 to 9, 

and May 8 to 12, 1864. 
Rodgersville, Tenn., August 22, 1864. 
Rome, Ga., May 17 and 18, and October 13, 1864. 
Rosecrans' campaign in Tennessee June 23 to 30, 1863. 
Rousseau's campaign in Tennessee, June 23 to 30, 1863. 
Rousseau's pursuit of Wheeler in Tennessee, September 

1 to 8, 1864. 
Rousseau's raid in Alabama and Georgia, July 11 to 22, 

1864. 
Rutherford's Creek, Tenn., March 10, 1863. 
Sabine Cross-Roads, La., April 8, 1864. 



Sabine Pass, La., September 8, 1863. 

Sailor's Creek, Va., April 6, 1865. 

Saltville, A'a , October 2 and December 20, 1864. 

Sand IMountain, Ala., April 30, 1863. 

Sand Mountain, Ala., January 27, 1865. 

Savages Station, Va., June 29, 1862. 

Savannah, Tenn., April 16, 1862. 

Second assault on Fort Wagner, S. C, July 18, 1863. 

Second assault on Port Hudson, La., June 14, 1863. 

Second assault on Vicksburg, Miss., May 20, 1863. 

Seven days, includes Chickahominy, Peach Qrchard and 

Savage Station, Va., June 26 to July 1, 1862. 
Seven Pines, Va., May 31 and June 1, 1862. 
Sharpsburg, Md., September 17, 1862. 
Shelbyville, Tenn., June 27, 1863. 
Shelby ville Pike, Tenn., June 4 and October 7, 1863. 
Sheridan's raid in Virginia, May 9 to 13, 1864. 
Sheridan's raid in Virginia, February 27 to March 25, 

1865. 
Shiloh, Tenn., April 6 and 7, 1862. 
Siege of Atlanta, Ga., July 28 to September 2, 1864. 
Siege of Knoxville, Tenn., November 17 to December 4, 

1863. 
Siege of Mobile, Ala., March 26 to April 9, 1865. 
Siege of Petersburg, Va., June 15, 1864, to April 2, 1865. 
Siege of Port Hudson, La., May 27 to July 9, 1863. 
Siege of Savannah, Ga., December 10 to 21, 1864. 
Siege of Vicksburg, Miss., May 18 to July 4, 1863. 
Siege of Yorktown, Va., April 5 to May 3, 1862. 
Snake Creek Gap, Gii., May 8 to 10, October 15, 1864. 
Snicker's Gap, Va., November 2, 1862. 
Snow Hill, Tenn., April 2 and 3, 1863. 
South Mountain, Md., September 14, 1862. 
Springfield, Mo., August 10, October 5 and 25, 1861. 
Springfield, Mo , February 13, 18«2. 
Springfield, Mo., January 7 and 8, December 16, 1863. 
Spring Hill, Tenn., March 4 and 5, 1863. 
Stewart's Creek, Tenn., December 29, 1862, and January 

1, 1863. 
Stockade at Stone River, Tenn., October 5, 1863. 
Stoneman's raid to Macou, (Ja., July 26 to 31, 1864. 
Stoneman's raid from Tennessee to Virginia, December 

12 to 21, 18G4. 
Stoneman's raid in Virginia and North Carolina, March 

20 to April 6, 1865. 
Stone River, also known as Murffeesboro, Tenn., De- 
cember 31, 18G2, to January 3, 1863. 
Strawberry Plains, Tenn., January 10, 1864. 
Streight's raid from Alabama to Georgia, April 27 to 

May 3, 18G3. 
Sweetwater, Tenn., October 24, 1863. 
Tallahatchie, Fla., June 18, 1862. 
Taylor Surrendered, May 4, 1865. 
The Cedars, Tenn., December 5 to 8, 1864. 
Tongue River, Dak., August 29, 1865. 
Triune, Tenn., Juue 9, 1863. 
TuUahoma, Tenn., July 1, 1863. 
Tunnel Hill, Ga., January 28, February 25 to 27, May 7, 

1864. 
Tupelo, Miss., May 6, 1863. 
Tuscumbia, Ala., February 22, April 24, October 24 to 27, 

1863. 
Twelve miles from Yazoo City, Miss., December 1, 1864. 
Vicksburg, Miss., May 18 to July 4 and August 27, 1863. 
Vicksburg, Miss., February 13 and July 4, 1864. 
AVarrenton Junction, Va., September 26, 1862. 
Wartrace, Tenn., October 5, 1863. 
Weldon Railroad, Va,, June 22 and 23, August 18 to 22, 

1864. 
West Point, Mo., October, 1861. 
White House, Va., June 20, 1864. 
White River, Ark., May G, 18G2. 
Wild Cat, Ky., October 21, 1861. 
Wilderness, Va., May 5 to 7, 1864. 
Wilmington, N. C, February 22, 1865. 
AVilson's raid, Alabama to Georgia, March 22 to April 24, 

1865. 
Winchester, Va., March 23 and May 25, 1862. 
Winchester, Va., May 19 and Juno 13 and 15, 1863. 
Winchester, Va., July 20 and 24, August 17 and Septem- 
ber 19, 1864. 
Yazoo City Expedition, Miss., May 4 to 13, 1864. 
Yazoo Pass, Miss., February 16 to 20, 1863. 
Zollicofi'er, Tenn., September 24, 1863. 



Atlanta, Geokgia (Hoods first Sortie, July 22, 1864). 
Union losses — Killed, 500 ; wounded, 2,141 ; missing, 1,000. 
Confederate losses — Killed, 2,482 ; wounded, 4,000 ; missing, 2,017. 



MILITARY RECORD. 545 

Union troops engaged — 15th, 16th and 17th Corps, Army of the Tennessee ; Maj. Gen. 
McPherson, of the Army of the Military Division of the Mississippi. 

Maj. Gen. J. B. McPherson and Brig. Gen. L. Greathouse, U. S. A., killed. 

Antietam Maryland (September 16 and 17, 1862). 

Union losses — Killed, 2,010; wounded, 9,416 ; missing, 1,043. 

Confederate losses — Killed, 3,500; wounded, 16,399; misssing, 6,000. 

Union troops engaged — 1st, 2d, 5th, 6th, 9th and 12th Corps, Crouch's Division, 4th Corps, 
and Pleasanton's Division of Calvalry, Army of the Potomac. 

Brig. Gen. J. K. F. Mansfield, killed; Maj. Gens. Richardson and Hooker and Brig. Gens. 
Rodman, Weber, Sedgwick, Hartsuif, Dana and Meagher, U. S. A., wounded. 

Brig. Gens. L. 0. B. Branch, G. B. Anderson and W. E. Starke killed; Maj. Gen. R. H. 
Anderson, Brig. Gens. Toombs, Lawton, Ripley, Rodes, Gregg, Armistead and Ransom, C. S. A., 
wounded. 

Bentonville, North Carolina (March 19 to 21, 1865). 

Union losses — Killed, 191 ; wounded, 1,168 ; missing, 287. 
Confederate losses — Killed, 267; wounded, 1,200 ; missing, 1,625. 

Bull Run (1st) Virginia (July 21, 1861). 

Union losses — Killed, 481 ; wounded, 1,011 ; missing, 1,460. 

Confederate losses — Killed, 269 ; wounded, 1,483 ; missing — . 

Union troops engaged — 2d Maine ; 2d New Hampshire ; 2d Vermont ; 1st, 4th and 5th, Mas- 
sachusetts ; 1st and 2d Rhode Island ; 1st, 2d and 3d Connecticut; 8th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 16th, 
18th, 27th, 29th, 31st, 32d, 35th, 38th and 39th New York Volunteers ; 2d, 8th, 14th, 69th, 7l8t 
and 79th New York Militia; 27th Pennsylvania Volunteers; 1st, 2d, and 3d Michigan ; 1st 
Minnesota ; 1st, and 2d Ohio ; detachments of the 2d, 3d and 8th United States Infantry, and a 
Battalion of Marines ; of Artillery, Batteries D, E, G and M, 2d Artillery ; E, 3d Artillery ; D, 
5th Artillery ; and the 2d Rhode Island Battery; of Cavalry, detachments from the 1st and 2d 
Dragoons. 

Among the killed were Brig. Gens. B. E. Bee and Barton, C. S. A. 

Bull Run (2d) Virginia (August 30, 1862.) 

Union losses — Killed, 800; wounded, 4,000: missing, 3,000. 

Confederate losses — Killed, 700 ; wounded, 3,000 ; missing — . 

Union troops engaged — 1st and 3d Corps, army of Virginia; Hooker's and Kearney's Divi- 
sions 3d and 5th Corps, and Reynolds' Division 1st Corps, Army of the Potomac, and the 9th 
Corps. 

Brig. Gens. Tower and Schenck, U. S. V., wounded, and Field, Timble and Mahone, C. S. A., 
wounded. 

Campaign in Northern Georgia, from Chattanooga to Atlanta (May 5, to September 8, 1864)* 

Union losses — Killed, 5,284 ; wounded, 26,129; missing, 5,786. 

Confederate losses — Not known. 
Union troops engaged — Armies of the Cumberland, Tennessee and Ohio. 

Cedar Mountain, Virginia (August 9, 1862). 
Union losses — Killed, 450; wounded, 660 ; missing, 290. 
Confederate losses — Killed, 229 ; wounded, 1,047 ; missing, 31. 

Chattanooga, Tennessee (November 23 to 25, 1863). 
Union losses — Killed, 757 ; wounded, 4,529 ; missing, 330. 
Confederate losses — Killed, 861 ; wounded, 2,181 ; missing, 6,142. 

Corinth, Mississippi (October 3 and 4, 1862). 
Union losses — Killed, 315 ; wounded, 1,812; missing, 232. 
Confederate losses — Killed, 2,017; wounded, 7,854; missing, 4,350. 

Union troops engaged — McKean's, Davie's, Hamilton's and Stanley's Divisions, Army of 
the Mississippi. Brig. Gen. P. A. Hackleman, killed ; Brig. Gen. Oglesby, wounded. 

Chancellorsivillk, Virgnna (May, 1 to 5, 1863). 

Union losses — Killed, 1,512 ; wounded, 9,518 ; missing, 5,000. 

Confederate losses — Killed, 1,581; wounded, 8,700 ; missing, 2,000. 

Union troops engaged — 1st, 2d, 3d, 5th, 6th, 11th, and 12t]x Corps, Army of the Potomac. 

Maj. Gen. Hiram G. Berry and Brig. Gen. A. W. Whipple, killed ; Brig. Gens. Devan and 
Kirby, U. S. A., wounded. 

Brig. Gen. E. F. Paxton, killed ; Lieut. Gen. J. S. Jackson, Major Gen. A. P. Hill, and 
Brig. Gens. Hooke, Nichols, Ramseur, McGowan, Heth and Pender, C. S. A., wounded. 



548 UNION COUNTY 

Chickamauga, Georgia (September 19 to 23, 1863). 

Union losses — Killed, 1,644; wounded, 9, '262 ; missing, 4,945. 

Confederate losses — Killed, 2,389 ; wounded, 13,412 ; missing, 2,003. 

Union troops engaged — 14th, 20th, 21st Corps, and Reserve Corp?, Army of the Cumberland. 

Brig. Gen. W. H. Lytle, killed; Brig. Gens. Starkweather, Whittaker and King, U. S. A., 
wounded. 

Brig. Gens. Preston Smith, Deshler and B. H. Helm, killed ; Maj. Gens. J. B. Hood, and 
Brig. Gens. Adams, Brown, Gregg, McNair, Bunn, Preston, Cleburne, Beaning and Clayton, 
C. S. A., wounded. 

Col. Valentine Cupp, 1st 0. V. Cav., killed. 

Fall of Petersburg, Virginia (April 2, 1865). 

Union losses — Killed, 296; wounded, 2,565; missing, 500. 

Confederate losses — Killed, ; wounded, ; missing, 3,000. 

Union troops engaged — 2d, 6th and 9th Corps, Army of the Potomac; 24th Corps, Army 
of the James. 

Maj. Gen. Grant and Potter, Brig. Gen. Chamberlain, Dennison, Sickels, Madill and Mc- 
Dougall, United States Army, wounded. 

Lieut. Gen. D. H. Hill, Confedei-ate States Army, killed. 

Five Forks, Virginia (April 1, 1865). 
Union losses — Killed, 124; wounded, 706; missing, 54. 
Confederate losses — Killed and wounded, 3,000 ; missing, 5,500. 

Franklin, Tennessee (November 30, 1864). 

Union losses — Killed. 189; wounded, 1,033 ; missing, 1,104. 

Confederate losses — Killed, 1,750; wounded, 3,800; missing, 702. 

Union troops engaged — 4th Corps, Army of the Cumberland, 23d Corps, Army of the Ohio. 

Maj. Gens. Stanley and Bradley, U. S. A., wounded. 

Maj. Gen. Cleborne, Brig. Gens. Adams, John, Williams, Strahl, Geist and Granberry, 
killed ; Maj. Gen. J. Bowen, Brig. Gens. S. Carter, Manigault, Quarles, Cockerelle and Scott, C. 
S. A., wounded. 

Fredericksburg, Virginia (December 13, 1862). 

Union losses — Killed, 1,180; wounded, 9,028; missing, 2,145. 

Confederate losses — Killed, 579; wounded, 3,870; missing, 127. 

Union troops engaged — 1st, 2d, 3d, 5th, 6th and 9th Corps, Army of the Potomac. 

Brig. Gen. C. F. Jackson and G. D. Bayard, killed, and Gibson and Vinton, U. S. A., 
wounded; Brig. Gen. T. R. R. Cobb, killed, and Maxcy Gregg, C. S. A., wounded. 

Getttsbueg, Pennsylvania (July 1 to 3, 1863). 

Union losses— Killed, 2,834; wounded, 13,709; missing, 6,643. 

Confederate losses — Killed, 3,500; wounced, 14,500; missing, 13.621. 

Union troops engaged — 1st, 2d, 3d, 5th, 6th, 11th and 12th Corps, and Cavalry Corps, Army 
of the Potomac. 

Maj. Gen. John F. Reynolds, Brig. Gen. S. H. Weed, Kosciusko, Zook and Elon .J. Farns- 
worth, killed; Maj. Gen. D. E. Sickels and W. S. Hancock, and Brig. Gen. Paul, T. A. Row- 
ley, J. Gibbons and F. C. Barlow, U. S. A., wounded. 

Maj. Gen. Pender, Brig. Gen. R. B. Gurnett, W. Barksdale, and Semmes, killed ; Mmj. 
Gea. Hood, Trimble and Heth, Brig. Gens. Kemper, Scales, G. T. Anderson, Hamton, J. M. 
Jones, Jenkins, Petligrew and Posey, C. S. A., wounded. 

Harpkr's Ferry, Virginia (September 12 to 15, 1862). 
Union losses — Killed, 80; wounded, 120; missing, 11,583. 
Confederate losses — Killed and wounded, 500. 

Jackson, Mississippi (July 9 to 16, 1863). 
Union losses — Killed, 100; wounded, 800; missing, 100. 
Confederate losses — Killed, 71 ; wounded, 504 ; missing, 764. 

Kenesaw Mountain, Georgia (June 9 to 30, 1864). 
Union losses — Killed, 1,370; wounded, 6,500; missing, 800. 
Confederate losses — Killed and wounded, 110; missing, 3,500. 

Mine Explosion at Petersburg, Virginia (July 30, 1864). 
Union losses — Killed, 419; wounded, 1,679 ; missing, 1,910. 
Confederate losses — Killed, 400; wounded, 600; missing, 200. 

Union troops engaged — 9th Corps, supported by the 18th Corps, with the 2d and oih 
Corps in reserve. 



MILITARY RECORD. 547 

Pea Ridge Arkansas (March 6 to 8, 1862). 
Union losses — Killed, 203; wounded, 972; missine;, 174. 
Confederate losses— Killed, 1,100; wounded, 2,500; missing, 1,600. 

Peach Teee Creek, Georgi.a. (July 20, 1864). 

Union losses — Killed. 300; wounded, 1,410; missing, . 

Confederate losses — Killed, 1,113; wounded, 2,500; missing, 1,183. 

Union troops engaged — 4th, 14th and 20th Corps, Army of the Cumberland ; Gen. G. H. 
Thomas, of the Army of Military Division of Missouri. 

Brig. Gens. W. S. Featherstone, A. L. long, J. J. Pettis, and G. M. Stevens, C. S. A., 
killed. 

Perrtville, Kentucky (October 8, 1862). 

Union losses — Killed, 916 ; wounded, 2,948 ; missing, 489. 

Confederate losses — Killed, 1,300; wounded, 3,000; missing, 2,700. 

Petersburg, Virginia (June 15 to 19, 1864). 
Union losses — Killed, 1,298; wounded, 7,474; missing, 1,814. 
Confederate losses — Not known. 

Union trocps engaged — 10th and 18th Corps, Army of the .James; 2d, 5th, 6th and 9th 
Corps, Army of the Potomac. 

Petersburg (fall of), Virginia (April 2, 1865). 
Union losses — Killed, 296 ; wounded, 2,565 ; missing, 500. 
Confederate losses — Killed, ; wounded, ; missing, 3,000. 

Siege of Port Hudson, Louisiana (May 27 to July 9, 1863). 

Union Losses — Killed, 500; wounded, 2,500; missing, . 

Confederate losses — Killed, 100 ; wounded, 700 ; missing, 6,408. 

Resaca, Georgia (May 13 to 16, 1864). 

Union losses — Killed, 600; wounded, 2,147; missing, . 

Confederate losses — Killed, 300; wounded, 1,500; missing, 1,000. 

Union troops engaged— 4th, 14th, 20th Corps, and cavalry. Army of the Cumberland ; 15th 
and 16th Corps, Army of the Tennessee: 23d Corps, Army of the Ohio. 

Maj. Gen. Kilpatrick, commanding the 3d Cavalry Division, U. S. A., wounded, and Bri"' 
Gen. B. G. Wadkins, C. S. A., killed. 

Sailor's Creek, Virginia (April 6, 1865). 

Union losses — Killed, 166 ; wounded, 1,014 ; missing, . 

Confederate losses — Killed and wounded, 1,000; missing, 6,000. 

Union troops engaged — Cavalry Corps, 2d and 6th Corps, Army of the Potomac. 

Seven Days' Retreat, Virginia (June 26 to July 1, 1862). 
Union losses — Killed, 1,582; wounded, 7,709; missing, 5,958. 
Confederate losses — Killed, 2,820; wounded, 14,011 ; missing, 752. 

Union troops engaged — 1st, 2d, 3d, 4th, 6th Corps, Stoneman's Cavalry Corps, and 
Engineers, Army of the Potomac. 

Seven Pines and Fair Oaks, Virginia (May 31 and June 1, 1862). 

Union losses — Killed, 890; wounded, 3,627 ; missing, 1,222. 

Confederate losses— Killed, 2,800; wounded, 3,897; missing, 1,300. 

Union troops engaged — 2d, 3d and 4th Corps, Army of the Potomac. 

Brig. Gens. Wessells, Nagle and 0. 0. Howard, U. S. A , wounded; Gen. J. E. Johnson (com- 
manding), and Brig. Gen. R. E. Rhodes, wounded; Brig. Gen. Robert Hatton, killed, and J J. 
Pettigrew, C. S. A., captured. 

Shiloh, Tennessee (April 6 and 7, 1862). 

Union losses — Killed, 1,735; wounded, 7,882; missing, 3,956. 

Confederate losses — Killed, 1,728; wounded, 8,012 ; missing, 959. 

Union troops engaged— 1st, 2d, 3d, 4th, 5th and 6th Divisions, Army of the District of West 
Tennessee ; 2d, 4th and 5th Divisions and 21st Brigade of the 6th Division, Army of the Ohio ; 
and gunboats Tyler and Lexington. 

Maj. Gen. A. S. Johnson (commander-in-chief), and Brig. Gen. A. H. Gladden, killed; Maj. 
Gen. W. S. Cheatham, Brig. Gens. C. Clark, B. R. Johnson and J. S. Bowen, C. S. A., wounded. 
Gens. W. T. Sherman and W. H. L. Wallace, wounded; Gen. B. M. Prentiss, U. S. A., captured. 



548 UNION COUNTY 

Siege of Vicksburg, Mississippi (May 18 to July 4, 1863). 

Union losses — Killed, 545 ; wounded, 3,688 ; missing, 303. 

Confederate losses — Killed, ; wounded, ; missing, 31,277. 

Union troops engaged — 13th, 15th and 17th Corps, assisted by the navy on the Mississippi 
River. After the assault of the 16th Corps, the 2d Division of the 9th Corps, and a Division 
from the Department of the Missouri, were added to the forces. On July 4, 1863, the Con- 
federates surrendered. 

Brig. Gen. Green, killed, and Brig. Gen. Baldwin, C. S. A., wounded. 

Siege of Port Hudson, Louisiana (May 27 to July 9, 1863). 

Union losses — Killed, 500 ; wounded, 2,500 ; missing, . 

Confederate losses — Killed, 100 ; wounded, 700 ; missing, 6,408. 

Union troops engaged — Maj. Gen. Weitzel's, Grover's, Paine's, Augur's and D wight's Divis- 
ions, of the 19th Corps; Maj. Gen. Banks' Army of the Gulf, assisted by the navy. Con- 
federates surrendered .July 9, 1863. 

Brig. Gens. W. T. Sherman and H. E. Paine, U. S. A., wounded. 

Six-Mile House, Weldon Railroad, Virginia (August 18, 19 and 20, 1864). 

Union losses — Killed, 212; wounded, 1,155 ; missing, 3,176. 

Confederate losses — Killed, not known; wounded, 2,000: missing, 2,000. 

Union troops engaged — Kautz's Cavalry and the 2d Cavalry Division, 5th and 9th Corps, 
Army of the Potomac. 

Brig. Gens. Saunders and Lamar, killed ; Gens. Claigman, Barton, Finnegan and Anderson, 
C. S A., wounded. 

Spottsylvania, Virginia (May 8 to 21, 1864). 

Union losses — Killed, 4,177 ; wounded, 19,687 ; missing, 2,577. 

Confederate losses — Killed, 1,000; wounded, 5,000 ; missing, 3,000. 

Union troops engaged — 2d, 5th, 6th and 9th Corps, and Cavalry Corps, Army of the 
Potomac. 

Maj. Gen. J. Sedgwick, Brig. Gens. J. C. Rice, J. J. Owens and T. G. Stevenson, killed ; 
Brig. Gens. Robertson, Bartlett, Morris and Baxter, U. S. A., wounded. 

Gens. Daniels and Perrin, killed ; Gens. Hayes and Walker, wounded ; Brig. Gen. G. H. 
Stewart and Maj. Gen. Ed. Johnson, C. S. A., captured. 

Stone's River, Tennessee (December 31, 1862, to January 3, 1863). 

Union losses — Killed, 1,533; wounded, 7,245; missing, 2,800. 

Confederate losses — Killed and wounded, 9,000 ; missing, 16,560. 

Union troops engaged — McCook's right wing, Thomas's Corps, center, and Crittenden's 
Corps, left wing. Army of the Cumberland. 

Brig. Gen. Sill, Killed; Brig. Gen. Kirk, U. S. A., wounded. Brig. Gens. Raines and 
Hanson, killed ; Brig. Gens. Chalmers and Davis, C. S. A., wounded. 

Cols. Minor Milliken, 1st 0. V. Cav., and J. G. Hawkins, 13th 0. V. I., killed. 

Vicksburg (siege of), Mississippi (May 18 to July 4, 1863). 
Union losses — Killed, 525 ; wounded, 3,688 ; missing, 303. 
Confederate losses — Killed, ; wounded, ; missing, 31,277. 

Wilderness, Virginia (May 5 to 7 1864). 

Union losses — Killed, 5,597 ; wounded, 21,463; missing, 10,677. 

Confederate losses — Killed, 2,000 ; wounded, 6,000 ; missing, 3,400. 

Union troops engaged — 2d, 5th, 6th and 9th Corps and Cavalry Corps, Army of the 
Potomac. 

Brig. Gene. James S. Wadsworth, Alex. Hays and A. S. Webb, killed, and Brig. Gens. 
Getty and Carroll, U. S. A., wounded. 

Gens. J. M. Jones and Pickett, killed, and Gens. Longstreet, Pegram, Staford, Hunter 
and Jennings, C. S. A., wounded. 

Wilson's Creek, .Missouri (August 10, 1861). 
Union losses — Killed, 223 ; wounded, 721 ; missing, 291. 
Conlederate losses — Killed, 265; wounded, 800; missing, 30. 

Opequan, Winchester, Virginia (September 19, 1864). 

Union losses — Killed, 653 ; wounded, 3,719; missing, 618. 

Confederate losses — Killed and wounded, 3,000; missing, 2,500. 

Union troops engaged — 8th Corps and 2d Division Cavalry, Army of West Virginia ; 6th 
Corps and 1st and 2d Divisions Cavalry, Army of the Potomac; 1st and 2d Divisions 19th Corps, 
Army of the Middle Military Division. 




yyW a-l<oy i//ciyiA^-^-£T^^ 



MILITARY RECORD. 551 

Brig. Gen. D. A. Russell and Col. J. A. Mulligan, killed ; and Brig. Gens. Mcintosh , Upton 
and Champan, U. S. A., woundfd. 

Maj. Gen. Rhodes, Brig. Gens. Gordon and Goodwin, killed; and Fitzhugh Lee, Terry, 
Johnson and Wharton, C. S. A., wounded. 

The official chronological summary of important engagements and battles, as compiled by 
the Surgeon General U. S. A., indicates the following losses: 

Union troops— Killed, 59,860; wounded, 280,040; missing, 184,791. 
Confederate troops — Killed, 51,425 ; wounded, 227,871; missing, 384,281. 
The last aggregate includes the armies surrendered. 

RELIEF WORK AND AID SOCIETIES. 

During the long weary years of the war, those who went to the field were 
not the only sufferers nor the only persons who devoted their services and 
lives to their country. The heroism displayed by the loyal women of the North 
as they labored at home, in the hospitals and on the battle-field, proved that 
they were not unworthy their soldiers. 

Of the vast amount of work done by the fortunate ones whobe privilege it 
was to devote their means and their services to the care of the soldiers and 
their families, there is no record save that inscribed in the minds and hearts of a 
gi'ateful and sympathetic people. The real history of their service never has 
been, never can be written. 

Societies were organized in every town, village and hamlet, in which the 
whole people joined in the unofiicial efforts in behalf of their stricken ones. 

Thft first movement in Union County for the relief of soldiers was in Oc- 
tober, 1861, in response to an appeal of the Governor made to the generosity 
of all friends of the Union to contribute blankets and articles of clothing for 
the men in the field — the Government (.being unable to supply these goods in 
such quantities as they were demanded. Accordingly, committees were ap- 
pointed in each township and the work of collecting and shipping the re- 
quired ai'ticles was pushed rapidly forward. 

To the citizens of Union Township is due the honor of having taken the 
first steps in the county for the purpose of rendering material aid and comfort to 
the families of volunteers from their township. At a meeting held in Milford 
Center, in November, 1861, there was appointed a committee of one from each 
school district of the township, whose duty it was to learn the necessities of 
such families and to solicit and receive money for their use. 

In pui-suance of the proclamation of the Governor of Ohio, issued April 
11, 1862, calling for donations for the relief of the sick and wounded Union 
soldiers, a large number of the citizens of Marysville assembled at ^the court 
house on Monday. April 14, and organized a Soldiers' Relief Society, with 
the following officers: Mrs. W. W. Woods, President; Mrs. Ingman, Vice 
President; Miss Mary Coe, Secretary and Treasurer; and Mrs. Pickett, Mrs. 
Mary Cooper, Mrs. B. F. Kelsey, Mrs. J. W. Robinson, and Mrs. S. C. Lee, 
Executive Committee. 

Constitution of the Ladies' Soldiers' Aid Societv of Marysville, Union 
Co., Ohio. 

Article 1. This society shall be called the Ladies' Soldiers' Aid Society 
of Marysville, Union Co., Ohio. 

Art. 2. The officers shall be a President, Vice President, Secretary and 
Treasurer, and the committees — first, the Executive Committee; second, the 
Purchasing Committee; third, the Committee on Supplies. 

Art. 8. All persons contributing and assisting with work and subscribing 
to the constitution are entitled to membership in the society. 

Art 4. The President will preside over all the meetings, executive and 
otherwise, and have general charge of all the? interests of the society. 

s 



552 " UNION COUNTY 

Art. 5. The Vice President will till the President's chair in her absence. 

Akt. 6. The Secretary will enroll the names of members, keep a record of 
the meetings, the nnmber of persons present, make a report of each meeting 
of the society, conduct the corrpspoudence by order of the Executive Board, 
and also act as Treasiu-er. 

Akt. 7. The Executive Committee will have the custody, care and storage, 
with packing and forwarding of all goods, they will solicit donations, will de- 
termine with the President's advice the kind of work to be done by the so- 
ciety and will give general oversight of the other committees. They will 
also call public meetings of the citizens when it is considered necessary. 

Art. 8. The Pm-chasing Committee will make all purchases for the So- 
ciety and bring in their bills with a written report each week. 

Art. 9. The Committee on Supplies will pre]>are work and distribute it 
properly, will give out work to those willing to receive it at home, but unable 
to attend, and will also see it collected, and bring in a wi'itteu report weekly. 

Art. 10. The constitution may be altered and by-laws adopted at any 
regular meeting of the society, by a vote of a majority of those present, no- 
tice of the same being given at a previous meeting. 

Art. 11. Three members of the Executive Board may constitute a quorum 
to do business. 

Each committee will appoint a Chairman. Each member will solicit 
donations whenever an opportunity occurs. 

Bv-laws adopted at the first annual meeting of the societv, held Noveni - 
ber 25'. 1864. 

1. That tlie society have an election of officers at each annual meeting. 

2. That the last meeting in November will be the annual meeting. 

3. That a quarterly report be made from the Secretary and Treasurer. 
About the time <.»f the organization of the Ladies' Soldiers' Aid Society 

in Marysville, similar" societies were organized in the various townships of the 
county. Large sums of money and great quantities of supplies were collected 
and sent forward for the soldiers. No better outline of the work of these so- 
cieties can be given than the following summary of sanitary stores which were 
shipped from Marysville during the last two weeks of April. 1862: 

Blankets, U; bed ticks, 1 ; bandages, 25 rolls; books. 6; butter, 25 pounds; 
comforts, 18; cushions, 73; clothes, combs, crackex's, cocoa; drawers, 7 J pair; 
dried fruit, 25 packages; dried beef, 8 packages; dressing gowns, 12; eggs, 
184: dozen; handkerchiefs, 60; ham, 400 pounds; jars of fruit, 82; jelly, 3 
glasses; loaf sugai", 50 pounds; maple sugar; mattress, 1; needle cases, 4; 
needles; pillows, 117; pillow cases, 249 pairs; perpai'ed chicken, 84 cans; 
paper and envelopes, pens, pencils, pins, periodicals, pin cushions; pickles, 
1 barrel; quilts, 32; rice sheets, 179; shirts, 209; socks, 69 pairs; s]i}ipers. 
12 pairs; tablecloths, 4; towels, 233; tea cakes, 1 bushel; tapioca; wine, 1 
bottle. 

Few if any of the societies have left a report that would satisfactorily ex- 
hibit the barest outline of their efforts. But from the time of their organiza- 
tion until the close of the war — when help was no longer needed — the work 
was carried on with indefatigable vigor, and on a scale proportional with the 
number of soldiers fiumished by the county. 

As the war progressed, other and more public movements for relief were 
inaugurated, in which Union County expended 1^30,786 as a Military Relief 
Fund, $39,604 as a Boimty Fund, Tind $2,000 as a Veteran Bounty Fund — 
$72,390 in all. This amount was raised by public tax and entirely outside of 
the thousands of dollars donated in a private way by individuals and aid so- 
cieties of the county. 



Mii.iTARV ia:coiiu. 553 



UNION COUNTY EX-HOLI>IER8 AHKOCIATION. 



A number of ox-soldierH assembled at Union Hall, Marysvillo, Ohio, on 
Monday ovenin<^, July 20, 1880, and organized themHelveH into a society, 
styled "The Union County Ex-Soldiers' and Sailors' AK.sociation. " 

The following plan of organization was adopted by the society. 

" This organization shall be known as The Union County Ex-Soldiers' and 
Sailors' Association. 

"All officers and soldiers in the United States service during any part of 
the war of the rebellion, who were honorably discharged, may become mem- 
bers by signing the Constitution and By-Laws of the Association. 

" The officers of the society shall bo a President, Vice President, Secre- 
tary and Treasurer, to be elected by ballot annually, and to servo until their 
succc^HSors are elected. 

" The main object of this organization shall be to i^erpetuate the memo- 
ries of the service and cherish its friendships by annual meetings or celebra- 
tions and r(!-unions under the charge of the officer.^ of the society and such {as- 
sistants as may be appointed for the [)urpose; on the death of a comrade, to 
attend the funeral in a body and to render assistance in any way that may be 
deemed necessary and to aid in perpetuating the National Decoration Day. 

" The objects of the organization may be furthered in any other appropriate 
manner the society may adopt." 

The first officers elected by the association were: J. L. Cameron, Presi- 
dent; W. L. Curry, Secretary, and J. Van Pearse, Assistant Secretary. 

The first re-union of the ex-soldiers of Union County was held under the 
auspices of this society at Marysville, on the 20th of July, 1881. 

Everything conspired to render this first re-union a grand success. A 
beautiful, bright blue sky, a cool, refreshing breeze, the beating of drums and 
flaunting of banners, a host of distinguished visitors and a long line of battle- 
scarred veterans ushered in the day which was to witness one of the greatest 
events in the history of the town. 

The decorations both public and private were universal. Big flags and 
little flags waved and fluttered everywhere in the breeze, and the view up and 
down the leading streets of festooned arches and long lines of buildings be- 
decked with bunting, evergreens and inscriptions, was the admiration of the 
many visitors and a surprise to our own citizens. 

An account of the exercises of the day would be Ijut a repetition of the 
programme, which read as follows: 

.NAXrO.NAL SAI.irrK AT SUNRIMK. 

Procession will form at 11 o'clock A. M., with right resting at the public 
square, in the following order, under the direction of Col. W. L. Carry, Chief 
Marshal : 

1. Cornet Band. 

2. Military companies under command of Capt. W. M. Liggett, escorting 
veterans. 

3. Veteran Cavalry under command of Capt. John Hobensack. 

4. Drum Corps. 

5. Veterans under command of Capt. John Wiley, with Old Battle Flags. 
0. Battery. 

7. Band. 

8. Governor, speakers and visitors. 

9. Mayor, Council and fire department. 

10. Bummers and camp followers, under command of Capt. John New- 
love. 



554 UNION COUNTY 

11. Citizens. 

12. As the head of tlie cohimn arrives at the grounds, a salute will be fired 
from battery to Commander-in-Chief 

13. Review of Veterans and Military by Governor, Adjutant General and 
distinguished military officers. Invocation by Rev. H. Thrall, and Welcome 
Address by President J. L. Cameron. 

14. Pic-nic dinner. 

AFTERNOON. 

15. Music — " Honor to the Soldiers " — Philharmonic Society. 

16. Oration — Gen. J. Warren Keifer. 

17. Music — Band. 

18. Song — " Tenting on the Old Camp Ground " — Philharmonic Society. 

19. Address. 

20. Music — " Columbia, the Gem of the Ocean " — Philhai'monic Society. 

21. Business meeting of Regiments at Fine Art Hall. 

22. Amusements and drill by military and cavalry. 

Eighteen different Ohio regiments were represented in the procession, 
each regiment cai-rying its own old battle-flag which had been taken from the 
flag room in the State House to be present at this re-union. 

Addresses were also made on this occasion by Gov. Foster, Hon. 
George K. Nash, Hon. Charles Townsend, Hon. J. F. Oglevee, Gen. J. S. 
Jones, Gen. J. S. Robinson and other distinguished guests. And thus pleas- 
antly closed the exercises of the day. All concerned are to be congratulated 
on the entire success of the re-union, and not the least of these are the ladies 
who so untiringly gave their labor and taste to the work of making the occa- 
sion a success. The number in attendance was estimated at from ten to twelve 
thousand. 

The second re-union of this association was held at Marysville on the 17th 
of August, 1882, Dr. D. W. Henderson presiding, and D. T. Elliot acting as 
Secretary. 

" Not only the soldiers themselves were present on this occasion, but they 
brought their families and remained all day and interlarded the proceedings 
with a basket dinner, thus making the occasion one of real social pleasure." 

One of our newspapers, in commenting on these re-unious, says: 

" The annual re-union of the soldiers of Union County has become one 
of the permanent institutions, as it ought to be. We hope these re-unions may 
become more prominent every year. The number of soldiers will from now 
be thinning out, but with their decreasing number will come a more vivid 
recollection of the events which they helped create." 

Twenty years hence they will be very scarce. Hence the necessity of the 
present organization, which is designed to bring into closer fellowship the old 
veterans who boi'e the heat and burden of the conflict, and to keep them in the 
kindest regards for each other while they are living. 

Let us, therefore, cherish the Soldiers' Association of Union County for 
the good its members have doue and for the glorious memories it is designed 
to perpetuate. D. Webb is the present President, and W. M. Winget, Sec- 
retary of the Association. 

GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 

A Post of the Grand Army of the Republic was organized in Marysville, 
August 25, 1881. The Post was named Ransom Reed Post, in honor of the 
first soldier from Union County who lost his life in the war for the preserva- 
tion of the Nation. Ransom Reed was a private. Company F, Thirteenth 
Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, who fell at the battle of Carnifex Ferry, 
September 10, 1861. 



MILITARY RECORD. 555 

The number of the Post is 113, Department of Ohio. The Post was or- 
ganized and instituted by Capt. D. Lanning, of Columbus, Ohio, mustering offi- 
cer. The charter members were W. L. Cuny, M. C. Lawrence, John 
Hobensack, Andrew Sabine, J. V. Pearse, W. P. Anderson, S. G. Fry, S. M. 
Landon, D. T. Elliott, D. W. Ayers, J. L. Cameron. William M. Winget. J. 
B. Cole, G. P. Kobinson, Frank Filler, T. P. Freeman, William H. Robb, 
William M. Liggett, Homer Thrall, John L. Porter. L N. Hamilton, Thomas 
Martin, T. S. Mullen, B. W. Keyes, D. Webb, John Wiley, W. E. Baxter, W. 
H. Robinson and William Torrence. 

The first officers chosen were: W. L. Curry, Post Commander; John 
Hobensack, Senior Vice Commander; M. C. Lawrence, Junior Vice Commander; 
W. M. Liggett, Adjutant; W. H. Robb, Quartermaster; Andrew Sabine, Surgeon; 
Homer Thrall, Chaplain; W. P. Anderson, Officer of the Day; S. G. Fry, Officer 
of the Guard; D. T. Elliott, Sergeant Major; S. M. Landon, Quartermaster 
Sergeant; J. B. Cole, Assistant Inspector; and W. M. Winget, Aid-de-Camp. 

Ransom Reed Post has had uninterrupted growth and prosperity. There 
have been only one or two meetings in eighteen months that recruits have 
not been mustered. The total number mustered in the Post since its organ- 
ization is 220; of these ten have been transferred to the Scribner Post, since 
organized at Plain City. In this large number of comrades there are repre- 
sentatives of over seventy different regiments and battalions. 

Only one member of the Post has died since the organization, M. C. Law- 
rence, late Lieutenant Colonel of the One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio In- 
fantry, who at the time of his death was Junior Vice Commander. His death 
occurred December 15, 1881, and on the 18th he was buried by the Post ac- 
cording to the service prescribed in the ritual for the burial of the dead. 

As the public are interested in knowing the objects of the Grand Army of 
the Republic, it may be well to give a brief statement of them here. First, the 
object is not political; this is distinctly declared in the following emphatic 
language in the rules: 

" No officer or comrade of the Grand Army of the Republic shall in any 
manner use this organization for partisan purposes, and no discussion of par- 
tisan questions shall be allowed at any of its meetings, nor shall any nomina- 
tion for political office be made. " 

The objects are: 1st, "the preservation of the spirit of comradeship, to 
preserve and strengthen those kind and fraternal feelings which bind together the 
soldiers, sailors and marines who united to suppress the late rebellion, and 
to perpetuate the memory and history of the dead. " 

To secure the last-mentioned object, a day is set apart, the 30th of May, 
to be observed as Decoration Day. The Post has an impressive service to be 
used on that day. 2d, mutual helpfulness. "To assist such former comrades 
in arms as need help and protection, and to extend needful aid to the widows 
and orphans of those who have fallen.'" It is the design of each Post to ac- 
cumulate a fund to be used for charitable purposes. 3d, the promotion of 
loyality to the Nation. "To maintain true allegiance to the United States of 
America, based upon a paramount respect for and fidelity to the National Con- 
stitution and laws, to discountenance whatever tends to weaken loyality, in- 
cites to insurrection, treason or rebellion or in any manner impairs the effi- 
ciency and permanency of our free institutions; and to encourage the spread 
of universal liberty, equal rights and justice to all men." No man can be- 
come a member of the Grand Army of the Republic who has ever borne arms 
against the Government, or upon whom "the stain of treason rests. " All 
honorably discharged soldiers and sailors of the war for the preservation of the 
Nation are eligible to membership. All distinction of rank are done away. 



556 UNION COUNTY 

the title by whicb members are addressed or referred to in the meetings and 
business of the Post being " Comrade." 

The several constituted bodies of the association are Post, the State or 
ganization or Department, and the national organization, known as the Na- 
tional Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic. 

A badge, consisting of a bronze star made out of cannon captured during 
the war and upon which is represented every corps of the army, is given to 
each comrade at his muster in. 

The Commander of a Grand Army Post ranks as Colonel; S. V. Com- 
mander, Lieutenant Colonel; J. V. Commander, Major; Surgeon, Major; OflEi- 
cer of the Day, Captain; Quartermaster, First Lieutenant: Adjutant, First 
Lieutenant; and Officer of the Guard, Second Lieutenant. 

CURRY CADETS. 

BY A. H. BEIGHTLEE. 

On the 18th day of July, 1877, under the statute of the State, authorizing the organization 
of military companies, to be known as the Oliio National Guard, and to be subject to the order 
of the Governor for the purpose of suppressing riots or repelling invasion, a company was or- 
ganized in Marys ville, composed of forty-five young men from among the best families in the town. 
Their enlistment was for the term of five years. On the same date William L. Curry was elected 
Captain of the company, William M. Liggett First, and Charles W. Radebaugh, Second Lieuten- 
ant. The company was at once furnished with fatigue uniforms and Springfield breech-load- 
ing rifles by the State. 

From the organization of the company its officers were very diligent in drilling it, and it 
soon became one of the best drilled and disciplined companies in the State. 

The company was assigned to the Fourteenth Regiment, then being formed, with headquar- 
ters at Columbus, and was at first Company " E " of that orgaaizition, and afterward changed 
to " D." By a resolution unanimously adopted July 4, 1878, the company was named the 
" Curry Cadets, " in honor of Capt. Curry, who had then been elected Lieutenant Colonel 
of the Fourteenth Regiment. On November 23, 1877, William M. Liggett was promoted to 
the captaincy of the company, and Charles W. Radebaugh to the Frst Liieutenancy. John F. 
Zuerner was elected Second Lieutenant. 

The Fourteenth Regiment having its headquarters at Columbus, was often called upon to 
do active duty, on important public occasions, and in which the Curry Cadets always participated. 
On January 14, 1878, it took part at Columbus in the inauguration of R. M. Bishop, as 
Governor of Ohio, and foriped a part of the great military review on that occasion. 

August 11, 1880, it took part in the National Re-union of ex-soldiers and sailors at Colum- 
bus, where it was reviewed by President Hayes, General Sherman, and other distinguished officers 
of the Regular Army, and formed a part of the President's escort. 

It was also at the funeral of President Garfield at Cleveland, October, 1881, and was the 
recipient of special attention and honor on that memorable occasion. 

In an interview with Gen. W. S. Hancock, published in the Cleveland Z)a% (?^o6e, at that 
time, the General spoke in terms of the highest praise of the military bearing, strict discipline 
and soldierly appearance of the Fourteenth Regiment. 

During the funeral ceremonies, the Fourteenth Regiment was given the post of honor, and 
placed on guard duty in Lake View Cemetery, and by orders from headquarters, the Curry Ca- 
dets were placed at the vault to guard the same and assist in .the decorations ; and they re- 
mained on duty there till the last sad rites in honor of the martyred President had been per- 
formed, and the distinguished men of the Nation there assembled had moved sadly and silently 
away. 

One week in each year the regiment went into camp, being furnished by the State with all 
necessary equipments for tliat purpose. 

The time in camp was always well improved, by company and battalion drill, and learning 
the details of camp life. The first camping- place of the regiment was on the fair grounds, near 
Marysville, in August, 1878, where a week was spent in active service. 

The next camping place was near Delaware, where the Regiment stayed from August 12 to 

17, 1879. 

In 1880, from August 5 to 10, at Niagara Falls, N. Y., and from the 10th to the 12th of the 
same month at Columbus, Ohio. 

In 1881, from August 3 to 9, at Lakeside, Ohio. 

On the 18th of July, 1882, twenty-five of the members of the company, who enlisted July 

18, 1877, were discharged by reason of the expiration of their term of enlistment, and the remain- 
ing members, with a number of recruits, re-organized the company, and it still maintains its 
reputation as a very elhcient organization. 



MILITARY RECORD. 557 

In 1882, Capt, William M. Liggett was elected Lieutenant- Colonel of the Fourteenth Regi- 
ment, vice W. L. Curry, resigned. 

The Curry Cadets then' elected Junot D. Buxton, Captain, .John I>. Sellers, First Lieuten- 
ant, and D. S. Alexander, Second Lieutenant. 

From August 17 to 24, 1882, the regiment camped on Belle Isle, near Detroit, Mich. 

Below is given a complete roster of the company, from its organization to the present time. 

William L. Curry, Charles W. Iladebaugh, Charles W. Snider, .John F. Zuerner, Asbury H. 
Beightler, Edward W. Porter, Junot D. Buxton, Otie W. Ingman, Lester Turner, Frank J. Hill, 
John M. Cassil, William M. Liggett, John H. Kinkade, John L. Sellers, Oscar R. Barbour, 
Charles F. Wilkins, John M. Brodrick, Stedman W. Coe, Charles Stuart, Charles F. Mason, John 
M. Wilkins, Jasper R. King, Charles L. Ousler, Arthur G. AVetzel, Samuel W. Peacock, Frank 
N. Hamilton, L. R. Newhouse, George W. Marlin, Le Roy Turner, J. F. Baker, John Weisbrod, 
C. L. Rose, C. F. Sellers, John V. Pearse, Joe S. Wilkins, Alex Houston, Z. T. Alexander, D. S. 
Alexander, John W. Anderson, Harry S. Bundy, William Hopkins, Deurelle S. Price, Henry 
Geinike, John Fleck. John Gamble, James B. Healey, W. K. Liggett, A. H. Morey, John Ousler, 
Ed M. Pierson, J. W. Cartmell, Frank Wright, Charles W. Southard, Stevenson C. Thompson, 
Walter C. Fullington, Henry L. Snider, J. T. Cartmell, Leonard Huffman, John Shadrach, 
Deurelle S. Porter, John St. John, William Grauman, Abner D. Coe, John Brannon, Henry E. 
Brown, Charles. H. Childs, Charles N Coats, Fred S. Bown, J. R. Carder, Frank Ford, Edward 
Fogarty, George R. Gordon, Fay A. Harrington, .Joel Jolley, John F. Morey, Joe Mullen, 
William L. McCampbell, William Peacock, A. P. Payne, Charles Smith, James R. St. John, 0. 
L. Winget, William Weidman, A. B. Agner, J. W. Cross, L. W. Davis, W. H. Elliott, Edward 
Harmount, J. W. McClay, W. F. Otte, .Jacob Schwarz, Lewis W. Webster, Charles W. Rice, Will- 
iam Smith, James A. Sellers, Byron Winget. Will E. Winget, John S. Berger, F. M. Cheney, 
William L. English, Emory L. Hoskins, Walter Kennedy, Charles Kennedy, C. B. Slocum, F. S. 
Southard, George Zuerner. 

MARCHES, BATTLES AND SIEGES. 
Believing that not only soldiers bnt the general reader, after having 
perused the brief history of the services of Union County's soldiers, would 
be interested in the " maxims of war " which govern the movements of an 
army in the field, I have carefully compiled, from the Army Regulations 
and the best military authorities, this short chapter on marches, battles and 
sieges. 

MARCHES. 

The object of the movement and the nature of the ground determine the 
order of march, the kind of troops in each column and the number of col- 
umns. 

The "general," sounded one hour before the time of marching, is the 
signal to strike tents, to load the wagons and pack-horses, and send them to 
the place of assembling. The fires are then put out, and care taken to avoid 
burning straw, etc., or giving to the enemy any other indication of the move- 
ment. 

The " march " will be beat in the infantry, and the " advance " sounded 
in the cavalry, in succession, as each is to take its place in the column. 

When the army should form suddenly to meet the enemy, the "long roll" 
is beat and " to horse" sounded. The troops form rapidly in front of their 
camp. 

Batteries of artillery and their caissons move with the corps to which 
they are attached; the field train and ambulances march at the rear of the 
column, and the baggage with the rear guard. 

In cavalry marches, when distant from the enemy, each regiment, and, if 
possible, each squadron, forms a separate column, in order to keep up the 
same gait from front to rear, and to trot, when desirable, on good ground. 
In such cases, the cavalry may leave camp later, and can give jnore rest to the 
horses and more attention to the shoeing and harness. Horses are not bridled 
lantil time to start. 

The execution of marching orders must not be delayed. If the com- 
mander is not at the head of his troops when they are to march, the next in 
rank puts the column in motion. 



558 UNION COUNTY 

In night marches, the Sergeant Major of each regiment remains at the 
roar with a drummer, to give notice when darkness or difficulty stops *^he 
march. In cavalry, a trumpeter is placed in rear of each squadron, and th e 
signal repeated to the head of the regiment. 

In approaching a defile, the Colonels are warned; they close their regi- 
ments as they come up (each regiment passes separately, Jat an accelerated 
pace and in as close order as possible). The leading regiment, having passed and 
left room for the whole column in close order, then halts, and moves again 
as soon as the last regiment is through. In the cavalry, each squadron, be- 
fore quickening the pace to rejoin the column, takes its original order of 
march. 

If two corps meet on the same road, they pass to the right, and both con- 
tinue their march, if the road is wide enough; if it is not, the first in the 
order of battle takes the road, the other halts. 

A column that halts to let another column pass resumes the march in ad- 
vance of the train of this column. If a column has to pass a train, the train 
must halt, if necessary, till the column passes. The cohimn which has pre- 
cedence must yield if the commander, on seeing the order of the other, finds 
it for the interest of the service. 

On a road, marching by the flank, it would be considered " good order "" to 
have 5,000 men to a mile, so that a full corps, of 30.000 men, would extend 
six miles; but with the average trains and batteries of artillery, the probabil- 
ities are that it would draw out to ten miles. On a long and regular march, 
the divisions and brigades should alternate in the lead; the leading divisions 
should be on the road by the earliest dawn, and march at the rate of about 
two miles, or at most two and a half miles, an hour, so as to reach camp by 
noon. Even then the rear division and trains will hardly reach camp much 
before night. Theoretically, a marching column should preserve such order 
that by simply halting and facing to the right or left it would be in line of 
battle; but this is rarely the case, and generally deployments are made " for- 
ward," by conducting each brigade by the flank obliquely to the right or left 
to its approximate position in line of battle, and there deployed. In such a 
line of battle, a brigade of 3,000 infantry would occupy a mile of " front;" 
but for a strong line of battle, 5,000 men, with two batteries, should be al- 
lowed to each mile, or a division would habitually constitute a double line 
with skirmishers and a reserve on a mile of " front." 



Dispositions for battle depend on the number, kind and quality of the 
troops opposed, on the ground, and on tiie objects of the war; but the follow- 
ing rules are to be observed generally: 

In attacking, the advanced guard endeavors to capture the enemy's 
outposts, or cut them off from the main body. Having done so, or driven them 
in, it occupies, in advancing, all the points that can cover or facilitate the 
march of the army or secure its reti'eat, such as bridges, defil9!S, woods and 
heights; it then makes attacks, to occupy the enemy, without risking too 
much, and to deceive them as to the march and projects of the army. 

When the enemy is hidden by a curtain of advanced troops, the command- 
ant of the advanced guard sends scouts, under intelligent ofiicers, to the right 
and left, to ascertain his position and movements. If he does not sutjceed in 
this way, he tries to unmask the enemy by demonstrations; threatens to cut 
the advance from the main body; makes false attacks; partial and impetuoiis 
charges in echelon; and if all fail, he makes a real attack to accomplish the 
object. 



MILTTARir RECORD. b59 

Detachments, left by the advance guard to hold points in the rear, rejoin 
it when other troops come up. If the army takes a position, and the ad- 
vanced guard is separated from it by defiles or heights, the communication is 
secured by troops drawn from the main body. 

At proper distance from the enemy, the troops are formed for the attack 
in several lines; if only two can be formed, some battalions in column are 
placed behind the wings of the second line. The lines may be formed by 
troops in column or in order of battle, according to the ground and plan of 
attack. 

The advanced guard may be put in the line or on the wings, or other posi- 
tions, to aid the pursuit or cover the retreat. 

The reserve is formed of the best troops of foot and horse, to complete a 
victory or make good a retreat. It is placed in the rear of the central or 
chief point of attack or defense. 

The cavalry should be distributed in echelon on the wings and at the 
center, on favorable ground. 

It should be instructed not to take the gallop until within charging dis- 
tance; never to receive a charge at a halt, but to meet it, or, if not strong 
enough, to retire maneuvering; and in order to be ready for the pursuit, and 
prepared against a reverse, or the attacks of the reserve, not to engage all its 
squadrons at once, but to reserve one- third, in column or in echelon, abreast 
of or in the rear of one of the wings; this arrangement is better than a second 
line with intervals. 

In the attack, the artillery is employed to silence the batteries that pro- 
tect the position. In the defense, it is better to direct its fire on the advanc- 
ing troops. In either case, as many pieces are united as possible, the fire of 
the artillery being formidable in proportion to concentration. 

In battles and military operations, it is better to assume the offensive, 
and put the enemy on the defensive; but to be safe in doing so requires a 
larger force than the enemy, or better troops, and favorable ground. When 
obliged to act on the defensive, the advantage of position and of making the 
attack may sometimes be secured by forming in rear of the ground on which 
we are to fight, and advancing at the moment of action. In mountain warfare, 
the assailant has always the disadvantage; and even in offensive warfare in 
the open field, it may frequently be very important, when the artillery is well 
posted, and any advantage of ground may be secured, to await the enemy and 
compel him to attack. 

The attack should be made with a superior force on the decisive point of 
the enemy's position, by masking this by false attacks and demonstrations on 
other points, and by concealing the troops intended for it by the ground, or 
by other troops in their front. 

Besides the arrangements which depend on the supposed plan of the 
enemy, the wings must be protected by the ground, or supported by the troops 
in echelon; if the attack of the enemy is repulsed, the offensive must at once 
be taken, to inspire the troops, to disconcert the enemy, and often to decide 
the action. In thus taking the offensive, a close column should be pushed 
rapidly on the wing or flank of the enemy. The divisions of this column form 
in line of battle successively, and each division moves to the front as soon 
as formed, in order, by a I'apid attack in echelon, to prevent the enemy from 
changing front or bringing up his reserves. In all 'arrangements, especially 
in those for attack, it is most important to conceal the design until the moment 
of execution, and then to execute it with the greatest rapidity. The night, 
therefore, is preferred for the movement of troops on the flank or rear of the 
enemy, otherwise it is necessary to mask their march by a grand movement 
in front, or by taking a wide circuit. 



560 UNION COUNTY 

In making an attack, the communications to the rear and for retreat must 
be secured, and the General must give beforehand all necessary orders to 
provide for that event. 

When a success is gained, the light troops should pursue the enemy 
promptly and rapidly. The other troops will restore order in their columns, 
then advance from position to position, always prepared for an attack or to 
support the troops engaged. 

Before the action, the Generals indicate the places where they will be; if 
they chano-e position, they give notice of it, or leave a staff officer to show 
where they have gone. 

During the tight, the ofiicers and non-commissioned officers keep the 
men in the ranks, and enforce obedience if necessary. Soldiers must not be 
permitted to leave the ranks to strip or rob the dead, nor even to assist the 
wounded unless by express permission, which is only to be given after the 
action is decided. The highest interest and most pressing duty is to win the 
victory, by winning which only can a proper care of the wounded be insured. 

Before the action, the Quartermaster of the division makes all the neces- 
sary arrangements for the transportation of the wounded. He establishes the 
ambulance depots in the rear, and gives his assistants the necessary instruc- 
tions for the service of the ambulance wagons and other means of removing 
the wounded. 

The ambulance depot, to which the wounded are carried or directed for 
immediate treatment, is generally established at the most convenient building 
nearest the field of battle. A red flag marks its place, or the way to it, to 
the conductors of the ambulances and to the wounded who can walk. 

The active ambulances follow the troops engaged, to succor the wounded 
and remove them to the depots; for this purpose the conductors should always 
haveithe necessary assistants, that the soldiers may have no excuse to leave 
the ranks for that object. 

The medical director of the division, after consultation with the Quarter- 
master General, distributes the medical officers and hospital attendants at his 
disposal to the depots, and active ambulances. He will send officers and at 
tendants when practicable, to the active ambulances, to relieve the wounded 
who require treatment before being removed from, the ground. He will see 
that the depots and ambulances are provided with the necessary apparatus, 
medicines and stores. He will take post, and render his professional services, 
at the principal depot. 

If the enemy endanger the depot, the Quartermaster takes the orders of 
the General to remove it, or to strengthen its guard. 

The wounded in the depots and the sick are removed, as soon as possible, 
to the hospitals that have been established by the Quartermaster General of 
the army, on the flank or rear of the army. 

After an action, the officers of ordnance collect the munitions of war left 
on the field, and make a return of them to the General. The Quartermaster's 
department collects the rest of the public property captured, and makes the 
returns to headquarters. 

Written reports for the General commanding-in-chief are made by com- 
mandants of regiments, batteries, separate squadrons, and by all commanders 
of a higher grade, each in what concerns his own command, and to his im- 
mediate commander. 

When an officer or soldier deserves mention for conduct in action, a 
special report shall be made in his case, and the General commanding- in-chief 
decides whether to mention him in his report to the Government and in his 
orders. But he shall not be mentioned in the report until he has been men- 
tioned in the orders to the army. These special reports are examined with 



MILITARY RECORD. 561 

care by the intermediate cominanders, to verify the facts, and secure com- 
mendations and rewards to the meritorious only. 

PRISONERS OF WAR. 

Prisoners of war will be disarmed and sent to the rear, and reported as 
soon as practicable to headquarters. The return of prisoners from the head- 
quarters of the army to the War Department will specify the number, rank 
and corps. 

SIEGES. 

In the following regulations, the besieging force is supposed to be two 
divisions of infantry and a brigade of cavalry. The same principles govern 
in other cases. 

The Brigadier Generals of infantry serve, in turn, as Generals of the 
trenches; one or more of them are detailed daily, according to the front and num- 
ber of attacks; they superintend the operations, and dispose the guards of the 
trenches to repulse sorties and protect the works. Officers of the general 
staff are assigned to them to transmit their orders and attend to the details 
of service. 

The commandants of engineers and artillery accompany the first troops be- 
fore the works, to examine the works and approaches. When the engineers have 
completed the reconnoissance of the works, and of each front as far as practicable, 
the commandant of engineers makes a plan of the works, as exact and detailed as 
possible, and, under the instructions of the General commanding the siege, 
draws up the general plan of the siege, and discusses it with the commandant 
of artilleiy in regard to the best employment of that arm. These officers 
then submit their joint or separate opinions to the General, who decides on 
the plan of the siege, and gives the orders for the execution. The command- 
ant of engineers directs the construction of all the works of the siege, uider 
the authority of the General, and lays before him every day a report of his 
operations, and a plan showing the progress of the attack. The commandant 
of artillery also makes daily reports to the General, of all that relates to his 
branch of the service. 

The field officer of the trenches sees that men and litters are always ready, 
to bring off" the wounded. One or more companies of the guards of the 
trenches are put under his immediate orders for the preservation of order and 
police in the trenches. 

The divisions, brigades, regiments and battalions are encamped, during the 
siege, in the order of battle. 

Materials for the siege, such as fascines, gabions, hurdles, pickets, etc., 
are furnished by the different corps, in the proportion ordered by the General. 

Guards and workmen going to the trenches march without beat of drum 
or music. 

The guards always enter the trenches with arms trailed, and the workmen 
also, unless they carry materials or tools, when the arms are in the sling. 

Sand bags, forming loop-holes, are placed at intervals in the parapet, to 
cover the sentinels; they are more numerous than the sentinels, so that the 
enemy may not know where the sentinels are placed. 

When detachments are placed at night in advance of the trenches, to cover 
the workmen, the men sit or lie down, with their firearms in their hands, to 
hide themselves better from the enemy; the sentinels put their ears to the 
ground frequently, that they may hear troops coming out of the place. To 
prevent mistakes, the workmen are told what troops cover them. 

No honors are paid in the trenches. When the General commanding the 
siege visits them, the guards place themselves in rear of the banquette, and 
rest on their arms. The colors are never carried to the trenches, unless the 



562 UNION COUNTY 

whole regiment marches to repulse a sortie or make an assault. Even in this 
case, they are not displayed until the General commanding the siege gives a 
formal order. 

In the case of a sortie, the guards move rapidly to the places that have 
been designated by the General of the trenches, and which afford the best 
defense for the head of the works, the batteries, the communications or the 
flanks, or best enable them to take the sortie itself in flank or reverse. Hav- 
ing lined the banquette to Are on the enemy, the troops form on the reverse 
of the trench to receive him. The workmen take arms, retain their positions, 
or retire with their tools, as ordered. The officers commanding the detach- 
ments of workmen see that their movements are made promptly and in good 
order, so as to avoid all confusion in the communications. 

The troops that advance beyond the trenches, to repulse the sortie, must 
not follow in pursuit. The General takes care that they return to the trenches 
before the retreat of the sortie allows the artillery of the place to open on 
them. When the workmen return, the officers and non-comn^issioned officers 
of the detachments call the I'oll without interrupting the work, which is im- 
mediately resumed. 

The general officers of cavalry are more particularly employed in the serv- 
ice of posts, and detachments placed in observation to protect the siege. 
They and the field officers of this arm are employed in the command of 
escorts to convoys, of whatever arms the escorts ma}' be composed. When 
these duties are not sufficient to employ them, they take their share of the 
duties of the trenches. 

In war, every commander of a fortified place should always hold himself 
prepared with his plan of defense, as if at any time liable to attack. He ar- 
ranges his plan according to the probable mode of attack; determines the 
posts of the troops in the several parts of the works, the reliefs, the reserves 
and the details of service in all the corps. He draws up instructions for a 
case of attack, and exercises the garrison according to his plan of defense. 
In sea-coast works, he provides the instructions for the different batteries on 
the approach of ships. 

On the approach of an enemy, he removes all houses and other objects, 
within or without the place, that cover the approaches, or interrupt the tire of 
the guns or the movements of the troops. He assures himself personally that 
all posterns, outlets, embrasures, etc., are in proper state of seciirity. 

He consults his next in rank, and the senior officer of the engineers and 
of the artillery, either separately or as a council of defense. In the latter case, 
he designates an officer to act as Secretary to the council, and to record their 
proceedings, and their joint or separate opinions, which are to be kept secret 
during the siege. The members may record their opinions under their own 
signature. In all cases, the commander decides on his own responsibility. 

The commander shall defend in succession the advanced works, the 
covered ways and outworks, the body of the work and the interior intrench- 
ments. He will not be content with clearing away the foot of the breaches, 
and defending them by abattis, mines, and all the means used in sieges; but 
he shall begin in good time, behind the bastions or front of attack, the neces- 
sary intrenchments, to resist assaults on the main work. 

When the commander thinks that the end of the defense has come, he 
shall still consult the council of defense on the means that may remain to pro- 
long the siege. But in all cases he alone will decide on the time, manner 
and terms of the surrender. In the capitulation, he shall not seek or accept 
better terms for himself than for the garrison, but shall share their fate, and 
exert his best endeavors for the care of the troops, and especially of the sick 
and wounded. 



PART V. 



TOWNSHIP HISTORIES. 



T 



SHIP HISTORIES. 



CHAPTER I 





^.^WUy^-^(- 



THE TOWN OF MARYSVILLE^Paris Toavnsiiip. 



rr^HE original plat of Maiysville was laid oat in 1819, and the following de- 
1 scription thereof is from the records of Delaware County, which then included 
the site : 

" Plat of the town of Marysville, which is situated on Mill Creek, a branch of 
the West Fork of the Scioto River, in Delaware Count}', Ohio, which was surveyed 
and laid out, agreeable to the above plat, for Samuel Culbertson,* Esq., 
proprietor of said town, as laid out to the cardinal points of the compass. The 
streets and alleys all at right angles ; the lots are five perches in front, or north 
and south, and eight perches back, or east and west ; the lots contain one-fourth 
part of an acre each, except the fractional lots which join the public square are less ; 
the streets are all four perches wide except the two streets running north and 
south, one of which being on the east side of the public square and the other on 
the west side, are thirt3--three feet wide each ; the alleys are all sixteen and one- 
half feet wide each, all of which is fully delineated on the above plat. 

" August 10, A. D. 1819. Charles PvOberts, Surveyor." 

The lots in this plat were numbered from one to ninetj'-six ; the public square 
was in the shape of a diamond. The land included in this plat is a part of Ed- 
ward Dowses Surve}- No. 3351, surveyed for him in 1798, b}' Nathaniel Massie, D. 
S., on certain militar}' warrants held by Dowse. Stephens Thomson Mason, of 
Loudoun County, Va., purchased the warrants and received a patent from the 
United States Grovernment May 7, 1800, for the whole survey, 1087 acres, "situate, 
Ijdng and being between the Little Miami and Scioto Rivers, northwest of the 
River Ohio." March 21, 1801, Mason sold it to Joseph Scott, of Philadelphia, for 
five shillings, and the latter, on the 22d of September in the same year, disposed 
of it to Francis Bailey, of Lancaster County, Penn., for the sum*of $187. Bailey, 
who owned a printing establishment in Philadelphia, on the 15th of March. 1813, 
conveyed the land to Margaret Bailey, "a single woman," for $1. July 
10, 1817, Miss Bailey sold the west one-third part of her purchase to Samuel W. 
Culbertson, also for $1. By this Mr. Culbertson became the owner of 
what a subsequent survey proved to be 450 acres of land. It is thus described 
in the deed to him : " Beginning on the bank of Mill Creek, in Delaware Countj^ 
Ohio, above where the present road passes from Delaware to Urbana, at two 
sugar trees and lyn, the northwest corner Edward Dowse's Surve}' No. 3351 ; 
thence seventy and one-half east 152 poles to a hickory, sugar tree and ash in the 
line of said Dowse's survey, at one-third of the whole distance — 456 poles ; thence 
south ten east 436 poles to a post in the south boundar}- of said Dowse's survey, 
crossing the creek at 180 poles ; thence south eighty west 152 poles with said 
south boundary to a large white oak and three sugar trees southwest corner to 
said Dowse's survej- ; thence north ten west 436 poles along the west boundar}- of 
said Dowse's surve}', crossing the creek to the beginning." 

*Thi8 gentleman's name was Samuel W. Culbertson. 



4 . HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Calbertson lived at Zaiiesville, Ohio. June 28, 1820, his wife, Maiy* Ciilbert- 
sou, granted him a power of attorne}' to conve}' for her the interest she owned in 
any lands in Union County which he wished to sell. July 25, 1822, the following 
power of attorney was granted by Culbertson and wife to Silas Gr. Strong, of 
Marysville : 

" Knoio all men hy these presents, That we, Samuel W. Culbertson, and Nancy, 
his wife, for divers good causes and considerations us thereunto moving, and the 
sum of one dollar to us in hand paid, the receipt of which is hereb}- acknowledged, 
do and by these presents have nominated, constituted and appointed Silas G. 
Strong, of Marvsville, our true and lawful attorne}' in fact, for us and in our names, 
to sell any and ever}' inlot in Marysville, as laid out b}' Samuel W. Culbertson, be- 
ginning with lot number one and taking every odd lot progressiveh" as high as lot 
number ninet3'-six, the even lots having been already disposed of; and lots num- 
bers one, three, forty-five, fifty-one, he is to be restricted to the prices as marked 
on the plat this day furnished him, subscribed by S. W. Culbertson ; the lots to 
be sold for one-fourth in hand and the residue within three years from the date, 
with interest from the sale ; vvhen the sale is made, our attorney to give to the 
purchaser a title bond in our names, to bind us to make a complete legal title to 
the purchaser on the payment of the whole purchase-money to him or us ; he is 
also to make and give leases for small outlots for improvements, until outlots are 
laid out for sale, at which time the leases are to be void on the leasee being paid 
for his improvement. All our attorney's acts done by him agreeable to this power 
are to be done bj' him in our names, which he is to subscribe until this power is 
revoked by us ; and we do hereby- obligate ourselves to ratify and confirm what- 
ever our said attorney may do by virtue of this our authorit}', as witness our hands 
and seals at Marysville this 25th da}- of July, 1822. 

" Samuel W. Culbertson. [seal.] 

" Witnesses present : " Nancy Culbertson. [seal.] 

" David Comer. 
"Neil GtmN." 

Mr. Strong received like documents from other non-resident propert}- holders, 
to sell or lease land for them, and was a man of extensive business for those da3's. 

Marysville having been fixed upon as the seat of justice for the county of 
Union, David Comer was, on the 10th of Jul}', 1820, appointed Director of said 
town, with Thomas McDonald and George Harris as his bondsmen. On the day 
following it was " Ordered bi/ the Court, That David Comer, the Director of the 
town of Marysville, be governed in his proceedings by the following rules, to-wit : 
That he select the grounds and lots ; that he receive deeds for the county ; that 
he sell the lots at public sale, giving first thirty days' notice in the neighboring 
papers ; that he sell for one-tenth in hand and the iDalance in four equal annual 
payments ; that he lay out the land in lots (either in or out lots as the ground 
may best suit); that he make any alterations in laying out the town which Cul- 
bertson and himself may think expedient ; that he take bond, with security, from 
purchasers. After the public sale he may sell at private sale, and clear off the 
ground before the sales and make such other improvements as may be advantage- 
ous to the county." 

April 18, 1821, a plat of Marysville was placed on record in Union County, 
having a total of 144 lots ; this was laid out by Mr. Comer, as Director, the lots 
from 98 to 144, inclusive, having been donated by Mr. Culbertson for the use of 
the county. The space between Center and North streets, extending east the 
width of one lot beyond Water street, was called " Military Square," and has since 
been laid out into lots. It was 43 poles and 4 links east and west, by 28 poles 
north and south, and contained 7 acres 47 poles and 9 links. Culbertson and his 
wife, upon the establishment of the seat of justice at Marysville, deeded to David 
Comer, in trust for the county, all the even-numbered lots in the original plat and 

* The name appears as Mary bii t once ; in all other places it is given as Nancy, which was probably the true name- 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. O 

the 24 acres adjoining on the east, in which were the 48 additional lots and the 
Military Square. This deed, dated December 16, 1820, was made in order that 
the Commissioners might be enabled to erect public buildings at Marysville. The 
Military Square was "laid out into lots June 29, 1825 ; eight outiots had been 
platted for Mr. Culbertson, west of the original town, by Silas Gr. Strong, surveyor, 
November 3, 1823. 

In 1824, David Comer resigned as Director, and on the 27th of September, in 
that year, the court appointed Stephen McLain in his place, and he entered into 
bonds, with David Comer and Richard Gabriel as securities. Comer died in 1825, 
and his last will and testament was admitted to probate on the 27th of June, in 
that year. He had, before his resignation, sold for the county the following lots 
in Marj^sville : 

No. 4, to George Harris, April 20, 1821, price, $8\. 

No. 28, to Matthias Collins, May 21, 1821, price. $75.0625. 

No. 26, to Matthias Collins, June 29, 1821, price, $55. 

No. 58, to Phihp Jarboe, June 29, 1821, price. $96. 

No. 70, to Thomas Collins, December 3, 1822, price, $54. 

No. 38, to T. L. Woods and Stephen McLain, September 27, 1824, price, $1. 

Stephen McLain, while acting in the capacity of Director, sold lots in the 
town as follows : 

Nos. 8, 86, 99, 102, to Thomas Osborn, April 2, 1825, price, $15,125. 

No. 20, to Matthias Collins, November 25, 1824, price, $1. 

No. 16, to Daniel Miller, November 5, 1824, price, $60.0625. 

Nos. 129, 136, 137, 144, to Levi Phelps, May 10, 1825, price, $10. 

No. 76, to Leonard Kirkwood, July 16, 1825, price, $1. 

Nos. 2, 7, 10, 15, in Military Square, to James P. Crawford, September 29, 
1825, price, $100. 

Nos. 12, 30, 42, 80, and 3, 6, 11, 14, on Military Square, to Silas G. Strong, 
September 29, 1825, price, 6100. 

No. 94, to Pierce Lanphere, May 1, 1826, price, $10. 

No. 82, to Leonard Kirkwood, May 29, 1826. price. $5. 

Nos. 113, 120, 121, 128, 103, 106, 62, 116, 117, 124, 125, 60, 72. to David 
Witter, February 18, 1826, price, $100. 

No. 84, to John N. Conkelon, June 30, 1826, price, $10. 

No. 72, to Daniel Miller, November 17, 1826, price, $1. 

Nos. 114, 119, 122, 127, to Daniel Miller, January 2, 1827, price, $25. 

No. 78, to Adam Wolford, November 17, 1826, price, $10. 

No. 90, to Adam AVolford, March 21, 1827, price, $10. 

No. 44, to Hezekiah Bates, May 19, 1827, price, $1. 

Nos. 32, 14, 10, 129, 136, 137, 144, to Levi Phelps, July 26, 1827, price, $100. 

Nos. 34, 97, 98, to John R. McLain, December 17, 1827, price, $37.75. 

No. 22, to Silas G. Strong, June 4, 1828, price, $69. 

No. 143, to Sampson Hubbell, June 20, 1829, price, $4. 

Nos. 100, 101. 108, 109. to William Gregg, June 22, 1829, price, $6. 

Nos. 18, 66, 92, 115, 118, 123, 126, 131, 134, 139, 142, to Thomas Collins, Octo- 
ber 19, 1829, price, $31. 

No. 54, to William Edgar, September 15, 1829, price. $20. 

No. 110, to Robert Miller, June 22, 1829, price, $3. 

No. 64, to John R. McLain, February 24, 1830, price, $35. 

Nos. 56, 68, to Cyprian Lee, May 10, 1828, price, $0. 

Nos. 4, 5, 12 and 13, on Military Square, to Matthias Collins, Mar-ch 30, 
1825, price, $7. 

No. 2. to Levi Phelps, Julv 20, 1829, price, $2. 

No. 48, to Alexander Pollock, October 26, 1830, price, $5. 

Nos. 1, 8, 9 and 16, on Military Square, to Matthias Collins, January 28, 
1831, price, $30. 



6 ■ HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Nos. 135, 138, to William AYells, May 7, 1830, price, $8. 

No. 96, to George Sager. September 15, 1829, price, $10. 

No. 112, to Silas G. Strong, November G, 1828, price, $8. 
No. Ill, to Silas G. Strong, October 10, 1833, price, $10. 

No. 74, to William H. Spear, October 29, 1833, price, S5. 

No. 88, to John R. McLain, February 28, 1834, price, $6. 

No. 6, to Ransom Clark. January 23, 1834, price, $6. 

Nos. 132,133, 140, 141, to Thomas Snodgrass, February 28, 1834, price, $S. 

No. 130, to Flisha Adamson, John R. McLain, Samuel B. Johnson, Directors 
of School District No. 1, March 30, 1835, price, $5. 

Mr. Culbertson sold the following, making deeds of a number of them after 
he had conveyed to his son-in-law, Joshua Mathiot, the entire 450 acres, except 
such lots as had been already sold or contracted for, the transfer occurring April 
10, 1828 : 

No. 33, to John Leeper, May 27, 1826, price, $1. 

No. 45, to James Taylor, May 23, 1826, price, $150. 

Outlot No. 2, to Silas G. Strong, May 27, 1826, price, S50. 

Outlot No. 8, to Levi Phelps, July 15, 1828, price, $50. 

No. 39, to David \\ itter, November 8, 1828, price, $50. 

Outlot No. 1, to Stephen McLain, November 26, 1829, price, $50. 

Outlot No. 4, to Adam Wolford, February 4, 1830, price, $50. 

July 2, 1828, Mathiot granted Silas G. Strong power of attorney* to sell for 
him any lots owned by said iNIathiot in IMarj'sville, or to lease or rent any farm 
lands on the balance of the 450 acres. He stipulated that Lots 1, 5, 7, 11, 12, 13, 
17, 19, 25, 27, 61 and 83 should be sold for not less than $20 each ; Lots 3, 23, 49, 
65, 67, 71, 79, 81, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93 and 95, at not less than $25 each ; Lots 53, 55, 
59, 73 and 75, no less than $40 each ; Lots 21 and 69, no less than $70 each ; Lot 
47, no less than $100; Lot 51, no less than $125; outlots at not less than 
$50 each. Mathiot and his wife, who at the time resided in Licking County, Ohio, 
sold lots as follows, per Strong : 

Nos. 3, 11, to Levi Phelps, January 2, 1830, price, $25. 

Nos. 53, 55, to William Campbell, January 12, 1832, price, $80. 

No. 27, to Samuel B. Johnson, January 12, 1832, price, SIOO. 

Part of No. 51, to Silas G. Strong, September 29, 1832, price, $63. 

Part of No. 51, to Cyprian Lee, June 17, 1833, price, $87. 

Outlot No. 3, to James January, January 12, 1832, price, $50. 

No. 47, to Enos Ward, January 12, 1832, price, $100. 

Undivided one-half No. 45, to Luther M. Davis, March 1, 1834, price, $140. 

Nos 29, 41, to Hezekiah Bates, March 21. 1834, price, $100. 

Outlots Nos. 5, 6, to William Ward, March 26, 1834, price, $100. 

No. 57, to Harvey Ward, March 14, 1835, pi'ice, $150. 

Nos. 69, 77, to Cyprian Lee, March 23, 1837, price, $100. 

No. 91, to Adam Wolford, March 23, 1837, price, $40. 

No. 75, to Ira Wood, March 23, 1837, price, $65. 

No. 15, to Christian Gaul, March 14, 1835. price, $125. 

No. 63, to Calvin Winget, March 23, 1837. price, $100. 

No. 81, to Levi Antrim, ^larch 23, 1837, price. $48. 

Nos. 73, 85, to Alexander I'ollock, December 29, 1838, price, $150. 

Nos. 83, 95, to William Snodgrass, December 29, 1838, price, $100. 

No. 59, to Silas G. Strong, March 23, 1837, price, $72. 

Nos. 5, 17, to Ransom Clark, December 29, 1838, price, $62.50. 

No. 69, to Robson L. Broome, December 14, 1833, price, $100. 

No. 37, to Mains Wason. January 7, 1841, price, $37.50. 

No. 71, to James H. Gill, January 11, 1841, price, $60. 

No. 49, to Henry Kezartee. Jnly'^26, 1843, price, $60. 

*Thi8 power of attorne.v was revoked April y, 1830, but reiiewed the same day. 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 7 

No. 61, to Robsou L. Broome, July 26, 1843, price, $36. 

No. 79, to Robsoii L. Broome, Julj- 26, 1843, price, $60. 

No. 87, to William H. Frank, April, 6, 1848, $75. 

No. 93, to William L. Gibson, April 6, 1848, price, $40. 

Outlot No. 7, to William H. Skinner,* April 15, 1851, price, $124. 

April 12, 1851, Joshua Mathiot's widow sold to John Cassil her dower estate 
in Survey 3,351, described in a deed bearing that date. The administrators sub- 
sequently sold a number of lots in Mathiot's addition. In March, 1849, the Com- 
missioners ordered a re-numbering of the lots in Marysville, in compliance with 
an act of the Legislature passed February 2, 1848, and the Auditor and Recorder 
performed the work, making a few changes from the original numbering. The 
following additions have been made to the town, aside from those already men- 
tioned : 

Western Addition — By Henry Shedd. ten lots, surveved b}- William B. Irwin, 
July 6, 1847. 

Mathiot's Addition— April 16, 1S51, lots added from 172 to 221, inclusive, 
and several outlots, principally south of original town, but extending a little to 
the east thereof 

John Cassil's Addition — Nineteen lots and eight outlots, north of original 
town, November 25, 1854. 

D. D. Welsh's Addition — Eleven lots, January '2, 1855. 

William Welsh's Addition of Outlots — January 3, 1855. 

William E. Lee's Addition — Fourteen lots, January 17, 1855. 

A. L. Skinner's Addition — Five Lots, September 25, 1855. 

Samuel C. Lee's Addition — Thirty-eight lots, south of railroad, on East and 
Military streets, August 16, 1864. 

The Picket Addition — Twelve lots, between Center and North streets and 
west of Cottage street, June 13, 1865, by John Cassil, agent and attorney for G. 
A. and Emily H. Cassil. 

S. W. Dolbear's Addition— Seven lots, April 7, 1866. 

Charles Erb's Addition of Outlots— August 29, 1868. 

Brown & Mowry's Addition — By Thomas Brown and A. S. Mowry, February 
14, 1871, ten lots east of Vine, between Center and North streets. 

William C. Barnett's Addition — Fourteen lots, between Water and Military 
streets, south of railroad, Ma3^ 6, 1873. 

Robinson's Addition — By James W. and William H. Robinson, seventy- 
three lots, including two outlots, in southwest part of town, December 10, 1873. 

Reed's Addition — By Margaret F. Reed and Samuel L. Reed, her husband, 
four lots on Weaver street, Februar}' 20, 1875. 

Southwick's Addition — Weaver and Center streets (east of Weaver and 
south of Center, crossing South street), by E. R. Southwick, May 18, 1876. 

Freshwater's Addition — Between Vine and Water streets, and between Cen- 
ter street and the railroad, b}" William Burns, executor of will of William Fresh- 
water, March 2, 1880. 

Robb's Addition — South of Center street, west of Kenton avenue, bv Will- 
iam H. Robb, March 26, 1881. 

The name " Marysville " was given to the town by Mr. Culbertson when he 
laid it out, in honor of his daughter Mary, who subsequentl}^ became the wife of 
Gen. Joshua Mathiot. The banks of Mill Creek, at Marysville, are 480 feet above 
the waters of the Ohio River at Portsmouth — the mouth of the Scioto. The 
stream is here not large, but furnishes slight power. During the dry season its 
channel is nearly filled with a vegetable growth. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

The first cabin on the site of Marysville is said to have been built by a Qua- 
ker named Jonathan Summers, about 1816. After the town was platted, its first 

* Mr. Skinner purchased from the administrators of J. Mathiot, deceased 



8 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

settlers were Matthias Collins, Samuel Miller and John Leeper. George Snod- 
grass, the oldest living resident of Union County, in a letter dated at Urbana, 
Ohio, December 18, 1882, contributes from his recollection substantially as fol- 
lows : 

"When I came to Marysville to live, in February, 1824, there were but four 
families living on the town plat ; it was literally in the woods. Silas G. Strong 
had just moved in a new log house, just where the house of Judge Woods, de- 
ceased, now stands, opposite the jail, on land he had purchased at $3.50 per acre. 
Daniel Miller, a brother-in-law of David Comer, lived in an old log cabin built 
probably by a squatter. He had four children, was a brick-maker by trade, and 
died here after a few years ; his widow removed from the place. Matthias Collins 
was here when I came. He had one or two children. His wife died at an early 
date. Collins was a carpenter, and built a little one-story house on East Center 
street, just on the east side of the branch. Dr. Henderson owns the site now. 
Collins got married in 1830, perhaps; moved on a farm, lived a few years and 
died. The fourth family was that of Stephen McLain. He was raised in Cham- 
paign County, Ohio, married in the fall of 1823, moved to Mar3-sville, and was 
jailer, living in the jail when I went there in February, 1824. Those were the 
citizens of Marysville then. 

"Between that date and the fall of 1827, two fixmilies located in the place — 
George Minturn and wife, from Champaign County, and Newton Hicks and wife. 
Minturn was a wheelwright by trade, and made little and big spinning wheels. 
People at that time manufactured their own wearing apparel. Newton Hicks was 
a tanner. I built the first two-story frame to live in that was put up in Marj^s- 
ville. I think I am safe in saying that I taught the first school that had any 
scholars, in the corporation or town plat. 

" I recollect David Comer distinctly. He was a man of considerable ability, 
and a gentleman. He was our Ca^jtain ; I have mustered under him. He was 
elected Commissioner of Union County at an early date. He owned a good farm 
three miles west of Milford, and died about the j-ear 1830. Some years after that 
the widow married a fine man by the name of Ralph Cherry. The}^ are both 
gone. As regards Clark Pi-ovin, I can say but little. My recollection is that he 
was appointed Clerk of the Court until one could be elected ; if so, then Silas G. 
Strong was elected. I am not able to state what became of him. 

" Silas G. Sti'ong was an Eastern man. He had a good educat'on, and was 
smart, shrewd, and capable of filling any office in the county or State. He came 
to Marj'sville soon after the organization of the county. He was of the Presby- 
terian order. When I came to live with him he was Clerk of the Courts, County 
and Township Recorder, Justice of the Peace and Postmaster. He was a good 
surveyor, was agent for a good many tracts of land, and his having no familj- ex- 
cept his wife was the reason I went to live with him ; he wanted some one to as- 
sist him in his business. I was to staj- with him three years. When I was not 
engaged for him, he was to educate me in his own house. He was to give me $33 
the first 3'ear, $66 the second, $100 the third, and board me and do m}' washing ; 
I was to furnish my own clothing. I lived with him three years, then got mar- 
ried, rented his house and kept tavern. Strong and his wife boarding with me. 
He always treated me well, never a cross word passing between us. During that 
time, -I taught school nine months in one place, a mile and a half from Marysville, 
at $12.50 per month. 

" Amos A. Williams was then SheriflT of the count3'. He was a carpenter by 
trade, and as the business of his office did not give him constant employment, he 
made me his deputy and left the entire business with me. I was then twenty 
years of age. He was elected for a second term, and I still remained with him, 
making three years altogether, to the satisfaction of all concerned." 

Mr. Snodgrass further says : " My father's name was Robert Snodgrass. He 
came from Pennsylvania and settled near Milford in the year 1800, with five or six 





c^^t^ 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 11 

other families — relatives. At that time tlie country was a wilderness ; Indians 
were very plent}', but frieudlj^ Our family numbered ten persons, of whom four 
were born in the bounds of Union. I was born June 8, 1805."* 

About 1835-40, Silas Gr. Strong changed his religious views and went, with 
his wife, to the Shakers. After one 3-ear he became dissatisfied and returned to 
Mar^'sville. He then embraced the doctrine of the Second Adventists and be- 
came enthusiastic in that belief W. C. Malin relates of him that he had his •• as- 
cension robe " read}' on several occasions, and at one time took a man's cow and 
horse team as balance of payment on a farm. The man came in afterward and 
wanted the cow back, sa3ing that his family was nearly starving. Strong told 
him it made no difference; the people would all be " called up" in a few daj^s 
any way — referring to the predicted " end of the world." After a number of j-ears 
Strong went to Nauvoo, 111., and joined the Mormons, and there died. Some time 
later his wife returned to her friends in the East. 

David Wittert was the third Sheriff of Union County, elected in 1828 and 
re-elected in 1832. He was a native of Penn.sylvania, born in 178G. His father, 
Elijah Witter, removed to Ontario County, N. Y., about the beginning of the 
present centurj'. In that county, near Geneva, David continued to reside until 
he was about twentj'-eight years old. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. and as 
such participated in the battle at Queenstown Heights, in Canada, fought in Octo- 
ber, 1812. He belonged to the force under Col. S. Van Rensselaer, which as- 
saulted and took the enemy's works, but a re-enforcement of the enemy came up 
and retook them. 

In 1814, Mr. Witter moved to Ohio and bought land and settled in Union 
County, on the Darby Plains. Here he improved a large and valuable farm, and was 
greatly prospered while he resided on it. At the public sale of town lots in Ma- 
rysville, in 1820, Mr. Witter bought a large number of lots, among others the lot 
on which the American Hotel building now stands. He erected that structure in 
the summer and fall of 1829. It was one of the best hotel buildings then in this 
section of the State ; there was at that time none superior to it either in Spring- 
field, Delaware or Columbus. Mr. Witter owned some three hundred acres of land 
adjoining Mar3'sville on the east, coming up to what is now known as Weaver 
street, including the Pvichey farm, part of the D. Longbrake farm, and part of Mrs. 
McFadden's farm. The land that he then owned in this vicinity is now of im- 
mense value, but was sold by him l)efore it had appreciated much. 

Mr. Witter was a man of great enterprise and activity, and ver}^ successful in 
business for many years ; but in 1840 he engaged in buying hogs and cattle, and 
sustained heavy losses. He subsequently sold out and paid his debts, and in 1845 
removed to Logan County, III, where he had entered one thousand acres of land in 
1835. He remained on this land until 1857, when he sold out and moved to Pike 
County, III, where he died in June, 1857. Mr. Witter was married three 
times; first to Sally Witter, a distant relative; this was in 1810. She died in 
1838, and he married Mrs. Eliza Moran, in 1839, in Union County, Ohio. In 1857, 
he married a Mrs. Fuller, in Illinois. By his first wife he raised six children, five 
daughters and one son, as follows : 

Clarissa, born in 1812, married to T. L. Campbell ; moved to Texas, raised 
a large family, and died just before the breaking-out of the rebellion. 

Joshua, born in 1815, married in Union County ; moved to Illinois in 1845, 
and from thence to Texas in 1853. He remained there until the opening of the 
rebellion, when he was compelled to leave on account of his undisguised Union 

♦George Snodgrass was married February 7, 1828, and his wife, Hannah, died December 9, 1881. Mr. Snodgrass 
was one ot the chain-carriers for the surveyor who was authorized to lay out the Marion road, also the Newton road. 
In running the entire distance from Marysville to the north part of the county, they saw hut two or three cabins. 
Cue was in the valley of Boke's Creek, just north of Pharisburg, and another on Fulton Creek. The latter was occu- 
pied by Cyprian Lee. Levi Phelps, who surveyed the road, was then a young, unmarried man, and at Mr. Lee's 
house, where the party made its headquarters for several days, he met, in the person of Mr. Lee's sister, the lady who 
subsequently became tiis wife. 

fThe sketch of Mr. Witter is furnished by Judge P. B. Cole. 



12 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

sentiments. His son made his wa}' to the North before his father did, and joined 
the Union forces and served during the balance of the war. 

Anna, the second daughter, married Hosea Ardes, in Illinois, in 1845 ; re- 
moved to Texas about 1853, where she still resides. 

Dolly B. intermarried with P. B. Cole, of Marys ville, where they still reside. 

Mar}' married Horace G. Ballou, who removed from Marysville to Logan 
Count}-, 111., in 1850, where he practiced with success until 1855, when he died. 
His widow died in 18G5. 

ArmudaP. married deorge Downing, in Logan County, III, in 1845. He died 
in 1853, and she afterward married John England, who died in 1869. She is now 
a widow, and resides at Lincoln, III. 

Sarah Ann married Levi Rinker, in Logan County, III. He was a soldier in 
an Illinois regiment, and fell in battle near Atlanta, Gra. She resides near Fort 
Scott, Kan., and is a widow. 

Eliza was the only child b}' his second marriage. She married a man by the 
name of James Iden ; they now reside in Lincoln, 111. 

Mr. Witter had been unfortunate in business just before he left Ohio, but had 
repaired most of his losses before his death and left a good property to his chil- 
dren at his death. 

Adam Wolford, Sr., was raised in Gruernsey County, Ohio, where he was prob- 
ably born. He removed to Mt. Vernon, Knox County, where he was married on 
the 10th of May, 1821. Immediately after his marriage, he came with his wife to 
Union County and settled on a farm near the site of the present fair ground, a 
short distance outside of the corporation as it now exists. His daughter (Maria) 
was born December 18, 1825, and before she was a year old her parents moved 
into the village and located on a lot on the north side of South street, just east of 
the '-town run; " the family took up its residence in a log house on said lot. At 
that date it is likely that log houses were the only kind to be seen within the 
limits of the place. Mr. Wolford was a carpenter by trade, and had most of the 
work in that line to perform for a considerable period; a great portion of the car- 
penter work in the court house recently abandoned was done by him. He after- 
ward moved to the lot in the southwest pai't of town, on which the West School 
building now stands. When said building was erected, the frame house which 
occupied the site, and in which Mr. Wolford lived, was moved to the south side of 
the street and is now occupied by R. L. Partridge and famil}-. Mr. Partridge mar- 
ried Mr. Wolford's daughter (Maria), mentioned above. Mr. Wolford died June 
10, 1863, at the age of sixty-five years. His wife (Katharine Wolford), died Octo- 
ber 17, 1865, aged sixty years. 

Adam Wolford, Jr., brotiier to the wife of Adam Wolford, Sr., settled in 
Marysville with his widowed mother, Charlotte Wolford, about 1828. She after- 
ward married Jacob Slicer, and both are now deceased. Adam Wolford, Jr., was 
only four years of age when his mother came with him and his brother and two 
sisters to Marysville. After a residence of forty-one 3'ears in the town, he removed 
to Missouri in 186!). He now resides near North Lewisburg, Ohio. 

Richard Bancroft was born August 11, 1797, at Wakefield, England; came to 
America when nineteen 3'ears of age; married Mary Graham, Februaiy 14, 1822, 
in Clark County, Ohio, and soon after located at Marysville, where he resided over 
fifty years. He died August 22, 1880, in Iowa, while on a visit with his wife to 
their daughter. Mrs. Bancroft died at Anamosa, Iowa, at the residence of her 
daughter, July 13, 1881, in the seventy-eighth year of her age. 

Thomas Snodgrass died at Marysville on the 21st of April, 1880, aged sev- 
enty-three years. He was a native of the county, and had spent the greater part 
of his life in Marysville. He established the first Methodist Sunday school in the 
place, connected himself with the church in 1828, became a class leader, and led 
the singing until about 1859. He remained a prominent member of the church 
until his death, and was a citizen greatl}' respected and esteemed. He was a man 
of marked character, and will long be remembered by those who knew him. 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 13 

The following sketch of Cypvian Lee, a prominent pioneer of the town and 
county, was furnished by his brother, William Lee, of Mar^'sville: 

'• Several of the older States were represented bj- the pioneer settlers of Union 
County, and Connecticut had a representative in ('yprian Lee, who was born in 
Berlin, Hartford Co., Conn., April 10, 1792. He was the son of John and Mary 
(Hart) Lee, and spent the early years of his life on the farm homestead of his 
father, in Kensington, in the town of Berlin. After he had become of legal age, 
he spent several years with his uncle, John Hart, who had removed from Connect- 
icut to Petersburg, Va. On the failure of the health of his uncle, who then re- 
turned to Connecticut, his business was committed to him to settle up, and through 
this arrangement he became the owner of an undivided half of a tract of about 
2,000 acres of land situated on Fulton Creek, in what is now Claibourne Town- 
ship, Union Co., Ohio. He first visited Ohio about the year 1820, remained for a 
time in Delaware, and there, about 1821, married Elizabeth Cooper, whose parents 
were from Vermont. In 1822, he concluded to settle upon his land in Union 
County, and with this view he obtained an order of partition of the tract referred 
to, and the boundaries of the half belonging to him were established. He then 
sold a small parcel to a man who engaged to locate upon it and assist him for a 
time in the preliminiaries of his own settlement. The first work to be accomplished 
was the opening of a wa}- for about four .miles througli a heavily timbered region, 
to get access with teams and w.agons to the spot where he was to locate his log 
cabin; then the rearing of his cabin and the beginning of the clearing of the land 
for cultivation. 

" Such an enterprise for a young man and a joung wife, who had not been 
inured to life under such conditions, demanded courageous and resolute spirits, 
with willing and strong hands, to endure the hardships and overcome the difficul- 
ties incident to such an undertaking, and of his wife it can be truly said that she 
united the courageous, heroic spirit with the gentle and amiable traits of a true 
woman. He was a man of large frame, of great muscular strength, very supple 
and active, and he had courage and resolution. Addressing himself to the diffi- 
culties of his situation with ambitious earnestness, his exertions resulted in sub- 
jecting him to rheumatic disease, which so interfered with his farming pursuits 
that after two or three years he found it expedient to seek a different location and 
a different occupation ; accordingly, in 1824 or 1825, he removed to Marysville, 
and for a time kept a hotel. At the time of his residence on Fulton Creek, and 
during the earlier years of his re-idence in Marysville, there were some men in 
the vicinity who, while they wei'e physically powerful, were of quarrelsome dispo- 
sitions and fighting habits ; and there were several instances in which men of this 
sort challenged the manhood of Mr. Lee in ways which he could not allow to pass 
without asserting his manhood in a contest, the result of wliich was that in each 
case the assailing parties met their master. These demonstrations of his power 
and prowess becoming known to the near residents, led them to regard him with 
more than common respect ; and, as he was of a very social nature, kind and gen- 
erous hearted, and in his disposition the opposite of a quarrelsome man, he had 
many and warm friends. Besides being of a genial, social nature, he had a cheer- 
ful, Joyous temperament, and entered heartily into the innocent sports of the time 
— engaged in the games of ball with the men or the boys, as also in the hunts 
for game, and made himself an agreeable companion with all who were disposed 
to conduct themselves with moral propriety ; and very naturall}', in such associa- 
tions, he often took the place of leader, or captain, as for a period of several 
years he was the chosen Captaui of the local militia. 

'' Such were some of the incidents of the early years of his life in Union 
County, and such were some of his natural characteristics. He did not remain 
long at hotel keeping, but leaving that, engaged in mercantile business. He en- 
tered into the latter in company with others, having a number of diflferent part- 
ners during the period in which he was engaged in trade, which continued up to 



14 HISTORY OF UNION (BOUNTY. 

the time of bis death, which occurred September 24, 1854. He was elected Treas- 
urer of the count}', and held that otfice from 1845 to 1851 ; was elected Coroner 
in 1851, and served one year, and was once elected Mayor of Marysville, but de- 
clined to serve. He was not ambitious of official distinction, nor was he ever 
actuated by an eager desire to accumulate propert}-. His business yielded him a 
sufficient income for the comfortable support of his family, with something more 
with which to gratify the generous and benevolent impulses of his nature. He 
had no disreputable habits, and his character was not stained by any immoral 
practices. It remains now to speak of him in relation to his religious character, 
and in this respect it may be said that he was a man of religious faith and pre- 
cepts for some years before he made a public profession by connecting himself 
with a Christian Church; but, in 1841, he became a member of the Presbyterian 
Church of Marysville, was elected an Elder in 1843, and the same year became 
the clerk of the church session, and continued to hold these offices until his death, 
a period of twelve years. In 1841, he was elected Depositary of the County Bi- 
ble Society, and in 1842 was elected to tlie Presidency of this society, and was 
continued in this office for twelve years. These facts are significant of the esti- 
mation in which his religious character was held by those with whom he was asso- 
ciated in the church, and in the County Bible Society ; and they show that in 
some good degree he was true to his genealogical lineage. There coursed in his 
veins and pulsated in his heart the blood of Rev. Thomas Hooker, Deacon Ste- 
phen Hart and John Lee, all of whom were of that company of colonists that re- 
moved in 1636 ■■• from Cambridge, Mass., to Hartlord, Conn., and made the first 
settlement there. The John. Lee of that colony, then a youth, subsequently mar- 
ried Marj- Hart, daughter ofDeacon Stephen Hart. At a later period, Samuel 
Hart, a grandson of Stephen Hart, married Mary Hooker, a grand-daughter of 
Rev. Thomas Hooker. Still later, John Lee, of the fifth generation from John 
Lee, the colonist, married Mary Hart,"!! descendant of Deacon Stephen Hart and 
Rev. Tliomas Hooker ; and this John Lee and iMary Hart I^ee were the parents of 
Cyprian Lee. "" 

" Few men were more prominent in the early history of Connecticut in shap- 
ing the religious and civil institutions of the State than Rev. Thomas Hooker ; and 
both the Harts and the Lees, for successive generations, were of devout religious 
proclivities, and stanch supporters of the religious institutions of their State, as 
also earnest advocates of the liberty of conscience and the natural rights of men 
under governmental arrangements, both civil and ecclesiastical. Cyprian Lee 
owed it to his ancestors to belong to the Christian Church, and to stand for the 
distribution of the Bible as he did. His children were : IMary, born October 10, 
1823; Lewis Hart, born January 8, 1826; Samuel Cooper, born August G. 1828. 
These are all living and have families, but none of them are now residents of 
Union County. The young wife, who shared heroically and affectionately with 
him the hardships and privations of pioneer life on Fulton Creek, died before the 
lapse of ten years from the time of their marriage. He subsequently married 
Mary Irwin, of this count}-, who survived him but a few years, but left no ciiil- 
dren." 

Tobias Beightler, from Fairfield County, Ohio, removed to Paris Township, 
Union County, in 1825, wlien twenty-one years of age. He was tiien possessed of 
limited means, but in the subsequent years accumulated enough to make him 
comfortable. According to his recollections as published in the Marysville Trib- 
une in 1880, there were only seven voters in Marysville upon his arrival in the 
town; those were Matthias Collins, Thomas Collins, Eli Lundy, George H. Houser, 
Hezekiah Bates — a blacksmith, who had a shop on the site now occupied by the 
People's Bank; Samuel Osborn, who had a small tannery where the c\ty hall now 
is, and Silas G. Strong. The walls of the old American House, according to the 

*ThiH (late should be Octob'^r, 1635, at which time a colony of sixty persons left Boston, and, after passing acrosi 
Central Massachusetts, settled at Hartford, Wiudsor and Wethersfield, in Connecticut. — P. A. D. 



PA'RIS TOWNSHIP. 15 

memory of Mr. Weightier, were laid by Squire Glaclhill and a man named Sprague. 
George H. Houser was a brother-in-law ol' Mr. Beightler, and in the year tlie lat- 
ter arrived here killed seventy-seven deer, two bears and seven wolves, while Eli 
Lundy killed the same number of deer and two wolves. 

Charles L. Mullen was born in Madison County, Ohio, in 1814. and in 1829 
came with his father to Marysville, where he resided until his death, Febi'uar}- 4, 
1882. It is said that he carried the fii'st brick and mortar used in the construc- 
tion of the old court house. He was twice married — first, in January, 1843, to 
Sarah Bancroft, who died seven 3'ears later, and second, to Elizabeth J. Marfield, 
who survived him; each bore him four children. 

Calvin Winget was born in 1801, and very soon afterward his father, Stephen 
Winget, Sr., removed from Marietta, Oliio, to what is now Darby Township. Union 
County, where he died in March, 1807. The family was originally either from 
Pennsylvania or Virginia. Calvin Winget married Cynthia Irwin, sister of Gren. 
William B. Irwin, who is mentioned elsewhere. He lived for a time at Milford, 
where his son, William M. Winget, now of MarN'sville, was born June 1, 1829; four 
months after that event, he removed with his family to Marysville, where for a 
number of years he was engaged in the cabinet-making business, as were also his 
brothers, Stephen and David. Calvin Winget. on Ms arrival in the town, or soon 
after, occupied a house— part frame and part logs — which stood on the site of the 
present brick dwelling immediately east of the Congregational Church. He sub- 
sequentl}^ owned a house on the west side of Main street, opposite the American 
Hotel. This, together with the dwellings of two men named Hicks and Thornton, 
and a new building erected b}' John Adamson for a store and dwelling and not 
yet occupied by him, were destroyed by an incendiary fire in 1831. Adamson 
had a stock of goods in his store, and thieves had entered and stolen quantities 
thereof, afterward setting fire to the building. Two white men and a colored man 
were arrested the following day for the offense, tried and sentenced to the peniten- 
tiary. The families who had been burned out took rooms in the upper part of the 
hotel which David Witter had built, although it was not_yet quite completed. The 
widow of Stephen Winget, Jr.. from whom this information was derived, does not 
recollect who was then keeping the hotel, which had, in its incomplete state, been 
thrown open to the public, but thinks a man named Rice became its landlord soon 
after. Calvin Winget died in 1840, of milk sickness. In the possession of his 
son. Squire William M. Winget, is the original seal of Union County. It is made 
of brass and has upon its face the State coat-of-arms, the words " Common Pleas 
of the County of Union," and the date 1820. The impression was made by plac- 
ing its face over the instrument to be sealed and striking the back side with a 
hammer, and it bears many a dent from the blows inflicted. Squire Winget is one 
of the prominent citizens of the town and county, and has been honored with nu- 
merous official positions — Justice of the Peace, County Clerk, etc. 

Stephen Winget, Jr., was born in Darby Township, Union Co., Ohio, in April, 
1807, a month after the death of his father. Stephen Winget, Sr. In 1829, he mar- 
ried Matilda Marshall, daughter of Thomas Marshall, and in May, 1830, removed 
with his wife to Marysville and entered into the cabinet-making business. His 
health afterward failed and he moved upon a farm he had purchased on the Milford 
road, but finally returned to Marysville and resumed his former occupation. For 
eight 3'ears he was associated with Jesse Gill in a saw- mill at North Lewisburg, 
Champaign Count}'; both men are now deceased, Mr. Winget's death occurring at 
Marysville, December 19, 1879. Upon his arrival in this town in May, 1830, Mr. 
, Winget moved in with his brother Calvin and lived for a few months in the upper 
part of the house occupied b}' the latter. He afterward occupied for a time a 
small frame building owned by Silas G. Strong, which stood opposite the present 
site of the Presbyterian Church, on the south side of West Center street. Strong 
had kept store in said building, carrying probably a general country' stock. 
Stephen McLaiu was then a prominent citizen of the town, and occupied a central 



16 . HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

location, somewhere near the spot on which the Union Block now stands. The 
surroundings of the village at that da}- were rather dreary and unpleasant; scrubby 
brush, wet land and heavy timber made up the landscape, and about where the 
Presbyterian Church now is, and for a considerable space around, a "cat-tail " and 
willow swamp presented its beauties to the eye of the beholder. There was scared}^ 
an indication that the village in a mud-hole would ever become the prosperous, 
thrifty and beautiful town which is the pride of its citizens to-day. 

in May, 1830, there were but two or three frame houses in the place. Levi 
Phelps lived in one, a man named Powell in anotiier, and Cornelius Sheltraau, a 
wheelwright, in another. Silas Gr. Strong was then keeping hotel on the ground 
lately occupied by Judge Woods, in a two-story log building, part of which was 
weather- boarded. Mrs. Stephen Winget was one of the ladies who attended the 
first Fourth of July celebration in Marysville, in 1828, and remembers it well ; six 
couples of young people were present from Darby Township. Mrs. Winget was 
born near Culpepper Court House, Fauquier Co., Va., and her father, Thomas Mar- 
shall, removed with his family to Logan County, Ohio, when the daughter was five 
years old. In 1814, he changed his place of residence to Darby Township, Union 
County, and died, in the neighborhood of 18-10, while living on Sugar llun. 

Thomas Marshall Winget, oldest son of Stephen and Matilda Winget, was 
born in Marysville in August, 1830, and died at his home in the same town, De- 
cember 27, 1877. He had been a respected citizen all his life. His occupation 
had been that of a carpenter and cabinet-maker. He married Tabitha A., daugh- 
ter of William M. Robinson, who, with three children, survives him. 

" Philander B. Cole,* now the senior member of the bar of Union County, 
was born in Columbus, Ohio, October 10, 1815. He was the only child of James 
Cole and Jerusha, his wife. His father, James Cole, removed to Delaware County, 
where he bought land, about one-half of which was in Delaware and the other 
half in Union Count}', the family residence being in the former. This land was 
cleared and made into a farm, Philander assisting to clear and cultivate the same 
until the death of his mothei', which took place in Maj', 1831. He was then in 
his sixteenth year. His father subsequently married again, at the happening of 
which event the young man carefully considered the situation and made up his 
mind to retire from the old home and seek his own fortune in the world. The 
first move he determined on for himself was to procure an education. To that 
end he immediately commenced attending school in the home district ; this was in 
the fall of 1831, and he continued at the same school, which was taught by three 
different teachers, until December, 1832, when the teacher, a Mr. William Porter, 
frankly admitted that the pupil was as good a scholar as the master, and recom- 
mended him to seek better means of education elsewhere, advising him to go to 
Mar^'sville and attend a school taught by his cousin, William C. Lawrence, which 
course he adopted ; and these are the circumstances which brought Philander B. 
Cole to Marysville. In the latter part of December, 1832, he called on 31r. Law- 
rence, at Marysville, and found him a very courteous and affable gentleman. He 
said he could receive him into the school if he could recite in classes already 
formed, and gave him a letter to Judge Silas G. Strong, recommending his admis- 
sion. Mr. Strong was one of the Directors, and very readily assented to the re- 
quest of Mr. Lawrence. The kind treatment that Mr. Cole received from both 
those gentlemen on that occasion still remains fresh in his mind as a most pleas- 
ant remembrance. So the arrangement was made and he came to Marysville and 
entered the school on the 7th of January, 1833. He was then past seventeen 
3'ears of age. He had been very carefull}' taught the rudiments of education, was 
a good speller and reader, was quite well informed on the rules of pronunciation, 
and had some superficial knowledge of arithmetic, geography and English 
grammar. He had a passion for reading, and perused over and over again the 
few books that had then come in his way; and he remembered their contents, for 

* This sketch of Judge Cole is contrihuted. 



PARIS FOVVNSIIIP. 17 

his memory was one of the most retentive. At the age of seventeen 3-ears, with 
these slender acquirements, he left home and entered in earnest upon the 
career of life. He entered the school of Mr. Lawrence, where he remained 
until the following spring, and the next summer pursued his studies in 
the office of liis preceptor, reciting to him privately. He entered the Baptist 
College, at Granville, Ohio (now Dennison University), at the beginning of 
the spring term in 1834, and remained until the end of the school-3'ear, when, on 
account of ill-health — but moi'e especially on account of lack of funds — he reluc- 
tantly abandoned the idea of obtaining a regular college education. He returned 
to Marysville and commenced the study of law with William C. Lawrence, and 
was admitted to the bar b}- the Court in Banc, at Columbus, Ohio, in December 
1836. 

" He returned to Marysville feeling elated and happ}-, for, notwithstanding he 
had no money or other valuable possessions, and was in debt over $200, 
incurred in prosecuting his studies, j-et he was only twenty-one years old, 
and had succeeded in becoming a member of the bar under the most unfavorable 
conditions, and had secured the respect and confidence of the best men in the 
community where he resided. These were the fruits of his four years' labor, and 
he felt he had made substantial progress in his career. 

"In the fall of 1838, he was elected Prosecuting Attorney of the count}-, be- 
ing the Whig candidate. His competitor was John F. Kinney, since a Judo-e of 
the Supreme Court of Towa. He was re-elected in 1840, without opposition, and 
defeated in 1842 for the same office by Augustus Hall, on account of a division in 
the Whig party. Mr. Hall had sixteen votes majority. Mr. Cole was elected 
again in 1844, over C. W. B. Allison. In 1844, he and W. C. Lawrence started 
at Marysville the Argus newspaper; it supported Mr. Clay for the Presidency. 
They published it for one year. In 1846, Mr. Cole resumed the publication of 
the Argus, and continued to publish it until tlie fall of 1849, when he sold oQt to 
Cornelius S. Hamilton. It was a Whig paper. 

"In the fall of 1850, Mr. Cole was nominated and elected Representative in 
the Legislature fi'om the district composed of Union and Marion Counties. This 
was the last session under the old constitution. In 1851. he was re-elected for 
the county of Union, it being entitled to a Representative alone under the new 
constitution. In his second term, he received the vote of his party for Speaker, 
but it being in the minority, his competitor, James C Johnson, of Medina County, 
was elected. The principal legislation of the sessions of 1850-51 related to the 
interest of railroads; bills authorizing counties, townships and cities to take stock 
consuming much of the time. Mr. Cole supported these bills, which were the 
foundation of the present railroad system in tiae State, against strong party oppo- 
sition, and drew all the laws authorizing Union County to take stock in the roads 
passing through its territory. The first term under the new constitution was oc- 
cupied in changing the laws so as to conform to its provisions, which necessitated 
the amendment of almost every act in the statute books. Mr. Cole took an active 
and leading part in the work of the body, and participated in most of its discus- 
sions. After the close of the Legislature in the spring of 1853, he turned his at- 
tention to personal and professional business, and pushed both for several years 
with marked success. During the Presidential canvass of 18C0, he was an earnest 
advocate of Mr. Lincoln's election, and supported the Government when tlie re- 
bellion broke out, both with purse and as a public speaker and writer, and as 
Chairman of the County Military Committee to raise troops. In 1864, he was a 
Delegate to the National Republican Convention, and supported Mr. Lincoln for 
President and Daniel S. Dickenson for Vice President. The Ohio delegation agreed 
to vote as a unit for the man having a majority of the delegates, and as Mr. John- 
son had a majority of one he received the whole vote of the State. In June, 1864, 
Mr. Cole was a candidate for Congress, receiving the vote of Union County solid 
and considerable support from Marion and Morrow, but Mr. Hubbell, of Delaware, 
succeeded in getting the nomination. 



18 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

"Mr. Cole was elected to the State Senate in 1865, Col. Ramsey, of Kenton, 
being his opponent. He was appointed Chairman of the Standing Committee on 
Privileges and Elections, and a member of the Standing Committees on Claims, 
Federal Relations and the Judiciary; and the Committee of Conference between 
the two Houses on the proposed amendment to the constitution allowing the right 
of suffrage to colored men. He was an active and prominent member of the Sen- 
ate durhig his term. After its close, he continued to practice his profession until 
1871, when he was elected a Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, which position 
he held for the constitutional term of five years. During his incumbenc}' of this 
office, the subdistrict was composed of Union, Logan and Hardin Counties, and, 
the first two years, Shelb3^ 

'• During his long residence in the county, he has been the steadfast friend of 
every enterprise and movement which tended to promote the material and 
educational interests of the people, and his voice and pen have exercised a potent 
influence in placing the county in its present advanced condition. He was a 
member of and President of the School Board in 1860, when the first new school 
building was erected, and he has served as President of the Town Library Associa- 
tion since its organization. The free turnpike S3'stem of the county is much in- 
debted to him for its existence. He has held many important private trusts, all 
of which he has discharged with ability and fidelity. As an advocate and speaker, 
he appears to the best advantage in the argument of ec^uity cases to the court, 
the philosophical discussion of principles enlisting all the powers of his mind and 
arousing his energy and enthusiasm. He is still energetically engaged in prose- 
cuting his private and professional business, takes the same interest in public af- 
fairs as in earlier life, and bids fair to enjo}' many years to come of usefulness and 
activity. 

" Mr. Cole was married to Dolly B. Witter, daughter of David Witter, third 
Sheriff of Union County, on the 30th of July, 1839. They have six living chil- 
dren, all of whom were born in Marysville, and all now past the age of majorit}', 
as follows : 

'■ Ulysses D. Cole, residing in Rushville, Ind. He graduated at Ken3^on 
College, Grambia, Ohio, in June, 1862. He soon after enlisted as a private in the 
Eight3'-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served until discharged bj- 
reason of expiration of term of service. He re-enlisted in the same regiment 
upon its re-organization, and was elected First Lieutenant. In 1864, he was com- 
missioned a Captain in the One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Regiment, Company- 
B, which he recruited, and served until the close of the war. He studied law with 
his father, took a course at the Harvard law school, and was admitted to the bar 
in 1866. He practiced law in partnership with his father one 3'ear, and removed 
to Huntington, Ind., where he followed his profession and owned and edited 
the Huntington Herald for nine years. In 1876, he was elected Joint Representa- 
tive of Huntington and Wabash Counties to the Lower House of the Indiana 
Legislature. In 1880, he removed to Rushville, Ind. He was married in 
1873 to Miss Ella Purvianco, who died in 1876, and again, in 1880, to Miss Siddie 
Mauz3% of Rushville. 

" James B. Cole, residing in Marysville, Ohio. He graduated at West Point 
Military Academy in 1866, and served as Second and First Lieutenant in the 
Fourth United States Cavalry for five 3'ears. He resigned in 1871 and returned 
to Mar3-sville, where he studied and has since practiced law. He was married in 
1872 to Miss Mary McAlister, daughter of R. T. McAlister, of Union County. 

" Cornelia, married to Charles W. Fairbanks,* residing in Indianapolis, Ind. 

* The branch of tho Fiirbanks family residing in Union Connty, Ohio, is dasconded from one of five brothers 
who emigrated from Wales to America at an early period. The first of the family of whom there is anything de- 
finite known is L\ither Fairbanks, Sr., wliose home was Pittsfield, Vt. He was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, 
was captured in tho attack on Quebec, and suffered groat privations during hi-t imprisonment. His son Lnther was 
born Sejjtember 10. 1780, and married Lucy Lewis, of Barnard, Vt., early in ISOO. In 1835, they removed with their 
family to Ware Villape, Mass. In the fall of 1837, they made another move, this time to the Darby Plains, Union 
Co., Ohio, where Mr. Fairbanks engaged in agricultural pursuits until 1842, when the death of Mrs. Fairbanks caused 









.Ai.^j'5. 



-..KTvlfl*^'^-"'"" 




PARIS TOWNSHIP. 21 

She graduated at the Ohio Wesleyaii Female Seminary in 1872, and was married 
to Charles W. Fairbanks in 1874. 

" Edward E. Cole, residing in Marysville, Ohio. He graduated at the Ohio 
Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio, in the class of 1874 ; studied law, and has 
since practiced in Marysville. 

" Jessie F. Cole, residing at Marysville, was educated at Western Female 
Seminary, Oxford. Ohio; andDoUie E. Cole, residing at Marysville, who was edu- 
cated at Monnett Hall, Delaware, Ohio, and the Cincinnati College of Music." 

James Turner, Judge of the Probate Court of Union County, died at Marys- 
ville while holding that otflce, December 26, 1859. He was a native of York 
County, Penn., and came with his father to Ohio about 1816, settling in Clark 
County. The Judge removed to Marysville in 1834, and continued a resident of the 
place until liis death. He was almost constantly in office during his residence in 
Marysville ; was Justice of the Peace many years. County Clerk several 3-ears, the 
first Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas after the adoption of the new State 
Constitution, and at the expiration of his term was chosen Probate Judge, which 
position he held until his death. He was a man greatly esteemed for his excel- 
lent qualities, and stood very high in the community in which he lived. 

Rev. James Ryan, whodied at Marysville, March 14, 1868, aged nearly sev- 
enty-seven years, thus wrote of himself in 1856 : " James Ryan was born July 
27, A. D. 1791 ; joined the M. E. Church August 13, 1813 ; converted August 
26, 1817, and received a greater blessing of love November 7, 1827. Received 
license to exhort in 1826 ; license to preach in September, 1832. Traveled Ran- 
dolph Circuit three-fourths of the conference year, and in 1833-34 traveled all 
the conference year. Moved to Ohio in 1836, and settled in Union County, and 
here I expect to live out my days. * * * " Mr. Ryan acted as a lay minister 
in the M. E. Church after coming to Union County ; was ordained Deacon by 
Bishop R. R. Roberts, at Urbana, August 29, 1849, and Elder at Columbus, by 
E. S. Jones, in September, 1847. " In connection with Rev. Ebenezer Matliers, 
he organized the first Methodist society on Dun's Run, now called Mt. Hermon. 
The first class was composed of thii'teen members. They met first in a private 
house, then the schoolhouse, and about twenty-nine years ago [1839] in the Mt. 
Hermon Church, which they built. Within six months, the old church has been 
evacuated and the society has resolved itself into two churches. The one at Dover 
is now [March, 1868] worshiping in a new house, and the other at Bonnet's is 
preparing to build. The thirteen have increased to 200, and many have gone to 
the Better Land.f " 

James M. Wilkinson died at his home in Ulysses, Butler County, Neb., 
March 25, 1882, aged nearly sevent3--five years. He was born June 21, 1807, at 

him to break up housekeeping and return, in 1843, to Massachusetts, where he remained twelve years, returning to 
Union County in 1855, where he remained until the time of his deatli, residing with his youngest son, Lorreston M. 
Fairbanks, at his residence near Uniouville Center, Union Co., Ohio. The death of Luther Fairbanks occurred Octo- 
ber 21, 1857. His family consisted of five sons and four daughters, the eldest of whom, Lnwis Fairbanks, wai the first 
of the name to settle in'Union County. He emigrated from Barnard, Vt., in 1833, married Lavinia Tucker, and set- 
tled on the Darby Plain's, where he pursued the trade ot clothier and also engaged in farming uutil 1843, then re- 
moved to Madison County, Ohio. He resided here until 1870, dying at the residence of his daughter, Lucy Evving. 
One child survives him, Joel Fairbanks, residing in Madison County, Ohio. Lorreston M. Fairbanks, the youngest 
son of Luther, was born at Barnard, Vt., in 1824, and in 1837 came with his father to Union County, where, saving 
two years' absence (1842-44), he has since resided, prominently connected with the Improvements in his county and 
interested ir. the politics ot his State. January 1, 1846, he married Mary Adelaide Smith, who was born in New York 
state in 1829. Mr. Fairbanks was engaged in carriage manufacturing at Homer, Ohio, for five years after his mar- 
riage, when ill health compelled him to abandon the business and engage in farming on his land near Unionville 
Center, Union Co., Ohio, where his home still is. He is at this time (December, 1882) absent in the West, where he is 
exten'iively engaged in farming, stock-raising and the grain business. The living family of L. M. Fairbanks consists 
of his wife and seven children, fivn sons and two daughters, all of whom are grown with the exception of the young- 
«st son. The eldest son, Charles W. Fairbanks, resides in Indianapolis. lud. He is a graduate of the Ohio Wesleyan 
University at Delaware, Ohio, and of the 1 iw school at Cleveland, Ohio. He Is prominently connected with the rail- 
road business, being General Attorney of the I. B. & W. system, attorney for the bondholders of the Danville <fc Olney 
road, and counsel for many other corporations. He owns a large tract of the richest farming land in Central Illinois. 
The second son, Luther M., has been for several years connected with railroad business, but of late he has been largely 
engaged in speculating in coal and timber lands in Virginia. He also carries on an extensive grain business at Mans- 
field, 111. The third son, William D., is engaged in farming at Blue Ridge, 111. The fourth son, Newton H., is a 
student at the Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio. The elder daughter, Jennie, is a student at Monnett Hall, 
Delaware. The youngest daughter, Nellie M., and youngest son, Henry S., are at home with their parents. 
fObituary in Marysville Tribune. 



22 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Mount Joy, Lancaster County, Penn., and about 1821 removed to Waterloo, 
Seneca County, N. Y., where he married Laura K. Kinney, daughter of Dr. S. F. 
Kinne}^ who was long a resident of Marysville. In October, 1836, Mr. Wilkinson 
came to Marj-sville to reside. He was a carpenter by trade, and his first vvork 
here was to finish the interior of the court house, then being built. He was a 
fine workman. He held the office of Justice of the Peace several years, and was 
in all respects an exemplar}' and honored citizen. In 1857, he removed to Ne- 
braska, in which State he died. While a resident of Butler County, in said State, 
be was elected to the position of Probate Judge. 

Reuben L. Partridge was born September 10, 1823, in Essex County, N. Y., 
among the Adirondack Mountains, and in 1833, came with his father and family 
to Ohio, and settled near Worthington, Franklin Count}'. His father, C^'rus 
Partridge, died in 1836, and the widow removed with her children the same 3'ear 
to Marysville, and made her home with her oldest son (by a former marriage), 
Rowland Lee. He was a wagon-maker, and had resided in Marysville a few years 
before the rest of the family arrived, which was on the 28th of April, 1836. The 
town had then about 100 inhabitants. The Presb3'terians had the only church in 
town, and that had not 3'et been supplied with seats, the congregation using 
benches made of slabs. The Methodists were using the old frame court house, 
on the south side of Center street, and occasional meetings were held by other de- 
nominations in the same building. The present depot grounds were covered with 
timber, which extended northward nearl}' to Center street, and Mr. Partridge 
states that he has shot squirrels out of the trees where the depot grounds now 
are. Mr. Partridge learned the wagon and carriage maker's trade of his half- 
brother, Mr. Lee, and remained with him eight and a half years. He worked one 
year as a journe^'man in that business, and then commenced taking contracts in 
the carpenter and joiner line, which he has followed more or less since. He took 
the contract and built the first self-supporting bridge in the county, in 1855, and 
has built about 125 bridges in Union and adjoining counties since that time, of all 
forms and sizes, of wood and iron, at an average cost of nearl}' $500. He took out 
a patent on high truss bridges in 1872, and the large class of bridges has been built 
principall}' under that patent. Mr. Partridge has constructed seven-eighths of all 
the bridges in Union Count}', as he himself states. His brother, Rowland L ee, re- 
moved from Marysville to Indiana, and died at Columbia City, Whitley County, 
in that State, about 1878-79. 

Rodney Picket, born in New Berne, N. C, in 1800, was the son of a sea cap- 
tain, who was lost at sea. The widow subsequently married again ».nd removed 
to Connecticut, but died a few weeks" later. The boy had no settled home for 
some time, but was finally taken as an apprentice to the tanning and shoe-making 
business, at which he served until he was twenty- one years of age. In 1837, he 
removed to Marysville and engaged in tanning, afterward entering mercantile 
business. He was a man of excellent business capacity, and, had he lived, would 
doubtless have accumulated a large property. His death occurred September 18, 
1852. 

Thomas Turner, a native of IMaryland, removed with his parents to Ohio 
about 1816-18, and settled in Clark County. At the age of twenty-one years, 
while yet a resident of that county, he married Diana McMullin, who died before 
his removal to Union County. He came to Marysville in the spring of 1838, and 
in 1840 was married to Jane Teas. Mr. Turner was a blacksmith by trade, and 
worked at blacksmithing and wagon-making during his residence here. He died 
October 13, 1868 ; his widow is still living in Marysville. Her father, Samuel 
Teas, from Nova Scotia, came to Ohio with his wife and two children, about 
1802, and located in Chillicothe. He afterward took up his residence in Greene 
County, and in 1834 removed to Union County, and settled in Paris Township, 
about half way between Marysville and Milford. He was a carpenter by trade. 
In the spring of 1837, he located in Marysville, where he died in 1843, aged 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 23 

sevent3'-four years ; his wife died in 1847. His daughter, Mrs. Turner, is the only 
survivor of the family', and was born near Xenia, Greene County, Ohio. 

Samuel A. Cherry, from Oswego County, N. Y., came to Union County, Ohio, 
with hi.s wife, in May, 1839, locating at Marj'sville, and opening a tailor shop in a 
small one-stoiy frame building which stood on the south side of East Center street, 
west of the alley, where F. H. & W. Otte now have their tailoring establishment. 
In this Mr. Cherr}' had his shop and his residence, and in it, also, his brotlier, 
Greorge W. Cherr}', who had settled in the place a ^ear or two preA'iously, was 
carr\'ing on the grocery business. The Intter is now a resident of Baltimore, Md. 
W. H. & J. W. Frank were at the same time proprietors of a cabinet shop which 
was located in the old frame court house, on the opposite (east) side of the allc}'. 
S. A. Cherry continued most of the time to work at the tailor's trade until about 
1863-64. He had been somewhat interested in the saw- mill business, and had a 
mill north of where the fair ground now ia. In the fall of 1865, he engaged ex- 
clusively in milling, operating a mill in the north part of the town where Thomp- 
son's saw-mill now is. He sold out to Miller & Snodgrass, who in turn disposed 
of the establishment to Moses Thompson, the present proprietor. In 1874, after 
working with a portable mill in various localities, in company with J. Smith Alex- 
ander, they located on the ground at the foot of Main street, near the x'ailroad, 
where Mr. Cherry's mill now is, and continued together for a time. Mr. Cherr}- 
is now conducting the business alone, employing four or five hands at the mill, 
besides others engaged in hauling timber for him. He works entirely in hard 
lumber, cutting shafts, felloe-strips, cross-bars, etc., but not bending them, and 
ships mostl}' to Columbus ; he fills occasional orders from Dayton, Miamisburg, 
Erie, Penn , New Haven and North Haven, Conn., and other places. He has 
shipped as many as seventj'-five car loads in a year. The mill is run b}- a 
twenty-five horse power steam engine. 

William Steele was a 3'oung man who was raised in the family of Silas Gr. 
Strong, and succeeded the latter as Postmaster at Marysville. He was also 
elected Sheriff of Union Count}', and during his term of office succeeded in break- 
ing up a gang of counterfeiters which included in its membership several of the 
prominent citizens of the town and county. It was thought by some that the 
spurious money was obtained in Cincinnati and placed in circulation by this com- 
bination of sharpers. Mr. Steele finally moved to Hancock County, 111., and was 
placed in office bv the citizens of that countv. He had settled in Marysville 
about 1832-34. 

Dr. S. F. Kinney located at Marysville, with his family, in 1839, when Union 
Count} was thinlv populated. His death occurred May 31, 1872, when he had 
reached the age of eight^'-three years. His wife, Pioxana Kinney, died January 
23, 1874, aged over eighty j'ears. She was born in the State of Rhode Island, 
but removed with her father's family to New York, where she was married to Dr. 
Kinne}'. Both were highly esteemed citizens of the town of their adoption. 

William C. Malin, a native of Urbana, Champaign Co., Ohio, served an ap- 
prenticeship in that place in the business of saddler}- and harness-making, and on 
the 19th of March, 1840, came to Marysville and worked as a journeyman for 
Evans & Jennings, who he thinks owned the only harness shop then in the village. 
He soon after bought out James W. Evans and became a partner with A. C. Jen- 
nings, of the old firm. Evans removed to Kansas. Jennings remained here three 
or four years, finally going to the city of New York and entering into partnership 
with his brother in the sale of manufactured straw goods. He is now a resident of 
Champaign County, Ohio. 3Ir. Malin still resides in Mar3-sville, and since his arri- 
val, over forty years ago, has been engaged in the same line of business, not re- 
linquishing it while serving as Sheriff of the count}- from 1850 to 1854. At the 
date of his settlement in the town, it contained, according to his recollection, two 
mercantile establishments, one cabinet shop, by William H. Frank, two blacksmith 
shops, by William Campbell and Thomas Turner (Alexander Bates also had a 



24 -HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

blacksmith shop in the place, but moved to luditiua a few da3-s after Mr. 
Malin's arrival), two tan-yards — one owned and operated by Rodney Picket, 
just back of where W. E.Baxter's jewelry store now is on West Center street, 
and the other by Ransom Clark, in the northwest part of the village; one 
wagon shop, by Rowland Lee, in the eastern part of town; two physicians, 
Curl and Hosford; two hotels — the "Union Hall" (now American), by 
Chester Farnura, and another by Henry Kezartce, where the Continental now 
stands. The latter was the front part of the present hotel, and had been standing 
several years. It was, possibly, built by Henr}^ Kezartee, now of York Township. 
Samuel Cherry, Leonard Greer (a Grerman,) and Harvey Criswell were working at 
tailoring; the last-named person is now living at Kenton, Hardin Count}'. Mr. 
Hughes, of the former firm of Hare & Hughes, dissolved in December, 1839, was 
still carrying on the hat business, his shop being where the Farmers' Bank now 
stands, at the southwest corner of the public square. Hughes was a ver}' small 
man, and was familiarly known as " Banta." His partner, Mr. Hare, removed to 
West Jefferson, Franklin Co., Ohio, and thither Mr. Hughes subsequently followed 
him. Forman Carel was later engaged in the hat business at Murysville. That 
occupation was profitable in those da3's, as most of the hats worn in the locality 
were manufactured either here or in neighboring shops. In 1840 — the year of the 
Harrison campaign — man}- of the farmers converted coon-skins into head gear. 
When Mr. Malin came, a man named Churchill was either keeping tavern or had 
been engaged in that business, on a lot in the east part of town now occupied by 
James Field. The building was never completed, and rotted down. Mr. Malin's 
first wife was a daughter of Dr. S. F. Kinne}' and a niece of Silas (1. Strong. 

Jacob Slicer, from Pennsylvania, who came to Marysville previous to 1840, 
was the father-in-law of William H. Frank and Adam Wolford, Jr. His home 
was in a log house on the corner southwest of the Congregational Church, near 
the present residence of J. H. Kinkade. He lived many 3'cars in the town, and is 
now deceased. 

Samuel Johnson settled in Marysville some time before 1840, and became a 
prominent citizen. He held the position of Justice of the Peace, owned property 
in town and two farms in the vicinit}-. He is now deceased. 

Jacob Catro, a bachelor, with all the eccentricities ascribed to the class, was 
at one time a resident of Marysville, and boarded with Chester Farnum, proprietor 
of the Union Hall, now the American Hotel. He was a brother-in-law of Levi 
Longbrake. 

W. T. Brophy, a tailor by trade, came from Mt. Vernon, Ohio, and located in 
Mar3^sville about 1841-42. He could find no rooms in which to set up a shop, and 
S. A. Cherry gave him shop room, thereb}- making of him a warm friend. He died 
about 1851-52, and his widow, who was his second wife, is now the second wife of 
Taber Randall, living in Marysville. 

John G. Z Werner, who died at Marysville February 7, 1882, aged sixty-one 
years, had resided in the town over fort}' years, and was an esteemed citizen. 

John Cassil was born in Washington County, Peun., February 19, 1803, and 
when very small removed with his parents to Jefferson County, Ohio, locating 
near Steubenville. There he grew to man's estate, and on the 17th of April, 1825, 
married Drusilla Gladden, with whom he removed to Greene County, Ohio, in 
April, 1832, remaining one year. In April, 1833, he came with his wife and four 
children to Union County, settling on the Darby Plains, probably in Darby Town- 
ship, and remaining in that locality about two years. One child had died in 
Greene County before the family removed to Union. In April, 1842, they settled 
at Marysville. Mr. Cassil ovvned the printing establishment at this place, and was 
for several years engaged in the newspaper publishing business. He was chosen 
to fill numerous offices, among others that of Associate Judge of the Court of 
Common Pleas, from 1839 to 1842. He owned at one time considerable prop- 
erty in Marysville and the surrounding region, and was always greatly interested 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 25 

in matters looking toward public improvements. The " Cassil Block," which was 
cIestro3-ed b}' fire a number of years since, was built by him and stood on the 
northwest side of the public square. It was the first three-story brick building 
erected in the county. Mr. Cassil lost much of his property when the railroad was 
built through Marysville. He was a steadfast supporter of the temperance cause, 
and was for many years a highl}^ respected and honored citizen of the town. He 
died June 15. 1869, near Carthage, Jasper Co.. Mo., while on a visit to his son — 
settling him on a farm in that vicinity. The son died four years later ; the remains 
of both lie in the cemetery at Marysville. The lot on which the new court house 
stands was purchased of Mrs. Cassil, after the decease of her husband. When 
the family took up its abode in Marysville, the village had a population of some- 
thing over 300. The southeast corner of Main and Mathiot streets, where Mrs. 
Cassil now lives, was then in the thick woods : the corner next north of it had 
then a small house erected upon it, and on that lot Judge Cole lived at one time. 
The first two fairs of the agricultural society were held in the old court house 
yard, Mrs. Cassil states, and after that for a time in the timber south of Mathiot 
street. As fairs were something which many of the inhabitants had never before 
seen, they scarcelj' knew how to conduct themselves when in attendance upon 
them, and, deeming the articles on exhibition were for free distribution, helped 
themselves accordingly. One man exhibited a large cheese at one of the fairs, 
and people helped themselves to generous portions thereof Finally, seeing that 
it would all be sliced up and carried away if he left it any longer, the gentleman 
took it to Mr. Cassil's and presented it to him and his family. Mr. Cassil's 
daughter, Mai'tha Emil}-, now residing with her mother at Marysville, was born in 
the village, July 6, 1842, being the first child born to her parents after their set- 
tlement here. 

James Kinkade, a native of the " pan-handle " in West Virginia, settled in 
Marysville about 1841, and on the 3d of June, 1845, married Hannah Cassil, old- 
est daughter of Judge Cassil and wife. He was for many years engaged in the 
mercantile business here, being associated twenty-five years with Philip iSnider. 
By reason of declining health, he removed to a farm, upon which the last four 
years of his life were spent. His death occurred October 31, 1877. His son, J. 
H. Kinkade, is the present Mayor of Maiysville. 

William M. Robinson, known familiarly to almost everybody in the 
town as " Uncle Billy," has been a stanch citizen thereof for many years, and is 
one of the oldest native born residents of the county. He was born on his father's 
old farm in Darby Township, in 1808, and was at the time considerable of a curi- 
osity, from being the only boy in the neighborhood. He married Hannah F. Craw- 
ford, in 1829, rented a farm, and stocked it with twenty-five dairy cows, and made 
antl sold butter and cheese at 5 to 7 cents a pound. Fat hogs were then worth 
from $1 to $1.50 per 100 pounds, and calves, when weaned, from 75 cents to $1 
each. In a few 3-ears, he bought 125 acres of land, in the woods, for which he paid 
$2 an acre; a few years latpr he purchased the f)ld homestead of his father, and 
moved upon it in the spring of 1835. In 1837, he was elected Justice of the 
Peace, in Darby Township ; in 1844, the electors of the count3- made him Sheriff, 
and he removed that 3'ear to Marysville, where he purchased a small property. He 
I'eturned to Darl)y Township in 1849, but was elected Count}- Recorder in 1852, 
sold the old farm, purchased land adjoining Marysville (including that on which 
Robinson's addition has since been laid out), and after his term as Recorder ex- 
pired, engaged in the grocer}^ and pi'ovision business in this place. He figured in 
railroad building speculations, but did not find it a paying occupation. He was 
agent for different fire insurance companies for more than a quarter of a century. 
He raised a family of seven children — four sons and three daughters ; of these 
three sons are engaged in business in Kansas, and the others reside in Marysville. 
During his residence here Mr. Robinson has been Mayor of the town, for a long 
time Justice of the Peace, and has held the chair of President of tlie County Pio- 



26 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

neer Society since its organization. His wife died in June, 1881, after sbai'ing life 
with liira over fift^^-two years. 

James and Samuel Roljinson, from the region bordering on the Susquehanna 
River, in York Count\-, Penn.. visited Tennessee, in the winter of 1799-1800, look- 
ing for land; there they met Lucas SuUivant, who told them that if they would 
come with him to the Territory of Ohio, he would put them in the wa}' of purchas- 
ing some fine land. The^- accepted his invitation, came with him to what is now 
Union County, and purchased of him 600 acres l.ying on the northeast bank of 
Darb}' Creek, in what is now Darby Township. The purchase was made in the 
name of Samuel Robinson, who was the elder of the two. Neither was then married. 
James Kobinson was not entirel}- satisfied with his part of the purchase — the 
north 300 acres, as it had no bottom land; he sold it to his father, James Robin- 
son, Sr., and bought 300 acres adjoining on the noi'th, which included some bot- 
tom land. His father never came West, but gave the property to his other sons, 
Thomas and John, the former moving out in 1805, and the latter in 1810. James 
Rol)inson, after making his purchase, returned, in 1801, to Pennsylvania, married, 
and in 1805, made the journey through from the old home in Pennsylvania to the 
new one in Ohio, with his wife, one cliild, an adopted child, and his brothers Thomas 
and Samuel. The latter stopped at Columbus, where he was subsequently mar- 
ried, and did not settle on his land until 1808; he raised a large family, and died 
on the place. The part}- who came through in 1805 made the journey with a four- 
horse team, having in places to cut their road for a considerable distance. Mrs. 
James Robinson was the onl}- woman in the part}'. Samuel and James had made 
their first trip to the neighborhood on hor.seback. In the spring of 1806, a daugh- 
ter was born in James Robinson's family, and she became the wife of Stephenson 
Curry, and mother of Col. William L. Curry, present County Auditor. Her broth- 
er, William M.Robinson, was born in April, 1808, as before stated. 

Philip Snider, from Lancaster County, Penn., came to Union Count}-, Ohio, with 
his father, Peter Snider, May 1, 1833, the family locating in Darby Township. The 
elder gentleman died in 1864 at St. Louis, Mo., where he was then living. Philip 
Snider removed to Marysville in 1846, engaged in the butchering and meat busi- 
ness, and in the fall of the same vear was elected Sherit!" when he relinquished 
other business to attend to the duties of his oflice. His home has since that time 
been in Marysville. In 1849, he purchased the interest of G. A. Cassil in the dry 
goods lousiness, and took his place as partner with James Kinkade, Jr., this part- 
nership continuing from January, 1849, until August, 1873, when Mr. Snider 
bought his partner's interest and has since conducted the business alone. The 
first location of the store was where IMcCampbell's shoe shop now is, a little north 
of the public square, on the west side of Main street, in the Cassil Block. The old 
firm, Cassil & Kinkade, who had been in iiusiness a year or two, purchased the 
store of James S. Alexander, whose location was near the same site. The latter 
is now a resident of Rushsylvania, Logan Co., Ohio. Mr. Snider, who was about 
fifteen years old when he came to the county, says there was no improvement on 
the London road between his father's form and Marysville, a distance of three 
miles. The village amounted to very little at that date. In 1850. Mr. Snider 
leased from Joshua Mathiot the land south of Mathiot street, then in the woods, 
fenced it in and held it about two years, when the property was sold by 3Iathiot's 
administrators. At this sale. Mr. Snider purchased three lots on South Main 
street, now owned by Mrs. T. M. Winget, at a very low figure. 

The first tavern in Marysville, kept by Matthias Collins, was a log building 
which stood north of the public square, on the west side of Main street, about where 
Philip Snider's store now is. Collins lived afterward about four miles north of 
Marysville, and remained many years in the neighborhood; he finally sold out and 
went West. His I)rothcr-in-law possibly kept the old tavern after Collins went out 
of it. Among the proprietors of the old American Hotel, known by several names 
at different times, were Chester Faruura, Norman Chipman and Bill Welsh. The 
old hotel sign-post stood near the center of the public square. 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 27 

At the time Heniy Kezartee was keeping tlie hotel now known as the Continen- 
tal, a blind man named James Ward, commonly called " Blind Jimmie," kept a 
tavern on the opposite (north) side of the street, and Mr. Snider remembers that he 
was keeping there in 1837, or earlier. His was a log building, weatherboarded, and 
the institution was more of a liquor shop than a hotel. Ward was never known 
to be cheated on silver mouey ; he would feel of the coin and bite it, and determine 
accurately in that wa}- whether it was genuine or counterfeit. 

Stephen McLain, several times mentioned, lived in the one-story frame house 
which is now standing opposite the store of Philip Snider. 

About 1834, before the second court house was built, the trial of a man named 
David Thornton was held in the Presbyterian Church. Thornton had shot and 
killed a man named Wilmoth, and was sent to the penitentiary. He was pardoned 
a few years later on a petition from the citizens. Both men lived in Marysville at 
the time of the murder. 

John B. Coats, Sr., father of Judge John B. Coats, of Marysville, was born 
December 25, 1785, in Guilford, Windham Co., Vt. He spent a few years in North- 
ern and Central New York, and in 1849 came to Ohio with his son. He resided in 
Delaware and Union Counties until his death, which occui'red at Marysville 
March 24, 18G6, when he had passed the age of eight}' years. 

In 1832, three years after the American Hotel was erected, a man who was al- 
ways known as Robson L. Broome came to Marysville and engaged board at said 
hotel. He continued a guest of that house until his death, which took place in the 
early part of 1875. He amassed property to the amount of $50,000 or $60,000, and 
after his death there was much litigation concerning it. Broome was a mysterious 
and eccentric character, and was thought to have lived under different aliases during 
the years previous to his settlement in Mar^'sville. He was over eighty years of age 
when he died, and will be remembered as one of the " characters " of the town. The 
mystery concerning him has not yet been cleared up, although numerous parties 
have endeavored to establish claims to his propert}'. 

Col. Noah Orr, the " Union County Giant," died at Marysville July 1, 1882, 
and his funeral services were conducted b}* the Knights of Pythias, of which order 
he was a member. He was a respected citizen and a genial companion. He had 
a wide acquaintance throughout the country, having traveled with various exhi- 
bitions for fifteen or twenty years. When in good flesh, he weighed 550 pounds, 
was perfectly formed, handsome in features, and as active as a man of 200 pounds 
weight. He was for a time with Barnum's New York Museum, but later with the 
" Lilliputian Company," in which he was employed as a contrast to the midgets. 
As active labor was impossible for him, he earned a good support for himself and 
familv by exhibiting his massive proportions over the land, and was everywhere 
admired. He delighted to relate his experiences in traveling. He was a member, 
also, of the Masonic fraternity and the Improved Order of Red Men. His final 
illness was of about three months' duration, and death ensued only after he had 
been subjected to severe suffering. 

Joseph Newlove died at the residence of his son Garrison, this county, on the 
30th day of December, 1882. Mr. Newlove was born in Wold Newton, England, 
October 18, 1800, came to this country with his parents, Joseph and Ann, settled 
in Clark County, 1821, and was married to Miss Martha Carter by Rev. S. Hinkle 
on the 6th day of December, 1827. They lived happily together for over 
fifty-three years, and had eight children, two of which died in infancy, and Mrs. 
Newlove, Martha, his wife, died December 13, 1880, leaving six children, four sons 
and two daughters, to mourn their loss. The deceased came with his family to 
Union County in 1849 and settled on Boke's Creek, Leesburg Township, and in 
1853 was elected County Auditor and moved with his family to Marysville, where 
he remained a resident until his death. He was seventy-six years two months 
and twenty days old when he died. The deceased was a kind husband, an affec- 
tionate father and an honest, conscientious and honorable man. He was esteemed 



28 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

by all who became acquainted with him as a very clear head, pure in all his 
motives and was trusted with public business. He served as Couutj- Auditor 
eight years, gave full satisfaction to the people of the county, and the records he 
made during his term of office stand as a model for those who ma}' follow him in 
that office, and since he retired from the Auditor's office he had been cashier of a 
bank up to death.* 

A. F. Wilkins, from Ballston, Saratoga Co., N. Y., came, when a young 
man, to Union County, Ohio, with his parents, in 1836 ; the family settled 
in York Township. In 1854, he was elected Count}' Surveyor, and removed to 
Marysville, the better to look after the duties of the office. He was married in 
1844 to Harriet Jane Stuart, also a native of Saratoga County, N. Y. Her father 
had removed to Union County, Ohio, in 1835, and settled in Liberty Township. 
In the fall of 1858, Mr. Wilkins rented the American Hotel and conducted it two 
years ; then for a year he was out of it, and at the end of that time purchased the 
building and carried on the hotel until the winter of 1874-75. He made many 
improvements in the house, and was a popular landlord. He was Justice of the 
Peace for many }ears, and for two years was Deputy County Treasurer and Treas- 
urer, to fill out the unexpired term of D. D. Welsh, deceased. Mr. Wilkins died 
in the winter of 1875-76, and his widow and children are still living in Marys- 
ville. The only daughter is the wife of Col. A. B. Robinson, present Representa- 
tive in the Legislature from Union County. 

Robert Graham, who died at Marysville on the 4th of February, 1882, had 
come to Ohio with his parents about 1815, when only six years of age. His fa- 
ther died when the son was thirteen years old, and the latter removed, with the 
family, to I^nion County, locating in Mill Creek Township, in which he married 
Judith Bell, when he was twenty-one years old. He removed to Marysville about 
1867-68. His wife died in 1869, and in 1870 he married Mary J. Williams, who 
survived him. Mr. Graham was seventy-three years of age at the time of his 
death. 

By the tax duplicate of 1825, prepared by Stephen McLain, Assessor for Union 
County, the following are shown as owners of lots in Marysville, at that time : 
James Bell, Samuel W. Culbertson, Matthias Collins, P. Lanphere, D. AVitter, 
Thomas Collins, David Comer, George Harris, Rollin Harvey, Joseph S. Conklin, 
John N. Conklin, Leonard Kirkwood. Philip Jarbo. John Leeper. Stephen McLain, 
John McLain, David Miller, Hezekiah Bates, Levi Phelps, Daniel Miller, Thomas 
Osborn, Silas G. Strong, Joseph Stewart's heirs, Thomas F. Woods, Amos A. Will- 
iams. 

In 1831, the following names appear : Hezekiah Bates, William Campbell, 
David Comer's heirs, Matthias Collins, Thomas Collins, John N. Conklin (spelled 
Conkelon on the duplicate), Joseph N. Conklin, Newton Hicks, George Harris, 
Samuel B. Johnson, Philip Jarbo, Joseph Kiger, Pierce Lanphere, John Leeper, 
Cyprian Lee, Stephen McLain, John R. McLain, Daniel Miller, Joshua Mathiot, 
Thomas Osborn, Levi Phelps, Alexander Pollock, Silas G. Strong, Joseph Stewart, 
George Snodgrass, Thomas Snodgrass, Enos Wood, David Witter, Amos A. Will- 
iams, Adam Wolford, Ira Wood. 

In 1840, the number was considerably greater, as follows : N. and J. Adam- 
son, Joshua Antrim (not in tlie county), James S. Alexander, William Alexander, 
Jacob Bouser, Hezekiah Bates, R. L. Broome (first appears on duplicate in 1834), 
William Campbell, Ransom Clark, Levi Churchill, Matthias Collins, Dennis Col- 
lins, Elijah Collins, Philander B. Cole, Otway Curry, Dr. Jeremiah Curl, William A. 
Denton (non-resident), James W. Evans, Heman Ferris, William Gregg, Christian 
Gowl, Sidney Gilbert, Joshua Gore (non-resident), James January, Samuel B. 
Johnson, Henry Kezartee, Benjamin F. Kelsey, Cyprian Lee, William C. Lawrence, 
Lee & Wasson, Stephen McLain, John R. IMcLain's heirs, Elizabeth Miller, Joshua 
Mathiot (non-resident), Rodney Picket, William M. Page, Alexander Pollock, Levi 

^From obituary notice in Marysville paper. 








(TlUyl^^A/0 - 




PARIS TOWNSHIP. -31 

Phelps, William Ross, Elisha Reynolds, William Snodgrass, David Spi'ague, Silas Gr. 
Strong, Peyton B. Smith, William Steele, William B. Spears, William Said, James 
Ta3-lor (non-resident), Robert Thornton, Calvin Winget's heirs, Mains Wasson, 
William AV. Woods. Ira Wood's heirs, James Ward, Adam Wolford, David Wells, 
David Witter, Felix G. Wingfield. 

MARYSVILLE IN 1837. 

The '' Ohio Gazetteer," published at Columbus, in 1837, contained the follow 
ing regarding this town : 

" Marysville, a small post town and seat of justice for Union County. It is 
situated on the south bank of Mill Creek, in Pans Township, about sixteen miles 
from Delaware, thirty northwest from Columbus, thirty northerly from London, 
twenty -four northeast from Urbana and twenty southeast of Bellefontaine ; north 
latitude 40° 17', west longitude 0° 24'. It is situated " on the western side 
of the Virginia Military Survey, No. 3351, which was surveyed for Edward 
Dowse and patented to Stephens T. Mason, of Loudoun County, Va., and that 
third part thereof, on which the town is laid out, was subsequentl3^ transferred 
to Samuel W. Culbertson, Esq., of Zanesville, who had the town surveyed. It 
contains a brick court house and a jail, forty-five dwelling houses, one tavern, 
three stores, one practicing physician, two attorneys and about 250 inhabitants." 

From a cop}' of the first newspaper published in Union County — Our Free- 
dom and Union County Advertiser — dated March 22, 1839, several interesting 
items have been taken. The " Maiysville Lyceum" was then in existence, and 
the question for discussion at its meeting Saturday- evening, March 23, 1839, was: 
" Resolved, that the course pursued b}' the Government of the United States to- 
ward the aborigines of this country' has been and is unjust, and in violation of 
their natural and civil rights." 

Henry Kezartee advertised that he would pay the highest price for oats. 
Levi Churchill, Jr., had for sale two inlots in Marysville, with a large two-story 
frame house and a stable. Stephen McLain advertised a " cabinet shop for sale.'' 
in this manner: " The subscriber offers for sale a lot of ground in the town of 
Marysville, situated on Main street, three lots from the public square, with a shop 
suitable for carrying on the cabinet or chair making business. Said shop is fur- 
nished with three good turning lathes and a quantity of tools. Two of said lathes 
are operated upon b}- horse-power. N. B. — There is but one shop in operation in 
this place, so that the situation is a good one." Mr. McLain removed, previous 
to March, 1840, to Urbana, Champaign County, Ohio. W. H. & J. W. Frank 
owned the other cabinet shop, formerly occupied by Calvin Winget. 

The copartnership previously existing between Harvey Criswell and Joshua 
Antrim, tailors, had been dissolved March 4, 1839. W. W. Woods, proprietor of 
the "cheap cash store," sold all sorts of merchandise, including pork and B. B. 
Clark's family medicines. Ward, Snodgrass & Co., at the "new cash store," ad- 
vertised a general stock under date of Februar}' 8, 1839. Their establishment 
was on the northwest corner of the public scjuare, where McCloud's drug store 
now is ; the}- sold out to J. S. Alexander and the latter to Cassil & Kinkade. 
Hall & Kinne}-, and William C. Lawrence, attorneys and counselors at law, occu- 
pied offices in the court house. Joshua Gore was proprietor of a " new cash 
store" on Main street, " in Mr. Pollock's new building," and oflTered to take Man- 
hattan money at par for all kinds of goods. William and A. S. Tharp had dis- 
solved partnership. Union Hall, now the American Hotel, was then kept by 
Chester Farnum, and was a well-known and popular stand. It had been recently 
refitted, and Mr. Farnum advertised that he kept a good table, a good bar and 
good stock, and the bills were moderate. The property' was oflfered for sale 
Mai'ch 26, 1839, by its owner, Peter Igou, of Urbana ; Mr. Farnum was still occu- 
pying it. P. B. Cole, attorney at law, had his oflfice one door north of W. W. 
Woods' store. 



32 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

In the same paper, of date July 17, 1839, David Reed offered a farm of 115 
acres, in Allen Township, for sale. April 25, 1839, Hare & Hughes began work- 
ing at the hat business in Mar3'sville, on the southwest corner of the public 
square, ''directl}' opposite W.W.Woods' store." Samuel A. Cherr}^ announced 
(date of advertisement, June G, 1839) that he had begun the tailoring business in 
a shop immediately opposite the court house. 

In the Union Star, dated December 20, 1839, it is noticed that Dr. M. Wood 
had an office on the southeast side of the public square, one door north of 
Mcllvain & Harriott's. He died some time during that winter. Dr. J. Curl's 
office was on Main street, east of the court house, and Dr. Sewall Hosford, a re- 
form botanical physician, was also a resident of the village. Curl and Hosford 
had both located in Marysville in the fall of 1839. Hare & Hughes and Mcllvain 
& Harriott, two firms of hatters, dissolved partnership, the former in December, 
and the latter in November, 1839. Hughes continued at the business. In March, 
1842, there was not a hatter in the whole county, and the citizens of Marysville 
were anxious to have one locate in their midst. 

J. S. Alexander and L. P. Sturdevant announced in the issue of February 5, 
1841, that they had bought the stock of James L. Ward, opposite the brick hotel, 
and were continuing the business. A. C. Jennings and W. C. Malin were part- 
ners in the saddle and harness making business, at the old stand of Evans & 
Jennings, which firm had dissolved. Jackson G. Sprague, at his shop in the old 
court house, made and kept on hand wheels, reels, chairs, bedsteads, sash, etc. 
He afterward removed to Illinois. Otway Curry, attorney' at law, opened an 
office in the town in 1840. Under date of January 28, 1841, is found the follow- 
ing: 

"Military alarm! All those who have muskets in their possession belonging 
to the Light Infantr}- Company in Marysville are required to deposit them with 
Mnjor James M. Wilkinson forthwith, by order of Major General Bond." ^ 

In Jul}^, 1859, a census of Marysville, taken by Thomas Snodgrass and Smith 
Alexander, showed the place to have a population of 981 — fort}- less than in the 
previous December. In August, 1865, the place contained six dry goods stores, 
one hardware store, nine or ten groceries, a mill, a woolen factor}-, and most of 
the trades and professions. It had gained much in the previous five or six j-ears, 
and at that time began to improve rapidl}'. 

In August, 1877, when excavations were being made for the foundation of 
the new city hall, the workmen unearthed an old tan vat. Its existence there was 
a mystery, until finall}^ George Snodgrass, Sr., remembered that about fifty or fifty- 
one years before, a man named Kirkwood came to the place and put down two or 
three vats with the view of entering into the tanning business here. The over- 
seers of the poor seemed to be afraid the man would become a charge on their hands, 
and warned him to leave the town ; this so incensed him that he soon afterward 
became insane, and his death occurred at a little later period. When the old vats 
■were brought to light after the lapse of half a century, the planks in them were 
as sound as on the day the}- were sunk. An old well was also discovered at the 
same time the vats were found, and it became necessary to turn an arch over it in 
the wall of the city hall foundation. There was also an old cellar, filled up with 
bricks, chips, earth, etc. 

THE MARYSVILLE TOST OFFICE. 

It is not definitely known b}- the oldest citizens of the town when the office 
was established, but it must have been very soon after the place was made the 
county seat, as Silas G. Strong was Postmaster in Februai-y, 1824, and had been 
a short time in office previous to that date. He was doubtless the first incum- 
bent, and continued in the position until 1839 or later. He was succeeded by 
William Steele, who held the office but a short time. George W. Cherry, whose 
name appears January 1, 1841, succeeded Steele, and early in 1847 turned the 
office over to John Cassil, his successor. January- 1, 1851, the nameofW. H. 



TAPJS TOWNSHIP. 38 

Frank appears in the list, and he was succeeded by W. M. Smith on the 1st of 
November, 1853. The next incumbent was W. P. Anderson, who took the office 
in 1861. He was succeeded b}' C. Turner, in or pi-evious to 1864. Early in 
1865, David Edwards was appointed, but in March, 1867, he resigned and Alvin 
Thompson was appointed. Dwight Webb, the present incumbent, succeeded 
Thompson, February 1, 1880. 

The following entries are found in the baclv part of the Union County tax 
duplicate for 1837 : 

"January 4, 1838. — Peyton B. Smith moved into my house on part of Inlot 
No. 51, in Marysville, for which, and the use of Inlot No. 62, in Marysville, 
the said Smith agrees to pay me $4.37^ per month rent, the same to be paid 
monthly. A. Pollock." 

" October 8, 1838. — Mr. William Thorp : — Please to pay Alexander Pollock 
$5.07 and take your pa^^ out of the undivided flour of P. B. Smith. 

" S.AMUEL Bradford." 

In the winter of 1850-51, a steam saw-mill was erected by Joseph Paxton, in 
the northeast part of town. In September, 1876, the present ii'on bridge over Mill 
Creek, north of town, was built. 

Earl}- in January, 1859, A. Ream took charge of the "Union House," now 
known as the Continental. P. S. Ream was the owner. It was afterward known 
as tlie St. Clair House, and in the winter of 1876-77 was raised a story higher 
and a mansard roof put on by its proprietor, William S. Smith. The name was then 
changed to Continental Hotel. Smith rented tlie building to Harry Sheridan, in 
June, 1877, and the latter conducted it until December, 1882, when Mr. Smith 
again assumed charge. 

FIRST CELEBRATION OF THE FOURTH OF JULY IN MARYSVILLE. 

An article in the Marysville Tribune of July 10, 1878, contains the follow- 
ing account of the first celebration of the anniversary of the independence of 
the United States in this place: 

"The lu-st Fourth of July ever celebrated in Marysville was in 1828. The 
surrounding country at that time was a wilderness indeed, and Marysville was 
an insignificant point with apparently no future otlier than an obscure village. 
There were only seven families residing in it, viz.: Silas G. Strong, George 
Snodgrass, Stephen McLain, George Winters, Daniel Miller, Newton Hicks 
and a Widow Kiger — making with their families a population of about twenty. 
It was customary in all Fourth of July celebrations in almost every part of 
the country to get up a big dinner, and all who could raise enough money to 
pay considered it a patriotic duty to partake. Uncle George Snodgrass and 
Aunt Hannah, who were married the February before, got up the dinner for 
this pioneer celebration. The place where it was served was in the woods on 
the next lot west of that on which Judge Woods' residence stands, and on the 
spot where the Judge has his grape arbor. Silas G. Strong owned the lot on 
which Mr Woods' residence is located. He had a log house erected on it, in 
which Uncle George and Aunt Hannah kept hotel. This was the first hotel 
evei\ opened in the village, and Mr. Strong and wife boarded with them. About 
seventy-five persons sat down to the table, each paying seventy-five cents for 
the repast. A Mr. Hubbell had a short time previous carted a few goods to 
this point from Springfield, and the groceries needed for the occasion were 
purchased of him. The dishes to set the table were obtained in Milford Cen- 
ter, there not being enough in this village and surrounding country to furnish 
the table. The cherries, currants and vegetables were purchased of Mr. An- 
son Howard, who resided south of Woodstock, on the farm now owned by his son, 
Pearl Howard. The speakers for the occasion were James Biggs and John H. 
James, the latter still living and a resident of Urbana, Ohio. Toasts were given 



34 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

(but were not drank in 'old rye.' as was not infreqviently the case in that day) and 
responses were made at the table — a custom that has almost entirely died out. 
In the intervals between the reading of the toasts, a cannon was fired, or in 
lieu of a cannon a few rifles answered, and the patriotic crowd would add to 
the fervor by hearty hurrahs. A few are still living who were guests at that 
Fourth of July dinner. 

" In 1824, there were only four families in t,he village; and from 1824 to 
1828, there were only three families added. This was a strangely slow begin- 
ning of the nucleus from which has grown our lively little city. But this may 
be accounted for by the contention that was going on to make Milford the per- 
manent county seat. The village then and for several years afterward did not 
cover over an acre or two of ground at farthest, and lots were offered as low as 
$5 without finding a purchaser. The $5 was as difficult to obtain then as 
$100 are now. Very little that was produced on the few new farms that were 
being opened could be sold for ready cash at any price; but the pioneers, never- 
theless, lived happily, for everything in the way of food and clothing was pro- 
duced by the family, and such a thing as idleness was unknown. The old 
citizens still living, who began life in their wilderness homes fifty years ago in 
this section of country, can very vividly trace the outlines by which a wilder- 
ness is changed into a cultivated and populous country." 

RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES. 

The Methodist EpiscojKil Church. — The organization of this society in 
Marysville occurred probabh^ in 1827. George Snodgrass, in writing of the early 
affairs of the place, says: "We were in the bounds of London Circuit at that 
time. Two preachers were on the circuit, one by the name of Famuel P. Shaw, 
preacher in charge, the other by the name of John C. Havens. They offered 
to form a class or church if we could raise seven members, and we set out to 
raise that number. George Mintm'n and lady, iiiss Hannah Fox (sister of 
Mrs. Minturn, whu afterward became my wife), Newton Hicks and lady, and 
myself, made six members. Silas G. Strong, a Presbyterian, gave us his name, 
making the seven members. We were organized in George Minturn's house, 
perhaps 18x20, and had preaching there until we could build a church. George 
Minturn was the Class Leader." 

Mr. Shaw's home was about six miles east of London, Madison County, 
and he was the pioneer Methodist preacher of this vicinity. His circuit ex- 
tended from near Columbus to about forty miles west, taking in an area so 
large that it required four weeks to make the tour around the circuit. One 
appointment was at Amrine's, one and a half miles northwest of Marysville. 

Beginning with 1841, the following have been ministers of this church and 
the Presiding Elders of the district: 1841 — Zachariah Connell, P. E., James 
Parcels, Joseph W. Smith, pastors of Marysville Circuit; 184-2 — Wesley AVeb- 
ster, pastor; 1843 — William Simmons, P. E. , and John W. Young and Thomas 
Hurd, pastors; 1844 — C. B. Warrington and Ebenezer Chase, pastor.^; 1845 
-46 — Wesley Webster and T. M. Gossard, pastors; 1847 — James L. Grover, 
P. E., and P. F. Holtzinger and M. Coffman, pastors; 1849— J. W. Clark, P. 
E. , and David Sharp and James Gilruth, pastors; 1850 — S. C. Riker, pastor; 
1851— H. Brooks, P. E. ; Ebenezer Chase and Samuel M. Merrill (now Bishop 
Merrill), pastors; 1853 — Uriah Heath, P. E. ; T. D. Martindale and Lovett 
Taft, pastors; 1854 — J. S. Adams and D. Mann, pastors; 1854 — J. C. Haven, 
Supernumerary, connected with this circuit; 1855 — Zachariah Connell, P. E. ; 
H. Wharton, J. T. Miller, pastors; 1857 — J. F. Longman, B. Low, pastors; 
1858 — W. B. Grantham, R. B. Bennett, pastors; 1859 — J. M. Jamieson, P. E.; 
H. H. Ferris, G. G. West, pastors; this ends the work as a circuit, and Maryb- 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 35 

ville has since been a station. In 18(30, it was made a part of the Central 
Ohio Conference, to which it still belongs. 1860-62, Loring C. Webster, pas- 
tor; 1862 — Amos Wilson, pastor one year; 1863 —Thomas H. Wilson P. E.; 
Henry E. Pilcher, pastor two years (is now living six miles from Marvsville, 
on the road to Newton); 1864— Leonard B. Gurley, P. E. ; 1865— N. B. C. Love, 
pastor three years; 1867 — Alexander Harmount, P. E. ; 1868 — H. S. Bradley, 
pastor two years; 1870, James F. Mounts, pastor two yeai's; 1871 — Daniel D. 
Mather, P. E.; 1872— Oliver Kennedy, pastor one year; 1878 —S. H. Alder- 
man, pastor two years; 1875— David Rutledge, P. E.; John Francis Davies, 
pastor three years; 1878 — Parker P. Pope, pastor two years; 1879 — Isaac New- 
ton, P. E. ; now in that position; 1880-83 — A. Harmount, pastor. 

In 1853, a lot formerly occiipied by Felix G. Wingfield with a cooper-shop 
was purchased for church purposes, and a building fitted up. It was burned 
September 25, 1863, being at the time used for a hay press by Woods & Dol- 
bear. It was a frame structure. The present brick church owned by the so- 
ciety was dedicated in 1856, and stands on East Center street. During 1882, 
over $2,000 were expended upon it in repairs upon its interior. The site is 
the one purchased in 1853. A parsonage was built in the summer of 1871, on 
ground now included in the new court house lots. The property was sold to 
the county, and the .present parsonage was purchased by the trustees of the 
church in 1880; it was formerly the i-esidence of J. B. Whelpley, and is lo- 
cated on South East street. The church in December, 1882, had a membership 
of about 240, and the Sunday school had 170 members; Prof. L. B. Demorest, 
Superintendent. It also has a library of about 500 volumes. 

The Presbyterian Church. — The history of this church as here given, from 
its organization to July, 1876, is from an historical sermon delivered by the 
pastor. Rev. William G. March, July 9, 1876. 

Several families located in Marysville during its earlier years who were 
members of or friendly to the Presbyterian Church, and they were occasionally 
visited by missionaries, who preached to them; one of these was Rev. W. J. 
Frazer, who was sent out by the Synod of Cincinnati as missionary in the Mi- 
ami Valley. He lived to an advanced age, and died in a recent year in Illinois, 
Rev. Ebenezer AVashburn, in a letter from Worthington, Ohio, dated Septem. 
ber 23, 1829, to the Secretary of Home Missions, reports as follows concern- 
ing the work in this section. "The region where I have been preaching is now 
wholly occupied, i. e., Mr. Allen, one of your missionaries, is employed in 
Madison and Union Counties. Marion County and the destitute congrega- 
tions in Delaware and Franklin Counties are occupied by the A. H. M. So- 
ciety." Mr. March thus describes the organization of the church at Marys- 
ville: 

"After Mr. Allen had prospected this field, he held a meeting on the 9th of 
September A. D. 1829, in the house of Stephen McLain, in Marysville, for the 
purpose of examining candidates with reference to the organization of a Pres- 
byterian Church in this place. Mr. Allen, President at this meeting. Two 
Elders from the church of Upper Liberty (now Milford Center) were present, 
Samuel Reed, 1st, and William Gabriel, Sr. Thirteen candidates were present, 
who were severally examined without regard to their former church connection. 
Eleven of this number were approved as suitable persons to constitute a church. 
The articles of faith and covenant were proposed to the candidates and no ob- 
jections were made to them. In the evening the candidates met in the court 
house, where Mr. Allen preached from Acts, xx, 28. After the sermon, a pub- 
lic assent was given to the articles of faith, and one received the ordinance of 
baptism; and the following constituted the first members of the Presbyterian 
Church of Marysville: From ether churches — Eri Strong, Stephen McLain, 



86 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Nancy McLain, Silas Gr. Strong, Mana Strong, Mrs. Phebe Adamsou, Mrs. 
Mary Ricliey; on profession of their faith — James Richoy, William Richey, 
Mrs. Sarah l*helps, Mrs. Catharine January. At this same meeting, Eri Strong 
and Stephen McLain were elected, ordained and installed Ruling Elders over 
this infant church." Rev. D. G. Allen continued his labors until April 16, 
1861, receiving thirty-four members into the chiu'ch; he administered the sac- 
rament of the Lord's Supper for the first time November lu, 1S29. Some of 
the entries in Mr. Allen's journal and reports are as follows: 

"September 9, 1829. — In the afternoon, went to Marysville to organize a 
church Two Elders from Upper Liberty congregation aud myself examined 
thirteen candidates for church membership and received eleven. Four of 
these had not made public profession and seven were from other churches. At 
.night, preached a sermon, baptized one adult, organized a church and or- 
dained two Ruling Elders. The meeting was pretty well attended. May the 
Lord bless and own this little vine, as of His own right hand's planting. This 
is the county seat of Union, and it was highly important that a church should 
have an early existence here, as the village is forming its character. The 
Methodists had been operating here for sometime. Their number is yet small." 

"September 29. — Preached in Marysville at night on the subject of tem- 
perance. Pretty good number out. Among them were some intemperate peo- 
ple. May the Lord favor the cause of temperance. One intemperate man 
walked about the house with anger. Several persons here have drawn up reso- 
lutions in favor of temperance, and annexed their signatures to them. I hope 
a temperance society will be formed soon. One store has been commenced 
without any spirits, and one merchant has resolved to purchase no more." 

"February 23, 1830. — At night, attended the meeting of lecture and prayer 
in Marysville. Pretty good number out considering the wet. Villagers are 
poor hands to stand the mud. * * * A. few days ago a whisky drinker in 

M e attempted to raise a log cabin. During the first day he had but five 

hands— of course the work moved on slowly. They raised the walls seven or 
eight feet. The next day a temperance man advised him to le'ive his bottle 
behind and he would have plenty of hands, or the cold water men could put 
up his building directly. Having been assured the thing would be done he 
(swore) he would go without the bottle. The 'men of strength' came forward, 
and effected the work in good time and order. " 

May 16, 1830. Dr. Ira Wood, who had become a member of the church, 
was ordained and installed as Ruling Elder. By a special act of the Ohio 
Legislature in February. 1831, " The first Presbyterian Church of Marysville, 
Ohio," was incorporated; by this act, Dr. Iva Wood, James Richey and Silas 
G. Strong were apj^ointed Trustees to serve until the first Monday in the fol- 
lowing March, when, and annually thereafter, the corporation was required to 
elect three Trustees and one Clerk. At the first election the above named 
persons were chosen Trustees, and Stephen McLain, Clerk. The congrega- 
tion and session frequently met at Mr. McLain's house for business and relig- 
ious purposes. Public services were held at first in the old wooden court 
Louse, and also, for a time, in the subsequent brick court house. February 
16, 1832, a meeting was held at Mr. McLain's house to consider the 
question of building a house of worship for the society. A subscription 
was at that time started, headed as follows, and signed by seventeen per- 
sons, who subscribed a total of $435: "For the purpose of erecting a house 
of public worship in Inlot No. 43, in the town of Marysville, of such form and 
size and on such a plan as to intitle the First Presbyterian Congregation in 
Marysville to a deed for the east half of said lot fi'om Joshua Mathiot, Esq., 
whose bond, with conditions, the Trustees of said congregation now hold, we, 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 37 

the undersigned, agree and bind ourselves to pay to James liichey, Ira Wood, 
and Silas G. Strong, as Trustees of said congregation, or their successors in 
office, the sums set to our names respectively; one-half to be paid on or before 
the first day of September next ensuing the date hereof, and the residue on 
the first day of September, 1833." Mr. Strong was empowered to draft a plan 
for the new building, which was to be of brick, 40x50 feet in dimensions, and 
he was also authorized to make contracts for its construction and see that they 
were carried out. The work went on slowly, and the house was not occupied 
until 1835 or 183G. Mr. Strong invested largely from his own means in the 
building, and owing to the poverty or mismanagement of the charch he was 
not reimbursed; and the building became his property. It subsequently, by 
execution or transfer, passed into the hands of a New York or Philadelphia 
merchant, who was a creditor of Mr. Strong. For a time the building was 
closed to public worship; the church became separated into Old School and 
New School, and, in the spring of 1844, the former obtained an eiglit years'^ 
lease of the Smith Academy building, then in the process of erection. This 
contract was set aside by mutual agreement at the end of six years, and the 
Congregation once more occupied the old building, which had been purchased 
of its Eastern owner for |950 or $975. The annual Congregational Meeting 
in March, 1849, was held in the brick church and the custom was adopted of 
assessing the pews for the purpose of raising money to support the pastor. 
This practice was continued for several years. 

" Upon the walls of many a memory," says Mr. March, "hangs the picture 
of this old brick church. In vivid outline it stands before the mind's eye, 
' grand, gloomy and peculiar.' On a bright Sabbath morning the crowd of wor- 
shipers flock to this temple gate, but there are two flights of stairs on the out- 
side to be ascended as a good exercise of breath and muscles, to reach the 
gates. These entered, and a look to one side will show you the pulpit and 
preacher at the entrance way; and now the momentum of the ascending exer- 
cise brings you to another step that lifts you up one or two feet, and then you 
can find a seat; or, moving forward, you rise higher until at the greatest dis- 
tance from the preacher you will find yourself perched in the highest seat of 
the synagogue, where a good view is obtained of the hapless wights that come 
in later, and before the stare of glittering eyes may stumble over the middle 
step and dash forward to the same elevation. There never was a church build- 
ing better adapted to give variety and spice to the dull monotony of seating a 
congregation. More than once have I seen a titter spread over the placid 
countenance of some roguish boy or girl, as the eyes regaled themselves at the 
discomfiture of a gay lady or swaggering youth that swept up the aisle, but 
suddenly halted and stoutly resisted the tendency to a horizontal posture. 
But the ludicrous was not always present. Many a time and to many a soul 
has this old structure been truly the 'house of God and the very gates of 
Heaven.' 'The Lord is in His holy temple.' Tears of joy, sighs of sorrow, 
the smiles of heavenly satisfaction, the uplifted heart, the songs of praise and 
the glad tidings of salvation have filled these holy walls and made their im- 
press for time and eternity." 

About 1866, a movement was made toward the erection of a new church 
building, and materials for it were gathered on the ground in the fall of 1867. 
The corner-stone was laid July 31, 1868, and the building was dedicated Sun- 
day, March 20, 1870, at which time were present Revs. James Smith, John 
W. Drake and A. E. Thomson, former pastor, and W. G. March, pastor then 
in charge. The sti'ucture is built of brick, is 45x70 feet in dimensions, sur- 
mounted by a tower, and stands near the northwest corner of Center and West 
streets. The dedicatory sermon was delivered by Mr. Thomson, and the 



38 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

prayer by Mr. Drake. The entire cost of the building, includiug fixtures, was 
about $1'2,000. When this church was organized, it was connected with Colum- 
bus Presbytery, but in 1835 it became a part of Marion Presbytery, when the 
latter was constituted, and still retains that connectioa. Mr. Allen, as 
stated, was its first pastor. Succeeding him came Kev. Benjamin Dolbear, 
from the spring of 1831 to that of 1834. During 1834 and 1835, Rev.s. Benjamin 
W. Higby, J. W. Lawton and — — Sampson were here at different times, and in 
1835, Eev. James Peregrin, a native of Wales, entered upon the work. lu 1837, 
he removed to Indiana, where he died in 1862, a member of the Madison Pres- 
bytery. For several years after he left, the church at Marysville was without 
a pastor, although Rev. William D. Smith was here in January. 1838. It is not 
shown that he was ever installed as pastor. He was from Washington Coun- 
ty, Penn., and began his labors in the ministei-ial field in 1831. He was for 
some time engaged in missionary work among the Indians west of Missouri. 
In August, 1841, he became a resident of Springfield, Ohio, and in Septem- 
ber, 1845, he accepted a professorship in Anderson's Collegiate Institute, at 
New Albany, Ind., to which city he I'emoved; his death occurred there Octo- 
ber 2, 1848. In the fall of 1S38, this church had forty-eight members en- 
rolled; twenty had been dismissed since its organization to join other churches, 
and six had died. Kev. James Smith came to Marysville in the fall of 1841, 
and preached here as supply and pastor about ten years, his relation being 
dissolved in the spring of 1851. During a portion of this time, he supplied 
Corinth Church, about six miles north of Marysville, and also conducted an 
academy in the latter place. He was also a native of Washington County, 
Penn., and was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of Washington. Penn., in 
1829. He died at Marysville, June 2, 1874. Ptev, John W. Drake first visited 
the place in October, 1851, commenced preaching regularly on the first Sab- 
bath in 1852, and was ordained and installed October 7, 1852. His pasto- 
ral relation was dissolved April 7, 1858. He died April 19, 1875, at Bluffton, 
Ind. Soon after his departiu'e from Marysville, he was succeeded by Rev. J. 
K. Kost, who became stated supply, a position he filled until January, 1800, 
when he resigned. Rev, Albert E. Thomson was his successor, coming in 
May, 18G0, and beginning his labors as stated supply on the 26th of July fol- 
lowing. He was installed as pastor in September, 1861, his charge including 
the churches at Marysville and Milford. In 1865, he became Suj^erintendent 
of the Marysville schools, and resigned his iMilf ord pastorate. Id Februar}^, 1867, 
he left Marysville and removed to Gallon, Ohio, but went in October, 1874, to 
Rnshville, Ind. , where he became }>astor of the Presbyterian Church and was also 
subsequently chosen superintendent of common schools in Rush County. His 
successor at Marysville was Rev. William G. March, whose labors began here 
in the early par*, of 1868. He continued as pastor thirteen years, and resigned 
in the spring of 1881. The next pastor is the present incumbent, Rev. Will- 
iam A. Ferguson, who came December 18, 1881, and was installed as pastor, May 
1 1 , 1882. The following persons have served as Ruling Elders in this church since 
its organization: Stephen McLain. Eri Strong, ordained at organization ; Dr. Ira 
Wood, ordained May 16, 1830; JohnR. McLain, ordained, and James L. Ward, 
installed, August 1, 1835; William Richey, Jr., Silas Gr. Strong, ordained August 
7, 1836; James H. Gill, installed March 1,1838; Cyprian Lee, ordained, William 
Cratty, installed, January, 1843; Thomas Brown, ordained, Alexander Stirratt, 
installed, April 5, 1850; Cyrus A. Phelps, James W. Robinson, Stephen Win- 
get, ordained November 17, 1855; Alvin Thompson, Leonidas Piper, ordained 
December 31, 1871. Messrs. Brown, Robinson, Thompson and Piper are the 
present Eldei's. The trustees are Robert Robinson, D. F. McKitrick and Sa- 
lem W. Pearse. The memberhip on the 14th of December, 1882, was 187, at 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 41 

which time the Sunday school had a memberhip of about 190. A. H. Beight- 
ler was then Superintendent oE the latter. W. L. Curry, present Superintend- 
ent. The school has a good library. During Mr. Ferguson's pastorate, 
about 11,800 have been expended on the church property in repairs and im- 
provements. 

The Congregational Church.— The following appears in tbe manual of the 
Congregational Church of Marysville, published in 1877: "This church was 
organized thirty -seven years ago as a New School Presbyterian Church, but with 
the iitmost harmony it became a Congregational Church twelve years ago, i. 
e., in 1864. During all its histoiy, it has been active and enterprising. Es- 
pecially have the women of this church been workers for the cause. A spirit 
of harmony has marked the life of the church. Efforts to save perishing sin- 
ners have been frequent. Protracted meetings have often been held with gra- 
cious ingatherings into the fold of Christ. From the very first the Wednes- 
day prayer meeting .has been sustained and well attended. All the pastors 
of this church have labored earnestly to promote the cause of pure and unde- 
filed religion in this community, and are remembered with respect and affec- 
tion. The following is a list of the pastors, in their order, and the length of 
their pastorates: Rev. W. H. Rodgers, three years; Rev. Henry Shields, three 
years; Rev. E. J. Moore, one year; Rev. Henry Bushnell, five years; Rev, J. 
Evarts Weed, two years; Rev. Walter Mitchell, twelve years; Rev. P. G. 
Buchanan, two years; Rev. M. K. Pasco, one year and a half; Rev. W. E. Lin- 
coln, two years and nine months. John Guthrie, John F. Eaton, William 
Lee, E. h! Beardsley, S. A. Cherry, A. Morey, J. H. Shearer, O. M. Scott, F. 
Wood, T. Liggett and J. W. Starr have worthily filled the office of Deacon." 

Rev. W. A. James succeeded Mr. Lincoln as pastor, and remained about 
three years. His successor is Rev. Homer Thrall, the present pastor, who 
came in December, 1879. The officers of the church in December, 1882, were : 
Deacons-- J. H. Shearer, Templeton Liggett, S. A. Cherry, William Lee; Clerk 
— William Lee; Treasurer — Templeton Liggett; Trustees —Samuel W. Dolbear, 
Dr. R. PTAnderson, J. H. Shearer, A. S. Chapman, O. M. Scott. The member- 
ship at the same time was about 135, while the Sunday school, of which 
John A. Brown was Superintendent, was over 100. A good library is possessed 
by the school. Materials for a church building were placed on the ground at 
the northeast corner of West and South streets, in July, 1871, and the build- 
ing was raised that year, the corner- stone being laid on the 31st of August. 
Rev. M. K. Pasco, the pastor, and Rev. W. G, March, pastor of the Presby- 
terian Church, conducted the exercises. The lecture room was dedicated on 
Sunday, August 4, 1872, and the building proper March 14, 1878, being at 
the time nearly completed. The dedicatory sermon was preached by Rev. R. 
G. Hutchins, of Columbus, Ohio. The parsonage, located in the rear of the 
church, was completed in 1881. In 1882, an iron fence was built around the 
lot, and a new bell, weighing 1,000 pounds, was hung in the tower in Decem- 
ber of the same year. The parsonage cost something over $1,500, and was paid 
for from the proceeds of the "Buckeye Cook Book," which was compiled by a 
committee of the ladies of Marysville. The value of the entire property of the 
church is about $12,000, which is nearly the actual cost. 

African Methodist Episcopal Church. — This society was organized in 1879, 
with eleven members, by Rev. Nathaniel Mitchell, of Portsmouth, Ohio, who 
became pastor and so continued until October, 1882. He was sent from here 
to Lebanon, Ohio, and Rev. J. W. Jackson was transferred from that place to 
Marysville, being the present pastor of this church. Ground was purchased 
on North street, of Samuel Amrine, and the present brick house of worship 
owned by the society was erected upon it in 1879-80, being dedicated on the 



42 ' HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

1st of February in the latter year, by Bishop Wyman of Baltimore, Md. 
Sufficient funds were raised at the time to pay an indebtedness of over $300. 
The entire cost of the church property has been about $1,500. The member- 
ship, December 13, 1882, was about thirty. Services are held three times each 
Sunday, and the Sunday school also has a regular session. The latter is in 
a prosperous condition. 

Church of Our Lady of Lourdes {Roman Catholic). — In this parish are in- 
cluded about forty families, whose pastor is Eev. Father A. D. Dexter, the 
incumbent since January 1, 1882. The frame church of this congi-egation, lo- 
cated on Water street, near the railroad station, was built in the summer of 
1866, and dedicated on the 20th of September in that year. It is 30x40 feet 
in dimensions. (A more extended sketch of this church was promised, but 
has failed to make its appearance.) 

German Lidheran Church.— The promised historical account of this 
church has not been forthcoming, and but little can be given concerning it. 
December 20, 1875, the " St. John Evangelical Lutheran Church of Marysville, 
Ohio," was incorporated; officers were elected and the organization completed. 
November 9, 1878; the "'Evangelical Lutheran German Trinity Church" was 
incorporated, with Oldest G. Zwerner, J. Asman, Jacob Hauser, Sebastian Im- 
loff, as Elders, and G. Scheiderer, C. Muhlenbruch and Philip Ruprecht, 
Trustees. These societies have been consolidated, and have erected a fine new 
brick church, of which the corner-stone was laid August 13, 1882. The so- 
ciety previously worshiped in a small brick church on South Main street. 

SCHOOLS. 

In 1876, an article upon the schools of Marysville was prepared by F. 
Wood, Superintendent, and the preparation is here given as written and pub- 
lished in a volume entitled " Historical Sketches, Oliio, Public Schools," in 
the same year: 

" The history of education in Marysville, for the first thirty years after its 
settlement, is not a matter of record. There are people living in this com- 
munity, however, who have been residents from a date as early as the settle- 
ment of the place. 

" The first cabin within the present boundaries of Marysville was built in 
1818, by Jonathan Summers, a Quaker. The town was laid out in 1819, by 
Samuel Culbertson, and made the county seat in 1822. It cannot be ascer- 
tained that any public arrangement was made for schools till about 1825. 
The early settlers, however, appreciating the necessity of education, united in 
sastaining private schools almost from the settlement of the place. Mr. Silas 
G. Strong had an active part in the location of the county seat at Marysville, 
and was an efficient public officer for a series of years. In 1822 or 1823, Mi-s. 
Strong, his wife, taught a school in her own home, of some ten or twelve 
scholars, and was compensated by the parents of her pupils, though it cannot 
be ascertained that there was a fixed rate of tuition. Mr. Christopher Stiner, 
now living near Marysville, was one of her pupils. Mrs. Strong's was the 
first school in the place. She taught only the elementaiy branches, using a 
variety of books, such as were in possession of the families from which her 
scholars came. It is supposed that az this time there were some twelve or fif- 
teen families within two miles of Marysville. The fh'st com-t house was built 
in 1822, and in it most of the schools were held until 1831. Occasionally pri- 
vate schools were taught in dwelling houses happening to be unoccupied at 
the time. Mrs. Strong, it is confidently affirmed, taught one or more terms in 
the coiu:t house after it was built. It is thought that Mr. Peyton B. Smith 
was the first male teacher, aud that he taught in 1825. Mr. Clement Twiford 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 43 

taught his first school in Maiysville in 1826, and continued to teach, at difier- 
ent times, for five or six years. Mi*. George Snodgrass, n.DW living in Marys- 
ville, taught a school in 1828 in a log cabin in the east part of town. In the 
vsrinter of 1830-31, Mr. Taber Randall, now a resident of the town, and for 
several terms Clerk of the Court, taught in the court house, receiving $14 per 
month, and paying 87^^ cents per week for full board at the hotel. Thft same 
building (the American) is still used for a public house, and the present Su- 
perintendent of the school paid $5.50 per week for board there in 1808. In 
the winter of 1831-32, Mr. Robert Andrew taught, commencing the school in 
the court house in Septembei\ and in October going into the new frame school 
house in the southeast part of the village, then just completed, being the 
first building erected in the place lor school purposes. Hon. William C. 
Lawrence, lor a number of years, until his death in 1840, a prominent law- 
yer in the county, assisted by his brother John, taught during the winter of 
1832-33, having, it is thought, some seventy-five scholars, and receiving in 
compensation $100 for a term of three months. 

" In the winter of 1834-35, the number of scholars had so increased that 
it was decided to employ two teachers. Mr B. F. Kelsey taught in the 
schoolhouse, and Miss Marietta Kimball in a log cabin in the west part of 
town. After this time, it was usual to employ two teachers one of the t^^rms 
in the year. Among the teachers wera Rev. James H. Gill, Heman Ferris, 
John F. Kinney (now Judge Kinney, of Nebraska), Miss Eliza Ewing, Miss 
Martha Jane Thompson (now Mrs. Judge Woods, late of Marysville, but at 
present living at Minneapolis, Minn.), Miss Clarinda Westbrook, before 1840. 
Miss Mary Irwin and Miss Susan Pollock also taught at an early day. In the 
winter of 1838-39, there were three public schools — Mr. Kelsey in the school - 
house, Miss Thompson in the basement of the Presbyterian Church, Miss 
Westbrook in the basement of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In the win- 
ter of 1839-40, Mr. Charles Sanders taught in the basement of the Presbyte- 
rian Church, his school numbering nearly 100 scholars. He introduced the 
spelling book already published by himself, and afterward published a series 
of readers which had a wide circulation. In the winter of 1842-43, three men 
were employed to teach the schools, now embracing 20i) or more pupils — 
Messrs. B. F. Kelsey, Levi Lyons and James Henderson. From 1840, and 
perhaps sooner, there began to be felt a need of better facilities for obtaining 
an education than the common schools afi"orded. In the summer of 1843, 
Miss Caroline S. Humphrey opened the first high school taught in Marysville. 
In two or three instances a class in some of the higher branches had been 
formed in the public schools, but Miss Humphrey's was the first in which the 
principal object was to teach those branches. Rev. James Smith, pastor of 
the Presbyterian Church, instnicted individuals, in his own study, in the lan- 
guages and other branches, preparatory for college. In 1844, receiving some 
assistance from individuals, Mr. Smith erected a building for academic pur- 
poses. A school of a higher grade than had ever been taught in the county 
was opened in it, in the autumn of 1844, in charge of Mr. James A. Stirratt. 
Hon. James W. Robinson, of this place, and Rev. Mr. Perkins, who recently 
died at Delaware, went through the preparatory studies, and a year and a half 
of college stvidies, under Mr. Smith's instruction and that of Mr. Stirratt, in 
the academy, and entered Jefferson College, at Cannonsburg, Penn., in the 
spring of 1846. 

"A good school, having the confidence and support of the community, was 
sustained in the academy most of the time from 1844 till the autumn of 1802. 
Mr. Smith taught himself much of the time, and all the time held the control 
of the school. James A. Stirratt taught the first school in the building. 



44 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Abraham W. Wood, assisted by Miss Herbert, the last. The following per- 
sons, besides Mr. Smith and those iust named, tauorht in the building though 
the order in which they came cannot be given, nor is it certain that the list is 
complete: William H. Horner, James W. Robinson, Chester H. Perkins, M. 
Thompson, J. Slocum, Miss Buss, Miss Ward, Miss Jennie Coe and Miss Mary 
Coe. No individual has been ideutilied with the interests of education in 
this community longer than Mr. Smith, or done more to elevate its standard. 
At the adoption of the present school law, in 1849, he was put upon the board 
of examiners, and retained there until nearly the time of his death. 

" The number of scholars in town had so increased that, to answer an im- 
perative necessity, in 18-47, two brick schoolhoiises were erected in opposite 
parts of the town, each of two rooms. For fifteen years these, with the acad- 
emy, afforded the school accommodations for the youth of Marysville. Two or 
three or four teachers in the public schools were employed, as financial and 
other controlling circumstances seemed to decide. Up to 1849, thirty years 
fi'om the settlement of the town, there seems to have been about the general 
average facilities, appreciation and improvement of educational advantages. 
The *■ law for the better regulation of public schools in cities, towns, etc. ,' passed 
by the Ohio Legislature in February, 1849, became a new and active stimu- 
lus in the minds of the community. They proceeded promptly to organize 
and work under the new system. The complete organization, which seems, 
from the records, to have been very harmonious, was as follows: Directors — 
Otway Curry, President; P. B. Cole, Secretary; Jacob Bouser, Treasurer; W. 
W. Woods, J. W. Cherry and Hemy Shedd. Examiners — James Smith, Charles 
W. B. Allison,* and Cornelius S. Hamilton. Under date of December 14, 
1849, is the following entry: 

Whereupon, the Ijoard agree to employ the following teachers for twelve weeks each, 
five clays to the week, coinmencing Deceml)er 17, 1849, on the following terms, to wit : 

Cornelius S. Hamilton, per term $66 UO 

Jackson C. Doughty, per term 06 00 

Miss Laura Johnson, per term 36 00 

Mrs. William E. Lee, per term 36 00 

Which terms and conditions we respectively agree to ; and we further agree to discharge 
our duties as such teachers respectively, according to the best of our ability. 

C. S. Hamilton, 
J. C. Doughty, 
A. M. Lee, 
Almira L. Johnson. 

December 17, 1849. 

On motion. Mr. Curry was appointed a committee to ascertain and report, to the 
next meeting of the board, a series of books to be used in this district. On motion. 

Resolved, That Messrs. Dough t}^ and Hamilton furnish their school rooms with 
blackboards, and charge the same to the board ; and that Mr. Bouser furnish a blackboard 
for Miss Johnson's room, at the cost of the district. 

January 14, 1850. 

Board met, pursuant to a call of the President. Present, all the members. On 
motion, the following books were adopted for the use of the common schools in the town 
of Marysville, to wit : 

Wickham's Lessons, twenty-four large cards ; Sanders' Primer ; Holbrook's Primary 
Drawing Book ; McGuffey's Readers ; Thompson's Fii'st Lessons in Arithmetic ; Primary 
School Song Book ; Webster's Elementarj' Spelling Book ; Mitchell's Primary Geography ; 
Colburn's Mental Arithmetic ; Ray's Arithmetic, Part III ; Mitchell's Intermediate Geog- 
raphy ; Wells' Elementary Grammar ; Winchester's Series of Writing Books ; Mason's 
Juvenile Task. Resolved, That the board hold stated meetings every two weeks, begin- 
ning January 25. Adjourned until January 25, 1850. 

P. B. Cole, Secretary. 
' ' The Board of Education made their first annual report to a meeting of 
the voters of School District No. 1, Paris Township, Union County, held at 
the court house November 30, 1850. An abstract of the report is as follows : 

♦This name is given Allen in Prof. Wood's article. 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 45 

Schools taught thirty-six weeks, or three quarters. First quarter, 
four schools, two male and two femalej teachers, average daily 

attendance . • . 146 

Second quarter, three schools, three female teachers, average daily 

attendance 105 

Third quarter, three schools, three female teachers, average daily 

attendance 70 

Scholars in the district 370 

Resources for school purposes the last year : 

Collected on duplicate for schoolhouse purposes $ 99 05 

Collected on duplicate for tuition 113 28 

State School Fund received 98 89 

Tax levied by County Commissioners 107 84 

Tax levied by the Board 269 00 

Total .....$683 06 

"A legally called public meeting of the citizens of District No. 1, Paris 
Township, was held March 4, 1851, to consider the adoption of the Union 
School system; but it was not carried. The second annual report of the board, 
in December, 1851, gives the number of scholars, 310; money received for 
school purposes, 1430.40. In November, 1852, the scholars were graded by 
examination, according to advancement, and a set of rules for the government 
of the schools, drafted by Messrs. Hamilton and Curry, were unaminously 
adopted by the board. They were ten in number, and to the purpose. In 
1852-53, several public meetings, harmonious, so far as the records show, wore 
held to consider the matter of a new schoolhouse; and a resolution was carried 
to purchase certain designated lots and raise the money to pay for them, but 
for some reason, not recorded, it was not done. It appears that the schools 
went on with no great variation until 1860. Some of the years, the more ad- 
vanced scholars, by examinations, were put in charge of one teacher, and des- 
ignated 'the high school.' In 1858, the subject of a new schoolhouse and the 
Union School system was again agitated, and, after due consideration, carried. 
Under date of December 24, 1858, is the following: 

" ^Resolved, by the legal voters of School District No. 1, Paris Township, 
Union County, Ohio, in general meeting assembled. That it is expedient and 
necessary to erect a new schoolhouse for said district; and that $10,000 raised 
for that purpose, $2,000 in the year 1859, and $2,000 in each of the four suc- 
ceeding years.' 

"A site, about two and one-half acres, was purchased of Adam Wolford, 
and, after the usual preliminaries, on the 10th of January, 1861, of twelve 
proposals to build the house, that of H. Rice and J. Fleck, of Marys- 
ville, was accepted, for $7,754, and $340 for extra stone work. After visiting 
houses reputed to be the best, inspecting and carefully considering the various 
plans, at the suggestion of the State School Commissioner, the Board adopted 
what has proved to be a good one. The house is a substantial brick edifice, 
60x80 feet, two stories, with a well-proportioned steeple, in which is a fine-toned 
bell of about 500 pounds weight. Besides halls, closets, etc. , there are four school 
rooms on the lower floor and three on the upper, all aftbrding comfortable ac- 
commodations for about 300 scholars. After considerable delay, the house was 
completed, and opened in October, 1862, just thirty-one years after the first 
schoolhouse in Marysville was built and occupied. Mr. A. W. Wood, who had 
been teaching iu the academy about a year and a half, was put in charge as 
Superintendent at $50 per month and the tuition which he received from 
scholars attending the school who were not residents of the district. The 
academy was given up at this time, so there was no school iu the county except 
the public schools. 

" The Board of Education, at the organization of the Union School were ; 
P. B. Cole, C. S. Hamilton, J. Cassil, D. D. Welsh. W. H. Robb, and J. H. 



46 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Ryan. The Board of Teachers: A. W. Wood, Superintendent and Principal 
of Highest Department; Miss Mollie Johnson, First Assistant Highest De- 
partment; Miss Mattie A. Robinson, Second Assistant Highest Department; 
Miss Jennie Coe, teacher in Intermediate Department; Miss Louise M. South- 
wick, teacher in Second Primary Department; Miss Sarah Jane Barbour, 
teacher in First Primary Department. The female teachers each received $'20 
per month. The enumeration of scholars in October, 18G2, was 343. The 
school opened with about 200, who were divided into four departments. An 
excellent, set of rules and regulations for the government of the schools was 
adopted by the Board, who fully sustained the teachers in their execution. An 
important rule was the closing of the door against tardiness. It did much in 
establishing the habit of punctiiality, and was favorably received by nearly all 
the patrons of the school. In March, 1863, five months after the organiza- 
tion of the Union School, A.W. Wood left, and Franklin Wood, of Massachu- 
setts, took his position for the same compensation. The following are the 
names of Superintendents, terms of service and compensation: A.W. Wood, 
from October, 1862, to March, 1863, $50 per month and tuition of non-resident 
pupils; F. Wood, from March, 1863, to June, 1865, compensation as above, 
with $20 per month added last year; Rev. A. E. Thomson, from September, 

1866, to December, 1866, with the same compensation; L. Piper, from January, 

1867, to June, 1867, with same compensation; Franklin Wood, from June 
1867, to the present time [1876)] with an annual salary of $1,200. Miss Sarah 
Jane Barbour had charge of the First Primary Department from the oi'ganiza- 
tion of the school in October, 1862, till June, 1873, eleven years. Miss Mary 
E. Pierce held the position of First Assistant, for the last three years Prin- 
ci})al in the highest department, embracing the High School and advanced 
Grammar grade, from September, 1870, till June, 1875. In 1866, the wages 
of female teachers was raised to $30 per month, and has since been raised to 
$40. The Principal of the highest department, however, receives 1 1876] an 
annual salary of $500." 

When Mr. Wood wrote his article, he was g'ving one-half his time to 
super intendency and the other half to teaching, and the other teachers in the 
schools at that time -(Januarj', 1876), with the enrollment in the various 
gi'ades, were as follows: Miss Nellie S. McDonald, Principal Highest Depart- 
ment, 80; Mrs. Mattie A. Robinson, Assistant Highest Department; Miss Alice 
S. Pierce, teacher first Grammar Department, 38; Miss Dora E. King, teacher 
Second Intermediate Department, 40; Miss Laura Scott, teacher First Interme- 
diate Department, 57; Miss Abbie E. Neal, teacher Third Primary Depart- 
ment, 65; Miss E. Amelia Burgner, teacher Second Primary Department, 47; 
Miss KateT. Lee, teacher Second Division, FirstPrimary Department, 33; Miss 
Lucy J. Jones, teacher First Division, First Primary Department, 60; total 
enrollment, 420. Mr. Wood writes, continuing the article already quoted: 
" The aim, both in government and instruction, has ccmstantly been to adopt 
that which should give a thorough and practical jireparation for the future, to 
teach how to use the mind and other faculties, rather than bare facts. There 
has been a willingness to adopt improved and tested methods of teaching, 
whether the result of our work or that of others. We have found that fre- 
quent reviews and examinations, both oral and written, ai-e of great advan- 
tage. One gi'eat difficulty with us is, our pupils leave school, especially the 
boys, before they have had time or siifficient matui-ity to complete a proper 
course of education. But it is easier to point out and lament than to correct. 
When oiu' present house was built, in 1862, considerable complaint was made 
that so lai'ge a plan was adopted, larger by one third than the present need 
demanded. But the wisdom of the arrangement was soon accepted, for in 1868 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 47 

the number of pupils in attendance was fully equal to the capacity of the house, 
and in that year, by vote of the district, they commenced to raise a fund to put 
an addition to the present house, or erect a new one in another part of the vil- 
lage. Said fund has accumulated to about $8,000 (in 1876). Although 100 
scholars are accommodated in rented rooms, and the schoolhouse still crowded, 
the new schoolhouse is not yet erected. 

"Mention should be made of Hon. Cornelius S. Hamilton,* whose tragic 
death occurred in December, 1867. He came to this county at the age of six- 
teen years, with his father and family, in 1838, and spent liis time till he was 
twenty-five upon his father's farm, assisting in the transformation of those 
broad and fertile acres from the dense and heavy forest to the beautiful field 
and meadow. He had already decided upon intellectual pursuits, and ac- 
quainted himself with some of the pi'inciples of law through Blackstone's 
works. He came to Marysville in 1848, and pursued the study of law in the 
office of Hon. William C. Lawrence. He also edited and published for sev- 
eral years a weekly paper, the Marysville Tribune. He was a man of good 
judgment and remarkable will power, accomplishing his own euds when con- 
scious he was in the right, sometimes even against the majority, though not 
by unjust means. He was a man of high principles, of honor and integrity, 
and soon gained the confidence of his fellow-citizens. He was a member of 
the convention which fi'amed the (Jonstitution of Ohio, now in force. He was 
also sent to the State Legislature, and to the House of Representatives at 
Washington, of which he was a member at the time of his death. The school 
privileges of his youth were limited; but in early manhood, accepting the fact 
that education is one of the corner-stones of our Republic, and a powerful in- 
fluence in the elevation of man, he became interested in the advancement and 
improvement of the public schpol. He taught the opening school under the 
new law of 1849, and was one of the first Board of Examiners under that law. 
The next year he was elected a member of the Board of Education, and was 
retained in that office till his death, some eighteen years. To him is given 
the credit mainly of placing Marysville in the van, with places of equal size, 
in regard to educational matters. He had a largely controlling influence in 
securing the adoption of the Union School system in 1860. According to the 
records, it was left principally to him to caiTy into efiect the various measures 
to complete that arrangement. He lived to see something of the advantages 
resulting. He had more to do than any other individual in carrying out the 
purpose he, with others, had formed, of establishing a school which should 
offer to all good and equal facilties for obtaining a thorough preparation for 
the various departments uf business life or admission to the halls of our 
higher institutions of learning. Success in business, and the college records 
at Oxford, Delaware, Wooster and Yale, show that their anticipations are 
already realized. Through his taste and decision chiefly we have a good 
house, beautifully and favorably located, surrounded with ample grounds, 
adorned with evergreens and other trees, all of which will bear a favorable 
comparison with any school premises in our State. " 

A very fine new school building has been erected in the eastern part of 
town. The contract for building it was let to Woodward & Son, of Mount 
Gilead, Ohio, June 22, 1876, for $23,518. The structure was completed and 
school first began in it late in the fall of 1877. It is of tasteful design and 
finish, and contains ten rooms for school purposes, to be used during school 
sessions, and for recitations, etc. , besides other rooms for various uses. One 
room in the upper story is neatly fitted up for a hall for exhibitions, having a 
wide stage and seating room for several hundred people. The principal ob- 
jection to the building is its height. 

* See notice in Chapter XIV. 



48 HISTORY OF UNION 00 INT V. 

Franklin "Wood. Siiperiuteudent of the Marvsville Schools, left in 1S77, 
and is now located at Binv:;liamton. N. Y. His successor is the present Super- 
intendent. Prof. W. H. Cole, from Hii^blaud County, Ohio. He came here 
fi'om the Missoiu-i State rniversity, and had previously taught at Nashville, 
Tenn.. Wilmington, Ohio, and Delaware. Ohio. He is a very successful 
teacher. His assistants in the schools of Marysville for the school year of 
1SS'2-S3 were the following: L. B. Demorest, Principal High School: Miss 
Alfarata Clute. Principal Grammar School: Miss ^linnie ^Valker. First De- 
partment Grammar School: Miss Amima Mm-phy, Fifth Grade; Miss Delia E. 
Miller, Fourth Grade, "A" Division: Miss Amelia Burgner, Fourth Grade, 
"B" Division; Miss Lillian Eobb. Third Grade, ''A" Division: Miss Nellie 
Robinson, Second Grade, ''A" Division; Miss Emily Shinu, Second Grade, 
"B" Division: Miss Jennie E. Smith. "A" Primary; Miss Mattie Robinson, 
"B" Primary: Thomas J. Davies, Teacher of Music. The janitors are Victor 
Payne, for the east building, and Maggie Payne, for the west building. 

VILLAGE INCOrPOKATIOX. ETC. 

From the absence of records, or any positive evidence on the subject, it 
cannot be determined at what exact date Marysville was incorporated; but it 
was probably in iSiO, as an old memorandum at the court house shows that 
Otway Curry was elected Mayor in tluit year, being, it is thought, the tirst to 
hold the otHee in the place. The corporation limits have been several times 
extended, by action of the Commissionei"s of the county. The record above 
mentioned, which is in the ottice of the County Clerk, shows that Otway Curry 
was elected Mavor, Mav 4. 1S40: James E. ^^'ilson. Api'il 17. 1S43: John Cas- 
sil. May 6, 1S44; P. B.'Cole. March 31. 1S45: and Otway Curry, March 80, 
1S46. The earliest record found in the office of 'the Corporation Clerk is dated 
September 7, 1S46, and it presents the following facts: 

" The Council of the town of Marysville met in the Mayor's office. Id 
the absence of William W. Steele. Recorder, on motion, W. H. Frank was ap. 
pointed Secretary /iro ^c;». Membei-s present: O. Curry, B. Welsh. Thomas 
Turner, James W. Evans, Jacob Bouser and William H. Frank. On motion, 
C. W. B. Allison was elected Recorder to till the vacancy occasioned by the re- 
moving away of W. W. Steele. On motion, meeting adjourned until Monday 
evening, October 5. 1840. Seoketaky pro /o»(." 

The meeting was held as appointed. R. L.Broome was allowed 85.25 
for seven days" service as Street Superintendent: P. B. Cole $10.75 for print- 
ing. Otway CmTv appi.>iuted a committee of one to report an ordinance upon the 
subject of curbing the sidewalks m Marysville. The Street Sitperintendent 
was ordered to purchase plank and repair the bridge by S. P. G. Brown's dwell- 
ing house, by making a double track. October 10. 1^40. Otway Cm*ry, Thomas 
Turner and Bill Welsh were appointed a committee of three to select one or 
more suitable sites for a bmying-ground. and ascertain on what terms the same 
could be purchased. They made a report on the lUh of November, but what 
it was the record fails to state. A meeting of the citizens was called to take 
some action on the subject of purchasing a ne\v biu'ial ground and removing 
the old one from the corporation. December 7, 1840. R. L. Broome and 
Samuel Ressler were appointed Fire Wardens for one year. 

February 1. 1847, Mr. Evans, of the Council, was appointed a committee 
of one to consult with the old officers of the hook and ladder company respect- 
ing the ladders furnished by the citizens in 1845. for protection against tire. 
Those ladders were six in number, and Mr. Evans was the next day instructed, 
upon making his report, to superintend the ironing of said laddei*s and to pro- 
cm"e one or moi'e fire hooks and cables. April 2*4, 1847, the contract for build- 




tM^^^^ Jvf Ti ga^/^-^JUm-^ 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 51 

ing a new bridge on East Center street was awarded to James W. Evans, for 
168.50; the bridge was to be completed by the 1st of the following July. It 
was finished July 17. At the corporation election, March 29, 1847, the fol- 
lowing officers were chosen: William M. Robinson, Mayor; William H. Skin- 
ner, Recorder; Richard Bancroft, Charles Rosette, Samuel Ressler, John 
Johnson, William E. Lee, Trustees. The new Council met April 5, and elected 
Bill W^elsh Superintendent of Streets; William E. Lee, Treasm'er; William 
T. Brophy, Marshal; John W. Lansdown, Assistant Marshal; William H. 
Frank and Thomas Turner, Fire Wardens. Since then the elections have re- 
sulted in the choice of officers as follows: 

March 27, 1S48— George D. Witter, Mayor; James Kinkade, Recorder; 
John Cassil, Richard Bancroft, R. Lee, Thomas Turner, F. Wingfield, Trust- 
ees. At this election the question of purchasing a tire engine Avas submitted 
to the electors, and the project was defeated by a vote of forty to eighteen. A 
bridge over the run at the south end of Main street was built in the fall of 1848. 

March 26, 1849— William H, Frank, Mayor; Philip Snider, Recorder; A. 
R. Hunter, William W. Woods, Williamx T. Brophy, Thomas Peacock, James 
Welsh, Trustees. April 27, 1849, the job of graveling the "diamond," or pub- 
lic square, was let to Henry Wolford for 168.68, the gravel to be put on eight 
inches deep, and the work done by the 15th of the following June. Consider- 
able graveling was done on the streets in that year, at a cost ranging from 75 
cents to $1.05 per rod. 

March 25, 1850 — W. H. Frank, Mayor: Thomas Brown, Recorder; Thomas 
Turner, Thomas Peacock, W^ W. Woods, Charles Rathbun, A. R. Hunter, 
Trustees. 

March 31, 1851— William H. Frank, Mayor; George W. Cherry, Recorder; 
Joseph Saxton, Felix G. Wingfield, Thomas Turner, Thomas Brown, Stephen 
Winget, Trustees. 

March 29, 1852— William H. Frank, Mayor; George W .Cherry, Re- 
corder; Thomas Turner, Joseph Saxton, Felix G. Wingfield, G. A. Cassil, 
James M. Welsh, Trustees. Cherry resigned as Recorder, and M. H. Wad- 
hams was appointed July 2, 1852. 

1853. — Cyprian Lee, Mayor; Andrew M. Pollock, Recorder; Thomas Tur- 
ner, James M. Welsh, Joseph Saxton, Felix G. Wingfield, G. A. Cassil, Trust- 
ees. Mr. Lee refused to serve as Mayor, and William M. Robinson was chosen 
to the position at a special election held April 19, 1853. 

1854 — W. M. Robinson, Mayor, Augustus Turner, Recorder; Thomas Tur- 
ner, G. A. Cassil, Felix G. Wingfield, J. M. Welsh, Joseph Saxton, Trustees. 

1855 — John L. Porter, Mayor; Cyrus A. Phelps, Recorder; John Cassil, 

C. Rathbun, R. Lee, R. L. Partridge, D. Plumb, Trustees. Cassil resigned, 
and S. C. Lee was appointed to fill vacancy, October 8, 1855. 

1856— Samuel McBatney, Mayor; R. C. Clark, Recorder; Seth McMahill, 
Rowland Lee, R. L. Patrick, Tabor Randall, William Drake, Trustees. 

1857— M. C. Lawrence, Mayor; William H. Robb, Recorder; John Fleck, 
John F. Sabine, James W. Robinson, David D. Welsh, R. Welsh, Trustees. 

1858 — John Barber, Mayor; John Rathbun, Recorder; J. F. Sabine, Sam- 
uel Sherwood, D. D. Welsh, William Drake, J. H. Ryan, Trustees. 

► 1859 — J. D. Smith, Mayor; J. N. Rathbun, Recorder; William Drake, 

D. D. Welsh, John Barl:>er, Joseph Newlove, W. W. Woods, Trustees. 

1860 — E. G. Bartram, Mayor; Alvin Thompson, Recorder; E. J. Nugent, 
Joseph G. Hawkins. John Weidman, William Drake, John B. Coats. Trustees, 

1861 — R. C. Clark, Mayor; Augustus Turner, Recorder; J. Garrard, J. 
Newlove, H. Sabine, D. W. Henderson, Robert Snodgras.s, Trustees. 

1862 — Thomas Brown, Mayor; James Kinkade, Recorder; G. L. Sellers, 



52 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Rawson Welsh, William Cartmell, M. C. Lawrence, J. Newlove, Trustees. 
Lawrence resigned September 5, 1862. and A. J. Whitney was appointed to 
fill vacancy. 

April G, 1863 — Thomas Brown, Mayor; R. L. Partridge, Recorder; Joseph 
Newlove, J. A. Henderson, Rawson Welsh, O. W. R. Ingman, Robert Snod- 
grass, Trustees. 

April 4, 1864 — A. F. Wilkins, Mayor; A. J. Whitney, Recorder; Joseph 
Newlove, J. A. Henderson, Robert Snodgi'ass, Joseph Saxton, O. W. R. Ing- 
man, Trustees. 

April 3, 1865— A. F. Wilkins, Mayor; A. J. Whitney, Recorder; John 
Guthrie, James W. Robinson, Joseph Newlove, W. L. Miller, J. H. Ryan, 
Trustees. 

April 2, 1866— A. F. Wilkins, Mayor; J. A. Henderson, Recorder; J. 
Newlove, J. W. Robinson, B. W. Keys, John L. Porter, T. J. Buxton, Trust- 
ees. 

April 1, 1867 — John Cassil, Mayor; J. F. Snider, Recorder; John C. 
Nicol, R. R. Henderson, James W. Robinson, William H. Robb, G. L. Sel- 
lers, Trustees. 

April 6, 1868— A. F. Wilkins, Mayor; O. M. Scott, Recorder; W. H. 
Robb, J. W. Robinson, W. S. Johnson, James H. Roney, J, C. Nicol, Trust- 
ees. 

April 6, 1869— A. D. Doolittle, Mayor; O. M. Scott, Recorder; J. L. Por- 
ter, W. H. Robb, W. S. Johnson, J. H. Roney, J. C. Nicol, Trustees. 

April 4, 1870 — A. F. Wilkins, Mayor for two years; Tabor Randall, 
Clerk (two years), H. Speakman, D. Buxton, O. B. Williams, Councilmen for 
one year; Joseph Newlove, J. A. Henderson, D.Edwards, Councilmen for two 
years. J. B. Coats was elected to the Council in May, in place of Joseph 
Newlove. 

April, 1871 — L N. Hamilton, M. C. Lawrence, A. C. Pearson, Council- 
men for two years. 

April, 1872 — J. M. Kennedy, Mayor; two years; Tabor Randall, Clerk 
and Recorder, two years; A. D. Doolittle, Levi Longbrake. J. B. Whelpley, 
Councilmen for two years. 

April, ]873 — O. B. Williams, H. S. Wood, J. Richard Ousler, Councilmen 
for two years. 

April 10, 1874 — Wesley Garrard, Mayor; Tabor Randall, Clerk and Re- 
corder; Darius Buxton, David Edwards, Philip Snider, Councilmen — all for 
two years; John L. Porter, Councilman for one year. 

April, 1875— S. N. McCloud, L. C. Conrad, O. C. Chase, Councilmen, 
two years. 

April, 1876 — Wesley Garrard, Mayor; John H. Kinkade, CJerk; J. B. 
Whelpley, J. J. Morelock, H. S. Wood, Couucilmen — all for two years. 
Whelpley resigned March 20, 1877. 

April 2, 18/7 — Aaron B. Robinson, F.G.England, I. N. Hamilton, Coun- 
cilmen, two years; R. Ousler, D. Webb, C. M. Ingman, Councilmen, one year. 
England resigned, and on the 11th of September, 1877, George S. Baldwin 
was appointed to fill vacancy. 

April 1, 1878— John D. Radebaugh, Mayor; J. M. Brodrick, Clerk; J. J. 
Morelock, C. M Kenton, W. H. Robb, Coiincilmen, two years. 

April 7, 1879— A. B. Robinson, S. N. McCloud, W. P. Anderson, Council- 
men, two years. 

April, 1880 — Wesley Garrai-d, Mayor; John M. Brodrick, Clerk; Jesse L. 
Cameron, John Wiley, Delmore Snodgrass, Councilmen, two years. 

April 4, 1881 — Robert M. Henderson, Henry W. Morey, Emanuel Fox, 
Councilmen, two years. 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 53 

April, 1882 — J. H. Kinkade, Mayor; George W. Heistand, Clerk; William 
Carfcmell, Jr., Israel Slack, E. L. Price, Councilmen, two years. 

For the fiscal year ending March 30, 1852, the receipts of the corporation 
were $225.76; the expenditures for the same time were 1107.47, leaving a bal- 
ance in the treasury of $118.29. It did not cost much to run a village govern 
ment and pay for improvements in those days. 

FIRES AND FIRE DEPARTMENT. 

Ladders were purchased by the village in 1845, for use in case of fires, 
and this was the first record of any provision made looking to the safety of 
property from damage by fire. A hook and ladder company was formed, but 
was probably in existance but a short time.* July 22, 1859, the most serious 
fire occurred which the place had yet suffered, burning the fine Cassil Block 
and several other buildings, and causing a losa of about $15,000. A pottery, 
half a mile south of town, owned by E. Weller, was burned August 30, 1861. 
In fluly, 1865, a hand fire engine was purchased for Marysville, at Dayton, 
Ohio, costing $1,200 It was manufactured in New Jersey; the first engineer 
was a Mr. Hubbell. June 7. 1865, the County Commissionors had granted a 
petition from the citizens of Marsyville praying that they be allowed to erect 
an engine house on the southeast corner of the jail lot; and the Commissioners 
also donated $50 out of the county treasury to help pay for the engine pur- 
chased. The engine house was not built until the summer of 1866, when a brick 
structure, two stories high, was erected. 

On the night of June 12, 1866, theMarysvilleflouring-mill, with a saw-mill 
attached, fell a prey to the flames, the loss reaching about $10,000. A fire on 
the 22d of March, 1867, burned Sherwood's grocery store, Smith & Cartmell's 
grocery store, and the store of F. T. Arthur; loss several thousand dollars. 
The hand fire engine, which had been considered inefficient, worked finely and 
saved other buildings fx'om destruction. May 3, 1879, a steam fire-engine was 
purchased and placed in the fire department room in the new city hall build- 
ing. In the afternoon of the same day it was thoroughly tested and found to 
be a first class machine. Sufficient steam was made in four minutes to force 
water strongly through one nozzle, and two minutes later water was flying 
through the same hose to a distance of over 130 feet. Another hose was at- 
tached and water thrown through both with tremendous force. In July, 1881, 
horses were secured for the department and placed in. their quarters in the 
city hall building. The town now has a paid fire department, organized in 
August, 1882, and consisting of a chief, engineer and fireman. George W. 
Fox is the present chief; C. H. Carter, engineer, and French Sellers, fireman. 
Besides the steamer there is a hook and ladder truck, and the old hand engine- 
is still the property of the town, though not in use. Everything is kept in readi - 
ness for turning out in the shortest possible time, and the department is efficient 
and well organized. 

THE CITY HALL. 

In the latter part of August, 1864, the Town Council purchased property 
at the southeast corner of Main and South streets, on which to erect a build- 
ing for a city hall, engine room, etc. In the spring of 1877, it was decided 
by vote to build a hall for city use. Plans drawn by F. J. Sager had been for 
some time on exhibition at McCloud's drug store. Work was soon begun on 

*Thi8 company was orgauized immediately after a small fire which occurred on the night of January 22, 1845 
causing a loss of 81,000 or more. A meeting of citizens was held at the court house on the day succeeding the fire, 
and the company was then organized, with Samuel Resler, Captain; Mains Wasson, First Lieutenant; Abner Power, 
Second Lieutenant; J. S. Alexander, Treasurer; William C. Lawrence, Secretary. A contribution was raised for the 
use of the company, and a petition was forwarded to the Legislature, praying for an act of incorporation. The offi- 
cers chosen were to hold only until the company should be incorporated. 



54 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

the site named, the old buildings on the ground being sold and moved away. 
New plans and specifications w^ere called for and on the 15th of August, 1877; 
bids were -jpened and the contracts for the different branches of work awarded 
separately, the whole footing up $12,495. Ground was broken on the 21st of 
the same month, and the building was completed in the spring of 1878. In 
the latter part of March in that year, the Council purchased a Seth Thomas 
striking tower clock and placed it in the tower of the new building. Its cost, 
with bell, was 1915; it is of the eight day variety, forty inches wide, forty- 
two inches deep, fifty-one inches high, nine inch main wheel, sixteen-inch 
strike wheel, pendulum five feet long, ball weighs seventy-five pounds; weight 
of bell 1,000 pounds. Gas fixtures were placed in the building by a Cincin- 
nati firm. The steam heating apparatus was manufactured by E. B. Arm- 
strf^ng, of Columbus. The auditorium is finely frescoed. The hall was opened 
to the public October 21, 1878. when the drama of the "Two Orphans" was 
given by home talent. The total cost of the building, furniture, fixtures, etc., 
was $13,191.80, and the structure would be a credit to any town having a 
much greater population. It contains the fine public hall, the Mayor's olfice 
or Council Room, the public library, the fire department rooms and the city 
prison. 

MANUFACTURES. 

About 1848—49, the "Marysville Pearlash Factory" was established, and 
during most of its existence it was the property of Judge W. W. Woods, with 
whom Darius Buxton was for several years a partner in the business. This 
ashery was one of the most extensive in the United States, and, in fact, was re- 
ported as the largest in 1874; but after the death of Judge Wqodsitwas aban- 
doned and the work discontinued. 

In the fall of 185G, the first steam grist-mill in the place was erected by 
J. & B. Saxton and G. A. Cassil. The subject of building of such an institu- 
tion had been discussed in the columns of the daily papers for some time, and 
the mill supplied a long-felt w-ant. It was started June 1, 1857, by Saxton & 
McCreight, an<l after being operated a number of years was destroyed by fire. 
In the fall and winter of 1867, a new flouring mill was built by Miller & 
Snodgrass, tw^o stories high and 32x36 feet in dimensions. The steam grist- 
mill in the northeast part of town, now the property of Moses Thompson, was 
built about 1866, by W. L. Miller; it is a brick and frame structm'e, contain- 
ing fou.r runs of stone, having a capacity of about thirty-five barrels daily; does 
merchant and custom grinding, and furnishes employment for three men. A 
new steam gristmill is being erected near the north end of Main street, by 
Messrs. Sprague & Perfect, the former from Sunbmy, Delaware County, and 
the latter from Columbus It will have all the late impi'ovements and be 
capable of grinding 100 barrels of flour daily. 

The Marysville Butter Tub and Spoke Company was incorporated July 1, 
1874; capital stock $50,000, in shares of $100 each; incorporators — W.W.Woods, 
A. S. Chapman, A. B. Kobinson. C. S. Chapman, D. D. Shearer, A. C Pierscm. 
Philip Snider, J. B. Whelpley, W. H. Robinson. Officers were elected on the 
7th of the succeeding August. The manufactures were tubs, buckets, pails 
and firkins for packing butter, etc. In the spring of 1880, the old comj^any 
sold out to W. F. Wilcox & Co., the death of Judge Woods being the main 
cause of breaking up the business, and a new building has been erected oppo- 
site 'the old one, which is being fitted up by Mr. Wilcox individually, who wa« 
the last of three superintendents of the old factory, A. S. Chapman having 
been the first andE. L. Price the second. The firm of W. F. Wilcox & Co. was 
composed of Mr. W^ilcox and Judge Woods. The sales of the institution ran 
as high as $60,000 and over, annually, the goods being mostly disposed of in 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 55 

Ohio. Shipments were made, however, into Indiana, Kentucky, West Virginia 
and Pennsylyania. Part of the old machinery is in the new buiidinj^. Mr. 
Wilcox will manufacture butter tubs, pails and hard wood lumber, and give 
employment to an average of twenty five men. 

Rawson Walsh was for many years engaged in the manufacture of woolen 
goods in Marysville, at diffei'ent points, and, in 18G4, the firm of Woodbury & 
Welsh built the brick factory now standing in the northeast part of town. 
Robinson & Robinson purchased it soon after, and for a number of years, un- 
der the management of the latter firm, it was one of the most important insti- 
tutions in the place. Twenty-five hands were employed, and jeans, satinets, 
flannels, etc., maniifactured. The business amounted t>> about $30,000 annu- 
ally, and the firm conducted a store opposite the factoiy, where they enjoyed 
a very large trade. These gentlemen are now proprietors of the well-known 
"factory store" on South Main strett. They sold the factory in the spring of 
1880 to Turpie Brothers, of White County, Ind., and it is not now in opera- 
tion. 

A brewery was built in the east part of town in the spring of 1S6G. In Sep- 
tember, 1878, the tubs, vats, etc., were removed to Indiana. On the morning 
of September 14, 1881, the structure was very badly damaged by fire, but it was 
repaired and refitted and is still in existence, conducted by P. Schlegel. A large 
barn on the premises was burned in November, 1882. The property was for- 
merly owned by VV. W. Woods. 

The " Marysville Cheese Manufacturing Company" was organized Febru- 
ary 13, 1871, among the prominent members being W. W. ^Voods, W. M. Ran- 
dall, Col. Robb, R. T. McAllister, Jehu Ryan, John Fleck and A. J. Sterling, 
as stockholders. The certificate of incorj^oration was filed a few days later; 
capital stock, $4,000, in shares of $100 each. The incorporators were W. H. 
Robb, A. J. Sterling, W. W. Woods, Isaac C. Botkin, James W. Field, 
George P. Cross, J. S. Fleck The company purchased an acre of ground 
next south of the fair ground, and in the spring of #1871 erected a factory 
thereon which began operations on the ISth of May in that year. The build- 
ing was 40x84 feet, including the engine room, and two stories high. J. H. 
Ryan was chosen manager and N. P. Baughman, assistant. The latter had 
learned the trade in the Western Reserve dairy region of Ohio. Within a 
short time, the factory was manufacturing ten cheeses daily, weighing thirty 
pounds each. In May, 1872 it was receiving 3,300 pounds of milk per diem, 
and was operated by F. Hazen, who made 360 pounds of cheese each day. 
February 22, 1873, the factory was sold by the Sheriff and bid off by J W. 
Robinson, for $2,550. It was continued for a time, but ceased operations 
previous to 1877, and the building was sold to Judge Woods for $700. A 
new factory was built in the eastern part of town, in 1878, but was continued 
a short time only 

In the spring of 1872, a carriage factory was erected on South Main street, 
by Conrad & Schepper, the building being a large frame structure. In the 
fall of 1876, the two-story brick addition, which now constitutes the front 
portion of the establishment, was built. In November, 1878, John Boerger 
purchased the interest of Mr. Schepper, and the firm of Conrad & Boerger was 
established. Mr. Bosrger had come to the place in 1872, and learned his trade 
in this shop. The present firm employs from eight to fifteen men, according 
to the season, and trausacts annually a business amounting to $12,000 or $15,- 
000. The manufactures — wagons, carriages, sleighs, etc. — are disposed of 
principally in Union and adjoining counties. Before the death of Judge 
Woods, and through his instrumentality, they shipped to some extent to Min- 
neapolis, Minn. Mr. Boerger's father, John L. Boerger, owns a fine farm in 



56 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Mill Creek Township, containing 340 acres, and the son had lived with his 
father up to the time of his location in Marysville, when he started entirely 
on his own resonrces. 

The carriac^e works of Baner, Schepper & Devine were established Feb- 
ruary 7, 1882. Employment is given in the busy season to ten or twelve 
hands, and the work is disposed of mos'ly in Union and Franklin Counties. 
The firm manufactures carriages, wagons, sleighs, etc., and does a general 
blacksmithing business. Mt. Schepper was formerly in partnership with Mr. 
Conrad, and has worked at his trade in Marysville since 1868, coming from 
Owen County, Ind. Mr. Bauer is lately from Columbus, and Mr. Devine 
came from the same place three or four years ago. 

A. S. Turner, proprietor of the City Carriage Works, has been engaged in 
the business in this place since the close of the rebellion, having served in the 
army during that memorable struggle. For live or six years, h« was in com- 
pany with F. E. Justice. About the fall of 1871, he built a portion of his 
present shop, and in April, 1872, Mr. Justice became his partner. The firm 
was continued until October, 25, 1877, since when Mr. Turner has operated 
the factory alone and made extensive additions to it. From working as a 
journeyman a short time subsequent to the close of the war, he is now propri- 
etor ot a business amoiinting to about $6,000 annually, and employs an aver- 
age of seven hands. He manufactures entirely for the home trade. 

The carriage factory of L. E. Bellus was established about 1874, by its 
present proprietor, who has worked in Marysville since 1871. During the 
war he was for a time in company with Franklin E. Justice. He employs 
seven hands in the busy season, and disposes of most of his work near home, 
shipping but little. 

The establishment of S. A. Cherry is mentioned elsewhere, hence a de- 
scription is unnecessary in this connection. 

In 1875, a planing mill was built and a lumber yard opened by Rice, 
Fleck & Co., the firm b^ing composed of H. Rice, J. S. Fleck and A. S. Chap- 
man. In that year, a large amount of building was done in Marysville, 
and, on the 9th of June, forty -five buildings were under way together. A 
three-story hotel was talked of, to be erected on the site of the old American, 
and to cost from $20,000 to $30,000, but it has, up to this writing, failed to 
materialize. The present owners of the above-mentioned planing mill and 
lumber yard are Messrs. Fleck & Chapman, who have made extensive additions 
to the original mill and introduced many improvements. It is now the largest 
establishment of the kind in the county. The building covers four lots and 
has a frontage of 264 feet. The yards in the rear and to the south are con 
stantly stocked with lumber, and a portion of the main floor of the building is 
supplied from the yard and used for seasoning and cutting. The upper floor 
receives the timber from its first cutting, and it is rapidly converted into floor- 
ing, doors, sash and building material. The firm employs, on an average, 
about fifteen men; in the busy season, twenty-five. The capital at the start 
was limited, and the first year's sales amounted to only $7,000; this had in-~ 
creased to $45,000 in 1881, and to $60,000 for 1882. 

The Marysville Gas Ijight Company was incorporated August 30, 1878, 
the incorporators being W. W. Woods, Frederick J. Sager, S. N. McCloud, 
William Smith, J. W. Field and M. C. Lawence. Capital stock, $20,000, in 
shares of $50 each. No works were ever put in, and a citizen of the town re- 
marked in December, 1882, that the only gas in the place was "gasoline and 
human gas." Gasoline was introduced in Marysville in the spring of 1869; 
about forty lamps were set in the streets, and " Ward's Gas Generating Lamp'* 
used. 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 57 

BANKS. 

The Bank of Marysville was established in 1854, by Andrews, Evans & 
Woods, whose advertisement appears in the Marysville Tribune under date of 
February 14, 1855. On the 15th of April, 1868, another advertisement shows that 
the proprietors were then W. W. Woods, D. D. Welsh and C. S. Hamilton. 
They were at that time " agents for the sale of United States Government 
Five-Twenty Bonds." In September, 1869, T. J. Buxton, a member of the firm, 
retired for the purpose of entering the same business at Minneapolis, Minn. 
James Fullington and C. Phellis became partners with Judge Woods, under 
the firm name of Fullington. Phellis & Woods, Avhich ie still continued, the 
Judge's heirs retaining an interest in the institution. This is the oldest bank 
in the county, and transacts a general banking business. The cashier, R. M. 
Henderson, has held the position since the retirement of Mr. Buxton, in 1869. 
The building now occupied by this bank was erected in 1872, and was then 
the finest business edifice in Union County. It is three stories high, brick be- 
ing the material composing the walls. The upper story is occupied by the 
Odd Fellows. 

The Farmer'^s Bank of Union County went into operation about the 20th 
of April, 1868, with the following officers: Directors — Levi Longbrake, A. 
James Sterling, Dr. J. M. Southard; Cashier — Joseph Newlove. The bank 
was first located in the Robinson Block, three doors east of the public square, 
but is now in a fine brick building at the southeast corner of the square, 
erected in 1872. The present proprietors (December, 1882) of this bank are 
Joseph Newlove. * J. M. Southard, Levi Longbrake, Edward Weller, Thomas 
Mai'tin. The position of cashier is filled by C W. Southard. 

The People^ s Bank. — This banking company was organized in the^forepart 
of April, 1874, and included among its members A. J. Whitney, W. H. Robb, 
J. B. Whelpley, C. Houston, A. S. Chapman, F. T. Arthur, A. T. Carpenter, 
S. B. Woodburn, B. W. Keyes, C. S. Chapman. It began business in the room 
previously occupied by the Bank of Marysville, which had shortly before moved 
into its new quarters in the building it now occupies. The present officers are: 
A. J. Whitney, President; C. S. Chapman, Cashier. The bank transacts busi- 
ness on a capital of 120,000. 

SECRET ORDERS AND OTHER ASSOCIATIONS. 

Palestine Lodge, No. 158, F. (& A. M., was instituted April 19, 1848. The 
charter members were Stephen F. Kinney, John Cassil, J. O. Baker, Silas 
Igou, Jeremiah Curl, L. B. Kinney, David Burnham and James R. Smith. 
Jeremiah Ciirl was the first W. M. ; S. F. Kinney, S. W., and John Cassil, 
probably first Secretary.f At meetings held April 20 and 21, 1848, the 
lodge admitted seven new members. Of the fifteen thus constituting the old 
lodge, but one is now known to be living — Dr. Charles Rathbun,now of Southern 
Illinois. William M. Winget, of Marysville, who was initiated August 26, 
1852, is one of the oldest members of the lodge. Thomas Peacock was made 
an Entered Apprentice in 1849, and Judge John B. Coates was initiated March 
21, 1850; these two were initiated in this lodge probably before any other 
person now living in the place. David C. Winget, who became a JVfaster Ma- 
son before joining this lodge, is thought to have belonged to the order longer 
than any other man in the town. W. M. Robinson and W. H. Robb are also 
old Masons. A fire which occurred July 26, 1859, destroyed the records, 
charter and effects of this lodge, but a new charter was granted on the 21st of 

*Mr. Newlove's decease has occurred since these notes were t>iken. 
t A directory of Union County, published in 1877, says the first officers of this lod;^e were Horace M. Stokes, W. 
M.; J. N. Burr, S. W., and James Williams, J. W. 



58 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

the folio-wing October, under which the lodge is now working. The member- 
ship, December 12, 1882, was 163, and the officers were: J. J. Scott, W. M. ; 
J. M Broderick, S. W. ; A. H. Beightler, J. W.; J. W. Field, Treasurer; J. H. 
Kinkade, Seerefcaiy; C S. Lee, S. D. ; E. L. Parthemore, J. D. ; Thomas Pea- 
cock, Tiler. 

Marysville Chaptei^, No. 99, R. A.M. — A dispensation was granted a chap- 
ter October 13, 1866, and it was instituted at that date by David Haskell, of 
London, H. P., pro tern., S. S. Jewell being installed as High Priest. After 
working one year under dispensation, a charter was granted October 12, 1867, 
to S. S. Jewel'l, John Sidle, James W. Field, Harvey S. Wood, T. S. Hill, William 
M. Winget, Abram Beck, John Cassil and A^'. H. Robb. . Officers elected at 
that time were: S. S. Jewell, H. P.; John Sidle, K. ; J. W. Field, Scribe; W. 
H. Kobb, C. of H. ; R. R. Hederson, P. S. ; M. C. Lawrence, R. A. C; James -A.. 
Henderson, M. 3d V. ; E. S. Pyne, M. 2d V. ; W. E. Baxter, M. 1st V. ; Thomas J. 
Buxton, Treasurer; John Cassil, Secretary; C. L.Mullen, Guard; J. B. Whelp- 
ley, Chaplain. The membership in December, 1882, was seventy-eight, and 
the officers at the same time were: W. M. Winget, High Priest; AV. P. An- 
derson, King; C. W. Radebaugh, Scribe; Elmer P. Blinn, Captain of Host; J. 
J. Scott, Principal Sojourner; H. W. Morey, Royal Arch Captain; David Ed- 
wards, Master 3d Veil; Will O. Shearer, Master 2d Veil; J. M. Brodrick, Mas- 
ter 1st Veil; J. W. Field, Treasurer; Will E. Winget, Secretary; A. H. Beight- 
ler, Guard. 

Marysville Council, No. 61. R. & S. M. was instituted December 30, 1873, 
with ten or twelve charter members. Its first officers were: O. B. Williams, 
T. I. M. ; James A. Henderson, D. L M. ; W. H. Robb, P. C. of W. ; D. W. 
Henderson, Treasurer; James W. Field, Rec. ; W. M. Cartmell, C. of G. ; C. 
L. Mullen, S. The council is not at present in a flourishing condition. It 
has a membership (December 12, 1882) of twentv, and is officered as follows: 
W. P. Anderson, T. L U.; James W. Field. D.^'l. M.; S. S. Jewell, P. C. of 
W.; W. M. Cartmell, C. of G.; W. M. Robinson. Treasurer; S. N. McCloud, 
Recorder; H. W. Morey, Sentinel j^t'o tern. The charter will probably soon be 
surrendered. 

Marysville Lodge, No. 87, I. O. O. F., is the oldest secret organization in 
the county. It was instituted June 7, 1847, and the charter members wore 
John Cassil, S. A. Cherry, James Kinkade, W. T. Brophy, and John H. Smith. 
The lodge was instituted by Erastus Sheldon, District Deputy Grand Master. 
The officers were: John Cassil, N. G. ; S. A. Cherry, V. G. ; James Kinkade, 
Jr., R. S. ; William T. Brophy, Treasurer; John H. Smith, P. S. On the same 
night, Philip Snider, James M. Wilkinson, J. C. Doughty, Charles Rathbun 
and William E. Lee were initiated as members. At the nest meeting, June 
10, 1847, James M. Wilkinson was appointed R. S. N. G. ; Charles Rathbun, 
L. S. N. G. ; W. E. Lee, R. S. V. G.; J. C. Doughty, L. S. V. S. ; Philip Sni- 
der, Warden; J. C. Doughty, Conductor; John S. Smith, I. G. ; William T. 
Brophy, O. G. ; Philip Snider, Charles Rathbun, James Kinkade, Jr., Trust- 
ees. This organization has been continued to the present time, and the 
membership, December 12, 1882, was about 150. Several lodges have been 
partially formed from this, and some nearly entire. The library contains 323 
volumes. S. A. Cherry is the only one of the charter members of this lodge 
now living. The present officers are: B. Hanawalt, N. G.; E. B. Turner, 
V. G.; E. L. Price, Recording Secretary; L. G. English, Per. Sec; John H. 
Wood, Treasm'er. Mr. Wood has held this office several years. 

Marysville Encampment, No. 114, I. O. O. F., was chartered May 6, 1868, 
and instituted August lO following. The charter members were John Cas- 
sil, A. F. Wilkins, A. Morey, John P. Bauer, Thomas Turner, John Weaver, 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 61 

Jr.. Joseph H. Felkner. The encampment was instituted by Right Worthy 
Grand Scribe William M. Habbell. The first ofi&cers were: John Cassil, C. 
P. ; J. H. Felkner, H. P. ; Thomas Turner, S. W. ; A. F. Wilkins, Scribe (died 
in office); John P. Bauer, Treasurer; A. Morey, J. W. The present member- 
ship is about eighty, and the officers are: J. K. Taylor, C. P.; J. C. Burk- 
bile, H. P.; R. S. Bonnett. S. W.; D. H. Fry, Scribe; J. J. Morelock, Treas 
urer; J. M. Longbrake, J. W. 

Juniata Tribe, No. 94, Improved Order of Red Men, was instituted at the 
Hunting Gounds of Marysyille, Reservation of Ohio, on the sleep of the 18th 
Sun, Worm Moon, G. S. D. 388 — common year, March 18, 1879 — with twenty- 
two charter members. Its membership in December, 1882, was seyenty-six, 
and its officers were as follows: Prophet, J. Q. Richey; Sachem, A. Morey; 
Senior Sagamore, J. H. Smith; Junior Sagamore, J. D. Burkbile; Chief of 
Records, B. Newloye; Keeper of Wampum, B. C. Newloye. The first incum- 
bents of the same offices, in the order named, were B. Newloye, C. Wagner, J. 
D. Burkbile, H. N. Amrine, H. J. King and B. C. Newloye. 

Mary sville Lodge, No. 100, K. of P., was chartered May 24, 1877, the fol- 
lowing being the first officers and members: Noah Orr, P. C. ; Harry Gebbard, 
C. C; Adam Snider, V. C; J. H. Kinkade, P. ; S. N. McCloud, M. of E ; J. 
B. Couchman. M. of F.; C. F. Wilkins, K. of R. and S. ; Theodore Mullen, 
M. at A.;C. H. Carter, I. G.; AV. S. Smith, O. G.; J. J. Gledhill, James 
Smith, E. C. Myers, D. W. March, J. H. Willis, E. P. Rogers, G. Gibson. 
The present membership is about eighty, and the officers are: I. D. Buxton, 
P. C; R. H. Graham, C. C; John K Sellers, V. C; C. F. Turner, P.; C. L. 
Ousler, M. of E.; E. E. Cole, M. of F.; C. Stewart, K. of R. and S. ; George 
Heistand, M. at A. ; L. M. Webster, I. G. ; W. Weidman, O. G. 

Several building and loan associations have been organized at different 
times in Marysyille, which have been of great benefit. 

The Marysville Literary and Library Association was formed Friday even- 
ing, November ]5, 1867, and a committee appointed to draft constitution and 
by-laws. They performed their duty, and, on the evening of November 23, the 
articles were adopted; the organization was completed November 29, by the 
election of the following officers: Franklin Wood, President; W. S. Johnson, 
Vice President; A. J. Sterling, Treasurer; S. W. Dolber, Secretary; L. Piper, 
Librarian; A. J. Sterling, P. B. Cole, F. Wood, Executive Committee. 
Thursday evening, January 23, 1808, Fred Douglass delivered a lecture in 
Marysyille, having been brought here by this association, to whose benefit the 
net proceeds of the lecture were appropriated for the purchase of books. The 
association was incorporated February 17, 1868, and the following Trustees 
elected: P. B. Cole, Franklin Wood, O. M. Scott, William S. Johnson, John 
H. Shearer, L. Piper, A. James Sterling, James C. Wilkins, Edward Thomas. 
The " Marysville Library Association " was the name of the organized institu- 
tion, as adopted Jiily 21, 187-1:, when the following officers were chosen- P. 
B. Cole, President; F. Wood, Vice President; R. L. Woodburn, Secretary; 
William M. Liggett, Treasurer; H. W. Morey, Librarian; Andrew Steven- 
son, D. W. Henderson, L. Piper, Directors. The capital stock was fixed 
at 150 shares of $25 each; only about eighty shares were ever taken, 
although about 100 names appear on the record. Officers are elected 
annually. The present officers are: P. B. Cole, President, having 
held the position since 1874; Dr. I. N. Hamilton, Vice President; 
William M. Liggett, Treasurer; E. P. Blinn, Secretary; J. B. Whelpley, D. AV. 
Henderson, J. Van Pearse, Directors; J. Van Pearse, Librarian. The library 
contains about 1,000 vohimes, all of the better class of selections. Historical 
and biographical woi'ks form a prominent part feature of the library. From 



62 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

seventy-five to one hundred books are circulated weekly, and new ones are oc- 
casionally added. 

The Agassiz Scientific, Archceological and Historical Society of Marys- 
ville was organized March 7, 1879, and a week later the following o£6.cers were 
elected: Prof. J. W. Cole, President; J. H. Shearer, Vice President; Miss 
Anna Eoney, Eecording Secretary; E. E. Cole, Corresponding Secretary; L. 
Piper, Treasurer; Dr. I. N. Hamilton, Dr. D. W. Henderson, C. M. Kenton, 
Dr. J. W. Field, S. P. Mulford, Executive Committee. At the date of the 
second meeting, March 14, 1859, the membership was fifty-one. The object 
of the association was to acquire general information of value on all subjects. 
The work of collecting specimens, relics, etc., for the purpose of establishling 
a museum, was begun, and a large number and great variety of articles was 
soon on hand. The museum was placed in the east school building, and is an 
attractive feature to the visitor. The collection has been largely made by the 
pupils of the schools, who have taken great interest in the work. 

CEMETERIES. 

Just when the old cemetery in the limits of the corporation began to be 
used has not been ascertained. Steps were taken toward purchasing a new 
ground, and abandoning the old one, in October and November, ISIG, but 
nothing further was done until early in 1848. In March of that year, 6^ 
acres were purchased of the assignees of W. C. Malin, lying on the Marion 
road, north of town. This was traded to Mr. Zwerner, in the spring of 1863, 
for his lots adjoining the old cemetery, which was extended. On the 5tb of 
June, 1877, it was voted by the citizens of Marysville to raise by tax sufficient 
funds to purchase grounds for a new cemetery. The Council could not secure 
suitable grounds for a reasonable price, and, accordingly, July 22, 1878, they 
passed a resolution to appropriate apiece of ground known as the Dynes land, 
half a mile west of the corporation, between the Newton and Bellefontaine 
roads. The name, "Oakdale Cemetery," was given to the grounds. The tract 
contains thirty-nine acres, and is beautifully laid out. It was first improved 
in 1880, and dedicated on the 17th of June in that year. It already contains 
the remains of numerous persons, including some removed from other ceme- 
teries, and is an exceedingly pleasant resting place for the dead. In the old 
cemetery at Marysville rest many of the pioneer fathers and mothers of the 
place and its neighborhood. Numbers of the headstones are broken in pieces 
and fallen fiat, and others are so worn by the storms of years that the inscrip- 
tions upon them cannot be deciphered. The following list includes a large pro- 
portion of those whose remains are here buried, with date of death and age: 

John S. Fulton, died September 10, 1864, aged 75 years; Catharine, 
Maria Fulton, March 25, 1840, 12; Sally Ann, wife of Abram G. Davis, 
January 9, 1837, 21; Nathaniel Beecher, April 15, 1840, 30; MaryK., daughter 
of Moses and Mary A. Thompson, August 9, 1847, 22; Florence M., daughter 
of W. W. and Martha J. Woods, July 23, 1842, 2; Alexander (jribson, April 9, 
1842,52; Eobert Gibson, October 30, 1844, 28; EliasKelsey, September 5,1854, 
42; John Burns, December 22,1839, 46; Mary Magdalena,\is wife, August 27, 
1868, 76; David, son of J. and Sarah Curl, June 8, 1840, 1; John H., son of 
Alexander and Elizabeth Pollock, July 26, 1831, 4; Elizaboth, wife of A. 
Pollock, February 10, 1846, 44; Eodney Pickett, September 18, 3852, 52; 
Mary, his wife, July 13, 1869, 72; Cyprian Lee, September 24, 1854, 62; 
Elizabeth B. Coopei% Lis wife, January 7, 1830, 23; Mary S. Irwin, his second 
wife, October 11, 1858, 60; Mrs. Mavj Lee, March 21, 1842, 71; Mrs. Nancy 
Simmons, October 9, 1854, 70; Ann, wife of John Hawley, June 29, 1846, 63; 
Baty Hawley, March 14, 1838, 14; William Campbell, February 20, 1865, 66; 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 63 

Ann, his wife, August 9, 1860, 52; Samuel Teas, March 8, 1843, 74; Margaret, 
his wife, May 17, 1847, 69; Margaret, wife of Rev. W. D. Smith, October*23, 
1840, 34; Levi Phelps, November 27, 1863, 74; Lavina, wife of Forest Meeker, 
April 23, 1S62, 89; Auue Phelps, wife of Joseph Peck, August 18, 1853, 61; 
Angella, consort of James Turner, August 22, 1840, 26; Bill Welch, October 
31, 1859, 54; Amelia, his wife, May 20, 1853, 37; Alice B. Skinner, August 
19, 1851, 68; Mary J., wife of J. C. Duree, October 14, 1845, 22; William C. 
Lawrence, Esq., September 21, 1846, 42; Rev. James Smith, June 2, 1874, 
73; Matilda, his wife, November 3, 1852, 46; Samuel B. Johnson, June 17, 
1843, 52; Aurelia, wife of Rowland Lee, November 14, 1858, 46; Lucina, wife 
of Cyrus Partridge, October 4, 1850, 57; Dr. Neil, April 2, 1857, 58; Sally, . 
wife of Nathan Hartwell, July 26, 1845, 74; Sophronia S., wife of C. W. B. 
Allison, August 26, 1848, 22; Mary H., wife of William T. Brophy, October 
2, 1850, 27; James Weller, March 24, 1872, 73; Chambers Dynes, January 3, 
1857, 86; Somelia Dynes, December 31, 1856, 80; William Powl, April 15, 

1854, 39; James C. Dynes, March 6, 1854, 57; Jacob Ashbaugh, May 4, 1851, 
75; Sarah, wife of Rev. John AVilson, December 12, 18'73, 69; William 
Gregg, September 30, 1846, 61; Elvira D., wife of W. M. Gregg, November 
30, 1839, 18; William Wells, February 3, 1857, 77; Nancy, his wife, Septem- 
ber 27, 1842, 59; Malinda, wife of William M. Page, October 17, 1838, 29; 
Calvin Winget, November 4, 1840, 39; Cynthia, his wife, August 20, 1845, 
40; William Ward, January 17, 1848, 82; James L. Ward, December 26, 
1843, 36; Nancy Ward, August 9, 1855, 45; George D. Witter, August 13, 
1849, 25; Sally, wife of David Witter, June 13, 1838, 43; Martha Ann, wife 
of John Lundy, January 27, 1844, 19; Michael Mullin, March 15, 1836, 48; 
Stephen D. Mullin, April 28, 1834, 22; Letitia, his wife, September 28, 
1834, 22; Elizabeth, wife of Joseph Mullin, December 19, 1841, 50; 
James Carter, June 8, 1862, 48; Electa, wife of James Barbour, native 
of Bainbridge, N. Y., September 22, 1869, 70; John Weaver, Sr., 
April 23, 1880, 68; Elenor, wife of George Shape, September 2, 
1867, 05; Rev. James Ryan, March 14, 1868, 77; Philadelphia, wife of Ed- 
ward Weller, February 14, 1875, 66; Cornelius S. Hamilton, December [22, 
1867, 46; Louisa B., his wife. May 24, 1868, 43; John C. Hull, December 30, 
1872, 85; Jane T., his wife May 3, 1874, 84; Otway Curry, February' 15, 

1855, 51; Mrs. Mary Curry, April 21, 1856, 50; John Cassil, June 15, 1869, 
66; Thomas Snodgrass, April 21, 1880, 72; William Snodgrass, March 10, 
1842, 43; Benson Wilmeth, June 30, 1869, 73; William Alexander, February 
6, 1871, 94; F. K. F. Melching, February 26, 1870, 77; Judah Dodge, April 
23, 1869, 74; Thomas Turner, October 13, 1868, 59; David Robb, October 2, 
1869, 90, Mary, wife of David Rol»b. September 10, 1865, 55: Robert Turner, 
March 13, 1869, 87; John C. Filler/ April 3, 1864, 56; John W. Thompson, 
Februarv 16, 1875, 77; Laura Sabin, March 10, 1880, 79: Susannah Sabin, 
April 28, 1866 94; Joseph Kellogg, M. D., September 29, 1875, 81; Francis 
Bryant, August 20, 1877, 65; Matilda, consort of J. H. Shearer, March 26, 1865, 
45; John Robb, September 5, 1865, 73: Margaret E., his wife, August 26, 
1865, 65; D. D. Welsh, May 17, 1863, 45. 

Several victims of the great and bloody civil war found a resting place in 
this cemetery, principal among whom is Col. Joseph G. Hawkins, killed at the 
battle of Stone River, Tenn., December 31, 1862. A neat monument was 
erected as a "tribute of respect by the officers of his regiment and his fellow- 
citizens. " Col. Hawkins was only one of many who fell in that terrible four 
years' struggle, and who, in the sleep of patriot martyrs, " look proudly to 
heaven from the deathbed of fame." 



64 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

" Rest on, embalmed and sainted dead, 

Dear as the blood ye gave ; 
No impious footsteps here shall tread 

The herbage of your grave ; 
Nor shall your glory be forgot 

While Fame her record keeps, 
Or honor points the hallowed spot 

Where Valor proudly sleeps." 



/ r JAR IS TOWNSHIP. . t ^ 

Paris Township was constituted by act oi the Commissioners of Union 



County, March 12, 1821. Its bounds were then defined as follows: 

" Beginning at the northeast corner of Darby, running west three and 
one-half miles; thence north to the north boundary of said county; all west to 
the line of Union Township to be known by the name of Paris." As thus 
created, Paris included a large portion of the county, but by the formation of 
new townships its limits have been gradually contracted, until it now posses- 
ses little more territory than the average of the fourteen townships of this 
county. It is favorably located, in the south central portion of the county, 
and probably contains the center of population within its limits. Marysville 
is situated a little south of its center. The Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati 
& Indianapolis Eailroad enters from Dover Township on the east, pursues a 
westerly and southwesterly course, and leaves the township near the southwest 
corner. Mill Creek is the only stream of note. It enters from the north, 
flows almost directly south, to near the center of the township, and, by an 
ever tortuous course, proceeds eastwardly to Dover. The surface is usually 
level, and the soil of an excellent clay quality. The entire surface was densely 
timbered with the prevalent types of forest growth in this region at the com- 
ing of the pioneers, such as sugar, hickory, oak, beech, elm and walnut. 
The roads in this township are unexcelled in the county, and probably in the 
State. A dozen well-piked roads lead from Marysville in all directions. 

EARLY SETTLERS. 

The most important early settlement in what is now Paris Township was 
made in IS 17, by Abraham Amrine and his sons, in what is still known as the 
Amrine settlement, about two miles northwest of Marysville. So far as 
known, it was the first settlement made; assuredly the first permanent settle- 
ment. A few squattei's may have preceded the Amriues, in the occupancy of 
the soil of this township, but if so, all traces of them are lost. The Amriue 
family still has in its possession a considerable quantity of the survey upon 
which the original settler of this name settled sixty- six years ago. 

Abraham Amrine was born in Pennsylvania in the year 1701. His an- 
cestors had emigrated to America from Switzerland about the beginning of the 
eighteenth century. In 1785, Mr. Amrine married Mary Wolford, and in 
1801 removed from Pennsylvania, to near St. Clairsville, Belmont Co., Ohio. 
In 1817, he purchased from Samuel Davis, of Franklin County, the John 
Overton survey, of 750g acres. No. 4,000, which, however, contained nearly 
1,000 acres, paying for it $2 an acre. This was at that time a high price for 
wild land, but the survey was located on a bend of Mill Creek, and the rich 
bottom lands it contained enhanced its value above that of land less favorably 
situated. The same year he removed to it from Belmont County, with his six 
sons — John, Andrew, Moses, Frederick, Jeremiah and Abraham, Jr. — four of 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 65 

whom were married, and brought their families with them. Mr. Amrine's 
family consisted of seven sons and one daughter, the eldest of the family. 
The other son — Henry— -subsequently removed to Paris Township; the daugh- 
ter married Joseph Woi'ley, and lived near Wheeling, W. Va. 

Mr. A.mrine built his log cabin on the hill west of the Newton pike, where 
the bend is made in the road. To each of his boys he gave 100 acres of land, 
and the work of clearing the farms was at once commenced in earnest. They 
had few — if any — neighbors at first, but formed quite a colony among them- 
selves. They were a rugged, hardy people, fully fitted to cope with the diffi- 
culties and endvu'e the hardshij^s of their wildeimess homes. They were relig- 
ious, frugal and industrious, and soon had fruitful farms, while on all sides, 
for miles, was yet one deep, dense forest. Abraham Amrine, Sr. , died No- 
vember 14, 1849, at the ripe old age of eighty -eight years. His wife, Mary, 
had preceded him to the grave many years. She died in September, 1823, 
only six yeai's after their removal here, at the age of sixty-three years. 

John A.mrine, the eldest son, was born in 1787. In Belmont County, he 
married Drusie Worley. She died before the removal to Paris Township, 
and he was again married to Nancy Miller. By the first marriage his children 
were Andrew, Wesley, Willam, Sarah and Mary; , by the second, John, Julia Ann, 
Alexander, Maria, Harrison, Sylas and Roxa. 'He wars a lifelong farmer of 
this township, and died September 15, 1864, aged seventy-seven years. His 
wife, Nancy, died July 31, 1861, aged seventy-five years. 

Henry Amrine, the second son, was born in 1789. He did not move to 
this township till the fall of 1820. His father desired that -he should live in 
the same settlement with himself and his remaining sons, and offered him, as 
an inducement to move, 100 acres, upon which was a good mill site. He built 
his cabin in the green woods a few rods west of where the residence of Mrs. 
Elizabeth Amrine now stands. In 1822, he built the saw mill on the exact 
site of the present mill. It was one of the first mills erected on Mill Creek. 
In 1825, the grist mill was added. These mills remained in the possession of 
the Amrine family for more than fifty years. Henry Amrine had married 
Mary Powers, who was born near Richmond, Ya., September 2, 1785. Their 
children were John, Elizabeth. Josiah, Susan, Abraham, Mercy, Henry, Smith 
and Andrew. The first six were born in Belmont County, the last three here. 
Four are still living — John, in Piqua, Ohio; Susan, who became the wife of 
Samuel Reed, in Missouri; Henry and Andrew, in Paris Township. The wife, 
Mary, died in 1851, at the age of sixty-five years. Henry survived until the 
seventy-sixth year of his age. His death occurred August 12, 1864. 

Andi'ew Amrine, the third son of Abraham, was born in Pennsylvania in 
1791. He married Mercy Westlake, and had but one child, Sidy Ann. He 
was for many years Justice of the Peace, was a man of profound I'eligious 
chai-acter, and possessed more than ordinary intelligence. His eai'thly career 
was closed November 2, 1859, at the age of sixty- eight years. His wife, 
Mercy, died in 1864, aged seventy-one years. The only child. Sidy Ann, the 
wife of Zephaniah Reed, died in 1851, aged thirty-seven years. 

Moses Amrine, who was born in 1797, married Elizabeth Watkins. Their 
childi'en were Maha,la, Nancy, Sarah, Washington, Polly Ann, Annetta and 
Melissa. Moses Amrine remained a resident of Paris Township through life, 
and died November 6, 1874, at the age of seventy-eight years. His wife, 
Elizabeth, died in 1854. 

Frederick, Jeremiah and Abraham, Jr., the three younger boys, removed 
with their families to the West. Frederick married Rachel Burris, and their 
children were Keziah, George, Amos, Maria, Nancy and James. His wife, 
Rachel, died in 1827, at the early age of thirty-two years. 



66 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Jeremiah Amrine married Mary Shearer. Their children are Valentine 
and Polly Ann. The former of these resides in Troy, Ohio; the latter, now 
the wife of John Bellville, resides in Iowa. 

Abraham Amrine, Ji'., was married to Catharine McAdams, who died 
young. He then removed to Illinois, where he was killed by a heavily loaded 
wagon running over him. 

The Amrines were among the best, as they were the first, citizens of Paris 
Township. They nearly "all lived to a good age, and have left an impress upon 
the community for good, which cannot be effaced for a long time to come. 
They were earnest and consistent members of the Methodist Church, and the 
founders of religious life in this locality. In politics, they were strongly 
Whig; the descendants, it is said, without exception, are now Republican. 

Hezekiah Bates, a blacksmith, hailing fi'om New Jersey, came about 
1817, and settled on the W. H. Robb place, just north of Marysville. He resid- 
ed here for many years, and cleared up a portion of the farm, besides work- 
ing at his trade. He then removed to Madison County, Ind., where he died. 

John Donly was from Belmont County, and came to Paris Township 
with the Amrines, or soon after. His wife was Elizabeth Miller. He set- 
tled on the Amrine tract, east of the creek, and died years afterward in the 
township, leaving a posterity which is still represented here. 

A settlement was made about 1817 or 1818, on the site of Marysville and 
just north of it, by Jonathan Summers and Nathan and Eli Lundy. They 
came together from Fayette County. None of them purchased land. Mr. 
Summers built his cabin and cleared a patch for corn in what is now Marys- 
ville. He taught school a term about three-fourths of a mile to the west. In 
a few years, he returned to Ftiyette County with his family, and there died. 
Nathan Lundy selected a spot for his cabin just north of Marysville, and 
lived there six years; he then returned to Fayette County. Eli Lundy was a 
nephew to Nathan. He was born in Washington County, Penn., and came 
here fi-om Fayette County with his wife, Phoebe (McVay), and two children. 
He built a cabin on what is now the Clement place, just northwest of Marys- 
ville, remained here about five years, then I'emoved further east, near the fair 
grounds, where his uncle had lived. Four or five years later he came to Marys- 
ville, and for a time was engaged in keeping hotel. In 1844, he emigrated to 
Iowa, where he died. At the time of his departure, he was the happy 
parent of eleven children, who accompanied him to the West. 

Abraham Steiner came in 1811). He was born in Pennsylvania, and there 
acquired the weaver's trade. He lost his father when he waa quite small, and 
moved to Chillicothe, Ohio, with Col. Ambrose Meeker. He lived with him 
till the opening of the war of 1812, when Col. Ambrose went to the front, and 
Mr. Steiner removed to Madison County. He had married Elizabeth Lewis 
about 1807. While in Madison County, he received the false impression that 
by settling in Paris Township, and clearing a tract of land, 100 acres would 
be deeded to h im. Acting on the information, ho entered the township March 
25, 1819. He i-emained a week in a sugar camp on what is now the John 
Weaver place, south of Marysville, where James Beatley and Levin Gibson, 
then of Madison County, wex'e engaged in boiling sugar. He then continued 
eastward a few miles to Dover Township, and took up his abode in the cabin 
of Stephen DysarcC until June 11) following, by which time, with the assist- 
ance of the scattering settlers in Dover, he had built a cabin on what is now 
known as the Hawley place, nearly two miles east of Marysville, on the Dover 
pike. He at once moved into it, and remained there for twelve years, except 
two years spent at Urbana, engaged in clearing the land and in weaving. He 
then removed to Knox County, where he purchased a farm, and eight years 



TARIS TOWNSHIP. 67 

later to Clayton County, Iowa. He died there at the age of eighty-four years. 
He raised six children — Christian, Joseph, Mary (Sager), Catharine (Myers), 
Eliza Ann (Coulter) and Abraham. Only two are now living in Union 
County — Christian in Dover Township, Catharine at Peoria. Mr. Steiner was 
a Democrat in politics, of German descent, and for a time a Methodist, after- 
ward a Baptist. When he came, in 1819, no cabin stood between his and 
Jonathan Summers' at the site of Marysville, and the few scattering settlers 
were all squatters, except the Amrines. 

At various points along Mill Creek, cabins were erected, and small clear- 
ings made, by persons called squatters, who settled upon the land only tem- 
porarily, and without any intention of acquiring a title to it. This class of 
settlements was almost the only kind for some years. The sojourn of the 
squatters was usually brief. They enjoyed best that free and easy life to be 
found on the extreme frontier, where their wants were few and easily sup- 
plied, and as incoming settlements encroached upon their freedom, many of 
them took up their few worldly effects and sought new homes deeper in the 
solitudes of undistui'bed natiu'e. Their stay was generally so transient that 
few traces were left of their occupancy. Their politics was generally Demo- 
cratic; their religion, not strongly marked. A few squatters afterward pur- 
chased land here and became permanent settlers. 

Levin Gibson, in the fall of 1819, settled on what is now the John W. 
Robinson place, just northeast of Marysville. He was born in Virginia, mar- 
ried Rachel Insley, of New Jersey, at Chillicothe, and removed to Madison 
County, whence he came here. He had six children — Ruth (Steiner), Tjydia 
(Wilmuth), Robert of Marysville, Susan (Little) and Sarah (Snodgrass), of 
Marysville, and William, who died in the army. Mr. Gibson was a lifelong 
farmer, but did not acquire any land in his own name. 

Joel Hinkle, about 1818, brought a drove of hogs from Clark County, to 
range along Mill Creek. They belonged to Henry Van Meter, of Springfield, 
and Judge Reynolds, of Urbana. He built a cabin on the Robiason place, 
northeast of Marysville, bu^ remained in it only a year. Elijah Holloway, 
from Ross County, then took possession of the cabin and occupied it for a short 
time, but, tiring of this county, he returned to Ross. Lemuel Godfrey was 
the next temporary occupant of the little cabin. He, too, hailed from Ross 
County, and after tai'rying here for a few years, departed for the State of 
Iowa. William Shelpman, from Ross County, in the fall of 1819, settled on 
Mill Creek and died there. William Worley, from the same county, was 
another squatter. John Streets lived for awhile in the bend of the creek, 
just north of Marysville. Sampson Hubbell, lived for a few years, commenc- 
ing about 1820, two and one-half miles west of Marysville. He owned no prop- 
erty, and moved West. Joseph Bell built a cabin on the Robert Belt farm, 
northeast of Marysville. He was from Ross County, and stayed only a short 
time. George Cline, from Madison County, about 1821 settled on the Daniel 
Longbrake farm. The locality was known in early times as "Cline's Bottoms." 
He remained till the land was sold, then retui'ned to Madison County. James 
Bradley, a local Methodist preacher, came from Ross County in 1819, and took 
possession of a cabin site in the eastern part of the township, but acquired no 
property there. He afterward moved to Hardin County, and bought a small 
farm, on which he died. His son, Martin, married Elizabeth Wilmuth, and 
moved to Missouri. Joseph Russell, in 1819, settled on the John B. Weller 
place, on the eastern line of the township. He emigrated from New Jersey to 
London, Madison County, there married Mrs. Nancy Reeves and came here. 
He afterward removed to the West. 

John Bax'ker, about 1818, settled in Survey -1,074, three or four miles 



68 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

nortliwest from Marysville. He was originally from Virginia; had married 
Mary Hoyt in Pennsylvania. Some time after he came, he sold JOO acres on 
the north side of Mill Creek to Samuel Westlake and removed to the Amrine 
farm. His wife died October 28, 1853. Mr. Barker died near Lewisburg in 
1870, aged seventy-three years. He had a family of twelve children, some of 
whom still reside in this township. 

Jonathan Brooks was one of the earliest citizens of the township. He 
owned no property, and resided on the Amrine settlement. He was an earnest 
Methodist and a well respected man. 

George Westlake, a native of Maryland, came, with his wife Mercy, from 
Belmont County in 1821. He was at this time well advanced in life. He 
had raised a large family of children, most of whom had married before he 
removed to this township. His daughter Mercy was the wife of Andrew 
Amrine, and he lived on his farm. Another daughter, Mrs. John Elliott, 
afterward removed to this township. Mr. and Mrs. Westlake were members 
of the Methodist Church, and both died in extreme old age at their home in 
this township. 

Samuel Westlake the son of George and Mercy Westlake, moved from 
Belmont County in October, 1826, and settled on a small farm of fifty acres in 
the southeast corner of Survey 4,071, several miles northwest of Marysville. 
It was wholly covered with forest when he came, and a spot was cleared as a 
site for the little cabin, which he at once built and moved into. Afterward, 
when he was felling the timber, close by, it became necessary for the safety of 
his family that they leave the cabin, as there was danger of trees falling across 
it and crushing it in. Mr. Westlake was a farmer and a shoe-maker, and pur- 
sued both avocations. He was a Methodist and a Democrat. His wife was 
Elizabeth Eeed, who died in 1851. Mr.' Westlake attained the age of eighty- 
five years. He had eleven children, two of whom remained in Belmont County 
after his departure, but subsequently followed him to Paris Township. They 
were: Josiah, of this township; Nancy, wife of Henry Jordan, of Allen Town- 
ship; Samuel, of Kansas; Zephaniah, who died here; James, of Delaware 
County; George, who died in Missouri; Elizabeth, wife of Wesley Amrine, of 
Marysville; Mercy, who died unmarried; Richard, of Missouri; Mary, who 
married Thomas Peacock, and is now deceased; and William, of Missouri. 

John and George Howser, brothers, from Licking County, were among 
the earliest settlers. They occupied farms on Survey 5,138, north of the Am- 
rine settlement. After a residence here of considerable length, they I'oruoved 
to Hardin County and purchased land on which Kenton has since been built. 

Lemuel, Joseph and William Wilmuth, three brothers, were early settlers. 
William Wilmuth was born in Maryland, and emigrated to Ross County, Ohio; 
thence he removed to Paris Township, in 1820 or 1821, and settled on Mill 
Creek, northeast of Marysville. He was a farmer, but owned no land here. 
His wife was Susan Carr, who bore him a large family of children. His 
brother-in-law, Reuben Carr, accompanied him here from Ross County. He 
was a bachelor, and made his home with the Wilmuths until his death, about 
1840. Soon after, Mr. Wilmuth removed to Hardin County, and bought a farm 
close by Kenton. Later in life, he moved to Missouri, where he died. Lemuel 
and Joseph Wilmuth settled south of Marysville. Lemuel died in Hardin 
County. Joseph moved to Missouri, and finished his earthly course in that 
State. 

Adam Wolford, in 1821, settled north of Marysville, near the fair 
grounds. His boyhood was spent in Guernsey County. He removed to Knox 
County, and there married Catharine Wolford several years prior to his re- 
moval to Paris Township. By trade and occupation he was a carpentei-, and 




Jm MM ^M. 



2-tv£::> 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 71 

soon settled in Marysville, where be died June 10, 1863, aged sixty-five 
years. 

Elijah Wolford, distantly related to Adam Wolford, moved to the town- 
ship a few years later, from Belmont County. He was a farmer, and first set- 
tled in the Amrine neighborhood; then two and one-half miles north of Marys- 
ville, on the Pharisburg road, where he died. 

Jacob Parthemore, about 1820, shortly after his marriage to Sarah Thorn- 
ton, settled in the extreme southwestern part of the township He is of Ger- 
man descent, and formerly resided in the southern part of the county. 

Tobias Bigler came to the township in 1825. He was born in Berks 
County, Penn., in 1805, of German parentage. In 1809, he emigrated to Lick- 
ing County with his parents, and the year following they removed to Fairfield 
County, where Tobias remained until he came here. In January, 1827, he 
married Miss Sarah Amrine, the daughter of John Amrine. He purchased 
100 acres of woodland northwest of Marysville, paying for it $450. As this was 
cleared, he added more to it. After the decease of his wife, he was re-united 
in marriage with Nancy Burrows. By his first marriage he had twelve chil- 
dren, eight of whom are now living — Samuel, Mary A., Andi*ew, John, Eliza, 
Daniel, Harrison and James M. ; by the second he has but one child, Nelson 
H. Mr. Bigler is still a resident of the township. 

In 1828, John Elliott became a citizen of Paris. He was born in Mary- 
land, and previous to his settlement here had lived in Belmont and Adams 
Counties, and had married Hannah Westlake. Within a few years after he 
came, he was the owner of a farm of 200 acres in the noi-thwestern part of the 
township, where he passed the remainder of his life. In earlier life, he was 
an ardent Methodist, but he afterward was one of the prime movers in the 
organization of the United Brethren Church. His politics were Democratic. 
Mr. Elliott was twice married. By the first marriage he had two children, by 
the last ten, many of whom still live in Paris Township. 

About 1827, William Gregg, of Ross County, purchased and settled on a 
small farm in Survey 1,913, now owned by Tobias Bigler. He died at Marys- 
ville. 

Hezekiah Burdick was an early settler on Mill Creek, in the eastern part 
of the township. He afterward removed to Richwood, opening the first store 
in that village. 

David Dickson was an early settler in the eastern part of the township. 
He had previously lived in Mill Creek Township. 

James Richey, John Sovereign, Coats Thornton, William Wells and Will- 
iam Youst were also early settlers. Mr. Richey was a Virginian. He located 
east of Marysville, on the farm now owned by Harvey Wood. He removed to 
Delaware County, near Millville. John Sovereign came from Madison County. 
He lived, for a time, northeast of Marysville, on the Robinson farm; then re- 
moved to Leesburg Township, where he purchased land and died. Coats 
Thornton was from Virginia He afterward resided in Marysville. Mr. Wells 
came from Belmont County about 1828. He bought and occupied a small 
place on Survey 1,913, and afterward removed to Marysville, where he died, 
William Youst was a squatter, and came here very early. He was a Virginian, 
and had lived in Greene County before coming to Paris Township. He occu- 
pied a place north of the Amrine settlement, but soon departed for parts 
unknown. 

THE BLOCK-HOUSE. 

On the Powers place, in Survey 5,736, a block-house was erected in 1812, 
by the settlers in the southern part of what is now Union and liiose in Madison 
County, as a defense against threatened Indian attacks from the north. It 



72 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

stood east of Edward Powers' residence, near the west bank of Mill Creek, in 
the path of an Indian trail, which passed north and south. The block-house 
was made of hewn logs, and its dimensions were probably fifteen by twenty- 
four feet. It was two stories in height, and on all sides were small port holes, 
about four inches square. For about two weeks after this means of defense 
was hastily constructed, it was strongly garrisoned by the settlers from below, 
as it was believed the expected Indian descent would be made by way of this 
trail, which was their usual route in traveling south. At last the rumor 
gained currency that the savages were about to invade the settlements below 
from another direction, and the occupants of the fort precipitately left it and 
retiu'ned to their defenseless families. No hostile Indians, however, ever ap- 
peared in this vicinity. The block-house was afterward occupied as a dwel- 
ling. 

CHURCHES. 

" One of the greatest sources of anxiety to the older Amrines was how to 
bring up their children suiTOunded by proper religious influences. It was 
finally resolved to organize a church here in the woods, and in 1821 the Amrine 
Church was organized. They had been members of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church in Belmont County, and for several years they were about the only 
members of the church here. Andrew was the fh'st leader and steward, and 
was a leader almost continually to the time of his death. John and Jeremiah 
were also leaders for many years. This point was at first a part of the London 
Circuit, and its pastors were Rev. George W. Maley and Rev. Aaron Wood. 
Afterward came Richard Brandriff, Rev. Shaw and many other circuit riders 
of pioneer days, when a circuit was two or three hundred miles around, and 
the preachers traveled on horseback with the old saddlebags behind them, and 
when, in their lonely travels, they were often soaked by the drenching rain, 
pelted by the rattling hail, or blinded and frozen by the driving snow; when 
the hungry wolf often gave him chase, and the growling bear was heard by 
the way. Often, very often, when the preacher was expected, has the good 
woman of the house sat up till late in the night, to have ready for him a warm 
supper after the weary day's journey. " 

As new settlers located in the neighborhood the membership became 
stronger, for nearly every one in that day near this settlement united with 
the class. Among the earliest members, besides the Amrines, were the West- 
lakes, John Donly, who was class leader for awhile, George Houser, also class 
leader, John Houser and Jonathan Brooks. The services were held at the 
cabin of Andrew Amrine, until a round-log cabin was erected a few rods south 
of where the church now stands. This old log building was also used as a 
schoolhouse. The earliest teachers were Mr. Williams, George Snodgrass and 
Peyton Smith. It was destroyed by fii'e, and a hewed-log church was erected 
on what is now a part of the Amrine Cemetery. The present Amrine Church, 
one and one-half miles northwest of Marysville, was built in 1853, and dedi- 
cated on Sunday, August 28, 1853, by Rev. S. M. Merrill. The membership 
is not as strong now as it was years ago. The charge is attached to the New- 
ton Circuit. Rev. Littell is the present pastor. A Sabbath school was oi'gan- 
ized about 1828, by Rev. Shaw. It is still maintained. 

Mount Zion United Brethren Church is located about three miles north- 
west of Marysville. The society was organized here nearly forty years ago 
Its membership was drawn largely from the Methodist Church. Rev. Fred- 
erick Hendricks first preached at the house of Samuel Elliott. He was fol- 
lowed by Rev. Snell. Soon after. Rev. William Miller organized the society. 
Among the earliest members were Samuel Elliott, Mrs. Elizabeth Elliott, John 
Elliott, Sally Beightler, Charity Moore, Emma Moore, Lydia Moore, and 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 73 

Weldon and Jane Elliott. A frame church was soon erected on a lot donated 
to the society by Samiiel Elliott. It remained the place of worship until 
1876, when the present church was ei'ected. It is about 36x40 feet in size and 
cost about $850. It was dedicated November 26, 1876, by Bishop Weaver. 
It was, at the time, completely finished, including furniture, carpets and bell, 
and was dedicated free of all indebtedness. The membership is now about 
sixty. Rev. R. G. Montgomery is the pastor in charge. A successful Sabbath 
school has been mantained for many years. 

St. John's (German) Evengelical Lutheran Church had a house of worship 
on the extreme southern line of Paris Township for a number of years, but 
subsequently abandoned it and removed to Darby Township. In the history 
of this latter township an account of this church may be found. 

ELECTIONS. 

The first election held in Paris Township, was for the selection of a Jus- 
tice of the Peace, September 29, 1821. Nathan Lundy, Hezekiah Bates and 
Andrew Amrine were the Judges, and Ralph R. Phelps and Andrew Wood- 
rough, Clerks. Thirteen votes were cast, of which William Wilmuth received 
nine and Mathias Collins four. At the State election in the following month, 
only eleven votes were cast. Nicholas Hatheway for Representative, Levi 
Phelps for County Auditor and Robert Nelson for County Commissioner re- 
ceived the entire vote. 

The following is a complete abstract of the vote of the township for Gov- 
ernor. 

1822— Jeremiah Morrow, 19. 

1824--Jeremiah Moitow, 3; Allen Trimble, 29; total, 32. 

1826— John Bigger, 3; Allen Trimble, 30; total, 33. 

1828— John W. Campbell, 15; Allen Trimble, 27; total, 42. 

1830 — Duncan McArthur, 48; Robert Lucas, 15; total, 63. 

1832 — Darius Lyman, Whig, 34; Robert Lucas, Democrat, 50; total, 84. 

1834 — James Finley, Whig, 57; Robert Lucas, Democrat, 33; total, 90. 

1836 — Joseph Vance, Whig, 143; Eli Baldwin, Democrat, 70; total, 
213. 

1838 — Joseph Vance, Whig, 89; Wilson Shannon, Democrat, 82; total, 
171 

1840 — Thomas Corwin, Whig, 128; Wilson Shannon, Democrat, 80; 
total, 208. 

1842 — Thomas Corwin, AVhig, 103; Wilson Shannon, Democrat, 87; 
Leicester King, Abolitionist, 9; total, 199. 

1844— Mordecai Bartley, Whig, 112; David Tod, Democrat, 117; Lei- 
cester King, Abolitionist, 3; total, 232. 

1846— William Bebb, Whig, 117; David Tod, Democrat, 114; Samuel 
Lewis, Abolitonist, 4; total, 235. 

1848— Seabury Ford, Whig, 149; John B. Weller, Democrat, 117; scat- 
tering, 2; total, 266. 

1850 — William Johnson, Whig, 156; Reuben Wood, Democrat, 118; 
Edward Smith, Abolitionist, 5; total, 289. 

18 51 — Samuel F. Vinton, Whig. 148; Reuben Wood, Democrat, 129; 
Samuel Lewis, Abolitionist, 8; total, 285. 

1853— Nelson BaiTere, Whig, 162; William Medill, Democrat, 135; 
Samuel Lewis, Abolitionist, 34; total, 331. 

1855 — S. P. Chase, Fusionist, 171; William Medill, Democrat, 136; Allen 
Trimble, Know Nothing, 31; total, 338. 

1857 — S. P. Chase, Republican, 117; H. B. Payne, Democrat, 163; P. 
Van Trump, Know Nothing, 50; total, 330. 



74 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

1859 — William Dennison, Republican, 135; R. P. Ranney, Democrat, 
196; total, 331. 

1861 — David Tod, Republican, 241; H. J. Jewett, Democrat, 149; total, 
390. 

1863— John Brough, Republican, 271; C. L. Vallandigham, 192; total, 
463. 

1865— J. D. Cox, Republican, 259; George W. Morgan, Democrat, 207; 
total, 466. 

1867— R. B. Hayes, Republican, 267; A. G. Thurman, Democrat, 281; 
total, 548. 

1869— R. B. Hayes, Republican, 287; G. H Pendleton, Democrat, 288; 
total, 575. 

1871— E. F. Noyes, Republican, 325; " George W. McCook, Democrat, 
272; Gideon T. Stewart, Prohibitionist, 2; total, 599. 

1873— E. F. Noyes, Republican, 241; William Allen, Democrat, 302; 
Isaac C. Collins, Liberal Republican, 20: G. T. Stewart, Prohibitionist, 57; 
total, 620. 

1875 -R. B. Hayes, Republican, 370; William Allen, Democrat, 370; 
total, 74(). 

1877— William H. West, Republican, 386; R. M. Bishop, Democrat, 403; 
H. A. Thompson, Prohibitionist, 20: scattering, 1; total, 810. 

1879— Charles Foster, Republican, 464; Thomas Ewing, Democrat, 425; 
Gideon T. Stewart, Prohibitionist, 21; total, 910. 

1881 — Charles Foster, Republican, 481; J. W. Bookwalter, Democrat, 
394; A. R. Ludlow, Prohibitionist, 35; total, 910. 

In 1876, Rutherford B. Hayes received, for President, 418 votes; Samuel 
J. Tilden received 395; Prohibition vote, 3; total, 816. 

In 1880, James A. Garfield, Republican, received 516; Winfield S. Han- 
cock, Democrat, 421; Neal Dow, Prohibitionist, 9; total, 946. 

The Justices of the Peace in and for Paris Township, with their respect- 
ive dates of commission, are as follows: 

William Wilmuth, September 29, 1821; Andrew Amrine, July I, 1824; 
Silas G. Strong. March 30, 1825; Andrew Amrine, July 31, 1827; Ira Wood, 
March 20, 1828; Ira Wood, March 19, 1831; Andrew Amrine, September 19, 
1836; Ira Wood, April 15,1837; James Turner, August 21,1837; William H., 
Frank and Aquilla Turner, October 7, 1839; James Turner, June 23, J 840; 
William H. Fi-ank and Acpiilla Turner, October 8, 1812; James Turner, July 
15, 1843; George W. Cherry, January 13, 1844; James M. Wilkinson, No- 
vember 6, 1841; Joshua Marshall, November 15, 1845; James Turner, June 2, 
1846; James M. Wilkinson, November 17, 1847; Joshua Marshall, November 
11, 1848; James Turner, June 9, 1819, resigned October 25, 1851; James 
Miller, November 23, 1850; John B. Coats and William Smith, November 22, 
1851; John Barbour, November 18, 1853, resigned March 22, 1856; William 
Smith and Robert Turner, November 25, 1854; George Lincoln, April 18, 
1856; John B. Coats and Seth McMahill, November 21. 1857; William H. 
Robb, October 26, 1858; James D. Smith, October 18, 1859; Seth McMahill, 
December 10, 1860; A. F. Wilkins and William M. Robinson, January 30, 
1862; Seth McMahill, December 17, 1863, resigned September 21, 1866; A. 
F. Wilkins, John N. Rathbun and M. C. Lawrence, January 14, 1865; John 
Cassil, April 11, 1867; A. F. Wilkins, February 1, 1868; Wesley Garrard, 
April 14, 1808; William M. Robinson, October 22, 1869; A. F. Wilkins and 
Wesley Garrard, April 6, 1871; Tabor Randall, April 11, 1873; A. F. Wil- 
kins and Wesley Garrard, April 13, 1874; Hemy King and W. M. Robinson, 
April 10, 1876; Wesley Garrard, April 12, 1877; Edward E. Cole and Henry 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 75 

J. King, April 11, 1879; Wesley Garrard, April 17, 1880; John H. Kinkade 
and W. M. Winget, April 14, 1882. 

SURVEYS. 

The original surveys that are included within the limits of Paris Township, 
together with their respective areas, location, original owners, surveyors and 
dates of survey, are as follows: 

No. 1913, 800 acres, about two miles northwest of Marysville; Thomas 
Kennon, assignee; surveyed by Joseph Kerr May 31, 1802. 

Nos. 2,254 and 2,256, 1,000 acres each, southeast part of the township; 
Edward Dowse, assignee; surveyed by Nathaniel Massie August 21, 1798. 

Nos. 3,350 3,351 and 3,354, 1,087 acres each, in the eastern and central 
part of the township, the latter two including the site of Marysville; Edward 
Dowse, assignee, original proprietor; surveyed August 22 and 23, 1798, by 
Nathaniel Massie. 

Nos. 3,352 and 3,353, 800 acres each, northeast of Marysville; Edward 
Dowse, assignee; siu^veyed August 22, 1798, by Nathaniel Massie. 

No. 4,066, 750 acres, north of Marysville; John Overtoa, original pro- 
prietor; surveyed October 20, 1801, by Joseph Kerr. 

No. 4,069, 1,000 acres, south of Marysville; Elizabeth Rickman, widow 
of Dr. William Rickman, original proprietor; surveyed October 24, 1801, by 
Joseph Kerr. 

No. 4,072, 600 acres, in the northeast part of township; Elizabeth Rick- 
man, proprietor; sm'veyed by Joseph Kerr, May 31, 1802. 

No. 4,073, 066f acres, northwest corner of township; Elizabeth Rickman, 
proprietor; surveyed October 29, 1801, by Joseph Kerr. 

No. 4,074, 600 acres, in northwest part of township; Benjamin Biggs, 
assignee, proprietor; surveyed by Joseph Kerr, October 25, 1801. 

No. 4,075, 666f acres, in northwest part of township; Benjamin Biggs, 
assignee, proprietor; surveyed October 29, 1801, by Joseph Kerr. 

No. 5,006, 200 acres, in southwest part of township ; Bazaleel Morris, pro- 
prietor; surveyed November 5, 1807, by James Galloway. 

No. 5,053, 126 acres, in southwest part of township; Peter Manifold, as- 
signee, proprietor, surveyed October 18, 1807, by Duncan McArthur. 

No. 5,136, 800 acres, on north line of township; John Pride, heir-at-law 
of William Pride, proprietor; svirveyed January 23, 1807, by James Gallo- 
way. 

No. 5,138, 666§ acres, in northern part of township; Baylor Hill, proprie- 
tor, surveyed by James Galloway, January 7, 1807. 

No. 5,140, 433| acres, in southeast corner of township; Richard C. An- 
derson, assignee, proprietor; surveyed February 19, 1807, by James Gallo- 
way, Jr. 

No. 5,141 100 acres, in southeast corner of township; William Steele, 
proprietor; surveyed April 19, 1817, by James Galloway, Jr. 

Nos. 5,292 and 12,398, 440 acres, in southwest part of township; James 
Galloway, proprietor; surveyed by James Galloway, November 6, 1833. 

No. 5,390, 666 1 acres, northeast corner of township; Robert Means, as- 
signee, proprietor, surveyed by James Galloway, Jr. , May 26, 1807. 

No. 5,392, 642 acres, northeast part of township; Robert Means, assignee, 
proprietor; surveyed by James Galloway, Jr., May 28, 1807. 

No. 5,416, 500 acres, west of Marysville; Nathan Lamme, proprietor; 
surveyed December 20, 1807, by James Galloway. 

No. 5,503, 540 acres, on north line of township; Robert Means, assignee, 
proprietor; surveyed by James Galloway, Jr., July 30, 1807. 



76 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

No. 5,728, 1,567 acres, on west line of township; Robert Means, assignee, 
proprietor; surveyed February 24, 1808, by James Galloway, Jr. . 

No. 1,200, 44 acres, in southwest part of township; Robert Means, as- 
signee, proprietor; surveyed December 18, 1823, by James Galloway, Jr. 

No. 12,314, 90 acres, in southwest corner of township; William Withers, 
proprietor; surveyed by Duncan Mc Arthur, October 22, 1824. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

ABRAHAM AMRINE (deceased), an old and highly respected pioneer of Union County, was 
born March 13, 1818, and died June 24, 1878. He was the third son of Henry and Mary Amrine, 
who came to Union County in 1821. . He passed his boyhood and early life on his father's farm, 
and assisted him in clearing it up. September 12, 1839, he was united in marriage to Miss Nancy 
Mackelfish, a native of Pickaway County, where she was born, April 26, 1818. Her parents, 
George and Malinda Mackelfish, came to this county in 1833, and settled near Rich wood, where 
they both ended their days; the former died August 25, 1861, and the latter April 16, 1860. 
Mr. and Mrs. Amrine were the parents of eleven children, of whom six are living: Mary M., 
wife of John Neulove; Sarah E., wife of Oliver Shaw ; Elsworth, married Elizabeth Johnson; • 
Henry N., married Sarah E. Wells, Martha E., wife of Lewis Bonnette, and Abraham, who mar- 
ried Ora Lee. In 1839, Mr. Amrine purchased 103 acres of the farm he left at his death. It 
was in its primeval state when he settled on it, which was in the fall of 1839. By earnest and 
constant labor he cleared up his farm to a cultivated state, and made additions, till he became 
the owner of 406 acres of valuable land, oa which he made most of the improvements. He em- 
barked in life with small means, and in the vvoods ; but by his untiring industry, economy and 
good business management he accumulated large property. He displayed a lively interest in all 
religious and educational matters. He aud wife were members of the Marysville M. E. Church, 
with which church he was identified for over forty-two years. He served in the capacity of class 
leader for eighteen years. He aided liberally in the erection of the M. E. Church of Marysville, 
witri which he was associated till his death. 

HENRY N. AMRINK, fiirmer, P. 0., Marysville, son of Abraham aud Nancy Amrine, was born 
on the homestead April 17, 1851. He was brought up to farming, and has always pursued that 
avocation, in connection with keeping thoroughbred Spanish Merino sheep, which he has fol- 
lowed the last five years with fine success, ilis marriage occurred October 3, 1872, with Miss 
Sarah E. Wells, a native of Licking County, where she was born February 11, 1852. Her parents 
were Joseph and Mary Wells. Five children were the issue of this union : Mary 0., Nancy C, 
Alice G., Henry C, and an infant daughter, deceased. Mr. Amrine owns a well improved firm 
of ninety-one acres. He is identified with the society of K. of P. and I. 0. of R. M. Politically, 
he is a Republican. Mr. A. is a member of the M. E. < hurch. 

HENRY AMRINE, a prominent farmer of Paris Township, was born on the old Amrine home- 
stead November 'A\, 1821. He is a son of Abram and Mary Amrine, and a grandson of , 

who were among the earliest pioneers of Pa"is Township, and whose history is given in the gen- 
eral history of the township. Mr. Amrine is the fourth son and seventh child of ten children. 
He passed his early life on his father's new and forest-like farm, and received his training in the 
common schools of the county. In 1842, soon after his marriage, he located on 100 aftres of 
land, whicti now constitute a part of his extensive farm. His marriage occurred April 26, 1842, 
to Miss Martha Irvin, daughter of William and Amelia (Evans) Irvin. The former came from 
Ireland with liis parents some time prior to the Revolutionary war. His father was a soldier in 
that war, and received wounds from which he died a short time after its close. Mrs. Irvin was 
born in Staunton, Va.; her parents were natives of Wales, and also emigrated to America 
before Revolutionary days. Mrs. Amrine is a native of Madison County, Ohio ; was born April 
14, 1820. Mr. and ^Irs. Amrine were blessed wiih three children, two of whom are living, viz. : 
Alfred, born F'ebruary 7, 1843, marrie 1 January 12, 1869, to Miss Lucy Edson, and have two 
children — Nellie and ('urtis ; Mnry A., the youngest child was born January 22, 1849, and was 
married November 1, 1868, to 11. H. Whelpley ; they have two children— Edwin and J^imes. 
Asbury L., the second child, was born July 14, 1845, and died November 14, 1848. Mr. and Mrs. 
Amrine started in life together, like many of their pioneer cotemporaries, in limited circum- 
stances and with few advantages. The farm on which they settled was largely and heavily tim- 
bered at the time, and it was through the strongest exertions that tliey overcame the many diffi- 
culties and obstacles of tlieir pioneer life, and acquired for themselves a competence. By their 
active energy and industry they have accumulated large and valuable property, their farm con- 
sisting of over 700 acresof well improved land, besides largeherds of live stock. In these years of 
their existence their lives have not been given wholly to the accumulation of wealth ; they have 
displayed a deep and active interest in the religious and educational institutions of the county 
and State. For many years they have been prominently identified with the Old Amrine M. E. 
Church and its missions. They are among the largest contributors to the Ohio Wesleyati Univer- 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 77 

sity, having bestowed about $30,000 on that institution. Of late years Mr. Amrine has devoted 
his attention to raising fine eheep and horses, and has been successful in that avocation. His 
political affiliations have always been with the Republican party. 

WILLIAM P. ANDEKSON, druggist, Marysville. This gentleman was born in Mont- 
gomery County, Pa., .January ol, 1835. His parents, John and Sarah (Price) Anderson, 
were natives and residents of that county Being left an orphau at the age of five years, under 
the old law of Pennsylvania, was bound out to learn the saddler's trade, and when but twelve 
years old, had made everything in the liarness line, from a whip to a saddle ; at the age of thir- 
teen, engaged at farm work ; between the ages of fifteen and twenty-one. learned both tailoring 
and cabinet-making. The subject of this sketch came to Ohio in 1856, locating in Lancaster, 
Ohio, where for a short time he worked at the carpeater's trade. In 1857, was appointed one 
of the officers of the Ohio Penitentiary, then under the Wardenship of John Ewing, of Chilli- 
cothe ; resigned in 1858, and in connection with his brother-in-law, John H. Shearer, came to 
Marysville, Ohio, the same year, and engaged in the publication of the Marysville Tribune, and 
was also appointed Deputy Sheriff" under Gen. A. Wiley. In 1861, was appointed Postmaster 
under President Lincoln's administration. Early in 1863, was appointed Deputy Provost Mar- 
shall for the Eighth Congressional District, resigned both positions inl863, and enlisted in the 
Ninth Ohio Independent Cavalry, known as the President's Escort, or Union Light Guards. 
Shortly after arriving in Washington, D. C , was detailed by Col. Wisewell, Military Governor 
of the District, for clerical duty on general and -regular court martials. Subsequently, by 
special order of Secretary of War Stanton, was transferred to the War Department proper and 
assigned to duty in the Briefing Department, where, soon after, he was placed in charge of the 
briefers, which position he held until mustered out with the command. At the organization of 
the Thirty-ninth Congress, December, 1865, received the first appointment as one of the officers 
of House post office. During the last session of the Thirty ninth Congress, served as private 
secretary to Capt. Ira Goodno, Door-keeper of the House. In the Fortieth Congress, was ap- 
pointed one of the officers in (he Door-keeper's Department, and remained in the service until 
1875, when he resigned. During his service in the War Department he briefed the last docu- 
ment ever signed by President Lincoln. In the fall of 1875 he engaged with a house in Colum- 
bus as a commercial traveler until 1879, when he purchased the interests of J. J. Gledhill in 
the drug business in this city. John W., his son, having practical experience, is associated with 
him. Major Anderson, as our subject is familiarly known, is a member of the Ohio State Phar- 
maceutical Association, Mustering Officer of the Fifteenth District of Ohio G. A. R., and has 
taken all the degrees of Masonry in the York and A.-. A.-. Scottish Rites, excepting the 33d. 
He has served as member of the City Council, and has always taken an active part in public 
affairs, and strongly attached to the interests of the Republican party. He was married Feb- 
ruary, 1858, to Miss Martha A. Kishler, daughter of John Kishler, late of Somerset, Perry Co., 
Ohio. John Willis and Emma E. are the fruits of this union. 

F. T. ARTHUR, merchant, Marysville. Charles and Harriet A. (Mealey) Arthur, the 
parents of our subject, were both natives of Maryland, and migrated to the West and formed a 
home in the early settlements of Delaware County, where she died in 1881. He is at this time 
a resident of Delaware, having an interest in the Delaware Woolen Mill Company, with which 
he was formerly connected. They were the parents of five children, four of whom are living. 
The subject of this sketch was born in Delaware Co., Ohio, in 1840. He was raised on a farm 
and received his education in the schools of that county. In August, 1862, he enlisted as 
private in Company C, One Hundred and Twenty-First Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for the term of 
three years, and served in the fortunes of the Army of the Cumberland. On the battle field 
of Perryville, October 8, 1862, he was wounded in the left arm by a minie ball, but filled his 
place in the ranks until discharged by reason of disability at Franklin, Tenn., April 29, 1863, 
as Second Lieutenant. He re-enlisted May 2, 1864, as private in the One Hundred and Forty- 
fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was discharged as Commissary Sergeant at Camp Chase, Au- 
gust 25, 1864, by reason of expired tenure of service. Mr. A. came to this county in 1865, and 
in the following year engaged in the mercantile business, which he followed until after his elec- 
tion to the office of County Clerk, in 1869. Toree years afterward he was re-elected to the 
same position, and served two terms of three years each. During this time he engaged his 
spare moments to the study of law, and became so proficient that he was admitted to the bar at 
Columbus, by the Supreme Court, January 7, 1874. At the close of his public duties he again em- 
barked in the mercantile trade, and occupied his present commodious store in January, 1882. 
He carries a large and complete stock of dry goods, and controls a fair and lucrative trade. 
Mr. A. was married in .May, 1863, to Miss Alice M., daughter of David and Mary E. (Hemp- 
stead) Welsh. One daughter, Amelia H., born to bless this union, lived through the sunny 
summer of her youth, and just while life was sweetest, and the brightest flowers grew about her 
pathway, the reaper called her home. Her demise occurred August 25, 1882. D. D. Welsh 
was born in Muskingham County, Ohio, August 25, 1817. He settled as a farmer near this city 
in 1838, and was married September 29, 1839, to Miss Mary E. Hempstead; she was born in 
Utica, N. Y., in 1818, and with her parents, Nathan and Polly Hempstead, came to this county in 
1838. In 1843, he moved to Jackson County, Mich., where he died the following year. He was 



78 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

a Captain of a company in the war of 1812, and raised a family of ten children, six of whom 
are siill living Mr. Welsh was one of the original stockhollers of the Marysville Bank, and 
dealt larcely in stock. He was left an orphan when six years of age, and was thrown upon his 
own resources. He made every movement available, and by perseverance and economy attained 
position and wealth. He was elected County Treasurer in 1801, and filled that position at the 
time of his death in 1803. He owned, at the time of his death, 7U0 acres of land in this county, 
and was a man beloved and respected by all who knew him. 

.JOHN BARKER, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Marysville January 12, 1830. He is a 
son of John Barker, of Virginia, anil vlary Hoyt Barker, a native of Pennsylvanii. They were 
married in the Keystone State, and came to Marysville. where they resided a short time. Mr. 
Barker bought 100 acres of laad on the north side uf Mill Creek, which he occupied a few 
years, then removed to the old Squire Amrine farm, and in 183-j located on the farm now 
owned and occupied by our !-uiiject. Mr. Barker died near Lewisbiirg, September 7, 1870, aged 
seventy-three; and Mrs. B. departed this life, October 28, 1853. in her fifty-seventh year. 
They had twelve children, of whom the subject of this sketch is the youngest. He was married 
October 29, 1857, to Harriet F. Turner, a daughter of Edmund Turner, by whom he has had 
two children — Edward H., born December 17, 18G2 ; and Phebe A., born February 13, 1877. 
Mr. Barker has always occupied the homestead, which lontains 153 acres : he also has twelve 
acres in Allen Township, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. He is a member of the 
Masonic Order, and in politics is Democratic. 

JOHN W. BARNES, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Harrison County, Ohio. June 
19,1838. His parents were Levi and Susan (Rodgers) Barnes; the former was born near 
Baltimore, Md., and the latter in Harrison County, Ohio. They removed to Guernsey County, 
Ohio, when our subject was but three years of age: Mr. Barnes died in 1846 and the following 
year John came with his brother, William Barnes, to tiiis county and remained two years; in 
1849 he returned near Cambridge and in 1850 came back to this county, where he has since re- 
sided, except, while in his country's service. He entered the army in July, 18G2, as a member 
of Company K, Ninety-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry ; after serving a year in the 
Western Army, he was transferred to the Department of the Gulf. He fought through the siege 
of Vicksburg and at Jackson, Carrion Cross Bayou. Sabine Cross Roads, Forts Gaines, Morgan, 
Spanish and Blakeley, and a number of minor battles ; he was discharged at Mobile, Ala., July 
15, 18ti5, at the close of the rebellion. He returned home and resumeil his former avocation, 
which he has since followed. He was married, November, 1855, to Mrs. Catharine Hale, a 
widow of Jonas Hale and a daughter of Athens Oliphant. Mrs. Barnes was born in Ross 
County, Ohio, November 30. 1833. They were blessed wiih six children, viz.: Lydia L., wife 
of J. A. Bump; Roland J., married Anna Beightler ; Lorenzo D., marritd Sarah J. Spain ; 
Samantha J., Aaron B. and Georgiana. Mrs. Barnes had two daughters by her first husband — 
Sarah, wife of William Epps, and ]Mary J., wife of Stephen Pyers. Mr. Barnes made his start in 
life by working by the month, and what he now owns is the fruits of his own labor. His farm 
contains ninety-five acres, and is under a good state of cultivation ; he is by occupation a farmer 
and stock-raiser. He and his wife are members of the United Brethren Church; he is con- 
nected with the Grand Army of the Republic, and in politics is a Republican. 

GEORGE BEECHER. The subject of this sketch is a leading, influential citizen of Union 
County, was born near Utica, N. Y., April 18. 1827. His father, Zina Beecher, was born near 
New Haven, Conn., and was a first cousin to Lyman Beecher, thefatherof Henry Ward Beecher. 
His mother, Lucretia Sanford. was also born near New Haven. His parents were married in 
Connecticut, and moved to Herkimer Cdunty, N. V., and in 183G to Licking County, Ohio, where 
Mr. Beecher died September, 1868. Mrs. Beecher died February 4, 1880, at the ripe age of 
ninety-six years. She was a remarkably firm and intelligent lady, and retained her mental fac- 
ulties up to the last. She was the mother of six sons and three daughters, of whom all the sons 
and one daughter are living — Lucretia (deceased) ; Beri, who resides in Granville, Ohio ; Alme- 
lia deceased ; Lyman, who occupies the nomesteitd in Licking County ; Edwin, of Fairfield, 111.; 
Mary, wife of Carter Wilcox ; George, the subject of this sketch; Charles, of Cincinnati, attor- 
ney for the Ohio & Mississippi Railroad,and Walter, the youngest, resides in Mill Creek Township, 
this county. Mr. Beechei", our subject, was reared to manhood on his father's farm. For four 
years after he was of age, he worked for a salary of $100 per year. April 17, 1852, he came to 
Union County, and located on 185 acres of land in Mill Creek Township, which was in nature's 
original state. He cleared this farm, and continued to make additions till he now owns a body 
of land containing 509 acres, all of which he acquired by his untiring industry and successful 
business management. In the fall of 1877, he purchased forty acres adjoining the corp u-ation 
of Marysville on the east, and erected on it a commodious frame residence. Mr. Beecher is en- 
gaged extensively in rearing fine sheep, and is ranked as one of the leading sheep-raisers of the 
county. For the last two years he has bought and shipped draft horses to Mansfield, doing a 
large and successful tr.ade. He is a man of much force of character, and in the pursuits of life 
has been eminently successful. His marriage was celebrated January 16, 1852, with Miss 
Rosanna Rogers, a daughter of M. W. and Mary Rogers, formerly of Pennsylvania. Mrs. 
Beecher is a native of Licking County, was born July 5, 1828. Three children are the fruits of 
this union — Alice A., wife of Marion Taylor, Clara and Mary L. 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 81 

SAMUEL BEIGHLER, farmer, P. O. Marysville, eldest son of Tobias and Sarau 
Beighler), was born in Paris Township December 10, 1828. He was reared and brought up ou 
his father's farm, and was educated in the common schools. He was married April 1'2, 1849, 
to Miss Ann J. Fawcelt, a daughter of Jesse and Philadelphia Fawcett. They have six sons living 
— Asbury H., an attorney at law in Marysville ; Warren, Jasper, John, Elwood and Tobias. 
Mr. Beighler purchased and located on his present farm in the spring of 1858. He cleared his 
farm from the " stump," and has well improved it. Mr. B. and wife are members of the United 
Brethren Church. Politically he is a Republican. He owns a farm of ninety acres, and is en- 
gaged in agriculture. 

A. H. BEIGHTLER, attorney, Marysville. The Beightler family whose record may be found 
in this volume, comprises one of the most extensive connections of the pioneer settlers. The 
subject of this sketch is a son of Samuel and Ann J. (Fawcett) Beightler, and was born in Paris 
Township, Union County, in 1852. He was raised on a farm and received his primary education 
in the high schools of this city, where he began the study ot law in the office of R. L. Wood- 
burn, in 1874. He was admitted to the bar April 20th, 1877, and the s^ime year began the prac- 
tice of his profession in Marysville, where he has since been constantly and actively engaged. 
He has served the township as clerk, and since his admission to the bar has filled the office of 
secretary of the Agricultural Society. He is a member of the Lodge and Chapter F. & A. M. 
at Marysville, and of the Commandry at Urbana, and connected with the Presbyterian Church of 
this town. Politically Mr. B. is a stanch Republican. He was united in marriage to Miss Laura 
C, daughter of G. T. Borland, of Cincinnati, in 1880. Two children, Alice and Gordon R., are 
the issue of this union. 

IRA BELVILLE, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, son of Nicholas and Anna Belville, was born 
in Paris Township April 18, 1839. He passed his early life on his father's farm and received 
a common schooling. August 19, 18t31, he married Caroline .Smith, a daughter of Andrew and 
Jane Smith. She departed this life August 4, 1864, and August 4, 1867, Mr. Belville was a^ain 
married, this time to Mrs. Rachel Draper, widow of Nelson Draper (dece^ed), and daughter 
of Adam Shirk. Three children were the fruits of this union: Anna L., Mary R. and Ada iVIay. 
Mrs. Belville died June 15, 1878. She had two children by her former husband ; of these one 
(Biance), is living. Hannah is deceajed. In 1867, Mr. Belville took up his residence on his 
present farm. He is engaged in the pursuits of farming and rearing stock. His farm is located 
in Taylor and Liberty Townships and contains 84 acres. He has been prominently connected 
with the Grange, and in politics is Democratic. 

ROBERT BELT, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born near xMewark, Ohio, June 15, 1822. 
His parents, Benjamin and Rachel Crouch, were natives of Maryland and Pennsylvania respect- 
ively. They had nine children, of whom four are living: Leiha A. (wife of Samuel Park), Ella 
(wife of Asa Park), Robert and Wesley. Robert was reared on the homestead in Licking County 
and occupied it till 1846. In April, 1864, he came to Union County and bought 146 acres, his 
present farm. He was married in 1844 to Mary Park, a daughter of John and Margaret Park. 
She bore him ten children of whom five are living, viz.: Gilbert, George, Frank, Lucy and Ella. 
Alvin died October 22, 1846, Benjamin died October 21, 1864, Henry, December 1, 1864, and 
Isabell December 14, 1864. Mrs. Belt departed this life January 5, 1865, of typhoid fe-^er. 
The three children, Benjamin, Henry and Isabell, who preceded her but a few days, died from 
the same fever. Mr. Belt was again married, January 29, 1866, to .Mrs. Mary C. Wells, widow 
of Joseph Wells, and daughter of Ezekiel and Sarah Cunningham. Mrs. Belt was born in Lick- 
ing County September 2, 1832. She had two children by her first husband ; one (Sarah E.) is 
living, now wife of Henry N. Amriue. Mr. Belt has cleared and well improved his farm which 
was covered with woods when he located on it in 1864. He has been a successful farmer; of 
late years he has devoted especial attention to rearing fine sheep. He and his wife are members 
of the M. E. Church of Marysville. He is associated with the Masonic fraternity, and in politics 
is a supporter of Republican principles and doctrines. He owns a farm of 148 acres, with good 
improvements, located near Marysville. 

TOBIAS BIGLER (or Beighler), was born in Berks County, Pennsylvania, June 1, 1805. 
He is a son of George and Elizabeth (Lookenbill) Beighler, who were natives of Pennsylvania. 
The original name was spelled Beighler, but wjas subsequently changed to Bigler and since to 
Beightler. The name is of German origin, the grandfather of our subject having emigrated from 
Germany to the United States prior to the American Revolution. Tobias, the subject of this 
sketch, is the second son and fifth child of a. family of eight children, of whom two are living, 
viz.: George, Elizabeth, Solomon, Rebecca, Sophia, Tobias, Sallie and Enoch. When our sub- 
ject was four years of age, his parents removed to Licking County, Ohio, and the following j ear to 
Fairfield County, where he spent his boyhood and early manhood. He worked by the montli at 
the small salary of $7 till he came to this county in the latter part of 1825. He "squatted " 
on land owned by James Dines for a short time then purchased one hundred acres of woodland 
for which he paid $450. He cleared the site for his house. His dwelling place for several years 
was in the solitude of nature's wild dominion which was the habitation of the deer, wolf and 
bear. Mr. Bigler began the work of clearing and improving his farm and making additions to 
his original purchase till his farm now contains 225 acres ; of this 215 acres are well-improved 



82 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

and under a high state of cultivation. Mr. Bigler was married January, 1827, to Miss Sarah 
Aairine, a daughter of John and Ornzie Amrine, and a native of Pennsylvania. Twelve children 
were the fruits of this union ; of these eight are living, viz.: Samuel, Mary A., Andrew, John, 
Eliza, Daniel, Harrison and James M.; Abraham, Lewis, Solomon and George are deceased. 
Mrs. Bigler died March 25, 1862, and June 5, 1862, Mr. B. celebrated his second marriage with 
Nancy Burrows, daughter of Jeremiah and Mary A. Burrows. Of two children by this marriage 
one (Wilson H.) is living. Nancy is deceased. Mr. Bigler is one of the sturdy old pioneers of 
Union County ; he located within its limits when an almost unbroken forest, with no capital save 
his energy, whicti he diligently displayed in hewing down the monarchs of the forests and clear- 
ing up his farm. The broad acres with all their wealth of soil and improvements are tlie fruits 
of his years of arduous toil and industry. He is now bordering on the seventy-eighth year of 
his age, but is in possesj<ion of strong mental powers and a good physical condition. 

HAMILTON BLUE, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Ross County, Ohio, May 24, 
1819. He is a son of William and Margaret (Hamilton) Blue, natives of Old Virginia. Mr. 
Blue was born December 12, 1796, and Mrs. Blue, January 4, 1798. Mr. Blue's parents, John 
M. and Catharine Blue, removed to Ro?s County in 18U8 ; his wife's parents, Alexander and 
Mary Hamilton, settled there about the same. time. Mr. and Mrs. Blue were married May 28, 
1818, and had lour sons — Hamilton, Josiah, David and William. They removed to Union County 
in 1832, and located in Paris Township, where Mr. Blue died, May 12, 1879. His widow lives 
with Josiah, the second son. Hamilton was reared to manhood on a farm, and was educated in 
the common schools. October 20, 1839, he united in marriage with Susan Orahood, a daughter 
of Samuel' and Polly Orahood, and a native of Hardy County, Va. She was born February 29, 
1816. Her death occurred .June 20, 1873, leaving one son and five daughters — Alexander, Me- 
lissa (wife of Joseph Snider), Mary E. (wife of Charles Amrine), Margaret (wife of Peter 
Heckel), Susan (wife of Jacob Reed) and Clarinda. Mr. Blue married the second time, October 
29, 1875, to Mrs. Mary Martin, widow of Benjamin Martin and daughter of Jolin and Euthania 
Thompson. Mrs. Blue was born in Virginia, October 29, 1817. She had nine children by Mr. 
Martin — Caroline (wife of John Johnson), Riley, Charles C, Mattie (wife of Alexander Blue) 
are living. Mr. Blue settled on his present farm in 1851, and has since occupied it, engaged in 
farming and rearing stock. His farm contains 12o acres, and was all in woods wlien he located 
on it. He has cleared it up and aided in making many of the improvements of his neighbor- 
hood. He and wife are connected with the Christian Church. He is associated with the Ma- 
sonic fraternity and in politics with the Democracy. 

JOSIAH BLUE, farmer, second son of William and Margaret Blue, was born in Rosa 
County, Ohio, October 24, 1822. When ten years of age, his parents removed to Union County, 
and young Blue spent the rest of his early life on his father's farm, in the northern part of Paris 
Township. He married, September 10, 1846, to Malinda Orahood, a daughter of Samuel and 
Mary Orahood. Mrs. Blue was born in Union County, and died in February, 1848, and left 
one son and one daughter — Lewis F. and Nancy. Mr. Blue's second marriage occurred in 1851, 
with Mrs. Susanna Orahood, daughter of Levi and Susan Wells, and widow of Joseph Orahood. 
Of six children by this union, four are living — Sarah (wife of Silas G. Gray), Lucy, Dorcas, 
Delia, William and David. In 1851, Mr. Blue bought fifty-one acres of his present farm, and 
made additions till he now owns 171 acres, most of which he cleared and improved from the 
"stump." He is connected with the Masonic order and Democratic party and is a successful 
farmer. 

R. S. BONNETTE, Superintendent of the County Infirmary, was born in Ohio County, Va., 
February 10, 1834. He is a son of John and Ann M. Bonnette, who came to Union County in 
1840 and located in Leesburg Township, where our subject was reared lo manhood. September, 
1862, he volunteered in Company 1, One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiment Ohio Volunteer 
Infantry. He participated in the following principal battles : Perryville, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Kenesaw Mountain, and a number of minor battles. He accompanied Gen. Sherman on 
his march to the sea, and participated in all the engagements of note. In the spring of 1864, he 
was commissioned Sergeant, and served in that capacity until discharged. He returned home 
and farmed till 1868, and engaged in the grain trade in Dover, which he carried on till 1873. 
He returned to his farm, and was engaged in ite pursuits till March, 1882, when he was ap- 
pointed to his present charge. He has managed the institution successfully and creditably. He 
wn.s married, October 9, 1856, to Hester A. S. Brown, a native of Union County, born March 16, 
1837, and a daughter of S. P. G. and Sarah Brown. They have three children — Elbert W. 
(married Glennie Dodge), Liunie E. and Nelson 1. Mr. and Mrs. Bonnette are members of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Bonnette is identified with the I. 0. 0. F. and G. A. R., and 
in politics is a Republican. He served as Trustee of Leesburg Township two years. His farm in 
Leesburg contains 118 acres of well improved land. 

JOHN K. BORGER, was born in Bavaria, Germany, May 3, 1841, and in 1843 was 
brought to America by his parents, William and Elizabeth B. Borger. They settled in Co- 
lumbus, and in 1858 removed to Uarby Township, and in 1861 to Union Township, where Mrs. 
B. departed this life September 11, 1870. John is the youngest of five children. When fifteen 
years of age he took up the trade of bricklaying, with George A. Fox, of Marysville, and followed 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 83 

it three years, since which time lie has pursued the avocation of farming and keeping stock. 
October 18, 18(36, he was Joined in marriage to Miss Maggie Magerlein, who was born in Bavaria, 
Germany, and came to this country with her parents, Leonard and Eve Magerlein, when only a 
child. She bore seven children, of whom six are living, viz. : John F., John L., Mary A., Lena 
L., John VV. and George E. Charlie C. is deceased. Mr. Borger died August 20, 1882. Mr. B. 
was the possessor of 175 acres of rich land, fifty-two acres of which are situated in Paris Township. 
It is adorned with a substantial brick residence and other good improvements. Mr. Borger was a 
good, law-abiding citizen. He was a member of the Lutheran Church and a Democrat. 

JOHN BRAUN, tailor, Maryaville, is a native of Germany, where he was born in 1842. He 
crossed the waters to the land of the free in 18'51, and locited at Columbus, Ohio, where he 
worked at his trade until 1874, at which time he came to this city and engaged at his avocation 
with Otte Brothers. Here he has bent his energies to his task with scarcely one day of relief or 
relaxation. He was, however, possessed of the true German element, and by strict economy and 
indomitable energy has made fine possessions. He erected a bi'ick block of buildings in East Cen- 
ter street at a cost of $7,000, which is a fine addition to the street. Mr. Braun was married in 
1865 to Miss Coney, daughter of Stephen Childers, a native of this county. Five children born 
to this union are all living, viz. : Clara, .John, H irvey, Adam and Georgia. 

JOHN M. BRODRICK, attorney, Marysville. John M. Brodrick, prosecuting attorney, is 
a native of Allen Township, Union County, where he was born May 19, 1854. His parents, Isaac, 
Jr., and Sarah P. (Hoff) Brodrick, with their respected and venerable ancestors, were among 
the pilgrims and founders of Allen Township, who built their cabins in the forest, and scattering 
the seed of that better intelligence, which, growing year by year, has transformed the dense for- 
est into well cultivated fields and waving grain. A history of tlieir settlement appears in another 
portion of this work. The subject of this sketch was raised on a farm, and learned to labor with 
his hands. He received his primary education in the district schools, and academy at Lewis- 
burg. He began teaching school when eighteen years of age, and two years afterward began the 
study of law in the office of Porter & Sterling, of this city. He was admitted to the bar Septem- 
ber 5, 1875, and began the practice of his profession in this city November 1, 1876. He was 
el»'cted Prosecuting Attorney in November, 1881, and fills that position at this time. He has also 
served two terms as (Corporation Clerk, and has, by close application and attention to business, 
cultivated and sustained a large and well merited practice. He is a loyal Republican, a member 
of the Masonic fraternity, and past officer in the I. 0. 0. F. Mr. B. was married April 16, 1878, 
to Miss N. M. G., a daughter of B. T. Benton, and a native of Delaware, Ohio. One child, Will- 
iam F., is the issue of this union. 

AARON BROWN, farmer, P. 0. Marysville. a native of Fayette County, Pa., was born March 
2, 1818. His parents, Vincent and Amelia (Wilson) Brown, came from Pennsylvania to Union 
County in 1830 and settled in Darby Township, where Mr. Brown died in 1847 and Mrs. B. in 
1852. Aaron is the sixth of nine children. He was reared to manhood a farmer boy. April 15, 
1848. he united himself in marriage with Elizabeth Brown, a daughter of Christopher and Eliza- 
beth Brown, and a native of Pennsylvania, wliere she was born November 11, 1826. Of seven 
children by this marriage onlj two are living: Amelia, and Harriet, wife of David H. Smith. 
Mr. Brown resided in Darby Township till 1866, when he removed to the farm he now occupies. 
He owns 128 acres of land, and is by occupation a farmer. 

THOMAS BROWN, Ex-Judge of the Probate Court, was born in County Antrim, Ireland, 
March 25, 1819. In 1824, his parents Allen and Margaret M. Brown, came across the waters 
and settled in Clermont County, Ohio, where they resided two years, in 1827 removing to Camp- 
bell County, Ky., and in 1829 to Highland County, Ohio, where they were among the earliest 
pioneers. Mr. Brown bought a farm and kept a country tavern on the Cincinnati & Chilli- 
cothe Stage Road, fifteen miles west of Hillsboro. He entertained the "pioneer travlers" for 
twenty years, and died January 10, 1860. His widow followed him in Spptember, 1876. They 
were the parents of six children, of whom our subject is the second. He was reared on a farm 
till fifteen, when he began and served tin apprenticeship of four years and a half at tanning at 
Point Pleasant, Ohio, the birth place of Gen. Grant. At the expiration of this time he entered 
upon a course in Miami University, of Oxford, Ohio, and remained a student three and a half 
years, when, on account of ill health, he retired and taught school three years. In 1844, he en- 
gaged in the mercantile trade in Highland, and in 1846 removed to Marysville, where he con- 
tinued in merchandising till 1851, where he was elected Probate Judge. In 1860, he was ap- 
pointed to the same position to fill a vacancy. While Probate Judge he read law and was admitted 
to ttie bar in 1854. After practicing law two years, he again engaged in mercantile pursuits, 
retiring in 1870. The following year he embarked in the insurance business, and now represents 
the following companies, viz.: Hartford, Continental, North BrUish and Maroaniile, Lancashire 
Sun, Ohio, Dayton, Niagara and Michigan Mutua'. Judge Brown was twice Mayor of Marysville 
and two terms Infirmary Director. He was first married April 4, 184S, to Miss Mary E. Root, 
who died September 12, 1873, leaving four children; William M., Matilda R., wife of W. M. 
Liggett, Margaret E. , wife of W. F. Galliher, and Harry E. His second marriage occurred Nov- 
ember 4, 1875, to Miss Sarah A. Carpenter, daughter of James Carpenter, of Delaware County. 
Judge Brown and wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. 



84 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

B. V. BUFFINGTON, physician, Marysville. Dr. Buffingtou has attained considerable prom- 
inence as practitioner of thi-* city and has \vo\^ a merited reputation. He was born near Har- 
pers Ferry, Va., in 1888. In infancy, his parents, Samuel and Nancy A. (Wheatley) Buffingtou, 
moved and settled in Pleasant. Township, Clark Co., Ohio, being among the pioneers of that 
township. Subsequently they selected a home at .Milford Center, Union County, where they yet 
reside. Here the subjeit of this sketch was brought up and received his common school edu- 
cation. At the age of twenty-two years, he began the study of medicine in the office of Dr. Leon- 
ard, of Urbana, and after four years of constant application and service, began the practice of 
his profession. He passed graduation at the Eclectic Medical College of Cincinnati in 1873, and 
as a student of that school his built up a large practice. Dr. B. became a resident physician of 
Marj'sville in 18(38, and has firmly established himself as a successful doctor and esteemed cit- 
izen. He was married in New Carlisle, Clark Co., Ohio, in 1874, to Miss J. H. Johnson, a native 
of that county. Three children were born to this issue, two of whom are living, viz.: Edna B. 
and Opal A. Dr. B. is associated with the I. O. 0. F. society. 

JOHN Q. BURGNER, Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas, was born in Delaware County 
Ohio, October 21, 18.38 ; his parents were William Burgner and Mary A. Kile, his wife, the 
former of German and the latter of Scotch descent. William Burgner was born in Pennsylvania, 
in 18"26, and when two years of age came to Ohio with his parents, settling in Fairfield County. 
In 1850, he removed to Delaware County, and in 1872 came to Uichwood, this county, where he 
now resides. His wife died in 1856. The subject of this sketch was raised principally on a farm 
and acquired his education in his native county. In 1872, he removed with his father to Rich- 
wood, and in the autumn of 1875, engaged with him in the mercantile trade under the firm name 
of William Burgner & Sun. In October, 1881, he was elected Clerk of the Courtson the Repub- 
lican ticket, and assumed the duties of his office in February, 1882. Mr. Burgner is a member 
of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of Marysville, and is identified with the Masonic fraternity 
and Knights of Pythias. 

A.MOS BURRIS, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born on the Whitewater River, in Indiana, 
Septtmber 4, 1825. Whnn three years of age, his parents, Jeremiah and Mary (Billater) Burris, 
removed to Adams County, and in 1841, to Union County. Hi.s father was a soldier ia the war 
of 1812, and died near Marysville December 25, 18fi3, aged seventy-two years. Amos, the sub- 
ject of this sketch, was reared to manhood on the farm. May 15, 1814, he was joined in marriage 
wi(h Miss Polly A., daughter of Closes and Elizabeth Amrine, by whom he has had six children, 
viz.: Randolph F., William M., Martha, wife of Aloiizo Reed, Josephine. Mahlon and Elgar. 
Mr. and Mrs. B. are connected with the United Brethren Church. He owns a farm of forty-.six 
acres and is engaged in tilling the soil. 

J. L. C.\MERON, attorney, Marysville, is a native of Union City, and was born in Jackson 
Township May 22, 1844. His parents, Joseph and Sarnh (Reed) Cameron, were natives of 
Pennsylvania and Virginia respectively They founded a home in Jackson Township, in 1827, 
and were among its earliest and most respected pioneers. He was a successful farmer and re- 
sided on the homestead to the close of his life, in 1878. His devoted companion, who survives, 
is in the seventy-third year of her age. They were the parents of eight children, seven of ^hom 
are living. The subject of this sketch was reared on the homestead, where he was diligently 
engaged until the 7ih day of October, 1863, when he joined the forces of the Union Ar-ny, in 
Company C, Twelfth Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, and was discharged as Corpora!, at Chattanooga, 
Tenn., August 31, 1865. He participated in the battles of. Cynthiana, Ky., Laurel Gup, Va., 
Mount Sterling, Ky., June 9, 1864; Wytheville, Va., December 16, 1864; Saliville, Va. De- 
cember 20, 1864 ; Marion, December 22, 1864; and on the memorable Stoneman raid, in Feb- 
ruary, 1865. Returning to peaceful pursuits, he began the study of law under the preceptorship 
of Hon. J. W. Robinson, of this city. He was a pupil apt to learn, diligent and persevering in 
application to bis studies, and became thoroughly versed iu the arts of law. He was admitted 
to the bar in 1867, and soi-n after began the practiceof his chosen profession in Marysville, where 
he has since been successfully engaged It is but justice to say of Lawyer Cameron, that he was 
without the aid of advantageous circumstances, but has risen from the humble walks of life, to 
be classed among the leading attorneys at the bar of Union County. He was married, in 1872, 
to Miss Emma, daughter of William Tooniire, of Champaign (,'ounty, Ohio. Two children born 
to this issue — Mabel and Richard, are both living. Mr. C. is a member of the Masonic fra- 
ternity and a veteran in the ranks of the G. A. R. 

B. F. CARMEAN, dry goods. Marysville. This house established business in this city April 
1, 1880, under the firm name of B. F. Carmean & Co. The copartnership dissolved the following 
year, and B. F. Carmean, succeeding the company, became sole proprietor. He carries a stock 
of about $20,000, and has a large and increasing trade. Mr. C. is a native of Ohio, born in Van 
Wert County, in 1854. His parents. Smith and Sarah A. Carmean, were natives of Maryland 
and Pennsylvania, respectively. His father died in 1855, and in 1857, his mother moved to 
Auglaize County, where the subject of this sketch lived a " farmer boy " until eighteen years of 
age, and since then has been engaged in selling dry goods. Prior to Mr. Carmean's locating in 
this city, he lived in Washington C. H., Ohio, where, in 1879, he was married to Miss Millie J. 
McElwain, a native of Fayette County. 



PAR IS TOWNSHIP. 85 

JOHN CASSIL, deceaseii. Judge John Cassil was a son of Alex and Mary (Gray) 
Cassil, natives of Pennsylvania and Sc itland respectively, and was born in Washing- 
ton County, Penn., February 19, 1803. His fother moved to Jefferson County, Ohio, when he 
(John) was quite young. Subsequently he settled in Greene County, where both his parents 
died. The subject of this sketch was married in Jefferson County, Ohio, April 7, 1825, to Miss 
Drusilla Gladden, a daughter of Joseph and Hannah (Munn) Gladden, and a native of Jefferson 
County, Ohio, where she was born June 12, 1806. After marriage he became engaged in the 
woolen mills at Steubenville, Jefferson County, and in 1833, he removed to this county and pur- 
chased the land now known as the Mason Gill farm, upon which he settled. After ten years of 
farming, he took up his residence in Marysville, and for some years edited ihe Marysville 
Argus (now the Tribune). In 1842, he was elected Clerk of Courts, afterward served the county 
as Auditor, and was Associate Judge some years. At the breaking out of the rebellion he re- 
cruited Company F, Sixty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as First Lieutenant, and resigned as 
Captain, June 21, 1862. He was wounded at Fort Republic, and though the w..und was not seri- 
ous, he did not recover from the effects of it for s tme months. He re urned to his home in 
1863. At the time of his deatb he was .Justice of the Peace and Mayor of this city; in early 
life he associated with the Christian Church, and wa< a man widely known and higbly esteemed. 
His demise occurred at the residence of his son in Jasper County, Mo., June 15, 186it. He was 
the father of thirteen children — Gusiavus A., a resident of New Mexico ; Hannah, widow of 
James Kinkade of this city; Mary G., deceased; Samuel, deceased; Joseph G., a printer at 
Woodfield, Monroe Co., Ohio; Alexander G., who enlisted in the Nineteenth Ohio Battery, and 
afterward raised a company of colored troops (artillery) in Tennessee, aud died at the Soidier s 
Home, Dayton, Ohio, December 19, 1882; Mary J., wife of Hon. J. W. Robinson; Reuben, a 
resident of Fort Bend County, Texas; Edward, -ieceased; James M., a resident of Fort Bend 
County, Texas; Alartha E., at home; David G , deceased, and Drusilla. deceased. 

A. S. CHAPMAN. The parents of the gentleman whose name heads this notice were Ros- 
well Riggs (Chapman, born in Blaudford, Mass., September 21, 1793, and Phoebe Stansbery, born 
in Scotch Plains, N. J., March 1, 1798. In 1803, the Chapman family came to Ohio with the 
Scioto Company, and located at Worlhington, Franklin County. Tliis company was composed 
of members of the Episcopal Church, and was intended to establish an Episcopal settlement un- 
der the leadership of Col. James Kilbourn, who was its first minister. The Chapmans, who were 
Presbyterians in their religious belief, took the place in the colony of a family which failed to em- 
igrate, and settled on the west side of the entangy River, about three miles above Worth- 
ington. The oldest son, Roswell Riggs Chapman, enlisted in Capt. Levi Pinney's Company in 
the war of 1812, served as a musician, becoming fife major of his regiment, and was taken pris- 
oner by the British at Detroit upon the surrender of tdat post by Gen. Hull. After his return, 
he engaged as clerk for the Scioto Company in their store, subsequently forming a partnersliip 
in the dry goods, grocery and general produce business with his uncle, Dr. Daniel Upson. In 
the spring of 1816, he was married to Phoebe Stansbery. His health failed in 1826, and in 
1827, being threatened with consumption, he went South, thinking to derive benefit from the 
change. The disease, however, had too strong a hold upon him, and he died on a steamer on 
the 13th of December, 1827, and was buried at Natchez, .Miss. His wife, Phoebe Stansbery, was 
the only child of Judge Recompense Stansbery, who emigrated to Worlhington, Ohio, in 1810, 
coming through Pennsylvania, down the Ohio River on a flat-boat and up the Muskingum as far 
as Zanesville, thence by wagon to Granville, in what is now Licking County, Ohio, ani across 
the country to Worthington. Between the latter points there was then no road, and he was 
compelled to clear his way with an ax. Mr. Stansbery occupied a prominent position in the new 
settlement. In 1814, he was appointed Associate Judge of the Court of Common Pleas ; was 
Justice of the Peace, and in that capacity married many of the early settlers, among them 
Orange Johnson and wife, pioneers of Columbus. He was for twenty-five years Postmaster at 
Worthington; was a large landholder and stock owner, having at one time 1200 sheep, when the 
region was yet thickly infested with wolves. He died in 1813. Albert. Stansbery Chapman was 
born in Worthington, Franklin Co., Ohio, April 26, 1823, and passed his early years in acquir- 
ing an education. At the age of twelve, he began attending school at Blendon, under the in- 
struction of Rev. Ebenezer Washburn, remaining two years, and next became a pupil of the 
Worthington school, taught by Rev. R. K. Nash. At the age of eighteen years, he began read- 
ing medicine and teaching school during the winters. In 1843. he entered as clerk the dry 
goods establishment of his uncle, Ira Reynolds, at West Liberty, Logan Co., Ohio, where he re- 
mained until 1845, going thence to Richland, in the same county, where he established a store of 
his own. In 1846, he removed to the village of Newton, in Liberty Township, Union Co., Ohio, 
engaging in mercantile business, and remaining until the fall of 1847, when he returned to Rich- 
land and entered into partnership with his brother in merchandising and the manufacture of 
saleratus and boots au'l shoes. In 1854, he again came to Union C mnty, settling at Marysville, 
and embarking in the dry goods business in company with his brother and Isaac Channell. In 
the fall of 1855, owing to the fail ^re of his health — consumption threatening him — he closed 
out his business, purchased the old homestead at Worthington, and moved upon it. having lived 
there during his youth with his grandfather, Judge Stansbery. Being compelled from the state 



86 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

of his health to seek out-of-door employment, Mr. Chapman acquired a taste for farming, and in 
1862, purchased tlie farm in Jerome Township, Union County, now owned by John Curry, con- 
taining about 182 acres. In the spring of 1870, he located a second time at Marysville, enter- 
ing into partnership with his son in the agricultural implement business, under the firm name of 
C. S. Chapman & Co. In 1874, he and others organized the People's Bank, at Marysville, and 
in 1875, he formed a partnerahip with John S. Fleck, under the firm name of Fleck & Chapman, 
for the purpose of manufacturing doors, sash and blinds, and dealing in lumber. The business 
of this firm has increased from $7,000 in 1875, to $()0,000 in 1882, over two million feet of lum- 
ber, and fifty cars of shingles, and both handled in a year. When he came here, in 1874, he 
subscribed stock to a company formed for the purpose of manufacturing tubs, spokes, feather 
strips, etc., and became its superintendent and treasurer. He disposed of his stock when he 
became a partner in his present business with Mr. Fleck, in 1875. Mr. Chapman is still inter- 
ested in agriculture, and in company with his son owns 385 acres of land in Jerome Township. 
When twenty-two years of age, Mr. Chapman married Miss Eveline M. Couch, of Springfield, 
Ohio, and lo them have been born three children, of whom Charles Stansbery Chapman, present 
cashier of the People's Bank at Marysville, is the oldest, and the only survivor; Frank, the 
second child, died at the age of five years ; Minnie, the youngest, was married in 1871, to A. J. 
Keicherts, of Delaware, Ohio, and died in 1872, leaving one child, who is living with her grand- 
father Chapman. Mr. Chapman, being left at the early age of four years without the example 
and counsel of a father, found that he must place dependence on himself in the great battle of 
life, and consequently determined to devote himself to study and become master of any business 
in which he should choose to engage. During his whole life it has been his aim to deal fairly 
and in good faith in his business transactions, and his word being once given has ever been 
strictly kept. Being of a careful and cautious nature, he has never engaged in wild or vision 
ary speculations, but preferred the natural growth and legitimate profits of regular business. 
By strict attendance to business matters, with industry and economy he has accumulated not 
great wealth, but a sufficient competence. Charles Stansbery Chapman, oldest son and only sur- 
viving child of A. S. and Eveline (Couch) Chapman, was born in Union County, Ohio. November 
15, lb4ti ; was educated in the schools of Worthington, Franklin Co., Ohio, and in 1870, came to 
Marysville, and engaged in business with his father. He has also been a member of the stock 
company which operates the People's Bank .since its organization, and has held the position of 
cashier fron the beginning of the bank's existence. This position he fills admirably, and his 
genial and gentlemanly qualities insure for him popularity and the respect of patrons and citi- 
zens generally. He is a joint owner with his father yi a large farm in Jerome Township, the two 
engaging extensively in stock-raising. Mr. Chapman's energies are always alive to public im- 
provement and business advancement — traits which he inherits from his father. In 1870, he 
married Anna T., daughter of James Kinkade (now deceased), of Marysville, and two children 
— Frank T. and Max, have blessed this union. 

F. J. CHEilKINGTON. photographer, Marysville. This social gentleman is a germ of 
the Buckeye State, and was born near Gallipolis, Ohio, in 1845, his parents, Jefler»on and 
Mary (llaukj Cherringtou, being distinguished among the early and respected pioneers of Galila 
County. His father was a farmer and resided in that county until his death. He was in early 
life a teacher of schools and music, and a life-long member of the M. E. Church. The subject 
of this sketch was rait^ed on a farm and learned to labor with his hands. Attaining age and 
having a natural taste for photographing, he learned the trade and established himself in busi- 
ness at Logan, Hocking County, Ohio. Four years afterward he came to this city and opened 
the gallery on Main street, and opj)osition of no merit being offered in the Main street studio, he 
purchased the concern, since which time he has had control of the trade in the city and county 
surrounding. He is a thorough student of his profession, and produces the most approved 
styles of photography. Mr. C. during the rebellion gave his service to the one hundred day call 
in the One Hundred and Forty-first O. V. I. He was married in 1874 to Miss Hattie, a daughter 
of George Strong, of Logan, Ohio. Two children born to this union are Tioth living, viz.: George 
N. and Winnie M. 

D. S. CLEMENT, retired, P. 0. Marysville. David S. Clement, one of Union County's 
prominent pioneers, was born in Madison County, Ohio, July 15, 1831. He came to this county 
when a youth with his parents, where he acquired his education, and locating in the south- 
western part of the county, engaged in the mercantile trade. Here he built up a large business 
and named the place Irwin, which name it yet retains, and has become a populous village. He 
secured the first post office, and was virtually the founder of Irwin. He served as Postmaster 
for ten consecutive years, and for a long period was Justice of the Peace. In 1865, he joined a 
colony and emigrated to Hannibal, Mo., and four years later returned and settled in Marys- 
ville, where he has since made his home. He subsequently eng«ged in the greenhouse business 
until 1882, when he retired from the active duties of life, to the comforts of his home and family. 
His companion in marriage, whose maiden name was Lydia A. Miller, is a daughter of James 
Culver Miller, and his mother (Zelinda) was a descendant of the celebrated Burnbam family, 
which is found in the early records of Massachusetts and Connecticut. The coat-of-arms to the 
name was granted on the 25th of October, A. D. 1517, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, to Sir 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 87 

William Burnham, of the West of England. The records go to show that the Burnbam family 
spring from three brothers who landed at Cape Ann about the seventeenth century. Two of the 
brothers (John and Thomas), settled in Ipswich, Massachusetts, and .Joshua at a place called 
Black Point in New Hampshire or Maine. The present representatives of the family come of 
the fifth generation, of which Ebenezer is the head. He with his sons (.John and Josiah) were 
soldiers in the Revolutioaary war. Hiram G. Miller, great grandson of Ebenezer, was born 
June 23, 1828, and is a resident of this county. Mr. and Mrs. Clement are the parents of one 
child — Estella (wife of Henry Burnett, of this city). 

HON. J. B. COATS. Prohate Judge, Marysville. John B. Coats was born in Guilford, 
Windham Co., State of Vermont, on the 5th day of September, A. D. 1821, in which State, with 
the exception of about two years' residence in the State of Massachusetts, he continued to re- 
side until a few weeks prior to reaching majority. He was principally engaged in farm libor 
during this time, leaving home to engage in the battle of life, on his own account, when a little 
over thirteen years of age. He received such education as the common schools aiforded at 'hat 
time, and after leaving home made it a point to attend school during the three winter months, 
until arriving at majority. In 1842, he bid adieu to his native hills and started for Ohio, se- 
lecting it as, in his judgment, the best of the then Western States, arriving at Xenia in Septem- 
ber of the aforesaid year. After attending school at the latter place for a few months, to add to 
his then limited store of knowledge, and familiarize himself with the customs of the country, 
he commenced teaching near Jamestown, Greene Co., Ohio. He continued teaching and labor- 
ing on a farm up to the year 1848, during which time he had read law with John H. Watson, of 
Xenia, at which place he was admitted to the bar, on the 17th day of June, A. D. 1847. In 
1848, his health having become so impaired as to incapacitate him for entering upon the prac- 
tice of his profession, he returned to his native State to recuperate, where he remained for about 
a year and a half, engaged in teaching and various pursuits a portion of the time. His health 
being restored, he returned to Ohio and located in Marysville, in December, 1849, entering into 
partnership in the practice of law with P. B. Cole, Esq., which partnership continued for about 
two years. Soon after coming to Marysville, he engaged in editorial labors, at intervals, as 
assistant editor of the Marysville Tribune, then under the control of the late Hon. C. S. Hamil- 
ton ; being a pronounced Whig in politics, he labored in various ways to insure the success of 
that party till it ceased to exist, when he became a Republican. In November, 1853, he pur- 
chased the Tribune of Mr. Hamilton, assumed the editorial control of the same and continued to 
act in that capacity for one year, when he sold out. During his brief editorial career, he still 
continued in the practice of the law, in partnership with John L. Porter, under the firm name 
of Coats & Porter. This was continued with an interruption of a few years up to 1862, when 
Mr. Porter went into the army. In 1858, he began acting as assistant editor of the Union Press 
and so continued until 1859; and in 1861 he assumed the editorship of the same paper, and in 
this capacity acted until the paper changed hands, some time in 1863. While engaged editori- 
ally, he labored with zeal to promote the success of the Republican party, and was a delegate in 
the convention of' July 13th, 1854, at Columbus, which practically formed that party, and to 
which he has adhered during the years of its existence. The first office he was called to fill 
was that of Justice of the Peace, to which he was elected in 1851, serving three years, and 
again elected to the same office in 1857. In 1859, he was elected to the oflBce of Prosecuting 
Attorney of the county, a position that he held for ihree successive terms, when he retired. At 
the October election, in 1869, he was elected to the office of Probate Judge, which office, by 
successive elections, he now holds, having entered on his fifth term. At the April election, in 
1873, he was elected a delegate to the Constitutional Convention, to which position he had been 
nominated by a Republican convention, held in March of that year. It is but justice to Judge 
Coats to say that he did not seek this, and during the canvass, prior to his nomination, spoke 
against the use of his name, believing it not in the fitness of things that he. while holding one 
office, should seek, or be elected to, another ; but on receiving the nomination, he deemed it but 
justice to his friends who had placed him in nomination, that he should accept, and leave the 
matter in the hands of the people, to whose decision in the premises, he felt willing to submit 
with cheerfulness. He had numerous competitors for the nomination, which, as he had fore- 
seen, caused some bitterness of feeling, and his competitor at the polls being an independent 
candidate, made the contest a very lively one, out of which he came with a majority of thirteen. 
in a very light vote. On April 20, 1854, Judge Coats married Catharine P. Vastine, of Dela- 
ware County Ohio, daughter of John and Catharine (Hetrick) Vastine, who removed to Iowa in 
1854, and remained until their deaths. By this marriage three children have been born, to wit: 
John Wilber (who died in 1872 in his eighteenth year), Frances D., born October 19, 1856, and 
Charles N., born June 8, 1861. 

JOHN CODER, grocer, Marysville. The parents of John Coder were among the earliest 
pilgrims of Ross County, Ohio, and all classified wiih the pioneers of York Township, Union 
County, where they settled in 1835. Simon, his father, was a native of Pennsylvania, and his 
mother, whose name was Jane Gault, was a Virginian. He was a blacksmith by trade, but 
cleared a farm in York and Taylor Townships. He is a resident of York Township at this time, 
and is in the ninety-second year of his age. His estimable wife died in May, 1848. They were 



88 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

parents of eight children, five of whom are living. The subject, of this sketch was born in Ross 
County October 31, 1827. He was raised on a farm, and learned the trade of his father, at 
which he worked, when he cime to this city in 1856. He first opened a shop on Main street, 
and for twenty-six years applied himself diligently to his profession. In the spring of 1882, he 
opened to the public a choice stock of gmceries in his present location, and enjoys the good 
will and trade of a wide circle of friends and acquaintances. Mr. Coder was married in Decem- 
ber, 1847, to ^Hss Catherine Sialey, a native of Greene County, Ohio. This union has been 
blessed with four children, three of whom are living, viz.: Jennie, William F. and Charles 0. 
Mr. Coder numbers among the oldest resident business men of the city. He is a member of the 
Masonic fraternity, the Order of Red Men and Methodist Episcopal Church. 

DANIEL COE, deceased, was horn in Washington County, Penn., March 3, 1801. When 
eleven years of age, his parents died, and he was brought to live with his brother in the West, 
the family living in .lefferson County, Ohio, where he grew to manhood. Here he met and mar- 
ried Miss Mary Gladden, a daughter of Joseph and Hannah (Munn) Gladden, who were pioneers 
of Jeflferson Cmnty in 1795, where she (Mary) was born on January 18, 1804 This couple 
pioneered their march of settlement to Union County in 1834, and founded a home on the 
hanks of the ^ig Darby, where Mr. Coe passed the remainder of his days. His death is recorded 
January 17, 1851. He was a farmer and was highly esteemed. He was the father of twelve 
children, five of whom are living, viz.: Philip, Joseph, a resident of Massachusetts, entered the 
ranks of the Union army in 18()1, in Company D, Thirteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as a private, 
and served through the battles in which that regiment engaged, and was promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant; Sar.ih, wife of J. W. Robinson ; Lizzie, who was married in February, 1855, to Dr. 
Swayne, a celebrated physician of this county, by whom she had four children — Isabella, Mary, 
deceased; Martha and John. Dr. Swayne died in 1863, and in September, 1867, she married L. 
H. Smith, now a resident of Kansas, by which she has one child, Jennie; and Mary, wife R. 
Henderson, of Minneapolis, ISIinn. Mrs. Coe moved to and occupied her residence at M irys- 
ville in 1854, and is now surrounded by the younger generation. She has thirty-seven grand- 
children and five great-grandchildren. She is in the enjoyment of good health and is now 
in the seventy-ninth year of her age. Daniel and Mary (Joe were life-long members of the 
Presbyterian Church and among the oldest and most respected citizens. 

EDWARD EVERETT COLE, attorney, Marysville, was born in Marysville, Ohio, March 
17, 1853. He taught school in Milford Centre one term in the winter of 1870-71, and entered 
the sophomore class at Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, in Septetnber, 1871. In the fall of 
1872, he entered the junior class at the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, and grad- 
u ited from that institution in 1874. In the same year he removed to Huntington, Inil., where 
he was connectel with the Indiana Herald as local editor for some time. He returned to M .rys- 
ville in 1875, studied law with his father, .ludge P. B. Cole, and was admitted to the bar Feb- 
ruary 13, 1876. Since that time he has practiced his profession at Marysville. 

GEORGE COLM.A.N, the subject of this sketch, is one of the wealthiest and most influential 
Germans of Union County. He was born in Byrne, Germany, April 14, 1826, and is a son of 
John A. and Mary (Kreitline) Colman ; the former a native of Byrne, was born August 9. 1797, 

and the latter a native of Newburg, Germany, was born March — , . They emigrated to the 

United Slates in 1840 and settled in Darby Township, where Mr. Colman purchased a tract of 
woodland containing 160 acres. He, with his family, occupied it till his death, which occurred 
.May, 1879. Mr. Colman, our subject, is the fourth of a family of twelve children. He was 
reared to manhood on af irm, and acquired his education in the common schools of the day, which 
were by no means noted for their excellpnce. When of age he embarked in life for himself, 
working by the month at wages of $8 per month. He was employed as a month-laborer for seven 
years, at a salary ranging from $8 to f)18 per month. At ihe expiration of this term he Uad saved 
of the fruits of his " hard and honest toil" $1,400. He invested in seventy-one acres of land, 
now forming a pirt of his home farm, on which he located in the latter part of 1855. His farm 
was in its original state, and no improvements had yet been made. Mr. Colman began the work 
of clearing and improving his farm. He made subsequent additions to the original purchase, 
till his home farm now embodies 600 acres, besides 375 acres located in Jerome Township. Mr. 
Colman is a representative of that thrifty class of Germans who had intelligence and principle, 
and although he went to do for himself when a poor boy, by his ceaseless industry and energy 
he has acquired large and valuable property, now owning, in all, 975 acres of finely improved 
land. He is a man of honor and integrity, and his success in life has been honorably achieved. 
He displays an important interest in all public enterprises, and is considered one of the most 
successful farmers of Union County. He was married April 17, 1855, to Mary C. Miller, daughter 
of John and Rebecca Miller. Mrs. Colman, a native of Germany, was born in M ly, 1833. Of 
ten children by this union, seven are living, viz. : John .\., William G., John H., .lohu M., Lizzie, 
Mary, a«id Emanuel L. Barbara, Anna and an infant are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Colman are 
members of the Lutheran Church, and Mr. C. is in political affairs a Republican. 

GEORGE W. COURT, retired, Marysville. George Court was born .March 26, 1835, in Marion 
County, Ohio, where he was left with limited means and education, and only through his in- 
domitable energy and frugality has made life a pronounced success. He was raiseil on a farm. 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 91 

and in 1856 began learning the carpenter's trade, and teaching school during the winter. In 
1859, he entered upon the mercantile pursuit in which he was engaged until 186H, when he re- 
moved to llichwood, Union County. Here he became associated in business with T. P. Cratty, 
with whom he has since been more or less connected. Mr. Court engaged largely in building 
and improving property; erected several dwellings and storehouses in Richwood, and otherwise 
aided in the improvement and growth of the town. In 1877, he was elected County Treasurer, 
and the following year became a resident of this city. He pursued the hardware trade during 
the year 1881, since which time he has been dealing in real estate and landed property. He was 
married in Marion County, Ohio, in March, 1861, to Miss Eliza, daughter of Thomas Phillips, of 
that county. Two children born to this issue are living, viz.; Minnie and Edward. Frederick 

Court, grandfather of George, was a native of Germany, who settled in Virginia in . Joseph, 

the father of this subject, was born near Harper's Ferry, Va. He was married in Marion 
County, Ohio, to Miss Maria Sherman, a native of Vermont. Frederick and family moved and 
settled in Ross County, Ohio, in 1816, thence to Marion County, where he died in 1842. Joseph 
raised a family of nine children — six boys and three girls — all of whom are living, as follows . 
George, eldest; William, Sarah, Mary, Louisa, John, Joseph, Stephen and Frank. 

OTWAY CURRY. 

It is impossible, in this volume, to give an adequate sketch of Mr. Curry, for the thousand 
particulars which might be included can only be dwelt upon in an extended account of his life, 
such as only he who is most intimately acquainted with his character and career is competent to 
prepare. 

Otway Curry was born March 26, 1804, on the site of what is now Greenfield, Highland 
County, Ohio, and was the son of Col. James Curry, a veteran officer of the Revolution, who came 
with his family to the territory now included in Union County in 1811. Otway Curry was a 
pupil in the log schoolhouse near the home of his boyhood, and also received much instruction 
from his parents, of a higher order than that imparted by the half-educated teachers whose serv- 
ices were in demand among the pioneers — even though they performed a good work in their 
way. The father was summoned to Chillicothe, a member of the Legislature, in 1812 ; the eld- 
est son went out with the army to do battle for his country, and the rest of the family remained 
upon the farm under the superintendence of the prudent and patriotic mother. Alone in the 
wilderness, surrounded by savages, they were never molested, though often alarmed. On one 
occasion their horses showed every indication of fear ; their dogs barked furiously, now rushing 
into the cornfield, and then retreating with bristling hair, as if driven. The family, concluding 
that, Indians were near, prepared to fight as well as pray. The mother, in marshaling her 
forces, stationed young Otway and his brother Stephenson on guard, Otway at the house corner, 
and Stephenson at the bars, with loaded guns at a rest, and charged them to take aim and fire 
as soon as they saw an Indian. Fortunately, there was no attack made upon the domestic fort. 

As the boy grew to man's estate, he read the small but choice collection of books in his 
father's library ; and, before he came of age, he attended a select school in the neighborhood 
taught by Mr. C, a farmer of good education. In 1823, being determined to learn a trade, he 
went to Lebanon, Ohio, and there learned the art of carpentry. He was stibsequently located a 
short time each at Cincinnati and Detroit, and later at Marion, Ohio. In company with Henry 
Mason, both possessed of a romantic nature, he made and launched a skiff at Millville, a small 
village on the Scioto River, and descended that stream to its mouth, proceeding thence down the 
Ohio to Cincinnati. At the latter point he engaged passage for himself and a box of tools, on a 
flatboat, and voyaged slowly down the Ohio and Mississippi to Port Gibson, where he spent one 
year. About this time he summoned courage to offer anonymously some verses to the newspapers, 
among which were his sweet poems, " My Mother," and " Kingdom Come." His lines wen for 
him admiration at the outset, and it never diminished in degree during all the subsequent years. 
Returning to Cincinnati, he contributed more freely to the press, over the signature of " Abdal- 
lah," and at this time formed the acquaintance of William D. Gallagher, who was induced to 
seek, upon perusal of his stanzas, " The Minstrel's Home." This acquaintance was improved by 
time, and unbroken by jealousy, envy, or serious misunderstanding. 

On leaving Cincinnati, Mr. Curry returned to his father's house, in Union County, where 
he passed the winter of 1828-29, dividing his time between the mu^e and the young lady, Miss 
Mary Noteman, who was about to and did, ia December, become his wife. In 1829, he again vis- 
ited the South, and spent four or five months at Baton Rouge, contributing, meanwhile, poetical 
productions both to the Cincinnati Mirror and the Cincinnati Chronicle. Upon his return, he set- 
tled in Union County and engaged in agricultural pursuits, which he prosecuted with industry 
till 1839. While on his farm, he courted the muses as opportunity offered, and issued some of his 
best verses from his rural home. He first appeared in public life in 1836, as a member of the' 
Ohio House of Representatives, to which he was re-elected in 1837 and 1842. While serving his 
last term, he purchased the newspaper known as the Greene County Torch Light, and removed to 
Xenia ; he changed the name of the paper to Xenia Torch Light, and conducted it in an able man- 
ner for two years, when he sold out and returned to Marysville. He had previously, in 1838, 



92 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

associated himself with AVilliam D. Gallagher in the publication, at Columbus, of a literary 
monthly magazine called the Hesperian. It was of a high order, but not being adequately sus- 
tained, was discontinued at the end of the third volume. 

Mr. Curry had studied law before his removal to Xenia, but had practiced little up to that 
time. He became master of his profession, and one of his ablest competitors said of him that, 
" although he entered the law late in life, and practiced it scarcely ten years, yethehadno supe- 
rior as a sound lawyer, within the range of his practice, and bade fair, if his life had been spared 
a few years longer, to become an eminent legal mind." In 1850, he was elected a member of the 
second Ohio Constitutional Convention, and with manly firmness and dignity he resisted some of 
the principles of the instrument which that able body elaborated. In 1853, he purchased the 
Scioto Gazette, a daily paper published at Chillicothe, whither he removed. He continued to 
edit this paper with characteristic ability about one year, at the expiration of which time, owing 
to the failing health of his wife, he sold out and returned to Marysville, where he resumed the 
practice of his profession. In January, 1854, he was President of the Ohio Editorial Conven- 
tion, at Cincinnati, and made many friends among the members, who had before known him only 
by his writings. He became a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1843, and con- 
tinued in that relation until his death, which occurred February 15, 1855, after a severe illness 
of two weeks' duration. A well-known biographer (the late Bishop Thomson) wrote of him : 

" Mr. Curry's name is without a spot. In early life he labored with his hands, in later 
years with his mind — always rendering either moral or material benefit for all that he received. 
When called to office, it was by unsolicited suffrages, and, when placed in power, he was no tool 
of party. N(' speeches for sinister ends, no motion for faction purposes, no empty declamations 
or busy demonstrations or crafty schemes disgraced his political career. Guided by a sense of 
duty to his country, he walked heedless alike of private threats and popular clamor. At the bar 
he was the shield of innocence, the terror of guilt and the moderator of Justice. Though liable, 
like other men, to be deceived by his client and influenced by his passions, he would not enforce 
what he deemed an unjust claim or prosecute a just one in an unjust mode. As an editor, he 
manifested the same integrity, though sorely tried. Once determined on his course, he stopped 
at no obstacles, heeded no persecution, and declined no conflict. He was, however, too modest, 
unambitious and averse to public life for a leader. He was a man of great social and domestic 
virtue. As a neighbor, he was considerate, peaceful, obliging and hospitable ; looking with pa- 
tience upon the weakness, and with silence upon the wrongs of others, he cherished no malignity, 
fomented no disputes, flattered no patron, and pierced no victim. Though not insensible to in- 
oratitude, meanness and injury, he was too respectful of himself and too charitable toward oth- 
ers to indulge in any utterances that would give pain, unless they were necessary to a prudent 
maintenance of right. He was as far from being a cynic as a parasite. * * In his home he found 
a paradise. Thither his steps tended when the toils of the day were over ; there, among his little 
ones, he talked as a child, he thought as a child, he played as a child; there, too, he rejoiced with 
the wife of his youth, and found in her smiles a recompense for his labors and a refuge from 
his cares. He was a man of fervent and unostentatious piety, and he delighted in simplicity of 
worship. * * * * Mr. Curry's chief characteristic was his taste. His mind was in har- 
mony with nature ; he had a relish for all beauty. To him it was not in vain that God painted 
the landscape green, cast the channels of the streams in graceful curves, lighted up the arch of 
nifht, and turned the gates of the day on golden hinges amid the anthems of a grateful world. 
No thirst for wealth, no conflict for honor, no lust for meaner pleasures destroyed his sensibility 
to the harmonies and proportions of the universe. From a child, he was fond of nature and soli- 
tude ; as he grew up poets were his companions ; with them he sympathized ; with them he sat, 
side by side, in the enchanted land of song; to see, to enjoy what the idle, the worldly and the 
profane cannot — this was not merely his pastime, but his living. A luxurious melancholy 
chastened his spirit and mellowed the light which it reflected. * * * * The love of beauty 
is usually associated with the capacity to reproduce it ; that is taste, this is art. Mr. Curry's 
art was not proportionate to his taste ; it manifested itself in the sweet music of his flute and the 
sweeter strains of his verse ; the former is lost in tlie empty air, the latter will float down the 
river of time. His poetry will not be relished by the masses; it has no paans of battle, no provo- 
cations of mirth, no mockery of misery, no strokes of malice. It is the song of a religious soul; 
faith is the bond which links its stanzas, a faith that brings heaven near to earth and man into 
fellowship with angels. Like wine, it will be pronounced better as it grows older; not because it 
will improve, but because the world's taste will. What he uttered we may suppose was little 
compared with what he bore away with him into heaven, where he will take up the harp that 
he laid down too early on earth." 

Rebecca S. Nichols, herself a gifted poetess, and a friend of Mr. Curry, speaks thus elo- 
quently of him: " Within the holy fire of poesy burned clear and bright, refining the material 
man and lifting the more ethereal element of our twofold nature up to the realms of love and 
faith and peace, where tne indwelling soul preludes the feast of immortal joys. No petty am- 
bitions, no goading desires for name and fame among the great of earth ever soiled the bosom of 
our friend. To more quietly in his accustomed round of prescribed duties — to enjoy the com- 
munion of chosen and congenial minds — to yield himself up to the manifold enchantments of 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 93 

inspiring nature — to utter in verse, smooth and musical as his favorite streams, the live thoughts 
of the passing moments, made up the sum of his daily happiness ; and if a shade of sadness, as 
of some secret and acknowledged sorrow, bordered the placid beauty of existence, it only added 
tenderness to the hearts of those who knew and loved him, and made them more eager to min- 
ister to his simple and unadulterated pleasures." 

Mr. Curry was a man of fine form, tall and well pi'oportioned, possessed a broad, lofty brow 
and an open countenance. He wore no beard and was seen always in office and street freshly 
and cleanly shaven. His taste was unacceptionable in dress, in language, in reading, and, in- 
deed in all things. He was extremely cautious and careful, both in his speech and his writings, 
and nothing from his pen was ever permitted to go to the press until it had first been scrutinized, 
word by word, for the sake of correctness and improvemeat. From this f;ict,the criticism which 
his poems will bear is easily explained. He was, in all respects, a man which any community 
could ill afford to lose, and the sorrow of his friends and relatives at his untimely taking away 
was profuse and most sincere. 

Mr. Curry was married December 17, 1828, in the identical great frame house in which 
Zacharia Noteman now lives, to Mary, daughter of Andrew Noteman, of .Jerome Township, on 
Darby Creek. Miss Noteman, born August 13, 1806. was a very handsome womm, and was 
known far and near as the " Darby Beauty." She had large, lustrous, dark eyes, dark brown 
hair, and was of a quiet, engaging disposition. She was for many years a member of the 
Methodist Church, an unassuming Chi-istian woman, and a devoted wife and mother. Her 
father, it is said, was opposed to the marriage, because of young Curry's too great fondness for 
books, and the improbability of his ever, in consequence, becoming a thrifty farmer. But the 
old gentleman soon became reconciled and was, until the day of his death, a devoted friend of his 
son-in-law. Soon after the marriage, he gave his daughter and her husband a fine farm on 
Darby Creek, adjoining Plain City, at present knowa as the Jones farm. Mrs. Curry died at 
Marysville, Ohio, April 21, 1856, following her husband to the old Marysville churchyard in 
just one year two months and six day-j. By this marriage there were born to Mr. and Mrs. 
Curry but two children, a daughter and a sou. The eldest, Mary Aletha, was born September 
21, 1829, and the son, Llewellyn, November 28, 1881. Mary was married at her father's house 
in Marysville, June 24, 1846, to William Cooper, merchant, of Xenia, Ohio (deceased in 1849). 
She died at her home in Marysville March 18, 1872. Llewellyn studied law with his father 
and Hon. J. W. Robinson, and in the year 1857 he removed to Chicago, where, as successively 
lawyer, editor and broker, he has since resided. 

The following are some of Mr. Curry's choicest poems : 

TO MY MOTHER. 

Jly mother ! though in darkness now 

The slumber of the grave is passed, 
Its gloom will soon be o'er, and thou 

Wilt break away at last, 
And dwell where neither grief nor pain 
Can ever reach thy heart again. 

Sleep on — the cold and heavy hand 

Of death has stilled thy gentle breast ; 
No rude sound of this stormy laud 

Shall mar thy peaceful rest : 
Undying guardians round thee close. 
To count the years of thy repose. 

A day of the far years will break 

On every sea and every shore. 
In whose bright morning thou shalt wake 

And rise, to sleep no more — 
No more to molder in the gloom 
And coldness of the dreary tomb. 

I saw thy fleeting life decay, 

Even as a frail and withering flower, 
And vainly strove to while away 

Its swiftly closing hour : 
It came, with many a thronging thought 
Of anguish, ne'er again forgot. 

In life's proud dreams I have no part, 

No share in its resounding glee ; 
The musings of my weary heart 

Are in the grave with thee. 
There have been bitter tears of mine 
Above that lowly bed of thine. 



94 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

It seems to my fond memory now, 
As it had been but yesterday, 

When I was but a child, and thou 
Didst cheer me in my play ; 

And in the evenings, still and lone, 

Didst lull me with thy music-tone. 

And when the twilight hours begun. 
And shining constellations came, 

Thou bad'st me know each nightly sun, 
And con its ancient name ; 

For thou hast learned their lore and light 

With watchings in the tranquil night. 

And then, when leaning on thy knee, 
I saw them in their grandeur rise, 

It was a joy, in sooih, to me: 
But now the starry skies 

Seem holier grown and doubly fair, 

Since thou art with the angels there. 

The stream of life, with hurrying flow. 
Its course may bear me swiftly thro'; 

I grieve not, for I soon shall go. 
And by thy side renew 

The love which here for thee I bore. 

And never leave thy presence more. 



THE BLOSSOMS OF LIFE. 

Life is like a sweeping river. 
Ceaseless in its seaward flow — 

On whose waves quick sunbeams quiver, 
On whose banks sweet blossoms grow - 

Blossoms quick to grow and perish ; 

Swift to bloom and swift to fall ; 
Those we earliest learn to cherish 

Soonest pass beyond recall. 

Shall we lose them all forever? 

Leave them on this earthly strand ? 
Shall their joyous radiance never 

Reach us in the spirit land ? 

Soon the tide of life up-flowing 
Buoyantly from time's dim .shore, 

Where supernal flowers are growing. 
Shall meander ever more. 

There the hopes that long have told us 
Of the climes beyond the tomb, 

While superber skies enfold us. 
Shall renew their starry bloom. 

And the bloom that here in sadness 
Faded from the flowers of love 

Shall with its immortal gladness 
Crown us in the world above. 



AUTUMN MUSINGS. 

'lis autumn, Mary, and many a fleeting 
Hath faded since the primal morn of Time ; 
And silently the slowly journeying years. 
All redolent of countless seasons, pass. 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 95 

The spring-time wakes in beauty, and is fraught 
With power to thrill the leaping pulse of joy, 
And urge the footsteps of ideal hope 
With flowery lightness on. In peerless day 
Resplendent summer garlandeih the world ; 
And contemplation through her sky serene 
Ascends unwearied, emulous to le.ad, 
To marshal, and to proudly panoply 
The votaries of ambition as they rise. 
These, with their gilded pageants, disappear, 
And vestal Truth leads on the silent hours 
Of autumn's lonely reign. The weary gales 
Creep o'er the waters, and the sun-brown plains, 
Oft whispering as they pass a long farewell 
To the frail emblems of the waning year, 
The drooping foliage, and the dying leaves. 
This is the time for care ; to break the spell 
Of ever-fading fancy ; to contrast 
The evanescent beams of earthly bliss 
With the long, dread array of deepening ill. 
The ills of life are twofold : those which fall 
With lead-like weight upon the mortal clay 
Are transient in their kind; for the frail dust 
Erelong shall blend with the innumerous sands, 
And atoms of the boundless universe. 
Absorbed in the unfelt, unconscious rest 
Of lifeless, soulless matter, without change, 
Save when the far-off period shall arrive 
Of shadowy nothingness. 

The deadlier ills 
That tinge existence with unbroken gloom 
Are lost to melioration, for they hold 
The ever-during spirit in their grasp. 
And in their kind a withering permanence. 
To linger in unrest — to be endowed 
With high aspiring, endless, limitless I 
On thought's unshackled pinions to outride 
The air-borne eagles of the Appennines ; 
To pierce the surging depths of endless space; 
To revel in the stalwart fervidness 
Of its careering forms! to sweep sublime 
Through the far regions of immensity. 
Then fall astounded from the dreaming height. 
And wake in wildering durance : these are things 
That well may dim the sleepless eyes of care. 
And thou, too, Friendship, pilgrim-child of heaven ! 
The balm that brings the spirit sweet relief 
From the keen stings of sorrow and despair, 
'Tis thine to give; yet the deep quietude 
Of the bereaving tomb hath shrouded oft 
The morning-prime of beings formed for thee. 

THE GREAT HEREAFTER. 

'Tis sweet to think, when struggling 

The goal of life to win. 
That just beyond the shores of time 

The better days begin. 

When through the nameless ages 

I cast my longing eyes. 
Before me, like a boundless sea. 

The Great Hereafter lies. 

Along its brimming bosom 

Perpetual summer smiles 
And gathers like a golden robe. 

Around the emerald isles. 



96 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

There in the long blue distance, 
By lulling breezes fanned, 

I seem to see the tlowering groves 
Of old Beulah's land. 

And far beyond the islands 
That gem the wave serene. 

The image of the cloudless shore 
Of holy Heaven is seen. 

Unto the Great Hereafter — 
Aforetime dim and dark — 

I freely now, and gladly, give 
Of life the wandering bark. 

And in the far-off haven. 

When shadowy seas are passed. 

By angel hands its quivering sails 
Shall all be furled at last. 



THE CLOSING YEAR. 

The year has reached its evening time, 

And well its closing gloom 
May warn us of the lonely night 

That gathers round the tomb. 

But many a distant year and age 

May slowly come and go, 
Before the sleepers of the grave 

Another spring-time know. 

And yet, beyond the gloomy vale. 
Where death's dark river flows. 

On sunniest shores our faith is fixed — 
Our deathless hopes repose. 

We trust that when the night of time 

Shall into morning break. 
We shall, from long and heavy sleep, 

With song and gladness wake. 



THE TIME TO DIE. 

Part not when the sleepers wake 

At the young day's glimmering break — 

Part not in the golden light 

When the early morn is bright, 

And the mist-clouds dark and dim 

All around thee sweep and swim ; 

Through the radiance of the dawn 

Let thy spirit linger on. 

Part not in the fervid noon. 

When the worlds where, swift and soon. 

Thou with plumy wing shalt stray, 

Seem so far, so fallen away. 

Part not in the balmy eve, 

When the passing sunbeams leave 

Wavering crimson all around. 

And the free wind's lulling sound 

And the tones of human mirth 

Bind thee to the homes of earth. 

Rest thee, till the light and power 

Of the waning twilight hour 

Leave thee, girt with shadows dread — 

Gathering darkness round thee spread. 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 97 

Linger till the stars outshine, 
With their long and silent line, 
Winding up the solemn sky, 
To the zenith steep and high ; 
Then along the fearful track 
Let thy spirit wander back, 
Where the times eternal came, 
Ages without end or name. 
Muse upon the millions vast 
Of the unremembered past — 
Older than the hills their birth, 
Changing with the changing earth ; 
Countless host succeeding host. 
Order after order lost ; 
Planted in existence bright, 
On the verge of endless night. 
In this flickering life of pain 
But a moment to remain ; 
Hurrying to eternal sleep 
In their rocky mansions deep. 
Muse upon the coming time, 
When the ancient hills sublime 
Shall be desolate and sere, 
And the seas shall disappear. 
All shall be one mighty tomb, 
In whose overwhelming gloom 
Every form of life shall bow ; 
And of all that greet thee now, 
Many a loved and loving one. 
Not a whisper, not a tone, 
On the wave or on the shore, 
Shall be heard, forevermore. 
Musing in the feeble light 
Of the still and starry night, 
Soon shall thy sad spirit yearn 
For the time to part, and turn 
From the shadowy things of naught 
To the land of life, thy thought — 
From the things of lowly dust 
To the far-off Heaven, thy trust. 
Then upon the closing eye 
Heavy shall the midnight lie — 
Then shall be the hour of doom ; 
Gird thee for its fear and gloom ; 
Calmly from thy cumbering clay 
In the silence pass away. 

It is said by one who saw Mr. Curry dying, that his dissolution was even as described in 
the last lines of the above poem — calmly and in the silence his spirit left the " cumbering clay " 
and the poet's heart was still. 

The following " Fourth of July Ode" was written by Otway Curry,* and was first sung at 
a celebration held at Bigelow's Grove, Pleasant Valley, Madison County, Ohio, July 4, 1833, 
under the leadership of Nelson Cone. The same gentleman led in singing it forty-five years 
later — September 27, 1878, at a re-union of the Curry family on Mx-. Cone's farm in Jerome 
Township : 

God of the high and boundless heaven, 

We call upon Thy name ; 
We tread the soil that Thou hast given 

To freedom and to fame. 
Around us, on the ocean waves. 

Our starry banners sweep ; 
Around us, in their lowly graves, 
Our patriot fathers sleep. 



* The song as here given is found in The Hesperian for July, 1838. 



98 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 



AVith fearless hearts and stalwart hands, 

They bore their eagles high 
O'er serried arms and battle brands, 

Careering in the sky ; 
For freedom, in her darkest day. 

Their life-blood bathed the plain ; 
Their moldering tombs may pass away. 

Their glories shall remain. 

God of tiie free ! Thy children bless, 

With Joy their labor crown ; 
Let their domain be limitless, 

And endless their renown. 
Proclaim the morn of freedom's birth 

O'er every land and sea. 
Till her pure spirit frees the earth. 

Even as the heavens are free. 



THE GOINGS FORTH OF GOD. 

God walketh on the earth. The purling rills 
And mightier streams before Him glance away, 
Rejoicing in His presence. On the plains 
And spangled fields, and in the mazy vales. 
The living throngs of earth before Him fall 
With thankful hymns, receiving from His hand 
Immortal life and gladness. Clothed upon 
With burning crowns the mountain-heralds stand, 
Proclaiming to the blooming wilderness 
The brightness of His coming, and the power 
Of Him who ever liveth, all in all ! 

God walketh on the ocean. Brilliantly 
The glassy waters mirror back His smiles, 
The surging billows and the 'gamboling storms 
Come crouching to His feet. The hoary deep 
And the green, gorgeous islands oU'er up 
The tribute of their treasures — pearls and shells 
And crown-like drapery of the dashing foam. 
And solemnly the tesselated halls, 
And coT'al domes of mansions in the depths, 
And gardens of the golden sanded sea. 
Blend, with the anthems of the chiming waves. 
Their alleluias unto Him who rules 
The invisible armies of eternity. 

God journeyeth in the sky. From sun to sun, 
From star to star, the living lightnings flash, 
And pealing thunders through all space proclaim 
The goings forth of Him whose potent arm . 
Perpetuates existence, or destroys. 
From depths unknown, unsearchable, profound, 
Forth rush the wandering comets ; girt with flames 
They blend, in order true, with marshaling ho^ts 
Of starry worshipers. The unhallowed orbs 
Of earth-born fire, that cleave the liazy air, 
Blanched by the flood of uncreated light, 
Fly with the fleeting winds and misty clouds 
Back to their homes, and deep in darkness lie. 

God journeyeth in the heavens. Refulgent stars, 
And glittering crowns of prostrate Seraphim 
Emboss His burning path. Around Him fall 
Dread powers, dominions, hosts and kingly thrones. 
Angels of God — adoring niillions — ;ioin 
With spirits pure, redeemed from distant worlds. 




♦w«*«r** 




i^^c-v^^^^-: 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 101 

In choral songs of praise : " Thee we adore, 
For Thou art mighty. Everlasting spheres 
Of light and glory in Thy presence wait. 
Time, space, life, light, dominion, majesty. 
Truth, wisdom — all are thine, Jehovah ! Thou 
First, last, supreme, eternal Potentate!" 

The following is the famous " Log Cabin Song," written hy Mr. Curry in 1840, and sung at 
the great Columbus Convention, on the 22d of February, in that year; tune, '• Highland Laddie :" 

Oh, where, tell me where, was your buckeye cabin made? 
Oh. where, tell me where, was your buckeye cabin made? 
'Twas built among the merry boys that wield the plow and spade, 
Where the log cabins stand in the bonnie buckeye shade. 

'Twas l)uilt, etc. 

Oh, what, tell me what, is to be your cabin's fate? 
Oh, what, tell me what, is to be your cabin's fate? 
We'll wheel it to the Capital, and place it there elate. 
For a token and a sign of the bonnie Buckeye State. 

We'll wheel, etc. 

Oh, why, tell me why, does your buckeye cabin go? 
Oh, why, tell me why, does your buckeye cabin go? 
It goes against the spoilsmen, for well its builders know 
It was Hakrison that fought for the cabins long ago. 

It goes, etc. 

Oh, who fell before him in battle, tell me who? 
Oh, who fell before him in battle, tell me who? 
He drove the savage legions, and British armies, too, 
At the Rapids and the Thames, and old Tippecanoe. 

He drove, etc. 

By whom, tell me whom, will the battle next be won? 
By whom, tell me whom, will the battle next be won ? 
The spoilemen and leg-treasurers will soon begin to run, 
And the log-cabin candidate will march to AVashington. 

The spoilsmen, etc. 

what, tell me what, then, will little Martin do ? 

what, tell me what, then, will little Martin do? 

He'll "follow in the footsteps" of Price and Swartwout, too. 

While the log-cabins ring again with Tippecanoe. 

He'll follow, etc. 

Calvin W. McLain, of Jacksonville, 111., in a letter, dated January 31, 1883, mentioning the 
foregoing popular song, and the moving of the campaign log cabin from Marysville to Columbus, 
says : 

" I was then but fifteen years old, and of course cannot give as good a history as one who 
passed through it at mature age. The first I knew of the song, ' where, tell me where was 
your buckeye cabin made,' was a short time before the Columbus Convention of February 22, 
1840, in my father's* office in the court house at Marysville; he was then County Auditor 
I think. Otway Curry had written the song, and he had his ilute playing, and my father 
singing. There may have been othei's present, I cannot say ; at any rate, that was the 
first rehearsal, and they were all wild over it. I was then the printer's devil for the paper 
called Our Freedom, and at once secured a copy of the song, went to work printing it, and was 
the first to put it in type and print it without help. The log cabin was then being built ; I can- 
not recollect about the dedication speeches, etc. When the start was made for Columbus, it was 
before daybreak. I had not obtained permission to go, but secreted myself in one corner 
of the cabin until we were well out of town, and then showed my big bundle of the 
song; consent was given me to go. In addition to yourself, I believe one of the Winget 
boys was along, but think he did not go through. Well I remember the muddy and 
toilsome drive until we struck the pike near Jefferson ; then all was excitement in 
that cabin, preparing for the first grand entry. There we met the delegation from the 
west, and the town was full of people to remain overnight. The song was sung as we 
drove through the streets to the hotel, and there was a rush of people from every direction. On 

* Stephen McLain. 



102 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

arriving at the hotel the ci'owd closed ia on us an 1 demanded the song again ; once more was 
not enough, it had to be repeated, and each verse was followed by such shouts as roused the 
country round about. This first public rendering of the song I cannot better describe than by 
telling the experience of a relative of mine from near Urbaua. He was a stanch Presbyterian 
of the Scottish type. He told me afterward that at this time, while we were singing the song, 
he was approaching the town on his way to Columbus; he heard these shouts at intervals, and, 
as he rode along, came to the conclusion that his party (he was a strong Whig) was going crazy, 
and he then and there decided that he would not take any part, or in any manner have any- 
thing to do with such wild operations. But he approached slowly, and arrived in time to hear 
the last verse, when he joined with the crowd anl yelled as loudly, threw his hat as high, and 
cut as many antics as tiny one ; farther thau that, he did not stop it nor sober down until he got 
home again. As for myself, in looking back over forty-three years, I have made music a study 
in all conditions of society — social, religious, political and nation il — and have engaged with a 
thousand soldier voices in ' Shouting the battle-cry of Freedom,' during the war, but have never 
seen anything to excel the effect produced by this song. 

" After the song was finished the second time, everybody wanted a copy of it. I was seated 
in front with the driver, and handed out my bill songs; my hands were cold and numb; I could 
not handle the money as it rolled in, but by the assistance of all on board, in a short time the 
songs were all gone, and until late at night I was in demand to teach the tune to the purchasers. 
At Jefferson we met another log cabin, 1 think fi'om Springfield, Ohio, but it had been built after 
ours. I claim that the Marysville cabin was the first built for that campaign. I was in the print- 
ing office at the time and had access to all the exchanges, and this fact was impressed on my 
memory. The next day on to Columbus, the Springfield party singing the questions, and the 
Marysville cabin boys the replies. I cannot describe the scenes at Columbus; suffice it to say 
that by the time we got there every one of the party was on the roof of the cabin. Crowds 
swayed from street to street to hear that song again; when the procession was over, the jam 
around us was so great it was impossible to move, and sing we had to as long as there was any- 
body on board. AVe finally wound up by driving in front of the Statesman office; the first verse 
brought Sam Medary to the window, when we gave him some items for his next issue. Several 
printing offices published and sold the song. The State Journal office, learning I was the first 
typo, gave me free all the songs I could seil, and my pockets were well filled when I got home. 
I cannot now recollect the persons who composed the party, except Mr. Curry and 
my father. One more incident and I am done: Some years ago, while visiting at Urbana, 
Ohio, I called at Ab Jennings', then living there, but since moved to Springfield, Ohio. 
While talking with Mrs. Jennings about Marysville, she excitedly arose and left the room; she 
soon returned with a flute in her hand, and with a flourish announced, ' that is the identical 
flute used by Otway Curry in playing \vhile your father sang the log cabin song !' Of course I 
did reverence it. Yours truly, Calvin W. McLain." 

COL. W. L. CURRY, Auditor of Union County, was born on the old Cui-ry homestead in 
Jerome Township, June 2-5, 1839. He is the third son of Stephenson and Sarah D. Curry, and 
a grandson of Col. James Curry, whose history is given elsewhere in this work. His early life 
was passed on his fiither's farm, his education being acquired in the common schools and in the 
Marysville Academy, and Otterbein University, at Westerville. At the age of eighteen years he 
engaged in the profession of teaching, which he followed during the winter seasons of four years. 
On April 24, 1801, in response to the country's first call for volunteers, he enlisted in a company 
for the first three months' service that was not mustered into service, as the " three years' call " 
was issued before the company was recruited to the required number. On September 8, 1861, 
he enlisted in Company K, First Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, and in October, 1861, was appointed 
Orderly Sergeant of his company. His regiment was assigned to the Army of the Cumberland, 
and after serving on scouting duty in Kentucky during the winter of 1861, they marched with 
Gen. Thomas' army to Pittsburgh Landing, in April, 18G2, and participated in the siege of Cor- 
inth. On June IC, 1862, Sergt. Curry was commissioned Second Lieutenant, and on March 3, 
1863, was promoted to First Lieutenant of his company. The next engagement in which he took 
part was at Booneville, Mississippi, followed by Courtland, Alabama, where he was taken prisoner. 
He was exchanged in February, 1863, returned to his regiment and took command of his com- 
pany and participated in the campaign of Gen. Rosencrans' army, from Murfreesboro to Tulla- 
homa and on to Chattanooga. In August, 1863, he was assigned to the command of Compony 
M, and fought at Alpine and Lafayette, Ga., and at (^hickamauga. He commanded this 
company on the famous raid of the rebel cavalry chieftain Gen. Wheeler through Tennessee, in 
the rear of Rosencrans' army, in October, 1863, and fought at McMinville, Murfreesboro, Shel- 
byville, Farmington and Mussel Shoals, Ala. Lieut. Curi*y and his company re-enlisted as vet- 
erans at Pulaski, Tenn., January 4, 1864, and after his veteran furlough of thirty days had ex- 
pired, he joined Sherman's army, early in the spring of 1864, and fought at Moulton, Ala , Peach- 
tree Creek, Noon-day Creek, Kenesaw Mountain, Atlanta, and in Kilpatrick's daring raid around 
the Confederate army in Atlanta, August, 186 i. In September, 1864, he was appointed Quarter- 
master of his regiment, and when Sherman started on his march to the sea, the First Ohio Cav- 
alry marched with the army of Gen. Thomas to Tennessee to intercept Hood, and from there to 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 103 

Louisville, Ky., to mount and equip. On December 14, 1864, Lieut. Curry was promoted to the 
rank of Captain. A few days after his arrival at Louisville, he was violently thrown from his 
horse ami received injuries from which he has never recovered and on account of which he was 
discharged at Nashville, Tenn , December 30, 1864. Returning home he engaged in merchan- 
dising in New California, and in 1869, removed to Plain City, where he was engaged in the same 
business two years. In 1871, he removed to Richwood, where he was engaged in the drug trade 
until his election to the office of County Auditor, in October, 1875. He is now sei-ving his third 
term as Auditor of Union County. He takes an active interest in everything pertaining to mili- 
tary matters, is considered the best authority on military law and history, and devotes a great 
deal of time to the interests of his comrades, in matters of pensions, bounties and other interests. 
He is now serving as commander of Ransom Reed Post, Grand Army of the Republic. He 
served for five years as Lieutenant Colonel of the Fourteenth Regiment Ohio National Guards. 
Col. Curry is a Republican in politics and always takes an active interest in the aifairs of his 
party and in all political matters. He was married, December 21, I860, to Martha J. Robinson, 
daughter of J. D. Robinson, of .Jerome Township. She was born in Jerome Township April 12, 
1843. Three children have been given to bless this union, of whom two are living — Ivaloo and 
Lucile. Mr. and Mrs. Curry are members of the Presbyterian Church at Marysville. 

JAMES CURRY, fourth son of Stephenson and Sarah D. Curry, was born in Jerome Town- 
ship, Union County, Ohio, .January 4, 1842. He followed farming until February 6, 1865. when 
he enlisted and served one year in Company B, One Hundred and Eighty^seventh Ohio Volun- 
unteer Infantry, under Gen. Steadman, in Georgia. Piesumed farming for one year, and in 
April, 1867, began his collegiate course at Vermillion Institute, Hayesville, Ohio, where he de- 
livered an oration at the tri-ennial re-union of old students, August, 1869. He entered the junior 
class of the University of Wooster, Ohio, in the spring of 1871, this being the first year of its ex- 
istence, from which he graduated September 18, 1872, with the degree of A. B., and in 1875, he 
received the degree of A. M. from the same institution. He was chosen professor of mathematics 
in Vermillion Institute previous to graduation from the university, and served in that capacity 
as teacher of Latin and Greek from April, 1872, to June, 1873. He was married to Miss Mag- 
gie A. Sloan, of Hayesville, Ohio, September 30, 1873, and went to California to attend the San 
Francisco Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian Church. He was licensed to preach by the 
Presbytery of San Francisco, March 18, 1874, graduated from the seminary April 29, 1875, and 
received a call to become pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Carson City, Nev., which he de- 
clined, to continue in mission work at San Pablo and West Berkeley, Cil. Under his ministra- 
tions a church was gathered up and organized in each place. He was ordained to the gospel min- 
istry ani installed pastor of the church at San Pablo, August 28, 1876, while a beautiful house 
of worship was erected at West Berkeley in 1879. He was elected President of the Alumni As- 
sociation of the San Francisco Theological Seminary at its organization October, 1880, and was 
twice re-elected, and delivered the first alumni and decennial oration of the seminary in San 
Francisco, April, 1881. He resigned his pastorate at San Pablo, February 1, 1883, to concen- 
trate his labors at West Berkeley. At the present time (February, 1883,) he resides in West 
Berkeley, Cal., is in charge of the Presbyterian Church there, and Modei-ator of the Presbytery 
of San Francisco. 

N. P. DAVIDSON, physician, Marysville, was born in Perry County, Ohio, October 10, 
1849. He is the third son of Nicholas and Sirah (Linn) Davidson. He was reared on a ftirm 
in his native place till fifteen years of age, when he left home to do for himself. He spent one 
summer working by the month in Pickaway County, then went to Clay County, Illinois, where 
he remained till 1872. He taught school, of wiaters for four years, working on the farm during 
the summer. In the fall of 1872 he returned to Ohio, and entered the National Normal School 
at Lebanon, in which he remained as a student two years. He resumed teaching and followed 
it in AVarren, Fairfield and Hocking Counties, three years. He read medicine under Dr. G. W. 
Dawson of Gibsonville, Hocking County, finishing his course in 1877. He attended the Col- 
umbus Medical College, graduating February 24, 1882. In 1877-78, he practiced with his precep- 
tor in medicine, and in 1879 began the practice at Oakland, Fairfield County, where he con- 
tinued until the fall of 1881. In Mirch, 1882. he established himself in Marysville, when he is 
practicing his profession with success. On February 2i, 1877, he was united in marriage with 
Miss Anna Shepherd, daughter of William and Jenette Shepherd, and a native of Xenia, Ohio. 
Dr. Davidson and lady are associated with the Presbyterian Church of Marysville. Dr. D. is a 
member of the Union County Medical Association, and Examining Surgeon for the Michigan 
Mutual Life Insurance Company. He had been a member of the Odd Fellows fraternity "for 
twelve years, having joined Clay City, (Ills.) Lodge in 1871. 

LE ROY DECKER, jeweler, Marysville. This enterprising character, with J. B. Cross, es- 
tablished business in this city in 1874, under the firm name of Decker & Cross. This copart- 
nership dissolved the following year and Mr. Decker succeeding, became sole proprietor of the 
concern. He carries a stock comprising choice selections, in diamonds, watches, clocks, silver- 
ware and a full line of jewelery in valuable and artistic designs. He certainly displays fine and 
judicious j udgment in his purcliases, buying almost exclusively from the manufacturers. Therefore 
he is enabled topresentto the public a line of goods, equal to any establishment of our larger cities. 



104 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Warysville may well feel proud of this class of enterprise, and the purchaser or visitor will al- 
ways meet with a pleasant and hearty welcome from its generous and social proprietor. The 
subject of this sketch whose portrait appears in this volume, emanates from the Buckeye State, 
and was born in Delaware County, Ohio, in 1845. His father, Frederick Decker, was a native of 
New Jersey, who, with his family, occupied an early settlement in Bucyrus. Crawford County, 
Ohio, and was distinguished as a pioneer and mechanic. He was a millwright by occupation, 
and erected one of the first mills in Bucyrus, Ohio. Subsequently he removed to Delaware 
County, Ohio, where he erected several mills which stand to-day as monuments to his enterprise 
and mechanical abilities. For the past twenty-five years he has been engaged in farming, and 
is at this time, August, 188:^, residing on the homestead near Millville, Delaware County. He re- 
tains the ownership of the Millville Mill, an e lifice of Jiis construction located near the home- 
stead. His wife, whose maiden name was Mary A. Munson, was born in New .Jersey, and joined 
her husband in his success and sorrows until death called her from its scenes. Her demise oc- 
curred in Delaware County, in 1855. She was a Christian lady, a fond mother and devoted wife. 
Le Roy Decker was reared on a farm and was taught to toil with his hands. In 18(3 3, he joined 
the boys in blue in Company D, One Hundred and Forty-fifth 0. N. G., and served four months 
in the field. The regiment was stationed at Arlington Heights performing duty at Forts Craig 
and Tillinghast. Returning to peaceful pursuits, he was married July 4, 18G5, to ^liss Maria L. 
^Vinget, a native of Delaware County, and a daughter of W. C. Winget, with whom he subsequent- 
ly became associated in the mercantile trade at Ostrander. This connection dissolved nine years 
later, during which time Mr. D. learned the jewelry trade with Spencer Lincoln, of Delaware, 
after which he further pursued his studies in the wholesale house ofG. T. Dorlin, of Cincinnati, 
Ohio, and became a thorough student and master of his profession. Mr. D. is a member of the 
Blue Lodge and Chapter in the Masonic fraternity of this city, and the Raper Commandery, No. 
ID, of Urbana, Ohio. The family are members of the Presbyterian Church. His living children 
are Ella A. and Edith M. 

DAVIU EDWARDS, book-keeper, Marysville, is the eldest son of Jesse P. and Abrilla 
(Stephens) Edwards, both natives of Bedford County, Penn., who came to Ohio in 1847, and 
selected a home in Licking County, where they resided until 1861, when they moved and settled 
in Jerome Township, Union County, where they yet remain. The subject of this sketch was 
born in Bedford County, Penn., September 1(3, 1836. He received his primary education in 
the schools of Clyde, Sandusky County, completing his education at the Ohio Wesleyan Uni- 
versity, at Delaware, Ohio, and for two years prior to the Rebellion taught school in Licking 
County. In the spring of 1861, he further pursued his studies in the Na ional Normal School 
at Lebanon, and the following year taught school at that place. In the summer of 1862, he 
came to this city, and in August enlisted as First Sergeant in Company K, Ninety-sixth Ohio 
Volunteer Inf;intry. He participated in the first engagement against Vicksburg, under Sherman, 
and at Arkansas Post, January 11', 1863. The following spring he was discharged at Jefferson 
Barracks, near St. Louis, on account of disability. Returning to peaceful pursuits, he was ap- 
pointed Assistant Assessor of Internal Revenue, under C. S. Hamilton, and discharged the duties 
of that office two years, at which time he was appointed Postmaster. In this position he served 
two years, and resigned. Subsequently he bccime associated as assistant agent of the C, C, C. 
and I. R. R., and became General Agent and Express Agent, July 1, 1872. This avocation he 
followed for ten years, and in July, 1881, he engaged as bookkeeper for the Butter Tub Factory, 
in whose employ he is at this time engaged. IMr. Edwards has served on the School Board two 
terms, and also in the City Council. He ran on the Independent ticket for Clerk, in 1881, and 
is a citizen well known and highly esteemed. He was married in 1864 to Miss Lucinda, a 
daughter of Oliver Brooks, a native of Licking County, Ohio. This union has been blessed 
with four children, three of whom are living, viz.: Dwight B., Orra H. and Arthur H. Mr. Ed- 
wards is a member of the Masonic order, the G. A. R., and connected wiih the Methodist Epis- 
copal Church. Politically, he is a Republican. 

JOHN S. FLECK, of the firm of Fleck & Chapman, planiug-mill, Mai-ysville, is a son of 
John and Mary (Abrams) Fleck, both natives of Cumberland County, Penn., who settled in 
Tuscarawas ('"ounty, Ohio, in 1833. The following year he moved and entered upon a mercantile 
pursuit at Carrollton, Ohio. In the spring of 1842, he purchased and settkd upon a farm in Je- 
rome Township, Union County, which at that time was mostly wooded. Here he industriously 
worked in clearing the land and plying his trade, shoe-making. He was an energetic man, and 
a citizen widely known and esteemed. He lost his wife by death in 1858. His demise is re- 
corded in 1872. The subject of this sketch was born in Cumberland County, Penn., January 4, 1827. 
He became a citizen of Marysville in the fall of 1844, and engaged as an apprentice at the carpen- 
ter's trade with Samuel Restler. Three years after he took contracts for building, and entered 
largely upon the work of his profession. In 1875, he formed the above copartnership, and the 
firm erected the mill where they have since carried on a large and successful trade in the man- 
ufacture of sash, doors and building material. The building covers four lots and has a frontage 
on Main sti'eet of 264 feet. It is fully stocked with lumber, and the house employs from fifteen 
to twenty men. This firm began business with a capital of $2,500 each, and the sales for year 
1881 were $45,000. The estimate for 1882 is $60,000. Mr. Fleck was married in 1849, to Miss 



TARIS TOWNSHIP. 105 

Anna Rose, a native of Lancaster County, Penn., by whom he has three children, all living, 
viz.: Mary E., Edwin and Charles H. 

GEORGE A. FOX, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1824. He, 
with his step-father, William Boerger, and his wife, Elizabeth, emigrated to this country in 1844. 
Andrew Fox, father of this subject, died before he (George) was born. He sought employment 
at Columbus, Ohio, where he became engaged and learned the trade of a bricklayer. This avo- 
cation he diligently pursued until 1853, when he moved to this county, and two years afterward 
purchased his present estate, consisting of seventy-two and three fourths acres, thirty-three 
acres of which lie in the limits of the corporation. He also has another fixrm of 138 acres in 
Paris Township, most of which is under cultivation. He was united in marriage April 1, 1850, 
with a daughter of Adam Kuhlman, of this county. Five children born to this union are 
living, as follows: Emanuel, George W., John L., Nettie M. and Frederick C. Mr. Fleck served 
in the ranks of the United States Army in 1847, during the war with Mexico, enlisting in Com- 
pany B, of the Fourth Ohio Infantry, serving until its close, in 1848. He is a Trustee of 
the Lutheran Church of thi-s city, and a mm whose success in life has been marked by energy, 
economy and unremitting attention to business. 

GEORGE EMANUEL FOX, contractor and builder, Marysville, Ohio, was born in Darby 
Township, this county, November (5, 1851, and is a son of George A. and Susanna (Kuhlman) 
Fox, natives of Bavaria, Germany, who came to America in 1844 and 1840, respectively. George 
is the eldest of five children — four sons and one daughter. He removed with his parents to 
near Marysville in 1854, from Columbus, Ohio, to which place they went soon after his birth. 
At the age of thirteen, he began learning the trade of masonry and bricklaying, and, seven years 
later, went to Columbus, in which place and others he followed his trade ten years, and then 
returned to Marysville. He is an efficient workman, and as monuments to his skill we mention 
the City Hall, Robinson Building, German Church, Tribune Building, Gunderman Building and a 
number of elegant private residences. He also built school buildings at the following places : 
Woodstock, Milford Centre, and Irwin Station. He was married January 24, 1876 to Miss 
Josephine daughter of Andrew and Margaret Burger, who has borne him four children, viz., 
Carrie, Nettie, Katie and Mary. Mi-s. Fox was born March 19, 1853. Both are members of 
the German Lutheran Church. Mr. Fox affiliates with the Democratic party and is a member of 
the City Council. 

GEORGE W. FOX, Chief of Fire Department, 3\Iarysville, was born in Paris Township March 
20, 1855, and is a brother of George E. Fox, whose sketch appears in this work. He was reared 
to farm pursuits until eighteen years of age. at which time he began learning masonry and brick- 
laying with his father, with whom he served three years. He was afterwai-d connected with his 
brother in the same business three years, and assisted in the erection of the buildings spoken of 
in George E.'s sketch. He has been a member of the city fire department since 1878, and was 
elected its chief in April, 1880, and re-elected in 1882. He was married January 17, 1878, to 
Barbara, daughter of George and Mary Geier, by whom he has had two children, viz., Mary and 
George William. Both Mr. and iNft-s. Fox are exemplary members of the German Lutheran 
Church, and are socially esteemed by their many friends and acquaintances. Mrs. F. was born 
at Columf>us, Ohio, in 1855. 

WESLEY GARKARD, merchant, Marysville. This establishment was opened to the public 
by its present proprietor, November 19, 1858, at that time located in a building on the present 
site of the Farmers' Bank. This institution gained notoriety, and became widely known as the 
Buck-horn Store, by the sign of the horns over the door. The stock consists of groceries, hard- 
ware and notions — in fact any article not to be found elsewhere, from a wooden tooth-pick to an 
anvil, may be had at Garrai-d's. He purchased the premises of his present location, which he 
occupied in 1872. His stock is complete, and his trade solid and substantial. Mr. Garrard i'< a 
native of Harmony Township, Clark Co., Ohio, where he was born June 9, 1839 ; he is the only 
child of Joseph and Lucy (Allen) Garrard, the former a son of Jacob Garrard, a native of Penn- 
sylvania, and a pioneer of Clark County. He afterward moved to Madison County, where he 
died. The maternal grandparent, Elijah Allen, was a nitive of \irginia, a soldier in the war 
of 1812, and among the pioneers of JNIadison County. The parents of our subject moved with 
the family to this city, where he, .Joseph, lived to the close of his life, November 23, 1880. He 
was a social, genial, warm-hearted, home-loviog man, who left a host of friends to mourn his 
loss. The wife and mother, who survives, is in the sixty-seventh year of her age. Mr. Garrard 
has been elected Justice of the Peace several terms, and will serve until April, 1883. He was 
Mayor of this city six .years, and is serving the second term on the School Board at the present 
time, July, 1882, also serving the third year as School Trustee, and is an honored member of 
the Masonic order. His marriage to Miss Dorcas Cheney, of Jackson Township, Union County, 
was celebrated in 1859. Three children born to this union are all living, viz., Frank H., Pearl 
C. and Clyde E. 

SAMUEL G. GILCRIST, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, 
February 1, 1337. He is a son of Thomas C. and Eleanor (Guthrie) Gilcrist, the former a na- 
tive of Brooke County, W. Va., and the latter of Harrison County, Ohio; his father was born 
August 1, 1812; his parents, William and Jane (Smith) Gilcrist, were among the earliest settlers 



106 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

of Belmont County; they removed to Greene County about 1840, where they both died. Thomas 
C. Gilcrist married Ellen Guthrie, who bore him eight children, viz. — Samuel G., the subject of 
this sketch; William S.; Austin ; Adalaide, wife of William .V. HoUenback ; Elizabeth J., wife 
of B. F. James; Robert A.; Mary R., wife of Nathan HoUenback, and Thomas F. Mr. and 
Mrs. Gilcrist resided in Harrison and Greene Counties till 1855, when they located in Mill Creek 
Township, this county, and the following year removed to Bureau County, 111., where Mrs. G. 
died .January 14, 18()2. Samuel G. our subject, was reared to manhood by his parents, and 
was educated in the common schools and high schools of Princeton, 111.; he followed teaching, 
of winters, for ten years ; in 186"2 he removed to Marshall County, 111., and in 1865 returned to 
Union County and located on the farm that he now occupies. His marriage occured September 
9, 1802, with Miss Elizabeth Longbrake, a daughter of Levi Longbrake, one of the wealthiest 
citizens of Union County. Mrs. Gilcrist was born in Paris Township, September 30, 1844. 
Four children were the fruits of this union — Franklin M., born April 22, 1865 ; Levi L., born 
February 14, 1868; Ellen G., born May lo, 1872, and Samuel S., born August 3, 1878. Mr. 
Gilcrist owns a productive and well improved farm of 226 acres. He is engaged in tlie pursuits 
of agriculture and rearing fine stock, and ranks as one of the successful farmers of the county. 
He and wife are associated with the Disciples' Church, and are also connected with the Grange, 
with which ^Ir. Gilcrist has been prominently identified since its organization. He is now serv- 
ing the fourth year as .Master and has also filled various other offices of that Order. He is a 
member of the Board of Township Trustees, and in politics is Republican. 

^IICHAEL GUNDERMAN, farmer. P. 0. Marysville, was born in Germany, April 18, 1826 ; 
at the age of ten yeai's his parents. George P. and Sophia Guncerman, emigrated to America 
and settled in Hamilton, Ohio, where they resided til! 184(>and removed to Union County. ^Ir. 
Gunderman died in Marysville .Tune 15, 1868, and ^Irs. G., December, 1876. Michael is the 
eldest of eight children; he was reared to manhood on a farm and married. January 27, 1857, 
to Miss Elizabeth B. a daughter of John W. and Elizabeth B. Borger. Mrs. G. was born in 
Germany, January 10, 1886. Their nine children are as follows : Anna M., wife of John Tear- 
gardener, Elizabeth M., Anna M., John G , John K., Anna B., Lydia, John W. and John M. 
"When ^Ir. G. was sixteen, he started for himself at wages of $3 per month, and now owns 
105 acres of fine land. He is by occupation a farmer; for thirty-five years he followed the 
carpenter trade. Politically he is Democratic ; he and family are members of the Lutheran 
Church. 

HON. CORNELIUS S. HAMILTON (deceased). This gentleman, the circumstances of 
whose tragic death are well-remembered by the citizens of Union County, for many years occu- 
pied a very prominent position in his county and State. He was chosen to represent the Eighth 
Congressional District of Ohio, in the fall of 1866, and at the time of his death, December 22, 
1867, was yet a member of the National Legislature. The editor of the Marysville Tribune wrote 
of him as follows : 

•'No event has ever occurred in our midst that has cast so deep a gloom over our community 
as the death of Hon. C. S. Hamilton. He was one of the few men living of whom it might have 
been said in truth that ' he had no enemy.' He was always foremost in every enterprise de- 
signed to build up the interest of Marysville, as well as the entire county. He has left behind 
him monuments of enterprise that will call up his name for generations to come. He sympa- 
thized deeply with every work of charity designed to allay the miseries of others, or to carry 
on the religious enterprises of the day, and his purse and heart were ever open to all calls made 
upon 'him at home and from abroad. It has been truthfully said of him by a cotempirary that 
he was ' a man of decided convictions and an iron man, and had an impatience amounting to al- 
most intolerance on half-way measures.' No one was ever in doubt as to the po«ition of Mr. 
Hamilton on any question. He was a radical in every sense of the term, believing firmly in the 
doctrine that no truth could be safely compromised with error; and thus believing, he acted upon 
the principle of rejecting any compromise which would have the least tendency to thwart any 
salutary end desired to l>e secured. This characteristic was backed by a judgment that never 
failed to inspire confidence in his views and sentiments. He possessed innate powers of mind, 
and such a clear conception of right as enabled him to grasp everything he desired to accomplish 
and give it a practical turu, and every opposition manifested to what he considered to be right 
and proper only tended to develop a force of character which was irresistible. He was no dog- 
matist, but was always willing to hear the suggestions and opinions of others. He was one of 
the comparatively few public men whose mind was schooled to travel in the right direction from 
a high sense of honor. This gave him a strong hold on the atfeciions of the people, which they 
at diiferent times acknowledged by electing him to responsible positions in the State and Nation. 
Few men to our knowledge have combined more of good trails and less evil ones than Mr. Ham- 
ilton. He was the noblest work of God — ' an honest man.' Thera was not a heart in Union 
County that was not touched bj' his untimely death. We are passing through a season of sorrow 
and gloom such as we have never witnessed. The town and count3% as well as the family and 
friends, are bereaved of one whom to know was to love and respect, and his name and virtues 
will he cherished for long years to come." 

Mr. Hamilton was the first person sent to Congress from Union (^ounty. He had been long 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 107 

an honored member of the bar of his county, and, at a meeting of that body shortly subsequent 
to his death, resolutions of respect were tendered to his memory, and earnest and heartfelt sym- 
pathy to his family. In Congress, the news of his death was received as a great shock, while 
the press of Washington City and other prominent points united in paying tribute to the memory 
of the good man fallen iu the midst of his life-work. Hon. William Lawrence, of Ohio, a fellow- 
congressman, performed the duty of announcing his death in the House of Representatives, and 
in the coui-se of his remarks gave the following facts in the history of the deceased : 

" Cornelius Springer Hamilton was born January 2, 1821, in the Township and County of 
Mu.skingum, in the State of Ohio, where he resided with his parents until they and he removed 
to Union County eai-ly in 1839. His father and paternal grandfather were men of commanding 
personal presence, fervent piety, and much native force of intellect. An uncle. Rev. Samuel 
Hamilton, was, in the early pan of his life, and perhaps to the age of fifty years, a man of very 
superior gifts. The mother of the deceased — of the family of the Springers — like her kinsmen, 
was distinguished by great force of character. She was diffident, quiet, with deep piety, untir- 
ing energy, and strong, vigorous intellect. The paternal and maternal ancestors belonged to the 
class of independent farmers. The father died only a few months since in the seventy-ninth 
year of his age ; and though he raised twelve children, ten sons and two daughters, every one of 
whom when the youngest reached majority, yet it is said — and truly — that he did not live long 
enough ever to have heard one of his children swear an oath, to see one chew or smoke tobacco, 
or to know of one ever having been intoxicated, or even to have taken a dram at a place of pub- 
lic drinking. The energy, industry and pure morality of the parents were inherited by their 
children, including the deceased. Up to his eighteenth year, he labored assiduously on the pa- 
ternal farm in Muskingum, with the ordinary advantages of common schools for two or three 
months each winter during the latter half of this period. After the removal to Union County, 
for two years he directed and with great energy and determination assisted the labor by which 
the father's newly-acquired forest of 1,500 acres was in rapid process of being converted into de- 
lightful farms. During his twentieth and twenty-fir.st years, he devoted about eighteen months 
■with great industry in improving his education at Granville College. He early gave evidence 
of superior intellectual power, and during the years of his farm labor he was a daily student of 
history, biography, or other works. His early but well-read library consisted of Weem's Life 
of Washington, the Life of Marion, History of Western Adventures, Goodrich's History of the 
United States, histories of Rome and Greece, and American Biography, to which were added by 
his uncle. Rev. C. Springer, .Johnson's Rambler, Boswell's Life of Johnson, and the Spectator. 
Upon the removal to the forest home in Union County, a good supply of works of standard poets 
was added — those of Pollock, Milton, Shakespeare, Pope, Goldsmith, Campbell, Lamb, Kirke 
White and Rogers, not omitting Burns. Though few, if any, surpassed Mr. Hamilton on that 
great forest farm in daily labor, yet he was a devoted and industrious student of these great 
masters. He realized the necessity of great application to develop the mind and store it with 
abundant knowledge, and he has illustrated the words of a great author of antiquity : 
" ' Nil sine magno. 
Vita labore dedid mortalibus ; ' " 
or, as Wirt has, with some latitude, translated it into his own almost unrivaled eloquence : 
' There is no excellence without great labor. It is the fiat of fate from which no power of genius 
can absolve.' 

"The age of twenty-two found this rising man a fine English scholar, with a rare knowledge 
of the authors I have named, and of that book of books, the Bible, which a father's care and a 
mother's love had earnestly and always taught him to study, to reverence, and to obey ; whose 
precepts he accepted and through life made a rule of practice and of faith by practice, rather 
than in professions, or in adherence to any particular and established school of doctrine. Of 
him it may be truly said, ' he loved virtue for virtue's sake,' and with a firm belief in the truths 
of Christianity his ' life was in the right.' 

" He continued his agricultural pui'.-uits up to about the year 1847. In the meantime, 
about 1845, he held the ofiBce and performed the duties of Land Appraiser and Assessor in his 
county. In 1850, he was elected a member of the Constitutional Convention which, during its 
sittings in 1850 and 1851, framed the present Constitution of the State of Ohio. He was soon 
after admitted to the bar and engaged in the practice of the law. About the same time, he be- 
came the editor and proprietor of the Marysville Tribune, which he conducted with marked 
ability, contributing much to mold the political and moral sentiment of the community in which 
he resided. In 1856 and 1857. he represented his district in the Senate of Ohio with a fidelity 
and an ability which secured for him a high reputation throughout the State. During the first 
session, he was made chairman of a committee intrusted with the important duty of investigat- 
ing certain alleged frauds connected with the leasing of the public works of the State. His in- 
vestigations and researches were prominent topics of discussion by the press and political parties, 
but the concurrent testimony of all connected with them is that he dared to do what he conceived 
to be his duty, and no party fealty could induce him to swerve from that, whatever might be the 
peril to him personally or to the party whose general principles he supported. In the discus- 
sions to which this led he wielded a pen the power of which has never, perhaps, been more for- 



108 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY, 

cibly felt in any State controversy ; but it belongs rather to the history of Ohio than to especial 
consideration here. When the national internal revenue act of July 1, 1802, was put in operation, 
he was appointed by President Lincoln Assessor of the Eighth Congressional District of Ohio, 
and performed the duties of the office with an ability, energy and fidelity which commanded the 
public approval and the confidence of all in his unsullied integrity. After the Philadelphia Con- 
vention of 1866. being opposed to the policy of President .Johnson, he was relieved of the posi- 
tion he had so well and so faithfully filled. In August, 1866, he was nominated as a candidate 
for Congress in the Eighth Ohio District, and in October of that year was elected over his com- 
petitor by over 1,800 majority. 

" While engaged in his duties here as a member of the present Congress, during the past 
month, he was notified by his wife that one of their sons was seriously aflBicted with indications 
of insanity. He immediately repaired to his home to find his worst fears realized. On Satur- 
day, December 21, he harl made arrangements to remove the insane son to an asylum on the 
Monday following. On the m orning of the next day, the Sabbath, while engaged in feeding his 
stock, the son, in a fit of frenzy, bereft, of reason and unconscious of crime, with a strip of plank 
struck the fatal blows which, fracturing the skull of his father, produced instant death. This 
son is described in perhaps the last letter ever written by our departed colleague, thus : ' He 
has been one of the most quiet, industrious aud exemplary boys I ever knew, and my chief reli- 
ance for the management of my affairs and the control of my other children in my absence.' 

" Thus passed away, in the prime of manhood, by a sad calamity, just as he had entered on 
an enlarged sphere of usefulness, one among the able and useful men of the Nation, honored and 
beloved by all who knew him. Few men in Ohio wielded an abler pen, or wielded it from 
higher convictions of duty, than did Mr. Hamilton. ***** When the Thirty-ninth 
Congress commenced the discussion of the great work of reconstruction, ^Ir. Hamilton wrote and 
published a masterly pamphlet in favor of extending suffrage to men in all the late insurgent 
States, regardless of race or color. It attracted %vide attention and produced a deep effect on 
the public mind, being at the time of its publication in advance of public opinion. * * * 

" He has passed from earth to the ' sublinier views of another and a better world which 
Christianity has unfolded with such inexpressible glory — where this corruptible shall put on in- 
corruption aud this mortal shall put on immortality.' Men pass away, but the lofty spirits that 
conceive, and, from right motives, execute good works here, these cannot pei'ish : 
" 'These shall resist the empire of decay. 
When time is o'er and worlds have passed away ; 
Cold in the dust the perished heart may lie. 
But hat which warmed it once can never die.' 

"Mr. Speaker, I move the adoption of the following resolutions which I send to the Clerk's 
table : 

^'Resolved, That in the death of Hon. Cornelius S. Hamilton, late Representative in Congress 
from the Eighth District of Ohio, this House has lost a worthy and ust'ful member, the country 
a most estimable citizen, and his family, relatives and associates a steadfast and valued friend. 

" Resolved, That, to give expression to our due appreciation of the talents, attainments and 
patriotism of the deceased, and to indicate their regret and sorrow for his lamented death, the 
members of this House will wear ihe usual badge of mourning for thirty days. 

" Resolved, That these resolutions be spread upon the Journal of the House of Eepresenta- 
tives, and that a copy thereof be sent by its Clerk to the family of the deceased. 

" Resolved, That, as a mark of respect for the memory of the deceased, this House do now 
adjourn." 

The announcement of Mr. Hamilton's death was made to (he Senate by Mr. McPherson, 
Clerk of the House, and the members also adopted similar resolutions to those passed in the 
House. Mr. Hamilton was married to Miss Louisa Vansant, in Muskingum County, Ohio, and 
left the wife and six children, three sons and three daughters, to mourn him. He was the fifth 
in descent from Charles Christopher Springer, the Swede, of Wilmington, Delaware, so favorably 
referred to by Clay in his Annals of the Swedes, and by Ferris in his Original Settlers on the 
Delaware. 

I. N. HAMILTON, physician, Marysville. Dr. Hamilton is a descendant of a State pioneer 
family. His father, William Hamilton, was a native of Virginia, from which State he moved 
to Muskingum County, Ohio, in 1800, being among the first settlers to fell the trees and clear a 
cabin spot in Springfield Township. He served the county some years as Commissioner, and 
became widely and popularly known. He was a zealous worker in the cause of Christianity, 
and devoted many years as a local preacher of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He grounded 
the first Methodist organization west of the Alleghanies, at Janesville, Ohio, aud fartlier ex- 
tended his labors in making long circuits. In 1838, he purchased 1,500 acres of land in Clai- 
bourne Township, Union County, upon which he afterward moved and settled with his family. 
The tract was a dense forest, and he, with his boys, set to work felling timber for a clearing. 
Large sugar trees yielded a good crop of sugar and molasses, which was followed by the first 
sown crop of corn, and the work of clearing went on until 500 acres of dense forest had given 
way to smiling fields, and his acres of woodland rapidly gave place to acres of wheat. On this 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. Ill 

farm he lived and toiled and sorrowed and rejoiced for thirty years, and in the bosom of it his 
body now rests in peace. He was the original organizer of the Methodist Protestant Church of 
Richwood, in 1838, and founded similar institutions at Essex, Pharisburg, Scioto and other 
points. At the time of his death, in 1868, he was in the seventy-eighth year of his age. His 
first marriage, to Miss Elizabeth Ewing, occurred in Virginia ; she died leaving four children. 
His second wife, Lydia Springer, was a native of Virginia, who died after bearing eight children. 
The subject of this sketch was the seventh son of William and Lydia (Springer) Hamilton, and 
was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, June 25, 1828. He was raised on a farm and learned 
to labor with his hands. He received the common school education of his day, and gave much 
of his f pare time to the study of medicine. He remained on the farm until twenty-two yen-s 
of age, and in 1852 entered upon a course of study in Starling Medical College. SubsequeLtly, 
he began the practice of his profession at Amity, Madison Co., Ohio. Two years later, he re- 
moved to Unionville, Union County, and in 1862 he returned to the college for graduation. The 
Doctor became a resident physician of Marysville, in 1868, being in constant practice since that 
time. He enlisted in 1862, as private in the three mouths' call of the Eighty-sixth Ohio Vol- 
unteer Infantry, and was detailed Surgeon of the regiment, in which rank he served the call. 
He has been Examining Surgeon for pensioners, the past twelve years, served this city in its 
Council, is a member of the School Board, a tried member of the Masonic fraternity, and of 
the G. A. R. Also of the Methodist Episcopal Church. The Doctor was married in 1850, to 
Miss Margaret C. a daughter of Michael Cramer, a pioneer of Union County, where she was 
born. Six children were born to this union, three of whom are living, viz.: Charles S., Frank 
N. and Michael N. The eldest son, George 0., died at the residence of his parents, on Friday, 
September 1, 1882. He was a member of the Franklin County bar, and after his death a meet- 
ing of the bar was held at Columbus, with a full attendance, appropriate speeches were made 
and a touching memorial prepared. He was born .January 11, 1851, and spent two years read- 
ing law in the office of Piper & Robinson, at Marysville, after which he attended Harvanl Law 
School. He was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court of the State, May 27, 1874, and 
shortly afterward formed a partnership with Col. M. C. Lawrence, then one of the leading law- 
yers of Union County. In October, 1877, he went to Columbus as a member of the firm of 
Hamilton & Henderson, and continued in the practice there until compelled to give it up by 
reason of failing health. In July, 1878, his health began failing, and for two years thereafter 
he struggled to maintain his place at the bar, but in vain ; and at Inst was compelled to give it 
up and return to his home, where he died 

COL. JOSEPH G. HAWKINS, deceased, was born in Goshen, Litchfield County, Conn., 
January 11, 1828. His fotber, Joseph Hawkins, was a native of that State and a relative of the 
Grants, the immediate ancestors of Gen. U. S. Grant. His mother, whose maiden mame was 
Submitt L. French, was also a native of the said State. When Joseph was a mere infant, his 
father, with his family, consisting of himself, wife and the subject of this sketch, came to Ohio, 
and settled in Summit County, near the town of Hudson, where he purchased a farm and com- 
menced business as a farmer, dairyman and stock raiser. The mother of Joseph died when he 
was about two years of age. His father again married and continued to reside on the farm first 
purchased by him, until his death, which occurred in August, 1872. Here Joseph lived, at- 
tended school and worked on the farm during his early years. His education was chiefly ob- 
tained in the common schools, with some time spent at the " Bissel School," near Hudson, finish- 
ing with a term or two at Chester Academy, in Geauga County. He continued with his father 
until May, 1847, when he enlisted at Columbus in the company commanded by Capt. M. C. 
Lilley, Fourth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Col. C. H. Brough commanding. The regi- 
ment, was ordered to Mexico, going first to Matamoras, and, after a short stay, to Vera Cruz, 
which was reached on September 18th. From Vera Cruz, with the forces under Gen. Joe Lane, 
he marched toward the City of Mexico, participating in all the battles fought by Lane's command 
until reaching Puebla, from which place the regiment turned back, by reason of the expiration 
of the term of its enlistment, having been in service fourteen months, two more than the term 
for which it had been originally enlisted. Mr. Hawkins returned to his home, and again en- 
gaged in labor on his father's farm, where he continued until November 20. 1849, when he was 
united in marriage with Miss Isabel Jane Smart, oldest daughter of Col. William Smart, of 
Delaware County, Ohio, an estimable young lady, with whom he happily lived up to the break- 
ing out of the rebellion. To them were born two children, a son and a daughter; Leroy S., born 
September 1, 1851, developed into an amiable, sprightly lad and died April 7,1864. Submitt C, 
the daughter, is now living, is an intelligent and well-educated young woman, the wife of Mr. 
Charles Kelsey, of Marysville. The widow and mother of these children resides in Delaware, 
Ohio, and receives a pension from the Government. Soon after his marriage, Mr. Hawkins 
settled on a farm, in Summit County, whei-e for about three years he engaged in farming and 
dairy business. 

He moved to Marysville January, 1852, and engaged in the grocery trade ; but finding this 
occupation not congenial to his taste and habits of life, he soon abandoned it, and engaged 
in various pursuits of a more active nature, being constantly emplo^"ed in some of the 
various branches of industry, up to the time of the attack on Fort Sumter. On receiving the 



112 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

intelligence of this act of treason and rebellion against the Government, his patriotic soul became 
fired with indignation. He forlhwith prepared a roll, inscribed his name thei-eon, and, mainly 
by his own exertions, raised a company, for the three months' service, under the call of the 
President for 75,000 men. On the organization of the company, he was unanimously elected 
Captain, and the organization completed by electing M. C. Lawrence as First Lieutenant, 
and Isaiah Slocum Second Lieutenant. This being done, Capt. Hawkins went to Columbus, 
reported to the proper authorities, and his company was accepted for duty, to report at Camp 
Jackson at the eariiest moment practicable. His purpose being made known, the citizens of 
Marysville resolved the departure should be signalized by appropriate services. 

The patriotic ladies of Marysville resolved that they would not be outdone, and decided to 
present a flag to the company when ready for camp. With commendable zeal and industry they 
set to work; they readily found material for the red and blue, but nothing suitable for the white 
was obtainable at the stores. M ss Emily A. Carter, an estimable, patriotic young lady, was the 
fortunate possessor of a beautiful dress of the desired material, which she generously donated, 
and in due time the flag was completed. It was arranged that on the morning of April 25, 
1861, the company should meet the citizens at the Methodist Episcopal Church, and after appro- 
priate ceremonies, the flag be presented. Accordingly, as designated, the citizens assembled, 
the company filed in and took seats reserved for them ; brief addresses followed, and an appro- 
priate and fervent prayer by Rev. James Smith, at the conclusion of which the company was 
drawn up in line in front of the church, where the flag was presented, with a most eloquent, 
stirring and patriotic address, on behalf of the ladies, delivered by Miss Mary Coe, now the wife 
of Maj. R. R. Henderson, Minneapolis, INIinn. Lieut. Slocum received the flag, on behalf of 
the company, and responded in a feeling manner, and in words fitly chosen. Then came the 
leave-taking between the soldiers and their families, after which the company fell into line, 
marched to the depot, and were soon off for Columbus. Reaching the city, it marched to Camp 
Jackson and was assigned to the Thirteenth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, then nearly full. 
On organizing, A. Sandeis Pratt was commissioned as Colonel, Columbus B. Mason, Lieutenant 
Colonel, and Joseph G. Hawkins, Major. 

On May 9, the regiment reached Camp Dennison, near Cincinnati, where it was re-organ- 
ized and enlisted for three years. On re-organization, W. S. Smith, an officer who had served 
in the regular army, was commissioned as Colonel, Lieut. Col. Mason and Maj. Hawkins retain- 
ing their former positions. June 30, the regiment was ordered to West Virginia to re-enforce 
Gen. McClellan, and accordingly proceeded, by wsxy of the Ohio River, reaching Parkersburg, 
Va., on the 1st of July, one thousand strong. July 14, the regiment boarded cars on the Park- 
ersburg Branch Railroad for Oakland, Md., and from thence marched to Greenland Gap. On 
arriving at that place, no enemy being found, the regiment returned, by way of Oakland, to 
Clarksburg, Va., thence to Sutton, on Elk Paver, and went into camp on the hills, where it was 
joined by infantry and artillery, so that the combined force amounted to about five thousand. 
During the stay here, the Thirteenth was occupied in picket duty and scouting. Early in Sep- 
tember, the army under command of Gen. W. S. Rosecrans set out in pursuit of a large force 
under the rebel Gen. John B. Floyd, and came up with him on the 10th, strongly intrenched at 
Carnifax Ferry, where a fierce and hotly contested battle was fought, in which the Thirteenth 
was engaged, occupying the extreme left of the line. In this engagement the Thirteenth, both 
officers and men, exhibited such coolness and bravery that it won the lasting respect of the 
commanding General, and thereafter he regarded it with much favor. There, Col. John W. 
Lowe, of the Twelfth, fell early in the action, and later in the day, Col. William H. Lytle, of the 
Tenth, was severely wounded. Here also fell the first Union County soldier killed in the serv- 
ice UD to this time — Ransom Reed, of Maj. Hawkins' old company. The enemy retreated 
during the night and their works were taken possession of by the Union troops early next 
morning, and soon thereafter the Thirteenth took up a position at Gawley Bridge. While here, 
Maj. Hawkins, on October 25, was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel, to succeed Lieut. Col. C. B. 
Mason, resigned. 

The Thirteenth now formed a part of Beuham's brigade, and with it, on November 6, 
crossed the Kanawha River, and camped at Loup (]reek, where McMuUen's battery joined the 
brigade, and on November 12 the whole force set out in pursuit of Floyd, then in command of 
the entire rebel army operating in West Virginia. On this march. Col. Hawkins, with his regi- 
ment, led the advance, and came up with the rear of the rebel army in full retreat, at or near 
Cotton Hill. Col. Hawkins deployed skirmishers, while he steadily advanced, delivering a well 
directed fire into the rebel ranks at short range. The skirmishers, in the mean time, were 
hotly engaged, one of whom shot and mortally wounded Col. Croghan, in command of the 
rebel rear. Col. Hawkins soon came up, and assisted in conveying the wounded and dying 
officer into a house near by, and proffered medical aid, to which the Confederate Colonel replied: 
" Sir, you can do nothing for mc." At this time Gen. Benham came up, and recognizing in the 
dying man a once dear friend and class-mate at West Point, with a voice tremulous with emo- 
tion exclaimed : " My God ! Croghan, is this you?" The recognition was mutual, and was af- 
terward described by Col. Hawkins to the writer as the most affecting scene he had ever wit 
nessed, which soon ended in death — Col. Croghen expiring within thirty minutes. 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 113 

The rebels immediately fled on the fall of Croghan, were followed by the Union troops as 
far as Fayetteville, through which Floyd passed and kept up his flight until he reached Louis- 
burg. Fayetteville was found deserted, and the pursuing forces halted and occupied the 
houses of the place during their stay there. The Union forces turned back from this place, and 
having driven the entire rebel forces from West Virginia, were ordered to JeflFersonville, Ind., 
near Louisville, Ky., to which point they were conveyed by way of the Ohio River on transports, 
the Thirteenth going into camp immediately opposite the latter place. As the army removed 
from West Virginia, Col. Hawkins obtained leave of absence and visited his family at his home 
in Marysville, it being his first since going into West Virginia, and proved to be the last as well. 
He remained a few weeks, mingling in friendly intercourse with his old friends and fellow-citi- 
zens, and during the time united with the Presbyterian Church of Marysville, and remained true 
to its teachings and precepts to the end of life. On December 11, his regiment received orders 
to join Gen. Buell, then about to march southward in pursuit of Bragg. Col. Hawkins hastened 
to join his regiment, and came up with it on the march, below Louisville; marched with it, first 
to Elizabethtown, thence to Bacon Creek, where a few days were spent in a thorough and rigid 
drill in order to better prepare the men for the bloody conflict anticipated in the near future. 
February 10, 1862, he received orders to march on Bowling Green, a strongly fortified place 
occupied by a large rebel force under Gen. .John C. Breckenridge. He immediately pushed 
forward with his command and entered the place on the 15th, it having been evacuated on the 
appi'oach of the Union forces. On the 22d, he was ordered, with his regiment, to proceed by 
cars on the Louisville & Nashville Railroad, and head the advance of Buell's army, then mov- 
ing against Nashville, which place was reached on the 26th ; crossed the Cumberland and camped 
about two miles beyond on the Murfreesboro pike. About this time. Col. Hawkins assumed the 
command of the regiment, in the absence of Col. Smith, who was then, or soon thereafter, pro- 
moted to Brigadier General. March 1, he was ordered, with the Seventeenth Brigade, to which 
his regiment was then attached, to proceed to Lavergne,to aid a detachment of Federal troops that 
had been attacked by the rebels. The enemy retreated on the approach of re-enforcements, and the 
regiment returned to camp. March 10, CoL Hawkins was ordered to report with his regiment 
to Gen. Crittenden, and April 2, with that division, joined the forces under Gen. Buell, then 
marching to re-enforce Grant at Pittsburg Landing. On this march the troops suffered many 
hardships. It was excessively fatiguing, yet borne with fortitude and cheerfulness by all. 

On the evening of April 5, the column under Buell was forty miles from Pittsburg Land- 
ing. Marching was resumed early on the morning of the 6th, and, as soon as the sound of the 
battle was heard, the speed of the column was accelerated, and Savannah was reached some time 
in the afternoon, which is about ten miles from the scene of the conflict. From Savannah, Nel- 
son's Division took the advance, closely followed by Crittenden's Division. On reaching Pitts- 
burg Landing, the division under Crittenden was formed in line of battle on the right of Nelson's 
command, where it remained during the entire night, witbout food or shelter, officers and men 
lying on their arms, and resting on the damp ground. To add to their discomfort, a cold, driz- 
zling rain set in, that contnued through a part of the night. About 8 o'clock, on the morning 
of April 7, the order was given to advance. Col. Hawkins, with his regiment, soon became hotly 
engaged with a heavy force of rebels, supported by the famous Washington Battery of New Or- 
leans. He ordered a charge, and led it against this battery in a hand-to-hand struggle, and the 
battery was taken. Col. Hawkins sprang from his horse, and finding it impossible to take the 
guns off the field, the horses attached being killed, he spiked one of the guns, and then with soft 
mud so completely filled and stopped up the others, that the entire battery was rendered useless 
for a long time thereafter, in consequence of the mud being hardened like bricks in solidity, by 
the intense heat of the guns. Soon after the capture of this battery the enemy retreated, and 
the battle of " Shiloh" was fought and won. The Thirteenth Regiment lost heavily in this en- 
gagement, in killed, wounded and missing. Of the officers, Maj. Ben. P. Runkle and Capt. R. R. 
Henderson were severely wounded, and Capt. Isaac R. Gardner soon after died from the effects 
of wounds received. Silas Kimball and Felix Field, two brave soldiers from Union County, mem- 
bers of Hawkins' old company, were killed and buried on the field. 

Soon after this, Col. Hawkins was promoted to Colonel, his commission dating April 7, 1862, the 
day on which he was engaged in the battle of Pittsburg Landing. He next led his command on Cor- 
inth, which place was evacuated by the enemy on May 31. He then joined Buell in his advance 
on Cbattanooga, crossed the Tuscumbia River on .June .5, crossed the Tennpssee to Florence, Ala., 
and proceeded to Shallow Creek, and from thence to Huntsville, reaching the latter place on July 
1, after a fatiguing march, in which both officers and men endured great hardships from dust, 
exposure to a broiling Southern hun, and nearly famishing from thirst. After this, the regiment 
was engaged for a short time on detached duty, guarding the Chattanooga Railroad, and on the 
IGth joined the division at Stephenson, Ala., and went into camp at Battle Creek, where it re- 
mained until August 20. On the above mentioned date the regiment was ordered to advance in 
pursuit of Bragg, who had left Chattanooga and was well on his way toward Louisville. Such 
was the celerity of move.ment, that Louisville was reached in-advance of the rebel forces, the 
Union troops having passed Bragg's army on a parallel road, reaching the city September 26. 
On this march the soldiers endured suffering, fatigue and privations scarcely equaled in the his- 



11-4 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

tory of human endurance, all of which wat^ borne without a murmur, and was shared equally by 
oflBcers as well as privates. 

After a much needed rest, ogain pushed forward, on October 1, in pursuit of Bragg. On 
the 8th, McCook and Kosseau came up with him near Perryville, Boyle County, Ivy. A severe 
and bloody engagement ensued. 

Col. Hawkins with his regiment in Critt»nden's Division, forming the right thereof, pur- 
sued the retreating rebels, under Bragg, from Perryville, through the valley of Rock Castle 
River; November 8, reached Glasgow, having accomplished the distance by forced marches in 
twelve days. On reaching Nashville, the Thirteenth encamped and rested for a brief time from 
its late fatiguing march. Gen. William S. Rosecrans, abrave and accomplished officer, having on 
October 30, 186:2, been assigned to the command of the Army of the Ohio, to tucceed Buell, 
joined the forces near Nashville prior to the arrival of the Thirteenth. December 2, reviewed 
the Fifth Divisicn of which the Thirteenth formed a part. 

Gen. Rosecrans recognized the Thirteenth as a part of his command of the preceding year; 
paid it a high compliment for its soldierly appearance, at the same time reminding the officers 
and men that he bore some very pleasing remembrances of the " Old Thirteenth," as he was 
pleased to call it, while serving under him in West Virginia. 

On the morning of December 20, the Thirteentb, with Crittenden's Division on the left, 
Thomas the center, and McCook the right, made the grand advance. The Thirteenth, being in 
the advance of the division, met and defeated Wheeler's Cavalry, after a severe fight. Two of 
this regiment were killed, several wounded, and Lieut. Bates, of Company B, taken prisoner. 
The enemy was forced back, and Lavergne was reached on the morning of the 27th, on which 
day that town was evacuated by the enemy. The 28th, being Sunday, was observed as a day of 
rest by the entire army, by order of Gen. Rosecrans. On the 29th the march was resumed, the 
whole line advancing toward Stone River, which was reached on the evening of the same day, 
except the column under McCook, which, by reason of resistance from the enemy, did not get in 
until near noon of the next day, the HOth. On reaching Stone River, Col. Hawkins was ordered 
with his regiment on outpost duty, and was thus engaged up to the morning of the 31st, when 
he was called in, and ordered to take up position in line with the brigade to which the 
Thirteenth was attached, being the Fourteenth, and constituted the Second Brigade of the Fifth 
Division. On coming into line, the regiment was ordered, with the division, to cross Stone River 
and attack the enemy, but had scarcely commenced the advance, when the order was counter- 
manded. The right, under McCook, having been driven in the center, was considered in dan- 
ger. Col. Hawkins immediately countermarched his regiment, and proceeded on the double 
quick back to the JIurfreesboro pike, where he assisted in rescuing a -train that had been at- 
tacked by the enemy's cavalry. Soon after rescuing the train, Col. Hawkins received orders to 
form on the right of his brigade, which brought him on the extreme right, also, of the Second 
Brigade. The line being formed, it was ordered by Gen. Van Cleve to advance down a slope 
thickly covered with cedars, cross an open tield, and attack the enemy posted in the wood beyond. 
Col. Hawkins having reconuoitered the position of the enemy, and knowing its strength, as it 
was concealed in the wood, which was little more than a dense thicket of cedars, swarming with 
rebels, informed Van Cleve that the enemy was too strong for the Ibrce he was ordering to attack 
it, and further informed him that the enemy's line was so posted that by the time the attacking 
force should reach within musket range of the enemy, it would be outflanked and exposed to an 
enfilading fire. Gen Van Cleve retorted in language discourteous and ofiensive, implying a doubt 
of the Colonel's courage, to which Col. Hawkins replied in courteous, yet feeling language — 
'•Gen. Van Cleve. I am not a coward. I have not spoken for myself, but out of regaril for my 
men. I will go in if it takes my life; but I do dislike to see my men slaughtered, without ac- 
complishing any good result." He then turned, placed himself at the head of his regiment, and 
gave the order to advance, which he led down the slope. 

In passing through the cedar thicket on the ridge at the top of the slope, his line became 
broken and slightly disordered, but on emerging from it the well-known voice of its lender 
brought it into line, when it advanced steadily across the open fiell, in the face of a terrible 
fire from the enemy tearing through its ranks. The Fifty-ninth Ohio and Forty-fourth Imliana 
led the advance, but were soon driven back. The second line, composed of the Thirteenth Ohio and 
Eighty-sixth Indiana, opened a well-directed fire into the enemy that for a time held it in check, 
advanced, and took shelter behind a rail-fence, on reaching which the Thirteenth was ordered bj' Col. 
Hawkins to lie down. Col. Uawkios alone remained standing, observing the movements of the 
enemy. His men besought him to follow their example by lying down, but, regardless of self 
and solicitous regarding their safety, he replied : "lam but one man." The response came 
from many voices: " You are everything to us." While standii'.g thus, and seeing that he was 
being outflanked, and in the act of giving an order to his men, he fell dead on the field, pierced 
by two balls, one entering and passing through his body just above the hips, the other passing 
into his neck near the base of his brain, killing him instantly. With him fell many others of 
his command. Maj. Dwight Jarvis now assumed command, continued _tp fight until nearly sur- 
rounded, when he fell back with the remnant of the regiment, leaving the body of its beloved 
Colonel on the field in the hands of the enemy, where it remained until some time on the follow- 



. PARIS TOWNSHIP, 115 

ing Sunday, when it was recovered and sent home to his sorrowing and stricken family. Col. 
Hawkins seemed to have a presentiment, in the morning, when ordered into the battle, that he 
would not come out alive, and when receiving the order to cross Stone River, he gave his horse 
into the care of his colored servant, saying to him: " It's too rough lor a horse, and if you 
never see me again take good care of him." This horse had borne him through all his term of 
service, enduring with him hunger, thirst and fatigue, and to it he felt strongly attached. Ilis 
wishes in this regard were carried out by his faithful servant, and the horse was sent home to 
the Coloners widow. 

In the death of Col. Hawkins, his regiment lost a cool, brave and kind commander. He 
was beloved by them in life, and his memory will be cherished in their hearts so long as one of 
that noble band survives. The Nation lost one of its noble and loyal defenders, who laid down his 
life in its defense, heroically contending for the country and cause he loved. The community 
in which he lived mourned the loss of an honored citizen who had proved faithful to every trust 
reposed in him, while his wife and children were bereft of a kind and affectionate husband and 
loving father, to whom the loss was irreparable. His remains were transferred to his home, and 
after appropriate and impressive services, with the honors of war, he was laid to rest in the 
cemetery at Marysvdle, where a beautiful monument has been erected to his memory, mainly 
through the contributions of his fellow-officers and soldiers of the "Old Thirteenth." 

The writer has given more of a detailed histoi-y of the movements and services performed by 
the Thirteenth Regiment than perhaps is generally allowable in a biographical sketch of one of its 
officers. This has been done for several reasons, among which may be enumerated the follow- 
ing: First, Col. Hawkins was with this brave and gallant regiment iu all the dangers, fatiguing 
marches, sufferings and exposure through which it passed, sharing in all up to the time he gal- 
lantly fell at its head; and secondly, being inseparably connected with it, a history of the same 
is his true biography, and its gallant deeds, noble and honorable record, his highest and best 
eulogy. 

D. W. HENDERSON, physician, Marysville. The records of this family show them to be 
of ancient Scotch and Irish origin. The family were allied to the famous house of Stuarts, 
Caldewood Durham, .1. W. Clair Lang, and other distinguished f imilies. It has always been in- 
fluential, and essentially military ; no Scotch family having furnished more gallant soldiers to 
the British army or navy, or the East India service. The principal house is now only repre- 
sented in the person of George V*'. Mercer Henderson, Esq., a son of Douglass Mercer, who as- 
sumed the name, and a Lieutenant General and Colonel of the Sixty-eight British foot, by ro\al 
license. Alexander Henderson, with William and John, who were sons of Hugh, in the County 
of Fife, were the first of the van who came to the colonies about the middle of the seven- 
teenth century. The brothers located iu the boundaries of Maryland and Virginia, and raised fami- 
lies, but were lost sight of in the permanent settlement of the country. David W. Henderson is a 
son of John and Annie (Jack) Henderson, who were among the pioneers of Union County, Ohio, in 
1837. Her father, Col. James Jack, was one of the original settlers of Pennsylvania, and an 
officer in the Revolutionary war. The subject of this sketch was born in Indiana County, Penn., 
October 4, 1823. He was fitted for college at the Marysville Academy, and entered the Ohio 
Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, remaining until near the close of the Freshman year, 
when in May, 1847, he volunteered his services to the United States in the Mexican war, from 
which he returned in July, 1848. He at once began the study of medicine under the direction 
of Dr. R. Hills, of Delaware, Ohio, completing his studies at the Starling Medical College, from 
which he graduated in February, 1852. The following spring he selected a home in JIarysville, 
where he has since followed a constant and successful practice. He has performed some of the 
major operations both in surgery and obstetrics, and is a member of the Ohio State Medical 
Society. He was commissioned Surgeon of the Ninety-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteers at its 
organization, and remained on duty in the field until April, 1863, when his ill health compelled 
him to resign, and he returned to his practice. He is one of the oldest j^ractitioners of the 
medical profession, in the county, and has accumulated a handsome property through the years 
of incessant toil, and contributed largely to the promotion of public interests, while laboring 
for the relief of suffering humanity. As a citizen, a man and a physician, he enjoys the esteem 
and confidence of all who know him. Dr. Henderson is one of the Directors of the Marysville 
Library and Literary Association, a member of the Boai-d of Education and Board of Health, 
and ex-President of the ex-Soldiers and ex-Sailors Association of Union County. His marriage 
to Miss Anna Hathaway, of this county, occurred December 29, 1857. Two sons born to this 
union are both living. 

R. M. HENDERSON, Cashier Marysville Bank, Marysville, is a son of Thomas and Etha- 
linda (Magee) Henderson, natives of Washington County, Penn., who settled in Dover Town- 
ship in 1840, where he resided until the close of his life in 1873. He was a substantial farmer 
and a reliable man, and esteemed by all who knew him. The widow is yet a resident of the 
homestead, and is the mother of ten children by this marriage, nine of whom are living. The 
subject of this sketch was born in Brooke County, \V. Va., April 14, 1840. He spent the early 
years of his life on thefarm, and in 1861 became engaged as agent for the C, C, C. R. R. at that 
time the Springfield, Mt. Vernon & Pittsburgh R. R. This position he abandoned in 1865, and, 



116 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

locating in this city, formed an association with 0. M. Scott in the sale of agricultural imple- 
ments and sewing machines, and represented several companies in the insurance business. This 
firm dissolved in the fall of 18G9, at which time he entered upon the duties of his present posi- 
tion in theMarysville Bank, where he has since been constantly engaged. Mr. Hendertion was 
married September 11, 18('i3, to Miss Sarah A., ddUghter of Dr. M. W. Peck, a native of Connect- 
icut. Three children born to this issue are all living, viz : Eddie L., Myrta and Willie. 

JOHN HOBENSACK, County Sheritf. Marysville. SheriflF Hobensack inherits the blood of 
the German, who with his progenitors, bequeathed to posterity the valor of the illustrious name. 
" Our Ancestry, a gallant race, 
Patterns of every virtue, every grace." 

The grandparents of John and Hannah Hobensack, with the maternal connections, John and 
Rachael Fetter, emigrated to the American shore in 1773, and founded homes in the wilderness 
of the Keystone State, where they lived, sorrowed, rejoiced and died. Their rude cabins have 
long since given place to the commodious residences of their children, and the advance of civili- 
zation has embraced their settlement in the populous Montgomery County. They were patriots 
of the Revolutionary war, and both wore officers through that struggle. The paternal head sub- 
sequently erected a large distillery, where he carried on an extensive business to the close of 
his life. Isaac and Emily (Fetter) Hobensack, the parents of our subject, were both natives of 
Montgomery County, Penn. They subsequently moved to Bucks County, Penn., where she died in 
1875. He was a farmer by occupation, but at this time is living in retirement at his home. The 
subject of this sketch, whose portrait appears in this work, was born in Bucks County, Penn., 
September 16, 1833. He was reared on the homestead, and on August 5, 1862, joined the legions 
of the Union army as a private in Company F, First New Jersey Cavah-y. He was subsequently 
commissioned Second Lieutenant, and received rapid promotion to First Lieutenant and Captain 
of the company. For meritorius conduct on the field, he was brevetted Major, Lieutenant Colonel 
and Colonel of the regio-ent, and gave a gallant record to this.arm of the service, participating in 
all the hard fought battles of the Army of the Potomac. He was wounded at Cedar Mountain, 
Va., August 9, 1862, and carried off the field. During actional Brandy Station, Va., and while 
in command of the Second Battalion, he, with eighty-seven of his men, were taken prisoners. 
He was stripped of his boots and hat, and taken to Centerville, Va., in the midst of the rebel 
army. During the first night of confinement, he with several others, escaped to the Union lines. 
He was again wounded at New Hope Church, Ga., but continued in active service to the close of 
the war. In 1866, he occupied a farm in the north of Union County, Ohio, where he resided until 
his election as SherifiFin October, 1880, at which time he took up liis residence in Marysville, and 
assumed the duties of his office. His abilities and integrity as an officer needs no comment. 
His record during the first term gave him hosts of friends, and at the convention held in Sep- 
tember, 1882, he was re-nominated by acclamation, and is now serving the second teim. He is 
a member of the Masonic fraternity, I. 0. 0. F. and Senior Grand Commander G. A. R. He 
was married in his native county in 1854, to Miss Margaret Krewson, a native of Bucks County, 
Penn., who died in 1860, leaving one son, Isaac K His second marriage to Miss Emma E. 
Mayberry, of Bucks County, occurred in 1865. Nine children born to this union are all living, 
viz.: Henry H., Annetta, John W., Lincoln C, Lawrence, Carrie V., Maggie H., Ola H. and 
Elsie. The family are connected with the Baptist Church. 

ABRAHAM HORNBECK, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, 
December 17, 1838. He is a son of George and Lucy (Michelfish) Hornbeck, (he former a 
native of Mason County, Ky., was born May 6, 17U5, and the latter of Virginia, was born No- 
vember 21, 1805. They were married in Pickaway County in 1820, and in 1839 with six chil- 
dren removed to this county and located on the farm now owned and occupied by Abraham Horn- 
beck. They resided there until 1870 and removed to Shelby County, 111., where Mr. Hornbeck 
died March 7, 1874. ^Nlrs. Hornbook returned and has since lived with Abraham. He was 
brought up to manhood on his father's farm. When twenty years of age he wfnt to do for him- 
self, and followed w'orking by the month till he was marrie<l, November 2, 1861. Mrs. Horn- 
beck nee Eliza Dines, was a daughter of James C. and Providence Dines, natives of Kentucky. 
The former, Mr. Dines was born August 4, 1796, and Mrs. Dines was born November 9, 1800. 
They were the parents of seven children, of whom three are living. Mr. and Mrs. Hornbeck 
have had three children. Mrs. Hornbeck had six children by her former husband, James C. 
McCrary. Of these one is living. His name is James C; he was born November 4, 1849. 
Mr. and Mrs. Hornbeck are members of the Christian Church. Mr. Hornbeck is a Republican. 
He owns a farm of 237 acres. 

S. L. IRWIN, harness and saddlery, Marysville. Mr. Irwin is a descendant of a pioneer 
family, and was born in Marysville in 1849. He is a grandson of John Irwin, who pioneered 
his march of settlement to this county in 1830. His father, Samuel K., was a native of Union 
County, and by trade a cabinet-maker, but in early life became engaged in teaching school at 
various places, and was among the first tutors of the early times. His wife, Elmina Tucker, was 
a native of Vermont, by whom he had five children. The living are Corydon S., Elmina L., 
wife of A. W. Allen, of Plain City, Madison County, and S. L. Cyprian L., third son, was a 
soldier in the ranks of the Union army, who was missed and is supposed to have been killed at 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 117 

the battle of Shiloh, April 7, 1862. The parents have joined the absent children in that 
better home, while that which remains is interred in the cemetery of this county. The sub- 
ject of this sketch was born at Marjsville, January 7, 1849, and enlisted in 1864, in Company 
H, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Ohio National Guards, and served in garrison duty south 
of Washington, D. C, until the close of the war. He succeeded W. S. Smith in the harness 
and saddlery business in 1874, and at this time carries a stock of from $2,000 to $8,000, 
being the most complete line of its kind in the city. At the time of his purchase it was a 
small business and stock, but Mr. I. has, by due application to business, cultivated a per- 
manent and established trade. His marriage to Miss Flora A. Winget, a native of this county, 
and a daughter of T. M. Winget, a respected pioneer of this city, took pla^-e in 1873. Mr. Irwin 
is a member of the Masonic order, and is connected with the Presbyterian Church of this city. 

GEORGE .JORDAN, Recorder, Marysville, is the youngest son of William Jordan, a native 
of Scotland, who embarked to the United States when twenty years of age. He was married 
in Belmont County, in 1832, to Miss Nancy Westlake, a Virginian. The same year he moved 
and settled in this county, where he passed the remainder of his life. The widow and mother 
resides with our subject, and is in the eightieth year of her age. They raised a family of nine 
children, eight of whom are living. He, William, was a mason by trade, but purchased a farm, 
which the boys worked while he labored at his avocation. The subject of this sketch enlisted 
in 1862, in Company C, Seventeenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served in the ranks until 
wounded on the field of Chickamauga, September 20, 1863. He received an ugly wound on the 
left arm, shattering that member, and rendering it almost useless. He was placed in a Gov- 
ernment wagon, where he lay three days crossing the Cumberland Mountains to Bridgeport. 
Thence he was conveyed by cars to Nashville, where his arm was operated upon. He had the 
care of a board of physicians, who experimented on the shattered arm, and it was decided he 
must suffer amputation ; but the physician in charge gave the one single chance to save that 
useful member, and although he did not recover its use, 'tis left to mark a page in his life's 
history, and the service he freely gave his country and its flag. In consequence, he was 
honorably discharged, and upon recovery he bent his energies in attaining an education in 
the schools of this city, and attended Mercantile College, at Columbus, taking a course of tele- 
graphing and penmanship. In 1872, he embarked in the mercantile trade at Pottersburg, and 
four years later returned to the home farm, where he was engaged until his election to the 
office of County Recorder in 1882, where he is at this time engaged. He has a farm of sev- 
enty acres in Allen Township, and a residence in this city. He was married in the fall of 
1865 to Miss Nancy, daughter of Abraham Holycross, a native of Allen Township. Their 
chil.ircn are Delmer N., Samuel N., Frank A. and William F. Mr. Jordan served as Clerk 
and Director in Allen Township, and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and 
Grand Army of the Republic. Politically, he is a thorough Republican. 

ASHLEY KIGHTLINGER, contractor, Marysville. This family is of German extraction, 
the pilgrims of whom settled in Pennsylvania, where the parents, ."Abraham and Nancy, were 
born. They were among the pioneers of 1812 to Morrow County, Ohio, traveling from Penn- 
sylvania with ox teams They raised a family of six boys and six girls, eleven of whom are 
living. Five of the boys were soldiers in the three years' service of the Union army in the 
late rebellion, one of them enlisting the third time. Some of the children subsequently settled 
in Tazewell County, 111., where the father died in the seventy-third year of his age. The sub- 
ject of this sketch was born in Morrow County, Ohio, in 1835. Lefr an orphan when young, 
he had the rugged edge of life to fight, and without means he started out, finding employ- 
ment in Indiana, and by strict economy and perseverance he was enabled to save enough 
to purchase thirty-five acres of land in Paris Township, paying |25 i^er acre for the same. 
This was the stepping-stone to his further success, which has been earned by hard labor and 
honest toil. In 1879, he moved to this city, and settled on his commodious place of fourteen 
acres, where he has since been engaged in teaming and contracting. He enlisted in the ranks 
of the Union army August 9, 1862, in Company K, Ninety-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and 
served until the close of the war. He participated in the battles of Chickasaw Bluft', iVIiss., De- 
cember 29, 1862; Arkansas Post, January 11, 1863; Mobile, Ala., December 22, 1864; Sabine 
Cross Roads, La.. April 8, 1864; Fort Gaines, Ala., August 2 to 23, 1864; Fort Morgan, Ala., 
August 5 to 23, 1864, and others. He was wounded at Vicksburg with a piece of shell, but lost 
no time in consequence. The marriage of Mr. K to Miss Amanda, daughter of Benjamin C. 
and Cynthia A. Grubb, occurred in October, 1858. Willie E. is the only living issue of this 
union. Mr. K. is a member of both branches of the I. 0. 0. F. order, of the G. A. H., and con- 
nected with the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

M. C. LAWRENCE (deceased). Col. M. C. Lawrence was born in Marysville, Union Co., 
Ohio, April 20, 1832. His parents, William C. and Rosana (Piper) Lawrence, were both natives 
of Pennsylvania, and among the early pioneers of Delaware and Union Counties; the former was 
a graduate of Washington College, Pennsylvania, and a practicing attorney of this city until his 
death. The subject of this sketch acquired his education in the schools of this city, and began 
the study of law in the office of Judge Cole; he was admitted to the bar in 1868, and forming a 
partnership with his preceptor, began the practice of hi^ chosen profession. He was one of the 
best-read lawyers in this district, and his opinions on questions of law were highly valued. 



118 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

His honor and integrity were without reproach, and he was a successful practitioner. At the 
breaking-oul of the rebellion, he was among the first to respond to the call for troops. He 
joined the ranks of the Thirteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry in April, 1861, and was commis- 
sioned First Lieutenant Company F, in which rank he was discharged at the expiration of 
service, August 25, 1861. Resuming practice until August 8. 1862, he enlisted as Second Lieu- 
tenant for ihe purpose of recruiting, and was commissioned Captain of Company A, One Hun- 
dred and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in which rank he joined the forces of Gen. 
Buell in his pursuit of Bragg. He participated in the battles of Perryville, Ky., October 6 to 8, 
1862; Chickamauga, Ga., September 19 to 23, 1863; Lookout Mountain, Tenn., November 
24,1863; Mission Ridge, Mo., February 3, 1863; Resaca, j,Ga., Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., 
June to July, 1864; the Atlanta campaign. Buzzard's Roost, Ga., February 25, 1864, and 
most of the hard-fought battles in which that regiment was engaged; as an officer, he 
was the most efficient, and as a soldier one of the bravest and coolest that ever met the rattle 
of musketry or the glittering bayonets of the foe; he was in command of his regiment, as a 
Captain, on the field of Chickamauga, where he displayed valor, intrepidity and fearless bravery, 
attaining laurels which live imperishable to his name. For meritorious service, he was 
commissioned Lieutenant Colonel of the regiment November 10, 1863, in which rank he was 
compelled to resign, by reason of failing health, October 2. 1864, and returned to his home. In 
1865, he was chosen and elected a member of the Ohio House of Representatives, and was re- 
elected to the same position in 1867, serving both terms with great satisfaction to his constitu- 
ents. In 1873, be represented this district in the Ohio State Senate. He died December 15, 
1881. He was a Royal Arch Mason, and a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. His 
wife, Mrs. Celinda F. Lawrence, who survives, is a daughter of James and Angela Turner, who 
were pioneers of Union County in 1834, both deceased. Col. Lawrence was, in many public 
matters, prominently identified with the county. Three children were born to Mr. and Mrs. 
Lawrence; all are living — Anna J., William 0. and Marcenas T. 

ADISON LEE, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, a native of Hampshire County, Va., was born May 
20, 1819. His father, Thomas Lee, was born in Old Virginia; he served eighteen months in 
the war of 1812. Adison's mother, Anna Good, was a native of West Virginia; her father was 
a Revolutionary patriot, and died subsequently in Virginia. Adison's parents migrated to Ohio 
in 1833 and settled in Clark County, where they resided one year, then removed to Leesburg, 
Union Township, where Mr. Lee died in March, 1865. Our subject was reared on a ftirm, and 
occupied the old homestead till 1.865, when he removed to his present location. February 17, 
1843, he was united in marriage witti Mary A. Belville, a daughter of .Joseph and Sarah Bel- 
ville, and a native of Belmont County. Mrs. Lee was born June 17. 1818; nine children 
were born to this union; of these six are living — .Joseph T.; William S.; John M.; Henry R.; 
Louisa .J., wife of Columbus Hildreth; and Melissa A., wife of Samuel Myers; Anna, Sarah and 
Samuel are deceased. Mr. Lee owns a good farm of 241 acres, and is engiged in its pursuits 
in connection with rearing stock. He started out in life a common laborer, and by industry has 
made for himself valuable property. He and wife are members of the Christian Church, 
in which he has acted as Clerk for thirty years; his political associations are with the Demo- 
cratic party. 

TEMPLETON LIGGETT, furniture manufacturer, Marysville, one of the city's oldest and 
most respected citizens, was born in Warren County, Ohio, December 6, 1818, and is a son of 
John and Mary (McCormick) Liggett, natives of Rockbridge County, Va., who were among the 
early pioneers of Xenia, Greene Co., Ohio, where they both died. The subject of this sketch 
came to this county in 1849; he became engnged in the lumber trade and erected the first steam 
saw-mill in Union County, below California, in Jerome Township. Here he was engaged for ten 
years, and removed to the Ohio White Sulphur Springs. Returning in 1874, he opened a steam 
saw-mill in this city, and in the summer of 1882 moved to his present quarters, and is engaged 
in the manufacture of furniture, turning and job-work, his being the only turning shop in the 
city. He served as Justice of the Peace three years, and is widely known as Squire Liggett. 
His marriage to Miss Rebecca, daughter of Alex Patterson, occurred December 31, 1849. She 
was a native of Logan County, Ohio, born August 26, 1828. Four children born to this union 
are all living, viz., Laurila A., Celina, William K.,- who is connected with his father in business, 
and Mattie. The parents and one of the children are members of the Congregational Church. 

,W. M. LIGGETT, County Treasurer, Marysville. The family of Liggetts were among the 
hardy jiioneers of Warren County, Ohio, where John, the father of our subject, was born. His 
wife, whose maiden name was Mary Lamme, was a native of Greene County, Ohio. The parents 
joined in the early settlement of Jerome Township, Union County, where the subject of this 
sketch was born November 4, 1846. He was reared on the homestead farm, and, receiving a 
common school education, passed a course of studies in the University at Urbana, Ohio. He 
gave his service to his country's flag and joined the boys in blue February 29, 1864, in Company 
K, Ninety-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served in the fortunes of that regiment until after 
the close of the war. He participated in the battles of Cane River, La., Api'il 24, 1864; Pleasant 
Hill, La., April 9, 1864; Fort Gaines, Ala., August 2 to 8, 1864; Fort Morgan, Ala., August 8 
to 23, 1864; Fort Spanish, and all other battles in which the regiment was engaged. In July, 
1865, he was transferred, by order of the War Department, to the Seventy-seventh Ohio Volun- 




■■^^; 






' H) cy^'<^>^^^^-^ 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 121 

teer Infantry, from which he was discharged as Sergeant at Brownsville, Tex. He was mustered 
out of service at Columbus, Ohio, March 26, 18dtt. Returning to peaceful pursuits, he became 
associated with C. L. Robinson in the livery business. In the spring of 1873, he disposed of his 
interest to accept a call as Assistiint Cashier of the Marysville Bank, which position he occupied 
until called upon to perform the duties of County Treasurer in September, 1880. He was 
re-elected in 1882, and in this official trust has rendered faithful and efficient service to his 
constiiuei^ts. Mr. Liggett is Colonel of the Fourteenth Ohio National Guards, and Adjutant 
of tiie Post G. A. R. He was married July 3, 1876, to Miss ^Matilda R.. daughter of ex-Probate 
Judge Brown, of this city, where she was born. Two children, Madaline and Robert, are the 
issue of this union, both living. 

DANIEL LONGBREAK, farmer, P. 0. Marysville. Mr. Longbreak was born in Fairfield 
County, Ohio, March -5, 1811, and is a son of George ami Susannah (Catrow) Longbreak. both 
natives of Virginia. The subject of this sketch was raised on the homestead farm, and was 
married in 1837 to Miss Melinda, a daughter of Judah Dodge, and a native of this county. To 
this union five children were born, four of whom are living, viz., .Junie, \\ife of Adam Weaver, of 
Franklin County, Kan.; Will H.; Susannah, wife of J. A. Jewell, of Franklin (Jounty, Kan., and 
John M. Mr. Longbreak had but a limited education, but was taught to labor with his hands, 
and by perseverance and close application to his business, could easily rest from the reward of 
his toil. He occupies a neat residence in this city, with four acres of land, and in Paris Town- 
ship has a well improved farm of 292 acres. He is a stanch and reliable citizen, a good neighbor 
and a lover of home. 

LEVI LONGBREAK, farmer, P. 0. Marysville. This patriarch, whose living features may 
be found in the pages of this volume, has stood the storms of threescore years and ten. His 
parents, George and Susannah (Catrow) Longbreak, were both natives of Virginia, who pioneered 
their march of settlement to Fairfield County, Ohio, in 1806. He was a soldier in the war of 
1812, a farmer by occupation, and resided in his new home until 1813, when he founded a 
permanent settlement in Clark County, Ohio. His death occurred four years later in 1817. 
They were the parents of seven children, four of whom are living, as follows : Nancy, wife of 
J. K Kitchey of this city: Sarah, widow of Chester Farnham (deceased); Daniel and Levi. The 
widow and mother, with her children, moved, and occupied a farm in Dover Township, Union 
County, Ohio, in 1830, where she lived to the close of her life in October, 1856. The subject of 
this sketch is the youngest living sou, and was born in Fairfield County, Ohio, in November, 
1812. He was reared on a farm, and learned to labor with his hands. This occupation he has 
followed through life, and the elements of his success are found in his industry and economy. 
His possessions of landed property in Dover Township will cover 260 acres, in addition to 428 
acres of well-cultivated land in Paris Township. He settled on his present estate in this city in 
1860, at that time consisting of eighty-nine acres in the corporation limits. -A small fraction of 
this land has been divided into, and sold as, Imilding lots, upon which have been erected com- 
fortable and commodious dwellings, adding to the beauty and growth of the city. He is one of 
the founders and directors of the Union County Infirmary, and of the Farmers' Bank, and has 
always taken an active part in all public and private improvements. His marriage to Miss 
Annis, daughter of Judah Dodge, of this county, occurred in 1839. Of the nine children born to 
this union, but four are living, viz., Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Gilchrist ; Levi L,, who married a 
daughter of Dr. Stoddard, of Wooster, Ohio, and is a prominent lawyer of Minneapolis, Minn.; 
Sarah, and Clarissa, wife of John Castle, of Philadelphia, Penn. 

GEORGE LOVELL, boot and shoe dealer, Marysville. George Lovell, one of our oldest and 
respected business men, was born in County Northampton, England, .June 7, 1829, and migrated 
to the United States in 1855. He located for one year at West Jeft'erson, Madison County, when he 
removed to this city, and in the fall of 1856, established himself in business on Main street. He 
has occupied various points for business in the city, and in 1864 he adrrsitted Thomas ^larfin as 
a partner. This firm carried on a successful trade for ten years, and was dissolved in 1874, 
Martin retiring. In 1876, Mr. Lovell occupied his present location, where he enjoys a large cus- 
tom trade and a liberal patronage in the sale of manufactured goods. He was married, in 1861, 
to Miss Rosanah Martin, a native of Ireland. This union has been blest with three children, 
two of whom are living, viz. : Thomas, who is associated with his father in the store, and Mary. 
The family are members of the Catholic Church. 

WILLIAM C. .MALIN, harness-maker, Marysville. This family springs from Virginia stock, 
ut the original name (Melon) seems to have undergone a slight change. William Melon, 
he grandf^ther, was a pioneer to Champaign County, Ohio, in 1800. He was an auctioneer but 
cleared a farm and lived and died there. Malin Melon, his son, and the father of our subject, 
was a native of Greenbrier County, Va. He was married, in 1816, to Miss Mary Thorn'on, and 
with the family occupied the unbroken lands of Urbana Township. He lived to enjoy the bless- 
ings of this union but a short period, dying at Walnut Hills when our subject was but six 
months old. William C. Malin was born in Urbana Township, Champaign Co., Ohio, April 7, 1817. 
Vhen fourteen years of age, he began an apprenticeship to the harness-making trade with John 
amilton, of his native place. With him he served seven years, after which he worked in va- 
lus places until he came to Marysville March 19, 1840. Here he soon became established in 



122 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

business, and is to-day one of the oldest business men of the city. He survived several part- 
nership relations, and was connected with the firm of Sellers & Morelock, in the old tannery, at 
that time near the Tribune building;. He was in the mercantile trade about one year, and has 
sustained a reputation as an auctioneer for thirty years. He served the city as Constable, and 
was Deputy SheriiF under William M. Robinson some years. He was elected SheriflF of the 
county, in 1850, and served two terms. His selection as an officer at the annual county fair has 
won him a noted reputation. Every year the thousands that visit the fair find the genial face 
of William Malin to accept their tickets. Since its organization he has lost but two years at his 
post. Mr. Malin was married at Clinton, Oneida Co., N. Y., November 1], 1841, to Miss Mary 
Kinney, a native of Oswego County, N. Y., who died after ten years of wedded life. Three of 
the five children born to this union are living, viz. : Emery F., Mariah and Jennette. He was 
again married November 11, 1851, to Miss Charity A. Irwin, a native of Claylick, Licking Ca., 
Ohio. This union has been blest with seven children, four of whom are living, viz. : Fraukey, 
Clinton, Carrie and Maud. Emery F., the eldest son, was in the naval service during the rebell- 
ion, two years, and visited many foreign countries. Subsequently he was promoted to Adjutant 
of the Eighty-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He served as Clerk under Gen. Rosecrans, and 
was with Sherman on his grand march to the sea. Politically, Mr. Malin is a descendant of the 
Old-Line Whigs, and at present a stalwart Republican. 

THOMAS MARTIN, Deputy SheriflF, Marysville. Deputy Sherifi" Martin is a son of Michael 
and Catherine (Holton) Martin, and was born in county of East Meath Ireland, October 31, 
1841. His parents were bo;h natives of the same place, and the family embarked to the United 
States in 1850. After a residence of three years in New York City, they moved and located on 
a farm in Paris Township, where the parents passed the remainder of life's journey. The sub- 
ject of this sketch was raised on a farm, and learned to labor with his haads. He joined the 
ranks of the Union army, in 1861, in Company F, Thirteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for three 
years' service, in which he experienced the perils of war. He engaged in the battle of Rich 
Mountain, W. Va., July 11, 18G1 ; Carnifax Ferry, W. Va., December 10, 1861 ; Shiloh, Tenu., 
April 6, 1862 ; Corinth, Miss., April 30 to May 30, 1862; Battle Creek, Tenn., June 21, 1862 ; 
Perryville, Ky., October 6, 7 and 8, 1862; Stone River, Tenn., December 31, 1862, where he was 
wounded and taken prisoner. He was sent to Richmond and confined eleven days in Libby 
Prison when he was exchanged, and joined the regiment at Stone River. He followed the fort- 
unes of battle at Chickamauga, Ga., September 19 and 23, 1863 ; Mission Ridge, Tenn., Novem- 
ber 25, 1863, where the Thirteenth distinguished itself in storming the heights, and were the first 
to plant the stars and stripes upon the ramparts of the enemy's works, besides capturing artil- 
lery. Then followed the pursuit of Longstreet, and a spirited fight at Bull's Gap, Tenn., Sep- 
tember 24, 1864. The regiment then joined Sherman in his march through Georgia. At the 
close of the Atlanta campaign, the army divided, and he, with the regiment, joined Gen, Thomas, 
at Nashville, through the battle of Franklin, Tenn., September 2, 1864. He was mustered 
out at Chattanooga, at the close of the war, and on his return to peaceful pursuits, opened a boot 
and shoe store at Marysville. This business he followed successfully until 1874, and for the two 
succeeding years engaged in buying and shipping live stock. From 1876 to 1880, he followed 
farming, but is now in the stock trade. He was appointed Deputy under Sheriff Hobensack, 
January 3, 1880, in which capacity he has proved a faithful and capable officer. He is a member 
of the 1. 0. 0. F. society, Improved Order of Red Men and of the G. A. R. He filled the office of 
Coroner from 1870 to 1872, and from 1876 to 1878. He has served as Deputy Sheriff six years, 
four of which were under Sheriff Sharp. He was married, in 1870, to Miss Lucy F. Smith, a 
native of Union County. Five children born to this union are living, viz. : Maud, Thomas A., 
William S., Robert B. and Jesse E. 

SAMUEL McAllister, contractor, IMarysville, is a native of Adams County, Penn., where 
he was born September 18, 1829, and with his parents came to this county among the pioneers. 
He was I'aised on a farm where he remained until nineteen years of age, when he went to learn 
the carpenter's trade with William Crawford, on the Scioto River. After a service of two years, 
he moved to Logan County, and the following year formed a partnership with his employer, 
Moses Morrow, in the carpentering business. This firm dissolved after a short time, and he 
associated himself with James Young, of Kenton, Ohio. During this association, he formed the 
acquaintance of Miss Louisa J., a daughter of John Russell, of Virginia, to whom he was mar- 
ried in 1854. Subsequently, he moved to this county and settled on a farm in Dover Township, 
which he had purchased. This farm he sold six years afterward and purchased eighty-two and 
a half acres in Leesburg Township. In the spring of 1864, he took up his residence in Marys- 
ville, which he has since made his permanent home. In the fall of 1864, the One Hundred and 
Thirty-sixth Regiment Ohio National Guards was called into service, and Company C, of which 
he was Captain, being consolidated, he went into the field as First Lieutenant of Company K, 
and served through the call. On his return to peaceful pursuits, he became largely engaged in 
stock dealing, and soon after was elected Street Commissioner. In this capacity he performed 
serviceable work in grading the streets of this city. Probably no man has laid out more labor 
in making sound street improvements. Subsequently, he formed a contract for building the first 
half mile of road from Marysville to Dover, otherwise known as the Delaware pike. This com- 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 123 

pleted, he will complete the road from Richwood to Rush Creek. He served the county as Street 
Commissioner two years, and has always taken an active interest in public improvements. He 
is a member of the Masonic order and G. A. R. His children are Alice, Henrietta, M. Blanche, 
Willie, Frank, Dottie, Walter Edwin, Minnie Gertrude, Charlie and Robert Russell. 

SMITH N. MoCLOUD. druggist, Marysville, of McCloud & Brother. This firm established 
their present business in this town in 1871, and carries a stock of considerable value and enjoy 
a lucrative trade. Mr. McCloud was born in Madison County, Ohio, December, 9, 1845. He 
is the son of Dr. Charles and Mary Jane (Carpenter) McCloud. Dr. Charles McCloud settled in 
Canaan Township, Madison County, in 1831, and for twenty years was engaged in the active 
practice of medicine. He was a prominent man in politics and an active worker in the Whig 
party. He represented his county ic the Ohio Legislature, in the session of 1844-45 and was a 
member of the Constitutional Convention that framed the present Constitution of Ohio. He was 
born Febuary 2, 1808, and in 1832 married Mary Jane, daughter of Benjamin and Sarah Car- 
penter, who was born August 29, 1813. They became the parents of four children, viz.: Mary, 
now the wife of Dr. E. C. Robinson, of Plain City; Rodney C, a druggist at Plain City; So- 
phronia, wife of Dr. Milton Lane, of Lincoln, Neb., and our subject. Mr. S. N. McCloud was 
married in 1868 to Miss Nora Filler, of this town. Six children have been born to them — 
Charles F., Imogene E., Lena E., John Jay, Noi'a May and Nellie G. 

HUGH McFADDEX, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, a highly respected citizen of Paris Township, 
was born in Westmoreland County, Penn., October 15, 1799. His parents, John and Sophia 
(Kelley) McFadden, emigrated from Ireland in 1795, and settled in Pennsylvania. In 1802, 
they i-emoved to Mason County, Ky. Mr. McFadden followed flat-boating on the Ohio and Mis- 
sissippi for a number of years, and finally died in New Orleans. Mrs. McFadden removed to 
Brown County, and subsequently to Clinton County, where he died in 1820. Our subject is 
the second son and child of a family of seven children. He was engaged in farming and mer- 
cantile pui'suits in Clinton County till 1861, when he came to Marysville and resumed merchan- 
dising on East Center street. He followed it till 1864, when he removed to his farm, which he 
had purchased in 1861. He was married February, 1822, to Miss Mary West, daughter of 
Robert and Henrietta (Fairfax) West. Mrs. McFadden was born in Fairfax County, Va., De- 
cember 25, 1799. She was a lineal descendant of Lord Fairfax, who emigrated to America with 
a colony in the eighteenth century and settled in Virginia. Mr. and Mrs. McFadden were 
blessed with nine children ; of these, three are living — Fairfax W., married Sarah Morton ; 
Hugh, married Mary Allen; and Harrison W., a physician at Magnetic City; Mary, Hannah, 
La Fayette, Charles, Silas and Eliza J. Silas enlisted in the struggle for liberty when eighteen 
years of age, and died June 27, 1881, from disease contracted while in the service. Mrs. Mc- 
Fadden departed this life May 24, 1882, after a brief illness. Mr. and Mrs. McFadden had 
lived together for sixty years, and were earnest, consistent members of the Christian Church. 
Mr. McFadden is in politics a Republican. He owns a valuable aud well-improved farm of 
300 acres. 

D. F. McKITRICK, dealer in boots and shoes, Marysville. This house was established in 
1869, and was the first regular boot and shoe store opened to the public of Marysville. The 
proprietor occupied his present premises in 1872. He carries a complete and varied stock, and 
has a steadily increasing trade. He is the manufacturer and patentee of McKitrick's button 
fastener, which is a model improvement over all others, and is coming into universal use. The 
subject of this sketch was born in Delaw.are County, Ohio, in June, 1840. His father, George 
McKitrick, was a native of Licking County, Ohio, and a pioneer merchant at Beachtovvn, Jerome 
Township, Union County, where he was successfully engaged in business to the close of his life, 
in 1847. His wife, whose maiden name was Caroline Hill, who survives, was a native of Penn- 
sylvania, and at this writing, July, 1882, a resident of Delaware County, Ohio. They were the 
parents of five children, four of whom survive, as follows : D. F., eldest son, James H., Israel W. 
and Clara, wife of T. H. Brannon, of Canal Dover, Ohio. Mr. McKitrick enlisted in 1864, in 
Company C, One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in which service he con- 
tracted lung trouble and failing health, and was returned home just before the close of the war. 
He was married, in 1865, to Miss Rachel E., daughter of J. M. Robinson of this county. To this 
union four chiLlren have been born, three of whom are living, viz.: Ida M., Fannie M. and 
Nellie M. The family are connected with the Presbyterian Church of this city. 

WILLIAM McMANNIS, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, a soldier of the late rebellion, was born 
in Belmont County, Ohio, March 14, 1837. He is a son of James and Esther (Calvert) McMan- 
nis, the former a native of Berkeley County, Va., and the latter of Belmont County, Ohio, and a 
grandson of Luke McMannis, a native of Ireland, who crossed the Atlantic in a British fleet in 
the early part of the Revolutionary war. On his arrival in the United States, he enlisted on the 
American side and served five years as a private under Gen. Washington, and died in Virginia, 
at an advanced age. William was reared to his majority in his native place. August 16, 1862, 
he enlisted as a member of Company E, Ninety-eighth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He 
served in the Western Department and participaied at the battle of Champion Hills, where he 
received a gun-shot wound in the left leg which disabled him about four months. At the expi- 
ration of this time he rejoined his regiment at Franklin, Tenn., where he received his honorable 



124 HISTORY OF UiNION COUNTY. 

di- charge from the service August 25, 18G3. He weut to Noble County, aud in 1868 (o Paris 
Township, this county, where h) has since followed the avocation of a farmer. November 7, 
IB'il, he was married to Hannah Berry, a native of Noble County, born February 19, 1841, and 
a daughter of Zachariah and Rachel Berry. They have had no children, but have taken two to 
raise — Delia May Elliott, born May 27, 1877, and Arthur Staley, born March 28, 1868. Mr. 
and Mrs. McMannis are members of the United Brethren Church. He is a Prohibitionist. His 
farm contains seventy-eight acres and is well cultivated. 

LEWIS MILLS, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, a native of Paris Township, was born July 25, 
1846. He is a son of Thomas and Sophia (Dines) Mills, the former a native of Maryland, and 
the latter of Warren County, Ohio. They came to this county, where they both died. Mr. 
Mills departed this life August 23, 1871, and Mrs. M., September 17, 1864. Our subject is next 
to the youngest of eleven children, of whom six are living. He was reared on a farm and edu- 
cated in the district schools and Marysville public schools. He followed teaching of winters 
and farming of summers from 1866-70. He resided most of the time in York, Union and Tay- 
lor Townships till the spring of 1881, when he purchased the farm he now occupies. Novem- 
ber 17, 1870, he married Miss Sophronia Hamilton, a native of Taylor Township aud a daugh- 
ter of .John and Lucy (Grilhn) Hamilton. Their children are Ada, Lucy, Somelia A. and Mary. 
Mr. Mills owns a farm of 171 acres. His political views are Republican. 

.JOHN MITCHELL, Jr., retired, Marysville, is a son of John Mitchell, who was the youngest 
of eight children, and was born in Cumberland County, Penn. He moved to Milford Center in 
1823, being among ths pioneers of that township. The same year he was married to Miss Su- 
sanah Kingery, a Virginian. He was a hatter by trade, and began the struggles of life with lit- 
tle, if any means. He applied himself closely to his business, and with the elements of energy 
and frugality accomplished success. He was of a quiet unostentatious nature and a lover of 
home. In 1835, he purchased 500 acres of land upon which he resided until near the close of 
his life, in 1882, in the eighty-second year of his age. The widow who survives him resides in 
this city at the advanced age of eighty-one years. Their children are Ross, eldest son, who 
married Anna Delaud, and resides in Piatt County, 111.; John, Jr.; William D., who enlisted in 
August, 1861, in Company B, Thirty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was killed at the 
battle of Atlanta, July 22, 1864; James, who enlisted in same regiment and served the full time 
of enlistment, and was discharged in August, 1864 ; and George D., who married Sarah Converse, 
of this county. The subject of this sketch was born in Milford Center, Union Township, Feb- 
ruary 13, 1826. He was raised on the homestead farm, and in 1847 was married to Miss Har- 
riet, daughter of William and Mary Stansfield. She was of English descent, and with her par- 
ents came to this country when she was seven years of age. Her father was a merchant at 
Columbus, Ohio, some years, and died while on a visit to Illinois in 1836. His widow subse- 
(piently remove I to Shawnee County, Kan., where she died in 1861. Mr. M. disposed of his 
estate in Union Township, in 1876, and moved to this city, where he has since lived in quiet re- 
tirement. He served his native township as Justice of the Peace eight years and Trustee for 
seven years, and was otherwise identiiied with the township. He is the father of six children, 
five of whom are living, viz.: Emily L., Elizabeth A., Francis I., John M. and Carrie M. 

HUGH ^lOORE, one of the oldest citizens of Union County, was born in Charleston, 
Va., August 2, 1795. His parents, Jonathan and Elizabeth (Long) Moore, were natives of 
New Jersey and Virginia, respectively. His father served from the beginning to the termination 
of the Revolutionary war, as a member of a body-guard to Gen. Washington. In 1812, 
he, with his family, removed to (Cincinnati, and the following year to Lebanon, Warren County. 
He died at the extreme age of one hundred and one years, and his wife in her one hundredth 
year. Hugh was the eldest of five children. He was reared on a farm till of age. In 1840, he 
went to Perry County, HI., where he lived till 1846, when he returned to Warren County, and in 
1848 came to this county and located in Paris Township. He was a fife-major in the late war 
between the United States and Great Britain, and served six months. He was married, and 
had eleven children ; of these six are living, .lames, his eldest son, was born in Warren County, 
January 25, 1824; he married February 28, 1858, to Miss Christiana Belville, daughter of 
Joseph and Sarah Belville, by whom he has had three children, viz., Nicholas B., Henry A. 
and Hugh. Mr. Moore owns and occupies the home farm, which contains 116 acres, and is 
engaged in the avocation of firming. 

A. MOREY, one of the old citizens of Marysville, where he has been in business thirty-five 
years, was born in Perry County, Penn., from whence his parents moved in 1836 to Delaware 
County, Ohio. They located in Scioto Township, where both now live, at the ripe old ages of 
eighty-four and eighty-six, respectively. His father, Jacob Morey, was born in Lancaster, 
Penn., and his mother, Barbara (Jacobs) Morey, was born in Dauphin County, Penn Our sub- 
ject was born in 1822, and in 1838 he came to Marysville, where he remained until 1840, when 
he removed to Columbus, Ohio, and finished his trade, cabinet-making. Returning to Marys- 
ville in 1848, he opened a small place for manufacturing cabinet ware, on (he northeast side of 
the public square. In the following year, he etfected a |)artnership with Samuel Resler, who was 
succeeded l)y Judge Cassil, both connections being dissolved after a short duration. Mr. Morey 
then continued the business alone, and soon added steam power to his works. Shortly after- 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 125 

ward, he associated with himself two parties from the East — Sanderson and Warner — to engage in 
the manufacture of cane seats and split-bottom chairs. After the lapse of about a year, he pur- 
chased the interests of both of these men, and entered into partnership with G. W. Hupp, of 
Mechanicsburg, who, five years later, retired from the firm. Mr. Morey then moved his build- 
ing to the site on which it now stands, and has since carried on business under the firm name of 
H. W^ Morey & Co. In 1848, Mr. Morey was married to Miss Abbie B. Kinney, a native of 
Oswego County, N. Y , by whom he has had the following children : Henry AV., Charles D., 
Franklin Pierce, deceaseJ, William F., John F., Albert H., Carrie, deceased, and Estella M. 
Mr. Morey has been a member of the Odd Fellows society for tliirty-six years, has passed all 
the chairs, and for a time filled the chair of Deputy; he is also a member of the Encampment — 
a charter member of that body here, and has passad all the chairs. He was a charter member 
of the Marysville Lodge I. 0. R. M. and acted at one time in the capacity of Deputy of that 
society. He is a member of the Congregational Church, and for twenty years has had charge of 
the choir of the church at Marysville. H. W. Alorey, the eldest son of the above and a practicing 
dentist at Marysville, was born in Paris Township, this county, in 1849, and was educated at the 
public schoo's of this city. He studied dentistry under Dr. Powell, and in 1872 graduated from 
the Philadelphia Dental College. He is a thorough master of his profession, and is kept con- 
stantly employed in attending to a large and lucrative practice. In the spring of 1881, he was 
elected a member of the Board of Council, and in the fall of the following year lie was elected 
Coroner of the county, an oflSce of which he is the present incumbent. In 1874, he married Miss 
Clara A. Woods, a daughter of Samuel Woods of Union Township. Tlii^ union has been blessed 
with one child — Dana. 

ANDREW S. MOWRY, civil engineer, Marysville, was born in Smithfield, R. I., Septem- 
ber 4, 1832, and is a son of Enos and Julia A. (Vose) Mowry, both natives of that State. He, 
Andrew, was educated at the Providence Seminary at Greenwich, R. I., and studied for a sur- 
veyor in the office of Henry F. Walling, in whose employ he remaineil eight years. In 1857, he 
came to the West, and located at Waukesha, Wis., and made the first map proiluced in that 
county. He subsequently mapped Ross, Madison and other counties in Ohio, in the interest of 
Walling, and in February, 1864, came to Union County under a contract with the county, to 
make plats for the land appraisers. He was elected Surveyor in 1866, and served nine years. 
He run and made the first gravel road in this county, and made an efficient and capable officer. 
He was married December 2, 1862, to Miss Joanna Doolittle, a native of Oneida County, N. Y. 
One child, Adale, is the issue of this union. Mr. M. has been connected with the .Masonic order 
during his residence in this county, and with the Presbyterian Church of this city. Politically, 
he is a stanch Republican, and cast his first vote for Abraham Lincoln. 

THEODORE MULLEN, liveryman, of the firm of Robinson & Mullen. Marysville, was born 
in Paris Township in 1843. His parents, Charles and Sirah (Bancroft) Mullen, were both 
natives of Ohio, and his father a life-long resident of this county. His grandfather, Joseph, a 
Virginian, was a pioneer of Marietta and Madison Co., Ohio, and settled in this county, when 
Charles was five years of age. He afterward moved to Mahaska County, Iowa, where he died in 
the ninety-eighth year of his age. tJharles died in this county in February, 1882. Theodore 
was left motherless when eight years of age, and in March, 1862, he walked to Columbus, Ohio, 
and enlisted as a private in Company B, Sixty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was promoted to 
Corporal for meritorious conduct at the battle of Gettysburg. He served in the fortunes of the 
Potomac army, participating in the battle of the second Bull Run, Va., August 30, 1862 ; Freder- 
icksburg, Va., November 9 to 16, 1862; Gettysburg, Penn., July 1 to 3, 1863; Mission Ridge, 
Tenn., November, 1863; Lookout Mountain, Tenn., November 24, 1863, and Dallas or New Hope 
Church, Ga., where he was wounded in the right arm, and taken prisoner while being conveyed 
to the Chattanooga Hospital, but paroled the following day, and sent to Nashville, Tenn. Con- 
valescing, he was transferred to Columbus and discharged in December, 1864. Mr. M. is the 
embodiment of robust health and vigorous constitution, but the wound received on the field of 
New Hope Church is still troubling him, it having never healed. He was raised in this city, 
and is a dyer by trade. He served as Superintendent of the woolen mill of the Robinson Bros., 
of this city, for seventeen years, and until the establishment closed in 1880. In June, 1881, he 
joined his fortunes with J. B. Robinson in the livery business, and the firm have produced the 
most complete and thorough establishment of the kind in the city. Mr. Mullen was mariied in 
1867, to Miss Lydia, daughter of Samuel S. Jewell, of this county. Of the two children born to 
this issue, one is living — Edward. Mr. Mullen is a member of the K. P. and G. A. R. societies, 
and a sterling Republic^n in politics. 

JOSEPH NEWLOVE, deceased. This estimable gentleman, whose demise occurred 
after the compilation of this sketch, was born at Wold, Newton, Old England, in 1800, and 
with his parents, Joseph and Ann (Brown) Newlove, migrated to the American shore in 
1821. They founded a settlement near Springfield, Ohio, and were among the early pilgrims of 
Clark County, where both parents died. They rnised a family of eight children, but one, Ed- 
ward, of whom survives. The subject of this sketch remained on the homestead farm until 
twenty-one years of age, when he started alone and unaided in the battle of life. In 1849, he 
purchased and tettled upon a farm in Pharisburg, Union County, now occupied by his eldest 



126 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

son, Garrison. In 1852, he was elected County Auditor, and took up his residence in Marys- 
ville, assuming the duties of the office in the spring of 1853. Completing his term he was en- 
gaged in the management of the Marysville Bank several years, and in 1860 was again elected 
Auditor of the county, in whicli capacity he officiated six years. He was one of the prime movers 
in the organization of the Farmers' Bank, founded in 1868, and presided over its man- 
agement to the close of his life. He was a man of quiet, unostentatious habits, a good neighbor, 
a faithful friend and esteemed citizen. He was married December 6, 1827, to Miss Martha, 
daughter of Cornelius Carter, a native of Kentucky. Of the children born to this union, six are 
living— Garrison ; Ann, wife of Joseph Maskill of this county; Martha E., wife of Alphonso 
Young, of this county; John, Brown, and Benjamin C, of this city. 

JOHN NEWLOVE, the tirst soldier to enlist in Union County, and one of its bravest 
" boys," was born in Harmony Tp., Clark Co., Ohio, August 11, 1839. He is a son of Joseph and 
Martha Newlove, and a grandson of Joseph Newlove, who emigrated to the United States from 
England. John is the third son and sixth child of a family of eight. He was reared in his na- 
tive place till his parents removed to Union Countv, and acquired his education in the Marys- 
ville Public Schools. April, 1861, he enlisted for three months in Company D, Second Regi- 
ment Ohio Volunteers Infantry. He met the enemy at the first battle of Bull Run, the first 
engagement of the war. He was discharged at the expiration of the three months, and August 
26, 1861, he re-enlisted in Compiiny D, First Ohio Cavalry, for three years. He was appointed 
Fourth Sergeant and in 1803, was commissioned Commissary Sergeant. He participated in 
the following leading engagements : Stone River, Chickamauga, Kenesaw Mountain, Atlanta 
and Pittsburg Landing, and a number of minor battles. He veteranized April 3, 1864, and re- 
enlisted in the same company, and served with distinguished bravery and patriotism till after 
the close of the war. He was the first man to discover the rebel chieftain Jetf. Davis, and for 
assisting in his capture received as his portion of the $100,000, $402. He was honorably dis- 
charged Sfptember, 1805, at Columbus, Ohio. January 5, 1806, he was married to Miss Mary 
Amrine, daughter of Abraham and Nancy Amrine, and a native of Paris Township, where she 
was born May 8, 1840. They have had six children, of whom five are living — Arthur J., 
Maud, Abraham, Mary and Lucius J.; Joseph A. is deceased. Mrs. Newlove is a member of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church of Marysville. Mr. Newlove is identified with the orders of 
K. of P., I. 0. of R. M. and G. A. R. Politically, he is a stanch Republican. His farm con- 
tains 173 acres of well improved and highly cultivated land. He is engaged in agriculture and 
stock-raising; he breeds and rears Poland-China hogs, and thoroughbred Spanish Merino sheep, 
and is a regular and prominent exhibitor ai the Fair. 

F. H. OTTE, of the firm of F. H. & W. Otte, merchant tailors, dealers in ready-made 
clothing, Marysville. F. H. Otte, the senior member of this firm, is one of the busy and enter- 
prising spirits of Marysville, and was born in Hanover, Germany, March 23, 1836, and em- 
barked to the United States in 1853. He served as journeyman tailor in the mother country, 
and plied himself at his trade for one year in Buft'alo, N. Y.; he then removed to St. Catherines, 
Ontario, and remained until 1855, from which time he became a traveler at large, going to Rich- 
mond, Ind., and after a nine months' stay went to Cincinnati, Ohio, and fifteen months later to 
Memphis, Tenn., thence to New Orleans, La., and Mobile, Ala., from which point he re- 
turned to Cincinnati, Ohio, three times. Returning to Cincinnati in the fall of 1861, he met and 
married Miss E. R. Albertzart, a native of Oldenburg, Germany. After marriage, he returned 
to Buftalo, N. Y., and the following year returned to Cincinndti, thence to Richmond, Ind., and 
in 1805 to Summersville, Butler Co., Ohio, where he opened a merchant tailoring and clothing 
house, and for three and a half years settled down to business. He then returned to Mobile, 
Ala., from which point he journeyed to Red River Cjunty, Texas, and La Mar County. Thence 
to Jefferson, Madison County, where he assumed the proprietorship of a hotel; subsequently he 
went to New Orleans, La., thence to St. Louis, and to Cincinnati, Ohio, from which place he at 
last found a haven of rest among the good people of Union. Here he established business in 
the spring of 1871, and in October of the same year, his brother was admitted a partner to the 
concern. In 1872, the house occupied their present commodious quarters, where they hive had 
enough trade to keep them busy constantly. The firm carry a stock of about $15,000, and have 
a large custom trade in onnection with their sales department. Mr. 0. is a progressive, ener- 
getic business man, and worthy of the success he has attained. Of the seven children born to 
him five are living — Rosa, William, Estella, Lorentz and Clements. 

WILLIAM OTTE, of the firm of F. H. & W. Otte, merchant tailors, Marysville. This in. 
dustrious cutter and tailor is a native of Hanover, Germany, where he was born in August, 1838. 
He crossed the Atlantic to the American shore in 1857, He located at Cincinnati, Ohio, and 
soon afterward went to Richmond, Ind., where he worked diligently at his trade for fourteen 
years and until his removal to this city in 1871, at which time he was admitted as a partner in 
the clothing store of his brother. The brothers have proved themselves capable worktnen, which 
is evidenced by the large stock and increasing trade of their popular establishment. The Otte 
brothers have gained hosts of friends during their business career in Marysville, of which they 
are entirely worthy. The ' ubject of this sketch was married, in 1867, to iNIiss Kate Werner, a 
native of Richmond, Ind. Seven children born to this union are all living, viz: Ella, Louis, 
Manic, Frank, Walter, Minnie and Annie. Mr. Otte is a member of the I, 0. 0. F. society. 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 127 

ANDREW J. PARKEFv,, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born near Baltimore, Md., January 
28, 1816. His parents, George and Priscilla (Harrison) Parker, were also natives of Maryland. 
His father was a soldier of the Revolution, and was at the turrender of Lord Cornwallis. He 
died in his native State, at the advanced age of ninety-seven years. His father emigrated from 
England with a colony. He had three sons — George (who settled in Maryland), Sawney (set- 
tled in Pennsylvania) and Fielder (who settled in Virginia). George was the father of two sons 
by his first wife, and seven sons and one daughter by his last wife. Our subject is the eldest 
of the second set of children. He was reared on a farm, and married, October 10, 1844, to 
Elzira Frey, a daughter of Isaac Frey, a soldier of the war of 1812, and a grand-daughter of a 
Revolutionary patriot. Mrs. Parker is a native of Loudoun County, Va. She bore seven chil- 
dren^ — two sons and five daughters, viz.: Martha (wife of Isaac Frej'), Isaac, Hannah (wife of 
Benjamin Deal), Jura (wife of Simon Hall), Thomas, Sophena (wife of George Hall), and Mary. 
Mr. and Mrs. Parker are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Parker is connected 
with the Masonic Order, and in politics is a Republican. 

R. L. PARTRIDGE, bridge builder, Marysville. R. L. Partridge, where portrait appears 
in this volume, is the only living of four children born to his parents, Cyrus and Lucina (Car 
penter) Partridge. The former was a native of Vermont, and the latter of Washington County 
N. Y. They migrated to the West at an early day, and were among the pioneers of Franklin 
County, Ohio, where he died in 1836. The widow and mother subsequently became a resident 
of Marysville, Ohio, where she lived to the close of her life in 1850. The subject of this sketch 
sprang from the Empire State, and was born in Wilmington, Essex Co., N. Y., in 1823. He came 
to this city in 1836, where he was reared and educated under the care of, and learned wagon 
and carriage making with, Rowland Lee, a half-brother. He subsequently became engaged in 
the carpenter trade, which he followed until 1866, when he began contracting and bridge build- 
ing. Mr. Partridge has erected nine-tenths of the bridges in Union County, and at this time, 
1882, employs from five to fifteen men. He was a member of the first military organization'in 
the county, and during the Mexican war and late rebellion took an active part in raising men 
and money for the cause. He has served in the City Council, was Township Clerk and Trustee 
some years, and has always recognized and assisted in all public improvements. He was mar- 
ried in the fall of 1846 to Miss Maria Wolford, who was born in what was known as the Camp- 
bell place, Marysville, in 1825. Her parents, Adam and Catherine Wolford, settled upon sixty- 
five acres of land west and south of the new court house, in 1820, which at that time was a 
dense woods. Their cabin was erected in the rear of the present residence of Jlr. Mulford, 
which became a hallowed spot for church gatherings and pioneer meetings. Palatial residences 
and public edifices of modern design occupy the soil of this worthy pilgrim, while his spirit 
and that of his devoted companion have long since pioneered their settlement to that better 
land. The only landmark remaining at this time to recall the incidents and cherish memories 
of these associations is the old well over which was suspended "the old oaken bucket, the iron 
bound bucket, the moss covered bucket, that hung in the well." Adam Wolford was a carpen- 
ter by trade, and erected many of the first houses in Marysville. He was engaged in the con- 
struction of the old court house, and was a citizen esteemed by all who knew him. Mrs. Part- 
ridge and William Wolford of this county are the only living representatives of his children. 
Mr. and Mrs. Partridge are the parents of six living children, as follows: Asenath, A. Jen- 
nette (wife of H. C. Vosburg), Frances L. (wife of S. L. Sagar), Flora L., Catherine 0. and 
Lillian. Mrs. Partridge is the oldest native born citizen now residing in Marysville. David E. 
Wolford, a brother of Mrs. Partridge, was born and raised in Marysville. He enlisted three 
times in the Union service during the late rebellion, and while in the service contracted a 
disease of the lungs, from which he died three weeks after leaving the army, in 1865, aged 
twenty-five years. 

LEVI PHELPS, deceased. Of this sturdy pioneer, so well remembered by the older settlers 
of the county, but little can now be obtained compared with what might have been learned previous 
to his death. Levi Phelps was born in Colebrook, Litchfield Co., Conn., October 16,1789. In 1810, 
he removed to Ohio and located at Granville, in the county of Licking, and a few years later 
took up his residence near what was afterward the village of Homer, in Union Township, Union 
County, where he and his brother Sylvester built a woolen mill, in which they invested all their 
means. Mr. Phelps had been a soldier in the war of 1812. The woolen mill erected by himself 
and his brother had been in operation but a short lime when it was destroyed by fire. For a 
few years thereafter, Mr. Phelps taught school during the winter months in the vicinity of Mil- 
ford Center, and on the 3d of October, 1826, he married Sarah Cooper, removing soon afterward 
to Marysville. He became the father of six children, of whom the only survivor is Cyrus A. 
Phelps, Esq., now Cashier of the First National Bank of Springfield, Ohio. Mr. Phelps was 
chosen to fill numerous public olfices, as will be seen by reference to the list elsewhere. All of 
his children were born in Marysville. His wife was one of the original members of the Presby- 
terian Church of Marysville, organized in If 27, and Mr. Phelps became a member of the same 
later in life. He lived in Marysville from the time of his first settlement there until within two 
months of his death. He removed with his wife to Springfield, Ohio, in August, 1863, and the 
two made their home with their son, Cyrus. Levi Phelps died at the residence of his son on the 



128 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

27th of November, 1863, at the age of seventy-four years. He is remembered as a zealous par- 
tisan in politics. He was an ardent admirer of Henry Clay and always voted with the Whig 
or Republican party. He was by all men justly regarded as an upright man, a good citizen and 
a kind neighbor, and died leaving both a good name and a good estate. 

L. PIPEK, attorney, Marysville. Robert Piper, grandfather of our subject, was a 
native of Ireland, who with a brother; crossed the ocean to the Colonies in 1790. The brother 
located at Cape Girardeau, Mo., and Robert settled in Pennsylvania, where he married Miss 
Susannah Cochran, who was born September IG, 1781 . He moved and settled in Union Township 
in 1813. His death occurred while on the road between Cliillicothe, Ohio, and his home, on Oc- 
tober 18, 1813. Their children were Eleanor Margaret, William C, Mary Rosannah and Jane. 
His widow subsequently married John Porter, by whom she had two children, Maria and Susan. 
Her death occurred Augusfl4, 1824. William C. Piper, father of this subject, was born in 
AVashington County, Penn., and was six years of age when he moved with his father s family to 
this county. He worked diligently on the homestead farm until a young man, when he went to 
learn the carpenter's trade at Milford. In 1834, he was married to Miss Hannah F., daughter of 
Richard Gabriel. She was born on the homestead farm in Union Township, October, 1811. 
In 1844, he purchased the farm upon which his widow and children now reside, where he passed 
the remaining years of his life. He filled the office of Township Trustee for thirty-three con- 
secutive years and was prominently identified with the Township in various ways. The Whig 
party solicited his candidacy for County Sheriff but he respectfully declined. He was a man of 
refined taste, a great reader, quiet, and unostentatious in his habits, and a lover of home. His 
death is recorded in May, 1876. He was the father of seven children, six of whom are living. 
The subject of this sketch is the eldest of the children, and was born on the homestead farm in 
Union Township, November 22, 1836. He secured his primary education in the select schools 
of that township, and pursued two years of study at the Otterbein University, Franklin 
County, Ohio; subsequently he entered the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, 
from which institution he graluated in June, 1864. The following year, he began the study of 
law in the office of Col. Lawrence, of this city. He was admitted to the bar by the District 
Court of Delaware County in June, 1867. On March 1-5, 1869, the law firm of Robinson & Piper 
was formed, under which association he has since been continuously engaged. In October, 1869, 
he was elected Prosecuting Attorney, and re-elected to the same office in the fall of 1871. He 
served as Coun>y Examiner from 1867 to 1874, and was a member of the School Board for eleven 
consecutive years, most of which time he served as Clerk of the Board, which position he fills 
at this time. He enjoyed the position of Superintendent of Schools from January, 1867, to the 
close of the following year, and has always taken an active part in educational affairs. During 
the rebellion, he enlisted as a musician in the brigade band, but after a short service was taken 
sick and while lying in the hospital the band was discharged. Mr. P. was reared in the Pres- 
byterian Church at Milford, and has been an Elder of the Presbyterian Church of this city since 
1873. He is connected with the order of Masons and the G. A. R. His marriage to Miss 
Martha, daughter of Daniel and Mary Coe, occurred April 29, 1869. She was born October 13, 
1845, and died June 15, 1882. Four children, the fruits of this union, survive her loss, as fol- 
lows: Kate, William C, Ralph M. and Ruth. 

JOSEPH POWERS, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Monroe Township, Madison Co., 
Ohio, in December, 1813. His grandfather, Walter Powers, was by birth a Virginian, of Dutch 
descent, and a soldier of the Revolutionary war. His parents, Robert and Mary (Higgins) 
Powers, were both natives of Virginia, who located at an early time in Belmont County, Ohio, 
thence going to Madison County, Ohio, in 1808, where he purchased 900 acres of land from Robert 
Means, the original proprietor and an officer of the Revolutionary war. Here he founded a 
home, raised his family and lived until 1821, when he, with his devoted wife, were called to join 
in the settlement of that better land. He, with a brother (Joseph), gave their services to their 
country in the war of 1812, and both were distinguished pioneers of the State. The subject of 
this sketch is the ehlest of three living children. Left an orphan when nine years of age, he was 
bound out to one James Burnham until becoming of age. He remained in durance about seven 
years, when he started out for himself, and was employed working on a farm and driving cattle 
over the mountains. After marriage in 1836 to Miss Julia E. McCoy, he returned to the home- 
stead and rented farms until his removal to this county in 1848. He purchased 250 acres of 
land west of this city, where he resided until 1877, when he purchased seven acres of land on 
West Center street upon which he erecterl his present residence. He has made a subse<(ucnt 
purchase of twenty-five acres and added to his farm, which is thoroughly drained with 1,000 
rods of tile, and is well-cultivated and productive. His wife died in 1849, leaving four children, 
two of whom survive (William M. and Joseph W.). His present wife Helen (daughter of Aquilla 
Turner), is a native of Clirk County, Ohio. Of the children born to this union seven are living, 
viz.: Charles, Napoleon, John, Phebe A., James, Temperance and Thomas. William M. enlisted 
in the ranks of the Union army under Capt. Smith, of the Sixty-sixth Regiment, and was dis- 
charged on account of failing health in 1862. He again enlisted in the six months' service, and 
again in 1864 as a recruit. Also, Joseph W. served through the war and both brothers were with 
Sherman on his memorable march to the sea. Mr. P. was Township Trustee about eight years, 





\ai^'^^(rY 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 131 

and is one of the oldest and most respected pioneers of the county. He is connected wiih the 
M. E. Church. 

EDWARD POWERS, farmer and stock-raiser, P. 0. Marysville, a native of Madison County, 
Ohio, was born April 8, 1819. He is a son of Robert and Mary (Higgins) Powers, who were 
natives of the Old Dominion. They died, the former in August and the latter in September of 
1821. Our suViject was then placed in the care of Andrew and Mercy Amrine, who soon came 
to Paris Township. He remained with Mr. Amrine and family till fourteen years old, then 
went to Springfield and spent one year working at the cabinet trade. The next four 
years he employed in learning the carpenter trade in Marysville. The site of Marysville was 
then marked by only eight houses, and Mr. Powers aided in constructing many of the more 
substantial business houses and residences that now form a part of Marysville. Mr. Powers 
pursued his early chosen trade but a few years, till his marriage, which occurred December 26, 
1840, with Miss Polly A. Dines, a daughter of James C. and Providence Dines, and a native of 
Lebanon, Ohio. She was born June 5, 1821. This union resulted with seven children, viz.: 
Annette, born February 26, 1842, wife of J. M. Horney ; Providence, born February 4, 1844, 
wife of H. A. Westlake; Mary, born December 9, 1847, and died May 11, 1849; Chambers, 
born April 28, 1849, married Inis Smith ; Frances E., born November 15, 1853, wife of E. B. 
Knotts; Charlie, born April 25, 1857; and Glara, born February 7, 1859, wife of T. S. Blue 
In 1856, Mr. Powers located on his present farm. For the last ten years, he has devoted 
especial attention to keeping Spanish Merino sheep, which he exhibited at the Annual County 
Fair of 1881, and was awarded the first premium. He was one of the first to introduce Poland- 
China hogs. He has been a member of the County Agricultural Society since its organization, 
and was one of the agricultural board two years. Politically, he is a Republican. He is identi- 
fied with the Masonic Order and Grange. He owns a large and well-improved farm. Of winters, 
for the last twelve years, he has dealt in furs, doing a large business. 

JOHN C. PRICE, stock-dealer, Marysville, was born in Madison County, Ohio, in March, 
1^32. His parents, Henry and Eliza (Corey) Price, were natives of Maryland and Connecticut, 
respectively. His grandfather, John Price, was a native of Connecticut, and settled in Ross 
County at a very early day. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. Subsequently, he removed 
to Madison County, Ohio, where he passed the remainder of his life. Henry was raised on a 
farm in Ross County, and was largely engaged in stock dealing, making long trips with cattle 
over the mountains. He accumulated a large landed property, and was widely and favorably 
known. He raised a family of six children, four of whom are living, viz.: John C, the subject 
of this sketch; Annette, wife of T. S. Snow, of Lima, Ohio; Robert and Russell. His death 
occurred in 185 !. His wife survived until 1880. Mf . Price came to this county and city in 
1859, since which time he has been largely engaged in stock-dealing. He has served many 
years as Land Appraiser, and in the election of 1873, was selected as County Sheritf, which 
office he occupied the following year. He was reelected in 1875, serving two terms with great 
satisfaction to his constituents. At the breaking-out of the rebellion in 1861, he joined the 
ranks of the Union army in Company F, Thirteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served about 
two years in the field. He re-enlisted in the Forty-fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served 
through to the close of the war. He participated in the battles of Carnifax Ferry, W. Va., in 
1861; Shiloh, March 2 to April 6, 1862; Corinth, April 30, 1862; Knoxville, Tenn., September 
1863; Resaca, Ga., May 13, 1864; Altoona Mountain, May 25, 1864, where he received a 
wound in the left arm. and from the field hospital was transferred to the hospital at Camp Den- 
nison, where he was confined until the wound healed, and he was honorably discharged. Mr. 
Price is a member in good standing of the Masonic fraternity, I. 0. 0. F. Order, and is one of 
the active business men of the county. He was married in 1853 to Miss Rhuma Dawson, a 
native of Champaign County, Ohio. Their living children are Effie, wife of J. C. Gunthrie, 
Alice and Durell, the latter a graduate of Marysville High School. 

EDWARD S. PYNE, retired, Marysville, is a son of David and Anna (Fanning) Pyne, and 
was born at Fayetteville, Onondaga County, N. Y., October 26, 1840, and spent his youth at 
Cazenovia, N. Y. He began the battle of life in his youth, and selected the business that crowned 
his etForts with success. When fourteen years of age, he left home to fill a situation as sales- 
man in the dry goods house of William H. and J. F. Hubbard, at Susquehanna, Penn. Three 
years later, he returned to his home. After a service at Syracuse, N. Y., he became engaged 
at Gibson, Penn., where he formed the acquaintance of Everett Whitney, with whose son A. J. 
he afterward became engaged in the dry goods trade at Marysville. This copartnership being 
consolidated, the firm of Whitney & Pyne opened a stock of dry goods to the public in October, 
1862. This firm conducted a large and successful trade for fourteen years. In 1876, Whitney 
retired from the firm, and in the following year Mr. Pyne disposed of his interest to W. H. 
Robb. Mr. Pyne subsequently purchased a small stock of goods, but after a short lime disposed 
of it, and retired from active business. Since that time he has dealt considerably in real estate, 
and aided materially in the growth and development of the city. He served nine years as 
Deputy Collector of Union and Delaware Counties, and has always taken an active interest in all 
public improvements. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and of the Methodist Episco- 
pal Church. Mr. Pyne married January 3, 1865, to Miss Mary, a daughter of AVilliam Lee, a 



132 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

native of Troy, Rensselaer County, N. Y. Two children born to this issue are living, viz.: Har- 
riet and Edward F. 

TABER RANDALL was born in AVindsor County, Vt., November 5, 1806. His father, 
Joshua Randall, a native of Plymouth, Mass., was born May 10, 1758; and his mother, Keziah 
Hawley, was born in Connecticut in 1767. They were married in Keene, N. H. In 1809, they 
removed to Essex County, N. Y., and in 1818 to Franklin County, Ohio, where they resided till 
182.5, and removed to Huron, which afterward became Erie County, Ohio, where Mr. Randall died 
May 20, 1828. He was a Revolutionary patriot, having served from beginning to end as a 
minuteman in that war. Among the important battles in which he was engaged were Bunker 
Hill, burning of Charleston and New Bedford, and Sullivan's expedition to Long Island. He 
married for his first wife Hannah Randall, by whom he had four sons, all now deceased. By his 
second wife, Keziah Hawley, he had four sons and four daughters ; of these, two are living — Phebe, 
widow of Evans Carr deceased, and Taber, the subject of this sketch. The latter was reared and 
brought up to the shoe-maker's trade. In 1825, when eighteen years of age, he taught his first school 
in what is now Mill Creek Township. He then went to Huron County with his parents and taught 
one winter. In February, 1828, he returned to Mill Creek Township and resumed teaching, which 
he followed in all twelve years. In 1844, he was elected Justice of the Peace of Jackson Town- 
ship, and was four times choseuto that office. The kxst term, however, he i-esigned before its close, 
to accept the position of Clerk of the county. He served in this official capacity from 1854 to 
1869, inclusive. From 1871 to 1879, he was employed in indexing the records of deeds and 
mortgages from 1820 to 1879. Mr. Randall was Clerk of Jackt-on Township sixteen years, and of 
Paris one year, and was the first Postmaster at Essex, Rush Creek Post Office. Since his residence 
in Marysville, he filled the office of Justice of the Peace one term. On January 1, 1832, he was 
married to Miss Elizabeth Cheney, a daughter of Ebenezer and Elizabeth (Owen) Cheney. She 
died in February, 1834, leaving four children— Phebe J., Mary K., Richard H. and Hannah E., 
all of whom are now deceased. Mr. Randall was married the second time, November 13, 1860, to 
Mrs. Jane Brophy, widow of William Brophy, and daughter of Stephenson and Sarah D. Curry. 
Mrs. Randall was born in Jerome Township in August, 1833. She had one child bu her former 
husband — Ida M., wife of L. H. Davis, of Delaware, Ohio. Mr. Randall is connected with the 
Masonic order and in politics is a Republican. 

J. N. RATH BUN, gardener, Marysville. The history of Union County presents the name 
of Rathbun among its distinguished families and pioneers. John Rathbun, the grandfather, was 
the first to locate a settlement, and clear a spot for a cabin in Darby Township, where he lived to 
the close of his earthly existence. He was a practicing physician, and during his time was pop- 
ularly and favorably known. Chai'les, his son, and father of our subject, was born and reared 
on the homestead, and adopted the pi-ofession of his father, in which he became successful. He 
moved and began the practice of his profession in Marysville ia 1845. He secured a large prac- 
tice, and remained with this people until 1862, when he removed to Washington County, Ind. 
where he died. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Russell, was a native of I»arby 
Township. The subject of this sketch is the eldest of seven living children, and was born on 
the homestead in Darby Township January 3, 1832. For twenty-five years, he was engaged in 
the mercantile trade in this city. In October, 1861, he enlisted his services to the Union army 
in Company F, Sixty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He received promotion to the com- 
mand of Company C, at Bridgport, Ala., and was a participant in the battles of Port Repub- 
lic, June 9, 1862, where he received a wound in the side, and for a short time suffered confine- 
ment. Again in the field, he met the foe at Gettysburg, July 1, 2, 3, 1863 ; Lookout Mount- 
ain, November 24, 1863; Ringgold, Ga., September 11, 1863; Pumpkin Vine Creek, Ga., 
May 25,1864; Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 19, 1864; and Atlanta, Ga., July 21, 1864. 
He was mustered out at Atlanta, Ga., October 7, 1864. In 1880, Mr. R. settled on his pres- 
ent place, consisting of six and one-fourth acres of choice land, where he carries on extensive 
gardening operations. He was married July 5, 1853, to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Tur- 
ner, and a native of Marysville, who died December 25, 1879. His present wife. Miss Mary C. 
Cranson, is a native of Allen Township, Union County. One child, Johb, Jr., has been born to 
this union. Capt. Rathbun is a solid Republican politically, a respectedmember of the I. 0. 0. F. 
society and G. A. R. 

S. L. REED, of the firm of S. L. Reed & Son, grocers, is a son of James Reed, who called 
himself James Reed the first, a native Pennsylvania, who was brought by his parents, Samuel 
and Elizabeth Reed, to this county. They were among the early settlers of Darby Township. 
James Reed married Miss Annie Robinson, who was born in Darby Township. The whole family 
connections show them to be among the earliest pioneers. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Darby Township, Union County, September 17, 1822. He was raised on the homestead farm, 
where he remained until twenty-oue years of age, when he went to Milford Center and worked 
at tanning and in the mill for sixteen successive years, during which time he resided in Greene 
County. In 1866, he returned to this city, and for fifteen years engaged in draying. This he 
abandoned in 1882 and established himself in the grocery business, which he has since con- 
ducted profitably and with increasing trade. He succeeded Thompson & Weld in this trade, 
and carries a large stock of well-selected groceries, crockery, etc. He was married in 1843 to 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 133 

Miss Margaret F., daughter of James Boals, of this county. Of the children born to this union, 
eight are living, as follows: Martha A., wife of William Longbrake ; Elizabeth J.; James H. 
married Elizabeth Sanderson; Alvira; Delia, wife of William Rhulen ; Emma; Cyrus, the 
junior member of the firm, and Robert Dyer. Mr. Reed is connected with the Presbyterian 
Church, and is widely known as a reliable business man and a worthy and esteemed citizen. 

JOSEPH K. RICHEY, farmer, P. 0. Marysville. The subject of this sketch, whose por- 
trait appears in this work, is a native of Beaver County, Penn., where he was born September 19, 
1811, and is a son of William and Mary (Kane) Richey, the former a native of Cumberland 
County, Penn., and the latter of North Ireland; her parents were Scotch Protestants, and migrated 
from Scotland to the place of her nativity, thence to the United States when the mother of our 
subject was four years of age. The parents settled in Westmoreland County, Penn., where they 
passed the remainder of their days. The grandparents of Joseph, on his father's side, Adam 
and Elizabeth Richey, were of the same origin, and emigrated at an early date to the American 
shore and settled in the same county in Pennsylvania, where they both died. They had eight 
children, five sons and three daughters. The sons were .James, Thomas, Adam, William and 
John. The two eldest were soldiers in the Revolutionary war ; James served through the war 
and afterward settled in North Carolina. William, the father of our subject, was first married 
in Westmoreland County, Penn., to Miss Catherine 0. Hale, who bore him three daughters, Eliza- 
beth, Nancy and Mary. He moved with his family to Madison County, Ohio, in the spring of 
1813, and settled in Darby Township, where he resided until 1819, when he moved to Dover 
Township, Union Co., where his wife died. By his second marriage, to Mary Kane, he had nine 
children, eight of whom are living, viz.: Martha, William, Catherine, James, Sarah, Ann, Mar- 
garet, Adam and Joseph K. Our subject, the youngest, was married December 24, 1835, to Miss 
Nancy, daughter of George and Susannah Longbrake. Mrs. Richey was born August 1, 1817, in 
Clark County, Ohio. This union produced four sons and three daughters, four of whom are 
living, as follows : Adam; Jay H.; Mary, wife of H. Lovelace; and Louisa, wife of V. Tui-ner. 
George, youngest son, enlisted in Company F, Sixty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was 
killed by a shell on the battle-field of Port Republic, June !>, 1862. Mr. Ricliey cleared the land 
of the homestead, and at this time owns 52-5 acres, 400 of which are improved. He has taken 
an active interest in the growth and improvement of the county since its organization. He was 
Assessor of the Milford & Irwin pike, it being the first gravel road erected in the county. He 
served nine years as County Commissioner, and was one of the board in the construction of the 
first gravel roads in the county, to which improvement his last term was devoted in superin- 
tending. He has also filled other offices of minor importance, and is one of our oldest and 
most respected citizens. 

W. H. ROBB, retired. This worthy citizen and soldier is a son of Julin and Margaret 
(Ilillis) Eobb, the former a native of Washington County, Penn., and the latter of Kentucky. 
Robert, the grandparent, was born in Washington County, Penn., and served in the American 
Army through the Indian wars. Subsequently, he moved with his family to Kentucky, and was 
a distinguished pioneer of Lewis County, where he lived to the close of his life. John Robb was 
a participant in the war of 1812, and in the spring of 1842 moved and settled on a farm in Lib- 
erty Township, Union County, Ohio, where, together with his wife, they lived, rejoiced and 
sorrowed for twenty years, and together died in 1865. The subject of this sketch, whose por- 
trait appears in this work, was born in Lewis County, Ky., in January, 1826. He was raised 
on a farm, but was engaged as a salesman until his election as County Sherifi' in 1854. This 
official position he occupied two terms, when he pursued the mercantile trade, and in 1861 was 
elecied Representative from this county to the State Legislature. At the close of his term, he 
gave his service to his country's flag, and raised Company E, of the Eighty-sixth Ohio Volun- 
teer Infantry, three months' service, in which he was commissioned Captain June 3, 1862, and 
was mustered out at Delaware, Ohio, September 25, by reason of expired term of service. 
In 1864, he raised Company C, of the One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 
in which he enlisted as a private, and was discharged therefrom as Captain May 12, 1865, by 
reason of disability resulting from wounds received in the service. He participated in the bat- 
ties of Decatur, Tenn., August 18, 1864; Overalls Creek, December 4, 1864, and in the charge 
during the battle of the Cedars he was severely wounded in the right arm, and conveyed from 
the field. He was confined in the hospital at Murfreesboro, Tenn., from December 4, 1864, 
until April 5, 1865, when he returned to his home. In the fall of the same year, he was elected 
County Treasurer. His abilities and fitness in the discharge of this important trust gave him 
re-election in 1867, closing his service the second term. In the spring of 1870, he was appointed 
United States Revenue Collector, in which capacity he served the Government five years. Sub- 
sequently he pursued the mercantile trade a few years, when he retired from the active duties 
of life. Mr. R. has passed the chair of High Priest in Masonry, and is Quartermaster in the 
G. A. R. He was married in Union County, Ohio, in 1850, to Miss Eliza J. Green, a native of 
New York State, wlio died after two years of wedded life. His second marriage, to Miss Amelia 
J. Turner, a native of Clark County, Ohio, occurred in 1855. This union has been blessed with 
four children, all of whom are living, viz. : Ella, eldest daughter, is a teacher of schools in 
Philadelphia; Willis 0., a Professor of languages and literature in the Cincinnati College, both 



134 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

graduates of Wesleyan University ; Lillie and Lina, graduates of Farmers' College, Cincinuati. 
The family are connected with the Methodist Episcopal Church of this city. 

JOHN W. ROBINSON, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, son of .John W. and Elizabeth Robinson, 
early pioneers of this county, was born in Darby Township .Tanuary 11, 1831. He spent his 
early lite on his father's farm, and received his education in the common schools of his native 
place. February 8, 1855, he was united in marriage witli Miss Sarah Cole, a daughter of Daniel 
and Mary Cole, natives of Pennsylvania. Mrs. Robinson, anative of Washington County, Penti., 
was born May 24, 1831. Seven children were born to this union, viz.: Joseph H., Mary E., 
Aaron F., Jennie C, Carrie B., James E. and John C. In the spring of 1858, Mr. Robinson pur- 
chase I his present farm, where he has since resided, He owns 240 acres of well-improved land 
at a convenient distance from Marysville. He has always followed the avocation of agriculture 
and stock-raising, and with success. He was the organizer of Grange No. 404, and served as its 
first Master; is now Treasurer of the County Grange. He is serving his second term as member 
of the Board of Township Trustees. Politically, he is a Republican. He and family are associ- 
ated with the Presbyterian Church of Marysville. 

A\R0N B. ROBINSON, merchant and attorney, Marysville. The subject of this sketch is 
a lineal descendant of Union County's earliest pilgrims, and was born in Darby Township No- 
vember 10, 1833, and is a son of John W. and Elizabeth (Mitchel) Robinson, natives of Penn- 
sylvania. Judge David Mitchel was the first to settle in the limits of Union County, some time 
prior to 1800. He became prominently identified with its interests, and occupied the chair of 
Associate Judge a number of years. Aaron B. Robinson was reared on the homestead farm, 
and learned to labor with his hands. He acquired a primary education in the schools of this 
city, and entered Jefferson College at Cannonsburg for the completion of his collegiate studies. 
In the Junior year, his health failed him, and he was obliged to return home. Subsequently, he 
began the study of law, and in 1858 attended the Cincinnati Law School. He was admitted to 
the bar the following year, and began the practice of his profession in connection with his brother, 
Hon. J. W. Robinson, in that city. He volunteered his services to the Union army during 
the rebellion, and entered the service on the 22d day of August, 1862, as Captain of Company I, 
One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and participated in most of 
the battles in which the regiment was engaged. He was wounded on the field of Chickamauga, 
Ga., September 19, 1863, and sent home, where he remained three months, when he returned 
to his regiment and served through to the close of the war. He received promotion to Colonel 
of his regiment, but was mustered out as Lieutenant Colonel June 17, 1865. Pieturning to 
peaceful pursuits, he joined his brother in the manufacture of woolen goods in a mill located near 
Military and West streets. The brothers did an extensive business in this establishment, which 
closed in 1880, after a long and successful career. In 1879, Mr. Robinson erected the large and 
commodious store of his present premises, where he carries on an extensive trade in dry goods, 
carpets, etc. He is at this time, July, 1882, serving his second year as Representative to the 
Ohio Legislature, to which he was elected in 1879. Mr. Robinson was joined in marriage in 
1868 to Miss Keziah, daughter of Alfred and Harriet Wilkins, wh"se family history appears in 
this portion of the work. Four children born to this union are all living, viz.: Harriet E., E. 
Gertrude, Martha E. and Alfred J. Mr. Robinson is a member of the G. A. R., and the family 
are members of the Presbyterian Church. 

JOHN B. ROBINSON, of the livery firm of Robinson & Mullen, Marysville. Mr. Robinson 
is politically a representative of the old-time Jacksonian Democracy, of loyal inhgritance, who 
gave his service to his country's flag, and on the battle-field secured the legacy herein trans- 
mitted to his chihlren, his country and his home. He was born in Jerome Township, Union 
County, in June, 1841. He was raised on a farm, and enlisted at Camp Chase, in Company B, 
Thirty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, August 9, 1861. The regiment was assigned to the Army 
of the Potomac and entered the field in September, 1861. He participated in the battle of Bull 
Pasture Mountain, Va., May 8, 1861, and was among the prisoners captured at Harper's Ferry, 
Va., October 11, 1861. He was exch.anged, and joined the forces under Gen. Grant at Vicksburg, 
Miss., and was assigned to the first line of advance through the siege and fall of that place. May 
to July 4, 1>63; also in the battle of Raymond, Miss., May 12, 1863; ('hampion Hills, Miss., 
May 16, 1863. At the close of Vicksburg, the regiment returned to Ohio on veteran furlough, 
was consolidated and joined Sherman at Resaca, Ga. He was in the advancing line at Kenesaw 
Mountain, Ga., June, 1864, and at Atlanta, Ga., was placed on the first skirmish line of advance 
before that place. Closely following the siege of Atlanta was Jonesboro, Ga., from August 
19 to September 7, 1864. Then joining the victorious legions he marched with Sherman to the 
sea. He was again selected as one to advanee the line again«t Savannah, Ga., December 10, 

1864. He was among the gallant leaders in the battle of G^ldsboro, N. C, March 21-24, 

1865, and at the surrender of Johnston to the Union forces at Raleigh, April 26, 1865. Thence 
taking up the line of march homeward, through the grand review at Washington, and thence to 
Louisville, where he was discharged. Through all the privations and perils of war, he came out 
unscathed, and physically a more robust man. Returning to peaceful pursuiis, he engaged in 
farming, and in October, 1878, was married to Miss Sarah C, a daughter of Jesse and Jane 
Gill, of Union Township. Five children born to this Union are all living, viz.: James E., .\n- 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 135 

drew. Flora, Laura and Pearl, and all the grandchildren of Charles M. and Margaretta 
(Roney) Robinson, residents of this city. The subject of this sketch moved to Marysville in 
1873 and began dealing in stock. Jle has a pure thoroughbred Norman, importeil from France, 
in 18(J7, at a cost of |3,000. His weight is 1,800 pounds, and in color he is white as snow. 
Mr. Robinson erected the stable he now occupies in 1878, and in June, 1881, Theodore Mullen 
was admitted a partner. This enterprising firm keep nothing but good stock, both in horses, 
buggies and carriages, and consume the great bulk of the city trade. They are courteous and 
obliging, and are worthy of the patronage they receive. 

0. L. ROBINSON, commission merchant, Marysville. This family is among the oldest and 
most respected of Union County pioneers. Grandfiither, Thomas Robinson, left the Keystone 
State in 1805, and settled in Darby Township, where he passed the remaining years of his life. 
He raised a family of six children, five sons and one daughter, three of whom are living. The 
subject of this sketch is a son of John M. and Mary J. (Roney) Robinson, and was born on the 
tiomestead, in Jerome Township, Octobef 13, 1846. He was raised on a farm, and in 1862, en- 
listed in Company E, Eighty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served four months in the field. 
In August, 1863, he re-enlisted in Company G, One Hundred and Twenty-ninth Ohio Volunteer 
Infantry, and serve! in the field until March, 1864. Returning to peaceful pursixits, he was for 
one year engaged as a salesman at Columbus, when he established himself in the livery and 
stock business .t Plain City, Madison County. In 1871, he removed to Marysville and became 
engaged in the live-stock and commission bu-dness at Cleveland, Ohio, where he was established 
under the firm name of Hunt & Robinson. For the past four years, the firm of Hunt, Robinson 
& Greenlee, have, with a large capital, carried on an extensive trade in the purchase and sale 
of sheep, hogs and cattle, at the Cleveland stock yards. Mr. R. spends the summer months 
at his home in this city, where he is connected witli the wool trade. He is possessed of an 
active, persevering temperament, and is always busy. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. Lodge, 
of Plain City, and of the G. A. R., of thi-s city. His marriage to Miss Julia Shipman, a native of 
Plain City, Madison County, Ohio, occurred in 1868. 

GEORGE P. ROBINSON, ^Marysville, is an offspring of one of the hardy pioneer fam- 
ilies of Union County. His grandfxther, Thomas, was among the foremost to erect a cabin 
in the limits of Darby Township, where he lived and died. His parents, Adam P. and Nancy 
J. (Marshall) Robinson, were both born in Darby Township in 1812. He was a resident of his 
native township until 1873, when he took up his residence in Marysville, where he died October 
24, 1881. His life companion, who survives, is in the seventieth year of her age. The subject 
of this sketch was born on the homestead August 9, 1843. He remained at home until the breaking- 
out of the rebellion, when he joined the boys in blue of the Fortieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, en- 
listing in Company D, August J 3, 1861. He participated in the battles of Duck River, Tenn., April 
26, 1863; Chickamauga, Qa., September 19, 1863; Mission Ridge, Tenn., November 24, 1863; 
Lookout Mountain, Tenn., above the clouds, November 25, 1863; Pound Gap, Ky., April 19, 
1864; Dalton, Ga., May 9, 1864; Resaca, Ga., May 13, 1864; Kenesaw Mountain, June 10, July 
2, 1864; Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 19, 1864; Atlanta, Ga., July 21, November 9, 1864; Jones- 
boro, Ga., August 19, 1864; Lovejoy Station, Ga., July 29, 1864; and Buzzard's Roost, Ga., Feb- 
ruary 25-27, 1864. He was honorably discharged at Atlanta, Ga., October 7, 1864, and returned 
to his home. He engiged in teaching school and working on the farm until 1872, when he 
moved to North Lewisburg and opened a hai'dware store. Two years later he returned to this 
city and engaged in teaching and mercantile trade until 1875, when he was elected County Re- 
corder. He was re-elected in 1878, and occupied that position six years. He is an honored 
member of the Masonic fraternity, of the K. of P. and the G. A. R. His marriage to Miss Lydia 
E., daughter of Rev. P. Webster, and a native of Knox County, Ohio, occurred November 13, 
1873. One child — Winefred C, is the only issue of this union. Mr. and Mrs. Robinson are con- 
nected with the Presbyterian Church. 

JAMES HAMILTON RONEY, son of James and Rachel (La Rue) Roney, was born in Chester 
County, Penn , .January 14, 1831. When two years of age, his father moved to Franklin County, 
Ohio, and eight years later, on the death of his parents, James went to live with a married sister, 
Mrs. Margaretta Robinson, in Jerome Township, Union County. On the 27th of September, 
1853, he married Rebecca, daughter of William and Nancy (Bain) Bigger, and in the spring of 
1867 moved to Marysville, where he and his family of three children — Anna, Nellie and Willie 
— still reside. Mr. Roney has been for more than thirty years a stock-dealer, and is the largest 
shipper in the county. 

DR. A. SABINE, Marysville. William (1) Sabine, the first progenitor, appeared in the town 
of Rehoboth, Mass., at the organization of the town in 1642. When he came to America, is 
not known ; but tradition says he came from Wales or the South of England, v/here he found 
refuge in flight from France. He was a Huguenot, and was a man of considerable culture, and 
possessing wealth, as is shown in the account of his estate and gifts for the relieving of the 
wants of those who suffered from the ravages of the Indians. He was one of the leading spirits 
of Rehoboth, in schools, church, and in affairs at Plymouth. We do not know who was his first 
wife, but she died shortly after 1660. He married second, Martha, daughter of James and Anna 
Allen, of Medfield, Mass. He died February 9, 1687. His will was made June 4, 1685, and 



136 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

probated in Boston, July 17, 1687, during the administration of Gov. Andros. The original 
will is on file in Boston. In it are mentioned sixteen of his twenty children. Ilis children by 
his first wife were all born in Rehoboth, except the two eldest, whose place of birth is unknown. 
Benjamin (2) Sabine, fourth child by his first wife, was born M:iy 3, 1646, in Rehoboth, where 
he resided until 1676, when he removed to Roxbury, Mass., and in 1686 was one of the thirteen 
pioneers who settled Woodstock, Conn., and joined the same year in purchasing a l^rge tract 
of land lying just south of Woodstock — Mashanioquoit, the present town of Pomfret. He lived 
in Woodstock until 1705, when he reoQOved to his new purchase. He died in Pomfret July 21, 
1725, aged eighty. He married, first, Sarah, daiighter, of John and Rebecca Polly, by whom 
he had four children. He married, second, Sarah Parker, July 5, 1678, by whom he had seven 
children. Nehemiah (3) Sabine, second child of Benjamin by his second wife, was born in 
Roxbury January 10, 1681. He marrifed Elizabeth Boyden, of Medfield, Mass., where he re- 
sided until about 1716, when he returned to Pomfret. He died July 5, 1746. He had seven 
children. Nehemiah (4) Sabine, fifth child of Nehemiah, Sr., was born in Medfield, Mass., 
September 9, 1713. He married Ruth Cooper, December 3, 1735, and had five childi-en. He 
died July 4, 1746. Nehemiah (5) Sabine, born in Pomfret, Conn., April 8, 1741 ; married Mary 
Rice, May 12, 1763, and settled in Tolland, Conn., where eight children were born. Nehemiah 
(6) Sabine [Nehemiah (5). Nehemiah (4), Nehemiah (3), Benjamin (2), William (1)], born in 
Tolland, Conn., March 18, 1777. Married, March 28, 1792, Susannah, daughter of Joseph 
Hawkins (son of James Hawkins, who came from England at an early day). He was a black- 
smith. Soon after marriage, he embraced religion, united with the Methodists, and was soon 
licensed to preach. Was preaching in Vergennes, Vt., in 1793; Whitestown, N. Y., in 1795; 
Pitsfield, N. Y., in 1798; St. Armans, Lower Canada, in 1800; Highgate, Vt., 1802, and in 1806 
purchased a farm at Dunham, Lower Canada, where he remained until 1812. When war was 
declared between England and the States, he embraced the first opportunity to cross the line 
into Averment, where one of his parishioners was on picket Capt. On the 20th of September, 
1812, with one two-horse and one three-horse wagon, and a family of nine children, he started 
for Ohio. Arrived in Worthington about the middle of November, 1812, where he wintered. 
During the summer of 1813, he purchased a farm on the south bank of Little Darby, on the 
post road, in what is now Union County, and built a cabin, Roswell, Laura and John F. occu- 
pying it immediately, the remainder of the family not being able to join them until spring, on 
account of high water. He died December 20, 1814, of "milk sickness." His wife, Susannah 
(Hawkins) Sabine, survived him, and died from injuries received in falling, at the home of her 
son, John F., in Marysville, Ohio, at the advanced age of ninety-four years. Their chiMren 
were as follows: Hiram, born March 18, 1793, died September 20, 1814, of milk sickness; 
Hylas, born November 16, 1795. died December 9, 1834, of consumption ; Dr. Roswell, born 
January 29, 1798, died March 11, 1875, of pneumonia; Laura, born September 12, 1800, died 
March 10,1880, of dropsy; John Fletcher, born December 9, 1802, living; Phebe, born January 
31, 1805, died September 20, 1815, of milk sickness ; Asbury, born January 13, 1807, died April 
8, 1845, of consumption; Rebecca T., born January 15. 1809, living (wife of Andrew Keyes) ; 
Dr. Charles W., born June 21, 1811, died Februarj- 15, 1842, of consumption; William R., born 
December 23, 1813, died June 24, 1835, of consumption. Milk sickness was really the pri- 
mary cause of death of those who died with phthisis consumption. John Fletcher (7) Sabine, 
born December 9, 1802, in Highgate, Vt., came to this county December 1, 1813. His father 
dying when he was but twelve yeai's old, the support of the family devolving upon him. He 
married, September 17, 1828, Euphenna, daughter of David Clement. Purchased a farm on 
Little Darby, near the homestead of Walter Dun, in the spring of 1828, where he resided until 
January, 1856, when he moved to Marysville, where he now resides. In politic."*, he was a 
Whig. He cast his first vote for Adams (John Quincy) in 1824, and has voted at every Presi- 
dential election and State election since. He was one of the first" Free-Soilers " in the country. 
Was elected Justice of the Peace in 1829 and held that office continuously until elected Auditor 
in 1855. Was elected Infirmary Director and held the office until forced to resign on account 
of ill health ; but as soon as his health was partially restored, was re-elected and now is Clerk 
of the Board of Directors. The following are his children: Hylas, born July 5, 1829, married 
Anna Ware, October 8, 1857; Anna W. Sabine, born February 24, 1864; Wallace C. Sabine, 
born June 13, 1868 ; Andrew Sabine, born January 11, 1881, married Louisa Leonard, October, 
1860, son born April 23, 1863, wife died May 19, 1863, child died July 12, 1863, married 
Nannie Christabelle Brown, October 28, 1878, one child — Christabelle Sabine, born May 14, 
1881 ; Hannah Sabine, born February 21, 1837, married Christopher Houston, March 26, 1861, 
four children — Alexander, born January 3, 1862, Archie born May 12, 1864, Freddy, born 
March 23, 1867, Anna Christine, born April, 1871 ; Marcha, born March 16, 1839, died May 
28, 1865, one son — Clement Mitchell, living. Andrew (S) Sabine [John T. (7), Nehemiah (6), 
Nehemiah (5), Nehemiah (4), Nehemiah (3), Benjamin (2), William (1)], was born January 11, 
1831, and educated in the district school, Marysville Academy, and Ohio Wesleyan University, 
Delaware, Ohio. He attended medical lectures at the Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, 
Penn., in 1854-55-56, graduating in 1856. Practiced medicine in Rosedale, Madison Co., 
Ohio, for one year, when he received an appointment as physician to the Central Lunatic 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 137 

Asylum, Columbus, Ohio, where he remained for three years; resigning this position, he located, 
in the fall of 1860, at Atchison, Territory of Kansas, where he soon obtained a good business in 
his profession. In May, 1861, being informed by Senator Jim Lane that Kansas would not be 
called on for troops, he immediately returned to Ohio and presented himself to the First Exam- 
ining Board; not having ten years' experience as a physician, he could not be commissioned as 
Surgeon, but received the second commission, issued to Assist Surgeons, and was assigned to 
the Twenty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, which was recruiting in Camp Chase ; he assisted in 
the examinations of the recruits for this regiment. His commission was not issued until the 2d 
of July, although he was with the regiment and on duty for about one month previous. Went 
to the Kanawha Valley, Va., in July, 1861, and was constantly with the command, much of the 
time the only medical officer. The duties were very arduous — nearly all of the soldiers were 
taken from comfortable homes and the exposure incident to camp life caused a vast amount of 
sickness; at one time in camp on " Big Sewell Mountain," we had nearly three hundred cases of 
measels. He went into winter quarters in Fayetteville, Va., but as soon as he got comfortably 
situated the Twenty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry was ordered to Louisville, Ky., January, 
1862, to report to Gen. Don Carlos Buell; was assigned to Hascall's bi'igade, Thomas I. Wood's 
division. As soon as the troops were organized into brigades and divisions, they were moved 
out on the road to Bowling Green, where the rebels were in force strongly fortified. We moved 
out in about six inches of snow, which soon became mud. This was a campaign which caused a 
large amount of sickness and was very severe on the surgeon, as the only sleep he could get 
would be on his horse on the march. While in Nashville, his regiment was complimented in 
general orders for "drill, cleanliness and health." He was with Buell at Pittsburg Landing ; 
here he had a large amount of surgical experience ; was appointed Medical Purveyor, and issued 
many tons of medicines during the siege of Corinth, and settled his accounts without the loss of 
a single package of medicine; was with his command, which was the first to enter Corinth. 
During the summer of 1862, he campaigned in Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee and Kentucky ; 
was at McMinnville, Tenn., when Buell's army commenced its race with Bragg, for Louisville, 
Ky.; at the Perry ville fight, followed Bragg nearly to Cumberland Gap, and returned to Nashville 
by the way of Columbia, Adams Co., Ky. At the battle of Stone River, was in charge of the 
hospital for Crittenden's corps. During the engagement, was twice taken prisoner; once taken 
to the Cedar brush by Dick McCan's Partisan Rangers to be hung, but was released by the op- 
portune passing by of rebel Gen. Joseph Wheeler, who ordered him back to his hospital ; the 
second time taken escaped while the rebels were retreating. After the battle of Stone River, 
was ordered to report to Gen. Straight, who was going out on a reconnoissance to find where the 
rebel army had gone; was without provisions most of the time and the tremendous rains made 
every stream a river. Turning suddenly cold on the day of his return, his clothing was frozen 
so solid that he had to be helped from his horse and carried to a fire and thawn out. AVas 
promoted to Surgeon for meritorious services and commissioned February 16, 1863, assigned to 
the Seventy-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and joined this regiment immediately at 
Young's Point, La. Soon after his arrival was appointed on an Examining Board of Surgeons, 
to examine candidates for Surgeons and Assistant Surgeons, who had been elected by vote of 
regiments, without regard to qualifications. Participated in all of the campaigns of Steele's 
division around Vicksburg, and during the battles that preceded the investment, and during the 
siege was one of three Surgeons who constituted the " Operating Board." After the surrender, 
he was Division Surgeon for his division on the campaign against Gen. Jo Johnston's army, 
which resulted in the capture of Canton, Miss., and the destruction of machine shops and many 
miles of railroad, and the second capture of Jackson, Miss. On the re-organization of the Army 
of the Tennessee, the Seventy-sixth Ohio Infantry was assigned to the First Brigade, First 
Division of the Fifteenth Army Corps. In the movement across from Memphis, Tenn., to the 
relief of Chattano iga, the First Division marched from Corinth, south of the Tennessee River, 
to cover the main body of troops, who were going by rail. Soon after leaving Corinth, the 
division encountered about 10,000 rebel cavalry, and fought with them every day until the 
balance of the army had reached the vicinity of Chattanooga. This was a very hard campaign 
for the Surgeon, as they never left a wounded soldier to the mercy of the enemy. All of the 
wounded were taken with the command and well cared for until they reached Stephenson, where 
the wounded were sent to the hospital, and the command reached Chattanooga and was bor- 
rowed by Hooker and participated in the "battle above the clouds." Next day was in the 
battle of Mission Ridge, and after this was, November 27, in the bloody Ringgold fight, Taylor's 
Ridge. These engagements following in such rapid succession, gave the Surgeons an immense 
amount of work. In the winter of 1863-64, on the organization of the army for the Atlanta 
campaign, he was re-appointed one of the three Surgeons who constituted the " Operating 
Board" for the First Division, Fifteenth Army Corps, and continued to serve in this capacity 
until the close of the war. Was constantly with his command during the Atlanta campaign in 
the "march to the sea," and the winter and spi"ing campaign through the Carolinas. Served 
four years and one month in the field, and during the whole time he was never absent from his 
command when it was on the march or in any skirmish or battle, and was always out with a 
detachment of the command when it went on any expedition, and frequently was out with other 



138 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

commauds. He never hesitated in obeying the orders of his superior officer. Never excused 
from duty on account of sickness. Repeatedly performed all operations that are incident to 
battles— amputations of toes, foot, leg and thigh, many successful amputations through upper 
third, and neck of femur, excisions of shoulder joints, elbow and knee joint, and very many of 
shaft of bones, of ribs, and all manner of wounds of head and every portion of the human system. 
He was mustered out with his command at the close of the war. In 1866, he purchased a quarry 
of hydraulectum and built a mill on Silver Creek, in Clark County, Ind., six miles from Jeffer- 
sonville. He was successful in business, and invested some of his earnings in a Savings Bank ; 
the cashier stole the money and much of the deposits, and he, with three other directors, have 
paid the depositors out of their private funds. This loss, with a large amount of security debts, 
has materially diminished his finances. He returned to Ohio in 1878, and is now engaged in 
the practice of medicine and surgery in Marysville, Ohio. 

FRED. J. SAGER, County Surveyor, Marysville, is the youngest sofa of Frederick and 
Michell (Jolly) Sager, natives of Union County. The former was a larmer and miller by occupa- 
tion. He built the mill at Unionville and operated it until his death. He died November 6, 
1858, aged forty-eight years two months and twenty-eight days. He was the sixth child of a 
family of thirteen children. He and his brother John owned the land and laid out the town of 
Unionville. Michell Jolly was a daughter of John Jolly, an early settler of this county. He 
w.iS a man of literary habits, and possessed a very good education for his time. In 179-3, he 
wrote a treatise on mathematics, which is still in existence in manuscript form. It is an ex- 
haustive work, showing considerable ability, and embraces the science of mathamatics in all 
its branches, including geometry, trigonometry and surveying. He taught school, surveyed, 
kept accounts for farmers and served as the educated man of the settlements for miles around. 
Christian Sager, the grandfather of our subject, was one of a family of six children, and a native 
of Loudoun County, Va. He married Elizabeth Shoverat Frederickstown, Va., and in the begin- 
ning of the present centurj--, came to Ohio with his parents, George and Elizabeth (Sheets) Sager. 
The latter were the parents of nine children. The subject of this sketch was born at Union- 
ville, this county, September 26, 1851. When four years old his mother died, and two years 
later he was made an orphan by the death of his father. He was raised by three uncles until 
fifteen years of age, when he went to Delaware and worked his way through the union school 
and partly through college. He sawed wood, made garden and did odd jobs around town to 
obtain the means necessary to enable him to complete his education. After leaving school, he 
taught for two or three years in Delaware and Union Coui.tie^, and then began surveying. In 
the fall of 1875, he was elected Surveyor of Union County, taking his seat in the following 
spring, and is still the incumbent of that office, having been re-elected at the fall elections of 
1878 and 1881. He has made an efficient and worthy servant of the public, and has accom- 
plished work that shall stand as a monument of his ability long after his official term shall have 
expired. He has engineered over 200 miles of gravel road, and over 100 county and township 
ditches. In connection with the surveyors of the adjoining counties he has locaied, established 
and permanently marked the boundary lines of the county. He was one of the charter members 
of the Ohio Society of Surveyors and Civil Engineers, a scientific organization, embracing most 
of the prominent engineers of the slate, and having for its design the mutual benefit of its members 
in the discussion of scientific questions and other matters relating to the profession. Mr. Sager 
has been an active member of the society, and was elected President of the organization for 1882, and 
re-elected to the same tffice for the year 1883. He has made a study of and extensive researches 
in the land tenure of the State, and has made an especial study of the Greenville treaty line, of 
which he has thorough and complete information. On October 16, 1876, hemairied Miss Frances 
L Partridge, daughter of Reuben L. and Maria (Wolford) Partridge, two of ihe oldest residents 
of Marysville, the latter being the oldest native born citizen living in the town. To this union 
one child has been born, viz.: Frederick P. Mr. Sager is a member of the 1. 0. 0. F. Lodge 
of Marysville. During the rebellion his b'-other, Francis M., enlisted in Company D, Fortieth 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and, after a year's service through the campaigns in Kentucky, he 
contracted consumption, and returning home, died in a few days. The only other survivor of 
^Ir. Sagers parents is the present wife of J. P. Martin, of Darby Township. She is a graduate 
of the Ohio Wesleyan Female Seminary, of Delaware, of Ihe class of '68. Mr. Sager also has a 
half-sister living, who is a daughter of his father by his second marriage to Martha Marmon, of 
Logan County. 

0. M. SCOTT, hardware merchant, Marysville. The senior member of the firm of 0. M. 
Scott & Bro., whose name appears at the head of this sketch, came to this city in the spring of 
1866, and established business- under the firm name of Henderson & Scott. In 1869, Hender- 
son withdrew his interest, and Mr. Scott succeeding, carried on the bu'^iness with sin interval 
of two years until 1882, when his brother was admitted to the concern. Mr. Scott occupied his 
present location in February, 1880, but continued in the sale of agricultural implements and 
manufacture of tinware at the old stand. The firm carry a stock of $15,000 to $20,000, and 
occupy the upper floors in manufacturing, and employ from twelve to fifteen men. We may 
judge something of the magnitude of their business when we record their sales of nearly 
$75,000 for the year 1881. The subject of this sketch was born in Licking County, Ohio, 




(l>A^i^^^-^ ^ 




PARIS TOWNSHIP. 141 

in 1837, and is the second son of James and Mary (Joselyn) Scott, the former a native of 
Washington County, Peun., and the latter of Maine. The parents, with Hugh, the father of 
James, settled in Licking County, Ohio, and were among its early pioneers. James, with bis 
family, removed to Delaware County, Ohio, in 1857, where he resided until the death of Lis wife 
in 1879, when he came to Marysville and is at this time, July, 1882, living with his son Judson 
J., in the seventy-sixih year of his age. 0. M. Scott gave his services to his country in the 
three years' call for volunteers, and enlisted September 14, 1862, in Company H, One Hundred 
and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was assigned to the Commissary Department 
most of the time, but paricipated in many of the hard-fought battles in which the regiment was 
engaged. He was wounded at the ba'tle of Bentonville, N. C, March 18, ISe.'', while acting on 
the Staif of Gen. John G. Mitchell. He was dischar./ed at Washington, D. C, as First Lieuten- 
ant, in May, 1865. He was married, in 1870, to Miss Hattie B., daughter of John Guthrie, 
and a native of Licking County, Ohio. Four cnildren w<re born to this union, two of whom are 
iving, viz. : Dwight G. and Mary. Mr. Scott is a member of the I. 0. 0. F., G. A. R., and 
onnected with the Congregational Church. 

G. L. SELLERS, grocer, Marysville. This enterpi-ising citizen was born in Carroll County, 
Md., November 27, 1832. His parents, John and Catherine (Weaver) Sellers, were both natives of 
that State, and became residents of the West in 18S6, returning to Maryland three years afterward, 
where he died in 1879. His wife, who survives, is in the eightieth year of her age. They were 
the parents of nine children, six of whom are living. The subject of this sketch came to Marys- 
ville in 1853, and for four years conducted or superintended the tannery of his uncle, John 
Weaver. In 1857 or 1858, he was admitted a partner to the concern, where he was engaged until 
the spring of 1862, when he tendered his service to the Union army, and, with Capt. Kobb, of 
this city, raised Company E, Eighty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and entered the field in rank 
of First Lieutenant, serving during the ciill. On his return in 1863, the firm of Sellers & More- 
lock was instituted, and the firm erected a tannery east of the Tribune building. This firm dis- 
solved in 1869, Mr. Sellers retiring from the concern, and in the following year he associated 
himself with W. M. Cartmell in the grocery business. This firm dissolved in January, 1872, and 
Mr. Sellers has conducted the business alone until 1880, when his son, .John L., was admitted 
as a partner to the house. The concern carry a complete and choice stock of groceries, and have 
a substantial trade. Mr. Sellers has been connected with the I. 0. 0. F. society for twenty-five 
years, and filled all the chairs of that order. His marriage to Miss Eliza, daughter of Thomas 
and Eliza Snodgrass, was celebrated in 1857. Three children were the fruits of this union, two 
of whom are living, viz. : John L. and Effie E. The family are connected with the Presbyterian 
Church. 

JOHN H. SHEARER was born in Perry County, Ohio, December 10, 1816. His father, 
Daniel Shearer, was born in Franklin County, Penn., in the year 1781. He emigrated to Ohio, 
in the fall of 1805, and settled in what afterward became Perry County. He was then in his 
twenty-fourth year, and was one of a family of twelve children, ten sons and two daughters, 
most of whom subsequently scattered through several States, and the second and third genera- 
tions, those who are living. Lave mostly become isolated and lost to each other. His mother, 
Martha ^liller by maiden name, was a native of Lancaster County, Penn., but subsequently, with 
her father's family, moved to Dauphin County, same State, and from thence in the spring of 1806, 
to Fairfield County, Ohio. In the spring of 1807, the father purchased land, and located in east- 
ern Fairfield County, wnich afterward was made a part of Perry County, in the vicinity of the 
present village of Somerset. Both parents, it will be seen, were entitled to the honor of being 
among the early pioneers of that section, and did their full share in clearing out the intermin- 
able foiests and changing the wilderness into a land of productiveness. The father's name re- 
ceives mention in Howe's History of Ohio, as having been among the first settlers. He died in 
1820, at the age of thirty-nine years, having contracted disease while in the army in 1813, from 
which he never recovered. This left the mother with four living children, and a partially un- 
developed farm, to struggle with many hardships and privations incident to a new country. By 
prudent management the now " old home farm," upon which the subject of this notice first 
drew the breath of life, and which he loves antiually to visit on account of the early associations 
connected with it, was cleared up, and in due course of time the fruitful fields yielded a sub- 
stantial return upon which to depend for support. 

The original family consisted of three daughters and three sons, six in all. Three of these, 
two daughters and one son, died in infancy. The other three, one daughter and two sons, are 
still living, having came down contemporaneously for sixty years without a break by death. 
The subject of this notice is the fourth child and second son. The mother, ^Irs. Martha Kishler 
(having received this name by second marriage), died in Maryville, March 9, 1875, aged eighty- 
five years. His first school term of three months was in the summer of 1824. This was taught 
by a pious Catholic lady \y the name of Catharine McClusky. He and his sister, Mrs. Margaret 
Brunner, now also a resident of i\Iarysville, aged respectively eight and eleven years, had to 
walk every day they attended school a distance of two and a half miles to reach the rude school 
cabin, and in the evening walk back, making a distance of five miles per day, or thirty miles per 
week, to lay a small groundwork for their education. There were not many Saturday holidays 



142 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

for the teachers in those days. These daily journeys were made for two or three summers. 
They then moved into another district, and a new schoolhouse was soon after erected within half 
a mile of their home. Here there was usually a winter term of three months, about two-thirds 
of which time they were permitted to attend. At this place they completed their education, 
havino; attended some five or six broken winter sessions in all. The branches taught were spell- 
inof, reading, writing and arithmetic. Geography and grammer belonged to the higher branches, 
and were not taught in our schools of that day. Those branches were considered unnecessary 
as long as people had to put so much of their time in clearing up the forests and prepare for 
more comfortable homes. 

In those years, before machinery was called in to do the work, almost everything was doue 
by hand; and it was a boy's highest ambition to learn some trade upon which he might depend 
in the future for a living, if necessary. By somestrange intuition, which has always been inex- 
plicable to him, considering his limited education, the subject of this notice, in the spring of 
1836, drifted into the printing office of the Wes'er7i Pout. This was the name of the only 
newspaper published in Somerset, the -village near which he was raised. He started in for an 
apprenticeship of three years. He served the first year with Louis J. Moeller, who during the 
next year sold the office to S. H. McAfee and J. W. Ream, with whom he served the remaining 
two years, filling his contract faithfully in all respects; and although his situation during the 
first year was in many respects disagreeable, no one ever heard him utter a complaint. After 
serving his time, he attended a three months' term of school in thesuramer of 1839, which closed 
up his schooling and gave him a basis for future business operations, in August, 1839, he pur- 
chased a half-interest in the Western Post establishment, and in connection with several suc- 
cessive partners, continued the publication of the paper till 1844, when he became the sole pro- 
prietor. In 1855, the county seat was moved by a vote of the people from Somerset to New 
Lexington. The printing business, never very good there, was afterward in a manner obsolete. 
Soon after becoming involved as surety for his supposed friends he was forced out of busiiiess, 
and learned for the first time by sad experience how utterly impossible it is for a man to assume 
other people's responsibilities without sooner or later meeting with trouble. Th's calamity ex- 
hausted his effects, threw him upon the cold charities of the world — and they are cold — with 
many hundred dollars of debts unpaid. Hungry creditors, to whom he never personally owed 
a dollar, with the sympathy of the tiger, helped themselves to full satiety as far as they could 
go. He has lived, however, to see some of those men in the same dilemma, and they have 
learned by experience, what they could not seemingly learn from the ties of sym- 
pathy. It is unfonunate that so many do not learn in time that it is not a good 
plan to run the risk of assuming other people's debts. Through a chain of gracious yirovi- 
dences, as plainly marked as ever occurred to the most favored, he landed, weary and foot- 
sore, in Marysville, in the latter part of August, 1858, to look out a new home. There were few 
railroads then, and his finances having become exhausted in trying to meet the clamorovis de- 
mands of his creditors, he was eompelled on the ground of economy to do considerable of walk- 
ing. One day, near the close of the month above named, he started from Somerset to make his 
way to Marysville, where an opening had been advertised in the O/iio State Jaurnaf. He walked 
from Somerset to Newark, a distance of twenty miles, and thence rode by rail to Milford Center. 
Lapding there, he learned that the train north had gone out about five minutes before, and he 
was compelled to add five miles more to the day's journey to reach his destination. He arrived 
in Marysville about sundown, with blistered leet, weary in body and distressed in mind. The 
situation was desperate, and he felt as though heaven had spread her darkest curtain of despair 
over him, and earth had closed all its avenues of hope. 

The piinting office — the Marysville Tribune — was owned jointly by C. S. Hamilton and 
Samuel McBratney, the former a two-third and the latter a one-third interest. Hamilton was 
from home at the time, but learning from McBratney that the office was for sale, he b<-gan mak- 
ing inquiries as to the conditions of sale. The price asked was $1,500. much more than it was 
worth in its dilapidated condition: but being prompted forward by some strange inspiration, he 
agreed to purchase it provided the payments could be made so he could be meet them when due. 
Without a dollar and apparently with a dark future before him, he entered into a contract to 
make certain payments to McBratney for his share of the office, making no special arrangements 
about Hamilton's interest. Thoy drew up a paper, stating terms of payment. The purchaser 
was to have possession of the office on the 1st of October following, which would be at the close 
of the ninth volume, and make his first payment of $300 on the first day of the following April. 
The one prominent idea wiih the purchaser was to get into business again; but for months 
afterward he felt alarmed at his own temerity in venturing upon an experiment which involved 
so much money, and had apparently so little of promise in the way of pecuniary return. The 
article was drawn up in a hurried manner, and both ptrties signed it. The north bound train 
being about due, the purchaser hastened to the depot so depressed in mind and ^pirit at the 
blind venture he had made, that he forgot to pay his hotel bill. This did not come to mind till 
nearing Delaware. Notwithstanding his despondency, new providences seemed to thicken around 
his pithway at every step. On getting off the cais to mtke the change for Columbus, he felt 
sadly distressed over this circumstance; a stranger making a purchase of so much importance. 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 143 

and then leaving the town without paying his hotel bill, would not sound well, and leave a dark 
feature unexplained. He inquired of the bystanders if they knew any one there from Marys- 
ville. " Yes," said one of them, " I live ihere." I called him to one side and explained to him 
the circumstance of my being at Marysville and forgetting to pay ihe landlord. He readily com- 
plied with the request to cwrry the money back and explain to the landlord how it happened. 
The image of this man will never fade from memory. He had what might be termed a, rough 
exterior, but manifested such frankness of character and benignity of countenance that one 
might instinctively feel at home in his company. In the conversation, he asked " what was your 
business in IMarysville?" The answer was, "purchasing the 7Vii7/?ie office, and that the pur- 
chaser would be on in a month more to take charge of the office." The reader will never be able 
to enter fully into the feelings of the broken-hearted purchaser, when that stranger to him, so 
providentially in Ihe right place, put his hand approvingly on bis shoulder, looked him in the 
face and remaiked, " 1 am rejoiced at this ; I own a two-thirds interest in the paper, and it 
needs changing hands ; I am not able to run the office in connection with my other business, 
and you are the man I am looking for." These kind words fairly unmanned the purchaser and 
lifted a mountain from his heart. For the first time in his life he found the real meaning of the 
sentiment, " A friend in need is a friend indeed." They then withdrew to one side and talked 
over the situation. He was given a full history of him who was soon to be the new proprietor 
of the Tribiin-. Nothing was withheld, even down to the smallest minutia; of his pecuniary em- 
barrassments brought on by the bad faith of others; that he wished to get away from his 
troubles, and if possible, begin life anew. The story, instead of repelling, as it would many 
others, knit the good Samari'an cKscr to the wounded stranger. He urged him not to wait a 
month before taking possession of the office, as was designed, but to come at once, and occupy 
the ground, giving at the same time assurances that he would stand by the office in every emer- 
gency, and a'^sist also for awhile in its editorial management; and if need be, pecuniarily. 
Fortunately the latter pioffer was never needed. This man, kind reader, was C. S. Hamilton. 
A better friend than he proved to be to the new purchaser of the Tribvne, and stranger as he 
was. he makes the declaration broad and pointed, no man ever found. 

This strange and coidial coming together mar^e them life friends. They were consequently 
much together in their pocial relations, and always respecled each other «s brothers. The 
promptings of a greatful heart has caused the stramer a thousand times to exclaim. '-God bksg 
C. S. Hamilton." Though dead, his memory is impressed upon the mind as fr> shly as though 
these occurrences took place but yesterday. He was a man of marked characteristics; be 
despised meanness of every kind, and his advice was always in the right direction. A i urer, 
and more warm-hearted man, and a greater sympathizer in the misfortunes of others, Union 
County never had. He was more than a fsitbcr to the stranger, in the counsel and aid he 
afforded him to get him on his feet again. Thus in the g lo 1 provi lenceof God, he was en ibled 
in the course of a few years to pay off the balance of his surety debts, and Mr. Hamibon in full 
fur his part of the office. The good henefact' r wnuM often Fay, seeing the despondeicy of hii 
ward, for such he actually was, "Never niind the debt owing to me; fiist clear tip all your 
other iucumbrances and leave mine till I ask for it." With such encouragement, and such 
backing, the new proprietor of the Tribune had a heart to worlv, ■which he did day und night, 
till final relief came by the hardest industry and closest economy. His history since he has re- 
sidpd in Marysville, is as well known to the cit'zens cf thi* county as it is to himself. He took 
charg:e of the Tribune Ociober 1, 1858, and for over twenty-four years has published it contin- 
uously without missing a number. There are many link-* in the chain of his experience with 
men, that mipht be of benefit to young men who are ^triving to lay a basis for future business 
operations ; but the publishers of this history will cii elude that quite enough of space has been 
consumed alrearJy by these business experiences. It may be well enough, howevir, to drop 
this advice to those young men who contemplate g<'ing into business for themselves: Have a 
definite object in view, and pursue it wiih energy; ami tyeware above all things of assuming re- 
sponsibilities for others in whose business relations ynu have n > interest whatever. Bee ming 
surety fur others never made any man rich but h^ s brought countkss thousands to ruin and 
poveity. Be obliging where you can be, wiihout iijury to yourselves; have a due regard fort 
the rights of others, and bear in mind that you musi have rej^pect for others, if you wish others 
to have respect for you. 

" Honor and shame from no condition rise. 
Act well your part, there all the honor lits." 

The subject of this biography published a ptiper in Somerset for nineteen ye^rs, which 
added to the twenty-four years of journulism in Marysville, gives a period of forty -three years 
in the profession as ediior and publisher. He has been twice martied; first to Mat Ida Rf.ara, 
September 8, 1842, with whom he lived twen'y-iwo and a half years; she died in Maysville, 
March 'Jo, 1865. Two children are living by this union — Mrs. Dr. Ziegler, of < olumhus, and 
W. 0. Shearer, of the Tribune office. The second marriage was with Mrs. J. A .loliiison, net 
Carson, wiih whom he lived thirteen years, lacking eight days. She died October 22, 1881. 
By this union there is one son — John H. She;trer, Jr. Thi-j Ihst marriage was consumiiiiited 
Octyt;er 22, 1868. And now in the winding up of this brief narrative, it msiy be well enough 



144 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

to make an opsn ackaowledgement that life at be3t is a struggrle to those who start out without 
assistance or even friendly advice. It matters little, however, in the end, what tlie struggle 
may have been, so it has bean male honestly. The question after all, that concerns us most is 
the one that has been askei ten? of thousands of times along the earthly journey, " If a man 
die shall he live again ? " 

HENRYSIIERLDAN, proprietor of the Continental llote', Marygville, was born in New York 
City May 23, 1849. His parents, Richard B. and Anna (Hughes) Sheridan, were also naiives 
of New York C'ty. Mr. Sheridan was a carpenter and joiner by occupation, which ti-ade he 
learned wheu seventeen years of age. lie followed it successfully for tiftcen years. In 1855, 
he superintended the erecion of the City Assembly rooms, between Nos. 442 and 450 Broad- 
way, New York. After their completion, he was made manager, and had charge of ihem until 
1865. He was a member of the School Board of the Fourteenth Ward, for six years, and died 
May 13, 1870, aged fifty year.^. His wife preceded him April 1, 1863. Henry, the subject of 
this sketch, was reared in the city, and educated in its public schools. He was associated with 
his father in the hotel business — managing the City Assembly Rooms till 1865, when tliey were 
destroyed by fire. He was then engiged in building till his father's death, when he and his 
brother, Fr*nk Sheridan, took charge of the Central Hotel, corner of One Hundred and Thir. ieth 
street and Third avenue, New York City. Mr. Sheridan remained in business at the Central 
till 1874, when lie came to St. Paris, Champaign Co., Ohio. He conducted the American House 
till .June, 1877, when lie leased the Continental Hotel. Mr. Sheridan took charge of the •' Con- 
tinental " when it had a very small business, and by his judicious management he built up and 
established a large transient trade. The close attention which he bestows upon his guests, com- 
bined with his genial and a-^commodating manner, renders him a most admii*able landlord. In 
December, 1882, much to the regret of the people of Marysville, Mr. Sheridan removed to Cir- 
cleville. Ohio, and opened the New American House, the large-t and most complete hotel in that 
city. Mr. Sheridan was married, January 4, 1872, to Aliss Guss-ie Vanness, a daughter of 
George and Anna C. Vanness. Mrs. Sheridan was born in Hughesville, Warren Co., N. J., July 
19, 1853. Mr. and Mrs. Sheridan were blessed with four children ; of these two are living — 
Charles Albert and Henry Chester. Harry LeGrand and Earl LaRue are deceased. 

ISRAEL SLACK, was born in Chester County, Penn., September 11,1824. When a boy, 
his parents, Thomas and Mary (Roney) Slack, died. He was taken by his uncle, Charles Honey, 
with whom he remained till of age. In 1836, he came with his uncle and family to Washington 
Township, Franklin Co., Ohio. Mr. Slack is the youngest son. He was brought up on a farm, 
and received his training in the common schools. On April 6, 1848, he was married to Miss Emily 
J. Urton, daughter of John and Keziah (Bishop) Urton, of Loudoun County, Va. They removed 
to Franklin County, Ohio, in 1827, where they both died, the former January 24, 1855, and the 
latter October 4, 1852. They were the parents of eleven childi*en, of whom Mi'S. Slack is the 
third daughter. She was born in Loudoun County, Va., April 7, 1826. Mr. Slack resided near 
Dublin till the f.dl of 1849, when he removed to Jerome Township and purchased 117} acres of 
land, in 1852, in Mill Creek Township. The following year he located on it and remained a res- 
ident there until 1880, when he sold and removed to Marysville. He owns a farm of 146 acres 
in Paris Township, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising, making a leading feature 
of keeping fine horses. Mr. Slack served as a member of the Agricultural Board of the 
Fair, six years, and two tei'ms as Trustee of Mill Creek Township. In the spring cf 1882, he 
was elected to the City Council. Mr. and Mrs. Slack have reared and educated William H. 
Morrow, and now have a niece. Miss Fanny Slack. Mr. and Mrs. Slack are members of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Slack is identified widi the society of I. 0. 0. F. 

JOHN S. SMART, one of the old pioneers of Mill Creek Township, was born in Frankliti Coun- 
ty, Ohio, March 2l), 1811. He is a son of Isaac and Susan (Swope) Smart, and a grandson of 
William Smart, who was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. Isaac Smart and family emigrated 
to Ohio prior to the war of 1812, and settled near Columbus. He was called out against Great 
Britian, but peace was declared and the war closed without him serving. He died in Hamilton 
Township, Franklin County, in^l828, leaving six children by his first wife and six by his second 
wife. Our subject is the youngest of the children by the first wife. He was reared on a farm 
and educated in the common schools of the day, which were by no means noted for their ex- 
cellence. His fiither died when he was but seventeen years of age, and he was left to do for him- 
self. He spent sevei-al years among the farmers working at 25 cents and 81k cents per day, and 
$7.50 per month. He sometimes worked for three bushels of oats per day, which he t-old for 10 
cents per bushel, to be taken out in goods. In 1829, he came to Union County, and worked by 
the month till 1833, when he purchased fifty-three acres of land in Mill Creek Township. Mr. 
Smart began life a poor boy, but by indomitable energy and perseverance he acquired a hand- 
some competence. His farm contains 211 acres of land, most of whicli he cleared and improved 
himself. He was marrieil, .May 20, 1833, to Miss ^lary Robinson, daughter of Asa and Cathe- 
rine (Myers) Robinson, early pioneers of Union County. .VIrs. Smart was born in Franklin 
County May 16, 1816. Of eleven children born to this union nine are living, viz. : Cath- 
erine J., wife of Isaac Breckenridge ; Joseph T., Olive P., Isaac; Samanlha, wife of Charles 
Richey ; As*, Susan, wife of James McCurgan; William, and Ettie, wife of Silas McKittrick. 



TARIS TOWNSHIP. 145 

John H. and Margaret A. are deceased. In October, 1881, Mr. Smart removed to MarjsviUe, 
and retired from active pursuits. He and his wife are connected with the Presbyter.an Church. 
He served as a member of the Board of Trustees of Mill Creek Township two years, besides 
other local offices of minor importance. Politically, he is Democratic. 

ELON E. SMITH, firm Smith & Converse, livery si able, Marysville. Elon E. Smith 
springs from an eld and respected pioneer family of Union. His father (Edward D.) was born 
at East Monlpelier, Vt., July 26, 1818. Crocker Smith (father of Edmund) was also a 
native of Vermont, who, with his family, selected a location in Darby Township in 1832, where 
he cleared a farm aiul-passed the remainder of his life. Edmund was raised on the homestead, 
and has a well-improved farm of 73 acres near the old locition. He served the county as Com- 
missioner one term, and has been Justice of the Peace upward of thirty years. During the late 
rebellion, he raised a company of horse, but on account of poor health did not enter the field. 
At this time he is suffering from severe injuries received by a kick from a colt, and is confined 
most of the time in doors. He is connected with the Church Universal of Plain City, and is 
widely and fsxvorably known He was married January 27, 1842, to Miss Elizabeth Dee, who 
died November 27, 1846. Two children were born to this union, both deceased.' His second 
marriage to Lavinia Bailey, a native of Essex County, N. Y., and a daughter of William and 
Laura McCauley, occurred October 7, 1847. Of the children born to this union four are living, 
of whom our subject ie the eldest and only son, and was born in Darby Township in 1848. He 
has always followed farming as an occupation until his removal to this city in 1882, and under 
the copartnership succeeded Snodgrass in their present livery business. The firm, although 
young in the business, are building up a large and reliable trade. They have good stock, and 
above all are reliable lausiness men. Mr. Smith was iLarried in December, 1869, to Miss Orinda 
J., a daughter of Caleb Converse, and a native of Darby Township. One boy (Harry E.) is the 
fruit of this union. 

J. D. SNYDER, bakery, restaurant and ice cream parlors, Marysville. Mr. Snyder is 
of German extraction and is possessed of the push and enterprise so prominent in that stock. 
His birth occurred at Lancaster County, Penn., in 1852, at which place his parents, Burnett and 
Elizabeth (Sentnor) Snyder, settled in the year of their emigration frcm Germany, 1832. She 
died when our subject was three years of age, and his father subsequently moved to Columbus, 
Ohio, and was engaged some years at bis trade, a mason. He spent the latter years of his life 
at Dayton, Ohio, where he died in 1871. The subject of this sketch was married May 4, 1879, 
to Miss Mary E., daughter of Richard and Catharine Ousler, a native of Manchester, Md. One 
child (Alice) bom to this issue is living. Mr. Snyder is a member of the K. P. and I. 0. 0. F. 
societies, and the fumily are all membeis of the Presbj'terian Church of this city. 

J. M.- SOUTHARD, physician, Marysville. Among the prominent and successful 
practitioners in the medical profession of Union County, appears the name of Dr. J. M. Southard. 
• His birth occurred in Adams County, Ohio, December 16, 1825. He was raised on a farm in 
Licking County, Ohio, and received his primary education in the common schools of that county. 
He read medicine in the office of Dr. Waters and Dr. Rowe, of Newark, Ohio, when he entered 
the Starling Medical College at Columbus, from which he graduated in 1854. After attending 
two courses of lectures in the same school, ho moved to this city and began the practice of his 
profession. He has established an extensive business and is among the hard workers of the 
fraternity. His parents, Isaiah and Elizabeth (Parnell) Southard, were natives of Pennsylvania 
and Maryland respectively, whose families v»ere amorg the earliest pioneers of Licking County. 
Both are residents of that county at this time, living in the enjoyment of a ripe old age. 

WILLIAM STALEY, farmer, P. 0. Maiysville, v\ as born in Greene County, Ohio, October 17, 
1833, and the following November his parents, San.uel and Catharine (Hall) Staley, removed to 
this 'county and located on the Farm now occupied by George Wilbur. His parents were born in 
the year 1800, his fathei" in January, and his mother in June. Mr. Staley was by occupation 
a miller, and in 1825 he built a n.ill on the Miami Rivtr. He died December 29, 1880. Our 
subject was reared by his parents till twelve years of age when he apprenticed himself to learn 
the blacksmith trade with John Cowder, of Marysville. He worked at his trade till his marriage, 
November 21, 1855, with Miss Eoxie J. Anirine, a daughter of John and Nancy Amrine. He 
then purchased a farm near the j^mrineMill, which he cultivated eight yeais, then removed to 
Marysville and was engaged in the grocery trade with G. W. Donly seven months. In 1864, he 
bought his present farm, which contains eighty acres. He has since followed the pursuits of his 
farm and rearing Spanish Merino sheep. Be has seven children, viz.: Julia B., Simon L., 
Walter M., Hattie, George W., Nettie and Jennie. One child (Josephine) is deceased. Mr. ancl 
Mrs. Staley are associated as members of the Amrine Molhodist Episcopal Church. In politics, 
he is an advocate of the doctrines and principles of the Republican party. 

S. STERN & SON, clothiers, Marysville. This establishment was opened to the public in 
August, 1878. The house carries a stock of frcm $il0,0C0 to $;20,CC0, and has a very satisfactory 
trade. The senior member of the firm v as a native of Germany and embarked to the United 
States in 1847. He located in New York City, and for a short time engaged in the dry goods 
trade, when he went to Victoria, British Columbia, and opened a large slock of goods, of which 



146 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

he was robbed by the Indiana, who carried off the entire stock. He returned East and located 
again in business at Syracuse, N. Y., where he remained twelve years. He then moved his stock 
to Delaware, Ohio, where for fifteen years he carried on a large clothing business. Subsequently 
he took up his residence at Philadelpliia, Penn., and engaged in business until his health com- 
pelled him to relinquish all active pursuits. Here he remained until his death, in 1881. He 
was married in New York City in 18-38, to Miss Regina Loewi, a native of Germany. The chil- 
dren born to this union all are living, as follows: Ralph S., eldest son, is in charge of the 
store at Delaware, Oliio; Hannah, wife of Lee Reinheimer, of Fairmoant, W. Va.; Daniel S., in 
charge of the store at Marysville, Ohio. Ralph married Minnie Friedlicli, of Piqua, Ohio. 
Lena, residing at home witli her mother at Philadelphia ; M. E., also in the Marysville store; 
Fannie and Satie, both at liorae. 

M. THOMPSON, physician, Marysville, has been nearly a life-long resident of Union 
County, and his fa^nily were among its early pilgrims. His parents, .John W. and Sarah (Mc- 
Ciure) Thompson, were natives of Washington and* Beaver Counties, Penn., respectively. They 
selected a home and moved to Paris Township, Union County, in 1845, where they both lived 
and died. He attained considerable prominence, and served the coun'y as Recorder six years. 
The subject of this sketch is the eldest of five c'lildren, an 1 was born in Beaver County, Penn., 
August 1, 1828. He received his primary education in the Marysville Academy, and in 1852 
began the study of medicine. He passed a thoi'ough course of studies at the Starling Medical 
College during 1856-57, and for twelve years was a resident physician of Pharisburg. In 
186y, he became interested in the growth and advancement of Marysville, and further increased 
its enterprise by forming a partnership with W. L. Miller, and erecting the Marysville Mills. 
This tirra continued in successful operation until 1872, when the firm dissolved, and Mr. Thomp- 
son became sole proprietor. The building is 32x52 feet, three stories high, and cost about 
$12,000. It has a run of four buhrs of stone, and a daily capacity of forty barrels. Mr. Thomp- 
son has been quite successful in the milling business, which forms one of the largest manufact- 
uring interests of the city. He was married. May 17, 1857, to Miss Elizabeth C. Hull, a native 
of Cecil County, Md. The children born to this issue are John H., Charles A. and Jennie B. 
Mr. Thompson is a member of the Masonic order and the family are connected with the Pres- 
byterian Cnurch. 

ALVIN THOMPSON, retired, Marysville. John W. Thompson, the father of Alvin, 
■was a native of Washington County, Penn. His wife, who was Sarah McClure, was born 
in Beaver County, Penn., where they were married and passeil a portion of their lives. 
In 1815, he moved with his family and settled on a farm three miles north of Marysville, where 
he resideil until 1854, at which time he was elected County Recorder and took up his residence 
in this city. He was re-elected in 1857, and served in that position six years. They were de- 
voted and life-long members of the Presbyterian Church, ami journeyed together earth's pil- 
grimage until separated by death. His demise occurred in 1875; she survived until 1880. 
They were the parents of five children, three of whom are living, as follows: M. Thompson, 
whose sketch appears in this work; Milton, who married Matilda Amrine, of Peoria, Ohio, and 
Alvin, youngest son and subject of this sketch, who sv^s born in Carroll County, Ohio, in 1837. He 
was educated in the academy of this city, and served as Township Treasurer, and Clerk, and Cor- 
poration Clerk for some years. At the hreaking-out of the rebellion, in 1861, hejoined the forces of 
the Union army, in Company D, of the First Ohio Cavalry, and served in the field over three years. 
He participated in the battles of Stone River, December 31, 1862; Chattanooga, Tenn., August 
21, 1863, and the Atlanta campaign, July 29 to August 1, 1S64. He was appointed Postmaster 
of Marysville under President Johnson in 1867, which position he occupied until 1880. Subse- 
quently, he engaged in the mercantile trade a short time, when he retired from the active pur- 
suits of life. He was married in 1865, to Miss Ellen P., daughter of the Rev. James Smith, an 
eminent divine of the Presbyterian Church, and one of Union Count;^s early pioneers. He 
officiated in the pulpit of the Presbyterian Church of this city until near the close of his life, 
and was a pastor who lived in the hearts of his people, beloved and respected by all. Mr. 
Thompson is a member of the I. 0. 0. F., the G. A. R., and the father of two children, both of 
whom are living, viz.: Ella M. and Mary D. The family are connected with the Presbyterian 
Church. 

REV. HOMER THRALL, pistor of the Congregational Church, IMarysville, was born in 
Granville Township, Licking C^mnty, Ohio, October 27, 1832. He is a son of Linus G. and 
Lucy (W.alcott) Thrall, the former a native of Rutland, Vt., and the latter of Washington 
County, Ohio. His father removed to Licking County, Ohio, in 1815, where our subject was 
born and reared. lie was educated in Kenyon College, of Gambier, Onio, from which iasti- 
tution he graduated in 1853. He tcok up the reading of law and prosecuted its studies with 
Buckingham & VVhite, of Newirk, and sub^eqienily with Judge L. P. Marsh, of Zmesville; 
he was admittel to the .Muskingum County bar in 1855, and the next year he went to Ot- 
tumwa, Iowa, and taught school; returning to Ohio, he resumed the profession which he fol- 
lowed till the ra^ellion broke out. He recruited Company B, of the Seventeenth Regiment, 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for the three-months' service. He was chosen its Captain and served 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 147 

till the expiration of tbe term, when be returned home and organized Company D, of the 
Twenty-Second Regiment Olno Volunteer Infantry. He was elected Captain, and acted in this 
capacity till November, 18ti"2, when he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. He 
was engaged in the following important battles : Fort Donelson, Shiloh, siege and battle of 
Corinth, and sifge of Vicksburg, after which he, with his regiment, were transferred to Ar- 
kansas, and accompanied Gen. Steele on his expedition to Little Rock, thence to Brownsville, 
Tenn., and subsequently to Camp Dennison, Ohio, where he was discharged in November, 1864, 
with the honors of a faithful soldier and an efficient officer. At the close of his military career 
Col. Thrall relumed home, and in 1867 entered the ministry of the Congregational Church at 
Alexandria, Licking County. He served on that charge a year and a halt, then went to Litch- 
field, Medina County, where his pastoral labors continued till December, 1879, when he came to 
Marysville. Rev. Thrall has faithfully performed the duties of his sicred calling, and as both 
minister and pastor he is liighly esteemed. On October 7, 1868, he was joined in marriage to 
Miss Emma Boudinot, daughter of Elisha and Henrietta Boudinot. Of five children born to 
this marriage two are living — Linus, born December 27, 1868, and Joupha, born February 20, 
1878. Heorietta, Homer and Freddie are deceased. 

AARON W. TORRENCE, sign and decorative painter, Marysville, was born in Greece 
County, Ohio, August 14, 1834 and is a son of David and Sarah A. (Finnev) Torrence, the 
former aKentuckian by binh, and the latter wasboruon Braddack's Field, near Pittsburgh, Penn. 
His maternal grandparent, .John Finney, was a State Pioneer and an esrly settler of Knox County, 
Ohio. Subiequently he moved to Greene County, where he died. He was a soldier in the war 
of 1812, and was with the American Army of 2,000 men that were surrendered by the 
recreant officer, Gen. Hull, at Detroit, August 16, 1812. The subject of this sketch was 
lett .an orphan when a child, and was brought up in Xenia, Greene County, Ohio. He 
learned the art of sign and decorative painting, at which he became efiicient and success- 
ful. He Wis married in 1854, at Xenia, Ohio, to Miss Jane.G., daughter of Thomas 
Kennedy and a native of Virginia. Mr. Torrence came to this city in 1858, established his 
business, and in the following year located with his family. In December, 1863, he enlisied in 
the Second Brigade, Sixth Army Corps Band, and served until the close of the war. He was 
through the bar.tles of the Wilderness, with Gen. Grant, at Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor. Peters- 
burg and Mouocicy. Returning to the peaceful pursuits of life, he has since industriously 
worked at his trade. The eldest of his three children, Ida, is the wife of Ira Gordon, a clerk 
in the Surgeon General's office at Washington, D. C; Abba and Emma reside at home. Mr. 
Torrence is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and has been connected with the 
I. 0. 0. F. Society for the past twenty years. Politically, he is a thorough and stanch 
Republican. 

GEOPiGE TRAPP, farmer and brick manufacturer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Franklin 
County, Ohio, October 20, 1848. He is the eldest son of Frederick and Elizabeth B. (Borger) 
Trapp, who were natives of Bavaria, Germany. Mr. Trapp was born July 12, 1822, and emi- 
grated to the United States with his parents in 1842. His death occurred in Franklin County, 

February 20, 1882. Mrs. Trapp was born , , and now resides in Franklin 

County. George was reared to manhood on a farm, and received his education mostly in Cen- 
tral College. In 1874, he removed to Union County and purchased fifty acres, whereon he now 
resides. February 25, 1875, he married Anna C. Nicol, a native of Union County, and a daughter 
of John G. and Margaret Nicol. She was b'irn February 12, 1856. Their two children are Mag- 
gie M., born February 28, 1876, and Fred W. P., born March 14, 1879. Mr. Trapp is en- 
gaged in farming and brick-making since the spring of 1875. He and wife are members of the 
Lutheran Church. He is a Democrat. 

GEORGE H. TURNER, farmer, P. 0., Marysville, is a native of Clark County, and was born 
January 20, 1822. His father, Aquilla Turner, was born in Harford County, Md., January 20, 
1802. His parents, Thomas and .Jemima Turner, migrated to the West, and settled in I lark 
County about 1807. They removed to Madison County in 1824-25, and in 1837 to Paris Township, 
Union County, where they both died in old age. Aquilla married Frances Judy, a native of 
Greene County, Ohio, and had ten children — five sons and five daughters. Mr. Turner died 
in January, 1871, and Mrs. T. is deceased. George is the eldest child. He was brought up on' 
a farm and received his training in the common schools, and followed the pursuit of teaching 
five years. He was married October 18, 1859, to JNIercy Barker, a daughter of John and Polly 
Barker. She was born near Marysville January 7, 1832. Of seven children by this marriage 
five are living: Henderson, Olive A., a teacher ; James M., Mercy S. and Frances. Mr. Turner 
assisted his father in clearing up a farm of 191 acres of land, which was sittiated in woods when 
they first located it. In 1847, our subject bought seventy-five acres, and has occupied it since 
1860. He has added to his first purchase till he has become the owner of 220 acres of well im- 
proved land. His occupation has alwaj's been that of the independent farmer. He and wife are 
associated as members of the Christian Church. Politically, he is a Republican. 

H. C. VOSBUP>,Y, furniture dealer, Marysville. This gentleman springs from the Empire 
State, and was born in Broome County, N. Y., in 1847. In the pursuit of business he started 
Westward in 1865, finding a location in this city, where he became engaged with a produce mer- 



148 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

chant. Two years afterwarJ, he embarked in the same business at Columbus, Ind., which he pur- 
sued until 1871, when he returned to Marysville, and in 1875 opened a furniture stoi-e in the 
Hasten building. In the spring of 1878, he occupied hi.s present commodious quarters, which he 
has thoroughly stocked with a complete assortment of furniture, caskets, etc. He carries on un- 
dertaking, in which department he has invested considerable capital. He has an eye to business, 
and has succeeded in securing a large patronage. His father, Ambrose S., was a native of Broome 
County, N. Y., where he died in 186:2. His mother, Harriet E. Tyrrell, was born in the same 
county, where she resided until the fall of 1882, when she moved to Nebraska. Mr. V. was mar- 
ried in 1870 to Miss Mary J., daughter of li. L. Partridge, of this city. He is a member of the 
Masonic order and I. 0. 0. F. society. 

UWIGHT WEBB, Postmaster, Marysville. Genial, social Dwight Webb is a fine type of 
New England stock. His parents, William II. and Harriet (Clark) Webb, were both natives of 
Connecticut, and among the I'ioneers of Clark County, Ohio. In 1830, the family moved and set- 
tled near Milford Center, Union County, Ohio, where they are at this time living. The subject 
of this sketch is the oldest of five living children, and was born in Clark County, Ohio, November 
2, 1841. He was raised on a farm, and learned to labor with his hands. In August, 1861, he 
joined the ranks of the Union army, in Company B, Thirty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He 
was returned home from Vicksburg .January 25, 1864, to recruit for a commission as Second 
Lieutenant, which was received February 5, 1864, and was again promoted First Lieutenant Oc- 
tober 12, and placed in charge of Company F. July 18, 1865, he was promoted to a Captaincy, 
and was serving in that rank at the close of the war. He was a participant in twenty bat- 
tles and skirmishes. Anjong the principal battles were Harper's Ferry, Va., May 28 and Sep- 
tember 12, 1862; rear of Vicksburg and siege of that stronghold, May 18 to .July 4, 1862; Mary- 
land Heights, Va., July 4 and 7, 1864; siege of Atlanta, July 22 to September 2, 1864, and in 
the grand march with Sherman to the sea. He was tiken prisoner while on areconnoissance at 
Pocotaligo, S. C, and sent to Charleston, S. C, and, with four comrades, was placed under the 
charge of William J. G'lyner, an attorney, and at that time Provost Marshal of that city. They were 
confined in a room over his ofSce, and were well cared for by this gentleman, who undoubtedly 
entertained Union sentiments and was loyal at heart. They were afterward removed to the resi- 
dence of his mother, and when paroled, February 16, 1865, left their cozy quarters, where 
they were found by the Union soldiers. James E., a brother of Mr. Webb, was killed at Har- 
per's Ferry. Returning to peaceful pursuits, Capt. Webb engaged in the mercantile trade for 
six years at Milford Center, at the expiration of wliich time he disposed of his stock in trade, 
and, with a purchase of horses, crossed the ocean to England. After three months absence he 
returned, and visited the oil regions of Pennsylvania. Here he made unfavorable investments, 
and returned to this city in 1872. In the spring of thesame year he formed a copartnership with 
B. W. Keyes in the grocery business, with whom he was associated until his appointment as Post- 
master of Marysville, in 1880. In this capacity he has proved himself worthy of the important 
position, and as a citizen, a public officer, a tried soldier and a man, he is highly esteemed. He 
was married in 1863 to Miss Daphne, a daughter of Andrew Keyes, a pioneer of Union County, 
of which she is a native. Three Children were born to this i-!sue, two of whom are living, viz.: 
Clara A. and William A. 

CONRAD WEIDMAN, farmer. P. 0. Marysville, was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, 
April 11, 1833. His parents, Louis and Elizabeth (Gates) Weidman, emigrated to the United 
States when he was but five years of age, and settled in Paris Township, this county, where Mr. 
Weidman died in March, 1863. Mrs. Weidman's death occurred February 15, 1882. Conrad 
remained on his fiither's farm fill eighteen years of age, when he took up the saddler's trade 
and worked at it five years, then learned carpentering, which he followed till 1876, when he 
removed near Dover, and in April of 1877, he took possession of his present farm which con- 
tains 104 acres. October, 1858, he was joined in marriage to Mary Van Drow, who bore him 
eight children — Lizzie, Theodore, Lu Tell, James, Charlie, Tipie, Trusilla and Luther, deceased. 
Mrs. AVeidman is a daughter of John and Margaret Van Drow. Mr. W. and wife are members 
of the Presbyterian Church. In politics, Mr. W. is a Democrat. 

EDWARD WELLER, tile manufacturer, Marysville. The first tile manufactured in Union 
County, was produced by Edward Weller in about 1855. He learned the trade of his father, 
Thomas, who was a native of Sussex County, Eng., and emigrated to the United States in 1827. 
He selected his home in Seneca County, Ohio, where he passed the remainder of his life ; his 
wife's maiden name was Mar}' Rumnens, who died in the mother country when our sulyeot was 
eight years of age. He (Edward) was born in Sussex Cjunty, Eng , in 1808. When twenty- 
two years of age, he sailed to America, and stopping two years at Schenectady, N. Y., he 
pushed on westward to Franklin County, Ohio, and to this county in 1834, locating at Watkins. 
In 1852, he occupied his present loca'ion, which at this writing embraces ninety acres of land. 
The tile manufactory is located convenient to his residence, where he is almost constantly 
employed; he has built up an immense business, and turns out on an average 100,000 tile per 
year. Personally, Mr. W. may be regarded as a self made man. He was almost destitute of 
means, but was possessed of strong ambition, a good constitution, and the natural elements of 
character and disposition to succeed. His hair is silvered with the frosts of seventy-five win- 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 151 

ters, yet he may be found always at work with his men, making every moment valuable through 
life. In addition to his business he owns in various townships in this county, 533 acres of land, 
most of which is under cultivation. He was married in Sussex County, Eng., in 1828, to Miss 
Philadelphia Burgess, a native of that county. To this issue ten children have been born, eight 
of whom are living — Thomas, who married Finira Layman, and resides in Pennis County, Mo. ; 
Harriet, wife of Nelson Hyland, resides at Kenton, Ohio; Betsey, married Asa Carter, who 
enlisted in the Thirty-fourth Zouaves, was promoted to Captain, in which capacity he was acting 
when killed on the field at Winchester; Belinda, wife of David Jloore of this county; John, 
who married Emma Judy, and are residents of this county; Edward, who married Vina Brown- 
ing, resides at the homestead, and has three children — Ada, Tillie and Nellie ; Mary, who mar- 
ried William Guy, and resides in Marion County, Ohio ; and Melissa, wife of G. D. Hawley of 
this county. 

J. B. WHELPLY, retired, Marysville. This gentleman added one to the population of 
Union County March 24, 1827. His father, Joseph, was a native of Montpelier, Vt., who came 
to this county in 1813, and located in Union Town:<liip (at that time Ross County). He was one 
of the early pilgrims of Union County, and quite an early settler in Madison County, where he 
subsequently moved, and died in 1837. His wife, Mary Morrow, was a native of Syracuse, N. 
Y., whose family founded a home in Union County in 1817. Her death is recorded in February, 
1882. The subject of this sketch was brought up on the homestead farm. In 1852, he became 
engaged in the mercantile trade at Milford Center, which he pursued successfully at that point 
and at Marysville for twenty years, when he retired from the active duties of life. He served 
the county as Sheriff four years, and was appointed County Treasurer to fill an unexpired term 
caused by the death of J. R- Russell in 1873. He was elected County Commissioner, in the fall of 
1876, and is occupied in that position at this time. He had the entire supervision of the erection 
of the new court house, the duties of which position he discharged to the entire satisfaction of the 
people. He entered the ranks of the Union army in 1861, as First Lieutenant in Company B, 
Thirty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served in the field until February, 1862, when he 
resigned on account of disability, and returned to his home. The same year he was appointed 
United States Assessor, which position he occupied until 1865. His life has been one of con- 
tinued activity, and with energy and sagacity he has made life a success. His marriage to Miss 
Aspe C, daughter of Marova and Sophia Beach occurred in 1849. Her mother was a native of 
Vermont, and was brought with her parents to this State when seven years of age. They set- 
tled in Madison County where she survives the death of her companion. This union has borne 
them three children, two of whom are living — Hylas H. and Lizzie. 

A. J. WHITNEY, retired, Mar3^sville, was a representative business man of Marysville seven 
years, and was born in Susquehanna County, Penn., November 23, 1829, and is a son 
of Everett and Julia (Men-iman) Whitney, natives of Connecticut, and pioneers of Pennsylvania. 
Mr. W. came to this city in 1859, and soon after engaged in the dry goods trade. In 1862, he 
formed a copartnership with E. S. Pyne, under the firm name of Whitney & Pyne, and the con- 
cern pursued an extensive trade until 1876, when the firm dissolved, and Mr. W. retired. The 
same year he organized the Peoples' Bank of Marysville, of which he was appointed President, 
and occupies that positioa at this time. Mr. W. is considerably. interested in stock, and is asso- 
ciated with Mr. Winget in the introduction of Jersey slock, having made the first importation 
and sale of this choice breed in Union County. Mr. Whitney was married in February, 1858, to 
Miss Ruby Tuttle, a native of Pennsylvania, who died in 1870, leaving two children. He was 
again married to Miss Kate Peck, a native of ^lilford. Conn. Three children were born to 
this union, two of whom are living. The family are connectedfwith the Methodist Episcopal 
Church. 

GEORGE WILBER, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Madison County, N. Y., 
August 8, 1811. His father, OwenAVilber, was born near Newport, Conn.; served in the war 
of 1812, and died in Madison County, N. Y., His mother, formerly Sarah Pierce, was also a 
native of Connecticut, and died at the birthplace of our subject. George was reared to manhood 
on a farm, and acquired his education in the common schools. In 1829, he married Margaret 
Miller, a daughter of Joseph Miller. She died in 1833, and left no issue. In 1834, he married 
for his second wife, Susan Cole, with whom he lived two years and two months, when she died. 
He celebrated his third marriage, November 28, 1860, with Mrs. Annette Marshall, widow of Joshua 
Marshall and daughter of James and Fanny Coolidge, who were natives of Massachusetts and 
Vermont, respectively. The foriner was born July 24, 1792, and served in the war of 1812. He 
came to Union County, and died March 19, 1846. Mrs. Coolidge was born June 16, 1800, and 
came to Union Township, this county, in 1816. She died January 29, 1865. Mrs. Wilber was 
born in Allen Township, December 8, 1818. Mr. and Mrs. Wilber, have one child, George M., 
born July 3, 1862. Mrs. Wilber was the mother of nine children by her former husband; of 
these five are living viz.: James C, bora Jaiuary 26, 1840; Ai, born April 2, 1847; Emily E., 
born April 25, 1851; Victor A., born September 28, 1853, and Sarah F., born March 14, 1856, 
wife of Lewis Demorist. In 1827, Mr. Wilber, removed to Lucas County, Ohio, and took con- 
tracts on the Wabash & Erie Canal on which he done $ 50,000 worth of work. Subsequently, 
he returned to York State and in 1860 came to this county and located in the northern part of 



152 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY, 

Paris Township. During the period in York State before coming to Union County, he was en- 
gaged on canals. He SuperintemleJ the construction of the aqueduct over the Erie Canal, at 
Syracuse, N. Y., and was Superintendent of the Chenango Canal for a number of years. During 
his residence in Union County, he has been engaged in the pursuits of farming and stock-raising. 
He bought, and shipped live-stoclv to the Eastern cities for a number of years. Since 1862, he 
has devoted especial attention to keeping line French horses, in which he has been successful. 
In 1866, he located on his present farm. He has been an active and useful citizen since he lo- 
cated in the county. He served as Superintendent of gravel roads of Paris Township, two years, 
and as Infirmary Director three years. He was a member of the Agricultural Board eight years, 
and one year he tilled the office of President. He has been active in many of the more impor- 
tant improvements of the county, and has always performed a creditable part. He is identified 
with the Masonic Order and in politics is Republican. He is the owner of a valuable farm of 
150 acres, besides property in Marysvillc. Mrs. Wilber's first husband,. Joshua Marshall, was a 
son of James and Charity Marshall. He was born February 28, 1807, and reared to manhood 
in Columbus. He came to Union County in 1840, and served his township as Treasurer four 
years, and also as Justice of the Peace. He filled the capacity of Commissioner of the county 
two terms, and died September 3, 18.58. He was connected with the Methodist Episcopal Church, 
of which he was an able member. He was a member of the Masonic society. While in Colum- 
bus, he superintended the erection of the Insane Asylum, which was burned in 1878. 

N. C. WILCOX, firm of Wilcox Bros., dealers in clothing, boots and shoes, and wholesale 
notions, Msrysville. This enterprising house established business in this city in 187'>. suc- 
ceeding J. W. Wilcox. The firm carry a full and compUta stock of goods, with an investment 
of $12,0C0 to $15,000, and have created a lucrative and enjoyable trade. The subject of this 
sketch was born in Noble County, Ohio, ia 1845. For fourreeu years prior to his ciming to 
this city, he was engaged in the same business at AUensville, Vintm Co., Ohio. His father, 
Joseph Wilcox, was a native of Delaware, and settled in Vinton County, where he parsed the 
remainder of his life. His mother, Mary J. McClenahnn. was born in Ireland, and is a resi- 
dent of Vinton County, .at this time. They raised a family of nine children, eight of whom 
are living. Robert S., the senior partner of this firm, is a native of Noble County, Ohio, and 
was engaged in business at Hamplon, in that county, for some years. Both brothers enlisted 
in the One Hundred and Ssventy-eighth Otio Volunteer Infantry in July, 1864, and served 
until the close of the rebellion. The firm possess good business qualifications, and are able at 
all times to be courteous, gentlemanly and obliging. 

J. M. WILKINS, dry goods, Marysville. We take some pride in the perpetuation of the 
Wilkins family, worthy as the present generation are, and possessing the persevering qualifi- 
cations transmitted from its venerable head, for he, the father, was characterized by ttie luster 
of honor, nobleness and integrity, Alfred F. Wilkins, the fattier of our subject, was a native 
of Saratoga County, N. Y., from whioh point he made his way to Union County, and settled in 
the north part of the county, being among its primitive pioneers He was a protessiontil sur- 
veyor, and was elected Surveyor of the county in 1854. His competency and valued services 
re-elected him to the same position in 1857 and 1860. He was a futhful oflScer and discharged 
the duties of that office uniil January, 1864. He was Deputy County Treasurer, under David 
D, Welch, from October, 1861, to the close of 1865. As xMayor of the city several years, he 
gave unbounded satisfaction, and during his eventful career, won the esteem of his fellow- 
citizens, which, cherished in memory, will last as long as life and reason endure. He became 
widely and favorably known while proprietor of the American House, and at the time of his 
death, in 1876, was Justice of tHe Peace. Hi:! wife, Harriet J. (Stewart) Wilkins, who survives, 
was a. native of Saratoga County, N. Y., and bm-e him six children, all of whom are living, as 
follows: J. C, married Nannie Bradley, and resides in Springfield, Ohio ; Beriah, married 
Emma J. Robinson, of this city; Keziah, wife of Hon. A. B. Robinson; Charles F., married 
Josie M. Buxton; John M.; and Joseph S., who was married, July 30, 1881, to iSIiss Min- 
nie, daughter of George Camp, of this city, by whom he has one child. 

C. F. WILKINS, third son of Alfred F. and Harriet J. Wilkins, was born in York Town- 
ship October 7, 1852. When four years of age his parents moved to Marysville, where he was 
reared to manhood. His education was principally received in the public schools of the town. 
From 1861 to 1806, he kept a fruit stand on Main street; he was then employed as clerk for 
the firm of J. C. and Beriah Wilkins, merchants, till March, 1870, when he took the same posi- 
tion in the factory store of Robinson & Robinson. In June, 1876, he became a partner in this 
establishment, and is .an active member of the firm. In 1877-78-79, he was associated with 
Robinson & Robinson in the manufacture of woolen goods. In November, 1882, he purchased 
the book and stationery store of Joe S. Wilkins, but soon after disposed of it. Mr. Wilkins was 
married August 17, 187t), to Miss Josie M. Buxton, a daughter of Darius Buxton of this place. 
Mr. Wilkins U identified with the I. O. 0. F. and K. of P. Politically, he is Democratic. 

"W. M. WINGET, Justice of the Peace and rieiler in Jersey cattle, Mirysville, was a son 
of Calvin Winget, a native of Marietta, Ohio. His wife, Cynthia il. Irwin, was a daughter of 
Squire John Irwin, who was the father of a Large family, and became well known among 
the pioneer familiis of Union County. The subject of this sketch, whose portrait appears in 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 153 

this work, was bora in Unioa Township, Union Co., Ohio, June 1, 1829. He acquired his edu- 
cation in the schools of this city, and locatt^d at Pleasant Valley, learning (he sad fiery and 
harness-making trade. He wasniarriel at Milford Center, Union County, November 29, 1858, to 
Miss Cynthia H. Culver, a native of this county, and soon af er established himself in business 
at that place. He served Union Township as Clerk, fourteen or tifleen years, and in 1875, was 
elected Clerk of the Courls, of Union Co.mty, which office he filled two terms. He was Mayor 
of the. city of Milford four terms. Justice of the Peace many years, and at this time acts in that 
capacity. He enlisted. May 2. 1864, as Commissary Sergeant, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth 
Ohio National Guards, and served until the expiration of bis term of service in August, 1864. 
He re-enlisted September 2, of the s ime year, as Cooamissary Serg»aut of the One Hundred 
and Seventy-ninih Ohio Volunteer Inf^intry, and was houorably discharged as such May 29, 
1865. During his long cireer among the business men of this city, he has become popular as a 
citizen, honored as a friend and neighbor, and respected by all. He ba^ passed all the degrees 
in .Masonry but one, and is an eminent officer of that fiatemity, and also is a member of the 
G. A. R. His living children are Hatiie, wife of C. W. Newman, of Madiscn County; William 
E., a student of medicine in the office of Dr. Blinn ; Lizzie, a graduate of the high school in 
the clrtss of 1882, and Mary E. 

DAVID C. WINGET, retired, Marysville. This aged and respected pioneer is a native of 
Union Township, where he was born October 22, 181)3. His father, Stephen, was a native of 
Washington County, Penn., who in company with Calvin Carey the maternal grandparent of our 
subject, crossed the AUeghanies on horseback with all their worldly goods, and located in Uuion 
Township in season to plant a crop in the spring of 1801. Returning to Pennsylvania in the fall, 
they brought their families and selected a home on the waters of the Big Darby. Carey made 
the first clearing where Franklin now stands, but afterward moved to Champaign County. 
Stephen lived to enjoy pioneer life but about seven years after his coming. The subject of this 
sketch was raised on a farm, but in early life served three years' apprenticeship at the carpen- 
ter's trade in Urbana, Ohio. He was a thorough and natural workman, and pursued his avoca- 
tion until unable to do so, when he retired to the enjoyment of his long life of labor and re- 
ward. His mother, Hannah Carey, was a native of Washington County, Penn., and the mother 
of six children. Of this generation but two are living — David C. and i^ne sister, Phebe, wife of 
Capt. James Curry. Mr. W. was married in 1827, to Miss Rhoda, a daughter of Alex Reed, of this 
county; of the children born to this union, four are living, as follows: Marion A., who married 
Anna Converse, and reside at Columbus; Curry, married Sarah Pratt, and reside in Dakota 
Territory; J.Preston, married Lizzie Phillips, and Harvey H., who is in the regular United 
Stales Army, located at Washington Territory. The second child, Calvin R., enlisted in the 
Seventy-third Illinois Volunteer Infintry, and was Adjutant of that regiment when killed on 
September 20, 1863, on the field of Chickamauga. Also Curry, J. P. and Harvey, served in the 
Union army during the rebellion. Mrs. David C. Winget died in August, 1857, and he was again 
united to Miss Lucinda, daughter of James Reed, a pioneer family. Two children are the fruits 
o/ this union, one of whom is living — David F. at this time. July, 1882, engaged as telegraph 
operator at Catawba, Ohio. Mr. W. was at one time Mayor of Plain City, Madison County, and 
for some years served as Justice of the Peace, and in other important offices of trust. He 
numbers among the oldest living residents of Union County. 

SAMUEL B. WOODBULIN. The genealogy of the Woodburn family proves their descent, 
in the paternal line, from the old Scotch-Irish Covenanters. The first of the name in the United 
States was Robert Woodburn, who emigrated 'about the year 1776. He eiiected a permanent 
settlement at Carlisle, Penn., where he was married to Miss Mary Laidley, a native of Ken- 
tucky; who died leaving three sons. He again married, this time to Miss Sarah Barr, of Wash- 
ington County, Penn., by whom he had ten children — Mary, Elizabeth, Margaret, Sarah, Samuel 
B., the subject of this sketch, Martha, John, Jane, James and William. Samuel B., whose name 
heads this sketch, was born in Alercer County, Penn., January 22, 1812. In 1816, his family 
moved to Gallipoli3, Ohio, and the following year to Greene County, where his father died in 
1825 Samuel, being the eldest son, the charge of the family fell to him. He sought a location 
near Xenia, Ohio, and for six years was diligently engagetl in hauling merchandise from that 
point to Cincinnati. By rigid economy, he was enabled in 1841 to join his brother John in the 
purchase of llOJ acres of land in Jerome Township. Subsequently he bought his brother's in- 
terest, and laid out the village of New California. He served eight years as Commissioner of the 
Marysville, New California & Franklin County Free Turnpike, built under the free turnpike 
law, passed by the State Legislature in 1842. It has since become a gravel road, and Mr. Wood- 
burn continues to act in the capacity of Commissioner. For eighteen consecutive years, he 
served Jerome Township as Justice of the Peace. During the rebellion, he was an active worker 
in saising money and men to fill the quota from Jerome Township, and it was largely if not en- 
tirely due to his eiforts that his township escaped the draft. His hair is silvered with the 
frost of threescore and ten years, yet his active energies predominate, and he is enabled to bear 
his part in the walks of men with the full vigor of his prime. His marriage to Miss Lovinia, 
daughter of John and Anna Henderson, occurred February 8, 1843. Of the ten children born 
to this union, seven are living — Robert L., Clois C, Florence A., Emma A., Louella, Hamer C. 



154 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

and Maud. R. L. Woodburn, the eldest son and child, was born at the old homestead in Jerome 
Township. November 26, 1843, he entered the ranks of the Union army as First Corporal of 
Company B, Eighty-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, June 20, 1863, and served in the 
field till honorably discharged in February, 1864. His collegiate education was acquired in the 
Ohio Wesleyan University, from which institution, he graduated in the class of 1869. During 
the college term he became interested in, and acted as financial editor of the Western Collegian, 
now the College Transcript, a semi-monthly devoted to educational matters. He commenced the 
reading of law in 1869, under the preceptorship of Hon. .J. W. Robinson and L. Piper. Com- 
pleting his studies in November, 1871, he at once began the practice of his chosen profession in 
this city, where he has since been continuously and successfully engaged since his residence in 
Marysville, he has displayed an active interest in educational affairs. In August, 1870, he was 
instrumental in organizing the first Teacher's Association in the county. He has been a mem- 
ber of the Board of County Examiners since 1872, and clerk of the board since 1874. He was 
also a member of the committee that selected the design and superintended the erection of the 
fine school edifice, which is a worthy monument to the capacity of the board. From 1877 to 
1881, he filled the chair of Prosecutor of the county with the highest satisfaction and efficiency. 
He was one of the founders of the Building and Loan Association, formed in July, 1872, and 
acted as its Secretary till the close of its successful career in 1881. In 1871, he became a Mas- 
ter Mason in Mirysville Lodge, No. 1.3S, F. & A. M., and in 1872 became a Royal Arch Mason 
in Marysville, Chapter Nj. 99. He took the Knight Templar degrees in 1873, at Raper Com- 
mandry. No. 19, at Urbana, Ohio, and in 1878 took the Scottish Rite degrees or 32°, at Cincin- 
nati Consistory. 

WILLIAM W. WOODS, deceased, was born Miy 13, 1814, on the AVood.s farm, on the 
Big Darby, about three miles below Milford, in Union County, aad died at Marysville Decem- 
ber 27, 1881, having been identified with the growth of every material interest of Marysville 
and Union County throughout a long and wonderfully active business life. He was the young- 
est chill of Rev. Samuel Woods, a Prcsb,terian minister, who settled on Big Darby in 1807, 
and was the first pastor of the Presbyterian Ciurch of Upper and Lover Liberty the latter 
having been first located on the Woods firm, but afterward removed to Milford, and the former 
on the James Ewing farm, near Plain City. These churches were his charge until his early 
death, April 27, 1815. Mrs. Woods, left a widow with five young children in what was then a 
wilderness, and with small means at her command, made a farm out of the wild land, with the 
aid of her boys, educated all her children well, as education went in those days, and even sent 
one of them (Col. Jtmes F. Woods, now a prominent member of the Pennsylvania bar, and the 
only one of the children surviving), to college. It is needless to say that she was a woman of 
greiten;rgy, but she also possessed in a high dei^ree those rarer qualities, good judgment, sound 
common sense, and an industry and perseverance that no obstacle could defeat. Added to these, 
her high moral and social standing made her a woman of mark in her town and neighbor- 
h.od. 

William received somelhiu^ more than a common school education, having been for some- 
time in a select school, under the instructions of Hon. John Gabriel, who was a thorough scholar 
and a teacher of more than ordinary force and influence, and Judge Woods, in after life, often 
spoke gratefully ot the instructions he received in this school. Otherwise his life, until twenty- 
one, was scarcely more eventful than that of other boys on similar farms. It had enough of 
hard work, few comforts, and no luxuries, but it sent him into active business life a clean man, 
with no vices, a constitution like iron, and such physical heilth as few men enjo}*. Life on the 
fdim did not fill the measure of his ambition, but throughout his busy career ie never lost his 
interest in farm operation?. Even when engaged in &everal business enterprises, any one of 
which would have been burden enough for an ordinary man, no farmer in the county wai better 
informed as to market prices of all fttrm products, and he was, in nearly all cases, a wise coun- 
selor, as thousands of friendly farmers who came to him again aad again for advice can testify. 
And his knowledge of the duties of farm work aad stock-raising was always a surprise to those 
who knew what treasures his well-stored mind possessed in other directions. His first expe- 
rience in business was as an itinerant book-agent, in Pittsburgh, Peun., and while only moder- 
ately successful, it was rich enough in experience, an 1 he was an apt scholar. He never forgot 
this early experience, and always had a warm side for book-agents and roving canvassers of 
every sort, always receiving them with kindness and encouragement, and generally with some- 
thing more substantial than sympathy. When this venture had lo3t its charm, he went to 
the old home of his parents in Washington and Westmoreland Counties, and embarked in busi- 
ness, but soon sold out and returned to Union County, and in August, 1837, located permanent- 
ly in Marysville, forming a partnership with Stephen McLain, in a general mercantile business. 
The partnership lasted but a few months, but Mr. Woods continued the business successfully up 
to 1840, building up a prosperous trade. In the meantime, in 1839, he had married Miss MtrLha 
J. Thompson, who survives him. 

The year 1840 was the turning point of his business life. He bought and slaughtered hogs 
with the expectation of large profiis; packed the pork, and shipped it to Montreal, Canada, 
where he sold it in the spring of 1841, at a loss that left him a bankrupt— about $13,000 in 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 155 

debf, and with only $3,000 in assets — $2,000 in gold, tlie proceeds of bis sales of pork, and the 
balance in notes. A debt of $10,000, in those early days, was appalling, greater than one of 
$150,000 would be now, but Judge Woods never faltered in the determination to pay every dollar 
of it. Eight here he faced the very serious question whether he ought to apply his assets to his in- 
debtedness, or hold it as capital. After advising with friends, he took the latier course, secur- 
ing his larger debts by his brother's indorsement, giving notes held by him as collateral for 
smaller debts, and thus securing an extension of time on most liabilities. He then addressed 
himself to his work with that matchless energy and judgment that marked the whole of his 
subsequent caret r. 

His first move was to purchase depreciated bank paper. At the time of his failure in 
1841, many of the banks in the West had foiled, among them those at Urbana, Granville. 
West Union and many others. Their paper, in ordinary business, was worth but a small 
per cent, but by law, the bank issuing it was compelled to take it at par on debts owing to 
it. Mr. Woods' plan was to hunt up debtors of these banks and arrange to pay their debts to 
the bank. He then bought up the depreciated paper at a large discount, paid the debts, 
taking a mortgage or deed on the land on which the debts v^ere levied, the debtors getting 
a share of the profits, and an extension of time. The profits of this business were |5,000 
in one year, but the success was won by an f mount of work that few cculd have accom- 
plished in the same time. The money was bouffht of brokers in Cincinnati, Cleveland and 
Pittsburgh. Time after time Mr. Woods visited those cities, traveling always on horseback, 
and frequently when the roads were at their worst. But neither bad roads nor bad weath- 
er could discourage him. When the time came to go, he always started. 

The business of the first year had exhausted his money. It had been faithfully applied to 
the payment of his debts, but one half of his liabilities still stood against him. In casting 
about to find some other means to meet these debts, which he regarded as sacred, he formed a 
partnership with Mains Wasson, in the mercantile trade. Mi*. Wasson furnishing the capital and 
credit, and Mr. AVoods contracting to do the work of the firm. This was in 1842, and times 
were hard and selling goods unprofitable. The people were poor, and if goods were sold, they 
must be sold on credit, and credit of indefinite length at that, but Mr. Woods was equal to the 
occasion. When customers owed and could not pay money, he would arrange with them to take 
stock, grain, or any sort of produce that he could market, and thus turn his goods into money 
and win trade. The business grew rapidly and prospered, and help was needed to do the work 
of the store, but Mr. AVasson held to the contract, and Mrs. Woods stepped in to aid her hus- 
band, keeping the books and doing other work in the store, so that, with the aid of a boy, he was 
able to carry on the business at a slightly increased expense. So the business went on until 
1850. Times had improved, and the business had been highly profitable to both partners. Mr. 
Woods' debts were paid, dollar for dollar, principal and interest, to the last cent, and he was 
once more master of moderate capital. An anecdote of the time when he was struggling with 
this load of debts will give some idea of his wonderfully keen insight into men, and his pers'ua- 
siveness. A farmer and son and hired man were working in a field, when they saw Mr. Woods 
coming down the road on horseback and at once guessed that he wanted to buy the farmer's 
wool, and after a hasty consultation, they decided that it would not be safe to sell it to him, as he 
had just failed and probably could not pay for it. The father went down to the fence, deter- 
mined not to sell, but soon came back and said, "I sold him that wool." The son protested, 
but the father continued, " Well, I'd rather be swindled by Bill Woods than to sell to any other 
man in Union County and get my money." 

There was nothing in his after life in which .Judge Woods gloried as he did in this manful 
struggle with an overwhelmiag debt, and there is no doubt that the ten years of life it 
cost him were thus well spent, ripening his character, establishing a good credit, and preparin g 
him for an enlarged business career. 

About this date, the project of a railroad was started; Judge Woods, always public spirited, 
subscribed and paid f 1,000 to the stock of the company, though he could ill afford such 
a sum, and rendered other aid that was invaluable. From 1850 to 1854, he again engaged in 
mercantile trade, and carried on the asliery business, on a large scale, the latter business 
being very profitable for several years. When the railroad was finished, he built the grain ware 
house, still in use in Marysville, and began dealing in grain, and at the time of his death the 
firm of which he was the head, practically controlled the grain trade for twenty miles along the 
railroad, a monopoly, it must be said, which was never abaseil. 

In 1854, Mr. Woods left the mercantile business permanently, and established the Bank of 
Marysville, in company with Mr. H. Anderson, of Marysville, and J. C. Evans, of Delaware. 
Later, Mr. Woods purchased the interests of his partners, and made a new alliance with Hon. C S. 
Hamilton and Mr. David Welch, as partners, and Mr. T. J. Buxton, now President of the City Bank 
of Minneopolis, Minn., as Cashier. After the tragic death of Mr. Hamilton, another change took 
place, and the firm of Fullington, Phellis & Woods, was formed, under which title was built up 
the largest private banking business in Ohio, outside of the larger cities. 

In addition to these various enterprises, several of which were carried on simultaneously, 
and in all of which he was the master spirit, he was interested, from time to time, in the pur- 



156 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

chase of wool, stock, and other farm products. He also bought and sold real estate, especially 
farm piopeity, and was for several years the responsible head of the Marysville Lumber & But- 
ter Tub Company, which, though not profitable in itself, gave employment to many men, and 
give an impulse to the growth of Marysville, where such help was much needed. la 1875, he 
bought a large tract of fertile farming land in Minnesota, and at the time of his death, owned 
several of the finest stock and wheat farms, one of 2,400 acres, in that distant State. To all 
these interests he gave a more or less close personal supervision, and possessed a knowledge of 
details in each, that was scarcely less than marvelous, and which gave some hint of what he 
mi"-ht have accomplished if he had early cast his lot in a large city, where, while following a 
single line of busiaess, he might have found a field broad enough for the e.xercise of his un- 
paralleled energies, without constantly pushing out in new directions. As it was, beginning in 
1841, loaded with an appallin? debt, and apparently hopelessly insolvent, he died in 1881, prob- 
ably the wealthiest man in Union County. 

The qualiiies of head and heart that enabled him to win this success, are worthy of study 
and imitation. He possessed in an eminent degree a quick perception and sound judgment and 
busin' ss capacity of the highest or ler. His decision once made, he followed on to the end with 
rare skill, and an energy, patience and perseverance that often wrested victory from defeat. 
But above all, he was just and fair in all his business relations. No other man in Union County 
could rally around him such an army of attached employes. Always courteous and kindly, he 
added to this generosity in all his dealings as an employer. He alwiys paid the highest wages 
of the time in cash. This insurt-d him the best service. His employes seldom left him, as long 
as he needed their help, and when they began life or busiaess for themselves, he never 
lost his personal interest in them, and many of those who worked for him by the month, years 
since, are now among the wealthiest and most prosperous men in the community. They had 
learned the art of doing business in a good school, and had the secret of success, and few of 
them failed to consult "The Judge," in all important and in many cases trifling matters of busi- 
ness. In fact, during the latter year? ot his life, a large portion of his time was comsumed by 
those who came to him for advice on all sorts of matters, business and personal. Tiie kindly 
nature of the man invited confidence, and the care with whicli he considered every matter, even 
the most trifling, that was thus brought to his attention, insured a wise and well considered an- 
swer. Hundreds of Union County men can date the beginning of their success to following wise 
suggestions given by Judge Woods, without money and without price. 

Thus far the character of Judge Woods as a business man only, has been presented, as that 
was the field in which he was most active. Yet no matter of public interest, escaped his atten- 
tion. Never an extreme partisan, he took the deepest interest in tlie results of elections. Orig- 
inally a Whig, he, at an early day, became an anti-slavery man, and with that strong and help- 
ful sympathy for the down-trodden and oppressed everywhere, blackand white, heranged him- 
self with the Abolitionists at a time when it cost something to avow anti-slavery opinions. 
While his residence was too conspicuous to be made a depot for the "underground railroad," few 
fugitives passed that way who did not have a kind and encouraging word, and substantial help 
from him, before they crossed the bridge over the Scioto on their way to Canada. 

Old residents who recall those stirring times will remember the active part he took in sev- 
eral cases when slaves were retaken in Union County, especially that of "Bob and Lucinda," 
when tlie excitement ran high, and Judge Woods, with others, employed the ablest counsel in 
the county for their defense. His part in other cases caused frequent threats of mobbing, and 
on more thnn one occasion he was urged by friends to leave his home and remain away until 
the excitement cooled. It is not necessary to say that he remained at home, ready for consulta- 
tion in any emergency. 

So much for the business and public life of one who, by virtue of his long and successful 
career, and his identification with every public enterprise, must appear as a conspicous figure in 
the early history of Union County. That his matchless business qualities were supplemented by 
a gent'rous nature, as true as steel, and as tender as a woman's, those know best who were ad- 
mitted 10 the inner circle of his friendship. At home he was thoughtful for others and careless 
of himself. In his later years, failing health called for fortitude and patience, but in the most 
intense suffering, that courtesy and thoughtfuluess for others, which made for him so many 
warm friends, and was the most potent element of success in business, never forsook him, and 
the comfort and welfare of those about him were always uppermost in his heart. His widow 
and tw 1 daughters, the elder now Mrs. V. G. Hush, and the younger, Mrs. A. G. Wilcox, all re- 
side in Minneapolis, Minn., which, at his own request, was the place of his burial. 

Judge Woods was a man of rare social qualities, possessing fine conversational powers, 
backed by a fund of anecdote and a keen sense of humor. He was al-o a good listener, qualities 
rarely found united, and was alwuys a geni^il companion. To those less fortunate than liimselt, 
he w:is always most courteous and kindly, and no one who was deserving ever appealed to him 
for help in vain, and it is the poor who will remember him longest and respect him most. No 
man ever harbored less malice than he. His most intimate friends never heard him speak un- 
kindly of his enemies, and he suffered bitter wrongs in silence rather than depart from that 
practice which was the embodiment of his faith, "with malice toward none but with charity for 



PARIS TOWNSHIP. 157 

all." AVhile a liberal giver to every public enterprise, always ready to do his part, and more 
than his part, he aided the poor without parade, and indeed with the utmost secrecy. Many 
kind deeds were unknown, even to members of his own family, until h'n death brought to light 
many tear-staiued letters, thanking him for help in time of sore need. He never passed a blind 
begger without giving, without considering his deserts. At one time when visiting Niagara 
witli his daughter, the cirriage pissed a blind man at a gate, but, not having change in his 
pocket (he s-ldom carried money), drove by, and the circumstance was forgotten, until months 
afterward the daughter, in looking over old papers, found an acknowledgment of the receipt 
of $1 " for the blind man at the gate," by a gentleman in business near the locality, whose ac- 
quaintance Judge Woods had made in his brief stay. His friend added in a postscript, '• You 
made this poor rnan happy for one day, at least." In the multiplicity of his cares, he had found 
time to recall this unfortunate, whom he had seen but once, and to whom he had never spoken. 

In 1849, when the Free-Soil party held the balance of power in the Legislature, he was 
(without his knowledge) elected an Associate Judge of the Common Pleas Court of Union County, 
and performed the duties of the office to the satisfaction of both people and bar until the adop- 
tion of the present Constitution in 1851. At the organization of the Republican party, Judge 
Woods joined it, and remained an active Piepublican and a zaalous supporter of the Government 
during ihe war, giving liberally and freely of his me ins for the aid of soldiers and their families, 
as well as for all other purposes that could aid the Government in the prosecution of the war. 
Later he cared little about party, generally voting independently, but in his later year-i, inclining 
to the Democratic side, with that generous impulse that always led his strong nature to sympa- 
thize wiih the weaker party in all contest. He was in no sense an office seeker ; his taste and 
ability led him into business, and in that field his greatest triumphs were actiieved. He was a 
man who was always equal to the occasion, and if he had been called into public life, the same 
sagacity which enabled him to distance competition in business would have soon made him a 
leader in anv public body. 

JOHN H. WOOD, notion store, Marysville. John H. Wood is one of the oldest native-born 
business man of this city. His father, Ira Wood, was a native of Vermont, and among the 
early practitioners of medicine in Union County. He first located in a log house at the springs, 
and became a resident physican of Marysville in 1825. He was Justice of the Peace some years, 
and in 1839 was stricken with milk sickness, from which he died. His wife Margaret was born 
in the Keystone State, and lived threescore years and ten of her life, dying in 188 ). Tlie 
subject of this sketch was the eldest of eight children, and was born at the homestead, corner 
of Main and South streets, December 12, 1832. His father purchased this building in 1827, 
which at this writing remains the only old landmark near the business part of the town. Mr. 
AVood is a pharmacist by profession, and established drug business upon the site now occupied 
by McCloud & Brother, in 1856. -Two years later, it was nearly destroyed by fire, but rebuilt 
pnd occupied until 1860, when j\Ir. Wood erected the present edifice. The following year the 
firm of Wood & Fields was established, but was dissolved in 18G8. In 1871, he further im- 
proved the place by erecting his present business place. His brother Harvey became associated 
with him at this time, and they opened to the public a complete stock of notions. In 1880, Har- 
vey withdrew from the firm, and Mr. Wood has since continued alone. He carries a very neat 
stock of about $4,000 to $5,000, and has a liberal patronage. He has served this city and town- 
ship as Treasurer for the past fifteen years, and is connected with the I. 0. 0. F. and Masonic 
fraternities. Mr. Wood was married to Miss Abbie, a daughter of Dr. Rathburn, a pioneer phy- 
sician of this county. Carrie and John E. are their living children. 

HARVEY S. WOOD, nurseryman, Marysville, is a native of Marysville, Union County, Ohio, 
where he was born December 10, 1839, and is the youngest son of Ira and Margaret Woof), na- 
tives of New York and Pennsylvania respectively. Ira with his lather, John U., were tiniong the 
first families to join in the early settlements of this county. The subject of this sketch in eariy 
life was engaged as a salesman in his native city, and at the breaking-out of the rebellion, he 
gave his service to the Union army and entered the ranks of the Thirteenth Ohio Volunteer Infan- 
try, in April, 1861. He served the call of four months, and re-enlisted October 2(.i, 1861, as pri- 
vate in Company F, Sixteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served three years. He received 
promotion to First Sergeant, in October, 1S62, and Second Lieutenant the same year, in which 
rank he was taken prisoner at Chickasaw Bayou, Mississijiju, December 29, 1862, and was con- 
fined in Liliby Prison at Richmond, Va., until May 7, 1863, when he was exchanged and re- 
turned to the service at Vicksburg, and^participated in the siege and surrender of that strong- 
Uold. Soon after the battle of Jackson, Miss., in 1863, the superior officer, Capt. Monroe, died, 
and Lieut. Wood succeeded to the command of the company, in which rank he served to the 
close. Prior to his ca[iture, he engaged in the battles of Mill Springs, Ky., January 19, 1862; 
Cumb3rland Gap, Tenn., June 18, 1862; Tazewell, Tenn., August 6, 1862; Mandhester, Tenn.. Au- 
gust 29, 1862. He was honorably discharged November 25, 1864. Returning to peaceful pur- 
suits, he was engaged in the dry goods business at Richwood, Union County, until the close of 
1866, when he formed a copartnership with an urcle, in a wholesale notion house at I'elle'on- 
taine, Ohio. His uncle's death occurred the following year, and the stock was closed out. Mr. 
W. returned to Marysville and joined his brother John H. in the wholesale and retail notion busi- 



158 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

ness. This firm dissolved in 1879, and he purchased and settled upon his present place, where 
he has been successfully engaged in the nursery business. He was married, in 1861, to Miss 
Sarah, a daughter of William and Isabel Phillips, and a native of Richwood, where her parents 
settled and lived to the close of life's journey. This union has been blest with fivechildren, all of 
whom are living, viz., Isabel L., Mary P., Annie H., Sarah and Harvey. Mr. Wood served in the 
City Council four years, and has always taken an interest in all public affairs. He is a member 
of the Blue Lodge and Chapter of Masons, of Red Men and of the 6. A. R. Politically, he is Re- 
publican. 

THADDEUS W'OOD, farmer. P. 0. Marysville, a native of Paris Township, was born No- 
vember 6, 1837. He is a son jf Michael S. and Eliza (Thayer) Wood, the former a native of New 
York and the latter of Crawford County, Penn. They were married in Union County, and were 
the parents of nine children; of these, seven are living, viz.: Alpheus; Joseph E.; Demmis D., 
wife of 0. J. Cowely; Clarinda A., wife of .J. Smith Alexander; Thaddeus, the subject of this 
sketch; Michael P., and Emily E., wife of William Stilliugs. Ira and Lebbeus are deceased. Mr. 
and Mrs. Wood resided on the homestead till 18<.5, when they removed to Marysville, where 
they both died. Our subject was reared to manhood on the farm where he was born. He was 
married December 23, 1860, to Mercy Reed, daughter of Zephaniah and Siddie A. Reed. Mrs. 
W^ood was born in Paris Township August 30, ISiO. They had eleven children, of whom nine 
are living — Eva, wife of Malilon Burris, Lewis, Abba, Harvey M., James M., William, George 
F., and Maud and Rodney (twins). In 1860, Mr. Wood located on the farm that he now occupies, 
which contains 133 acres. His occupation is that of farming and stock-raising. He and wife 
are members of the United Brethren Church. Politically, he is a Prohibitionist. 



CHAPTER II. 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 

The territory composing this township was, prior to the organization of 
Union County, embraced in the counties of Delaware and Madison, the north- 
ern portion in the former and the southern portion in the latter. The town- 
ship, as originally formed by the County Commissioners of Delaware County, 
included the northern portion of its present territory, and a large scope of the 
western portion of the present territory of Union County, extending north- 
ward to the northern boundary line of the county. After the erection of Union 
Coiinty, in 1820, on the 12th day of March, 1821, at a meeting of the Com- 
missioners of Union County, " agreed, that the County of Union be divided 
into townships as follows: Beginning at the southwest corner of Union 
County, running east five and one-half miles; thence north six miles; thence 
north to the north boundary of Union County, all west to be Union Town- 
ship." ' Subsequently, in June, 1822, Liberty Township was erected, embrac- 
ing all the northern portion to the northern boundary of the county. In 1827, 
Allen Township was formed, which again curtailed the boundaries of Union. 
It is now bounded north by Allen and Paris Townships, east by Paris and 
Darby, south by Madison County and west by Champaign County. The sur- 
veys of Union, begun in 1799, were as follows: June 7, 1799, for Lucas 
Sullivant, 200 acres. Survey No. 3,311; Lucas Sullivant, Deputy Surveyor, Jan- 
uary 21, 1807, for Warren Cash, 100 acres, Sm-vey No. 3,196. James Gallo- 
way, Jr., D. S., November 5, 1807, for James Waters, 400 acres, Survey No. 
3,459. James Galloway, Jr., D. S., May 31, 1802, for Elizabeth Rickman, 
widow of Dr. William Rickman, 1,080 acres. Survey No. 4,071. eJoseph Kerr, 
D. S., October 2G, 1813, for Robert Kays and Lucas Sullivant, 306| acres, 
Survey No. 4,277. Walter Dun, D. S.', October 3, 1806, for Robert Kays, 
2,000 acres, Siu'vey No. 4,278. Lucas Sullivant, D. S., December 12, 1805, 
for Frederick Stanton and Daniel Bailey, assignees, 283 acres. Survey No. 
4,735. James Galloway, Jr., D. S., May 20, 1806, for Obadiah Smith, 466f 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 161 

acres, Survey No. 4,807. James Galloway, Jr., T>. S., December 12, 1805, for 
JobB Cole, 100 acres. Survey No. 4,818. James Galloway Jr., D. S. , George 
Youn^c enters 100 acres, on the west side of south fork of Darby Creek, Survey 
No. 4,821 (not surveyed). May 20, 3806, for Absolom Bainbridge, assignee, 
400 acres, Survev No. 4,805. James Galloway Jr., D. S., June 8, 1800, for 
William Heth, 260 acres. Survey No. 4,946. James Galloway, Jr., D. S., 
January 21, 1807, for James Galloway, Jr., assignee, 80 acres. Survey No. 
5,088. James Galloway, Ji%, D. S., January 22, 1807, for Alexander Kerr, 
assignee, 150 acres. Survey No. 5,127. James Galloway, Jr., D. S. , March 28, 

1807, for Robert Means, assignee, 700 acres. Survey No. 5,265. James Gal- 
loway, Jr., D. S, June 6, 1814, for Thomas Holt, 200 acres. Survey No. 
5,291. Walter Dun, D. S., March 27, 1807, "for Robert Means, 200 acres, 
Survey No. 5.301. James Galloway, Jr., D. S., July 28, 1807. for Hugh 
Montgomery, 100 acres. Survey No. 5,475. James Galloway, Jr., D. S., De- 
cember 20, 1807, for John Patterson, assignee, 100 acres, Survey No. 5,602. 
James Galloway. Jr., D. S., February 27, 1808, for James Galloway, Jr., as- 
signee, 200 acres, Survey No. 5,708. James Galloway, Jr., D. S. , June 20, 

1808, for the representatives of Robert Young, 1,000 acres, Smwey No 5,726. 
James Galloway, Jr., D. S., June 15, 1808, for Samuel Finley, 255 acres, Sur- 
vey No. 5,740 James Galloway, Jr., D. S. , July 21, 1809, for Richard Ap- 
person, 300 acres, Survey No. 6,312. James Galloway, Jr., D. S., July 22, 

1809, for Richard Apperson and Beverly Stubblefield, 353f acres, Survey No. 
6,316. James Galloway, Jr., D. S., March 10, 1810, for Andrew Alexander, 
assignee, 200 acres, Survey No. 6,543. James Galloway, Jr., D. S., August 
15, 1811, for James Galloway, Jr., assignee, 100 acres, Survey No. 7,142. 
James Galloway, Jr., D. S., April 24, 1812, for David Comer, assignee, 200 
acres, Survey No. 7,406. James Galloway, Jr., D. S., April 24, 1812, for Alex- 
ander Reed, assignee, 100 acres, Survey No. 7,407. James Galloway, Jr.,D. S., 
July 19, 1815, for Benjamin Hough, assignee, 172 acres. Surveys No. 7,472 and 
7,677. Walter Dun, D. S., October 24, 1812, for Thomas Moore, 1,500 acres. Sur- 
vey No. 7,491. Walter Dun, D. S., August 29, 1812, for John Graham, assignee, 
640 acres. Survey No. 7,474. Walter Dun, D. S., December 8, 1817, for William 
Robinson and John A. Fulton, assignees, 500 acres. Surveys No. 7,492 and 
9,461. Walter Dun, D. S., October 27, 1813, for James Galloway, Jr , as- 
signee, 100 acres, Survey No. 7,734. James Galloway, Jr., D. S., May 15, 
1813, for James Galloway, Jr., assignee, 30 acres, Survey No. 7,737. James 
Galloway, Jr., D. S., October 26, 1813, for Anthony Walke, assignee, 284 
acres. Surveys No. 7,770 and 7,836. Walter Dun, D. S., June 28. 1813, for 
Walter Dun, assignee, 80 acres, Survey No. 7,771. Walter Dun, D. S., July 
20, 1813, for Joseph Parrott, 800 acres. Survey No. 7,789. Walter Dun, D. 
S., July 20, 1813. for Anthony Walke, assignee, 95 acres. Survey No. 7,790. 
Walter Dun, D. S., April 29, 1815, for John Graham and Gross Scruggs, 260 
acres, Survey No. 7,926. Walter Dun, D. S., December 24, 1813, for Robert 
Green, 195 acres. Survey No. 7,967. James Galloway, Jr., D. S., May 1, 
1815, for Nathan Haines, assignee, and Henry Whiting, 120 acres. Survey No. 
8,151. Walter Dun, D. S., June 23, 1814, for Henry Whiting, 220 acres, Sur- 
vey No. 8,152. Walter Dun, D. S., September 20, 1815, for John Graham, 
assignee, 94 acres. Survey No. 8,153. Walter Dun, D. S., April 29, 1815, for 
Waiter Dun, assignee, 368 acres. Survey No. 8,414. W^alter Dun, D. S., 
April 29, 1815, for Anthony Walke, Nathan Haines, assignees, and Edward 
Carrington, John Marshall, Henry Heth and Henry G. Heth, executors of 
William Heth, deceased, 500 acres. Survey No. 8,415. Walter Dun, D. S., 
September 25, 1815, for James Johnston, Gross Scruggs, John Graham and 
Walter Dun, assignees, Survey No. 8,523. Walter Dun, D. S., April 18, 



lO 



162 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

1817, for Joseph and Benjamin W. Ladd and Thomas Newell, assignees, 120 
acres, Survey No. 9,020. James Galloway, Jr., D. S., November 28, 1817, for 
Walter Dun, assignee, 95 acres, Survey No. 9,390. Walter Dun, D. S., No- 
vember 29, 1817, for Walter Dun, assignee, 400 acres, Survey No. 9,494. 
Walter Dun, D. S. , June 6, 1818, for Walter Dun, assignee, Survey No. 
9,591. Walter Dun, D. S., October 31, 1818, for the divisees of Benjamin 
Forsyth, deceased, assignee, 500 acres. Survey No. 9,724. Cadwallader Wal- 
lace, D. S., December 18, 1818, for Walter Dun, assignee, 60 acres, Smwey 
No. 9,755. Walter Dun, D. S., April 29, 1818, for Joshua Poythross, as- 
signee, 1,024-L acres. Survey No. 9,798. Walter Dun, D. S., June 16, 1820, 
for Alexander Breckenridge and William Boyce, 200 acres, Survey No. 
10,338. James Taylor, D. S., January 9, 1823, for Samuel Smith, 600 acres, 
Survey No. 12,166. Walter Dun, D. S., October 26, 1823, for Lucas Sulli- 
vant, assignee, 366| acres. Survey No. 12,214. Walter Dun, D. S., January 
18, 1825, for Walter Dun, assignee, 70 acres. Survey No. 12,239. Walter 
Dun, D. S., January 18, 1825, for Walter Dun, assignee, 185 acres, Survey 
No. 12,338. Walter Dun, D. S., December 12, 1823, for James Galloway, 
Jr., assignee, 38 acres, Siirvey No. 12,349. James Galloway, Jr., D. S., De- 
cember 25, 1824, for Joseph Spencer, 8 acres, Survey No. 12,494. James 
Galloway, Jr., D. S., March 1, 1833, for Thomas Lucas, 120 acres. Survey No. 
12,674. E, P. Kendrick, D. S., January 10, 1825, for Walter Dun, assignee, 
]4§ acres, Survey No. 12,749. Walter Dun, D. S. , September 6, 1830, for 
Nathaniel Massie, assignee, 30 acres, Survey No. 14,192. Nathaniel. Massie, 
D. S., Joshua Poythross enters 1,066| acres. Survey No. 9,107. April 8, 1817, 
Walter Dun and Joshua Poythross, assignees, enter 820| acres, Survey No. 
9,594. January 1, 1823, Lucas Sullivant, assignee, enters 64g acres, Survey 
No. 12,215. 

SURFACE, SOIL, ETC. 

The surface of the greater portion of this township is remarkably level; 
a small portion in the eastern part and along the Big Darby is rolling and 
slightly hilly, while the central and southern portions are a part of the cele- 
brated "Darby Plains," noted for their level surface, and deep, rich soil, 
consisting of black vegetable mold. Originally, as the first settlers found 
these plains, they consisted of prairie and oak openings, the former covered 
with an exuberance of grass, which in some portions grew to an enormous 
height; some of the settlers testifying that, as they rode through it on horse- 
back, they could grasp a handful on each side of the horse, and tie them 
together over the rider's head. This is an excellent grazing and stock coun- 
try, and from its first settlement, the people have devoted much of their time 
and attention to the stock business. During a few years of recent date, they 
have given attention to ditching, tiling and draining these lands, which are 
thus rendered excellent for corn and wheat. Here, as elsewhere, the first set- 
tlers sought the higher and more rolling lands, along the streams, upon which 
they located, considering the prairies on those plains as worthless; too flat and 
wet to ever admit of cultivation, or even to be habitable. But early in the 
settlement of this township, colonies from the New England States came here, 
and, appreciating the true value of these rich lands, with true sagacity and 
sound judgrpent selected and located upon them; and although, for some years, 
they endured sickness, and inconvenience attendant upon the work of first im- 
provement, and caused largely by decaying vegetation, yet now they are possessed 
of as fine farms as can be found in the State. When these prairies were first taken 
up, they were pu,rchased for about one-half the price of the higher and more 
rolling lands, a lai-ge area being bought for 60 to 75 cents per aci'e, now they 
are worth about tAvice as much per acre as the hilly clay lands. This, township 



UNION TOWNS [I II'. 163 

is well watered. The Big and Little Darby, with their many tributaries, drain 
almost every part of the township. The Big Darby enters this township in its 
northwestern portion, and courses in a southeastern direction, leaving the 
township on its eastern border, about midway between the northern and south- 
ern boundaries. In its course, commencing in the northwest corner of the 
township, it receives from the southwest the following tributaries: Watson 
Run, Hay Run and Prairie Run; from the north or east side it receives Buck 
Run, which cou.rses entirely through the northeastern portion of the township 
in a southeastern course, emptying into the Darby at the east boundary line. 
The Little Darby enters this township near its southwest corner, from Madison 
County, courses northeast until it receives Treacle Creek, thence flows south- 
east and leaves the township at its extreme southeast corner. Treacle Creek 
is its principal tributary, and enters from Champaign Connty, near the 
southwest corner of the township, about one-half mile west of L^win Station. 
It courses northward about two and one half miles, thence east one and a half 
miles, thence south to the Little Dai-by, inclosing with the latter a large tract 
of probably 3,000 acres of land, and almost making an island of it, there 
being only an isthmus in the northwest corner of the township, between the 
head-waters of Treacle Creek and Little Darby, of about one-half mile in 
width. 

The principal productions of the soil here are wheat and corn, the rais - 
ing of which and the raising of stock claim almost the entire attention of the 
fanning community. In richness of soil, in productiveness and in wealth, this 
township now ranks as one of the first in Union County. 

PIONEERS. 

The territory comprised in this township was among the earliest portions 
of the county to open its broad and beautiful lands to settl«meut. The first 
white man to penetrate the wilderness of this domain as a settler, was 
George Reed, who settled on the Big Darby, near Mil ford, in 1799. He was 
a native of Pennsylvania, and became a very useful citizen of Union Town- 
ship. About 1810-12, he erected a grist mill aud a saw mill at Milford, the 
history of which is given elsewhere in this work. He also laid out and platted 
the town of Milford. He appears to have been a man of some means, of great 
energy and industry, and one of the leading active spirits of that day. He 
died Sr'ptember 28, 1836, aged sixty-seven years. 

Robert Snodgrass, a native of Pennsylvania, married Jane Reed, a sister 
of the above George Reed, and emigrated to this county in the fall of 1800, 
and settled on the Big Darby, on Survey No. 3,311, where they lived and died. 
Mr. Snodgrass was a weaver by trade, which business he followed through 
life, in connection with farming. He died September 30, 1834, aged seventy- 
six years. His wife died January 13, 1833, aged seventy years. Of their 
children, Jane, married Thomas Reed, is now deceased; James was twice mar- 
ried, first to Polly McDowell, second to Mrs. Phelps, nee King, is now de- 
ceased; Hannah married William Porter and died in this county a few years 
ago; William married Sarah Robinson and died in Marysville about 1840 (the 
above children were born in Pennsylvania, and those that follow in Ohio); 
Robert was the first child born in this township, and the thii'd in Union 
Co inty. He was born December 2, 1800, and January 1, 1828, married 
Ellen, daughter of Mrs. Jane Robison, who resided on the north bank of Big 
Darby, in Darby Township, about seven miles below Milford Center. Mr. 
Snodgrass was born on the north bank of Darby Creek, opposite the village of 
Milford, in a cabin which stood not far from the site now occupied by the rail- 
road water tank. In his childhood, he had for playmates the Indian children 



164 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

in the vicinity. He and his wife celebrated their golden wedding in 187S, 
and he died on the 9th of February of that 5'^ear. His wife died in 1879. 
They had seven children — Samuel, married Nancy Morrison, he died Feb- 
ruary 23, 1870, aged sixty-six years, and his wife about three years later; 
George, married Hannah Fox, February 8, 1828, with whom he lived nearly 
fifty-four years, she died December 8, 1881 (Mr. Snodgrass still survives, and 
resides with his children in Marysville, Columbus and Urbana); Thomas, the 
youno-est child, married Eliza Galloway, he died aborbl879, his wife still 
survives. Of the above children, Robert, George and Thomas were born in 
Union Township, were all married the same year (1828). and all lived to cele- 
brate the fiftieth anniversary of their wedding, which took place in Marys- 
ville as follow.s: That of Robert and wife, January 1, 1878; George and wife, 
February 8, 1878, and that of Thomas and wife, October 20, 1878. Of this 
family of true pioneers, George is the only surviving member. He removed 
to Marysville in 1824; was Assistant Clerk of the county, and has remained a 
resident of Marysville nearly all of the time since. He served as Deputy 
Sherifi" three years. He is now, probably, the oldest resident who was born in 
the county; is seventy-eight years of age and enjoying good health. 

Paul Houston, who married Miss Reed, sister to Geoi'ge Reed, settled 
here in 1800, about the same time with Mr. Snodgrass. These were, perhaps, 
the only three families in this township in the year 1800. In 1801 or 1802, 
came Samuel Reed, first, brother of George Reed (he married Eliza Lackey); 
Samuel Reed, the second (no i-elation to Samuel the first); Vandever Reed, 
David Reed and perhaps a few others. 

Q Three brothers, Richard, William and John Gabriel, were among the next 
earliest settlers on the Darby. As to the exact date of their settling here, we 
find a diversity of statements, fixing it from 1800 to 1810; but we think, from 
a preponderance of evidence, that it was not later than 1805, and perhaps as 
early as 1801 or 1802. They were citizens who took an active, leading part 
in the organization of the township and county, and in the general improve- 
ments, growth and progress of the county. William became Associate Judge 
of the county. Of his children, John became a man of more than ordinary 
ability, and represented this district in the Senate of Ohio; he died January 
10, 1872, aged seventy-one years. One daughter married David Burnham; 
is deceased. William, never mari'ied; was a man of great ability, but with 
many eccentricities; he represented this county in the Legislature, and became 
quite wealthy. He died January 12, 1876, aged sixty-five years; is buried in 
the Milford Cemetery, where is erected to his memory a large and fine monu- 
ment. One other son of William Gabriel, Sr. , was engaged in the mercantile 
trade in Belief ontaine; is now deceased. Richard Gabriel was the father of 
James Gabriel. John Gabriel was the father of John J. Gabriel; John died 
January 10, 1872, aged seventy-one years. William Gabriel, Sr., died Novem- 
ber 20, 1847, aged seventy six years. There was a large family of the Ga- 
briels, and many of them took an active part in the affairs of the county and 
township, and were among its best and most worthy citizens. 

Rev. Samuel Woods, father of Judge W. W. Woods, and Samuel his 
brother, settled on the Big Darby in 1806. He was a native of Pennsylvania; 
was a noted and popular preacher at an early day, becoming the first minister 
of the Presbyterian Church at Milford, in 1808; or, as it was then called, 
^' Upper Liberty." He was ordained to the ministry June 15, 1808; he died 
April 17, 1815, aged thirty-six years. Alexander Reed, brother of Samuel 
Reed the second, from Pennsylvania, settled here about 1810. 

David Comer, a native of Pennsylvania, settled on the Plains, on Survey 
No. 7,406, about 1810-12, and was one of the first Commissioners of Union 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 165 

CouDty, a Major of the militia and a leading, active citizen. He remained a 
citizen here till his death. 

John Irwin was born in York County, Penn., and was the son of 
William and Eleanor (Brisband) Irwin, he a native of Ireland and she of 
Scotland. He married Anna Steel, of Ohio County, Va., in 1791. In 1806, he 
settled in Union County, Union Township, on a farm in the southwest corner 
of said township, where he resided till his death in 1830, aged about sis.ty 
years. His death was caused by injuries received from being thrown from a 
young, spirited horse, soon after which he died upon the farm upon which he 
first settled in Union County. Mr. Irwin served as a Ruling Elder in the 
Presbyterian Church of Upper Liberty (now Mi If ord Center), and was the 
leader of singing in the church; was a teacher of vocal music, and had in his 
library a large book of tunes of his own composition with pen and ink. He 
organized the first Sabbath school ever constituted in Union Township, which 
was conducted for some time in his own house. He sought earnestly the 
spiritual as well as the temporal welfare of his household, and lived to see all 
his children (except one, who united with another denomination) become mem- 
bers of the church he helped to organize afte)- he came to Union County. Mr, 
Irwin was an excellent farmer, and also well versed in the mechanical arts 
Politically, he was a pure Jacksonian Democrat, and kept himself well ac- 
quainted with the political condition of the various governments of the world. 
He served as a Justice of the Peace of Union Township for several years. 
Anna Steel, his wife, was born in York County, Penn., a daughter of 
James and Mary (Harper) Steel; Harper's Ferry taking its name in honor of 
her father, James Harper. Miss Steel was seven }'ears of age when the Revolu- 
tionary war commenced, and was in the fort or block bouse most of her time 
during that sanguinary struggle. Her father was one of the minutemen of 
the army, and kept bis knapsack on his gun near the door readj to start at a 
minu.te's warning. Her ancestors were from Ireland. She died in 1854, from 
infirmities of old age. 

John Steel Irwin, eldest son of John and Anna Irwin, was born, in Ohio 
County, Va., about 17W3. About 1816. he married Betsey Kilpatrick, daugh- 
ter of Samuel Kilpatrick, who resided on a farm three miles below Milford 
Center, on the north bank of Big Darby, where he died about 1844, of con- 
sumption. Mr. Irwin served in the war of 1812 as a teamster; was a farmer 
and teamster by occupation, and in those days of no railroads the latter occu- 
pation took much of his attention, in hauling goods for the merchants. He 
was a stanch Democrat, and served as a Justice of the Peace in Darby Town- 
ship, and as a Ruling Elder in the Presbyterian Church at Milford Center, 
He had six sons and two daughters. Archibald Steel Irwin, his fourth son, 
served in the army in the war of the rebellion, and was killed in Memphis at 
the time Forrest made a raid upon that town. 

William Brisband Irwin, second son of John and Anna Irwin, was born in 
Ohio County, Va. , October 2, 1795, and died October 17, 1878, from a compli- 
cation of diseases incident to advanced age, aged eighty-three years. He en- 
tered the militia as the lowest commissioned ofiicej', and was successively pro- 
moted to the ofiice of Brigadier General, in which rank he served several years, 
and resigned in 1840, having served as a commissioned officer twenty-six years. 
He was a Justice of the Peace twenty eight years, when he removed to Leban- 
on, Warren Co., Ohio, leavi-g the ofiice. A remarkable feature of his ofiicial 
capacity was, that in no case tried before him was there ever an appeal taken 
from his decision. He was County Commissioner several years, serving in 
that capacity during the erection of the old court house, and was County Sur- 
veyor about twenty years. He was a Ruling Elder in the Presbyterian Church 



166 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

at Milford Center several years, and was likewise leader of the congregation in 
singing and a teacher of vocal music. After his arrival in ^Varren County, he 
was chosen Ruling Eider in the Presbyterian Church of Lebanon, April 3, 
1859, serving in that capacity about nineteen years. Mr. Irwin possessed, 
when a boy, a natural genius as a mechanic, and when quite young, during 
the time his father and brother were taking their noonings, he would steal 
quietly away, and devote his time in constructing a saw mill, and when the 
time arrived to go to the afternoon's work, his father's patience was severely 
tried by having to call repeatedly for his son to go to work, giving him a severe 
reprimand. But one day subsequently, while Mr. Irwin was walking along 
the creek, the heard a peculiar noise, and upon investigation, to his surprise 
he saw a toy saw mill, perfect in construction, and running in good order. 
From this time he never dictated to his son, William, hovv he should employ 
his noonings. This was the first and only saw mill ever erected on Treacle 
Creek. In 1820, he erected a saw mill on Little Darby, about two miles below 
the mouth of Treacle Creek. He had to go fourteen miles to procure help 
enough to perform the laborious work of raising it. On this errand he 
started the evening before, and it was raining and the creek rising, but still 
he anticipated no damage to his foundation timbers. But after he was gone, 
the creek continued to rise quite rapidly, his thoughtful wife, becoming anx- 
ious about the safety of his timbers, went to the creek, found the small tim- 
bers already beginning to float, and with her own hands hauled them, to 
higher ground. When this was accomplished, she saw that the larger timbers 
were also beginning to float. Hurrying to the house, she tied her babe, seven 
months old, in its cradle, took the bed-cord out of her ben, ran to the creek, 
and, wading waist deep into the water, placed the rope around the timbers and 
then made them fast to the bushes on shore and secured the frame. Thus, by 
the thoughtfulngss, energy and bravery of this noble wife, the entire timbers 
for the mill were saved. Mr. Irwin was married to Anna Bigelow June 15, 
1818. Six daughters and three sons were the result of this union. James 
Harvey, the third child, died in infancy. The youngest two children were 
sons, and both served in the army in the war of the rebellion, the eldest of 
whom, William Lee, was discharged as unfit for farther service, because of 
impaired health. The youngest, John Russell, was killed at Cedar Mountain, 
Ya. , August 9, 1862, aged twenty-one years and two months. On September 
7, 1854, William B. Irwin married, for his second wife, Mrs. Margaret Kim- 
ble. 

Mary Smyth Irwin, eldest daughter of John and Anna Irwin, was born in 
Ohio County, Va., about 1798. As soon as old enough, she commenced teach- 
ing school, whicli occupation she followed many years. She married Cyprian 
Lee, a merchant of Marysville, this county, but had no issue. She died of 
consumption in 1857. 

Cynthia Ann Irwin, the second daughter of John and Anna Irwin, was 
born in Ohio County, Va., about 1800. She married Calvin Winget about 
1821, by whom she had six sons and two daughters. Her youngest son, Cal- 
vin, died in the army in the late rebellion; she died of consumption about 
1844. 

James Hughs Irwin, third son of John and Anna Ii'win, was born 
in Ross County, Ohio, about 1802. He was married to Polly Reynolds, daugh- 
ter of Elisha and Mary Reynolds, of Union Township. Mr. Irwin was a 
prominent farmer, and in politics a Whig. He was an acceptable chnrch 
officer, and led the cono:rea:ation in sinffing:. 'His wife was a member of the 
Christian Church, with which he also united. They had four sons and three 
daughters. Two of the sons were in the army of the late rebellion; Gwvnn, 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 167 

the tliird son, was severely wounded, and returned from the army with shat- 
tered health; Duane, the fourth son, died in the hospital from diseases con- 
tracted in the service. Mr. James H. Irwin settled on a farm in Union Town- 
ship, where he died in June, 1841, with consumption. 

Isaac Newton Irwin, fourth son of John and Anna Irwin, was born in 
Ross County, Ohio, about 1804, and died at about four years of age. He was 
a child of remarkable sprightliness of intellect, and the day before his death 
gave his mother directions what to do with his playthings, and told her he was 
going to die. She thought it his childish talk. Early in the evening, he 
complained of being tired, and his mother put him to bed, and then went out 
to milk the cows. When she returned, she asked the family where Isaac was, 
and was told that he was in bed; she replied, no, he was not, for she hetird 
him out singing while she was milking. They went to his bed, and there 
he was — fast asleep. During the night, some of the family heard hard 
breathing; they arose and obtained a light, and found Isaac dying of croup; 
he lived but a short time. 

Nancy Milton Irwin, youngest child of John and Anna Irwin, was born in 
Greene County, Ohio, in 1806, and in 1831 married Thomas Twiford, and set 
tied on the farm in Union County, where her parents first located. She had one 
son and three daughters. Her son, Smyth, served in the army three years in 
the late rebellion. She died in Liberty Township, this county, of consump- 
tion, in 1871. 

William B. Irwin resided over fifty years in this county, and forty-three 
years of that time on the farm where his father, John, first settled when he was 
in his eleventh year. He erected the first frame house that was built in 
Marysville, which was for Stephen McLain. 

Joseph Stewart, a native of Maryland, settled in this township in 1807. 
John Stokes (father of Hiram Stokes), a native of Virginia, settled in 1809, 
and died October 8, 1817, aged thirty-four years. Samuel Colver, a native 
of New England, married Miss Curry, daughter of a former Treasurer of the 
State; settled near Irwin Station about 1808, and became one of the most 
enterprising and wealthy farmers of this vicinity, and at the age of seventy 
years, about 1851-52, emigrated to Oregon, where he died. Thomas Mc- 
Donald, a native of Tennessee, settled on Darby Creek, on Sui'vey 6,002; he 
married a Miss Teeters, and remained a resident here through life. Their 
children were John, who married Philomelia Miller, and removed to Cham- 
paign County, where he died; Betsy, married David Burnham, both died in 
Milford; Polly, married James Biggs, and died near Milford; Susan, married 
a Mr. Davis and removed to Dayton, Ohio, where they died; Nancy, married 
William Howard, and died in this township; Samuel, married Rachel Comer, 
and resided here till his death; James, married Adaline Stewart, he subse- 
quently emigrated to California; Charity, unmarried; George, married Roxie 
Fairfield, she died and he married Mrs. McDonald, nee Comer, and now 
resides inWoodstock; Julia, married James Biggs; and Duncan moved West. 
Mr. McDonald was an excellent neighbor and citizen, and possessed great 
honor and integrity throughout his business life. 

J. R. McDowell, a native of Pennsylvania, settled here about 1808-10. 
James Cochran, a native of Pennsylvania, settled in 1811, and died Septem- 
ber 28, 1822, aged fifty-seven years. His wife, Mary, diod July 28, 1822, 
aged fifty-one years. John Crawford, a native of Pennsylvania, and his 
wife, Margaret, with their family, came to Ohio and settled in this township 
in 1811. Their daughter, Hannah H., on the 12th of February, 1829, became 
the wife of William M. Robinson, now of Marysville, and lived to celebrate 
her golden wedding. Her death occurred in June, 1881, when she had reached 



168 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

the age of seventy-six years. She was the mothei' of ten chihiren. Her hus- 
band has been President of the Union County Pioneer Association since its 
organization. They settled in Marysville in 1844 

Charles Colver, a native of New York, settled in this township in 1S12, 
on Treacle Creek. Of his children, Standish Colver was born in New "York in 
1797, and was about fifteen years old when brought to this county. He was 
twice married; first, to Betsey Lockwood, in 1820; she died, and he married 
Lois M. Smith in 1840. By his first wife he had the following childi-en: 
Salome, who moved West; Andrew, never married; Cynthia, married William 
Winget and lived in Marysville: Harriet, married Mr. Kyle, and resides near 
Greenfield, Ohio; Abi, deceased: Jerome, died young; and Cyrus, it is be- 
lieved, also died young. By his last wife he had four children — Horace; 
Josephine, married William Snodgrass and resides near Woodstock; Abi; and 
Emma, who married a Mr. Goldsmith. Standish Colver was a millwright by 
trade, and erected several mills during his life. He died November 15, 1882, 
aged eighty -five yeai's, having resided in this township threescore and ten 
years — raore than the allotted period of man's life. Keligiously, he was a 
Universalist; as a neighbor, kind and generous, and as a citizen, worthy of and 
possessing the confidence of his entire community. 

John Parthemore, a native of Pennsylvania, came to this township and 
settled in 1812. Andrew Gill, from near Cincinnati, located about 1812. He 
came here a single man, married the Widow Cary, and settled on the Cary farm, 
where they remained residents till their death. Th'eir children were as fol- 
lows: John, died unmarried; Margaret, died unmarried; David, deceased, 
married Eleanor Piper; Jesse, married Jane Cochran, is deceased; James, be- 
came a minister of the Presbyterian Church, and married a Miss McLain (he 
served as Clerk of the Court of this county several years; finally entered the 
ministiy, laboring in that cause for many years; he died in Cincinnati in 
1880-81); Israel, is deceased. The above were his chldren by his previous 
wife. By his last wife, Mrs. Car}', he had two children; Mason, who married 
and resided on the home place till his death, about middle age, and one 
daughter. Mr. Andrew Gill died September 18, 1829, aged sixty-two years. 
Warren Rose, a native of New York, settled here about 1812-14; he married 
Lucy Hibbard. They had several childi'en; some died here and some moved 
away; one son died in the army in the war of the rebellion. Mr. Rose was a 
tanner by trade, which business he followed throxigh life, and was the second 
tanner in the township. Mr. Frankelberger, of whom he learned his trade, at 
Milford, and then became his successor in the business, was the first. 

Levi Phelps became u settler here about 1812-14; was one of the early 
teachers of this townshij), and a surveyor. 

Hugh and John Porter, natives of Pennsylvania, became early settlers of 
this township; the former about 1813, and the latter in 1817. The latter be- 
came Associate Judge of the county, and both were prominent, active and use- 
ful citizens. William Porter, now a resident of the north part of Union 
Township, so well and favorably known, is a son of Judge John Porter, who 
died October 31, 1838, aged sixty-one years. His wife, Susanna, died August 
14, 1824, aged forty -three years. 

Judge Robert Nelson, a native of Pennsylvania, came to this township in 
J 813, and settled on a large tract of land which he purchased on Survey 6,002. 
He married Martha Mitchell, daughter of David Mitchell, one of the early 
pioneers. They had no issue. Mr. Nelson was one of the first Commissioners 
of Union County; was a thorough, energetic, businessman, and became quite 
wealthy; was an Associate Judge several years, a most excellent man and a 
worthy citizen. In religion, a Seceder, or member of the United Presbyterian 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 171 

Church. In the latter part of his life, he retired from all active business, and 
died in Darby Township. 

William C. Piper was a native of Washington County, Penn., of Scotch - 
Irish parentage. His father was Robert Piper, who emigrated, with his brother 
James, from Ireland when both were single men. William C. was the only 
son of a family of six children, and when eight years old — in 1814— emigrated 
with the family, and came down the Ohio River to Portsmouth, Ohio, and from 
there traveled northward, through the then dense wilderness, in a wagon, 
finally reaching the southern boundary of what is now Union County, and set- 
tled on a farm on the south side of Big Darby Creek, near the east line of 
what is now Union Township. As soon as the family was settled, Robert 
Piper, in company with Joseph Dodds, who in after years became a resident of 
Marysville, returned to Portsmouth after the goods. On the homeward trip, 
Mr. Piper was taken sick and suddenly died. It was a great blow to the fam- 
ily, but they found friends, and the future brought them prosperity. William 
C. took care of the family until he arrived at manhood. In 1885, he married 
Hannah P. Gabriel, eldest daughter of Richard Gabriel, and became the father 
of seven children, of whom six survived their fathei", the mother alone being 
left to mourn his loss. Mr. Piper was for thirty-four years a Trustee of Union 
Township, and then refused to serve longer. He lived, during the whole of 
his married life, on a farm on tlie west side of Buck Creek, at its junction 
with Big Darby Creek, nearly opposite the first location of his father in 1814. 
W^illiam C. Piper was an honored, respected, intelligent and worthy citizen. 
He died May 29, 1876, aged seventy years. 

This brings us in the history of the early settlers of Union Township to 
the period of the "Post Road Settlement," between Pleasant Valley and 
Irwin Station, which was made in 1813-14. Concerning this settlement, in 
April, 1882, was published an article written by John F. Sabine, of Marysville, 
in the Marysville Tribune, from which we extract the following: "In 
giving a history of the first settlement of the southern portion of Union 
County, I will have to go back to the beginning of this centu.ry. At this time 
great inducements were held ou.t to the people of the States to form settle- 
ments in Canada East. Consequently, many persons from the neighboring 
State of Vermont went over the line, and very soon built up a flourishing and 
prosperous settlement. They remained there, prosperous and happy, until the 
year 1812, when the difficulties between the United States and Gi'eat Britain 
terminated in a war. These people, being Revolutionary soldiers, or their 
descendants, had too much of the spirit of '76 in them to take up arms against 
their countrymen, or even remain quiet spectator's of the conflict; so they re- 
solved to leave the Dominion of His Majesty George III. Accordingly, on 
the 20th of September of that year, the first installment took up their line of 
march for the far West. They were composed of the following families: 
Russell Bigelow (father of the celebrated Rev. Russell Bigelow), Moses Pat- 
rick, Asa Plummer, Joab Hoyt, Amos Hawley, Di'. Gideon Hawley, Pens and 
Joseph Walton and Nehemiah Sabine. After a tedious journey of more than 
six weeks, they arrived at Worthington. Ohio. The next summer, 1813, in 
looking for a place of permanent residence, they made choice of the Darby 
Plains, until then a barren waste, made purchases and built their cabins, 
which most of them were able to occupy late in that year or early in the next. 
One, Joseph Green, from the State of New York, was the first man to occupy 
his cabin; and for a long time it was known as the Green settlement. 

" The following year, 1814, another installment from the same place fol- 
lowed in the wake of their predecessors, and settled with us, to wit: Israel 
Lockwood, James Dockum and Stephen Jackson; also, Ephraim Keyes, Oba- 



172 HISTORY OF UNIOX COUNTY. 

diah Janes, from Vermont; Uriah Wood and Col. Jacob Fairfield, from the 
State of New York. These families constituted what was then known as the 
' Green settlement,' on the Post road in what is now known as Union Town- 
ship, xlnother, east of this, on the same road, in Darby Township, was formed 
at the same time, and was known as the 'McCloud settlement,' the two extend- 
ino- from Irwin Station to Plain City, a distance of eleven miles. This Post 
road was established during the war, for the purpose of conveying the mail 
from Worthington to Urbana, then very im wrtant towns in Central Ohio. 
There were but two intermediate post offices, Darby Creek and Dublin. The 
former was kept by James Ewing, one of the first sett ers, and was for a long 
time the only office in what is now Union County. Most of the families com- 
posing the Green settlement were very large, many of them numbering from 
ten to twelve souls. By this it can be seen that we were not destitute of ma- 
terial to receive the benefits of free schools, which were soon put into operation, 
my father being the first teacher. But sickness soon made its appearance 
among us to an alarming extent, in a short time decimating the inhabitants 
by death. This state of affairs continued for a long time, until the country 
became rid of its poisonous malaria. It is now one of the healthiest portions 
of Central Ohio. About the year J 817, another colony, from the State of 
Connecticut, settled in our immediate neighborhood, known as the ' Burnham 
and Howard settlement. ' They, together with the first settlers, helped very 
materially in forming the future character of the people of this portion of 
the county. The habits and customs of our earliest settlers differed very 
much from the latter. Intercourse and association had a powerful tendency to 
smooth down the rough points of both, and produce a similarity of character, 
so that at this day it is impossible to distinguish any difference from their 
language or address." 

Having thus given the general circumstances of the above settlement, as 
described by the pen of Mr. Sabine, we will now try to give some particulars 
of each of the above families. 

Russell Bigelow and wife had the following children: Lucy, never mar- 
ried, and died at the old homestead; Irena, married Joseph Mitchell, and died 
in Madison County; Kev. Russell, the third child, early prepared for the min- 
istry, married a Keutucky lady of name of Erwin (he became a very prominent, 
popular and eloquent minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and died at 
Columbus, Ohio); Alpheus, studied medicine and spent his life as a physician, 
he married a Miss Case, of Worthington, Ohio, and died in Delaware County; 
Dimis, Grata, Polly, Abigail and Benjamin, all died unmarried, when quite 
young, with milk sickness and malarial diseases; Anna, married Gen. William. 
B. Irwin, and died at Milford of consumption, and Eliphas, who married 
Miriam McCloud and remained a resident of this county through life; he died 
in Michigan while there on a visit, but his body was brought back and interred 
in Union Township. 

Nehemiah Sabine, married Susanna Hawkins, of Coventry, Connecticut. 
Their children were as follows: Hiram, the eldest, died of milk sickness in 
1814; Hylas, married Hannah Balderston, and died in New Orleans of con- 
sumption in 1881; Roswell, became a pi'ominent and popular physician at Ti'oy, 
Ohio, and practiced over fifty years; he married twice, his first wife was Mary 
Robinson, his second Caroline Counable; he died at Troy, of pneumonia, in 
1875; Laura, never married, and died at Marysville in 1880, aged eighty 
years; John F. , married Euphemia Clement, and resides at Marysville; he 
has now been a resident of this county a period of seventy years, and has b^en 
intimately connected with the events, growth and progress of the county from 
its early settlement to the present time; has held many important offices and 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 173 

positions of trust, which will be fully mentioned in the biog-rapbical sketch of 
Dr. Andrew Sabine in this volume; Phoebe, died at the age of eleven years; 
Asbury, married Sophia Janes; he died in 1835; his widow still survives; 
Rebecca T., married Andrew Keyes and they now reside in Marysville; Charles 
W. also became a practicing physician, and settled in Miami County, Ohio," 
where he died of consumption; and William R. , who died of consumption at 
twenty-one years of age. 

Asa Plummer, Sr. ,was the father of the following children: Joseph, who 
married Eunice Cummings, and both died in Champaign County, Ohio; Asa, 
Jr., married Malinda Backman, and died in Delaware County, Ohio; Alvin, re- 
turned to Canada and married, and subsequently removed to Illinois; Horace 
did likewise; Hannah married a Mr. Hanniman, a lawyer by profession, who 
removed to Illinois, and served his county in the Legislature several years; 
Reuben, married the youngest daughter of John Erwin, and removed to Texas, 
where they both died; Wiley, married a Miss Randall, and settled in Illinois: 
Clarinda, married Hyal Buckman, and both are residing in Illinois; Calista 
and Tallman died young, and Nelson, who removed to Illinois. Israel Lock- 
wood, Sr., was the father of tBe following children: Oliver, married Miss 
Maynard, who died on the Darby Plains; subsequently he removed AVest; 
Polly, married Benjamin Lyon, and died in Union Township; David, married 
Hannah Hand, and resided in this county till his death in the spring of 1882, 
aged ninety years; Israel, Jr., married Sally McCloud, she died and he mar- 
ried Miss Colver, he died in this county; Sallie, died young; Betsey, married 
David McCloud, he died, and she married Standish Colver, with whom she lived 
till her death; Walter, returned to Canada, married, and brought his wife to 
this county, but subsequently removed to Illinois; Rebecca, married a resident 
of WorthingtoD, Ohio, and subsequently removed West, and Frederick, who 
died young. 

Moses Patrick married Clarissa Geer, and had the following children: 
Harriet, married Samuel Rice, Jr.; he subsequently united with the Shakers, 
but she remained a resident of this county most of the time till her death; 
John, married Lydia Geer, of Canada, and remained a resident of this county 
till his death; Ira, married Laura Tarpenning, and died in this county; he was 
a man of fine intellect, and more than ordinary ability; Levi, married a Miss 
Tucker, and subt5equently removed West. Moses Patrick and wife remained 
residents here till their death. 

Dr. Gideon Hawley was, perhaps, the first physician in Union County; he 
married Rebecca Townsend, and subsequently moved West, v/here he died, and 
his widow returned to her friends in Canada. They had two sons; the youngest 
was named Micajah; both removed to the West. 

Peris Walton married Miss Hannah Glazier; he died in this county; she 
subsequently died in Allen County, Ohio. Their children were as follows: 
Hannah, who died unmarried; John, married and moved West; Sallie, married 
Mr. Patterson; she died in this county, and he moved away a few years after- 
ward; Maria, the youngest, removed with her mother to Allen County, 
Ohio. 

James Dockum, Sr., was the father of the following children: WillTam, 
married Miss Nancy Jones, and settled on Barron Run, Madison County, where 
he died; Sallie, mari'ied Mason Jones, and removed to Madison County, where 
she died; James, Jr., was twice married, first to Phebe Jones, second to Betsey 
Clement, and died in this township; Elijah, died young, unmarried; John, 
died young; Boardman, married a Miss Wallace, and died in Madison County; 
Ira, died young; Polly, married Allen Jones and moved West, and Arvilla, 
who died young. 



174 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Stephen Jackson, Sr., a Revolutionary soldier, was one of the " minute - 
men " at the battle of Lexington, Mass. , and one who followed the 
British in Boston. He continued in the service of tlie Colonies through the 
war, and was a man of more than ordinary energy, ability and attainments, for 
that early day. He married Hannah Hawley. Their children were as follows: 
Stephen, Jr., married a Miss Atsit, and removed to Cincinnati, where they 
died; James married Margaret Whelpley; he now resides near Elyria, Ohio, 
aged ninety years: Amos was pressed into the British service in Canada, was 
taken prisoner by the Americans, and soon after came to his parents in this 
county, where he married Rachel Goodenough, and now lives at West Liberty, 
aged eighty- eight years; Hiram, married Abbey Cooley, she died and he went 
to the Mormons; Truman, married a lady from near Elyria, Ohio; she died, 
and he subsequently married a Mormon lady, and made his home with that 
people; and Sophronia removed to Logan County, Ohio, where she married. 

Joseph Walton married a Miss Gilbert. His children were Olive and 
Rebecca. The family early removed to Allen County, Ohio. 

Joseph Green, a native of New York, married the widow Hamond, and 
settled as stated above, being the first settler to enter his cabin. He died the 
next year after locating here. His children were James, Samuel and 
Phoebe. 

Uriah AVood, a native of Vermont or New Hampshire, married Dimis 
Bigelow, and died in the settlement. Their children were Ira, who became a 
practicing physician, and married Margaret Hawley, at New Philadelphia, 
Ohio, and finally settled at Marysville, where he practiced till his death; he 
died of milk sickness. Their children were Michael S., who married Eliza 
Thayer and died in Marysville; Polly, married Prince Alden; she is deceased; 
he now resides at Mechanicsburg, 

Obadiah James, a native of Vermont, was the father of the following chil- 
dren: Jabez, died, unmarried, during the first year of their settlement; Oliver, 
married Hannah Clement, and subsequently removed to Cleveland, where he 
dealt largely in real estate and died quite wealthy, possessed of at least half 
a million; Naomi, mai'ried W^illiam Mitchell and removed to the Western Re- 
serve, where she died; Laura, who died at Cleveland, unmarried; Alonzo, re- 
moved to Cleveland, and there married and resided till his death; John, died 
young; Sophia, married Asbury Sabine, and is now residing in Portage County 
with her daughter, the only surviving one of the family; Lucretia, married 
Solomon Dunt'^n, who was a Methodist minister, and removed to Iowa, where 
she died, and Harris, married a lady of Portage County, and died in this town- 
ship. 

Ephraim Keyes was a native of New Hampshire; his father was a native 
of Connecticut. He married Esther Rogers, and was the father of the follow- 
ing children: Loren, married Lydia Morse and died near Chuckery; Daniel, 
married Miss Betsey Carr; she died near Chuckery, and he married again and 
removed to Marion County, Ohio, where he died; Andrew, married Rebecca 
T. Sabine, and now resides in Marysville; Elias, married Mary Neal and sub- 
sequently removed to Mechanicsburg, where he died; Harriet died young, and 
William and John removed to the South, where thev died. Ephraim Keyes 
died in 1822. 

George Brown, a native of Rhode Island, settled at Milford about 1820, 
while a young, single man, and opened a general store. Soon after, he re- 
turned to his native State, and married a Miss Cai'penter and brought her to 
his new home in Union County. He was a man of energy and good business 
ability, and without doubt would have become a leading man of this commun- 
ity, but he was early cut off by dealh. His store was the first of any impor- 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 175 

tance in Milford. They had one child, which died in early childhood. Sub- 
sequently, his widow married Harvey Hovey. He was killed by being thrown 
from a horse, and she then married Harvey Burnham. By her last husband 
she had four childi'en— Mary, George B., Henry and Martha. 

Joseph Kennedy, a native of Pennsylvania, emigrated to Ohio with his 
wife and three sons — Hezekiah, John and Oliver — in 1805, and settled on the 
present site of Milford Center, Union County. John, the second son, was the 
father of Joseph M. Kennedy, now of Marysville. He was married in 1828, 
and moved immediately to Pike Township, Madison County, where his death 
occurred June 4, 1864 Joseph Kennedy, Sr., died at his home in Milford 
about 1831-32. His children born in Ohio were James, Ellen, Eliza, Othias, 
Joseph and William — all in Union Township. Most of them spent their lives 
in this county, and but one — Othias — is now known to be living, his residence 
being at Collingwood, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio. William died at Bellefontaine in 
1862, having been for many years a resident of Logan County. He was the 
father of Hon. Robert P. Kennedy, now of Bellefontaine. 

John and James Coolidge, natives of New York or New England, settled 
on the Big Darby, one mile noi'thwest of Milford, on Survey 4,277, and re- 
mained residents here till their deaths. The former was a farmer, and James 
a farmer and blacksmith. They were men of character and integrity, and good 
citizens. Some. of their descendants still reside in the county. 

Samuel Galloway was born in Massachusetts, but removed to New York 
while young and there married Miss Achsa Witter, a native of Connecticut. 
In 1814, he removed with his family to Ohio, and settled in Union Township, 
on the place where A. A. W^oodworth now lives, and erected a log cabin on the 
site where Mr. Woodworth's house now stands. Soon after locating, Avhile 
hunting, he shot a deer, and thinking the animal dead he walked up to it with 
knife in hand to cut its throat, when the deer sprang up, pushed his horn into 
his chest and tore out some of his lungs; and there he and the deer were both 
found in the evening, the latter dead, and Mr. Galloway so weak he could not 
get home. They carried him home, and h?) finally recovered, so as to preach — 
as he was a minister in the Christian Church — but he never became able to 
perform hard manual labor after the injury. He made a journey to New York 
State, and returned. While absent on a second journey to that State, he was 
taken sick and died in 1820-21 from the effects of the wound made by the 
deer. He left eight children, four of whom were born in New York State and 
four in Union Township, viz.: Amanda, John, Samuel and James R. in New 
York; Sabrah, Elijah, Joshua and Joseph in this township. Mrs. Galloway re- 
mained here with her family till about 1822, when, becoming fascinated with 
Shakerism, she removed to their settlement in Warren County, Ohio, where 
she and her daughter Sabrah remained through life. But prior to their death, 
the other children all became dissatisfied, left the Shakers, and all married and 
settled in life. Amanda married David Wright; he died in Iowa, and his 
widow now resides in Kansas with her children. John married Matilda Cox, 
and died in Champaign County, Ohio, from a fall from a tree. Samuel mar- 
ried Prudence Babbitt, and resides in Indiana. James R. married Harriet B. 
Miller, and resides at Milford Center. Elijah married Sarah Jane Beatty, and 
resides in Iowa. Joshua married, and lives in Illinois; and Joseph married 
Mary Moran, and they now reside in Illinois. Samuel Galloway was a man of 
excellent character, and was a much esteemed and respected citizen; all his 
children now living are walking in his footsteps, living lives of usefulness, and 
doing honor to their ancestor. 

James C. Miller was born December 14, 1797, in the State of New York. 
In 1814, he came to Ohio, with his uncle, Samuel Colver, and settled in this 



176 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

township, on the si'-e of Irwin Station, where he remained with his nncle a 
few years; he then learned the carpenter trade, also the cabinet-makinpj busi- 
ness. During his apprenticeship, when about twenty years of age, he went to 
Kentucky, and worked at his l-rade about eighteen months; thence retui-ned to 
this township, and here continued at his trade. In 1821, he married Selinda 
Burnham, daughter of Eliphas Burnham; by her he had seven children — Har- 
riet, who married James K. Galloway, a resident of Milford; Eliphas, mariied 
Ellen Vanness, and i-emoved to Missouri in 1865, returned in 1869, and died 
in the spring of 1882; James, married Emaline Burnham, and resides near 
Mechanicsburg; Zelenda, married Lemuel McGrew, and resides in Delaware, 
Ohio; Lydia Ann, married David Clement, and resides at Marysville; William 
H. Harrison, who was twice married, first to Sarah Vanness, second to Sarah 
Smith, and now resides in Milford; Rebecca, married Gwynn Irwin; she now 
resides near Mechanicsburg. Mr. Miller has followed his trade, in connection 
with farming, through life. In 1865, he removed to Missouri, and in 1869 
returned to this township, where, with this exception, he has spent sixty-eight 
years of his life. He was eighty-five years of age when the vnriter called to 
see him; he found him at his bench shoving the plane, and he remarked that 
he enjoyed as good health as he ever did in his life. 

Joel Frankelberger, who became a settler at Milford about 1812-14, was 
the first tanner of the township, and perhaps the first in the county. He also 
served as Clerk of the first Board of Commissioners of Union County, and 
filled several offices of his township. About 1814-15, there came and settled 
in this township a large number of families, among whom were Samuel Rice 
and family, Jacob Fairfield, Harvey Hovey, John A. Moody, Roger Moody, 
Jeremiah Dee, Ebenezer Mathers, Linder Saunders, Joseph Mathers, Robert 
Branson, Mr. Dunton, Mr. Lyon, George A. Scott and John Mathers; the lat- 
ter settled at Milford, and at his house was held the first election of the town- 
ship, and several succeeding elections. James Guy, a native of Vermont, was 
born in 1795-96, and married Mary Watts. When young — about 1812 — he 
settled in this township, where he resided till 1826. Removing with his fam- 
ily to Madison County, he resided there till his death, which occurred the same 
year — 1826. His wife died in 1843. They had the following children: 
William, Harriet, Jane, Sylvia and James. Mr. Guy, when young, learned 
the blacksmith's trade, but after settling in life he gave his attention to farmr 
ing, stock-raising and the dairy business. He was a very industrious man, a 
kind neighbor and most woi'thy citizen. 

Otis Green, a native of Rhode Island, settled at Milford about 1815-16, 
and is believed to be the second one to open a store in that village, remaining 
in business but a short time till he died. 

Dr. Daniel Bowen, a native of Vermont, settled at Milford about 1815, 
and was the first physician of that town, and a popular and successful man in 
his profession. He died December 12, 1825. aged forty year's. 

Benjamin Harrington, a native of Rhode Island, emigrated to this county 
and township in 1817. He married Betsey Rice, by whom he had the follow- 
ing children: David, who married, settled and died in this county; Nelson, 
lives in Liberty Township; Louisa, married John Locke, both deceased; 
Polly, married Mr. Holycross, now deceased; and Olive, married twice, first a 
Mr. Shirk, who died, and second a Mr. Reed; they now reside in Kansas. 
Mr. Harrington was a good citizen, and an active man in the Christian Church. 
He died November 25, 1843, and his wife August 15, 1870. 

About 1817-18. a large number of families settled here, among whom 
were Asahel A. Woodworth, a native of Connecticut, who came here with his 
uncle, Mr. Burnham, Avho settled in Chanipaign County, near the Union 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 177 

County line. With him he lived till he married, and purchased and settled on 
the farm where he has since resided. He is an honest and respected citizen. 

Nicholas Hathaway, a native of Massachusetts, married Miss Pierce and 
settled on Treacle Creek, this township, purchasing several hundred acres of 
land, where he resided till his death. He was a physician, but desired to 
retire from practice, yet his friends wished his professional services and would 
not give him up; so, to some extent, he continued his practice thi-ough life. 
He was a man of great ability and merit, served the people of this county in 
the Legislature, and was one of the Associate Judges. He was an uncom- 
promising Jacksonian Democrat, yet faithful to his constituents. He died 
August 24, 1848, aged seventy-six years. His wife died in 1826, and he mar- 
ried again, by which union he had one child, Anna, now the wife of J. H. 
Gillespie. By his first wife he had seven children — Elnathan, Leonora and 
Rounceful, all now deceased; Joanna, uow a resident of West Mansfield, Ohio; 
Catharine and Blias, deceased; and Ebenezer, who died in California. 

William Gorton, a native of Rhode Island, settled in the west jDart of this 
township, where William Webb now resides, in 1817. He was a very peculiar 
man, and noted as a horse trader. He had two children, Benjamin (deceased) 
and Mary. Mr. Gorton died on the place where he first settled. 

Jacob Burnham, a native of Connecticut, settled in this township in 1817, 
residing here till his death, April 23, 1866. He married Eliza Meecham, by 
whom he had the following children: Nicholas, who married Emiline Hop- 
kins; Eliza, married Simeon Fairchild, he died and she is now a widow and 
resides at Woodstock; Hiram, married Jane Reed, and resides on the home- 
stead place, and Albert, deceased. 

Eliphas Burnham, brother of Jacob Burnham, married Lydia Meecham, 
and resided through life on the same place with his brother Jacob. He was 
the father of the following children: Betsey, who married George Thomas, 
and resides in Champaign County; Harvey, married Mary Shields and resides 
at Irwin; Andrew, was twice married, first to Virginia Crawford, second to 
Nancy Amy, and resides in Champaign County; Marcia, married George 
Morse, and also resides in Champaign County; Ralph, married Martha Green; 
Dorcas, deceased; Lucas, died in the army, and Jared, who died unmarried. 
Mr. Burnham died February 11, 1881. Both Jacob and Eliphas Burnham 
were excellent citizens, much esteemed and respected by a large circle of ac- 
quaintances. 

George Woodward, a native of Kentucky, settled hex'e with his wife, 
Lydia, about 1819. He became fanatical on religion, united with the Shakers, 
and removed to Warren County, Ohio, where he died in 1828. His children 
were Lucy and George. After his death, his wife and her children went to the 
Shakers. Mr. W^oodward was a man of good character and integrity. 

George Fullington was born in Vermont in 1775, and married Rebecca 
Greeley. They emigrated to Ohio, and settled in this township in 1813, where 
they resided about eight years, thence removed to Madison County, and resided 
there till his death in 1885. His wife survived him many years. Their chil- 
dren were as follows: Sarah, married Alfred Carpenter, and moved to Illinois, 
where she died; Moses, married Harriet Guy, and settled on the old home 
place in this township, where he died; Clarriet, married William Guy, she 
died in 1827; Jefferson, moved to Illinois, where he married Eleanor English, 
and there resided till his death (liis body was brought home and interred in 
the Guy Cemetery, in Madison County); Adelaide became the second wife of 
William Guy; Mary, married Truman Kimball, and raised a family of ten 
children; she is now deceased; Abigail, married Charles Phellis, Esq., is de- 
ceased; and Selina married John Burnham, and now resides at Mechanicsburg. 



178 HISTORY OF UNION" COUNTY. 

Mr. Fullington was a carpenter and joiner by trade, and although he worked 
some at his trade after he settled in Ohio, yet he gave his principal attention 
to fai^ming and stock-raising, in which he became largely engaged. He was 
a man of character and integi-ity, and a much esteemed and respected citizen. 

Nathaniel Kazer, a native of Rhode Island, settled at Milford, in this 
township, about 1817, and it is believed was the first hotel keeper in the town; 
also, it is said that the first court in Union County was held in one room of 
his house. Mr Kazer lived and died here; had one son, Lathrop, who mar- 
ried a daughter of David McCloud and moved away; is now deceased. 

Christopher Cranston, who died November 8, 1858, aged fifly-five years, 
settled with his father on Treacle Creek about 1818. or possibly one or two 
years earlier. 

Levi Churchill, a native of New England, settled on the Plains, on Sui'- 
vey No. 7,789, about 1817, where he remained a resident several years; thence 
removed to Marjsville, and subsequently to the West. He was a good citizen, 
and it is said made the brick for the old court house in Marysville. 

Elisha Reynolds, a native of New York, married Miss Witter, and settled 
in this township, on Survey No. 7,789, about 1817. He became a large land 
owner, and a prominent trader in both stock and merchandise. His children 
were Sarah, deceased; Elizabeth, married a Mr. Potter, of Delaware, and died 
in the summer of 1882, aged ninety years; Polly, married James Irwin, both 
deceased; Immer, deceased; Ira, mai'ried a Miss Chapman, of Worthington, 
Ohio; he died November 24, 1880; Hi la. married Asahel A. Woodworth; and 
Lewis, married a Miss Burnham and resides in Marysville. Mr. Reynolds 
served two terms as County Treasurer. He died February 10, 1843, aged 
sixty-four years. 

Nathan Burlingame, a native of Massachusetts, settled about two miles 
south of Milford, on Survey 7,789, about 1818-19. He was a man of marked 
ability; a New Light preacher, he became an enthusiast on religious matters, 
and finally united with the Shakers, but remained with them only a short time. 
He returned to Massachusetts, and there became cjuite prominent in the polit- 
ical matters of the times, and represented his county in the Legislature two 
or three terms. 

Ray G. Morse, a native of Providence, Rhode Island, born in 1808. In 
1818, he emigrated with his father to Ohio, the journey occupying forty-nine 
days. They located first at Milford, there then being one log cabin and a 
small log mill in the tov/n. The cabin was in the brush, on the site of what is 
now Garwood's store. There was then not a clearing on the route between 
here and Delaware. Mr. Morse stated, at the first pioneer meeting, that the 
first slate he ever had he purchased with rabbit skins. He served a five years' 
apprenticeship at blacksmi thing. At one time he had sold muskrat skins 
enough to realize the sum of 75 cents, and then expended the whole in treat- 
ing twenty-eight persons to apple-jack. In those times, everybody drank ap- 
ple-jack. He once killed two deer at one shot, and had killed five in a day. 
Once he was at an Indian camp, and saw an Indian doctor cure a person who 
had been bitten by a rattlesnake. 

Martin Ballou, a native of Rhode Island, emigrated to Ohio in 1819, set- 
tled in Union Township, lived on the farm he first purchased for fifty years, 
and died November 25, 1869, at the residence of his daughter, Mrs. Eliza 
Witter (the old homestead) He voted at every Presidential election after 
Washington retired from office, and cast his last vote in October, 18G9. He 
was an ardent Whig and Republican, a liberal suppoi'ter of educational and 
religious institutions, and a man much esteemed. He was eighty-nine years of 
age at the time of his death. 



^ 



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t^'U'i-.ift'T'-l^ 



l^4^in^ 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 181 

John Mitchell, Jr., emigrated from Cumberland County, Penn., to High- 
land County, Ohio, in 1818, and five years later — 1823 — removed to Union 
County* 

Stephen and Jesse Bagley, natives of Rhode Island, settled at Milford 
about 1816-18. Edward and Anthony Moran, natives of Connecticut, settled 
in this township about 1819. Benjamin Hopkins, a native of Pennsylvania, 
settled here about 1821. Joseph Gibson, from Pennsylvania, settled about 
1827. Michael Davis also came from Pennsylvania in 1829, and in the same 
year Elijah Witter, from New York. The above constitutes the greater por- 
tion of tho early settlers of Union Township. 

The following is a quotation from the writings of the worthy old pioneer, 
Eliphas Burnham, which portrays early times, and which may give future gen- 
erations some knowledge of the lives of their forefathers. 

Mr. Burnham writes : " When I came to Union Township there were a 
set of religious fanatics in Rice City, who were called Farnhamites, Douglas 
Farnham being their leader. They generally had preaching on Sunday, un- 
less Farnham was away. They held night and sometimes day meetings 
through the week; some of them were quiet, social prayer meetings, some for 
confessing their sins, and some for hugging and kissing each other. The ma- 
jority of their confessions would look decidedly bad in print. I attended their 
meetings occasionally, not expecting to be benefited, but out of curiosity. I 
will relate an incident that took place at one of their meetings I attended 
at the log schoolhouse, where the brick meeting house now stands, on the pike 
from Milford to Irwin, as I became personally interested in the proceedings. 
There was no preaching; they occupied their time in singing, prayer and ex- 
horting, till finally one of the sisters had a revelation from the Lord (so she 
said), to deliver a short exhortation, and to hug and kiss each and every in- 
dividual in the house; and she proceeded forthwith to obey the command. 
She began at the end of one of the slab benches, gave the exhortation, the hug 
and the kiss, then took the next, and so on in rotation. She had to perform on 
fifteen or twenty before my turn would come, so that I had ample time to de- 
cide how to act, and the decision was that I would resist; not because I was 
averse to embracing a female, or to a kiss either; on the contrary, I rather 
liked it — indeed was fond of it on all proper occasions, as young men always 
are, but there was nothing especially charming or fascinating in this one. 
When my time came, she delivered the exhortation, and then raised her hands 
to come round for the hug. I took her by the wrists — my arms were then 
pretty strong, and I had a powerful grip in my hands — and gave the wrists the 
full benefit of all the strength there was in them. Her countenance changed 
instantly, and she said, ' What! don't you want to go to heaven? ' I replied 
that I was in hopes to get there some time, but did not believe I should get 
there any sooner for letting her hug and kiss me. The grip was kept on the 
wrists till I was satisfied she would not make a second effort; then I let her 
go, and she took her seat without a word. I was rallied by the boys and girls 
a good many times on account of the adventure, but it passed away in time, 
and so did the fanatics." 

Again we quote from Mr. Burnham: " When we settled here, the terri- 
tory of Union Township belonged to Madison County. I went to London in 
the fall of 1819, to a regimental muster, and we had a jolly time mustering. 
The boys were from a good many different States; some of their idioms sounded 
very odd and funny. In the winter of 1819-20, Union County was setoff, and 
when the log jail was raised I carried up one of the corners. 



* Mr Mitchell kept a hatter's shop for many years in Milford Ceutre. He removed to Marysville in the spring 
of 1882, and died soon after. 

I I 



182 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

" Marysvillft had at that time but few cabins in it; in fact, it was but just 
out of the wilderness — and now what a contrast! ***** 
The most of the territory of the county at that time was certainly a wilderness 
— and now what a change; it really does one good, who can appreciate the dif- 
ference, to ride over the county now, and look at the fine farms on every hand, 
and the splendid dwelling-houses on them, and the gravel roads. * * 

* * ' Uncle William Porter tells me that only the southern portion of 
Union Township belonged to Madison County, and that Milford belonged to 
Delaware County, and I presume he is correct, but if so, our company mus- 
tered in Delaware County in 1819, for I remember well that our company in 
May, and again in Septet aber, mustei-ed in Milford, and when we were dis- 
missed we were ordered by our Captain, David Comer, to meet in London on 
the day of the regimental muster. The early settlers of our township were 
subjected to some privations; but. on the whole, I don't think we have ever 
enjoyed life better since than we did the first ten years after we came here; for 
myself, I am sure that I have never enjoyed life better since. We had but 
little money, but we managed to get along Avell enough without it; we could 
get but little for our surplus, and some articles we had to buy were very cost- 
ly; for instance, wo paid for a barrel of salt, in the fall of 1818, after we 
arrived in Rice City, eighteen silver dollars. Jacob Hazle had taken 
a load of wheat to the lake, and exchanged it for salt. You 
may he sure that barrel of salt was carefully husbanded; one year 
from that time, we could buy for just half that. A great source 
of annoyance to us was the distance to the post office. There were none 
nearer than Urbana or Plain City. In this neighborhood; we went toUrbana. 
However, we soon managed matters better than to go there every week for our 
mail; foiu-teen of us clubbed together to get the Urbana paper, which was four 
cents a copy. We drew numbers, and number one went to Urbana. paid 56 
cents for fourteen copies, and distributed them. Number two did the same, 
and so on. Once in every fourteen weeks, each one had to get the papers and 
distribute them, and the next thirteen weeks they were delivered at the door 
free of cost. We went on thus for about two years, more or less, when a post 
office was established in Milford. We felt like having a jollification over it. 

" We had no fruit, except the native plum; they were generally abundant, 
but did not last long. But in a few years we began to have peaches, and in 
a few more years apples, and we enjoyed them all the better for having been 
deprived of them for awhile. For about fifteen years peaches were a very sure 
crop, more so than apples are now. As I have said, we handled but very little 
money, and sometimes it was pretty hard scratching to get enough to pay our 
taxes, though they were not much compared to what they are now. I recol- 
lect one fall, I had failed to pay my taxes in time, and it made a lasting im- 
pression on my mind. It was the only time that I ever failed to pay my taxes 
in season. I had but few hogs that fall, and sold them for $1.25, net weight, 
just equal to $1 per hundred on foot, and I had a sale note out, which was 
due, and it took all the money to pay the note. I had nothing left to make 
the money out of to pay my taxes, except three yearling steei's, and there were 
no buyers; so it went on till about the lOth or l2th of January, when I heard 
that Elisha Reynolds (ex-Treasurer E. L. Reynolds' father) was buying steers. 
I went to see him immediately; he said he would come over the next morning 
and look at them, and buy them if I would take what they were worth. AVhen 
he saw them, he said that he would give me $8.50 a head for them, if I would 
drive them over; he said he had not paid but $3 for any, but they were better 
than any he had bought. I drove them over, got the money, $10.50, paid the 
taxes, $8, and had $2.50 left, and I don't think I have ever felt richer since. 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 183 

I did not owe any person a dime, and had $2.50 in my pocket; and, as the 
Irishman said, 'What more did I want?' I have never failed to pay my taxes 
in good time since. 

"I have assessed the chattel property of Union Township thirty-two years, 
and I never failed once to return the assessment to the Auditor's office in good 
time. The Commisioners never had to adjourn the Board of Equalization 
because I had not made my returns. There were one or two years that I had 
to hurry things a little more than 1 liked, in consequence of the delay in get- 
ting blanks " 

SCHOOLS. 

The class of people who first settled in Union Township were energetic, 
enterprising men and women, and, as has already been stated, many of them 
had large families, the younger members of which needed to be educated and 
fitted for the duties of a new country. State and church demanded men of in- 
telligence and education; counties and townships were to be organized, laws 
enacted, and churches instituted, for the regulation and protection of the peo- 
ple who were so rapidly filling up this wilderness of a country, possessed of 
untold wealth of soil. The old, gray headed sires must soon pass from the 
field of action; and especially was this true here, under the hardships of 
pioneer life, and the fatality which existed from malaria, milk sickness and 
other prevailing diseases; and the rising generation must be fitted to assume 
the duties soon to devolve upon them. Mauy of the fathers had come from 
New England, the land of schools and colleges, and they knew and appreciated 
the value of education. Hence, from such a class of settlers we might expect 
just what was the case — early establishment of schools and institutions of 
learning. Just what year the first school was started is at this distant day 
difficult to ascertain. But it is believed that in the Reed settlement a school 
was taught as early as 1806-08. Of course here, as elsewhere, the first schools 
were individual, or subscription schools. The first building erected for school 
purposes was a round-log cabin of the most jh"imitive kind — chinked and 
daubed — with puncheon floor, slab benches and greased paper windows. This 
house was succeeded by another log one, and this, again, by a good, comfort- 
able, hewed- log building, which served the people for many years. Some of 
the first teachers were David Chapman, Jeptha Peasely, Balph Phelps and 
Thomas Cratty. 

It is probable that the next school started was in the " Green settlement," 
on the post road. The first school taught here was by Nehemiah Sabine, in the 
winter of 1814. Mr. Sabine died before completing his labors in the school, 
and his son, Hiram, taught the remainder of the term. Other teachers, who 
followed Mr. Sabine, wei-e Henry Mathews, Levi Phelps and William Burn- 
ham. This settlement was made up of New England people, and they estab- 
lished the first free school in the township. As the settlements increase 
these early schools were multiplied, until, in the spring of 1826, the township 
was officially divided into school districts, as follows: 

" On March 24, 1826, the Trustees o^ Union Township met for the pur- 
pose of dividing the township into school districts, and have divided the town- 
ship into six districts: No. 1, embraced the following heads of families: 
William Gabriel, Sylvester Phelps, William Porter, John Mitchel, Samuel 
Jamison, B. H. Lathrop, Elias Robinson, Harvey Burnham, Nathaniel Kazer^ 
James Riddle, Jacob Fairfield, David Burnham, Nancy Bowen, Warren Rose, 
Hezekiah Kennedy, Edward Moran, William Impson, Richard Gabriel, John 
F. Gabriel, William Gabriel, Sr.. George Reed, Alden Andrews, Edward Holy- 
cross, Daniel Andrews, Robert Johnson, William Snodgrass, David C. Winget, 
Jason Rice, Reuben P. Mann, Samuel Kazer, Calvin W^inget and John Por- 
ter, Jr. — 32 families. 



184 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

" No. 2, James Robinson, Hugh Porter, Samuel Reed, John Holycross, 
Widow Wood, John Porter, Robert Suodgrass, Andrew Gill, Thomas Reed, 
James Reed, James Snodgrass, John Parthemore, Robert Snodgrass, Jr., 
Roger Moody, Jacob Parthemore, Samuel Reed (1st), John Kent, Widow Craw- 
ford, John Moody and H 20 families. 

" No. 3, Samuel Reed, David Witter, Benjamin Harrington, George 
Woodward, Jonathan Locke, Widow Kinion, Caleb Morse, John Irwin, Esq., 
Benjamin Hopkins, Benjamin Lyon, Elisha Reynolds, J. C. Miller, Moses 
Fullington, Asa Plummer, Thomas Dunton, Joseph Plummer, Jeremiah Dee, 
John Williams and Samuel Colver — 19 families. 

" No. 4, Alexander Reed, Margaret Reed, Mrs Hibbard, James Coolidge, 
Thomas McDonald, John Coolidge, Henry Vangordon, Vandever Reed, Mary 
Peters, Eleanor Stewart, Increas Mather, Daniel Alden, Jonathan Beerwelj, S. 
Mather, John Furrow, David Furrow, John P. Reed and Alford Hale — 18 
faniilies. 

" No. 5, Samuel T. Hovey, Luther Wood, Nicholas Hathaway, Widow 
Comer, Eliphas Burnham, Jacob Burnham, William Gorton, Benjamin Gorton, 
Martin Balou, John Locke, David Harrington, Rhoda Stokes, William Doug- 
lass, E. Martin, J. Vest, J Cohorn, C. Bates, J. Locke, J. Dee, and J. Mc- 
Laughlin- -20 families. 

" No. 6, Joseph Morse, John Kennedy, Widow Dodge, L. Tarpenning, P. 
Tarpenning, Michael S. Wood, Uriah Wood, Russell Bigelow, Eliphas Bige- 
low, Susanna Sabine, Harriet Rice, Stephen Jackson, Joseph Whelpley, James 
Jackson, Moses Patrick, Widow Walton, William Irwin and Charles Rej^nolds 
— 20 families. The schools were now thoroughly established with each and 
every district clearly defined. These districts have since been changed, per- 
haps several times, and their number increased, until the township is now 
divided into ten sub-school districts, as follows, with the enumeration of 
1882: 

' @ Subdistrict No. 1 — Males, 65; females, 49; total, 114, Avhite. Subdistrict 
No. 2 — Males, 31; females, 35; total, 66, white. Subdistrict No. 3 — Males, 
17; females, 14; total, 31, white. Subdistrict No, 4 — Males, 12; females, 8; 
total, 20, white. Subdistrict No. 5 — Males, 7; females, 8; total, 15, white. 
Subdistrict No. 6 — Males. 10; females, 9; total, 19, white. Subdistrict No. 7, 
Males, 10; females, 17; total, 27, white. Subdistrict No. 8 — Males, 35; 
females, 32; total, 67, white. Subdistrict No. 9 — Males, 31; females, 30; 
total, 61, white. Subdistrict No. 10 — Males, 12; females, 10; total, 22, 
white. Total males, 230: total females, 212; grand total, 442. 

There are 14 male and 6 female colored children; making a total number 
of 462 children. 

The ten schoolhouses contain fourteen rooms. Average wages of teachers: 
Males, $44; females, $31. 

Average number of weeks schools are in session, 25. 

Total valuation of school property, $21,300. 

REPORT OP BOARD OF EDUCATION. 

Balance on hand September 1, 1881 $ 3,630 10 

State tax 693 00 

Irreducible school funds 45 20 

Township tax for schools, and schoolhouse purposes 7,664 73 

Amount received from sale of bonds ^..'jOO 36 

Fines, licenses, tuition of non-resident pupils, etc 153 57 

Total $14,685 96 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 185 

EXPENDITURES. 

Whole amount paid teachers in common schools $ 4,275 00 

Whole amount paid for fuel and other contingent expenses. . 5,772 88 

Total $10,047 88 

Balance on hand September 1, 1882 $ 4,688 08 

In 1880-81, there was erected at Milford Center a large brick schoolhouse, 
with slate roof, containing four rooms, and nicely furnished throughout, at a 
cost of about $10,000. Three teachers are here employed, occupying three 
rooms; the fourth room being reserved for a high school. Also, at Irwin, a 
line brick house, with slate roof, has been erected, in gothic style, finely fur- 
nished, and costing over |6,000. 

RELIGIOUS SOCIETIES. 

Preshyterian Church, Milford Center. — The first religious organization in 
what is now Union Township, was formed by the Presbyterians, one and one- 
half miles east of the present village of Milford Center, either late in 1807 or 
very early in 1808. It was called Upper Liberty, and was organized out of a 
portion of the materials from a former church which had been formed at North 
Liberty, in what is now Darby Township, in the fall of 1800. The formation 
of the church at Upper Liberty occiu'red at the house of Samuel Read 1st, a 
committee having been sent for the purpose by the Presbytery; said committee 
was composed of Rev. James Hoge, D. D. , and one of his Elders. Mr. Hoge 
was made [.astor of the church at Franklinton (now Columbus), Ohio, having 
been installed June 11, 1808. The original members were twenty in number, 
as follows: David and Martha Mitchell, Samuel Mitchell, Sr., and wife, 
Samuel and Jane Ivirkpatrick, Samuel Reed, 2d, and Anna, his wife, David 
and Elizabeth Carey, Robert and Jane Snodgrass, Samuel Reed 1st, and Eliza- 
beth, his wife, William and Catharine Gabriel, David and Margaret Reed, 
and the aged and widoWad mothers of Samuel Reed, Ist and 2d. Samuel 
Reed 1st and Samuel Kirkpatrick were elected Elders, and inducted into otifice. 
Rev. Samuel Woods was installed pastor June 15, 1808, and remained in that 
connection till his death, April 27, 1815, in the thirty-sixth year of his age. 
He was born in Cumberland County, Penn., January 15, 1779, and was a 
graduate of Dickinson College, at Carlisle, Penn. In 1809, this society erected 
a rude log church, twenty-four feet square, which stood at the site mentioned, 
between the road and the old burying ground. About 1822-23, an addition 
eighteen feet wide was built on one side of the old church, and the building 
as thus enlarged was used until 18o4, when a brick church was erected at Mil- 
ford Center, and the congregation removed to that place. The brick church 
was 44x50 feet in dimensions, and cost about $1,500. It was occupied until 
the fall of 1869, when the society obtained the use, for one-half the time, of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church building at Milford Center. This arrange- 
ment continued for eighteen months, during which time the old building was 
torn down, the ground cleared off and the foundation laid for the present 
commodious building. The new structure was dedicated, free from debt, 
March 26, 1871, the pastor. Rev. William G. March, being assisted in the ded- 
icatory exercises by Rev. A. E. Thomson (a former pastor) and Rev. Hugh R. 
Price, since deceased. Mr. Price preached the dedicatory sermon. The build- 
ing cost about 14,500. 

April S, 1838, after its removal from the old location, the name of the 
church was changed from Upper Liberty to Milford Center. When it was- first 
organized, it was a part of the Presbytery of Washington, Ky., which included 
all that part of Ohio west of the Scioto River. It afterward belonged to Co- 
lumbus Presbyteiy, and was made a part of Marion Presbytery in 1835, when 
the latter was constituted. Its pastors have been as follows: 



186 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Rev. Samuel Woods, 1808 to 1815. Revs. William Dickey, Archibald 
Steele, James Hoge, D. D., Elder Hughes, and some others, occasionally sup- 
plied this church until 1821, in which year Rev. James Robinson, "the ances- 
tor and kindred of a large tribe of Presbyterian Robinsons," was installed 
pastor, continuing in that relation until the fall meeting of the Columbus 
Presbytery, in 1828. He was a native of Washingtou County, Penn. . a grad- 
uate of Jefferson College, and was ordained in 1808-09. He removed to Ohio 
in 1808, and was one of the original members of Lancaster Presbytery, 
preaching the opening sermon on the day it was constituted at Lancaster, 
April 5, 1809. After filling numerous responsible positions in the State, fitted 
to his calling, he was finally taken to rest, April 22, 1847. His successor at 
Upper Liberty was Rev. Darius C. Allen, who came as a missionary to Madison 
and Union Counties in 1829, and served as stated supply of this church until 
the spring of 1831, when he removed to London, Madison County, and became 
pastor of the church at that place. Following are some extracts from his jour- 
nal, while laboring in Union County: 

" Sabbath, September 13, 1829 — Administered the Lord's Supper, in 
Upper Liberty, to about seventy-five persons. Two new members received at 
this time. The house was full; some unable to get seats. 

"September 19 — To-day, a man was thrown from his horse while running 
a race near Milford, in this county, and nearly killed. 

" September 21 — The man who was thrown from his horse on Saturday is 
still alive, but very much injured. This man is about forty-five or fifty years 
of age, and notoriously wicked. As he was mounting his horse for the race, 
he uttered a speech too shocking for repetiton. He started; his horse soon ran 
out of the path, and threw him against a tree. He was taken up nearly life- 
less. Medical aid was soon present, and, while the physician was bleeding 
him, he cursed him and inquired if he was going to kill him.* Although a pro- 
fessed Universalist, he called mightily upon the Lord for mercy. The horse 
race was on a muster day. The Lord hasten on the day when these silly, unprof- 
itable musters shall be abandoned, and when the prediction shall be fulfilled, 
' Nations shall learn war no more.' There have been several deaths by racing, 
within the bounds of my labors, in the course of a few years past. 

"October 26 — -Attended a meeting of the congregation of Upper Liberty, 
to consult about erectinor a new meeting house. They aerreed on building, 
near to Milford village, a frame hou.se, 35x45 without galleries, according to a 
plan exhibited. A subscription paper has since been drawn up, and about $200 
subscribed."]" 

"February 21, 1830 — At night, 1 preached at Milford Center., on the 
subject of Sunday schools. Pi'etty good number out. Obtained a Superintend- 
ent and two female teachers, and appointed a time for the school to com- 
mence. Perhaps a school may begin soon. Also, proposed to preach to the 
people next week on the subject of temperance, and to present to them infor- 
mation relative to the good cause, not because they are very intemperate, as a 
village, but because many of them are temperate, and are the very kind of peo 
pie who ought to co-operate in temperate movements." 

Rev. Benjamin Dolbear succeeded Mr. Allen, having been installed pastor 
of the churches of Upper and Lower Liberty in 1832. He also preached oc- 
casionally in Marysville, for two or three years. He was a native of Vermont, 
in which State he was educated, and preached for a, few years in the Congre- 
gational Church. His pastorate at Upper Liberty, or Milford Center, contin- 

* Little wonder he made the inquiry, for the aneient custom of blooding a m*a under treatment for almos 
any ill, or in case of accident, was nearly a resort to barbarism. 

+ Ai« has been seen, the house at Milford Center was not occupied until 1S34, and it was built on a larger scale 
than the one proposfd at the meeting attended by Mr. Allen. 



UNION TOWNSHIP. ' 187 

ued " till the stormy times of 1837-38, when he went with the N. S. branch, 
while the chm-ch almost unanimously adhered to the O. S. party." Mr Dol- 
bear married a daughter of Rev. Samuel Woods. His death occurred at 
Milford Center May 28, 1842, when he was but forty-two years of age. His 
successor in the pastorate of this church was Kev. William M. Galbreath, a 
native of Maryland, who was installed at Milford Center June 19, 1839, and 
at Lower Liberty October 7, 1839. His connection with the latter was dis- 
solved April 18, 1848, and with Milford Center about the same time. For 
nearly a year after he left, the pulpit was only occasionally supplied, but in 
1849, Rev. James Pelan was installed pastor; his labors continued until the 
fall of 1852. He went subseqiiently to Alabama, and from the fact that he 
was a Northerner, in the beginning of the war of the rebellion, he was in- 
humanly murdered by a gang of rebel cut-throats, at his own house. Revs. 
John Miller, of West Virginia, David Irwin, and James A. Stirrat supplied 
this church at various times until 1854, when Rev^. Chester H. Perkins, a native 
of Madison County, Ohio, became supply, and he was installed as pastor May 
31, 1855. In May, 1859, this relationship was dissolved with the view of his 
taking charge of the Delaware Female College. He subsequently ministered to 
the wants of other churches, and died October 17, 1874, in the fifty-third year 
of his age. After his removal, the church at Milford Center was supplied by 
Revs. Reuben Hahn, Andrew W. Boyd and Albert E. Thomson, the latter be- 
coming stated supply July 26, 1800, and pastor in September, 1861. He re- 
signed his charge at Milford in 1865, having been chosen Superintendent of 
the public schools at Marysville, where he was also pastor of the Presbyterian 
Church. He finally removed to Indiana, in the fall of 1874. Rev. John Fitch 
next supplied the church at Milford Center for a few months, and in October, 
1867, Rev. William G. March visited the place. He began to supply this 
place and Marysville in January, 1868, and was installed pastor of both 
churches on the 18th of June following. Mr. March was a native of Colum- 
biana County, Ohio, and a graduate of Jefferson College in 1846. He contin- 
ued as pastor of these two churches until 1878, from which date Rev. N. K. 
Crow and others served as supply ministers vmtil January 1, 1882, when Rev. 
W. H. McMeen became the pastor, and is now serving in that capacity. 

The Ruling Elders of this church, from its organization to the present, 
have been Samuel Reed 1st and Samuel Kirkpatrick, David Mitchell, Richard 
Gabriel, William Gabriel, Sr , James H. Gill. John W. Robinson, Daniel 
Coe, John Powers, William B. Irwin, John S. Irwin, James R. Snodgrass, 
Moses Coe, Dixon Mitchell, A. M. Gill, S. R. Harbert, William Porter, James 
Martin, George Reed and D. Mitchell Robinson. 

In 188] , the church was repaired, and refitted with elegant walnut pews, 
the ceilings finely frescoed, and a new pulpit and new furniture entire, placed 
in it at a cost of about $1,100. It is heated by a furnace, and is one of the 
neatest and most substantial chui'ch edifices in the county, outside of Marys- 
ville. 

Methodist Episcopal Church at Milford Center.— In 1831, Rev. Thomas 
Simms organized a class at the house of Andrew Keyes, with the following 
members: Ebenezer Mather and wife, Jason Rice and wife, Mrs. Nancy 
Bowen, Mrs. Mary Monroe, Mrs. Jane Parkison, Mrs. Patty Kennedy, and a 
few others whose names are not now remembered. They held services in pri- 
vate houses and the schoolhouse till about 1835, when money was raised by 
subscription, and a small frame house, about 36x30 ieet, was erected by An- 
drew Keyes, the same being dedicated in that year. This house served the 
people until 1863, when the present brick edifice was erected on the site of the 
old house, at a cost of about $2,400. The house was dedicated on Sunday 



188 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

morning, August 2, 1863, at which time $622 were subscribed, which paid all 
indebtedness and left money enough to inclose and ornament the grounds. 
Rev. J. Trimble preached the dedicatory sermon. This house is a good, sub 
stantial building, well finished, and has furnished the society a commodious 
and pleasant place of worship to the present time. The ministers of this 
church have been as follows: Rev. Thomas Simms, Rev. 13. D. Davidson, 
Rev. William Morrow, Rev. Michael Marley, Rev. Harvey Camp, Rev. Riley, 
Rev. Lovett Taft, Rev. Martindale. Rev. J. S. Adams, Rev. David Mann. Rev. 
G. G. West, Rev. Henry Horton, Rev. Longman, Revs. Lowe and Slocum, 
Rev. F. Lewis, Rev. Westervelt, Rev. Wolf. Rev. Charington. Rev. J. S. 
Adams, Rev. William Lewis. Rev. Callahan, Rev. Wakefield and Rev. Nay- 
lor. 

Some of the Class Leaders have been as follows: Andrew Keyes, Alexan- 
der Smith, William Stranahan, P. W. A Iden, Henry Neal, George P. Morrow, 
Dr. R. P. Mann, John Parkison, William Stage and A. J. Moore. 

First Baptist Church, Milford Center, was organized May 12, 1855, with 
the following constituent members: Elijah Witter and wife. Joseph Halte- 
man and wife, John S. Fulton and wife, Lucy A. Lucas, Horace Andrews and 
Thomas Andrews, with Elijah Witter as Deacon, and Joseph Halteman as 
Clerk. Trustees, Elijah Witter, James Simpson, Joseph Halteman and Horace 
Andrews. The following have been pastors of the church: Revs. James Simp- 
son, A. J. Wyant, H. H. Witter, Gray D. Bryant, John AVright, H. H. Dun- 
away, W. N. Bean and Rev. H. P. Clark, who is the present minister. Trust- 
ees, E. Witter, L. P. Monroe and John McClimans; Deacons, E. Witter and 
L. P. Monroe; Clerk, Eli Gabriel. In 1856, they erected their present church 
edifice. It is a good frame building, 30x40 feet, with a vestibule in front, 
8x20 feet; making the entire length -IS feet. Entire cost, about 11,600. 

Christian Church, Union Toivnship. — It is believed this church was or- 
ganized in the spring of 1818 with the following constituent members, viz. : 
Nicholas Hathaway, Elisha Reynolds, Anson Howard, Joseph Johnson, Jacob 
Burnham, Benjamin Harrington, Darius Burnham, Reuben Hammond, Alex- 
andre Mc Williams, Sophia Reynolds, Olive Howard, Lydia Johnson, Betsey 
Harrington, Lydia Sibley, Lucretia Burnham, Betsey Burnham, Betsey Ham- 
mond and Rosetta Smith. For several years, they held their services in log 
schoolhouses and at private houses, till their congregations became too large 
to be accommodated in those small houses, and they finally resolved to erect a 
house for church purposes. About 1829-30, the present brick house was 
erected, which was one of the first brick buildings in this vicinity, and it is 
believed that Elder Fuson was the first minister to preach in the new church. 
Prior to the erection of the church, several pastors administered to this people, 
among whom were Elders Isaac Kade, Isaac Walter and James Johnson. 
Since they erected the brick church, they have had the following ministers: 
Elder Fuson, and several who followed him whose names are now forgotten, 
when Elder Riley came to the charge; he was followed by Elders Grifiin, 
Stephens and Josiah Knight. Again, after the re-organization of the church 
in 1860, the ministers who succeeded in charge were Rev. John Ellis, Elders 
T, M. McWhinney, Humphrey, Herrod and Chrisman. Present membership 
is over one hundred, with Elder Dobbins as minister and William Stillings 
and Milo Kimball as Deacons. This is one of the oldest churches in the 
county, and the chux'ch edifice, which is still in tolerably good condition, is 
now over half a century old. They now have preaching twice a month, and a 
Sunday school every Sabbath. About 1874, this society having become very 
large, and many members living at and in the vicinity of INjCilford, they erected 
a frame church at that village, at a cost of about $1,800, which is occupied by 
a branch of the old church, and services are regularly held at both places. 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 191 

SECEET SOCIETY. 

Darhy Lodge, No. 636, I. 0. O. F., was instituted June 28, 1876, by- 
Joseph Dowdall, P. G. M., assisted by H. P. Gravatt, with the following 
charter members: French Garwood, James McCloud, J. T. Johnson, A. 
S. Chears, George P. Monroe, J. A. Moore, S. D. Elliott, James M. Devore, 
William Woodworth, S. B. White, J. T. Sager, Philip Coe, Robert Gaff, 

Allan Reed, G. D. Mitchell and . The following officers were elected: 

French Garwood, N. G. ; James McGloud, V. G. ; George P. Monroe, R. Sec. ; 
Allen Reed, Per. Sec; and G. D. Mitchell, Treas. The present membership 
(1882) is forty-five, with the following officers: J. N. Devoi'e, N. G. ; William 
Stillings, V. G. ; E. P. Houghton, R. Sec. ; M. L. White, Per. Sec. ; and S. 
D. Elliott, Treas. 

CEMETERIES. 

There are several very old biu-ial places in Union Township, as it was 
early settled; much sickness prevailed for many years, and the "grim messen- 
ger, " Death, was a frequent visitor in the unpretentious cabins. Perhaps one 
of the first burial places was at the Wood Cemetery, situated about one and a 
half miles east of Milford, on the north bank of the Big Darby Creek. This 
was first established as a family and neighborhood burial place, where many 
found early and premature graves. The gravestones here show burials to have 
been made as early as 1813, and it is probable there are some graves, un- 
marked, which received bodies at a much earlier date. Here rest many of the 
Woods, Reeds, Gabriels, Gills, Erwins and others of the noble and venerated 
pioneers. July 17, 1871, this piece of ground, consisting of 53 poles, owned 
by George and Josiah Reed, and 53 poles owned by Samuel Wood, making 
106 poles, was, by the above-mentioned owners, deeded to the Township Trust- 
ees, who have fenced it in with a good board fence, and, with their succes- 
sors to office, are by duty bound to see that the cemetery is kept fenced and 
carefully preserved. 

Hathaivaj Cemetery is located about two and a half miles southwest of 
Milford Center. This was donated for burial purposes by Dr. Nicholas Hatha- 
way, and he and his wives, the Hopkins family, the Connors, and some of the 
Burnhams are here interred. This is also now in care of the Trustees of the 
township, and will be preserved. 

Teetei^s or McDonald Cemetery.— This was a family burying place. It is 
situated about two miles northwest of Milford Center, and contains one-half 
acre. E. C. March now owns the farm upon which it is located. The ground 
was deeded to the Township Trustees by George McDonald, May 4, 1874, and 
is now under their care and supervision. 

Milford Center Cemetery. — This is now the principal burial ground of the 
township. It was first used as a family and neighborhood burying place in 
an early day, and was then owned by George Brown, and subsequently by H. 
Burnham. About 1828-30, the citizens of Milford and vicinity entered upon 
the work of raising money by subscription to buy the small tract of land in 
which interments had been made. This was accomplished, and it remained 
thus till about 1840. when Mr. Burnham and wife deeded 1| acres of land to 
the Trustees of the township and their successors to office for cemeteiy pur- 
poses. In 1874, the Trustees purchased 1^ acres as an addition to the above. 
March, 1882, they pui'chased about five acres more, lying on the east of the 
old cemetery, and inclosed the whole with a good fence; and laid it all out in 
lots, drives and walks. Also, in the spring of 1882, the Trustees erected a 
substantial stone vault. They have set out trees and shrubbery, and orna- 
mented the grounds till it is now a beautiful depository for the dead. 



192 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

ROADS AND PIKES. 

The citizens of Union have given liberally and even bountifully to the 
support of her schools; so it has been equally liberal in the construction of 
good gravel roads and pikes. The first great and general improvement of a 
road in Union Township was made under the superintendence of David 
Comer, in which he expended $187.50 on the road from Irwin, or the road past 
Esquire Irwin's and through Milford to the crossing of the Marysville road. 
The State Legislature had appropriated $500 to Union County for the im- 
provement of her roads; and the above amount, $] 87.50, was apportioned to 
Union Township by the County Commissioners, with the appointment of 
David Comer to expend the same. From this time forward, progress in the 
improvement of roads was quite rapid. In 187C, the following gravel roads 
were fully completed, viz. : Milford Center & Irwin, 5| miles, built in 
1867, cost $22,325.93; Milford Center & Urbana, 2f miles, built in 1S6S, 
cost $4,097.50; Marysville & Milford, 5| miles, built in 1871, cost 
$15,364.20; Irwin & Little Darby, 1| miles, built in 1871, cost $3,516.96; 
Post road, three divisions, 16| miles, built in 1873, cost $29,578.37; Milford 
& Bridgeport, 3| miles, built in 1873, cost $7,662.91; Irwin & Woodstock, 
H miles, built in 1873, cost $2,976.45: Milford & Woodstock. 3i miles, 
built in 1873, cost $4,697.92; Sabine & Bigelow, 5| miles, built in 1876, 
cost $15,560.61; Milford & Allen' Centre, 3^ miles, built in 1876, cost 
$5,303.65; John Connor Improved road, 2f miles, built in 1875, cost 
$2,752.91. Since 1876, there have been other roads graveled and improved, 
until now (1882) nearly all the leading lines are in good condition throughout 
the township. 

MILLS AND FACTOBIES. 

About 1810-12, George Heed erected a log mill, on the Big Darby, at 
Milford. Prior to the erection of this mill, there was none in the county,* 
and the people had to travel many miles to get their grinding done. This 
mill, though rude and rough, and not perfect in the execution of its work, was 
a great convenience. In 1818, it was destroyed by fire, but Mr. Reed immedi- 
ately built a frame structure on its site. Subsequently, he was succeeded by 
William Parkison and Jacob Fairfield; then it was run by Mr. Parkison and 
Standish Colver, who were succeeded by Timothy and John Elwell, who then 
erected a carding mill, and attached it to the grist mill. They were succeeded 
by John Elwell; he sold to James Reed, and he to Moore and Weller. The 
firm next became Weller & Neal, who, in 1870, erected the present mill in 
front of the old one; they were succeeded by Price & Waldron; then Waldron 
sold his interest to Price, who became sole proprietor and subsequently sold 
the property to S. D. Elliott, the present owner and proprietor. 

Mr. Reed also built a saw mill, which he operated in connection with the 
grist mill, and which has since sawed most of the lumber for this entire 
neighborhood. There have been a few other mills temporarily located in sev- 
eral {)laces in the township, which have done quite an amount of sawing for a 
limited time, but none permanent. 

In an early day, there were several distilleries built, but after a few years 
they were abandoned; these were all on a small scale, and manufactm'ed for 
family and home consumption. The principal of these were one owned and 
run by Richard Gabriel on his farm, and one built and owned by Harvey and 
David ±}urnham, near Milford. 

About 1815-16, Joel Frankelberger erected a tannery, and carried on the 
business a few years, when he sold to George Reed, who purchased it about 

*.See Chapter IV, jjcnpral hiftory. It is plainly stated by tlio old settlers of the sontheast part of the county 
that Frederick Sager's mill, near Plain City, was Imilt before Mr. Reed erected his nt Miltbrd. — P. A. D. 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 193 

1818-20 for Wan-en Rose, who continued to operate it till he became aged 
and feeble, when the tannery went out of use. For many years, this tannery 
was worked to its fullest capacity, supplying Urbana and many of the sur- 
rounding towns with line saddle skirtings and other leathers. One or two 
other tanneries have been built in the township, but only conducted business a 
.short time. 

About 1845, Childs & Colver erected a building at Milford for the manu- 
facture of tine carriages, buggies and wagons. They carried on the business 
till about 1855, when Charles Erb succeeded them. He erected a large build- 
ing attached to the old one, and continued on a large scale for many years, or 
until his death. This establishment was a great acquisition to the town of 
Milford. Since the death of Mr. Erb, the business has been continued b}^ his 
sons. They are now giving their main attention to building heavy farm 
wagons, which in quality and dui'ability are unexcelled. 

TOWNS AND VILLAGES. 

Milford, — " This town was laid out, surveyed and platted for George Reed, 
on a certain tract or parcel of land lying and being in the county of Dela- 
ware, Uaion Township, and State of Ohio, on the south side of Big Darby, 
near George Reed's mill, No. 3,010, originally entei-ed in the name of Levin 
Jones,, sold to Alexander Carr, and patented in the names of George Reed and 
Robert Grant, under a decree of a Court of Chancery had in Franklin County 
and State aforesaid. The town is composed of streets and alleys and forty 
lots, named and numbered as follows: One main street, tive i-ods wide, by the 
name of ^V' ater street, and tive cross streets, tive rods wide each. The cross 
streets named respectively, beginning near the west end of Water street, or 
first, "^.v^est street; second, London street; third. Market street; fourth. Mill 
street, and fifth, Pleasant street. The lots are tive rods wide, and eight rods 
long, containing forty square rods. The number of the lots will begin on the 
south side of Water street, and west side of Mill street, at No. 1, and in a 
westward direction to No. 2, and so on to No. 14, reaching the west extremity 
of the town, then crossing to the north side of Water street to No. 15. then 
eastward to No. 23, and across Market street, leaves a reserve to Mill street, to 
No. 24, and then to No. 31, at east end of the town, then crossing to south 
side of Water street, to No. 32, thence westward with the numbering of the 
lots to Mill street, to No. 39, opposite No. 1, the place of beginning. The 
same being acknowledged by George Reed, before Thomas McDonald, a Jus- 
tice of the Peace, on April 8, 1810, and received and recorded, April 9, 1810, 
by Joseph L. Hughs, Recorder of Delaware County; Recorded in Vol. Ill, 
pages 492 and 493. William M. Robinson, Recorder, Union County.'" 

Milford Center. — "On March 3, 1853, a meeting of the citizens of Milford 
was held at the schoolhouse, with F. Garwood, Chairman, and E. L. Reynolds, 
Secretary, for the purpose of considering the propriety of petitioning the 
County Commissioners to incorporate them as a body politic, with the author- 
ity and powers given by the State of Ohio, to incorporated villages. A peti- 
tion was made, and duly signed by F. Garwood, E. L. Reynolds, and forty- 
five other citizens, with E. L. Reynolds as agent to act in the premises for 
and in behalf of the citizens. The petition was granted, and two transcripts 
issued — one sent to the Secretary of State and the other to E. L. Reynolds, 
the agent of the citizens of Milford Center. Also, an addition byT C. Moore, 
was made to the town adjoining Lot No. 41, on the west, consisting of five 
lots, duly platted on the record at Marysville. Again, in February, 1854, an 
addition was made by Wilson Reed, containing inlots from 1 to 12, and three 
outlots on the north. William B. Irwin, Surveyor Union County." The same 
duly certified to August 10, 1800, before O. C. Kennedy, J. P. 



19Jt HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Again, on March 22, ] 866, was surveyed and laid out for Elizabeth Mann, 
widow and devisee of R. P. Mann, deceased, a third addition to the town; said 
survey being made by A. S. Mowry, Depiity Surveyor, Union County, and the 
same duly certified to and signed by said Elizabeth Mann, March 27, 1866, 
before Samuel B. Harbert, J. P. , and recorded March 28, 1866. James Smith, 
Recorder, Union County. 

It appears that after the town was incorporated in 1853, from neglect of 
the citizens to elect officials and continue their powers as a corporate body, 
they ceased to exist as such, and on August 4, 1866, were again incorporated, 
upon petition of J. J. Marsh, F. Garwood and thirty-nine other citizens, by 
the County Commissioners, James Fullington, Joseph K. Richey and John 
Cheney. 

December 5, 1866, at a meeting of the Trustees of Milford Center, it was 
ordered that there be a re-numbering of the lots of the village, which was ac- 
cordingly done. December 17. 1877, an addition to the town of Milford Cen- 
ter was made by French Garwood, embracing Outlot No, 14, in said town, and 
surveyed by A. S. Mowry, and the same acknowledged and signed by said 
French Garwood and Serepta H. Garwood, his wife, before J. G. Turner, J. 
P., and recorded January 24, 1878. George P. Robinson, Recorder, Union 
County." 

It is understood that before George Reed laid out the town of Milford, 
there was only his mill and one log house — the residence of Joseph Mathers — 
on the site. The first store was opened by George Brown. The first hotel 
was kept by Nathaniel Kazer; and it is said that in one room was held the 
first court of Union County. This tavern was situated near where Elliott's 
brick store now stands. The first blacksmith was Joseph Kennedy, and the 
first Postmaster David Burnham. Robert Branson had the first saddler shop. 
Daniel Bowen was the first physician. This town grew quite rapidly, and 
for several years was the principal trading point in the c^iunty. But after 
the county seat was located at Marysville, that town soon surpassed this in 
growth and business. 

In 1837, we find published in the Ohio Gazette, at Columbus, the follow- 
ing account of Milford: " A post town of Union County, situated near the 
center of Union Township, on the south bank of Big Darby Creek, five miles 
southwest of Marysville, thirty-two miles northwest of Columbus, twenty-two 
miles southeast of Bellefontaine, nine northeast from Mechanicsburg, eighteen 
northeast from Urban a, on mail route No. 1,616, carried on horseback once a 
week from Columbus through this place to Bellefontaine and back. The name 
of the post office is Milford Center. The town contains thirty dwelling 
houses, three stores, one tavern, one grist mill, one saw mill, one physician, 
two meeting houses — one for the Presbyterians and one for the Methodists — 
and several mechanics' shops." The town now (1882) coutains a population 
of about five hundred inhabitants, and has three general stores, four groceries, 
two drug stores, one hardware store, two milliner stores, two dress-makers, one 
grist mill, one saw mill, one carriage factory, two blacksmiths, two livery 
stables, one grain warehouse, two shoe shops, three physicians, two hotels, 
one watch-maker and jeweler, two barber .shops, four churches — Methodist, Pres- 
byterian, Baptist and Christian — and one schoolhouse, containing four 
rooms. 

Early Licenses ot Union Township: 

William Burnhp.m, dated May 15, 1820. George Brown, July 10, 1820, 
and July 11, 1821. Nathaniel Kazer, May 15, 1821. Otis Green, April 18, 
1822. George Brown, July, 1822. Nathaniel Kazer, July. 1822 and Novem- 
ber, 1823. Andrew Burnham, November 29, 1823. David Burnham, April 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 195 

21, 1824. Lanson Curtis, September 27, 1822. David and Harvey Barnham, 
October 4, 1825. Lanson Cnrtis, October 4. 1825. Benjamin Lathrop, June 
14, 1825. N. Kazer, February 25, 1825. 

Irwin Station, a village of seventy-five or one hundred people, situated 
five miles southwest of Milford Center, on the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincin- 
nati & Indianapolis Railroad, was laid out and called Irwin in honor of Mr. 
Irwin, one of the early settlers, who located near its site, and who became quite 
a prominent citizen of Union Township. Although the town was platted, yet 
it was never recorded; but it is a stirring and enterprising village, situated 
in the midst of a beautiful and rich farming country, and is an active trading 
place. The first house erected here was by James Miller; the first store was 
by John Parkison; the first blacksmith, William Phelps; the first Postmaster, 
David Clement The town now has one general store, by O. M. McAdams; 
one grain warehouse, by Messrs. Woods & Dolbear; one steam saw mill, by Mr. 
Hough; one shoe shop; one tile factory, by Anthony Moran; one blacksmith, 
Jacob Shunk; one physician. Dr. Plymell; also, a large business is done here 
in buying, pressing and shipping hay and straw, and also in buying and ship- 
ping wood. The IVIethodists at one time erected a church edifice here, but 
were unable to pay for the building, and it was sold, and is now open and free 
for all denominations. In 1880, there was erected a fine brick schoolhouse, 
consisting of two rooms, Avith slate roof, and of a highly ornamental order of 
architncture. Its cost was over $6,000. 

Homer was once quite a flourishing little village, but now nothing re- 
mains but four or five houses to show that there was ever a town existing. 
At the court house at Marysville, we find the following record : " Sui'veyed, 
October 10, 1834, for Elisha Reynolds, Surveys No. 7,789 aud 4,946, on the 
waters of Little Darby Creek, the county road running on the line between 
said surveys, being the main street, which runs nearly north and south, and 
the numbering of lots beginning at the south part of the town, on the east 
side of Main, at No. 1, and numbered northward progressively to No. 18, and 
on the west side of Main street said lots are numbered from north to south 
from No. 19 to 35. Said Main street is four poles wide, with two cross streets, 
three poles wide each, named respectively North street and South street. 
Each lot is eight poles long, from Main street to alley. Lots No. 9 and 28 
are six poles wide; Lots 8 and 29, and 6 and 31 are four poles wide; Lots 30 
and 7 are four poles wide; Lots 5 and 32 are three and a half poles wide; all 
other lots in said town, excepting the ones above stated, are five poles wide. 
An alley of one pole wide runs on the back of all the lots across the town. 
Levi Phelps, Surveyor, Union County. Filed and recorded November 1, 
1834. P. B. Smith, Recorder. 

At one time this town had one saw mill run by water power, one large 
general store, one cheese factory, one furniture manufactory, one wagon and 
carriage shop — first in the county for manufacturing fine buggies — one cabinet 
shop, one shoe shop, one blacksmith shop, and a woolea and carding mill 
with a spinning jenny; this latter business was just below the town. Homer 
was a bustling, lively village about 1840; but its glory is departed, and 
not a single branch of business is now carried on in the place. Many of the 
dwelling houses have been moved away, and what are left are in a dilapidated 
condition. Such are the changes produced by time and circumstances! 

TOWNSHIP OFFICIALS. 

The first election of Union Township, after the organization of Madi^son 
County, and its formation into townships, was held at the hout^e of John 
Mathers, in Milford, October 10. 1820. John McDowell, Andrew Gill and 



196 HISTORY OF UiS'ION COUNTY. 

Georo-e Reed acted as Judges. Hugh Porter and Richard Gabriel served as 
Clerks. Number of votes cast, 91. Ethan Allen Brown received 64 votes and 
Jeremiah Morrow 27 for Governor; Joseph Vance 46, Orris Parrish 24 and 
Daniel Smith 12 votes for Congress; scattering, 9; Gustavus Swan, 58,. and 
Joseph Foos 32 for Senator; Nicholas Hathaway 90 for Representative; 
Joseph Kennedy 32, James Biggs 21, James Ewing 30, George Brown 2, 
James Reed 1 aiid Nathaniel Kazer 1 for Sheriff; David Comer 79, Samuel 
Reed 44, Robert Nelson 75, Henry Sager 33. and Thomas McDonald 10 for 
County Commissioner; Joel Frankelberger 20, Nathaniel Kazer 41, Joseph 
Kennedy 8, Robert Branson 6 and Anson Howard 1 vote for Coroner. Num- 
ber of votes cast in 1876 was 396; in 1880, was 404. 

Trustees. — 1818. Andrew Gill, Joel Frankelberger and Ebenezer Mather; 
1819, Thomas McDonald, William Gabriel and John Porter; 1820, William 
Gabriel, Joseph Kennedy and John McDowell; 1821, Elias Robinson, Andi'ew 
Gill and John Coolidge; 1822, William Gabriel, Nicholas Hathaway and 
Elias Robinson; 1823, Nicholas Hathaway, William Gabriel and Eilas Robin- 
son; 1825, William Gabriel, Jacob Fairfield and Elias Robinson; 1826, Jacob 
Fairfield, Thomas McDonald and John Parthemore; 1827, Jacob Fairfield, 
Elias Robinson and Benjamin Hopkins; 1828-29, Elias Robinson, John Parth- 
emore and Benjamin Hopkins; 1830-31. Benjamin Hopkins, John Parthemore 
and Harvey Burnham; 1832, James C. Miller, John Porter and Andrew Keyes; 
1833, James H. Irwin, John Porter and Andrew Keyes; 1834-35, James Rid- 
dle, John Parthemore and James H. Irwin; 1836, ; 1837, Benjamin 

Hopkins, John F. Sabine and Jacob Fairfield; 1838, Jacob Fairfield, Asahel 
A. Woodworth and John Capit; 1839, John Fairfield, Elijjhas Barnham and 
Sumner Payne; 1840, Eliphas Burnham, Sumner Payne and Standish Colver; 
1841, Jacob Fairfield, Sumner Payne and Eliphas Burnham; 1842, Sumner 
Payne, Eliphas Burnham and William Porter; 1843, Jacob Fairfield, Eliphas 
Burnham and William Porter; 1844, Jacob Fairfield, Benjamin Hopkins and 
William C. Piper; 1845-46, William C. Piper, William Porter and Sumner 
Payne; 1847, Sumner Payne, William C. Piper and John Reed 3d: 1848. 
Sumner Payne and Asahel A. Woodworth. 1849-50, Jacob Fairfield, John Reed 
and William C. Piper: 1851, William C. Piper, James C. Miller and Robert 
D. Reed; 1852-54, Robert D. Reed, William C. Piper and John F. Sabine; 
1855-63, William C. Piper, Robert D. Reed and Artimus Fullington; 1864, 
William C Piper. Robert D. Reed and Harvey Burnham; 1865, Robert D. 
Reed, William C. Piper and Harvey Burnham; 1866-67, William C. Piper, 
Harvey Burnham and Joseph Coe; 1868-70, Dyer Reed, Harvey Burnham and 
William C. Piper; 1871-73, William C. Piper, Harvey Burnham and George 
Sinclair; 1874-76, George Sinclair, Harvey Burnham and B. F. Harris; 1877, 
George Sinclair, John Cranston and David Watson; 1878, David Watson, 
James Mitchell and J. J. Gabriel; 1879. David Watson, James Mitchell and 
William Stillings; 1880, B. F. Harris, Norton Reed and F. S. Pearl; 1881, 
^Y. stillings. Milo Kimball and B. F. Harris; 1882, William Stillings, Milo 
Kimball and Norton Reed. 

C/erA;s.— 1818-20, Hugh Porter; 1821-22, Benjamin Treat; 1823-27, 
Nathaniel Kazer; 1828-31, Reuben P. Mann; 1832, Mathew Gooding; 1833- 
36, David Burnham; 1837, Wilson Reed; 1838, Norman Chipman; 1839-43, 
Andrew Keyes; 1844-45, David Bmmham; 1846, Elias Topliff; 1847-51, 
David Burnham; 1852-58, Wilson Reed; 1859-75, William M. Winget; 
1876-77, S. D. Elliott: 1878-82, J. G. Turner. 

Treasurers. — 1818, David Reed; 1819, Samuel Reed; 1820, George Reed; 
1821, George Brown; 1821, 1823-24 (wanting); 1825. Richard Gabriel; 1820- 
27, Harvey Burnham; 1828-29, David Burnham; 1830, John Gabriel; 1831- 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 197 

32, David Burnham; 1833-37, Norman Chipman; 1838-41, Oliver P. Ken- 
nedy; 1842, Benjamin Dolbear; 1843-44, Mathew Gooding; 1845, Andrew 
Keyes; 1846, William M. Galbreath; 1847-51, Andrew Keyes; 1852-56, 
Eli'sha L. Reynolds; 1857-58, George B. Burnham; 1859-60, A. G. Wood, 
1861-62, Joseph Coe, who resigned, and John Reed was appointed; 1863-78; 
F. Garwood; 1879-81, W. M. Snodgrass; 1882, F. G. Reynolds. 

Constables — 1818, Vandever Reed and James Reed, Jr. ; 1819, Benjamin 
Lathrop and. Ebeuezer Miles; 1820, Otis Green and Roger Moody; 1821, Will- 
iam Burnham and Benjamin Saunders; 1822, William Burnham and George 
Bagley; 1823, Andrew Burnham and Thomas Savjnders; 3824, Andrew Burn- 
ham and James Irwin; 1825, David Kingery and Hugh Porter; 1826. David 
Kingery and John Porter; 1827, David Kingery and Samuel T. Hovey; 1828, 
Hollis Awey and Samuel T. Hovey; 1829, Joseph Moore and Ebenezer Martin; 
1830, Oliver C. Kennedy and Benjamin Lyon; 1831, Joseph Morse and Benja- 
min Lyon; 1832, Elijah Bassett and G. \\^. Carpenter; 1833, David Kingery 
and William Douglas; 1834, Levi Patrick and Elias Hartley; 1835-36 (want- 
ing); 1837, Elias Hartley, E. W. Bassett and Cyrus F. Waite: 1838, Elias Hart- 
ley, Ira Clark and James Gallowav; 1839. A. C. Jennings, Madison H. Dee, 
Elias Hartley and W. H. Spears; "l840, William Sager, Elias Topliff, Madi- 
son H. Dee and William Morse; 1841, Elias Topliff, William Spencer, Sam- 
uel Hawley and Samuel Dee; 1842, Samnel-Dee, Alonzo Garljck, Elias Topliff 
and Ransom Tarpenning; 1843, Ransom Tarpenning, L. W^ebster, J. H. Lum- 
bard and J. Barrett; 1844, John Barrett, J. H. Lumbar d, R. S. Mavnard and 
Ransom Tarpenning; 1845, John W. Hopkins, Benjamin H. Lillard, George 
Newman and Sylvanus Campbell; 1846, Ralph Cherry, Samuel Kerr, Lathrop 
Kazer and Joseph Rice; 1847, J. H. Lumbard, J. R. Galloway, Joseph Rice 
and William N. Turner; 1848, Galatia Sprague, John C. Moore, Harvey Burn- 
ham and John Grangan; 1849, David Dee, John Grangan, James L. Miller; 
1850, Isaac A. Morse and John Morrow, Jr. ; 1851, John Morrow, Jr., D. W. 
Jones and Samuel Guy; 1852, John Morrow, William Gratty and Luther 
Winget; 1853, S. L. Reed, J. H. Lumbard and David Clement; 1854, T. 
Echelberger, Dyer Reed and George Morrow; 1855, J. T. Hage, S. L. Reed 
and E. Burrows; 1856, Enoch Burrows, I. W. Hopkins and David Clement; 
1857, E. Burrows and J. C. Nichold; 1858, E. Burrows and J. A. Morse; 
1859, George W. Gear, Enoch Burrows and Nelson Morse; 1860, W. M. 
Winget, Enoch Burrows and Joseph Morse; 1861, W. M. Winget, E. Burrows, 
Aaron Hill and A. T. Tanner; 1862, J. A. Morse, John Morse, W. H. Miller 
and W. M. Winget; 1863, J. A. Morse, W. M. Winget, Joseph Morse and N. 
N. Blake; 1864, W. M. Winget, S. L. Reed, W. Parthemore and N. G. Morse; 
1865, S. L. Reed, J. A. Morse and John Galloway; 1866, Benjamin Locke, 
Jonathan Hardman and J. W. Swartz; 1868, F. McClenegan, A. Bronson 
and John W. Swartz; 1869, A. Bronson, B. Locke and G. W. League; 1870. 

A. Bronson, William Boswell and ; 1871, Mathias Welsh and A. Bronson; 

1872, J. H. Weiser and Samuel Bonnett; 1873, A. Bronson and H. Stokes; 
1874, Samuel Bonnett and I. N. Paris; 1875, James Mitchell and John Rob- 
bins; 1876, Samuel Bonnett and James Mitchell; 1877, C. M. Reed and James 
Mitchell; 1878, George Wilson and Douglas Stewart; 1879, F. M. Reed; 
1880, M. Gabriel; 1881-82, M. Gabriel. 

Supervisors. — 1818, David Comer, Nathaniel Potter and Samuel Reed; 
1819, Samuel Reed, David Comer, Andrew Gill and John F. Gabr;el; 1820, 
John Irwin, John T. Gabriel, Samuel Reed 3d, Andrew Gill, George A. Scott 
and David Witter: 1821, Moses Patrick, Joseph Mather, David Witter, John 
Parthemore, Samuel Reed and James Reed; 1822, David Comer, George Reed, 
Moses Patrick, Caleb Brooks, John Parthemore and Alexander Reed; 1823, 



198 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

David Witter, David Comer, John Coolidge, Jacob Fairfield, George Reed, 
John Parthemore and Levi Churchill; 1824, George Reed, Benjamin Hopkins, 
Benjamin Harrington, John Walton and Edward Hovey; 1825, John Parthe- 
more, Martin Ballon, John Mitchell. George Reed and George Woodward. 
We will not give the Supervisors further, as they multiply very fast from this 
day forward, as the number of roads increased until their number reaches 
seventeen or more. 

Overseers of the Poor. — 1818, G. A. Scott and R. Branson; 1819, Stej^hen 
Bagley and William Gabriel; 1820, William Gabriel, Jr. and Jesse Bagley; 
1821, Thomas Saunders and David Reed; 1822, Thomas McDonald and David 
Reed; 1823, Benjamin Hopkins and Richard Gabriel; 1824, John Porter and 
Sylvester Phelps; 1825, Andi^ewGill and Robert Snodgrass. The records give 
no account of this class of officers after the last mentioned date. 

Fence Vieivers.— ISIS, Joseph Mather and David Bowen; 1819. Joseph 
Kennedy and Thomas Saunders; 1820, David Bowen and Warren Rose; 1821, 
David Bowen and Jesse Bagley; 1822, Robert McCloud and Silas Lewis; 1823, 
David Bowen and Warren Rose; 1824, David Bowen and Otis Green; 1825, 
David Bowen and Joseph Kennedy. And here this office appears to cease. 

Appraisers. — 1818, George Hams; 1819, John Reed; 1820, Robert Bran- 
son; 1821-22, Nathaniel Kazer; 1823-24, A. A. Williams; 1825, James C. Miller. 
No further account of this office given. 

Listers. — 1818, James Cochran; 1819, Samuel Reed; 1820, John Reed; 
1821-25, John Reed. No further account, as office is filled by the Assessor. 

Assessors. — 1842. John Reed 3d; he served till 1846, when Eliphas Burn- 
ham was elected, and served continuously byre-election until 1867. Anthony 
Moran was elected and served one year, when in 1868 Eliphas Burnham was 
again elected, and served continuously by re-election till 1879. ■ David 
Watson was elected and served one year. 1880, W. R Webb was elected; 

1881, Anthony Moran was elected; 1882, no Assessor mentioned on I'ecord. 
Justices of the Peace— 1818-23, John Irwin; 1821-32, Elias Robinson; 

1821, George Brown; 1817, Joseph Kennedy, Richard Gabriel and Daniel 
Bowen; 1818, Joseph Stewart; 1823, Richard Gabriel; 1824, Hardin Hovev; 
1826, Eliphas Burnham; 1830, Mathew Gooding; 1829-31, W. B. Irwin; 
1836-39, Andrew Keyes; 1833-53, -David Burnham; 1836-53, J. F. Sabine; 
1842-56, W. B. Irwin (Mr. L-win served twenty-eight years); 1842, Elias 
Topliff; 1845-54, Andrew Keyes; 1851, Robert D. Reed; 1854, E. F. Mann; 
1854-62, George B. Burnham; 1854-62, O. C Kennedy; 1856, John Stokes; 
1858-63, David Clement; 1858-63, John Mitchell, Jr.; 1862, James B. Whelp- 
ley; 1864, R. D. Reed, J. C. Miller and Joseph Morse; 1865, William Goff 
and S. R. Harbert; 1866-77, William M. Winget; 1866, Harvev Burnham; 
1868, Dixon Mitchell; 1869, C. L. Winget; 1870, Harvey Burnham; 1874, 
John Mitchell; 1876, S. D. Elliott and James McCloud; 1877-82, J. G. Tur- 
ner; 1877, F. S. Pearl; 1879, Alison Armine; 1881, I. N. Paris (never served); 

1882, John F. Granger. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

JOSEPH BAKKR, deccascJ, was born in Mechanicsburg, Ohio, in 1819. and was a son of 
Fen-ill Baker. His early life was passed in the place of his nativity. He studied medicine, and 
after graduating in 1844, located in this township, where he practiced for a number of years. 
He was a skillful physician, and aa a man was universally respected. He was married to Phoebe, 
daugliter of David Burnliani ; he was an acceptable member and an honored brother of the Ma- 
sonic Lodge ; he died March 15, 1880. David Burnham, and Nancy (}abrie],his wife, were the 
parents of Mrs. Baker; tlie former was born in Connecticut and settled in this county in about 
1820. He was a man of fine business attainments and a .lustice of tlie Peace for twenty years. 
His first wife died in 1829, and iie was married the second time to Elizabeth McDonald, who 




r '^J; 



<^i^r ^^ 



d-i^t^ 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 201 

•was born in Ross County, Ohio, in 1804, and was a daughter of Thomas McDonald, an old set- 
tler. His first wife was born in this township in 1806, and was a daughter of William Gabriel. 
His second wife died in 1881. 

NELSON T. BENNETT, farmer, P. 0. Irwin, was born in Stockbridge, Windsor County, 
Vt , in 1832, and is a brother of Foster Bennett, whose sketch appears in this work. His 
•early life was spent in his native county until sixteen years of age, when he came to this 
township, and for five years resided with his uncle, John Smith, for wnom he worked four years 
after reaching his majority. At twenty-five years of age, he rented the Smith farm, which he 
and his brother afterward bought, and at present he owns "248 acres of well-improved land. In 
1856, he mai-ried Miss Hannah N. McCloud, the daughter of Curtis and Betsey McCloud, natives 
■of Vermont, who settled in this township in 1816. By this marriage, four children were born, 
viz.: William C, .John S., Clara E., and an infant, deceased. In politics, Mr. Bennett has al- 
ways voted with the Republican party in all matters of public issue. 

J. F. BENNETT, farmer, P. 0. Irwin, was born in Windsor County, Vt., in 1834, and is a 
son of William and Experience Bennett, natives of Vermont. At the age of twelve years, he 
came to Union Township and took up his residence with an uncle, John Smith, with whom he 
remained until 1872, when he went to Marysville. After a temporary stay at the latter place, 
he purchased his present farm, which consists of 200 acres of well-improved land. He is a 
member of Uarby Lodge of Odd Fellows at Milford Center, and, with his wife and daughter, of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church. He was married in 1857 to Miss Harriet McBride, a daughter 
of Alexander McBride, and by her has had one child — Cora. Mr. Bennett is a successful man- 
ager, and a good, practical farmer, and has accumulated during his life of farming a comfortable 
property, on which he resides. 

HENRY AV. BLAKE, deceased, was born at Georgetown, Vt., .June 19, 1833, and died in 
Union County, Ohio, March 7, 1867. His father, .John H. Blake, with his family, settled in 
this county in 1838, and made this his home through life, dj'ing here May 5, 1881. He was the 
father of eleven children, of whom George, Moses, Byron and Charles survive, and Henry AV., 
Samuel H., John T., Louisa, Cynthia, Mary and Hamilton are deceased. Henry W. was married 
July 24, 1855, to Mary J. Courtney, and had two children — Taylor R. and Ollie L. In August, 
1861, he enlisted in Company B, Thirty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was wounded at 
the battle of Greenbrier, Virginia, in 1861. He was a life-long resident of the county, a car- 
penter by occupation, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and _Odd Fellows 
Lodge. His brother, Samuel H., enlisted in the same company and regiment, and was killed 
before Atlanta, Ga. John T. enlisted in 1861 in Company K, Ninety-sixth Ohio Volunteer In- 
fantry, and was poisoned in 1863 at Milliken Bend. Byron enlisted in Company H, Sixty-sixth 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in October, 1861. Moses enlisted May 9, 1864, in Company H, One 
Hundred and Thirty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. John W. and Jane (KefiF) Courtney, parents 
of Mrs. Blake, were natives of England, who settled in Bradford County, Penn., where they died. 
They had seven children, viz.: John, William, McCain, Mary J. and Helen, surviving, and Da- 
vid W. and Edward, deceased. David AV. enlisted in 1861, at the age of seventeen years, in the 
Thirteenth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and re-enlisted in 1864, serving through the 
whole of the war. He was a color-bearer, and was wounded at the battle of Stone River and 
Chickamauga, receiving four bullet-wounds in one day. He was taken prisoner at Stone River, 
and for twenty days endured the horrors of Libby Prison. After the close of the war, he en- 
listed in the regular army, and was killed by the Indians in the Custer massacre. Edward 
Courtney was a drummer-boy in a Pennsylvania regiment, and was wounded and died, aged 
seventeen years. 

DR. DANIEL BOAVEN, deceased, was born in Vermont, and in 1816 came to Milford Cen- 
ter. He studied medicine in his native State, and was one among the first practitioners in this 
vicinity, in which he pi-acticed till his death. He was a skillful physician, and, as a man, was 
held in high esteem by all who knew him. During "old military days," he was Surgeon of a 
regiment. He was an accepted member of the Free-Will Baptist Church. He was married to 
Nancy Rice, by whom he had twelvechildren, of whom only one lives in this county, viz., Jane. 
A son, Daniel, is living, and the others are deceased. 

ELIPHAS BURN HAM, deceased, was born at Hampton, Windham County, Conn., February 
9, 1799, and was a son of Eliphas and Lydia (Smith) Burnham, natives of Connecticut. The 
ancestor of the sixth generation emigrated to this country from England. In 1818, the family 
came to Ohio, locating in this county, and in the spring of the following year Eliphas, Sr., set- 
tled his children along the western line of this township, purchasing 200 acres of land. They 
had the following children : Jacob, Zelinda, Eliphas, Lovenda, Orrilla, Juliette, Lydia, A. S. and 
Nancy M. Of these, all but Lovenda lived in this county, she living in the same neighborhood, 
but in Champaign County. The father and mother both died in this county ; he soon after their 
arrival, and she subsequently. Our subject was married to Lydia Meacham, July 3, 1820. She 
was a native of Connecticut, and a daughter of Joseph Meacham, who settled in Champaign 
County in 1820. Mr. Burnham owned and resided on his first purchase until his death, owning 
at that time about 400 acres. His brother Jacob resided with him, and together they did busi- 
ness and attended the operations of the farm. Mr. Burnham served as Justice of the Peace 

12 



202 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

three years, and for thirty-one consecutive years, from 1846, acted as Assessor. He was a man 
of sound judgment, one of the active movers in the organization of the Fair society in the county, 
and a champion of every movement that tended to the elevation of his community. Honest in 
business and trustworthy in every fiduciary capacity, he was often called upon to administer the 
estates of deceased citizens, and was always a friend to the widow and orphan. He was a mem- 
ber of the Universalist Church, but liberal in his religious belief, and open-handed in his con- 
tributions to all denominations and to every worthy enterprise. He was temperate in his habits, 
and a strong advocate of temperance in others, but not at all fanatical in his views. He died 
April 13, 1881. His wife, who was born June 14, 1796, died April 8, 1867. They had eight 
children viz.: Betsey, Thomas, Harvey, Andrew, Ralph, Marica Morse, Lucas, deceased, Dor- 
cas S., deceased, and Jarred, deceased. Lucas enlisted in the Ninety-fifth Ohio Volunteer In- 
fantry, August 9, 1862, and died in Vicksburg Hospital July 23, 1863. Ralph was in the one 
hundred days' service. Jacob Burnham, the brother of our subject, was born October 27, 1794, 
and died April 26, 1866. He married Eliza Meacham, sister of his brother's wife. She was born 
May 30, 1802, and by her he had four children — Nicholas H., Albert, deceased, Hiram G. and 
Eliza A. The two families lived together, eating breakfast separately, but the other two meals 
together. Harvey Burnham, the non of Eliphas, was born in 1823, and was reared in the town- 
ship where he lived the whole of his life, except five years spent in Champaign County. He was 
married November 17, 1861. to Mary Shields, daughter of J. B. Shields, by whom he has had 
seven children, viz.: Lucas, George, May, Pertie, Lydia M., Elmer and Bertie. Mr. Burnham 
has served as Trustee ten or twelve years, and as Justice of the Peace two terms. He owns 100 
acres of land, well improved and under thorough cuUiyation, upon which he resides. 

RALPH BURNHAM, farmer, P. 0. Irwin, is a son of Eliphas Burnham, deceased, and was 
born on the old home place. His early life was psssed on his fatlier's farm, and in the district 
schools le oi'tained his education. He was married to Martha M., the daughter of William P. 
Greene, of Wisconsin, in 1861. He has lived in the township all his life, with the exception of a 
few years during which he resided in Iowa. He served one hundred days in Companj' B, of 
the One hundred and Thirty-fourth Ohio National Guards; two children have been born to Mr. 
and Mrs. Burnham, viz.: Marble G. and Uorcas S. He and his sou own 100 acres of land. 

N. H. BURNHAM, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born at the oM " Burnham homestead." 
in this county, November 23, 1823, and is a son of Jacob Burnham. an old settler who was born 
in Windham County, Conn., and had four children — N. H., Albert, deceased, Hiram G. and Eliza 
Ann, now Mrs. Fairchilds. In the early days of the county, he was much interested in religion 
and religious matters, and in his farm operations he met with well merited success, accumulat- 
ing a large property, which, descending to his children, has made them all in good circum- 
stances. Our subject vtfas reared ou the old place and received a commom school education. 
On February 13, 18.51, he married Emeline E. Hopkins, daughter of Benjimin Hopkins, by 
whom he has had four children, viz.: Albert, Lizzie, Hattie and S. F. Mr. Burnham has been 
successful in life and now owns 213 acres of excellent land in Survey No. 7790. 

GEORGE CALDWELL, farmer, P. 0. Irwin, is a son of Thomas and Jane (Fullington) Cald- 
well, natives of Pennsylvania, and was born in Union County, Ohio, January 23, 1843; his father 
died when he was ten years of age, and until thirteen years of age he lived with his uncle 
James Fullington. He then lived with his mother until he reached his majority, when he took 
possession of the farm left him by his father, on which he resided until 1869, when he pur- 
chased the " Hill farm," on which he resides at present. On October 15, 1865, he married 
Maria, daughter of Archibald and Catharine (Argo) McAdams, and by her has had five chil- 
dren, viz.: An infant son, deceased, Hettie, Ella, Mora and Jinquie. Mr. Caldwell is a lifelong 
farmer and stock dealer and owns a farm of fifty-five acres. He is a Republican in politics. 
His mother resides in Mechanicsburg, at the advanced age of sixty-one years. 

JOHN CONNOR, farmer, P. O. Milford Center, was born in County Kings, Ireland, in 1812, 
and lived in his native place till 1836, when he emigrated to this country, landing in New York 
August 26, and on November 29 following arrived at Milford Center; the ten following years he 
rented land, and in 1847 he piirdiased 277 acres where he n')vv lives. Success has crowned the 
effort put forih by Mr. Connor, and his accumulations resulted in 469 acres of fine land He was 
married to Catherine Conelly in Ireland, who bore him ten children, five living, viz.: Thomas, John, 
George, Eliza and Catherine. Thomas was a member of the Thirty-second Ohio Regiment ; he en- 
listed in 1862, and was wounded in the leg at Harper's Ferry. Mrs. Connor died in 1856. 

JOHN CRANSTON, deceased, was horn in Champaign County, Ohio, January 25, 1829, and 
died at his home in Union County, October 6, 1876. He was the third child of a family of 
seven children born to Juhn B. and Betsey (Lathrop) Cranston, the latter now deceased. He 
was raised on the farm and remained in his native county until 1858, when he came to Union 
County, settling on Buck Run, two and a half miles below Milford. Eleven years later, he 
moved to the farm on which he spent tlie remainder of his life, and where his widow now re- 
sides. He was a lifelong farmer and was one of the first farmers in this section to deal iu the 
Norman draft horses; at the time of his death, he was possessed of about 223 acres of very 
fine land. On November 11, 1847, he married Sarah Jane Bland, a diughter of Saul and Aba- 
gail (Pharas) Bland, natives of Virginia, who had a family of twelve children. By this uuioQ 



UNION TOAVNSHIP. 203 

two children were born — John L. and Chira, both of whom died in infancy. Mrs. Cranston 
died in 1851, smd in 1852 Mr. Cranston married E'reline Bond, a sister of his first wife, and by 
her had five children — Clarence, a resident of Topeka, Kan.; Hagar, wife of Henry Zeminar; 
\iola, wife of Charles Erb ; John B. and Anna B., the two latter being the only ones at home. 
Mr. Ci-anston was a Republican in politics, and at the time of his death was serving as a County 
Commissioner ; he also held, during his lifetime, most of the oifices of his township, including 
Trustee, School Director and others. He was a substantial farmer and a devout Christian 
irentleman. He was a member of the Christian Church all his life, having made profession at 
The age of thirteen years, and took a deep interest in all religious matters. During his life, he 
made provision for very liberal bequests to be paid to several religious institutions connected 
with his church, including the Union Christian College of Ind., Starkey Seminary and the Bib- 
lical Institute, New York, in addition to amouuts paid to these corporations and to churches 
during his lite. 

JOSEPH DAVIS, farmer, V. 0. Milford Center, was born in Virginia in 1795, and is a 
son of George Davis, of Virginia, who was a son of Michael Davis. In 1810, the fiimily came to 
Ohio, nnd settled in Knox County, where they made a permanent home. Our subject followed 
farming in Knox County until 1854, when he came, with his family, to this county, and pur- 
chased 196 acres of land where he now lives. He was married, December 3, 1818, to Lydia 
Shenneberry, by whom he has had the following children, viz.: Mary, Howley, Michael, Mar- 
garet, Elizabeth, Joseph, George, Shannon and Catharine, now surviving, and Nancy, George, 
William, Lydia and an infant, "deceased. The survivors all reside in this county, and are all 
well to do. Mr. Davis has always been a member of the Presbyterian Church, and his wife of 
the Christian. He began life with no means, but by industry and close attention to his business 
he has accumulated a handsome property, which he now^ fully enjoys. He and his sons own 
about titiU acres of prime land. 

WILLIAM DAVIS, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in Knox County, Ohio, Novem- 
ber 18, 1818, and is a son of Michael and Elizabeth Davis, the former a native of Virginia and a 
sou of George Davis, who removed to Pennsylvania, and in 1810 came to Knox County, Ohio. 
Here Michael lived until 1829, when he came with his wife and four chi'dren — Catharine, Will- 
iam, Alexander and Mary — to Union Couuty. Four others were born here, viz. : George W. 
Harrison, Nancy and Joseph, Jr. In 1829, the family 'settled on the land occupied by George 
Ilawley, purchasing eighty acres. Two years afterward, he sold this and purchased where John 
Siuber now lives, which he also sold afterward. He was always a resident of the county, and 
prospered financially. He was a Presbyterian in belief. His son, Harrison, enlisted in the 
Sixty-sixih Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as First Lieutenant of Company H, which he 
helped to raise, and was killed in the charge on Mission Ridge. Joseph and Alexander served 
in a '-hundred days' " regiment. Mr. Davis died in 1872. Mrs. Davis is yet living at an ad- 
vanced age. Our subject was eleven years old. when his parents came to Ohio. He has since 
then made his home in Union County. He has never married, but has always had charge of his 
fatlier's family. He owns a good farm of ninety acres, in the northeastern part of the township. 
His father was a soldier in the war of 1812, and passed through this township in 1812 on his 
way to join his regiment at Urbana. He was in Lewis Cass' Regiment, and Hull's division. 

PETER DIX, proprietor Union Tile Factory, Irwin, is a son of Clark Dix, an old settler of 
Champaign County, and was born in 185o. His early life was passed on the farm, and he con- 
tinued in agricultural pursuits until April 1, 1882, when he purchased the tile mill now owned 
by him, and two acres of ground, of J. A. Gillespie. He was married, December 5, 1875, to Miss 
Ella J., a daughter of E. K. and Mary Chester, of Linn County, Iowa, and a native of Hancock 
County, Wis. By this marriage three children were born, viz. : George E., Frank E. 
and Arthur W. Mr. Dix and wife are members of the Universalist Church. He has entered ex- 
tensively into the maniiifacture and sale of drain tile, employs three men, and turns out a 
quantity of superior tile, which finds a ready market. His kiln has a capacity for burning over 
200 rods, whicn will be largely increased during the next year His ware is eagerly sought for 
by purchasers on account of its superior finish, which renders it less liable to break and makes 
it mure durable than the ordinary tile. 

H. N. DOWNER, retired, Milford Center, v.as born in Orleans Cunty, Vt., in 1806, 
and passed h s early life in his native State, in which he lived till after his marriage, when he 
went to Westville, N. Y., where he lived twelve years, and followed shoe-making an 1 farming. 
In October, 1845, he came to this county, and landed in Milford Center |7.25 in debt, which 
amount he earned and paid by working at 37i cents per day. He has followed his trade since, 
ana has always had an abundance to do. His energy and ambition always found him plenty of 
work, and he has been prosperous; he owns a nice pioperty, consisting of twelve acres of land, 
with a good building erected thereon. On July 12, 1829, he was married to Mai'y Jones, who 
has boine him eight cbihlren, five of whom are living, viz.; Harlwell N., Alvin, Lavonia, 
Abijiail and Albert W. The deceased are Grafton and two infants. Grafton was a member of 
Company F, Thirteenth Ohio Regiment. Enlisted in 1861, and was killed at the battle of Stone 
River December 31, 1862, aged twenty-two years. Albert W. enlisted in 1864, and was a 
drummer. Mrs. Downer died in 1878. She was born in 1809. Mr. Downer has been a life- 
long Kepublican. 



204 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

S. D. ELLIOT, merchant and miller, Milford Center, was born in Stark County, Ohio, in 
1828, and is a son of John D. and lluth (Dillon) Elliot, natives of Ohio, who settled in Logan 
County in 1849, where they made a permanent home. The early life of our subject was pa^^sed 
in the milling business. When he reached his majority, he began merchandising in Zinesfield, 
Logan County, where he carried on business for twelve or fifteen years. In 1878, he located at 
Milford Center and purchased a mill, which he has operated since. In 1877, he purchased the 
business of French Garwood, deceased, and has since been engaged as a merchant. He was 
married, March 14, 1850, to Miss Margaret Henry, of Logan County, by whom he has had three 
children, Etta, Pattie and Linnie. His son has charge of the store and is assisted in its man- 
agement by David Hopkins, a colored man, who has been connected with the business for 
many years. The mill is in charge of a son-in-law, J. A. Moore, who has been in tlie mill since 
1873, and has had entire control since 1877. Mr. Elliot is a member of Darby Lodge, No. 636, 
I. 0. 0. F., of which he was a charter member. He is also a member of Palestine Lodge, F. & 
A. M., Marys ville, and of the Chapter. 

CHAP..LES ERB & BllOTHEll, manufacturers of carriages and buggies, Milford Center. 
The business of the above firm was established in 1850, by Charles Erb, the father of the 
present proprietors, who continued the business until his death in 1874. He operated quite ex- 
tensively during his life, and at his death handed the business down to his sons. He was a 
native of Biden, Germany, where he learned his trade. He emigrated to America in 1850, and 
in the same year located and began business as above stated. He was the father of ten children , 
of whom six — Charles, George, Mary, Will, Lewis and Lizzie — are living and residents of this 
county, and Anna, Carrie, Emma and Lewis are deceased. The brothers who now control the 
father's establishment learned their trade under their father's instructions and are both compe- 
tent and efficient workmen, who turn work out at their factory that is equal to any in the county. 
They employ usually about six hands. They do an extensive business and all their finished 
work fimls ready sale in the local markets. Charles, the senior member of the firm, was born in 
this place in December, 1854, and when of suificient age entered the business which he now 
controls. In 1879, he married Viola, daughter of John Cranston, deceased. George, the junior 
member of the firm, was born in 1857, and w.is also early put to work at his trade. 

.1. V. FINLEY, retired farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in Westmoreland County, 
Penn., in the year 1801. His life was passed in his native State until 1846, when he 
came to this county and settled in Allen Township, purchasing 300 acres of land which he cleared 
and improved, and in 1875 sold. He has held some of the minor offices of the township and is 
a member of the Methodist Episcopal Cliurch, with which he has been connected a number of 
years. He was married in Pennsylvania to Elizabeth AVilliams, by whom he has had nine 
children, eight living, viz.: Joseph, Robert, James E., John, Alfreil, Margaret, Frances and Mary. 
Joseph and Robert were privates in the Ninety-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in which they 
enlisted in the beginning of the war and with which they saw active service until the rebellion 
was put down. John w<is a member of a three months regiment. Mr. Finley built a saw mill 
which he operated five years, but he has been principally engaged in farming and has met with 
marked success, now owning a good property. 

JAMES FULLINGTON, farmer, P. O. Irwin, was born in this township in 1828. He is a 
son of Moses and Harriet (Guy) Fullington, natives of Vermont, who emigrated to Ohio in 1810 
or 1817, and for one year stopped at Granville, after which they came to this township, and 
located on land purchased by his father, George Fullington, who died in Madison County. 
George Fullington was a man of literary h.abits, and devoted the whole of his attention to liter- 
ary pursuits. He had six children that came to Ohio with him, and two were born here after 
his arrival, Moses being the only one that became a resident of this county. The other children 
were Abigail, wife of Charles Phellis; Adelaide, second wife of William Guy; Claret, first wife of 
William Guy; Salina, wife of John Burnham; Mary, wife of R. Kimball, deceased; Thomas J., 
who died in Illinois, and Sallie, deceased. Moses Fullington had four children, viz.: Jane, wife of 
Charles A. Baker; James, Charles and George, deceased. Mr. Fullington died in 1850, aged 
forty-nine years ; his wife died in 1832. He was an energetic, hard-working man, and succeeded 
in accumulating a handsome property. Our subject was reared on a farm, and until fifteen years of 
age atteu'led the common schools. In February, 1844, he went to Kansas in the interest of his 
father, who was buying stock and driving it over the mountains, and in this business he par- 
ticipated for nine years. In 1852, he married Eliza H. McMullen, of Springfield, III., and after 
marriage located on his farm in this township, where he has since resided. In 1878, he was 
elected County Commissioner, and during his term of service was an able advocate of free pikes. 
He was also a member of the State Board of Equalization for ten years, and at present is a mem- 
ber of the State Board of Public Works. He owns 1,200 or 1,300 acres of land located in this 
township. He has had six children born to him, viz.: Lucy V., wife of A. Howard, Walter 0. , 
C. Phellis, Edward Mc, F. Guy and Belle Brown 

JAMES GABRIEL, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in this township December 19, 
1819, and is a son of Richard and Sarah (Sackett) Gabriel, the former born in Maryland and 
the latter in Pennsylvania. (For date of the settlement of the family here, see sketch of John 
Gabriel.) He (Richard) bought 150 acres of land on which he lived and died. He was Justice 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 205 

of the Peace a number of terms, aud also held the office of County Clerk. He and wife were 
members of the Presbyterian Church, of which he was a Ruling Elder. Three children were 
born to them, viz.: James, Eli and Mary Ann, the two latter deceased. Mrs. Gabriel died 
about 1849. He married, for his second wife, Sarah Robinson, who bore him five children, 
VIZ.: Hannah F., Ruth, .Josiah, Richard, and John, deceased. Mr. G. died in 1870, aged ninety- 
two years. Our subject was married in 1847 to Rebecca Swartz, nee Hall, and at once settled on 
the place where he now lives. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church of many years' 
standing, and a very exemplary man. Nine children have been born to him, viz.: Rodney, 
Mary, Eli, Sidney B., Sarah B., Mattie, Maggie, Sackett and Hattie. Mr. Gabriel owns 150 
acres of land, and is a prosperous citizen. 

JON J. GABRIEL, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born on the place where he now 
lives, April 20, 1823, and is a son of John F. and Maria (Stewart) Gabriel. He (John F.) was 
born in Maryland, and when a young man, in 1800, came to this township. His brother, Will- 
iam, came the year previous, and purchased 500 acres of wild land, which became their homes; 
they prospered in life and accumulated good properties. John F. was a twin brother to Rich- 
ard, of whom mention is elsewhere made. They possessed fine musical talent, and were 
faultless performers on the violin. John F. was married to Maria, the daughter of Joseph and 
Eleanor Stewart, by whom he had five children, three of whom are living, viz.: Joseph, Hiram 
and John ; Josiah and Johnson, deceased, the former killed by a large tree falling upon him. 
Mr. Gabriel (J. F.) died November 15, 1828, aged fifty year.s. His wife died in 1872, aged 
seventy-one years. Our subject was married to Sarah C, the daughter of Jacob and Sar&h C. 
Parthemore, who bore him four children, viz.: Myron, Helen, Elmer and John. Mr. Gal riel 
has filled the office of Trustee one term. He owns 150 acres of land. The parents of Mrs. 
Gabriel (the Parthemores) located here in 1812 or 1813. Joseph Stewart and family settled 
here in 1809. 

HON. FRENCH GARWOOD, deceased, was one of the oldest merchants in Union County ; 
was born in East Liberty, Logan Co., Ohio, April 7. 1823. He was the eldest of seven brothers, 
and sf n of Isaiah and Caroline Garwood. His father was a Virginian and came to Ohio very 
early in its settlement, then inhabited by several tribes of Indians. When the oldest child was 
but thirteen years of age, the family circle was broken upby the death of their mother. French, 
at that early age, was placed as clerk with a merchant of East Liberty, named Harrington. In 
the spring of 1838, he came to Union County, and was employed by Immer Reynolds in the 
furniture trade, and as clerk in the mercantile business. Mr. Garwood was with Mr. Reynoldg 
until the year 1845, in the mean time receiving the greater part of his school education, and 
becoming a finished workmen in the manufacture of furniture, as well as a trusted clerk in the 
store. The death of his employer occurring about that time, the business was closed up, and 
between the years of 1845 and 1849, he was with Louis Reynolds, selling goods in Milford Cen- 
ter, and with Rodney Pickett, an old merchant of Marysville, also book-keeper for Ralph E, 
Runkle, of West Liberty, Ohio. In 1849, he located in Urbana, Ohio, as clerk with the Weaver 
Brothers. In the fall of 1851, he commenced selling goods in Milford Center, and April 15, 
1852, married Sarepta H. Reynolds, daughter of Immer and Hope Reynolds. Their children 
are Charles M., Don A., Nellie E. and Venetia, all of whom are at present living. Mr. Gar- 
wood was a leading merchant and largely identified with the business interests of Milford for a 
period of twenty-seven years, always holding some office of trust, s^mong them that of Township 
Treasurer, also Sunday-school Treasurer of Union Sabbath school, and, although not a member of 
any church, as he used to laughingly remark, " first-cousin to all the churches ;"he was truly gen- 
erous to them all, both in opinion and financially. He was an honored member of Palestine Lodge, 
No. 158, of Free and Accepted Masons; also member of Darby Lodge, No. 636, Independent Order 
of Odd Fellows, and practiced and taught the tenets of each, both by precept and example. 
French Garwood was enrolled, on the 2d day of May, 1864, to serve one hundred days as 
First Sergeant in Company H, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Regiment of National Guards of 
Ohio Volunteers, H. Irwin Smith, Colonel, commanding. He was honorably discharged from the 
service, August 31, 1864, at Camp Chase, Ohio, by reason of expiration of term of enlistment. 
In politics, Mr. Garwood was always a zealous Republican, and represented Union County in 
the Ohio Legislature for two sessions — 1876-77. After his legi^lative teim, his health failing, 
he remained at home unoccupied for some months, but being of an energetic and industrious 
habit, accepted of the position ns cashier in the Milford Center Bank, which position he held at 
the time of his death, which occurred April 5, 1879. His funeral ceremonies were conducted 
by the Order of Knights Templar, of which he was a member. In memorial, we will simply 
quote the sentiment of a friend : " He was a gentleman in deportment, kind-hearted and be- 
nevolent, and had inbreil in his nature all those qualities of head and heart which render men 
esteemed by their fellow-men." 

SPENCER GARWOOD, physician and surgeon, Milford Center, was born in Logan County, 
Ohio, in 1835, and is a son of Jose H. and Angeline (Culver) Garwood. The former settled in 

this town with his parents, Daniel and (Bishop) Garwood, who resided here one year and 

then went to Logan County, where he died. He was a native of Virginia. Angeline Culver, 
who was a native of New York, and a daughter of David and Catherine (Callinder) Culver, na- 



206 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

lives of Connecticut, came to this county in 1812 with her parents, who settled on laid pur- 
chased in this township, where they lived a number of years and then moved to Madison County. 
The boyhood of our subject was passed on the farm in Logan County, and in attending the pu'jlic 
schools of that couniy. He remained on the farm until he reached his majority, when he en- 
tered the Farmers' College at Cincinnati, in which he remained three years, reaching his Sopho- 
more year. In 1861, he enlisted in the Thirteenth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and 
serveil three months. At the expiration of his term of service, he re-enlisted in Company B, 
Eighty-fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and, being sent to the front, saw some active service, but 
was largely engaged in guarding prisoners at Camp Chase. After four months' service in the 
above regiment, he re-enlisted in the One Hundred and Thirty-second Regiment Ohio National 
Guards, and was made Captain of Company K. His regiment saw service in the front, and par- 
ticipated in the battle of Cold Harbor ami other lesser engagements. Mr. Garwooii serveil in 
the above regiment until September, 1864, when he was mus'ered out of the service and returned 
home. Previous to his discharge, in 1863, he entered the Ohio .Medical College at Cincinnati, 
and in 1864 entered the Medical Department of .Michigan University at .\nn Arbor, completing 
his studies and graduating at the latter. He then went to Iowa and for two years practiced his 
profession at Council Bluffs, also opening the first drug store between Council Bluffs and Salt 
Lake (Jity. He then went to Columbus, Neb., where he practiced medicine, officiated as 
Postmaster, and kept drug store for two years after. He subsequently went to Massachusetts, 
where he married Vashti Detwiler, in 1866, and returned to Des ^loines, going from there to 
Fort .Scott, Kan., where he remained fourteen years, practicing his profession. In 1880, he 
went to Washington, D. C, and praciiced medicine until the spring of 1882, when he located at 
Milford Center. He has three children, viz.: Grace 0., Ralph S. and Culver D. The Doctor is 
a prominent and worthy member of the .Masonic fraternity. 

JACOB GIBSOX, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in Pennsylvania in 1811, and is a 
son of Joseph and Elizabeth Gibson, natives of Pennsylvania, who settled in Fayette County, 
Ohio, about 1814, and lived there until 1826, when they citne to Union County and settled in 
this township, waere he lived until his death. He was a member of the Presbyterian Church 
and a man who took considerable interest in religion. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. By 
his first wife, who died in Fayette County in 1823, he had three children, of whom our subject 
is the only survivor. Our subject was reared on the farm in Fayette County, and came to this 
county in 1826, having lived here continuously since. He owns 224 acres of land, well im- 
proved, on which he resides He had four children, viz.: Stewart, deceased, Thomas, Missouri, 
deceased, and Jane, deceased. Stewart enlisted in 1861 in Company B, Thirty-second Regiment 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry for three years, and died in November, 1861, at Ilutsonville, Va., at 
the age of twenty-four yetrs. .Mrs. Gibson, whose maiden name was Eleanor Stewart, was a 
daughter of Joseph and Eleanor Stewart, and died in 1872. 

J. H. GILLESPIE, farmer, P. 0. Irwin, was born in Champaign County, Ohio, in 1819, and 
is a son of James and .Mary Gillespie, he of Pennsylvania and she of Kentucky. They settled 
in Champ lign County, Ohio, in an early day, where they died, leaving three children. In 1841, 
our subject came to this co.inty, to .VHlford Center, and in 1849 settled on the farm where he 
now resides. In 1845, he was married to Anna E., the daughter of Dr. Nicholas Hathaway, by 
whom he has had three children, viz.: Mary E., Harvey M. and Gertrude A. Mr. Gillespie 
owns an excellent farm of 200 acres. Dr. Hathaway was born in .Massachusetts December 4, 
1773. He studied medicine in an Eastern college, and was a graduate. In 1817, he, with 
his family, consisting of his wife and seven children, came to and settled in this township, 
in which he purchased 1,000 acres of land. He was a successful practitioner and an influential 
and respected citizen. He was one of the first judges of the county, and served in the Legisla- 
ture two terms, the first in 1826, the other probably in 1834. He was a Democrat in political 
faith, and was an exemplary member of the Christian Church, in which he was a Deacon. By 
his first wife, Anna Perce, he had nine children ; seven came to Ohio, viz.: ElpathanP., Lenora, 
William R. P., Joana P.,EUas, Catherine, Ebenezer. His first wife was born December 18, 1769. 
By his second wife, Elizabeth Mitchell ]\Iartin, he had one child, viz.: Anna E. Mrs. Hathaway 
died February 15, 1863. She was born May 2, 1787. 

ORIN HA.MMOND, farmer, P. 0. Irwin, was born in Ontario County, N. Y., April 10, 
1809, and is a son of .Jonathan Hammond, who settled in Clark County, Ohio, in 1812. and af- 
terward in Madison County, from whence lie went to Illinois and died. Our subject resided in 
Madison County six years, and in 1839 came to this township, where he has since lived and 
prospered. He owns a good farm of 103 acres, on which he resides. For a time he dealt exten- 
sively in stock, but now devotes his time exclusively to farming. He and his wife are members 
of the Christian Church. They have had ten children, viz.: Jonathan, Joseph E., Ruhama, 
Caroline, Adelaide, Jane, .Mattie, Jay, deceased, William, deceased, and an infant, deceased. Jay 
enlisted in May, 1864, in Capt. Fullington's company, and saw active service until sickness 
overcame him, when he returned home and died in November, 1876. He was Sergeant of his 
company. 

GEORGE IIAWLEY, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in Stark County, Ohio, near 
Canton, in 1816, and is a son of John and Anna Hawley, the former a native of Ireland, who 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 207 

came to America when two years of age, and the latter a native of Pennsylvania, of Irish parent- 
age. In 1826, they came to this township, where he had purchased 400 acres of land — all in 
woods — at $2 and $3 per acre, on which he lived during his life and prospered. They were 
both members of the Presbyterian Church, and took a deep interest in religious matters. They 
had twelve children, of whom two live in this county, one in Illinois, and one in Champaign 
County. His wife died in 1844, and he in 1847. Our subject was but ten years of age when 
his parents came to Ohio. He was married, in 1840, to Mary, daughter of .Joseph Davis, of Knox 
County, Ohio, who settled here about 1857. After marriage, he settled on the old home place, 
and eighteen years ago came to his present place. He owns 144 acres of good land, and is a 
member of the Methodist Episcopal Churcli. He had one son, Valoris B., in Company B, One 
Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He enlisted in 1861, and died of typhoid 
fever at Bardstown, Ky., in 1802. They had six other children, viz.: Margaret F., George D., 
Joseph U., D. .!., Mary Altura and Emma B. Five of these are living. 

AxlRON HILL, deceased, was a native of Connecticut, where liis life was j)assed until some 
time after he reached his majority. In many respects he was a representative man. He came 
to Ohio in a buggy, in 1830 — poor in purse, but rich in ambition — and for three years worked 
as a farm hand. In 1833, he returned to Connecticut, and married Lucinda Robinson, after 
which he again came to this county, and, purchasing land, remained here for the rest of his life. 
He died November 24, 1862, aged about sixty-five years. For the sake of educating his children, 
he removed to Yellow Springs soon after the opening of Antioch College, and remained four or 
five years. He had three children. He was industrious and frugal, a shrewd business man, 
and generous to a fault, always assisting the poor who were worthy, and lending his sympathy to 
ihose in distress. He was atfectionate and kind to his family, an obliging neighbor and a trusty 
friend. In later life, he made profession of religion, and devoted himself to a Christian life 
His last sickness was long and painful. 

WATERMAN HILL, farmer, P. O. Milford Center, was born in this township in 1834, and 
is a son of Aaron Hill, an old settler, whose name is mentioned elsewhere in this work. His 
early life was passed on the farm and in attending the district schools, where he obtained the 
rudiments of an education that was developed by a course of study at Antioch College. When 
twenty-one years of age, he began life for himself as a farmer. In 1870, he went to Yellow 
Springs to educate his children, and remained there seven years. In 1877, he returned to this 
county, and purchased 286 acres of his present farm, which consists of 314 acres. It is well im- 
proved, highly cultivated, and thoroughly s'ocked. On December 9, 1857, he married Miss 
Susan E. Bennett, by whom he has had four children, viz.: Anna L., Ollie L., Mattie M. and 
Blanche M. Mr. and Mrs. Hill are good and consistent members of the Methodist Church. He 
has never served in any official capacity, having no aspiration in that direction, but devotes his 
whole time and attention to the cultivation of his farm and the care of his family. 

EDWARD P. HOUGHTON, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born at Liverpool, England, 
April 14, 1851, and is a son of Zachariah B. Houghton. He passed his early life at Liverpool, 
and was educated at Cambridge University, from which he graduated in 1867. In 1871, he emi- 
grated to America and located in this county. Since his arrival, he has gone to England four 
times, making nine times that he has crossed the Atlantic. On New Year's Day, 1871, he mar- 
ried Jennette Drew, a daughter of Thomas Drew, and a grand-daughter of Samuel Drew, a man 
of great literary attainments and wide renown. By this marriage four children have been born, 
viz. : Gertrude, Zachariah, Harriet and Albert. Mr. Houghton is a member of Darby Lodge, 
I. O. 0. F., of Milford Center. 

WILLIAM McDonald Howard, farmer, p. 0. Irwin, was born on the farm now occu- 
pied by him, on October 20, 1839. His father, William Howard, was a native of Connecticut, 
who came to Ohio when a young man, and married Nancy McDonald, by whom he had three 
children, viz.: Nathan, Harriet, deceased, and William. The father died before our subject 
was born, and he was raised on the farm by his mother, who died in February, 1876. He was 
educated in the common schools of this county, and at Antioch College, Delaware, Ohio. In 
1866, he married Lucy McMullan, daughter of John and Lucy (Matthews) McMullan. By this 
union four children were born, viz. : William, John, Walter and Ancie. Mr. Howard is a 
Republican in politics, but he takes no part in party struggles, and devotes his time entirely to 
his farm. He owns a large amount of land in this and Madison County, and is extensively en- 
gaged in stock-raising and dealing. His farm is one of the pleasantest, neatest and best regu- 
lated in the county. 

WILLIAM B. IRWIN, deceased. In 1805, the worthy pioneer named here emigrated to 
Ohio from Wheeling, Va., and settled in Montgomery County. Two years later, he removed to 
Greene County, from which, after two more years had passed, he came to the territory now em- 
braced in Union County, and settled (in l!r09) in what is now Union Township in the county 
last named. He continued a resident of this county forty-nine years, and during that period 
held the office of County Surveyor twenty-two years. County Commissioner for a considerable 
length of time, and Justice of the Peace for Union Township forty years. In his capacity of 
surveyor, he became very familiar with this portion of the Virginia Military Lands, and was 
ab'e to settle many a knotty point connected with certain locations. " He was recognized," 



208 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

says a writer after his death, " as a man of good judgment, and this kept him in almost con- 
stant official position. He was highly esteemed by his fellow-citizens, no stain of any descip- 
tion having at any time soiled his good reputation." In 1858, he removed to Lebanon, Warren 
County, Ohio, at which place he continued his residence until his death, in October, 1878, at 
the age of eighty-three years. Ttie writer quoted above further says : " He has been gathered 
to his fiithers at a ripe old age, and his friends and neighbors, not only in Union County, but 
the county where he last resided, will hold his memory in reverence to their latest years." 
The Lebanon Gazette, in an obituary notice of him, uses the following language: 

"Another pioneer has gone to his final resting place. He sleeps the sleep that knows no 
waking. His toils and cares are over, and he is now receiving the promised rest, that only 
such men as he can have. This venerable and much-esteemed citizen of our place breathed his 
last here yesterday afternoon. He was eighty-three years old the 2d of this month. He died 
of general debility and old age, and passed away in a peaceful, quiet slumber. He had slept 
most of the time for five days previous to his demise, refusing any kind of nourishment that 
was offered him. His mind was not so much impaired, but he had no physical strength what- 
ever. Mr. Irwin has been an exemplary member of the Presbyterian Church for over sixty 
years, during most of which time he was an Elder, few were the meetings but what this aged 
sire might have been seen in his accustomed pew. He was a .Justice of the Peace in Union 
County for over forty years, and was a man of sterling worth and ability. He surveyed most of 
the land which now comprises the above named county ; and for years after he came to the 
county, although then past the meridian of life, he has surveyed many of the tracts in our own, 
county. He has been industrious to a fault, working when most men of his years and crippled 
condition would have given up and done nothing. His life is run, and now he will reap the re- 
ward of a crown in heaven." 

Mr. Irwin's remains were taken to Milford Center, Union County, for burial. 

MILO KIMBALL, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in Rush Township, Champaign 
Co., Ohio^ in 1835, and is a son of Beula Kimball, a native of Vermont, who settled in the above 
county when seventeen years of age, and was among the first settlers. Our subject passed his 
early life in his native county, and obtained his education in the district schools. In 1859, he 
married Hester A , daughter of Robert and Rebecca Mcllroy, and after marriage located on a farm 
in Rush Township, where he resided until 1872, when he purchased fifty-five acres where he now 
lives, which he owns in addition to 120 acres in Champaign County. He enlisted in May, 1864, 
in Company D, One Hundred and Sixty-fourth Regiment Ohio National Guards, and saw active 
service for four months, when he was honorablj discharged. He and his wife are members of 
the Christian Church, with which they hive been connected many years and in which he is a 
Deacon. They have had seven children, viz.: Delphos R., William B., Lewis H., Ora, deceased, 
Bennie, deceased, an infant, deceased, and Josiah Knight. 

ROBERT F. LEE, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in Hampshire County, AV. Va., Feb- 
ruary 14, 1824. His father, Thomas Lee, was born in Old Virginia in 1791, and died in Union 
County, Ohio, in March, 1864. He was a lifelong farmer, a Democrat in politics, and a member of 
the Christian Church. As a son of the "Old Dominion," he was hospitable and generous ; a man 
of decided convictions, he expressed his opinions without regard to public feeling and withal was 
a hard-working, honest pioneer. In 1816, he married Anna Goode, a daughter of Felix Goode, and 
a native of West Virginia, born in 1796; they had twelve children, viz.: Elizabeth, Addison, 
Sarah, Margaret, deceased, Robert F., Nancy, .Jacob C, .lane, Louisa, deceased, Martha, 
Thomas and Martin V.; of the survivors, one lives in Kansas and the others in Ohio, three of the 
latter in this county. The family came to Ohio in 1888 and located in Clark County, where they 
spent one year after which they made a permanent settlement in this county, where the mother 
died in 1870. Our subject was raised on a farm, and received a very limited education in the 
public schools of early days. He was married in 1847 to Elenor J , daughter of William Abra- 
ham, of this county, by whom he had two children — Anna Elizabeth, deceased, and William 
McClain. Mrs. Lee died in 1852, and in 1854 Mr. Lee married Sarah P. Gabriel, daughter of 
John Gabriel, of this county, and by her had six children, viz.: Francis D., Hilas M., Ora 0., 
John Douglass, deceased, Elizabeth J. and Emma Rossetta. .Mr. Lee's second wife died in 
March, 1873, and he remained a widower until July, 1882, when he married Mrs. Mary R. 
(Reedj Neal, a daughter of R. D. Reed, and widow of James Neal, deceased. Mr. Lee com- 
menced life for himself in 1847, purchasing sixty acres of land, which he afterward increased 
to 265 acres, 115 acres having recently been given to his sons. He is a member of the 
Christian Church and a Democrat in politics, but has never held an ofiicial position other 
than the minor township offices. 

BENJAMIN LOCKE, liveryman, Milford Center, was born in this township in the year 
1888. His father, John Locke, was a son of Benjamin Locke, one of the first settlers of this 
section. He built one of the first houses at Milford Center, where he died and where his family 
lived for a long time, when they scattered and went to other parts of the country. John Locke 
married Louisa, daughter of Benjamin Harrington, a pioneer of this county, and made this his 
permanent home, dying here in 1851. He was a farmer and a licentiate minister, and a man 
universally beloved and respected by all who knew him. He had a family of eight children, of 









"^UJi/T^J^^ 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 211 

whom our subject is the only resident of this county. The latter, in 1861, enlisted in Clinton 
County, 111., in the Nineteenth Illinois Zouaves, and, returning to Ohio after three months' 
service, he re-enlisted in Company B, Thirty-second Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, and being sent to the 
front, was taken prisoner at Harper's Ferry, but immediately paroled. He was with Sherman in 
the Vicksburg campaign, after which he was veteranized and came home on furlough. He re- 
turned to the base of operations before Atlanta, was with Sherman in his march to the sea and 
participated in many of the hard-fought battles of the war. In the latter days of the war, he 
was promoted to First Lieutenant of a colored company, but refused the commission and was dis- 
charged in 1865, having served four and a half years. Returning home, he engaged in work, 
and in 1867 started his present enterprise, in which he has since been engaged. He was a 
member of Darby Lodge, No. 636, I. 0. 0. F., for a time, but honorably withdrew his member- 
ship. 

LUCY ANN LUCAS, daughter of Elijah and Amy Ann Witter, old settlers of whom mention 
is made in this work, was born in Union County, Ohio, February 24, 1831. On April 3, 1851, 
she married Thomas Lucas, a native of Pennsylvania, of Scotch and German parentage, with 
whom she moved to Madison County, where he died in 1853, aged twenty-six years two months 
and four days. He was a Presbyterian in religious belief. Tbey hnd two children, viz.: Amy 
A., who married John M. Milton, by whom she had two children — Charlie M. and Raymond H.; 
and Lucy Amelia, who married William Owen, by whom she has two children — Henry Clay and 
Alta, both daughters, living in Mechanicsburg. Mrs. Lucas was married again in 1865 to Aman 
Stanton, by whom she had three children — Eunice M., and two that died in infancy. Mrs. Lucas 
is a member of the Baptist Church, to which she has been connected since eighteen years of age. 
Mr. Stanton was a member of Company A, Forty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, from February 
2, 1864, to July 3, 1865. 

GEORGE LYONS, druggist, Milford Center, was born in Union Township in 1846, and is a 
son of Benjamin and Mary (Morrow) Lyons, who were among the early settlers. The latter 
died February 13, 1882. They were parents of two children — Martha and George. Mrs. Lyons 

had been previously married to Whelpley. Mr. Lyons had been previously married twice, 

and had children. The early life of our subject was passed on a farm near Milford Center, and 
in attending the district schools, where he obtained an ordinary education. He remained on 
the farm until April, 1864, when he enlisted in the Thirty-second Ptegiment Ohio Volunteer In- 
fantry, Company F, and was immediately sent to the front in the Atlanta campaign. He par- 
ticipated in the actions at and around Atlanta, was with Sherman in his march to the sea and on 
grand parade at Washington D. C. He was discharged in July, 1865. Upon his return home, 
he followed difierent avocations until April, 1871, when he engaged in his present business. 
He is a member of the Darby Lodge, No. 636, I. 0. 0. F. He was married in 1876 to Nannie 
Steward, by whom he had three children — Dessie, decea>-ed, Charlie and Zoe. 

J. M. McILROY, farmer, P. O. Irwin, was born in Richland County, Ohio, in 1837, and is a 
son of James S. and Cassadia Mcllroy, the former a native of Washington County, Penn.. and 
the latter of Harrison County, Ohio. Our subject's boyhood was passed on a farm, his education 
being limited to the common schools. Before reaching his majority, he moved with his parents 
to Illinois, and after residing in that State about three years he went to Iowa, where he spent 
three years more, returning to Champaign County just before the war. In October, 1861, he 
enlisted as a private in Company H, Sixty-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and in De- 
cember, 18(>3, was veteranized, receiving at the same time a First Lieutenant's commission. He 
saw hard service until the close of the war, passed all the grades of promotion up lo Captain, 
and as such resigned his commission at Goldsboro, N. C, March 5, 1865. Returning home, he 
followed farming in Champaign County until 1882, when he bought 237 acres where he now re- 
sides. He was married, i\Iarch 13, 1866, to Susan, daughter of T. M. Kimball, of Champaign 
County, and by her has had four children, viz.: Nellie, Thaddeus, Lois and James. 

JAMES C. MILLER, Sr., retired, P. O. Irwin, was born at Green River, N. Y., December 
14, 1797, and is a son of Joseph Miller. He came to Ohio in 1814 and in the spring of 1815 
came to his uncle, Samuel Colver's, in this township. In the fall of the same year, his mother, 
Ruth Colver, with her children, Samuel and Charity, came to Ohio and made a permanent 
settlement here. Mr. Miller continued living in the township until 1865, during that time par- 
taking of the official honors of the township, and serving the people as a Trustee and Justice of 
the Peace. He was also a Colonel of militia in the old days of State militia. He was married 
in 1821 to Zelinda, daughter of Eliphas Burnham, and after marriage settled in Survey No. 9,020, 
where he lived several years and then located on land now owned by James Fullington, in Sur- 
vey No. 4,946 ; here he lived until 1849, when he settled where J. B. Miller now lives, and re- 
mained until 1860; in 1865, he went to Missouri, but returned in 1869 and has since lived here. 
He had seven children, viz.: Harriet, Eliphas (deceased), Zelinda, James, Lydia A., Rebecca 
and Harrison. Mrs. Miller died September 1, 1877 ; she was born in Windham County, Conn. 
Mr. Miller is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and of the Universalist Church. Though 
over fourscore years of age, he retains all his mental faculties, is well preserved in body and 
bids fair to live many years. His mother was married the second time to Henry Smith, by 
whom she had two children — Charity and Samuel. Mr. Miller's grandson, John B. Miller, the 



212 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

subject of this additional notice, was born in Madison County in 1850, and is a son of James C. 
Miller, Jr., a native of this county, now livings in Champaign County. He was reared in Madi- 
son County, and at the age of ten years settled where he uow lives, and owns 153 acres of land 
in three counties. He w.as married to Mary E., daughter of George Hopliins, an old settler, by 
whom he has had four children, viz.: Lewis B., Nettie M., Harrison and Pearl. 

GEORGE MITCHELL, farmer, P. O. Milford Center, is a son of Moses AHtchell and Jane 
Taylor, his wife. Moses Mitchell was a son of David Mitchell, who came from Kentucky to 
Ohio, and in 1800 settled in Darby Township, where he bought 800 acres of land, on which he 
made a permanent home, afterward making additions to his original tract. Moses Mitchell was 
fifteen years old when the family came to tliis county. He married Jane Taylor, a daughter of 
a pioneer, and resided in Darby Township until his death. He was successful in his firminff 
operations and succeeded in accnmulaticg considerable property. He served for a time in the 
war of 1812 as a substitute for his brother. He was a great hunter, and very successful in his 
dealings with the Indians, having a decided tact in that direction. His milling was done at 
Chillicothe, to which place he drove with an ox team. He had five children, viz.: Martha (de- 
ceased), Moses (deceased), Daniel, David and George, the survivors living in this county. Mrs. 
Mitchell died in 1823, and Mr. Mitchell married Jemima Cartwright, by whom he iiad seven 
children, viz.: Melissa, Betsey, Abraham (deceased), Aaron (deceased), Amanda (deceased), 
Margaret A. (deceased) and Elijah, the three survivors residing in this county. George enlisted 
in 1864 as a priv.ate in Company B, Eighty-eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was discharged 
July 3, 1865; Elijah was a member of a three months regiment of National Guards. The 
father died in 1861 or 1862, at an advanced age. He was a moral, upright man, of e.xcellent 
habits. Our subject was born in 1823, and has been a life resident of this county. He was mar- 
ried in 1816 to Ann Gamble, of Union County, by whom he has four children — William, 
Sarah .!., Samantha and Nathan. The parents are exemplary Christian people and members of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

J. A. MOORE, miller, Milford Center, was born in Nodaway County, Mo., in 1847, and 
is a son of William and Mary Moore, natives of Ohio, who removed to Missouri at an early day. 
The former was a millwright by trade and erected the fir^t mill in the above county, which was 
burned down by the Indians after its completion. Mr. Moore becoming discouraged, started for 
Iowa, but while still in Missouri was overtaken by a prairie fire, in which his wife was consumed. 
This was in 1850. The county seat of Nodaway County, Marysville, was nameil after Mrs. 
Moore, whose given name was .M.ary. Mr. Moore died at Cannelton, on the Ohio River, in 1851, 
while en route for home. He had seven children, five of whom returned to Belmont County, 
Ohio. Our subject remained in Belmont County until fourteen years of age, when he entered a 
printing office at Coshocton, Ohio, and remained one year. In 1862. when but fifteen years of 
age, he enlisted in the Twelfth Ohio Independent Battery, in which he served three years, seeing 
and participating in a number of the hard-fought battles of the war. He was dicharged March 
1, 1865. After his return home he attended school one term in Columbiana County, Ohio, after 
which he clerked in a drug store one year. He then served a regular term of apprenticeship 
tc tiie blacksmith trade, and after carrying on a shop for three years sold out, and in 1871 be- 
gan working at milling, a trade he had partly acquired before entering the army. He was mar- 
ried in 1869, to Etta, daughter of S. D. Elliot, his partner in the mill at Milford Center, and by 
her he lias one son, Orrie. Mr. Moore is a member of Darby Lodge, No. 636, I. 0. 0. P., and 
was a charter member of the Encampment at Marysville. 

MRS. EUNICE B. MOORE, retired, Milford Center. Is the wife of William B. Moore and 
the daughter of Elijah Wiiter. She was born in Madison County, Ohio, in 1835. Her first 
marriage was celebrated with George Harris, of Franklin County, Ohio, in 1854, by whom she 
had three children, viz.: Amy C, wife of Eli Gabriel, Amanda S., and an infant deceased. Mr. 
Harris died in Madison County, Ohio, in 1865. Her present husband is a native of New Jersey, 
to whom she was married in 1866. The entire family are members of the Baptist Church and 
exemplary Christian people. 

ANTHONY MORAN, farmer and manufacturer of drain tile, P. 0. Milford Center, was 
born in this county July 7, 1829, and is a son of Edward and Eliza (Locke) Moran, the former 
a native of Ireland, and the latter of Connecticut. At the age of twenty years, the former came 
to this country and settled in this township at a very early day, making it his permanent home. 
He had five children — Mary, Anthony, John, James and Jane — our subject being the only sur- 
vivor. Mr. Moran died August 10, 1837, and his wife in 1848. She was a daughter of Jonathan 
Locke, an old seitler, who died in July, 1832. Our subject remained in the township, where he 
was raised until 1855, when he went to Illinois, but in 1858 here-turned to this county. In 
1851, he married Imogene, daughter of A. Woodworth, an old settler, and by her had nine 
children, viz.: .\llen, John, Ella, Charley, Etta, deceased, Asa, deceased, Mary, deceased. Lulu, 
and an infant, deceised. Mr. Moran has been Assessor of the township three years. He is a 
member of Mechanicsburg Lodge, No. 113, F. & A. M. Thirteen years ago he began the manu- 
facture of drain tile, within sight of his present kiln, and has since manufactured annually large 
quantities of all sizes and of superior quality. His machinery is all propelled by horse-power. 

RAY G. MORSE, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in Rhode I.vland November 16, 
1808, and is a son of Joseph and Renua (Greene) Morse. He (Joseph) was born in Vermont 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 213 

and his wife in Rhode Island. In 1818, they with their family of nine children and Lydia 
Morse, the mother of Joseph, came to this county. The children who accompanied their parents 
•were named as follows: Renna. Aseneth, .Joseph, Ray G., Alfred, Permilla, William, Isaac and 
one whose name is unknown. Archibald, Caleb and Betsey remained in Rhode Island and after- 
ward came to this county. The journey to their Ohio home occupied forty-nine days. Mr. 
Morse bought a fai'm of 100 acres in Madison County, Ohio, which he lost, because of a defective 
title. He then located in Milford Center, where he followed smithing, carpentering and plow- 
making ; and when able he bought land where George Hawley now lives, whe; e he died. He 
was a member of the Christian Church and a highly respected citizen. For two years after 
coming to Ohio, our subject worked in a cotten factory, where he learned to spin At the age of 
sixteen, he began the smith's trade, at which he worked five years for board and clothes. He be- 
gan life with a capital of 75 cents and a suit of clothes worth about $3. He rented 
a set of tools and began work in Milford Center and prospered. Selling his property in 
the above-named place for $900, he bought 117 acres of land where he now lives in 1839, for 
which he paid $o per acre. Soon after, he bought sixty-three acres at $7.12^ per acre, an- 
other tract of 100 acres at $10 per acre, and still another 100 acres at $3-5 per acre. At the 
present time he owns 640 acres of land, 160 of which are in Illinois. In 1829, he was marriel 
■to Sarah Parihemore, by whom he has had six children, viz.: William, .John, Clariet, Ray G., .Jr. , 
Joseph and George N., deceased. Joseph served three moutlH in the late war with Capt, Robb. 
John and Ray G., Jr., served in defense of Cincinnati with the -'Squirrel Hunter Brigade." 

JOHN G. NICOL, farmer, P. 0. Mirysville, a native of Germany, was born January .31, 
1827. He is a son of George ana Hattie Nicol, who emigrated to the United States in 1834, and 
settled near Columbus, Ohio, wbence they removed to Darby Township, Uniou County, where 
they both died, the former in 1860, and the latter in 1875. They were members of the Lutheran 
Church and highly esteemed citizens. Our subject was reared on his father's farm and received 
his training in the common schools. March 23, 1854, he was married to Miss Ann M. Weid- 
man, a daughter of Lewis and Catherine Weidman, and a native of Germany. She was born 
December 4, 1834. Of nine children by this union seven are living, viz.: Anna C, wife of 
George Trapp ; Margaret A., Lizzie, Mary A., Katie, Lillie and Charlie C. John L., an estima- 
ble young man, died May 15, 1881, aged twenty years, and Willie died October 6, 1837. aged 
two years. Mr. Nicol has always pursued the avocation of farming, and with success. He owns 
a good farm of 127 acres, well improved, and adorned with a substantial brick residence erected 
in 1878, at a cost of $2,000. Mr. Nicol and family are associated as members of the Lutheran 
<]!hurch. He is a worthy and highly respected citizen. 

MATTHEW PATCH, farmer, P. O. Milford Center, was born in Jerome Township, this 
county, in 1847, and is a son of Herman Patch, an old settler living in the above township. Our 
subject was reared to farm pursuits, and had only the advantages of a common education. On 
October 21, 1866, he was married to Mary C. Linnville, by whom he has had two children, viz.: 
J. N. and N. B. He remained in his native township till September, 1879, when he located 
where he now lives, owning sixty and one-half acres of well-improved land. 

F. S. PEARL, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in Connecticut July 28, 1817, and is 
a son of Philip Pearl, a native of the same State, and a son of Philip Pearl, Sr., who likewise 
was a native of Connecticut. In 1838, our subject came to Ohio and settled in Champaign County, 
where he bought land. In 1840, he was married to Mary Biggs. In 1873, he located where he 
now resides, and where he owns 240 acres of well-improved land. He has been Trustee of his 
townsiiip, and was elected Justice of the Peace but refused to qualify. To Mr. and Mrs. Pearl 
has been born one child, viz.: Hannah. Mr. Pearl is a liberal minded gentleman, and always 
takes great interest in public improvements. 

WILLIAm C. PIPER, deceased, was born in Pennsylvania, and was a son of Piper, 

who died when on his way to Ohio. He (William C.) was but a boy at the time, and so had a 
full experience in the early history of the country. He was married in 1835 to Miss H. F., the 
daughter of Rich.ard and Margaret (Robinson) Gabriel, and afterward settled where his family 
now reside. He held the office of Trustee for twenty-five years, was a member of the Presby- 
terian Church and a consisteut Christian gentleman. He was the father of six children, viz.: 
Leonidas, Isabelle, William L., Rose A., Maggie and Eli G. Leonidas and William were mem- 
bers of the Fortieth Ohio I'egiment. The latter served three years and returned to his home 
uninjured. The former was a member of the regimental band, and was discharged on account 
of sickness. Mr. Piper died May 2, 1876, at the age of sixty-eight years. Mrs. Piper was born 
in this township October 13, 1811, and has lived in the township all her life. 

DR. G. W. PLIMELL, Irwin, was born in Madison County, Ohio, in 1839, and is a son of 
John and Winnie Plimell, natives of Virginia, who located in the above county in 1818. The 
Doctor's early life was passed upon the farm. In September, 1861, he volunteered in Company 
A, Fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and participated in a number of the hard-fought battles of 
the war, and was severely wounded at Lookout Mountain November 24, 1863, He was hon- 
orably discharged, a non-commissioned Sergeant, in October, 1864. In 1865, he began the study 
of medicine under his brother. Dr. J. T. Plimell, who was his preceptor for some time. In 
1876, he entered the E. M. Institute at Cincinnati, Ohio, from which he graduated in 1877, and 



214 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

soon after located in Irwin, where he has built up a good practice. The Doctor is a member of 
the Ancient Order of .Masons, holding membership in the Mechanicsburg Lodge. In 1867, he 
was married to Miss L. E. Lee, of Madison County, Ohio, by whom he has had two children, 
viz.: Clara G. and an infant, unnamed, deceased. 

WILLIAM PORTER, farmer, V. 0. .Milford Center, was born in Erie County, Penn., in 
January, 1803, and is a son of .John and Elizabeth Porter, natives of Pennsylvania, where the 
latter died. John Porter came to Ohio in 1817. and settled on Darby Creek, in this township. 
Six children came to Ohio with him, viz.: John, Jesse, Robert, Mary, Elizabeth and William, 
all of whom married and reared families, except Robert, and of them William alone survives. 
Mr. Porter had preceded his family to this county and married Susannah Piper, a widow lady, 
by whom he had four children — Maria, Lucinda J., Nancy and Minerva; Lucinda (Hopkins) 
being the only survivor. By his third wife, Hannah Dodds, he had two children — Susan, who 
lives in Keokuk County, Iowa, and Martha, deceased. Mr. Porter was only moderately success- 
ful in life ; he was an Associate Judge of the county, appointed by the Legislature, and was 
serving as such at the time of his death. He was an ex-soldier of the war of 1812, a strong 
anti-slavery man, and a zealous member of the United Presbytei-ian Church, in which he was a 
Deacon. He died in 1838 at the age of sixty-two years, universally loved and respected by all 
Vho knew him. Our subject was nearly fifteen years of age when his father came to Ohio. 
They made the whole journey in a wagon, and were three weeks on the road. In 1822, our sub- 
ject cut down the first trees for the first court house in Union County. In 1827, he purchased 
land where he now lives, and in the year following built a cabin, which is still standing. In 
December, 1828, he moved onto his purchase, cleared the land and improved the place, and has 
since remained there in general prosperity. From 1853 to 1856, he served as a Commissioner 
and as Trustee of this township. He is the oldest member living in this county of the Presby- 
terian Church, to which he has belonged fifty-seven years, and he has been a Deacon and Elder 
of the church here for thirty years. He takes an active interest in religious affairs, and has 
always contributed liberally of his means to the church. He was married January 20, 1825, to 
Hannah Snodgrass, by whom he had seven children, viz.: William L., Harvey W. and Salina 
E., living, and Sabia J., George C, Alvin and Elizabeth, deceased. Alvin enlisted in 1864 in 
Company F, Thirty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was sent to his command via Cairo to 
Tennessee, above Pittsburg Landing. He was in the battle of Atlanta, after which, his health 
failing, he was put on light duty for awhile, then sent to Chattanooga Hospital, and after being 
transferred several times was honorably discharged May 24, 1865. Returning home with his 
health completely broken down, he lingered four years and then died, while in Columbus as 
roadmaster, Mrs. Porter died October 3, 1876, aged eighty years one month and six days. 
She was a daughter of Robert and Jane Snodgrass, who came from Pennsylvania to Ohio in 
1800, with four children — Jane, James, Hannah and William. He soon afterward purchased 
land and became a permanent settler of the county, where he died in 1835 in his seventy-eighth 
year ; his wife died in 1833, aged seventy-two. Four children, Robert, Samuel, George and 
Thomas, were born to them after their settlement in this county. George alone surTiyes, and 
resides in Marysville. 

F. G. REYNOLDS, cashier Branch Bank, Milford Center, was born in Milford Center in 
1846, and is a son of E. L. Reynolds, an old settler, whose biography appears in this work. The 
boyhood of our subject was passed in his native village, where his rudimentary education was 
obtained. He also attended school at Marysville, and at the Bryant & Stratton Commercial 
College of Indianapolis. After completing his education he went to Pittsburgh, where he found 
employment in keeping the books of a large establishment for about ten years. He then re- 
turned to Milford Center, where he has since been actively engaged in business. In February, 
1881, he was appointed cashier of the Branch Bank. He was married, January 17, 1877, to 
Miss Mac, the daughter of Hiram Stokes, of this county, by whom he has had one child — 
Edna. 

WILLIAM RICHTER, grocer, Milford Center, was born in Germany, June 2, 1828, where 
his early life was passed, and where he spent three jears learning his trade, which he followed 
five years before his emigration. In 1852, he came to America, landing in New York on the 5th 
of July, and coming immediately to Cincinnati, where he worked at his trade three years. He 
afterward spent one year in Kentucky, one year in Cleveland, and two years in Greencastle, 
Indiana. He was married in Indianapolis, in 1858, to Elizabeth Weigand, and returned to 
Greencastle. He then carried on a bakery at Circleville, Ohio, eighteen months, at Chillicothe 
six months, and worked at his trade in Columbus five weeks. In 1861, he came to Marysville, 
and after laboring eighteen months, carried on a bakery and grocery twelve years with success. 
He afterward spent one year in Urbana and two years in Columbus, coming to Milford Center 
June 14, 187T, where he has since carried on a bakery, grocery and boarding-house. In 1873, 
he engaged in brewing at Marysville, but was not successful, losing in the enterprise f 14,000. 
He has had nine children, eight living, viz. : John, Lizzie, Maggie, Frank, Caroline, Lillie, 
Theresa and Frederick. Theresa, the fourth child was accidentally shot in Urbana, and died at 
the age of seven years. 

AV. M. SNODGRASS, merchant and Postmaster, Milford Center, was born in this township 
in the year 1843, and is a son of Robert and Nellie (Robinson) Snodgrass, pioneers in this 



UNION TOWNSHIP. 215 

county. The early life of our subject was passed in Milford Center, and in the school of the 
place he obtained a practical education. Upon attaining his majority, he engaged iu the mer- 
cantile business, and has been entirely successful. jNIr. Snodgrass is a quiet gentleman, with 
no taste for notoriety or public prominence, much preferring to look after his own business in- 
terests to the thankless task of assisting in public affairs. He is a Free and Accepted Mason, 
belonging to Palestine Lodge, No. 158. In 1878, he was married to Miss Mary, the accom- 
plished daughter of D. L. .Joseph, who has borne him one child, viz., Pearl. Mr. Snodgrass 
carries a general and well assorted stock of merchandise, consisting of everything usually found 
in a first-class retail house. He was appointed Postmaster in 1873. 

HIRAM STOKES, retired, Milford Center, was born in this township in 1813, and is a 
son of .John and Rhoda (Carey) Stokes ; the former was born near Winchester, Va., and about the 
year 1804 came to this township, in which he purchased 110 acres of land. He married the 
daughter of Calvin Carey, a native of New Jersrey, who settled here in 1802. John Stokes 
lived on the land he bought till his death, which occurred in 1817. Part of the business done 
by the first court ever held in Union County was to make Mrs. Stokes guardian of her own 
children. Mr. Stokes was one of the first Justices of the Peace. Four children were born to 
them, of whom two are living, viz. : Hiram, and Maria Woods, ?iee Stokes. John and Hoopey 
are deceased. Mrs. Stokes died in 1863, aged seventy-four years. The early life of our subject 
was passed on a farm, and after attaining his majority he began to deal in stock, and drove 
large herds to the Eastern markets, and extended his trade West to the prairies of Illinois. He 
has been engaged in the mercantile business at Milford Center, and was once burned out. On 
December 10, 1842, he was married to Clara, the daughter of Amasa Chapman, of New Hamp- 
shire, who settled here in 1832. Five children have been born to them, four of whom are living, 
viz. : Mary, John C, Clara and Bertha ; John, the eldest, being deceased. Mrs. Stokes died July 
3(», 1874. Mr. Stokes is a well-informed gentleman, and through life has borne the reputation 
of being a pushing, enterprising man, honorable and straightforward in every business trans- 
action. 

/ WILLIAM THOMPSON, deceased, was born in Franklin County, Ohio, in 1834, and was a 
son of Joseph and Eliza Thompson, natives of the above county. His early life was passed in 
his native county where his education was obtained in the common schools. He learned the 
trade of a tinner at Columbus, and in 1856 or 1857 came to Milford Center and engaged in the 
hardware business, which he followed until his decease, May 9, 1870. He was married in 1858 
to Miss Mary J. Fuller, of this county, by whom he had one child — McDonald. He was a mem- 
ber of Marysville Lodge, F. & A. M., a successful man in business, and a highly esteemed citi- 
zen, whose death was deeply deplored by his friends and by the cemmunity at large. 

J. G. TURNER, Justice of the Peace and harness-maker, Milford Center, was born in 
Marysville, Ohio, in 1838, and is a son of ex-Probate Judge James Turner, deceased, and An- 
gella (Steere) Turner. The boyhood days of our subject were passed in his native village, and 
in its schools he received a practical education. At the age of eighteen years he began learning 
harness-making, and served a three years' apprenticeship. In April, 1861, he enlisted in Com- 
pany F, Thirteenth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Capt. Hawkins, afterward Colonel of the 
regiment. He enlisted in the three months' service, but at the expiration of the term he en- 
listed with the rest of his regiment for three years. He participated in the engagements at 
Carnifex Ferry, Pittsburg Landing, Resaca, Chickamauga, Stone Pviver and New Hope Church, 
the latter being fought after his term expired, and was discharged as an Orderly Sergeant in 
1864. After his return he took up his trade, wording at it in this county, and four years at 
Carrollton, 111., and in 1876 located at Milford Center. In 1877, he was elected Justice of the 
Peace and Mayor of the village, filling the latter office two years and the former almost con- 
stantly to the present. He was also elected Township Clerk in 1877, and has served consecu- 
tively ever since. He is a member of Darby Lodge, No. 636, I. 0. 0. F. He was married in 
1878 to Miss Mollie L. Alexander, of Marysville, by whom he has had one child — Nancy Angella. 
He is a stanch Republican in politics. 

WILLIAM R. WEBB, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in Windham County, Conn., 
July 29, 1818, and is a son of James and Dolly (Ripley) Webb, natives of Connecticut, who set- 
tled in Champaign County, Ohio, in 1^21, and in 1822 Mrs. Webb died. In 1826, our subject 
returned to his native State to obtain an education, and in 1835 returned to Ohio and settled 
in Clark County. In 1851, he settled in Allen Township, this county, and in 1872 came to his 
present place of residence. While living in Allen Township he held the office of Assessor eight 
years, Commissioner of the county six years, and Justice of the Peace three years, and in this 
township he has been Assessor one year. He owns 147 acres of excellent land. In 1841, he 
was married to Harriet M. Clark, by whom he has had seven children, five of whom are living, 
viz.: Dwight, Laura M., Helen A., Arthur R. and Harriet A. James E. (deceased), was a mem- 
ber of Company B, Thirty-seoond Ohio Volunteer Infantry, enlisted in 1863, and was killed at 
Harper's Ferry three weeks after leaving home, aged eighteen years. 

WILLIAM WINGET, deceased, was born in Pennsylvania in 1797, and was a son of Stephen 
Winget, who settled in Madison County, Ohio, in 1802. Our subject was reared in Madison 
County, where he passed his early life. After his first marriage — to Tabitha Gill, an old settler 



216 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

— he removed to Champaign County, where he lived for about ten years, and then bought hind 
where his fiimily now lives, which was then all in woods, and which he cleared up. He pros- 
pered in life, and at his death owned nearly 200 acres of land. One child by his tirst 
marriage died in childhood. His tirst wife, whom he married in .1820, was born in 1801, 
and died October 29, 1856. On July 9, 1857, he married Sarah J., daughter of .James 
Reed, of whom mention is made in this work, and by her had three children — William, de- 
ceased July 1, 1861, aged nearly three years; Anna W. Baldwin nee Winget, and Phehe. He 
also adopted four children, viz.: Luther Winget, William Winget (deceased), Catherine and 
illizabeth. Mr. Winget served as Trustee of his township, and as a member of the School Board. 
He was a man of a religious turn of mind and contributed freely to the church and ministry. 
He died April 5, 1874. Mrs. Winget was born in this township November 24, 1825. James 
Reed, her father, was born in Pennsylvania in 1794, and died January 29, 1870. He married 
Anna P Robinson, of an old and much respected family of the county, who was born April 23, 
1804, and died August 15, 1850. They had fourteen children, viz.: .James R., Samuel L., John 
M., Sarah J., Elizabeth, Lucinda A., William M., Mary W., Malinda, Emiline, Cyrus, Fluphemia, 
and two that died in infancy. Of these, eleven were raised, and six now reside in this county. 

LUTHER WINGET, ftxrmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was boru in Maryland in 182 3, and is a son 
of William and Mary (Tumbleson) Winget, natives of the same State, who settled in Madison 
County, Ohio, in 1833. At an early age our subject went to live with William Winget, a rela- 
tive and a resident of this township, with whom he remained until 1848, at which time he was 
married to Martha J., the daughter of Elisha Reynolds, after which he settled where he now 
resides, owning in the aggregate 700 acres of land. He has made life a great success, anil is 
fully entitled to the confidence and respect reposed in him by the people. He is a member of 
the Presbyterian Church, and has always given liberally to the poor. William Valentine, an 
adopted son of Mr. Winget's, was born in Hardin County, Ohio, in 1842. On February 10, 
1862, he enlisted in Company I, Eighty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and for meritorious 
services and bravery on the field of battle, he rapidly rose from the ranks. He became Second 
Lieutenant of Company E, .lune 1, 1803, and was severely wounded at Gettysburg, Penn., July 
1, 1803; was promoted to First Lieutenant of Company I, December 20, 1863, and afterward 
promoted to the Captaincy of Company K. He was mortally wounded at Bentonville, N. C, 
and died in Fayetteville, N. C, March 27, 1865. His remains were interred in Kenton County, 
Ohio. 

ELIJAH WITTER, Jr., farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in Ontario County, N. 
Y., in 1807. His father, Elijah, was a son of Elijah, who was a son of Joseph Wittt-r. Joseph 
was a son of Ebenezer, who was a son of Josiah, whose father, William Witter, came to America 
with his daughter and the widow and two children of his son William, who died on the passage 
over, in 1640, and settled at Lynn, Mass. He lived to a ripe age. At one time the Revs. 
Obediah Holmes, John Clark and Crandall met at his house to hold religious services, and on 
proceeding contrary to the Puritan doctrine they were arre teil by the town constable. Crandall 
was fined 5 <£, Clark 20 £, Holmes 30 £., the latter not being able to pay the fine, receiving 
thirty lashes. The fiimily was numerous and largely scattered over the New England States, 
in which they made their homes for many years. The father of our subject settled in Ontario 
County, N. Y., where he died. His grandparents lived on the Susquehanna River in Penn- 
sylvania, and were driven from their homes three times by the Indians, and house bu'ned, but 
escaped each time without injury. Our subject was reared in the wilds of his nativecounty, and 
in 1829, when a single man, he came to this county, where in 1830, he married Amy Ann 
Ballou, a daughter of Martin and Betsey (Lyon) Ballou, who settled where Mr. Witter now 
resides, about 1820. Aftfr marriage, he located on land where the infirmary now stands, 
which he sold two years afterward and moved to Madison tlounty, where he farmed eighteen 
years. He then returned to this county and settled on the place where he now resides. He 
came from his New York home, with a rifle in his hand and a pack on his back, walking from 
Cleveland ; and now he owns 500 acres of land in this county, and 600 in Madison County, all 
made by his personal eft'oris. His wife inherited 187 acres of land. He and his wife are mem- 
bers of the Baptist Church, to which he has belonged since nineteen years of age. He has hid 
ten children born to him, viz.: J..ucy A., Elijah M., Betsey, Rev. Henry H., a Baptist minister, 
L»r. Alfred A., Albert B., Ezra E., William, deceasfd, aged three years, Marvin, deceased, aged 
seven years, and ^Liria, deceased, aged twenty-one years. One child resides in Jamestown, Ohio, 
one in Madison County, and the rest in Union County. Martin Ballou and wife came to Ohio in 
1817, and settled in Columbus, where they remained three years. He was a native of Rhode 
Island, and she of Boston. In 1820, he settled where ]\Ir. Witter now resides, clearing the land 
and residing on it through life. For sLxteen years he was engaged in driving cattle over the 
mountains for the Eastern markets. He at one time owned about 1,000 acres of land. They had 
eight children, four of whom grew up, but only Mrs. Witter now survives. The others were Lucy, 
David, Henry, John, Alfred Horace, Clarissa. Mr. Ballou died in 1870, aged eighty-nine years ; 
his wife in 1851, aged seventy-two. 

A. A. WITTER, farmer and proprietor saw mill, P. 0. Milford Centre, is a son of 
Elijah Witter, whose sketch appears elsewhere, and was born in Madison County in 1845. 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 217 

His early life, after he was seven years of age, was spent in this township, where he attended 
the district schools, receiving the rudiments of an education that was completed at Nelson's 
Comraeroial College at Cincinnati. On August 9, 1861, he enlisted in Company B, Thirty-second 
Regr'nient Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and after a month's drill was sent to the front where he saw 
service until disabled in West Virginia, while assisting in building block-houses, after which he 
was honorably discharged. Returning home, he took a regular course of study in and grad- 
uated from the Cincinnati Eclectic School of Medicine and Surgery. He spent two years prac- 
ticing his profession in East St. Louis, and one year in Southeast Missouri, after which he 
returned to Ohio and remained several years. He then went to Texas, and spent one year in 
Austin and two years in Rockdale, after which he was obliged to abandon the practice on 
account of liis health, and has since been farming. In 1867, he married Almira J. Sanderson, 
of Illinois, by whom he has had three children — Elijah, Anna and May. He' is a member of 
Milford Lodge, No. 6s6, I. O. 0. F. He l)egan operating a saw-mill in 1881, running it by steam. 

ALBERT B. WITTER, farmer, P. O. Milfjrd Center, is a son of Elijah AVitter ; was born in 
Madison County, Ohio, in 1840. He was married in 1867 to Susan, the daughter of Solomon Bland, 
by whom he has had four children, viz. : Effie M., Jesse V., Don D. and Lou. Mr. W. own.s 140 
acres of fine land, an I lias recently built one of the finest country residences in the town- 
ship, at a cost of $4,000. Mrs. Witter is an acceptable member of the Baptist Church. 

SAMUEL WOODS, deceased, was born on the place where his widow now hves, August 26, 
1810, and was a son of Samuel and Margaret (Power) Woods, the former born in Westmoreland 
County, Penn., January 2o, 1779, and tlie latter January 15, 1789. In 1807, they settled in 
this township. He was the first Presbyterian preacher in this township, and died in 1815 
Five children were born to him, one living, viz , James F. The deceased were John P., Eliza 
Samuel and the laie Judge William Woods, Samuel, Jr., was twice married, first to Lydia A. 
Hathaway, 7iee Burnham, November 2, 1848, who bore him two children, viz.: Leon and Clara 
A. Mrs. Woods died July 2, 1855. His second marriage was celebrated March 15, 1859, with 
Maria E. St'^kes Mr. Woods was a successful farmer and a much respected citizen, and de- 
parted this life March 3, 1880. He owned nearly 300 acres of excellent land. 

A. A. WOODWORTH, farmer, P. 0. Irwin; was born in Connecticut September 9. 1804, 
and is a son of Jasper and Betsey (Pieed) Woodworth, natives of New England, where he 
(Jasper) died in 1811. Mrs. Woodworth was again married to Erastus Burnham, and in 1817 
they came to Ohio, and located on the line between Union and Champaign Counties, where they 
bought 200 acres of land. To Jasper Woodworth and wife were born three children, viz.: 
Charles, Sarah and A. A. By her second Imsband, she had four children, viz.: Mary, Tater R, 
and Olive, twins, and Philo. Mrs. Burnham died in 1856. Mr. B. died in 1826. Both be- 
longed to the Christian Church. In 1832, our subject was married to Hilah, the daughter of 
Elijah Reynolds, after which he bought 200 acres of land, where he no v resides, at $5 per acre ; 
he now owns 500 acres of land. Sixteen children have been born to them, eleven of whom are 
living: Lucina A., deceased; Imogene, Orentha, Elisha R., deceased; Mary E., J. C, Sarah E., 
Hilah A., deceased ; Asahel A., Lewis C, deceased ; Fremont, William, Charles, Bennett, Alonzo 
and Reuben. J. C. was a memlier of the One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio V^olunteer In- 
ftintry; enlisted in 1862, and was discharged in 1865. Elijah and Mary (Witter) Reynolds, 
the parents of Mrs. Woodworth, settled in this township in 1815, on 700 acres of land he pur- 
chased. He was born in Maryland, and she in New York. He died in 1842; t-he in 1838. 
Nine children were born to them, viz: Sarah, deceased; Elizibeth, Mary, deceased; Immer, 
Ira, Delilah, Miles, deceased; Hilah and Lewis. By his second wife, Sophia Burnham, he had 
one child, viz.: Martha J. He (Mr. Reynolds) was a soldier in the war of 1812. 



CHAPTER III 



DAKBY TOWNSHIP, 
Darby Township was formed as a part of Franklin County May 10, 1803, 
at a mfteting of the Associate Judges of that county, held at Franklinton. The 
boundaries as originally established were as follows: "Beginning on the west 
bank of the Scioto River, one mile in a direct line above the mouth of Roaring 
Run; from thence on a direct line to the junction of Treacle's Creek with 
Darby Creek, which is frequently called the Forks of Darby; thence south into 
the line between the counties of Ross and Franklin; thence west with said 
line until it intersects the county line of Greene; thence with the last- men- 
tioned line north, and from the point of beginning up the Scioto to the north- 



218 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

ern boundary of Fi'anklin County." The point of beginning was nenr what 
is now Dublin, Franklin County, and the stream then called Roaring Run is 
now Hay den's Run. Treacle's Creek enters Darby in what is now Union Town- 
ship, Union County. The name of Darby Township was derived from the 
stream which courses through its territory as now defined. Darby is conse- 
quently the oldest township in what is now Union. It was one of the three 
townships which formed Union County the first year of its existence, and by 
the successive erection of new townships inroads were made upon its once ex- 
panded limits until reduced to its present size. After its organization as a 
part of Union County, in 1820, the first election was held October 10 of that 
year, for State and county officers. Frederick Sager, Samuel Robinson and 
James Boal were the Judges; Clark Provin and Aaron Fossey, Clerks. Forty- 
nine votes were cast. James Ewing received 47 for Sheriff; James 
Kennedy 42 for Coroner; Robert Nelson 44 for Commissioner; Ethan Bi'own 
44 for Governor; Nicholas Hathaway 45 for Representative; Joseph Foos 40 
for Senator, and Joseph Vance 31 for Congressman. Darby is the central 
one of the three southern townships of Union County. On the east is Jerome 
and a corner of Mill Creek, and on the west Union; Paris on the north; 
Madison County bounds it on the south. Its outlines, which are made to 
conform to survey lines, are very irregular. The surface may be described as 
slightly undulating. Big Darby Creek enters from the west and flows south- 
easterly, leaving the township near its southeast corner. Buck Run, a stream 
of some size, flows south along the northwestern line of the township till it 
reaches Big Darby. Robinson's Run is north of and nearly parallel with 
Big Darby. It enters that stream in Jerome Township. Little Darby Creek 
forms the boundary line for a short distance in the southwestern corner. The 
Pittsburgh, Cincinnati & St. Louis Railroad crosses the township in a north- 
westerly and southeasterly course. 

South of Big Darby, most of the land in this township is a part of what 
was known as Darby Plains. The plains extended faj- down into Madison 
County, and were so named from the scanty forest growths that were found 
here. Small patches of timber of vnrious sizes, consisting principally of 
burr oak and young hickory, covered perhaps one-half the surface. Thick- 
ets of wild plum trees, which produced a luscioxis variety of fruit, were clus- 
tered in places, with hazel bushes, jack oak and various other species of un- 
dergrowth. The prairie or open land was believed by the early settlers to be 
worthless for agricultural purposes and was the last to be entered and occu- 
pied. It was also low and wet, and the malaria engendered caused it to be 
shunned. The soil, however, was black and rich. Corn and hay were the 
only crops raised until thorough systematic drainage was introduced. Since 
then wheat has been produced in goodly quantities. This land was valued at 
from 50 cents to $2 an acre, while wild land north of the creek commanded $3. 
It was thought by the first settlers that this land could be used by them for 
pasture for a life time, as they supposed farmers must shun it as they had 
heretofore done. It now comprises the best land in the township. The 
northern part of the township was densely wooded with sugar, white ash, elm, 
walnut, white oak, hickory, and a })rof use growth of undei-brush, iron and dog 
wood, sassafras, hazel, etc. The soil here is a limestone clay. The surface is 
usually level, but slightly broken along the streams. 

INDIANS. 

At the time the earliest settlers took possession of their farms in this re- 
gion, Indians were numerous. They lived farther north and only descended 
to Big Darby to engage in hunting and fishing. They encamped here and 



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DARBY TOWNSHIP. 221 

often remained for several months at a time. The site of North Liberty was one of 
their favorite tenting grounds. When the vrar of 181 2 opened, apprehensions 
of trouble with these Indians were entertained, but they remained friendly and 
no hostilities or difficulties arose to mar their peaceful relations. Some of the 
rougher class of settlers were on intimate terms with the Indians and would 
go to their camps and join in the convivial feasts that were held there. The 
children of the earliest pioneer were for a time in mortal dread of them, and 
it required a long time before they could become accustomed to their presence. 

James Robinson had one of the earliest orchards in the vicinity, and after 
the trees approached the age of bearing, he was greatly annoyed by the birds 
that had a strong liking for his choice fruit and manifested the design of in- 
dulging their appetite before it was ripe enough to pluck. Some Indian 
lads, bekmging to several families encamped near by, were very expert in shoot- 
ing birds with their small bows and arrows, and Mr. Robinson agreed with 
them, by mean of signs, that for each bird they would shoot in the orchard 
he would give an apple. It happened that the following day was Sunday, and 
as Mr. Robinson, who was a devout and God-fearing Presbyterian, was en- 
gaged in the usual morning prayers, the Indian lads rushed in with a bird 
they had killed. The conscientious pioneer could not tolerate the idea of 
profaning the Sabbath by this unhallowed sport and by shaking his head and 
gestiluating, intimated to them that they must not engage in it that day. 
They departed highly incensed, thinking he had withdrawn from his agree- 
ment, and after the old folks bad gone to church that day the Indian youths 
amused themselves by pointing their weapons at the children left at home, 
who fled to the house for protection and remained within with bolted doors till 
their parents' return. 

When the troubles of 1812 had commenced, it was several times rumored 
that the Indians had taken up arms and were preparing to make a raid up- 
on the settlement. Many families, panic-stricken, deserted their homes and 
fled farther south. At one time, a party of the settlers, including Moses Mitch- 
ell, then a lad of sixteen years, fearlessly marched to the Indian villages 
far to the north to ascertain if they had concluded to put on the war paint and 
make the rumored attack. They found the Indians sitting in council, biit 
with no hostile intent. The band of whites remained with them all night, 
then returned to their friends and quieted their fears. Game of various 

kinds abounded in the forests for many years after the work of clearing and 
tilling farms began, A favorite mode of hunting deer was the following: 
In the low country along Big Darby, mosquitoes were as great a pest to beast 
as to man, and in warm weather, to escape them, the deer descended into the 
water after nightfall, and remained there for hours at a time with only the 
nose above the water. The hunter approached in a canoe, a torch or candle 
fastened to his hat and by bark so placed as to light up the surrounding 
gloom but conceal himself and his canoe from sight. He thus approached 
within a few feet of the deer, dazed by the ligilit, and easily killed it. 

EARLY SETTLERS. 

From its somewhat diversified topography, the settlements of the township 
may be divided into certain tolerably well-defined limits and periods. The 
earliest pioneers here, as elsewhere in other parts of this and surrounding 
counties, were chiefly immigrants from Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia. 
They settled in the valley of Big Darby, as this was deemed the most valuable 
land. These settlements began in 1798, and continued till about 1812. The 
plains to the south, extending far into Madison, were peopled chiefly by New 
Englanders, most of whorn hailed from Vermont. They began to arrive about 



222 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

1810, and the following decade was the strongest period of their emigration. 
The rolling land in the northern portion of the township was occupied very 
largely by a class of squatters and hunters who depended chiefly upon the gun 
for support. The land here was not very productive, and land purchasers 
were not strongly attracted to it. Shortly before 18-40, a German element 
gained a foothold, and by successive arrivals almost the entire northern por- 
tion of the township is now owned and occupied by citizens of this nationality. 

The first settlement in Darby Township was of brief duration. It was 
made by James and Joshua Ewing in 1798, on the site of the village of North 
Liberty, which had been recently laid out in the southeastern part of the town- 
ship. Joshua Ewing purchased a Ipt and built a cabin, and it is probable that 
James, his brother, lived here with him for a short time. As no effort was 
made by the proprietor of the village, Tjucas Sullivant, to improve the to wn, 
the Ewings soon abandoned their home here and settled in Jerome Township. 

The next settlement in Darby, after the transient stay of the Ewings, was 
made by the Mitchells in 1799. This little colony consisted of an aged farm- 
er, Samuel Mitchell, his wife, Margaret, four children — two sons and two 
daughters — and their families. A third daughter came also, but died unmar- 
ried. The four younger families were those of Samuel Mitchell, Jr., who, 
liowever, came several years later than the others. David Mitchell, Samuel 
McCullough and Samuel Kirkpatrick. They purchased the Lucas Sullivant 
survey, of 1,000 acres, No. 2,879, north of and bordering on Big Darby, 
in the western part of the township Mr. McCullough occupied the northwest- 
ern part of the survey, now the farm of Lewis Strange: Samuel Kirkpatrick 
owned and lived on the adjacent tract on the southeast, now the property of 
Sextus Kendall and J. S. Kliber: Samuel Mitchell, Jr., possessed the next farm, 
recently owned by Rebecca McDowell and Philip Rausch; David Mitchell's 
place was still southeast of this, and has for many years been the homestead 
of John C. Mitchell. Samuel Mitchell was too far advanced in life, when he 
came, to engage very actively in labor. He built and occupied a little cabin, 
located between the farms of his two sons, where he lived until the decease of 
his wife. He then made his home for the remainder of his life with the Kirk- 
patricks. These pioneers all came from Pennsylvania. They had first deter- 
mined on settling in Kentucky, and the young men made a trip to that terri- 
tory to make a suitable location. They were dissatisfied with the land there 
and happily fell in with Lucas Sullivant, who gave them a glowing descrip- 
tion of Central Ohio, and offered them a choice of location on Darby Creek or 
the Scioto. They visited this region in the summer of 1799, selected Survey 
2,879, made a little clearing and planted corn. They then returned home, 
and in the fall of the same year brouj^ht their families by a long and tedious 
journey to their new home. Their worldly effects were placed in thi'ee large 
wagons, and from Deer to Darby Creek they were obliged to cut a roadway 
through the thick, tanaled forest. 

David Mitchell was not only one of the first but one of the most promi- 
nent citizens of Darby during its formative period. He was a life-long mem- 
ber of the Presbyterian Church, served his township for many years as Justice 
of the Peace, and under the old State Constitution was one of the Associate 
Judges of Union County. He was intelligent and well educated, and was uni- 
ver.sally known as Judge Mitchell. He was thrice married. His first partner 
was Martha Black, and by this marriage he had ten children, who, in the or- 
der of their ages, were, Moses, Samuel, George, David, Margaret, Martha, 
Jesse, Elizabeth, Dixon and Aaron. Martha became the wife of Robert Nel- 
son; Margaret of James Boal; and Elizabeth married John Robinson. The 
seventh child, Jesse, was the first white child born in what is now Union 



dai;by TOWNSiui'. 223 

County. The date of bis birth was November 4, 1790. A brief sketch of him 
may be found in the history of Jerome Township, where he settled upon at- 
tainino- maturity. The second wife of Judge Mitchell was Kebecca Nelson, 
who died soon after her marriage. By the third marriage, to Hannah Cald- 
well, there were two children— John C, now residing on the home place, and 
Alexander K., who died in California. Samuel Mitchell, Jr., had married 
Elizabeth Roninson in York County, Penn. . and removed to Darby with his 
family a few years after his relatives settled here. After his emigration, he 
continued his' residence upon the place until his death, which occurred about 
1820. He buiit the first wool carding machine within the bounds of Union 
County, and operated it in connection with farming. He was an earnest Cov- 
enanter in his religious belief. His children were Sarah, who married Robert 
Maze; Margaret, who was the wife of John Crawford; Samuel, who removed to 
Iowa; James, an old bachelor, and David, both of Washington, Iowa; Jane, 
Betsy and Eleanor, married and residing in Iowa. 

Samuel Kirkpatrick was a stanch Presbyterian and an active, industrious 
farmer; he remained on his farm in Darby until his death, which occurred 
about 1824. His wife, Jane Mitchell, survived him several years. They had 
two daughters, Peggy and Betsy. The latter married John S. Irwin. 

Samuel McCullough did not long survive his settlement in this new 
and wild countiy. He died in the spring of the year 1800, and his was the 
first death of a white person in the territory now comprising Union County. 
Scarcely more than a half-dozen families then lived here. Mr. McCullough 
was, at the time of his decease, a young man, who had been married only two 
or three years. His two children were Alexander, who died recently in Paul- 
ding County, and Samuel, a posthumous child, who died a wealthy and I'e- 
spected citizen of Jerome Township. Mrs. Elizabeth (Mitchell) McCullough, 
the widow of Samuel McCullough, Sr., afterward married John Taylor, one 
of the earliest settlers of Madison County. 

The Robinson family, now widely connected in Darby and other town- 
ships, was one of the earliest to acquire and possess a heritage in this new, 
rich land. A temporary settlement was effected in the year 1800, though it 
was live years later before the Robinsons became permanently identined with 
this locality. Samuel and James Robinson, the sons of James Robinson, were 
born and raised on their father's farm of several hundred acres, in York Coun- 
ty, Penn., a few miles distant from the Susquehanna. James had acquired the 
cooper trade, and Samuel was equally proficient as a carpenter. They possessed 
the pioneer element strongly, in their natures, and when young men came 
West to seek their fortunes. They reached Tennessee, and there met Lucas 
Sullivant, a surveyor, who wished them to join his surveying party. With a 
view to selecting a good location for their future homes, they entered his em- 
ploy — James as a chain carrier and Samuel as marker — and came to Ohio. 
The party consisted of five men, the sole business of one of them being to pro- 
vide the company with game. For six weeks they were busily at work, and 
during the time they saw no white men. The Robinson boys selected the 
Samuel Robinson survey of 600 acres. No, 2,977, located in the southeastern 
part of Darby, and early ir the spring of 1800, cleared a small piece of land 
and planted it in corn. During their stay, they boarded with Joshua Ewing. 
They remained until fall, then returned to their home in York County, Penn. 
Both were unmarried, but James was betrothed to Jane Morrison, the daugh- 
ter of a York County farmer, and soon after his return married her. 

In the spring of 1805, James and his family, Samuel and another brother, 
^Thomas, again bade adieu to Pennsylvania and started on their pioneer jour- 
ney to Darby Township. Samuel and James had divided between them the 



224 HISTORY OF union county. 

survey they had purchased, James taking the northwestern half. He sold this 
to two brothers, Thomas and John, and purchased from Lucas Sullivant 330 
acres adjoining it on the northwest, the fractions of Surveys 3,482, 3,082 and 
3,881. Upon his arrival, Jame.s built a cabin on this new land, where the 
residence of William H. Wolford now is, and lived here till his death in Sep- 
tember, 1828, at the age of forty-nine years. He had been a man of unusual 
activity and energ., and was an earnest member of the Presbyterian Church. 
A family of eight children survived him. They were Anna, the wife of James 
Reed; Sarah, wife of Stephenson Curry; William M., of Marysville; Eleanor, 
wife of Robert Snodgrass; James, of Jerome Township; Jane, wife of Thomas 
Reed; Samuel, residence on the homestead; and Nancy, wife of Perry Buck. 

Samuel Robinson, in 1805, did not conclude the journey with his brothers, 
James and Thomas, the entire distance to their property. When they reached 
Franklinton, Franklin Coiinty, Ohio, this little village was growing vigor- 
ously, and the demand for carpenters induced him to remain and work at his 
trade. He purchased a lot and built for himself a large frame house, which 
he valued at $1,001). Columbus, however, just across the,^ Scioto River, was 
soon after laid out and began to grow with svich rapidity that property in 
Franklinton depi-eciated greatly in value. Mr. Robinson disposed of his prop- 
erty finally for a thi'ee-year-old colt and cow, their value being about $60. 
While here, he married Martha Hunter, the daughter of Joseph Hunter, who 
then lived on the site of North Columbus. About 1809, he removed his 
family to his forest farm in Darby, and until his death, in 1849, at the age of 
seventy-seven years, was one of the foremost men of the township. He was 
for many years Justice of the Peace. He was a member of the Seceder or 
United Presbyterian Church, and in p">litic3 was in earlier life a Whig, but 
afterward an Abolitionist. His farm of 300 acres of excellent land, favorably 
located on the north bank of Big Darby, is still held in the Robinson name. 
His children are as follows: Margaret, wife of Samuel McCullough; Sarah, 
wife of jWilliam Snodgrass; Joseph H., of Hardin County; James, deceased; 
Samuel D. and William H., of Darby; Martha, wife of William Beard; John, 
and Alexander, deceased. 

Thomas Robinson was born in 1776. His farm consisted of the south- 
west part of the upper half of Survey 2,977, now owned by John Funk. He 
dwelt in th^ old cabin on the place, which wa^ erected in 1800 by James and 
Samuel, until he could build a large, hewed-log house. He came unmai'ried, 
font soon after returned to Pennsylvania and married Sarah Modderwell, who 
lived in Lancaster County, across the Susquehanna from his old home. He 
at once brouglit his young wife to his own home, and remained a resident of 
Darby Township until his decease, aged about seventy-seven years. He had 
always been a farmer by occupation. In politics, he was at first a Whig, then 
an Abolitionist, and his religious preferences made him a member of the 
United Presbyterian Church. His children were Sarah J., wife of George 
Pollock; James D., of Jeroma Township; Thomas, of Columbus; John M. , 
of Jerome; Alexander, deceased. 

John jRobinson, the brother of the preceding, took possession of his land in 
Survey 2,977. in 1810. He had received a collegiate education at Cannons- 
burg, Penn., with the intention of entering the ministry of the United Presby- 
terian Church, but for some reason he abandoned this calling and adopted farm- 
ing as his life pursuit. His first wife, Elizabeth Fink, died a few years after 
his emigration to Darby, and he re-united in marriage with Jane Mitchell. 
Their children were Charles M., of Marysvillo; Eliza J., of Marysville, widow of 
William Taylor; Sarah Jane, of Marysville, wife of James Woodburn; and 
John, of Darby Township. Like his brothers, Mr. Robinson was an ardent 
Whig and Abolitionist. He attained the age of about seventy- eight years. 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 225 

Another brother, Alexander Robinson, removed to Darby Township in 
1818. He, too, had received a liberal education. His farm of 100 acres was 
in survey 3,687, now owned by G. Hegenderfer and P. S. Blummenschein. 
Besides attending to agricultural duties, Alexander devoted considerable time to 
surveying and school teaching. He was the first Treasurer of Union County. 
His wife was Nancy Caldwell. Mr. Robinson died childless, several years ago 
at the age of ninety- two years. 

Still another brother, George Robinson, came in 18532, too late to be 
ranked among the pioneers. 

The exact date of the settlement of the Sagers is not known. It was about 
1805. This family was not only one of the earliest, but probably the largest 
in the vicinity. It consisted of George Sager. Sr., and his children — George, 
Christian, Frederick, Jacob, Henry, Ssmuel, Abraham and Barbara. The chfl- 
dren were grown, and some of the sons were married when they came. Within 
a few years after they arrived, the cabins of the various members of the Sager 
family dotted the valley of Big Darby from Union to Jerome Township. They 
were Geimans and emigrated from Loudoim County, Va. The farm upon 
which they fir.st settled was in Survey 3,272, on the south bank of Darby, about 
a half mile below Unicnville, where Michael Sager now resides. Until thev 
had erected their cabin, the family took up their abode in the cabin of James 
Robinson, across the creek. In early days, they were all Jackson Democrats. 
Few members of this once extensive family now remain in Union County. 
Michael, the sen of Samuel. now occupies the old homestead, and J. F. Sager, 
of Marysville, the County Surveyor, is the grandson of Christian Sager. 

George Sager, Jr., settled in the western part of the township on the farm 
now owned by his daughter, Mrs. Elizabeth Reed. He had four childi'en 
and died upon this farm, where he had engaged in farming and gunsmif.hing. 

Christian settled on Ihe site of Unionville. He had married Elizabeth 
Shover, raised a large family of children and died a farmer of Darby Town- 
ship, in January, 1866, aged ninety-six and one half years. He had been a 
cliurch member for sixty-eight years. Most of his children removed West, and 
his descendants are now widely scattered. He possessed a strong constitution 
and temperate habits, and by industry and close economy accumulated consid- 
erable property. 

Samuel Sager settled on the faim now owned by Michael, his son east of 
Unionville. and died here after a long and faithful career as a farmer. He 
was honest and possessed good judgment, and though he had enjoyed few edu- 
cational advantages, he was careful that his children received as thorough 
education as the times aiibrded. He had married Elizabeth Sanbower, and 
his six children were Susanna, who died yoxing; Joseph, who died in Darby; 
Ann, wife of James M. Andrews, of this township; Michael; Sarah, who mar- 
ried Gregory Hawley, of Paris Township; and Lydia, who died young. 

Jacob settled in the southeast corner of the township, where he farmed 
and operated a still house. Later in life, he removed with his large family to 
Carroll County, Ind. 

Abraham, Frederick and Henry settled in Jerome Township. Barbara, 
their only sister, was several times married. 

The "Post road" crosses the township, east and west, near its southern 
line. This road was so called frcm the fact that over it were transported the 
military stores to Ft. Defiance on the Maumce from Franklinton, which was 
then a small military post. The plains on either side of this road were occu- 
pied mainly by Yankees. 

Dudley Bridges, from Vermont, came about 1815, and occupied for a few 
years the land George Stevens now owns. He did not acquire the title to it, 
and about 18S0 he removed with his family to Illinois. 



226 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Elihu Knapp was one of the first settlers on the plains. He came from 
Vermont and purchased a farm in Survey 10,793. about a mile south of Union- 
yille, sometime prior to 1810. He was a shoe-maker and followed that occupa- 
tion besides farming. Afterward he removed to Madison County. 

Ahira Petty, probably in 1814,emigrated from Vermont and settled on the 
farm in the southern part of Darby which is now occupied by G. W. Stevens. 
He subsequently moved West, and when last heard of was living in Indiana. 

Clark Provin was a Yankee who was very migratory and often changed his 
place of abode. He lived for a time on the farm now owned by George Stev- 
ens; was once elected Justice of the Peace in Jerome Township, and at Plain 
City was an inn keeper for many years. He taught school a considerable por- 
tion of his time, and had a sufficient knowledge of law. it is said, to get people 
into trouble without being able to extricate them. He ultimately removed to 
Illinois. 

In Survey 1,716, near the southwest corner of the township, where John 
W. Smith now resides, Charles McCloud, a Yankee, settled ia 1814. He was 
born in New Hampshire September 2, 1769, married Sallie Taylor, of Massa- 
chusetts in 1797, and in 1810 emigrated with his family from Montpelier, 
Vt., to Franklin County, Ohio, four years later coming to Darby. His chil- 
dren by his first wife were Betsy, Curtis, Harriet (Newton), Miriam (Bigelow), 
Sally (Mason), Charles, Lucy, Pollv and Thankful (Converse). The last was 
born in Darby in the fall of 1814. *^Mrs. McCloud died in 1817. and Charles 
united in marriage with Anna Benjamin, by whom he had two children — Rodney 
and Anna (Marine). His second wife also preceded him to the grave, and Mr. 
McCloud selected as his third companion in matrimony Polly Andi-ews. Of 
their two children, Almira died young; Rosella married Mr. Chapin. Mr. Mc- 
Cloud was an untiring farmer. He possessed strong religious convictions, and 
was an exhorter in the Methodist Church during his stay in Darby. In 1831, 
he removed to Michigan, but returned to Madison County, Ohio, in 1843, and 
died the following spring. 

Samuel Tyler, a Pennsylvauian of German descent, purchased the 
small survey of fifty-five acres. No. 12,075, about a mile southwest from 
Unionville, and settled there at an early day. He afterward removed to Pike 
Township, Madison County, where he died at a good old age. 

Orson Smith, fi'om Vermont, owned and occupied in early times the large 
farm in the southwestern part of the township, where his son, John W., now 
lives. Mr. Smith still survives at this writing, and resides in Union Town- 
ship. 

Benjamin Tinkham was born in Connecticut June 23, 1795, and came 
to Ohio about 1817, stopping for a time in Franklin County. A year or two 
later, he removed to this county, and he and his brother Noah took the con- 
tract for making the brick aad building for Samuel KobinsoQ the first brick 
house in Union County. While thus engaged, Benjamin became acquainted 
with and courted Jane Slone, a girl who had come from York County, Penn., 
with the Robinsons. He married hor February 19, 1820, and immediately 
thereafter he purchased a little place of about fifty acres in Survey 6,602, on the 
plains; removed to it and remained there till his death, March 29, 1880, aged 
nearly eighty-five year.s. His wife died about 1876, having borne him two 
sons and two daughters. After her death, he resided at the home of his daugh- 
ter, Mrs. James McCloud. He was a man of more than ordinary enterprise, 
and his mind ran largely to the invention of machinery, perpetual motion, etc. 
He wrote his own funeral sermon, which was read at his funeral. 

Judah Dodge, Sr., in 1812, journeyed from Vermont, his native State, to 
the E. C. Smith place on the post road, and there engaged in agricultural 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 227 

pursuits. He was a Justice of the Peace, and afterward removed to Jerome 
Township, where he died in May, 3856. 

Judah Dodge, his son, was born in 1796, and in 1816 married Elizabeth 
Kilo-ore. In 1867, he removed from Darby to Marysville, where he died 
April 23, 1870. Hiram Dodge, another son, died, a farmer, in Jerome Town- 
ship. 

James Russel, from Loudoun County, Va., was a comparatively early settler 
on the J. S. Smith place near the southern line of the township. He continued 
his residence here to the time of his death. Amasa Payne owned and occu- 
pied the E. D. Smith place in the southeastern pai't of the township. 

Josiah Harrington, a Vermonter, about 1814, came to the land now owned 
by David Holycross, on the post road, aod farmed it to the day of his - 
death. 

James Snodgrass, about 1815, came with his famil}- from York County, 
Penn., and settled on Robinson Run in the lower part of Survey 3,687. His 
wife was Agnes Morrison; their children were William, James, Jane Ann, 
Nan-'y, Hannah, Samuel and Polly. Mr. Snodgrass was a member of the 
Presbyterian Church and a good-natured, upright farmer. He died about 
1825; his wife survived him a few years. 

James Marquis settled about 1812 on the farm now owned by Caleb Con- 
verse, located just south of Unionville. He had married Barbara Sager, and 
their children were Elizabeth (Smith), Nancy (Cutler), Martha (Ford), James 
B., George G. and Harvey. He was a farmer and a Methodist; in after life 
he removed to Illinois. None of his posterity now reside in this vicinity. 

James Boles, as early as 1810 or 1812, purchased and settled on the farm 
just north of Big Darby, in Survey 2,671, now owned by John Knock. He 
came from Greene County and married Margaret, the daughter of Judge David 
Mitchell. He followed farming and reared a large family of children. His 
religion was the faith of the Seceders. In 1828 or 1830, he removed with fam- 
ily to Indiana, where he died. 

Lucas Low occupied for a few years in early times, the place now owned 
.by James Martin, just south of the Darby. His two brothers, John and Clark, 
and his father, who was a native of Germany, came with him. Lucas removed 
to near Newton, and died there about 1825. 

John Jolly was a North Carolinian. His family was of the Quaker per- 
suasion, and he, imbued with the principles of that sect, left his native State 
from an abhorrence of the institution of slavery and sought a home in Ohio. 
In 1818, with his wife, Hannah (Cook), and three children, he settled upon a 
tract of wild land he had purchased in the southern part of Survey 7,218, now 
the home of Charles Nicol. Here he cleared the land and tilled the soil, en- 
gaging also, to some extent, in shoe-making. He was an earnest supporter of 
the Methodist Church. His children by his first marriage wereElias, who re- 
moved to Kansas; Michel, who married Frederick Sager; Rachel; Joel; Mary, 
who married Adam Brown; John; Jeremiah, of Kansas; and Lewis, of Iowa. 
His second wife was Margaret Croy, who still lives with her daughter Eleanor, 
wife of A. J. Ferguson. By this marriage there were six children — Betsy, 
who married David and is now deceased; Eli, Eleanor, Margaret and two who 
died young. Mr. Jolly died July 31, 1860, at Unionville, aged seventy-eight 
years. 

John W. Robinson was one of the most prominent of the early settlers, 
though he was not among the earliest. He was born in Washington Coun- 
ty, Penn., in February, 1803. In the fall of 1808, his father, Rev. James 
Robinson, of the Presbyterian Church, removed with his family to Pickaway 
County, and in 1821 to near Milford, to accept the pastorate of Lower and 



228 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Upper Liberty Churches. John W. pursued faming as his vocation, and in 
August, 1823, was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth daughter of Judge 
David Mitchell. The young couple at once settled on a small farm of iifty 
acres, part of the Mitchell farm, but in a short time Mr. Robinson purchased 
the farm south of the Darby, now occupied by David M. Robinson, and re- 
moved to it. , 

He resided upon this place, engaged extensively in stock-raising and farm- 
ing until his death, which occurred about 1853, from typhoid fever. His wife 
survived him many years. Their family consisted of ten children — David M. , 
residing on the home farm; James M. , of Marysville; Henry M., who died 
young; John, of Paris Township; Aaron B. and Robert N., of Marysville; 
Joseph S., who died in youth; Martha, wife of "William H. Robinson, of 
Marysville; Mary, who died in childhood; and Emma J., wife of Hon. Beriab 
Wilkins, of UhrichsviJle, Ohio. Mr. Robinson had been an Elder in the Pres- 
byterian Chiu'ch for many j^ears, a Justice of the Peace and County Commis- 
sioner. He was mild but firm in address, upright in character, unswerving in 
his adherence to principles of truth and justice, and was universally esteemed 
and respected by the large acquaintanceship which his public life gave him. 

Among other settlers who arrived prior to 1830, some of them many years 
before that date, may be mentioned Gideon B. Cutler, Garret Harris, Thomas 
Parr, William Oit, Thomas xindrew, Thomas Ally, John Bartholomew, Will- 
iam Cooperider, John W. Goldberry, John S. Irwin, Stephen Johnston, John 
and Jacob King, William Leeper, Robert Maze and Samuel Patch. 

Gideon B. Cutler owned fifty acres in Survey 8, 167. He resided for awhile on 
the site of Unionville, and later removed to Illinois. Garret Harris owned 
seventy acx'es in Survey 5,008, northern part of township, came prior to 1825 
and died in the township. Thomas Parr removed to Jackson Township. 
Thomas Andrew was a Pennsylvanian; lived for a time in Survey 3,482, then 
removed to Indiana. Thomas Ally was a blacksmith, owned ninety- nine acres in 
Survey 3,687, and removed to Chicago. John Bartholomew was a cooper from 
Jefferson County; he married Rosanna, daughter of Chx'istian Sager, occupied 
the now Thomas West farm in Survey 5,005. for a time, then emigrated to the 
West. James Cooperider and William Orr were from Licking County; both 
lived in the northern part of the township. John S. Irwin lived on the west- 
ern part on the J. S. I\ liber farm; he was from Pennsylvania. Stephen Johns- 
ton was from Madison County. John King occupied Survey 4,982, in the 
western part of the township, with his father, Bolser King, who entered the 
survey. Samuel, John and AVilliam Leeper were early settlers from Penn- 
sylvania. Robert Maze lived with George Sager until his marriage, when he 
settled on Mill Creek. Samiiel Patch was a Yankee, aiid as early as 1816 or 
1818, settled on a large farm just south of Unionville, now owned by Adam 
Brown and others. He had six children — Samuel, Stephen, Harmon, Caro- 
line, Charity and one whose name is forgotten. 

THE SICKLY SEASONS. 

During the years 1822-23, a terrible epidemic visited Darby plains and 
scarcely a family escaped its ravages. As the greater portion of the plains lie 
in Madison County, the loss there was greater, but Union County suffered its 
full share in proportion to its area of prairie land. To Dr. Jeremiah Converse, 
of Madison County, is due the following account of the dread disease: "There 
was scarcely a family but what had its sick or dying. The few, who were not 
prostrated with the disease were soon down with constant watching, yet these 
messengers of mercy visited each day all the sick that were assigned to their 
division. No tongue can describe nor pen portray the scenes of suffering, 




/favCei (^ (i^-f-e^ 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 231 

witnessed and experienced by these early settlers. All business transactions 
ceased, gloom brooded over the minds of the people and many a stout heart 
was made to tremble over the impending doom, which seemed to await him. 
Men and women who were not prostrated with disease, were busy night and 
day administering to the wants of the needy, mitigating the suffering of the 
sick and consoling the bereaved. There were a few instances where the father 
was compelled to construct the rude colfin, dig the grave and deposit beneath 
the clods of the valley the loved form of his child. The territoiy invaded by 
this epidemic extended from a short distance east of Big Darby to perhaps 
the same distance west of Little Darby. " The cause of the disease was sup- 
posed to arise from the decomposition of vegetable matter and the malaria, 
which would ensue. The tall, luxurious growth of grass on the prairie lands 
was at first burned every autumn, but after the settler.s began to occupy this 
land this habit was abandoned through fear of setting fire to the grain and 
buildings of the pioneer. During the few years that then elapsed before the 
land was mostly occupied and cultivated, this rank, native growth of grasses 
became a wet, thick mass of decay and breeded the germs of disease. The 
symptoms of the disease were various. Usually a general lassitude, nausea 
and thirst would continue several days, when the disease would be announce d 
by a severe rigor or chill. The skin would become livid and purple; the pulse 
quick and feeble; the respiration accelerated. Subsequently severe heat would 
ensue, the pulse becoming full and frequent, accompanied by thirst, severe 
headache, nausea and vomiting, and sometimes delirium. In children, there 
were convulsions generally. The patient would sink into an inflammatory 
type of fever, which ran its course in from seven to fifteen days; most fre- 
quently death occurred about the eighth or ninth day of the inflammatory stage. 

FIRST SCHOOLS. 

John Robinson was one of the earliest school teachers in the Mitchell set- 
tlement. When he first came to the township he lived for a short time on Mi-. 
Mitchell's farm, and while there held one term of school for the benefit of the 
few children in that vicinity. The house occupied for this purpose stood near 
the graveyard. The schoolhouse was afterward built near by, where Alexan- 
der Robinson taught. The first schoolhouse erected in the Robinson neighbor - 
hood stood within thirty rods of James Robinson's cabin, It was built by the 
Robinsons and the Sagers. Miss Henrietta Millington was the first teacher 
here, about 18li0. Her successors were Misses Narcissa and Helen Topping, 
daughters of Dr. Topping, of Jerome Township, Jeptha Peasley, a Yankee 
pedagogue, Alexander Robinson and Charles McCloud. 

CEMETERIES. 

On the north side of Big Darby, on the Mitchell farm, is an extensive 
buryiug ground which has been used for this sacred parpose for eighty-three 
years — even longer, for previous to the settlement of white men it had been a 
burial place for the dusky Indians who frequented the hunting grounds on 
Big Darby. It is a sandy knoll, rising above the surrounding land, and lo- 
cated near the stream. It is the oldest cemetery in the county. Samuel Mc- 
Cullough, who died in the spring of 1800, was buried here. Undertaking es- 
tablishments were not then within access, and nowhere near the settlement was 
there even a foot of lumber with which to fashion a rude coffin. A walnut tree 
was felled, and from its trunk rough slabs were split, and with this material 
a coffin was made. In it the mortal remains of Mr. McCullough were encased 
and consigned to their resting place. In Mitchell's cemetery most of the early 
settlers of Darby Township lie buried. It is still used as a cemetery. 



282 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

The cemetery at Unionville, formerly Sager's graveyard, is now under the 
care of the township authorities, and is used more extensively than any other 
in the township. In the northeastern part, at one time the Brown graveyard 
was the only burying place for the settlers in that region. It is now a neg- 
lected spot. 

The Lutherans have two large cemeteries in the northern part of the 
township. 

NORTH LIBERTY. 

The first town platted in the territory now comprised within Union Coun- 
ty, and one of the first in the State, was located in the southeastern part of Dar- 
by Township, on the southern bank of the stream. It was laid out by Lucas 
Sullivant in 1797, and called North Liberty. Sullivant was a young Kentuckian 
surveyor, who was engaged in surveying lands and locating warrants in the 
Virginia Military Disti'ict, and while thus engaged he traveled over much of 
Southwestern Ohio. Deeming this location in Darby Township a favorable 
location for a future city, he made and recorded in Ross County the plat of 
an extensive town, with several hundred lots and spacious streets. Big Dai'by 
he prenounced nnvigable as far as his village, North Liberty. The town 
came to naught, however, for Mr. Sullivant seems to have abandoned it soon 
after he gave it an existence on paper. He laid out Franklinton, opposite 
Columbus, the same year, and apparently gave his energies to the development 
of that town. Different citizens differ as to size that North Liberty attained, 
but the highest estimates place the number of cabins it contained at the mod- 
est number of three. The E wings are the only settlers who are now known to 
have occupied the site of this ephemeral village. 

UNIONVILLE. 

Unionville, a village of 200 people, is located in the southcentral part of 
Darby Township, on the south bank of Big Darby. It was laid out Febru- 
ary 8, 1847, by William B. Irwin, County Surveyor, for John, Frederick and 
David Sager. The original plat contained only fifteen lots and two streets — 
Main and Cross. The public square, twelve poles and twelve feet square, was 
situated in the northeast corner of the plat. An addition was made to the vil- 
lage February 10, 1852, by Christian, Frederick, John and David Sager. It 
consisted of thirty-three lots, 16 to 48 inclusive, lying mostly south of 
the original plat. First, Second, Third and Railroad streets were the 
new thoroughfares established by this addition. Another addition of sixteen 
lots was subsequently made which does not appear to be on record. 

A petition was filed with the County Commissioners March 3, 1879. pray- 
ing for the organization of a village of the territory, comprising the village of 
Unionville and certain contiguous territory, signed by M. P. Rice and forty 
other residents of the proposed village. The petition states the supposed num- 
ber of inhabitants to be 229, prays that the name may be Unionville Center 
and name M. P. Rice and Joseph E. Fouke their representatives in the prem- 
ises. The petition was granted and the village duly incorporated after the 
necessary preliminary steps were taken. 

The first election for borough officers was held in October, 1879. It re- 
sulted as follows: Mayor, F. N. Mattoon; Councilmen, C. A. Ferguson, M. 
P. Rice, John Knock, A. J. Harper, S. W. Dunfee and N. P. Gilliland. Sub- 
sequent ofiicers have been as follows: 

1880— Mayor, W. J. Dunfee; Marshal, J. C. Larue; Clerk. J.A.Miller; 
Treasurer, J. P .Kritliue; Councilmen, N. P. Gilliland, Philip Maddex, H. H. 
Marshall, S. W. Dunfee, A. M. Holycross and M. P. Rice. 

1881 — Councilmen, C. M. Knock, Edison Perry and L. A. Dockum, two 
years each, and Charles McCune one year; Clerk, C. A. Ferguson. 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 233 

1882— Mayor, C. A. Ferguson; Clerk, M. P. Wetzel; Treasurer, J. P. 
Kritline; Councilmen, Philip Maddex, Charles McCune and S. M. Dockum; 
C. M. Knock, Marshal, by appointment. 

The first house on the site of Unionville was built several years before 
the platting of the village by Benjamin Cutler. He was a shoe-maker and fol- 
lowed his trade here. He also kept a scanty stock of pioneer commodities, 
which he dispensed among his neighbors for cash, and hence might be regard- 
ed as the first merchant of the place, unless, perhaps, his stock in trade was 
too small to warrant this title. The extent of his wares may be inferred by 
the following: Just after he opened his store, a sturdy settler, who had at- 
tained to the dignity of a "biled shirt," wanted a little indigo and called for a 
small quantity. Mr. Cutler desired him to curtail his order one -half, and on 
inquiring it was learned that he had just enough to fill the order and did not 
wish to be without the article in the store. 

John Sager was the principal proprietor of the village. He built a 
two-story frame building, the first erected after the village was laid out, and 
kept a store here for several years. He was the first Postmaster. A tannery 
was started at Unionville and operated successfully for many years by John 
and Jeremiah Jolly, its builders, and afterward by James Walker and Alexan- 
der Snodgrass. John and Frederick Sager built a saw mill on Big Darby 
about 1835, and a few years later added a corn cracker. Both mills have been 
maintained most of the time since. Michael Sager was the next owner. He 
operated the mills four or five years, when David Holycross became the owner. 
William B. Dunfee afterward purchased them, and while in his possession they 
were partially destroyed by fire, but he at once repaired them. The Wetzel 
brothers now operate them. In 1881, they erected a steam floiu- mill, contain- 
ing two run of buhrs and both steam and water power are now employed in 
operating them. Another saw mill and tile factory is owned by John Dunfee 
and John Brown. 

Dr. John Beach was the first practicing physician, coming soon after the 
village was fouuded. He was fresh fi'om medical school and remained only a 
few years. He is now practicing in Jefferson, Madison County. His brother, 
W. MoiTow Beach, succeeded him at Unionville and practiced for a short time. 
He is now a prominent physician and politician at London, Ohio. Physi- 
cians have not remained long at Unionville in the past. Quite a number have 
opened offices here, but all of them took down their "shingles" and removed to 
other parts in a few years. Among the practitioners was Dr. I. N. Hamilton, 
now of Marysville. Dr. Charles McCune, the only physician now practicing 
in Unionville, located here in 1880. 

The business houses consist of a dry goods store, owned by William B. 
Dunfee, and three groceries conducted by L. A. Dockum, Wetzel & Ferguson, 
and Joseph E. Fouke, respectively. The latter i« the present Postmaster. 
There is also here an extensive wagon and carriage manufactory, which was 
started many years ago by Jackson Harper, and is now operated by Harper 
& Son and two blacksmith shops. The schoolhouse is a two story frame, in 
which there are two departments. It is believed that a new building will be 
erected in 1883. 

The cemetery at Unionville comprises an acre in extent, and is what was 
formerly known as the Sager burying ground. It is under the supervision of 
the Township Trustees, who have recently built a substantial stone and brick 
vault. 

Just north of the village, on the farm of Maria Eobinson, is a magnetic 
spring. The water is said to possess strong, curative qualities, and is much 
used and highly prized by many residing in the vicinity. Its powers have 



234 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

been known for several years, but no attempt has been made to develop it un- 
til quite recently. George Wilcox has purchased foiu* acres, including the 
spring site, and erected a large windmill pump at the spring. The village is 
now hoping for the erection of a large hotel, which it is believed will make 
the place a popular resort. 

The only mill in the township, besides those already mentioned in Union- 
ville, of which there is any knowledge, was a horse flouring mill operated in 
early times for a few years by a Mr. Hill. It was not a financial success, hence 
its permanent suspension. 

The Methodist Chui'ch at Union ville was built, as nearly as has been ascer- 
tained, about 1856 or 1858. It is a frame building, about 30x40 in size, and 
cost about $600. The church was dedicated by Rev. Uriah Heath, Rev. Lloyd 
being pastor in charge at the time. The class that worships here was organized 
as early as 1820, at the house of Charles McCloud, in the southern part of the 
township. Rev. George Maley was an early minister. The McCloud family, 
the Finkhams, Amos McNier and wife, C. H. Converse and wife Lovisa, Betsy 
Cutler, Frederick Sager and wife Michel, John Jolly and wife Margaret, 
David Sager and wife Elizabeth, and others were early members. Services 
were afterward held at the cabin of James Marquis, just south of the site of 
Unionville, at Christian Sagers, and elsewhere. The frame schoolhouse which 
stood just east of the site of Unionville was next used as a place of worship, 
and after the village was started the services w^ere conducted in the hall on 
the second floor of John Sager's building. This hall was occupied by the so- 
ciety until the church was built. Bishop S. M. Merrill was one of the pastors 
in charge when the meetings were held in the Sager room. Other early min- 
isters were Revs. Sharp, James Finley and James Gilruth. This society is 
included in Milford Circuit, which occupies four charge.s — Unionville, Irvin's 
Station, Lewis Chapel and Milfoi'd. The present pastor is Rev. C. A. Naylor. 
The membership is about fifty. The Sunday school connected with this 
church dates its origin in the time when the services were held in the school - 
house. Until within a few years the school was maintained only in summer, 
but now it is conducted during the entire year. Benjamin Robinson is the 
present Superintendent, and the attendance is excellent. 

Darby Seceder Church, now the Unionville United Presbyterian, was or- 
ganized as early as 1824. The earliest records not being within the county, 
it is impossible to fix the date with absolute certainty. At this time, the 
county was very sparsely settled, and the improvements very few. The origi- 
nal membership did not number more than twelve or fifteen. Among the ear- 
liest members were Robert Nelson, Samuel Robinson, Thomas Robinson, 
James Boles, John Porter and Samuel Mitchell, Jr. The earliest meetings 
wereheldduringpleasant weather in the sugar grove on Judge Mitchell's farm, 
east of and neai* his cabin and close to the banks of Big Darby. It was here 
that the first communion service was held. AiKjther early administration of 
the sacrament occurred in a large, new barn, belonging to Samuel Robinson. 
The congregation was organized by a minister of the Xenia Presbytery, and 
Rev. James Wallace became the first settled pastor. He was called in 1830 
to take charge of three congregations, this one, one at Reynoldsburg, Franklin 
County, and one at Cherokee, Logan County. His salary from the three 
churches amounted to about $300. In 1839, or near that time, he was called 
to take charge of the Cherokee Church alone, and for three years Darby Church 
was supplied by Rev. Robert I'orester, of Franklin County, and others. Rev. 
I. N. Lawhead then became pastor and continued in this relation twenty two 
years, until 1864. He preached to Darby and New California Churches, and 
these two congregations have ever since been associated in one pastorate. Serv- 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 235 

ices are now held every Sunday at 3 o'clock P. M. ; formerly each alternate 
Sunday. After a short vacancy, Rev. J. W. Taylor was installed pastor in the 
spring of 1865, and remained with the church three years. Until 1871, the 
church was variously supplied, when Rev. John Gilmore entered upon a minis- 
try which continued three years. A vacancy of one year intervened before 
Rev. D. M. D. Gordon became the settled pastor. He was succeeded in 1878 
by Rev. E. E. Cleland, now in charge. The first meeting house was a frame 
building, probably 30x40 feet in size, erected not later than 1835 on a lot, do- 
nated to the purpose, from the farm of Judge David Mitchell, northwest from 
Unionville. This church was used until the present frame edifice was built in 
Unionville in 1856-57. It cost about $1,400, is about 30x45 in size, and was 
dedicated in August, 1857, by Rev. Lawhead. In June, 1858, the general un- 
ion of the Associate or Seceder, and the Associate Reform Churches took place, 
and the name United Presbyterian Church adopted, by which it has since 
been known. The membership of the New California congregation was drawn 
largely from this church, which in consequence is now much smaller than 
formerly. The membership is about thirty. A Sunday school was organized about 
1 840, and conducted regularly since during summers. The old Seceder Church 
was exceedingly strict in enforcing its closely drawn creed. As an illustration 
of this, the church records contain the proceedings of the trial of a member 
charged with singing a Methodist hymn. Another member was tried before 
the church authorities for kneeling in the meeting house of a sister society. 
It is not so, now, however. The spirit of liberality has pervaded this as well 
as all other religious denominations. 

The first Elders were Robert Nelson and Samuel Robinson, the former 
holding the ofiice until his death in 1848 or 1849; the latter until February, 
1849. Subsequent Elders, with terms of service, have been Alexander Pollock, 
from 1830 to 1852; AVilliam McCampbell, from 1836 to 1839; James Martin 
from 1836 to 1859; Joseph H. Robinson from 1848 to 1867; George Pollock, 
from 1848 to 1854; Samuel McCullough, from 1859 to his death in 1870; S. 
D. Robinson and H. P. Woods are the present Elders. The former was elect- 
ed in 1867, the latter in 1873. 

St. Johns (German) Evangelical Lutheran Church, located in the north- 
ern part of Darby Township, on the Marysville pike, is the largest and handsom- 
est religious edifice in the township and one of the best in the county. The 
congregation was organized soon after the German settlement began, near the 
line of Paris and Darby Townships. In 1843, an organization was effected 
and ministers from Delaware, Columbus and other points supplied the church 
until 1846, when Rev. Adam Ernst became the regular pastor. The first mem- 
bers were Jacob Vandereau, Blasins, Bentel, Barnhard Bischoff, George Boehm, 
John Bunsold, Michael Eirich, Adam Ell, Melchior Goess, Gunderman, George 
Hegendorfer, George Rausch, Philip Ruppreight, Gottlieb Ruppreight, George 
Stephen, Martin and Casper Scheiderer and George Zwerner. In 1846, a small 
log church was built about a mile northwest of the present church in and close 
to the southern line of Paris Township. Two years later, a division arose in the 
church and it separated into two district congregations, each of which retained 
the original name — St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church. The question of 
dispute was whether or not a crucifix should be placed within the sanctuary. 
One faction retained possession of the old house; the other during the same 
year, built a small brick church one half mile south in Darby Township, and 
occupied it until 1859, when the present brick building was erected. It was 
dedicated July 22, 1860, by Rev. Lindeman, of Cleveland. A service in En- 
glish was delivered in the afternoon of the same day by Rev. P. Eirich, of Lith- 
opolis. The building was pronounced at this time the finest and costliest in the 



236 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

county. A bell, weighing 009 pounds and costing $209 was hung upon it. 
Rev. Adam Ernst remained with this division of the church until 1850. He 
was succeeded by Rev Jacob Seidel, who remained until 1858. Rev. Fred- 
erick Metzel then assumed charge and was pastor until 1868. In that year, 
Rev. Louis Kuief was called. He was succeeded in 1879 by the present pas- 
tor, Rev. Henry Werfelman. 

The northern division were ministered toby Revs. John Bunderthal, George 
Krane, R. Herbst, William Lembke, and perhaps others. This congrega- 
tion built a brick meeting house adjoining the site of the original church, 
and worshiped there until the two congregations united in 1878. The origi- 
nal cause of dissention had long before disappeared, but a general division in 
the German Lutheran Church had arisen, and to each of the divisions a branch 
of the St. Joho's Church had united. The southern, or Darby branch, belonged 
to the Missouri Synod; the northern, or Paris branch, to the Ohio Synod. 
These two synods had united shortly before the reconciliation, iu St. 
John's Church, and it was through .the intervention of the Presi- 
dents of the two synods. Prof. William Lehmann, of Columbus, and Rev. H. 
C. Schwan, of Cleveland, and of Rev. W. Stubnatzy, of Ft. Wayne, Ind. , that 
St. John's Church became a unit. Since then the synods have again separatsd 
on the question of predestination, but the entire congregation now clings to 
the Missouri Synod. The membership is 120. 

Two cemeteries are the property of this church. One is in Paris Town- 
ship and one near the present church in Darby. None but members of the 
congregation are allowed to be buried here. 

A congregational school has been maintained for twenty or more years. 
It is held about nine months a year, from March to November or December. 
It was cvistomary for the early ministers to teach the youth of the church dur- 
ing the week, but as the congregation increased in number, teachers were em- 
ployed for this purpose. Mr. Rolf was the first, Mr. Fechtmao the second 
and Conrad Steege the third and present instructor. He has had charge of 
the schools for eleven years, and now has an assistant teacher. In 1880, a 
goodly sized tsvo-story brick schoolhoase was built, adjoining the church. 
Formerly a small brick schoolhouse was used. About 110 pupils are now in 
attendance. The common branches are taught in English and the religion of 
the church in German. 

Mt. Olive Church, of the Christian or "New Light" denomination, stands 
in the eastern p.'irt of the township on the Marysville and Plain City road, in 
Survey 5,139. The society that woi'ships here was oi'ganized in the old Harris 
schoolhouse. According to arrangements made at a preliminary meeting two 
weeks previous, a meeting was held here December 11, 1869, and an organiza- 
tion effected. The congregation began its existence with a large membei'ship, 
in which were included the names of J. Q. Adams, Warren Harris, Jacob 
Brown, Amos Brown. Isaiah Brown, Silas and Solomon Brown, Joel C. Conk- 
lin, George W\ Debolt, Eli McNier, David Reece, their families and. many 
young people. The meetings were held in the schoolhouse until the church 
building, a neat and commodious frame structure, costing $1,100, was erected. 
It was dedicated December 25, 1870, by Elder A. Hanger. The first officers 
elected were: Deacons, J. Q. Adams and Warren Harris; Charles H. Adams, 
Clerk; J. Q. Adams, Treasurer; W^arren Harris, J. Q. Adams and Jacob Brown, 
2d, Trustees. Rev. "William Webb organized the church. He was pastor 
in charge for four years. His successors have been Elder Wilbam Fuller, two 
years; Elder Samuel Horn, two years; Elder C. L. Winget, fractions of two 
years; Elder B. H. Crisman,part of one year, and Elder William Fuller, again 
the present pastor. Intervals have occurred when the church was without a 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 237 

pastor. Within a year after the organization, the membership was seventy- 
tive; it increased to more than one hundred, but owing to many removals from 
this vicinity and to deaths, it is now only about fifty. Formerly a flourish- 
ing Sunday school was in operation, but for a year or two there has been none. 
Lewis Chapel is the title bestowed upon a Methodist Church located on 
Little Darby in the extreme southwestern corner of the township. It received its 
name in honor of Rev. F. F. Lewis, who organized the society, and by his own 
manual labor assisted in rearing this modest temple of worship. Th e build- 
ing is a substantial frame, nicely furnished, and was erected soon after the 
class was organized, probably twenty-five years ago. The membership was 
quite small originally, including Elihu Bigelow and wife Miriam, and Mrs. 
Hiram Kent. James McCloud and Joel Fairbanks have been prominent mem- 
bers more recently. The society is still small numerically. It is connected 
with the Milford Circuit. 

ELECTIONS. 

The gubernatorial vote of Darby Township from the organization of 
Union County is as follows: 

1820 — Ethan Allen Brown, 44; Jeremiah Morrow, 5; total, 49. 

1822 — Jeremiah Morrow, 37; Allen Trimble. 4; total, 41. 

1824— Jeremiah Morrow, 13; Allen Trimble, 21; total, 34. 

1826— John Bigger, 13; Allen Trimble, 24: total, 37. 

1828— John W. Campbell, 23; Allen Trimble, 21; total, 44. 

1830— Duncan Mc Arthur, 11; Robert Lucas, 33; total, 44. 

1832 — Darius Lyman, Whig, 22; Robert Lucas, Democrat, 38; total, 60. 

1834 — James Finley, Whig, 29; Robert Lucas, Democrat, 30; total, 59. 

1836 — Joseph Vance, Whig, 45; Eli Baldwin, Democrat, 44; total, 89. 

1838 — Joseph Vance, Whig, 57; Nelson Shannon, Democrat, 50; total, 
107. 

1840 — Thomas Corwin, Whig, 81; Wilson Shannon, Democrat, 50: total, 
137. 

1842 — Thomas Corwin, Whig, 50; Wilson Shannon, Democrat, 50; Lei- 
cester King, Abolitionist, 6; total, 106. 

1844 — Mordecai Bartley, Whig, 72; David Tod, Democrat, 68; Leicester 
King, Abolitionist, 8; total, 148. 

1846— William Bebb, Whig, 60; David Tod, Democrat, 56; Samuel 
Lewis, Abolitionist, 12; total, 128 

1848— Seabury Ford, Whig, 76; John B. Weller, Democrat, 79; total, 
155. 

1850— William Johnson, Whig, 86; Reuben Wood. Democrat. 69: Ed- 
ward Smith, Abolitionist, 3; total, 158. 

1851— Samuel F. Vinton. Whig, 79; Reuben Wood, Democrat, 74; Sam- 
uel Lewis, Abolitionist, 3; total, 156. 

1853 — Nelson Barrere, Whig, 63; William Medill, Democrat, 79; Samuel 
Lewis, Abolitionist, 21; total, 163. 

1855— Salmon P. Chase, Fusionist, 51; William Medill, Democrat, 106; 
Allen Trimble, KnowNothing, 18; total, 175. 

1857— Salmon P. Chase, Republican, 93; H. P. Payne, Democrat, 109; 
P. Van Trump, Know- Nothing, 1; total, 203. 

1859 — ^\/illiam Dennison, Republican, 92; R. P. Ranney, Democrat. 106; 
total, 198. 

1861 — David Tod, Republican, 109; H. J. Jewitt, Democrat, 101; total, 
210. 

1863 — John Brough, Republican, 141; C. L. Vallandigham, Democrat,. 
119; total, 2G0. 



238 . HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

1865 — J. D. Cox, Republican, 121; George W. Morgan, Democrat, 120; 
total, 241. 

1867— K. B. Hayes, Republican, 127; A. G. Thurman. Democrat, 138; 
total, 265. 

1869— R. B. Hayes, Republican, 113; G. H. Pendleton, Democrat, 143; 
total, 256. 

1871 — E. F. Noyes, Republican, 109; George W. McCook, Democrat. 
118; total, 227. 

1873— E. F. Noyes, Republican, 102; William Allen. Democrat, 112; 
Isaac Collins, Liberal Republican, 3; Gideon T. Stewart. Prohibition, 2; 
total, 219. 

1875 — R. B. Hayes, Republican, 117; William Allen, Democrat, 138; 
total, 255. 

1877 — William H. West, Republican, 120; R. M. Bishop, Democrat, 
149; total, 269. 

1879 — Charles Foster, Republican, 142; Thomas Ewing, Democrat, 152; 
total, 294. 

1881 — Charles Foster, Republican, 125; J. W. Bookwalter, Democrat, 
123; total, 248. 

The Justices who have served m Darby Township, as showu by the coun- 
ty register of oaths administered, together with respective dates of their com- 
missions, are as follows: Samuel Robinson, April, 1821; James Baol, April, 
1821; Samuel Robinson, 1824; James Boal, 1824; Judah Dodge, 1827; Elihu 
Knapp, 1828; David Mitchell, 1827; David Mitchell, 1830; John S. Irwin, 
1836; Amasa Chapman, 1836; William M. Robinson, 1837; John S. Irwin, 
1839; David Chapman, 1839; John Jolly, 1839; John W. Robinson, 1841; 
Philip Snider, 1842; William Robinson, 1842; John W. Robinson, 1844; 
Garret Harris, 1845; Philip Snider, 1845; B. A. Fay, 1846; John W. Robin- 
son, 184/; Garret Harris, 1848; William Tinkum, 1849, I'esigned 1850; 
John W. Robinson. 1850; E. D. Smith, 1850; Garret Harris, 1851; A. D. Doo- 
little, 1853; E. D. Smith, 1853; Garret Harris, 1854; A. D. Doolittle, 1856; 
E. D. Smith, 1856; Garret Harris, 1858; Adam Brown, 1859; resigned 1859; 
A. D. Doolittle, 1859; E. D. Smith, 1859, resigned 1860; Adam Brown, 1860, 
resigned 1861; Garret Harris. 1861; Jacob Wolfed, 1862, resigned 1865; 
Garret Harris, 1864; A. D. Doolittle, 1864; E. D. Smith, 1865; Garret Harris, 
1867; A. D. Doolittle, 1867; John F. Kilberry, 1868; H. J. King, 1869; 
Adam Brown, 1869, resigned 1869; William Harris, 1869; Garret Hai-ris, 
1870; O. P. Converse, 1872; E. D. Smith, 1872; Garret Harris, 1873, died 
February 16, 1875; George Harris, 1875; Joseph E. Foulk, 1875; E. D. 
Smith, 1875; George Harris, 1878; Joseph E. Foulk. 1878; E. D. Smith, 1878; 
George Harris, 1881; Joseph E. Foulk, 1881; E. D. Smith. 1881. 



Darby Township contains a greater number of surveys than most townships 
in the county. Many of them are for small quantities of land. Only a few'are 
for 1,000 acres or more, and a large proportion are for 100 acres or less. 
Those located north of Big Darby are generally larger and were mostly sur- 
veyed earlier than those south. Darby Plains, which included most of the 
township south of the creek, was not deemed desirable land and consequently 
not entered as long as better was still not located. The following is a list of 
the original proprietors of the surveys, their numbers, areas, surveyors and 
dates of survey : 

Lucas Sullivant, No. 2,879, 1,000 acres, Lucas Sullivant, November 3, 
1797. 




^^^^d. ^.^eM^eiy^ 






DARBY TOWNSHIP. 241 

Samuel Robinson, No. 2,977, 600 acres, Lucas Sullivant, October 30, 
1797. 

Lucas Snllivant, No. 3,162, 640 acres, Lucas Sullivant, April 15, 1798. 

Richard Stephenson, No. 2,671, 1,000 acres, Lucas Sullivant, April 4, 1798. 

Lucas Sullivant, No. 2,675, 1,000 acres, Lucas Sullivant, October 26, 
1797. 

Lucas Sullivant, No. 3,272, 100 acres, James Galloway, April 14, 1801. 

Lucas Sullivant, Nos. 3,311 and 3,312, 413 acres, Lucas Sullivant, June 
7 and July 7, 1798. 

Richard Stephenson, No. 3,482, 566| acres, Lucas Sullivant, April 7, 
1799. 

Richard Stephenson, No. 3,483, 450 acres, Lucas Sullivant, April 7, 
1799. 

Lucas Sullivant, No, 3,484, 800 acres, mostly in Jerome Township. 

Robert Power and Lucas Sullitant, No. 3,682, 310f acres, Lucas Sulli- 
vant, September 18, 1799. 

John Scott, No. 3,687, 548f acres, Lucas Sullivant, September 17, 1799. 

John Knight, No. 3,881, 344i^ acres, James Galloway, December 8, 1820. 

Elizabeth Rickman, No. 4,067, 1,120 acres, Joseph Kerr, October 24, 
1801. 

William Petty, No. 4,903, 100 acres, James Galloway, January 15, 1810. 

Bolzer King, No. 4,982, 100 acres, James Galloway, January 22, 1807. 

Peter Manifold, No. 4,998, 350 acres, Duncan McArthur, October 18, 
1809. 

Richard Smyth, No. 5,005, 200 acres, James Galloway, February 1 9, 
1807. 

Hugh Woodson, No. 5,008, 657 acres, James Galloway, August 15, 1806. 

Hugh Woodson, No. 5,009, 265 acres, James Galloway, August 15, 1806. 

Peter Manifold, No. 5,053, 42 acres, Duncan McArthur, October 18, 1809. 

Lucas Sullivant, No. 5,111, 80 acres, Allen Latham, April 5, 1825. 

Minor Smith, No. 5,122, 100 acres, James Galloway, January 23, 1807. 

James Galloway, Jr., No. 5,124, 400 acres, James Galloway, January 21, 
1807. 

James Galloway, Jr., Nos. 5,137. 7,964 and 7,218, 654|^ acres, James Gal- 
loway, November 7, 1833. 

Richard C. Anderson, No. 5,139, 1,000 acres, James Galloway, February 18, 
1807. 

William Steel, No. 5,141, 100 acres, James Galloway, April 19, 1817. 

John Arnold, No. 5,142, 200 acres, James Galloway, March 19, 1807. 

Lucas Sullivant, No. 5,236, 100 acres, James Galloway, April 14, 1807. 

James Galloway, Jr., No. 5,743, 200 acres, James Galloway, February 
26, 1808. 

Tuttle Hudson, No. 6,233, 100 acres, James Galloway, June 1, 1809. 

James Gallowav, Ji'. , No. 6,602, 683 acres, James Gallowav, Mai'ch 26, 
1810. 

James Galloway, Jr., No. 6,973, 100 acres, James Galloway, April 23, 
1811; partly in Madison County. 

James Galloway, Jr., No. 7,063, 60 acres, James Galloway, April 23, 1811; 
mostly in Madison County. 

Benjamin W. Ladd, No. 7,218, 592i^ acres, James Galloway, February 20, 
1812. 

James Johnston and John Graham, No. 7,245, 543 acres, Walter Dun, 
May 28, 1812. 

John Graham, No. 7,388, 91 acres, Walter Dun, June 4, 1813. 

14 



242 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

John Graham, No. 7,393, 313 acres, Walter Dun, August 29, 1812. 

James Johnston, No. 7,397, 100 acres, Walter Dun, August 29, 1812. 

Joseph Chambers, No 7,399, 80| acres, Walter Dun, August 29, 1812. 

Joseph Chambers, No. 7,400, 100 acres, Walter Dun, August 29, 1812. 

Walter Dun, Nos. 7,751 and 7,754, 447 acres, Walter Dun, July 1, 1813, 
partly in Jerome Township and Madison County. 

G. Scrugg, No. 7,759, 90 acres, Walter Dun, June 26, 1813, mostly in 
Madison County. 

James Johnston and John Graham, No. 7,916, 800 acres, Walter Dun, 
April 29, 1815. 

Walter Dun, No. 8,167, 100 acres, Walter Dun, August 28, 1815. 

Walter Dun, No. 8,508, 80 acres, Walter Dun, August 28, 1815. 

Walter Dun and John Graham, Nos. 8,536 ami 8,698, 441 acres, Walter 
Dun, April 22, 1816. 

Walter Dun, No. 8,783, 350 acres, Walter Dun, June 27, 1816. 

Joseph and Benjamin W. Ladd and Thomas Norrell, No. 9,003, 80 
acres, James Galloway, April 19, 1817. 

Same proprietors, No. 9,005, 13 acres, James Galloway, May 3, 1817. 

David Chapman, No. 10,793, 200 acres, Walter Dun, October 5, 1821. 

Walter Dun, No. 10,810, 75 acres, W^alter Dun, October 4, 1821. 

David Chapman, Nos. 10,987 and 12,170, Walter Dun, January 9, 1823; 
partly in Madison County. 

Walter Dun, No. 11,012, 120 acres, Walter Dun, May 31, 1822. 

Hugh Woodson, No. 12,075, 55 acres, James Galloway, Jr., December 24, 
1822. 

Samuel Smith, No. 12,169, 200 acres, Walter Dun, January 9, 1823. 

William Scooler and Walter Dun, Nos. 12,240 and 12,877, 258 acres, Cad- 
wallader Wallace, July 21, 1829. 

Thomas Lucas, No. 12,269, 130 acres, E. P. Kendrick, February 24, 
1834. 

Thomas Lucas, No. 12,269, 12 acres, E. P. Kendrick, February 9, 1834. 

Thomas Lucas, No. 12,270, 250 acres, E. P. Kendrick, March U, 1836. 

Joseph Spencer, No. 12,927, 40 acres, James Galloway, Jr., July 10, 
1830. 

Michael Sager, No. 14,437, 40 acres, E. P. Kendrick, October 10. 1839. 

J. Galloway, No. 15,310, 80 acres, James Galloway, Jr., August 3, 1847. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHKS. 

JOHN W. ADAMS, deceased. Our subject, John W. Adams came of New England 
stock, but was born in Madison Com ty, Ohio, where his father, Charles H., who was a native 
of Connecticut, settled when that county was a wilderness, and lived to the close of his life. 
John W. subsequently moved and settleil on the farm now occupied by Warren Harris in Darby 
Township, Union County, where he resided until his death. His wife. Miss Etha Delp, to whom 
he was inarried in this county, was a native of Germany, and a daughter of George H. Delp, of 
a pioneer family of Union County. Of the six children born to this union, five are living as fol- 
lows: Charles H., who married Mary Harris, of this county ; Albert married Sarah J. Harris, of 
this county ; David, Edward and William. The two lattpr at home, and David, at this time, 
July, 1882, is largely engaged in banking business at O'Neil City, Neb., where he has been aso- 
ciated tiie past two years. The present generaiion of the Adams family represent the descend- 
ants of otie of the oldest and respected pioneer connections of Madison and Union Counties. 

J. Q. ADAMS, farmer, P. (). Unionville Center. The Adams and Eastman families were of 
New l.ngland stock. Charles H. Adams and Maluthia, his wile, the grandparents, were among 
the first ai rival of pioneers in Madison County, Ohio, where they both died. A. P. and Betty 
R. (Coi verse) Adams, the parents of our subject, were both born and reared on Daiby Plains. 
They rai-ed a family of six children, but two of whom survive, viz., J. Q. and the youngest sis- 
ter, now the wife of S. McNeir, of Hardin County, Ohio. The subject of this sketch was born 
on the homestead in Madison County, in 1841. lie was married in 1861 to Miss Mar/ Mc- 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 243 

Neir, of this county. He served tht> three months' call for volunteers in Company K, Ohio National 
Guards, in 1864, and in 18Gt3 settled upon h's present estate, consisting of 1'2'> acres. He is t'chool 
Director at the present time, and a member of the Christian Church. His living children are 
Flora and Elizabeth U. 

.T. M. ANDREWS, farmer, P. O. Unionville Center, was born in Montpelier. Vt., February 
"24, 1814, and is a son of Charles Andrews. He with his family settled in this county in 1814, 
purchasing at the time a large tract of land. He died in 1823, and she in either 1818 or 1819. 
Seven chiKiren were born to them, two daughters and five sons. He married for his second 
wife Elizabeth Hurlburt, by whom he had two children. Our subject learned the blacksmith 
trade wlien a young man, and when of age he had only $:>5 in money. In 1841, he bought 160 
acres of Imd, to which he has since added by purchase, and owns at present 361 acres. .Jan- 
uary 21, 1841, he was married to Ann, daughter of Samuel Sager, who borehim twelve children, 
four of whom are living, viz., Elizabeth, Ira, Alvira and Sarah. A son, Anson P., enlisted, in 
1861, in the Thirteenth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry; he died at Sutton, W. Va., Sep- 
tember 13, 1861. Mr, A. has served as Township Trustee a number of terms, and is an exem- 
plary member of the Methodist Church. May 9, 1871, his residence was burned to the ground, 
and the following year he erected a commodious house which for design and finish has few 
equals. He is also interested in fish culture and his fish pool is stocked with imported Geri^an 
carp. 

IIUFUS ANDREWS, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, is the youngest son of Charles and Alvira 
(Hubbard) Andrews, of Connecticut, who settled in this county in 1814, purchasing at the tiine 
a large tract of land. Afterward he bought a tract of land in Franklin County, Ohio. He died 
in 1823, his wife died in 1819. Our subject was bound out at the age of fourteen years, and 
four years later went to Madison County, Ohio. May 27, 1840, he was married to Sophia C, 
daughter of C. Smith, by whom he had six children, one of whom is living, viz., Frank E. Our 
subject owns 100 acres of the homestead farm and in all he is the possessor of 275 acres of val- 
uable land. His son, Charles C, enlisted in 1863, in the three months' service, and re-enlisted 
in the Eighteenth United States Regulars, for three years, but on account of sickness was dis- 
charged. After recovering he again enlisted in the Forty-fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in 
which he served till the close of the war. Our subject married for his second wife Sarah N., 
daughter of H. AVheeler, who was born September 3, 1826. Mr. Andrews was born August 13, 
1817. 

ADDISON BIDWELL, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, is a son of Elisha and Doratha (Willey) 
Bidwell, both natives of Vermont. The family moved to Madison County, Ohio, in 1812, and 
settled upon 160 acres of military land now embraced in the limits of Canaan Township. He 
subsequently located on the Little Darby in Pike Township, where he put up the first saw mill 
erected in this part of the country, which he operated for many years. While felling a tree from 
the forest to complete the erection of his log cabin in Canaan Township, his right arm was caught 
and terribly crushed, which left that member a cripple for life. There being no surgeons at that 
time, his arm was bandag- d by the settlers, and all aid extended which willing hearts could be- 
stow. He subsequently became one of the largest and most extensive stock-dealers of the times. 
He cut and sold timber that built many of the first houses of that county. The first cattle sale 
in Miidison County was made by him. He was the father of seventeen children, fifteen of whom 
lived to be men and women. The subject of this sketch was born on the homestead in Madison 
County, Ohio, June 18, 1822. He was married in the same county September 14, 1843, 
to Miss Mary A., daughter of John Kennedy, a pioneer family of Madison, where she was born. 
Seven children born to this union are all living, viz.: Elizabeth, wife of S. Holycross, Jasper 
N., John Q., Alvina, wife of George Fenner, Rosena, wife of M. Guy, Howard, and William li., 
residing with his parents at home. Mr. Bidwell is connected with the Church Universal of 
Plain Ciiy, and is one of the oldest and respected pioneers of the county. 

JOHN BLAND, farmer, P. O. Milford Center, was born in Rutledge County, Va., in 1825, 
and is a i-on of Samuel and Abigal (Pherris) Bland, of Virginia. They settled in this county in 
1839, and he died in Milford Center in 1877. His estimable wife is yet living at 
the iige of seventy-seven years. Twelve children were born to them, nine of whom are living. 
Our t-ubject learned the cooper's trade, which he followed seven years. His present estate con- 
sists iu 194 acres, on which he located in 1874. In 1848, he wa.s married to Margaret, daughter 
of Edwar<l Kennedy. Mrs. Bland died July 7, 187->. Thirteen children were born to them, 
six of whom are living, viz.: Robert, John L., Emma, John J., Maggie and Joah. 

PEIER BLUMENSHINE farmer, P. 0. Marysville, is a son of Adam Blumenshine, a 
native of Germany, who, emigrating with his family to the United States, settled in this township, 
and was one of its early pioneers. He was the father of twelve children, six of whom survive. 
The subject of this sketch was born in Union County in 1836. He was married in 1857 to Miss 
Margaiei Colabaken, a native of Germany, who died leaving two children. His present wife 
was Miss Barbara Klieber, was born in Union County, an I is a daughter of .John Klieber. This 
union has borne two children, both of whom are living. Mr. Blumenshine began the struggle of 
life witii nothing but a strong arm, a willing heart, and the energies of his nature. By close 
applicaiion and perseverance he has accumulated a handsome property and home. He settled 



244 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

on his present estate in 1857, consisting of ninety-six acres, upon which is a commodious 
residence, and is rich and productive land. His living children are Annie, John, EflBe E. and 
Louis G. The family are connected with the German Lutheran Church. 

ADAM BROWN, deceased. This esteemed pioneer whose demise occurred after secur- 
ing tliis sketch, was born in Fayette County, Penn., September 2, 1813; he was the eld- 
est son of John and Martha (Clark) Brown, both of whom were natives of Fayette County, 
Penn. ; they were among the pioneers to Darby Township in the spring of 18o4, settling on the 
banks of the Big Darby ; the homestead purchase covered 256 acres, but subsequent additions 
in Darby and York Townships, gave him upward of 700 acres, 600 of which were within the 
boundaries of Darby Township. John Brown was one of the active men of his time, and figured 
extensively in the various settlements of the county. He died at his home during the Presiden- 
tial term of President Tyler. He raised a family of twelve children, two sons and three 
daughters of whom are living. The subject of this sketch was raised on the homestead farm, and 
on December 11, 1834, was married to Miss M*ry, daughter of John Jolly, who died in July, 
1860, leaving one son, Andrew, whose sketch appears in this work. He was again married in 
October, 1861, to Mrs. Mary A. ]*rice, a widow of William Price, a native of Richland County 
Ohio, and a daughter of Samuel Berryhill, who was a Representative to the Legislature from 
that and surrounding counties, at the tirst session ever held at Columbus. He was among the 
early pioneers of the West, and a man of prominence and ability. Adam Brown occupied his 
cozy home at Union ville Center in 1867, where he resided until his death in the fall of 1882. 
He was a man of exemplary habits, refined character, and was widely known and highly 
esteemed throughout the county. For years he was connected with the Presbyterian Church at 
Milford Center, and in the distribution of his abundant means, he gave freely to benevolent pur- 
poses, assisting public enterprises and improvements ; with his death passed away a worthy 
citizen, a good father and devoted husband. 

A '(DREW BROWN, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, was born on the old homestead near 
Unionville in 1841. He is the only living child of Adam Brown, 2d. His farm, which em- 
braces the homestead, contains 115 acres. He was married in I860 to Nancy Valentine, a na- 
tive of Union County, and a daughter of James Valentine. Five children were born to them; 
of these four are living, viz.: Addie L., Fred F., Ruby W. and Laurena. Mattie is deceased. 
Mr. Brown filled the office of Assessor five years, and Land Appraiser one term — 1880. He is 
a member of the Presbyterian Church, and is identified with the Blue Lodge, Chapter and 
Commandery of the Masonic order. Politically, he is Democratic. 

H. A. CHAPMAN, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, is a son of Abner and Relief (Baldwin) Chap- 
man, natives of Vermont. He, with his youngest brother, David, came on foot to this State in 
1810, and located in Franklin County, Ohio, and the following year removed to this county and 
engaged in teaching school near Plain City, having taught tirst at his own house, and was the 
first educator in this whole section of country; he taught oft" and on for twenty years. During 
the time he was thus engaged, he done surveying, the most of which was performed in Logan 
County, Ohio. He also served in the capacity of Justice of the Peace, and was Captain at one 
time of a company of Home Guards. Six of his children grew to manhood and womanhood, 
but the following only are living: Annis, Samuel D. and II. Amasa. He died in 1864, at the 
age of seventy-four years. She died in 1878. In early life, he kept a hotel and sold whfsky, 
and, becoming imbued with the principles of temperance, he burst his barrels and let the vile 
stuff escape. Tiie subject of this sketch was born in Jerome Township in 1825. In 1862, he 
enlisted in Company I, One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served till 
the close of the war. In 1852, he was married to Elizabeth H., daughter of Charles H. Chap- 
man, who bore him five children, two of whom are living, viz.: Darius A. and Fred F. Mrs. 

C. died in 18 — . His second marriage was celebrated April 16, 1868, to Elizabeth, daughter of 
John Wesley Hicks, who bore him two children, one living, viz.. Earnest. She died in Febru- 
ary, 1882. She was a graduate of Oberlin College, and taught school twenty-six years, having 
begun when only sixteen years old. She was an active worker in the church, and during the 
late war she labored incessantly for the comfort and welfare of our soldiers. Mr. C. and his 
deceased wife belonged to the Presbyterian Church, to which he has been connected many years. 

JASPER CONVERSE, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, is a grandson of Squire Converse, 
and a son of Edwin G. and Louisa (Ketch) Converse. His father wan a native of Vermont, and 
came with his father to Ohio in an early day, settling in Madison County, where the Squire 
died. The subject of this sketch was born in Jerome Township, this county, in 1840; his par- 
ents died when he was eleven years of age, and he was put under the care of L. M. Fairbanks, 
by whom he was raised. When the call for troops was made in 1861, he enlisted in Company 

D, Eighteenth United States Infantry, regular service, in which he served until one month after 
the battle of Stone River. The regiment was then consolidated into battalions, and he was trans- 
ferred to Company F, First Battalion, in which he served the balance of his three years' term 
of enlistment. He participated in tbe battles of Stone River, Perryville, siege of Corinth, Win- 
chester, Tenn., Resaco., and. lastly, at Pumpkin Vine Creek, where he was taken sick and sent 
to the hospital, where he remained until the close of his term of service ; he was discharged 
near Jonesboro, Ga. In 1864, he married Melissi, a daughter of Perry Douglas, and a native 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 246 

of Madison County. To this union five children have been born, four now living, viz.: Perry, 
C, Elta M. and Ada I. Mr. Converse settled on his present farm of eighty-one acres in 1865, 
and has since made it his home. He had two brothers in the war; Henry G. enlisted in the 
same company and regiment, and died at Louisville while in the service ; Ammon P. enlisted in 
December, 1861, in the Forty-sixth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of 
the war. He was in the battles at Shiloh and Vicksburg, and with Sherman in the march to the 
sea. He suffered from sickness, but remained with his command until the close of his term 
of service. 

CALEB H. CONVERSE, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center. Rev. Jeremiah Converse, the 
grandparent of Caleb, was a native of New Hampshire. He joined the Colonial army when 
sixteen years of age, and was sent out with a company of scouts who were decoyed by the 
Indians, and but three of the command returned. He was wounded in the shoulder, but es- 
caped, and soon after the close of the war in 1814 moved with his family and settled on Darby 
Plains, in Madison County, Ohio. He was a cripple for life from the wound, but lived to attain 
the advanced age of eighty-two years, dying in 1837. Parley Converse, father of Caleb, was the 
second son, born in Vermont. He was a minuteman drafted in the war of 1812, but did not 
serve. He was a mechanic, and held the office of Justice of the Peace many years. His wife, 
whose maiden name was Arpe Hemenway, was a native of Vermont, who bore him five 
children, all of whom lived to maturity. They occupied a pioneer home in Madison County, 
in 1819, when she died in 1828. His death occurred at the home of his son Caleb, in this 
county, and was in eighty-sixth year of his age. The subject of this sketch was born in Addi- 
son County, Vt., in 1810. He was married in 1830 to INIiss Lovica L. Ketch, a native of 
Madison County, Ohio. After his removal to Union County, he settled in Champaign County, 
but returned in 1846 and occupied his present estate consisting of 227 acres, valued at $65 per 
acre. He was Justice of the Peace for a time, and served the county as Clerk and Treasurer in 
its primitive days Seven children born to him, are all living, viz.: Nathan W., Obel B., 
Sarah, wife of G. D. ^Mitchell ; Orson P. and John L., both served in the Union army during the 
rebellion; Bushrod W., and Orinda J., wife of Elon Smith. Family are connected with the M. E. 
Church of Unionville Center. 

S. M. DOCKUM, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, is a grandson of James C and Polly Dockum, 
natives of New Hampshire, from which point they entered Canada, and were residents of Dun- 
ham ten years. In 1813, they moved and settled on the Little Darby in this township; thence to 
Madison County, Ohio, where he founded a home on Barron Run and passed the remainder of 
life's journey, dying in the seventy-second year of his age. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Madison County, Ohio, August 7, 1840, and is the seventh son of James and Betsy (Clement) 
Dockum. His father was first married to Miss Phebe, daughter of Jacob Jones, April 15, 1819; 
she died July 29, 1822, aged twenty-two years. Three children, the fruits of this union, 
are all deceased. His second marriage was to Miss Betsy Clement, which occurred April 13, 
1826; eight sons were born to this union, three of whom are living, viz.: Maskel, Marium and 
Lester. Mr. Dockum was reared on the homestead farm and has always followed thht occupa- 
tion. He served in the three months' call for volunteers in 1862, enlisting in Company E, 
Eighty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was married in 1865, to Miss Maggie, daughter of 
David Sager, and a native of Darby Township. Mr. Dockum is a member of the Masonic fra- 
ternity, and a representative branch of one of the oldest and respected families, Minnie is 
their only living child. 

LESTER A. DOCKUM, merchant, Unionville Center, is a grandson of James C. and Polly 
Dockum, natives of New Hampshire, from which point they entered Canada, where they resided 
until 1813, when they moved and occupied a pioneer home on the Little Darby in this township; 
subsequently he moved to Madison County, where he lived to the close of his life, aged seventy- 
two years. The subject of this sketch was born in Madison County, Ohio, in 1845, and is a son 
of James and Betsy (Clement) Dockum, natives of Vermont and New York respectively. Mr. 
Dockum was reared on the homestead. He served the three months' call for volunteers in the 
Union army, enlisting in Company K, One Hundred and Ninety-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 
in 1862, but the regiment did not go into active service until 1864. He was married in 1866 
to Miss Hattie V., daughter of John Hussell, and a native of this county. In 1879, Mr. Dockum 
succeeded Fouke & Co., in a general stock of goods at Unionville Center, where he has since 
been actively engaged, and is conducting a good trade. He carries a complete stock of goods, 
and is widely and favorably known. He is a member of the City Council, the Masonic fratern- 
ity, and politically is a thorough Republican. His living children are Ettie B. and Adelbert H. 

JOHN DOUGLASS, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, is the youngest son of David, Jr., and 
Sarah (Mathews) Douglass, the former a native of Connecticut, and the latter of Kentucky, 
where they were married. He, David, Jr.. was a soldier in the war of 1812, and his father, 
David, served in the Revolutionary war. Father and son were early settlers of Madison County, 
where they raised families and died. David, Jr., raised a family of twelve children, all but one 
of whom are living. The subject of this sketch was born in Madison County, Ohio, in April, 
1830. He was raised on the homestead farm, and was married in his native county to Miss 
Anna Converse March 9, 1852. She was born in Madison County, Ohio, July 27, 1830. Her 



246 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

father, Charles Converse, was born January 22, 1794, and died in Madison County, Ohio, Oc- 
tober 3, 1879. His wife, Phebe, (Norton) Converse, was born December 10, 1808, and died 
January 14, 1870. John and Anna Douglass had born to them four children, two of whom are 
living, viz.: Emma J., wife of L. H. Miller, and David M. Mr. Douglass settled on his present 
farm in 1858, at that time consisting of ninety-seven acres, covered with a dense wood. Tiiis 
land he has worked energetically in clearing, and now has a fine farm of 10 i acres, valued at 
$65 per acre, the original purchase being $12^ per acre. Mr. Douglass enlisted in 
Company K, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Ohio National Guards, three months' service, in 
1864, and served the call. The Douglas family are noted for longevity and robust constitution. 
They are among the oldest pioneer families of the county, and are members of the Church Uni- 
versal at Plain City. 

JOHN M. EIRICH, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Darby Township, Union County, 
in 1887, and is the oldest son of his parents born in this county. His f ither's name was George, 
and his mother's maiden name was Barbara Rupprecht, and both were natives of Germany. He 
was born in Bavaria, where he was married, and with his wife and five children embarked to 
the United States in 1887, and made a temporary location in this township, where he resided 
through the winter, and in the spring of 1888 purchased the farm now occupied by his son, the 
subject of our sketch, then consisting of eighty acres. During the latter year he erected a log 
house, and occupied the premises in the spring of 1889. He resided upon the farm during his 
life, and raised on the homestead farm two children, our subject and a younger brother, Goit- 
lieo, who resides in Van Wert County, Ohio His father died in 1817. He was a consistent 
church member all his life, and a worthy and esteemed citizen. The wife and widow who sur- 
vives him is residing with her children in the eighty-sixth year of her age. Subsequent addi- 
tions to the homestead ftirm has increased it 150 acres. The subject of this sketch was brought 
up on the homestead farm, and was married in 1866 to Miss Caroline Burger, a native of Marion 
County, Ohio. To this union three children have been born, all of whom are living, viz,: John 
v., Mary B. and Emanuel P. Mr. E. has filled the office of Assessor two years, and Township 
Trustee two years, and prior to his marriage engaged in teaching district school for four consec- 
utive winters, from which time he has been an invalid, after a severe attack of typhus fever. 
This has prohibited him from labor, and confined him to his home. He has always been con- 
nected with the Lutheran Caurch, and an officer of the church here for some time. 

L. .M. FAIRBANKS, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, came to this State in 1887. He was 
born in Windsor County, Vt., in 1824, and is ason of Luther and Lucy (Lewis) Fairbanks, both 
natives of that State. They came to Ohio at the date above written, and settled on the Darby, in 
Union Township. Luther was a farmer, and worked at farming some years, after which he re- 
turned to Massachusetts and remained six or eight years, but subsequently returned to Ohio, 
and died at the residence of his son at the age of seventy-six years. His wife preceded him 
to the grave. The subject of this sketch was raised on the homestead farm in Union Township, 
and afterward returned to the Eastern States and remained three or four years. He then settled 
on his present farm of 220 acres of valuable and productive land. He followed his trade of 
wagon-maker from 1844 to 1850, in Union Township. He is largely engaged in stock and grain 
dealing at the present time; has been Trustee of the township, and a member of the Agricult- 
ural Board eight years. He is one of the oldest and most highly respected citizens of the 
county, and in politics a Republican. In 1846, he married Miss Mary A. Smith, a native of 
New York State, a history of whose ancestry is hereto appended. This union was blest with ten 
children, of whom seven survive, viz. : Charles W., Luther M., William D., Newton H., Jennie, 
Nellie and Harry. 

WILLIAM DE FOREST SMITH and family settled on the Darby Plains, four miles south of 
Milford, in 1835. He and a brother-in-law. Dr. Benjamin Davenport — a famous physician, still 
held in grateful remembrance by old residents of Union ami Champaign Counties — started from 
Columbia County, State of New York, early in 1834, for the West. Not having determined on the 
location, the families of the two young men were left in charge of Mr. Smith at Wilkesbarre, in the 
picturesque valley of Lehigh, while Dr. Davenport surveyed the promised land. He selected the 
Darby Plains, where cousins of his, James Miller and the Culvers, were already residing on ex- 
tensive farms. The next year the families followed, crossing the mountains in wagons, the only 
mode of conveyance in those times. Here Mr. Smith opened a carriage shop, and in later years 
added to the diversity of his employment by farming. Besides the land on the plains, he pur- 
chased jointly with his son-in-law, L. M. Fairbanks, a farm cut out of the Virginia military tract 
on the Big Darby, near the Madison County line. 

William De Forest Smith was born in Litchfield County, Conn., April 3, 1805. He was a de- 
scendent of the Rev. Henry Smith, a Congregational clergyman, active in affairs in tlie early times 
of that colony. His grandfather. Bethel Smith, a farmer, who resided at Kent, on the Housatonic 
River, was born in 1728, and lived to be about a century old. His lather, Lyman Smith, also a 
farmer, married Elizabeth De Forest. Soon after his birth his mother died, and Lyman went to 
the Green River Valley, Columbia County, N. Y., where he had a farm, to reside. He survived 
his wife onlyabjut five years, dying at the early age of thirty. The orphan child William was 
sent to live with an uncle near Great Barrington, Mass., where he was educated and instructed a3 
a mechanic. 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 247 

William De Forest Smith married a daughter of Deacon Story Gott, of Green River — Almira 
Gott, who was born May 21, 1809. The Gott family is also one of the oldest of the Connecticut 
families. Story Gott was a direct descendant of the Daniel Gott who was among the emigrants 
who arrived in New England prior to 1690, and settled in the valley of the Connecticut. The 
family was Dutch, and had been driven out of the Netherlands by Spanish Catholic persecutions; 
and again left England to seek perfect religious freedom in America. Story Gott, the father of 
Almira Gott, served as a Lieutenant throughout the Revolutionary war, thus testifying the will- 
ingness of the blood to fight for civil as well as religious liberty. After the close of the war, he 
built a residence on a farm he owned in the Green River Valley, midway between Green River 
and Spencertown, where he raised a large family, and was known to be as zealous a Presbyterian 
and Freemason as he had been a soldier. The family were Federalist, then VVhig, and then Re- 
publican in politics, and very active. Story Gott's brother Daniel was a Member of Congress, 
and for many years a Judge of the Court of Appeals. Both of the brothers were personal friends 
as well as political associates of Horace Greeley. William De Forest Smith died in October, 
1849. Almira, his wife, survived him about twelve years. They were buried in the cemetery at 
Mil ford. 

The children of William De Forest and Almira Gott Smith who survive, are A.un Elizabeth, 
born 1828; Mary Adelaide, born 1829 ; Charles Warren, born 1831 ; William Henry, born 1833 ; 
and Celia J., born 1841. All are married and have families of their own. The eldest daughter 
married W. W. Norton ; the second, L. M. Fairbanks, and the third, Clark Ritchie. 

The elder son, C. W. Smith adopted and has followed the railroad business, and is to-day 
one of the most prominent and successful railroad oflBcers in the United States. He is the Gen- 
eral Manager of the Chesapeake and Ohio system which extends from Newport News at the 
confluence of the James River and Chesapeake Bay to Memphis, Tenn., and which is soon to be 
united with the Southern Pacific at Shreveport, La. His headquarters are at Richmond, Va. 

The second son, William Henry Smith, graduated at a Quaker College near Richmond, Ind., 
and adopted the profession of a journalist. When twenty-one years of age, he edited at Cin- 
cinnati a literary monthly called the Casket and Review, and a weekly called The Type of the 
Times. Subsequently he became connected with the daily press of Cincinnati, and when the 
war broke out was on the editorial staff of the Gazette. In 1863, he was invited by John 
Brough, Ohio's great war Governor, became his private secretary, and while holding that posi- 
tion was nominated and elected Secretary of State on the Union ticket in 1864, and was re- 
elected in 1866. He resigned this ofiice in January, 1868, to return to journalism. He estab- 
lished the Cincinnati Chronicle, and on that being merged into the Times, accepted the appoint- 
ment of General Manager of the Western Associated Press, the largest news organization in the 
world, with headquarters at Chicago. This was in January, 1870. When Rutherford B. Hayes 
was elected President, he appointed Mr. Smith Collector of Customs for the port of Chicago, 
whicli ofiice he held until after the death of President Garfield, when his commission having 
expired, he declined to permit his name to be used longer in connection with the ofiBce. Mr. 
Smith has written a great deal, his largest literary work being " The St. Clair Papers," two vol- 
umes, octavo, which covers the years of the Revolutionary war. Government under the Confeder- 
ation, and the Government of the Northwestern Territory before Ohio was admitted as a State. 

GEORGE FENNER, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, eldest son of Hezekiah and Lucinda 
(Kimball) Fenner, was born in Union County, in October, 1846 ; his grandfather, Benjamin 
Fenner, came to near Liverpool. Madison County, at an early day, and purchased a farm of 
sixty acres. The subject of this sketch was reared in Union County, and educated in the com- 
mon schools of his native place. In 1871, he was married to Celia Morse, daughter of Jason 
Morse. Mrs. Fenner died in 1874, and left one son — Alfred E. Mr. F. married for his second 
wife Alvira Bidwell, a native of this county, and a daughter of Addison Bidwell, an early set- 
tler of the county. Two children were born to this union — Howard N. and Oscar A. Mr. Fen 
ner settled on his present farm in 1871, and is engaged in agriculture and stock-raising. His 
farm contains 121 acres of land, valued at $75 per acre. 

A. J. FERGUSON, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, was born in Lancaster County, Penn., 
June 17, 1827, and is a son of William and Anna (Robbins) Ferguson. He was born in Scot- 
land and she in New Jersey ; he died in Peunsylvania in 1844. The widow with her eldest son, 
Wesley, came to this county in 1855 ; she died May 18, 1862. Our subject purchased his pres- 
ent estate in 1858. January 1, 1854, he was married to Eleanor, daughter of John and Marga- 
ret Jolly, who has borne him eight children, six of whom are living — Elton W., Andrew, Mc- 
Clellan, Mertie, Hattie M. and Nettie. April 25, 1861, Mr. Ferguson enlisted in Company F, 
Thirteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry — three months' service ; he re-enlisted November 21, 1861, in 
Company K, Fifty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served three years and one month. He 
passed through many of the hard-fought battles of the war, twenty-three in number ; he was 
promoted February 16, 1862, to Second Lieutenant, and again to the First Lieutenancy 
after the battle of Shiloh, and was made Captain of Company C after the battle of Jonesboro. 
He has served in the capacity of Township Clerk for nearly twenty years, and assessed the 
township in 1880, and the same year took the census of Darby Township. In 1870, he was a 
land appraiser; he is also a member of the order of Free and Accepted Masons, and also of the 
Grand Army of the Republic, of which latter he is a Vice Commandant. 



248 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

JOHN GUY, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, is a son of James and Mary (Carey) Guy, and a 
grandson of Jacob and Hannah (Bean) Guy, who was born in Caledonia County, Vt. He re- 
moved to Canada in which he lived till the war of 1812, when he returned to the States and set- 
tled in Franklin County, Ohio, and some years later he returned to Canada, where his wile died ; 
he afterward returned and died in Madison County, Ohio. James Guy was born in Vermont, 
and his wife in Madison County, Ohio. He settled in this county in 1845, and afterward dealt 
largely in stock. Nine children were born to them, eight of whom are living — Ann, Rhoda, 
Harriet, Mary, John, James H., Marshall P. and Lucy ; Eliza M., the oldest, deceased. Our 
subject enlisted in 1863, in Company K, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Regiment, one hundred 
day service. He is a Republican in politics, and a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. 

MARSHALL P. GUY, farmer, P. O. Plain City, was born in 1845, on the old homestead 
farm in Darby Township, upon whicii he has always resided. The original purchase of 146 
acres has received subsequent additions, and now consists of 552 acres, of which he owns one- 
half. He was raised as a farmer, and in 1872 married Miss Rosa Bldwell, a daughter of 
Addison and Mary A. Bidwell, early pioneers of this township, where she was born and 
raised. This union has been blest with four children, three surviving, viz.: Alice, Rodney 
and Effie. During the rebellion Mr. Guy served as a private in 1864, in the one hundred days' 
service, with Company K, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Ohio National Guards. He is a believer 
in the doctrine of universal salvation and a member of the Universalist Church at Plain City. 
He is also a member of the Odd Fellows fraternity and one of the substantial freeholders of 
this township. 

WARREN HARRIS, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, is the youngest son of Ganet and 
Sarah (Orr) Harris, and was born in Darby Township, Union County, in 1836. He was raised 
on the homestead farm in this township, and resided at home until after his marriage, which 
occurred in March, 1855, to Miss Eliza A. McNier, a native of this county and a daugliter of 
John and Lydia McNier, early pioneers of this county. To this union four children have been 
born, all of whom are living — Mary S., wife of Charles H. Adams, resides in this township ; 
Sarah J., wife of Albert Adams, resides in the county ; Isaac W. and John E., both residing at 
home. Mr. Harris settled on his present farm, consisting of seventy-five and one-third acres, in 
February, 1879. He has always made L'nion County his home, and is connected with the 
Christian Church, and is one of the relics of the old and early pioneers of the count}-. 

S. B. HOLYCROSS is a son of David and Phoebe Fenner Holycross, natives Virginia and 
Rhode Island, respectively, who settled in this county when they were married. Nine children 
were born to them, seven of whom are living. One son. Perry, enlisted in the One Hundred 
and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was wounded at the battle of Chickamauga and 
subsequently died in a hospital. The subject of this sketch is the oldest son, and was born in 
Madison County, Ohio, in 1838. He served in the one hundred days' service in the One Hun- 
dred and Thirty-sixth Regiment Ohio National Guards. 

HIRAM KENT, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, is 'he fourth child of Silas and Olive 
(West) Kent, natives of New Jersey and Connecticut, respectively, who came to Ohio in 1807 
and located in Franklin County, where they were among the early pioneers. Our subject was 
born in Franklin County, in 1807, about three months after his family arrived at their Western 
home. The family subsequently removed to Greene County, and from thei-e to Montgomery 
County, where they remained until Hiram attained the age of thirteen years, when they 
moved to Madison County and settled on Darby Plains. They subsequently moved to Union 
County and settled on the farm now owned by George Caldwell, which they afterward sold, and 
purchased in the same township another farm, upon which the fiither passed the rest of his 
life, dying in the fifty-sixth year of his age. His wife afterwai-d moved to Appanoose County, 
Iowa, where she died. They raised a family of thirteen children, seven of whom are living. 
He was a man of quiet, unostentatious habits, who had no aspirations for political honors and 
gave his entire time to the pursuits of private life. The subject of this sketch remained at 
home until April 16, 1829, when he was married, on the home place, by Rev. Samuel Bradford, 
to Miss Miranda Harrington, who was born at East Montpelier, Vt., November 8, 1807. To 
them were born seven children, of whom two survive, viz.: Cicero and Lucinda. The former 
married Margaret J. Moffard and has five children, three sons and two daughters. The latter 
is the wife of E. W. Barlow. Mr. Kent settled on the farm now occupied by him in 1838. It 
consists of 162 acres of valuable land. His advantages for education in early life were limited, 
and the substance of which he is now possessed has been acquired by his own energy, economy 
and perseverance. He is a thorough Republican in politics, and for thirty years has been a 
member of the Masonic order. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Churcli. 

JOHN F. KILBURY, farmer. P. 0. Plain City, was born in Canaan Township, :\ladison 
County, Ohio, in 1834, and is a son of Thomas and Martha (Finch) Kilbury, both natives of Ver- 
mont, who joined the pioneer settlements of Madison County at an early time. His wife died 
after bearing him eight children, seven of whom survive. He was again united to Mrs. Polly 
Somers, widow of James Somers, by whom he had five children. Three by this union are living, 
and the respected and aged pioneer is at this time, 1882, in the eighty-sixth year of his age. 
The subject of this sketch was reared on the homestead, and when nearly of age moved to Frank- 






,^^-u,^-t.ll^ 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 2.'^! 

lin County, Ohio, where he was married December, 1856, to Miss Lydia A., daughter of Jona- 
than Norton, a native of Franklin County. Three years afterward, he returned to Madison 
County, and in 1866 purchased the land of his present farm, seventy acres, upon which he set- 
tled, and has since made it his home. He is connected with the Methodist Episcopal Church of 
Plain City, and has a family of seven children, all of whom are living, viz.: George E., Delia .J., 
Laura, Annette, John S., Jamfs S. and Charles F. 

ASA KILBURY, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, is a son of Richard and Obediana (Baldwin) Kil- 
bury, natives of Vermont, who came to this county in 1814. He (Richard) was a son of John 
Kilbury, a native of England, who served seven years in the British Navy. He was set at lib- 
erty on the American shore, and settled in the above^State, where he died. Richard settled in 
Darby Township, Madison County, Ohio, where he lived many years. He died at the age of 
ninety years (nearly). He was a smith by trade. Our subject was born June 24, 1806. He 
was married March 18, 1832, to Ruth Clark, who bore him nine children, of whom five are liv- 
ing, viz.: James, Robert, Mortimer, Dunbar and Solomon H. Mr. K. settled on his present es- 
tate, which consists of 192 acres, in 1863. He is one of the intelligent and enterprising citizens 
of the county, and in every respect a progressive man. He is an exemplary member of the 
Christian Church and a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. 

JOHN KNOCK, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, was born in England in 1819, and in 1840 
emigrated to this country with a brother Joseph, vshose whereabouts is unknown. He located 
first in Summit County, Ohio, and afterward removed to this county in which he lived fourteen 
months ; he then resided in various places until 1852, when he located in Union County. He 
now owns 156 acres of good land. He was married in 1846, to Grace Morrison, who has borne 
him five children, four of whom are living, viz.: Herman J., Adelia J., deceased, Mary L., Ma- 
nila G. and Charles M. He has served in the capacity of Trustee and Justice of the Peace. On 
his land is a magnetic spring which flows continually. 

J. P. MARTIN, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in Darby Township October 2, 
1836. His parents, James and Edith (Penrose) Martin, were natives of Lancaster County, Penn. 
They came to Union County in a wagon, arriving in Darby Township, in September, 1835. Mr. 
Martin erected a log house on the site of our subject's present residence, and is still living, in 
the seventy-eighth year of his age. He reared a family of six children, of whom four are now 
living. Our subject is the only son. He was reared on the homestead and educated in the 
schools of his native place, and Otterbein University. In September, 1869, he removed to his 
present location. In the second year of the rebellion, Mr. Martin enlisted in Company D, For- 
tieth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He served three months, and was discharged by an 

act of the War Department. He re-enlisted in November, 1862, in Ohio Cavalry, and 

served till the close of the war. He was subsequently employed in the mustering service at 
Louisville, Ky. At the termination of this military service, he returned home, and November, 
1867, was married to Miss Harriet, daughter of Frederick Sager. Two children were the fruits 
of this union — James H. and Jasper M. Mrs. Martin was reared to womanhood in Darby 
Township, and educated in the Female Department of the Ohio Wesleyan University, from which 
institution she graduated in June, 1867. Mr. Martin finished his course in the Otterbein Uni- 
versity, in June, 1861, and ever since has displayed an active interest in educational affairs. 

JAMES MARTIN, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, an old and respected pioneer of Union 
County, was born in Lancaster County, Penn., in 1805. His parents, Jonathan and Keziah 
(Irwin) Martin, were natives of Lancaster County, and of Irish ancestry. Mr. Martin passed 
his youth and early manhood on his father's farm, and has always followed that avocation. In 
1833, he came on horseback to Union County, occupying eleven days in the trip. He purchaset^L 
the homestead, and returned to Pennsylvania, and the following year moved with his family to 
this county, making the journey in a wagon in seventeen days. Mr. Martin bought 150 acres 
of woodland, for which he paid $10 an acre, the highest rate at which land was selling. Mr. 
Martin cleared and well improved his farm, and has been engaged in the pursuits of agriculture 
and stock-raising. In 1832, he was married to Miss Edith Penrose, by whom he has h;ul six 
children; of these four are living, viz., Joseph; Belle, wife of Joseph Woods; Maria, wnfe of 

James Anderson; and . Mr. Martin has always resided on the homestead farm, which 

he has increased to 230 acres. He is connected with the Presbyterian Church of Milford Center, 
and is a highly esteemed citizen. 

JAMES McCLOUD, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, is a grandson of Thomas McCloud, a 
native of Vermont, who with two brothers, Charles and David, came to the West and settled on 
Darby Plains, this county and township, in 1810, and were among its earliest pioneers. The 
subject of this sketch was born in Delaware County, Ohio, in 1833. His parents, John and 
Laura (Tinkham) McCloud, were natives of Delaware County and Vermont, respectively. They 
settled in Madison County in 1853. Two years later they moved to Whitley County, Ind., 
thence to Miami County, and to Union County, Ohio, in 1850, and settled on a farm in Union 
Township. His death occurred at Unionville Center, January 19, 1872. His wife, who sur- 
vives, is in the seventy-first year of her age. James McCloud was married in 1854 to Miss 
Malinda, daughter of Jeremiah Converse, a pioneer family of Madison County, where she was 
born. This union has produced six children, three of whom are living, viz., Jeremiah B., Nina 



252 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY, 

R. and Mamie M. Mr. McCloud served the three months' call for troops during the rebellion, 
in the ranks of Cumpany H, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Ohio National Guard, and suffered 
by sickness nearly the whole time of service. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. and connected 
with the Methodist Episcopal Church or Louis Chapel of Chuckery. 

DAVID McCLOUD, farmer. P. 0. Milford Center, was born in Adams County, Ohio, in 
April, 1838, and is a son of John McCloud, a native of Ohio, and Laura Tinkham, his wife. 
The latter was born at Barre, Vt., and when six years of age came to the West with her parents, 
Isaac and Cynthia (Snow) Tinkham, who settled north of Worthington, Franklin County. Mrs. 
Tinkham died near Columhus, and he afterward married again and moved to Indiana, where he 
died. .John and Laura McCloud had ten children that reached their majority, of whom seven 
are now living, our subject being the fourth son. His maternal grandfather was a native of 
Vermont, and a soldier in the war of Independence. The McCloud family moved to Delaware 
County, Ohio, thence to Madison County, thence to Indiana, thence, in 1859, to this county, and 
our subject located on his present farm in 1872. In July, 18G1, he enlisted in Company B, 
Thirty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, ami served until the close of the war, being at that time 
a Corporal. He participated in the siege of Vicksburg and at, Atlanta, in the latter engagement 
receiving a flesh wound in the arm, on account of which he received a thirty-days' furlough. 
Returning to his regiment, he served under Sherman in his march to the sea. About the time 
of Hood's raid, he was retiring to the right and joined his command at Marietta, Ga. He took 
part in the Graml Review at Washington, and was mustered out at Columbus, Ohio, in August, 
1865. On November 16, 1870, he married Miss Clara J. Morse, a daughter of Ray G. Morse, 
an I by her has had four children, two living, viz.. Mertie A. and Laura B. Mr. McCloud is a 
Republican in politics, and the owner of eighty-eight acres of valuable and productive land. 

J. C. McCLOUD, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, 
in 1829, and is a son of Thomas and Lovina (Cummings) McCloud; the former a native of 
New Hampshire, and the latter of Maryland. His father, with Benjamin Tinkham, were among 
the early pioneers of Union County. Thomas and wife subsequently removed to Delaware 
County, Ohio, where they both died. The subject of this sketch was married in 1862, to Melissa, 
youngest living daughter of Benjamin Tinkham. One child, Tina, the only living of this union. 
Mr. McCloud served the 100-days' call during the rebellion in Company K, One Hundred and 
Sixth Ohio National Guard, and has always made farming his profession. His home is the 
original farm selected by Benjamin Tinkham, where he passed the years of his life. Mr. and 
Mrs. McCloud are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and are- descendants of Union 
County's oldest and respected pioneers. 

THOMAS C. McDowell, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, is a grandson of John McDowell, 
and a son of William G. McDowell, and Rebecca Paris, his wife. John and William G. Mc- 
Dowell were natives of Pennsylvania, who came to this county at an early day, and settled on a 
farm of eighty acres in Union Township. To this farm William G. afterward made additions, un- 
til, at his death, in 1855, it consisted of oliO acres. He was an extensive farmer, and one of the 
leading stock dealers in the county, and gave his entire attention to these two branches of industry. 
His widow is still living, and is now in the sixty-seventh year of her age. They raised a family of 
seven children, four boys and three gitls, of whom five are now living, our subject being the sec- 
ond son of the family. He was born on the homestead farm in 1843, and in August, 1861, enlisted 
in Company B, Thirty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of the war, a 
term of three years and eleven months. He participated in the battles of Harper's Ferry, Cham- 
pion Hills and siege of Vicksburg. remaining at the latter place until February, when the regiment 
re-enlisted. After a thirty days' scout, the command went to Meridian, Miss., where they re- 
ceived a thirty days' furlough and returned home. After the expiration of their leave of absence, 
they returned to Memphis, crossed Tennessee and joined Sherman's army, at Shanty Station, 
Ga. Mr. McDowell served at the battles of INIarietta, Kenesaw Mountain and Atlanta, Feb- 
ruary 22, where he was taken prisoner, and after sixty days in Andersonville, was released on 
a special exchange between Sherman and Hood, returning to his command ; and he was in Sher- 
man's march at the sea, and at the battle of Raleigh, N. C, where he witnessed the surrender of 
the rebel Gen. Lee. He afterward took part in the grand review, and was mustered out of the 
service at Louisville, Ky., July 25, 1865. After he returned to civil life he remained at home, 
where he was married in 1869, to Emily Mitchell, a daughter of J. Mitchell, and a native of this 
county. To this union five chil iren were born, three surviving, viz.: Eddie M., Effie L. and 
Lulrella. Mr. McDowell is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and of the Ex-Prison- 
ers' Association of Columbus. He is a member of the United Presbyterian Church at Unionville, 
and a Republican in politics. 

J. C. MITCHELL, farmer, P. O. Unionville Center. The Mitchell family are largely repre- 
sented in Union County, the descendants of whom were of Pennsylvania stock. The grand 
parent, Samuel, with a colony of four families, was the first to found a settlement on the Darby in 
this county, in 1799, where they raised families and died. David Mitchell, the father of our sub- 
ject, was born in York County, Penn., April 30, 1 760, and was one of four children, who passed a 
portion of their lives in this county, where he died January 28, 1826. His first wife, Miss Han- 
nah Black, was born in August, 1764, and died September 20, 1823, and were the parents of 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 253 

thirteen children. His second marriage was to Miss Rebecca Nelson, February 26, 1824. She 
died October 9, 182i. He returned to his native place in Pennsylvania, where he was again 
married October 6, 1825, to Miss Hannah, daughter of John Caldwell, of York County, Penn. David 
Mitchell served as Justice of the Peace all his life, and married thirty-two couple in Union 
County. He was one of the first Associate Judges of the county, and for years an Elder of the 
Presbyterian Church. His counsel was sought in all public affairs; he was a father to the poor, 
and in death left an honored and cherished name. The subject of ibis sketch is the only living 
representative of this family, and was born in Darby Township, in 1826. He was m.irried Au- 
gust \i6, 1852, to Miss Nancy J., a daughter of Samuel McCul ough. This union has been blest 
with six children, four of whom are living, viz.: Lucinda A., wife of William Markly ; Emma J., 
wife of J. B Galloway, who reside on the homestead; Samuel M. and David A. Mr. M. has 
always lived a quiet, unostentatious life on the homestead, surrounded by his children and 
grau'lcbildren. In 1876, after a visit to the centennial at Philadelphia, Penn , be gradually lost 
his eyesight, and became totally blind ; yet he is of so and health, and his keea sense of bearing, 
combined with qualities of the head and heart, make him a pleasing companion. He numbers 
among tho-fe of tlie oldest born settlers of the county. 

DANIEL MITCHELL, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center. The grandparents of Daniel, Da- 
vid anil Martha Mitchell, were among the earliest pilgrims of Union County. He purchased 
and settled on oOO acres of land in Darby Township, where they both died. The subject of this 
sketch was born in Darby Township, Union County, in 1817. His parents; Moses and Jennie 
(Taylor) Mitchell, were natives of Pennsylvania, and located with ttie family in this township, 
where they passed the remaining years of their lives. They raised a family of ten children, 
six of whom survive. Our subject is the oldest living of the children, and was married in 1842 
to Miss Sarah Marquis, a native of Madison County. This union has produced four children, 
viz.: Edward, Cinthia, Hattie and Frank. Mr. Mitchell occupied his present estate in 1846, 
consisting of 217 acres. He is a practical farmer, and politically is a Douglas Democrat of the 
old Jacksonian school. 

DAVID MITCHELL, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, is a grandson of David Mitchell, 
who was a native of Pennsylvania, and a son of Moses and Jane (Taylor) Mitchell. His father 
was also born in Pennsylvania, and came West with his parents in 1812, and settled on land 
now owned by John Mitchell. He had a family of six children by his first wife, and by his 
second wife, Jemima Cartright, had a like number. He died at the age of eighty-one years, in 
1863. Our subject was mirried in 1851 to M^ss Elizabeth Winfield, by whom he had eight 
children, seven of whom are living, viz.: M iry J., Arvilla, Fannie, Alice, Mattie, Rosa and 
Scott. 

JOSEPH MORSE, farmer. P. 0. Milford Center, is a son of Ray G. Morse, and was born 
in Union Township in 1837. He was married in 1872 to Elizabeth, daughter J. S. Taylor, of 
Madison County, Ohio, by whom he has had one child, viz., Sadie. Mr. Morse enlisted in 1862 
in Company E, Eighty-sixth Regiment, in which he served four months. He owns ninety-two 
acres of laud, valued at $1U0 per acre. Politically he is Republican, and, besides, is one of the 
enterprising farmers of the county. 

VV. F. H. PENNINGTON, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, was born in Champ.aign County 
in 1832 He is a son of Thomas and Ann E. (Holla way) Pennington. His father and parents 
removed and settled near Hillsboro, Ohio ; his grandfather subsequently removed to Milton, 
Ind., where he died. Thomas and Ann E. Pennington moved to Clark County, and afterward 
to Champaign Couaty. In 1842, they went to Madison County, and in 1854 to Williams County, 
where Mr. Pennington died in 1864. Mrs. Pennington resides in that county, in the 
seventy-sixth year of her age. They reare'd a family of twelve children, seven of whom are 
living at the present time. The subject whose name heads this sketch is the fourth child. He 
came to Union County in 1860, and taught school the two succeeding years. May 2, 1864, he 
enlisted in Company K, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Regiment Ohio National Guards, and 
served till August 30, when he was honorably discharged. Returning home he resumed farm- 
ing and teaching. December 25, 1865, he was married to Harriet R., daughter of Michael 
Sager, and a native of Union County.. Mr. Pennington owns a good farm and is engaged in the 
pursuit of agriculiure. Mr. Pennington is a member of the Methodist Episcopal CHurch. He 
is also connected with the Blue Lodge, Chapter and Commandery of the Masonic order. Po- 
litically, he is a Republican. He has served his township in the capacity of Trustee and various 
other local oflices. 

PHILIP RAUSCH, farmer, P.O. Marysville, a prominent German farmer of Union County, 
was born in Frederickstown, Md., November 24, 1831. He is a son of George and Catharine 
(Blumenshine) Rausch, who emigrated from Germany in 1830 and settled in Maryland, re- 
moving to Darby Township in April, 1832, where Mr. Rausch died August 17, 1862. Philip is 
the third of a family of ten children, of whom eight are living. When twenty years of age, he 
started out working by the month, and followed this employment three years at wages from $10 
a month to 50 cents a day. In 1854, he bought 100 acres in Darby Township, and the following 
fall erected his home, burning the brick himself. He made subsequent additions to the original 
purchase till his farm now contains 640 acres of well improved and highly cultivated land. Mr. 



254 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. -^ 

Rausch celebrated his marriage April 15, 1855, with Miss Barbara, daughter of Michael and 
Elizabeth Grace, who was born in Germany, November 10, 1834. Thirteen children were born 
to bless this union ; of these twelve are living, viz.: John A. W.; Catharine, wife of Martin 
Ruprite ; Casper ; Lena ; Mary ; Emanuel ; Charlie ; Michael ; Willie ; Anna ; Dora and Caro- 
line. Philip died, aged twelve years. Mr. Rausch started in life without a dollar, but 
by his industry and excellent business management he achieved a large success. For the last 
twenty-six years he has been engaged in breeding and rearing draft horses, and keeping a high 
grade of cattle and hogs. Mr. and Mrs. Rausch are members of the Lutheran Church. In 
politics, Mr. Rausch is neutral, voting for the man and not the party. He served Darby Town- 
ship in the capacity of Trustee for ten years, and has also filled other local offices of minor im- 
portance. 

PETER RAUSCH, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Darby Township, on October 5, 

1844, and is the seventh child of George and Catherine (Blumenshine) Rausch. She came to 
this township with her father, Peter Blumenshine, in 1830. He first settled on the land now 
owned by Philip Rausch, and died at the home of Casper Rausch in 18G2. Catherine Rausch 
is living with Casper to-day, in the seventy-eighth year of her age. The subject of this sketch 
was raised on the homestead farm, and was married in 18(J7 to Miss Doratha, a daughter of 
John Bunsold, an old settler of Darby Township. To this union seven children have beea 
born, all of whom are living — Catherine, Maggie, Annie, Philip, John L., Sophia and Lena. 
There was of George and Catherine Blumenshine' s family nine children born, eight of whom 
are living in this county. Mr. R. has filled the office of School Director two years, and is an 
officer in the Lutheran Church, of which the family are all members. 

BARNARD RAUSCH, Jr., farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Darby Township in September, 

1845, and is the youngest son of George and Catherine (Blumenshine) Rausch, who emigrated 
to this county in 183U, and located in Maryland two years. He came to this county and settled 
in this township, where he resided until his death in 1862. The subject of this sketch was born 
and raised on the homestead farm, and was married in October, 1869, to Miss Catherine Bun- 
sold, daughter of John Bunsold ; she is anative of this county. To this union six children were 
born — John, Lillie, Etta, Richey, Clara, and Mary, deceased. Mr. R. settled on his present 
farm in the same year of his marriage. The farm consists of 112 acres, where he has since 
made his home. He and family are connected with the Lutheran Church, and he numbers 
among the enterprising and active farmers of Darby Township. 

Si^MUEL ROBINSON, farmer, P. 0. Plain City. This distinguished pioneer, whose por- 
trait appears in this volume, is a son of James and .Jane (Morrison) Robinson, of York County, 
Penn. He (James), with a brother Samuel, left their home in Pennsylvania and journeyed to 
Tennessee, to meet Lucas SuUivant, the original proprietor of a large tract of land, now embraced 
in the limits of Darby Township. Securing the company of Mr. SuUivant, the trio started on 
the journey to Union County, traveling six weeks through an unbroken wilderness, and never 
meeting the face of a white person. Reaching their destination in the spring of 1800, the 
brothex-s purchased 600 acres of land. Clearing a spot and planting the first crop, James re- 
turned to his native place where he was married in 1801, and returned in 1805 with his bride, 
to his cabin home in the wilderness. Here they Jived, rejoiced and sorrowed to the end of life's 
journey. They were the parents of eight children, four of whom are living to perpetuate their 
honored name. William, the eldest, is one of the oldest born and living pioneers of the county ; 
James, a resident of Jerome Township ; Samuel and Annie. The subject of this sketch was 
born on the homestead farm in Darby Township, November 18, 1814. He was married January 
19, 1841, to Miss Nancy, a daughter of James A. and Phebe Curry, and a sister of John Curry. 
She was a native of Jerome Township, Union County, where her birth occurred January 19, 
1822, and died April 10, 1865, the mother of eight children, six of whom are living — James I. ; 
Viana, wife of John McCulJough ; Eldridge, Otway C, Phebe and Addison. His second mar- 
riage to Miss Jennie Kincaid, a Virginian, occurred December 29, 1876. This union has been 
blest with three children, all of whom are growing into life amid the cultivated and productive 
scenes cleared by the hand of their forefathers. Their names are Josephine, Inez, and one not 
yet christened. Mr. R. settled on a farm of 317 acres, which his father subsequently jjurchased, 
where he has since made it his home. He is a man of quiet, unostentatious habits, fond of 
home, a good neighbor, an honored and esteemed citizen. 

S. D. ROBINSON, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center. This respected pioneer is a son of 
Samuel Robinson, a native of York County, Penn., who, migrating to the West, purchased 400 
acres of land on the plains of this township, and was one of the early pilgrims in th-^% county. 
In 1806, he located in Franklin County, Ohio, where he was married to Miss Martha Hunter. 
The first court of Franklin County was held at his home, where he became distinguished as an 
early settler. Returning to his estate in this county, he cleared the land, raised a family and 
died. He was an expert with the broad-ax, and with that instrument hewed out the coffin that 
contained the remains of Samuel McCuUough, who was the first person buried in Mitchell Cem- 
etery in this township in 1800. He was a good scholar, dignified in his appearance, and was 
the first to advocate the temperance cause, and organize the associate church, subsequently 
known as the United Presbyterian, in which he was an Elder for many years, and was a zeal- 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 255 

0U8 worker in religious exercises. The land of his adoption was purchased from the Virginia 
Military lands, a portion of which is occupied by his heirs. He raised a family of nine chil- 
dren, the eldest living of whom is Margaret, widow of Samuel McCullough, and was born in 
Franklinton, Franklin Co., Ohio, and at this time, 1882, is in the seventy-sixth year of her age. 
The subject of this sketch was born on the homestead farm in 1816. At the age of twenty-four 
years, he settled upon his present farm of 185 acres, where he has since constantly resided. He 
was united in marriage in Greene County, Ohio, to Miss Ann F., daughter of William Pollock, and 
a native of Ross County, Ohio. This union has produced six children, five of whom are living, 
viz.: John S., eldest son, enlisted in the Union army on the call for 75,000 troops, in the Thir- 
teenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served until the regiment was re-organized for three years' 
service, re-enlisting in the Eighty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and serving the three months 
call ; William P. enlisted in 1863, in Company B, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, serving six months, 
and re-enlisting in Company H, One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and 
served until the close of the war. He participated with the regiment in the battles of Atlanta, 
Buzzard's Roost, Resaca, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, .Jonesboro, and with Sherman 
on his memorable march to the sea, thence at Owensboro, Bentonville and through the grand re- 
view at Washington, and was mustered out at Camp Denison in July, 1865 ; Samuel F. married 
Miss Kate Cole, a native of England, resides in Greenfield, Iowa, where he has been en- 
gaged in the mercantile trade for the past two years, where he is well established and favorably 
known ; Mary R., wife of William Avis, of this county, and OUie, residing on the homestead. 
Mr. R. is one of our oldest citizens. He is an officer in the Presbyterian Church at Unionville 
Center, and is widely and favorably known. 

W. H. ROBINSON, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, a descendant of pioneer stock, and a 
son of Samuel, a native of York County, Penn., who migrating to the West, purchased 400 acres 
of land on the banks of the Big Darby. In 1806, he removed to Franklin County, where he was 
married to Miss Martha Hunter. Subsequently he returned to this county and settled on his 
purchase, where he reared a family and died. He was an expert with the broad ax, and hewed 
out the cofBn that contained the remains of Samuel McCullough, the first person buried in the 
Mitchel Cemetery in Darby Township. He was a good scholar and adherent of temperance, 
and one of the first organizers of the associate Presbyterian Church, and a man established in 
the hearts of all who knew him. The subject of this sketch was born on the homestead January 
14, 1822. His farm embraces 150 acres of the original farm. He was married in January, 
1850, in Jerome Township, to Miss'Elizabeth McCampbell, a sister of J. T. McCampbell, and a 
native of this county. Six children born to this union are all living, viz.: James C., Mary J , 
wife of W. McDowell ; Rosa, wife of John Robinson ; Elinor, Frank and Mertie. The family 
are connected with the United Presbyterian Church of Unionville, and among the oldest and 
respected families of the county. 

J. C. ROBINSON, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, is a son of George and Elizabeth (Clark- 
son) Robinson, both natives of Pennsylvania, where she died after raising a family of eight 
children, four of whom are living. He with his children came to the west in 1854, and settled 
on the Big Darby in this township, and was a resident of Darby until the close of his life in 1859. 
The subject of this sketch was born in York Township, Penn., in March, 1828. Farming has 
been his occupation through life, and by energy and perseverance has made success. He pur- 
chased thirty-six acres of his present farm at the close of the war, and with subsequent addi- 
tions now covers 135 acres upon which he has just completed and occupied a commodious and 
substantial residence. He served four months in the Union army during the rebellion, enlist- 
ing in the One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was married June 29, 
1858, to Miss Amelia, daughter of a pioneer family, of Darby Township. This union has been 
blest with two children, one of whom is living, Lula R. The family are connected with the 
Presbyterian Church at Milford Center. 

D. M. ROBINSON, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, was born September 1, 1823. He is a 
son of John W. and Elizabeth (Mitchell) Robinson, and a grandson of James Robinson, one of the 
early pioneer settlers of Union County. Our subject was raised to manhood in his native place, 
and educated in the common schools of the county. In October, 1853, he was married to Miss 
Mary J. Valentine, daughter of James Valentine, and a native of Athens County, Ohio. They 
were blessed with five children, viz., John W., married Rosa Robinson ; Algernon N. ; D. Elmer; 
F. Scott and Mattie (deceased). Mr. Robinson and family are associated with the Presbyterian 
Church of Milford Center, of which he is an Elder. Mr. Robinson is a man of enterprise, and 
has been chosen to various local offices of honor and trust. He served as Trustee of Darby 
Township a number of terms, and in politics is a Republican. 

BENJAMIN L. ROBINSON, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center. Tne subject of this sketch 
is a production of the third generation, the progenitors of whom have pioneered their settlement 
to their better and happier home. Alex, the grandparent, was among the first settlers to 
clear a spot, and erect a cabin in the limits of Union County. The exact time of his location is 
not definitely known. The parents of Benjamin, Alex, Jr., and Edith (Penrose) Robinson, were 
both natives of Union County, and were widely known and esteemed. Benjamin L., the young- 
est son, was born on the homestead in Darby Township, in 1859. He was married September 20, 



256 • HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

1881, to Miss Sarah, daughter of J. M. Andrews, of this township, of which she is a native. 
The following year he settled on his present home of eighteen acres, where he is industriously 
engaged. 

GEORGE 0. RUHL, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Darby Township, Union County, 
August 27, 1840, and is the youngest child of George and Annie E. (Cook) Ruhl, both natives of 
Germany, where they were married, and embarked to the United States in August, 1836. They 
located near Ilarrisburg, Penn., where they resided about three years, when they removed to this 
county, and settled in this township in 1839. He purchased land now occupied by George 
Mader's farm. He was a resident of this county during his life, and died November 7, 18S1, in 
the eighty-fourth year of his age. The widow and mother -yet survives with her children in 
Paris Township in the eightieth year of her age. They had born to them nine children, ftiur of 
whom are living in this county. The subject of this sketch was married, September 5, 18()7, to 
Miss Mary M., daughter of George Scheiderer. She is a native of this township and county. 
To this union seven children were born, five of whom are living, viz., .John S., Catherine, Fvuni- 
gunda, Mary and Lena. Mr. Ruhl has filled the office of Township Trustee for the past tliree 
years, and has been' one of the directors of the Lutheran Church, with which the family are 
connected. He purchased liis present farm in August, 1873, and settled on the same in the fall 
of the .same year. At that time the purchase was 121 acres, and he has since bought e-ghteen 
additional acres. This land is in a cultivated state, and very productive. Mr. Ruhl ranks as 
one of the enterprising and active farmers of tne county. 

MICHAEL SAGER, farmer, P. O. Unionville Center. The records of the Sager family go 
to show them to be of German descent. The grandparents, George and Elizabeth (Sheets) Sager, 
were nfltives of Loudoun County, Va., and settled on the homestead in Darby Township, near 
Unionville, in 1806. He was a pioneer physician of the early times, and was widely and favor- 
ably known. He raised a family of ten children, eight sons and two daughters. The subject of 
this sketch, whose portrait appears in this volume, was born on the homestead farm in 1817. 
His parents, Samuel and Elizabeth (Sandbower) Sager, were both natives of Virginia. Of the 
children born to this union, there are living, viz., Ann, wife of J. M. Andrews; Michael, and 
Sarah, wife of Gregory Hawley. Mr. Sager was married in 1840 to ^liss Mariet, daughter of 
Squire Deland, and a native of Vermont. This union has produced five children, but one of 
whom survives, viz., Harriet D., wife of W. F. H. Pennington, who resides on the homestead 
farm, at this time consisting of 200 acres. Two sons, George M. and Edwin, gave their sei vice 
and their livf s to their country's flag, in the ranks of the Union army during the late rebellion. 
George M. enlisted in the three-years call, August 11, 1861, in Company D, Fortieth Ohio Vol- 
unteer Infantry, and had nearly served his time when, in an engagement near Kenesaw Mount- 
ain, Ga., he was shot through the right lung and shoulder-blade, and instantly killed. Edwin 
enlisted August 16, 1862, in Company I, One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer In- 
fantry, and was shot through the right lung on the field of Chickamauga. September 20, 1863. 
He so far recovered as to rejoin the comi.and, and received a fatal shot at Kenesaw Mountain, 
from which he died. They were both buried on the field of battle, but afterward recovered and 
conveyed to their birthplace for interment. Mr. Sager is a descendant of one of Union's earliest 
settled families, and numbers among those of the oldest born pioneers. He is a member of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church, and is liighly esteemed by all who know him. 

JOHN M. SCHEIDERER, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Bavaria, Germany, Decem- 
ber 24, 1814. His parents, .lohn and Elizabeth Scheiderer, were also natives of Bavaria. Our 
sutiject is the oldest of seven children. In 1830, he came to America, and spent seven ,> ears 
working near Columbus, Ohio, at a salary of $12 per month. At the eud of this time, he had 
saved $600, and in 1843 purchased seventy acres in Darby Township, for which he paid $4 an 
acre. His purchase was located in woods, and he had to clear a site for a house, which he 
erected of logs. In 1865, he built a brick residence at a cost of $1,000. His farm now contains 
175 acres, and is well improved. At one time he owned over 800 acres in Darby Township, 
which he divided among his children, leaving him a homestead of 175 acres. He was married 
April 1, 1843, to Eva Schroll, a daughter of Milford Schroll, who was born in Bivaria December 
18, 1818. Of ten children born to them, eight are living, viz.: Casper G., .John P., Peter, Mag- 
dalena, wife of George Reuner ; Christopher; Barbara, wife of J. G. Nicol ; John G. and George 
P. George and .John IM. are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Scheiderer are members of the Lutheran 
Church. .Mr. S. is a Democrat. He was Trustee of Darby Township six years. 

JOHN P. SCHIDERER, farmer, P. 0. Marysville. was born in Darby Township, Union 
County, in 1845, and is the second son of John M. and Eva (Schroll) Schiderer. They were 
married at Columbus, Ohio. He emigrated to the United States at an early day, and after stop- 
ping in Columbus two years, selected his home in this township, where he yet resides. The sub- 
ject of this sketch was married May 4, 1871, to Miss Elizabeth Mader, daughter of George Mader, 
of this county. She is a native of this county. To this union five children were born, tliree boys 
and two girls, of whom four are living, two boys and two girls, viz.: .\ndrew, Casper, Barbara 
and Mary. He and his family are connected with the Lutheran Church of this township. He 
moved upon his pre.sent estate in 1871, after marriage, which he purchased of his father, consist- 
ing of 1j6; acres, which is among the most improved and valuable laud of this township. 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 257 

PETER SCHEIDERER, farmer, P. 0. iMarysville, was born on the old homestead in Darby 
Township in 1847. He is third son of John M. ana Eva (Schroll) Scheiderer. His early life 
was passed on the farm. September 7, 1873, he was married to Miss Mary Hupman, a native 
of Germany ; of five children born to them four are living — Lacarias. Elizabeth, Christopher 
and Magdalene. The same year of his marriage, Mr. Scheiderer settled on his present farm 
consisting of 149 acres. He also owns sixty-three acres adjoining; he and family are members 
of the Lutheran Church. 

JAMES S. SMITH, farmer, P. 0. Plain City. The paternal grandparents of the subject 
of this sketch were Samuel Smith and Sally Bailey, his wife. Samuel Smith was a son of James 
Smith and a native of Massachusetts. He was a member of the Methodist denomination, but 
after coming to Ohio, devoted his time largely to farming. During the Pievolutionary war, he 
was a Sergeant, and for three months was engaged in guarding the Hessians; he w;is also en- 
gaged for six months on Long Island, and at one lime, during the latter term of service, being 
detailed to watch the enemy from the top of a breastwork then being erected, he had 300 shot 
and shell fired at him by the red coats. He was the father of nine children, one of whom died 
at their home ia Vermont. In 1817, he came to the West and located on 637 acres of lanii in 
Darby Township, Madison County, which he purchased at $2 per acre. He brought with him 
seven children, three sons and four daughters, his eldest son having preceded him to the West. 
He afterward disposed of 237 acres of his land, retaining 400 acres, on which he continueil to 
live. His wife was a daughter of Joshua Bailey and Elizabeth Chase, his wife. James Smith, 
the father of our subject and a son of the above, was born in the woods at Berlin, Vt., Septem- 
ber 23, 1 793, and received very little schooling, by walking a mile through the woods to a school, 
then being taught by a woman, in a barn. At twenty years of age he came to Ohio with his 
father, but afterward returned to Vermont, and in 1820 married Lucy K. Jones, a native of 
that State, with whom he returned to his Ohio home. He had two children — Ira B., who died 
at the age of twenty-two years, and James S. In 1822 or 1823, he joined his brother John in 
the purchase of 200 acres of land, for which they paid $300. They continued together in their 
operations until they had 1,400 acres, and in 18-30 they divided their property, each taking half 
in value. James chose, the west half, and continued in possession of it until February, 1881. 
In 1874, he discovered a failing in his sight, caused by the growth of a citaract over the right 
eye, which in time atfected the other eye, and has resulted in almost total blindness. He makes 
his residence with his son, and now in the declining years of his life is tenderly cared for by 
the latter and his family. James S. Smith, whose name heads this sketch, was born at the old 
homestead in Darby Township, Madison County, August 9, 1823, and in 1850 came to his pres- 
ent place of residence. He owns 1,100 acres of land, part in Darby Township, Union County, 
and part in Darby Township, Madison County. On September 8, 1853. he married Miss Amanda 
Perry, a daughter of James and Susan (Lawrence) Perry, natives of Massachusetts, of English 
descent; stie was born at Plainfield, Vt., March 3, 1835. To this union four children have 
been born — Adeline T., born October 21, 1854; .\rchibald E., born January 11, 1859 ; Elmer 
Lawrerce, born January 29, IBGl, and died June 19, 1874, from injuries received by a kick of a 
horse, and Merton A., born July 5, 1866. The surviving children reside at the house of their 
parents. In 1862, Mr. Smith left his farm and took up his residence in Urbana, where he re- 
mained until 1867, when he returned to this farm, and has remained on it constantly sin,ce. 

E. C. SMITH, Jr., farmer, P. 0. Plain City, is a son of Eleazer C. and Irena (Doty) Smith, 
who came West in 1832, and purchased 167 acres of land on which he died in 1866; his wife 
departed this life in 1848. Twelve children were born to them, seven of whom are living. The 
subject of this sketch was born in East Monipelier, Vt.. in 1826. He was married February 
12, 1850, to Catherine A. Stephens, who has borne him four children, two of whom are living — 
Charles C. and John E. D. Mr. S. owns 220 acres of valuable land ; he has held the office of 
Township Trustee twelve years, and takes an active interest in public affairs; he is a member 
of the Methodist Church, and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. 

CONRAD STEEGE, Jr., Principal of the Lutheran School, Marysville, wasborn in Hesse, now 
the Province of the Prussian Kingdom, in 1812, and is the oldest son of Conrad an I Mary 
(Knake) Steege, natives of ihe same province, who with four children embarked to the United 
States in 1856, and landed at New York in October of the same year. He was a tailor by trade, 
and located in the German seitlemeut called Chamburgh, in Coolc County, where he remained 
through the winter, and in the tpriug moved to Will County, 111., aad continued at h s trade, 
where he is yet residing with the tour children born in his native country. Two children 
have been born since hi-, settlement in the United States. The subject of this sketch was edu- 
cated in the semiuary at Addison Du Page Cou ity, 111., where he graduated in 1871. The 
tame year he came to this county, in answer to a call from the German settlement in Darby 
Township, and was instituted teacher of the German Lutheran Schuol on the 29th of Ju y, of 
the same year, where he has since been engaged. .Mr. S. worked at farming in the early ^ears 
of his life until seventeen or eighteen years of ;.ge, when he engaged as clerk and salesman 
until he entered the service of the Union army in September, 1864, in Company A, Twentieth 
Illinois Volunteer Infantry He enlisted as h, private, but was elected Sergeant before going to 
the field. He served through to the close of the war in that office, and whs mustered out at 



258 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Chicago in July, 1865. Tlie regimeut vfks sent to Camp Butler, at Springfield, 111., and re- 
mained until March, when they were despatched to North Carolina, where they arrived soon 
after Sherman's battle at Goldsboro ; thence to Raleigh, N.C., on to Richmond and Washington, 
and through the grand review. Returning to peaceful pursuits, he assumed his former occu- 
pation as salesman with Brown Brothers, at Crete, until his entry at school in 1868. He was 
united in marriage November 9, 1866, to Miss Mina, daughter of Joachim Becker. She was 
born in Pommern Province of Prusssia, and emigrated to this country with her parents in 1862. 
To this union eight children have been born, of whom are living — Emma. Martin, Edward, 
Louis, Emanuel, Bertha and Clara. He is organist in the Lutheran Church, with which his fam- 
ily are all connected. His father who had but the measure of energy and perseverance of his 
people, has, with economy and industry, gained a successful footing, and ha<! become a cloth- 
ing merchant, in Crete, III., where he has been in the business cii-cles sioce 1867. At that time 
he erected a small building for a store, which was the foundation for successful years of busi- 
ness to this time. His wife died in 1853, and lie was again married to Miss Mary Bode. By 
this union he has two living children. 

GEORGE STEVENS, farmer, P. 0. Plain City. The progenitors of the Stevens family were 
of English stock. The fii'st of the name in the United States, was Prince Stevens, the grand- 
parent, who made a permanent settlement in the Green Mountains of Vermont, where he died. 
The maternal head, Joshua Lawrence, was English born, and served under Washington in the 
Revolutionary war. Charles Stevens, the father of George, was a native of Vermont, and his 
wife, Hannah Lawrence, was born in Massachusetts. They subsequently moved to East Mont- 
pelier, Vt., where they both died. The subject of this sketch, whose portrait appears in this 
work, was born in Plainfield, Vt., in 1811. He was married at East Montpelier, Vt., to Miss 
^Caira Edwards, who died with her first-born child, and both were laid at rest in one grave. In 
1835, Mr. S. came to Union County, after laboring at the shoe bench some years, had by close, 
economy, saved a small sum of money. In looking over the wooded scenery of Union County, 
be resolved to invest his last dollar, and accordingly invested bis entire capital, $47 in cash, for 
twenty acres of his present farm. Here lie cleared a spot, built his cabin, and went to work, 
binding his energies and his time in founding a home. By hard labor, economy and persever- 
ence, he was soon enabled to make additions to his little home, and long ere the hand of time 
had silvered his hair with its threescore ami ten, the rude cabin had given place to a commo- 
dious farmhouse, from which the eye could trace the boundaries of 7(") acres of land com- 
posed of the rich and productive soil of Darby plains. This accumulati-'n has been secured 
through hardship, and the privations incident to pioneer life. He subsequently contracted and 
graied a portion of the Pan Handle Railroad, and for a number of years has dealt largely in 
stock. His second marriage occurred January 3, 1837, to Miss Emily, daughter of E. C. Smith, 
and a native of Plainfield, Vt. Of the children born to this union, two are living, viz.: George 
W., who married Miss Nancy Ketch, by whom he has three children, viz.: Fanny, Harry and 
Ebbin E. ; .Mary E., wife of P. B. Ferris, presents one grandchild (Flora E.) to the joy and 
comfort of the household. The family are connected with the Church Universal of Plain City. 
Since the compilation of this sketch, we learn with sorrow of the death of George Stevens, Feb- 
ruary 18, 1883. 

J. F. WOODS, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center. John Power Woods, the father of Joseph F. 
Woods, was born in Rostraver, Westmoreland Co., Penn., in the year 180G, and within two years 
after his birth, his father, Piev. Samuel Woods, and his mother, moved out to Union County, in 
the State of Ohio. In a short time after they moved here, he was ordained and installed the 
first Presbyterian pastor of what was then called Upper Liberty Church, or cangreg^iiion, which 
ha I then been recently organized. Upper Liberty Church was located about two miles below 
Milford Center, on the waters of Big Darby Creek. Lower Liberty Church w^,3 situated twelve 
miles helow Milford, on the Columbus road, on the waters of the same creek. He preacbed in 
tho-<e two congregations from the time of his installment until his death, which took place in 
the year 1815, when he was in his thirty-fifth or thirty-sixth year. He was much respected and 
esteemed as a pastor and in every w»y by his congregations and by all his hearers and members 
in his churches ; had much influence in building up and helping t» en'arsre churches during the 
brief period of his pastorate. He graduited in Dickenson College, Pennsylvania, and was thor- 
oughly educated for the ministry. He left a widow and five sm ill children, four sons and one 
daughter, John Power, Eliza, Samuel, James F. and William W. The eldest was in his ninth 
year, and youngest was about one year old. The mother, M'lrgaret Woods, brought up, raised 
and provided for these children principally by her own well-directed and wisely shaped indus- 
try and economy Her money income (if it may so be called) for the first ten or twelve 
years thereafter, was obtained by the re-iults arising from the skillful and ingenious use and ap- 
plication of her needle. Many wedding suits were made by her during this period of her life, 
and paid to be in the latest, and neatest style and of the best of fits. The marriage suit of a 
learned Presbyterian Clergyman's son, the father of an ex Congressman from Union (Jounty, 
was of her make and finish. She was young, healthy and handsome, educited, fluent, easy and 
interesting in conversation. She instructed in the kitchen, and wai not ashamed to put her 
hands to the help and the work therein. She was a lady to entertain in the parlor, would often 






m 



.^\ 




( 



James Smith 



DARBY TOWNSHIP. 261 

drop her needle and as often go from kitchen to parlor to entertain neighbors, strangers, doctors 
and lawyers, many clergymen and some divines from Scotland. She taught her children by 
way of parables, to make their own shoes, and to stand in their own boots and not in those of any 
other person. None of these five children are now living but James F., who now resides in 
Greensburg, Westmoreland Co., Penn. Her father was Col. John Power, of Rostraver, West- 
moreland Co., Penn., an intelligent farmer, and a man of much moral force and worth. Her 
mother was a daughter of Rev. James Finley, D. D., who was her grandfather and about the first 
Presbyterian who preached west of the Alleghany Mountains. He and his brother, Samuel 
Finley, were both graduates of Princeton College, New Jersey, and both were thoroughly edu- 
cated and learned for Presbyterian ministers, and became in early life influential Doctors of 
Divinity and distinguished theologians. Samuel was President of Princeton College some time 
before his death. Samuel Woods, the grandfather of these five small children aforementioned, 
came to this country at an early day, and first settled in Lancaster County, Penn., but in a short 
time thereafter, moved to Cumberland County, near Carlisle, Penn., and there educated his 
family. He was an intelligent and energetic farmer, and was a man noted for his moral worth. 
Two of his sons, William and Samuel, were graduates of Dickenson College, Pennsylvania, and 
educated especially for Presbyterian ministers, and became pastors in that church, of influence. 
William settled in Western Pennsylvania, and was installed pastor at an early day in Bethel 
Church, near Pittsburgh, and continued pastor in the same church and congregation for many 
years, from the time of his installment up to the time of his deitb. Simuel went West to Union 
County in the State of Ohio, as before stated. The three ancestoral families or first stock of the 
Woods family and Power family were as much respected and as well educated and as noted and 
distinguished Presbyterians as any other three families in this county at that period. Their 
descendants are now dispersed in divers locations through the Eastern, Middle, Western and 
Southern States. Among them are doctors, lawyers. Judges of courts, clergymen, teachers in 
institutions of learning. Presidents of colleges and seminaries, and Doctors of Divinity. The 
history of the first named ancestors, together with some of their descendants, anything like in 
full, when put on paper, would require volumes. J. F. Woods, a son of John P. and Jane (Fin- 
ley) Woods, and a grandson of Rev. Samuel Woods, was born in Union Township May 28, 1837; 
his grandfiither. Rev. Samuel Woods, came to the West in 1807, and settled on the banks of the 
Big Darby, where he purchased 400 acres of land, which he cleared and on which he died. John 
P. Woods raised a family of five children, and selected a house near the old homestead, where 
he died March 6, 1851. His estimable wife who survives, is in the seventy-second year of her 
age. They were life-long members of the Presbyterian Church, and were highly respected. 
The subject of this sketch enlisted in 1861, in Company D, Fortieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 
as Sergeant in the three years call, and participated in the battles of Mid Creek, Chickamauga 
and Lookout Mountain, where he was placed on detailed service, and served to the close of his 
term. He was married in 1867, to Miss Bell, daughter of Henry Martin, a pioneer of Darby 
Township. Tbis union has been blest with three children, two of whom are liviog, viz.: Nellie 
and Carrie. Mr. Woods settled in 1874 on his present farm of 104 acres, which is among the 
most valuable and productive farms of the county. 

GEORGE WOLF, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born near Strasburg, Germany, in 1810, 
and in 1837 embarked to the United States and landed at New York. He was a cooper by 
trade, and learned his trade in his native county. He located at Albany, N. Y., working at his 
trade one yeir, when he moved to Amsterdam, N. Y., and followed his trade in that State six 
or seven years. In 1845, he came to this county and worked at his trade in various places. 
He purchased fifty acres of his present farm in 1847, the year of his marriage, and settled on 
the same the following year. His wife's maiden name was Barbara Dellinger. a daughter of 
Leonard Dellinger. This union has been blest with three children, two of whom are living. 
The oldest, Conrad, married Amy MacKanada, in 1876, and has three children living — 
Anna, George J. and Lena. Mr. W. has made srubsequent purchases, until his farm reached 
266 acres ; sixty-six acres of this land he disposed of to his oldest son, who resides with him. 
He and his family are connected with the Lutheran Church, and he numbers among the enter- 
prising farmers of the county. 

WILLIAM H. WOLFORD, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center. The Wolford family are 
among the distinguished and respected pioneers of Union County, the history of whom is found 
in this work. The subject of this sketch was born in Marysville, Union County, Ohio, January 
3, 1835, and is a son of Adam and Catharine Wolford. He is a cabinet-maker by profession, 
which he followed until he occupied his present estate in 1864, consisting of 164 acres, at this 
time valued at $50 per acre. His marriage to Miss Fidelia Lombard, a native of Windsor 
County, Vt., occurred in 1860. One child, Albertie, is the only living issue of this union-. 
The family are among the oldest and esteemed connections of the county. 

E. YOUNG, farmer, P. 0. Unionville Center, was born in Logan County, Ohio, in 1834, 
and is a son of Alexander and Margaret Young. He was a native of Kentucky, and died in 
Illinois when our subject was ten years old. The subject of this sketch enlisted in August, 
1861, in Company K, First Ohio Cavair/, in which he served seventeen months, and was taken 
prisoner October 1, 1803; he was confined in the prisons at Richmond and Danville, Va., An- 



262 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

dersonville, Ga., Charlotte and Florence, S. C. He has the original document — parole of honor 
signed by J. C. Iverson, Commandant, at the Florence prison — dated December 24, 1864. In 
1866, he was married to Harriet L., daughter of John and Fanny Holycross, who has borne 
him five children, four of whom are living, viz.: Lillie M., Mattie B., Sidney G. and Hadley 
C. Mr. Y. owns a farm of eighty-five acres. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Re- 
public, and poliiically is a Republican. 



CHAPTER IV. 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 

JEROME TOWNSHIP occupies the southeastern corner of- Union County. 
It is bounded on the east by Delaware and Franklin Counties, on the south 
by Franklin and Madison: Darby Township bounds it on the west, and Mill 
Creek on the north. 

Big Darby Creek, its principal stream, crosses the southwest corner. 
Sugar Run flows southward through the central portion, and farther east 
several small streams take their origin and flow into Delaware and Franklin 
Counties. The surface is level, or slightly I'olling. The valley of Big Darby 
is narrow, and the soil of it is a rich, black loam. Back of this a ridge of 
land rises, having a width of perhaps one-half mile, the soil of which is some- 
what gravelly. A fertile black soil is found beyond this, covering much of 
the southern portion of the township. Farther to the north, clay predomi- 
nates. In early times, the entire surface was densely forested, and much tim- 
ber that would now possess great value, including black walnut and cherry, 
was felled and burned in large heaps, to make way for crops of corn and grass. 
Hickory, oak, walnut, elm, beech and swamp ash were the prevalent types of 
timber. 

The township was organized March 12, 1821. As originally constituted, 
its bounds were as follows: Beginning at the northeast corner of Darby 
Township, thence east to the east line of Union County; all south to be known 
by. the name of Jerome. 

The first election was held May 10, 1821, for the selection of a Justice of 
the Peace. Clark Provin received the entire fifteen votes cast. James Ewing, 
who was then Sheriff of the county, Frederick Sager and Simeon Hager were 
the Judges of this election. John Taylor and John McCune were the Clerks. 

A few traces of the pre-historic race still remain, but they are becoming 
fainter every year. In the valley of Big Darby are two small mounds, both of 
which are sepulchral. One of them is on Zachariah Noteman's farm, north of 
his residence. It is about thirty feet in diameter, and by repeated plowings 
has been greatly reduced in height. A few years ago, it was excavated. Two 
kinds of earth were observed, and ashes and charcoal were found. Six or 
seven human skeletons were exhumed, one of which was of remarkable size. 
The other mound is farther up the stream, north of it, on the old Ewing farm, 
situated probably twenty rods from the creek. It, too, was excavated spme 
time since, and human bones were discovered. 

Human skeletons have been found in many of the gravel beds that abound 
along the streams of the township. They are supposed to have been the re- 
mains of the Indians who frequented the country. It was not uncommon for 
the earliest pioneers to find silver bx-ooches. They were of various sizes, 
either round or heart shaped, and had evidently been worn by the Indians. 
Some were several inches in diameter, and handsomely wrought, but they have 
all been carried away by the curiosity seeker. Flints, stone weapons and the 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 263 

badges of the Mound-Builders, have frequently been found in some localities. 
The collection of Mr. John Curry is, perhaps, the largest in the county. 

When the first settlers invaded the wild precincts of Jerome, they came 
to the heart of a favorite Indian hunting ground. On the north, south, east 
and west were yet to be seen the rude wigwams of the dusky race that there- 
tofore had held undisputed possession of this game-abounding country. Their 
numbers, for many years, greatly exceeded that of the whites, and their pres- 
ence was at least novel to the settlers, if not dread- inspiring. Many of the 
young children of the first comers could not conquer a shrinking horror in 
their sight, for the Indian name was to them, by oft-repeated tales, too intimate- 
ly associated with dreadful massacres to permit them to overcome their fear 
of them. The Indians, observing this, would delight in brandishing their 
knives and frightening the boys and girls, who would always run in terror 
from them. The principal haunt of the red men, before they were disturbed 
by the pioneers, was on the banks of Big Darby, just northwest from Plain City. 
They dwelt here in considerable numbers about the year 1800, in wigwams built 
of bark and covered with brush. Their chief subsistence was game, although 
the squaws cultivated small patches of corn. This latter commodity, however, 
when desired by the Indians, after the advent of the pioneers, was usually ob- 
tained by begging, or in exchange for products of the chase. On the old 
Kent farm, on Sugar Run, was a sugar camp, where the Indians for many years 
engaged in the manufacture of delicious glucose for their own consumption. 
They hacked the frees with their tomahawks and inserted split spiles, caught 
the flowing sap in hewed oiit troughs and boiled it down in kettles of iron or 
copper. On the Abner Chapman place, in Survey 5,166, was a usual place for 
encampment of the Indians. Parties from Chillicothe were wont to meet them 
here, and barter for large quantities of raccoon skins and furs. 

Not many years after the Ewings arrived, and before the war of 1812 
coramenced, " Bill " Taylor, the son of Isaac Taylor, who settled on Darby, 
near the northern limits of Madison County rushed to his father's cabin one 
day, and, with a frightened look, related that he had overheard an Indian con- 
versation near the creek, in which it was said that the Indians were to fall 
upon the white settlers that night and exterminate them, if possible. The 
news, as it was conveyed from cabin to cabin, created the utmost consternation. 
Only a few families had yet settled on Darby, and the Indians greatly out- 
numbered them. It was agreed that all the settlers should congregate that 
night, with their families, at the cabin of Daniel Taylor, on the south bank of 
Darby, in Jerome Township, as his cabin was the largest and best adapted to 
repel invasion. As nightfall approached, the Ewings, Careys, Taylors and 
other families hurried to the rendezvous, and preparations for defense were 
made. The doors were barred, and cleats nailed at the sides and top. All 
night long the men watched and waited, guns in hand. The house was 
crowded with women and children, but fear drove sleep from their aching eyes. 
Morning came, but the threatened attack was not made. Thinking that the 
Indians had feared to attack the improvised fort, so strongly guaded, the set- 
tlers dared not remain at home the following night, but again assembled, and 
spent the weary hours in dreadful suspense and anticipati(>n of attack, but all 
was quiet, and nowhere were there any indications of Indians in the vicinity. 
Doubts of the correctness of the rumor then began to be entertained, and Bill 
Taylor was closely interrogated concerning the alleged conversation he had 
overheard. The cross examination was too rigid for him, and he finally con- 
fessed it was all a hoax. He had seen no Indians. The more than ordinary 
depravity of his composition had suggested to him the story. 

Amicable relations were generally maintained with the Indians, who sel- 



264 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

dom gave cause for difficulties. These, however, would occasionally occur. 
Daniel Taylor, who was one of the foremost pioneers, brought with him a mare 
and colt. A party of Indians were once visiting at his house, and one of them 
espied and greatly admired the mare; he wished to buy her, but Taylor was 
unwilling to make the sale, as it would break his team, and another horse 
could not be procured nearer than Chillicothe. Jonathan Alder, who was pres- 
ent, and observed the Indian's eagerness, advised Mr. Taylor to sell "the 
critter," but this he would not consent to do. Not many days later the horse 
was stolen and never recovered, and the trip to Chillicothe Mr. Taylor was 
obliged to make. 

James Ewing brought the first sheep to this county. He kept them con- 
fined within a high inclosure, through fear of the wolves. Several Indians, 
who had been hunting, called at his cabin soon after. Their dogs jumped 
over the fence and attacked the sheep. Mr. Ewing, in his anger, seized his rifle 
and shot one of the dogs. This act enraged the Indians, and a breach of the 
friendship between them and Mr. Ewing was imminent. Jonathan Alder was 
present, and interposed. His efibrts at peace-making at length restored good 
feeling. 

Dm-ing the war of 1812, there were several rumors of threatened Indian 
descents on the Darby settlements, but all proved unfounded. At " the falls" 
of Sugar Run, two Indian hunting parties, during the hostilities, were to meet 
by agreement. One of them arrived, and after waiting for the other some 
time, a member of the party discovered, cut in the bark of a beech tree, the 
picture of a horse, a gvin and a symbol indicating direction. The interpreta- 
tion of this, to the Indian mind, was that the other party had stolen a horse 
and were pursued, the direction they had gone being indicated. They waited 
no longer, but at once took sudden departure. 

Indians were not the only objects of apprehension to the pioneers. 
Panthers and other wild and dangerous animals frequented the forests, and 
the only safeguard against them was a trusty rifle. Samuel Taylor, the son of 
Daniel Taylor, was coming home one evening, down the Darby from the Mitch- 
ell settlement, on horseback, when he saw a coon run up a tree. He climbed 
the tree and dispatched the coon with a club, then mounted his horse with his 
game and again proceeded homeward. His horse was very restive, and to as- 
certain the cause the boy looked around. He saw a large panther, which 
sprang out into the path behind him just as he started. The boy lost no time 
in reaching his father's cabin, for the panther kept even pace behind him all 
the way. Mrs Elizabeth Ewing, the wife of Joshiia Ewing, one day visited 
Mrs. Elizabeth Taylor, who lived below Amity. On her return she carried in 
her arms the infant daughter of Mrs. Taylor, of w^hich she w^as very fond, in- 
tending to return w^ith it the next day. After going some distance, she was 
startled to see a large panther crouching in the path, a short distance ahead of 
her. She was greatly frightened, and stopped, but looked the animal steadily 
in the eyes for a few minutes. It then arose and entered the bushes on one 
side. She proceeded, and reached home in safety. Though often encoun- 
tered in this way, it is not known that any one was attacked by these wild 
denizens of the wilderness. 

It was only a short time after the first settlers came that the woods were 
tilled with wild hogs. Most of the early settlers brought a few hogs with 
them, and as the mast of the forest was amply sufficient for their sustenance, 
they were allowed to run at large. Each settler branded his hogs with a pri- 
vate ear mark, and could thus identify his own property. Many of these 
swine were lost; they multiplied rapidly, and a breed of wild, vicious hogs 
was the result. They would attack dogs, and sometimes men, when the 
branches of a tree would be the onlv retreat. 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 265 

For many years it was customary for the settlers to allow their bogs to 
run at large during the fall, and when winter approached it was often extreme- 
ly difficult to get them back within inclosures. Good hog-drivers were in 
great demand,' and received high wages. The unruly animals were usually 
driven in large droves by men on horseback, assisted by dogs, into an inclosed 
tield, where they were assorted and their ownership determined by the ear 
marks. Sometimes wide circuits, miles in extent, must be made before they 
could be secured. Those belonging to widows were always brought in free by 
the neighbors. 

Wolves were plenty at first, but the bounty of $4 a scalp paid by the 
county made them much sought after by hunters, and the forests were cleared 
of them before other large game disappeared. 

Near the present residence of John Curry, on Sugar Run, Survey 5,132, 
was a " deer lick," where in early times many deer were killed. The spring 
is sulphury, and at night the deer would frequent the place. A chair was 
fastened in the branches of a tree, which commanded a view of the path lead- 
ing to the spring, and in this chair the hunter would sit and await the ap- 
proach of his game. Although it was so dark that he could scarcely discern 
the outlines of the deer, he rarely failed in bringing it down. Cattle and 
horses still drink the water of this spring with great avidity. In its vicinity 
Mr. Curry has found almost an innumerable number of flint arrows and stone 
axes, indicating that the red men, too, were wont to hunt on this spot. 

JONATHAN ALDEK. 

In a previous chapter of this volume are given the outlines of the life of 
Jonathan Alder, whose history is closely linked with each of the two races of 
pioneer times. When he was captured by the Indians, he believed his life was 
spared because his hair was dark, and because he smiled at the savage who had 
raised his tomahawk to kill him. He saw his little bright-haired brother slain 
and believed all the family except himself had been killed. He lived within 
the bounds of Jerome Township at the time he abandoned his Indian life and 
returned to his home. With other Indian braves, he dwelt on the west banks 
of Big Darby just above Plain City. His cabin stood on the high bank above 
the grist mill, and only a few rods from the present residence of George At- 
kins. When he came to this place is unknown, but he was living there with 
his squaw wife when the first settlers arrived. Until 1795, when the Indian 
treaty restored peace, he was engaged with his Indian comrades in various dep- 
redations and hostile excursions and it was probably very soon after this that 
he settled on Darby. As the pioneers arrived, he mingled with them and re- 
learned the English language, which he had almost forgotten. His squaw 
cultivated a little patch of corn in the bottoms and Jonathan dealt to some ex- 
tent in stock. The land he occupied belonged to the tract Daniel Taylor had 
purchased, and, when the latter arrived about 1803, Jonathan kindly surren- 
dered to him the cabin he had built and occupied, and with his squaw built 
and removed to a bark hut close by. His association with white men created 
a strong desire to follow their habits and abandon his Indian life. His squaw 
still clung bo Indian ways and their diverging tastes became more and more 
marked. Jonat.han no longer went with his Indian brethren on their "big' 
hunts. " From a settler, he received the information that his mother was still liv- 
ing, and he resolved to return to her. Richard Taylor made him a suit of 
clothes which he donned in place of his Indian garments. He told his sqaaw 
his intention and they divided their effects. The wild life he had led had not 
wholly obliterated the instincts to accumulate, for he had saved a fesv hundred 
silver dollars, and had besides a number of ponies. The former he gave his 



266 HISTORY OF UNl'oN COUNTY. 

wife after some parleying and also equally divided the latter with her. He 
bade her adieu; she went northward to her own people and he tui'ned his face 
toward Virginia, the State of his birth and boyhood. This was in 1805, and 
his departure terminated his connection with Jerome Township. He found 
his relatives in Virginia, there married Mary Blont and returned with her to 
Ohio, settling in Madison County. By this marriage he had twelve children. 
He lived, died and was buried in Madison County. His tombstone bears this 
inscription: "Jonathan Alder, born September 37, 1773. Taken by the In- 
dians 1781. Returned to his mother in 1805. Died January 30, 1849, aged 
about 76 years." 

His squaw wife had separated from him unwillingly, for in spite of his 
proclivities for the fashions of the pale face, she was deeply attached to him. 
It is said she had threatened to bill his wife should he ever marry again, and 
that he feared her on this account. For some time after his return, he would 
not permit his wife to remain alone in their cabin. When he went to the fields 
to work, she must accom])any him. On their return one day from a trading 
expedition to a neighboring town, they found the tin ware bent and cut. the 
iron ware broken in pieces by an ax and Mrs. Alder's dresses slashed and cut 
in shreds. Though the squaw was not seen, the mischief was attributed to her 
hands. Mr. Alder's long life with the red men had bred in him Indian traits 
and manners, which clung to him throiigh life. Though he possessed good 
business talent, he disliked hard work, and confined his farm labors principally 
to stock-raising. He was dark hued and bore some resemblance to the Indian 
race. He was a large, tall man and could move about almost noiselessly. 
While living in Jerome Township, he was the friend of the white men, and 
whenever occasion offered acted as peacemaker between them and the Indians 
Mr. Adler related the following hunting incident, which occurred while camp- 
ing on Darby, in Jerome Township: "One day about noon I saw a large bear 
in the top of a big, white oak tree, picking off and eating acorns. I sat down 
on the ground about 100 yards off to watch its motions. I did not wish to kill 
it, as bears were not yet fat, and fur was not yet good, or rather not of full 
growth. I sat there amusing myself with its motions for some time. It was 
really funny to see it get about in the very top branches, while the whole tree 
shook with its enormous weight at every motion. All at once it ceased to 
gather in the branches and slid down and commenced picking the acorns that had 
fallen to the ground. In a few moments, without the least warning, it started 
in the direction I was, as rapidly as it could pace. I had my gun resting in 
my lap and saw it would run right over me. I had no time to get up and get 
out of its way, so I raised my gnu and fired as soon as possible, when it was 
within a few yards of me. I shot it through the brain and it fell right across 
my lap. I was badly scared, for I did not know that I had killed it. I kicked 
and struggled to get from beneath it, but it was so heavy that it took some 
time before I could get out. I had shot it so dead that it never kicked, 
but laid like a log upon me, all of which, had I not been so frightened, I might 
have observed. When I finally got out, I was so much exhausted fi-om the 
fright and effort I could hardly stand." 

EARLY SETTLEMENTS. 

To Joshua and James Ewing, two brothers, belong the honor of making 
the first settlement in what is now Union County and in Jerome Township. 
Accounts all agree that they settled permanently on Big Darby in the year 
1798, but it is also said that two or three years prior to this date, these two 
young men, then both iinmarried, had been West, probably in the Indian serv- 
ice, and having determined on settling in this wild and unoccupied country, 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 267 

cast their eyes about for a favorable location. They traveled with one horse 
and a small, two-wheeled cart, cutting their way through the tangled brush- 
wood and sleeping in a tent, which they carried with them. They encamped 
on a spot in southoastern Jerome, which afterward became the James Ewing 
homestead, there cleared a small patch of ground and planted it in corn, 
chopping holes in the ground with an ax and then covering the hill with the 
fork of a stick. Peace with the Indians had just been declared, and the smoke 
of war had scarcely yet risen from the land. Surrounded on all sides by the 
Indians, who had scarcely yet washed the war-paint from their faces, the 
youthful adventurers felt the solitude and dangers of their position, and with- 
out waiting for their little patch of corn to ripen, they packed their few goods 
and turned their faces eastward, concluding to wait several years before re- 
turning. The two boys were the sons of Mascol Ewing, whose home was in 
New Jersey. They were cousins to Gen. Thomas Ewing, formerly of Lancps- 
ter, Ohio. They possessed great force of character, and in point of intelli- 
gence and education, they ranked among the highest class of pioneers. 

In 1798, when they made the permanent settlement, each brought his 
household effects by team the entire distance from New Jersey. Joshua, the 
elder, had recently married Margaret Scott, and he brought his young wife 
with him. James was accompanied by his aged mother, Cynthia, and his two 
sisters, Betsy and Mrs. Eunice Donaldson. The latter was a widow, and her 
only child, Ewing Donaldson, came with her. Joshua purchased a lot in the 
newly platted town of North Liberty, in Darby Township, and there erected 
his cabin. Both families lived here for a short time, biit the town did not 
improve any and very soon after the Ewings both settled in Jerome Township, 
near its southwest corner on the south side of Big Darby. Of this early family 
no descendants are now left in Union County. 

Joshua Ewing was a surveyor and in addition to his labors on the farm he 
devoted considerable time to this occupation. He made a great many of the 
early surveys in Madison and Union Counties. He was the first Auditor of 
Union County and it is thought died while serving his first term. His death 
occurred about 1822, it is supposed from the fatal fever which swept over 
Darby Plains in that year. His children were Eliza, born in May, 1800, who 
removed to Adair County, Iowa, and died there, unmarried, August 28, 1881; 
George, who emigrated to near Attica, Ind. , and died there; Polly, married to 
David Chapman, and removed to Adair County, Iowa, where both died; 
Joshua Green, who died in Jerome Township, leaving seven children, all of 
whom went to Iowa; Cynthia, who died unmarried ou the home farm; Har- 
riet, who married William Allen and died a few years since in Plain City; 
Martha, Peggy and William Scott, all of whom died in Jerome Township. 

James Ewing, was one of the best and foremost citizeLs of Union County 
during the first thirty years of its existence. His old homestead in Jerome 
was in Survey 12,125, where he lived to the time of his death. He was elected 
and served as the first Sheriff of Union County. In religious belief, he was a 
Presbyterian and a firm member, and for many years a Ruling Elder of Lower 
Liberty Church. In politics, he was an unflinching Whig. In 1810, Mr. 
Ewing purchased a stock of goods at Chillicothe, brought them to his farm and 
opened a country store, thereby becoming the first merchant in what is now 
Union County. Through his efforts, a post office was secured and he was ap- 
pointed the first Postmaster. He operated the store for about ten years, and 
then withdrew for a time from mercantile business. In 1833, he erected a 
large frame store room adjoining his dwelling, and filled it with an extensive 
stock of goods. He continued in business this latter time only two years. In 
1835, his younger son, David, to whom he was deeply attached, met with an 



268 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

untimely death just as he was entering upon a life of brilliant promise, and 
under his sense of loss Mr. Ewing retired permanently from business. He had 
been the possessor of some means when he came to Ohio, and by his stern, 
honorable business qualities he accumulated considerable property. He was one 
of the first trustees of the Franklin County Bank. He was scrupulously hon- 
est in all his dealings, and his word passed current for almost any amount. 
Small currency was very scarce, and in order to meet the demand for this kind 
of money and facilitate trade, he issued what was termed in those days " shin 
plasters," payable on demand. They were considered by the people as good 
as coin and were never dishonoi'ed by their maker. James Ewing possessed 
strong convictions and was always true to them. He lived in his little log- 
cabin till the day of his death, which occurred August 26, 1850. It was too 
closely associated with his earliest struggles, when the country was wild and 
unoccupied, to be forsaken for the more modern spacious frame that stood by 
its side. He was married about 1807 to Elizabeth, daughter of Calvin Cary, of 
Madison County. Their children were several daxighters who died young, and 
two sons, Thomas M. and David C. The latter was an intelligent, promising 
young man, who graduated at South Hanover College, Indiana, in 1885, and 
was just entering upon the study of law. when he fell a victim of typhoid 
fever. Thomas M. was a well-known resident of Jerome. 

Elizabeth, the sister of James Ewing, married David Cary during the 
war of 1812. He died six months later in camp at Franklinton. She after- 
ward married a widower, Andrew Gill, and had two children, Mason and 
Susan, both of whom married and died in Darby Township. Mrs. Eunice 
Donaldson, soon after emigrating here, returned East. Her son, Ewing re- 
mained with his uncle, James Ewing; became a farmer and died a fewyears since 
near the Scioto River, not far from Dublin, leaving a large family. 

The Taylors were among the foremost pioneers of Big Darby in Jerome 
Township. There were five brothers by this name, Richard, Daniel, Isaac 
William and John, all of whom settled on the Creek in close proximity to each 
other, but the last three in Madison County. They came in ISOO or 1802. 
They were Virginians, who had settled in Kentucky, but not liking the country 
there emigrated to Ohio. 

Richard Taylor was boi*n in Virginia, learned the tailors trade in that 
State and removed to Kentucky. He there married Mary Murray, near Cyn- 
thiana, and followed farming and tailoring until he came with his family to 
Darby Creek about 1802. He purchased and settled on the land in Survey 
5,238, located on the west banks of Big Darby, about one-half mile north of 
Plain City, and now known as the Jones farm. Only a few families were 
then living on the creek. His nearest neighbor was Jonathan Alder, who 
lived in a little cabin a little farther down the stieam. Mr. Taylor's family 
was troubled with ague, owing to the low, wet lands in the vicinity, and in a 
few years he disposed of his place and returned to near Cynthiana, Ky. He 
there bought land, but in a few years the validity of his title was questioned, 
and under the fear that it might prove defective, hearing encouraging reports 
from his friends in Ohio, he abandoned his land and returned to Darby. He 
purchased a farm situated immediately east of the site of Plain City, and lo- 
cated partly in Union and partly in Madison County. His cabin, however, 
was built in Madison, and he lived there to the day of his death. He was a 
Whig, and a member of the Christian and New Light Chiu'ch. Of his six 
children, two died young. Two sons, William and Jeptha, live in Jerome 
Township. The former lias occupied his j)resent farm since 1831. Of the 
two daughters, Susanna, the elder, is deceased; Nancy, who was born in Union 
County in 1803, married Samuel Mason, and now lives in Madison County. 




4i 




■gft^ ipp*-. 



^^ ^^-^^^-^ 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 271 

Daniel Taylor was born in Virginia March 13, 1774 ; came to Jerome Town- 
ship about 1802, and died February 29, 1852. He married Miss Mary Brown 
in Virginia, and had eleven children, three of whom died young. Samuel, 
Ehoda (Hager), Mary (Knapp). and Moses died in Madison County; Jane was 
the wife of Moses Mitchell, of Dai'by Township, and John was a farmer of Je- 
rome; Sarah, wife of John Norton, and Levi still live at Plain City. Mr. Tay- 
lor had lived in Kentucky before coming here. He settled on thirty-two acres 
in Survey 5,128, just north of Plain City and west of the creek, but in a few 
years bought 150 acres across Big Darby, off the southern part of Survey 3,686, 
and lived there till his death. He was a Democrat through life and a zealous 
member of the Baptist Church, of which he was for many years a Deacon. 

John Taylor, a young unmarried man, accompanied his brother, Eichard, 
to Darby when he first removed here from Kentucky and made his home with 
him in Jerome Township for several years. He married Mrs. Elizabeth Mc- 
Cullough, the widow of Samuel McCullough, Sr., and settled in Madison 
County. 

Another of the earliest settlers on Big Darby in Jerome was Andrew Note- 
man. No record has been kept of the date of his settlement and the time 
cannot be definitely determined. The date of his deed is 1802, and it was 
probably about that year or soon after that he arrived. He was born June 1, 
1773, near Harper's Ferry, Md. When he first came to Ohio, he located in 
Eoss County, and remained there till he purchased from John Taylor and 
settled on the 100 acre farm where his son Zachariah now lives, about a 
half-mile north of Plain City. The farm was then in its native wildness.with 
no clearing upon it. Mr. Noteman built his cabin on the site of his son's 
present residence, and lived there, clearing and cultivating his land till, his 
death at a venerable age. He had been twice married. His first wife died 
before his emigration to Jerome, leaving one child, Jinsey, who accompanied 
her father here, and afterward married John Taylor, of Madison County. Mr. 
Noteman's second wife was Mrs. Elizabeth (Brown) , McCune, whom he mar- 
ried near Chillicothe. She was a widow, and John, William, Jane and Susan 
McCune, her children by her first marriage, came with them to their frontier 
habitation. By this second marriage there were two children, both born in 
Jerome Township — Polly (who afterward became the wife of Otway Curry), in 
1807, and Zachariah, now in possession of the old homestead, in 1811. Mr. 
Noteman was a prominent and earnest Methodist and a Whig. Ho was a f arm- 
ei*, judicious, economical, living within his means, kind, benevolent and 
interested in the welfare of others. " 

John McCune married Polly, daughter of Simeon Hager, and settled in 
Mad'ison County near Plain City. Afterward he removed to a farm in Jerome, 
on Sugar Eun, and lived there till his death. His children were Chauncey, of 
Illinois, David, John, Mrs. Jane Grreen and Mrs. Mary Green. 

The Sagers were also among the earliest settlers and occupied some of 
the best land in the township. The larger part of this family settled in 
Darby Township; but Henry, Frederick and Abraham located in Jerome. 

Hemy Sager purchased the farm just north of Big Darby, now owned by 
J. T. McCullough, in Survey 3,686, and settled there shortly after the begin- 
ning of this century. His first cabin stood back from the road quite a distance, 
but it was built before public roads had any existence in his locality, and 
after the highway was opened he built his second cabin near the present resi- 
dence of Mr. McCullough. He was a blacksmith, and was occupied with the 
labors of his trade when not clearing or tilling his land. Mr. Sager was a 
genial, good-natured citizen. In his day, the customers usually furnished the 
metals with which to fashion the various implements they desired; and iron 



272 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

then and there was a very valuable and rare article, so much so that it was 
often pilfered; but whenever any was missing and complaint made to him, Mr. 
Sager would reply very seriously that he strongly suspected that the rats had 
eaten it. He was a County Commissioner for many years, and quite a prom- 
inent citizen. In religious belief and affiliation, he was a Presbyterian. He 
had married Lavinia Haynes, and remained a life-long resident of Jerome Town- 
ship. 

Frederick Sager owned a large farm, comprising the land in Survey 
3,686, on the east banks of Darby Cx'eek, now the property of T. T. Kil- 
bury and Perry Douglass. His first cabin stood near the present residence of 
Mr. Kilbmy. Mr. Sager had the honor of erecting the first mill in the terri- 
tory now comprising Union County. He was a generous man, but, like many 
of the pioneers, rough in manners. He married Hannah Harrison, raised a 
large family and iiltimately removed w^ilh it to Kalamazoo County, Mich., 
where he spent the remainder of his life. 

Patrick Conner was the first settler on Sugar Run, coming from Pennsyl- 
vania about 1804-05. He owned and occupied a small farm in the lower part 
of Survey 5,132. He was of Irish descent and a very intelligent man. Like 
most men of his nationality, he was fond of whisky, and he usually gratified 
this propensity. He was once a candidate for Justice of the Peace, probably 
before 1820, and his intemperate habits were urged against his election. Pat- 
rick heard of it and at the polls promised if elected that he would thenceforth 
refrain from the use of liquor. His popularity won for him the election and 
he kept his promise and made an excellent officer. He followed shoe-making 
in connection with farming, and afterward removed to Amity, where he died 
in 1810. His wife, who was Polly Lee, died in 1856, at the home of her 
grandson, David McClung. Their two children were Jane, who married 
Reuben Cook, and Margaret who married Joseph McClung. 

Joseph McClung came to Sugar Run from Pennsylvania very early, set- 
tling on the farm his son David now owns. He was in the war of 1812. 

John Kent settled in Survey 5,126, on Sugar Run, in 1806. When he 
first came, he cleared ten acres on the Mitchell place through mistake, and for 
his trouble Judge Mitchell permitted him to use the field till he thought he 
was repaid for the work. He was a well-to-do farmer, always had an abun- 
dance of provisions and seed grain on hand, and would invariably help those 
of his neighbors who needed assistance, whether or not they had money to re- 
pay the loans he would make. He was a strong member of the Christian or 
New Light Church, and occasionally had services at his house. His wife's 
name was Margaret; they had six children— Daniel, who was born February 
25, 1791, married Dillie Shover and resided in Jerome; James, who removed 
to Delaware County; William, who died in Illinois; Moses, Sallie and Alex- 
ander. The last also removed to Illinois and died there. 

Henry Shover was a Revolutionary soldier, who emigrated from Virginia 
at an early date, purchased and settled upon a farm in the northern part of 
Survey 3,686, above Darby Creek. He was of German descent, and his relig- 
ious preferences were Lutheran, though he was not a member of any church. 
He helped to move the Sager family from Virginia, and thus became acquainted 
with the Darby country, where he soon after settled. He possessed some 
means, and in his demeanor was quiet and honest. He had three sons and 
three daughters. The latter became the wives of Christian Sager, George 
Cary and Samuel Mason. The sons were Adam, Frederick and Simon. Adam 
removed to Mechanicsburg and there operated a mill. Frederick died a farm- 
er of Franklin County. 

Simon Shover was one of the most eccentric and reckless characters that 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 273 

lived in Union County. It is said that he served in the Indian wars and was 
once captured by the savages and only escaped death by jumping on a log, 
flapping his arms and crowing like a rooster. This novel antic pleased his cap- 
tors and made him a favorite. He enlisted early in the war of 1812, was 
taken prisoner at Gen. Winchester's defeat and paroled. Returning home, he 
found that most of his acquaintances were in service, and becoming discon- 
tented he disregarded his parole, went to the front and re-enlisted. For sev- 
eral years his whereabouts were unknown to his friends, but at the close of the 
war he returned. He served under Gen. Harrison in the Northwest, and was 
one of the body of fifty men who made a sortie from a garrison to spike some 
cannon, in which only nineteen men returned. Simon was a good scholar and 
an excellent scribe, but too fond of the cup that cheers and inebriates, and 
when under the potent spell of alcohol his daring recklessness was at its 
height. On a favorite black horse, he would plunge into Dai by and swim across 
when high waters made the stream utterly unsafe, but from frequent practice 
the horse had learned to swim like a duck and always carried its rider safely 
over. He could give the genuine Indian war whoop, and ODce rode horseback 
into court and astonished the dignified Judge, the bar and spectators by utter- 
ing this savage war-cry at the top of his voice. He was constantly playing all 
sort of queer tricks, regardless of consequences, but his humor and popularity 
usually kept him out of trouble. He never married, and ended his days in 
one of the charitable institutions of Union County. 

One of the few Revolutionary officers who settled in Union County was 
Col. James Curry. He was born near Belfast, Ireland, in 1752, came to 
America with his father when ten years of age, and located in Augusta County, 
Va. After a most honorable service as an officer of the army throughout the 
Revolutionary war, he removed in the year 1797 to Ohio, settling first in Ross 
County. In 1811, he came with his family to the territory now known as 
Union County, where he located a large body of land and on which he erected 
the cabin in which he died. He was a member of the Legislature when the 
county was organized, and was for many years after one of the Judges of its 
courts. For a detailed history of the life of this eminent man the reader 
is referred to the biographical sketches following. The following are brief 
notices of his children: 

James A. Curry was born in Virginia March 30, 1787, and remained with 
his father's family until his marriage to Phoebe Winget, daughter of Stephen 
Winget, of Madison County, in March, 1817. In politics, he was a Democrat. 
He devoted himself to agricultural life and died on his farm March 1, 1874, 
aged eighty-seven years. A full sketch of him appears elsewhere. 

Harriet C. Curry was born June 7, 1791. She married James Buck and 
they resided in the northeast portion of the Curry Survey. Mrs. Buck died Au- 
gust 10, 1845. Their four childi-en were Caroline, Perry, Mrs. Maria Fleck 
and Mrs. Martha Shafifer. Only the first now survives. James Buck came 
from Highland County about 1812. He was a well-informed farmer and 
served Jerome Township for some years as Justice of the Peace. He was a 
Democrat, a Presbyterian and died at about the age of fifty, of consumption. 

Stephenson Curry was born December 3, 1801, and was a life-long farmer 
of Jerome Township. He married Sarah D. Robinson, daughter of James 
Robinson, of Darby, and had eight children. He took little part in public 
affairs, prefen-ing the quiet of books and domestic life. His death occurred 
April 2, 1861. A full sketch of him appears elsewhere in this work. 

Otway Curry was born March 26, 1804, and married Miss Mary, daugh- 
ter of Andrew Noteman; he resided for a time on the Jones farm on Big 
Darby, in Jerome, then removed to Marysville. A full sketch of him appears 
elsewhere in this volume. 



274 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Louisa Cuny was born July 24, 1807, married Nelson Cone and is still 
living in tliis township; nine children have been born to them, of whom six 
survive— James, Stephenson B. , Daniel R., Albert H., Thomas N. aud Louisa. 

Robert Burns Curry, the youngest of this family, was born June 3, ISII. 
He remained a farmer of Jerome until 1854, when he emigrated with his fam- 
ily to Iowa. Subsequently he removed to Missouri and is now living in Nor- 
ton County, Kan. He married Sarah Beard, and their children are James D. , 
William G., Jane, Ann, Harriet, Sarah, Albert and Ella. 

Samuel McCullough was a son of Samuel McCullough, Sr., who died in 
Darby Township in ISOO. He lived with his mother, who married John Tay- 
lor, in Madison County, till he arrived at the age of maturity. He then pur- 
chased a small farm in the southwestern part of Jerome, where his son, John 
T., now resides, and there engaged in farming. He was industrious and con- 
stantly extended the limits of his property. He took pride in making his 
home pleasant and attractive, and died in a large and handsome residence, 
which he had erected a few years ago. 

George Hensel, of German descent, came with his parents when a boy 
from near Parkersburg, Penn., to Fairfield County. In 1818, he moved to 
Delaware County and the same year bought a large quantity of land in Je- 
rome Township and Delaware County. In 1819, he removed to Jerome, near 
Frankfort, and with his sons cleared up much land in this viciaity. By trade, 
he was a brick layer and stone mason. He died in 1847. He was twice mar- 
ried; by his first marriage he had three children, by his second, six. 

Survey 5,132, of GOO acres, on Sugar Run, in the south-central portion 
of the township, was purchased at an early date by Judge David Mitchell, of 
Darby Township, divided into three portions, upon each of which one of 
his sons located. George Mitchell camy lirst, probably as early as 1814. He 
married Margaret Boles and had three children — David, James F. and Mar- 
tha E., who married Dixon Robinson. Mr. Mitchell died of pneumonia, soon 
after his settlement in Jerome. 

David Mitchell, Jr., his brother, settled. on the adjoining tract about 1816. 
Years afterward, he removed to Darby Plains and engaged extensively in stock- 
raising. He then removed to Columbus and operated in the cattle market till 
his fortune deserted him. He moved to St. Louis, Mo., but afterward returned 
to Ohio and spent the remainder of his life with one of his children at Hill- 
iard. His children were David A. (deceased), Joseph H., of California; Zenus 
M. , in the "West; Belinda (Cushman), of California; Hasson Shaw, of St. 
Louis; Dixon A., of California; Sanantha, Maria L. (Welch) and Delmore. 

The third son of Judge Mitchell, who occupied land in this survey, was 
Jesse Mitchell. He was the first white child born in what is now Union Coun- 
ty. The date of his birth was November 4, 1799, a few weeks after his par- 
ents had settled in Darby To\\Tiship. Jesse remained with his parents until 
his marriage, in December, 1823, to Elizabeth Robinson, daughter of Rev. 
James Robinson, then of Union Township. He at once settled with his 
young wife on his farm on Sugar Run. The farm was at this time still in its 
native wildness, except three acres, which had been cleared years before by 
John Kent under a mistake as to its location. In 1823, there were no neigh 
bors eastward nearer than live or six miles. Mr. Mitchell remained on the 
farm an industrious, energetic farmer until his death. May 13, 1881. In his 
lifetime he amassed considerable property. He had nine children — Maria, 
who married A. H. McCampbell; Martha E., who died unmarried; Lucinda, 
wife of Rev. Levi Hall, a Methodist Episcopal minister, now of Minneapolis; 
James, on the home place; Amanda, widow of Thomas J. Haynes, of Plain 
City; David, who died young; George W., who died in service at the St. 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 275 

Louis hospital; Electa, died in infancy; and Hester, widow of Z. H. McCul- 
lough, at Central College, Franklin County. Mrs. Mitchell still survives and 
resides with her daughter Amanda in Plain City. 

On what is now the J. W. Mitchell place, in Survey 5,133, OQ Sugar Run, 
William Bethard settled probably as eax'ly as 1820. He afterward removed 
with his family. His son Josiah, soon after his marriage, settled in Franklin 
County. 

Samuel Colter sojourned for a few years on Sugar Run, his aiTival dating 
about the year 1825. 

Moses Green owned a small place on Sugar Run, taking possession about 
1820. He died in this township. 

William Long was a very early settler on Survey 5, 126. He removed 
with a large family to Indiana and died there. 

John Stickle, whose mother had married William Bethard, settled on 
Sugar Run, where he farmed. He was a Presbyterian. 

Philip Hawn settled on Survey 3,750, of 100 acres, in the western part 
of the township in 1819, and remained there till his death. His wife, Mrs. 
Mary Hawn, claimed to have been the first white female child born at Cincin- 
nati, where her birth occurred March 5, 1791. Her father was Jacob Linsi- 
come, who came down the Ohio from Peniisylvania in the fall of 1790 and 
stayed dm-ing the ensuing winter with his family within what are now the 
limits of Cincinnati. Soon after the birth of Mary, he purchased land in Tur- 
key Bottom and removed his family there. He died of small-pox within three 
years after, and his widow subsequently became the wife of Samuel Edwards. 
After a short time they moved to a place on the stream called Sycamore, 
and in 1821 to the Pickaway plains, settling three miles from Circleville. 
Here Mary married Philip Hawn, and having exchanged her share of her 
father's land in Hamilton County for the 100 acres in Jerome, removed to it 
with her husband in 1819. She survived her husband some years and died at 
the residence of her son Joseph Hawn near Unionville Center, June 21, 1861. 

There were a few squatters here in early times and many renters, who 
usually remained only a short time. A complete record of them would be 
impossible, even if desirable. James Stillwill was a I'enter for a time on the 
Sager farm. He taught one term of school. Isaac Mason also lived on tlie 
Sager place. He was the first potter in Jerome, and followed his trade here. 
George Casey was another early settler, who owned no realty. 

Simeon Hager and Abner Chapman were pioneers. They married sisters 
— Polly and Relief Baldwin. Mr. Chapman first settled on the John Gray 
farm about a mile northwest of Plain City, and afterward removed to Darby 
Township, where he died. Mr. Hager was a renter and lived on the Chap- 
man place; then Mr. Noteman's farm and elsewhere, and finally bought a little 
place just across the line in IMadison, where he died. 

Samuel P. Morrison, about 1820, came from York County, Penn. He 
rented at various places in Jerome, then bought a small place about three 
miles south of Marysville, where he died of "milk sickness. " His five chil- 
dren were Ann, wife of Zachariah Noteman; Nancy, wife of Samuel Snod- 
grass; William, now of Hancock County, 111.; John and Alexander. 

Aaron Tossey was a reckless but sharp and jolly man, a chum of Simon 
Shover. Thomas Marshall, Thomas Gray and Martin DeWitt were early 
renters. Moses Harrison was a Virginian. He rented land from Frederick 
Sager; then removed with his family to Indiana. Alexander Brown, an old 
bachelor from Kentucky, lived in various localities in Jerome and died here. 
William Cummings was a renter on the Cm-ry farm. Jeptha Peasley moved 
about much. He was an intellig-ent and well-liked citizen and tauo-ht school 



276 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

repeatedly. He ultimately removed to parts unknown. Henry and William 
Wilson, two brothers, came about 1830 and settled in the northwest part of 
the township. 

Simeon Rickard, a native of Virginia, in 1828 emigrated to Darby Town- 
ship, and a year later to southwestern Jerome, on the farm his son George M. 
Richard, now owns. He was a soldier in the war of 1812; married Mary S. 
Sanbower in 1813, and died in Jerome January 5, 1844. 

Landen Bishop emigrated from Virginia to Franklin County, Ohio, in 
] 824, and three years later came to Jerome Township. He was twice mar- 
ried and had six children by his first, and seven children by his second mar- 
riage. He was a farmer and stock-raiser and died February 22, 1860. 

All the above settlers located in Jerome Township prior to 1830. There 
are many other prominent families who settled in Jerome Township at an 
early day, among whom are Nelson Cone, the Beards, McCampbells, Liggetts, 
Gills, Flecks, Biggers, Roneys, Dodges, McKitricks, Woodburns, Foxes, 
Hills, Ketches and Dort|is. 

MILLING. 

Various expedients and devices were employed by the first pioneers to pro- 
cure meal. At fii'st they were driven to the necessity of grinding their corn 
by hand with a pestle and mortar, after the Indian fashion; but at best this 
method would produce nothing finer than hominy. Tiring of this, the settlers 
would occasionally make long journeys to distant mills and bring home a 
precious sack of meal. Frederick Sagar, soon after his advent here, determined 
to erect a mill. The site selected was a few rods above the bridge on the Plain 
City & California pike, nearly opposite the I'esidence of Perry Douglas. 
He built the dam with the assistance of his neighbors and erected the neces- 
sary buildings. Dr. Converse says of it: "The great question was how and 
where he could procure the buhrs necessary to the enterprise. To go to 
Maine, Vermont or New York, would be both tedious and expensive. It is 
said that 'necessity is the mother of invention,' and, as this country in many 
places abounded with bowlders, he started out for a mill stone, finding one to 
suit on the farm now owned by John Taylor. With rude and clumsy tools, lie 
went to work to split the bowlder open. For many days he labored incessant- 
ly with pick and drill on the unyielding rock, until at last it gave way. To 
dress the flinty rock into shape, required weeks of labor, but finally it was 
heralded that Frederick Sager's mill was in running order. For many miles 
around the white settlers brought their grain to the mill, and even the friendly 
Indians, who were scattered over the country, came also, on the same errand. 
A few weeks later, the raising of wheat was introduced, which made it neces- 
sary for Mr. Sager to attach a flouring bolt in his mill. He procuied a proper 
piece of sea-grass cloth, attached the same to a reel, and, placing it in the flour- 
chest, was ready to meet the wants of the settlement. For many years the 
bolting was all done by hand. A few years later, he attached to his water- 
power a saw mill, supplying the people with boards for their dwelling houses, 
which, prior to this period were made of split puncheon, smoothed and fitted 
with an ax. Still a little later, Mr. Sager put in operation a distillery, or still 
house as they were then called, for the manufacture of whisky. As peaches 
were almost a natural production of the country at that day, the farmers took 
their peach crop to his still and had them made into peach brandy. Subse- 
quently the grist mill was purchased by Fannery Heaninway, who came to 
this country in 1830." 

This mill, however, was only what was called a "wet weather" mill. Dur- 
ing a dry season, it could be operated only for a shoi't time each morning, 
when there was a good head of water on. Every fall the settlers were obliged 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 277 

to go to the Mad River mill above Urbana or a mill on Biick Creek in Clark 
Covinty. Andrew Noteman often took his grain by canoe, which was cut out 
of a solid log, to Dwj'er's mill, about twelve miles below on Big Darby. More- 
over, the dam of Sager's mill was made of timber and was continually getting 
out of repair, the water washing vmder it. As often as this occurred Mr. Sager 
called for his neighbors to assist in repairing it, a service they were always 
glad to render gratuitously, because of the milling privileges thereby afforded 
them. 

SCHOOLS. 

Abner Chapman was one of the first school teachers on Darby. He 
taught the first term in the first schoolhouse built in Jerome. It stood on land 
he was then occupying, on the west bank of Big Darby just above Plain City. 
Mr. Chapman was a Yankee and taught a number of schools. He also engaged 
in surveying. Clark Provin was the next teacher in the first schoolhouse. 
He was not so strict a disciplinarian as his predecessor, but was regarded a 
good teacher. John Roberts, who lived on the plains, held a term in 1810-12, 
in a cabin which stood a few rods below the present residence of George M. 
Rickard. The pupils who attended here were Susanna, Nancy and William 
Taylox", Rhoda and Sarah Taylor, Jane and Susan McCune, James Noteman, 
Charles and Peerie Call and pierhaps others. 

At New California, in 1852, principally through the efforts of Jesse Gill, 
a frame one-story schoolhouse was erected. The township donated 150 for 
the privilege of using it for election purposes. The balance of the building 
fund was secured by private subscription. Select schools have been held in 
this building almost every yeai* since, embracing, besides the common branches, 
the higher mathematics, languages, etc, These schools have been well at- 
tended and their impress is shown in the rank the teachers of Jerome have 
taken in this county. Among the teachers of this school were Llewellyn Curry 
(winter of 1852-53), Rev. I. N. Laughead, Olive Gill, Isaac Winters, David 
Cochran, Samuel Graham, Mr. Johnson, Thomas Evans, R. L. Woodburn, 
George Rhulen, Mr. McCharahan, James Curry, John Stockton, E. L. Liggett, 
Calvin Robinson, D. H. Cross and J. W. Baughman. The terms are of three 
months' duration and do not interfere with the public school terms. Many young 
men who have gone out into the world from Jerome Township attribute their 
success in life to the superior educational advantages offered by this school. 

One of the best district schools^in the township is the handsome two-story 
brick located just north of Plain City. It is about 30x50, and was built in 
1879 at a cost of about $2,000. The enumeration of this district exceeds 
eighty. The present teachers are Misses Lorena Harper and Rosa Page. 

VILLAGES. 

The village of Frankfort, located in the extreme eastern part of Jerome 
Township, was laid out April 1, 1846, by William B. Irwin, County Survey- 
or, for Henry Beach. The original plat consisted of forty lots. Main street, 
sixty feet in width, extended north and south and was crossed at right angles 
by Town street; also sixty feet wide, and three alleys twelve feet in width. 
The Beach family was the only family then residing on its site. Amos and 
Kilburn Beach opened the first store. They also operated an extensive ashery 
for many years. Samuel Stout and George Bowersmith soon after started a 
general store, which was continued several years. William H. Case was the 
eai'ly innkeeper. John Evans, still a resident of the place, built one of the 
first houses. The village has grown slowly and now has a population of 
nearly two hundred. It is quite a trading place for the surrounding country, 
doing a large mercantile business for a village of its size. There are nov.' 



278 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

two general stores in operation, owned by H. B. Seely and Brobeck & Fox. 
The village also contains two blacksmith shops, one wagon shoD, one harness 
shop and a shoe shop. It siipports two chm-ches, the Methodist and the Pres- 
byterian. With the old log Methodist Church was connected a cemetery, which 
is now under the care of the Township Trustees. The school building is a sub- 
stantial two-story brick. Two hotels provide for the wants of the traveler — the 
Preston House and the Frankfort House. The former is under the proprietor- 
ship of L. Preston; the latter of S. G. Hyland. Two medical practitioners 
are located in Frankfort — Drs. T. B. Asbery and John E. Herriott. The former 
was in practice here formerly, then removed to Columbus. Abou.t a year ago 
he returned to this place. Dr. Herriott, directly after completing his profes- 
sional course about eight years ago, opened an office here and has practiced 
continuously since. Former resident physicians of Frankfort have been Drs. 
Converse, Beverly, Andrews, G. H. Holland and others. The Frankfort Post 
Office is named Jerome, and Joseph Brobeck has present charge of the mail, 
which is received tri-weekly by hack from Marysville. Horace Beach was an 
early Postmaster. Dr. Converse filled the office in 1850. Subsequent incum- 
bents have been Isaac Wells, George Leasure, Hurd Lewis, S. H. Brake, W. 
O'Uarra, John Latham, and Joseph Brobeck, whose commission dates from 
1878. 

Centrally located in the township is the village of New California. The 
date of its origin was August 27, 1853, at which time it was platted by Will- 
iam B. Irwin for Samuel B. Woodburn, the proprietor. Mr. Woodburn and 
Dr. Albert Chapman started the first store. Reuben Cook erected the first house. 
Drs. Culver and Milo H. Lawrence were about the first resident physicians. 
Drs. Joseph S. Howland and Robert Merriman are the present dispensers of 
medicine. The village, though favorably situated, has not thrived. It now 
contains one store, owned and operated by Horace M. Dort and Jesse G. Curry, 
the former of whom is Postmaster. It also has a blacksmith shop, a small ash- 
ery, a shoe shop, one church and a new school building. Nine or ten families 
compose the population. 

PLAIN CITY. 

This village, now comprising a population of one thousand or more 
originally stood wholly in Madison County, but so close to its northern line 
that the natural growth of the village has caused it to encroach upon Union 
County soil. The first official evidence of this is the record of the addition 
of eight lots made to the village April 23, 1859, by Edward W. Barlow. Lots 
3, 4, 5 and 6, and fractions of 2, 7 and 8 of this addition are in Union 
County. Pleasant Valley was then the name of the town. Of Charles 
Aman's Addition, made July 26, 1875, lots 8, 7 and a fraction of 6 were 
in Union County, Jerome Township. Within the last few years, Plain City 
has grown principally northward, and there are now about two hundred of 
its people within Jerome Township, besides a church, a carriage factory, 
planing mill, saw mill and grist mill. 

' About 1868, O. C. and Zachariah McCune set in operation a frame plan- 
ing mill and continued it until the year 1875, when they erected a large, 
handsome brick mill and filled it with new machinery at a cost of about $17,- 
000. Its subsequent successive proprietors have been McCune & Wilson, 
Hensel & Herriott, Hensel & Churchman, E. C. Churchman, Swearinger 
& Co., and Barlow & Beech. The last-named firm acquired possession 
in the spring of 1880. Prior to that time, a strictly planing mill busi- 
ness was conducted, includino; the manufacture of doors, blinds, sash, etc. ; 
the present proprietors have also engaged in the manufacture of furniture. 




tC : 




a^^D 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 281 

O. C. McCune and Clarence Beard, in 1877, started the saw mill, and are 
still the owners. Except one country mill, it is the only one within a radius 
of five miles, and does an extensive business. Besides custom work, a large 
number of logs are purchased, converted into lumber and shipped to various 
points. This mill was destroyed by fire in January, 1883, at a loss of several 
thousand dollars. It was immediately rebuilt. 

Harrison Harper & Co. have been engaged in the manufacture of 
wagons and buggies here since 1875. From twenty to twenty-five vehicles 
are annually manufactured and a general repair trade is maintained. 

Dr. W. I. Ballinger and Eichard Woodruff built the Plain City flour- 
ing mill in 1873. The building is a large brick structure and is constantly 
operated to its full capacity. It contains four run of buhrs and is the only 
grist mill in the village. Several years ago, Mr. Woodruff retired from the 
firm, which has since been Ballinger & Sons. 

Prior to 1876, the Plain City Methodist Episcopal Charch was in Mad- 
ison County, but in that year a lot was purchased in Jerome Township and 
a new brick edifice erected on it at a cost of $4,500. The church was dedicat- 
ed by Dr. Payne, President of the Ohio Wesleyan University. Rev. Tressen- 
rider was pastor in charge during its erection. His successors have been Rev. 
Rudesill, who remained three years; Rev. Bradrick, who remained in charge 
two years, and Rev. J. M. Rife, the present minister. The membership ex- 
ceeds 100. A flourishing Sabbath school is maintained. This society was or- 
ganized at the cabin of Andrew Noteman in Jerome, about 1812. Most of the 
members lived in Madison County and in a few years a block church was built 
across the line. 

The preponderance of religious sentiment in southwestern Jerome, when 
the first settlements were made, was of the Presbyterian hue. A congregation 
was organized, which has since been transplanted to Madison County soil in 
Plain City and still flourishes there. The church records, unfortunately, have 
been lost and its earliest members have long since gone to their eternal home, 
and in consequence the details of its earlier history are meager. The exact 
date of the organization of "Lower Liberty Presbyterian Church," as it was 
named, is unknown, but the best conjecture obtainable makes it about 1807. 
About the same time, a similar organization, denominated "UiDper Liberty 
Presbyterian Church," was formed in Union Township, and the two societies 
were served by the same pastors for many years. Rev. Samuel Woods was the 
first pastor. He entered into this relation in 1808 and maintained it faithful- 
ly until his death, which occurred in 1815. From that date. Revs. William 
Dickey, Archibald Steele, James Hodge, D. D., Elder Hughes and others 
supplied the church until 1821, when Rev. James Robinson was installed pas- 
tor. He served the church seven years. Rev. Darius C. Allen was stated 
supply from 1829 to 1831. The year following, Rev. Benjamin Dolbear be- 
came the pastor and continued his labors with this charge until about 1838, 
In 1837, Lower Liberty was rent in twain by the internal dissensions then ex- 
isting in this denomination. The two factions were nearly equally divided, 
but a slight majority favored the Old School branch. Rev. Dolbear continued 
with this division. His successor, Rev. William H. Galbreath, was installed 
October 7, 1839, serving until April 18, 1848. Rev. Benjamin Evans was the 
next and last pastor of this branch. In the New School division, Rev. Henry 
Shedd was the only settled pastor, but Rev. Kuhn and others supplied it. 

Among the earliest prominent members of this church were James Ewing, 
Joshua Ewing, David Mitchell, Jr., David Chapman and John Taylor. The 
early services were probably held in private houses; then in the schoolhouse, 
which stood on the lot where the first meeting-house was erected. This prim- 



282 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

itive church stood on a lot of foui- acres, donated to the society by Walter 
Dun, and situated about a mile northwest of Plain City in the forks of the 
post pike and the road leading northeast to Big Darby. The building was 
erected as early as 1820, perhaps sooner. It was a large, unfurnished frame struct- 
ui'e, weather- boarded but not plastered, roofed but without a chimney. The 
seats were only slabs, supported by rough sticks. A broad, center aisle ex- 
tended lengthwise with the building, crossed near the center by another aisle, 
at each end of which a door was originally designed, but never inserted. The 
women occupied one side of this room; the men held undisputed jDOssession of 
the other. The frail texture of this building may be illustrated by an inci- 
dent, which, however, is not strictly ecclesiastical in its nature. In those days, 
it was customary for the entire family, includiug babies and dogs, to attend 
divine service. One pleasant Sabbath Day, the church was filled to overflow- 
ing, it being the day appointed for administering the sacrament of the Lord's 
Supper. "Dog buttons" were then just coming into use, and some irreverend, 
unscrupulous wag scattered a quantity of them among the canines outside. 
They soon felt the baneful influence and, in a wild pack, frothing at the 
mouth, ran into the church. The cry "mad dogs" was raised and the tranquil 
worshiping audience was instantly converted into a panic-stricken crowd, that 
jumped up on the benches and made every effort to escape the rabid animals 
which ran howling thi'ough the house. One good old lady, of matronly em- 
bonj)oint, the wife of a Ruling Elder, seized an infant in each arm and in her 
frantic endeavors to avoid one of the approaching, now wild animals, rushed 
madly against the side of the room. The weather-boarding gave way and she 
found herself the next instant oiitside of the pandemonium which reigned 
within. 

This old building could not be heated and was used only during the sum- 
mer. In cold weather, the schoolhouse on the same lot was brought into re- 
quisition, its more limited space proving sufficient to accomodate the few 
members who attended in that season. In 1836, a large brick structure, 46- 
x52, was reared on the same site. It was constructed by Mr. Gifford, of Union 
Township. The congregation then numbered about seventy-five. Scarcely 
had it taken possession of this new home when the troubles arose which pro- 
duced the division. Of the four Ruling Elders then in office, James Ewing, 
T. M. Ewing and John Taylor adhered to the Old School, and David Chap- 
man united with the New School branch. While the united congregation was 
strongly self-supporting, both divisions were too weak to maintain efficient or- 
ganizations and struggled between life and death for about sixteen years. The 
Old School division kept possession of the church, but by agi'eement the other 
branch had the use of the church each alternate Sabbath. About 1853, both 
societies disorganized. Four years later, a reconciliation was eflected among 
the members and a new organization entered into, which re-assumed the old 
name. Lower Liberty. Their church, however, was built and still stands in 
Plain City, Madison County, and its subsequent liistory by this change of lo- 
cation has passed from the domain of Jerome Township. 

At New California is the church of the Sugar Run United Presbyterian 
Congregation. About the year 1835, the McCampbells, Beards and Liggetts 
settled within the limits of what now comprises the territory of this society, 
and became the nucleus of the organization which was effected a few years 
later. Until this latter event took place, these families were in connection 
with the Darby congregation. The McCampbells and Beards, with some 
other individual members, came originally from Ebenezer and Tunber Ridge con- 
gregations of the Associate Chui'ch, in Rockbridge County, \a. In 184:1, or 
near the close of 1840, Rev. James Wallace effected an organization at Sugar 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 



28a 



Run by ordaining and installing as Ruling Elders William Bigger and David 
Beard, and enrolling about thirty members. For the first two years, Rev. 
Robert Forester, of Reynoldsburg, ministered statedly to the people, though 
not installed pastor. Rev. I. N. Laughead was the iii'st pastor. He was born 
in Greene County, Ohio; graduated at Franklin College, New Athens, Ohio; 
studied theology at the Associate Seminary at Cannonsburg, Penn. ; was licensed 
to preach in 1838 and ordained in 1839. He became pastor of this and 
Darby (Union ville) congregations in April, 1843, and continued in this rela- 
tion till April, 1864. Of his labors here, he himself says: "In these two con- 
gregations, I spent the prime of my life; and although I had my discourage- 
ments and trials, yet I suppose I had as much enjoyment and pleasure in the 
Lord's work here as usually falls to the lot of Christ's ministers. My two 
main discouragements were the scattered field I occupied, extending from the 
Scioto River to Little Darby Creek, and the scant support I received. I was 
necessitated to resort to some other means of support, and could not give 
my whole time to the ministry. I settled there with the promise of $300 an- 
nually, and that was not very promptly paid. It never reached over $400. 
I taught district and select schools. ' I labored working with my own hands.' 
I cannot say that I did any great things in those congregations, but this I can 
say, I did what I could. The Master's glory and the spiritual good of that 
people were by me sincerely and earnestly sought." One year after the sever- 
ance of his connection with the congregation, or in April, 1865, Rev. James 
W. Taylor accepted a call to take charge of this and Darby congregations. 
He continued with them until November 19, 1867. For several years the 
church was then without a regular minister. The third pastor was Rev. John 
Gilmore, installed September 12, 1871, and remaining in charge till April 15, 
1874. He wa« succeeded by Rev. D. M. Gordon, who commenced his labors 
on the first Sabbath in*January, 1875, was regularly installed in October fol- 
lowing, and continued till April, 1878, when Rev. Ebenezer E. Cleland, the 
present pastor, was called. 

William Bic^ger continued to act as Ruling Elder until his removal to 
Springfield, Ohio, in 1863; David Beard, until his removal to Iowa. The fol- 
lowing members have been added to the session from time to time: William 
Liggett, in 1845; Thomas Robinson and David Mitchell, July 17, 1853; Walter 
Gowans and William McCrory, February 26, 1857; James Scott and Joseph 
McCampbell, in 1865; Samuel Carson and Thomas B. Arnold, in 1871-72. 
The following have served as Deacons: John Liggett, James I. Beard,. 
Thomas Robinson, David Mitchell, Andrew Beard, Andrew McCampbell, J. 
M. Robinson and James "Woodburn. 

Early services were held at the house of William McCampbell, Sr. , but 
soon after a hewed-log house of worship, about 25x30 feet, was erected. It 
was succeeded in 1852 by the present frame church edifice, erected near the 
site of the old building. It is about 40x50 in size, well finished and furnished. 
The Sabbath school was organized about j865, with a membership of 
perhaps forty. It has been continued ever since, and is at present in a prosper- 
ous and flourishing condition, with an attendance of sixty 

Jerome Presbyterian Church was organized at Frankfort December 16, 
1:853, by Rev. William H. Brinkerhoff, with the following membership: Mr. 
and Mrs. John Fleck, Mrs. Mary Patterson, Mrs. Maria Brinkerhoff, Temple- 
ton Liggett, Mrs. Rebecca Liggett, Mrs. Hannah McReary, Mrs. Scofield, Samuel 
Clark and Mrs. Nancy Clark. Templeton Liggett and John Fleck, the first 
Ruling Elders, were not installed until December 26, 1857. The first pastor, Rev. 
W. H. Brinkerhoff, served this charge until 1862. He was born in Adams County, 
Penn., February 3, 1803; educated at Gettysburg Academy, and at twenty- 



384 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

four begau the study for the ministry. He was married October 27, 1835, to 
Maria Kowan; emigrated to Seneca County, Ohio, and settled on a farm for 
one year. In 1836, he began his ministerial labors by organizing a church at 
McCutchinsville and soon after others in neighboring schoolhouses. In 1848, 
he took charge of the German Reform Church at McCutchinsville, and two 
years later one of the same denomination at Lancaster. In 1851, he became 
pastor of the Worthington Presbyterian Church, where he remained till he 
organized the Jerome Church. He died at Waymouth, Medina Coimty, De- 
cember 11, 1871. Dui'iDg his ministry, he organized many congregations and 
assisted in the erection of church buildings with his own manual labor. 

At a meeting of the Jerome congregation, held November 2, 1862, it was 
unanimously agreed to change the ecclesiastical relation of the congregation by 
becoming a Congregational Church. Soon after this action was taken, Rev. 
Brinkerhoff severed his connection with the church. A vacancy occurred in 
the pulpit for some time; then the services of Rev. Hawn, an Old School Pres- 
byterian minister, were secured. In 1866, Rev. C. N. Coulter became pastor 
of this and Worthington congregations. The former at this time was weak 
and disorganized, and in order to reconcile denominational differences among 
the members and make the church acceptable to several Presbyterian families 
who wished to unite with it, the covenant of the New School Presbyterian 
Church was adopted, though the connection with the Congregational Church 
was maintained. Rev. Coulter continued with the congregation until Octo- 
ber 27, 1867. Rev. A. N. Hamlin was installed pastor November 24, 1867, 
and remained live years. Revs. Stevenson and L. T. Mason then supplied 
the church for several months each, and in 1873 Rev. Hamlin was recalled, 
serving two years. He was succeeded by Rev. Thoma-i Hill, who stayed six 
months. Rev. N. K. Crow was the next pastor, serving several years. A va- 
cancy for some time followed, which was terminated by the installation of 
the present pastor, Isaac N". Thomas, now serving his second year. The first 
church building, still in use. a frame building about 24x30 in size, was erected 
about 1856. October 7, 1877, the congregation asked to be admitted to the 
Presbyterian Church, and has since been connected with that denomination. 
Its membership is now very low, not reaching twenty. The present Elders are 
John Arnold and W. P. Neil. J. B. Doudna, John Arnold and Abraham 
Brobeck are the trustees. The first Sabbath school was organized by Rev. 
Coulter. It is still maintained during the summer season. 

The Methodist Church at Frankfort was organized about 1835. For a 
few years, meetings were held at the residence of Henry Beach and other dwell- 
ings. Among the early members may be mentioned James and William 
Stone, John W. Halleck, Henry Beach, Joseph Wells and Jacob Frederick. A 
log meeting house was erected about 1842, which served the societ}- as a place 
of worship until 1860, when the present frame edifice was erected. It was 
completed in April and dedicated xlpril 15, 1860, by Rev. Dr. Warner. The 
membership at present numbers about seventy-five. This class is included in 
Jerome Circuit, recently formed, which, besides this charge, comprises Hyatts- 
ville and Kent's Schoolhouse in Delaware County, Watkinsville and Ketch's 
Schoolhouse. Rev. Chase conducted a very fruitful revival in the old log 
church, and among the most successful series of meetings in the present 
church have been those conducted by Revs. Hathaway, John E. Moore and 
Edward Rudesill. Rev. Thurston is the present minister. A Sabbath school 
has been in operation for a period of about forty years. 

In the southeastern part of the township is a Methodist class which was 
organized more than twenty years ago. Henry Brobeck, Rosetta Mooney and 
Landen Bishop were early members. The class has never been very strong 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 286 

numerically, and its places of holding services have frequently changed. 
About ten years ago it was changed by Rev. Samuel Donahue from Mooney 
Schoolhouse to the Pike Schoolhouse No. 1, and when a new schoolhouse was 
erected in this district two years ago, the directors withheld permission to use 
it for church purposes. The society then took measures to provide itself with 
a suitable home. On a lot donated by S. S. Davis, a handsome brick edifice 
has been erected at a cost of about 82,000. It will be finished and dedicated 
as soon as the weather permits. The class now numbers about thirty mem- 
bers. 

gowan's guards. 

On the evening of the 24:th day of April, 1861, in response to the call for 
the first 75,000 volunteers, a war meeting was held in the old Seeeder Church 
at New California. Patriotic speeches were made by many of the old citi- 
zens, and among others the Kev. B. D. Evans and Llewellyn Curry. Volun- 
teers were called for, and the fir.«t young man to enroll his naiae and oflfer his 
services was David O. Taylor, who soon after joined the Thirteenth Ohio Reg- 
iment, and, after serving his country three years with honor, was killed on 
the battle-field of Dallas on the 27th of May, I86i. About forty of the young 
men of the neighborhood volunteered that evening and in a few days an elec- 
tion was held fur officers of the company, and James Cutler was elected Cap- 
tain; W. L. Curry, First Lieutenant, and D. R. (^one, Second Lieutenant. 

Among the first to volunteer was Walter Gowans, a patriotic old Scotch- 
man upward of sixty years of age, and in honor to him the company was named 
the "Gowans' Guards." The company began drilling immediately at New Cali- 
fornia. The busy hands of mothers and sisters in a few days furnished uni- 
forms, consisting of red jackets and black caps. The young ladies of the 
neighborhood made a large silk flag, which was presented to the company. 

The company soon numbered about sixty volunteers, but before it was re- 
cruited to the required number to enter the service, the call was made for 
three years troops, and many of the boys becoming impatient to be off for the 
seat of war, began to enlist in companies that were being recruited more rap- 
idly in the larger towns. The organization never entered the service, as their 
ranks were rapidly decimated by these enlistments in other organizations. 
All but two or three of this company soon enlisted and seventeen of them died 
in the service. 

A complete roll of the company cannot be found, but by consulting mem- 
bers of the company the majority of the names have been obtained. Those 
with a star attached died in service. 

James Cutler, Captain; W. L. Curry, First Lieutenant; D. R. Cone, 
Second Lieutenant; J. D. Bain, David Bain, William Beaver, W. J. Conk- 
lin, Otway Curry, W. W. Curry, David Curry, James A. Currv,* James 
Curry, J. C. Cone, S. B. Cone, O. B. Cone,* William Channell,*'W. H. H. 
Fleck, T. S. Fleck, Walter Gowans, Sr., Andrew Gowans, Alexander Gowans, 
William Gowans, James Gowans,* S. W. Gowans, Lewis Hoffner, James 
Hill,* L. J. Ketch, Lewis Ketch,* John Lio-wett, R. A. Liggett, B. F. Lucas,* 
William B. Langhead,* John Marford, James R. Mitchell, George Mitchell,* 
David Mclntire, J. L. McCampbell, Jeff Mahaffey,* Jacob Nonemaker,* D, 
G. Robinson, Delmore Robinson,* C. L. Robinson, J. B. Robinson, George 
Reuhlen,* David Shinneman,* James Smith, George Stokes, Atlas Perkins,* 
Charles Thompson,* David O. Taylor*, Daniel; Taylor, David Wise, William 
Wise*, Samuel Wise. The young men of Jerome Township rallied to 

every call made during the war, and her quota was always filled. No draft 
was ever made in the township. Soldiers' families were well cared for by 
the old citizens at home, and about $10,000 were paid during the last years of 



286 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

the war as local bounty to recruits. The first call on Jerome Township for 
volunteers was for fourteen men, and the first money paid was by Thomas 
Jones, who paid $70, giving each of th^ boys $5. They went without bounty. 
Squire S. B. Woodburn was particularly active in raising money to pay 
bounties and save the township from the draft, and it was to him that the cit- 
izens looked for aid when calls were made for troops. He repeatedly advanced 
the means to pay bounties. "When the last call for troops was made, it be- 
came necessary for Jerome to furnish about $6,000 to fill her quota of men. 
Attempts were made to raise the amount, but they failed, and as a last resort 
Squire Woodburn was appointed to assess the amount. At that meeting he 
assessed ten men !ii)200 each and advanced §1,000. 

No township in the county has a better record than Jerome. More than 
340 of her citizens entered the seWice, and sixty-nine of them were killed or 
died in the army. 

The county official record of oaths administered to Justices of the Peace 
contains the following list for Jerome Township, with the dates of commissions : 
Clark Provin, 1821; John McCune, 1823; James Ewing, 1824; James Buck, 
1825; Henry Sager, 1827; James Buck, 1828; William Long, 1832; John 
McCampbell^ 1837; Caleb Converse, 1838; S. Snodgrass, 1839; Thomas AVa- 
son, 1839; Thomas M. Ewing, 1841; Thomas Mason, 1842; Joseph Button. 
1842; Thomas M. Ewing, 1844; Perry Buck, 1845; Kilbourn Beach, 1845; 
Thomas M. Ewing, 1847; Perry Buck, 1848; Kilbourn Beach, 1848, resigned 
in 1849; James B. Dort, 1850; Thomas M. Ewing, 1850; Perry Buck, 1851; 
I. N. Wells, 1852; Leroy F. Kager, 1853; Perry Buck, 1854; Templeton Lig- 
gett, 1855; I. N. Wells, 1855; James Ketch, 1856; Samuel B. Woodburn, 
1858; I.N. Wells, 3858; James Ketch, 1859; Samuel B. AVoodburn, 1861; 
I. N. Wells, 1861; James Ketch, 1862; S. B. Woodburn. 1864; I. N. Wells, 
1864; John Knock, 1865; James Ketch, 1866; L N. Wells, 1867; S. B. Wood- 
bm-n, 1867; Nelson Cone, 1869; S. B. Woodburn. 1870; S. W. H. Durboraw, 
1870; Nelson Cone, 1872; S. B. Woodlrarn, 1873; S. W. H. Diirboraw, 1873; 
J. P. McDowel, 1875; James Ketch. 1876; S. W. H. Durboraw, 1876; James 
Robinson. 1878; Nelson Cone, 1879; Robert McCrorv, 1879; Perrv Buck, 
1882; Robert McCrory, 1882; J. P. McDowell, 1882. 

The complete vote of Jerome for Governors of the State, has been as fol- 
lows : 

1822— Jeremiah Morrow, 6; Allen Trimble, 24; total, 30. 

1824— Jeremiah Morrow, U; Allen Trimble, 23; total, 34. 

1826— John Bigger. 22: Allen Trimble, 7; total, 29. 

1828— John W. Campbell, 23; Allen Trimble, 7; total, 30. 

1830— Robert Lucas, 32. 

1832 — Darias Lyman, Whig, 12; Robert Lucas, Democrat, 36; total, 48. 

1834 — James Finley, Whig, 13; Robert Lucas, Democrat, 33; total, 46. 

1836 — Joseph Yance, Whig, 50; Eli Baldwin, Democrat, 15; total, 65. 

1838 — Joseph Yance, Whig, 60; Nelson Shannon, Democrat, 27; total, 
87. 

1840 — Thomas Corwin. Whig, 86; Nelson Shannon, Democrat, 58: total, 
144. 

1842 — Thomas Corwin, Whig, 75; Nelson Shannon, Democrat, 43; Lei- 
cester King, Abolitionist, 7; total, 162. 

1844— Mordecai Bartley,Whig, 105; David Tod, Democrat, 48; Leices- 
ter King, Abolitionist, 9; total, 162. 

1846— William Bebb, Whig, 63; David Tod, Democrat, 28; Samuel 
Lewis. Abolitionist, 9; total, 100, 

1848— Seaburv Ford. Whig, 104; John B. Weller. Democrat. 57: total, 
161. 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 28T 

1850 — "William Johnson, Whig, 101; Reuben Wood, Democrat, 69; Ed- 
ward Smith, Abolitionist, 16; total, 186. 

1851 --Samuel F. Vinton, Whig, 71; Reuben Wood, Democrat, 42; Sam- 
uel Lewis, Abolitionist, 24; total, 137. 

1853— Nelson Barrere, Whig, 74; William Medill, Democrat, 62; Sam- 
uel Lewis, Abolitionist, 34: total, 170. 

1855 — Salmon P. Chase, Fusion, 97; William Medill, Democrat, 21; 
Allen Trimble, Know-Nothing, 32; total, 150. 

1857 — Salmon P. Chase, Republican, 106; H. B. Payne. Democrat, 45; 
P. Van Trump, Know-Nothing, 3; total, 154. 

1859 — William Dennison, Republican, 98; R. P. Ranney, Democrat, 71; 
total, 169. 

1861 — David Tod, Republican, 132; H. J. Jewett, Democrat, 84; total, 
216. 

1863 — John Brough, Republican, 204; C. L. Vallandigham, Democrat, 
84; total, 288. 

1865— J. D. Cox, Republican, 149; George W. Morgan, Democrat, 96; 
total, 243. 

1867 — R. B. Haves, Republican, 176; Allen G. Thurman, Democrat, 117;- 
total, 293 

1869— R. B. Hayes, Republican, 163; G. H. Pendleton, Democrat, 102; 
total, 265. 

1871— E. F. Noyes, Republican. 153; G. W. McCook, Democrat, 94; 
total, 247. 

1873 — E. F. Noyes, Republican, 106; William Allen, Democrat, 91; J. 
C. Collins, Liberal Republican, 2; T. Stewart, Prohibition, 9; total, 208. 

. 1875 — R. B. Hayes, Republican, 187; William Allen, Democrat, 126; 
total, 313. 

1877— William H. West, Republican, 186; R. M. Bishop, Democrat, 
131; H. A. Thompson, Prohibition, 5; total, 322. 

1879 — Charles Foster, Republican, 207; Thomas Ewing, Democrat, 148; 
G. T. Stewart, Prohibitionist, 14; total, 369. 

1881 — Charles Foster, Republican, 163; J. W. Bookwalter, Democrat, 
131; A. R. Ludlow, Prohibition, 31; total, 325. 

For President, 1876, R. B. Hayes received 208 votes; Samuel J. Tilden, 
139; total, 342. 

In 1880, James A. Garfield received 216; W. S. Hancock, 153; and the 
Greenback candidate, 2; total, 37. 

The original surveys which compose Jerome Township, their areas, origi- 
nal proprietors, surveyors and dates of survey are as follows: 

No. 419, 1,200 acres, William Brown, James Galloway, Jr., March 2, 
1807. 

No. 1,440, 1,000 acres, James Curry, James Galloway, January 21, 1807. 
No. 2,365, 666f acres, Thomas Parker, Nathaniel Massie, June 5, 1797, 
partly in Delaware County, 

No. 2,925, 6,663f acres, Beverly Roy, Nathaniel Massie, June 5, 1797. 
No. 2,990, 666 acres, John Phillips, Nathaniel Massie, June 5, 1797, 
partly in Delaware County. 

No. 2,991, 1,330 acres, John Phillips, Nathaniel Massie, June 5, 1797, 
partly in Delaware County. 

No. 3,003, 174 acres, William Crogan, Joseph Kerr, December 22, 1814 
partly in Delaware County. 

No. 3,005, 666f acres, Peter Talbot, Nathaniel Massie, June 3, 1797. 
No. 3,009, Robert Means, mostly in Franklin County. 



288 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

No. 3,014, 199 acres, H. Gilman, Nathaniel Massie, June 3, 1797, partly 
in Delaware Coucty. 

No. 3,244, 200 acres, William Annis, James Galloway, Jr., November 18, 
1807. 

No. 3,452, 650 acres, William Barksdale, James Galloway, Jr., March 18, 
1810, partly in Franklin County. 

No. 3,452, 350 acres^ William Barksdale, James Galloway, Jr., March 
1, 1810. 

No. 3,475, 410 acres, Robert Woodcock, James Galloway, Jr., December 
25, 1820. 

No. 3,484, 800 acres, Lucas Sullivant, Lucas Sullivant March 4, 1799. 

No. 3,685, 666f acres, Lucas Sullivant, Lucas Sullivant, September 18, 
1799. 

No. 3,686, 1,000 acres, Lucas Sullivant, Lucas Sullivant, September 18, 
1799. 

No. 3,743, 600 acres, Robert Means, Lucas Sullivant. September 17, 1799. 

No. 3,750, 100 acres, Thomas Snead, Lucas Sullivant, September 30, 
1799. 

No. 3,754, 400 acres, Charles Simms, Lucas Sullivant, Septeber 30, 1799. 

No. 5,126, 470 acres, Alexander Kerr, James Galloway, Jr., January 22, 
1807. 

No. 5,128, 80 acres, Alexander Kerr, James Galloway, Jr., Januarv 23, 
1807. 

No. 5,132, 600 acres, James Galloway, Jr., James Galloway, Jr., Janu- 
ary 22, 1807. 

No. 5,133, 190 acres, James Galloway, Jr., and John Goode, James Gal- 
loway, January 21, 1807. 

No, 5,134, 533f acres, John Pride, James Galloway, Jr., January 21, 
1807. 

No. 5,143, 100 acres, Terence Doren, James Galloway, Jr., January 21, 
18' 7. 

No. 5,144, 50 acres, Richard C. Anderson, James Gallowav, Jr., February 
28, 1807. 

No. 5,144, 50 acres. Richard Jones, James Galloway, Jr., February 28, 
1807. 

No. 5,162, 800 acres, Robert Means, James Galloway, Jr., March 27, 
1807, mostly in Delaware and Franklin Covinties. 

No, 5,166, 2,000 acres, Robert Means, James Galloway, Jr., March 2, 
1807. 

No. 5,167, 200 acres, James Galloway and others; James Galloway, Jr., 
February 21, 1807, partly in Madison County. 

No. 5,234, 600 acres, Robert White. James Galloway, Jr., November 18, 
1807. 

No. 5,238, 200 acres. Lucas Sullivant, James Galloway, Ji*., April 25, 
1807. 

No. 5,261, 466f acres, Henry Bidinger, James Galloway, Jr. , November 
18, 1807. 

No. 5,417, 300 acres, Nathan Lamme, James Galloway, Jr., December 21, 
1807. 

No. 5,611, 360 acres, Thomas Bayly, James Galloway, Jr., June 14, 1807. 

No. 5,724, 295 acres, John Baird, James Galloway, Jr., February 23,1808. 

No. 6,310, 280 acres, William Pelham, James Galloway, Jr., September 
10, 1809. 

No. 6,420, 346f acres, William Barlow, James Galloway, Jr., March 29, 
1810. 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. *291 

No. 6,581, 450 acres, John Galloway, James Galloway, Jr., January 12, 
1810. 

No. 6,595, 277i acres, Thomas Parker, James Galloway, Jr., March 27, 
1810. 

No. 6,596, 277^, Thomas M. Bayly, James Galloway, Jr., March 28, 1810. 

No. 6,748, 555' acres, John Anderson, James Galloway, Jr., June 7, 1810, 
mostly in Franklin County. 

No. 6,954, 320 acres, representatives of Anthony J. Dixon, James Gal- 
loway, Jr., July 9, 1811, mostly in Madison County. 

No. 7,058, 400 acres, James M. Galloway, James Galloway, Jr., April 23, 
1811. 

No. 7,073, 5261 acres, Richard I. Waters, James Galloway, Jr., April 24, 
1811. 

No. 7 074, 800 acres, John Crawford, James Galloway, Jr., April 29, 
1811. 

No. 7,181, 200 acres, Walter Dun, Walter Dun, November 17, 1811. 

No. 7,029, 38 acres, Lucas Sullivant, James Galloway, Jr., May 1, 1812. 

No. 7,390, 45 acres, John Graham, Walter Dun, August 29, 1812. 

Nos. 7,751 and 7,754, 447 acres, Walter Dun, Walter Dun, July 1, 1813, 
partly in Darby Township and Madison County. 

Nos. 7,758 and 7,830, 168 acres, John Graham and G. Scroggs, Walter 
Dun, July 21, 1813. 

Nos. 9,367 and 10,614, 149 acres. James Galloway, Jr., James Galloway, 
Jr., January 20, 1821. 

No. 9,736, 407 acres, James Galloway, Jr., Benjamin W. Ladd and 
James Barnett, James Galloway, Jr., November 18, 1818. 

No. 10,620, 51 acres, John Messenburg, James Galloway, Jr., January 
19, 1821. 

No. 10,708, 94 acres, William Sullivant, Michael L. and Joseph Sulli- 
vant, heirs of Lucas Sullivant, Matthew Bonner, September 22, 1831. 

No. 12,125, 63 acres, S. Whitehead, survey not recorded. 

For much valuable assistance kindly rendered in the preparation of 
Jerome Township history, thanks are due to Col. W. L. Curry, Robert Mc- 
Crory, Lewis C. Curry and others. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

EDAVIN G. ADAMS, deceased, was born in this township, December 26, 1841, and was a 
son of Amraon and Betsey (Converse) Adams. He was the second son of six children, two of 
whom are living. He was reare(J on the farm, and educated in the common schools. In May, 
1864, he enlisted in Company K, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Cav- 
alry, and did duty as a wagoner. After one hundred days of service, he was discharged and 
returned home. January 26, 1865, he was married to Dilla U., daughter of Frederick and Per- 
milla Parthemore, of Virginia and Pennsylvania. Mrs. Adams was born in Union Township, 
this county, November 2, 1839. One child was born to Mrs. Adams, viz., Edwin G., born De- 
cember 15, 1875. Mr. Adams departed this life June 11, 1875. He left at his death, 1391 
acres of we'^-improved and valuable land, on which his wife resides. 

T. B. ASBURY, M.D., P.O. Jerome, was born near Syracuse, N. Y., April 10,1824. His father, 
Rev. Thomas Asbury, was a native of England, where he studied and entered the ministry of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. He was a self-made man and acquired through his own diligence 
the elements of a good scholar. In 1818, he crossed the waters to America. He was a Method- 
ist itinerant and traveled on his mission from Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, all along the At- 
lantic seaboard to the Gulf, and accompanied Bishop Asbury, who was his uncle, up the Missis- 
sippi River to Fort Independence, Mo. Mr. Asbury, after laboring among the people of the 
West and suflFering the dangers of a pioneer minister's life, he came to Columbus, Ohio, and in 
1822, erected one of the first brick churches in that city. He retired from the ministry and 
died November 26, 1860, aged eighty-four years. His wife, Rachel B. Asbury, died April 10, 
1825. Dr. Asbury was the only child. He was reared to manhood in Columbus, and received 



292 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

his collegiate education in Alleghany College, of Meadville, Penn. He read medicine with Dr. 
El ward Ellis, of Meadville, and graduated from the Berkshire Medical College of Pittsfield, 
Mass., in March, 1844. He entered upon his profession in Meadville, Peun., where he practiced 
five years, and came to Frankfort (Jerome P. 0.), and remained till 1861, when he removed 
to Columbus. In 1872, he went to Worthington, and in 1880 came back to his old field of labor, 
which is now presided over by twelve physicians. March 18, 1847, he was married to Margaret 
Snowden, and by her had two children — Bishop F. and Harry R. Mrs. Asbury departed from 
this world May 2, 1871, and July 4, 1872, Mr. A. was joined in marriage with Anna, daughter 
of Isaac N. Wells, of Worthington, and has three children — Norman G., Oliver T. and an infant 
son. Mr. and Mrs. Asbury are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. A. is a prom- 
inent member'of the Masonic order. He is a member of the Central Ohio and State Medical 
Association. In the former he was Treasurer for several years. Jn politics, he is a stanch 
Republican. 

WILLIAM BIGGER, son of Samuel and Sarah Bigger, was born June 26, 1881, in Ken- 
tucky, and when three years of age removed with his parents to Greene County, 'Ohio. Married 
Nancy Bain, daughter of James and Sarah (Fleming) Bain, June 23, 1825, and unto them were 
born three daughters — Sarah, who died in infancy; Rebecca, wife of James H. Roney, and 
Mary Elizabeth, deceased wife of John T. McCuUough. Mrs. Bigger died June 14, 1834, and 
Mr. Bigger married his second wife, Nancy Law, April 14, 1835. In October, 1836, he moved 
his family to Jerome Township, Union County, where his fourth and youngest child, Joanna, 
was born. Mr. Bigger was a devout member of the Seceder, or United Presbyterian Church, in 
which he served for a number of years as Elder. In April, 1865, he moved to Springfield, 
Clark County, where he resided until the time of his death, July 6, 1879, having survived his 
second \\,ife eight years. 

LANDON BISHOP, farmer, P. 0. Jerome, was born in Loudoun County, Va., April 23, 1820. 
When four years of age, his parents, Findley and Nancy (Jones) Bishop, who were natives of 
Virginia, removed to l^ranklin County, Ohio, and three years later to Jerome Township. Mr. 
Bishop purchased 116 .icres of land and settled on it. He cleared and improved this land, and 
died February 22, 1860. Landon was reared on the homestead, and assisted his father in clear- 
ing it up. In 1845, he removed to Washington, Franklin County, and lived nine years. He re- 
turned to Jerome, and in 1855, located on the farm he now occupies. October 17, 1844, he 
married I\Iiss Jane Howey, a daughter of James and Sarah Howey. !Mrs. Bishop, a native of 
Franklin County, was born August 27, 1822. The children are as follows: McKendre, William 
F., Alma E. (wife of John M. Price), Chai-les F., Olive A. and John E. Sarah M. is deceased. 
Mr. Bishop owns a farm of 155 acres, and follows farming and raising thoroughbred Spanish 
Merino sheep. 

HENRY BROBECK, retired, P. 0. Plain City was born in Shenandoah County, Va., July 5, 
1808. He is a son of Jacob and Catharine (Cooper) Brobeck, who were natives of the same county. 
His father was a soldier in the Norfolk war, and died in Virginia at an advanced age. iMr. Brobeck 
is the second of nine children. He was reared to manhood iu his native place, and rnarried July 20, 
1830, in Frederick County, Va., to Mahala Hottle, a native of Shenandoah County, Va., and a 
daughter of David Hottle. She was born March 12, 1810. Eleven children were born to this 
union ; of these eight are living — Israel, married Jane Wooley: Susan, wife of George Arnold ; 
Mary, wife of John Arnold ; Elizabeth, wife of Isaac Frederick ; Rebecca, wife of John Mitchell : 
Sarah A., wife of Hamilton Bishop ; Abraham and John H. Mrs. Brobeck died in Steubenville, 
Ohio, and June 17, 1847, Mr. B. was joined in marriage to Julia A. Morrey, who bore him five 
children. The three living are — Joseph : Etherlinda, wife of Samuel Nunemaker, and Amanda, 
wife of James Wagner. Mr. Brobeck removed to Ohio in 1843, and settled near Steubenville. 
In 1854, he came to Jerome Township ; followed farming till 1S76, when he removed to Plain 
City, and retired. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and in politics is Demo- 
cratic. Mrs. Brobeck departed this life October 2. 1880. 

JOSEPH BROBECK. of the firm of Brobeck & Fox, merchants, P. 0. Jerome was born in 
Jefferson County, Ohio, March 16, 1848, and is a son of Henry and Julia A. Brobeck. When 
six years of age, his parents settled in this township. His early life was passed upon the farm, 
and in the district schools he received a practical education. He followed the avocation of 
farming until he engaged in his present business, which was established in December, 1877. 
In 1879, he took in as partner, Mr. Chester Fox. They carry a well-selected stock of general 
merchandise, aggregating in value about $2,000, and do an annual trade of $8,000. Mr. Bro- 
beck was married September 4, 1873, to Miss Clorinda, daughter of Henry and Sarah Fox. She 
was born in Jerome Township July 20, 1854. Two children have been born to them — Ivan, 
born February 9, 1879, and Elva Wita, July 24, 1880. Mr. Brobeck is a worthy member of 
the Independent Order of Odd Fellows; was appointed Postmaster at Jerome Post Office in 
1877. Politically, he is of Democratic pn^clivities. 

SAMUEL CARSON, farmer, P. 0. New California, was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, 
August 1, 1843; is a son of James and Jane (Lorimer) Carsim, of Ross County, Ohio. His 
father was born in 1813, and his mother in 1807. They were married in Muskingum County, 
Ohio, in 1839, and lived in that and Guernsey County till 1859, at which time they located in 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 293 

Union County. In 1864, they removed to Mahaska County, Iowa, and now live in Madison 
County, same State. Our subject is the third child of a family of five children, three of whom 
are living. He enlisted May 1, 1862, in Company C, subsequently of the One Hundred and 
Twenty-eighth Regiment. He also did garrison duty on .Johnson's Island, and June 6, 1865, 
was discharged and returned to his home, and afterward journeyed West through the Terri- 
tories, returning in 1868, and settled, where he now resides, February 11, 1868, he was mar- 
ried to Jennie A., daughter of William and Eliza Taylor. She was born in Champaign County, 
Ohio, in 1843. They have had four children, viz., Lulu, Walker, Celia and Mary. He and 
wife are members of the Presbyterian Church, in which he has been an Elder ten years. He 
owns seventy-three acres of land, and has been a member of the School Board five years. 

RICHARD CLARK, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, was born in County Armagh, Ireland, 
January 8, 1806, and is a son of Henry and Nancy (O'Neil) Clark, natives of Scotland and 
County Down, Ireland, respectively. His paternal grandparents removed to Ireland on account 
of religious troubles, and were Presbyterians in belief. Henry Clark died when our subject 
was six years old, and in 1829 or 1880, his mother removed to Manchester, England. She was 
preceded in 1823 by her son Richard, who found employment in the cotton factories, in which 
he worked twenty-three years. In June, 184'J, he came to America, and bought fifty-five acres 
of land in this township, on which he settled and lived thereon till 1872, when he located in 
Plain City. He was married in Manchester, England, in December, 1836, to Eliza Gilmore, 
daughte?r of Ross and Sarah (White) Gilmore. The former was born in England, the latter in 
Ireland, and removed to England with her parents when a child. They have three living 
children — Elizabeth, Margaret and Susan. James, a deceased son, enlisted November 26, 1861, 
in Company K, Fifty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He served under General Sherman, and 
fought at Pittsburg Landing, Corinth, and upon other fields of no lesser note. September 1, 
186-S, he was promoted to Sergeant Major, and served until he veteranized. January 4, 18C4. 
Exposure brought on sickness, and after enjoying a short furlough at home, he returned to his 
regiment and suffered a relapse, from which he died February 2-5, 1864. He was a brave and 
valiant soldier, and died from sickness caused by exposure while fighting for the perpetuity of 
his country. He was commissioned Captain of a company that had been recruited by Col. 
Smith, but it was not received until the day of his burial. The other children died as follows : 
John, died February 22, 1871 ; Sarah, July 9, 1848; Sarah (second), December 22, 1853. Mr. 
and ^Irs. Clark are very exemplary members of the Presbyterian Church. 

CHARLES S. COMSTOCK, farmer, P. 0. New California, is a son of Ruggles and Eliza- 
beth (Gilson) Comstock. His father was born in Connecticut February 18, 1807, and his 
mother in Massachusetts, February 9, 1809. They were married in the latter State, October 1, 
1834, and in 1836 settled in Franklin County, Ohio, where they lived till 1863, when they came 
to this township, in which they bought 103 acres of land. His grandfither, David Comstock, 
was born in Connecticut, where he died ; his grandmother, Nancy (Sessions) Comstock, was 
born in Massachusetts. His father, when a young man, worked in a factory twenty years. 
Since coming here he has followed farming exclusively. He is the father of three children, 
two of whom are living, viz., Jennie and Charles S. Our subject enlisted June 27, 1861, in Company 
E, Forty -sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served in the Fifteenth Army Corps under Gen. 
Sherman, and was in the battle of Shiloh. The exposure of army life impaired his health and 
he came home on furlough, and not recovering sufficiently he was honorably discharged. Feb- 
ruary 13, 1873, he was married to Amanda F. daughter of John and Margaret (Tate) Mc- 
Campbell, who was born in Jerome Township June 29, 1839. Four children have been born 
to them, three of whom are living, viz. Fay E., Emma T. and Edith S.; an infant son, deceased. 
He owns 25 acres and has charge of 129 acres of well-improved land. 

NELSON CONE, farmer, P. 0. New California, was born in Jefferson County, N. Y., April 
SO, 1808. His parents, Daniel and Ruth (Kicli) Cone, were natives of Middlesex County, Conn. 
The former was born in March, 1768, and the latter in Mai'ch, 1771. They were married in 
1790, and removed to New York in 1806, thence to Susquehanna County, Penn., in 1812, and four 
years later (1816) to Union Township, Union County, where they resided till 1824, and removed 
to Madison County. Mr. Cone died in November, 1847, aged eighty years. He was a soldier 
in the war of 1812, and his father, Elisha Cone, and eldest son, enlisted at the beginning of the 
Revolutionary war, and served as private till its close. In 1837, Mr. Cone, the father of our 
subject, moved and settled in Whitley County, Ind., where he died. Mrs. Cone's death took 
place in May, 1849. They had ten childien, four of whom are living, viz.: Martha, widow of 
Chester Dodge, now of Oswego, N. Y., aged ninety; Thomas R., of Yellow Springs, Ohio, aged 
eighty-five; Nelson, the subject of this sketch, and Alma, widow of David Hayden, now of Whit- 
ley County, Ind. Nelson grew to manhood on a farm. At the age of twenty, he took up the sad- 
dlery and harness-making trade, in Westville, Champaign County, and has followed it, more or 
less, up to the present time. In 1831, he came to Jerome Township, and, in April of the suc- 
ceeding year, located on the farm where he now resides. November 22, 1831, he was married 
to Miss Louisa Curry, a daughter of Col. James Curry, and a native of Highland County, Ohio, 
where she was born July 25, 1807. Of nine cliildren by this union, six are now living, as fol- 
lows: James C, Stephenson B., Daniel R., Albert H., Thomas and Louisa. Stephenson B., 



294 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Otway B. and Robert S. are deceased. Mr. Cone served on the Board of County Commissioners 
six years. He was the first commissioned Commissioner of Union County. He also acted in the 
capacity of Justice of the Peace nine years, and as Township Trustee four years. Mr. Cone owns 
176 acres of land, most of which he cleared and improved. 

HENRY CROTINGER, farmer, P. 0. New California, a native of the Keystone State, and a 
eon of Peter and Margaret (Rhodes) Crotinger, was born February 27, 1820. His father, a na- 
tive of Maryland, was born January 8, 1780: and his mother, of Pennsylvania, April 30, 1786. 
They married, and, in 1827, migrated and settled in Licking County, Ohio, thence to Knox 
County in 1829. Three years later Mr. C. and family came to Union County, and located a farm 
near Frankfort, where he died in October, 1861. Mrs. C.'s death took place January 29, 1873. 
They had born to them thirteen children, s-ix of whom are now living. The subject of this 
sketch is the eldest son. He passed his early life on the farm, and, for an education, enjoyed 
only the advantages of the common schools. In 1845, he went to Mason County, 111., but re- 
mained only a short time, and returned. May 15, 1846, he was married to Miss Catharine, 
daughter of .John and Sarah McKittrick, and a native of Licking County, where she was born 
November 15, 1830. This marriage was blessed with ten children; of these, nine are now living 
— Sarah E., wife of Luther Hutchinson ; Chester, Martha V., Albert 0., Diadama, wife of William 
Ellison; Olive J., William H. and John E. Mary E. is deceased. Mr. Crotinger bought a small 
farm of sixty acres, on which he resided till 1867, when he made the purchase of his present 
farm of 140 acres. He has improved most of this farm since he took possession of it. Mr. Cro- 
tinger is a good farmer and respected citizen. 

JAMES CURRY. 

JAMES CURRY, the subject of this biographic sketch, was born near Belfast, IreUnd, 
January 29, 1752. He was the first born child of James Curry, a prosperous Irish farmer of 
County Antrim. His mother's maiden name was Warwick, showing an English origin en her 
side of the family. Her relatives were prominent in England, during Cromwell's time, siding 
with the great commoner, and one of them, a Capt. Warwick, was among the number shot 
to death afier the restoration. Very little is known, however, of tlie far-off lady, not even her 
given name. We only know that she was a Warwick ; that she was of Protestant stock ; that 
she was married to .James Curry, near Belfast, about the year 1750 ; that before leaving Ireland 
she bcre her husband five children, two sons and three daughters; that after reaching America, 
and settling with her husband in Virginia, she bore him four additional children, three daughters 
and one son ; that at the close oF the Revolutionary war, the removed with her husband to the 
neighborhood of Paris, Ky., and there, some years after, died at the age of ninety-three. The 
Protestants of the North of Ireland were and are to this day an educated people, cultivated, 
prosperous, tolerant, and the inference (which is supported by tradition) is that her family was 
a superior one. Certainly she inherited from it sterling; virtues, and received a liberal educa- 
tion, which were in turn bestowed upon her own children. 

Of James Curry, her husband, the father of the subject of this sketch, we know about as 
little. It has been claimed that his ancestors entered Britain with the Normans, at the time of 
the conquest, but an excellent authority asserts that the Currys are of pure Celtic stock, and 
owe their origin solely to the Irish of pre-historic days. The Scotch and Welsh are of the same 
race, and so were the ancient Britons. Ireland is honey-combed with Currys, and while they 
are generally of the middle-class, plain, well to-do citizens, there are in the Counties Cavan and 
Fermanah, castles or their remains which were once the abode of nobles of the name, Lords 
Belmone and Lowry Curry, and Lord Clon Curry. Many towns bear the name, such as Tul)er- 
curry, Rathcurry, etc. From time immemorial almost, these families have had large lamled 
possessions in the counties named, and iia fact all over Ireland the name, either spelled wiih a 
u, or an o, is as plentiful as Smith in this country. 

The immediate family of this James Curry, were Irish Presbyterians, thiifty, doubtless, and 
intelligent, for they had so educated their son that he, in turn, had before quitting Ireland be- 
gan to prepare his son (the subject of this sketch) for the ministry. It is well known, indeed, 
that Col. James Curry had been in early childhood marked for the holy calling, had begun his 
studies to that end, and had had, according to a custom of that place and day, his hair cropped 
and his head adorned with a wig, in token of the life he had been ordained to lead. But a far 
dili'erent career was in store for the young novitiate. When but ten years of age, his father's 
thoughts were turned to the New World, then as now the l.iand of Promise for struggling Irish- 
men. The family accordingly embarked at Belfast for America, on board the ship " Good Re- 
turn," some time in 1762. A large colony accompanied, including several brothers with their 
families and other relatives. The ship was a stanch and fist sailer, which had once made the 
voyage in five weeks' time, but this trip she had been overloaded, so that what with head winds 
and counter-currents, her passage across the Atlantic was prolonged to fifteen weeks. Disease, 
starvation and death meanwhile made sad havoc among the passengers and crew. The greater 
part died and were buried at sea, among them the four youngest cliildren of James Curry. The 
ship finally made Philadelphia, and the James Curry family stepped ashore with but three, where 
seven should have been in number. The family seems then to have at once started with other 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 295 

relatives for Virginia ; one of the brothers went, howeTcr, to Pennsylvania, and one, from which 
the f^imous Methodist divine, Rev. Dr. Curry, is descended, settled in New York. But it is only 
with .James Curry's family that this sketch is concerned. Going to the neighborhood of Staun- 
ton, in Augusta County, Va., the emigrant, .James Curry, with his Warwick wife and one son, 
James, thea ten years of age, settled down to a planter's life. This removal to Augusta County 
is supposed to have been made very soon after landing at Philadelphia. It may have been later, 
however, and if so, where the family lived meanwhile is unknown. The land records at Rich- 
mond, Va , contain the name of James Curry as a patentee for a large body of land " on both 
sides of the North River of Shenandoah," dated April 6, 17fi9. If this patent was issued to 
James Curry, the emigrant, its date may fix the time of his settlement in Virginia, though of course 
he could have lived there for several years prior thereto. And then, again, it may have issued to 
his son, James Curry (of whom we write), who was at the time seventeen years of age. 

or James Curry, Sr., we only know further, that, after settling in Virginia, there were born to 
him four children— Susan, Rebecca, Polly and John. That after the close of the Revolutionary 
war, he removed to the neighborhood of Paris, Ky., where, at an advanced age, he died and was 
buried. 

Some of his children, certainly John, accompanied him into Kentucky, others among them. 
James, the subject of this sketch remained in Virginia. Of the sisters and the brother of Col. 
Curry, it may be briefly stated that Susan married Rev. William Erwin, and removed to what is 
now the State of Indiana, where her descendants now live; and Rebecca married John Erwin, 
whose descendants now reside in the southern part of Union County; Polly, married Wallace 
Harmonson, whose descendants live in Iowa and Texas ; John, married Ann McConnell, and 
both he and his wife lived and died in Kentucky. 

Some time after, a daughter, who had married a Mr. Thornton, becoming widowed, removed to 
Hanover, Ind., having in charge a much younger sister, Anna R. (whom she had indeed raised), to- 
gether with several children of her own. These children, girls, were married, one to a Rev. Mr. 
Rice, one to a Mr. James Gardner, one to a Mr. Andrews, and Anna R., to a Rev. Mr. Mills. 
They all, except Anna R. and her husband, now live in California. 

Returning to Col. James Curry — whose name and memory this article is intended to perpetu- 
ate—it is known that, having lived and worked on a farm with his father for several years after 
landing at Philadelphia, te at the age of fourteen began teaching a .school in the neighborhood, 
showing that the foundation for his intended ministerial life had been pretty well laid in the 
old country, since there could have been few opportunities for study opened to him after reach- 
ing America. Thus employed— summers working the farm, and winters teaching — the lad grew 
into manhood, strong of limb and vigorous of intellect, when a call having been made by Lord 
Dunmore, then Governor of Virginia, for volunteers to suppress the Indians who were massacre- 
ing the white settlers of the Ohio River frontier, at the age of twenty-two, he took his first step 
as°a soldier, enlisting as a private at Staunton. His company was finally assigned to one of the 
regiments which made up the force of 1,500 men, with which Gen. Andrew Lewis made a toil- 
some journey across the mountains and rendezvoused, under orders to await a junction with 
Lord Dunmore at Point Pleasant, where the Kanawha enters the Ohio River. Here occurred the 
famous battle of Point Pleasant, where the whites, though at heavy loss, were victorious— a battle 
which put an end to the conflict known in history as Cresap's War, and which led some weeks 
after to the noted council with the Indians near Chillicothe, in which the Mingoe chief, Logan, 
arraigned the whites in a burst of scathing eloquence. Of thi^i battle Col. Curry's recollections 
were°most vivid. The morning of October 10, 1774, as the little army lay in camp, on the point 
of land made by the junction of the Ohio and Kanawha Rivers, awaiting the coming of Lord 
Dunmore, an immense body of Indians under command of the chief. Cornstalk, crept upon it, 
and by daylight a bloody conflict was in progress. The historic account of this fight is of course 
familiar to all, and need not be repeated. Suffice to say that Col. Cuny's often-told story of the 
battle, agreed in the main with the published accounts. The whites themselves adopted the 
Indian's tactics and took to the trees for shelter, thus reducing the battle as it were, to a sort of 
duel between individuals, the combatants fighting each o'her to the death of one, and then turn- 
ing to engage another. In this manner the desperate struggle continued from daylight to sunset, 
until the Indians finally, under the impression that the white were being re-enforced, fled to the 
north bank of the Ohio. Young Curry was closely engaged throughout the greater part of the 
day, using now one tree, now another for cover, and doubtless sent many a daring brave to his 
long home. Toward evening, however, becoming too ventursome, he was himself shot through 
the right elbow by an unseen foe, while in the act of leveling his gun at his immediate antagonist. 
Falling down amongst the roots of the large elm tree, behind which he had been fighting, he lay 
concealed till the close of the battle. One of his stories of the day, told in after years with much 
glee, was that when the surgeon came to dress his wound, he a.sked if it would be hurtful to 
drink a glass of wine? To which it was replied, " Not if he drank it with the surgeon! " This 
■wound of course ended his fighting for the time, and threw him amongst the invalids, and 
to the rear and homeward, when Gen. Lewis afterward crossed the Ohio in pursuit of the 
Indians. 

Reaching home, the young soldier went again to work upon his i>ither' s ftir m , having sufficiently 
recovered from his wound, though he could never after lift a cup of water or coffee to his lips 
^ith that rieht arm. 



296 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

But stiri'ing times were impeuding. The colonists, restive and maddened under British op- 
pression, had already in their legislative bodies inaugurated the Revolution. These Irish immi- 
grants had no more love for England then than have the same class of men to day, and it may 
be well supposed that the Currys espoused the cause of the colonists, and not alone from motives 
of patriotism. It is remembered that the elder Curry was an untiring and powerful advocate of 
the patriot's cause, and when at length the blow was struck, his son James required no urging 
to take part in the conflict. He was then a young man of twenty-four, strong and active, and 
not unused to the duties of a soldier. His campaign to the Indian country, and experience at 
Point Pleasant two years before, had been good schooling for him, and we find that very soon 
after being enrolled, he was named a Lieutenant in the Eighth Virginia Regiment, Continential 
Establishment. It is not known exactly what time the young soldier began service, however, 
though we do know the date of his Lieutenant's commission. A statement of his account with 
the United States Government up to December 31, 1781 (hereafter shown in the fac simile), fixes 
the beginning of his Lieutenancy at .June 24, 1777, yet he must have been for some months be- 
fore a private, or non-commissioned officer ; however, has served as a Lieutenant in the Eighth 
Virginia, until September 23, 1779, when he was commissioned as a Captain in the Fourth Vir- 
ginia, and so served doubtless until the close of the war. During the greater part of this service, 
he was on staff duty, most of the time at the headquarters of Col. Nathaniel Gist. Winters he 
was usually detailed as a recruiting officer at Staunton, summers always in the field with his 
chief. 

With the scanty authority at command (and it may be stated that a great public library has 
been assiduously, but vainly searched), it is impossible to fix accurately the part taken by the 
Eighth and Fourth Virginia Regiments in the war. It is known, however, that Col. Curry him- 
self was at the battle of Brandywine, on the 11th of September, 1777, the first general engage- 
ment between the American forces under Gen. Washington's immediate command and the British. 
He was indeed with the army under Washington through the whole of the disastrous fall 
campaign of 1777. He participated in the famous battle of Germantown October 4, 1777, and 
was often heard to recite the stirring incidents of that engagement. A memorandum in the 
hand writing of the late Otway Curry, his son, describing evidently in Col. Curry's own words 
the part taken by himself in the battle, may be of interest. 

" After Brandywine, the two armies caiue in close contact at the White House, but our forces 
crossed the river higher up and encamped at the Eighteen Mile Stone. During our stay at this 
place, we distinctly heard the cannonading at Mud Fort, and heard also the explosion of the 
Augusta. The Commanding General having determined to attack the British forces at German- 
town, issued a general order for the encouragement of the troops, wherein was displayed, in 
glowing colors, the recent success of the Northern army under Gates, at Saratoga. About dusk 
the whole force was in motion, moving d^-ectly on Germantown, which was situated on the main 
road to Philadelphia. Unavoidable delays, occasioned by the ammunition wagons and artillery, 
together with the fatigues of a night march, so far overcame the watchfulness of the troops that 
many of the files were actually dozing, and would have halted and slept upon their feet, had it 
not been for the impulse given them by other files immediately succeeding them. Still farther 
inconvenience was experienced on account of the road being in many places obstructed by shal- 
low pools of water. The advancing platoons filed otf to right and left for the purpose of pass- 
ing with dry feet, a movement which could not be accomplished without considerable delay. 
On being acquainted with this circumstance. Gen. Washington rode hastily forward and ad- 
dressed the officers personally, ' Gentlemen, Officers, I call upon you to exert yourselves. If 
you keep filing around every mud-puddle in this manner, when shall we reach the enemy? ' 
The effect of this laconic address was very salutary. Officers and privates went forward by 
common consent with a quicker and firmer step. There was no more going around the puddles, 
obstacles were unheeded, and there seemed to be no feeling but to reach the British quarters in 
the quickest time possible. 

'' About daybreak the advance came upon the picket guard of the enemy at Chestnut Hill, 
which retreated precipitately, after discharging a field piece to giA'e the alarm to the main body. 
After a short but rapid pursuit, we found ourselves suddenly confronted by the British lines at 
Germantown, and in a few moments the random firing, which had been previously kept up, was 
succeeded by an almost unremitted crash of small arms and artillery, along the whole extent of 
the contending armies. The morning was darkened by a heavy fog, which blended with the 
smoke of the firing, had became so thick that we were unable to distinguish the British uniform 
at twenty paces, and were only assured of their locality by the streams of fire emitted from their 
pieces, which were leveled toward us. The enemy very soon gave way, and were unable to 
make a decided stand until nearly noon, when they were re-enforced by a strong detachment 
from Philadelphia, under the command of Lord CornAvallis. Our troops being imperfectly dis- 
ciplined and flushed with success, were unfortunately in disorder at this critical juncture, and 
were in consequence, though not until after a hard struggle, forced literally to retreat from vic- 
tory. We were pursued by the enemy a distance of two or three miles, until we attained a 
favorable position on some rising ground, from whence we were enabled to check their progress 
by a few discharges of artillery. The retreat was then continued some distance beyond the 
former encampment." 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 297 

It is a matter of history that Washington was forced to make this battle, which ended in 
defeat, by public clamor, and against liis better judgment. 

The army of Washington engaged in no more battles that fall, and as winter approached 
went into camp at Valley Forge. The suiferings of this camp were often alluded to by Col. 
Curry, the historical descriptions of which are familiar to all. 

The evacuation of Philadelphia by the British, under Sir Henry Clinton, June 18, 1778, 
opened the campaign of that year. Washington put his army in motion, and following the re- 
treating British, attacked them at Monmouth, N. J., June ^8. It was a drawn battle, as history 
tells, nevertheless the British, fearing to risk a second day's engagement, stole away in the night, 
and by daybreak were beyond pursuit. It was here that Gen. Washington so severely arraigned 
Gen. Lee for the disorderly retreat of his troops. Col. Cnrry was within hearing, and distinctly 
remembering, was often heard to repeat the stinging words of the great commander. Riding 
up to Lee, he said: "Sir, what means this disorderly retreat ? " " Sir, your raw militia cannot 
cope with the British regulars," replied Lee. " You have not ti-ied them," said Washington, 
and wheeling his horse rallied the flying columns. Then turning to Lee, he asked, "Will you 
command?" "Yes," exclaimed the discomfited officer, "and I will not be the first to leave the 
field." Neither was he, but for the rest of the day carried his troops valiantly through the 
hottest of the fight. 

Col. Curry remained with the army in the field until the winter following, when he was de- 
tailed for the recruiting service, and stationed at Staunton. In the spring he returned to the 
army and was on active staif duty, following the fortunes of the army of Washington throughout 
the year. The winter of 1779 found him again at Staunton as a recruiting officer. Again in the 
spring of 1780 we find him in the field,and as active operations were this year transferred to theCar- 
olinas, his experiences were uneventful. The following winter he was again at Staunton, recruit- 
ing men, but he seems to have returned early to the army, for he was one of the 700 veteran 
Virginians detached and ordered to the relief of Gen. Lincoln, who was defending Charleston, 
S. C. Col. Curry's story of the march to the succor of that beleaguered city is remembered as of 
thrilling interest. The column started from Philadelphia in February, 1781. The snow was the 
deepest that had ever been known, and wa^ badly drifted. It was crusted over, however, as to 
uphold horses and wagons, and Avas so deep that artillery even could be hauled over the tops of 
the fences. But in low places and along the streams wagons and artillery were constantly 
breaking through, entailing the hardest work to get them again onto solid snow. Reaching the 
neighborhood of Charleston, they were taken into small boats in an endeavor to enter the city 
by water at night ; they had a sorry time, however, drifting about in the harbor, frequently 
losing sight of the city's lights, and were finally compelled to board a French vessel, and remain 
till morning. Col. Curry was never weary telling of that night's adventures in Charleston Har- 
bor. Among other things, he used to repeat the go-^d French Captain's words of encourage- 
ment, " The English can no possible take Charleston." But they did take it, nevertheless ; the 
next morning, April 7, 1781, they rowed into the city, entering it just two days before the 
British blockading squadron closed the harbor. Two days more and they would have 
been spared the consequences of Gen. Lincoln's surrender, for they could not have passed the 
cordon of British troops which forbade a land approach. For more than a month the beleag- 
uered Americans defended themselves, with heroic fortitude, soldiers and citizens combated 
every British approach, but were finally on the 12th of May compelled to succumb. The capit- 
ulation put the American troops on parole as prisoners of war, and for some months Col. Curry was 
compelle 1 to a life of inactivity. During the siege, the Colonel was severely wounded in the 
hand by the bursting of a shell. After the surrender, the American officers were treated with 
much distinction by their British captors. An incident, often related by Col. Curry, exhib- 
its the wonderful agility of the man at this time, and the dexterity to which he had arrived in 
the use of the sword. 

Out walking one day in the environs of the city, accompanied by a party of British officers, 
a rabbit was espied. Drawing his sword he made^a plunge, and spitting the unfortunate animal, 
turned, and with a polite bow, extended it to the principal officer of the party. 

While lying at Charlestown, he figured, too, in an aflair of honor, no less than a duel, be- 
tween his chief. Gen. Nathaniel Gist (for whom he was a second), and Gen. Wade Hampton, an- 
cestor of the celebiated South Carolinian, now bearing that name. But one shot was fired and 
the matter was settled without bloodshed. 

His account of the duel, as well as of another in which he was one time during the war a 
second, is well remembered. In the other affair, he supported a Capt. Kirkpatrick, a fiery Irish 
officer, who engaged a Capt. McCook. 

In this encounter Capt. McCook was severely wounded, and so hot was the contest that a 
tragedy was barely avoided. Duels in those days were, however, of frequent occurrence amongst 
officers, and Col. Curry seemed never to attach much importance to the part he had playel in 
the two referred to. 

From the surrender of Charleston, even the principal points in the military career of Col. 
Curry are involved in doubt. The length of time he was on parole as a prisoner of war is un- 
certain, but it is a family tradition that it was for fourteen months, during which time he " was 



298 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

not to cross any river, bay, or arm of the sea, nor to go farther than five miles into the country." 
On the other hand, it is claimed that the young otBcer was early exchanged and was in the fall 
following at the siege of Yorktown, October 19, 1781. Certainly G*n. Lincoln was there, as 
was most of the army which had been humiliated the May before in South Carolina. ]5ut 
whether at Yorktown or not, he was in the service until the close of the war, and is thought to 
have been with Washington when the great leader made his triumphant entry into New York 
City, November 25, 1783. The term of Col. Curry's service is furthermore fixed beyond dis- 
pute by the wording of an old land patent, dated March 16, 1816, and signed by James Madi- 
son, President. 

This patent recites that " in consideration of military service performed by James Curry, a 
captain (sic) for six months more than six years, to the United States in the Virginia line, on 
Continental establishment ****** there is granted by the United States unto the 
said James Curry, etc." 

The fall and winter of 1783 wound up the war of the Revolution, the British evacuating New 
York and quitting the ountry the day of Washington's entry. The 4th of December following, 
the commander-in-chief took farewell of his officers and went to Annapolis, where Congress was 
in session, where December 28, he resigned his commission. 

About this time. Col. Curry's commission must have expired, or he had been mustered out 
of the service, as it is known that he was in Staunton a good part of the winter of 1783-84. He 
had served his country valiantly and well through the long and bloody struggle for independ- 
ence, and at the close we find him returned to the avocations of peace, among the foremost of 
his countrymen shaping and administering the laws of the newly unfranchised country. 

Concluding our necessarily imperfect and meager history of Col. Curry's military career, 
we are happily able to present a fac simile of a statement of his account with the Unite 1 States 
during a portion of his service. It is on a great sheet of old-time paper, yellow with age (it 
must have been written in 1782), and strikingly exhibits in its careful ruling, its regular columns, 
and beautifully shaped characters, the methodic habits of the man, and theexpertness with which 
he could, when required, handle the pen. It will be noticed that his calculations were in 
pounds, shillings and pence, and. as indication of the worthless condition to which the currency 
of the colonies was then reduced, it should be observed that his second column of figures on 
each page is a showing of the true values of the moneys handled, being but two per cent of the 
whole. Unlike most accounting officers these times, it will be noticed, too, that Col. Curry was 
a creditor of the Government he had been serving, having a balance in his favor of some hun- 
dreds of pounds. 

At Staunton, he filled several important civil offices, amongst others. Clerk of the Court of 
Augusta County. He was then thirty-one years of age, in the prime of intellectual and physica 
vigor, and, having rendered conspicuous military services, was entitled to and received the un- 
bounded confidence of the people of that county. 

The 20th day of November, 1784, he was married near Staunton to the daughter of a Capt. 
Robert Burns (then deceased), who had been an honored officer in the Pennsylvania line 
throughout the war. His home had been at Charlottesville, N. C, where this daughter was born 
10th October, 1768. She v/as a beautiful young girl when married to Col. Curry, scarcely more 
than half her husband's age, but well educated and of unusual strength of character; and she 
was simple Mary Burns when married, but the name did not please her husband and it was 
agreed that it should be changed to Maria. But this did not fully satisfy the ardent man, and 
his young wife was finally persmded to answer to the name of Maria Magdalene, by which she 
was ever after known. The child had been, during the war, a great deal with her father, who, 
it seems, was an officer of one of the departments of supplies, stationed at many different 
points. She had thus, though but a mere child, been an eye witness of many of the stirring 
scenes of the Revolution, and, in after years, recounted with an unfailing memory the numerous 
thrilling incidents of her army experience. She was a great reader, especially of poetry, and, 
among all her favorites in the latter years of her life, none stood so high as Robert Burns, with 
whose family her own was understood to be connected. She was tall of person, and finely 
formed, her hair luxuriant and dark brown, and her eyes a beautiful blue. She had a ttineful 
voice of winning sweetness, ani must have been withal a charming, handsome woman indeed. 
She had, too, an extraordinary memory, and could repeat, as she often did to her children, her 
favorite poets by the hour. Then she was ever telling her children old stories and fairy tales, 
and the venerable Mrs. Martha, Boal Taylor, of Columbus, who lived in her childhood on an ad- 
joining farm, remembers that it was her supreme delight to get an evening at Mrs. Curry's fire- 
side, and listen to her wonderful accounts of the land of elfs. The late Otway Curry was never 
weary talking of this mother of his, whose poetic heart had instilled into his own sucti a love 
of the beautiful and true. She it was who first turned his eyes to the glory of the starry heav- 
ens, and taught him the names of the constellations, and she it was who guided his early lisp- 
ing tongue to put sweet thoughts and beautiful words into rhythm and rhyme. 

Her transition from the life of ease and comfort to which she had been accustomed in Vir- 
ginia to the wilderness of Ohio must have been a sad trial, but it is in evidence that she accept- 
ed her lot, and shared with her husband and children the discomforts of a pioneer cibin cour- 



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JEROME TOWNSHIP. 301 

ageously and uncomplainingly. She died January 10, 1826, on the farm in Jerome Township 
which her husband had settled in 1811. 

But to resume in connected form a narrative of the life of Col. Curry. We find that after 
marriage he lived for a year in Staunton, and here the first child of the happy couple was born, 
a boy, whom they named Robert Burns, in honor of the young mother's dead father. This 
child was born November 2, 1785, dying when grown to manhood, December 7, 1805, at his 
father's home, in the new State of Ohio. The year 1785 Col. Curry moved to Rockingham C. 
H., afterward called Harrisonburg, county seat of the newly made county of Rockingham. He 
engaged in merchandising in this new home, and held the while several offices of trust, both civil 
and military. He was, amongst other things. Brigade Inspector of the Seventh Brigade, a 
salaried position of much importance. It was his duty to attend each place of muster, and 
"superintend the exercise" of the troops. In this connection, a very interesting paper, in the 
hands of W. L Curry, signed by Brig. Gen. Isaac Zane, exists, directing " Major" James Curry 
to attend for the purpose of "superintending the exercises" of the regiments, the several mus- 
tering places named, Woodstock, Cunningham's Mill, Harrisonburg and Staunton. It is dated 
September 26, 1794. 

Here a half-sister of his wife, a daughter of her father's second marriage, Peggy, was 
married about the year 1798, to one Jewitt Gamble, to whom numerous children were born — 
children whose descendants are to-day scattered all through the South. This Jewitt Gamble was a 
brother of Robert Gamble, one of Staunton's leading merchants of that day, a man who after- 
ward removed to Richmond, and became one of the heaviest business men of that city and im- 
mensely wealthy. He married Letitia, a daughter of Gen. .lames Breckenridge, and left two 
sons, one of whom became Governor of Florida and the other of ISIissouri. One of his daughters 
married William Wirt, one Chancellor Harper, of South Carolina, and one AV. H. Cabill, Gover- 
nor of Virginia. 

In Harrisonburg, Col. Curry greatly prospered, and here his second child, James A., was born, 
March 30, 1787, who, coming with his parents into Union County, lived to a ripe old age and 
died March 1, 1874. And here was born a son, Otway, March 30, 1789, who died when but 
three years old. Here, too, was born Harriet, their first girl child, who died an infant, in her 
second year. Here, too, was born Harriet Smith, April 3, 1793, who came with her parents to 
Ohio, was married to James Buck, and died in Union County August 10, 1845. 

In the fall of 1797, Col. Curry determined to remove to the territory of Ohio, in which the 
State of Virginia had reserved an immense tract of land for the use of her soldiers in the war 
of the Revolution. It was the soldier's ultima thule, and glowing accounts of its vast reaches of 
forest and alluvial bottom lands having reached Virginia, thither flocked the men of war, with 
their families and friends, in rapidly increasing numbers. Selling his property. Col. Curry 
with his little family safely sheltered in a great wagon drawn by five horses, started October 5, 
1797. for his long journey over the mountains of Virginia. Reaching Morganstown on the 
Monongahela Paver, he embarked on a flat-boat and made the remainder of the journey down 
that stream and the Ohio, and to the confines of the territory of his destination by water. 

This voyage was very tedious, some six months having been consumed in making it, and 
very hazardous. The winter of 1797-98 was a hard one, tUe rivers full of ice and floating trees, 
so that very often the devoted family thought themselves doomed to destruction. However, the 
mouth of the Scioto River was finally entered, and after weeks of contest against its angry cur- 
rent, the wanderers at length reached what was afterward known as High Bank Prairie, Ross 
County, landing April 1, 1798. Here Col. Curry erected his first house, a cabin without door, 
floor, or window, in which he lived for two years. He then removed to the present site'of 
Greenfield, Highland County, where, for eleven years, he lived and cultivated the land. Here 
three children were born — Stephenson, December 3, 1801, who died in Union County, April 2, 
1861 ; Otway, March 26, 1804, who died in Marysville February 15, 1855 ; and Louisa, July 21, 
1807, who came with her parents to Union County, where she married Nelson Cone and still 
lives. The settlement at Greenfield was a prosperous and healthy one, numbering some 200 
souls; and during the whole of Col. Curry's residence there, not a physician lived in the place. 
The nearest doctor was at Chillicoihe, twenty miles away, and when sickness did occur. Col. 
Curry was always called upon for prescriptions. He was surgeon, too, for broken limbs and fract- 
ured bones, but it is not recorded that he ever undertook to amputate an offending member. 

Col. Curry held but one office, we believe, while living in Highland County, that of Brigade 
Inspector. His service as an oflScer in the Revolutionary army was, of course, well known, and 
he had been often urged to take a part in military matters, but had steadily refused. Duncan 
Mc Arthur had been for a long time the Inspector, but had, for some reason, become unpopular, 
when, one general muster (1806 probably), it was decided to oust him. An ofiicer named 
Christian Platter said, " Let's elect a man who has some sense," whereupon the voters, with one 
single exception, cast their ballots for Col. Curry (McArthur getting just one vote), who had, at 
once, though protesting and unwilling, to take the office. McArthur, who had before this been 
a frequent visitor and an industrious reader of the Colonel's ample library of books, never 
agiin entered Col. Curry's door. At the next election, Col. Curry peremptorily refused, and 
Gen. McArthur was again given the place. In this connection an amusing story is told. 



302 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Mc Arthur was so elated that he broke in three barrels of whisky, inviting the boys to help 
themselves as they desired and be happy. A grand old carousal, worthy the time and the men, 
followed. Col. Curry's horse got loose, and going home, warned the family to send for its 
master. His son, James A., started immediately, and midway met a man named Hamilton, 
drunk and happy. He was sober enough, however, to declare that the " muster was over; that 
it had been a glorious time; that there had been a great outpouring of spirit, and that over 300 
souls were down !" 

Col. Curry brought with him warrants for many thousand acres of land, issued for military 
services. He had also a warrant for 9,000 acres issued because of money paid into the treas- 
ury of the State of Virginia. The military warrants were variously laid, portions in what is 
now Ross and Highland and Fayette Counties, Ohio, one of a thousand acres in Southwestern 
Kentucky, and in 1807, one of a thou sand acres (Survey No. 1,440) in what is now Jerome Town- 
ship, Union County. Other warrants were intrusted to a man by the name of Harrod, the 
founder of Harrodsburg, Ky., and lost. 

The treasury warrant was never laid. The old Colonel had too much land, so he kept this 
warrant to look at, satisfied and doubtless gratified to think that some day his grandchildren 
could use and enjoy it. But alas for the uncertainty of human calculations, after his death, the 
warrant fell into the hands of Silas G. Strong, was lost and never recovered. Years afier, when 
the matter came to be investigated, the State of Virginia was found to have no lands left upon 
which a warrant could be laid, and as the United States Government could never be persuaded 
to father the treasury land debts of the mother of States, that 9,000-acre principality was found 
to be eternally gone. Nevertheless, the writer was once told in Richmond that the State had 
doubtless a good many mountain peaks yet untaken, whereon the warrant or its re-issue might 
be laid. 

The year 1811, Col. Curry removed himself and family to the Jerome Township land. His 
son, James A., had, in company with a man by the name of Joseph Bell, gone up the winter be- 
fore and made a clearing on the place now owned by W. W. Cutry, and a man named Call had 
cleared a portion of the present farm of John Nonemaker, and erected a cabin. In the Call 
cabin Col. Curry began life in a wilderness for the third time. The country was practically un- 
settled, only a few houses being scattered along the Darby, and Indians were everywhere. The 
savages were far from being peacebly disposed, and as the war with England of 1812 was im- 
pending, the most serious consequences to the family of Col. Curry were feared, as the result of 
his rash removal to the wilds of Madison County. Illustrative of the dangers then supposed to 
attend such a residence, an old letter addressed "Col. James Curry, Madison County, Ohio, to 
the care of Mr. Cadwalader Wallace, Chillicothey," is a point. This letter, postmarked Harri- 
sonburg, Va., February 16, 1813, bears the following request : " Mr. Wallace will oblige Alex 
Herring (the writer), by forwarding this to Col. Curry, as it is probable he has moved from his 
residence in Madison County, for fear of the Indians." The Colonel, nevertheless, had not re- 
moved from his newly made home, where the letter finally reached him. But the family had 
many flights, and not a few thrilling adventures. An experience of unusual interest is narrated 
elsewhere, when the brave mother, arming her two children, Stephenson and Otway, made 
ready to defend her little home against savage assault. In this home and on this farm, now 
owned, as stated, by John Nonemaker, Col. James Curry lived the remainder of his days. The 
territory was then Madison County, and the Colonel was no sooner well located than his fellow- 
citizens returned him to the Legislature of the State, representing the district composed of 
Delaware and Madison Counties. This was for the session of 1812-18, when the capital was at 
Chillicothe. The nomination was altogether unexpected, and of course unsolicited. As proof 
of this, Mr. James Cone, of Jerome, remembers reading, when a chunk of a boy, a letter, dated 
at Delaware, and signed by a committee, stating that a convention of citizens had without con- 
sulting him, presumed to place his name at the head of their ticket. The letter ended by say- 
ing tbat they hoped he would feel free to give his influence in favor of the ticket so nominated. 
In wonderful contrast this to the modern way of procuring candidates for office. The succeed- 
ing winter, that of 1813-14, the Colonel was again sent to represent the district, the Legisla- 
ture again meeting in Chillicothe. This session (or possibly the one before) the new capital, 
Columbus was projected, and the membership must have numbered very many choice spirits. 
The following letter in the clearly cut chirography of Samuel P. Hildreth, one of Ohio's early 
historians, and by him signed, shows that there was fan as well as legislation going on at Chilli- 
cothe that session : 

Marietta, January 20, 1813. 

My Dear Colonel: Tour favor by hand of Col. Barber wa8 duly received, and it is quite pleasing to me that I 
still retain a place in your memory. I am happy to hear that things go on smoothly in No. 6,* and I would have 
given hU my old shoes to have been with you on that evening when " Crazy Bill "f was initiated in the mywteries of 
the UiretturBhip of Columbus, that city which is to he the Babylon of Ohio. It must have been a lively and happy 
evening with yuu — on one side was Col. Jim'sJ pipe throwing out continued volleys of smoke, on the other Gen. 
CasseVg broad mouth throwing out continued volleys of laughter, with here and there interspersed Ludlow's chaiD 

■ 1 ■ 

* A room doubtless of the hotel. 

+ \Vlio was this? 

iCnl. Curry. 

3 Gen. Lewis Cass. 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 303 

of causes and effects; and the sallies of wit and liumor from the rest of the company, all combined, must have had a 
very happy eflect, andjvould have relaxed the stern muscles of Diogenes had he been there. I should have highly 
enjoyed the scene could I have been present; but as I could not be, I can console myself with the thought that some 
of my friends were there and were happy, which to me is at all times a pleasing reflection. I am happy to hear 
that my friend Ludlow has been successful, as he is really a worthj' and deserving man, and will fill the station* 
with propriety and ability. I am also pleased that the office of Major General has fallen to the lot of Mr. Cass. He 
will support it with dignity and show to the people of the State of Ohio that its Legislature has not mistaken their 
confidence. This election will probably put to sleep any further inquiries respecting the Major General of the Sec- 
ond Division. I liave to regret that my acquaintance with Col. Curry could not have been longer, but from what 
few days we were acquainted I feel a growing attachment, which twice that number of years will not obliterate, 
and believe me, sir, when I say I shall consider that day which introduced you to my acquaintance as one of the 
most interesting in my calendar. However, I hope and trust that our knowledge of each other is not to end here, 
but that we shall yet pass many hajipy hours together. 

With sentiments of respect, I am your friend, S. P. Hildbeth. 

Col. J. Curry, Member of the Legislature, Chilliothe, Ohio. 

Col. Curry was returned from the Deliware and Madison district, the winter of 1814-1.5, 
and in the session of 1815-16 we find him again a member from that district, the Legislature 
still convening at Chillicothe. The next year and the first in which the Legislature sat at Co- 
lumbus, the new capital, 1816-17, the two counties were each given a representation, and Col. 
Curry's own county, Madison, took up a new man, one Isaac Miner. 

The Colonel was not retired to private life, however, for this year (1816) he was chosen one 
of the electors who met at Chillicothe, and cast the vote of the State for James Monroe of Vir- 
ginia, for President, and Daniel D. Tompkins of New York, for Vice President. His associates 
were .John G. Young, Abraham Shepherd, Aaron Wheeler, Uthniel Looker, John Patterson, Ben- 
jamin Hough and William Skinner. 

The sessions of the Legislature of 1817-18 and 1818-19, Miner continued to sit for the 
county, but that of 1819-'20, Col. Curry was returned as Madison's representative. This, the 
eighteenth General Assemb'y of the State of Ohio, the last in which the Colonel ever sat as a 
member, was held at Columbus, that "modern Bibylon," and it is to be supposed that Mr. Hil- 
dreth was there and all the genial spirits who the winter of 1813-14 had made tbe walls of" No. 
6" at Chillicothe echo with sallies of wit and volleys of laughter. This session, a bill for the 
organization of Union County, was introduced into the Senate by Gen. Foos, then representing 
Franklin, Madison and Delaware, and passed. The bill went to the Hotise Friday, December 24, 
1819, and on motion of Col. Curry was made the order for the following Tuesday, when it was 
passed and became a law. 

June 3, 1811, Col. Curry was made the happy father of another son, his last child, and the 
only one ever born in Madison County. To this son the name of Robert Burns was given, a 
very appropriate reproduction of that borne by his firstborn child. This son, now an old 
man with whitened hair, but when last in Ohio as light of heart and as playful as when thirty 
years younger, yet lives, having years ago removed to the State of Kansas. 

The Colonel's only oth^r living child, a daughter, married, as has been stated, to Mr. Nelson 
Cone, and yet lives in Jerome Township in sight of the spot where seventy-two years ago her 
parents first made their home. A venerable, intelligent, gentle woman, though sa'ily afflicted, 
she still lives, the joy of her household, respected, loved, revered by every one, kin and stranger, 
who comes within her sweet presetjce. 

But though Col. Curry did not again return to the duty of making laws, he was, in the years 
1822-23-'24-'25-26-27 and 1828, one of the Associate Judges of the county who executed them. 
The courts were held in Milford, and from the April term of 1822 to the August term of 182?, 
the bench was constituted : John A. McDowell, President Judge, David Mitchell. William 
Gabriel, James Curry, Associates. The November term of 1823, Gustavis Swan was President 
Judge, same Associates. April term of 1824, Ebentzer Lane became President Judge, and the 
same Associates held till the February term of 1826, when Robert Nelson was appointed in 
place of Col. Curry. October term of 1827, Ebenezer Lane still presiding ; Col. C. returned to 
the bench, displacing David Mitchell. February terra of 1828, Gustavis Swan again became 
Presiding Judge, so continuing Col. Curry, William Gabriel and Robert Nelson as Associates to 
and including the September term of 1828. 

This was the last of Col. Curry's office holding, and as he was now some seventy-six 
years of age, he was probably quite Vi^illing to relinquish into other and younger hands the 
duties of office, which in either a military or civil capacity he had been with but little cessa- 
tion fulfilling continuously for fifty years. Full of honors, and enjoying to the utmost the con- 
fidence and esteem of the people of the county he had been instrumental in organizing, he at a 
ripe old age retired to his farm, to spend peacefully, what few days might yet remain for him. 
Though old in years, he was still strong and vigorous, it is remembered, in body and mind. 
He succumbed, however, to an attack of apoplexy, dying July 5, 1834, at 10 o'clock A. M. Two 
days after, his body was laid to rest by that of his beloved wife, who had preceded him some eight 
years, and the two yet lay side by side in a quiet corner of the old farm, which in 1807 he had 
covered with Survey 1440. So ceased the life of CjI. James Curry. In estimating his character, 
we have only to point to the fact that while as an officer, civil or military, he achieved no 
illustrious fame, he was steadily and persistently successful in every position he undertook to 

* What position was this? 



304 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

fill and failed in none. As a citizen, husband, father, few men excelled him in the respect 
with which he was held by his neighbors and friends, and in the love and esteem borne him by 
his wife and children. He had been a captivating man in youth, and Mrs. Nelson Cone now de- 
clares that he was the handsomest man she ever saw; she remembers her uncle John's state- 
ment that her father and mother were the handsomest couple ever married in Staunton. Mrs. 
Cone mentions, too, his appearance on horseback, " the finest" she ever saw. He was of 
medium height, about five feet ten, weighed some two hundred pounds, was very broad 
across the shoulders and back, and was of wonderful strength and activity. In dress, while 
not particular on the farm, he was scrupulously exact and neat when going abroad to the legis- 
lature or to court. He was of very regular habits and most punctilious as to his children and 
other members of his ho'isehold. He would never go to the table, or pay any attention to a no- 
tice that a meal was ready, unless asked, "Please come to dinner, father," and when seated the 
children while small were not permitted to speak aloud. He insisted on perfect obedience, yet 
was very kind. He kept his money in the till of a chest, and Mrs. Cone remembers that when 
a child she would frequently find money lying on the floor near by, as if accidently dropped, 
which she would always carry to her father. His reply invariably was, " Why, how careless. 
Well, Louise, you can keep it for yourself." As to his political creed, he was an uncompro- 
mising .Jacksonian Democrat, hating the very name of Federalism. His two sons, Stephenson 
and Otway, came, however, in time to be anti-Jacksonian, Otway particularly leading in many 
a wordy, excited debate with his father. These boys, the old gentlemen was accustomed to call 
his little tories. 

In religion, he was perhaps more a Baptist than anything else, though he was never a 
church member. Nevertheless he always said grace at the table, and up to his wife's death, 
possibly after, conducted family worship eich and every morning. Mr. Nelson Cone remem- 
bers talking with him as to the division of the Baptists on the communion question, and that he 
took sides with the "open communion" faction. However, the good man himself tells us what 
were his religious beliefs away along back ia 1782, when a young man of thirty, and it is not 
known that he had at all changed his sentiments in after years. An old faded, course grained, 
fool's-cap sheet, dated October 7,' 82, and signed with a fine, flowing hand, James Curry, tells the 
story : 

Eternal God ! I am Thy creature, brought into being by Thy power, and hitherto haat been the care of Thy in 
dulgent providence. Thou midst ma happy in my first parents after Thy image, the whole man upright, disposed- 
only to do Thy blessed will. But by the unhappy disobedience of this man I became (as well as the rest of mankind) 
a sinner. Am by uiture a child of wrath, am inclined to evil, to rebel against Thee, my rightful love. Am indis- 
posed to holiness, my heart naturally at eumity with God, nor subject to His law as my choice ; and Thou mightest 
be glorified in my damnation without the least imputation of injustice. I am ruined in myself, and in Thee only 
is my help. But in the unaccountable power of Thy grace. Thou hast devised a plan, well ordered in all things, 
and sure, by the incarnation, obedience and death of Thine eternal Son, whereby the demands of justice are fully 
satisfied and a righteousness wrought out, by which sinners of mankind may have a right to eternal life upon God's 
own terms. The record of Thy Word is that Thou hast given to us (sinners) eternal life, and that this life is in Thy 
Son, declaring that there is no condemnation to them that believe in Him. Everything has been done on Thy part, 
great God! to convince me of Thy gracious purpose and rich grace. Thou offerest an eternal life in Thy Son. 1 de- 
sire, however unworthy of the unspeakable grace, to credit Thy Word, and to believe that Jesus Christ is both an 
able and willing Savior, and that depending on Him I shall not perish, and that He has made a sufficient satisfaction 
to justice for my sins, and that in His righteousness imputed I shall stand complete in all the Word of God. I make 
choice of .Jesus Christ as my <pnly Savior, iu all His offices as my Teacher, Savior and Ruler, looking to be saved from sin 
in its dominion and oonsei(uent wrath through Him, depending on Him alone as the foundation of all my hopes, for every 
blessing and grace I need. In Him do I desire to make choice of God the Father as my Heavenly Father, and the 
Holy Spirit as my guide, director and sanctifier, God, Father, Son and Holy Ghost, to whom I surrender myself, as 
my God and everlasting portion. Believing in this, I do what is the will of God. In evidence of the sincerity ol 
my soul in this solemn transaction, I subscribe unto the Lord with my hand. James Curry. 

October 7, '82. 

This was written along toward the close of his army life, when a young, unmarried man, 
and must be taken as the sum of his convictions as to religion. No sect is favored, no creed 
proclaimed; but what a grand, though simple, expression of faith in God, in Jesus Christ, and 
in the the efficacy of the Christian's plan of salvation ! The unbelieving reader will hardly 
repress an emotion of exultation at the eloquent simplicity of this hundred-year-old piece of 
parchment, coming as it were from the tomb, to warn and convict. It almost surpasses belief, 
that the grand old soldier was, indeed, never an acknowledged member of any one of the 
churches of that day. 

" Uncle" David Winget, who lived years in his family, says that he was reserved in manner, 
but a good talker when aroused and encountering a peer. He was a great reader, and had, for 
that day, a very large library of books, historical, religiou.s, scientific and poetic. About every 
newspaper then published in America came to him as a regular subscriber, and the writer has 
now in possession piles of such, running back to the Revolutionary war, and beyond, carefully 
stitched (by his own hand, doubtless), for preservation. Few men of that day were more intel- 
ligent than Col. Curry, whose advice, on all matters (so Mr. Winget says), business and social, 
was sought by everybody. 

He was hot tempered, but ever courteous. His hair was dark and closely cut; forehead 
high and broad ; eyes hazel ; nose straight ; chin as shapely as could have been molded His 
face, always closely shaven, is said to have nearly resembled that of his son, James A. 

Such, finally, is what the writer hereof can make out of the few facts obtainable of the life 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 305 

of Col. James Curry. Books have been searched, and letters written, with a diligence and labor 
little imagined ; but it must be, after all, confessed to small purpose. The great State of Vir- 
ginia is absolutely without a history in detail of the grand part taken by her sons in the war of 
the Revolution. A letter written to the writer by a distinguished citizen of Augusta County, 
confesses that there is no history of that county in the war of the Revolution extant; and yet it 
was that day the principal one in wealth and population of the State. It comprised, indeed, 
everything west of the Blue Ridge Mountains, covering the famous valley of Virginia, between 
the Ridge and the Alleghanies, into which it was Washington's declared purpose to retire if 
defeated north of the Potomac, and with his trained army of Spartan followers defend himself 
and his country to the last. 

CAPT. JAMES A. CURRY, deceased. The subject of this sketch was born in Harrison- 
burg, Rockingham Co., Va., March 30, 1787. When eleven years of age (1798), his father, 
Col. James Curry, removed with his family to Ohio, and effected a settlement in Highland Coun- 
ty, twelve miles from Chillicothe. Highland was then the border of an unexplored wilderness, 
extending west and north over the entire State. The red man still claimed it as his heritage, 
and the wild animals roamed at will over its hills and valleys. Young Curry, then a boy of 
twelve summers, possessing to some extent the fearlessness and spirit of Boone for hunting, 
longed for an adventure. He attired himself in his hunting costume, which consisted of a tow 
shirt and buckskin pants, and with his game-sack and rifle and a dozen dogs, five of which were 
his own, he started out, and after a tramp of several hours encountered a bear, which he killed. 
It was the largest of its species known to have been killed in Highland County. On one occasion 
when but a lad, he made a trip of 100 miles to get a physician to attend on a sick brother. His 
route lay through a densely-wooded fprest, and the distance was traveled principally during 
nights. February, 1811, in company with Joseph Bell, he came to what is now Union County. 
The snow was two feet deep, and with these surroundings they felled some trees and erected a 
" half-faced camp," which served as a shelter for them during the spring and summer. The sit- 
uation of the camp was about forty rods northeast of Sugar Run Falls. Here he cleared a field 
and raised a crop of corn. The latter part of the summer he went back to Highland County, 
and in the fall returned to Union County, accompanied by his parents. Early in the summer of 

1812, he enlisted with a company of forty-day volunteers, and with the necessary military equip- 
ments, mounted his horse and went to Urbana, where he joined a company of horse from High- 
land County, and served in Col. Carr's regiment. On his way to Urbana he followed the paths 
and made the whole trip without seeing a single person. His steed, "old Jack," although an 
animal twenty-one years old, served him efficiently during his military career. In February, 

1813, Capt. Curry (he having been previously chosen to that rank), was ordered to report with 
his company for duty and join the army of the Northwest, under Gen. Harrison. He was 
camped at Delaware, Upper Sandusky, Wapakoneta, Falls St. Marys and Fort Meigs. After the 
war closed, he was offered a Captaincy in the regular army, which he declined. Capt. Curry 
had come to Ohio when young, and his advantages for an education were very limited, btut 
through his own diligence and efforts to secure learning, he acquired a good education, whick 
was of great practical use to him in after years. The chief elements of his education, and in 
which he displayed a marked thoroughness, were geography, natural philosophy and history. 
Natural philosophy was so easily mastered by him that he gave it the version of " natural sim- 
plicity." In boyhood he formed strong tastes for reading, and his extensive knowledge was all 
obtained through the avenues of literature. He was a man wholly self-acquired, and no doubt 
the best historian in the county. A man of strong conversational powers, he was able to en- 
tain any one in the most pleasing manner. As a man, he was generous and hospitable, and 
never turned from his door the needy and distressed. He died near New California, March 1, 
1874, aged eighty-seven. ISIarch 18, 1817, he was married to Miss Phebe Winget, a daughter 
of Stephen and Hannah Winget, natives of Washington County, Penn. They removed to Madison 
County, Ohio, in 1801. Mrs. Winget was, before her marriage, a Gary, and was a distant rela- 
tive of Alice and Phebe Cary, and also of Hon. Samuel F. Cary. Mrs. Winget was left a widow 
in 1807, with six children. She died in 1860, aged eighty-five years. Mr. and Mrs. Curry 
reared a family of ten children — five sons and five daughters, viz.: John; Harriet, widow of 
William Baird; Nancy; Mariah, widow of John Woodburn; James, deceased; Samantha, deceased; 
William W.; Phebe, wiTe^of W. H. Williams; David; and James A., deceased, who died in the 
army. Mrs. Curry is still living on the old homestead at the advanced age of eighty- four years. 
She is enjoying good health, and in possession of all her mental faculties. She spent two days 
at the " world's fair," in 1882, and there saw the improvements of the country of threescore 
years, which was all accomplished under her observation. John Curry, the eldest son and child, 
was born in Jerome, December 22, 1817. December 9, 1845, he was married to Tabitha W. Gill, 
daughter of Jesse Gill, by whom he has had eleven children, viz.: Allen T., Lewis C, Thomas 
H., Frank P., Olive C. (wife of J. D. McCampbell), Jesse G., Stephenson, Jennie, Mantie, James 
E. and John M. Mr. Curry owns a valuable farm of 347 acres, and is a successful farmer and 
stock-raiser. Mrs. Curry is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Politically, Mr. Curry is 
Democratic. 

STEPHENSON CURRY (deceased) was born on the site of Greenfield, Highland County, 
Ohio, December 3, 1801. He was a son of Col. James Curry, well known as one of the earliest 



306 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY, 

pioneers of Union County. Mr. Curry emigrated to Jerome Township, with his parents, in 1811, 
when but ten years of age, and settled in the unbroken wilderness, which was thickly infested 
with Indians and native animals. Here he passed his early life and received his education, 
which was limited to the schools held in log cabins. During the war of 1812, there was scarcely 
an able-bodied man left in the settlements along Darby and Sugar Run, and their families were in 
great danger and in constant fear of being massacred by the Indians. In 1812-18, Stephenson's 
father, Col. Curry, was called to Delaware, to assist in organizing a regiment of soldiers, leaving 
him and his brother Otway with Mrs. Curry, hemmed in by the woods, and with no neighbors 
nearer than John Kent and family, who resided a mile and a half away. One day, during Col. 
Curry's absence, the horses were attacked by the wolves, and siampeded with such a noise as to 
make jNIrs. Curry believe the Indians were going to attack their home. Young Stephenson, then 
but a boy of eleven years, but with the coolness of an old backwoodsman, took down the two rifles, 
and, loading one, placed his younger brother Otway as a sentinel at the fence, in rear of the 
cabin, and while he attempted to load the other, the charge became fastened in the barrel. The 
two boys stood on guard for some time, ready to meet the invasion of the red skins. When night 
came on, they, with their mother, went to John Kent's house and spent the night. The next 
morning, ontneir return with some of the neighbor.n, they found that the wolves had attacked the 
horses, badly injuring one of them, but that no Indians, or traces of them, were to be found. One 
of the old, ilint-lock rifles used on this occasion is still in possession of the family. 'Sir. Curry 
spent his early life and manhood in clearing up the old homestead, and remained on a part of it 
till his death. November 18, 1830, he was married to Miss Sarah D. Robinson, daughter of James 
and Jane (Morrison) Robinson. Mrs. Cui'ry was born in Darby Township, April 14, 1806. In 
their married life they were blessed with eigut children, viz.: Louisa, widow of William Thomp- 
son; Jane, wife of Taber Ramlall ; Otway, William L., James, Mary, wife of Andrew Gill; John 
W., and an infant son, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Curry were members of the Presbyterian Church. 
Mr. Curry united himself with that body about 1835-36, and .Mrs. C. 1824-2-5, of which she was 
a devoted and consistent member for fifty years. Mr. Curry was a Ruling Elder for over twenty- 
five years, and was an active member till his death, which occurred April 2, 1861. Mrs. Curry 
survived him till November 11. 1881. For half a century Mr. Curry guided the plowshare 
and wielded the ax in clearing up the forest. Born and bred a hardy pioneer of the West, 
trained to the use of the trusty rifle, yet amid all these difficulties and hardships, he found time 
for study and meditation. He possessed a mind richly stored with knowledge, which he was 
ever free to impart to all, and many were the stories of his adventures and experiences he was 
wont to relate, around the old family fireside. He was a man over six feet in height, straight 
as an Indian, and of great strength and activity, and, perhaps, did as much hard work as any 
other man in the county in his day. As a friend, Mr. Curry was warm and steadfiist, ever ready 
to espouse the cause of the weak, and, in his church associations, was beloved and esteemed for 
his forbearance and piety. In politics, he was a Whig until the breaking up of the old Whig 
party, and afterward he was a Democrat. 

WILLIAM W. CURRY, farmer, P. 0. New California, third son of Capt. James A. and 
Phebe Curry, was born on the old Curry homestead April 11, 1832. His youth and early man- 
hood was passed in his native place, and his training received in the select schools of New Cali- 
fornia. He was first married September 17, 1861, to Catharine Nonemaker, who died March 1, 
1871, leaving three children — Charles E., Mary L. and Addison S. February 18, 1873, he was 
married to Miss Jennie Harris, daughter of Guy and Nancy Harris. Mrs. Curry was born in 
Wood County, Ohio, and died January 3, 1879. Two daughters were the fruits of this union, 
namely: Effie A. and Bertha. Mr. Curry's third marriage occurred February 10, 1880, to Miss 
Nancy, daughter of Joseph and Sarah Bain. She was born in Greene County, Ohio, January 13, 
1840. Mr. Curry's father deeded him his farm, which contained ninety acres. He pursues the 
avocation of farming and raising Poland-China hogs. His political opinions are Democratic. 

BEVERLY DEPP, farmer, P. 0. New California, was born in Powhatan County, Va., No- 
vember 13, 1826. His father, Stephen Depp, was a slave for thirty years, and was liberated at 
his master's death in 1830, when he received, as his share of the estate, 143 acres of land in 
Jerome Township and a year's provisions. In 18:)6, he removed with his family and located on 
it. The farm was all woodland and Mr. Depp was numbered with the early settlers. He mar- 
ried Lydia Knuckles, and died November 12, 1861, leaving her a widow with six children, of 
whom Beverly is the eldest. He aided his father to clear up the farm. In 1854, moved on 
Abraham Depp's farm, which he rented for twenty-seven years. He bought forty acres in 1865 
and has made additions till he now owns a farm of 103 acres. May 2, 1850, he married to 
Rachel Mallory, by whom he has had ten children, viz.: William H.. Rachel J. (wife of Alpheus 
Geeder), Augustus, Katie, Jerelene, Charles E., Delila E., Beverly, Rosa and Lizzie (deceased). 
Mrs. Depp departed this life August 9, 1869. Mr. Depp is a successful farmer and a highly 
respected citizen. In politics he is a stanch Republican. He has taken an active part in edu- 
cational matters. 

JOHN K. DODGE, farmer, P. 0. New California, ex-Commissioner of Union County, was 
born in Jerome Township November 17, 1833. He was a son of Judah Dodge, who was born in 
Vermont, January 23, 1796. His father, Judah Dodge, Sr., moved with his family to Union 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 307 

County at the beginning of the war of 1812, and settled on the Crocker Smith farm in Darby 
Township. Some years later he moved to Jerome, locating on a farm of seventy acres. In 1886 
he purchased a tract of 400 acres near New California. This whole farm was then covered with 
a dense forest, without an improvement, save a rude log shanty, which had been erected by the 
Indians. Mr. Dodge died on the farm in May, 1856. He had filled the office of Justice of the 
Peace a number of terms and was otherwise ofBcially identified with Jerome Township. He 
entered the county at the time of the last war with Great Britain and was familiar with its 
early settlement, organization, and the growth and development of it up to the date of his 
death. Judah Dodge, Jr., was but seventeen when his parents came to the West, and 
he spent the remainder of his minority in clearing up the land his father located. July 
4, 1816, he was married to Elizabeth Kilgore, who was born in Ross County, Ohio, 
January 20, 1799, and by whom he had nine children, of whom our subject is the third 
son and seventh child. In 1867, Mr. Dodge sold his farm and removed to Marysville, 
where he died April 23, 1870. He was for fifteen years an exhorter in the Methodist 
Episcopal Church, and a man of honor and highly respected. Mr. Dodge, the subject of this 
sketch, was reared and brought up on the farm and was educated in the common schools of 
Jerome Township. November 29, 1855, he married Miss Rebecca Rudolph, a daughter of John 
and Julia Rudolph. Mrs. Dodge was born in Delaware County, Ohio, July 1, 1833. Nine 
children were the fruits of this marriage, viz.: Andrew J. (married Flora E. Harrington), John 
R. (married Ella B. Boring), Glenna M. (wife of Elbert Bonnett), Thomas 'J., Jennie R., Telia 
A., William M., Ottie J. and Frank E. In 1857, Mr. Dodge moved into Mill Creek Township, 
and in 1865 took up his residence on his present farm. He owns 509 acres of well-improved 
and highly-cultivated land. His occupation is agriculture and stock-raising ; in the latter pur- 
suit he has dealt extensively for the last twenty years. Mr. Dodge has by his energy and care- 
ful business management achieved a reasonable success in the accumulation of property. He 
was Trustee of Jerome Township two years and member of the Board of County Commissioners 
one term. His attention has been given almost entirely to his farm, and he ranks with the suc- 
cessful farmers of the county. 

ANDREW J. DODGE, farmer, P. 0. New California, eldest son of John K. Dodge, was 
born in Mill Creek Township July 7, 1857. He was brought up on a farm and received his 
education in the select schools of New California and at the National Normal at Lebanon, Ohio. 
He taught school two terms in Jerome Township, and September 20, 1877, he was married to 
Miss Laura E. Harrington, a daughter of Nathaniel and Lucinda Harrington, of Plain City. 
Mrs. Dodge was born in Jerome Township, February 16, 1857. Mr. Dodge moved to his pres- 
ent farm in March, 1878, and is engaged in farming and raising and dealing in stock. He and 
his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

David DORT, deceased, an old and respected pioneer of Jerome Township, was born in 
New Hampshire November 25, 1801. He was a son of Titus and Charlotte (Clark) Dort, who 
were natives of Massachusetts, and came to Franklinton, Franklin Co., Ohio, in 1811. They sub- 
sequently removed to Darby Plains, Madison County, where Mrs. Dort departed this life. ' Mr. 
Dort died at Frankfort, about 1840. At an early age, David was apprenticed to the blacksmith 
trade, which he followed till 1835. In 1836, he was married to Sarah A., daughter of Thomas 
and Barbara Gray, the former a native of Delaware and the latter of Virginia. They moved to 
Ross County, Ohio, in 1815, and in 1821 came to Darby Plains, and afterward went to Keokuk, 
Iowa, where they died in 1844 and 1849, respectively. Mr. Gray was a soldier in the war of 
1812. JNIrs. Dort was born in Loudoun County, Va., June 4, 1813. Her great-grandfather came 
from Europe, and was one of the first Baptist ministers in America. Mr. Dort removed with his 
family and settled on the farm now occupied by his widow in 1845. He purchased 125 acres of 
land and cleared and improved it to a good condition. He was an energetic and persevering 
man, and made all that he owned by his industry. In politics, he was Democratic till the war 
broke out, when he joined the ranks of the Republican party and was, during his subsequent 
life, an earnest advocate of its doctrines and principles. During the war he was active in be- 
half of the Union, and did much in the way of providing for the soldiers and their families. He 
was not a member of any church, but was inclined to the doctrine of the Congregational Church. 
He aided in many charitable and benevolent enterprises, and was a man of integrity. He died 
September 16, 1881, leaving a widow and one son. 

JAMES B. DORT, deceased, was born near Plain City, in Madison County, June 25, 1817. 
His parents, Titus and Charlotte (Clark) Dort, were natives of Connecticut and Massachusetts, 
respectively, and came West in 1811 and located near Columbus, where Mr. Dort was in the 
employ of the Government as a blacksmith for Gen. Harrison's army, two years. In 1814, he 
removed to Darby Township, Madison County, and located 364 acres of land, which he occupied 
till 1840, when he removed to Jerome Township and purchased a small farm of ninety acres. 
He died in March, 1843. He had served Madison County as Commissioner two terms, and in 
the office of Justice of the Peace nine years. Mr. Dort, the subject of this sketch, was reared 
to manhood on a farm. In 1837, he went to Wayne County, Mich., and in 1843, located per- 
manently in Jerome Township, which he served as Justice of the Peace and Treasurer. June 
25, 1840, he was married to Martha A. Fox, daughter of Chester and Susanna Fox, by whom he 



308 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

had nine children; of these four are living: Susanna, wife of S. H. Ruehlen; Deiadamia, wife 
of Calvin McDowell; and Horace M. Florilla, Chester T., Samuel L., Electa B. and Martha A. 
are deceased. Mr. Dort was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church till his death, and 
was for several years an active worker in the Grange. Horace M. Dort, third child living, was 
born near New California, February 4, 1853. He ^was brought up to farming and followed that 
avocation till April, 1879, when he engaged in merchandising. He carries a stock to the amount 
of $2,200, and has annual sales of |10,000. March 30, 1878, he was married to Miss Emma 
Morgan, a native of Delaware County, Ohio, and a daughter of C. M. and Louise Morgan. Mrs. 
Dort was born January 28, 1856. Two children were born to this marriage, viz.: Lyle E., born 
October 9, 1874, and Guy, born June 10, 1878. 

J. B. DOUDNA, farmer, P. 0. Jerome, was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, December 2, 
1830. His parents, William and Lydia (Bailey) Doudna, were natives of Belmont and Guern- 
sey Counties, respectively. The former was born in 180G, and the latter in 1812. His grand- 
father, John Doudna, was born near Raleigh, N. C, November 9, 1773, and his wife, Anna 
Doudna, was a native of the same place. His great-grandfather, John Doudna, the first of the 
name, it is supposed, was born in England. When about four years old he was stolen by a crew 
of sailors who kept him till he was a young man, when he made his escape. He was dis- 
tinguished as John, and afterward nicknamed "Doudna," which name he adopted. He mar- 
ried Sarah Knorvas, who was born May 23, 1756, and moved to Belmont County, Ohio, in 
1803. He died in 1811. He was the parent of fourteen children, of whom two are now living. 
Our subject's maternal grandparents, Henry and Elizabeth Bailey, came from North Carolina to 
Ohio in 1802, and settled in Guernsey County. The great-grandfather, Jesse Bailey, was 
born February 1, 178". His wife, Mary Bundy, was born June 16, 1787, and died August 31, 
1847. The subject of this sketch is the eldest of eight children. He was reared to manhood 
on a farm, and was educated in the common schools. In 1850, he came to Union County and 
followed the carpenter trade till 1877, when he turned his attention to the farm. March 16, 
1851, he was married to Lucinda, daughter of Peter and Margaret Crotinger. Mrs. D., a na- 
tive of Knox County, Ohio, was born March 12, 1831. Eight children were born to this union; 
of these seven are now living, viz.: Manasseh W\, Charles F.; Phebe R., wife of William Mc- 
Carty; J. Frank, Helen 0., George M. and Harry H. Ephriam M. is deceased. Mr. Doudna 
located on his present homestead in 1860. He owns a good farm of 111] acres, and for the last 
six years has been engaged in farming. He served as Township Clerk fourteen years, and is a 
member of the society of I. 0. 0. F. 

JOHN AV. EVANS, farmer, P. 0. Jerome, a native of Frederick County, Va., was born De- 
cember 12, 1821. His father, William Evans, was born in Wales, and came to the United States 
with his parents when young. His mother, Christina Lockmiller, was a native of Virginia. 
Mr. and Mrs. Evans, the parents of our subject, removed with their children to Ohio in 1837, 
and settled near Zanesville. In 1839, they moved to Delaware County, and in 1846 to Franklin 
County, where Mr. Evans died. He served through the last war with Great Britain, as a pri- 
vate. John is the second son and fourth child of a family of thirteen children. He came to 
Jerome Township in 1842, and worked for nine years in the Beach Ashery. Of these years' 
earnings he saved enough to buy fifty-five and one-half acres of land. May 18, 1845, he was 
married to Miss Phebe Green, daughter of Caleb and Catharine Green, by whom he had one 
child — Catharine A., born August 21, 1846. She married David R. Ashbaugh, and had three 
children — Ida M., born November 8, 1867; John L., born February 18, 1869, and Earnest L., 
born July 18, 1871. Mrs. Ashbaugh departed this life October 19, 1880. Mr. Evans owns a 
farm of 240 acres, and is by occupation a farmer and stock-raiser. He wag Trustee of Jerome 
seven years, and filled other local offices. 

ELIJAH K. FOX, retired. Plain City. The subject of this sketch, whose portrait is given 
in this volume, was born in Hartford County, Conn., August 10, 1821. His father, Chester Fox, 
was born in Glastonbury, Conn., September 22, 1796, and his mother in Manchester, Conn., Feb- 
ruary 5, 1798. His paternal grandfather, AmosFox, of English descent, was born in 1756. He 
was a Revolutionary soldier under Gen. Washington, and participated in the battle of Bunker 
Hill, and was present at the surrender of Burgoyne at Saratoga, N. Y. He died in Hartford 
County, Conn., March 14, 1832. His wife was born in 1757, and died March 16, 1851. Mr. 
Fox's (Elijah K.) parents were married in 1817, and, in 1836, migrated to the West, settling in 
Jerome Township, where Mr. Fox located on 350 acres of land. His death occurred July 7, 
1863. Mrs. Fox survived him till October 8, 1881. Six children were the fruits of their mar- 
riage. There are three livinor, of whom our subject is the eldest. He spent his early life in 
clearing up the old homestead, and has resided in the county ever since, except 1843-44 and 
1845, when he was engaged in the Eagle Manufacturing Company, in Glastonbury, Conn. He 
lived on his farm, near Frankfort, till November, 1881, when he removed to Plain City. January 
25, 1849, he was married to Susan M., daughter of Martin and Mary (Keeney) Webster. Mrs. 
Fox was born in Hartford County, Conn., July 25, 1824. Her parents came to this county in 
1849, and afterward removed to Ostrander, where they died. Mr. Fox is one of the few real 
pioneers of Union County that are now living. He helped cut out and make the road from Frank- 
fort to New California in 1837, and aided many other improvements of the township. He served 
Jerome as Trustee five terms, and filled various other local offices. 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 311 

HENRY FOX, farmer, P. 0. Jerome, son of Chester and Susannah (Kinney) Fox, was born 
in Hartford County, Conn., October 19, 1823. At the age of thirteen, his parents removed and 
settled near Frankfort, this county. Mr. Fox purchased a farm of 300 acres one and one-half 
mile west of Frankfort, and, with the aid of his sons, cleared a portion of it. He died July 7, 
1863. Mrs. Fox departed this life October 8, 1881, at the advanced age of eighty-three years. 
Henry is the second son of a family of six children, of whom three are living — Elijah K., Henry, 
and Electa J., wife of William Dunnic, of Columbus, Ohio. Mr. Fox spent his early life in clearing 
up the homestead. Two years after his marriage, he bought 180 acres of land of the heirs of 
James Stone. Of this farm, he has cleared and well improved a good portion, and is engaged in 
farming and raising stock. March 10, 1847, he was married to Sarah Kent, daughter of Daniel 
and Dillie Kent, and grand-daughter of John Kent, one of the earliest pioneers of Union County. 
Mr. K. was born in Jerome June 23, 1822. Of the children born to this union, the following 
are living, viz.: Ameret O., wife of Arthur Callier ; Cynthia A., wife of Samuel Taylor; Ely, 
married Jennie Holmes; Chester; Clarinda, wife of Joseph Brobeck ; William D., Riley L., Lo- 
vina, and Altruda. Mrs. Fox died July 3, 1880. Mr. Fox owns, besides his home farm, fifty 
acres in Washington Township, and eighty acres in Putnam County, Ohio. He is engaged in 
rearing sheep and Norman French horses. As a member of an old family, we give the portrait 
of Mr. Fox in this work. 

JESSE GILL, deceased, an old and respected pioneer of Union County, was born in Bel- 
mont County, Ohio, October 30, 1804. He was a son of Andrew and Susanna (Hemphill) Gill, 
who were natives of West Vii'ginia, and of Irish descent. They migrated to Ohio in 1804, and 
went down the Ohio River in a flat-boat, and settled where Arondale, near Cincinnati, now 
stands. Mrs. Gill died there, and about the time of the close of jthe war of 1812 Mr. Gill came 
to Union County, locating in Union Township, where he purchased 300 acres of land. His death 
occurred in 1829. Mr. Gill, the subject of this sketch, resided near Milford Center till October 
3, 1837, when he moved to Jerome and purchased 194 acres of land, which is now in the posses- 
sion of Andrew Gill. He was married May 10, 1827, to Miss Jane Cochran, a daughter of James 
and Mary Cochran. Mrs. Gill was born in Erie County, Penn., December 2, 1806. Five chil- 
dren were born to this union, viz.: Tabitha W., wife of John Curry; Olive A., wife of James R. 
Mitchell ; Eliza M., wife of John M. Roney; Sarah C, wife of .J. B. Robinson, and Andrew, the 
only son. Mr. Gill filled various offices of honor and trust in his county and township. He 
was once chosen to the Board of County Commissioners, when his party was largely in the mi- 
nority, thus attesting the confidence which the public had in his integrity and ability, regard- 
less of partisan prejudice. He served Jerome Township, both as Trustee and Treasurer, hold- 
ing the latter ofiBce nine years. In politics he was Democratic in doctrine and principle, and 
was the leader of his party in local matters. He was Presbyterian in his religious views, and 
was identified with that church for a number of years. He was a man of honor and upright- 
ness and died highly esteemed, May 14, 1872, as a worthy citizen and pioneer. 

ANDREW GILL, the youngest son of Jesse Gill, was born in .Jerome Township August 19, 

1843. He was reared on the farm and educated principally in the select schools of New Cali- 
fornia. .July 29, 1863, he enlisted to serve six months in Company B, Eighty-sixth Regiment 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was at the surrender of Cumberland Gap, and was employed on 
garrison duty at the fort, till his term of service expired, when he was mustered out and dis- 
charged at Cleveland, Ohio, February 14, 1864. April 9, 1868, he was married to Mis.s Mary 
Curry, daughter of Stephenson and Sarah D. Curry. Mrs. Gill was born in Jerome April 9, 

1844. They have five children, viz.: Cora, Jesse, Jennie C, Lou and Bessie. Mr. Gill owns 
the old homestead, which contains 194 acres of well-improved land. He is engaged in farming 
and rearing stock ; for the last ten years he has been engaged in breeding and rearing thorough- 
bred French horses, which he has exhibited at the annual fairs of the county. One mare ".Jose- 
phine" which he reared, won the first premiums at the State Fairs of 1878-79. For the last two 
years he has given considerable attention to bee-raising. He has seventy stands of bees, which 
produced, in 1882, 2,500 pounds of honey. Mr. Gill was a charter member of the G. A. R. 
post at Plain City, and is still an active member. Politically he is Democratic. He filled the 
oflBce of Township Treasurer one term. He and wife are both members^of the Methodist Episco- 
pal Church of New California. 

CHARLES H. GORDON, farmer, P. 0. Dublin, Franklin County, a native of Perry County, 
Ohio, was born December 6, 1817. He is a son of George and Hannah (Hammisfair) Gordon, 
and a gi-andson of Charles Gordon, who emigrated from Scotland prior to the American Revolu- 
tion, and settled in Pennsylvania. He served in the war of 1812, and subsequently removed to 
Perry County, Ohio, where he died. George Gordon was reared principally in Perry County, 
where he married and brought up a family. Charles is the eldest of nine children. He was 
reared and brought up to farming and has pursued that avocation most of his life. He remained 
on the homestead till 1840, when he engaged in keeping hotel in Gratiot. In 1842, he went to 
Linville and carried on coopering eight years, then purchased a small farm in Jerome Township, 
on which he settled. He married April 22, 1841, Miss Clarissa Vandenburgh, by whom he 
had two children — Daniel L. and Clarissa C, wife of JJohn Windle. Mrs. Gordon departed this 
life September 8, 1849, and Mr. G. married the second time September 21, 1851, Miss Matilda 



312 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Latimer, daughter of Stephen and Dimmis Latimer. Mrs. G. was born in Franklin County, 
Ohio, February 1, 1830. This marriage was blessed with nine children ; seven of these are liv- 
ing, viz.: Stephen T., George C, Nathan H., Livonia, Dimmis, Vallandingham and Ida M.; Nancy 
L. and Margaret A., are deceased. Mrs. Gordon's parents came to Franklin County, Ohio, in 
1815, and in 1840 to this township, where they both died, Mr. Latimer, February 26, 1854, and 
Mrs. L., September 21, 1872. Mr. Gordon owns a well-improved farm of 186 acres, and is en- 
gaged in farming and stock-raising. 

" JOHN W. GRAY, retired. Plain City, a native of Washington County, Vt., was born August 
21, 1809. He is a son of Kalso and Anna (Wilson) Gray, and a grandson of Kalso Gray, Sr., 
who served in both the French and Indian and Revolutionary wars. The subject of this sketch 
is the seventh son of a family of twelve children. At an early age he chose the shoe-maker's 
trade, which he learned and followed seven years. In 1886, he came to Darby Township, Union 
County, and five years later moved to Plain City, thence to his farm April 1, 1845. Mr. Gray 
has been identified with the construction of many of the improvements in the county. He was 
a member of the committee that assessed the land to make the first pike in the county. He 
served on the Board of Trustees of Jerome twelve years, and as real estate assessor one term. 
In December, 1844, he was married to Charlotte Phillips, a daughter of Aaron and Hannah 
Phillips, by whom he had four children, two of these are living — Aaron K. and Clark. Mrs. 
Gray was taken away by disease May 12, 1852, and in November, 1854, Mr. G. married Mrs. 
Phila Gudtner, widow of John Gudtner. Five children born to this union are deceased. Mrs. 
Gray is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Gray owns a valuable farm of 145 
acres, ninety acres of which adjoins Plain City. 

CAPT. HENRY HENSEL, carpenter. New California, was born in Jerome Township June 
24, 1834. His parents, George and Mary (Howell) Hensel, were natives of Pennsylvania. His 
father was born in 1777, and his mother in 1800 ; his paternal grandfather came from Germany 
prior to 1776, and settled in Pennsylvania. His maternal grandf^ither emigrated to the United 
States from England, and was a staif officer in the American Revolution. He was the first man 
to discover Benedict Arnold's treachery. Our subject's grandparents removed to Fairfield 
County, Ohio, some time after the Revolutionary war. His father came to Delaware County in 
1818, and the same year made a purchase of 400 acres of land iu Jerome Township. In 1819, he 
removed to his land near Frankfort where he died January 10, 1847. By his first wife he had 
three children ; two, John and Mary are living. This second wife bore him si.x children. Of 
these George, Susan (wife of J. W. Wells), and Henry, are living at the present time. Mrs. 
Hensel died September 26, 1871. When sixteen, Henry chose the carpenter's trade, serving his 
apprenticeship with John McConnell, the leading architect of Columbus. He followed carpen- 
tering till August 19, 1861, when he enlisted his services in Company E, Thirtieth Regiment 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was elected Second Lieutenant, and in May, 1862, was promoted 
to First Lieutenant. He fought at Carnifex Ferry and in numerous minor battles. In 1864, 
he recruited Company C, for the One Hundred and Ninety-first Regiment and went as First Lieu- 
tenant, in which capacity he served till March 22, when he was commissioned as Captain. His 
Company was in Gen. Hancock's Veteran Corps, and participated in the battle of Cedar 
Creek and other engagements. He served with honor and distinguished bravery, and was dis- 
charged in September, 1865. He was tendered a Second Lieutenancy in the Regular Army, 
but declined the honor. Mr. Hensel returned home and has since followed his trade. 1878-79 
-80, he was superintendent of carpenter work in the Ohio State Prison. May 26, 1859, he was 
married to Miss Martha, a daughter of Jacob and Martha Frederick, by whom he has had eight 
children. The following are living — Anna, Frank H., Mary, Martha and Forest; Frederick H., 
John F. and Carrie, are deceased. 

ROBERT HILL, farmer, P. 0. Jerome, a pr-)minent farmer and citizen of Jerome Town- 
ship, was born in Harrison County, Ohio, November 25, 1823. His father was a native of Ire- 
land, and emigrated to the United States with his father, whose name was also Robert, in 1816, 
and for six or eight years temporarily lived in Pittsburgh, Penn. On their removal West, they 
settled in Guernsey County, Ohio, wlaere Mr. Hill (the first) died. Robert, the father of our 
subject, was a young man when his parents came across. He resided in Guernsey and Tuscara- 
was Counties till 1858, when he came to Jerome Township; residing there till October, 1873, he 
removed to Paulding County, where he died in November, 1879. Mrs. Hill {nee Nancy Morris) 
died about 1828-29 She was a native of England, and came to America with her parents. 
Robert Hill, the subject of this sketch, is the second son and third child of four children, of 
whom three are living, viz.: Ann E., widow of Jonathan McCuUough, of Harrison County ; 
Mary, wife of Hanson Merryman, of Delaware County ; Robert; and James, the eldest, who died 
in McConnelsville, Morgan County, August, 1878. Mr. Hill's mother died in 1828, and he be- 
came a member of the household of an uncle, John G. Norris, with whom he remained till of 
age. He was employed by ^Ir. Norris in a grist-mill till 1845, when he started out to acquire 
his own fortune. He spent a few months working as a laborer at the mere pittance salary of 
$8.33^ per month. In 1845, he came to Mill Creek Township, and first purchased fifty acres of 
land. He resided on this farm fourteen years, in the meantime making an addition of fifty 
acres more. On his location in Jerome Township he bought 160 acres, and has made subse- 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 313 

quent purchases till he now owns 349 acres of finely improved and highly cultivated land. 
January 8, 1846, Mr. Hill was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth M. Rea, a daughter of 
Samuel and Ruth A. (Robinson) Rea, natives of Harrison County, Ohio, and a grand-daughter 
of Rev. John Rea, one of the early pioneer Presbyterian ministers of Ohio, of whom a sketch 
is appended. Samuel Hill was a member of the Coshocton County bar, and was a lawyer of con- 
siderable distinction. He was drowned in the Muskingum River February "28, 1838. His widow 
died February 19, 1881, aged seventy-seven years. Mrs. Hill was born in Coshocton County, 
Ohio, February 4, 1827. At her father's death, she was taken by her grandfather, Rev. John 
Rea, and reared to womanhood. Mr. Rea was Irish born, and crossed the Atlantic when eight- 
teen years of age. He first settled in Westmoreland County, Penn., where he married Elizabeth 
Christy, a daughter of John Christy, who was an early settler in Pennsylvania, and participated 
in the Indian wars. On an Indian raid, two of his sons, John and William, were captured. They 
were returning home with the horses, when the redskins made the attack by firing upon them. 
John, in attempting to escape, was killed. William's horse was shot and fell upon him, and he 
became a victim of the savages. The first he knew of his brother's death occurred when he saw 
his scalp suspended to an Indian's belt, and recognized the black locks of hair. William was 
kept a captive three years, and released and returned to his mother and family. He was adopted 
by a chief, who treated him very kindly, and of whom he ever afterward spoke in terms of the 
highest veneration. Rev. John Rea was educated under Catholic discipline, and received a 
thorough classical training. He removed to Harrison County, Ohio, and was among its earliest 
settlers. He was pastor of a church at Beech Springs, in that county, for half a century. He 
was a member of the Philadelphia Synod, and went on horseback from Harrison County to Phila- 
delphia, Penn., several times, to attend the General Assembly. He prepared and delivered an 
able farewell sermon to the congregation over which he had presided as minister and pastor for 
80 many years, and retired to his home, where he died in February, 185.5, at a ripe age. Mr. 
and Mrs. Hill were blest with thirteen children ; of these ten are living, viz.: Flora M., wife of 
Orange Cutler; Ruth A., widow of VV. P. Wentz ; G. Rea married Rachel Herriott ; Mary I., 
wife of Lewis Brake ; Elizabeth J., wife of Fleetwood Courtright; Samuel C, Frank S., Carrie A., 
John R. and Robert. Mr. and Mrs. Hill started in life together pioneers, and with few advan- 
tages. Together they have shared the difficulties and pleasures, the labor and reward of life. 
By their combined energy and industry, they have accumulated a sufficient competence. As a 
representative citizen, we give the portrait of Mr. Hill on another page of this volume. 

REV. JOHN REA, D. D., the son of Joseph and Isabel Rea, was born in the village of 
Tully, Ireland, in 1772; emigrated to the United States when eighteen years of age. After re- 
maining at Philadelphia, Penn., a short tii>e, " I left on foot," said he, " traveled mostly alone 
through the wilderness, sad, gloomy and dispirited, until after many days I arrived west of the 
Alleghany Mountains, stopping at the house of Mr. Porter, a Presbyterian minister." He now 
prosecuted the study of Latin, privately, which he had begun in his native land. To procure 
temporary means of support, he taught, first a night school, and afterward a day school. In 
1793, he married Miss Elizabeth Christy, of Westmoreland County, Penn. They had nine 
children, seven sons and two daughters, four of whom are still living, and one grandson. Rev. 
David Thompson, who is laboring in Jeddo, Empire of Japan, under the direction of the Pres- 
byterian Board of Foreign Missions. Mr. Hea felt it his duty, even after marriage, to finish 
his education, already commenced, and if it was the will of his Divine Master, to enter the 
work of the Gospel ministry ; for at his conversion and public profession of religion, he secretly 
vowed to his God that if He spared his life and gave him strength and grace, he would dedicate 
himself to the work of preaching the Gospel of Christ. With faith in Jesus, and his eye ever 
fixed upon his future calling, he labored and struggled on amid many adverse circumstances, 
with untiring zeal and more than ordinary industry, he worked his way through a literary 
course of education, teaching school, and studying alternately, until he graduated with honor 
at Jefferson College, when it was but a small school kept in a log-cabin near Canonsburg, Penn. 
Mr. Rea was among the first alumni of this college, and studied theology under the direction of 
Dr. John McMillen; was licensed to preach by the Ohio Presbytery, June, 1803, and after some 
three months' itinerancy in the wilderness of Central Ohio, among Indian camps and the few 
white settlements, he was appointed to supply the newly organized churches of Beech Springs, 
Crab-apple and vicinity ; for included in the latter was the Nottingham appointment, then con- 
sidered on the confines of civilization, but now in the midst of a well-improved and densely 
populated country. After preaching for one year, as stated supply of these congregations, a 
united call was made out and carried up to the Presbytery, from these churches, in the spring of 
1805, for each one-half of the labors of Mr. Rea, which was put into his hands and accepted. 
He was immediately ordained and installed pastor of said congregations by the Presbytery of 
Ohio. The country settled up rapidly, and his charges grew as fast, so that it soon became nec- 
essary to have the relation between the two churches dissolved, that he might labor all his time 
at the Beech Springs, with the exception that a portion of his services, at discretion, might be 
occupied in fostering those vines springing up on his borders ; and so untii-ing and devoted was 
this servant of Christ, that, besides ministering to the wants of so large a church, he found 
time to be instrumental in raising up some six or seven separate societies, that went out as col- 



314 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

onies from the mother church and are now self-sustaining and prominent congregations. Dr. 
Rea died of decay of vital powers, February 12, 1855, at his residence near Unionville, Ohio 
(among the people of his charge, with whom, in part, he first settled), in the eighty-third year 
of his age and fifty-second of his ministry, greatly and deservedly beloved and esteemed as a 
citizen, Christian and faithful preacher of "Christ and Him crucified." Whatever else he 
omitted, he never neglected due preparation for the pulpit ; his sermons evinced research, in- 
vention and original thought. It might be truly said of him that he was everywhere a living 
example of a Christian minister. He taught both by precept and daily walk. Mr. Rea estab- 
lished the Nottingham Mission, in 1806, and served it at stated times from the beginning, until 
1810, when all his labors were required at Beech Springs, where his pastorate continued forty- 
five years, and during all this time he was much beloved and appreciated by the people. The 
older members of the congregation were enthusiastically attached to him, both as a preacher and 
spiritual adviser, and well they might be, for he was untiring in his exertions for their well- 
being. 

JAMES W. HERRIOTT, deceased, was born in Mercer County, Penn., February 3, 1830. 
When four years of age, his parents, Samuel and Mary T. (Corey) Herriott, removed and settled 
in Jerome Township. Mr. Herriott is the third of fourteen children. His early life was spent 
on the farm, and for an education he enjoyed only the advantages of the cotnmon schools. Novem- 
ber 9, 1849, he joined himself in marriage with Miss Margery, a daughter of John and Margery 
Cunningham, who came to Delaware County in 1828. Mr. C. died September 27, 1859, and his 
wife October 3, 1853. Mrs. H. was born in Delaware County December 29, 1829. Of thirteen 
children born to this marriage, nine are living, viz. : Jane, wife of William Cox; Mary T., 
wife of Girard Hughes; Hannah R., wife of R. G. Hill; Maria A., wife of R. S. Fry ; Lovina 
S., William B., Nora R., Laura M. and Frances. Joanna, Margery A., Angeline and Sarah E. 
are deceased. Mr. Herriott resided in Delaware County till April, 1875, when he purchased 
the old homestead in Jerome, where he died March 8, 1882. In connection with farming he 
operated an ashery for nine years. He left a farm of seventy acres, besides fifty acres in Dela- 
ware County. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity, and in politics he was of Repub- 
lican principles. 

J. E. HERRIOTT, M. D., physician, Jerome, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, Septem- 
ber 17, 1849. He is a son of Ebenezer C. and Elnora Herriott, the former a native of Mercer 
County, Penn., and the latter of Harrison County, Ohio. Ebenezer Herriott came to the county 
with his parents, Samuel and Mary T. Herriott, in 1834. They were natives of New Jersey, 
and of Scotch descent, and died in Jerome Township. In 1848, Ebenezer removed to Delaware 
County, where he lived till 1856, and returned to Union County. He died August 19, 1871 ; his 
wife's death occurred August 19, 1861. Our subject is the eldest of seven children. He re- 
ceived his literary education in the Ohio Wesleyan University of Delaware, and in 1870 began 
reading medicine with Dr. James Cutler, of Richwood. He attended the Starling Medical Col- 
lege of Columbus, and subsequently the Medical College of Cincinnati, from which institution 
he graduated in March, 1872. He came to Jerome Post Office, and entered upon the practice of 
his profession, which he has successfully followed. September 27, 1871, he was married to 
Saliema, daughter of Abraham and Bell Peters. Two children — Guersant P. and Gertrude 
May, were born to this union. Dr. Herriott has by close attention to his calling established a 
large practice. He and wife are associated as members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

ANDREW J. HOBERT, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born near Plain City, in Madison 
County, April 27, 1828. His father was born in Vermont January 3, 1802. His mother dying 
when he was an infant, he was taken by Samuel Stone to rear, who removed to Madison County, 
Ohio, in 1816. He was married August 25, 1826, to Margaret Gandy, who was born in Colum- 
biana County, Ohio, November 7, 1811, andcame with her parents to Leesburg Township in 1832. 
In the year 1833, Mr. and Mrs. Hobert settled in Jerome Township, where ihey both died ; the 
former October 16, 1849, and the latter July 7, 1881. Andrew, the second child, was reared 
to manhood on a farm, till nineteen, when he took up the cooper's trade, and followed it in 
Frankfort seven years. He purchased ninety-one acres, settling on it in 1858. He now owns 
117 acres of well improved and highly cultivated land. It has a sugar camp of 500 trees, and 
manufactures about 1,000 pounds of sugar annually. June 6, 1858, he was married to Miss 
Jane A., daughter of Chester and Emily Pool. Mrs. Hobert was born in Cattaraugus County, 
N. Y., November 6, 1838. One daughter, Josie M., is the only child. She was born September 
26, 1860, and married Prof. W. S. Kennedy. Mamie and Charlie are deceased. Mr. Hobert 
was a member of the Board of Township Trustees three terms. Politically, he is Republican. 

J. S. HOWLAND, M. D., physician, New California, was born in Brown County, Ohio, Jan- 
uary 28, 1843, and is a son of Jonathan and Eliza J. (Stewart) Howland, of Brown County ; his 
father's parents were Ichabod and Eliza (Beam) Howland, pioneers in the above county in which 
they and the father of our subject died ; his mother resides at Somerville, this county. 
He is the third child of a family of tea children, nine of whom are living. His boyhood was 
principally passed in the counties of Pendleton, Lewis and Mason, in Kentucky, but he received 
the rudiments of his education at Winchester, Ky,, which was more fully developed at the Leb- 
anon (Ohio) Normal School. October 8, 1862, he enlisted in Company F, Seventh Ohio Volunteer 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 315 

Cavalry, and served with distinction under Gens. Gilmore, Burnside, Sherman and Thomas, and 
participated in the battles of Somerset, Knoxville, Bean Station, Rogersville, Blaines Cross Roads, 
Peach Tree Creek, Resaca, Atlanta, Jonesboro, Franklin, Nashville, Ebenezer Church, Selma, 
Ala., and Columbus, Ga. He served in succession, Corporal, Quartermaster Sergeant, Duty Ser- 
geant, Chief Clerk in Commissary Department, and Chief Issuing Clerk in the Post Commissary 
Department. The latter place he filled at Atlanta from April 1, 1865, till his discharge .July 11, 
the same year. He then came to Fayette County, where his parents had moved while in the 
service, and in 1868 embarked in teaching, which he followed till 1875, when he turned his at- 
tention to medicine. He read three years with Dr. A. J. Richardson, of Somerville, and took a 
course in the Miami Medical College of Cincinnati. In February, 1877, he located at New Cal- 
ifornia, and has since been successfully engaged in the practice of his profession. January 16, 
1868, he was married to Miss Louisa Edgington, a daughter of JesSe Edgington, by whom he 
has had three children — Orlie, Irene and Jesse. Dr. Howland and wife are members of the Meth- 
odist Episcopal Church. He is connected with the I. 0. 0. F. and G. A. R. 

THOMAS JONES, for a number of years a prominent citizen of Union County, was born 
in Wales July 29, 1823. When eight years of age, his parents, John and Winifred Jones, emi- 
grated to the United States and settled down in Columbus, Ohio, where they both died. Mr. 
Jones spent his early life in Columbus, and was educated in the public schools of that place. 
In 1852-53, he came to Union County and purchased 207 acres of land, to whic4 he added by 
subsequent purchase till his farm contained 300 acres. He also owned a farm of 185 acres on 
Darby Plains, Madison County. Mr. Jones was a leading and influential citizen, and as a fine 
stock-raiser was second to none in the county. He was especially engaged in keeping thorough- 
bred short-horned cattle and French Norman and Clydesdale horses. He was the first man to 
introduce French horses in the county, and owned one of the first Norman Stallions (Pleasant 
Valley Bill) that was imported to tne United States. In 1857, he bought the Norman mare 
Doll — the third one of the Norman stock that was imported into America. Mr. Jones was suc- 
cessfully engaged in the fine stock business till he removed to his farm near Delaware, since 
which time his sons, Charles M. and Albert N., have succeeded him in his useful enterprise. He 
was married, November 10, 1847, to Marium Newton, who was born in Madison County April 
22, 1824. Their union was blessed with six children — Naniet N., wife of Dr. J. D. Jones, of 
Cleveland, Ohio ; Charles M., Albert N., Ellsworth E. and Winifred ; Ann, is deceased ; Charles 
M., was born June 9, 1850, and Albert N., November 20, 1850. They reside on the Jiomestead 
near Plain City. 

ARTHUR T. KENTON, farmer, P. 0. New California, was born in Mad River Township, 
Champaign County, February 16, 1824. He is a son of James Kenton, who was a nephew of 
the celebrated Simon Kenton, whose history is given at length elsewhere in this volume. James 
Kenton was the second child of nine children, viz.: Polly, James, Elizabeth, Sarah, Jane, Susan, 
Matilda, William and Richard. Mr. Kenton died in Mad River Township, in 1867, and his wife 
in Missouri in October, 1872. They were the parents of ten children, of whom four are now 
living, viz.: Julia, wife of George Gosley; Arthur T., the subject of this sketch; Celinda, wife 
of William Bates; and William H. H. The subject of this sketch was reared to manhood on the 
old Kenton homestead, and educated in the common schools of his day. He resided in Roundhead 
Township, Hardin County, from 1848 to 1854, when he returned toCbampaign County and lived 
on a part of the old homestead till December, 1862, when he removed to his present valuable 
farm. Mr. Kenton has been an unusually hard-woi'king man, and his industry, combined with 
rigid economy, has made for him large property. His occupation has been farming and rearing 
and dealing in stock, in which he has made a marked success. He owns 183 acres of land where 
he resides, estimated at $70 per acre, and 214 acres in Hardin County, worth $50 per acre. Sep- 
tember 12, 1848, Mr. Kenton was married to Rebecca L. Irwin, daughter of James and Christiana 
Irwin. Mrs. Kenton was born in Ross County, Ohio, August 28, 1826, and died July 27, 
1872. They had eight children, viz.: Leonidas M., born June 10, 1849; Florence S., born May 
17, 1852, wife of J. Ellis; Ettny, born October 17, 1858; B., born July 10, 1864; and Delia J., 
born August 29, 1866. James C, Thomas and Lilly R. are deceased. 

JAMES KETCH, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, an old and respected pioneer of Union County, 
was born in Canaan Township, Madison County, June 5, 1818. He is a son of Lewis and 
Sarah (Beach) Ketch, the former a native of York State, and the latter of Vermont. Mr. Ketch 
was bnrn March 29, 1795, and Mrs. Ketch June 9, 1797. They were married March 6, 1814, and 
the following fall removed to Darby Township, Madison County, where Mr. Ketch died January 
T, 1823. Mrs. Ketch was the mother of four children. She married for her second husband 
Parley Converse, and bore him five children. When but six years of age our subject was placed 
in the family of John Irwin, the father of Gen. William Irwin. He was reared till thirteen by 
Mr. Irwin, and for an education had the privileges of the common schools. In 1831, Mr. Irwin 
died, and young Ketch went to Madison County, and after spending one year returned to Union 
Township and worked at the carpenter trade with Gen. Irwin. He followed his trade up to 
1844, when he purchased forty-four acres of his present farm. Of this all was woodland with 
no improvements except a log house, which had been partly erected. Everything dwelt in the 
wild dominion of nature, and deer, wolves, and other wild animals were numerous. Mr. Ketch 



316 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

began the work of clearing and improving the farm, and made additions till he now owns 130 
acres. Mr. Ketch was married, December 15, 1839, to Miss Rhoda Converse, daughter of .Jere- 
miah and Malinda (Derby) Converse, natives of Vermont. Mrs. Ketch was born in Madison 
County, Ohio, January 31, 1817. This union was blessed wiih ten children ; of these seven are 
living — Lester W., married Sarah N. Conklin ; Malinda D., wife of Isaac D. Mapes"; Louisa R., 
formerly wife of Isaac J. Kilbury, and since of Perry Douglas ; Lewis J., who was a member of 
Company I, One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was killed 
by a shell while in camp on the Atlanta campaign, August 6, \H6i ; Nancy F., wife of G. W. 
Stevens ; Olive F., died aged two years ; Harriet L., wife of C. C. Smith ; Hiram G , died in in- 
fancy; Hylas R. and Dexter D. .Mr. Ketch served Jerome Township as Justice of the Peace 
fifteen years, and as Trustee three years. !SIr. Ketch is familiar with the general growth and de- 
velopment of the county, his acquaintance with it dating back almost to its organization, and few 
important events occurred within its limits of which he has no knowledge. 

THOMPSON T. KILBURY, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, was born in Madison County, Ohio, 
June6, 1830. His parents, Thomas and Martha (Finch) Kilbury. were natives of Vermont. 
His father and parents removed to Madison County, Ohio, at an early day, and were among the 
first pioneers of Canaan Township. Mr. Kilbury, the father of our subject, took a contract of 
opening up and making the road from New California to Bellepoint. Tnompson was reared and 
brought up in his native place, and received his training in the common schools. He assisted 
his fiither in clearing up the home farm and remained on it till 1853, when he married. He 
rented lands till 1800, when he purchased 15H acres in .Jerome Township. It contained no im- 
provements save a log cabin, which was erected by Frederick Sager, one of the oldest pioneers 
of the county. The building is now used as a stable. March 24, 1853, Mr. Kilbury was mar- 
ried to Miss Darthula, daughter of Amos Perkins. Mrs Kilbury was born in Columbiana Coun- 
ty, Ohio, December 30, 1835. They have had seven children, viz.: Elmore S., born February 
12, 1854; Amanda, September 26, 1855, wife of Edgar Powell; Emilius M.. March 15, 1858; 
Ulysses G., July 9, 1867 ; Emma S., November 3, 1868 ; Clark R., April 20, 1871, and Thomas 
E., February 18, 1873. Mr. and Mrs. Kilbury are connected with the Methodist Episcopal 
Church. He is identified with the I. 0. of 0. F., and in politics is a Republican. He served 
as a member of the Board of Township Trustees nine years, and in other local offices. During 
the war he recruited an independent cavalry company. He declined the Captaincy and was 
given the rank of First Lieutenant. The company finally disbanded and enlisted in the three 
years' term of service. Mr. Kilbury subsequently became a member of tlie home militia. Mr. 
Kilbury owns a valuable farm on the Big Darby, and is engaged in the pursuits of farming. 

J.\C0B KRAMER, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, was born in Center County. Penn., December 
24, 1822. September 20, 1814, his parents, Joseph and Mary (Brown) Kramer, were married, 
and in 1834 came to Madison County, Ohio. The following year they removed to Union Town- 
ship, Union County. Mr. Kramer was a blacksmith and followed it two years at Homer, then 
removed to .Madison County, and died at West Jefferson in August, 1873. Mr.-i. K. had died in 
August, 1849. Jacob is the second son of a family of eleven children. At the early age of 
twelve, he begin and served a four years' apprenticeship at his father's trade. He then turned 
his attention to farming, which he has since followed, e.Kcept the years 1850-51 he spent in driv- 
ing cattle from Illinois to Lancaster, Penn. In 1866, he located on his present farm and has 
since cultivated its soil. November, 1850, he was married to Miss Maria D., daughter of Dan- 
iel and Polly Kent, and a native of Jerome Township. Six children that were born to ihis 
union are as follows : Marilla J., wife of Joseph Wilson ; Mary E., Charles H., Album D., John 
H. and Anna. Mr. Kramer is the fifth child of eleven children, viz.: Sarah, born March 25, 
1815; Mary, May 5, 1816; Lewis, July 24, 1818; Eliza, July 20, 1820; Jacob, the subject of 
this ^ketch ; Hannah, March 9, 1824; John, February 9, 1825; Henry, February 22, 1827 ; 
Isaac C, April 3, 1830; Sarah E., April 22, 1832, and Jerome, April 16, 1834. Mr. Kramer 
owns a farm of fifty-one and a half acres of land. Mrs. Kramer is a member of the United 
Brethren Church, and Mr. K. is a Democrat. 

D.WID C. L.\NE, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, was born in Union Township, this coanty. May 
12, 1820. He is a son of Lutlier and Lodica (Green) Lane, natives of Vermont. They came to 
Union Township in 1818. Mr. Lane died June 2, 1829. Mrs. L. died some four years after 
their settlement in the county. David was left an orphan when a boy, and without any assist- 
ance. He spent three years with James Miller of Union Township, and two years with James 
Pratt. He continued in the employment of the farmers till 1847, when he married and settled 
in Canaan Township, Madison County, where he resided till 1856, when he sought out his pres- 
ent location. His marriage with Elizabeth Cox was blest with five children ; of these four are 
living: Luther S., born February 14, 1848, married Mary J. .Mooney ; George, born May 15, 
1852, married Ella Edwards: Chloe, born July 19, 1855; Mary, born March 24, 1858, and 
Price, born October 18, 1862. Electa, born April 18, 1850, married Ross Mooney, and died 
April 13, 1876, leaving two children — Walter and Ida E.; the latter is deceased. Mrs. Lane was 
born in Ontario, January 11, 1828. Her parents, Spencer and Elizabeth Cox, were natives of 
Ontario, and came to near Cleveland, Ohio, in 1834, and in 1838 to Columbus, thence to Madiso n 
County the following year, where they resided till 1850, and went to Illinois, where they both 
died. Mr. Lane owns a farm of sixty-seven acres. In politics, he is of Republican sentiment. 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 317 

JOHN LIGGETT, farmer, P. 0. New California. The subject of this sketch was born in 
Warren County, Ohio, November 12, 1813. He is a son of John and Mary (McCormick) Lig- 
gett, and a grandson of William Liggett, a Revolutionary soldier. The parents were married in 
Rockbridge County, Va., and about 1806-7 removed to Ross County, Ohio; thence to Warren 
County; and in 1825, to Greene County, where Mr. Liggett died March 19. 1862, and Mrs. L. 
December 5, 1852. Mr. Liggett, our subject, is the third son and fourth child of nine children. 
He spent his early life on a farm near Xenia, Ohio, where he resided till 1839, when he came to 
Union County. He purchased 189 acres of his present farm. All of it was in its timbered 
state, and in 1841 he cleared a site and erected a log house. After his marriage, he removed on 
his new farm, which he cleared and improved. Mr. Liggett has devoted many years of hard 
labor in making for himself and family a competence ; and his industry has been well rewarded. 
His farm now contains 222 aci*es of well-improved and highly cultivated land, all of which is 
the fruit of his own exertions. His avocation has always been that of farming and stock-rais- 
ing, and he has enjoyed reasonable success. November 12, 1841, he was married to Miss Mary 
Lamme, a daughter of Josiah and Nancy (Carman) Lamme. Mrs. Liggett, a native of Greene 
County, Ohio, was born November 24, 1819. Of seven children born to this union, five are liv- 
ing, viz. : Lovina, wife of I. G. Stall, of Union City, Ind. ; Robert A., Clerk of Wayne County, 
Mich. ; William M., Treasurer of Union County ; John W. and Edward G. ; Esma L. and Charlie 
F., are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Liggett are members of the United Presbyterian Church. Mr. 
L., although not an office aspirant, served on tbe Board of Trustees of Jerome Township for 
ten years. Politically, he is a Republican. 

WILLIAM MARTIN, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, 
August 18, 1827, and is a son of David and Leah (Brelsford) Martin, of Maryland. 
The grandfather of our subject, David Martin, settled in the above county in an early day. His 
maternal grandfather, Abram Brelsford, also settled there in an early day, and was a soldier in 
the war of 1812. The parents of our subject came to this couniy in 1835, and settled in 
Jerome Township on the farm where William Martin now resitles. He died on October 24, 184^. 
His mother is living, and resides in Madison County, Ohio. The subject of this sketch is the 
second son of nine children, five of whom are living, viz., William, George, David, Charles an 1 
Mary, \N illiam being the eldest. The care of the family devolved on his hands after the father' s 
death, and for three years he supported them, then started out in life for himself. He rented a 
while, then purchased half of the homestead. February 28, 1851, he was married to Elizabeth 
Kile, by whom he has had four children ; three are living — Delilah, wife of John Warner; 
Laura J., wife of Robert Purdum, and David W. Mrs. Martin is a daughter of William and 
Elizabeth Kile. She was born in Licking County, Ohio, February 9, 1834. In 1864, Mr. Mar- 
tin enlisted in Company K, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Regiment of the Ohio National 
Guard service. He was honorably discharged in September, 1864. Mr. Martin is engaged in 
farming and stock-raising. He was a poor boy when thrown upon the world, but by his energy 
and industry he has made a reasonable competence. 

ANDREW H. McCAMPBELL, farmer, P. 0. New California, was born in Rockbridge 
County, Va., July 1, 1821. His parents, William and Elizabeth (Porter) McCampbell, were also 
natives of Rockbridge County. Mr. McCampbell was born June 7, 1783. His father, William 
McCampbell, Sr., emigrated with his family from Ireland previous to the Revolution, and settled 
in Rockbridge County, Va. He served in the war that secured the independence of the States, 
after which he returned to his family, and died March 26, 1822, at the age of eighty-two years. 
His widow, Jane McCampbell, to wlaom he was married in 1768, died June 5, 1827, having at- 
tained to the age of eighty-three. Mrs. McCampbell nee Porter, the mother of our subject, was 
born September 7, 1786. Her father was also a native of Ireland, and came to the United States 
in time to serve the country in the Revolutionary struggles. Mr. and Mrs. McCampbell, the 
parents of the subject whose name heads this sketch, were married January 19, 1806. In 18o2, 
they removed to Greene County, Ohio, and two years later, to Jerome Township, Union County, 
where Mr. McCampbell died November 10, 1853. His widow survived him till May 1, 1872. 
They were the parents of thirteen children, twelve of whom they reared to maturity, viz. : 
M'lry B., William, Bobert S., John, Samuel P., James L., Joseph P., James C, Andrew H., 
David T., Charles, Alfred and Elizabeth. Mr. McCampbell, the subject of this biography, spent 
his early manhood on a farm, and received his education chiefly in the common schools of 
Jerome Township. His early life was given to clearing up the old homestead, which contained 
400 acres. When he attained his majority, he served an apprenticeship under his brother at 
the cooper trade, which he pursued ten years. In 1845, he purchased a small firm of sixty 
acres, locating on it the succeeding year. He occupied this land till 1852, when he disposed of 
it and bought 108 acres of woodland, now constituting a part of his present farm. He has 
since given his whole attention to the pursuit of his farm and stock and has made a marked 
success He has as the fruits of his energy and industry a farm of 544 acres of finely improved 
and w 11 cultivated land. Mr. McCampbell is one of the most thorough and successful fanners 
in Union County. December 31, 1846, he was united in marriage to Miss Maria Mitchell, 
a daughter of Jesse Mitchell now deceased. Of seven children by this union, five are now 
living — Telia, wife of T. B. Arnold, now of Minneapolis, Minn., James D., Jesse C, George 



318 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

W. and Emma, who is at home. Aaron C. and Rosa are deceased. Mr. McCampbell and family 
are consistent members of the United Presbyterian Church. Politically, Mr. McCampbell is a 
supporter of Republican principles. He served bis township in the capacity of Land Appraiser 
two terms and Trustee one term ; and has also filled other local offices. In the improvements 
of the township, he has always displayed an active part, having paid out to the construction of 
pikes over $3,000. As a citizen and a man, Mr. McCampbell occupies an honorable position in 
the community and county. 

PAVID McCAMPBELL, farmer, P. 0. New California, seventh son of William and Eliza- 
beth McCampbell, was born in Rockbridge County, Va., May 15, 1823. He came to the county 
with his parents when a boy, and remained at home till of age. His early life was spent with 
his brothers in clearing up the homestead. In 1864, he removed to the farm he now occupies. 
In 1843, he engaged in butchering, and followed it continuously till 1878, when he retired from 
that avocation, and turned his attention wholly to farming. For two years he kept a provision 
and meat store in Plain City, and enjoyed a good trade. He owns a valuable farm of 192 acres, 
located one mile east of New California. February 25, 1849, Mr. McCampbell was joined in 
marriage with Miss Elizabeth M. McCuUough, a daughter of Samuel McCulIough, an early pio- 
neer of Union County. Mrs. McC. was born in Jerome Township, May, 1826. This marriage 
was blessed with five children, viz.: Achpor N.; .John II., married Miss Rose Hutchinson, and 
have three children — Harry C, Frank L. and Nellie M. ; Eva R., Zenas C. and Maggie M. Mr. 
and Mrs. McCampbell are consistent members of the United Presbyterian Church. Mr. McC. is 
in politics a Republican. July 15, 1880, he fell from an apple tree and had his hip broken, which 
disabled him from active work. His sons have since conducted the farm. 

ALFRED McCAMPBELL, farmer, P. 0. New California, second youngest child of William 
and Elizabeth (Porter) McCampbell, was born in Rockbridge County, Va., May 6, 1827. He 
came to the county with his parents when a boy of seven years. He was brought up on the 
farm he now occupies, and his training was received in the common schools. He aided his father 
to clear up the farm, and remained with him till his death. December 23, 1853, he was married 
to IMiss Rosanna, a daughter of John and Ellen Cratty, and a native of Delawai-e County, where 
she was born April 23, 1826. Of five children by this union, four are living, viz.: Elizabeth 
A., born October 29, 1854, is a teacher; Mary E., born October 5, 1856, is a teacher; Ada, born 
September 16, 1862, and Cora, boi-n December 8, 1866. Lucinda (deceased), born March 12, 
1859, married L. C. McDowell, and died September 8, 1881. Mr. and Mrs. McCampbell are 
earnest members of the United Presbyterian Church. Politically, Mr. McC. is Republican. 
He owns 148 acres of the old homestead, and is engaged in the pursuits of his farm. 

DAVID McCLUNG, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, was born in Jerome Township, August 14, 
1825. His parents, Joseph and Margaret (Conner) McClung, were natives of Pennsylvania, and 
emigrated to Union County about the time Ohio was admitted into the Union as a State. Mr. 
McClung served in the war of 1812, and was discharged on account of disibility from a broken 
leg. He settled on the Jesse Mitchell farm, formerly owned by his wife's parents, Patrick and 
Polly Conner. They were originally from Pennsylvania, and came to the county among its ear- 
liest settlers. Mr. Conner became tlie owner of oUO acres of land in Jerome Township, which he 
occupied till he removed to Amity, Madison County, where he died, July 12, 1840. ^Ir. Mc- 
Clung purchased 200 acres of land and lived on it till his death, August 13, 1843. His widow 
survived him till 1865. Our subject is the eldest son of nine children. He married Mary J. 
Cox, a daughter of Spencer Cox, and a native of Canada. They have the followino; children : 
Fillmore J., Fremont, Elizabeth, Laura, Lurinda, Willie, Minnie, John and Charles. Mr. Mc- 
Clung owns ninety acres of the original homestead. He and wife are members of the Baptist 
Church. In politics, he is a Republican. 

ROBERT McCRORY, farmer, P. 0. Jerome, was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, April 8, 
1837, and is a son of William and Lavina McCrory, of Pennsylvania and Virginia. His fiither 
was born in 18u6 and his mother in 1809. They came to this township in 1852, in which he 
bought 393 acres of land, on which he lived till his death, which occurred June 4, 1864. His 
mother died January 2, 1877. Both were consistent members of the United Presbyterian Church, 
to which they belonged many years. Our subject is the eldest of a family of seven children. He 
obtained a practical education in the common and select schools, which was more fully developed 
by a four years' course of study at Oberlin College. At the breaking-out of the late war, he quit 
school and enlisted, August 6, 1861, in Company E, Thirtieth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 
which was subsequently annexed to the Fifteenth Army Corps. He participated in the battles 
of Cai-niffx Ferry, second battle of Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, Champion Hill, siege 
of Vicksburg, and a number of smaller engagements. He served with distinction, and was hon- 
orably discharged at Vicksburg September 17, 1863. Upon his return to civil life, he resumed 
farming, and in April, 1877, he located upon his present premises. In 1880, he established a 
tile mill, with which he has been successful. In 1882, he added a saw mill to his other manu- 
facturing enterprise. His farm consists in thirty acres, which is a part of the old homestead. 
November 25, 1869, he was married to Anna M., daughter of David and Nancy Graham, by whom 
he has had six children, viz.: Matie L., Margaret, Anna B., Nancy M., Ella M. and William 6. 
He and wife are connected with the United Presbyterian Church. He is a Justice of the Peace, 
and is a gentleman of fine executive ability. Has also served as Township Clerk. Politically, 
he is a Republican. 




^ ®/ Wl^^- 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 321 

SAMUEL McCULLOUGII (deceased) was born in Darby Township October 10, 1800. 
He was a son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Mitchell) McCullough, natives of Pennsylvania. They 
were married in their native place, and in 1799, with one child — Alexander — came West and 
located near the Mitchell settlement in Darby Township, where Mr. McCullough died in .June, 
1800. He was the first white man that died in the county, and there being no lumber nearer 
than Chillicothe, his neighbors framed a cotfin out of the slabs of a black walnut tree and he 
was interred in the old Mitchell Cemetery. His widow survived him over forty years, she dying 
in 1841. Samuel was the second of two sons. When five years old his mother married .John 
Taylor and removed to Darby Township, Madison County, where she died. In 182.5, Mr. Mc- 
Cullough returned to his native township and remained one year, then removed to Jerome Town- 
ship, where he bought a farm of 100 acres ; all was in woods, and he cleared a site and erected 
a log cabin, in which he resided till 18-3H, when he built a frame residence. He was married 
June 23, 182-3, to Margaret Robinson, daughter of Samuel and Martha Robinson. Mrs. McCul- 
lough was born in Franklinton, Franklin County, March 21, 1807. Of the five children this 
family were blessed with, but two are living, viz.: Elizabeth M.,born May 4, 1826, married David 
McCanipbell ; Nancy J., born February, 1831, married John Mitchell, and died March 7, 
1873; John T , born May 11, 1833; Matilda A., born February 12, 183tj, married George Cole- 
man and died November 26, 1872, and Zenas 0., born April 29, 184-5, and died September 24, 
1869. Mr. McCullough, by his industry and economy, acquired large and valuable property, 
owning at his death -500 acres of land. His death occurred April 7, 1871. He was one of the 
early members of the United Presbyterian Church, and died as an Elder. He had been identi- 
fied with that denomination since 1826. He was a life member of the American Bible Society. 
As a man, he was consistent, and as neighbor and citizen he was upright and honorable. 

JOHN T. McCULLOUGH, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, was born on the old homestead in 
Jerorne Township, May 11, 1833. He is the eldest son of Samuel McCullough, whose history is 
given elsewhere in this volume. Mr. ^IcCullough was reared to manhood on the farm, and ob- 
tained his education in the common schools of his native place and Marysville select sciiools. 
He remained at home and conducted the farm till his father's death. In 1862, he located on 
the part of the homestead he now occupies, and has since resided there. October 30, 1860, he 
was united in marriage to Miss Mary, daughter of William and Mary Bigger. Mrs. McCul- 
lough was born November 21, 1833, and departed this life June 25, 1878, leaving two sons — 
Samuel B., born August 30, 1869, and Frank B., born May 14, 1871. Mr. McCullough cele- 
brated his second marriage March 20, 1879, with Miss Vienna Robinson, a native of Darby 
Township, and a daughter of Samuel and Nancy Robinson. Mrs. McCullough was born August 
27, 1848. May 11, 1864, Mr. McCullough volunteered his services in Company K, One Hundred 
and Thirty-sixth Regiment Ohio National Guards, and after one hundred days of garrison duty 
at Alexandria, Va., he was honorably discharged, after which he returned to civil life and re- 
sumed the avocation of farming. His brother, Zenice H., was a member of the same company. 
He resides on the old homestead. September 29. 1869, he met with an accident with a thresh- 
ing machine, which resulted in his death. Mr' McCullough is a prominent citizen of Jerome 
Township, and is successfally engaged in agriculture and stock-raising. He owns 270 acres of 
well-improved and highly-cultivated laud. Mr. McCullough is a public-spirited man and has 
aided largely in the construction of numerous pikes. As a man and citizen, he is respected and 
esteemed. 

JOHN R. McDowell, farmer, P. 0. New California, one of Union County's early pioneers, 
was bofn in York County, Penn., March 22, 1809. His parents, John and Jane (Reed) Mc- 
Dowell, were natives of Pennsylvania, and emigrated to Ohio at the beginning of the late war 
with Great Britain, and settled near Milford Center. Mr. McDowell purchased a small farm in 
Union Township, and resided on it till his death, October 1-5, 1826. His widow survived him 
till June 8, 1861. Our subject is the only f-urviving son of his father. His boyhood and early 
manhood were passed in the primeval forests of Union Township. When of age, he engaged in 
working by the month, and followed it some years, at wages from $7 to $9 per month. It was 
in this way that he secured his start. March 28, 18-50, he purchased 132 acres of his present 
farm, which wai principally woodland. He made subsequent additions to this purchase till he 
owned 325 acres of land, most of which he cleared and improved. Mr. McDowell has spent 
most of his life as a pioneer, and the principal growth and development of the county has taken 
place within his recollection. His first marriage occurred November 5, 1835, with Miss Mary 
Porter, daughter of John Porter, by whom he had ten children, of these six are living — William 
G., John P., Newton L., Calvin R., Leander C. and Mary A. Mrs. McDowell was born in Erie 
County, Penn., January 7, 1812, and died August 1, 1877. Mr. McDowell was again married 
June 30, 1881, to Mrs. Sarah Katon, widow of James Katon, and daughter of Daniel and Eliza- 
beth Brookhart. Mrs. McDowell was born in Perry County, Ohio, December 31, 1826. She is 
the mother of five children by her former husband. Of these, but one, Ezra, is living. Mr. 
McDowell had three sons — Robert N.. Jesse V. and John P., who were soldiers in the Union 
army. Robert was a member of Company B, Thirty-second Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 
and died in the hospital at Winchester, Va., October 4, 1862. Jesse enlisted in Company D, 
Fortieth Regiment, and was drowned in the Big Sandy River, February 24, 1862. John was a 
member of the same company as Robert. He served over four years, veteranizing in 1864, 

18 



322 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

HIRAM McKITRICK. deceased, was born in Licking County, Ohio, May 9, 1828, and is a 
son of John and Sarah McKitrick, who came to that county and settled in Concord Township, in 
1839. He was the eldest of a family of eleven children, and when a young man learned the 
cooper trade. February '20, 1851, he was married to Maria L., daughter of John and Keziah 
(Bishop) Urton, of Virginia. Mrs. McKitrick was born December 25, 1830, and bore her hus- 
band eight children, five of whom are living, viz.: Albert, George, John, Llewellyn and Will- 
iam. The deceased were named Elma E., Olive J. and Mary M. Mr. McKitrick bought a 
farm of 136 Hcres in 1870. In 1877, he built a house at a cost of $1,800, and in 1870 a barn at 
a cost of $350. He died February 28, 1875. He was a member of the Independent Order of 
Odd Fellows, and both he and wife belonged to the United Presbyterian Church. 

WILLIAM McKITRICK, farmer. P. 0. New California, was born in Licking County, Ohio, 
November 1, 1832. He is the third child of John and Sarah McKitrick, who were natives 6f 
Pennsylvania. When six years of age his parents moved to Delaware County, and the following 
year t > Jerome Township, where he was reared. November 10, 1853, he was married to AHss 
Eliza A., daughter of Silas Bell. Mrs. McKitrick was born May 2, 1832, and departed this life 
February 12, 1870, leaving five children, viz.: James A., born March 11, 1856 ; John S., born 
Januar> 4, 1858; Phineas D., born July 30, 1860; Cora A. and Nora I. (twins), born June 30, 
1866. Mr. McKitrick marrifd the second time, November 23, 1873, to Susan C. Robinson, 
daugliter of James and Mary Robinson. Mrs. M. was born in Jerome Township, September 18, 
1835. One son Wade, born June 2, 1877, was born to this marriage. March 29, 1866, Mr. 
McKitrick removed to his present farm, which contains 108 acres. Mrs. M. is a member of the 
Presbyterian Church of Plain City. Mr. M. is Democratic in his politics. 

JOSEPH W. MICHAEL, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, the only surviving child of Joseph and 
Sarah (Hattan) Michael, was born in Frederick County, Md., March 6, 1830. His mother 
died when be was but seven years of age, and the following spring (of 1836), his father migrated 
to Franklin County, Ohio. He died March 1, 1882, aged seventy-eight years. In 1840, our 
subject went to live with his uncle, Gisbert Hattan, with whom he remained till of age. They 
removed to Union County in 1852, and resided here till their death. Mr. Hattan died Novem- 
ber 22, 1874. Mr. Michael was married April 6, 1804, to Evaline Coon, a native of Union 
County, by whom he had twelve children; of these ten are living — Catharine E,, wife ©f William 
Hudson; Melissa E., Susanna, John G., Joseph H., Adam A., Ann V., William W., Albert H. and 
Eddie. Sarah A. and Evaline are deceased. Mrs. Michael is a daughter of James and Elizabeth 
Coon, and was born April 30, 1835, Mr. Michael is the owner of 184J acres of land, and is by 
occupation an agriculturist and stock-raiser. 

JAMES R. MITCHELL, farmer, P. 0. New California, was born on the home farm in 
Jerome Township, December 5, 183i). He is the eldest son of Jesse and Elizabeth (Robinson) 
Mitcliell, and a grandson of Judge Mitchell, an early settler of Darby Township, and a prom- 
inent pioneer of Union County, He was reared and brought up on the farm whereon he was 
born, and was educated in the common schools of his naiive place. He aided his father in clear- 
ing up I lie farm, which was all in woods at the time of his birth. In 1851, his father gave him 
116 aires, to which he added 100 acrer< more. He settled on his new firm at the lime of his 
marriage, and occupied it till the death of his brother in the late war in 1863, when he removed 
on the iild farm and had charge of his father during his last days. In 1881, he purchased 100 
acres of the farm his father left, and now owns a tract of 769 acres. Mr. Mitchell has spent 
most of his life in hewing down the forests and clenring the land, and the well-improved and 
finely culiivaled acres of his exten-ive farm are mostly the result of his entiring energyand in- 
dustry. Since 1867, he has directed his attention largely to rearing and dealing in stock. The 
summer of 1881, he erected a commodious residence, at a cost of |3,500. April 1, 1857, he was 
united in marriage to Miss Olive A. Gill, a daughter of Jesse and Jane Gill. Mrs. Mitchell was 
born in Allen Township, December 19, 1830. They were ble sed with s xchildren, all of whom 
are living, viz : Sarah, John W., William G,, James F., Aaron H. and Jennie C. Mr, and Mrs, 
Miiciu'il are members of the Presbyterian Church, Politically, Mr. M, has always been Demo- 
cratic, 

J.\COB MOONEY, farmer, P 0. Jerome, was born in Washington County, Penn., Decem- 
ber 2(», 1816. He is a son of John and Mary (.McVey) Mooney, natives of Maryland and Penn- 
sylvania, respectively, and a grandson of a Mr. Mooney who came from Ireland before the Rev- 
oluiionary war. Jacob's parents removed to Jeiferson County, Ohio, in 1824, and resided there 
till l'-6J. when they came to Jerome Town.^hip. iNlr. Mooney died October 12, 1869. His wife 
died in 1836. Jacob was reared principa ly in Jeff'erson County, and in 1854 came to Jerome 
Township and bought eighty acres of land. October 4, 1841, he and Miss Rosanna Winters, 
daugliter of Isaiah and Elizabeth Winters, were married. Mrs. Mooney was born in Jefferson Coun- 
ty, May 2, 1822. They have six t-hihlren. viz.: Johnson, born July 26, 1842, married Susan 
C. Freshwater; Rhoda W., born April 20, 1844, wife of George Wollpert ; Mary J,, born Sep- 
tembfr 10, 1846, wife of Luther Lane ; Hosa W,, born March 4, 1851), married Emily Bigelow; 
Cathsirine K., born July 3, 1857, wife of William Stewart ; and Olive E., born December 4, 1863, 
and died April 6, 1865. Mr, Mooney owns a farm of eighty acres, and pursues the avocation of 
farming Hud reariirg fine sheep. 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 323 

JOHN MOSS, farmer, P. 0. New California, a native of Lancastershire, England, was born 
Aprils, 1806. His parents, Robert and Margaret (Kelsey) Moss, were natives of the same 
"sliire." Our subject was reared principally in Yorkshire. In 1830, he crossed the waters and 
settled in Chester County, Penn.. and afterward removed to Allegheny County, where he lived 
till he came to Union County in 1853. Ho purchased 165 acres of land, and subsequently added 
thirty acres, which constitutes his present farm. His marriage, in 1836, to Miss Dorcas Huston, 
was blessed with three children: David, Amanda and Margaret A. Mrs. Moss is a daughter 
of William and Nancy Huston. She was born in Chester County, Penn., March 11, 1812. Mr. 
Moss owns a well-improved farm, most of which he cleared himself. He is engaged in agri- 
culture and stock-raising. For the last twenty five years he has made a leading pursuit in keep- 
ing Spanish merino sheep, and has had fair success. 

DAVID MOSS, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, only son of John and Dorcas Moss, wis born in 
Allegheny County, Penn., August 7, 1838. In 18-53, he accompanied his parents to Union Coun- 
ty, where he grew to manhood. His education he received in the select schools of Frankfort. 
The spring of 1875, he L cated on the farm he now occupies. He owns a valuable farm of 200 
acres, and is engaged in firming and stock-raising. The leading pursuit of his occupation is 
keeping Spanish merino sheep, in which he does rather an extensive business. He h^s a flock 
of from 300 to 400 head, and has been successful. April 8, 1873, he was married to Margaret 
Neill, daughter of Samuel and Mary Neill. Mrs. Moss was born in Washington County, Penn., 
January 13, 1835. She is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Politically, Mr. Moss is Re- 
publican. 

ROBERT NORRIS, farmer, P. 0. Jerome, was born in Harrison County, Ohio, August 4, 
1831. His father, John G. Norris, came from England in 1817, and settled in Harrison County, 
where he married Sarah McMillen, who died in that county September 11, 1842. In 1867, Mr. 
Norris came to Jerome Township, where he died M»y 16, 1874. He was a local minister in the 
Protestant Methodist Church, and subsequently of the Wesleyan Methodist, in which belief 
he died. The subject of this sketch was reared to manhood on the old homestead, and edu- 
cated in the common schools ; he was married March 9, 1856, to Phebe Armstrong, by whom he 
had tA'o children; one, John W., is living. Mrs. Norris departed this life December 31, 1859, 
and July 4, 1861, Mr. N. was married to Susan, daughter of .lohn and Elizabeth Hass. Two 
children — Kdward H. and Matilda J. — were horn to this union. In 1860, Mr. Norris moved to 
this coun'y and purchased his present farm which contains ninety acres. August 15, 1862, he 
entered the ranks of the Union army in Company E, Thirtieth Regiment Ohio Vo'unteer Infan- 
try. He was active in the battles before Vicksburg, Mission Ridge, and in all the engage- 
meuts on the Atlanta campaign except Resaca. Ai the close of the war, he was honorably dis- 
charged and returned home. Mr. and Mrs. Norris are associated with the Methodist Episcopal 
Church. In politics, Mr. N. is of Republican sentiment. 

ZACHARIAH NOTEMAN, ftxrmer, P. O. PI .in Cit^, one of the oldest pioneers of Jerome^ 
was born on the farm where he now resides Jiu'iary 29, 1811. His father, Andrew Noteman, 
was born near Harper's Ferry, Va., June 1, 1773, and his mother, Elizabeth Brown, was born 
in Ireland September 13, 1773, and brought to America by her parents when a child, Mr. 
Notem >n was first married in Maryland and became the father of one daughter — Jinsie, who 
mar'ied John Taylor and subsequently died. After the death of his wife, Mr. Not man went 
to Koss County, Ohio, where he was married to Mrs. Elizabeth McCune, 7iee Brown, by whom he 
had two dildren. In 1801, the year before Ohio was erected as a State, he removed with his 
family to Union County and settled on the farm which is occupied by the subject of this sketch. 
He bought 100 acres and cleared a site for a house. lie cleared his farm and among other im- 
provements he made was an orchaid of one hundred apple trees which he panted. Of this 
number but three of the trees are now living. One of the trees was reraarkaby thrifty, and at- 
taine I a circumference of nine feet and two inches. Mr. Ncteman afterward added eighty acres 
to the original purchase and partially cleared it. He was one of the organizers and founders 
of the Meihodist Episcopal Church, known as the Noteman Church, and was an active worker in 
it till h'S death. Our subject was reared and brought up to the pursuits of the farm, and 
was educated in the common schools of the day. He well remembers seeing the Indians who 
then dwelt here in roving band". In 1818. he made a trip to Lower Sandusky with his father to 
procure s ilt and provisions. He aide I his father in clearing up the farm and remained with 
him till his death.. In January, 1835, Mr. Notemm wis joined in marriage with Ann G. Mor- 
rison, a daughter of Samuel and Aarnes Morrison, t>y whom he had nine chihlren. Of these 
but three survive — Nancy E., wife of R. McCloud. Lucretii and William M. Mrs. Noteman de- 
part e 1 this life March 18, 1858. and .March 1, 1860, Mr. N. was married to Mrs. Amanda Hom- 
shrr, widow of David Horasher, and daughter of William and Mary A. Sprout. Mrs. N. was 
born iu Lancaster County, Penn., De. ember 2, 1S3I. Of seven children by this marri'ge, five 
ai-rt living — John, Oiway C, Eva D, Myrtle and Aaron N.; Harry and James ae deceased. 
Mrs. Noteman had two children by her first husband — Margaret A. (now deceased) aud David 
AV. Mr Noteman was identified with the Whigs till the formation of the Republican parly, 
when he united with its rank-. He acted in the capacity of Township Trustee about ten years, 
be>ides oiher local oflSces whiih he filled. He owns 103 acres — the old homestead — aud follows 
the avocation of farming. 



324 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

B. H. PICKETT, farmer, P. 0. Jerome, a native of Moorefield Township, Harrison Co., Ohio 
was born May 7, 1822. His father, Peter Pickett, was a native of Dutchess County, N. Y. ; he 
went as a sailor boy when eighteen, and followed the water for thirty years. He was a soldier 
in the war of 1812, under Commodore Perry, and participated in the battle of Lake Erie, where 
he was seriously wounded. He died .January 13, 1854, aged seventy-four years. His mother, 
Elizabeth Mills, was born in Montgomery County, Md., and moved to Harrison County, Ohio, 
with her parents, Elias and Nancy (Harris) Mills, when she was eighteen years old ; she died 
October 31, 1857. Our subject is the eldest of nine children. In September, 1858. he purchased 
and located on his present farm, where he has since resided. May 12, 184tt, he was married to 
Eliza A., daughter of John and Sarah (McMuUen) Norris, and a native of Harrison County, 
where she was born November 26, 1827. Of nine children by this union, seven are living — 
Sarah E., wife of Alexander Pall; Harriet A., wife of Sylvester Kent ; John 11., James F., 
Rhoda J., deceased, Hardin, Isabel E.. Clara M., deceased, HoUaind L. and AUie E. Mrs. 
Pickett died May 20, 1874, and May 11, the following year, Mr. P. married Mrs. Rachael A. 
Beach, widow of Amos Beach, and daughter of .Jacob Frederick. One daughter — Jessie L.. was 
born to this marriage. Mrs. Pickett had five children by her former husband — ^Ella, wife of 
L. Preston, Emory, Martha, Mary, wife of Diniel Andrews, and Matilda. Mrs. P. was born in 
Union County February 5, 1835. Mr. Pickett owns a farm of sixty-three acres. 

JOHN H. PRESTON, fai'mer, P. 0. Jerome, a native of Licking County, Ohio, born October 7, 
1816. His parents, Jonathan and Harriet (Homer) Preston, were respectively natives of Wash- 
ington and Fayette Counties, Penn. The former was born February 26, 1791, and the latter 
February 5, 1796. They married December 5, 1813, and in 1816 migrated to Licking County, 
Ohio, where they both died, Mr. P. September 29, 1856, and Mrs. Preston July 17, 1881. They 
had born to them twelve children, of whom our subject is the second child. April 7, 1847, he 
came and located oa his present farm. May 27, 1841, he was married to Miss Eliza Wagner, 
daughter of John and Nancy (Cross) Wagner, and a native of Licking County, where she was 
born September 12, 1820. Their children are as follows : Thomas H., born December 23, 1842 ; 
Milligan A., born March 28, 1844 ; Loammi R., born July 26, 1846 ; Harriet M., born July 22, 
1852, wife of J. C. Barker; and Martha J., born January 3, 1858, wife of James Andrews. Mr. 
Preston owns eighty acres of land, which he cleared up. He and wife are members of the Meth- 
odist Episcopal Church. 

GEORGE M. RICKARD, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, was born in Loudoun County. Va.. Sep- 
tember 24, 1816. His parents, Simon and Mary M. (Sanbower) Rickard, were also natives of 
Loudoun County. The former was born June 9, 1790, ^nd the latter April 16. 1793. Hisgrand- 
father, Simon Rickard, Sr., was born in the same county, and was a soldier in the American 
Revolution. He died some years afier in his native place. The parents of our subject were 
married November 20, 1813, and in 1818 removed to Culpeper County, where they resided till 
1828, and migrated to Union County, Ohio, locating in what is now Darby Township. In April 
of the following year, Mr. Rickard rented a farm in Jerome Township, of Frederick Sager, and 
occupied it ten years. At the expiration of this time he purchased 120 acres of land, which was 
mostly in woods. He died .January 5, 1844, and his widow August 5, 1862. Mr RickarJ was 
a private in the late war with Great Britain, having enlisted when a resident of Virginia. He 
served Jerome Township as Trustee for several years and filled various other local otfices. He 
aided in founding the Lutheran Cliurch of his township, and was prominently connected with it 
till his death. Mr. Rickard had tbree brothers — Peter, Michael and George. Peter moved to 
Sangamon County, III., in 1830, and died in 1860 ; Michael settled in Hancock County, 111., and 
was Juige of the Common Pleas Court during the Mormon troubles, and died in 1857; George 
died in Virginia in 1880. Mr. Rickard, the subject Of this notice, is the second son. He was 
reared to manhood on the farm his father located when he (George) was a bay, and received his 
education in the district schools of his native place. In early life he formed strong tastes for the 
farm, and has always followed that avocation on the most thoroughly scientific principles. His 
farm, which contains 600 acres, is one of the best improved and finely cultivated in the county. 
Mr. Rick*rd is also engaged in rearing and dealing in live stock of a good grade, and has ac- 
quired a marked success in keeping Spanish merino sheep, and Norman, Clydesdale and Belgium 
horses, which he has exhibited at both the Union County and Ohio State Fairs. In the pursuits 
of life, Mr. Rickard has been very successful and ranks second to none in the county as an agri- 
culturist. Although not an aspirant for official honors, he has been chosen to the office of Town- 
ship Trustee ten consecutive terms, and performed its duties with credit to himself. His mar- 
riage, February 11, 1845, to Miss Eliza Carey, was blest with three children ; of these two are 
living — John, born April 22, 1853. and Clark, born October 12, 1855. Mary F., the only 
daughter, was born June 9, 1851, and died September 9, 1872. Mrs. Rickard was born in Madi- 
son County January 15, 1821. She is a daughter of Abijah and Catharine (Johnson) Carey, and 
a granddaughter of Luther Carey (originally Cary), who emigrated from Ireland before the Rev- 
olutionary war. Mr. and Mrs. Rickard are associated as members of the Presbyterian Churca, 
in which he is an Elder and Trustee. 

JOHN M. ROBINSON, farmer, P. 0. New California, was born in Darby Township, Union 
County, Ohio, February 29, 1820. He isason of Thomas and Sarah (Modervvell) Robinson, (he 
former a native of Lancaster County and the latter of York County. They were married and 



• JEROME TOWNSHIP. 325 

emigrated to the West in 1805, settlingin Darby Township, where they were among the earliest 
pioneers. The country was heavily wooded and populated with its original inhabitants — Indians 
and wild 'animals. Mr. Robinson located 200 acres of this woodland about three miles from the 
Mitchell settlement, where resided his nearest neighbors. Mr. Robinson cleared up most of 
this farm, and afterwai-d added 100 acres, which were situated on the opposite side of the stream. 
About the same time he entered 160 acres of land in Henry County. He was for several terms 
Trustee of Darby Township, and was prominently connected with the United Presbyterian Darby 
Church for over fifty years. He died near New California. His marriage to Miss Sarah Moder- 
well was blest with six children, viz.: Adam P., Sarah J., James D., Thomas, John M., the sub- 
ject of this sketch, and Alexander C. Our subject was reared on the old home farm, and re- 
mained with his father till 1847, when he came to Jerome Township and bought fifty acres of 
land, to which he added sixty-nine acres more. In 1864, he purchased and located on his pres- 
ent farm. He was first married in January, 1845, to Miss Mary J. Roney, a daughter of James 
Roney, and a native of Chester County, Penn. Of nine children by this union, seven are living: 
Chester L., Elvira,'' wife of David McKitrick, Delbert, Maria, Oscar and Olive (twins) and 
Anna. Mrs . Robinson died January 28, 1864, and Mr. R. was married'the second time, June 8. 
1865, to Miss Harriet E., daughter of William and Elizabeth Taylor. Mrs. Robinson was born 
in Campaign County, Ohio, June 11, 1832. Hattie M. and Bert S. were born to this marriage. 
Mr. and Mrs. Robinson are respectively connected with the Presbyterian and Baptist Churches. 
Mr. R. is an Elder. He is connected with the I. 0. 0. F., and in politics is a Republican. He 
has seived Jerome Township as Assessor thirteen years. For the past four years Mr. Robinson 
has been contractor in the construction of pikes, with the exception of which time, he has pursued 
the avocation of farming and stock-raising. 

SAMUEL H. RUEHLEN, faVmer, P. 0. New California, one of Union County's veterans, 
was born in Fairfield County, Ohio, November 23, 1842. His parents, John and Christina (Bride- 
ham) Ruehlen, were natives of Germany and Pennsylvania respectively. His father was born 
February 28, 1802, and crossed the Atlantic in 1828, settling in Fairfield County, Ohio, where 
he married. Mrs. Ruehlen was born in 1810, and, in 1826, removed with her parents to Fair- 
field County. Mr. Ruehlen came to Union County in 1847, and, in 1871, moved to Logan County, 
where he died, August 28, 1878. His widow followed him to the spirit land November 5, 1881. 
They reared eight children, of which our subject is the third. He was reared to manhood on a 
farm. In May, 1861, he shouldered his musket and entered the ranks of the Union army, in 
Company K, Seventeenth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He served four months, and re- 
enlisted December 1, the same year, in Company K, First Ohio Cavalry. He was engaged with 
the cavalry in the following leading battles: Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Rome, Ga., 
Moulton, Atlanta and Nashville, and a number of minor engagements. Mr. Ruehlen served 
three years with signal bravery, and was honornbly discharged December 6, 1864. He returned 
home, and, December 31, 1865, married Susanna, daughter of James B. and iNIartha A. Dort. 
Mrs. Ruehlen was born near New California April 10, 1843. They were blessed with seven 
children, six of whom are living, viz.: George W., born March 1, 1867; Martha A., March 9, 
1869 ; Frank, February 3, 1873 ; Diadama, April 30, 1875 ; Charlie, August 2, 1877, and La Motte, 
October 9, 1880. Mr. Ruehlen located on his present farm, which now contains 171 acres, in 
1869. He is a successful farmer and stock-raiser. He and wife are connected with the Meth- 
odist Episcopal Church. He is connected with the G. A. R. of Plain City, and, in politics, is a 
stanch Republican. 

SAMIFEL C. RYAN, farmer, P. 0. Jerome, a native of Warren County, N. J., was born Sep- 
tember 6, 1842. He is a son of Patrick and Martha (Cornell) Ryan, the former a native of 
County Kilkenny, Ireland, and the latter of Warren County, N. J. His father was born March 
17, 1810, and came to Quebec in 1823-25, and in 1828 came to the States. In 1842, he came to 
Columbus, and to Jerome Township in 1850, where he died August 2, 1863. He was married, 
in 1834, to Martha Cornell, by whom he had two sons and two daughters, viz.: Joanna, born 

March 5, 1835, died April 24, 1836; William T., born May 4, 1837, died ; Ellen, 

born June 14, 1839, died January 4, 1870, and Samuel C, the subject of this sketch. Our sub- 
ject was reared to manhood on the farm, and educated in the common schools. He has always 
occupied the homestead, and now owns 134 acres of highly cultivated land. 

H. B. SEELY, merchant, P.O. Jerome, was born in Monroe County, N. Y., December 5, 1835. 
In 1849, his parents, T. O. and Caroline Seely, removed from York State to Delaware County, 
Ohio, Mr. Seely was brought up on a farm, and educated in the district schools. He followed 
the vocation of a farmer up to 1865, when he came to Jerome Township and worked at carpenter- 
ing one year. He entered the store of H. Lewis as clerk, and occupied that position till 1869, 
and the following year bought a stock of goods for himself, and has since been engaged in mer- 
chandising, doing a successful business. His marriage with Miss Lurinda Wells, daughter of 
James and Lovina Wells, which occurred June 24, 1H62, was blessed with seven children — Sher- 
man B., Albert L., Clifton, Anna, Jean, Mabel and EfFa. Mr. Seely erected a store building in 
1882, 24 feet by 70 feet in size, at a cost of $1,500. He carries a stock of goods amounting to 
$2,500, and enjoys an annual sale of $12,000. 

JOHN J. STEWART, farmer, was born in Shenandoah County, Va., July 12, 1825, and is 
a son of James and Wierlinda (Rutter) Stewart. His mother died when he was a year and a 



326 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. * 

half old, and in 1838 his father removed to Dublin, Franklin County, Ohio, in which he lived 
till 1840, when he came to this township. He was a cabinet maker, having learned hii trade in 
Virginii, and followed the same for a livelihood until his death, which occurred in August, 
1849. Our subject is the youngest of eight children, three of whom are living, viz.: James M., 
Delaware County, Ohio; Ann R., wife of James W. Taylor, and resides in the West.' Our sub- 
ject was early put at his father's trade, which he followed till 1860, at which time he bought 
twenty-seven acres of land, to which he has added by purchase, and at present owns 141 acres 
of valuable land, the greater portion having been cleared oflF by himself, besides making all the 
improvements. May 15, 1849, he was married to Lucinda C, daughter of William B. and Cath- 
erine Stone, by whom he has had five children, viz.: William T., who married Katie Mooney; 
Candace, wife of William P. Neal ; Emma M. and Amanda M., prominent and successful teachers, 
and Olive M. Although Mr. Stewart had only the advantage of attending school in log school- 
houses, and the instructions of incompetent teachers, he fully realizes the force and culture of 
education, and has accordingly spared no pains or expense in educating his children. Mr. S. 
started in life with a capital not to exceed $300, and his present possessions attest undisputably 
his great success in life. He has always manifested public spiritelness in all worthy en- 
terprises, having given $800 for the building of pikes. He is a zealous member of the Meth- 
odist Episcopal Church. Formerly he was a Democrat, but in 1856 he joined the Repub- 
lican ranks. 

JAMES SWEENEY, farmer, P. 0. Dublin, Franklin County, was born in Greene County, 
Penn., November 20, 1829, and is a son of Hiram and Mary (Cosgay) Sweeney, of Pennsylva- 
nia, who removed to West Virginia in 1831, and settled in Tyler County, in which he died 
in 1870. His mother is living near the old homestead at an advanced age. Daniel Sweeney, 
father of Hiram, was born in Maryland, and served with a scouting party during the Revo- 
lutionary war. His maternal grandfiither, Tyrenes Cosgay, was born in Ireland, and came to 
America and settled in Maryland after the war of 1776-1783, and subsequently removed to 
Pennsylvania, where he died. Our subject is the fifth child of a family of ieight children, six 
of whom are living. He was reared upon a farm, and in the mills which his father operated, 
which latter he had charge of from 1846 to 1865. July 1, 1865, he located in this county, buy- 
ing at the time 142 acres, to which he has since added by purchase, and now possesses 175 acres, 
and his son, J. C, fifty acres. February 8, 1859, he was married to Anna, daughier of Archi- 
bald and Ruth Waters, who has borne him six children, five of whom are living, viz,: Joseph C, 
Emma J., Mary L., Anna L. and Hiram. An infant son deceased. Mrs. S. was born in Greene 
County, Penn., in September, 1833, and is a consistent member of the United Brethren Church. 
Mr. Sweeney is one of our self-made men, having carved out his fortune by economy and indus- 
try. He is a Democrat in political principle, and has held some of the minor offices of the 
township 

WILLIAM M. TAYLOR, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, was born in Jerome Township, Novem- 
ber 8, 1805. He is the eldest son and third child of Richard and Polly (Cox) Taylor. His 
early life was passed upon his father's farm, and his training received in the common schools. 
In 1835, his father gave him sixty acres of land, on which he located at the time of his mar- 
riage. This farm was all woodland, and by his energy and unremitting toil he cleared and im- 
proved it to a good condition. November 10, 1830, he was joined in marriage to Miss Elizabeth 
Burdick, a daughter of Hezekiah and Polly Burdick, and a native of Cuyahoga County, Ohio, 
where she was born February 28, 1810. Of six cliildren by this marriage five are living — Polly, 
wife of Orson Scribner ; Rachel C, deceased, formerly wife of H. Lawrence; Nancy L., wife of 
J. Cottran ; Cilicia, wife of George Motlar; Levi F.; Susanna, wife of H. Smith: Rhoda, de- 
ceased, and Hezekiah deceased. Mrs. Taylor departed this life August 16, 1881. Mr. Taylor 
is a member of the United Brethren Church, and in politics is a Republican. He owns a farm 
of sixty acres. 

JEPHTAH H. TAYLOR was born near Plain City, in Madison County, December 17, 1814. 
His parents, Richard and Polly (Cox) Taylor were natives of Berkeley County, Va., and Washing- 
ton County, Penn., respectively. They were married in Cynthiana, Ky., in February, 1800, and 
two years later removed and settled in Jerome Township. In 1803-4, they went back to Ken- 
tucky, where they resided till 1811, and returnd to Ohio, effeciing a settlement in Darby Town- 
ship, Madison County, where Mr. Taylor bought a farm of 200 acres. His death occurred in 
July, 1864. The subject of this notice is the third son and sixth of a family of seven children. 
At the age of thirteen he learned tailoring in Bellefontaine, and followed it in that place and Plain 
City for sixteen years. In 1847, his father gave him eighty acres of land, to which he made 
an addition of forty-seven acres. He cleared andjprincipally improved these farms. December 
19, 1839, he was married to Angeline, a daughter of Calvin and Eunice Allen, by whom he had 
eleven children. Of these seven are living — Richard, born October 17, 1840, died September 
26, 1866; Edwin, born May 14, 1842; Benjamin, October 15, 1843; Robert, April 12, 1845; 
Jephtah, Marca 18, 1847; Fielding, January 25, 1849 ; Laura A., October 16, 1851 ; Celinda E., 
June 7, 1853; Mary A., March 20, 1859 ; Anthony M., February 6, 1864. An infant is deceased. 
Mr. Taylor is of English descent oa his father's side, his great-grandfather and two brothers 
having emigrated to America long before the Revolutionary war. Mrs. Taylor is of Scotch 
ancestry. 



JEROME TOWNSHIP. 327 

SAMUEL TAYLOR, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, a prominent farmer of Darby Township, 
Madison County, was born near Plain City August 23, 1817. He is the youngest son of Richard 
and Polly Taylor. His early life was passed in his native place, and his education obtained in 
the common schools of the day. He aided his father in clearing the homestead, and has occu- 
pied it since his death. He has made additions to the original farm till he has 394 acres of finely 
improved and highly cultivated land, most of which is located in Jerome Township. He also 
owns a farm in Darby Township, Union County, and the old John Kent homestead in Jerome 
Township. The home farm is adorned with a large and commodious brick residence, erected 
at a cost of $2,000. For the last fifteen years, Mr. Taylor has made a leading pursuit in breed- 
ing and rearing Norman and Clydesdale horses, and has, perhaps, been one of the most success- 
ful men in Madison County. He purchased the celebrated Belgium horse in 1872, at a cost of 
$3,0J0, and retained him in his possession till he was killed in 1876. This animal he exhibited 
at the county and State fairs, and won for him the first and highest premiums. Mr. Taylor 
is a man of enterprise, and is always active in the affairs and best interests of the county. In 
1839, he was married to Miss Eunice, daughter of Calvin and Eunice Allen, by whom he had 
three children; two of these are living — Mary, wife of Eli Shover, and Sarah E., wife of David 
Brown. Mrs. Taylor died, and November 27, 1844, he again married, this time to Rosanna 
Kent, who bore him four children — Samuel E., married Cynthia Fox; Rachel E. and Mahala, 
E. are at home ; Dilla is deceased. Mrs. Taylor is a daughter of Daniel and Dilla (Shover) 
Kent. She was born on the old Kent homestead, May 5, 1821. 

LEVI TAYLOR, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, youngest child of Daniel and Mary (Brown) Tay- 
lor, was born in Jerome Township November 26, 1810. The former was born near Harper's 
Ferry, Md., in March, 1774, and the latter in Ireland in 1781. They were married in Virginia, 
and in 1802 removed to Union County, Ohio, and settled in Jerome Township, where Mr. Taylor 
bought a farm of 152 acres, besides 32 acres on the opposite side of Big Darby. He was one of 
the organizers of the county, and was a juror when the court convened at Franklinton. He died 
February 29, 1852; his wife preceded him but twenty-two days. He was for over half a cen- 
tury an active member of the Baptist Church. Our subject was reared to manhood on a farm, 
and was educated, as most pioneer boys are, in the common schools. February 18, 1831, he 
was married to Miss Margaret Low, a daughter of John Low. She died March 17, 1864, leaving 
three children — Mary (deceased), married Chauncey Barlow, and had one child, Lonson ; and 
Daniel and John, Mr. Taylor was married the second time to Mrs. Matilda Lard, a native 
of Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor are connected with the Methodist Episcopal Church. 
Politically. Mr. Taylor is Democratic. He owns a farm of 150 acres, located near Plain City. 

ISAAC H. WARNER, farmer, P. 0. Plain City, son of Elijah and Lois (Burdick) Warner, 
was born in Madison County, Ohio, July 12, 1842. His father was born in York State, Novem- 
ber 14, 1810, and came to Madison County with his parents, Samuel and Chloe Warner, in 1814. 
In 1845, he came to Jerome Township and bought a farm of 166 acres of land, on which he 
died November 13, 1875. He married Lois A. Burdick, who was born in Madison County June 
10, 1820, and had ten children; the following are ^living: Charles Q., Isaac H., Joshua C, 
Emma, Nettie, Hezekiah H., Blanch P., Ada C. and Albert E. Mr. Warner was reared to man- 
hood on a farm. May, 1864, he enlisted in Company K, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Regi- 
ment Ohio National Guards, and served till discharged in the following September. He re- 
mained a member of the Home Guards till the close of the war. August 'ZS, 1866, he was mar- 
ried to Mrs. Martha Marsh, widow of William Marsh and daughter of Frederick and Barbara Felber. 
Mrs. Warner, a native of Fairfield County, was born November 15, 1840. She is the mother of 
one child by her former husband, William F., born July 14, 1862. Mr. Warner owns a farm of 
ninety-eight acres, and is engaged in farming and raising fine cattle and hogs. He and family 
are members of the United Brethren Church. Politically, he votes Prohibition. 

WILLIAM D. WAGNER, farmer, P. 0. New California, a native of Licking County, Ohio, 
was born March 4, 1831 His father, a native of Washingtoti County, Penn., was born April 
3, 1787, and his grandfather, John Wagner, was a soldier in the war of the Revolution. His 
mother, Nancy A. Cross, was born in Maryland April 1, 1788. They were married in March, 
1812, and in 1815 removed to Licking County, Ohio, where Mr. Wagner died July 31, 1854. 
He served one year in Capt. Derender's company in the war of 1812. His widow departed this 
life July 11, 1869. They were the parents of eight children, of whom William is the youngest. 
In 1851, he came to Union County and remained one year, then returned and remained with his 
father till his death. He then came to .Jerome Township and purchased a farm. He was mar- 
ried April 6, 1854, to Almira Bishop, daughter of Findley Bishop, a native of Union County, 
where she was born July 4, 18i5. Their six children are as follows : John L.; Sarah A., wife 
of George Gordon ; Nancy J.; William D., Jr.; James S. and Minnie. Mr. Wagner owns a farm 
of eighty-one acres, and in addition to farming he makes a leading pursuit of rearing 
Clydesdale horses. He also keeps thoroughbred Poland-China hogs. 

JESSE WELDON (deceased) was born in Toronto, Canada, January 5, 1830. His parents, 
Isaac and Nursus (Valley) Weldon, were natives of Pennsylvania and Canada, respectively. His 
father died when he was eleven years old, and he lived with his mother till 1845, when he went 
to New York, and in 1848 to Fairfield County, Ohio ; thence to Logan, Hocking County, where 



328 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

he resided till December, 1857, and came to Union County. May 11, 1856, he married Martha 
a daughter of Isaac and Elizabeth Wooley, by whom he had nine children ; of them eight are 
living — Frances; Nursus B., wife of Eugene Smith ; Isaac; Martha J.; Emma V.; Frederick E.; 
Solomon J. and Samuel W. Sarah E , wife of Thomas Davis, is deceased. Mr. Weldoa was a 
member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He died July 18. 1880, aged fifty years. He 
started in life a poor man, but by energy and industry he made for himself a reasonable com- 
petence. He left to his family seventy-six acres of well-cultivated land. 

WILLIAM H. WILLIAMS, farmer, P- 0. New California, was born in Delaware County, 
Ohio, October 'ZQ, 1842. He is a son of Ebenezer and Mary Williams, who were natives of 
Wales, and emigrated to the United States with their parents when young, and settled in Co- 
lumbus, where they were married. They subsequently removed to Delaware County, where 
Mrs. Williams died in 1849. Mr. Williams is still a resident of that county. William, the sub- 
ject of this sketch, was reared to manhood on a farm. August 3, 1862, he enlisted in Company 
F, Ninety-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He served in the armies of the Mississippi 
and Gulf, and was engaged in the following battles : Yazoo Swamp, Arkansas Post, siege of 

Vicksburg, Bayou and Spanish Fort siege ; thence they marched to Forts Blakely and 

Whisler, near Mobile, where he was discharged at the close of the war. From July 7, 1864, to 
April 1, 1865, he was on Provost Marshal's duty. At the close of the rebellion he returned home 
and resumed farming. June 10, 1879, he was married to Miss Phoebe Curry, daughter of Capt. 
James A. and Phoebe Curry, by whom he has one child — Phoebe May, born April 18, 1881. 
Mr. and Mrs. Williams reside on the original Curry homestead with Mrs. Curry, the widow of 
Capt. James A. Curry, who has attained the eighty-fourth year of her age. The homestead 
contains 211 acres, which is cultivated by Mr. Williams. 



CHAPTER V. 



MILL CREEK TOWNSHIP. 

THIS was one of three original townships into which Union County was first 
subdivided. On the second subdivision of the county, in 1821, the bound- 
aries of Mill Creek were fixed as follows, as shown by the record of commission- 
ers' proceedings: " At a meeting of the Commissioners of Union Count}^ on the 
12th day of March, 1821, they agreed to divide the County of Union into five 
townships, and the fifth township was to embrace all east of Paris Township to the 
east boundary line of said county, and to be known b}^ the name of Mill Creek." 
On March 29, 1829, the township was surveyed by order of the Commissioners of 
Union County by Levi Phelps, Surveyor, Union County, Ohio. March 5, 1839, 
" Ordered by the Commissioners that the boundary lines of Mill Creek Township 
and Dover Township be altered, so as to detach from Mill Creek Township and 
attach to Dover Township, Survey No. 3007, in the name of John Graham." " The 
first election for County and State oflficers held in the township, was on the 10th 
day of October, 1820, William Badley, John Jolly and Launcelot Maze acting as 
Judges; William Richey and Clement Badley, Clerks. There were twent^^-four 
votes cast at this election, as follows: Ethan Allen Brown received twenty, W. 
H. Harris one, and Jeremiah Morrow three, for Governor; Nicholas Hathaway 
fourteen, and Lewis Foster ten, for Representatives; Gustavus Swan one, and Joseph 
Foos twenty-two, for Senator; Joseph Vance twenty-three for Congress; James 
Ewing twenty, and James Biggs two, for Sheriff; Samuel Robinson eight, David 
Conner seven, Henry Sager six, and Joseph Williams one, for Coroner." 

In the spring of 1820, the first election was held for township officers; as the 
early records of the township were all destroyed by fire a few years ago, we can 
obtain no account of the election, or give any of the oflficials except the commis- 
sioned officers, obtained from the records at Marj'sville. 

This township is situated in the southeast part of the county, and takes its 
name from Mill Creek, which flows through the north part of the township, of 
which we shall speak further hereafter; it is bounded on the north by Dover Town- 
ship and the county of Delaware, on the east by Delaware County, on the south 






/£x^<i-p-^^^^-^^ 



MILL CREEK TOWNSHIP. 331 

by Jerome Township, and on the west by Darby, Paris and Dover Townships. 
The lands of this township were surveyed at an early da}'; and, according to the 
records at the County Surveyor's office at Marysville, the work of surveying Avas 
all completed in less than eleven years. Below we give the various surveys of 
the township as found upon the records, and one noticeable feature is that more 
than seven thousand acres, embraced in eight different surveys, were surveyed by 
Nathainel Massie in one day, apparently a very extensive task for so short a time. 

MILL CREEK TOWNSHIP SURVEYS. 

Surveyed, June 3, 1797, for Robert Dundridge, 1,000 acres. Survey No. 1,307' 
Nathaniel Massie, D.^S. Surveyed, October 20, 1801, for John White, lllOf acres, 
Survey No. 1,394, Joseph Kerr, D. S. Surveyed, June 3, 1797, for Sydnor Cosby, 
400 acres, Survey No. 1,573, Nathaniel Massie, D. S. Surveyed, June 3, 1797, for 
John Phillips, Assee, 1070 acres. Survey No. 2,989, Nathaniel Massie, D. S. Sur- 
veyed, June 3, 1797, for William Croghaix, Assee, 1100 acres. Survey No. 2,992, 
Nathaniel Massie, D. S. Surveyed, June 3, 1797, for the representative or repre- 
sentatives of Isaac Jeffries, deceased, 800 acres. Survey No. 2,995, Nathaniel Mas- 
sie, D. S. Surveyed, June 3, 1797, for the representative or representatives of 
Isaac Jeffries, deceased, 726f acres. Survey No. 2,996, Nathaniel Massie, D. S. 
Surveyed, June 3, 1797, for the representative or representatives of Isaac Jeffries, 
deceased, 1140 acres, Survey No. 2,997, Nathaniel Massie, D. S. Surve3'ed, June 
2, 1797, for Samuel Seldon,'l086 acres, Survey No. 2,998, Nathaniel Massie, D. 
S. Surveyed, June 3, 1797, for Peter Talbg t. heirto^illianLWjPX§ha^m,j deceased, 
1000 acres. Survey No. 3,006, Nathaniel Massie, TTBT' SuTveyed, August 22, 1798, 
for James Lenkins, Assee, 1200 acres, Survey No. 3,349, Nathaniel Massie, D. S. 
Surveyed, October 20, 1801, for John White, 1000 acres. Survey No. 3,956, Joseph 
Kerr, D. S. Surveyed, December 20, 1807, for John Cole, 1600 acres, Survey No. 
5,477, James Gralloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed, January 2, 1808, for Thomas M. 
Bayly, Assee, 690 acres. Survey No. 5609, James Gallowa}', Jr., D. S. Surveyed, 
January 4, 1808, for Thomas M. Bayly, Assee, 700 acres, Survey No. 5,610, James 
Gralloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed, for John Baird, 295 acres. Survey No. 5724, of 
which fifty acres are in Mill Creek Township and the balance in Jerome Township. 

STREAMS, SURFACE, SOIL, ETC. 

The principal stream of this township is Mill Creek, which, as stated above, 
gave the name to the township. It enters from Dover, passing through Survey No. 
3,956, and for more than a mile forms the boundary line between said townships, 
coursing in an easterly direction, and keeping said course till it reaches Survey 
No. 1,307, when it takes a very crooked course in a general northeast direction, 
passing diagonall}- through said survey ; thence, in the same direction, passes 
through Survey No. 2,995, and enters Delaware County. This stream in an early 
day furnished the settlers with water-power pi'ivileges. Along its banks were 
built many of the early mills of the county, and the lands adjacent to it were 
chosen by the first settlers as sites for their homes. It receives but a few small 
runs that course from south to north in this township. In the central eastern 
portion of the township is Spring Run, rising on the farm of John Piersol and 
coursing in a northerly direction into Delaware County; it is, however, of no sig- 
nificance, only as a water supply for stock, and an outlet by which to drain the 
lands adjacent. And the same is true of the other small creeks and runs. The 
surface along Mill Cteek is somewhat rolling and in some places hill}', but else- 
where over the township the surface is generally level, and lies beautifully for all 
agricultural purposes. Few, if any of the townships in the county, taken as a 
whole, present a more beautiful surface for farming purposes. The soil is deep, 
rich and productive. Along the creek bottoms and flat portions, it is a black 
loam, while the balance is a strong clay soil, most of it underlaid with a disinte- 



332 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

grated limestone and gravel, the latter forming an abundance of good material 
for making roads. The timber of this section, originally, was much like that of 
the adjoining townships. Along creek bottoms were walnut, hickory, elm, syca- 
more and some oak as the prevailing varieties ; elsewhere, hickorj^, elm, oak and 
sugar-tree prevailed, the latter forming a great source of profit as well as con- 
venience from the sugar and molasses manufactured. The hickorj- and sugar- 
tree also furnished the people with the best quality of wood for fuel. The princi- 
pal productions of the soil are wheat, coi'n, oats and potatoes. Considerable at- 
tention is given to stock raising by the farmers, as one of their best and surest 
sources of profit ; and owing to the great improvements in stock, especially in 
sheep and hogs, it is becoming much more profitable, as well as interesting as a 
business to the thrifty farmers. 

EARLY SETTLERS. 

It is conceded that the first white man to make a settlement in Mill 
Creek Township was Ephraim Burroughs, a native of New Jersey, who with 
his family emigrated to Kentucky, leaving his native State September 15, 1795. 
In 1804, he removed to Clark Count}^, Ohio, and at the close of the war of 1812 
or about 1814-15, removed to this county, and settled near Mill Creek, a little 
east of the village of Watkins. Here he purchased 100 acres of Mr. Towler, 
and resided on it about four years, when he sold out and removed to Dearborn 
County, Ind., where he died, aged sixty-five years; his wife survived him about 
two years. Their children were as follows : Newton, who married and settled 
in Dearborn Count}', Ind., where he resided till his death; Jonathan, who is men- 
tioned among the pioneers of Dover Township ; Nancy, married Stephen Norton, 
is deceased ; Polly, married George Durham and died in Indiana ; James, married 
a Miss Liggett and also died in Indiana ; Jesse, married Poll}' Wilson, of Indiana, 
but removed to Illinois, where he died; Ephraim, settled in Illinois ;. William, died 
in the arm}' ; Alhannan, married in Indiana, and still resides in that State ; 
Elkanah, now resides in Indianapolis, and two daughters, deceased. 

William Conklin we give as the second settler, although there were three or 
four families who came here the same year, and probably about the same time. 
Mr. Conklin was a native of the State of Delaware; married Rebecca Coleman, a 
native of Maryland, and at quite an early day emigrated to Ohio, residing for a 
time in Greene County. In the spring of 1816, he removed to this county and 
settled on the same tract of land with Mr. Burroughs, where he resided till a 
short time prior to the war of the rebellion. He removed West and died in 
Indiana. He was the father of the following children : John, married Emily 
Funk, and removed to Indiana; Elizabeth and Jemima, married early settlers and 
are mentioned in connection with them; Joel, married Polly Anderson; Hannah, 
married Jacob Warner, is deceased; Joseph, married Eliza J. Gamble; Martha, 
married Charles White, is deceased; Malachi, married Eve Hitson, of Indiana, he 
died in the war of the rebellion; and Anna, married Anderson Thompson and re- 
sides in Hardin County. Mr. Anderson is said to have paid for his farm in hickory 
nuts, which grew in abundance upon his land, and which he gathered and hauled 
over the mud roads to Springfield and Dayton and there sold them, and paid for 
his land with money made in that novel way. 

Daniel Bell was probably a native of New Jersey, but became an early set- 
tler in Greene County, Ohio, and about 1816 of this township, near Mr. Conklin. 
He was a blacksmith by trade, which business he followed in connection with 
farming. Subsequently he removed to Indiana and settled on White River, but 
finally returned to Union County and died near Watkins. His children were 
Polly, Jesse, Mercy, Sally, John, Aaron and Charlotte ; the latter now resides in 
Indiana ; John lives in Holmes County, Ohio, and Sally in Iowa; all the others 
are deceased. 

John Price, who married Polly Bell in Greene County, settled on Mill 
Creek at the same time with Daniel Bell, and remained a resident here till his 



MILL CREEK TOWNSHIP. 333 

death, June 29, 1834, aged fortj^-six years. Their children were Susan, Hannah, 
Daniel, Joseph and John, who all moved to the West. 

John T. Thompson, with his aged father, James Thompson, emigrated from 
Virginia to Ohio and settled in Union County, about 1816, locating on Mill Creek, 
on Survey No. 5,477, known as the Towler Survey ; and there the father, James 
Thompson, died, December 14, 1843, aged eighty-seven years. He was a veteran 
of the Revolutionary war, and was probably one of the first four families who set- 
tled in this township. John T. married Mary Nelson in Virginia, and after set- 
tling here remained a resident till his death. For further particulars of this prom- 
inent pioneer family, the reader is referred to the biographical sketch of James 
Thompson, of Dover, in another part of this work. 

Alvin Randall, a native of New Hampshire, emigrated to the State of New 
York about 1809, and there married Elizabeth Rogers ; thence, in 1812, emigrated 
to Ohio, locating at Worthington. In 1813 settled in Madison, Ind., where he was 
a voter in 1816, when Indiana was admitted as a State. In 1817, he became a 
resident of Darby Township, this county, and in 1819 settled in Mill Creek Town- 
ship, on Survey No. 5,477. In 1839, he removed to Adams County, Ind., and 
while residing there buried his wife and two of his children. Subsequently, he 
removed to Noble County, Ind., where he remained till his death. Mr. Randall 
was a man of firm principles and character, of unwavering honesty, and possessed 
a good intellect. While a resident of Adams County. Ind., he served as Probate 
Judge, also as SheriflTof the county. He died at the advanced age of eighty-six 
years. He was the father of the following children : Charles, who died at seven- 
teen years of age ; Dorcas, died young ; Emeline, married a Mr. Skinner, who 
died, and she subsequenth' married Mr. Pancake, who is also dead ; she is now a 
widow and resides in Noble County, Ind.; Hannah, married William Shepman, 
both deceased ; Joshua R., married and resides in Delaware County, Ohio, where 
he is proprietor of a paper mill ; Alvin, married and resides in Noble County, 
Ind.; William, married and resides in same county ; Phebe married Mr. Bell and 
resides in same county ; and John and Pyrena, who died 3'oung in Adams Coun- 
ty, Ind. 

Hezekiah Burdick, a native of one of the New England States, emigrated 
with his family to Ohio, and settled on land now owned by Mary C. Shields, on 
Survey No. 2,995, and resided there man}- years ; but subsequently removed to 
Marion County, Ohio, where he died. His children were Hannah, who married 
Ralph Graham ; Betsey, married William Taylor and now resides near Plain Cit}- ; 
John was killed by a falling tree while a 3'oung man ; Phebe married and settled 
on the Darby Plaina in Madison County ; William, died young, unmarried ; Lois, 
married a Mr. Warner ; and Milton. 

James Bell, Esq., a native of New Jersey, born 1778, married Sarah Warner, 
of Pennsylvania, in 1799. In 1804, emigrated to Ohio and settled in Warren 
County, near Lebanon. In 1818, removed to this county and settled on the same 
survey with Mr. Burroughs, and after the organization of the count}' in 1824, 
was elected a Justice of the Peace. He had erected a large and commodious log 
cabin, and for several years the elections were held at his house. He died 
November 23, 1848, aged sixty-six j-ears ; his wife died October 31, 1869, aged 
ninety years. Of their children, Elizabeth, married William Graham and died 
in this county ; Judith, married Robert Graham, is deceased ; Jesse and Jacob 
moved to Indiana ; and Phineas, married Catherine Graham, is deceased. 

Thomas Springer settled here about 1818-19, but remained only a few years 
and moved West. 

Asa Robinson, a native of Massachusetts, while voung, removed with his fa- 
ther's family to the State of New York, and in 1809 is said to have moved to Ohio, 
and very early settled in Delaware County. He was engaged in the milling busi- 
ness at Hinton's mill soon after its erection. After running that mill about three 
years, he purchased a tract of land upon which he located, which is now owned by 



334 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Richard Pounds, ou Surve}- No. 2,992, and made his residence here till his death, 
May 12, 1865, aged eighty-four years. He married Mrs. Ann Catharine Myers, 
nee Turnev, a native of Westmoreland County, Penn., by whom he had the follow- 
ing children : Bartlett G., who became a practicing ph3'sician, never married, and 
died at Woodstock in Champaign Count}^, O^io ; Joseph T., married Eliza Mann, 
of Penns3lvania, is now a minister in the Christian Church and resides at Crest- 
line, Ohio ; Henry died on a journey to California, in 1849 ; Asa died in infancy ; 
Daniel, unmarried ; Adam, married Elizabeth Kirkland and is proprietor of the 
Park House at Green Bend; Samuel, died in California in 1850, aged twenty 
3'ears ; Harriet, married William McCawle}', is deceased ; Mary, married John S. 
Smart and now resides in Marysville ; and Margaret, married Martin Savage tind 
resides in Dover. 

About 1818-22, the following became settlers of Mill Creek Township : Joseph 
Harrison and sons, Aaron, Moses and Benjamin, all locating on Survey No. 2,998 : 
Valentine T. Shover, John Sherman, Thomas Daniel, Silas Osborn, Nathaniel 
Toothacre and John Gray, all settled on Survey No. 5,477 ; John, William, Asa 
and Randolph Death — four brothers, colored men — settled near the Harrisons, but 
it is believed most of them soon moved away. 

Zebadiah Farnum, a native of Rhode Island, married Jane McNinch, a native 
of Connecticut, and emigrated to the State of New York at an early da}' ; thence, 
about 1823, he removed with his famih^ to Ohio and settled in Union County, 
near where the village of Watkins now stan^ds, where he cleared his land and made 
him a home, residing upon it until his death, October 13, 1854, aged eighty-five. 
Of their children, Polly married Asahel Rose, who emigrated to this county prior 
to Mr. Farnum ; she died here ; Samuel married Hannah Randall in New York 
and came to this county' in 1820, residing here about twenty years; they removed 
to Shelby Count}-, Ohio, where he died ; Priscilla, married Seymour Wilkins in 
New York, and finallj- settled in this county, where he died ; she still survives 
and resides in Watkins, in her eighty-first year ; Henry, married Fanny Hamlin, 
of Franklin County, Ohio, and subsequently settled in Mill Creek and died here ; 
Betsey died in infancy ; Sallie died in childhood ; Sophronia married Adam Richy, 
who died September 25, 1871, aged sixty-four years; she survives him and now 
resides at Dover; Isaac died young; Chester married Sarah Longbrake and subse- 
quently settled in Illinois; his health failing, he started with his family to return 
to Ohio, but died on the way before getting out of the State of Illinois; his fam- 
ily continued their homeward journey, and his widow now resides in Dover Town- 
ship; Jane married Elijah Newhouse and settled near Millville, Delaware Co., 
Ohio, whei'e he died; she still survives, and resides on the home place; Susan 
married Jacob Longbrake, now deceased; she survives and resides on the home 
place; Caroline married William Cory, who died, and she married Samuel Sherwood; 
he died at Marysville, and she still survives and resides at Marysville; and Emil}-, 
who married Warret Owen, a native of Champaign County, Ohio, but who settled 
at Watkins in the fall of 1845, where the}' have since resided. He has served as 
Justice of the Peace more than twenty years, and is one of the reliable citizens of 
the township has filled the office of Postmaster at Watkins for twenty ^'ears. 

George Graham was a native of England, and was united in marriage with 
Elizabeth Lazenbee; emigrated to America and settled in the State of New York; 
thence removed to Clark Count}', Ohio, where he died. His children were as fol- 
lows: George, Thomas, Mary, Betsey, William, Ralph, Robert and Hannah 
(twins), all of whom, except George, the eldest, removed to Union County and set- 
tled here about 1821. Thomas married Jemima Conklin, and resided here till 
just before the war of the rebellion; they removed to Delaware County, where they 
died; Mary married Richard Bancroft, a native of England, resided here till quite 
aged, I'aised a family, many of whom married and settled in Iowa, where their 
parents journeyed to make them a visit, and while there they died; William mar- 
ried Betsey Bell and resided here through life; Betsey married John Thompson 



MILL CREEK TOWNSHIP. 335 

and died in this township; Ralph married Hannah Burdick and remained here till 
death; Robert married Judith Bell and died in Marysville; and Hannah, who mar- 
ried Christian Myers, is now a widow and resides on the home farm. 

Pierce Lamphere settled in this township on land near Watkins, in 1822-23; 
he married a Miss Price, resided here several years, and was one of the earlj' 
teachers; subsequently, he moved north and settled on Blues Creek. Their chil- 
dren were Sarah, who died young, and was the second body interred in the 
Watkins Cemetery, and Harriet. 

Aaron Tossey, a native of New England, married a Mrs. Soules and settled 
on land south of Watkins, now owned b}' his son, Philemon, about 1823, where 
they resided till death. Their children were William, who married Polly Bell, 
is deceased; Stephen married Sarah Graham, and subsequently removed to Illinois, 
where they died; Lorenzo died young, also Solon; Philemon married Judith Gra- 
ham and resides on the old home farm; Elizabeth married John Richards. 

Elder Daniel Long was a native of Maryland, born August 9, 1789; he was a 
soldier in the war of 1812, and became a settler of Union County about 1820, or 
perhaps earlier. He traveled over a large portion of Southern Ohio, and organized 
many Christian Churches. The Watkins Christian Church was the first of that 
denomination in the township, and was organized by Elder Long, who served as 
its pastor for many years. He continued in ministerial work till the very close 
of his life, November 26, 1873, in the eighty-fifth year of his age. He died while 
in the midst of a series of meetings at the church in Mill Creek Township. He 
was one of the pioneer ministers of Ohio, an excellent man and an earnest Chris- 
tian worker. He married Nancy Kelly, b}^ whom he had one child — Thomas W. 

George Lukenbill settled on Survey No. 2,989, on land now owned by George 
Freshwater, about 1823; subsequently he moved above Marysville, where he died. 

John McCawley, a native of Scotland, emigrated to America and settled in 
Virginia; thence, about 1824, came to this county and settled on Survey No. 2,992, 
on the land now owned by W. Schmidt, where he resided till his death. 

Bennett Beard settled on Mill Creek about 1824, and erected one of the first 
saw mills in this vicinit}', which he operated for several j'ears. About the same 
3'ear. there came to this township and settled here Jacob Hawk, Alexander Gar- 
ringer, John Heriff, Samuel Saunders, Zachariah Smith, Jeremiah Roe, John Keens 
and Jacob Taylor. Also, the same year, Joseph Watkins settled on Survey No. 
1,307. In 1825, Asahel Rose and James Fowler settled on Survey No. 5,477; 
Daniel Andrews settled on same survey, but only lived there about two years and 
moved away. In 1826, Richard Bancroft settled on same Survey. The same 
year came William Rogers and settled in the northeast part of the township, on 
land now owned by John Penn; he was a school teacher, but subsequently moved 
away. Edmond Holycross settled on Surve}^ No. 5,477. William Newhouse 
settled here same year, but remained here only about two j'ears and moved away. 
Cornelius Rose was here about the same year. About 1827 came Joel Cole- 
man, William Devol, Daniel Roberts, Simpson White — the latter settled on 
Survey No. 2,992 — Perry Eubank and Isaac Anderson — the latter, a native of New 
York, settled on Survey No. 2,992. 

About 1828, we find Christian Myers and Charles Hamlin to be residents 
here. In 1829, Clement Brawdy, Abraham Stiner and David Smith appear as 
settlers; the latter located on Survey No. 1,573. 

John S. Smart, born in Franklin County, Ohio, March 20, 1811, settled in 
Mill Creek Township in 1829, and married Mary Robinson May 20, 1833. They 
resided in the township fifty-two years, when, in the fall of 1881, they moved to 
Marysville. He began in the woods and has cleared up and brought into cultiva- 
tion three farms. He commenced as a poor man, and now owns 211 acres of 
well-improved land. He was compelled to go nine miles to mill on horseback to 
get his grist ground. Now, he has retired to the pleasant town of Marysville to 
enjoy the balance of his days, the comforts of a competency which his own hands 



336 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

have accumulated. Their family consisted of the following children: Catharine 
J., who married Isaac Breckenridge, and resides in Franklin County: Joseph 
married Mary Hutchinson and resides in Delaware County; Oliver P. married 
Margaret Piersol and resides in Kansas; Samantha married Charles Richey; Mar- 
garet married William Bell, she died in Illinois; Susan married James McCurgan 
and resides on the home place; Asa married Laura Edson; Isaac married Miss 
Breckenridge and resides in Auglaize County; John Henry married Miss Stim- 
mel, is deceased; William, unmarried, resides with his father, and Etta married 
Silas McKitrick and resides in Marysville. 

About 1830, James Martin settled on Survey No. 1,573, but subsequentl3' re- 
moved to Illinois. About the same year, Jacob Bowersmith settled on Survej' No. 
2,992. Samuel Tixon came about the same time. In 1830, John Lame, from New 
York, removed to Clark County, Ohio, and in 1832 settled in Mill Creek Town- 
ship, where he resided till his death, May 4, 1858, aged sixty-three years. In 
1833, or about that time, Absalom Ligget came from Ross County. J. H. P. 
Bouic, a native of Maryland, came to Franklin County, Ohio, in 1830, and in 1835 
settled in this township, where he has since resided. 

The above embrace most of the true pioneers and early settlers. Some of 
these may have settled earlier, but from the best information we could obtain from 
those now living, and from the records and a careful examination of the tax du- 
plicates in the Auditor's office, we are satisfied we are not very far wrong in the 
dates of their respective settlements. 

SCHOOLS. 

The first settlement made in Mill Creek Township, was on Survej- No. 5,477, 
and the first settler Ephraim Burroughs, and in this vicinit}' we would naturally 
expect to find the establishment of the first school, which was the fact. As soon 
as a sufficient number of families had settled here to form a nucleus for a school, 
we find their attention given to the education and welfare of their children, and in 
a few years after Mr. Burroughs had made the first opening in the mighty forests, 
a number of families had concentrated in that neighborhood. Mr. Burroughs 
having moved away, his vacated cabin was occupied for school purposes, and Mi's. 
Martha Gulick was the first teacher. She was a daughter of William Richey, Sr., 
one of the earl}- settlers. The next to fill the position of teacher, it is believed, 
was Pierce Lamphere. The first building erected expressl}' for school purposes, 
was a log house built on the farm of Zebadiah Farnum; the land is now owned by 
Esquire Owens. It is believed that Taber Randall was the first teacher in the new 
schoolhouse. This was, of course, one of the primitive kind, so often described 
that it is not necessary to delineate it further here. This building was succeeded 
by one or two other log houses; about 1849, a frame house was erected, which was 
succeeded by the present brick house, built about 1868. 

The next school established was in the settlement of the Harrisons, Robinsons 
and others, in the eastern part of the township, now known as Subdistrict No. 1, 
or the Myers District. The first building erected here for school purposes was 
one of the primitive log houses with a fire-place six feet long in one end, greased 
paper for windows, etc. Some of the first teachers employed here were William 
Rogers, James Martin, Alin Randall and P. B. Cole. Thus, from settlement to 
settlement, as the country was occupied and the population increased, schools 
were organized and conducted upon the subscription plan until the present excel- 
lent system of free schools was established, when the township was divided into reg- 
ulnr school districts. These, at the present time, number nine, with enumeration of 
scholars as follows: Subdistrict No. 1, males, 19; females, 20; total, 39. Sub- 
district No. 2, males, 18; females, 22; total, 40. Subdistrict No. 3, males, 30; fe- 
males, 23; total, 53. Subdistrict No. 4, males, 22; females, 18; total, 40. Subdis- 
trict No. 5, males, 13; females, 11; total, 24. Subdistrict No. 6, males, 12; females, 
15; total, 27. Subdistrict No. 7, males, 17; females, 11 ; total, 28. Subdistrict No. 



MILL CREEK TOWNSHIP. 337 

8, males, 19; females, 13; total, 32. Subdistrict No. 9, males, 22; females, 14; to- 
tal, 36. Total, males, 172; females, 147; grand total, 319. 

REPORT OP THE TOWNSHIP BOARD OF EDUCATION. 

Balance on hand September 1, 1881 ". $1,686 11 

State tax 483 00 

Irreducible school funds 32 50 

Township tax for school and schoolhouse purposes 1 ,570 52 



Total $3, 772 13 

EXPENDITURES. 

Amount paid teachers in common schools $1,843 50 

Amount paid for fuel and other contingent expenses 1,346 62 



Total 13,190 12 

Balance on hand September 1, 1882 $582 01 

Number of schoolhouses in the township 9 

Number of school rooms 9 

Number of teachers to supplj' schools 9 

Average wages of male teachers $32 

Average wages of female teachers $26 

Average number of of weeks schools in session 27 

Total value of school property $ 5,400 

CHURCHES. 

One of the first objects of attention in the settlement on Mill Creek was the 
spiritual condition of her people ; and we find, about 1818, Rev. Henderson Crabb 
held a meeting at the house of William Conklin and organized a class consisting 
of the following persons : William Conklin, Sr., Rebecca Conklin, Joseph Conk- 
lin, Joel Coleman, John Conklin, Jemina Conklin, William Conklin, Jr., Betsy 
Bell and possibly one or two others. Soon after its organization, Hezekiah Bur- 
dick and wife Poll}', and Pierce Lamphere and wife settled in the neighborhood 
and united with the class, and Mr. Burdick became class leader and continued as 
such for many j-ears. This class was the nucleus of the Watkins Methodist Epis- 
■ copal Church. They continued to hold meetings at the house of said William 
Conklin, Sr., for about sixteen years, after which they held meetings at the 
houses of various members of the societ}', until about 1849, when they erected a 
frame house for church purposes, which still stands where it was first built, but is 
now owned by Warret Owen, Esq., and used as a barn. The above house served 
the people as a church edifice until 1869-70, when the present neat and substan- 
tial brick church was erected at a cost of about $3,000. It was dedicated Novem- 
ber 6, 1870, by appropriate exercises, by Rev. Mr. Mather, of Delaware, Ohio. 
The following were a few of the ministers of this church : Rev. Smith, Rev. 
George Maley, Rev. John Havens and Rev. Simms. 

Christian Church at Watkins was organized at the house of John Price, 
October 15, 1825, by Elder Long, on the following principles : " To take the 
Holy Scripture for the only rule of faith and practice, and to fellowship all 
Christians. In confirmation whereof we have pledged our hearts and joined 
our hands, this day and date above mentioned." This church to be known as 
the Christian Church of Price's settlement. The following nineteen persons 
are believed to have been the constituent members : Joel Coleman, William 
Conklin, Rebecca Conklin, Eliza Conklin, Mary Price, William Thompson, Sa- 
rah Thompson, Martha Conklin, Nancy Thompson, John Thompson, Elizabeth 
Thompson, James Thompson, Temperance Thompson, Thomas Graham, John 
Conklin, John Taylor, John Keem-i, Catharine Keens and Nancy Taylor. They 
held their meetings in private houses for awhile, then in the schoolhouse till 
the erection of the Methodist Church, after which they held services therein 



338 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

until 1861, when they erected their present frame chiTrch edifice. On Satur- 
day evening, November 10, 1861, services were held in the new church, and a 
discourse delivered by Elder Marvin ; and on the next day, Sunday, November 
11, 1861, the house was duly dedicated to service by a sermon from Elder Mar- 
vin. Elder Daniel Long was the principal minister for many years ; occa- 
sional preaching was had from Elders Daniel Grifi&n, Joseph Robinson, and 
others. September 17, 1859, Elder Eiley Fuller became pastor of the church ; 
since then, it has had the following ministers, viz., Elders Daniel Long, C. A. 
Williams, Samuel Horn, Jonathan Pugh, William Webb, Riley Fuller, W. A. 
Dobbins and Elder William Overturf . The first Deacons of whom we get any 
information were Thomas Graham and John Taylor. They were succeeded by 
Nelson Finney and Anderson Thompson. In 1849, the name of the church 
was changed to " Christian Church at Watkins," and on June 30 of that year 
the first meeting was held at the house of Charles White, when William Wal- 
ley and Chark Low were chosen Deacons. March 26, 1859, Stephen Graham 
was chosen Deacon in place of William Walley, who desired to be liberated 
from the ofiice. Aaron Tossey became Deacon in place of Chark Low, who re- 
signed. In the summer of 1879, the chui'ch building having become old and 
out of repair, a committee, consisting of Gideon Liggel, Robert Thompson, 
Isaiah Lame, Lyle Stimmel and Low Hobert, was appointed to make suitable 
repairs to the church, which was again occupied for services in October, 1879, 
The present membership of the church is about one hundred and fifty. The 
following persons appear to have been clerks, viz., John Keens. George Thomp- 
son, Thomas Graham, William Graham, William Thompson, Isaiah Lame and 
Robert Graham, who served temporarily, while Mr. Lame Avas serving in the 
army ; on his return after the war, he again resumed the clerkship, and has 
served as such to the present time. 

Christian Church of Elder Long's Settlement was organized in May, 1832, 
at the house of Daniel Long, with the following thirty-five constituent mem- 
bers : Elder Daniel Long, John Ramsey, Daniel Somers, John Guy, Vinson 
Sherman, Levi Hinton, Eli.sha Decker, Nancy Long, Diana Ramsey. Rachel 
Somers, Mary Mathews, Jane Guy, Mahala Sherman, Polly Mathews, Cynthi- 
ann Black, Rebecca Roberts, Mary E. Anderson, Mina Hinton, Sally Ramsey, 
Margaret Decker, Elizabeth Bradford, Elizabeth Dixon, Elizabeth White, Sa- 
rah Duvall, Deborah Hinton, Mary Brown, Mary Ann Coberly, Amanda Hum- 
ble, John Polk, Isaac Anderson, Drusilla Cripin, Rachel Brown, Catharine 
Brown, Mary Ann Stiner, Anna Hays, Jacob Hawk, S. Hawk and Elizabeth 
Stiner. They held their meetings at private houses, principally at Elder 
Long's. At the time he erected his large barn, they held a series of revival 
meetings in it, and many were added to the church. In the summer of 1843, 
they erected a frame house for church purposes, a little south of the farm of 
Mrs. Hannah Myers, on ground donated for the purpose by Asa Robinson, the 
land to remain as theirs so long as used for church purposes, and whenever it 
ceased to be used as such, it should revert to the donor or to his heirs. This 
house was used as a chui'ch until 18S0, when the present neat and substantial 
frame church edifice was erected at a cost of about $1,600. It is located on 
the Delaware & Plain City gravel road, in the east part of the township ; is 
neatly and well furnished, and is a comfortable and tasty country church. 
Some of the ministers who have served the church during the past twenty- five 
years have been : Elders Riley Fuller, William Webb, Samuel Horn, Will- 
iams, Lohr, Alexander Dobbins, Henry Holverstott and William Overturf. 
The present membership is about eighty. Present Deacons, William Stockton, 
Edward Wells and John Penn. They have had a good Sabbath school for 
many years, and it now has an average attendance of about fifty. The school 





\ 



MILL CREEK TOWNSHIP. 341 

is conducted only througli the summer season, with Jerry Williamson as Su- 
perintendent. 

Providence Presbyterian Church was organized in December, 1860, by 
Eev. Mr. Brinkerhoff, of Frankfort, Delaware County, Ohio, consisting of the 
following persons: Kebecca Bouic, J. H. P. Bouic, Rachel Hutchinson, Joseph 
Turney, Benjamin Tui-ney and wife Elizabeth, and perhaps one or two others, 
with Benjamin Turney and J. H. P. Bouic as Elders. The chiu'ch edifice was 
erected in the summer of 1860, and dedicated in December following, the ded- 
icatory sermon being preached by Eev. Brinkerhofif. In the summer of 1861, 
on the division between the Old and New School Presbyterians, this» society 
became united under the Congregational Church articles of faith, and remained 
with that church till about 1877, when it again came under the Presbytery, 
subscribed to its articles of faith, and was embraced in the Marion Presbytery, 
.where it has since remained. The following have been pastors of this church: 
Rev. Mr. Brinkerhofif, Rev. A. M. Hamlin, Rev. C. N. Coulter, Rev. Thomas 
Hill and Rev. I. N. Thomas. During the past summer the church has been 
supplied by Rev. Ferguson, of Marysville. The following have served as El- 
ders: Benjamin Turney, J. H. P. Bouic, Joseph Hutchinson, John S. Smart 
and Richard Clark. The present membership is about twenty- five. A Sabbath 
school was ox'ganized in the summer of 1861, and has been continued through 
the summer season every year since; during the last three years, it was con- 
tinued during winter and summer, had a good attendance and -^as in a flour- 
ishing condition, until November, 1882, when it was closed on account of the 
prevalence of small-pox at Ostrander, but will be re-opened in the spring of 
1883. J. H. P. Bouic served as the first Superintendent after the organization 
of the school; he was succeeded by Benjamin Turney, and he by J. R. Hutch- 
inson, then Asa Smart served for awhile. During the summer of 1882, J. H. 
P. Bouic acted as Superintendent until the closing of the school in November, 
as mentioned above. 

CEMETERIES. 

The Watkins Cemetery is the oldest and principal one in the township. 
This is situated a little southeast of the village of Watkins, on the farm of S. 
Wilkins. This ground was dedicated to this sacred use soon after a settlement 
was formed here, by the reception of a child of Mr. Ephraim Burroughs, which 
died in 1817. The second person buried here was Sarah, a daughter of Pierce 
Lamphere; since then it has received the remains of many of the pioneers as 
well as a large number of the dead of more recent years. It contains probably 
one acre or more of ground, is now deeded to the Trustees of the township, 
and is under their care and supervision. There is a small cemetery near the 
Providence Presbyterian Church, on the land of J. H. P. Bouic; but few in- 
terments have been made there, and it is but little used. These are all the 
public cemeteries in Mill Creek Township. There may be a few private burial 
places, where certain persons have been buried by request, or in an early day, 
from necessity, before the regular cemeteries were established. 

EOADS AND PIKES. 

This township has no railroad passing throiigh its domain, but is sup- 
plied with good gravel roads and pikes, the principal of which are the Cali- 
fornia & Bellepoint, Delaware & W^atkins, Watkins & California, Watkins & 
Bellepoint, Marysville & Watkins, and the Marysville & California gravel 
roads. Several other cross or connecting roads are now graveled, and when we 
compare the present condition of roads and the means of travel and transpor- 
tation with what they were sixty years ago, the contrast is remarkable. Such 
are the improvements and progress of the age. 

19 



342 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

VILLAGE OF WATKINS. 

Watkins is the only village in the township. Upon the records at Marys- 
ville we find the following: " On July 12, 1838, was surveyed a certain tract 
of land in Survey No. 1,307, in Mill Creek Township, Union County, Ohio, and 
the same was laid off into twenty- eight lots, four streets and two alleys, for a 
town to be known by the name of Watkins, Joseph S. Watkins, Deputy Sur- 
veyor." The proprietors were Thomas P. Watkins and William Conklin, who 
duly acknowledged the laying-out of the above for the purposes aforesaid, be- 
fore James Turner, a Justice of the Peace, and the same was duly, recorded 
with the plat July 13, 1838; P. B. Smith Recorder, Union County, Ohio. 

The first house in Watkins was built by James Thompson, which was a 
frame and was erected just east of Ray Thompson's store. He also opened the 
first store in the place, about 1840, in one room of his house. The first black- 
smith was Jacob Warner. The post office was established in 1840-41, with 
James Thompson appointed Postmaster, which office he held till about 1860, 
when he was succeeded by William Hosier, who served about one year. He 
was succeeded by Warret Owen, Esq., who has held the office to the present 
time. The first physician was Mains Wasson; he has been succeeded by Dr. 
Reed, Dr. Rose, Dr. William Andrews, Dr. T. P. Shields and Dr. John Pounds; 
the latter is the present practicing physician. The village now contains two 
general stores — one by Ray Thompson and the other by Leonard Coltise; one 
blacksmith, Edward Bolton; one wagon-maker, William Covey, and one har- 
ness shop, by WaiTct Owen & Son. The town probably contains a population 
of about seventy -five. 

JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. 

1821-29, W^illiam Richey; 1824-29, Samuel Farnum; 1824, James Richer;* 
1825, James Buck; 1836, William Richey; 1836, Samuel Farnum; 1836-41, 
Christian Meyers; 1837-42, James Bell; 1842-44, William Hays; 1843-51, 
James Thompson; 1848-53, John Hutchinson; 1851-56, W^arret Owen; 1853, 
Christian Meyers; 1854, J. H. P. Bouic; 154, Benjamin Gamble; 1856, H. B. 
Felkner; 1857, Anderson Thompson; 1859-64, J). B. Hays; 1860, Warret 
Owen; 1863-74, W. H. Andrews; 1864, William Wallev; 1867, William O. 
Hays; 1870, R. L. Stimmel; 1873, Stephen Graham; 1875-81, Warret Owen; 
1876-81, Stephen Long; 1882, Warret Owen. 

VALUATIONS. 

Value of lands of Mill Creek Township, $336,580; value of real estate in 
towns and villages, $1,280; value of chattel property, $145,415; total, $483,275. 

MILL CREEK GRANGE NO. 99, OF WATKINS. 

This was the first Grange organized in Union County. It was instituted 
August 1], 1873, by William H. Stokes, of Warren County, Ohio, a Deputy 
of the National Grange, with the following officers selected by the charter 
members, viz.: Thomas P. Shields, Master; John M. Roney, Overseer; Lewis 
Lemay, Lecturer; Bolivar Hays, Steward; Aaron Tossey, Jr., Assistant Steward; 
Samuel Hannawalt, Chaplain; R. L. Stimmell, Treasurer; William D. Brown, 
Secretary; Thomas N. Elsom, Gate-keeper; Mrs. Elizabeth Henderson, Ceres; 
]VL:8. Maria Ligget, Pomona; Mrs. Martha J. Elsom, Flora; Mrs. Emily J. Elsom, 
Lady Assistant Steward. For a few years the society prospered, and in 1876 
they raised money by voluntary subscriptions and erected a neat and commodious 
hall, furnishing it appropriately, at a cost of about $1,000. The hall was dedi- 
cated April 5, 1877, by S. H. Ellis, Master of the Ohio State Grange. This society 
has endured great loss in membership, from deaths, removals and other causes. 



MILL CREEK TOWNSHIP. ' 343 

But recently there lias been a revival of interest, and with a membership of about 
thirty it enters upon the year 1883 with brighter prospects. Present officers A 
are, Lewis Lemay, Master; M. R. Haggard, Overseer; Aaron Tossey, Jr., Lec- 
turer; William D. Brown, Steward; Isaiah Lame, Assistant Steward; William 
H. Elsom, Chaplain; Mrs. Sarah Lame, Treasurer; Thomas P. Shields, Secre- 
tary; Luther Ligget, Gate Keeper; Mi-s. E. S. Brown, Ceres; Mrs. S. A. E. 
Elsom, Pomona; Mrs. Maria Ligget, Flora, and Miss M. T. Shields, Lady Assist- 
ant Steward. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

DANIEL ANDERSON, farmer, P. 0. Ostrander, was born in Mill Creek Township, Au- 
gust 7, 1841. His parents were Isaac and Emeroy (Hill) Anderson, the former a native of 
New York City, and the latter of Vermont. Mr. Anderson's parents were natives of Scotland, 
and emigrated to America in 1790, locating in New York City, where they both died during the 
war of 1812, leaving five children — Anthony, Alexander, Isaac and two daughters. Isaac, the 
father of our subject, was early apprenticed to the tanner's trade in the city, serving until he 
was about twenty years of age, when he went to Indiana ; then came to Madison County, Ohio, 
a short time after and resided near Plain City till 1821, when he came to Mill Creek Township 
and purchased 220 acres of land. He cleared up most of the farm, and was Trustee of Mill 
Creek a great many years. He married Miss Emei'oy Hill, by whom he had twelve children, 
eight of whom are now living, viz.: Mary A. (wife of .lames Guy), Elizabeth (wife of Gideon 
Carr), Maria (wife of Joseph Norris), Simpson, Polly (widow of Amazial Hayes), Alexander, 
Daniel and Andrew. Mr. Anderson's death occurred April 5, 1867, and his wife died Septem- 
ber 4, 1854. Daniel was brought up on the farm and educated in the common schools. Jan- 
uary 3, 1861, he was married to Miss Esther, daughter of Conrad and Mary A. Carr. Mrs. An- 
derson was born in Delaware County, Ohio, January 1, 1844. Their three children are as fol- 
lows : Elmer, born December 13, 1862; Mollie B., born November 17, 1864, and G. Clifton, 
born October 17, 1874. Mr. Anderson is a thorough and successful farmer and stock-raiser. 
His farm contains 125 acres and is well-improved. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F., and in 
politics is a Democrat. 

AVALTER B. BEECHER, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, one of the leading farmers of Mill 
Creek Township was born in Herkimer County, N. Y., May 23, 1832. His parents, Zina and 
Lucretia (Sanford) Beecher, were natives of near New Haven, Conn. His father was born in 
November, 1784, and his mother October 27, 1790. They were married in New Haven, Conn., 
and in 1807 removed to Herkimer County, N. Y., thence to Grant County, where they resided, 
Mr. Beecher operating a tannery till the fall of 1836, when they removed to Licking County, 
Ohio. Mr. Beecher bought a form of 220 acres and farmed and kept a dairy till his death, 
October 25, 1865. Mrs. B. died February 26, 1880. They had nine children, six sons and 
three daughters. Two of the daughters are deceased. Walter, the youngest, was reared on the 
homestead in Licking County and educated in the common schools. His father bought 371 acres 
of land in Mill Creek Township, and in April, 1853, gave it to his sons, George and Walter. 
The following winter, then a single man, Mr. Beecher came and settled on his share of the land, 
185 acres ; all was in woods. He cleared a place and erected a log cabin. The succeeding 
year, 1854, he married and moved into his new home. Mr. Beecher started here a poor man, 
with only a horse, saddle and bridle, and $2 in money. But, with an indomitable energy, 
he began to carve his fortune out of the woods. He cleared off his form, all but twenty 
acres and kept making additional purchases till he now owns 523 acres of the best land in the 
township. Mr. Beecher is a thorough and successful farmer and has dealt largely in stock. 
He keeps a flock of about 600 sheep, besides a good many cattle. He is a man of great perse- 
verance, and his success was, no doubt, largely due to those elements of character. December 
10, 1854, he was married to Orinda J., daughter of Samuel and Jane (Riddle) Sherwood. Mrs. 
Beecher was born in Madison County, June 1, 1834. Seven children were the fruits of this 
union, four of whom are now living, viz. : Emma F., born September 5, 1857, wife of W. A. 
Bill; Lucretia J., born March 28, 1860, wife of Chester K. Siegman, and have one child, Ada 
0., born April 4, 1882; Zina A., born March 29, 1864; and Willie L., born June 25, 1870. 
Henry H. born July 22, 1872, and died November 9, 1876; Bertha A. born August 13, 1876, and 
died February 8, 1877 ; an infant son died October 13, 1868. Mrs. Beecher's parents were early 
settlers in Madison County. Her father was born April 2, 1807, and died December 29, 1859. 
Her mother was born March 8, 1812, and died December 21, 1836. They were married Feb- 
ruary 11, 1830. Mrs. Beecher is a member of the Methodist Church, and Mr. B. is a Repub- 
lican. 

JAMES BELL was born in the State of New Jersey about the year 1778, and was married 
to Miss S.irah Warner, of Pennsylvania, in 1799, they having two children born to them in 
Pennsylvania, after which they emigrated to the State of Ohio, in the year 1804, to Warren 
County, near what is now the town of Lebanon, and there they had a son born to them December 



344 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

12, 1805, Silas Bell, for whom this biography is written in memory of. He was brought by 
his parents to Union County, Ohio, in the year 1813, and settled on the fiirm now owned by W. C. 
Henderson, Mill Creek Township. He (James Bell) was one of the first settlers in the township. 
He was the first Squire elected in the township, and held the ofiice for many years, he having 
the largest and most convenient log cabin in the township, for there were no other kind of 
houses those days. The township elections were held at his house for several years. Now that 
we have given a brief history of the parents of Mr. Silas Bell, we will endeavor to give a bio- 
graphical history of Silas Bell. He came to Union County with his parents in 1813, being eight 
years old and not large enough to do much work, and finding a vast wilderness and the Indians, 
bear, deer, wolves and other wild animals too numerous to mention, he naturally became a great 
hunter and trapper, and followed that until he was a man grown, running some narrow risks 
and performing some feats that are almost incredible to relate, a few of which we will endeavor 
to give in this sketch. Being late in the fall, Mr. James Bell (the father of this family) took 
his gun early in the morning and went in pursuit of venison ; he killing a deer in a very short 
time, he dragged it to the path leading to the house. He went to the house and took his boy, 
Silas, and his sister, to prepare the meat for use, telling them to keep the path until they came 
to the deer, and he would go around through the woods and perhaps he might kill another. 
They had gone but a short distance when they heard the report of their father's gun. They 
had proceeded but a few paces farther when a large bear came into the path a few rods ahead of 
the children, they having nothing to protect themselves with but an ax. This boy not being easily 
scared, squared himself in the path, when the bear came at them with open mouth, snorting so 
loud that it made the woods ring. It came on within about one jump of the boy, who stood 
firm with ax drawn ready for the conflict, when bruin stopped short, wheeled to the left and 
disappeared in the woods. The boy being excited by the bear and encouraged by its flight, was 
bound to pursue the animal and renew the attack, but his sister being older and more thought- 
ful, persuaded him to let the bear go. The bear had been wounded by their father, but he 
made his escape. This was the adventure and courage of a boy of fourteen summers. Another 
venturesome act he practiced in his hunting career was climbing the most gigantic trees in the 
wilderness for coon and wild honey, one act of which the writer of this sketch, was an eye 
witness, but not of the one we wish to relate. The tree was an oak, five feet in diameter, in 
which he had found a swarm of bees. He managed to fell a small tree against it, by means of 
which he reached the large limb in which the bees were, about seventy feet from ttie ground. 
He chopped the limb from the large oak, and in falling it knocked the small tree to the ground. 
Looking around him a moment, he saw one of the limbs of the oak extended out over a tough 
black hickory. His first thought was to crawl out on the limb and jump down on that tree. 
The thought was no sooner than the action. He jumped down a distance of fifteen or twenty 
feet, lighting safely in the top of the hickory. Such were some of the adventures of his boyhood 
days. He continued to live with his father and mother until he was in the twenty-first year of 
his age, this being the year 18:i6, when he was married to Miss Abigail Sherman, and in the 
spring of 1821, settled on the farm now owned by Phineas Bell, his only surviving son. Now, 
at this period of life, he in a great measure abandoned his hunting and trapping and went to actual 
labor. Not having much taste for farming, he sought labor on difl"erent jobs of public works, 
such as canals, turnpikes, etc. He followed this avocation until the fall of 1839, when he had 
the sad misfortune to lose his wife, leaving him with six children, the oldest twelve years old. 
One thing remarkable about him was, he remained a widower the remainder of his life. After 
losing his companion, he was compelled to stay at home with his children, so he took up the 
boot and shoe making, followed that of falls and winters about twenty years, making sugar 
during the spring, and digging wells during the summer season of that period of time, after 
which he abandoned all these kinds of labor and turned his attention to the improvement of his 
farm. His four oldest children being girls, left him with but little help on the farm, the writer 
being his only son ; but he being a man of iron constitution, and equally firm in purpose, he was 
fully able for the task. He continued his labor on the farm a few years, when he took a notion to 
see the Western wilds. He having a brother in the central part of Kansas, he first went there. 
They made up a party and went on a butt'alo hunt. This aroused the hunting spirit thai had 
almost died out in his mind. He shouldered his gun with the rest of the company and started 
for the butt'alo plains, where they found them in countless numbers. We have often heard him 
remark that he could see buffalo as far as the sight of the eye could extend. He killed several 
of them; killed one antelope an<l one wolf He shot the wolf at break of day. There were 
several wolves eating at the carcass of a bulfalo they had killed near where they had camped. 
Not being light enough to see very well, he shot somewhat by guess. Seeing he had crippled it, 
he took up the neckyoke of the wagon and attacked the animal, which gave him fight. So his 
first adventure was with a bear and last with a wolf. He then returned home and resumed his 
labor on the farm, and at his death had one of the finest improved farms in Mill Creek Township, 
with the exception of buildings, which he never took much pride in. Now that we have given 
a brief history of the adventures and pursuits of labor of Mr. Silas Bell, we will give an impar- 
tial sketch of the moral character of the same. He hid the good fortuue, by nature, to be very 
mild in temper, and very regular in all the habits of life, which insured him general good health. 



MILL CREEK TOWNSHIP. 345 

A mild temper, regular habits and a charitable disposition gained a lasting friendship of all that 
knew him His life was an exemplary one, full of faith, hope and charity, and good will toward 
men. Such is a partial history of the late Silas Ball, who died May 20, A. D. 1879, in the 
seventy-fourth year of his age, and thus passed away one of Union County's pioneers. 

JOHN L. BORGER, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Bavaria, Germany, May 17, 1827. 
In 1843, his parents, John W. and Elizabeth (Shure) Borger, emigrated to America, settling iu 
Columbus, of which city they remained residents till 1858, when they came to Union County. 
John L. is the eldest child and was raised and educated in Germany. He learned brick-making 
in Columbus, and in 1853 went to Crawford County, where he followed it six years. In 1859, 
he removed to Darby Township, this county, and bought a farm of 196 acres; and a short time 
afterward added twenty-one and a half acres. He occupied this farm till 1872 when he purchased 
his present homestead in Mill Creek Township, which contains 825 acres. Mr. Borger began 
when a poor boy, working for 6 cents a day. Hemade his start manufacturing brick, and when 
he left Crawford County in 1859 he had |5,000, which he invested in a farm in Darby Township. 
By his perseverance and energy, he has made large and valuable property. April 7, 1850, he 
was married to ^laria, daughter of George and Elizabeth Denterlein, by whom he has had the 
following children, viz.: Mary, Maggie, wife of L. Conrad, John K., George A., John L., John 
M. and Lizzie. Mr. and Mrs. Borger are members of the Lutheran Church, and in polities Mr, 
B. is a Democrat. 

JOHN H. P. BOUIC, farmer, P. 0. Ostrander, Delaware County, was born in Montgomery 
County, Md., December 11, 1826, and is a son of Robert H. B. and Rebecca (Lakiu) Bouie, 
natives of Maryland. His grandfathers, Peter Bouic and Daniel Lakin were slave-holders in 
Maryland, and wealthy men. The former was born in France and came to this country when 
eighteen years of age; the latter was born in England and came to this country before the Revo- 
lutionary war, in which he served seven years. Benjamin Lakin, a son of the above gentleman, 
served in the war of 1812. The father of our subject died in Maryland August 17, 1828. He 
was born October 3, 1799. His mother was born April 18, 1798. They were married May 25, 
1823, and had three children. Daniel L., who died September 3, 1854; Washington A., died Octo- 
ber 27, 1882. Mrs. Bouic removed to Franklin County, Ohio, in 1830, and in 1835 she pur- 
chased 231 acres of land in this township for $1,050, on which she settled the same year and 
lived thereon till her death, which occurred December 23, 1870. Our subject was married 
November 6, 1851, to Catharine, daughter of Christian and Hannah Myers, who was born in 
Union County, Ohio, January 10, 1830. They have had nine children, eight of whom are living, 
viz.: Christain W., Rebecca J., Hannah S., Mary C, Clara A., John D., FlorenceO., and Jacob F. 
Emaline M., deceased. He owns 115 acres of the old homestead, and keeps a high grade of stock. 
He is a member of the Presbyterian Church, in which he has been Elder three years. 

THOMAS N. ELSOM, farmer, P. 0. Ostrander, Delaware County, second child of William 
H. and Martha J. (Rittenhouse) Elsom, was born in Albemarle County, Va., August 20, 1849. 
He was brought by his parents to the county the fall after his birth, and settled in Dover Town- 
ship. He was raised principally in Mill Creek Township and received his education in its 
schools. March 25, 1873, he was married to Miss Emma J., daughter of Luther and Mary A. 
(Scott) Winget. Mrs. Elsom was born in Delaware County June 13, 1852. Five children were 
born of this marriage, of whom two are living — Stewart Clayton, born .January 4, 1879; and 
Mary Effie, born December 23, 1880. Nora M., born April 6, 1874, died March 1, 1879 ; Will- 
iam Stanley, born October 5, 1875, died March 2, 1879. A son died in infancy. Mr. Elsom 
located on his farm in 1873, and is engaged in farming and raising Spanish Merino sheep. He 
and wife are members of the Baptist Church, and are charter members of the Grange. He owns 
a farm of 102 acres. 

JACOB L. FELKNER, farmer, P. 0. Ostrander, Delaware County, was born in Hawkins 
County, East Tenn., September 1, 1819, and is a son of Jacob and Mary E. (Hutchinson) 
Felkner. In 1827, they removed to Franklin County, Ohio, and in 1836 removed to Delaware 
County, Ohio, where both died. Lewis Felkner, father of Jacob, Sr., was born in Germany, and 
settled in Virginia. In 1827, the father of our subject bought 120 acres of land here, sixty of 
which he gave to him. He died Christmas Day, 1840. The subject of this sketch was married, 
November 5, 1840, to Ellen, daughter of Jacob and Mary Carr, who was born in Grant County, 
W. Va., in 1821. To them have been born six children, five of whom are living, viz.: Calvin, 
Mary E., Luther, Dudley and Laura. Jacob L., deceased, aged sixteen years. When twenty- 
two years of age, he learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed fifteen years, and in an 
early day he made many coffins. He has served as Trustee two terms, and was Land Appraiser 
in 1870. Politically, he is a Democrat. 

CALVIN FELKNER, farmer, P. 0. Ostrander, Delaware County, eldest son of Jacob L. and 
Ellen Felkner. was born in Mill Creek Township February 13, 1842. He was reared on a 
farm and educated in the common schools. April 13, 1862, he was married to Marinda, daughter 
of James Liggett. Mrs. Felkner was born in Mill Creek Township February 9, 1845. Of their 
four children, two are living — William Arthur, born September 13, 1866, and Laura Amelia, born 
May 23, 1871. Sarah Ellen, born May 18, 1863, and died August 5, 1879, and Fay Shields, 
born February 27, 1868, and died October 6, 1878. In April, 1862, Mr. Felkner located on the 



846 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

farm he now occupies, which contains eighty-seven and three-fourtlis acres. He is by occupa- 
tion a fariner, and rears fine horses — roadsters. In politics, he is Democratic. 

DAVID FISH, farmer, P. 0. Ostrander, Delaware County, was born in Frederickstown, 
Md., December 8, 1829. His parents, .lames and Catharine (Easterday) Fish, were natives of 
Maryland, and of Irish and German descent. They removed to Columbus, Ohio, in 1833, and 
the following year to ^lill Creek Township. Mr. Fish bought a farm of 118 acres, and at his death, 
which occurred January 18, 1871, he owned IGO acres of land. Mrs. Fish died August 20, 
1872. They were members of the Protestant jNIethodist Church, and were the parents of ten 
children. David was reared on a farm, and spent his early life with his father in clearing it up. 
When of age, he married and rented till 1864, when he purchased fifty-one and one-half acres of 
land, which he sold in April, 1874, and bought his present farm. October 26, 1854, he was 
married to Miss Elizabeth S., daughter of Isaac and Sarah Wells. Mrs. Fish was born in Haw- 
kins County, Tenn., September 17, 1827. Of six children born to this marriage there are 
living James I. C, Sabin R. and John W. Emanuel M., David H. and Sylvan A. are deceased. 
Mrs. Fish is a member of the New Providence Presbyterian Church. In politics, Mr. Fish is 
Democratic. He owns a well-improved fiirm of 160 acres, and is engaged in farming and keep- 
ing Poland-China hogs. In 1880, he erected a residence at 'an expense of §2,000. Mr. Fish 
started in married life with less than $100, and by dint of energy he has acquired valuable 
property. 

CHRISTIAN M. GRAHAM, farmer, P. O. Marysville, was born in Paris Township Septem- 
ber 22, 1839. He is a son of Robert and Judith (Bell) Graham. The former was born in 1808, 
and in 1812 came with his parents to Clark County, and in 1821 settled in this township. His 
grandparents came from England, and both died in Hamilton County, Ohio. Robert was mar- 
ried to Judith Bell December 22, 1829. They lived in this township till 1867, when they re- 
moved to Marysville, where he died in January, 1882. She departed this life in August, 186!:». 
To them were born six children. He married for his second wife Mary J. Williams, in January, 
1870. Our subject is the third son and fifth child, and was reared upon the farm. April 23, 
1861, he enlisted in Company D, Fourteenth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, for three 
months, but served until August 13, 1861. He re-enlisted November 20, 1861, in Company H, 
Forty sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was appointed Chief Musician, in which capacity he 
served till July 1, 1864. He was in the Fifteenth Army Corps,, and took part in seventeen of 
the hard-fought battles of the war, and was honorably discharged at Columbus in 1865. He re- 
ceived a sunstroke at Jackson, Miss., from which he has never recovered. April 3, 1863, he was 
married to Lavina, daughter of Philip and Margaret Miller. She was born in Columbiana 
County, Ohio, November 10, 1844. Six children have been born to them, viz.: Alva D., Marion 
L., Ella M. and Eva M. (twins), William P. and Emma L. They are members of the Christian 
Church. He is a member of the Central Ohio Christian Conference. He has been Township 
Trustee five terms. Also a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. He owns sixty-five 
a«cres of land, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. 

GEORGE HANAWALT, Jr., former, P. 0. Ostrander, Delaware County, son of Samuel 
and Catharine (Acton) Hanawalt, was born in Mill Creek Township February 24, 1855. He 
was reared on a farm and received his training in the common schools. February 24, 1874, he 
was joined in marriage to Miss Esther A., daughter of Josiah and Mercy Baughman. Mrs. H. 
was born in Union County April 30, 1855. This marriage was blest with four children — Samuel 
J., born December 10, 1874 ; Berry E., born April 14, 1876 ; Pearl 0., born March 80, 1880, and 
Myrtle R., born October 17, 1882. Mr. Hanawalt owns 107 acres of well improved land, and 
is engaged in farming and rearing Spanish Merino sheep. He is identified with the orders of 
I. 0. 0. F. and I. 0. R. M., and in politics is a Republican. 

WILLIAM C. HENDERSON, farmer, P. 0. Wafkins, a prominent agriculturist and fine 
stock-raiser of Mill Creek Township, was born in Indiana County, Penn., October 28, 1825; his 
parents, John and Anna (Jack) Henderson, came to Union County and settled on the farm 
occupied by the subject of this sketch. William is the youngest son and next to the 
youngest child of twelve children— seven sons and five daughters. He spent his youth and 
early manhood on the homestead, and received his education in the common schools of Mill 
Greek Township. Wtien of age he took up the cooper's trade at New California, and followed it 
seven years, most of the time on the home farm ; he made his start in this way, and in 1850 
bought thirty-four acres of the homestead. He finally bought out all the heirs and owned the 
whole farm, which contained 140 acres. To this he kept making additional purchases of land 
till he now owns 431 acres, which constitutes one of the best farms in Union County. In 1873, 
he had built a large, commodious brick residence, the finest in the township. Mr. Henderson 
embarked in life a poor boy, working at the pittance wages of 25 cents and 31 cents a day ; he has 
been an upright, honorable, hard-working man, and by his untiring energy and industry has 
achieved success. In public enterprises and improvements, he has always lent his aid and 
support. To the pikes he has given at least $3,500. December, 1870, Mr. Henderson was mar- 
ried to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Moses and Margaret Sewell, by whom he has two bright lit- 
tle children — Myrtie A. and an infant. 

SIMON D. KILGORE, farmer, P. 0. Jerome, a large farmer and stock-raiser of Mill Creek 
Township, was born in Canaan Township, Madison County, May 10, 1837. He is the youngest 



MILL CREEK TOWNSHIP. 347 

of ten children, six of whom are now living. His parents, Thomas and Jane (Patterson) Kil- 
gore, were natives of Westmoreland County, Penn., and Botetourt County, Va., respectively ; he 
was raised on his native place and was educated in the common schools of the district. He re- 
sided with his father till 1868, when he purchased 209 acres of his farm in Mill Creek Town- 
ship. His father came with him in 1865, and lived in the family till his death. Mr. Kilgore 
was married July 3, 1864, to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Abraham and Martha Cary. Mrs. K.. 
was born in Madison County, Ohio, February 19, 1842. Three children were born to this union 
— Ettie J., born March 13, 1869 ; Cora E , born June 15, 1875 ; and Thomas H., born March 6, 
1877. Mr. Kilgore owns a well improved and highly cultivated farm of 805 acres, and is a suc- 
cessful agriculturist and stock-raiser of the township. He and wife are members of the Meth- 
odist Episcopal Church. In politices he has always voted with the Republican party. 

WILLIAM D. KIRKLAND, farmer, P. 0. Ostrander, Delaware County, an old pioneer of 
Mill Creek, was born in Mecklinburg County, Va., December 20, 1808. His parents, George and 
Martha (Stanback) Kirkland, were also natives of Mecklinburg County. His father was born 
March 5, 1777, and his mother December 14, 1791. They were married in 1807, and removed to 
Charlotte County, Va., in 1812. From that county Mr. Kirkland was drafted in the war with 
Great Britain, and served eighteen months. His father, Burrel Kirkland, served from beginning 
to end in the American Revolution, after which he moved to Montgomery County, Ky., where he 
died, aged one hundred and eight. In 1829, our subject's parents removed to Franklin County, 
Ohio, where they both died; the former in December, 1863, and the latter September 13, 1875. Will- 
iam, at an early age, learned wagon and carriage making, at which both his father and grandfather 
were professionals. He followed it till 1838, and more or less till 1858. In four years at his trade, 
near Dxiblin, he made and saved $400, with which, in 1840, he bought 70 acres of land in Mill 
Creek Township, for which he paid $212. He would often work in the harvest-field cradling 
grain all day, and then work all night at his trade. In February, 1841, he moved on his new 
farm on Mill Creek, and followed the farm of summers and his trade of winters, till 1858, since 
which time he has farmed alone. In 1852, he purchased thirty acres, paying for the same $300. 
He has made subsequent additions, till his farm now contains 300 acres of land, most of which he 
has cleared and improved himself. Since 1859, he has been engaged in farming and stock-raising, 
and for the last four years he has kept French and Clydesdale horses. September 10, 1829, he 
was married to Jane, daughter of John Trusler, who died September 9, 1853, leaving five children; 
four are living — Lizzie, wife of Adam Robinson ; Hannah, wife of Wilson Brown ; George and 
William John is deceased. Mr. Kirkland was married the second time May 2, 1859, to Elizabeth 
A. Beard, daughter of Michael and Mary Beard, and a native of Zanesville, Ohio, where she was 
born October 29, 1823. Two sons were born to this union — Michael A. and Marion E. Mr. Kirk- 
land embarked in life a poor boy, but, through perseverance and energy, he has made for himself 
valuable possessions. Politically, he is Democratic, having cast his first vote for Gen. Jackson. 

LUTHER LIGGETT, farmer, P. 0. Watkins, was born in this township October 11, 1836, and 
is a son of Absalom and Millie (Carr) Liggett. He (Absalom) was born in Ross County, Ohio, 
October 9, 1810, and was a son of James Liggett, who was born in Hardy County, Va., in 1778. 
He settled in Ross County, Ohio, in 1810, and in 1817 removed to Delaware County, Ohio, and 
settled at what is now Ostrander, where he died in 1864. The father of our subject was the fourth 
child of a family of ten children, viz : Job, Joab, Abner, Absalom, William, Millie, Coonrod, 
Susan, James and Gideon — all deceased but Abner. Absalom was married, in 1833, to Millie 
Carr, who bore him ten children, of whom eight lived to maturity, Luther being the eldest child. 
He was married, in 1857, to Maria, daughter of James W. and Laura R. (Kinney) Wilkinson, by 
whom he has had seven children, six of whom are living, viz.: Newton E., James A., Louisa A. 
L., Wayne, Clara M. and Henry C. An infant daughter deceased. After his marriage he lived on 
a rented farm till 1862, at which time he purchased ninety-six acres of land. At present he owns 
300 acres of valuable land. He deals extensively in short-horned cattle, some of which he has 
exhibited at the World s Fair. He is now serving his fourth term as a member of the Agricult- 
ural Board, two years of which time he has been Vice President of the society. He has also 
served as Township Trustee, Township Clerk and Treasurer. In October, 1882, he was elected 
a member of the Board of County Commissioners. Politically, he is a Democrat, and has been 
delegated to various State and county conventions. Mrs. Liggett was born in Marysville, December 
17, 1836. Her parents came to the above place in 1836, where they resided till 1857, and moved 
to Butler County, Neb., where they both died — the former, March 25, 1883, and the latter 
March 7, 1875. Mr. Wilkinson served as Probate Judge of Butler County two years, and, while 
a resident of Marysville, filled the ofiBce of Justice of the Peace. 

ABNER LIGGETT, farmer, P. 0. Ostrander, Delaware County, was born in Mill Creek 
Township April 17, 1850; he is a son of James and Sarah Ann (Richards) Liggett, of Virginia 
and New York respectively. His father was born November 14, 1817, and his mother April 20, 
1819. They were married in Delaware County October 1, 1840, and had eight children — Ar- 
thur, married Clarinda Freshwater; Marinda, wife of Calvin Felkner : Abner (our subject); 
Joab, married Rose Honeter, and since Estelle Thompson : Gideon ; Minerva, wife of Hiram 
Penny ; William and Amelia. Mr. and Mrs. Liggett came to Union County in 1844, where they 
both died ; the former August 29, 1882, and the latter March 28, 1870. Abner was married 



348 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

April 7, 1870, to Cassie, daughter of George and Mai-garet (Moore) Swank, and a native of 
Darby Township, Union County, where she was born June 17, 1851. They have two children — 
James Ray, born May 10, 1872; and Mona S., born October 5, 1880, and died November 24, 
1881. Mr. Liggett owns the old homestead, which contains 164 acres, and is engaged in farm- 
ing and rearing short-horned cattle. He is serving his second term as Trustee of Mill Creek, 
and in politics is a Democrat. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. 

ELDER DANIEL LONG, deceased. The subject of this sketch, for many years pastor 
of the Christian Churches of the eastern part of Union County, was born in Alleghany County, 
Md., August 9, 1789. He was a son of Rosemond and Margaret (Devault) Long, who settled 
in Maryland prior to the war of the Revolution ; he was the youngest of nine children. About 
the time of the war of 1812 he came lo Mill Creek Township, Union County, and served during 
the latter part of that war; he traveled over the southern part of the Stale on his Gospel mis- 
sion and organized churches. He founded the first Christian Church in the county, and the first 
church of that order in Mill Creek Township, over which he presided as pastor till his death, 
which occurred November 26, 1873, aged eighty-four yeara, while conducting a series of revival 
meetings at Mill Creek Chapel. His marriage with Nancy Kelley, which occurred April 22, 1813, 
was blest with one child — Thomas W., who was born June 3, 1819 ; he was reared on a farm, 
and educated in the Worthington Schools. When nineteen years of age he engaged in teaching, 
which he followed till 1860, and was one of the most efficient teachers in the county. January 
30, 1846, he was married to Miss Nancy, daughter of Stephen Latimer. Mrs. Long was born 
in Franklin County, Ohio, January 28, 1820. Three sons were born to this union — Daniel, born 
June 26, 1850 ; married Laura B. Bodley and have three children — Nancy B., Alice and Lou. 
Stephen, born January 28, 1852 ; and George W., born December 25, 1853, and married Sarah 
Freshwater. Mr. Long died October 25, 1865, while serving as Township Treasurer. He left 
an estate of 275 acres of land, of which Stephen now owns 121 acres, embracing that portion 
which has the residence erected in 1861. Mrs. Long resides with Stephen. He is engaged in 
farming and stock-raising In April, 1876, he was elected Justice of the Peace, and re-elected 
in 1879 ; he is a member of the Grange and I. 0. 0. F., and in politics possesses the Democratic 
views of his father. 

GEORGE W. LONGBRAKE, farmer, P. 0. Watkins, was born in Shelby County, Ohio, Jan- 
uary 4, 1810 ; his father, Jacob Longbrake, a native of Fairfield County, Ohio, was born Janu- 
ary 17, 1808; and his mother, Susan Farnum, a native of Essex County, N. Y., was born Sep- 
tember 17, 1811. Her parents, Zebediah and Jane Farnum came to Franklin County, Ohio, in 
1818, and in 1822 to Mill Creek Township, where they both died ; the former October 19, 1852, 
and the latter February 7, 1852. Jacob Longbrake came to Union County with his mother in 
1830, and settled in Dover Township. He married December 12, 1833, and died January 10, 1865, 
leaving a widow and four children — Marinda, wife of Robert Thompson; Roxey A., wife of 
James H. Bethard ; George VV., the subject of this sketch ; and Ida A., wife of J. L. Richey. 
Emily M. is deceased. George W., our subject, was reared to manhood on a farm and was edu- 
cated in the common schobls. April 15, 1868, he was married to Miss Bell J., daughter of 
James B. and Jane Richey, and a native of Dover Township, where she was born September 26, 
1852. They have two children — Alma E., born August 23, 1870 ; and Lima, born February 28, 
1879. In 1850, Mr. Longbrake's parents settled on the farm he now occupies. He owns KtO 
acres and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. In 1864, Mr. Longbrake was a member of 
Company H, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Rcjtiment Ohio National Guards. He served 100 
days and was discharged at Columbus, Ohio. Iq 1882, he was elected to the Board of Township 
Trustees. 

WARRET OWEN, farmer, P. 0. Watkins, one of the oldest Justices of the Peace of Union 
County, was born in Champaign (bounty, Ohio, July 3, 1823. His parents, James and Rebecca 
(Henry) Owen, were natives of Virginia. His grandparents, on his father's side, it is thought, 
came from AVales prior to 1776, and his grandfaher served in the Revolutionary war. The 
parents of our subject moved to Champaign County before the war of 1812, and died when he 
was a boy of about ten years. He is next to the youngest of eleven children, of whom ten lived 
to maturity. At the age of fourteen, Warret was apprenticed to the saddlery and harness- 
makers' trade. He worked two years in Mechanicsburg, then came to Marys ville, and remained 
with Evans & Jennings till November, 1840. In 1845, he came to Watkins, and established 
himself in his trade, which he followed successfully up to 1873. He was elected Justice of the 
Peace in 1859, and has since filled that office, now serving his twenty-fourth year. He is a man 
of good executive ability, and has no doubt acted as Justice longer than any other man in 
Union County. In 1861, he was appointed Postmaster at Watkins, and has served in that capac- 
ity ever since that date. December 22, 1844, he was married to Emily Farnum, daughter of 
Zebediah and Jane Farnum, who were among the early settlers of Mill Creek Township. Mr. 
and Mrs. Owen were blessed with five children ; of them three are living — Rebecca J., wife of 
Berry Hanawalt ; John R., who married Catharine A. Gamble, and Aurelious A, who mar- 
ried Mary R. Davis. James Z. and Susan C. are deceased. Mr. Owen was largely instrumen- 
tal in organizing the Methodist Episcopal Church at Watkins, and with his family has been 
prominently connected with it ever since. He is now serving as Class Leader and Circuit 
Steward. 






lay 






w //^^ 



MILL CREEK TOWNSHIP. 351 

JOHN PEIRSAL, former, P. 0. Watkins, an old pioneer of Mill Creek Township, was born 
in Chester County, Penn., March 21, 1812. He is a son of Jacob and Mary (Boyer) Peirsal, 
natives of Chester and Dauphin Counties, Penn., respectively. Mr. Peirsal was born March 18, 
1784, and bis wife April 15, 1784. They were married in Pennsylvauia, and reared most of 
their family there. Of their children, the following are living: Silas, Richard, John, the sub- 
ject of this notice, Elizabeth, widow of John Haney, and Mary A., widow of John Poe. Mr. 
and Mrs. Peirsal died in the same year, and at about the same age. John, our subject, when 
seventeen years of age, took up blacksmithing in Waynesburg, Penn., and served an apprentice- 
ship of four years. He followed his trade principally till April, 1839, when he came to Mill 
Creek Township. He first bought 109 acres of land, but continued to purchase till his farm in- 
creased to a farm of 700 acres. January 9, 1834, he married Catharine Westley, daughter of 
Samuel and Christina Westley, and a native of Berks County, Penn., where she was bora Janu- 
ary 9, 1814. Of fifteen children born to this union, eleven are living, viz.: Cliristina. wife of 
Alexander Anderson ; Elijah Westley and Silas (twins); Evan; Mar v', wife of John Stayraan ; 
George ; Margaret, wife of Perry Smart; John, Catharine, Enoch and Jacob. Samuel, Eliza and 
Elizabeth are deceased. Mrs. Peirsal died August 22, 1877. Mr. Peirsal started out when a 
boy to carve out his fortune, and through his years of energy and industry he became the owner 
of 700 acres of valuable land, which he divided among his children, till he now owns but 300 
acres. Politically, Mr. P. is Democratic. He cast his first vote for old Gen. Jackson. 

GEORGE PIERSOL, farmer, P. 0. Ostrander, Delaware County, fourth son of John and 
Catharine Piersol, was born on the old homestead in Mill Creek Township June 24, 1842. He 
v?as reared on a farm till of age. April 1, 1864, he enlisted in Company A, One Hundred and 
Thirty-fourth Regiment Ohio National Guards. He served in the Eastern army, in Maryland, 
and participated in an engagement at City Point, Md., and witnessed the battle of Petersburg 
and Butler's charge, at Fort No. Eight. He was honorably discharged at Camp Chase the fol- 
lowing September. In 1866, he went to Kansas and followed carpentering two years and 
retur.ned, locating on his present farm in spring of 1869. April, 1867, he was married to 
Mrs. Barbara Harriger, widow of J. C. Harriger, and daughter of William and Harriet Mc- 
Cauley. Mrs. P. died October 11, 1869, leaving one child, Mary, who was born October 8, 
1868. Mr. Peirsol was again married February 24, 1872, to Miss Abigail C, daughter of 
Dr. J. T. and Eliza R. Robinson. Mrs. P. was born in Fulton County, Penn., December 1, 
1852. Their children are as follows: Eliza, born February 2, 1873; Enoch W., born June 
30, 1875; Joseph T., born April 1, 1878, and Orvil, born April 17, 1881. Mr. Peirsol owns 
a farm of eighty-five acres. He was one term Trustee of Mill Creek Township. 

E. P. ROGERS, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, a prominent breeder of thoroughbred Spanish 
Merino sheep, was born in Licking County, Ohio, May 6, 1852. He is a son of John C. and 
Nancy Rogers, who reside in Marysville. He is the youngest of three children. He passed his 
early life on a farm, and was educated in the common schools and Delaware Commercial College, 
from which institution he graduated in February, 1881. He taught school one year, and then 
came on the farm. He is engaged extensively in buying and selling French and Clydesdale horses. 
His chief attention is given to breeding thoroughbred Spanish Merino sheep, in which pursuit 
he has been very successful. As a fine sheep and horse raiser he ranks as one of the leading 
men of the county. He is a regular exhibitor at the world's fair. January 23, 1880, he was 
married to Miss Alice C, daughter of A. G. and M. R. Boring. Mrs. Rogers was born in Dover 
Township February 22, 1856. Mr. and Mrs. Rogers are members of the New Dover Methodist 
Episcopal Church. He is identified with the orders of I. 0. 0. F., I. O. R. M. and K. of P. 
Politically, he is a Republican. He owns fifty acres land, and has charge of 300 acres more 
which he cultivates. 

DR. THOMAS P. SHIELDS, of Mill Creek Township, was born in Cumberland County, Va. 
On his father's side he is of Irish and Scotch descent, the family having emigrated to this coun- 
try, locating first in the State of Delaware, and subsequently moved to Virginia. Hih grand- 
father, John Shields, was an officer. Captain, in the Revolutionary war. His father, David 
Shields, was raised in Rockbridge County, Va., and served in the war of 1812-14. His grand- 
father on his mother's side was Joseph Watkins, of Goochland County, Va., who was of Welsh 
descent and of a Quaker family. His grandmother was Mary Carrington, a sister of Gen. Ed- 
ward Carrington, of Revolutionary fame. He was with Washington throughout the Revolution, 
a member of his staff, and an intimate friend of La Fayette. The Carringtons were English, and 
settled in Virginia at an eatly day. Dr. Shields, after attending the primary schools in his 
neighborhood, took a course in Washington College (now Washington and Lee University) in 
Lexington, Va., and then attended lectures in the University of Virginia, in Charlottesville, and 
the University of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia. After graduating, he settled on the farm on 
which his widowed mother resided and on which he was born, and practiced successfully his 
profession as physician and surgeon. For some years before the late war, he had been con- 
nected with a volunteer military company. This company was ordered out early in the war, 
and attached to the Eighteenth Virginia Regiment, Confederate States Army, which served 
mostly in the Army of Northern Virginia. In the winter of 1862, his health becoming impaired, 
he resigned his position and received the appointment of Surgeon, and served principally in the 



352 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

hospitals until the close of the war. In 1867, he removed to Ohio with his family and settled 
in Mill Creek Township, on a farm belonging to his sister. Miss Mary C. Shields. Since then 
he has devoted his attention to farming and stock-raising, taking great interest in short-horn 
cattle and sheep, and has been a liberal exhibitor at our county fairs. He was one of a few who 
formed the first farmers' club in the county, and was a member of the first grange in the county. 
He was afterward made a Deputy by appointment from the National Grange, and organized the 
granges in this county, and a large number in other counties in the State. He has been an 
active worker in the grange, and has frequently represented the granges of the county in the 
State Grange. He has been connected with the county agricultural society for some years, and 
is at present the Vice President of that society. He has been a warm advocate of public im- 
provements and favored whatever was calculated to advance his neighborhood and county. He 
served a number of years as Treasurer of Mill Creek Township, and the School Board. In re- 
ligion, Dr. Shields is an Episcopalian, but there being no church of that denomination within 
reach, he has been liberal in supporting other churches in the vicinity, and has been an active 
worker in the Sunday school. He has been married twice ; first he married Miss Martha C. 
Bradley, of Pikeville, Ala., who died in 1859, leaving a son and daughter. The son, Gamble 
Shields, married Miss Lulie A. Liggett, a daughter of Arthur Liggett, Esq., .of Mill Creek, and 
is now living on a farm in Hamilton County, Ohio. The daughter, Martha Thomasia Shields, 
is living with her father. He was married a second time in 1863, to Miss Elizabeth J. Ford, of 
Cumberland County, Va., who was known to a large circle of friends in this county and State 
as a lady of rare accomplishments. She died March 26, 1882, leaving nine children, viz.: Fannie 
M., Alfred W., Carrington, Mary H., Bessie P., Richmond L., Ruth E., .Jennie V., Buretta F. 

ROBERT L. STIMMEL, farmer, P. 0. Ostrander, a native of Franklin County, Ohio, was 
born December 14, 1837. His parents, Abraham and Elizabeth (Lisle) Stimmel, were natives of 
Franklin County, and came to Mill Creek Township in 1844. His grandparents, Michael and 
Catharine (Plumb) Stimmel, came to Franklin County, Ohio, before the war of 1812, and died in 
Hamilton Township. Robert's parents resided in Mill Creek till 1857, when they returned to 
Franklin County, where they died — Mr. Stimmel June 7, 1866, and Mrs. S. February — , 1873. 
Mr. Stimmel was born June 11, 1813, and Mrs. S. in 1815. They had ten children, of whom 
Robert is eldest. They came to the county in 1859 and bought a farm, now containing 166^ 
acres, besides 107 acres in another part of the county. His marriage with Rebecca E., daughter 
of Joseph and Mary Hutchinson, occurred February 3, 1859, and was blest with ten children; 
eight are living — Alvin, Irwin, Hattie, Joseph L., Emma, Robert T., Viola and Freddie. Charlie 
and Clara are deceased. Mrs. Stimmel was born in Mill Creek February 15, 1840. Mr. Stim- 
mel is serving his second term as Justice of the Peace. He was Township Trustee four years, 
and Clerk two years. He owns 273 acres of land, and follows farming and stock-raising. 

W. T. THOMPSON, merchant, Watkins, was born at Watkins, Ohio, June G, 1851, and is a 
son of James and Catharine (Gamble) Thompson, the former a native of Virginia, and the latter 
of Ireland. They had a family of twelve children, of whom eleven survive — ten boys and one 
girl. The wife and mother died in 1854. The father still survives, at the age of seventy-one 
years, and is a resident of Delaware, Ohio. Our subject was raised and educated at Watkins, 
and resided with his father until he reached his majority, when he purchased 100 acres of land 
in Mill Creek Township, on which he lived seven years. After leaving the farm, he entered the 
mercantile trade at Watkins, where he is still engaged in business. In 1872, he married Mary 
Alice, daughter of Lewis and Catharine (Miller) Lemay, residents of this township. To this 
union four children have been born, all now living, viz.: Gueretta, Catharine, John and James. 

JOHN W. WELLS, P. 0. Ostrander, was born in Franklin County, Ohio, November 
7, 1835. Is a son of Isaac and Sarah (Trusler) Wells, natives of Hawkins County, Tennessee, 
and Rockingham County, Va. His father was born September 15, 1798, and his mother 
February 15, 1804. They were married March 8, 1825, and in 1829 removed to Dub- 
lin, Ohio, where they lived till 1836, at which time they settled in this township, on the farm 
occupied by our subject. Here he died October 26, 1844. His wife departed this life July 12, 
1872. To them were born ten children, three sons and seven daughters. John W. is the second 
son and sixth child. He was married February 25, 1873, to Rachel, daughter of James L. and 
Elizabeth McKirgan, who was born in Tennessee, June 11, 1844. To them have been born five 
children, three of whom are living, viz.: Byron B., ('larenceM. and Albert D. Rosa and Ralph 
died in infancy. He owns eighty-eight acres of valuable land, all well improved. He and wife 
are exemplary members of the Presbyterian Church. 



DOVER TOWNSHIP. 353 



CHAPTER VI. 



DOVER TOWNSHIP. 

THIS is one of the more recently-erected townships, occupies a central po- 
sition on the eastern boundary of the county, and is bounded as follows : 
On the north by Leesburg Township, on the east by Delaware County, and Mill 
Creek Township, on the south by Mill Creek Township, and on the West by 
Paris Township. The territory composing Dover originally belonged to Mill 
Creek, and remained in that township, it appears, until December, 1838, when, 
although the date of the act of the Commissioners is not recorded, it is evi- 
dent it was constituted into a township to be known by the name of Dover, as 
follows: "Beginning at an ash, elm and sugar tree, at the southwest corner 
of Survey No. 9,028, in the name of John Hunt, and most westerly corner 
to Mill Creek Township, thence north to west, along the east line of Surveys 
Nos. 2,254, 3,350, 3,352, 4,072 and 3,390 to two hickories and sugar trees at 
the northwest corner of Survey No. 5,505, in the name of Selby Onions, thence 
north 80° E. 400 poles to an ash, beech, sugar tree and iron wood ; thence 
north 10° W. 200 poles, to two ash trees and a hickory, the northwest corner 
of Siirvey No. 5,869, in the name of William B. Bunting; thence, north 80^ 
east, 400 poles to a stake in the line of Union and Delaware Counties ; thence 
with the line of said counties south to a stake in the line of Survey No. 
5,501, and the most northerly corner to Mill Creek Township, thence with the 
line of Mill Creek Township, as recorded above, to the place of beginning." 

"March 5, 1839, ordered by the County Commissioners, that the boundary 
line of Mill Creek and Dover Townships be altered, so as to detach from Mill 
Creek Township, and attach to Dover Township Survey No. 3,007, in the name 
of John Graham." 

The lands of this township were surveyed as follows : Surveyed, June 3, 
1797, for John Graham, Assignee, 1,087 acres, Survey No. 3,007. Nathaniel 
Massie, D. S. Surveyed December 14, 1798, for Edward Dawse, Assignee, 372 
acres. Survey No. 3,355. Nathaniel Massie, D. S. Surveyed October 20, 1801, 
for John Overton. 1,000 acres. Survey No. 4,065. John Kerr, D. S. Surveyed, 
January 22, 1807, for John Pride, heir-at-law to William Pride, deceased, 
1,000 acres. Survey No. 5,135. James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed, July 
27, 1807, for Robert Means, Assignee, 1,358 acres, Survey No. 5,497. James 
Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed July 27, 1807, for Robert Means, Assignee, 
1,358 acres, Survey No. 5,498. James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed July 28, 
1807, for Robert Means, Assignee, 1,358 acres. Survey No. 5,499. James Galloway, 
Jr., D. S. Surveyed, July 19, 1807, for Robert Means, Assignee, 800 acres. Sur- 
vey No. 5,501. James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed July 29, 1807, for Robert 
Means, 800 acres. Survey No. 5,502, James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed July 30, 
1807, for Robert Means and John Stokely, Assignees, 428 acres, Smwey No. 5,504. 
James Galloway, Jr., D. S, Surveyed, November 9, 1809, for Robert Means, 
Assignee, 255 acres, Survey No. 5,505. James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Sur- 
veyed November 8, 1809, for the representatives of Selby Onions, 200 acres, 
Survey No. 5,505. James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed June 3, 1808, for 
the representatives of William B. Bunting, 1,000 acres. Survey No. 5,869. 
James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed, February 19, 1817, for John Hunt, 
1,000 acres, Survey No. 9,028. David Collins, D. S. Surveyed, 1,000 acres 



354 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

for John White, Survey No. 3,950. Surveyed, 1,000 acres for Robert Dand- 
ridge, eleven and four-fifths acres in Dover Township, and the balance in Mill 
Creek Township, Survey No. 1,307. 

STREAMS, SURFACE, SOIL, ETC. 

The principal streams of this township are Blues Creek and Mill Creek. 
The former enters from Leesburg, through the farm of J. McKelvey, in Survey 
No. 5,497, and courses a little south of east through the north central part of 
the township into Delaware County, leaving Dover in the farm of J. Ritten- 
house. Survey No. 7,358. This creek I'eceives, in about the center of its course 
through the township, Grass Run, which is the only tributary of any size or 
name. Mill Creek enters the township at about the center of its western 
boundary, in the farm of D. F. Dyal, Survey No. 3,355, and takes a southeast- 
erly course to the northeast corner of Isaiah Lame's farm and the corner of 
Mill Creek Township, from which point it takes nearly an east course, forming 
the boundary line between Dover and Mill Creek. At the eastern line of the 
farm of J. Battees, it takes a northeast course through the corner of Mill 
Creek Township, and just cutting the southeast corner of Dover Township, 
passes on through the corner of Mill Creek Township into Delaware County. 
This is the greatest stream of the county for water power and mill privileges, 
and in an early day furnished sites for many mills, most of which are now 
things of the past, or have been converted into steam-power-mills. Between 
the two streams above described is Dun's Run, which rises on the farm of S. 
Butz, in Survey No. 5,497, courses southeast through the central portion of the 
township and passes into Delaware County, through the farm of P. J. Sher- 
man, on Survey No. 3,007. These are all the streams of importance in Dover 
Township. The surface is generally level, or slightly undulating, and lies 
beautifully for the purposes of agriculture, which is the chief pursuit of its 
inhabitants. Along the two streams, Mill Creek and Blues Creek, the surface 
is rolling, and in some parts hilly. The balance of the township is, as stated 
above, generally level. The soil is rich and productive. Along the creek bot- 
toms it is principally a deep, black loam. The balance of the township is 
generally a clay soil, strong and productive, and not liable to be effected by an 
ordinary drought to an extent sufficient to injure the crops. The land was 
originally very wet, but by ample ditching and draining with tile is becoming 
in good condition for cultivation or grazing. The principal productions of 
the soil are wheat, corn, oats and potatoes. It is also an excellent grass grow- 
ing countiy, and much attention is given to grazing and the stock business. 
Among the larger farms one can see fine herds of cattle grazing upon their 
beautiful pastures. These lands were originally very heavily timbered, and 
the first settlers had heavy labors to perform to remove these giants of the for- 
est, clear up the thick undergrowth, and grub out and bring the land into cul- 
tivation ; in fact, it took many years before the large stumps and roots became 
decayed and removed, so as to leave the land clear and easy of cultivation. 
The first generation labored and toiled and expended their energies and very 
life to remove the forests and make their homes and farms ; and most of them, 
when just in condition to begin to live and enjoy some of the comforts of life 
which their labors had produced, were called away by death, and all the fruits 
of their many labors left to the enjoyment of others. The timber along the 
creek bottoms consisted principally of walnut, hickory, elm, sycamore, and 
some cherry and oak. The walnut grew in great numbers and of fine quality, 
but in that day they were of comparatively little value, thousands of fine logs 
being rolled into log heaps, and burned to get them off the land ; these, if now 
in possession of the owners of the land, would be of great value. Away from 



DOVER TOWNSHIP. 855 

the creek bottoms, the timber consists principally of hickory, oak, elm, sugar 
tree and beech ; the sugar-tree formed in many localities the principal timber, 
and in that day, as at present, was of great utility and profit by reason of the 
vast quantities of sugar made. It also then, as now, produced the best of 
wood for fuel. The country is now nearly destitute of walnut timber, the 
manufacturers of fine furniture having. demanded and obtained nearly every- 
thing of the walnut species, but the sugar tree groves have been carefully pre- 
served for the luxury and profit they yield in sugars and fine syi'ups. 

EAKLT SETTLERS. 

The first locality in this township where the sound of the woodman's ax 
broke upon the solitude of the vast forest, was on the south or west bank of 
Mill Creek, in the southwest part of the township. A few years earlier, Eph- 
raim Burroughs had settled in the wilderness of Mill Creek Township, near 
where the village of Watkins now stands, with his family of seven sons and 
four daughters. Of these children the second son, Jonathan M. Burroughs, 
was liorn in New Jersey, September 15, 1794, and married Mercy Bell, a 
daughter of Daniel Bell, one of the early settlers of Mill Creek Township. 
In the fall or winter of 1815, Mr. Burroughs located on Mill Creek, in what is 
now Dover Township, on 400 acres of land which he leased of Thomas C. 
Geary, of Virginia, 200 acres of which were situated on the south side of Mill 
Creek, and 200 acres on the north side. Here Mr. Burroughs struck the first 
blow in opening out the mighty forests oE Dover Township, and here he made 
his first financial start in life, beginning with no capital, not even an outfit for 
housekeeping. He erected his little log cabin, daubed with mud, and in mid- 
winter moved into it with his young wife and companion. In one corner of 
the cabin was erected a frame for a bedstead, consisting of two poles extend- 
ing from holes bored in the logs of his cabin, and supported by a single cor- 
ner post, with poles laid across for slats, upon which was laid a straw bed, and 
for cover they had a feather bed containing about five or six pounds of feath- 
ers and one blanket ; this was all the bedding they possessed. Their table 
consisted of a large slab into which were put legs. His wife had a broken 
skillet, the only cooking utensil she possessed. She had one broken plate, 
one knife with a part of the handle broken off, and one fork with one tine 
broken off ; these composed their entire outfit of dishes, and served for her use 
at their meals. Mr. Burroughs made a wooden fork for his own use, and for 
a knife to eat with he used his pocket knife, partaking of his food from a 
wooden plate of his own manufacture. These constituted their entire outfit of 
table ware. Spring and the sugar-making season were near at hand. The 
forests were abundantly supplied with sugar trees, and their first effort must 
be to manufacture all the sugar possible. But here again was another diffi- 
culty : they had no utensils for making sugar. Mr. Burroughs from some 
source obtained, by renting, three large kettles, and with his own hands made 
a large quantity of wooden sugar troughs, and tapped about 200 sugar trees. 
Now, the work and labor commenced; day and night, '• week in and week 
out," they toiled, gathering the sugar water, boiling it down and making 
sugar, till the season for such work was past. Now, they must market their 
sugar, and purchase some necessary articles for the house. The nearest store 
was that of James Ewing, near Plain City, about ten miles distant. He had 
no horse, there were no roads, but mere bridle-paths run by blazed trees. 
He took upon his back all the sugar he could cany, and traveled the entire dis- 
tance to the store on foot. In exchange for his sugar, he purchased one-half 
dozen plates, one-half dozen knives and forks, one-half dozen cups and saucers, 
one tin teapot, and one-quarter of a pound of tea, and with these on his back, he 



356 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

trudged his way back to his home. His wife unpacked and washed the dishes, 
while Mr. Burroughs with his ax split out a large slab, and dressed it up as 
smooth as possible, and upon pins driven into a log in the cabin he placed his 
slab, to serve as a shelf, upon which was placed this new supply of table-ware. 
With hearts full of gratitude, and eyes beaming with delight and satisfaction, 
on the opposite side of the room of that humble cabin, stood the young pio- 
neer with his trusting and afiectionate wife, gazing upon that small, but to 
them beautiful and bountiful outfit, the result of their first united labors 
toward obtaining a home and a livelihood. Who can fully realize the rapture 
that now filled their souls as they there stood and viewed their entire worldly 
goods, and knew that their own labor had produced them, under the most ad- 
verse circumstances ! And who would be surprised that Mr. Burroughs says, 
"I tapped my wife on the shoulder, and said to her, hve'll make it yet ." " 
Mr. BvuToughs said he felt 2?rouder at that ntoment, over that success, than in 
after years he would have done, had he been presented with $10,000 in cash. 
Mr. Burroughs remained itpon this land he had leased about three years, dm*- 
ing which time he had cleared forty acres. At the expiration of seven years, 
he owned two horses, a good wagon, a yoke of oxen, five milch cows, nine 
head of two-year-old steers, and forty head of hogs. Ti'uly, his assertion to 
his wife, " we'll make it yet, " was verified; he was now on the sure road to wealth 
and a fortune. He now purchased I87i acres of land on Blues or Little Mill 
Creek— land which is now owned by John Robinson — on Survey^No. 5,499, and 
here commenced to open out a home and a farm for himself ; and here he re- 
sided for thirty years. In the fall of 1853, he sold his place and removed to 
Illinois, where he resided till 1875. The success that crowned his fii'st efi'orts 
in his start in life was continued in an increased ratio, commensurate with the 
increase of his property and advantages to accumulate ; and now at this peri- 
od of his life, after threescore years of diligent toil and labor, he finds him- 
self in possession of an ample competency ; in amount many thousands of 
dollars. At the last-mentioned date — 1875 — he removed to La Fayette, Ind. , 
and in July, 1882, he again returned to Union County, Ohio, and now resides 
with his son in the village of Dover, in the eighty-ninth year of his age. Mr. 
Burrou.ghs has been four times married, and his last and fourth wife he buried 
several years since, while a resident of Illinois. His life, while successful 
financially, has also been characterized by liberality and probity — giving freely 
of his own means and influence to all worthy objects, improvements and progress 
of the communities where he has resided. 

William Badley, it is said, was the second one to locate in the precinct of 
Dover Township. He settled on Mill Creek just below Mr. Burroughs, in 
1818. He was a native of Maryland, where he married Sarah Hurst, by whom 
he had the following childi-en: James, Arthur. Tabitha, Mahala, Anna, one 
daughter who married a Mr. Cook, Mercy, William. Nelson, Sallie and Zach- 
ariah, most of whom died early in life with consumption. Mr. Badley was 
honest, upright and a worthy pioneer. The year 1818, in which Mr. Badley 
settled, was the date of several new settlers coming to Dover Township; in 
just what order they came is not so certain, but as they all arrived the same 
season, there could be but a few months' diiference between them. We will 
therefore assume the following order of settlement: John Hannaman, the 
third settler, came from near Chillicothe, although probably a native of some 
Eastern State, and settled on Mill Creek, south of the Marysville & Delaware 
pike, where he purchased 200 acres, upon which he located in 1818; after sev- 
eral years' residence he removed to the West. His children were as follows: 
Mary, who died in the West; Susanna, married Stephen Dysert, and died in 
this county; Nancy, married Isaac Dodd and resided in this township till 



, DOVER TOWNSHIP. 357 

quite advanced in years, when both removed to the West and died: Eachel, 
married Joseph Williams, and settled in the West; John, man'ied Jane Maze, 
and died in this county; JRobert, man-ied a Miss Plummer, and settled in the 
West; Rebecca, Priscilla, Peter and Duncan, all moved to the West with their 
parents. 

Stephen Dysert, mentioned above as marrying Susanna Hannaman, came 
from Ross County, and settled on the most northerly fifty acres of Mr. Hanna 
man's land, described above, it is believed at the same date (1818), and re 
sided here till his death. He and his wife are buried upon the farm where 
they spent their life. Their childi'en were John, who now resides in Mercer 
County, Ohio; Mary, deceased; Julia Ann, now residing in Mechanicsbm-g; 
Rachel, resides in Illinois; Susanna, deceased; Nancy, deceased; Priscilla, re- 
moved to Kansas; Joseph, deceased, and Euphemia, who also resides in Mer- 
cer County, Ohio. 

Isaac Dodd, married Nancy Hannaman in Ross County, came to this coun- 
ty at same date (1818), and settled on the most southerly fifty acres of Mr. 
Hannaman's tract of land above described, and here resided until advanced 
in years, when he moved to the West and died. Of his children, Samuel 
married Mahala Clark, and died in the West; Elizabeth, married William 
Perry, and settled in the West; and Jamison, man-ied Mary Williams, and 
moved to Iowa. 

Lancelot Maze, who also became a settler here in 1818, located on Mill 
Creek on land now owned by Mrs. Freshwater, where he died in the fall of 
1823. He was a native of Ireland, from which he emigrated to America when 
sixteen years of age, and, with his wife Mary, to whom he was married in 
Pennsylvania, removed to Huron County, Ohio; thence to this county, as above 
stated. It is said by some of the early settlers that he was one of the first 
Justices of the Peace of Mill Creek Township. Children — John; one daugh- 
ter, married and resides in Huron County, Ohio; Robert, Sarah, Jane, Joseph, 
Jesse and Millie, all of whom moved away soon after their father's death. 

William Richey, Sr., was born in Cumberland County, Penn. His father 
was Adam Richey, a native of the North of Ireland, who emigrated to America 
in 1757. He married Nancy Boulton, of Ireland. They died in Pennsylva- 
nia. "William was twice married. His second wife was Mary Kane, a daugh- 
ter of James and Martha (Turner) Kane, he a native of Ireland, and she of 
England, l^hey were man-ied in Ireland, and emigrated to America in 1773, 
and settled and died in Westmoreland County, Penn. Mr. Richey came to 
Ohio and settled on the Darby Plains, in Madison County, in 1813. In Feb- 
ruary, 1819, he removed with his family to this county, and settled on Mill 
Creek, on land now owned by his son Joseph K., on Survey No. 9,028, and here 
resided till his death, August 17, 1847. Of his childi-en, William was eight- 
een years of age when the family came to this county. He married and set- 
tled here, and became one of the leading, prominent and reliable citizens of 
the county. Politically, he was originally a Whig, and in the session of 1845 
-46, represented the county in the Legislature. He also served as a Justice 
of the Peace, it is said, twenty-one years. Mr. Richey resided here more than 
fifty years, and during that time cleared up and improved a fine farm. About 
1873, he removed to Franklin County, Kan., where he died March 16, 1882, 
aged eighty-eight years. His first wife, whom he married in Ohio, died after 
they settled in Kansas, and he again married, his second wife surviving him. 
He was a member of the Presbyterian Church for half a century. James, an- 
other son of William Richey, Sr., also served as a Justice of the Peace several 
years, and filled other prominent ofiices of his township and of the county. In 
1834, he removed to Delaware County. Three children of the family still 
survive — James, Joseph K. and Catharine. 



358 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTS. 

John Dinwiddle, a native oO Virginia, married Sarah Crane, of Green- 
brier County, Va., — now West Virginia — and removed lirst to Ross County, 
Ohio; thence, in 1823, came to Union County and settled on Mill Creek, where 
he pmchased land which is now owaed by A. G. Boring, and resided until his 
death: his remains were interred upon his own farm. His wife survived him 
and died in Iowa. Their children were as follows: Robert, Elizabeth, Si- 
lence, John, Margaret, Mary, William, Andrew, Rebecca, and Priscilla, all of 
whom moved away and settled in various States of the Union. 

Daniel Williams was a son of John Williams, and was born in the State 
of Maryland. With his father's family he emigrated to Ohio, in 1808, and 
settled near Chillicothe, Ross County, where his father died. Daniel there 
grew to manhood and married Christiana Badley, and in January, 1824, he 
removed to Union County, and settled on the north bank of Mill Creek, in Paris 
Township, and in February, 1828, settled on land now owned by Michael 
Cody, residing there four years. He sold the place, to his brother John, and 
removed to Marysvi He, where, on March 25, 1860, his wife died, and in the 
fall of the same year he returned to Dover Township and resided with his son 
Matthew until his death, March 28, 1866, aged seventy-six years. His chil- 
dren were as follows: Matthew M., who married Sarah Winfield and now re- 
sides in Dover; Hester Ann R., married J. W. Landsdown, and died in Marys- 
ville; and Elias M., who died unmarried. 

John Williams, a brother of Daniel Williams, man-ied Anna McGuire, of 
Ross County, Ohio, and settled on the above mentioned place, which he pur- 
chased of his brother Daniel in 1832-33. There he resided till 1857, 
when he removed to Oskaloosa, Iowa, where he died; his wife survived him 
and was still living when last heard from. They had the following children: 
John M.-, who married Elizabeth Lawraway and died in Iowa; Mary J., mar- 
ried I. J. Dodd and also died in Iowa; Ellen, married Phineas Phillips and 
resides in Iowa; Elizabeth, married Samuel Ross and died in Iowa, and Thomas 
J. , who died in Iowa unmarried. 

Jonathan Bowen was a native of Virginia. He emigrated with his family 
to Ross County, Ohio, and about 1825 removed to Union County and here set- 
tled on the tract of land now owned by Mrs. Jane Bowen; he was twice mar- 
ried, and on the farm just mentioned he and his last wife both died; his wife, 
Elsie, died July 6, 1840, aged sixty -sis years; he died February 18, 1852, aged 
ninety-one years. Their children were as follows: Priscilla, married Henry 
Lease and settled in the West; Jesse, married a Miss Spurgeon and resides in 
the north part of this county; Jonathan, married Mahala Clark, is deceased, 
she still siu'vives; Edward, married Julia A. Dysert, is deceased; Abraham, 
maiTied Miss Sarah Bradley and removed to Kansas; and William, who mar- 
ried Jane Blue, is deceased. 

James B. Clark, a native of Virginia, married Elizabeth Carney, and re- 
moved to Ross County, Ohio; thence about 1825 settled on Dim's Run, Dover 
Township, this county, on land now owned by Samuel Gamble, where he died 
February 19, 1829, aged forty-live years. Their children were Mahala, Di- 
ana, Theresa, Austin, Eleanor and Maria. Mr. Clark was one of the early 
teachers of this vicinity, a well-educated man and a good citizen, but was soon 
removed by death, having been a resident here only four or five years. 

David W. Worley, it is believed, was a native of Virginia; he married 
Nancy Bo^v^en and became an early settler of Ross County, Ohio, removing 
about 1824 to Union County, and locating on Dun's Run, on land now owned 
by William Howey, where he resided till his death. His wife died March 25, 
1855; he survived her until December 31, 1871, when he died, aged seventy-six 
years. It does not appear that Mr. AVorley ever purchased land, but probably 



DOVER TOWNSHIP. 361 

remained a renter through his life, and was a resident of this township about 
forty seven years. 

In 1824-25, Coats Thornton settled on Sm*vey No. 5,135, and about the 
same time George H. Houser settled on Survey No. 9,028. In 1825, William 
Wilmuth settled on Survey No. 3,348, and perhaps a little earlier Richard Co- 
lumber settled on land now owned by William Howey, where he resided 
till his death. John Columber, near the same time, settled in the same neigh- 
borhood, but never married, and died where he first located, June 7, 1857, 
aged sixty years. 

Amos Spurgeon, a native of Virginia, settled on Blue's Creek, on Survey 
No. 5,499, on land now owned by Samuel Bowdre, about 1827. He married 
and settled first in Delaware County, where he resided several years, thence 
located in this county as above described, and while here his wife, Nancy Wil- 
son, died. About 1865, he removed to Illinois, where he resided with his 
■daughter until his death. His children were: Jesse (deceased), Anna (de- 
ceased), James, who was killed in the army in the war of the rebellion; Sarah 
and Susan, both deceased; George, now resides in Indiana; Nathan, resides in 
Putnam County, Ohio; and Elias, who died in the army. Mr. Spm'geon was 
a cooper and shoe-maker by trade. He was also a great hunter and trapper, 
a good neighbor and worthy citizen, and a Deacon in the New Light 
Church. 

Rev. John Carney was a native of Virginia, but emigrated to Ohio and set- 
tled in what is now Dover Township, about 1828, residing here till his death. 
He was quite a noted and earnest Baptist and one of the early preachers 
throughout this vicinity. Although not an educated man, and never in charge 
of any church, yet he was a good and devoted man, and an earnest and effi- 
cient worker in this community in the interests of the church. 

John Price settled on land now owned by D. VV. Rittenhouse, about 1828, 
but remained here only a short time and moved away. James Thornton be- 
came a settler here about the same year. 

Abner Liggett moved into this county from Delaware County, about 1829- 
30, and settled on the south bank of Blue's Creek, on the east of Mr. Myers. 
He married Catharine Eubanks, and resided here till the spring of 1882, when 
he removed to Green Bend and there resides with one of his daughters. Of 
his childi'en, Susan married W^illiam Perkins, Absalom resides in Delaware 
County, Elizabeth married James Perkins, is deceased, and Jane married N. D. 
DeGood. Mr. Liggett was a very successful farmer and stock-dealer, and accu- 
mulated considerable wealth. 

Lewis Filler, a native of Virginia, settled northeast of Dover, on land now 
owned by J. Norris, about 1834; is still living and resides about two miles east 
of Dover and is one of the surviving pioneers. 

Rev. Ebenezer Mathers, one of the early pioneers of Union Township, be- 
came a resident of this township about 1834, settled on land now owned by B 
Hanawalt, and died where Jefferson L. Richey now resides. He was a 
preacher and an earnest worker in the Methodist Church for many years. The 
first class of the Mount Herman Church was organized at his house about 
1838. He became one of its first members, and remained a faithful member 
and worker as well as an earnest and eloquent preacher until his death, Decem- 
ber 20, 1852, aged sixty-three years. 

Joseph Russell and Elijah Brown settled here about 1831-32 ; Levi and 
Daniel Longbrake in 1832-33. About 1833 came Mathew Columber and 
Alexander Ross, the latter settled on Survey No. 5,499, the former died October 
29, 1853, aged sixty-seven years. Between 1833 and 1835 were settled here 
James Mathers, Alexander R, Bowen, Ebenezer Bethard, Samuel H. Dodd, 

20 



862 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Joseph North and James Buxton, the latter residing on the west bank of Mill 
Cr'^ek, and upon his land is the cemetery known as the Buxton Cemetery. 

Michael Myers came here from Licking County, Ohio, about 1834, and 
settled on Blues or Little Mill Creek, on Survey No. 5,498, where he purchased 
a track of land and resided until his death. He was bui'ied on his own farm, 
near his orchard. He was twice married ; his last wife was Catharine John- 
son. His children were: Adam, deceased; Michael; Lewis, deceased; Mary and 
William. Mr. Myers was generally known as "Judge Myers," whether from 
holding office or not we are not informed; but he was a man of marked ability 
and sound judgment, and a very worthy citizen. 

Adam Myers, a brother of Michael, settled here at the same date. He 
married Miss Nancy Bazzel and resided here through life. He had one child, 
Lewis, married Rebecca Estep, and died aged twenty-five years; had one child 
Jane, who married Oscar Gregg. 

John Meyers, also brother of Michael and Adam Myers, married and 
settled here about the same date. His children were: Mary, who married Jesse 
Cclver; William, who served in the army in the war of the rebellion, was taken 
prisoner and died in a rebel prison; Joseph, also served in the army ; he mar- 
ried and is now residing in Hardin County, Ohio ; Anna married R. Slack; 
James resides on the home farm; Samuel, Jehu and Adam. Mr. John Myers 
died the same day, and within a few hours of his brother Adam, and both were 
interred at the same time in Mount Herman Cemetery. 

Samuel Bowdre, born in Madison County, Ohio, is a son of one of the 
early pioneers of that county; he settled here about 1835, and married Nancy 
J. Green; has made a continued residence here for forty-seven years, and has 
a fine farm and home made by his own industry and labors. He had the fol- 
lowing children: Benjamin F. ; George W., now married and settled in Illinois; 
Mary Jane, who marriad Ira Bruwn, and resides in Paulding County, Ohio; 
Martha Ann, died in childhood; Lucinda; Emily; Almira, who married George 
Sullivan and resides in Urbana, Ohio; S. Preston; William; Alice; Sarah Bell, 
who married Chauncy Pyres and resides in Delaware County, Ohio. Romanto 
Allen, Jesse Carpenter, James Reed, Eli Sheldon, all settled here about 1834-36. 

Samuel Beck, a native of Virginia, settled on the north bank of Blues 
Creek, about 1836, and resided here till his death January 9, 1859, aged 
eighty-one years; his wife Lydia died November 11, 1857, aged eighty-six 
years. Their children were James, Isaiah, Aaron, Vivian and Mary. 

Roden Huffman, a native of Virginia, married Mary Beck and settled here 
at the same time with his father-in-law, Samuel Beck, and died here January 
8, 1852, aged fifty-eight yeai's. The following persons all settled here from 
1835 to 1839, the time of the erection of Dover Township, viz. : James Ryan, 
Abel Tanner, ITanley Turnei', John Cratty, Schuyler Perkins, S. Butz and 
William Green; the latter was a native of Virginia, and fii'st settled in Wayne 
County, Ohio, thence came to this county, settling in the northern part of 
Dover Township. He married Martha Bilderback and resided here till his 
death. Their children were Riley, Ruhma, Deborah, Sarah, all deceased; 
Charles, Drusilla, William, the latter died in Illinois- and Martha, who re- 
sides in Licking County. The above embraces most of the early settlers of 
Dover Township. There are possible omissions, but they are few, and we feel 
assured that tbere cannot be many others who should appear in the foregoing 
list, as we have given more than fifty heads of families who with their childi'en 
already arrived at maturity when they settled here will swell the list to proba- 
bly nearly two hundred persons. 

MILLS. 

It appears that there have been but few permanent mills in Dover Town- 
ship. There have doubtless been a number of portable saw mills located at 



DOVER TOWNSHIP. ^ 363 

various points for limited periods of time; but it is evident that much of the 
lumber used within the township has been sawed by mills elsewhere; also, a 
great portion of .the grain for homo consumption has been ground at grist mills 
in other territories. About 1850, Adam Richey and Beal Selman erected a 
steam saw mill about three-fourths of a mile west of Dover Village, on the 
Marysville pike, at the crossing of Mill Creek. They were subsequently suc- 
ceeded by J. H. Felkner, and after a few years he sold the property to J. D. 
Burkabill, in whose ownership it still remains. It is a No. 1 mill and has 
done an extensive business. 

About 1871, L. B. Dennis erected a saw-mill and spoke factory in the 
village of Dover. He carried on an extensive and prosperous business, em- 
ploying twelve to fifteen men, until about 1874-75 he sold the property to D. 
F. Dyal, who continued the business about two or three years, but in 1877-78 
removed the machinery to the State of Arkansas. These have constituted the 
principal mills in Dover Township. 

SCHOOLS. 

The first school in this township was doubtless on Mill Creek, in the 
neighborhood of the families of Badley, Burroughs, Dysert, Hannaman, etc. 
And from neighborhood to neighborhood, as the different settlements were es- 
tablished, the primitive log schoolhouse sprang into existence, and these were 
supplanted by others with a little more room and comfort, until now the town- 
ship embraces seven subdistricts, with a like number of good frame school- 
houses, with the modern improvements and comforts, giving the children the 
full advantages of the schools of the present age, so in contrast to the rouo-h 
and imperfect institutions of pioneer days. The following is the enumeration 
of the seven subdistricts from the last report to the Auditor of the county. 

Svibdistrict No. 1, males, 16; females, 17; total, 33. Subdistrict No. 
2, males, 28; (emales, 23; total, 51. Subdistrict No. 3, males, 53; females, 
42; total, 95. Subdistrict No. 4. males, 19, females, 14; total, 33. Sub- 
district No. 5, males, 41; females, 26; total, 67. Subdistrict No. 6, males, 
21; females, 20; total, 41. Subdistrict No. 7, males, 7; females, 10; total, 
17. Total males, 185; females, 152; grand total, 337. 

Eeport of the finances by Board of Education: 

Balance on hand September 1, 1881 |751 99 

State tax 496 50 

Irreducible school funds 33 50 

Township tax for schools and schoolhouse purposes 2,579 75 

Amount received from sale of bonds 330 00 

Fines, licenses, tuition of non-resident pupils, etc 104 91 

Total |4, 295 66 

EXPENDITURES. 

Amount paid teachers in common schools $1,736 47 

Amount paid on interest or redemption of bonds, 1,947 20 

Amount paid for fuel and other contingent expenses 487 12 

Total $4,170 79 

Balance on hand September 1, 1882 $126 86 

Number of scboolhouses in the township, 7 

Number of school-rooms 8 

Number of teachers necessary to supply schools 8 

Average wages paid males $40 

Average wages paid females $28 

Average number of weeks schools were in session 28 

Total value of school property $4,500 

CHURCHES. 

As this township was not as early settled as some of the other townships 
of the county, so also we must expect- that they would be proportionately later 



364 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

in establishing clinrcbes, and as the first settlement in this township was in 
the southwest part near the early settlement at Watkins where there was a 
church early organized, which we presume served the spiritual wants of this 
first settlement of Dover Township, hence we do not find a*Liy ecclesiastical 
organization until the central part of the township was settled, when it became 
necessary for their moral and spiritual growth to oi'ganize into a religious 
body to be designated as a church. 

Moiint Herman Methodist Episcopal Church. — About 1838. Rev. Owens 
organized a class at the house of Eev. Ebenezer Mathers, consisting of the 
following thirteen members: Rev. Ebenezer Mathers, Elizabeth Mathers, 
Anna Allen, D. D. Mathers, Rev. James Ryan, Elizabeth Ryan, John Ryan, 
Nancy Ryan, Jesse Carpenter, Alcy Carpenter, Lewis Filler, Mary D. Filler 
and Anna Williams, with Lewis Filler as class leader. They held their serv- 
ices for a short time in private houses, until a schoolhouse was erected, after 
which their meetings were in that building until the fall or 1840, when they 
erected a frame building for church purposes, on land now owned by J. Ed- 
wards, on the east side of the road opposite the Mount Herman Cemetery, 
where the building still stands, now used as a barn. This house served the 
people until the fall of 1867, when, from the scattered condition of its mem- 
bers, some of whom were living quite a distance north upon Grass Run, and 
many others were living in and near the village of Dover, and the church 
being old and dilapitated, it was decided to divide this society and organize 
two others, one on Grass Run and one at Dover, which would be more con- 
venient for most of the present members, and would give them a more extend- 
ed and better field for usefulness, which was accordingly done, and the old 
house was sold and the proceeds given to the \ise of the two proposed societies. 
This society at Mount Herman Church was very active and prosperous; it in- 
creased in strength quite rapidly and numbered over one hundred members, 
constituted three classes and remained a prosperous and energetic society, full 
of spiritual zeal, until the time of its division. The ministers who served this 
church since its organization were Rev. Owens, Rev. Brown, Rev. James Gil- 
routh. Rev. John C. Havens, Rev. Parsons, Rev. Carter, Rev. Ebenezer Chase, 
Rev. Parker, Rev. Kimball, Revs. John W. Young, Thomas Herd, Webster, S. 
D. Fant, Long, Low, Slocum, Longman, Stephen M. Merrill, N. B. C. Love, 
H. H. Pharies, West, Loyd, Wharton, Martindale, Taft, Adams, Horatio Brad- 
ley, Isaiah Henderson and Daniel G. Strong. The class leaders were, Lewis 
Filler, J. H. Gx-ifiith, Henry Vangordon, Jesse Ryan, J. H. Ryan, Thomas 
Henderson and James Y. Sevirn. A Sabbath school was organized immediate- 
ly after the schoolhouse was built, with D. D. Mathers as Superintendent, and 
Romanto Allen as Assistant Superintendent, who subsequently succeeded Mr. 
Mathers as Shperintendent. The school was continued through the entire ex- 
istence of the church to the time of its division, and was a large and flourish 
ing school and faithful adjunct to the church. 

Dover Methodist Episcopal Church. — In the summer of 1867, the present 
frame church edifice at Dover was erected, at a cost of about $1,2(K), and in 
accordance with the decision made prior to disorganization of the Mount Her- 
man Church mentioned above, a class was organized here by Rev. Isaiah Hen- 
derson, consisting of the following persons : Samuel Hawn, Julia Hawn, Ma- 
ry Hawn, Lewis Filler, Blanche Filler, Davidson Filler, H. G. Rittenhouse, 
Margaret Rittenhouse, Priscilla Beck, Thomas M. Beck, Emily Sullivcin, 
George Bowdre, Mary Loveless, Jonathan Bowen, William Howey, Eliza 
Howey, Sarah J. Howey, Milo L. Howey, Martin Pyres. Rebecca Pyres, Olive 
Guy, Martha A. Fish, Clara Fish, George IMitchell, Ann Mitchell, Samuel 
Gamble, Mary Gamble, Robert Gamble, Leah A. Columber, M. L. Gamble, 



DOVER TOWNSHIP. 365 

John K. Brown, Angeline Brown, Sarah Brown, Delia Brown, Mary Brown, 
William Shnler, Sarah Shuler, W. A. Shuler, Alice Shuler, J. Y. Sevirn, L. K. 
Sevirn, Mary C. Sevirn, J. H. Griffith, Flavilla Griffith, Sarah Griffith, Eliza- 
beth Griffith, H. Devall, Ann Devall, Julia A. Bowen, Hiram Bowen, Euphe- 
mia Bowen and Emma Bowen, with Samuel Hawn and J. Y. Sevirn as class 
leaders. The church was dedicated February 9, 1868, by a sermon by Rev. 
Wesley G. Waters, and a series of meetings were held following the dedica- 
tion, continuing about three weeks, resulting in great interest and many addi- 
tions to the church, constituting two large classes, as above mentioned. The 
chui-ch has continued to be blessed and greatly prospered, and notwithstanding 
many losses by death and by moving away, yet, at the present time, it has a 
membership of about one hundred. The ministers who have served this 
church since its organization have been as follows : Revs. Isaiah Hen- 
derson, D. G. Strong, C. Weaner, J. AVhisler, J. Parlette, J. Kalb, C. Wolf, 
H. Boyer, J. Ormerod, William Dunlaj^, W. W. Davies, J. W. Donnan, Will- 
iam Lucas, C. Crawford, J. M. Kelly and T. J. Jagger, the present minister 
in charge. Class leaders, Samuel Hawn, J. Y. Sevirn, Lewis Filler, J. H. 
Griffith, S. E. Mclntire, B. Hanawalt and J. L. Richey. The present leaders 
are J. H. Griffith, J. Y. Sevirn, J. L. Richey and W. M. Brown. Trustees, 
J. B. Noiris, S. E. Mclntire, B. Hanawalt, L. B. White and J. H. Griffith. 
Present Stewards, J. B. Norris, L. B. White and B. Hanawalt, the latter be- 
ing Recording Steward. A union Sabbath school was organized in Dover 
prior to the war of the rebellion, and was kept in flourishing condition, while 
so many men were away in the army, by the energy and earnestness of the la- 
dies of the place and vicinity, and continued prosperous till about 1878, when 
it ceased as a union school, and a Methodist Sabbath school was organized, 
which has been continued under the auspices of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church to the present time, and is a large and interesting school, em-olling 
last year 221 scholars, with an average attendance of about eighty-five, with 
J. L. Richey as the Superintendent. 

Corinth Presbyterian Church was organized at the New Light Church, 
June 7, 1842, consisting of the following constitiient members : John Hest- 
wood, Samuel Hestwood, Alice Hestwood, Elizabeth Westlake, Rosanna Hest- 
wood, James Kincade, Maria Kincade, Alexander McAllister, Martha McAllis- 
ter, Jane Cluggage, Matilda Cluggage, Edith Welch and William Leeper, who 
presented certificates from the church at Marysville, Hannah Scott from the 
church at Muskingum, Ohio, and Mary Vance from Laws Creek Church, Penn 
sylvania. It was resolved, that this church be known by the name of Corinth 
Church. An election for Elders was held which resulted in James Kincade 
and John Hestwood being selected for that office, who were duly installed by 
the session of the church. They held services at the New Light Church till 
the erection of a frame church edifice, which they built in the years 1847-48, 
the building being 86x28 feet, and erected on land owned by Ryan Gray and 
D. D. Welch, near the west line of Dover Township, close to the line of Lees- 
burg Township. The building was completed so as to be occupied for services 
in the spring of 1848, but not fully finished and seated until 1850-51. The 
church was duly dedicated at the time of commencing to hold services in it. 
This organization as a church continued about twenty years, when, from 
deaths and great numbers moving away to the West, and other obstacles that 
sprang up, the church became feeble and weak and few in numbers, and the 
organization was abandoned, the few remaining members uniting their inter- 
ests with other churches. During the existence of this church, its pulpit was 
supplied with the following ministers : Rev. James Smith, Rev. James W. 
Sterritt, Rev. Horn and Rev. Mr. Hess. 



366 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Spring Dale Regular Baptist Church was organized by a council Novem- 
ber 6, 1868, composed of representatives from the following churches,' viz. : 
Mill Creek, Milford, Myrtletree and Arbonner. Rev. T. Price was chosen 
Moderator, and C. C. Winters, Secretary. The articles of faith and church 
covenant were read and unanimously approved. The council then proceeded 
with the services of I'ecognititm as follov/s : Reading of Scripture, by Rev. T. 
Price ; prayer, by Rev. R. J. George ; sermon, by Rev. T. J. Price ; prayer, by 
Rev. George ; hand of fellowship, by Rev. T. J. Price, and the charge, by 
Rev. Price. The constituent members were as follows : William Perkins, 
Susan Perkins, James Rittenhouse, Margaret Rittenhouse, Henry Hildebrand, 
William Said, E. J. Said, Samuel Said, Susan Said, Mary Fogle, Rachel Fo- 
gle, Ellen Fogle, Thomas Rittenhouse, Mary A. Rittenhouse, Margerie Ritten- 
house, Maria Rittenhouse, Malinda Rittenhouse, Isabel Rittenhouse, Lemuel 
James, Sarah A. James, Martha A. Fogle, William J. Low, Mary M. Low, 
Edith Ryan, Sarah Phillips. Mary Philips, Ellen Fogle, William Slabaugh, 
Mary J. Slabaugh, O. W. White, 'Isabel White, Samuel White, Martin White, 
Anna White, Nancy Rittenhouse, Samuel H. Rittenhouse, William A. Winston, 
M. F.Winston, Jane M. Rittenhouse, Benjamin Stephens, Margaret Stephens, 
M. J. Manuel, Duston DeGood, Jane DeGood, S. P. Brown, Sarah Brown, Peny 
Brown, Morgan Perkins, William N. Abraham, Hannah McBride, A. G. Rob- 
inson, Robert Crouch, Jane Crouch, John M. Perkins, Rachel J. Perkins, D. T. 
Perkins, Lydia Perkins, Schuyler Perkins, Rebecca H. Perkins, Adonirom J. 
Perkins, James H. Perkins, Elizabeth Perkins. Catharine Liggett, Isabel Mc- 
Mellon and William Hamilton, with James H. Perkins as the first permanent 
Clerk ; Samuel Said, Treasurer ; Schuyler Perkins, Owen W. White and Will- 
iam Said, Trustees, and Thomas Rittenhouse and AVilliam H. Perkins as Dea- 
cons. The ministers of the church have been Revs. B. J. George, D. 
Bryant, William S. Kent, D. Vance. M. Squibb, Z. Ross, N. B. H. Gardner, 
James Harvey, and N. Y. Matthews, the present pastor in charge. The present 
membership is about eighty. The present church building was erected in the 
summer of 186(3. 

Dover Regular Baptist C/iurc/i was organized on Satui'day before the fourth 
Sabbath of April, 1871, by Rev. Daniel Bryant, consisting of the following 
constituent members: Morgan Savage, Peter Whetsel and wife, William 
Roberts, J. C. McCi-ary, Sophronia Richey. Cyrus Philips, A. G. Boring, C. 
C. Boring and wife, Margaret Savage, Ann Roberts, Samantha McCrary, Mary 
Robinson, Susan Phillips and Margaret Boring. Articles of faith and cove- 
nant were prepared, and on July 22, 1871, were duly recognized by a council 
of churches, convened for the purpose, as a Regular Baptist Church, and on 
July 23, Rev. D. Byrantpreached the council sermon. Rev. J. Wright gave the 
charge to the church, and Rev. D. Byrant extended the right hand of fellow- 
ship. August 26, 1871, at a meeting of the Uj^per Miami Association of Reg- 
ular Baptists, convened with the Union Church iu Logan County, on petition 
of said Dover Church, it was unanimously received into said association. 
Prior to the above organization, there had been a branch of the Mill Creek 
Baptist Church at Ostrander, Delaware County, established here at Dover with 
a good frame church edihce, so that on the organization of this society, they 
came in possession of the church building. The ministers of this church have 
been Revs. B. J. George, Daniel Byrant, E. B. Smitli, Daniel Vance, M. 
Squibb, Z. Ross, J. E. Wenman and N. Y. Matthews. At the present time 
they have no minister in charge. The present membership is about twenty- 
livo, with William Roberts as Deacon. 

CEMETERIES. 

A large number of the early settlers of this township selected places of 



DOVER TOWNSHIP. 367 

interment upon their own farms, several of whom were mentioned in the sketches 
of the pioneers; for at that time the country was new and wet, and even where 
there was a cemetery opened out it had no beauty or special attraction ; 
hence their own homes to some had superior inducements as last resting-places 
for their bodies. In the first settlement which was made here, on the west 
bank of Mill Creek, was early established what is now known as the Buxton 
Cemetery. This place is on the high rolling ground on the west bank of Mill 
Creek, and was first dedicated to the reception of the dead by receiving the 
body of Arthur Badley, who died December 14, 1819. He was a young man 
twenty-eight years of age. Other early settlers interred here were William 
Badley, John Hannaman, Hezekiah Burdick, John Burdick, James B. Clark, 
Jonathan Bowen, Adam Richey, with some of their wives. Some early in- 
terred here have no monuments or tombstones to tell to the present or future 
generations whose remains are quietly resting beneath the sod, and even those 
who had treasured in their memories the names of those buried in these sacred 
places, have nearly all passed into the sepulcher of the dead, and with them 
are forever lost the names and memories of those within the unmarked graves. 
Mount Herman Cemetery, situated about one mile north of the village of 
Dover, was also quite early set apart as a place of interment; it is pleasantly 
located, a suitable piece of ground for the purpose intended, and many bodies 
are already deposited there. This, together with the Buxton Cemetery, are 
now under the care and supervision of the Township Trustees. The first body 
interred here was a child of Perry Eubanks; and here rests the remains of 
Mathew and John Columber, Lewis Bonnett, Eli Sheldon, Samuel Beck, 
Roden Huflfman, David W. Worley, Thomas J. *Dyal, Holly Tannei", Rev. Eben- 
ezer Mathers and others of the well-known early settlers. These are the 
principal and only permanently established cemeteries of this township. 

TOWNS AND VILLAGES. 

There is but one town or village in this township; its history is as fol- 
lows: " On May 11, 1854, William Richey, Adam Richey, Thomas Aplin and 
B. F. Benton appropriated land which was surveyed and laid out into lots, 
streets and alleys for a town, to be known by the name of Dover, situated in 
the township of Dover and county of Union and State of Ohio; William B. 
Irwin, Surveyor, Union County." Filed and recorded July 4, 1854. William 
M. Robinson, Recorder, Union County, Ohio. Berger's Addition: On Sep- 
tember 24, 1881, a certain tract of land was surveyed and laid out into lots, 
streets and alleys, as an addition to the town of Dover, to be known as Ber- 
ger's Addition, containing five acres and thirty-six poles; J. Van Pearse, 
Surveyor. And the same was duly certified to by the above parties and ac- 
knowledged before John Van Pearse, a Notary Public, and the same was re- 
corded October 6, 1881; G. R. Robinson, Recorder, Union County. The first 
house erected in the village was by Adam Richey, in the fall of 1854; and 
very soon after one was built by William Richey. These were frame houses, 
one of which is now owned and occupied by Mrs. Richey, the widow of the 
said Adam Richey, and the other by Solomon Wright. The third house of the 
town was erected by J. Y. Sevirn, who also built a harness and saddler shop and 
opened that business in the fall of 1854, it being the first industry represented 
in the place. The next branch of business was a store opened by Calvin 
Richey, in a building erected for that purpose, the said building being now 
owned by David Shuler and occupied M. Myers, as a dwelling. The first 
blacksmith and wagon-maker was Thomas Aplin; but the first regular and ex- 
clusive blacksmith was Solomon Butz. The post ofiice was established about 
1856-57, with J. Y. Sevirn as Postmaster; he was succeeded by D. Shuler, who 



368 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

is the present incumbent. The first physician was M. W. Peck, who was fol- 
lowed successively by the persons here named: James O. Carter, John T. 
McCrea and Frederick A. Vigor, the present resident physician. The railroad 
now known as the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis Railroad, 
was built throusfhthis township in 1852-53, and encouraged the laying-out of 
the town. This village now contains about 150 persons, with an enterprising class 
of citizens, and is an active, thriving town. Its present business is as fol- 
lows: Two general stores, one by W. A. Shulerandthe other by James Thomp- 
son; three blacksmiths, D. V. Shuler, W. C. Griffith and S. Berger; one har- 
ness shop, by T. E. Bowen; one carpenter and builder, Lewis B. White; a tile 
factory, erected about 1874 by Baughman & Shuler, who, about 1878, were 
succeeded by Baughman & Weaver, who continued the business till the fall of 
1882, when Mr. Baughman retired, and the business is now conducted by 
George E. Weaver. In 1878, Mr. W. A. Shuler erected a second tile factory, 
and has continued the business to the present time. Both of these establish- 
ments are enjoying an extensive custom. In 1870, D. & W. A. Shuler erected 
a factory for the manufacture of heading, clothes racks, chair rounds, etc., and 
continued doing an extensive and profitable business till in the fall of 1881 
D. Shuler withdrew from the firm; since then the factory has been operated 
by W. A. Shuler. In the fall of 1881, Williams & Mclntire built a saw-mill, 
and are doing a good business. On the railroad is one grain warehouse, in 
the ownership and management of James Thompson. George E. Thompson 
is the agent and telegraph operator at the station. The village, for business 
and enterprise is, perhaps, unsurpassed by any place of its size in' the county. 

KOADS AND PIKES. 

April 6, 1839, at a meeting held for the purpose, the Trustees divided the 
township in four road districts, and at the same meeting levied a tax of one- 
half mill on the dollar. From this beginning, as the township became settled, 
more road districts were established, and during the few years since the system 
of building gravel roads and pikes was commenced, this township has taken 
hold of the work with energy and enterprise, and now nearly all of the leading 
lines of road are made into gravel pikes, while others are in progress. Her 
roads will compare favorably with those of other portions of the county, 

TOWNSHIP OFFICIALS. 

The first election for State and county otficers was held October 8, 1839. 
The officers of election were: Ebenezer Mathers. James Spurgeon and Adam 
Richey, Judges; Holly Turner and Levi Longbrake, Clerks. The number of 
votes cast, 62. William C. Lawrence received 25; James H. Godman, 22; 
Guy C. Worth, 36: and Silas G. Strong, 37, for Representative to the State 
Legislature, there being two Representatives to elect in the district. Joshua 
Judy, 21; Andrew Amrine, 36, for County Commissioner. James L. Ward, 
25; David Sprague, 36, for Coroner. Stephen McLain, 23; John F. Broakins, 
37, for Auditor. Peyton Smith, 14; William Snodgrass, 45, for Recorder. 
Alexander Polock, 24; Tabor Randall, 38, for Treasurer. Thomas F. Wood, 
27; George Westlake, 35, for County Assessox's, and Levi Phelps, 26, for Sur- 
veyor. The first election for township ofiicers was held at the schoolhouse, 
near the center of the township, April 1, 1839. Ebenezer Mathers, Eli Shel- 
don and Adam Richey, were Ju(iges, and Thomas Sheldon and Alexander 
Bethard, Clerks. The results of this and all subsequent elections to the pres- 
ent time, have been as follows: 

Toivnship Clerks.-— 1829, Holly Turner; 1840, Thomas Sheldon; 1841, 
Alexander Bethard; 1842, James Teas; 1843-49, John M.Williams; 1850-51, 





e. 



oc^ 



DOVER TOWNSHIP. 371 

William Flanagan; 1852, Hamlet Duvall; 1853-56, James Y. Sevirn; 1858, 
James Henderson; 1859-62, Hamlet Duvall; 1863, R. M. Henderson; 1864, 
Hamlet Diivall; 1865, M. W. Peck; 1866-67, George A. Henderson; 1868, 
Cyras Phillips; 1869-70, Hamlet Duvall; 1871, C. C. Burkbill; 1872, F. 
Bowen; 1873, J. H. Richey; 1874-75, James Y. Sevirn; 187o, Marion Shuler; 
1877-78, William M. Brown; 1879, M. L. Howey; 1880, George E. Thomp- 
son; 1881-82, Stephen Graham. 

Trustees. — 1839, Adam Richey, Ebenezer Mather and James Spurgeon; 
1840, Adam Richey, Presley Said and Lewis Filler; 1841, William Mathers, 
Joseph Richey and Presley Said; 1842, Presley Said, William Mathers and A. 
R. Bowen; 1843, William Mathers, Jacob Myers and Thomas Henderson ; 1844, 
Thomas Henderson, Jacob Myers and Stephen Dysert; 1845, William Mathers, 
Adam Richey and Samuel Said; 1846, Lewis Filler, Adam Richey and Samuel 
Said; 1847-48, Henry Vangordon, Adam Richey and Samuel Said; 1849, 
Henry Vangordon, Adam Richey and Samuel Brown; 1850, H. Vangordon, 
Edward Bowen and Samuel Brown; 1851, S. R. Mathers, Edward Bowen and 
Samuel Brown; 1852-54, S. R. Mathers, Joseph K. Richey and Presley Said; 
1855, Lewis Myers, P. W. Lame and Alexander Bethard; 1856, H. Vangordon, 
P. W. Lame and Lewis Myers; 1857-58, H. C. Ferris, Thomas Henderson 
and Robert Gamble; 1859, Solomon Bates, Lewis Myers and Andrew Taylor; 
1860, Solomon Bates, Morgan Savage and Andrew Taylor; 1861, Solomon 
Bates, George Graham and Elias Spurgeon; 1862, S. McAllister, George 
Graham and Elias Spurgeon; 1863, George Mitchell, James Perkins atid C. 
Philips; 1864, A. Bethard, H. G. Burnham and Joseph Beard; 1865, George 
Graham, J. H. Perkins and Morgan Savage; 1866, H. Phillips, C. Nichols and 
George Mitchell; 1867, T. I. Henderson, William Howey and William L. 
Said; 1868, George Graham, William Roberts and William L. Said; 1869, 
D. F. Dya], A. G. Boring and D. T. Perkins; 1870, D. F. Dyal, George 
Graham and D. T. Perkins; 1871, D. W. Rittenhouse, A. Liggett and I. Lame; 
1872, D. F. Dyal, J. Banghman and W. H. Perkins; 1873, B. Hanawalt, J. 
Banghman and William Yazle; 1874, William Roberts, George Graham and 
William Perkins; 1875, William Roberts, Isaiah Lame and William Perkins; 
1876, William Roberts, Isaiah Lame and Michael Fogle; 1877, William Howey, 
George Graham and Michael Fogle; 1878, Samuel Gamble, William Howey, 
Michael Cody; 1879, R. Ballard, Israel Fogle and Michael Cody; 1880, A. G. 
Boring, Israel Fogle and James Guy; 1881, Adam Philips, J. K. Norris and 
James Guy; 1882, Adam Phillips, James Rittenhouse and Peter Mackan. 

Treas?(rers. —1839-51, James Rvan; 1852-54, Edward Bowen; 1855-56, 
William Bethard; 1857-59, Joseph ^H. Felkner; 1862-63, William Shuler; 
1864, William Columber; 1865 66, William Shuler; 1867, A. Richey; 1868, 
William Shuler; 1869-70, Solomon Butz; 1871-72, N. P. Thompson; 1873, 
Andrew Taylor; 1874, William Shuler; 1875, S.Wright; 1876, David Shuler; 
1877-78, William Roberts; 1879-80, B. Hanawalt; 1881, John B Weller; 
1882, V. Shuler. 

Overseers of the Poor. — 1839, John Myers and William Richey; 1840, 
William Richey and Alexander Ross; 1841, John K. Brown and Jonathan 
Burroughs; 1842, Ryan Gray and Jonathan Burroughs; 1843, Abner Liggett 
and Adam Richey; 1844, Joseph K. Richey; 1845, Joseph K. Richey and John 
Myers. 

Fence Viewers. — 1839, Joseph North and James Spurgeon; 1840, Abner 
Liggett and Joseph North; 1841, Jonathan Bowen, James Spurgeon and Beall 
Selman; 1842, Henry Vangordon, John M. Williams and Alexander Roff; 
1843, Lewis Johnson, William Mathers and William Bowen. 

Constables. — 1839, Alexander R. Bowen; 1840-41, Jacob Myers and Alex- 



372 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

ander R. Bowen; 1842, Jacob Myers and Edward Bowen; 1843. George Spur- 
geon and Robert Gibson; 1844, George Sprague and Abraham Bowen; 1845, 
Jacob Myers and Abraham Bowen: 1846, John Spurgeon and Isaac J. Dodd; 

1847, John H. Griffith and Elias Spurgeon; 1848, Samuel Bowdre and John 
H. Griffith; 1849, William Green and John H. Griffith; 1850, Jonathan Bjwen 
and John H. Griffith; 1851, William Fulk and Jonathan Bowen; 1852, Will- 
iam Fulk and Jesse Davis; 1853, John Loveless and Jonathan Bowen; 
1854, William Bowen and Lewis Mvers; 1855, William Columber and John 
H. Griffith; 1856, John W. Filler and John H. Griffith; 1857-58, Jonathan 
Bowen and John H. Griffith; 1859, Jonathan Bowen and George Evans; 1860, 
Jesse Sherman and George Evans; 1861, Jonathan Bowen and George Evans; 
1862, John Loveless and George Evans; 1863, Jesse Davis and George Evans; 
1864, J. H. Griffith and Jeremiah Johnson; 1865, Thomas Smith and Jere- 
miah Johnson; 1866-67, Robert Gamble and George Evans; 1868, G. C. 
Dugan and Adam Phillips; 1869, D. V. Shuler and G. C. Dugan; 1870-75, 
Jeremiah Johnson and George W. Prichard; 1876, Daniel Shuler and James 
Guy; 1877, R. Cody and John Gamble; 1878, John Gamble and T. J. Ormerod; 
1879, Jerry Johnson and John Gamble; 1880-81, Jerry Johnson and Robert 
Gamble, Jr. ; 1882, Jerry Johnson and Jacob Eddleblute. 

Assessors. — 1842, Martin Hawk; 1843, Abraham Bowen; 1844, Martin 
Hawk; 1845, Ebenezer Mathers; 1846, Thomas Henderson; 1847-48, J. B. 
Richey; 1849, J. H. Ryan; 1850-52, Edward Y. Richey; 1853-54, William 
M. Flanagan; 1855, J. H. Ryan; 1856, Alexander Bethard; 1857, Samuel 
Said; 1858-59, Frederick J. Smith; 1860-62, Samuel Said; 1863, Adam Richey; 
1864, William S. Balston; 1865, R. M. Henderson; 1866, Samuel Said; 1867, 
Hemy C. Ferris; 1868-72, Robert Gamble; 1873, H. C. Ferris; 1874, Robert 
Gamble; 1875-76, L. B. Thompson; 1877-78, John Gibson; 1879, Arthur 
Liggett; 1880, Edward Robinson; 1881, Arthur Liggett; 1882, H. Cody. 

Justices of the Peace. — 1840, William Richey, Jr., and Yivian Beck; 
1842-47, Alexander Bowen; 1842-47, Samuel Said; 1848-68, James B. Richey; 

1848, Samuel Bowdre; 1851, Samuel Bowen; 1853, William S. Ralston; 1853, 
John Hutchinson; 1854, A. R. Bowen; 1857-68, Henrv G. Rittenhouse; 
1868-77, J. H. Felkner; 1869-74, Cvrus Phillips; 1875-80, Jefferson L. Richey; 
1875, Lewis B. Thompson; 1878-83, J. M. Roney; 1881, William Brown. 

Value of lands of the township,* $3 79, 280; value of real estate in towns 
and villages, $9,210; value of chattel property, $140,536; total, $529,026. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

W. H. H. BOWDRE, penman, P. 0. New Dover, was born June 25, ]858, and is a son 
of Samuel and Nancy (Green) Bowdre, natives of Ohio, of German descent. They settled in 
Dover Township, two and a half miles northeast of New Dover, in 1841, where they still re- 
side, now owing 116 acres of land. Mr. Bowdre makes a specialty of Clydesdale horses, on 
which he has taken the premium at the Union County and State Fairs, and also keeps his farm 
well stocked with cattle and hogs. He has raised a family of eleven children, all now living 
with one exception. Our subject was raised on a farm, but not liking the occupation of a 
farmer, he paid but little or no attention to agricultural pursuits, and spent most of his time 
trapping, rather than to go to school. At the age of sixteen years, seeing the folly of his for- 
mer course, he set diligently to work, and was henceforth considered an industrious man. 
When seventeen years of age he went to work with his uncle in Illinois, where he remained for 
several years with the exception of a few months spent at his Ohio home, and during his stay 
in the Prairie State he became a member of a young mens' debating society, and attained con- 
siderable prominence as a public speaker. At one time, having attended a temperance meeting 
where the speaker failed to appear, he was called out, and responding, delivered a creditable 
speech, which was highly lauded by the local press. Feeling sorely his lack of education, 
he began attending the common schools in 1879, and afterward took a course in a Normal 
School. In 1880, he attended the graded school of Marysville, and then for five months 
attended Prof. Sharp's school of penmanship, but was advised by the Professor to leave the 



DOVER TOWNSHIP. 373 

latter, not being a promising pupil. He then undertook to learn a rapid system of pen- 
manship, under Prof. Michael, of Delaware, and succeeded beyond his most sanguine expec- 
tations, making rapid progress in the art, and taking several prizes for his superiority in 
flourishing. He has since improved on the various styles he has studied, taking the good 
from all and combining them, and has begun teaching what he terms his lightning method. 
He claims to teach more in six lessons than other teachers can in six months, and, indeed, the 
rapidity with which his scholars learn is truly marvelous. His plan of imparting knowledge of 
the art is the great secret of his success, and the number and proficiency of his pupils is the 
proof of his possessing that secret. 

LEWIS FILLER, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, was born in Loudoun County, Va., July 6, 
1814. His father was a native of Loudoun County ; his parents came from Germany. He served 
in the war of 1812, and contracted a disease from which he died. His mother, Eliza- 
beth Cordell, was also a native of Loudoun County, and of German parents. Lewis is the 
second son and third child. When a boy he was taken by Samuel Cordell, who reared him to 
maturity, and gave him the privileges of the common schools. He came to Marysville in 1834, 
and worked one year at carpentering, then went to Union Township, where he married, and the 
succeeding year (1836) came to Dover Township and purchased fifty acres of land. In 1852, he 
bought 10(J acres of his present homestead, which was all in woods. He now owns a well-improved 
farm of 155 acres, which he cleared up from the stump. August 11, 1835, he was married to Mary 
Mather, daughter of Ebenezer and Elizabeth Mather, by whom he had eleven children, two of whom 
are living — Melva F., wife of William Kelsey, and Divison, who married Ella Craty. Mrs. Filler 
was born in Union Township .January 14, 1818, and died .July 2, 1853. Mr. F. again married. May 
11, 1854, to Mrs. Elmina Irwin, widow of Samuel Irwin. She died June 22, 1858, leaving two 
children. One, May E., is now living. Mr. Filler married the third time, October 18, 1858, to 
Blanch, daughter of James and Nancy Beck. Mrs. F. was born in Clark County, \V. Va., June 7, 
1832. Of seven children by this union, two are living — Mina and Laura B. Mr. and Mrs. Filler 
are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He assisted is organizing Mount Harmon Meth- 
odist Episcopal Church, and is the only surviving charter member. He served as Township 
Trustee four terms, and in politics is a Republican. 

SAMUEL GAMBLE, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, a native of Clark County, Ohio, was born 
October 10, 18)9. He is a son of Robert and Catharine (Bennett) Gamble. His father emi- 
grated from Ireland with his parents when eighteen years old, and settled in Pennsylvania, 
where he married and subsequently removed to Kentucky, thence to Clark County, Ohio, before 
the war of 1812. Mr. Gamble enlisted and served in the war of 1812, and in 1832 removed 
with his family to Leesburg Township, this county, where he purchased 100 acres of land. He 
died in 1839, aged fifty; his wife died in 1833. They had nine children, of whom our subject is 
the second son. He was reared to manhood on a farm and educated in schools held in log 
cabins. September 15, 1839, he married Mary, daughter of Samuel and Phebe Lyman. Mrs. 
Gamble was born in Franklin County, Ohio, December 10, 1820. Of nine children by this mar- 
riage five are living — John C, Catharine, wife of William Wingfield, Samuel E , George M. and 
Elmer E. ; Robert, William, Mary A., Harriet and Phebe are deceased. Robert and William en- 
listed in 1862 in Company E, Eighteenth Regiment of regular troops. They participated in 
battle of Perryville. where they were taken prisoners. After one year they were released, and 
joined their regiment and were engaged in ttie battle of Chickamauga, where William was capt- 
ured and confined in Libby Prison one month, and while being taken to Andersonville took sick 
at Danville, and died in December, 1863. Robert was slightly wounded at Lookout Mountain, 
and discharged August, 1864. He died in Kosciusko County, In 1., in May, 1866. Mr. Gamble 
moved to his farm in Dover Township in 1856. He owned at one time 400 acres, but has di- 
vided with his children till his farm now contains but 240 acrei. He has made all his property 
by industry and economy, and has been a successful man. 

BERRY HANAWALT, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, was born in Ross County, Ohio, Decem- 
ber 11, 1843. He is a son of Samuel and Catharine (Acton) Hanawalt, the former a native of 
Mifflin County, Penn., and the latter of Ross County, Ohio. His father was born September 4, 
1810, and his mother August 13, 1-823. Mr. Hanawalt' s Barents removed to Ross County, 
Ohio, in 1814 and died there— Mr. H. July 28, 1831, and Mrs. H. July 17, 1846. Mrs. Hana- 
walt's father, Richard Acton, was a soldier in the war of 1812. In October, 1850, our sub- 
ject's parents came to Mill Creek Township, where Mr. Hanawalt had purchased eighty-three 
acres of land in 1847. He increased his farm by subsequent purchases, till at his death he 
owned 215 acres. He died January 21, 1874. Mr. Hanawalt was a man of unusual force of 
character; he started in life a poor boy, and spent several years of his early manhood in sup- 
porting his mother, and caring for and educating his brothers and sisters. He became a bank- 
rupt once on account of securing others and was compelled to make a second start. By his in- 
dustry and energy he accumulated considerable property, leaving an estate valued at $11,200. 
He was for several years an ardent and active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church ; his 
political affiliations were formerly with the Whigs, but of later years with the Republican 
party. Berry, the eldest son, was reared on a farm till of age, and educated in the common 
schools. October 5, 1865, he was married to Miss Rebecca J., daughter of Warret and Emily 



374 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Owen. Mrs. H. was born in Mill Creek Township, January 25, 1848. Of their four children 
two are living — Charles, born October 11, 1866, and Jennettie, born January 24, 1868; Alpha- 
retta died June 13, 1868, and Samuel, born April 18, 1870, and died February 14, 1872. Mr. 
Hanawalt located on his farm October 11, 1867. He owns 104^ acres of land and is engaged 
in farming and stock-raising. He and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 
He is connected with the I. 0. 0. F. He served as Township Trustee one term, and Treasurer 
two terms. 

ARTHUR LIGGETT, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, eldest son of James and Sarah A. Liggett, was 
born in Delaware County, Ohio, December 12, 1839. He came to Union County with his parents 
when a boy. He was reared on the farm and educated in the district schools. August 26, 1860, 
he was joined in marriage to Miss Clarinda Freshwater, daughter of George and Sarah Freshwater. 
Mrs. Liggett was born in Delaware County, Ohio, October 21.1841. They have two children — 
Calvin, born July 18, 1863, and David Elmer, born October 26, 1867. Oren, born September 13, 
1861, and died September 28, 1863. In 1869, Mr. Liggett located on his farm, and has since fol- 
lowed its pursuits in connection with stock-raising. His farm contains 150 acres. He is a member 
of the I. 0. 0. F., and in politics is Democratic. He served as Assessor of Dover Township two 
terms. 

WILLIAM H. LOVELESS, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, 
May 10, 1840. He is a son of John and Susan (Said) Loveless, the former a native of Prince 
George County, Md., and the latter of Delaware County, Ohio. The parents of the former re- 
moved to Delaware County, Ohio, when he was twelve years of age. He was married in 1833, to 
Susan Said, and had twelve children. He removed with his family to Effingham County, 111., in 
1864, and died February 14, 1878. Mrs. L. resides on the homestead in Effingham County. Will- 
iam is the third of a family of twelve children. When ten years of age his parents moved to 
Dover Township, where he was reared to manhood. November 15, 1861, he enlisted in the ranks 
of the Union army, as a member of Company F, Sixty-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 
to serve three years. June 9, 1862, he participated in the battle of Port Republic, when he re- 
ceived a gunshot wound in the left foot. He was finally discharged, August 1, 1862, on account 
of his wounds. Recovering from his disabilities, May 1, 1864, he enlisted in Company D, One 
Hundred and Thirty-fourth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was chosen First Lieuten- 
ant, and served in that capacity till his discharge, August 1, 1864. November 26, 1863, he was 
united in marriage to ^liss iSIary, daughter of Joseph K. and Nancy Richey. Mrs. L. was born in 
Dover Township, September 15, 1841. Their union was blest with five children, viz.: Carrie, 
Nancy L., Charlie. William and Lydia. They also have a niece, Wattie Sharp, whom they have 
reared. Mrs. Loveless is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. L. is identified with 
the Masonic fraternity, and G. A. R. Politically, he is of Republican principle. He owns 210 
acres of fine land. It is adorned with a substantial brick residenc, erected in 1880, at a cost of 
$3,000. Mr. Loveless is engaged in agriculture and rearing Clydesdale horses, which he exhibits 
at the annual fairs. 

CHARK LOW, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, was born in Ulster County, N. Y., March 11, 
1817. His parents, John and Maylin (Felkner) Low, were natives of the same county. They 
were married, and in 1818 removed to Ross County, Ohio, thence to Pickaway County, and in 
1825 to Madison County. The following year they came to Jerome Township. Union County, 
locating on the present site of Plain City. In 1827, Mr. Lowe made a trip to York State and 
died on the return. He left a widow and five children. She moved to the farm now owned by 
George M. Rickard. They lived on different farms in Jerome till the death of Mrs. Low, in 
March, 1843. The children were as follows : Luke, John, Peggy, Polly, Chark and Eliza. In 
1844, the subject of this sketch removed to his present farm, which he had bought some years 
before. In 18i3, he was married to Charlotte McClung, daughter of Joseph and Peggy Mc- 
Clung, by whom he had two children — Levi, who married Anna Leard ; and Mary, wife of Isaac 
Conklin. Mrs. Low departed this life November 26, 1852. Mr. Low again married to Phebe, 
daughter of Abraham and Mary J. Beck. Mrs. Low was born in Dover Township July 15 
1837. Of eight children by this marriage, six are living — Sylvester, now deceased, Sarah E., 
John, Flora B.. Elmer C. and Martha J. Samuel H. and Almena are deceased. Mr. Low and 
family are members of the Christian Church. He owns a farm of 200 acres, well improved 
and cultivated, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. 

JEREMIAH MILLER, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, a native of Champaign County, Ohio, 
born December 21, 1837. He is a son of Thomas and Delila (Wade) Miller, who moved and 
settled in AVashington Township in 1848. Jeremiah was reared to manhood in Washington 
Township. October 16, 1860, he was married to Miss Sarah A., daughter of Joshua and Mary 
Haines. She departed this life August 11, 1868, leaving one child, David E., born October 11, 
1862. Mr. Miller's second marriage was celebrated September 16, 1873, with Miss Mollie A. 
Clugage, daughter of James Clugage, an old pioneer of the county. Mrs. Miller was born in 
Delaware County, Ohio, May 18, 1834. She was for many years engaged in the profession of 
leaching, and was one of the county's most efficient teachers. Mr. Miller resided in Washing- 
ton Township till 1877, when he removed to Marysville and dealt in cattle one year ; then re- 
moved to his present location, but has since continued in the stock business. He and wife are 



DOVER TOWNSHIP. 375 . 

members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Miller is identified with the Masonic order, 
Richwood Lodge, No. 303, and in politics is a Republican. He served one term as Trustee of 
Washington Township. 

JAMES H. MYERS, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, was born in Dover Township February 18, 
1847. He is a son of John and Hannah Myers, who were respectively natives of Licking and 
Ross Counties. His father was born Mirch 1, 1812, and his mother June 4, 1812. They 
married in Licking County, Ohio, May 3, 1832, and in 1837 came to Dover Township. In 1847, 
Mr. Myers purchased a farm, on which he died February 21, 1871; Mrs. Myers died on 
the same day of the previous year. They were both members of the Mount Herman Methodist 
Episcopal Church. James is the fifth of twelve children. January 5, 1864, at the age of seven- 
teen, he enlisted in Company F, Sixty-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was with 
the Army of the Cumberland, and April 23, he was disabled at Buzzard Roost, Ga. He was 
sent to Camp Douglass, Chicago, 111., where he was Orderly to Gen. Sweet till his discharge, 
July 25, 1865. April 12, 1871, he was married to Miss Bell, daughter of S. T. and Elizabeth 
Rittenhouse. Mrs. Mytrs was born in Ross County, Ohio, July 17, 1858. They have four sons, 
viz.: Memphis, Milo, Iven and Ivin. Mr. Myers owns the homestead, which contains 120 
acres. He engaged in farming and raising Spanish merino sheep, short-horned cattle, and Po- 
land-China hogs. He and wife are members of the Baptist Church. 

JAMES B. NORRIS, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, was born in Maiden, Ontario, February 20, 
1822. He is a son of Jeremiah K. and Margaret (Harris) Norris, who emigrated from Glouces- 
tershire, England, in 1812, and settled at Halifax, N. S., where Mr. Norris rented 1,800 acres 
of land of Admiral Cochran, and dealt in stock till 1819, when they removed to Harrison 
County, Ohio, going from Philadelphia, Penn., in wagons. In 1821, they went back to Ontario, 
crossing Lake Erie on the ice, and in 1830 they returned to Harrison County, where Mr. Norris 
died January 28, 1837. Mrs. Norris came to Delaware County in 1866, where her death oc- 
curred July 14, 1878. Our subject was reared on a farm and educated in the common schools. 
When fifteen he left home and followed working by the month three years at $8 and $10 per 
month. December 9, 1840, he came to Mill Creek Township and purchased thirty acres of land. 
He lived in different places in Union and Delaware Counties till 1864, when he located on the 
farm he now occupies. November 30, 1842, he was married to Rebecca L., daughter of Jacob 
and Sarah (Schofield) Pennypacker, and a native of Chester County, Penn., where she was born 
April 25, 1823. Of eight children born to them, three sons are living — Jacob P., Jeremiah K. 
and Benjamin F.; Joseph, Jeremiah, Jane, Hannah L. and Sarah A. are deceased. .Jacob P., the 
eldest of the deceased, enlisted October 1, 1862, in Company D, Eighty-eiguth Regiment Ohio 
Volunteer Infantry, and was discharged on account of disability October 1, 1863. He re- 
enlisted February 24, 1864, in Company K, Fifty-fourth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and 
was discharged August, 1865. Mr. Norris, our subject, was the first man drafted in Union 
County, and he furnished a substitute. He owns a farm of 152 acres, and is engaged in farm- 
ing and raising stock. Mr. and Mrs. Norris are both members of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church. 

ADAM PHILLIPS, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, is a son of Holdridge and Sarah (Ryan) 
Phillips, both natives of Barbour County, Va., and a grandson of John J. Holdridge, of Revolution- 
ary fame His maternal grandparents, James and Catharine Ryan, came to Union County in 
1845, and settled on the land now owned by our subject. Holdridge Phillips and Sarah Ryan 
were married January 13, 1829, and moved to this county in 1847. He purchased of his 
father's estate 212 acres of land in Dover Township, upon which he settled and raised a family 
of four children, of whom our subject is the j^oungest, and was born in Barbour County, 
Va., in 1841. He was raised on the homestead farm, and was married in Fulton County, Ind., Octo- 
ber 20, 1864, to Miss Mary E., daughter of Daniel and Saloma Hodkins,of Virginia. This union 
produced three children, two of whom are living, viz.: Albert and Bertha. Mr. Phillips has a 
farm of ninety-nine and one-half acres at the present time, which, however, is highly cultivated 
and productive. He fills the office of Township Trustee, and ranks among the pioneer farmers 
of the township and county. Phineas W., of Mahaska County, Iowa; Cyrus, of Mitchell 
County, Kan., and Eva, wife of Andrew Watson, of Richwood, Union County, are his brothers 
and sister. 

ADAM RICHEY, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, third son of Joseph K. and Nancy Richey, was 
born in Dover Township March 7, 1813. He was reared on his father's farm, and educated in 
the schools of his native place. March 24, 1864, he enlisted in Company B, Thirty-second 
Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was with Gen. Sherman on his Atlanta campaign and 
was engaged in all the chief battles to Atlanta, where he remained a short lime, then went on 
the noted march to the sea, participating in all the engagements of the march. He afterward 
fought at Bentonville, N. C, then went to Washington, D. C, and attended the grand review. 
He was discharged at Louisville, Ky., July 20, 1865. September 6, 1866, he was married lo 
Miss Mary M., daughter of Timothy and Jane Thomas. Mrs. Richey was born in Licking Coun- 
ty November 22, 1843. Four children to them were born — Dwight, Otto, Lillian and Joseph T. 
Mrs. Richey is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Richey is a member of the 
G. A. R. and is a Republican. He owns 114 acrts of land. 



376 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

JAMES RITTENHOUSE, farmer, P. O. New Dover, eldest son of Samuel T. and Elizabeth 
(Nichols) RittenhoLise, was born in Ross County, Ohio, July 30, 1812. When twelve yeirs of 
age, his parents removed to Union County, where he was reared to manhood. Aujusl 8, 1862, 
he enlisted in Company — , Ninety-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, bat was immediately trans- 
ferred to Company C, One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiraeut. He served in the army of the 
Tennessee, and participated in the following engagements : Perryville, Franklin, Triune, Chick- 
amauga, where he was taken sick with typhoid fever. He was confined in the hospitals at Nash- 
ville and Ljuisville. After his recovery, lie joined his regiment at Atlanta, Ga., and was taken 
down wiih the small-pox. and after he recovered from this malady he was employed as chief 
clerk and general Ward blaster till his discharge at camp Chase, Ohio, June 27, 1865. Novem- 
ber 2, 1865, he was married to M<iry A., daughter of John and Lucinda Guy, and a native of 
Delaware County, where she was born October 9, 1844; of six childreu born to this marriage, 
the following are living: Lucinda E., Mary E., John T., Edgar M. and Clara. Lester A. died 
aged six months and twenty-one days. Mr. Rittenhouse owns a farm of 146 acres of land and 
is engiged in agriculture and stock-raising. He and wife are members of the Baptist Church. 
He is connected with the I. 0. 0. F., Grange and G. A. R. He is a member of the Board of 
Township Trustees, and in politics a Republican. 

JOHN ROBINSON, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, a well-known pioneer of Dover Township, 
was born ia London, England, March 21, 1802. He is a son of William and Mary (Taylor) 
Robinson, the former a native of London and the latter of Oxfordsliire, England. Mr. Piobin- 
son was an artist, and superintended the construction of the interior of ihe former house of 
Lords, and the Throne ai Windsor. The ancestral history of this family shows them to be of 
Huguenot extraction. The first of the family of any distinction came with the persecuted 
Huguenots from France during the reign of Louis the Fourteenth. William was in the employ 
of the British Government, for many years and died in London. The subject of this sketch was 
reared in the metropolis of Great Britain, and was educated in a French Protestant College. 
Mr. Robinson possesses the endowments of art so characteristic of his race, and was in the em- 
ploy of the Government in London till 1880, when his property, amounting to $40,000, was de- 
stroyed by fire. He rebuilt, and in 1833 came across the waters, and located a few months in 
New York City; then came to Delaware County, Ohio, where he purchased 400 acres. In 
March, 1853, he came to Union County and purchased 200 acres of land lying on the line. ^Ir. 
Robinson by his energy and perseverance acquired large property, at one time owning 800 acres 
of finely improved and highly cultivated land. This he has divided among his children and 
now lives with his son Guido. August 13, 1831, he was married to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of 
James and Fillis Hayes. Mrs. Robinson was born in Gloucestershire, England, in 1812. This 
marriige was blest with seven children, viz.: Edwin H., married Lucinda Hill ; Alfred J., mar- 
ried L'irinda Hill ; Rubens W., married Hattie Watson ; Arthur S., married Sarah .1. Thomas; 
Mary C. T., wife of Judson Ferris ; Edward, married Sarah P. Culp, and Guido, married Laura 
J. Andrews and have four children — Girard E , Beale A., Ellis A. and Grace. Mrs. Robinion 
departed this life May 10, 1879. Mr. Robinson is a man of rare artistic talent. Both in carv- 
ing and painting, he di plays a remarkably peculiar ingeniousness. His home is almost entire- 
ly furnished witti ornaments and carvings from his own hand. One piece of furniture, a library 
case, of a very peculiar design, is one of the useful curiosities of the parlor. Mr. Robinson tias 
made some paintings of Alpine and other natural scenery, and shows skill in this art as well as 
in carving. Besides he has a large collection of geological, mineralogicaland botanical specimens. 

JOHN M. RONEY, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, is a son of James and Rachel Roney, 
both natives of Chester County, Penn., the former born October 17, 1796, and the latter April 29, 
1797. They came to the West in April, 1834, and settled near Dublin, Franklin County, on the 
Scioto River, where he purchased a farm and where he passed his life and died o i November 26, 
1840. She died in December, 1839. They raised a family of eight children, four of whom are 
living in this county. The subject of this sketch was born in Franklin Cjunty on August 27, 
1836, and is the youngest living child of his parents. He lived at home until his father's death, 
then being six years of age, when he was brought to iMarysville, and was brought up until 
twelve years of age by Mitchell Robinson. When seventeen years of age, he began teaching 
district school. This he followed until twenty years of age, when after a short journey 
West he returned and was married December 22, 1857, lo Miss Eliza M., daughter of Jesse 
Gill, of this county. Afier marriage, he purchased a farm in Mill Creek Township, where he 
resided thirteen years, when in 1871 he purchased and settled upon his present estate, con- 
sisiing of 104 acres, where he has since made his home. Mr. R. has filled the office of Justice 
of the Peace for the past five years. He has also filled other township offices, and is a Di- 
rector of the Agricultural Society of Union County. He is connected with the Presbyterian 
Church of Ostrander, and numbers among the oldest living settlers of the county. His living 
children are James L., Albert V. and Jane G. 

MORGAN SAVAGE, farmer, P. O. New Dover, a prominent pioneer citizen of Dover 
Township, was born in Montgomeryshire, North Wales, August 16, 1811. He is a son of Rich- 
ard and Susanna (Tomly) Savage, who emigrated to the United States in 1824, landing in Baltimore 
April 3. They settled seven miles north of Baltimore, where they resided till 1832, in which 



DOVER TOWNSHIP. 377 

year they migrated to Delaware County, Ohio, where they both died. When Morgan was a boy, 
he served an apprenticeship at the carpenter and joiner trade in Baltimore. He came to Dela- 
ware County with his parents, where he pursued his trade up to 1849. Id April of that year, 
he went across the plains to California, and followed mining and his trade. He made the wood- 
work on the first brick building in Sacramento City. December, 1850, he returned to 
Delaware County, and in 1856 came to Dover and purctiased Survey No. 5,504, containing 
304 acres, for which he paid |1(j per acre. He made additions to this farm till he owned 
over 700 acres of land in the township. He was the first person to indorse the petition for 
the Marjsville & Delaware gravel road. In the way of public improvements, Mr. Savage has 
alwajs displayed an interesting part. To the different pikes, he has given in taxes about 
$2,800. He was one of the founders of the Baptist Church, and has been identified with it 
officially for many years. Mrs. S. is also a member. January, 1837, Mr. Savage was married 
to Margaret, daughter of Asa and Catharine Robinson, by whom he had eleven children : of 
these three are living — Anna, wife of John Beard ; Hattie R., wife of Calvin Michael; and Alice, 
wife of Oscar Beckham. Mrs. Savage's father died May 12, 1866, aged eighty-five. Mrs. Rob- 
inson is living in the ninety-sixth year of her age. Politically, Mr. Savage is of Democratic 
views, having advocated those doctrines since the days of Gen. Jackson. He served as Trustee 
of Dover Township one term and one term of Concord Township, Delaware County. Mr. Sav- 
age has witnessed much of the growth and improvement of the county and State, and in the 
development of the county he has taken an active interest. In 1828, he witnessed the laying of 
the cirner-stone of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad at Baltimore, the first railroad in the 
United States. He saw Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, at that time the only surviving signer 
of the Declaration of Independence. Mr. Savage saw La Fayette when he came to America on 
his farewell visit. 

DAVID SHULER, carpenter, New Dover, was born in Licking County, Ohio, October 4, 1832. 
His parents, Williamand Sarah (Dupler)Shuler, were natives of Pennsylvania. He is the eldest of 
seven children, five of whom are now living. He passed his early life on the farm and received 
his education in the common schools of the country. October, 1863, he enlisted in Company 
B, Thirty-second Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He served in the Seventeenth Army 
Corps, and participated in the b*ttle of Baker's Creek, and then accompanied Gen. Sherman on 
the Atlanta campaign, and was active in all the battles in which the Thirty-second Regiment 
was engaged. He went throughout the march to the sea, and was in all the battles of that 
famous march. He was known as one of " Sherman's bummers." Subsequently he fought at 
Bentonville, N. C, and was then marched to Washington, D. C, where he attended the grand 
review. He was discharged with honors at Columbus, Ohio, at the close of the war. He re- 
sumed his trade — carpenter — and followed it till 1873, when he engaged in getting out spokes 
and felloe strips. In 1877, he began manufacturing, which he has since followed. De- 
cember 28, 1858, he was married to Miss Clarissa, daughter of Willard and Mary (Foster) Ed- 
son, by whom he had four children, viz.: Willis V , Ellice V., wife of Edward Fleck; and Mary 
E.; Grace died aged seventeen years. Mr. Shuler is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. and G. A. R. 
Politically, he is a Republican. He served one term as Towns-hip Treasurer. In 1861, he was 
appointed Postmaster at New Dover and has since held the office. 

WILLLIM A. SHULER, Jr., manufacturer, New Dover, is a son of William A. and 
Sarah (Duplerj Shuler. The former was born in Nortbuoiberland County, Penn., December 9, 1810. 
The latter was born in Perry County, Ohio, April 15, 1810. They came to the West at an 
early day and settled in Delaware County, where he resided until he removed to this county in 
1849. He settled in this township and engaged in farming until 1855, when he moved to this 
village, where he and his wife live in retirement in the seventy-second year of his age. They 
raised a family of five children, all of whom are living. The hubject of this sketch was born in 
Delaware County in 1844, and in early life engaged in the harness and saddlery business. He 
was working at his trade until the time of his enlistment in the Union army in March, 1864, 
when he joined Company F, Sixty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infmtry, and served until the close of 
the war. He participated in the battles of Mill Creek, Ga., Resaca, Cassville, Dallas and Pine 
Hill, where he was wounded and sent to the hospital at Nashville. He rejoined the regiment 
at Atlanta, after recovery, and participated at the siege of Savannah, and at the latter place was 
obliged to suffer delay and confinement on account of his wound, but recovered so as to be able 
to join the regiment at Washington, D. C, and was a witness of the grand review. He was also 
with Sherman on his march to the sea. Mr S. on retiring from the war, entered the mercantile 
trade in this place, which he continued about five years. Subsequently he became engaged in 
the manufacture of racks and chairs rounds, which he has carried on successfully to the 
present time. He again began in the mercantile business in this village, in November, 
1881, where he conducts a prosperous trade. He was united in marriage December 24, 1867, 
to Miss Allie Sevirn, a daughter of James Y. and Lucinda (Kose) Sevirn. Mrs. Shuler is a na- 
tive of Marysville, Union County. To tbis uuioa one child was bora, now deceased. Mr. Shu- 
ler and wife are connected with the Methodist Episcopal Church of this village and number 
among the young and energetic people of the cjuuty. William A. Shuler, Sr., succeeded Calvin 
Richey in the mercantile business in this village in 1855, where he was activtly and success- 



378 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

fully engaged, until he retired from business, and was succeeded by his son, the subject of 
this sketch, in 1881. 

ANDREW TAYLOR, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, was born January 20, 1825. He is a son of 
John and Jinsey (Noteman) Taylor, who were married in Union County, but settled near Plain 
City in Madison County, where our subject was born, and where his mother died four or five 
weeks after his birth. He was then taken by his grandfather Andrew Noteman, who reared him 
from babyhood, and the " little glass jug," from which he received his nourishment, and which 
afterward was used by him to carry milk to school, is now preserved perfectly in the family as 
an heirloom. Mr. Taylor married the second time to Mrs. Ann Taylor, ?iee Hendricks, who 
bore him two children — Daniel J. and Davil 0., who was killed at the battle of Kenesaw 
Mountain. When his father married the second time, Andrew went back into the family. His 
father removed near New California, where he bought loO acres of woodland, which he cleared 
before his death. He died in January, 1841. His widow still survives him in the eighty-fifth 
year of her age, and resides at Green Bend. Mr. Taylor grew to manhood on the farm and 
was educated in the common schools. In 1848, he learned coopering, which he followed live 
year's. He then erected an ashery and operated it successfully in the manufacture of black 
salts and potash for four years. He sold to Judge Woods and turned his attention to farming, 
which he has since followed. In 1851, he bought seventy acres of land, which cost him $17 an 
acre. Most of the purchase wis in woods. He had previously bought and paid for 217 acres, 
and the litle proving void he lost it. Mr. Taylor has by his energy and industry acquired con- 
siderable valuable property. He started out poor and alone to achieve a fortune, and by years 
of hard and honest toil he has made for himself a handsome competence. He now owns 550 
acres of finely improved and highly cultivated land, and is one of the substantial citizens of the 
township. He was married October 4, 1848, to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Moses and Jemima 
Mitchell. Mrs. Taylor was born in Darby Township, February 22, 1829. This union was blest, 
with eleven children, of whom seven are now living, viz.: Llewellyn J., Francis M., Izora J., 
wife of E. G. Rogers, Adrin M., Mary A. and Adolphis D. (twins), and Uljsses F.; Elena I. 
Au'irew anH two infants are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Taylor aremembers of the Method=it 
Episcopal Church. Mr. Taylor has served Mill Creek as Trustee four jears, and Township 
Clerk two years. Politically, he is of Republican principle. Mr. Taylor has for the last thirty 
years made a special pursuit in rearing thoroughbred short-horned cattle, and has been suc- 
cessful. 

JAMES THO.MPSON, merchant. New Dover, apromiaent citizen of Dover Township, wasbrrn 
near Chariot' esville, Va., February 28, 1812. He is a son of John and Polly (Nelson) Thompson, 
naiives of Virginia. His paternal grandfather, James Tnompsoa, was also a native of the Old 
Dominion. He part'cipated in the struggles for our national indepeudence, and was present at 
the surrender of Lord Cornwallis ul Yorktown. In 1818 he came to Mill Creek Township with 
four sons and three daughters, viz.: James John, Charles, William, Polly, wife of James Burns; 
Susan, wife of John Gray, aud Eliziheih. wife of David Pi ice. Of these all died in Union 
County, except .James, who died near Cnillioihe, and Mrs. Burns, whose deatti occurred in Mis- 
souri. James Burns, her husband, was connected with the Land Office of Missouri for tifteen 
years. James Tnompson died in Mill Creek Township in 1810. His father emigrated to 
America subspquent to the French and ludian war, and settled in Old Virginia, where he die t. 
Mrs. Thompson, the wife of James, departeil this life in 1833. John, the father of our >ubjec*, 
was drafted into military service during the war of 18! 2. For his first wife he married 
Polly Nelson, their children were Jamts (our subject), William, Elizabeth, and Nancy, deceafred. 
Mrs. Thompson died in August, 1816. Mr. Thompson married for his second wife, 
Elizabeth Graham, by whom he had the following children : George, Robert, Anderson, John, 
Susan, Elizabeth and Temperance. Mr. Tnompson died in ^lill Creek Township, in 18j6, 
James, our subject, whose name heads this sketch, was taken by his granufather when sis jears 
of age and reared and eJuciteJ. From the time he was fifteen years old till of age, he worked 
out hy the ilay, month and yeir. In 1832, he married and settled oq forty acres of land near 
Wat kins, which purchase he had mide some time previously. He pursued the avocation of 
farming till 1888, when he establishe<l a small store at Watkins, which was the first in Mill 
Cfeek Township. Mr. Thompson continued in the mercantile business at Watkins till April 1, 
1878, when he removed to New Dover, resuming ttie mercantile trade. In 1840, he was ap- 
pointed Postmaster at Watkins, and tille I that office till 18til. During thit period he served 
as Justice of the Peace nine years. lu 1860, he was tendered the Deputy Marshalship of Union 
(y'nunty, but on account of ill heillh, dejlined. He was a great lover of military discipline, and 
when a boy joined the miliiii aud served as Drummer, Drum-Mnjor, First Lieutenant and Cap- 
tain. At the d.sorganizatioa of this militia, and August 1, 1863, at ttie formatioQ of the home 
militia, tie was elected Captain of Company E. Taird Battalion Ohio Militia, and September 1, 
1863, was commissioned Lieutenant Colonel if the same battalion. Mr. Thompson was the 
first Assessor or Mill Creek Township, and served in every other official capacity in thit town- 
ship. Mr. Thompson embarked in li'e a poor boy, and dependent upon his own exertions. By 
Lis untiring energy and industry, he achieved a lirge success in the accumulation of this 
world's goods. He owned land in Mill Creek, Dover and Ttylor Townships, to the number of 



/ 




^ "■ s <•!;''*'•■■ KfS'^V ' f*^^^ '' "f 



LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. ^ 381 

1,300 acres. He has since divided among his children, till his farm now contains but 650 
acres. Mr. Thompson was married January 5, 1832, to Miss Catharine Gamble, who died Sep- 
tember 9, 1854, leaving him six children, viz.: John G., Robert W., Nelson P., Tyler, Joseph S., 
Mary L., wife of W. S. Rogers, and Ray T. Mr. Thompson celebrated his second marriage 
December 31, 1855, with Miss Elizabeth, daughter of John and Sarah Gamble. Two children 
were the fruits of this union — George E. and Horace G. Mr. and Mrs. Thompson religiously 
entertain the views of the church of the Disciples. Mr. T. in politics, is decidedly Democratic. 
JOHN WELLER, farmer, P. 0. New Dover, was born near AVatkins, Union County, De- 
cember 3, 1838. He is a son of Edward Weller, a prominent citizen re^iiding near Marysville. 
He was reared to manhood on a farm, and received his training in the common schools. Au- 
gust 13, 1861, he shouldered his musket in Company D, Thiny-fourth Regiment Ohio Volun- 
teer Infantry, and started for the fields of the army of West Virginii. He participated in the 
battles of Mud Creek, Princeton, Raleigh, Fayetteville, Charleston, Winchester, Fisher's Hill 
and all the engagements in which the Eighth Army Corps participated. The last two years he 
served as Corporal, during which time the resiment wis mounted, and did cavalry duty. He 
was discharged at Columbus, September 1, 1864, and returned home and resumed crock and tile 
making^ which he followed till 1876. He then removed to a farm in the eastern part of Paris 
Township, and in 1877 to his present farm. December 30, 1875, he was married to Mies 
Emma, daughter of M. W. and Sarah Judy, and a native of Liberty Township. Mrs. Weller was 
born November 29, 1858. They have one child — Bariah Victor, born July 26, 1877. Edward J. 
died aged five months and twenty-eight days. Mr. Weller owns a half-interest in a farm of 132i 
acres, and is engaged in agriculture and stock-raising. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity 
and I. 0. 0. F. and G. A. R. In politics is Republican. He was one term member of the Board of 
Trustees of Dover Township. 



CHAPTER VII. 



LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. 

THIS was the sixth township constituted in Union County, and was organ- 
ized as follows: "At a meeting of the Commissioners of the county of 
Union, on the first Monday of June, 1822, the township of Liberty was organ- 
ized as follows: Beginning at the southwest corner of Paris Township, 
thence west to the county line, thence north to the north boundary of 
said county, thence east to the west boundary of Paris Township, thence 
south with said line to the place of beginning, to be known by the name of 
Liberty Township." Upon the organization of York Township, at a later date, 
the northern boundary line was changed, and the territory of Liberty made 
much less, and finally brought to its present limits and boundaries. 

Land surveys were begun in this township quite early, although not as 
soon as in the southern townships of the county. The first survey was made 
in September, 1799. The^ several surveys of this township are as follows: 
Surveyed September 16, 1799, for David Duncan Assee, 1,000 acres, Survey 
No. 3,444, Lucas Sullivant, D. S. Sufveyed February 8, 1834, for Arthur W. 
Duncan, Assee, 150 acres, Survey No. 3,462, E. P. Kendrick, D. S. Surveyed 
July 20, 1815, for John Scarborough, 666 acres. Survey No. 3,462, Duncan 
McArthur, D. S. Surveyed December 4, 1823, for William Dangerfield, 400 
acres. Survey No. 3,487, James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed December 4, 
1823, for Thompson Davis, 191 acres, Survey No. 3,487, James Galloway, Jr., 
D. S. Surveyed December 3, 1823, for William Richie, 100 acres. Survey 
No. 3,490, James Galloway, Jr., D. S. surveyed December 3, 1823, for John 
Hoopwood, )00 acres, Survey No. 3,490, James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed 
September 17, 1799, for Jacob Woolston, Assee, 600 acres. Survey No. 3,689, 
Lucas Sullivant, D. S. Surveyed November 7, 1803, for Benjamin Grimes, 
],333 acres, Survey No. 4,404, Joseph KeiT D. S. Suiveyed November 7, 
1803, for Benjamin Grimes, 1,333| acres. Survey No. 4,404, Joseph Kerr, D. 
S. Surveyed December 11, 1805, for the representative of L. Jones, 



382 HISTORY OF UNIOx\ COUNTY. 

1,380 acres, Survey No. 4,815, James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed Decem- 
ber 3, 1823, for George Solomon, 100 acres, Survey ISo. 5,267, James Gallo- 
way, Jr., D. S. Surveyed December 3, 1823, for James Baldwin, 100 acres, 
Survey No. 5,267, James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed December 3, 1823, 
for Bryan Simmons, 100 acres. Survey No. 5,267, James Galloway, Jr., D. S. 
Surveyed December 3, 1823, for William Russell, Assee, 200 acres. Survey No. 
5,270, James Galloway, Ji'., D. S. Surveyed December 2, 1823, for George 
"Winter, 100 acres. Survey No. 5,270, James Galloway, D. S. Surveyed Feb- 
ruary 29, 1808, for Robert Means, Assee., 1,000 acres, Survey No. 5,729, 
James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed September 4, 1809, for Robert Means, 
Assee., 300 acres, Survey No. 5,777, James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed 
September 5, 1810, for Duncan McArthur, 880 acres. Survey Nos. 6,563 and 
6,776, Duncan McArthur, D. S. Surveyed November 29, 1823, for Richard 
Dorsey, 750 acres. Survey No. 12,282, James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Charles 
Neal enters 100 acres, January 1, 1821, Survey No. 10,593. Surveyed Octo- 
ber 26, 1824, for Young Wilkerson, 1,000 acres. Survey No. 12,283, Duncan 
McArthur, D. S. Surveyed Jnnuary 15, 1824, for John Shanks and Joshua 
McQueen, 200 acres, Surveys Nos. 12,388 and 12,401, J. Galloway, D. S. Sur- 
veyed March 12, 1824, for James Galloway, Jr., Assee., William Schoolar and 
Joshua McQueen, 523 acres, Surveys Nos. 12,399, 12,402, 12.395, 12,427 and 
12,423, James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed February 16, 1824, for An- 
drew Rogers, Joshua McQueen, Robert Green, Robert Payne and Susanna 
Payne, his wife, son of Robert Green, deceased, and James Galloway, Jr., 
Aswee, 1,823 acres. Surveys Nos. 12,400, 12,403, 12,393 and 12,413, James 
Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed December 1, 1824, for Joseph Spencer, 200 
acres. Survey No. 12,484, James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed July 1, 
1824, for Mazy or Mary Vance, 1,600 acres, Survey No. 12,472, Allen La- 
tham, D. S. Surveyed February 4, 1832, for Joseph Spencer, 94 acres. Sur- 
vey No. 13,271, James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed May 22, 1832, for 
James Galloway, Jr., Assee., 83| acres. Survey No. 13,291, James Galloway, 
Jr., D. S. Surveyed November 27, 1837, for Allen Latham, Assee., 455 acres. 
Survey No. 13,447, E. P. Kendrick, D. S. Surveyed February 13, 1837, for 
James Galloway, Jr., Assee., 80 acres, Survey No. 13,849, James Galloway. 
Jr., D. S. Surveyed December 24, 1843, for Allen Latham, Assee., 155 acres. 
Survey No. 14,912, E. P. Kendrick, D. S. Surveyed November 15, 1842, for 
John L. Dawson and John Dawson, Assees., 400 acres, Survey No. 14,755, E. 
P. Kendrick, D. S. Surveyed for Allen Latham, 81 acres, Survey No. 16,- 
133. Surveyed for A. D. Kendri'^k, 100 acres. Survey No. 15,921. Surveyed 
for Tuttle Hudson, 400 acres. Survey No. 6,232. Surveyed for Robert Means, 
1,828| acres, Suiweys Nos. 5,778, 5,641, 5.806 and 6,495. 

SURFACE, SOIL, STREAMS, ETC. 

The surface is generally level, not as undulating as that of Allen Town- 
ship. The western and southwestern portions are quite flat and originally 
were very wet, but by ditching and draining are becoming in fine condition 
for farming. The eastern and southeastern portions, and along the creeks are 
more undulating and in some places slightly hilly. The bottom lands and 
some of the level portions possess a deep black loam, but generally the soil is 
a stroug, productive clay and loam, producing abundant crops of corn, wheat, 
oats and grass. The principal stream of the township is Mill Creek, which 
enters from Logan County, on its west boundary, passing through the Hosack 
farm, on Survey 4,815, and meandering in a general southeastern course 
through the township, leaves it, and passes into Taylor, through the Aaron 
Shirk farm. This creek is one of the largest streams of Union County, and 



LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. 383 

gave water-power to all the early mills of this township; and along its course 
and near its banks located most of the first settlers. In its course through 
the township, it receives a few small tributaries, as Colver Run, etc., but none 
of any significance. In the extreme southern and southeastern part is Little 
Otter Run, which takes the same southeasterly course. In the southwest part 
is Flat Branch, which takes its rise in the western central portion, and flows 
south into Allen Township. This township was originally heavily timbered, 
embracing the following varieties: White, black, red and burr oak, hickory, 
walnut, elm, sugar, maple and beech, the latter predominating, especially in 
the northern portion of the township. 

EARLY SETTLERS. 

The pioneers early made their way up Mill Creek, and formed a settlement 
in the dense forests of the territory comprised in Liberty Township several 
years prior to the settling of Allen Township. Levi Carter, believed to be a 
native of Virginia, was, in all probability the first to penetrate the unbroken 
wilderness of this domain. He settled on land now owned by James T. 
Mahaffy in 1813-14. He married Miss Elizabeth Edgar, by whom he had the 
following children: Caleb, who was a man full of eccentricities and well known 
for his peculiarities; Lemuel, who married Jemima Orahood; William. Joseph, 
Levi, Margaret and Malinda. Mr. Carter was one of the Judges of the first elec- 
tion of Liberty Township. As an inducement to start an early settlement here, 
Gen. McArthur offered 100 acres to any man who would permanently settle 
upon it, and Mr. Carter accepted the proposition, and became, as above 
stated, the first settler in this vicinity. He was a good man and neighbor and 
a worthy citizen. Aboui 1840, he with all his family removed to Illinois, 
where he died. 

Charles Colver, a native of the State of New York, who was mentioned as 
an early settler of Union Township, locating there in 1812; in the fall of 1815, 
became the second settler, probably of this township. He married Olive Cal- 
lander, and settled on land now owned by his son, Russel Colver, and here 
resided till his death, September 8, 1823. aged fifty years; his wife smwived 
him several years and died on the home place. Their children were as fol- 
lows: Standish, who married Betsey McCloud; she died and he married 
Maria Smith; his death occurred November 15, 1882; Asa, married a 
widow, formerly Mary Tignor, in the State of Mississippi, where he settled 
and resided till his death; Hulda. married Joseph Curl, and died in Logan 
County, Ohio; Caroline married Isaiah Garwood, and died in Logan County; 
Silas, removed to Illionis, where he married and resided till his death; Russel, 
married Mrs. Mary Colver, and resided in North Lewisburg; Catharine, 
married Hiram Smith, and resides near Irwin Station; Permelia, deceased; 
Amos, married a lady from near Homer; she died, and he removed to Oregon, 
where he again married and now resides; and Calista, who married William 
Stokes; she is deceased. 

Israel Carter, brother of Levi Carter, settled on land now owned by Mof- 
fet and Henderson, about two years later than his brother. He married and 
remained a resident of this neighborhood till his death. His children were 
Lewis, who never married, is deceased; Benjamin, married Miss Susan Ki- 
gar, moved to Illinois, where he died; Levi, married Miss Orahood, and subse- 
quently moved to Illinois; John, married Fannie Griffin; she died, and he 
married Harriet Smith; again he was left a widower and mai-ried Mrs. Re- 
becca Foster, nee Smith; Charles, married Rachel Dillon; Israel, married 
Jane Smith, both are deceased; Zephaniah, married Frances Anderson, and 
removed to Wisconsin; Lemon, married Angeline Seaman, and removed to 



384 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Kansas; Margaret, married a Mr. Paige, and settled in the West; Sarah, mar- 
ried Leonard Griffin, and removed to Iowa; Minerva, married a Mr. Dee, is 
deceased; and Hulda, deceased. Mr. Carter was a highly esteemed and re- 
spected citizen. He died January 9, 1850, aged seventy-one years. Oron D. 
Colver, a brother of the above mentioned Charles Colver, settled on Mill Creek 
on land now owned by James T. Mahaifey, in the spring of 1810. He married 
Clarissa MilJington, of Vermont, in 1799. They resided on the place where 
they first located till 1823, when they removed into Logan County, where he 
died August 21, 1827; his wife died April 29, 1857. Their children were 
Oron D., who died young in Vermont; Sallie, married Elisha White; she died 
in 1823; Angel. a 3, miol Israel Lockwood; Sophia, married Ira White, and 
both died in Indiana; Rhoda, married James Hawley, and died in Illinois; 
Porter, married Lavira Hawley, both died in Kansas; and Burrell, married 
Mary Lane, and resides in Kansas. 

Samuel Porter, a native of Vermont, with his family, settled on land now 
owned by William H. H. Titus, about 1817, where he resided till about 1823, 
when he removed back to his native State, where a few years after, he and 
his wife died. He was a man of untarnished character, a good neighbor and 
valuable citizen. 

James Herd, a native of Berkeley County, Va., emigrated to Clark Coun- 
ty, Ohio, while a young man, prior to the war of 1812, and there married Mar- 
garet Edgar. In March, 1817, they settled in this township, ^on land now 
owued by Henry Wheeler, being the fourth family to settle in Liberty Town- 
ship. They resided here till their death. Mrs. Herd died in 1834, and he 
died January 12, 1842, in his fifty-fourth year. Their children were Will- 
iam, who died in Missouri, unmarried; Hannah, deceased; Andrew, married 
Sarah J. Tm-ner, is deceased; Wallace, deceased; Jane, married Samuel Smith, 
is deceased; Margaret, deceased; Richard, married Miss Waggle, and now re- 
sides in Iowa, and James who married Dcsa Kaley. Mr. Herd was one of the 
most reliable citizens of Liberty Township. 

Thomas Herd, Sr., was born in Clark County, Ohio, and was a son of 
Thomas and Dorcas Herd, who moved from Berkeley County, Va., to Kentucky, 
at the close of the Revolutionary war, and in 1812 removed to Clark County, 
Ohio, where he died in 1813, and his v/ife in 1814, leaving Thomas, an in- 
fant child. He was taken by his uncle, James Herd, above mentioned, 
and raised to manhood, becoming a resident of this township with his uncle 
in 1817. He married Lydia Darrow, October 11, 1835, a native of Clinton 
County, N. Y. They settled on the farm where they still live, and have 
now made a continued residence of forty-seven years. This family was 
one of the true pioneers, and Mr. Herd still has vivid recollections of 
those days of trials and hardships; of bears, wolves, deer and other wild 
game in abundance, and the many dangers they and their stock were subject 
to from the ferocious bears and wolves, and how they had to secure their sheep 
nights in inclosures with a high fence all around; and many scenes and dan- 
gers of which the present generation have not even the faintest conception. 

Dr. Winthrop Chandler was a native of Vermont, emigrated to Ohio, and 
settled in Union Township, Union County, in 18 18; married a Miss Ham- 
mond, and about 1826 settled in Liberty Township, on Mill Creek, where he 
practiced his profession till about 1846, when he removed to Illinois, where 
he died. He was the first resident practicing physician of Liberty Township. 
It is said he was a very peculiar and eccentric man, and when any physical ex- 
ertion was necessary, he "was not around;" he had the reputation of being the 
laziest man in the community. He was accustomed to keep some old, second- 
rate horses, which were never very well fed or groomed, ana as a result, many 



LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. 385 

times became poor and weak, and sometimes would get down in tlie stable, and 
being too weak to get up, often had to be helped up. This, of course, took 
physical exertion, which was troublesome and distasteful to the Doctor, so to 
remedy the difficulty, he had a windlass arranged over the horses, and when 
they could not get up, he would attach his gearing and raise them with his 
windlass. But whether this story of his laziness and eccentricity be true or 
exaggerated, it is also true that he was a thoroughly educated man, and a reg- 
ular graduate of a medical college, a scientific doctor, and one of the best Lib- 
erty Township ever had; a man of gentility and a good citizen. 

Isaac Brake, with his wife, Rosanna, natives of Virginia, emigrated to 
Boss County, Ohio, with their family, in 1818, remaining there two years. 
In 1820, they removed to Liberty Township and settled on Mill Creek, being 
then quite advanced in years. They settled on the farm known as the Joshua 
Judy farm, where they remained till the'r death. Mrs. Brake in her latter 
years became subject to a peculiar disease, and when its attacks came on 
(they generally came suddenly) she felt a desire for water immediately, and 
that administered she obtained relief. She had observed that if she should 
some time be attacked where she could riot readily obtain water, she believed 
she would die. In that day, shooting-matches were a common and legitimate 
occurrence, and the citizens generally attended them and tried their skill to 
win the prizes. On one of these occasions Mr. Brake and family attended, it 
being near by; at an early hour, Mrs. Brake took her leave and started for 
home. Subsequently the balance of them returned home. On their arrival 
they found Mrs. Brake had not reached her home, and they supposed she had 
probably called to see one of the neighbors, and no anxiety was awakened till 
a late hour; when upon her not making her appearance, they became anxioiis 
and entered upon a search; but no tidings could be obtained of her. Dili- 
gent search was made in all directions; " horns " were blown through the woods, 
and everything done that could be devised to learn of the whereabouts of Mrs- 
Brake, but not until the next morning was any intelligence received, when she 
was found a short distance from the main road, near some water, and life was 
extinct. It is believed that, on her way home, she had been attacked by her 
disease, and had gone to that place in search of her remedy' — water — and 
while there died. This occurred about the year 1826. Mr. Brake died about 
the year 1833-34. Their children were as follows: Adam, the oldest son, 
married Eva Baughan, and resided in Liberty Township till his death, May 
15, 1870, aged seventy-six years; his wife died July 19, 1875, aged sixty-six 
years; Michael, the second son, married Polly Shirk, both are deceased; their 
children were, Aaron, Elam, John, Angeline and Mary; Sarah, the third child 
of Isaac; and Eosanna Brake, married John Shirk; Elizabeth, the fourth child, 
married Jeremiah Baughan; both are deceased. 

Mordecai Baughan. a native of South Carolina, first settled in Ross Coun- 
ty, Ohio ; thence in 1820 removed to Union County, and settled on Mill Creek, 
about three-fourths of a mile below Newton, on land now ovv'ned by John Rey- 
ner. About 1858-60, he removed to Illinois, where he died. His children were 
Jeremiah, who married Elizabeth Brake, both are deceased ; Mordecai, married 
Miss Orahood, is deceased; Madison, married Mrs. Gross, and removed to 
Illinois; Eve, married Adam Brake, both deceased, and one daughter who 
married William Gladhill. 

John Shirk, a native of Virginia, born February 3, 1 787, man-ied Sarah 
Brake August 2, 1805; she was born in Virginia January 2, 1790. In 1820, 
he emigrated to Ohio, and settled in Ross County, and two years later re- 
moved to Union County, and settled on the farm since known as the Jesse 
Judy farm. In 1832, he purchased land where the Disciples Church now 



386 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

stands. This tract of land be purchased of Judge McLean, and here resided till 
his death, about 1873. Mr. Shirk was a very large, robust man, and phy- 
sically had but few eqaals. While a resident of Vii'ginia, he was the acknowl- 
edged champion, both in physical strength and activ^ity, and there " wore the 
belt. " But he was also possessed of an unswerving character. In morals, in 
kindness and justice to all with whom he had dealings, he was excelled by 
but few. His conclusions upon right and wi'ong were drawn with great nicety 
of decision, and adhered to with great firmness in all the minutest details of 
business life. At one time in his life there was a scarcity in corn generally 
throughout this section of country, but Mr. Shirk had an abundance, and to 
spare. He had always said that the true value of corn was 25 cents per 
bushel; that it was worth that to raise it, and no more; and consequently would 
never sell his corn for any more or any less than that price. He found many 
poor people through the neighborhood who had to buy corn, and supplied them 
with what they needed at the above stated price, while at other places not 
many miles distant corn was selling at 50 cents p^r bushel. One of his neigh- 
bors who knew the market value of corn, and learned that Mr. Shirk had a 
quantity to sell, and also the price at which he was selling it, concluded he 
would enter into a speculation; he harnessed up a four horse team and drove 
over to Mr. Shirk's residence and told him he understood he had corn to sell. 
Mr. Shirk replied that he had, and the man with the team told him he would 
take all he had. Mr. Shirk replied: " You cannot have a bushel of it; you 
do not want it for your own use, and do not need it, but are trying to specu- 
late off of poor people." So he gave the man some strong moral advice, and 
sent him hotne without any corn. Thus was his kindness and generosity ever 
exhibited to the poor. At the time he concluded to make a purchase of land, 
one of his neighbors, Mr. Moore, decided also to buy; they were both poor. 
Judge McLean owned a large tract of land which they concluded they would 
endeavor jointly to purchase. The Judge would not sell to speculators; they 
desired it for their own use, upon which to make homes for themselves; so 
they concluded to go to see Judge McLean, in Ross County, and set the day 
to start on their journey. Mr. Moore had nothing but an old ragged suit of 
clothes and felt unable financially to biiy a new suit; so he borrowed a fine 
suit of his neighbor, and on the morning appointed, dressed in his tine black 
suit, he made his appearance at Mr. Shirk's ready to start on the trip. Mr. 
Shirk looked the man all over, from head to foot, then he told him to go right 
home and take oflf his fine suit and put on his old clothes or he would not go 
with him; that they were going to see the Judge in their plain old clothes, 
and tell him just their situation financially, and make no fine show of dress or 
any misrepresentation in any form. He did as Mr. Shirk directed; tbey vis- 
ited the Judge, in that plain way, with plain talk, were successful, and pur- 
chased 783 acres of land for $1,000, on easy terms, and the same land, when 
correctly surveyed, embraced 012 acres. This success was all due to Mr. 
Shirk's straighforward course, and true representation of themselves and cir- 
cumstances. And the above examples are but illustrations of the principles 
and character which made up the warp and woof of this noble pioneer's life. 
Mr. Shirk was the father of the following children: Elizabeth, who mar- 
ried Caleb Orahood; he died and she married Ezekiel Clements; she is now a 
widow again, and resides in Middletown, Champaign County, Ohio; Aaron, 
married Rosanna Tobey; she died in 1879; he now resides at York Center; 
Nancy, married Daniel Johnson; Jemima, married Abraham Grubb; he died, 
and she married William Davis, and now resides in Michigan; Henson and 
Hiram (twins), the former married Nancy Wilson, the latter a lady in North- 
ern Ohio, and subsequently removed to Iowa, where he died; Jonas, married 



LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. " 387 

Olive Harrington, is deceased; Isaac, married Jane Dillon; Iiucy, married 
Matthew Johnson; Alfred, married in Michigan, was in the war of the rebell- 
ion, and severely wounded, from the effects of which he died soon after in 
Indiana; Silas, married Sarah Stout, who died, and he married Christena 
Hamilton; John, married Millie Clemens; Sarah, married James Miller, and 
now resides in Mechanicsburg, Champaign County, Ohio; and one child that 
died in infancy. 

Jacob Humphreys, a native of North Carolina, emigi-ated with his parents 
to Logan County, Ohio, about 1821-22, where he grew to manhood and mar- 
ried Margaret Green, and about 1829 settled in Liberty Township, Union 
County, Ohio, on land now owned by Mr. Hosack; here his wife died a few 
years after, and subsequently Mr. Humphreys sold his farm, returned to Lo- 
gan County, and married Permelia Skidmore. Mr. Humphreys served in the 
war of the rebellion as Captain, and died in the army. His children by his first 
wife were Phebe Ann, Shepherd, Caroline and Sarah Jane; by his second wife 
he had several children born to them in Logan County. 

Eiisha White, a native of Vermont, settled on land now owned by Will- 
iam H. H. Titus, about 1822-23; his wife soou after died and he married 
Sarah Colver, and about 1840 removed to Indiana. Mr. White was a very 
eccentric man, unpolished in his manners, yet a good neighbor and citizen. 
His children were as follows: Ira, who married Jemima Colver, and settled 
in Indiana, where both died; Diantha, deceased; and Sarah, who married a 
Mr. Seaman and moved away. 

David Lockwood, who was born in Vei'mont, settled on land now owned by 
Mr. Thompson, north of Newton; here he resided till quite advanced in years, 
when he removed to Illinoiu; remaining there but a few years, he again re- 
turned to Union County. Subsequently he again removed to Illinois, and in 
a few years returned to this county and died. He was a farmer through life, 
a geaial neighbor and worthy citizen, and in religion a Universalist. He mar- 
ried Hannah Hand, who still survives and now resides in Leesburg Township. 
Their children were Silas, who moved to Illinois and settled; is now deceased; 
Walter, also moved West; Alonzo, married Hannah Walker; Luther, deceased; 
Mary Ann, married Stephen Hutchinson, is deceased; Sarah Ann, married 
Robert Raymond, and moved to Kansas; Emily, married C. A. Williams; 
Angeline, married Samuel Dillon, and moved to Illinois; Jane, who married 
James Wallace, and removed to Illinois; Melissa, deceased; and Lois, who 
married Henry Andrews. 

Israel Lockwood was born in New England, and married Sallie McCloud. 
He with several of his neighbors first settled in Canada, where they remained 
till the war of 1812, when they emigrated to Ohio and settled in Union Town- 
ship, this county, in 1818. In 1822-23, Mi*. Lockwood settled in Liberty Town- 
ship, on land now owned by Joseph Smart. His wife died and he married Ange* 
line Colver. On this farm he remained a resident till his death in 1848. Mr. 
Lockwood was a most worthy farmer and citizen, and a member of the Meth- 
odist Church. His widow still survives and resides in Newton, one of the old- 
est pioneers now living in this township. Their children were, Thomas Edward, 
who married Julia Safford; was killed in the war of the rebellion ; Oliver, mari-ied 
Amanda Judy and removed to Nebraska; Wesley, married Mary Ann Gray, 
she died, and he married Sarah Walker; Erastus, married Emily Baxley; 
George, married Henrietta Temple and removed to Kansas, but returned and 
is now a resident of this township; French, married Emily Dawson, and re- 
sides in Logan County, Ohio; Israel, married Amanda Woods; and Amanda 
and Minerva, unmarried, and reside with their aged mother. 

William Gladhill, a native of Virginia, settled on Mill Creek, below New- 



388 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

ton, on land now owned by John Reyner; lie married a Miss Baughan, and 
about 1850 removed to Illinois, where he resided till his death. Their chil- 
dren were as follows: Joseph, married Martha Griffin, she died, and he mar- 
ried Sarah Irwin, and subsequently moved to Illinois; Mordecai, married Je- 
rusha Clark and moved West; Jeremiah, also moved to the West; there were 
also two daughters — one died here, and the other moved West. 

Allen Rea, a native of Virginia, born December 12, 1798, emigrated with 
his father, Joseph Rea, and family, to Logan County, Ohio, in 1806, they lo- 
cating near East Liberty, where Allen grew to manhood, and in 1821 married 
Maria Bishop. In 1828, he settled in this township on land now owned by 
James Herd, where they resided the balance of their lives. Mrs. Rea died in 
1863, and he in 1870. When they located here, they commenced in the woods 
and cut the first tree ever taken from their land. Wolves and wild animals 
were all aroimd them. Theirs was the work of the true pioneer and they 
were faithful in it until death. They had the following children: Susanna, 
married Morgan Shirk; is now a widow residing at Kenton, Ohio; George M. , 
is deceased; John B , was twice married, lirst to Hannah Wickersham, and sec- 
ond, Mrs. Mary J. Rice, and now resides in Kansas; Mary J., married D. H. 
Henderson; Charlotte, married Michael Hisey, and now resides in Indiana; 
Deborah, is deceased; Margaret, married William Crowder; Joseph S., mar- 
ried Nancy Clark, and resides in Kansas; Carlisle A., married Delilah Skid- 
more, and resides in Kansas; Samantha, married A. W. Davis, and also re- 
sides in Kansas; Robert S., served in the late war, was wounded at the battle 
of Chichamauga, and died at Camp Chase from its effects; and Louisa, who 
married A. W. Davis, isdeceased. 

William Crowder, a native of Virginia, came to Champaign County, Ohio, 
where he grew to manhood and married Elizabeth Broader. In 1859, he set- 
tled in Union County, Liberty Township, cleared a farm in the midst of the 
forest, and here spent his entire life. His death occurred in 1878. 

Samuel Griffin, a native of Maryland, married Lucy Johnson and emi- 
grated to Ohio and settled in Ross County, in 1812; while residing there he 
buried his wife. Subsequently he married Mary Plily, and in 1831 became a 
resident of Union County, settling on the location where Newton now stands, 
where he remained till his death, February:17, 1841, aged sixty-iive years. He 
was a farmer, a reliable man and a respected citizen, and a member of the Chris- 
tian Church. They had the following children: Caleb, who married Martha 
Plily, both deceased; Levin, married Emily Hand; she died and he married 
Mary Cahill; Daniel, married Amelia Burson; she died, and he married So- 
phrona Chamberlin, she is also deceased; he is a minister in the Christian 
Church, in which sphere he has labored for many years; Charlotte, is deceased; 
Fanny, married John Carter, is deceased; the above were children by his first 
wife; by his second wife he had Leonard, who married Sarah Carter, and set- 
tled in Iowa; Andrew Jackson, married Nancy Parson; Samuel, married 
Rachel Wigle; Lucy, married John Hamilton, and Martha and Mary, de- 
ceased. 

David Hosack, a native of Guernsey County, Ohio, of Ii'ish descent, nar- 
ried Mary Gibson and settled in this township, on the north bank of Mill 
Creek, about 1835, and there and at his present location on the south bank of 
said stream has since resided, a period of forty-seven years. His father. John 
Hosack, and wife, Charity, settled here at the same date, and remained here 
till their death; he died in 1842 and she a few years later. David was the 
father of the following children: John. William, Nancy, James, Harrison, 
Mary Jane, Lafayette and Caroline. Mr. Hosack is a quiet, reserved man in 
his habits, a kind neighbor and good citizen. Thomas Rea, a native of Vir- 



f^m %i 




^ 
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v3SI!iW«,^'»:- ■ ' 





LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. 391 

ginia, and a brother of Allen Rea, before mentioned, settled on the same tract 
of land with his brother about 1830-31. He married Nancy Carter; residing 
here a few years, he sold his farm to Mr. Hosack and removed into Logan 
County, thence to Illinois, and linally to Iowa, where he died, September, 
1850. His children were as follows: Charles, Levi,Alonzo, Angeline, Rebecca, 
Allen and Robert, all of whom moved West, married and settled there. 

Silas Burson, a native of Virginia, married Charity Bird, and became a 
settler here, on land now owned by J. T. Mahafiy, in 1824. After several 
years' residence here, he removed to Illinois, with his family, where he remained 
till his death. Of his children, Permelia married Daniel Griffin and sub- 
sequently he settled in Illinois, but again returned to this county and re-ided 
a few years; thence removed to Greene County, where his wife died. He died 
during the war, while nursing his son. who had enlisted in the army and was 
sick and in the hospital. 

Jesse Judy, a native of Kentucky, removed to Clark County, Ohio, and 
about 1832 became a resident of this county, settling on Mill Creek, where he 
resided till his death, May 1, 1862, aged sixty-four years. His children all 
removed to the West. 

John Raymond, a native of New Hampshire, married Sallie W. , 

and settled in Liberty Township about 1831. The post office at Newton was 
named in honor of him, as he was a resident of Newton, and took an active 
part in establishing the town, and was appointed the first Postmaster of the 
office. He died April 22, 1850, aged sixty-five years; his wife died December 
6, 1860. Their childi'en were Nathaniel, married Melissa Stewart; she died 
and he married her sister, Mrs. Lucinda Crew, and now resides in Illinois; 
Wallace, married Lucinda Stewart, is ^deceased; Robert, married Sallie A. 
Lockwood, and now resides in Kansas. Mr. Itaymond was an active business 
man, a good financier and a reliable and honored citizen. 

Nathaniel Norviel, a native of Vermont, settled on land in the southern 
part of this township about 1835-36. His children were Rufus; William, 
deceased; Abraham; Seth, deceased; David Stiles; Rodney, and two daughters 
one 6t whom is deceased, and the other married ]\Ir. Sharp, of Logan 
County, Ohio. 

Littrell Ford, a native of Virginia, came to Champaign County, Ohio, 
when quite yoang, and married Irene Smith, settling in Liberty Township 
about 1829, where he resided till his death, about 1879. They had the fol- 
lowing children: Archibald; Daniel, who served through the war; William 
and Lucinda, besides two or three deceased. 

George Baxley, born in Virginia June 6, 1801, married Martha Ann 
Griffith, July 4, 1826. They settled in Union County, on Boke's Creek, about 
1840, and about 1843 traded the farm there for a grist mill on Mill Creek. 
This mill was run for more than twenty years, after which he farmed some and 
served as Postmaster for a time, and also was in the drug business atiNewton. 
Mr. Baxley died January 20, 1877. He was twice married; his first wife died 
May 19, 1861. He married for his second wife Mrs. Dillon, who still survives 
him. Mr. Baxley has immortalized himself by leaving behind him a diary, 
commencing in 1847, and continuing for nearly thirty years, containing the 
" passing events" of his family and the neighborhood generally. So thorough 
was his record, that when any neighbor desired to know the date of any event 
of the past or any particular information upon incidents of the neighborhood, 
he would refer to Mr. Baxley, who, upon examination of his record, could 
generally give the desired information. Even the extremes of temperature, 
and marriages, births and deaths, were all recorded; excessive droughts, or 
excessive floods were all noted with correctness and percision. He was a pe- 



392 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

culiar man, exhibiting many eccentricities, yet, withal, a respected citizen and 
neighbor. 

Nathaniel Stewart, a native of Saratoga County, N. Y., emigrated 
with his family to Ohio and settled in Liberty Township, west of Newton, in 
the spring of 1836. They both remained residents of this neighborhood till 
their death, and were most worthy and devoted Christian people. They were 
both constituent members of the Christian Union Church, located in Taylor 
Township, between Newton and Marysville, and remained consistent members 
till their death. Mr. Stewart died October 12, 1872; his wife August 20, 1859. 

Charles M. Brooks came from Clark County, Ohio, and settled in Union 
County, with his step-father, in 1833. He maiTied Susannah F. Bennett in 
1827. They remained residents of Liberty Township many years, but finally 
removed to North Lewisburg, Champaign County, Ohio. 

George Holloway settled in Liberty Township in 1846, and here opened 
out a home from the native forest. 

Solomon Cook settled here in 1846, and became an influential and re- 
spected citizen. He died April 8, 1879. 

Charles Smith, settled in this township in 1835, and remained a respected 
citizen till his death, October 18, 1859, aged seventy- one years. 

George Hemminger settled quite early in the southern portion of this 
township, and was a prominent and useful citizen. He and his wife, Susan, 
were among the organizers of the Otterbein United Brethren Church. Mr. 
Hemminger died January 29, 1874, aged seventy-six years. 

John Burson, settled here about 1833 ; he died October 22, 1880, aged 
seventy-six years. 

David Danforth settled about 1840, and died May 12, 1876, aged eighty- 
seven years. 

Sewell G. Hartshorn became a settler about 1836; was from the State of 
New York; he died September 18, 1874, aged seventy-tive years. 

Aaron Wheeler settled about 1836; died June 30, 1846, aged sixty-five years. 

Timothy Hutchinson located here about 1838; died November 12, 1869, 
aged eighty-five years. 

Peter Danforth settled about 1840; died January 12, 1843, aged eighty- 
two years. 

David Paul settled here about 1838; died March 21, 1861, aged seventy- 
one years. 

James Orahood became a resident here about 1835; died May 15, 1857, 
aged sixty-four years. 

The above is a record of most of the early settlers of Liberty Township. 
There are possibly a few names that have escaped our observation; if so, it has not 
been intentional on the part of the writer, but because he failed to get any knowl- 
edge of them, from the limited resources now left. Many names of residents 
of the township, especially of later dates, will be found in the list of officials 
of the township, in the history of churches, and especially in the biographical 
department of this work for Liberty Township. 

We will now give a few facts, incidents and events culled from the diary 
before mentioned, of George Baxley. May 7, 1849, David Paul's child was 
drowned in a cistern. Early in the year 1851, there was considerable agitation 
about building a railroad from Columbus to Bellefontaine. Mr. Baxley says it 
was surveyed through his farm, but predicted it would die a natiu'al death, 
and thought it would be much better to build a good gi-avel road. 

On Sunday, November 30, 1851, Barnet Bennett's only child was strangled 
to death by a kernel of meat from a hickory nut getting into the air-passages to 
the lungs. 



LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. 393 

Spiritualism. — January 14, 1852, spiritualism in full play; Mr. Baxley 
witnessed knockings at the home of Mr. Titus — David Rowland, the medium. On 
the 17th instant, he says, " people turned nearly crazy about mysterious rap- 
pings, which are all the go." On the 24th he says, " mysterious knockings still 
continue around these diggings. Some believe the devil is unloosed, and some 
believe thqt it is the spirits of the departed returned; whilst others believe it is 
animal magnetism of some kind. But all is yet dark! dark! no one as yet having 
found out the secret, or in my opinion, ever will." "February 10, mysteri- 
ous rappings all the go — the devil raised, etc." "February 18, mysterious 
rappings nearly every night; calliug for the spirits of departed friends — 
Old Elisha White, Sampson, and Old Nick, himself — who they pretend comes 
at their bidding, and who has great aversion to the Biblp, Testament and 
Hymn-book — knocking them away, off of the stand and table, while he molests 
no other book whatever." 

Extremes of Heat and Cold. — " January 20, 1852, thermometer 20° below 
zero." " June 5, 1852, heavy frost; over-coat and sitting by the fire feel com- 
fortable; thermometer, 44° above zero at sunrise; beans, cucumbers, pump- 
kins and other tender vegetables killed by fi-ost last night." " February 4, 
1856, thermometer 14° below zero." " May 31, 1856, heavy frost." " June 5, 
1859, heavy freeze, thermometer 28° above zero; ice one-eighth inch thick; 
crops cut down." " June 4, 1860, ground covered white with hail; duration of 
hail storm, ten minutes; four panes of glass broken in my dwelling house, 
and four in the mill; the course of storm from northwest; sixty-two panes of 
glass broken in Methodist Church." "January 1, 1864, thermometer 10° 
below zero." " May 2, 1864, snow two inches deep." " June 12, al-^-o 13, heavy 
frost." "February 5, 1866, thermometer 10° below zero." "February 3, 3868, 
thermometer 10° below zero." "April 10, 1868, snow five inches deep." 
"August 18, 1869, thermometer 118° above zero. " 

Great Freshets. — "January 1, 1847; another on April 14, 1859; and a 
still greater one on April 10, 1860, doing great damage; destroying property 
all along Mill Creek. " "March 31, 1865, great freshet; highest water known 
since 1837." 

Sickly Season. — "August, 1863, very sickly, flux, diarrhoea and fevers; al- 
most every family more or less afflicted, and many deaths." 

Great Temperance Crusade. — " On Christmas, 1865, twenty or more ladies 
entered a saloon kept in Newton and destroyed all liquors, decanters, glasses, 
etc. Subsequently the said ladies were arrested for riot; also twenty indict- 
ments were found against the saloon keeper; he was fined and jailed, and at 
last completely prostrated, financially, and unable to continue prosecution 
against the said ladies; but at this juncture, the wholesale liquor dealer, from 
whom he purchased his liquor, and for which he was indebted, came to the 
rescue and took up the prosecution against the ladies. Subsequently the 
ladies in the case, and numerous citizens, raised money by subscription, and 
paid ihe damages to property, and thus settled the suit." 

Pioneer. — " Jacob Orahood settled here in Liberty Township in 1823, and 
resided here thirty years on Mill Creek, moving away in April, 1850." 

GRIST MILLS, SAW MILLS, ETC. 

The first mill erected in Liberty Township was built about 1831-32, by 
Samuel Orahood. This was a grist mill run by water power, situated on Mill 
Creek, about one and one- fourth miles above where Newton now stands, on 
the Israel Lockwood farm. It was a small but good frame mill. Mr. Ora- 
hood operated the mill two or three years, when he was succeeded by G. 
Smith, who, while owner of the mill, attached a saw-mill. , In the spring of 



394 HISTORY OF UNION COUNtY. 

1843, George W. Baxley became owner of the property and continued to run 
these mills until 1856, when he rebuilt the grist-mill and ceased to run the 
saw-mill. This mill Mr. Baxley kept in repair and continued to run for more 
than twenty-five years. It was very expensive to keep up the dam and have 
everything in repair, from the fact that Mill Creek was subject to so many 
freshets, washing out the dam, and it cost many dollars to repair it; this oc- 
curred frequently. Soon after the war, Mr. Baxley having poor health and the 
mill becoming old and dilapidated, he abandoned it, and it has never been 
repaired or run since. 

Clements' Saic-MiU. — About 1833, Ransom Clements ei'ected a water-power 
saw mill on Mill Creek. This was probably the first saw-mill in the township, 
and was run about eight or ten years, when it ceased to be used; the saw mill 
above mentioned, attached to the grist mill, having supplanted it. About 
1847, Eansom Clements commenced the erection of a saw mill, about one mile 
north of Newton, on the York Center road, but before the mill was completed 
Mr. Clements was succeeded by Walter and T. E. Lockwood, who finished the 
mill and ran it for a few months, when it was destroyed by fire. Et was re- 
built by Walter and Frederick Lockwood and operated by them till 1854-55; 
they were succeeded by Wheeler & Phelps. After a few months, Milton Col- 
ver became owner of the mill, but a few years later it was again destroyed by 
fire. Mr. Colver then sold the property to David Wood, who began prepara- 
tions to rebuild it, but finally relinquished the project, and thus closed fhe 
history of this mill. 

The Thomas Grist Mill. — About 1845-46, Mr. A. Thomas erected a grist- 
mill on Mill Creek about three and one-half miles above Newton. This mill 
was run by water power about ten or twelve years and went out of use. 

Peoria Saw-Mill — Was first erected and run by a Mr. Feltner; he was 
succeeded by Barnet Bennett. 

T'annery. — About 1849, T. L. and Daniel Wiswell built a tannery about 
one mile north of Newton, near the Clements saw mill. They carried on bus- 
iness nearly two years, when Daniel retired and the tannery was continued 
in operation by T. L. Wiswell till 1861, when he was succeeded by G. J. Hill. 
In 1865, the tannery passed into the ownership of E. & F. G. Lockwood, 
who continued business till 1870, when the tanning business was discontin- 
ued, having been run over twenty years. 



In 1824 was erected the first schoolhouse in Liberty Township. This was 
a round-log cabin situated on the lower corner of what is now the Baughan 
Cemetery. But prior to this, school was held in an old unoccupied house on 
Israel Carter's farm. The first teacher was William Edgar; the next, Thomas 
Lapham. The above-mentioned schoolhouse was succeeded by a hewed- log 
house, which was built on the site of Dague & Wilson's store; and the first 
teacher here was Thomas Cheney. The next was a frame house erected on the 
lot where Mrs. Angeline Lockwood now resides; this was succeeded by a frame 
house built on the site of the present house. In 1880, the present large two- 
story frame house was erected, with two rooms and two teachers employed. 
Thus from the primitive log schoolhouse has succeeded four difierent struct- 
ures, each being a little better and more comfortable than its predecessor, un- 
til the present one is large and commodious and exhibits the interest taken by 
the people in the education of their children. A similar degree of progress is 
seen in the several neighborhoods and school districts throuofhout the town- 
ship; from the rough log cabin, they have successively risen to good, comfort- 
able frame or brick houses; and instead of benches and slab seats they now 



LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. 395 

have the most approved furniture, constructed so as to give comfort and to 
comport to the health of the children who are there to be educated and quali- 
fied for the responsible duties of life. The township is now divided into ten 
subdistricts, with the following enumeration of scholars: Subdistrict No. 
1, males, 29; females, 22; total, 51. Subdistrict No. 2, males, 23; females, 
21; total, 44. Subdistrict No. 3, males, 81; females, 29; total 60. Sub- 
district No. 4, males, 17; females,13; total,30. Subdistrict No. 5, males, 13; 
females, 17; total, 30. Subdistrict No. 6, males, 49; females, 28; total, 77. 
Subdistrict No. 7, males, 35; females, 21; total, 56. Subdistrict No. 8, 
males, 13; females, 11; total, 24. Subdistrict No. 9, males, 33; females, 24; 
total, 57. Subdistrict No. 10, males, 18; females, 14; total, 32. Total 
males, 261; females, 200; grand total, 461. 

Board of Education. — District No. 1, James Thomas; No. 2, James Herd, 
President of ihe Board; No. 3, B. R. Sudduth; No. 4, J. E. Southard; No. 
5, David Skidmore; No. 6, E. U. Argo; No. 7, Z. McElroy; No. 8, R. W. 
Bault; No. 9, M. W. Judy; No. 10, William Fry. 

REPORT OF BOARD OF EDUCATION FOR 1883. 

Balance on hand September 1, 1881 $1,279 57 

State tax 667 50 

Irreducible school funds 43 50 

Township tax for school and schoolhouse purposes 2,365 03 

Amount received from sale of bonds 580 92 

Library books 4 52 

Total receipts |4, 941 04 

EXPENDITURES. 

Whole amount paid teachers in common schools $2,696 00 

Amount paid out for sites and buildings 1,018 00 

Amount paid for fuel and other contingent expenses 800 14 

Total expenditures $4,514 14 

Balance on hand September 1, 1882 $426 90 

Number of sub school districts 10 

Number of rooms 11 

Number of teachers employed 11 

Average wages of teachers, male $41 

Average wages of teachers, female $27 

Average number of weeks the schools were in session 28 

CHURCHES. 

Methodist Episcopal Church at Newton. — This was evidently the first or- 
ganized religious body in Liberty Township. In 3819, it is believed, Elder 
J. B. Finley organized a class at the house of Israel Carter, consisting of the 
following persons: Israel Carter and wife Agnes, Levi Carter and wife Bet- 
sey, and Mrs. Polly Carter. They occasionally met as a class, and at times 
had preaching at the private houses; but there were so few of them, and the 
roads in such bad condition, that it was difficult to meet togfether, and the 
organization was abandoned. About 1826, Rev. Simms visited the neighbor- 
hood and organized a class, in the schoolhouse, consisting of the above-men- 
tioned members of the former class, together with the following persons: Adam 
Shirk and wife Anna, Mrs. Kiger, Israel Lockwood and wife Angeline, with 
some children of these families; also Polly Orahood, Jemima Carter and per- 
haps a few others. They held meetings at private houses and at the school- 
house till about 1833, at which date they erected a hewed-log house for church 
purposes, which served the people until about 1859, when the present frame 
house was erected. At the raising of the frame for this church, David Wood 



396 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

had a foot badly crushed by a falling timber, which crippled him severely. 
The church was dedicated September 30, 1859, by Elder H. E. Pilchei', and 
regular services have been held here since. Among the pastors who have ad- 
ministered to the spiritual wants of this people since its organization were 
Revs. Jones, Pryor, J. A. Brown, George Walker, Oliver Burgess, T. Herbert, 
J. S. DeKalb, Ford, Good, Joshua Longfellow, Webster, Joseph Wilkes, 
Eichard Lawrence, William Taylor, J. A. Wright, Dwight Cook, J. S. De- 
Liel, T. J. Mathews, James F. Mounts, H. J. Bigley, Samuel Boggs, John 
Bower, Taylor Jagger, Samuel Roberts, Shultz, Frank Oulds, Philip Ware- 
ham (one of the early ministers), Daniel Carter and William G. Littell; the 
latter is the present officiating minister. Class Leaders have been Charles 
Smith, who served twenty years, Charles Smith, Jr., Benjamin Glassco, Ho- 
mer Woodward, R. P. Amrine and Isaac McElroy, with Benjamin Glassco 
and R. P. Amrine as the present class leaders. Present membership is about 
thirty-nine. A good Sabbath school has been maintained for many years. 
The average attendance is probably about forty-five, with R. P. Amrine as 
Superintendent. 

Free-Will Baptist Church at Newton. — ^Is the next oldest church. It was 
organized March 28, 1826, by Elder David Dudley, at the house of James 
Herd, consisting of five persons, as follows: James Herd, Levi Carter, John 
Sharp, Jeremiah Moore and Israel Carter, who received the right hand of fel- 
lowship. James Herd was chosen Clerk. The monthly meetings were held 
for some time, alternately, at the house of Brother L. Garwood, and at East 
Liberty, until Brother Skidmore came into the vicinity, when they were held at 
his house, and then alternated between the three places. On November 1, 
1834, the church met at Liberty for monthly meetings, at which time Levi 
Garwood and James Herd were appointed Deacons in the church. At a meet 
ing of their church, October 1, 1836, at the schoolhouse in Brother Garwood's 
settlement. Brother Isaac Dotson was received into the church and at the same 
time they moved that a request be sent to the next Quarterly Meeting to license 
Brother Dotson to " improve his gift wherever God in his providence might 
cast his lot. " Also at same time moved that Brethren L. Garwood and James 
Herd be ordained Deacons in this church. At a meeting at 3 o'clock in 
the afternoon of the same day the said Brethren were set apart to the office of 
Deacons, by the laying on of hands by Elders Mead and Dudley. Also on 
the same day Brother John Monroe was chosen as Clerk. At a meeting of 
the church, December 16, 1837, at the schoolhouse in Liberty Township, after 
due deliberation, agreed to divide the church, and that the church at East 
Liberty be called the First Church. At same date, James Herd was appointed 
Clerk. At a meeting in November. 1841, Levin Grififin was appointed Clerk; 
and moved that the subscription of $15.50 for " Home Missions " be collected 
and paid to Elder Mead. On January 22, 1842, Elder Mead was appointed 
pastor of the church. December 24, 1842, Elder Harvey was appointed pas- 
tor for one year. On the fourth Saturday in July of the same year, Ara Glea- 
son wa'' appointed Deacon in the church. On the fourth Saturday of Janu- 
ary, 1844, Elder Erastus Harvey was again chosen pastor for one year; and 
again, September 14, 1845, he was appointed for one year. In December, 

1845, was held a series of meetings, during which quite a revival occnrred, 
and on the 22d of said month Elder George Baker baptized eleven persons. 
On the 30th instant, Elder David Dudley baptized six persons, and at a meet- 
ing on the fourth Saturday of said month twelve persons united with the 
church at Newton. On the fourth Saturday of July, 1846, Brothers Ara Glea- 
son and William Simmons were choseu Deacons in the church. December 31, 

1846, Elder David Dudley was chosen pastor for the year 1847; again in Jan- 



LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. 397 

uary, 1848, he was chosen pastor for that year; he also served for the year 
1849. In 1850, he moved away. April 3, 1852, Elder Higgins was chosen 
pastor for one year. Again in April, 1853, he was chosen for another year; 
and also served in 1854 and 1855. In 1856, Elder Colyer was employed as 
pastor, and continued as such till 1866. B. F. Zell became pastor in 1867, 
and remained till 1877 inclusive. He was succeeded by Elder Abraham H. 
Whitaker in the summer of 1878, and remained for four years. His services 
ended in the fall of 1882, oince when the church has had no regular pastor. 
In 1852-58, this chvirch and the Christian Church united their efforts and com- 
menced the erection of a church building. It was several years before it was 
fully completed, but in the spring of 1858 the house was dedicated and has 
served the two societies to the present date. The present membersliip of the 
church is about twenty-two, with William Figley as Deacon. A flourishing 
Sunday school is conducted, averaging about seventy-fivescholars, with Charles 
Lockwood as Superintendent, and Harry Williams, Assistant. 

Disciples^ Church, on Mill Creek, was organized by Rev. D. H. Hathaway, 
in the winter of 1838, with the following constituent members: Andrew Hen- 
derson and wife Sarah, James Henderson and wife Elizabeth, Charles Burr 
and wife Mary, Jonathan Bennington and wife, and daughter Margaret, Rob- 
ert Ramsey and wife, John Ramsey and wife, A. H. Thompson and wife Har- 
riet, Joseph Phifer and wife Charity, and Rev. D. H. Hathaway and wife 
Rachel, and probably a few others, with Andrew Henderson and Charles Burr 
as Elders; James Henderson and Isaiah Bay as Deacons. The organization was 
completed in the schoolhouse near where the church now stands. They con- 
tinued to hold meetings in private houses and in the schoolhouses till about 
1847, when they erected a hewed-log building about 28x24 feet for church 
purposes, which was duly dedicated by Rev. Jacob Reed. This house served 
the people till the building of the present one, in 1859, at a cost of 11,200, 
and the same was dedicated January 29, 1860, by Huston January, since 
which time they have had preaching once every month to the present, and 
social meetings on every Sabbath day. The following pastors have adminis- 
tered to this society since its organization: Revs. D. H. Hathaway. Arthur 
Criffield, William Dowling, Sr. , John Ferguson, Jesse Ferguson, Jacob Reed, 
George McCaul, John Reed, Mr. Lieurance, David Mitchell, Joshua Antrim, 
Michael Riddle, William Pinkerton, Mr. Peterman, A. J. Clark, John Stanard, 
J. J. Moss, George Morse, Alonzo Skidmore, and Rev. M. C. Gallier. The 
present membership is about 100 with Daniel Skidmore, Lemuel Ballinger, D. 
H. Henderson, James Henderson and Isaac Shirk as Elders; and Thomas 
Garwood, D. S. Argo and George Holloway as Deacons. A good Sabbath 
school is held here, which was organized here twenty-five years ago or more, 
and has been continued through the summer seasons to the present time. 

Otterbien United Brethren Church. — This church is located in the south- 
western part of the township, near Flat Branch, and was organized about 1849 
by Rev. F. B. Hendricks, who formed a class at the schoolhouse, consisting 
of the following persons: Zachariah McElroy and wife Catharine, George 
Hemmiuger and wife Susan, Thomas Clark and wife Polly, John Stokes and 
wife, Littrell Foi'd and wife Irena, and probably a few others. Services were 
held in the schoolhouse till about 1857, when they erected a frame house for 
church purposes, and the same was duly dedicated to sacred use. Services 
continued to be held here regularly till about 1876, when the house became so 
out of repair that it was no longer a suitable place in which to hold meetings, 
and the membership has dwindled away by death and removals, till now there 
are only two members, Rev. D. Zeigler and wife, and their membership is 
held in the Darby Church in Allen Township. For those who served as pas- 



398 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

tors of this church, see Darby Church, as services were supplied at the two 
places by the same ministers. The following persons served as Class Leaders: 
Thomas Clark, Stephen Cranston, Cyrus Fetty, A. P. Hemminger, James 
Carnston and Zachariah McElroy. 

Christian Church at Newton. — September 30, 1850, the following persons 
organized themselves into a chiirch under the appellation of " The Christian 
Church at Newton," taking the Bible as their only rule of faith and practice, 
viz. : Nathaniel Stewart, Hezekiah Stewart, Theodorus Green, Eliza Green, 
Jenette Robb, Jonathan Wickersham, Hannah Wickersham, Fannie Carter, 
Levin Griffin, Melissa Raymond, Mary Henderson, Permelia Griffin, Jacob 
Meyers, Catharine Myers, Abraham Stiner, William Reynolds, Mary Griffin, 
James Neal and Ann Wickersham. The minister who officiated on this occa- 
sion was Elder Daniel Long. Their regular church meeting to be held on the 
Saturday before the third Sabbath in each month at 1 o'clock in the afternoon. 
Of^tober 4, 1850, a meeting was held for the election of officers, at which time 
R. H. Hutchinson was chosen Clerk, and Nathaniel Stewart, Deacon. On the 
third Saturday in September, 1851, Jacob Myers was elected Clerk. Elder 
Beard was the minister at this meeting; also discourses were delivered by 
Elders Herd and Griffin, in October, Elder Wilson in December, and Elder 
Bowersmith, in January, Elder Long, in February, 1852; April 25, by Elder 
Knight, on the third Sunday in3Iay, by Elder Robinson; and on April 10, 
1858, by Elder Brina. April 11, 1858, the church building, spoken of in the 
history of the Free- Will Baptist Chui'ch as erected by the united elforts of the 
two chiu'ches, was dedicated, the following ministers present: Elder Baker 
(Baptist), Elder Knight (Christian), Elder Heath (Baptist) and Elder Griffin 
(Christian), Brother Outland (BajDtist) 'and Elder Brina (Christian). 
The dedicatory sermon was preached by Elder Knight. A series of 
meetings was held for five days, and a large nxunber united with 
the church and received the ordinance of baptism. October 9, 1858, 
C. A. Williams was elected Clerk. Elder Knight served as pastor 
in 1858. October 8, 1859, P. Manchester was elected Clerk. Elder Knight 
was again employed as pastor in 1859; also in 1860. April 12, 1862, Edwin 
Cranston was elected Clerk. June 13, 1862, L. R. Carter was elected Clerk. 
October 17, 1868, D. H. Harrington was elected Clerk. January 19, 1877, A. 
H. Lyon was elected Clerk, and also in 1878. Since the organization of the 
church, the following pastors have served this people: Elders Daniel Long, 
Josiah Knight, Daniel Griffin, C. T. Emmons, Hutchinson, William Webb, 
W'inget, Lyons, Halverstot, and C. A. W^illiams. The present membership is 
about sixty-five; present pastor, Elder Humphreys. Deacons are J. T. Ma- 
haffey and Charles Tobe}-, and the present Clerk, David Harrington. 

CEMETERIES. 

Baughan Cemetery was the first burial place in the township; it is lo- 
cated on the Marysville Pike, about midway between Newton and Peoria It 
was taken otf from the farm of Mordecai Baughan, for a burial ground, 
about 1822, and was dedicated to its use by the reception of the body of a 
child of William Gladhill; the second to be buried here was Mrs. Colver, wife 
of Charles Colver; and the third was Charles Colver. About 1868, this ceme- 
tery was enlarged by an addition from the fiarm of Orlando AVells, and about 
the same time the Town.ship Trustees took charge of it, and have since kept it 
fenced and in repair. 

Neivton Cemetery, located a little northeast of the village of Newton, was 
set apart for burial purposes about 1850-51, from the farm of David Paul, 
and first received the bodies of Lyman Bodkin and a son of Solomon Cook, 





Vr^C>^Z^U^ (/C^^^^Z^^^^ 






LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. 401 

and has since been open for the reception of the dead. About one year ago 
the Township Trustees assumed superintendence of the grounds and are keep- 
ing up repairs in general. The above are the principal cemeteries of the 
township. South of Newton on the Clark farm is the private burial place of 
theClax'k family; it is on the land now owned by J. W. Lockwood. Also at 
the Disciple Church is a private cemetery which belongs to the church; and 
a little further down the creek, situated on the north side of Mill Creek, is an 
old private cemetery; these are now but little used. 

ROADS AND PIKES. 

This township, like all the others in Union County, is well supplied with 
good gravel roads. The first to be built was the Marysville & Newton, 8| 
miles, built in 1871, at a cost of $23,673.50. The Marysville & Belief ontaine, 
8^ miles, at a cost of $26,122. The Newton & Bellefontaine, 4 miles, cost 
7,968.25; the last two were built in 1874. The Broadway & Newton, built 
in 1876, at a cost of $5,315.26; this was 2| miles in length. Since the build- 
ing of the above, several pikes have been constructed, and at this time others 
are being built, which when completed will give the township many miles of 
gravel roads, all the principal lines of road being transformed into good 
pikes or gravel roads. The township has one railroad. New York, Pennsyl- 
vania & Ohio, which was completed and the first train passed over the road in 
the spring of 1864. This road passes through the southwest portion of the 
township in a northeast and southwest course, having a station at the village of 
Peoria. This is a great convenience, furnishing the citizens with a good 
shipping point for their grain and stock. 



There are two villages in the township, Newton and Peoria. The former 
was surveyed for David Paul and laid off into lots and streets, August 25, 
1838. The lots are all five poles in front and eight poles back, excepting Lots 
No. 1, 18, 19, 25. Lots No. 1 and 25 are but three poles and twelve links 
in front, and eight poles back; Lot No. 18 is five poles in front, on Marysville 
street, and four poles in back; Lot No. 19 is five poles in front, on Marysville 
street, and six poles back: the lines of Lots No. 18 and 19 running S. 46 W. ; 
the lines of all the other lots run N. 51 W. and N. 39 E. and their opposites. 
At the northwest corner of Lot No. 13 is a stone planted, and at the southwest 
corner of Lot No 8, both stones are on the margin of Marysville street, all of 
which is represented on the recorded plat. March 6, 185-, surveyed 
by A. F. Wilkins, for David Paul, an addition to the town of 
Newton, beginning at the south end of Marysville street, laying off 
on the west side of said street five lots, with five poles front, and 
eight poles back, to east lot, with an alley of one pole in width be 
tween No. 25 and No. 26. and No. 27 and No. 28, with an alley on the back 
two poles wide; course of the lots on Marysville street, S. 51° E.', and course 
back S. 39^ W. ; amount contained in said additional lots, alleys and streets 
is two acres and four poles; and amount contained in each lot is one-fourth 
of an acre. The first house was a frame, erected by Hezekiah Davis, on the 
corner now owned by James Wood. John Raymond ke]3t the first hotel. The 
first store was opened by Edward Inskeep, who was succeeded by Hezekiah 
Davis and David Harrington, located on the James Wood corner: this was 
about 1838, near the time of the layiag-out of the town. William Boggs was 
the first blacksmith. First physician was Dr. Winthrop Chandler; he was suc- 
ceeded by Dr. Core, then Dr. Marcus, Dr. Blair, Dr. Southard, Dr. Burkham 

22 



402 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

and Dr. Stokes. The post office was established about 1842, with John Ray- 
mond as Postmaster; he was succeeded by S. W. Atkinson, Nathaniel Ray- 
mond, Anson Darrow, J. J. Wallace, Nathaniel Raymond, G. W. Baxley. P. 
A. Graves, J. W. McElroy. W. M. Milligan, R. P.' Amrine, W. M. Milligan 
and G. T. Lockwood, the present incumbent. 

Present Business. — Two general stores, Dague & AVilson andC. W. Case; 
one drug store, by Dr. Wright; one hotel, by E. Wells; two blacksmith and 
wagon shops, by Ham & Quinn and Moffitt & Hinton; one photograph gal- 
lery and furniture store, by S. U. Argo; one boot and shoe shop, by D. K. 
Anthony; one harness shop, by E. Lockwood; two physicians, Dr. J. Q. 
Southard and Dr. J. Wright; one two- story frame schoolhouse, with two rooms, 
in which are emjiloyed two teachers; and two church edifices, with thi'ee de- 
nominations — Methodist Episcopal, Free- Will Baptist and Christian; the last 
two occupy one church building. The town contains by the last census, 175 
people. It appears by the records in Marysville, that, on about the same loca- 
tion where Newton now stands, was surveyed and laid off into streets and al- 
leys a town to be known as "Kingsville" as follows: "On September 26, 
1834, was surveyed into lots and alleys for Samuel King a certain tract of land 
as described on the records at Marysville, the same to be known by the name 
of Kingsville, Union County, Ohio; Levi Phelps, surveyor, and the same duly 
acknowledged on October 4, 1834. before Samuel B. Johnson, Justice of the 
Peace." Recorded October 24, 1834, But we gain no further information 
concerning this town, and the probability is that no building occurred and 
that four years later Newton was laid out and superseded it. 

Peoria. — " I hereby certify that on the 20th day of May, 1870, I made a 
survey of the town of Peoria in the township of Liberty, and in the county 
of Union, for Joseph K. Richey, as described and platted upon the record at 
Marysville, containing, exclusive of the railroad land, 9| acres. 

'*B. A. Fay, Surveyor.'''' 

The same being duly executed and acknowledged before W. M. Robinson, 
a Justice of the Peace. 

Addition. — "I hereby certify that in September, 1872, I made a survey 
and plat of an addition to the town of Peoria, in the township of Liberty, in 
the county of Union, in the State ot Ohio, for Robert D. Finley, as duly de- 
scribed and platted on the record at Marysville, F. J. Sager, Surveyor." The 
same being duly executed and acknowledged before George W. Baxley, a No- 
tary Public, October 4, 1872, and recorded in October, 1872. Hiram Raney, 
Recorder. Robert Finley opened the first store; George Wesley was the first 
blacksmith; Robert Finley was appointed first Postmaster. Messrs. Woods 
& Richey erected a warehouse. The village now contains about seventy-five 
persons, with one general store, by Gosnell Brothers; one blacksmith, Samuel 
Sterling; one warehouse, by Rogers & Thompson; and one saw mill. The 
New York, Pennsylvania & Ohio Railroad passes through the town. This is 
the only railroad station and shipping point in the township. 

SECRET SOCIETIES. 

Newton Lodge, No. 249, F. & A. M., was instituted October 19, 1854, 
with the following charter members: W. H. Robb, P. Manchester, C. Wink- 
ler, Milton Colver, Nathaniel Stewart, James R. Smith, James W. Brooks, 
Smith Brown, T. L. AViswell and G. W. Baxley; with officers as follorws: W. 
H. Robb, W. M.; P. Manchester, S. W, ; C. Winkler, J. W. Present member- 
ship, thirty- three. Present officers are: S. S. Drake, W. M. ; E. Lockwood, 
S. W. ; Almond Johnson, J. W. ; N. G. Dillon, Treasurer; C. F. Smith, Sec- 
retary; T. A. Redding, S. D., and G. H. Reeder, J. D. 



LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. 403 

OFFICIALS OF LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. 

We lind the early records of this township are lost or destroyed; the rec- 
ords that are now in their possession only run back to 1863. The tii-st elec- 
tion for State and county officers was held October 8, 1822; Charles Colver, 
Josiah Davis and James Herd were Judges; Elisha White and Israel Lock- 
wood, Clerks. The number of votes polled at this election was ten, resulting 
as follows: Jeremiah Morrow, 10 for Governor; Joseph Vance, 10 for Repre- 
sentative in Congress; Henry Bi-own, 10 for Senator; Nicholas Hathaway, 10 
for Repx'esentative in State Legislature; Nathaniel Kazer, 5, Harvey Hovey, 3, 
and John Reed, 2, for Sheriff; James Comer, 7, for Coroner; Anson Howard. 7, 
andHem-y Sager,l, for Commissioner; Clark Proven, 7, and Alexander Robin- 
son, 1, fur Auditor. In 1880, the township polled 372 votes. 

TRUSTEES. 

]863, L. S. Norviell, C. M. Brooks and T. E. Brown; 1864, J. H. Thomas, 
Thomas E. Bowen and C M. Brooks; 1865, D. H. Henderson, John Harts- 
horn and T. E. Brown; 1866, James Crauston, Israel Carter and George Hal- 
loway; 1867, James Cranston, Stephen Shirk and George Holloway; 1868, 

D. H. Henderson, Stephen Shirk and A. P. Hemminger; 1869, D. H. 
Henderson, James Cranston and Stephen Shirk; 1870, Stephen Shirk, 
Charles Tobey and R. W. Bault: 1871, Charles Toby, James T. Mahafifey and 
R. W. Bault; 1872, R. W. Bault, D. H. Henderson and John Hartshorn; 1873, 

E. Lockwood, Stephen Shirk and James Herd; 1874, James Herd, Erastus 
Lockwood; 1875, D. H. Henderson, N. G. Dillon and John Hartshorn; 1876, 

D. H. Henderson, N. G. Dillon and J. J. Miller; 1877, A. H. Dean, D. K. 
Anthony and James Hei'd; 1878, A. H. Dean, D. K. Anthony and E.Tallman; 
1879, W. Milligan, D. H. Henderson and Alexander Gibson; 1880-81, W. Mil- 
ligan, George Holloway and J. R. Hubbard; 1882, John Reyner, N. G. Dil- 
lon and J. E. Southard. 

CLERKS. 

1863-73, A. A. Hutchinson; 1874, L. F. Strickland; 1875, A. A. Hutch- 
inson; 1876, George W. Baxlev; 1877, J. C. Lockwood; 1878, D. li. Thomas; 
1879-80, J. H. Lockwood; 1881-82, H. Dague. 

TREASURERS. 

1863-64, Josiah Knight; 1865-66, S. M. Hewett; 1867, T. L. Wiswell; 
1868-70, James T. Mahaffey; 1871, James Henderson; 1872, James T. Mahafifey; 
1873-82, Stephen Cranston. 

CONSTABLES. 

.' 1863, Job Dillon and A. Lockwood; 1864, Job Dillon and Abisha Warner; 
1865-66, A. Warner and Levin Griffin; 1867, A. Warner and C. F. Sparks; 
1868-69, A. Warner and Levin Griffin; 1870, A. Warner and Job Dillon; 
1871, A. Warner and E. Hammond; 1872, N. G. Dillon and A. J. Griffin; 
1873, John Reid and Irwin Turner; 1874. Levi Hill and Irwin Turner; 1875, 
A. E. Myers and L. Griffin; 1876, A. E. Mvers and and A. Phelps; 1877, A. 

E. Myers and W. P. Miller; 1878, A. E. Myers and John Dasher; 1879, L. 
McElroy and D. A. Lockwood; 1880, ,N. G. Dillon and D. A. Lockwood; 
1881, L. McElroy and J. E. McElrony;' 1882, L. McElroy and John Darling. 

JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. 

1823-38, William Gladhill; 1838-53, Joshua Judy; 1838, James Herd; 
1841-47, E. W. Inskeep; 1842-48, David Danforth; 1846, William Norviell; 



404 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

1847-53, Miles H. Wadham; 1849-70, David Norviell; 1852, F. E. Hender- 
son- 1858, Samuel Turner; 1853, Bonnet Bennett; 1854, R. L. Judy; 1856- 
62, William M. Baughan; 1857, Samuel Turner; 1860-69, T. L. Wiswell; 
1867, T. E. Bowen; 1868, S. W. Atkinson; 1868, A. P. Hemminger; 1871-73, 
James Herd; 1871-74, James T. Maliaffey; 1877. S. W. Atkinson; 1880, John 
Lyon. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKIiTCIIE.S. 

ISAAC CONNOR (deceased) was born in North of Ireland June 24, 1823. He was a son 
of .John and Mary Connor, who were also natives of Ireland. In 1850, he came to the United 
States and spent three years in New York City ; then came to Licking County, Ohio, where he 
resided till I860, at which time he came to Liberty Township and bought a farm of 104 acres. 
April 25, 1863, he was married to Miss Mai-y, daughter of David and Sarah (Lloyd) Price, who 
were natives of Wales, and came across the water in 1842, settling in Licking County. Mrs. 
Connor was born in Montgomeryshire, Wales, July 6, 1838. One son was born to this union — 
John E., born March 6, 1864. Mr. Connor died November 28, 1870. He was a member of the 
Episcopal Church, and a man of honor and uprightness. Mrs. Connor has but one sister — 
Sarah, wife of Joseph P. Evans. Her only brother, Richard Price, died in L'cking County in 
February, 1871. 

SOLOMON COOK (deceased). The subject of this memoir was born in Columbiana County, 
Ohio, February 22, 1813. His father, Michael Cook, was a native of Virginia, and removed to 
Columbiana County prior to the war of 1812. Mr. Cook was reared to manhood in his native 
place. In 1846, he came to Liberty Township and purchased 100 acres of woodland. He 
cleared and well improved the farm before his death, and was a successful agriculturist. He 
was the first man to introduce Spanish merino sheep in the county, and was successfully engaged 
in their culture till his death. He was one of the leading fine sheep men of the county. In 
1839, he was married to Miss Anna, daughter of Morgan Wellington, who bore him seven chil- 
dren — Uriah and Malinda J., wife of C. P. Morse; Margaret, Perry, Osborn, Martin and Wel- 
lington are deceased. Margaret was the wife of George Henry, and Perry married Eliza (^aby. 
Mrs. Cook departed this life in November, 1864, and October — , 1865, Mr. Cook was married to 
Mrs. Catharine M. Forry, widow of Abram Forry. They had three children by this union — 
Ellsworth, Myrtie M. and Ida 13. Mr. Cook died April 8, 1879, after a life of uprightness and 
usefulness. Uriah Cook was reared on the old homestead. September 26, 1867, he was mar- 
ried to Martha M., daughter of Charles and Mary J. Tobey, by whom he had three children — 
Archie T., Fred. \V. and Harry S. Mrs. Cook was born in Liberty Township, June 20, 1849. 
Mr. Cook removed to his present location in 1876, and here followed farming and stock-raising. 
He is engaged in keeping thoroughbred Spanish merino sheep, which he exhibited at the Ohio 
and Indiana State fairs. His stock won fourteen premiums at the Indiana fair. Mr. Cook owns 
103^ acres of land. 

STEPHEN CRANSTON, Sr , retired, P. 0. Raymond, an old pioneer of Union County, was 
born in Providence, Rtiode Island, October 1, 1793. His parents, John and Phebe A. 
(Edwards) Cronston, were natives of Pihode Island, and came to Champaign County, Ohio, in 
1815. Mrs. Cranston died in Rhode Island in 1805, and Mr. Cranston in 1824. The subject of 
this sketch was married July 25, 1819, to Esther, daughter of Ezekiel and Susanna Hammond. 
Mrs. Cranston was born in Connecticut, January 1, 1802. Nine children were the fruits 
of this union ; of these, they reared nine to maturity, and seven are living at the present 
time, viz., George A., John D., Melissa, wife of W. Gideon, James, Julius, Stephen, Jr., and 
E Iwin. Mr. and .Mrs. (Jranston came to Union County when all was woods, and thvy were 
obliged to follow an unbroken path of " blazed trees." The Indians were numerous, and wild 
game plenty. Mr. and Mrs. Cranston are one of the oldest married couples in Union County. 
They trod the rough road of pioneer life together, and by industry and energy have made "for 
themselves large and valuable property, at one time owning over 800 acres of land, which they 
have given their children. Mr. and Mrs. Crans'on are members of the Christian Church, and 
honored and esteemed pioneers of the county. Stephen Cranston, .Jr., was born in Cham- 
paign County -May 18, 1836. He came to Union County with his parents when a boy, 
and was reared to manhood on the farm, receiving his education in the common schools. 
In June, 1866, he made a purchase of forty-two acres of his present farm. He m'ide subse- 
quent additions to the original purchase, till his farm now contains something over 3()() acres 
of well-improved and highly cultivated land. Mr. Cranston was first married February 17, 
1857, to Sabrina, daughter of Loin and Emily Griffin. She died December 18, 1858, and 
August 30, 1860, Mr. Cranston was again married, this time to Miss Jane E., daughter ( f Alex- 
ander and Abigail Rogers, the former a native of Somerset County, Penn , and the latter of 
Rutland County, Yt. Mrs. Cranston was born September 15, 1835. Three children were born 
to bless this marriage, viz., Emma E., born December 17, 1863 ; Ormel A., born March Ki, 1868; 
and Esther M., born December 15. 1869. Mr. Cranston lias been engnged as contractor on pikes 
for a term of years, and has aided in the construction of Newton ^^ Mar^-sville, Newton & 



LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. 405 

North Lewisburg and Newfon & Crowder gravel roads. He pursues farming and rearing 
stock as Ills occupation. He is now serving his tenth term as Township Treasurer. Politically, 
he is a Republican. 

WILLIAM CROWDER, farmer, P. 0. Raymond, a native of Champaign County, was born 
March 30, 1823. His parents, John and Elizabeth Crowder, were born near Petersburg, 
Va. Their parents were natives of Virginia, and removed to Champaign County, Ohio, the 
year before the war of 1812. His father was a soldier in that war. He resided in Cham- 
paign County till 1852, at which time he removed to Van Buren County, Iowa. In 18fi7, he re- 
turned, and died in November, 1878. His wife died in September, 1853. William is the fourth 
of a family of fourteen children. He was reared on a farm till of age, when he engaged to 
work by the year, and employed himself in that way seven years at wages from !?100 to $130 
per year. In 1846, he bought 100 acres of land, for which he paid $303, and in 1851 purchased 
fifty acres of his present farm. He now owns eighty acres of land, besides 120 acres in Allen 
Township. All was in woods when he settled on it, and has cleared and improved it to its pres- 
ent condition. October 10, 1851, he was joined in marriage with Miss L. Herd, who bore him 
four children, viz., John P., William W., Phebe J., wife of Osander Parrish, and Charles C. 
Mi's. Crowder died October 18, 1860, and March 14, 1861, Mr. C. was married to Margaret, 
daughter of Allen and Maria Rea. Mrs. Crowder was born in Liberty Township May 19, 
1833. Six daughters were born to this union — Debbie R., Maria E., wife of Thomas Johnson, 
Minnie M., Cora A., Mary M. and Lucetta. Mr. and Mrs. Crowder are members of the Disci- 
ples of Christ. Mr. Crowder owns 200 acres of land, and pursues the avocation of farming 
and stock-raising. Politically, he is a Republican. 

R. D. FINLEY, farmer, P. 0. Peoria, was born in Westmoreland County, Penn., October 
22, 1835. He is a son of James V. and Elizabeth Finley, natives of Westmoreland and Wash- 
ington Counties, Penn. They removed to Allen Township, Union County, in 1842. The sub- 
ject of this sketch is the fourth son of a family of ten children. He was reared to manhood on 
a farm. August 5, 1862, he volunteered his services in Company K, Ninety-sixth Regiment 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was engaged in the following battles : Chickasaw Bluifs, siege 
of Vicksburg, siege of Jackson, Forts Morgan, Gaines, Spanish and Blakely, and Carrion Crow 
Bayou, where a man on each side of him was killed. He was honorably discharged at Camp 
Chase, Ohio, July, 1865. In 1870, Mr. Finley engaged merchandising in Peoria, and followed 
it successfully till 1881, and has since turned his attention to rearing short-horned cattle. His 
marriage occurred January 2, 1868, with Miss jMary, daughter of Samuel and Nancy Turner. 
One son, James F., was born to this union. His birth occurred January 4, 1869. Mr. Finley 
is identified with the Masonic order, and Grand Army of the Republic. He was instrumental 
in establishing the post office at Peoria, and served as Postmaster eight years. 

JASPER N. GOSNI^LL, merchant, Peoria, a native of Licking County, Ohio, was born July 
26, 1843. He is a son of Abraham and Margaret (Armstrong) Gosnell, natives of Huntingdon 
County, Penn. They wei-e married in Licking County, Ohio, and came to Taylor Township, 
Union County, in 1858. They were the parents of ten children, of whom seven are living, viz., 
Ruth, wife of Nathaniel Armstrong; Mary M., wife of W. A. McCarney; Jasper N., George 
W., Franklin D., Fletcher C. and John A. Mr. Gosnell died May 12, 1859. Jasper was reared 
on a ftirm and educated in the common schools, and Mai-ysville Union Schools. August 6, 1862, 
he enlisted in Company K, Ninety-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He served in the 
Army of the Mississippi and Gulf, and fought at Chickasaw Bluffs, Arkansas Post, siege of 
Vicksburg, Jackson, Grand Cateau and Sabine Cross Roads, where he received a gunshot 
wound in his right thigh, which disabled him from all further duty. He was discharged De- 
cember 12, 1864, at Camp Chase, Ohio. As a compensation for his disability sustained in the 
service, he gets a pension of §16 per month. In 1870, he engaged in mercantile trade in Taylor 
Township, and in 1880 removed his business to Peoria, where he enjoys a good trade. March 
29, 1869, he was married to Amanda 0., daughter of Benjamin and Margaret Hartrura, by whom 
he has had three children — Nettie F., Howard B. and Ottie J. Mr. Gosnell is a member of 
the I. 0. 0. F., and in politics is a Republican. 

NELSON HARRINGTON, farmer, was t)orn m Providence County, Rhode Island, December 
28, 1802, and is ason of Anthooy and Elizabeth (Rice) Harrington, of the above State. He 
(Anihdny) was a son of John Harrington, a native of Rhode Island, and his father, Nathaniel, 
was born in England, aad accompanied the second colony that came to this country. John 
served as an officer in the Revolutionary war. In 1817, the subject of this sketch came with 
his parents to this county. His father died in 1867, agel eighty-six years, and his mother in 
1870, at the age of eighty-seven years. Our subject was married July 8, 1830, to Hannah, 
daughter of John and Rachel (Proctor) Kiger. Mrs. K. was a niece of Gen. Proctor, of Revo- 
lutionary fame. She died February 29,1876; she was born April 17, 1811; three children 
were born to her and her husband, two of whom are living, viz., Joseph W., born May 15, 1831, 
and David H., born February 15, 1843. The latter enlisted May 2, 1864, in company D, One 
Hundred and Thirty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was on garrison duty till his dis- 
charge September 3, 1864. October 15, 1879, he was married to Cassie, daughter of James and 
Rachel Millikin, by whom he has had one child, deceased. Mrs. H. was born in Madison Coun- 



406 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

ty, Ohio, November 8, 184G. He owns 200 acres of well-improved laml; he is a member of the 
Christian Church. In politics, he is a Republican. 

CAPT. D. H. HENDERSON, farmer, P. 0. Raymond, was born in Lewis County, Ky., Au- 
gust 22, 1827. He is a son of James and Elizabeth (Truesdale) Henderson, who were natives 
of Lewis County, Ky. Ilia fa'her was born September 23, 1801 ; and his mother November 2, 
1800. His grandparents were Andrew and .Jane Henderson, the former a native of Maryland, 
and the latter of Ireland; her parents emigrated to America before the Revolutionary war. An- 
drew was employed as a teimster at Valley Forge, the scene of the sufferiuirs of the American 
soldiers. He removed to Lewis County, Ky., in 1792, and died May 14, 1834, at the age of sev- 
enty-seven. James, the father of our subject, is the youngest of seven children. He came to 
Union County, and settled in Liberty Township. He purchased 160 acres of land three miles 
east of Newton, and resided on it till February, 1877, when he removed with his son, D. H., to 
Newton. He married Elizabeth Truesdale, who bore him two children — the subject of this 
sketch, and Abigail, who is deceased. She was born May 12, 1824, and died in May, 1854. 
Mrs. Henderson died September 7, 1807. The subject of this notice was reared to manhood on 
a fiirm, and educated in the common school-i. August, 18G2, he enlisted in Company A, One 
Hundred and Twenty-first Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was elected First Lieutenant, 
and served in this capacity till March, 1863, when he was promoted to the rank of Captain, and 
assigned to Company K, of the same regiment. He was first engaged in the battle of Perryville, 
Ky., and afterward led his company at Chickamauga (where eight of them were killed and fif- 
teen wounded), Chattanooga, Resaca, and in all the engagements on the Atlanta campaign. He 
was wounded in the left, arm at .Jonesboro, and, after spending a furlough at home, he joined the 
forces in Tennessee, and commanded a regiment in the battle of Nashville, where his command 
was one of the first to make the attack. The Captain was severely wounded in the elbow of his 
right iirm, which confined him to the hospital at Nashville for some time. He served with honor 
and distinction, and was discharged February 17, 1865. He then returned home, and resumed 
farming and stock-raising, which he has since followed. October 10, 1850, he was married lo 
Miss Mary J. Rea, a daughter of Allen and Mai-iah Rea. Mrs. Henderson was born in Logan 
County, Ohio, October 10, 1827. The C ipt. and Mrs. Henderson are consistent members of the 
Christian Church. Capt. H. is identified with the Masonic fraternity, and in politics is of Re- 
publican principle. He served as a member of the Board of Townsliip Trustees twenty years, 
and also filled various other local offices. He owns a farm of 180 acres, and for the last thirty 
years has devoted his attention to breeding and raising Spanish merino sheep. 

THOMAS HERD, farmer, P. O. Peoria, one of the oldest pioneers of Liberty Town- 
ship, was born in Harmony Township, Clark Co., Ohio, March 4, 1813. He is a son of Thomas 
and Dorcas (Morris) Herd. His father was a native of Berkeley County, Va. He enlisted in 
the Revolutionary war when fifteen years old, with four brothers — Benjamin, Stephen, Lewis 
and Wallace — and served till the close of that memorable war. He was at Valley Forge and 
Brandywine, the latter place where Wallace was killed. After the Revolution, Benjamin, 
Stephen and Lewis removed to Massachusetts. Thomas settled in Fayette County, Ky., and in 
1812 removed to Llark County, Ohio, where he died in J.anuary, 1813, and Mrs. Herd the fol- 
lowing year, leaving eight children, six of whom are now living — John; Mary, widow of Samuel 
Sparks; Lewis; Ann, wife of Levi Harkadine ; Elizabeth, wife of Edward Robbins ; and Thomas, 
the subject of this sketch. James and William are deceased. James was a private in the war 
of 1812. Thomas, the subject of this notice, was reared on a farm till he was fourteen years of 
age, when he began and served an apprenticeship at tanning in Urbana. He worked at journey- 
work a few months, then went to ("hillicothe, thence to Marion, where he worked for Associate 
Judge J.ames, subsequently a member of the Ohio Legislature. In 1818, Mr. Herd came to the 
county and remained till 1826. In 1833, he came to Liberty Township, and after working one 
year on the White farm, bought 100 acres, which was all in woods except four acres. He cleared 
a site, and erected a house the same year. Mr. Herd is one of the industrious, hard-toiling men 
of the county, and his labors have been abundantly rewarded. He entered the stage of Ufa an 
orphan boy, but by energy and perseverance he accumulated 672 acres of land, most of which 
he cleared and improved himself. He made a division among his children, and now owns but 
400 acres. October 11, 1835, he was married to Miss Lydia, daughter of James and Sarah S. 
Darrow, and a native of Clinton County, N. Y., where she was born December 11, 1807. Four 
sons and one daughter were born to them, viz., Olive C, born November 19, 1836, wife of John 
Reed: James D., born May 14, 1840; Hiram D., born October 11, 1842, married Minerva 
Glasscock ; William H., born February 11, 1845, married Phebe A. Benton; and John Q., born 
May 4, 1849, and married Dora Barlow. Mr. Herd has always followed agriculture and rearing 
Spanish merino sheep, Durham cattle, French horses, and Poland-China hogs. In fine stock 
pursuits he has achieved a marked success. James D. Herd, the eldest son, was reared on the 
farm, and educated in the public scnools of Marysville and Urbana. In 1871, he was elected 
Justice of the Peace, and has since filled that office. September 23, 1877, he was appointed a 
member of the Board of Examiners of the county, and still retains the position. He has been 
a teacher since 1859. John Q. Herd, the youngest son, was born and reared on the old home- 
stead. He was educated in the common schools, and the Ohio Wesleyan University, of Delaware. 



LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. 407 

When seventeen years of age, he engaged in the profession of teaching, and followed it, winters, 
fourteen years. October 12, 1870, he married Isadora A., daughter of Lawrence and Margaret 
Barlow. Mrs. Herd was born in Plain City January 28, 1853. Of eight children by this 
union, four sons are living — Charles S., A. Glen, Nelson and Monod. 

THOMAS HERD, farmer, P. 0. Peoria, was born in Clark County, Ohio, April 30, 1826. 
He is a son of William and Cinderilla (Munson) Herd, the former a native of Maryland, and the 
latter of New York. His father was born April 28, 1793, and his mother March 12, 1793. 
They were married in Clark County, Ohio, February 26, 1822, and in 1832 came and settled in 
Liberty Township, where Mr. Herd located 130 acres of land. He afterwai-d located on 120 
acres near the village of Newton. He died September 19, 1853, and his widow February 18, 
1860. They were the parents of seven children, five of whom are now living, viz., William W.; 
James ; Lue, wife of Levi Warner; Lydia D., wife of H. N. Ayers, and Thomas. Mary J. 
and Margaret lived to womanhood. The subject of this sketch was reared principally in Union 
County, and educated in the district schools. His marriage occurred June 27, 1852, with Miss 
Ruth, daughter of Samuel and Nancy Turner. Mrs. Herd was born in Clark County, Ohio, 
December 25, 1831. Their married life was blessed witJi ten children; of these nine are 
living, viz., Cassius M., married Ella E. Westlake, Charles F., Walter W., Josie, wife of J. D. 
White, James G., Henry W., Minnie M., Gay T. and Harry. Mary J. died aged nine years. 
Mr. Herd moved on this farm with his father, and has since occupied it. He owns 152 acres of 
land, and is engaged in agriculture and stock-raising. 

JAMES HERD, farmer, P. Raymond, a prominent farmer of Liberty Township, was 
born near Newton May 24, 1832. He is a son of James and Margaret (Edger) Herd, who were 
married in Clark County, Ohio, and removed to Liberty Township soon after the late war with 
Great Britain. They settled one-fourth mile east of Newton, where Mr. Herd purchased 201 
acres of woodland, paying $1.25 per acre. The township was then in its primitive state, and 
was inhabited with Indians and wild game. Mr. Herd was an energetic, industrious man, and 
devoted most of his life to felling the forest and improving the land. He cleared up most of 
his farm, and made subsequent additions till he owned over 300 acres at his death. He was a 
man of more than ordinary business capacity, and was several times elected Commissioner. He 
served as Justice of the Peace eight years, and Township Trustee a number of terms. His po- 
litical principles were originally Whig, but became an avowed Abolitionist. His death occurred 
in March, 1843. He was an active member of the Free-AVill Baptist Church many years. His 
marriage with Margaret Edger was blest with nine children, two of whom are living — Richard, 
who was born November 15,1829, married Miss Ellen Weigel, and now resides in Butler County, 
Iowa; James, the subject of this sketch, is the youngest. He was reared and brought up on the 
homestead, and educated in the common schools of Liberty Township. He has always resided 
in Liberty, except from 1865 to 1867, which time he spent at Waterloo, Iowa, in the grain busi- 
ness. In 1867, he returned to Union County, and located on the farm he now occupies. Feb- 
ruary 27, 1856, he was united in marriage with Miss Lucy, daughter of Chambers and Docey 
Caley. Mrs. Herd was born in England November 25, 1835. This union was blessed with 
twelve children, of whom ten are living, viz.: Emma A. (a teacher), William H., Ida E. (a 
teacher), Charles S., Fay E., Flora, Frank A., Cora B., J. Bry and an infant son. Mr. Herd 
owns a farm of 500 acres, and is engaged in agriculture and stock-raising, making a special 
pursuit in rearing Spanish merino sheep. Mr. Herd has been active in local politics. In 1878, 
he was a candidate for Representative on the Democratic ticket. He was Land Appraiser of 
Liberty Township in 1871, and member of the Board of Trustees four years. 

HENRY F. JACKSON, farmer, P. 0. Peoria, was born in Lincoln County, Me., January 
20, 1842. His parents, William and Hannah (Melvin) Jackson, were also natives of Maine. 
His father was born January 12, 1812, and his mother August 28, 1807. They were married 
and came to Licking County, Ohio, in 1845, and, in 1850, came to Liberty Township. Henry 
passed his early life on the farm and received his training in the common schools. August 8, 
1862, he enlisted in Company K, Ninety-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He fought 
at Perryville, Chickamauga, Mission Fridge, and in all the engagements on the Atlanta campaign 
from Rossville to Atlanta, and also in all the conflicts on the march to the sea, and including 
Bentonville, N. C. He served with distinction, and was honorably discharged .June 18, 1865, while 
serving as Corporal. He came home, and September 23, 1865, was married to Miss (Jhristina, 
daughter of John A. and Lois R. Welch. Mrs. Jackson, a native of Licking County, was born 
December 21, 1845. Of the children born to this union the following are living : Owen G., 
born December 9, 1867 ; Edwin C, born February 13, 1874, and Minnie L., born May 21, 1882 ; 
Lois M., born August 26, 1866, and died August 24, 1867. Mr. Jackson moved to his farm in 
1869, and has since occupied it, and been engaged in farming and stock-raising. He owns a 
farm of 112J acres, besides thirty-one acres in Taylor Township. He and wife are both mem- 
bers of the Christian Church. In politics, he is of Republican principle. 

SAMUEL S. JEWELL, farmer, P. 0. Peoria, a native of Wayne County, Ohio, was born 
June 10, 1818. He is a son of Abram J. and Abigail C. (Jones) Jewell, the former a native of 
New Jersey, and the latter of Pennsylvania. His father was born in 1781, and his mother 
October 13, 1783. They were married in Pennsylvania, and removed to Wayne County, 



408 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Ohio, soon after the war of 1812. He was a soldier iu the late war with Great 
Britain, and died leaving a widow and nine children — Catharine, Thomas, Lydia, John, 
Mary, Hannah, Samuel S., Sarah A. and Johnson. Mrs. Jewell removed to Knox County in 
1825-26, and, in 1838, to Logan County, thence to Union, where she died November 1, 1858. 
She married for her second husband Tuttle Axtell, of Knox County. Samuel, the subject of 
this sketch, grew to his majority on a farm. In 1839, he came to Richwood and worked by the 
month till 1850, when he bought a small farm near the County Infiraary. In 18ti6, he located 
on the farm he now owns and occupies. He was married, December 10, 1846, to Roxana A., 
daughter of Josiah and Defrata (Luce) Kelsey. Mrs. Jewell was born in Champaign County 
February 9, 1836. Eight children were born to this union — Lydia L. (wife of T. L. Mullen), 
Huldah J. (wife of A. W. Turner), John, Charles, Jennie, Mary E. (wife of S. H. Rosette), 
George and Samuel A. In 1863, Mr. Jewell was elected County Treasurer, and re-elected in 
1873. He was again chosen to that office in 1875. He served as Trustee of Paris and Liberty 
one year each, and filled various other local offices. He owns 186 acres of land, and is engaged 
In the avocation of farming and stock-raising. 

BALDWIN JOHNSON, farmer, P. O. Peoria, a native of Frederick County, W. Va., was 
born August 9, 1810. He is a son ot .Joseph and Sarah (Bonard) Johnson, the former a native 
of Pennsylvania and the latter of Old Virginia. His paternal grandparents emigrated from En- 
gland to the United States about the time of the French and Indian war. His father died in 
Frederick County, W. Va., about the year 1814 of the "cold plague," leaving a widow and 
eleven children. In 1820, Mrs. Johnson retnoveil to Pickaway County, Ohio, where she died in 
October, 1847. Baldwin remained on a farm till he was sixteen, then entered the employ of 
Benjamin Masters, proprietor of Fitch House, Chillicothe, and continued with him seven years. 
He worked on the Scioto canal and on the farm four years. In the fall of 1853, he came to this 
township and located on the farm be now occupies, which he had purchased in 1850. The 
whole farm was woodland and Mr. Johnson first cleared a site for a house. His farm now con- 
tains 114 acres, which he cleared and improved himself. His marriage took place February 11, 
1836, to Miss Margaret, daughter of George and Catharine Riichey. Mrs. Johnson was born in 
New York City October 11, 1809. They were blest with six children, of whom four are living, 
viz.: William A., John, David C. and Clinton. Noble and Jesse are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. 
Johnson have been identified with the Christian Church for twenty years. 

JOHN W. LOCKWOOD, farmer, P. 0. Raymond, a native of Liberty Township, was born 
November 20, 1826. He is a son of Israel and Angeline (Culver) Lockwood, natives of Connecti- 
cut and Vermont. His grandparents on his father's side came to the county during the war of 
1812. His maternal grandparents, Datur and Clara Culver, were among the early settlers of 
the county. John is the third son. He was reared on a farm and educated in the common 
schools. When of age, he engaged working by the month for a time. He worked one summer 
in the woolen mills at Urbana, and has since followed farming. He was man-ied December 18, 
1850, to Mary A., daughter of David Gray. She died January 5, 1866, leaving one child — Eliz- 
abeth E., born September 8, 1857. Mr. Lockwood was again married January 10, 1867, to 
Sarah P., daughter of John and Elizabeth (Pierce) Walker, by whom he has had three children, 
viz.: Willis A., born July 21, 1869; Carl P., born January 21, 1872 ; and Arthur W., born 
July 24, 1880. Mrs. Lockwood was born in Stark County, Ohio, October 22, 1843. Mr. Lock- 
wood owns a farm of 192 acres, and is engaged in farming and rearing stock. 

REV. JOHN LYON, minister, Broadway, was born in Union County, N. J., March 17, 1818. 
He is a son of Amos and Charily (Harrison) Lyon, who were natives of New England. His 
father was born in 1775, and his mother in 1776, and both were of English origin. Mr. Lyon 
had two brothers who were soldiers in the war of 1812, and were imprisoned by the British in 
New York City. Our subject's father died in 1823, and two years later ]\Irs. Lyon sold the 
homestead and removed to Licking County, Ohio, where she died February 21. 1858. Our sub- 
ject is the youngest often children, four of whom are living, viz.: Nancy, wife of .John Wilson ; 
Joseph B., Caleb and John. The subject of this notice grew to manhood on a farm, and was 
educated in MartinsDurg Academy and .Meadville schools of I\Ieadville, Penn. He engaged in 
teaching, which he followed five years. In 1840, he entered the ministry of the Christian Church 
at Utica, Licking County, where he resided till 1853, and moved to Logan County. He had 
charge of a church at Ridgway, till April, 1867, when .he went to Woodstock, remaining there 
till he came to Newton in April, 1868; since that date he has farmed except the years 1873-74, 
when he had charge of the Christian Church of Newton. Rev. Lyon has been a member of the 
Ohio Central Christian Conference twenty-two years; and eight years a member of the Mt. 
Vernon Conference, of which he was Secretary till 1854, when he resigned. March 3, 1851, he 
was joined in the bonds of matrimony with Miss Achsah, daughter of Samuel H. and Nancy 
Rockhill, who bore him five children, viz.: Amos H.; Fiances E., wife of Homer W. Woodard ; 
Eliza A., wife of Harry Williams; and Jennie I., AnnE., died in infancy. Mr. Lyon is serv- 
ing in the capacity of Justice of the Peace, and in politics is Prohibition. He owns a farm of 
104 acres. 

JAMES T. MAHAFFEY, farmer, P. 0. Raymontl, ex-member of the Board of County 
Commissioners, was born near Mount Vernon, Knox County, Ohio, April 4, 1827. He is a son 




-^^. 




O'^^KJiy^ljfy 



LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. 411 

of Alexander and Nancy (McCain) MahafFey, natives of Maryland and Harrison County, Ohio, 
respectively, and a <fraadson of Alexander, Sr,, and Margaret Mahaffey, who were ovvner:^ of 
slaves. They liberated them when they removed to Pennsylvania, and, in 1830, migrated to 
Richland County, Ohio, where they both died. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. Mr. Ma- 
haffey's maternal grandfather, James W. McCabe, was also a soldier in the war of 181:i. Mr. 
M.'s father removed to Knox County in 1825, and, in 1842, came to Union County. They 
removed to Tazewell County, 111., in 1852. Mr. M. died in January, 1872, and his wife in 
November, 1868. James is the third of a family of seven children. He was reared on his 
father's farm, and educated in the schools of his native place. His early life was spent in 
clearing up his father's farm. He bought 107 acres in Jerome Township, to which he afterward 
added thirty acres. In 1864, he sold this farm, and, in October of the same year, came to Lib- 
erty Township, where he now owns a farm of 308 acres. He has followed farming and stock- 
raising successfully, devoting especial attention to keeping fine stock. February 9, 1847, he 
was married to Matilda, daughter of Alexander Kent, and grand-daughter of John Kent, one of 
the earliest settlers of Jerome Township. Mrs. MahafFey was born in Champaign County April 
11, 1827, and died August 25, 1855, leaving three children — Louisa (wife of Ed. L. Williams), 
Margaret A. (wife of Festus Edwards, of Reed City, Mich.), and James W., of B^halia. Mr. 
Mahaffey celebrated his second marriage January 31, 1856, with Maria, daughter of Curtis and 
Elizabeth McCloud, and a native of Madison County, Ohio, where she was born March 8, 
1827. This union was blest with five children, four of whom are now living — Nancy E. (wife 
of George C. Edwards, John W. (married Alice Lockwood), Alexander C. (married Olive B. 
Donley), and Flora M. at home. Riley, the eldest, is deceased. Mr. Mahaifey and wife are 
members of the Christian Church. Mr. M. is Deacon and Trustee of the church. He is a 
member of the Masonic fraternity, and in politics is a Republican. He was six times Treasurer 
of Liberty Township, and Justice of the Peace two terms. In 1878, he was elected a member 
of the Board of County Commissioners, and served during the partial erection of the new 
court house. 

JESSE MARIS, farmer, P. O. West Mansfield, a prominent Spanish merino sheep breeder, 
was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, August 6, 1826. He is a son of Joseph and Ann (Wick- 
ersham) Maris, who were natives of Chester County, Penn. Mr. Maris was reared on a farm 
till seventeen years of age, when he learned the shoe-maker's trade, which he followed in his 
native county ten years. In 1846, he went to West Middleburgh, Logan County, where he con- 
tinued at his trade till 1849, and came to Union County and bought 100 acres of land. March 
30, 1849, Mr. Maris joined himself in marriage with Miss Rachel J. Chesher, a daughter of 
John and Julia Chesher. Mrs. Maris died in May, 1855, leaving three children — Joseph G., 
Sylvester and William P. Mr. Maris celebrated his second marriage in June, 1857, with Mrs. 
Elizabeth Stanley, widow of Simon Stanley, and daughter of Nathaniel and Marg-iret Davis. 
Five children were born to this marriage ; of these four are living — Lydia, James D., George 
E. and Charles P. Mrs. Maris departed this life June 10, 1879, and April 29, 1881. Mr. M. 
married Miss Rebecca E. Gordon, a native of Champaign County, and a daughter of John and 
Elizabeth Gordon. Mrs. Maris was born in August, 1837. Mr. Maris owns a farm of 143 
acres, and is engaged in farming and rearing thoroughbred Spanish merino sheep and French 
horses. He has about sixty head of registered sheep, and is a regular exhibitor at the Union 
County Fairs and Mechauicsburg Fair. He is one of the oldest fine sheep men in the county. 
In 1864, Mr. Maris was a member of Company D, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Regiment 
Ohio National Guards, and served his term on garrison duty. 

HENRY MORSE, farmer, P. 0. Raymond, a native of Windham County, Vt., born October 13, 
1825. His parents, Charles P. and Sarah (Knight) Morse, were respectively natives of Worcester 
County, Mass., and Windham County, Vt. They were married January 16, 1821, and in 1833 emi- 
grated to Loraine County, Ohio, and in 1836 to Ashland County. The subsequent year they came 
to Claibourne Township, Union Co., and located on land which forms the present site of Richvvood. 
He bought land to the number of 300 acres in Claibourne Township. In 1841, he removed to 
Marysville, where he carried on a dairy till 1848, and removed to North Lewisburg, and was 
engaged in farming, except one year he superintended a cheese factory at Homer, till 1854, 
when he came to this township and purchased a farm of 333 acres. He died .June 20, 1871. 
He was an Elder and member of the Church of Christ for thirty-five years. He was once a 
member of the Vermont Legislature. Henry was brought up on a fixrm. He taught school a 
number of years, and was successful in the profession. His sister, Elvira, taught thirty-three 
terms, mostly in this county. She married Huston January, and died January 1, 1871. When 
of age, Mr. Morse made a trip to Nnuvoo and Carthage, 111., but remained a short time. He 
returned and resumed farming, which he has since followed. March 18, 1851, he was married 
to Miss Martha, daughter of James and Catharine January. Mrs. Morse was born in Marys- 
ville, April 15, 1830. To them was born one child — Mary, born January 2, 1852. She mar- 
ried Diavid Skidmore April 28, 1870, and has one child — Henry M. Mr. Skidmore was born in 
Logan County, Ohio, June 8, 1847. Mr. and Mrs. Morse are members of the Church of Christ. 
Mr. M. has been prominently connected with that church for forty-three years. He owns a 
farm of 227 acres, and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. 



412 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

LEVI REA, farmer, a prominent pioneer of Liberty Townsliip, was born in Logan County, 
Ohio, June 5, 1815. He is a son of Isaac and Elizabeth (Dickinson) Ilea, who removed from 
West Virginia to Logan County, Ohio, in 1808, and settled near East Liberty, subsequently re- 
moving to Jeiferson Township where Mr. Rea bought 460 acres of land. The Indians and wild 
animals were numerous, and many were the difficulties which this pioneer encountered and 
passed through. Mr. Rea was twice called into service during the war of 1812. He was a 
poor man in his earlier life, but by his untiring energy and industry accumulated a great deal 
of property, and at his death in Januiry, 1845, was one of the wealthiest men in Logan County. 
He left eleven children by his first and two by his last wife. Levi' is the fifth child by his first 
wife. He was reared on the old homestead and received his education in the schools, which 
were held in log cabins. He was often associated with the Indian boys, and indulged with them 
in their hilarious amusements. In 1842, he removed to Liberty Township and purchased 100 
acres of his large and well improved farm. But seven acres of this purchase had been cleared. 
He cleared it up from its original condition, and raaJe additions to it till his farm now contains 
500 acres of land. From his fourteenth year till of age, he hail charge of his father's farm, and 
conducted it successfully through these years. All of Mr. Rea's present property is the fruit of 
his own labor and management, he having embarked in life a poor man and made all that he 
possesses by his own exertions. His marriage occurred February 28, 1839, with Lydia, 
daughter of James and Mary Newman, and a native of Sussex County, N. J., where she was 
born October 14, 1812. To them were born seven children, of whom two are living, viz.: Da- 
vid A., born July 15, 1846, married Mary J. Glascoe ; and Gertrude, born October 3, 1848, 
wife of James O. Thomas. Mary E., William F., Ruth E., James H. and Jehiel Q. are de- 
ceased. Mr. Rea and wife are members of the Church of Christ. 

DAVID A. REA, farmer, P. 0. Raymond, only living son of Levi and Lydia Rea, was born 
on the home farm in Liberty Township, July 15, 1846. He remained at home till November 
24, 1863, when he enlisted in Company I, One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiment Ohio Vol- 
unteer Infantry. He served under Gen. Sherman, and participated in the following battles : 
Tunnel Hill, Resaca, Rome, Kenesaw Mountain, Jonesboro, Atlanta and all the engagements 
on the Atlanta campaign and " march to the sea," including Savannah. He was afterward en- 
gaged at Bentonville and Goldsboro, N. C, after which he marched to Washington, D. C. He 
was honorably discharged July 17, 1865. He returned home and was a member of the firm of 
Sterling & Rea, merchants of Newton for a time, then resumed farming which he has since fol- 
lowed. In 1878, he took possession of the farm he now occupies. He was married November 
5, 1868, to Mary J., daughter of Benjamin and Lydia Glascoe. Mrs. Rea was born in Clark 
County, Ohio, December 15, 1844. One daughter was born to this union — Lydia, born 
September 17, 1869. Mr. and Mrs. Rea are associated with the Disciples Church. Politically 
he is a Piepublican. He owns a farm of 100 acres, and is engaged in rearing short-horned cat- 
tle, Spanish merino sheep and Poland-China hogs. 

DAVID REYNER, farmer, P. 0. Raymond, an old pioneer of Union County, whose por- 
trait is given in this work, was born near Philadelphia, Penn., September 4, 1803. He is a 
son of John and Mary Reyner, natives of Pennsylvania. His father served in the war of 1812, 
and died in 1819. His mother died in 1814. David is the youngest of six children. He was 
reared on a farm till sixteen, when he took up the wagon-maker's trade near Philadelphia, 
where he worked six years. In 1834, he came to Columbiana County, Ohio, and the subse- 
quent year to Liberty Township, Union County, where he purchased a farm of seventy-five 
acres. Of this but ten acres had been cleared. Mr. Reyner cleared and well improved his 
land and made an addition till the homestead contains 108 acres. He also owns eighty-three 
acres in another part of the township, besides fifty-nine and one-half acres in York Township, 
making him in all 250 acres. In 1825, Mr. Reyner was married to Miss Eliza, daughter of 
Mathias and Elizabeth Mann. This union was blest with six children, four of whom are now 
living — John, Sarah A., wife of Isaac N. Skidmore ; Theodore and Vianna. John served in the 
late war in defense of our country. Mrs. Reytier was born near Philadelphia, Penn., February 

14, 1799, and departed this life March 15, 1879. Mr. Reyner is one of the few surviving pio- 
neer settlers of Union County. He came within its borders when the greater part was in woods, 
and with his own hand aided in making many of the first improvements of his township. 

WILLIAM RHOADS, farmer, P. 0. Raymond, was born in Westmoreland County, Penn., 
December 5, 1810, and is a son of Jacob and Mary .M. (Yale) Rhoads of Backs County, Penn.; his 
father was born December 21, 1776, and his mother November 11, 1779. They were married 
in their native State, and removed to Muskingum County, Ohio, in 1814, where they resided 
till 1840, at which time they located in Delaware County, Ohio, where both died. They were 
parents of eleven children, five of whom are living. He was a stone-mason by trade, and late 
in life followed farming and milling. Our subject was married February 28, 1833, to Margaret 
M., daughter of John and Mary Irwin, who born him six children, viz.: Walter W., born 
August 15, 1835; Orville J., born December 23, 1837, and died in Andersonville Prison, August 

15, 1864 ; Jacob McKendree, born January 29, 1840, and died May 13, 1876; Horatio J., born 
January 19, 1842; Cassius Y., born June 19, 1844; and Marion F., born September 8, 1846. 
AValter W., Orville J., Jacob and Horatio J. were soldiers during the late war. Mr. Rhoads 



LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. 413 

located in this county in 1873. He owns 121 acres of well improved land. He and wife are 
members of the Presbyterian Church, to which they have belonged for forty-eight years. 

D.\NIEL SHIRK, farmer, P. 0. Peoria, eldest son of Adam and Anna (Dox) Shirk, was 
born in L herty Township, August 8, ]8"i5. He was reared on a fai'm and educated in the dis- 
trict schools. His early life was spent in helping his father clear and improve the old home- 
stead. He had charge of the fixrm from 1846 to 1850, then started out for himself. In 1856, he 
bought fifty-six and a half acres, his present farm, which was all in woods. He cleared a place 
and erected a log cabin in which he lived till 1870, when he erected a frame residence. October 
12, 1847, he was married to Miss Sarah D., daughter of Adam and Eve Brake, by whom he has 
had ten children, eight of whom are living, viz.: Samantha, wife of Franklin Turner; Julia A., 
•wife of Franklin Walford ; Matilda, wife of Joseph Uonohoe ; Sarah E., wife of Jesse Wigle ; 
John W., married Dillie Jenkins; Charles W., Daniel E., and Alneta. Mary M. and Elzada are 
deceased. Mrs. Shirk was born in Liberty Township August 5, 1830. Mr. and Mrs. Shirk 
are earnest members of !he Christian Church. Politically, he is a Republican. 

STEPHEN SHIRK, farmer, P. Peoria, was born in Liberty Township October 21, 1826. 
He is a son of Adam and Anna (Dox) Shirk, natives of Har.ly County, W. Va. His father was 
born October 22, 1791, and his mother August 5, 1796; they were married January 26, 1817, 
and in 1820 removed and settled in Fairfield County, Ohio. In 1822, they came to Union 
County, locating in Liberty Township, on the farm now owned by Mrs. Mary Connor, and in 
October, 1829, removed to Taylor Township, where he died July 29, 1876. He was a soldier in 
the war of 1812, and during his life was an active worker in the Christian Church. Mrs. Shirk 
died April 25, 1859, and Mr. Shirk again married June 8, 1860, to Mrs. Charity Mann, who 
died September 25, 1873. Stephen is the second son and seventh child of sixteen children ; he was 
reared on a farm and received his education in the common schools. May 2, 1864, he enlisted 
in Company D, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Regiment Ohio National Guards, and was dis- 
charged September 5, 1864, at the expiration of term of service. He settled on his farm in 
1852, tirst purchasing fi'ty-six acres, and subsequently adding thirty-two acres; he also owns 
forty-six acres in York Township. He has always followed farming till within the last two 
years, during which time has been constructing pikes. His marriage with Miss Mary, daugh- 
ter of Adam and Eve Brake, occurred August 10, 1848. Mrs. Shirk was born in Liberty Town- 
ship February 17, 1827, twelve children were born to this marriage; of them ten are living — 
Emily, wife of Benjamin Hisey ; Amanda, wife of Orsamus Poling; William H.; Angelia, wife of 
Charles Holycross ; Lewis F., Viola, Charles L., Mary E., Rhoda and Cora. Cornelius and 
Josiah W. are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Shirk are members of the Christian Church. Mr. 
Shirk has been a minister in that denomination for eighteen years. For three years he had 
charge of Hildreth's Chapel as pastor. He was Trustee of Liberty Township for ten years. 
Politically, he is a Republican. 

HENRY SHIRK, farmer, P. 0. Peoria, was born in Taylor Township August 22, 1828, 
and raised on a farm half a mile southeast of where he now resides. About 1848, he purchased 
his present farm of sixty acres, to which he has added eighty-five acres, and in addition he owns 
ninety-two acres in Liberty Township. On March 24, I860, he married Elizabeth Myers at New- 
ton, this county; she was born in Union County, Dover Township, August 5, 1838, and is a 
daughter of Jacob and Catharine (Sliner) Myers, the former a native of Licking County and 
the latter of Madison County. Mr. and Mrs. Shirk have had six children, viz.: Marion M., 
born November 20, 1860; Delia, born March 3, 1862, wife of John Keckley, Jisie,born July 23, 
1863; Owen, born December 17, 1866; Alva, born January 31, 1870; and Homer, born October 
21, 1875. Mr. Shirk is a Republican in politics. His wife is a member of Union Christian 
- Church. His parents were Adam and Anna (Dox) Shirk, the former a native of Virginia, who 
died in 1876, aged over fourscore years. His wife died in 1859, aged about sixty years. They 
came to Ohio about 1820, and had a large family, of whom five boys and three girls survive. 
ISAAC N. SKIDMORE, farmer, P. 0. Raymond, son of Joseph and Rebecca (Goward) 
Skidmore, was born in Logan County, Ohio, August 19, 1828. He is the third child of a family 
of six children. He was reared to manhood in his native place, and ed^icated in the common 
district schools. His early life he spent with his uncle, Jacob U. Skidmore, in clearing up the 
farm. December 28, 1850, he was married to Sarah A., daughter of David and Eliza Reyner. 
Mrs. Skidmore was born near Philadelphia, Penn., March 18, 1828. Of four children by this 
marriage, three are living — David M , born April 21, 1853 ; Edwin A., born March 9, 1857, and 
Edward S., born March 19, 1861 ; Ann E., born October 26, 1851, and died May 7, 1856. Mr. 
Skidmore resided in Logan County till 1854, when he removed to his farm in York Township. 
He cleared up his farm, which contains sixty-eight and one-half acres in York Township, 
and in 1879 took charge of his faiher-in-law s farm. He and wife are meaabers of the 
Baptist Church. 

J. Q. SOUTHARD, M. D., physician, P. 0. Raymond, was born in Licking County, Ohio, No- 
vember 28, 1829. He is a son of Isaiah and Elizabeth Southard, the former a native of Wash- 
ington County, Penn., and the latter of Baltimore, Md. His father was born April 21, 1801, 
and his mother in 1807. His grandfather, Abraham Southard, was born at Bosking Ridge, 
Somerset County, N. J., and removed to Washington County, Penn., where he married Eliza- 



414 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

beth Hull, a sister to Capt. Hull, who was murdered by the Indians on the Ohio River, an 
incident mentioned of in United States history. Mr. Southard removed to Licking County, 
Ohio, in 1805. James Parnell, the maternal grandfather of Dr. Southard, was born in Mary- 
land, and married Adeline Stockdale. In 1809, he removed to Licking County. His father 
was born in the North of Ireland, and came to America before the Revolutionary war. Sam- 
uel L. and Henry Southard, cousins to Abraham Southard, were men prominent in political 
life. Henry was United States Senator a term of years. Isaiah and Elizabeth Southard were 
the parents of six children, five of whom are now living, viz.: James ^I , M. D., of Marysville; 
J. Q., M. D., Newton; Anna M., wife of Uly.sses Hall, Newark, Ohio; Milton I., graduated 
from Dennison University, Granville, in 18(51 ; read law and acted as Prosecuting Attoruey of 
Muskingum County from 1867 to 1873; member of Congress of Thirteenth District, 1873 to 
1879, and now a member of the law firm of Ewing & Southard, New York City ; Frank H. grad- 
uated from the Ohio Wesleyan University in 18H4, and is a member of the firm of Southard & 
Southard, attorneys of Zanesville, and is one of the leading lawyers of the State. Dr. South- 
ard, the subject of this sketch, was reared to manhood on a farm, and received his literary 
education in the common schools. When eighteen years of age, he engaged in teaching, which 
he followed four years. In 1851, he began reading medicine, and after pursuing his studies 
one and a half years, he attended the Cleveland Medical College, graduating in March, 1855. 
He then located at Frazeysburg, and in 1857 he came and established himself at Newton, where 
he has been uninterruptedly engaged in the practice of his profession ever since. Dr. South- 
ard came to Newton with but $40 in money, but by close application to his profession, has ac- 
quired a large and successful practice. He is a member of the Masonic Lodge and Chapter, 
and is connected with the County and State Medical Associations. He owns, besides his tuwn 
property in Newton, about a section of well-improved land. In November, 1861, He was mar- 
ried to Miss Lucinda M., daughter of Theodore and Eliza (Stuart) Green, by whom he has had 
five children, three of whom are living — Frank S., Homer and Harry G. Henry B. and Otto 
M. are deceased. Mrs. Southard's maternal grandfather, Nathaniel Stuart, was the only son of 
Capt. Joseph Stuart, an officer in the Revolutionary war. He was born in New York, and of 
Scotch ancestry. Nathaniel Stewart was born in New York December 11, 1786. He married 
Keziah Toby, and in 1836, with a family of twelve children, emigrated to Union County. Mr. 
Stewart died October 12, 1872. Mrs. Southard's father, Theodore Green, was born in New York 
January 26, 1797, and married Eliza Stuart, who was born June 3, 1811. Mr. Green departed 
this life in October, 1875. 



CHAPTER VIII. 



LEESBURG TOWNSHIP. 

LEESBURG TOWNSHIP occupies a position in the eastern part of Union 
County. It is bounded on the east by Delaware County; on the north is 
Claibourne Township; on the west by Taylor, jind on the south by Dover and 
Paris. Its outlines are broken, owing to the irregular manner in which the 
original surveys were made, whose bounds the township lines follow. 

The topography of the township does not differ from that of the remainder of 
the county. The surface is level, and somewhat low. It is drained mainly by 
Boke's Creek, Blues Creek and Grassy Kun. The first-mentioned stream 
enters the township across the northern part of the western line, and pursues 
a winding, easterly course, passing into Delaware County. Blue's Creek 
crosses the southwestern corner of the township, in a southeasterly direction. 
Grassy Run rises in the southern part of the township, and flows south. The 
highest land is along the borders of the streams, and the first settlements were 
formed here. Away from the streams, the land was regarded as too Ioav and 
wet for cultivation, and it was believed by the first comers that many years 
must elapse befoi'e settlers would attempt to farm it. Since it has been cleared 
and drained, however, it has proved to be the best land in the township. 
During the last few years, tiling has been laid very extensively, and the in- 
crease in productiveness thus obtained has amply repaid the cost of drainage. 
The soil is clayey throughout, with a slight admixture of sand in places. 



LEESBURG TOWNSHIP, 415 

The swale lands have a surface soil of black clay, underlaid with a substratum 
of blue clay. Springs are not abundant, but the water found is of excellent 
quality, and some are strongly impregnated with minerals. A thrifty growth 
of timber covered the 'township when the first settlers came, and considerable 
underbrush was found. On the creek bottoms, white and black walnut grew 
profusely; on the uplands were beech, sugar, hickory, white oak, white ash, 
burr oak, red oak, red elm and other varieties; and in the , swale lands black 
ash, hickory, maple, elm, burr oak and other types prevailed. 

ORGANIZATION AND ELECTIONS. 

Leesburg was the sevtmth township organized in Union County. The 
date of its erection was 1825. The records of the County Commissioners do 
not contain its exact date, nor the original boundaries, which, however, in- 
cluded the territory now embraced within Claibourne and Jackson Town- 
ships. 

The first election was held October 11, 1825, at which there were ten 
voters — Robert Cotrell, Culwell Williamson, Henry Swartz, Samuel Gardner, 
Samuel Martin, Simon Grates, Sr., Simon Gates, Jr., Cyprian Lee, Edward 
Williams and Thomas Tunks. Foot of these — Cotrell, Swartz, Lee and Will- 
iams — lived in what is now Claibourne Township. James Curry received the 
entire ten votes for Representative, and Matthias Collins ten votes for Commis- 
sioner. The vote of the township for Governor has since been as follows: 
1826, Allen Trimble, 6, John Biggar, 1, Alexander Campbell, 15; 1828, Allen 
Trimble, 2, John ^V. Campbell, 19; 1830, Robert Lucas, 15, Duncan Mc- 
Arthur, 12; 1832, Robert Lucas, 18, Darius Lyman, 17; 1834, Robert Lucas, 
9, James Finley, 31; 1836, Joseph Vance, 51, Eli Baldwin, 25; 1838, Joseph 
Vance, 45, Wilson Shannon, 83; 1840, Thomas Corwin, 72, Wilson Shan- 
non. 45; 1842, Thomas Corwin, 52; Wilson Shannon, 45: 1844, Mordecai 
Bartley, 61, David Tod, 48; 1846, William Bebb, 60, David Tod, 40; 1848, 
Seabury Ford, 73, John B. Weller, 57; 1850, William Johnson, 68, Reuben 
Wood, 35; 1851, Samuel F. Vinton, 67, Reuben Wood, 38; 1853, Nel- 
son Barrere, "93, William Medill, 60, Samuel Lewis. 3; 1855, Salmon P. 
Chase, 60, William Medill, 55, Allen ' Trimble, 15; 1857, Salmon P. Chase, 
50, Henry P. Payne, 63, P. Van TrumD, 27; 1859, William Duncan, 56, 
Rufus P. Ranney, 76.; 1861, David Tod, 133, H. J. Jewett, 74; 1863, 
John Brough, 154, C. L. Vallandigham, 1J8; 1865, J. D. Cox, 132, 
George W. Morgan, 100; 1867, R. B. Hayes, 133, Allen G. Thurman, 128; 
1869, R. B. Hayes, 128, George H. Pendleton, 113; 1871, E. F. Noyes, 123, 
George W. McCook, 103, G. L. Stewart, 1; 1873, E. F. Noyes, 112, William 
Allen, 102, G. T. Stewart, 7, J. C. Collins, 1; 1875, William Allen, 130, R. 
a. Hayes, 162; 1877, William H. West, 166, R. M. Bishop, 128; 1879, 
Charles Foster, 193, Thomas Ewing, 154, G. T. Stewart, 6, A. Sanders Piatt, 
5; 1881, Charles Foster, 184, John W. Bookwalter, 121, A. R. Ludlow, 13. 

The following is a list of the Township Magistrates, with dates of election: 
Simon Gates, 1825; Cyprian Lee, 1825; Henry Swartz, 1827; David Gallant, 
1828; David Gallant, 1831; William Gladhill, 1835; John Gamble, 1837; Abijah 
Gandy, 1838; Abijah Gandy, 1841; Alexander McAlister. 1843; Abijah 
Gandy, 1844; Alexander McAlister, 1846; Abijah Gandy, 1847; John Bon- 
nett, 1849; Abijah Gandy, 1850; John Bonnett, 1852; J. O. Jewett, 1853; 
Othneil Jewett, 1855; William Foster, 1856; Othneil Jewett, 1858; William 
Foster, 1859; Moses Thompson, 1861; John Maskell, 1862; Othneil Jewett, 
1864; Allen Hickock, 1865; Othneil Jewett, 1867; L. B. White, 1868; 
Othneil Jewett, 1870; L. B. White, 1871; Othneil J eweU, 1873; Henry High- 
bargain, 1874; J. R. Taylor, 1876; Henry Highbargain, 1877; J. R.' Taylor, 



416 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

1879; Henry Highbargain, 1880; O. B. Tllartin, 1882. Samuel Lafferty was 
also an early Justice, but his name does not appear on the county record of 
oaths administered, from which the above list is taken. 

SURVEYS. 

The following are the original proprietors of the surveys, comprised with- 
in what is now Leesburg Township, with the dates of survey and suiweyors: 
William Semple, No. 803, 1,000 acres, located in the central -western part of 
the township, surveyed November 17, 1809, by Duncan McAi-thur; Francis 
Smith, No. 1,139, 750 acres, located in the northwestern corner of the town- 
ship, surveyed November 25, 1808, by Duncan McArthur; Falvery Frazier, the 
representative of William Jb'razier, deceased, Nos. 3,692 and 3,693, 1,000 acres 
each, on Boke's Creek, northwestern part of township, surveyed September 16, 
1799, by Lucas SuUivant; Thomas Frazier, heir to Falvery Frazier, Nos. 
3,694 and 3,696, a corner of the latter in Delaware County. 1,000 acres each, 
on Boke's Creek, in eastern part of township, surveyed September 16 and 17, 
1799, by Lucas Sullivant; Andrew Meade, assignee. No. 5,506, 1,796 acres;, in 
southwestern corner of township, surveyed November 8, 1807, by James Gal- 
loway; Robert Means, assignee, No. 5586, 1,000 acres, northern part of towD- 
ship. surveyed November 25, 1807, by James Galloway; Thomas M.Bailey, as- 
signee, No. 5,613, 1,000 acres, on Blue's Creek, southwestern part of township, 
surveyed January 10, 1808, by James Galloway; Robert Means, assignee, 
Nos. 5,630 and 6.510, 900 acres, in western part of township, surveyed No- 
vember 11, 1811, by Duncan McArthur; William B. Bunting's representa- 
tives, No. 5,870, 1,000 acres in southern part of township, surveyed June 2, 

1808, by James Galloway; Benjamin W. Ladd, No. 6,010, 711 acres, in south- 
western part of township, surveyed October 10. 1808, by James Galloway; 
Edward Dromgoole, assignee. No. 6,031, 1,500 acres, partly in Delaware 
County, surveyed October 10, 1808, by James Galloway; John Baird, as- 
signee. No. 6,033. 1,000 acres, in northern part of township, surveyed April 14, 

1809, by James Galloway; John Baird, assignee. No. 6,199, 400 acres, corner 
in Delaware County, surveyed April 14, 1809, by James Galloway; James 
Barnett, assignee, No. 6,211, 840 acres, in northeast corner of township, sur- 
veyed by James Galloway, March 29, 1810; Samuel Hyde Saunders, No. 
13,066, loo acres, in northern [iart of township, surveyed February 5, 1830, 
by Cadwallader Wallace; Frances T. Short, widow of Wiley Short, deceased, 
and Martha P. Williams, wife of William Williams, the two daughters and heii's 
of Capt. Cuthbert Harrison, Nos. 13.592 and 15,941, 666| acres, in southeastern 
part of township, surveyed October 18, 1834, by Cadwallader Wallace. Besides 
the above, there are, in the northeastern part of the township, small fractions of 
the following four surveys, which lie mostly in Delaware County: Joseph Tag- 
gert and others, Nos. 6,540 and 6, 889, 41 Nacres, surveyed by John Kerr. October 
20, 1810; H. Bedinger, No. 1,931, 800 acres, surveyed by John Kerr, November 
6, 1809; Cadwallader Wallace, No. 15,056, 83 acres, surveyed by Cadwal- 
lader Wallace, December 26, 1847; John Bai'rell, No. 3,402, 500 acres, sur- 
veyed November 24, 1807, by James Galloway. As will be seen from the fore- 
going, the greater part of the township was siuweyed from 1807 to 1810. 
Only the four Frazier surveys, including all the land in the township that lies 
on Boke's Creek, were surveyed priar to this time; and they were surveyed in 
1799. A majority of the surveys that lie wholly in the township are of 1,00() 
acres eacli, and the average size reaches almost that amount. The division 
lines between Leesburg and the bordering townships in Union County, do not 
cross any suiweys. The actual amount of land within a survey often exceeds 
considerably the area for which it was surveyed. 



LEESBURG TOWNSHIP. 417 

TAX VALUATIONS. 

In 1825, the personal property, returned in Leesburg Township, consisted 
of six horses and twenty-seven cattle. Of these, two horses and thirteen cattle 
belonged to what is now Claibourne Township. Jeremiah Gardner owned one 
horse; Simon Gates, Sr., four cattle; Simon Gates, Jr., four cattle; Culwell 
Williamson, two horses and four cattle; Hale Winchester, one horse and two 
cattle. Horses and cattle were the only kinds of personal property then taxed. 
The former were valued at $40 each; the latter at $8. In 1830, there were in 
the township 33 horses. 115 cattle; total valuation, $2,240; tax, $22.40. 
There were 22,975 acres of land, valued at $24,557, and taxed for $227.99. 

In 1840, the acreage was 25,868, value $33,835; horses, 172, value, 
16,880; cattle, 255, value, $2,040; money at interest, $100; total valuation, 
$42,848; total tax, $728.42, of which $186.92 was delinquent. 

In 1850. there were 19,217 acres, valued at $76,326; to valuation of town 
property, $857; valuation of chattels, $18,100; total valuation, $95,283; total 
tax, $1,469.89. 

In 1860, there were 18,933 acres, with a valuation of $253,111; value of 
town property, $4,738; total valuation of real estate, $257,849; tax, 
$2,655.85. 

In 1870, 18.907 acres, value $425,839; value of buildings, $24,425. 

In 1880, 18,676 acres, value $457,711; value of buildings, $30,972; value 
of town property, $8,699; value of chattels, f 172,493. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

The early settlers were largely from Clark County. In the northwestern 
part of the township particularly, the majority hailed from that locality, and 
over the rest of the township was a fair representation from the same place. 
Some of the earliest settlers were lured hitherto by the game which frequented 
the forests, while others came for the purpose of engaging exclusively in agri- 
cultural pursuits. Deer was the principal game that was sought for, swarms 
of bees were plentiful in the woods, and wild honey was found on every 
pioneer's table. Bee-hiinting consumed much of the time of the first settlers. 
The honey did not possess a great commercial value and was little in demand, 
for nearly every one supplied himself with the article, though some became 
much more expert in procuring it than others. The bee-hunter was usually 
supplied with pocket compass, to note and follow the course the bees would 
take when freighted with honey. Bees were attracted to a spot by the scent 
arising from honeycomb burnt by ihe hunter between two heated stones. 
Honey, or, better yet, honey mixed with extract of anise seed, was sprinkled 
near, and when the bees that alighted were surfeited, after circling around for 
a few times, they would fly away in a " bee line " for home. By getting the 
courses of two bees of the same swarm from two localities, the swarm would 
be found in the tree at the intersection of these two lines. When a bee tree 
was once found, the hunter would cut his initials on the bark oE the tree, and 
by universal consent it becam.e his individual property, to be cut down and the 
honey extracted therefrom at his leisure. The Indian plan of honey gather- 
ing was to climb a tree and cut out the honey. In a three weeks' hunt, an 
early settler in Leesbui'g Township found twenty-five trees, and from two 
hives in one of them, an ash on the farm where William Bonnett now lives on 
Grassy Run, procured ten gallons of honey. 

The first settlement was made in^ the southwestern part, on Blues Creek. 
The exact date at which it was formed, and the pioneer who first pitched his 
camp there, it is impossible now to discover, as these pioneers have all re- 
moved to other counties or died long since. They were mostly squatters, who 



418 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY 

came into the midst of a deep solitude for the purpose of hunting, long before 
the proprietors of the land could find ready purchasers for it. A cluster of 
settlers from Clark County settled here before 1820. and the central and most 
prominent figure in the group was Simon Gates He was a man highly es- 
teemed in those days of rough frontier life, bi:^. did not stay long after the 
country around him began to be thickly settled. His father, Simon Gates, 
Sr., owned sixty-one acres in Survey 5,506, and c eparted this life a few years 
after he immigrated to the township. 

Hale Winchester was one of these primitive pioneers. He, too, hailed 
from Clark County. His wife was Sybil Gates, i daughter of Simon Gates, 
Sr. He first occupied land on Blues Creek as a so natter, but afterward pur- 
chased a small place and finally emigrated to the West. David Gallant, 
George Anthony, Nelson Emery and Henry Hulse were also among the earliest 
settlers on Blues Creek. They were all from Clark County, and some years 
after they came to the township purchased land here. David Gallant married 
Phoebe, a daughter of Henry Gandy, raised a family, and then mov(3d to the 
West. The wife of George Anthony was Mrs. Polly Shepherd, also a daugh- 
ter of Henry Gandy. Mr. Anthony went West when hunting became poor in 
this vicinity. Emery Wilson married Selinda Brooks, and brought his family 
to Leesburg Township. He died here, and his family removed to the W^est. 
.The wife of Henry Hulse was a sister to Emery Wilson. 

Culwell Williamson, of Lyncbbarg, Va., early in this century purchased 
Survey 3,694, of 1,000 acres, 200 acres being reserved by the grantor for two 
Virginian local j-yreachers — Kevs. Munson and Denton — the reservation to be 
surveyed by Mr. Williamson. In 1811, he visited the land, riding horseback 
from Virginia. No white settlers were then near, but the woods were full of 
Indians. Mr. Williamson soon I'eturned to Virgin a, and twice again came to 
see the land before emigratiug. In 1824, he gathered together his effects, 
and. placing them in a foui'-horse wagon, bade farewell to Old Virginia, and, 
with his sister, Mrs. Jane Martin, a widow, her tLi'ee children — Samuel, Cul- 
well and Ann — and James and Nancy Oglesbie, a young nephew and niece, 
began a wearisome journey to Ohio. Eight weeks ' ,\n-e consumed on the trip. 
Procurinof assistance from the Scioto River. V.n men comings before 7 
o'clock in the morning and working till late, ii ,;he one day the cabin was 
raised, clapboard roof placed over it and a door s; f 1 out and hung in place. 
That night, for the fir.st time since they left Virgii it rained; but there was 
shelter overhead, and the pattering rain-drops on t ' roof were music to tlieir 
ears. This was the first settlement in the upper p ^ of the township. The 
cabin stood on the farm now owned by O. Jewett, a ) iut one mile up Boke's 
Creek, from Magnetic Springs. Mr. Williamson wf s an old bachelor. By 
trade he was a carpenter. He surveyed his land nto small tracts, and sold 
much of it to incoming settlers. Thomas Tunks turchased 100 acres soon 
after, in the southwest corner of the survey. Jose "h Brannon, Heniy Hulse 
and Isaac White each obtained 100 acres, and Josej li White and Arad Frank- 
lin also became purchasers. Richard Hoskins bought the Rev. Dentou 100- 
acre tract, and ^A'ilJiam Wells the Munson tract. Mr Williamson died in 1828. 

Culwell Martin died in 1828. He had married Sophia McCune in that 
year. Their only child, Culwell, is now living in Michigan. Si^.^nel Martin 
married Sarah Pugh, of Marion County, and settled on 100 acres of the Will- 
iamson land. He remained cm the farm through life, for a time operated a 
mill on Bokes Creek, and died in 1854. His children were nine in number — 
Elizabeth, wife of Emery Newhouse; Ann, married to Levi Skeels, and resid- 
ing in Kentuck} ; James; Thomas; Richard, deceased; Samuel, a lawyer at 
Eureka, Kan.; John, deceased; Llewellyn and Oliver B. 






i. '' 




-cy^le^i.-rLe'n^ /^LP^i/^^^yi4yCry7 



LEESBURG TOWNSHIP. 421 

Eichard Huskins was born in Franklin, Franklin Co., Ohio, in 1804; re- 
moved to Delaware County, and, in 1827, settled in Leesburg Township, on 
the iOO acre farm which Dr. Skidmore now owns, about a mile up Boke's 
Creek from Magnetic Springs. There was no clearing on the place when he 
settled there, and the remainder of his life was spent upon this home farm, 
to which he became deeply attached. He was well respected by his neighbors 
and his judgment and advice was always held in high esteem. In 1827, he 
married Ann H. Martin. Their marriage was blessed with a family of ten 
children, only four of whom survive, viz.: James M., proprietor of the Hos- 
kins House, Magnetic Springs; Culwell; Ellen, wife of Ephraim D. Pitts; 
and Ann, the wife of James Deeper. Mr. Hoskins died in 1870. 

James Oglesbie was raised on the Williamson place. He married Ann 
Wells, the daughter of William Wells, and for a time engaged in farming in 
this township. He then sold out, and removed to Marysville, where he died. 
Nancy Oglesbie married William McAllister, and lived and died in Deesburg 
Township. 

Thomas Tunks settled in the township in 1825. He had formerly been a 
resident of Clark County. He first came out and built a cabin, living in the 
meantime in a rudely built camp. He then brought his family to his new 
wilderness home. Mr. Tunks was a farmer by education and occupation, and 
tillfid the soil upon the place he first settled in this township for the remainder 
of his life. His wife was Ann Wallingsford; his children — Rachel, wife of 
Devi Spencer, a Missouri farmer; Jane, deceased, who was the wife of Will- 
iam McAllister; Allen, Devi, William, Thomas and Samuel. 

In 1825, Joseph White, Benjamin White, Arad Franklin and William 
Franklin started from their homes in Ciark County to visit Bokei Creek, forty 
miles away, with the intention of settling there if a desirable location was 
found. They had but one horse. Arad Franklin was just recovering fi'om a 
spell of sickness, and Joseph White was aged. These two alternately rode, 
while the others walked. They reached Newton, and remained there over- 
night. The next morning they traveled northward till they reached Bokes 
Creek, about eight miles above Pharisburg. From that point Joseph White 
returned to Newton with the horse. The other three continued down the 
stream, threading their way, as best they could, through the rough thickets, 
until they reached the place Thomas Tunks had purchased. He was there, 
with hib boys, building a cabin. They stopped that night with him, and the 
next day started on their return journey. They were pleased with the coun- 
try, and determined to locate here. Isaac White came out first, in February, 
1820. He was born in Pennsylvania, emigrated with his father, Joseph 
White to Clark County, and here married Jane Hulse. After his arrival in 
Deesburg, he pursued the even tenor of a farmer's life up to the date of his 
death, which resulted from typhoid fever. 

Joseph White was born near Winchester, Va., and when seven years old 
moved to Pennsylvania with a Mr. Tucker, and in his domicile grew to ma- 
turity. He then crossed the Ohio River and lived awhile on Sliort Creek, and 
from that place traversed westward to Harmony Township, Clark County, 
where he passed many years. While here, during the war of 1812, he served 
a short time at the Zanefield block-house, in Dogan County. In 1826, when he 
moved to Deesburg Township, his children had grown up. Some of them ac- 
companied him to his new home; others remained in Clark County. His three 
daughters, who settled in this township were Jane, Elizabeth, the wife of 
Bradford Wood, and Sarah, wife of Perry Eubanks. Mr. White passed his 
declining years here and died in the township. 

Arad Franklin was born December 9, 1802, in New York. He removed, 

23 



422 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

with his father, in November, 1813, to Hamilton County, Ohio, and eight years 
later to Clark County. Here Arad married Nancy White, March 6, 1825, and 
in Octobei-, 1826, packed his few household goods in a wagon, and. with his 
wife and infant child, made his way to the Culwell Williamson land. He 
purchased fifty-seven acres north of Bokes Creek, paying for it $2.50 per 
acre. He moved his family into the house of his father-in-law, Joseph White, 
and returned to Clark County to harvest his corn crop. During the ensuing 
winter, he built his cabin, and moved into it in February, 1827. Mr. Frank- 
lin has ever since been a resident of the township, and though he is now 
eighty years old, is hale and hearty, and still active and busy with his farm 
duties. 

Henry Gandy, a Yankee from New Jersey originally, had settled in Dar- 
by Plains, and from that place came to Leesburg Township about 1827, and 
settled about two miles up Bokes Creek from Pharisburg, on the south side of 
the stream, in Survey 3,692, where he purchased 200 acres of land. He was 
an old man when he came, and had a family of children who had grown to 
maturity, and who settled in the same locality. Mr. Gaudy had been twice 
married. By his first marriage he had six children, four daughters and two sons 
— Abijah and George. By the second marriage he had three sons, Harris, 
Shepherd and John. He was a farmer by occupation, and died on the farm 
he settled on in thi:? township. Abijah had married Rebecca Harris before he 
came to Leesburg; was a prominent and influential citizen, and lived and died 
here. His farm was just east of that of his father, and just west of the latter 
was the place of George Gandy, who afterward moved to Illinois. Shepherd 
occupied the home place after his father's decease, until he emigrated West, and 
John now occupies it. 

Ephraim Carey emigrated from Washington Coiinty, Penn., to near 
Marietta, Ohio, in 1796, and in ISOl near Plain City, in Madison County. In 
1826, he came to Leesburg Township, arriving on the 16th day of December. 
He here spent the balance of his life. He died December 7, 1878, aged near- 
ly eighty-nine years. He was long a member of the Presbyterian Church. 

About 1827, John Wood moved from Clark County to the place his son. 
Ingham Wood, now occupies, two miles above Pharisburg. He was well ad- 
vanced in life when he came, and spent the remainder of his life hei^e. 

About the same time. Alexander Elliott came from Clark County for the 
purpose of preparing a home for his family. He had contracted the disease 
called " milk sickness " before he came, and was just recovering from it. By 
too great application to the arduous labor that confronted him here in the wil- 
derness, he suffered a relapse, aud died at the residence of Abijah Gandy. 
His family afterward moved to the place. His son John now occupies it; his 
son Samuel has emigrated to the West. 

In 182<3, Joseph Brannon moved, with a large family, to the township 
from Clark County, and settled on the south side of Bokes Creek, below Phar- 
isburg. His wife was Jane Hulse, a sister to Henry Hulse. Mr. Brannon re- 
moved with his family to Illinois. 

David Bacon had come from Clark County prior to 1830. He was not a 
property holder, and first took a lease from Bradford Wood. Leasing was 
practiced to a large extent in early times. The terms of a lease then were 
usually different from contracts of this nature made now. No rent was paid 
by the tenant, nor a share of the farm products given, but the tenant, in con- 
sideration of the free use of a tract of land for a stipvilated period, agreed to 
clear a given amount of land within that time and build a cabin. Ordinarily, 
a lease would provide for the erection of a cabin and clearing of twenty acres 
of timber, for which improvement the tenant was to have possession for ten 



LEESBURG TOWNSHIP. 423 

years. Mr. Bacon died ir the township, and none of his family now reside 
here. His son Constant removed to Delaware County. William Borum, a 
genuine specimen of the rough frontiersman, tarried here for awhile, coming 
before 1830. 

Alexander Cowgill settled early on the site of Mineral Springs. He came 
from the Scioto River, in Delaware County. While there, he had served as a 
scout in the war of 1812. Mr. Cowgill remained here only a short time. He 
sold his landed estate in Leesburg Township to Samuel Barcus, and crossed 
the line into Claibourne Township, where he died. He had one son — George 
— and a family of girlp. 

The following settlers were here in 1830. They had entered the township 
within a few years prior to that date. Abraham Elifritz lived for a time on 
Blues Creek. Thomas Foreman settled on Bokes Creek, about three miles 
above Pharisbvirg. He was from Clark County, and after a residence here emi- 
grated to Champaign County, 111. Pierce Lamphere lived in the southern 
part of the township. He was quite an old man when he arrived. William 
Mclntiro became a settler on Blues Creek. He was from Clark County, and 
died not many years after he became a citizen of Leesburg. John Price made 
the first improvements on a farm on Blues Creek. He did not remain long, 
but in 1830 removed to Jackson Township. His brother, David Price, also 
changed his residence to Jackson Township. Ira Phelps was a resident on 
Blues Creek, but his abode here was transient. John Sovereign was for a 
time an occupant of land in Leesburg Township. He had formerly resided 
on Mill Creek, two miles below Marysville. Samuel Simpson was a settler 
from Clark County. His first wife was a daughter of Joseph Brannon. Mr. 
Simpson moved West, and died in the summer ot 1882. 

In addition to the foiegoing settlers, in 1835 the following were also citi- 
zens of Leesburg Township: Deliverance Brown, Lorenzo D. Beebe, Matthias 
Collins,' Robert P. Curby, Stephen Davis, Samuel Graham, Thomas Graham, 
Henry Goodrich, John Gamble, Robert Gamble, Jonathan Jones, Samuel 
Lafferty, Thomas Lee, Hugh McAdaw, John McAllister, John Newhouse, Sam- 
uel Meek, RoBerfMaskill, William Mawhater, A lexander McConkey, Robert 
Pharis, James Sibold, Joseph Bellvile and Stephen Smith. There were, doubt- 
less, others, whose names have not been obtained. A number of the above had 
settled in the township several years before 1835. 

Deliverance Brown built a cabin and lived with his family on Bokes 
Creek, about two miles above Pharisbm-g. He was considered one of the best 
hunters in the county, and was occupied most of the time in his favorite pur- 
suit. He annually killed from seventy-five to one hundred deer. He finally 
sold out, when game could no longer be found, and sought a more congenial 
environment in the West. 

Lorenzo Beebe lived with his father in-law, Daniel Reed, a'bout a mile 
north of Pharisburg. They were New England people, and in a few years 
both families moved West. 

Matthias Collins had come from Clark County to Union County, and for 
a time was a tavern keeper at Marysville. Ho then settled below Blues 
Creek, in the southern part of this township. He was an eccentric character, 
well informed and intelligent, but more theoretical than practical, and pos- 
sessed of a number of queer ideas. His second wife was a sister of Simon 
Gates, Jr., and he moved West with him. 

Robert P. Ciu'by brought his family from Warren County about 1834, and 
purchased a farm from Robert Pharis, situated on Bokes Creek, about one 
and a half miles above Pharisburg. He subsequently returned to Warren 
County. 



424 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Stephen Davis hailed from somewhere in the East. He purchased and 
occupied a farm in the southwestern portion, and there remained with his 
family until his death. Samuel Graham was from Clark County, and, like 
many other early settlers, removed with his family to Illinois. 

Henry Goodrich owned a farm near Pharisburg, on which he died at a 
good old age. His family still lives there. John Gamble came with his fam- 
ily from Clark County, and settled near Blues Creek. He died here, and his 
sons sold out and moved away. Jonathan Jones lived on the north side of 
Boke's Creek, about one and a half miles above Pharisburg. He subsequently 
removed to Porter County, Ind., where his children now live. 
' ' Samuel Lafferty, a native of Virginia, emigrated to Champaign County, 
and thence to Union County. He purchased and occupied a farm about a 
mile east from Pharisburg on the Delaware Pike, for awhile, then retmmed to 
Champaign County, and there died. Thomas Lee, in 1832, emigrated from Vir- 
ginia to Clark County, and in 1833 settled on a hundred -acre farm on Blues 
Creek. He raised a family of twelve children, and died in March, 18(34, aged 
seventy-three years. Hugh McAdaw settled about a mile northwest of Pharis- 
burg. John McAllister came from Pickaway County, and settled on a farm io 
the woods in the eastern part of the township, where he died August 7, 185(3, 
aged sixty- four years. His son, John McAllister, now lives there. 

Samuel Meek came from Coshocton County. He was an honest, somewhat 
singular man, quick to resent an insult. He built a mill on Bokes Creek, on 
leased land, and later removed to Illinois. 

Robert Maskill settled in the northwestern portion of the township, where 
he died. He came from Clark County. William Mawhater, who moved to the 
township from Coshocton County, purchased and took possession of a little 
farm in Survey 5,586. He afterward removed from the township. Alexander 
McConkey owned and occupied a farm in the same survey. He was from 
Clark County; returned there and then moved West. 

John Newhouse, in 1834, settled just north of the site of Magnetic 
Springs. He was born in Pickaway County in 1806; i-emoved with his father 
to Delaware County in 1814, then settled iu this township. He remained on 
the farm until 1881, when he removed to Magnetic Springs, and is now a resi- 
dent of that place. 

Robert Pharis purchased Survey 3,693, of 1,000 acres, and immigrated 
to it from the East prior to 1835. He was a shrewd Yankee, successsful in 
business and prominent in local public aflfaii's. His sons, Samuel, Joel, Mar- 
tin and two younger children also came West and settled on this survey. 
Samuel and Joel were well educated men. Robert Pharis died shortly before 
1848, and the family moved farther West. 

In 1833, Joseph Bellville, from Belmont County, settled on the farm 
on Blues Creek, which his son Sylvauus now owns. Joseph died here in 1863. 
He had twelve children, ten of whom are now living, but widely scattered 
through Ohio, Michigan and Iowa. His wife, Sarah, died in 1882. aged eighty- 
seven years. 

One of the earliest schools was taught in a log schoolhouse, about a haJf 
mile south of Pharisburg, by Samuel Pharis. Naomi Carney was another 
early teacher of this school. There were, doubtless, several small schools in 
the early Blues Creek settlement, but nothing is known of them. 

MAGNETIC SPRINGS. 

Magnetic Springs is the title that has been bestowed upon a village of 
recent but vigorous growth, located in the norfcliern part of Survey 3,696, in a 
bend on the south side of Boke's Creek. Its existence is due to the discovery 



LEESBURG TOWNSHll-. 425 

there of mineral waters, possessing strong medicinal properties, and its popu- 
lation consists largely of invalids or persons in broken health, who have come 
to test and prove the efficacy of nature's remedy, stored in the free, gushing 
springs of water in this vicinity. 

The principal part of the village — all lying west of the pike — was covered 
with forest trees, until, perhaps, eighteen years ago. J. W. Hoskins then 
built a cabin here, and cleared off the greater portion of the timber. In 1872, 
J. E. Newhouse having purchased the site of Magnetic Springs, started a 
nursery and garden, which supplied the surrounding farmers for many miles 
with grape vines and other nursery products. The travel to and from his 
place was considerable, and the mud road, in bad weather, was almost impass- 
able. He petitioned the Commissioners for a pike, and offered to donate the 
gravel for two miles of the road, from a fine bed of gravel on the place. The 
gravel road was built, and the material for four and a half miles of road dug 
from the pit. Intent on utilizing the cavity thus made in his field, he re- 
quested the Commissioners that the surface soil be not thrown back into the 
hollow as the gravel was removed, as he designed converting it into a fish 
pond. For the purpose of supplying the pond with water, in April, 1879, he 
sunk a well, sixty-eight feet deep, close by, without reaching rock, and was 
about to abandon the undertaking as fruitless when the water gushed out from 
the opening, forming a pretty fountain. The sight was a novel one in this 
vicinity, and many came to see it, and naturally partook of the stream. Sev- 
eral who were afflicted with kidney difficulties experienced relief, and it was 
not long until wonderful stories of the healing powers of the water were circu- 
lated abroad, and the water was carried off by hundreds of gallons. In the 
autumn of 1878, M. F. Langstaff had become the partner of Mr. Newhouse in 
the nursery business, and after the interest in the fountain was aroused they 
built a bath-house near the fountain for the benefit of those who wished its 
use. A number of persons desired lots, and for their accommodation, Novem 
ber 24 and 25, 1879, fifty in-lots and five blocks were surveyed by F. A Gart- 
ner for J. E. Newhouse and Duncan and Matilda McLean, the latter two hav- 
ing purchased Mr. Langstaff's interest. 

The additions to the village have been as follows: N. D. Degood's Addi- 
tion, consisting of twenty four in-lots (51-74), comprising about five and one- 
sixth acres, situated south of the original site, was surveyed by F. A. Gartner, 
March 31, 1880; N. D. Degood's Second Addition, twenty-five lots (75-99), 
was surveyed by F. A. Gartner March 3, 1881; H. C. Hoskins' Addition of 
thirteen lots (100-112), was surveyed May 6, 1881, by J. Van Pearse; James 
E. McBride's Addition of fourteen lots (113-126), was surveyed July 1, 1881, 
by J. Van Pearse. 

The residence of Mr. Newhouse was the only building in the village west 
of the pike, in 1879. In 18S0, about a dozen houses were erected, and there 
are now over one hundred. A considerable portion of the population is float- 
ing. It vaiies from three hundred to five hundred. John Smith was ap- 
pointed Postmaster in the spring of 1880, and still retains the office. He 
started the first grocery. The first dry goods store was opened by A. L. Smith 
& Sons, of Richwood, in the spring of 1881. There are now two dry goods 
stores, owned respectively by Buffilngton Lynn and Hill & Jolliff. The latter 
firm purchased the stock of Smith & Sons. There are also in the village two 
groceries, L. Eoley and John Smith; one hardware store, Bee & Murphy; one 
drug store, Dr. H. McFadden; one jeweler store, Ramey & Son; a billiard 
hall, bakery and restaurant, photograph gallery, meat market, extensive livery 
establishment, owned by Mickey & Trickey, a shoe, and a blacksmith shop. 

For the accommodation of the afflicted who resort to the village, and the 



426 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

traveling public generally, there are three good hotels and quite a number of 
boarding houses. The Fountain House was built by M. F. Langstaff, in 1880. 
It was the first building erected in that year. Mr. Langstaff sold it to A. 
Thompson, and it has subsequently been leased to Mr. Hill, the pre'^ent host. 
The erection of the Park House was begun in 1880 and completed in 1881. 
It is an imposing and spacious three story frame structure, 52x80, the largest 
building in the village. Morgan Savage and A. W. Robinson, the builders, 
still own it. The latter is proprietor of the hotel. The Hoskins House was 
commenced in 1881, and finished the spring following. J. M. Hoskins is pro- 
prietor. From fifty to three hundred guests are registered constantly at the 
hotels and stopping at private boarding houses, and they tax to the utmost 
the capacity of the village for hospitality. 

Indications point to the erection of two large hotels during the summer 
of 1883, one of them by W. M. Murphy & Son, of Cleveland. They have 
purchased a very desirable site for a building of this kind, and in the autumn 
of 1882 were engiged in sinking an artesian well to a great depth, with a view 
to supplying the proposed hotel with water. In November, a depth of 700 
feet was reached, and the work still progressing. The water rose to within a 
foot of the surface, but a flow had not yet been attained. 

A frame schoolhouse was built in 1882, the first one in the village, and 
O. C. Degood was the teacher during the ensuing winter. There are no 
church edifices yet erected, but a Methodist society has been organized, and 
efforts will soon be put forth to secure a house of worship. The class is yet 
small; Rev. Jagger preaches to it. Two physicians, Drs. McFadden and S. 
S. Skidmore, are resident practitioners. The dwelling houses are far above 
the average in villages of the same size, for neat and attractive appearance. 

A large bath house has lately been constructed, which is supplied with 
water by a twelve-horse power engine. The park grounds, including the 
springs, lake, bath house, cottages and two hotels, comprise seven acres, and 
are owned by Newhouse, McLean & Go. 

In all directions from the first well that was sunk, outside of a radius of 
probably one hundred feet, limestone rock exists from thirteen to thirty feet 
below the surface, while at the spring, at the depth of seventy-seven feet, no 
rock was encountered. This deep pocket from which the mineral magnetic 
water arises, below the depth of thirty feet is filled with a reddish substance 
resembling hard clay for thirty feet, and below it is a gray -colored substance 
of similar composition. An analysis of this water, made by Px'of. E. S. 
Wayne, of Cincinnati, shows the following: 

Solid contents of one gallon of the water, 44.897 grains, composed of 

Chloride of sodium 0.789 grains. 

Sulphate of potassa 0.223 grains. 

Sulphate of sodium 0.416 grains. 

Sulphate of lime 3.271 grains. 

Sulphate of magnesia 2.304 grains. 

Bi-carbonate of lime 19.201 grains. 

Bi-carbonate of magnesia 17.614 grains. 

Bicarbonate of iron 0.153 grains. 

Alumina 0.115 grains. 

Silica 0.242 grains. 

Organic matter 0.569 grains. 

Total 44.897 grains. 

It also possesses high magnetic properties, and it is said that a knife- 
blade held in it for a few moments becomes so highly charged that a nail may 
be lifted by it. 

Three other springs are said to possess curative powers, each of them 



LEESBURG TOWNSHIP. 42T 

having distinct mineral ingredients. One of them, a sulphur spring, is 
located about a mile southeast of the village; a spacious avenue has just been 
opened to it. A park of fourteen acres has been purchased, including a grove. 
It is proposed to erect here, during the summer of 1883, a large hotel and a 
number of cottages, and to connect it with the village by a street-car line. 

PHARISBUKG. 

Pharisburg was surveyed by William B. Irvin July 21, 1847, and the plat 
acknowledged May 25, 1848, by the proprietor, Allen Pharis, administrator 
of Robert Pharis, deceased. It contained forty-live lots, including ten acres 
and sixty-two poles. Its location, near the southeast corner of Survey 3,693, 
and near the center of the township, had previously been known as " Scott's 
Corners." The residence of Samuel Pharis, a large, two-story, hewed- log 
house, stood on the site when the plat was made, and Francis Scott soon after 
built a frame house west of the road, running north and south. Merilla 
Cameron, a young Kentuckian, sold the first goods here. He brought them 
before the village was laid out and operated the store only a year or two. 
Not long after the discontinuance of this store, Mr. J. Reed opened a general 
stock of goods, and did business for some time. Matilda Chiggage taught the 
first school. Thomas Barcus was the first Postmaster. Benjamin Welch, 
Samuel Kirk, S. A. Tunks, Benjamin Welch again and A. B. Strieker have 
been his successors. 

Dr. McClaskey, of Pennsylvania, was the first physician. In the spring 
of 1856, Dr. M. Thompson entered on a practice which was continued twelve 
years. Dr. H. McFaddon came about 1867. Dr. Henry Vigor soon after 
practiced for a few years. Dr. R. A. Gray was here only a short time. Dr. 
S. S. Skidmore, in the spring of 1882, closed in part for practice of about ten 
years' duration, by removing to Magnetic Springs. He was succeeded at 
Pharisburg by Dr. G. J. Skidmore. Dr. Samuel Breese settled in the village 
about 1869, and practiced till his death in March, 1881. 

At present there are three stores at Pharisburg, owned respectively by A. 
B. Strieker, A. G. McAdow and William Hayes. There are two blacksmith 
shops and nearly two hundred people. A new schoolhouse has just been 
erected, and a township graded high school, the first ever held, is in operation, 
with S. W. Van Winkle as teacher. 

Pharisburg Lodge, No. 664, I. O. O. F., was instituted June 13, 1877. 
The first officers were E. A. Bell, N. G. ; J. R. Taylor, V. G. ; A. B. Strieker, 
Rec. Sec. ; J. M. Hoskins, Per. Sec. ; Heman Hickok, Treas. Besides these, 
the charter members were J. W. Hall, Lemuel Langsta£f, J. S. Mallory, R. H. 
White and R. Mayfield. The present membership is fifty-nine. The present 
officers are J. T. Clevinger, N. G.; O. C. Trickey, V. G.; Lee W. Burkopile, 
Rec. Sec. ; R. H. White, Per. Sec. ; R. Mayfield, Treas. Meetings are held 
every Saturday evening. The lodge owns a half interest in the second story 
hall in which it meets. Three deaths have occurred in the lodge since its 
organization. The deceased are David Burkopile, R. P. Clevinger and A. J. 
Hartman. 

The Daughters of Rebekah, Pharisburg Lodge, was instituted May !I5, 
1879. The first officers were Elizabeth Hoskins, N. G. ; Emma Langstaff, V. 
G. ; Maggie Strieker, Rec. Sec. ; Emma Taylor, Fin. Sec. ; Elizabeth Green, 
Treasurer. The other original members were Mattie White, Mary Hickok, 
Mary Gandy, Mary Rinehart, Mary Clevinger, Lola Hoskins, Anna A. Lang- 
staff, Rosalinde Mayfield and Bell Green. The membership is now about 
forty. The regular meetings are held every Wednesday on or before the full 
moon. 



428 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Leesburg Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, No. 372, was granted a dispen- 
sation January 9, 1874, and chartered May 26. 1874. The hall was built by a 
joint- stock company of its members. This company still owns the lower floor, 
but the upper story is the joint property of the Grange and the Odd Fellows 
lodge. The present membership is about forty; Jeremiah Rinehart is Master, 
and Josephus Brannon, Overseer. Regular meetings are held every Wednes- 
day afternoon on or before the full moon. 

The Methodist Protestant Church at Pharisburg is a large, substantial 
frame structure, which was dedicated July 4, 1875, by Rev. Alexander Clark, 
of Pittsburgh, Penn. The church is well finished and surmounted by a bell. 
Its total cost was about $2,500. The old frame church, in use before the pres- 
ent one was erected, is still standing. It was built about IS-'^O. The society 
was organized some time before this latter date, and held its meetings in pri- 
vate houses for awhile, and then in the schoolhouse north of Boke's Creek. 
Early and prominent members were Alexander McKonkey, the Lafiertys, 
Abraham Blackburn, Julius A. Bell and Julia his wife, Harvey Skeels, Benja- 
min W. Welch and his wife Elizabeth, and J. H. Langstafif and his wife 
Catharine. Revs. O. P. Stephens and Sanford Flood were early ministers. 
Rev. W. M. Creamer is the present pastor. The membership is not so strong 
as it has been in past times. A Sabbath school is maintained throughout the 
year. 

A Universalist Church was organized here, and a church bnilt about 
twenty-tive years ago, but the society continued in active operation only a few 
years. Isaac Zane, Stephen Davis, Amasa Rosencrantz and Abijah Gandy 
were included in its membership. Revs. Arba Gass and Waite administered 
to the congregation. 

The Pharisburg Universalist Church was organized in August, 1879, at 
the Methodist Protestant Church, by Rev. Mrs. Letta D. Crosley, who has 
since been pastor. The society began with only a few members, and has now 
increased to about fort v. Among the early members were George W. Cary and 
wife. William Foster and wife, John Gandy and wife, Jasper Cary and wife, 
John Elliott and wife. Lester Webster and wife, George Hill and wife, 
Othneil Jewett and Andrew Hartman. Services are held once a month 
in the Methodist Protestant Church. 

Hopewell Methodist Episcopal Church was organized about 1830, at the 
house of Samuel Martin. It began with a very limited membership, consisting 
chiefly of the Martin family andCulwell Williamson. A hewed- log church, located 
about one and one-fourth miles northeast of Pharisburg, was built and served 
as the house of worship till the present frame building was erected. A pro- 
tracted meeting was conducted by Rev. Longfellow about 1858, which re- 
sulted in a great increase of members. The church has since been weakened 
from a variety of causes, and at present there are no regular services. 

In Hildreth's Schoolhouse, west of Pharisburg, a Christian, or "New 
Light," society was organized several years ago. Rev. Shirk held services 
there for some time, and Rev. Hurd has been preaching for several years. 
The society is gaining in strength. David Hildreth, Albert Gardner, Emanuel 
Shinnaman and Daniel Burkopile are members. A Sunday school is con- 
ducted during the summer. 

Blues Creek Christian, or "New Light," Church, located on the Marys- 
ville & Pharisbm-g pike, is the home of a small society, which was organ- 
ized in 1833 or 1834. About that time, a log meeting house was built, about 
a half mile south of the present church, on the farm now owned by Ira Phelps. 
Joseph and Sarah Bellville, Hale Winchester, Jonathan and Polly Brooks, 
Thomas and Anna Lee, Mr. Spurgeon and wife and Mrs. Hannah Phelps were 




i'' i 



/C lyJ 



^^ ^^^^ 



* 



LEESBURG TOWNSHIP. 431 

early members. Elders Ashley and Barber were pioneer preachers. They were 
succeeded by Elder John Mclnturf, who was a powerful preacher and a well- 
beloved pastor. The old log church subserved its purpose until 1861. The 
present edifice was then constructed, on a lot donated to the society by Jacob 
Lee. It was dedicated, in October, 1861, by Elder Daniel Long, an aged and 
revered minister of the church. At that time, Nicholas Bellville, Robert Lee 
and Thomas Lee were prominent members. The Christian society formed 
recently in a schoolhouse just west of Pharisburg drew its membership large- 
ly from the Blue's Creek congregation. Owing to this, and to deaths and 
removals, the numerical strength of the church has been weakened. It once 
numbered eighty, but now scarcely more than one-fourth that number. Elder 
William Webb, in 1868 and 1869, conducted a revival, which resulted in 
thirty-six accessions to the chui'ch in one year, and many during the next. 
Elder Lure was the pastor last year. At present there is no settled minister, 
but Elder Kerris has been supplying the church in this capacity. The Sab- 
bath school, which has been held for many years, is very successful. It was 
superintended last year by Eli Hildebrand. 

In the extreme southern edge of Leesburg Township, near the southwest 
corner of Survey 5,870, is a frame meeting house called R\an's Chapel, the 
property of a Methodist society that worships here. It received its name from 
James Rvan, a local minister of Dover Township. A Methodist Church, 
known as Mount Harmon, formerly existed about three [miles south of Ryan's 
Chapel. After the village of Dover attained some importance, many of the 
members of Mount Harmon, who resided in Dover, wished the place of meeting 
changed to the village. Those members who resided north of the chur(^h were 
unwilling that the church be removed. A compromise was effected by divid- 
ing the membership, and each of the two divisions obtained a church centrally 
and favorably located. The northern portion of the old congregation erected 
Ryan's Chapel, during the spring and summer of 1868. Lewis White, of 
Dover, was the contractor. During the winter preceding its erection, a pro- 
tracted series of meetings were conducted in the schoolhouse, about three- 
fourths of a mile north of the church, by Rev. Isaiah Herderton. Many con- 
versions were made, and the interest \\hich was aroused led to the building of 
the church. George Montgomery, John Montgomery, W illiam, John, Samuel 
and William H. Bonnett, Thomas Kindal, Louis White and Jesse Carpenter 
were prominent members. Rev. Waters, of Delaware, dedicated the church. 
The membership was once strong, and now exceeds thirty. Rev. Jaggera is 
the pastor in charge, holding services each alternate Sabbath. The congre- 
gation forms a part of the Dover Circuit. Besides these two charges, Ostrander 
and Millville churches are included in the circuit. A Sabbath school is regu- 
larly maintained during the summer and sometimes is continued through the 
winter. 

Union Chapel is a substantial, neat, brick edifice, 28x38 feet in dimen- 
sions, located in the extreme eastern part of the township, on tne Delaware & 
Bellefontaine pike. It is the joint property of two religious societies, a 
Christian Union and a Disciple congregation, which worship here separately, 
and was erected by them in 1872, at a cost of about $1,300. The property is 
controlled by five Trustees, two of whom are chosen by each congregation, and 
the fifth, who holds the deeds of the property, is selected by the four so 
chosen, and is to be a member of neither church. The land for the building 
was donated to the two societies by John McAllister. The church was ded- 
icated by Rev. John Clise, a Christian Union minister, then of Columbus, 
Ohio. 

The Christian Union society, known as the Beech Grove congregation, 



482 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

had its origin in 1863. A number of tlie members of the Methodist Episcopal 
and of the Methodist Protestant Chui'ches, who were dissatisfied with the polit- 
ical character of the public services held there, ceased to attend; but soon 
realizing the need of religious exercises, they formed a class, independent of 
any denomination, and met in the Beech Grove Schoolhouse for prayer meet- 
ings. This class consisted originally of about sixteen members and, as near- 
ly as can be ascertained, included the names of Richard Hoskins and wife, 
Abram Hall and wife, Arad Franklin and wife, Benjamin Long and wife, Sarah 
Hickok, John Manuel, Richard Peters and wife, Jane and Nancy Franklin and 
Jacob Hoskins and wife. After a little while, the services of Rev. Samuel Hull, 
an Independent Baptist minister, were procvired; he preached to the society for 
six months. When the sect known as the Christian Union Church was organized, 
this independent society joined it. Rev. Roscellus Gates was the first Christian 
Union minister in charge. He entered upon his pastoral duties in 1864, and 
remained with the congregation two years. The services were held in the 
schoolhouse until the erection of Union Chapel. Among the ministers who 
have served this society are Revs. Jacob Hoskins, Durant, of Westerville, 
Lacey, Levi Ely, Hannawalt, Racey and Baker. The circuit to which it be- 
longs comprises four charges besides this one--Millville, Scioto Valley, Liberty 
and New Salem. Of these, the first three are in Delaware County; the last 
one is in Franklin County. The membership of Beech Grove numbers about 
thirty. Until the Sabbath school was organized at Mineral Springs, a year or 
two ago, one was regularly maintained in this church. 

The Disciple congregation that meets here was formed by the union of 
two similar societies, both of which were in Delaware County. One was 
known as the Money Church, in Thompson Township, the other worshiped in 
a schoolhouse in Scioto Township. After they united, services were held in a 
Delaware County Schoolhouse, until Union Chapel was erected. At that time 
there were very few members besides Johtt McAllister from this township, but 
a number have afterward entered the township and joined the society. The 
membership at present is Dot very strong. Rev. Call was pastor when the 
church was built. Rev. Moss is the minister now in charge. 

CEMETERIES. 

The first burial-place in Leesburg Township, was on Joseph Brannon's 
farm, half a mile east of Pharisburg. Quite a number of early settlers were 
buried here, among them Alexander Elliott. The place is no longer used as a 
public graveyard. Before it was set apart for this purpose, the Decker 
graveyard, in Delaware County, was used. 

Connected with the Hopewell Chui'ch is a burying-ground, where the re- 
mains of many early residents of the northern portion of the township repose. 
It is still a public cemetery. 

The McAllister graveyard, at Union Chapel, is not so large. It has been 
in use for thirty or more years. 

Close by an old log Presbyterian Church, which was located in the south- 
western part of the township, was a cemetery, which has also ceased to be used 
for this purpose. Another, south of Blues Creek, on the farm of William 
Scott, was known as Scott's Graveyard. 

MILLS. 

Nathan Meek, between the }-ears 1832 and 1833, constructed a mill, 
known as a "corn cracker," on Boke's Creek, about a mile below Pharisburg, 
which had a capacity of from twelve to forty bushels of corn per day. The 
mill-stones, about twenty inches in diameter, are still in use in the steam mill 



LEESBURG TOWNSHIP. 453 

at Pharisburg. An upright saw was attached to the mill, and, as civilization 
grow apace with the development of the settlements and the need of lumber 
was felt in the community, this mill supplied the primitive farmers with this 
commodity. It stood on the farm of Samuel Martin, and was sold by Mr. 
Meek to him. George Barcus afterward became the possessor, and from him 
Arad Franklin leased and operated it for three years. Mr. Witsbaugh next 
purchased it, but its period of usefulness had about expired, and little work 
was done after it came under his control. 

After disposing of the above mill, Mr. Meek built another, on the farm of 
John Woods, about one and three-fourths miles above Pharisburg. He sold 
it to John Warner, and in a few years it, too, was abandoned. 

Ingham Woods and John Elliott afterward built a saw mill, a little far- 
ther up Bokes Creek, on the same farm. A long race was dug, but by a mis- 
take of the millwright a fall of only three feet was obtained where nine had 
been expected. This was insufficient to give any value to the mill, and, after 
a considerable expense, the mill project was abandoned. 

In earliest times, the Scioto and Darby Creek mills, and one on Buck 
Creek, in Champaign County, were patronized by the denizens of Leesburg. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

H. D. ANDREWS, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Franklin County, Ohio, August 
29, 1842. His parents were Edward and Harriet (Lampson) Andrews, natives of Ohio, of En- 
glish descent, and both now deceased. Our subject is a farmer by occupation, and owns about 
fifty-eight acres of land, seven miles north of Marysville. During the late war, he enlisted, on 
August 1, 1861, in Company F, Thirty-first Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served four 
years, participating in some hotly contested engagements, among them being the battle of Stone 
River, Atlanta, Chickamauga, Kenesaw Mountain, Pittsburg Landing, Corinth, Lookout Mount- 
ain, Mission Ridge, Resaca and miny others of more or less importance. He was discharged 
July 1, 1865. He was married February 25, 1864, to Louise, daughter of David and Hannah 
(Hand) Lockwood, by whom he has two children — Don M., born April 21, 1866, and Clara E., 
born October 1, 1870. Mr. Andrews is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and in 
politics he is a Republican. His grandfather came to Ohio before Columbus was a town. Mrs. 
Andrews' mother was boi-n in Columbia County, N. Y., in September, 1807, and emigrated to 
Ohio at the age of ten years, settling on Darby Plains. She was married November 7, 1825, 
and lived in Union County fifty-seven years. 

BEE & MURPHY, dealers in hardware, tinware, stoves, nails and fixtures. Magnetic 
Springs. The firm doing business under the above title engaged in their present enterprise in 
September, 1882. They are live, energetic business men, and keep constantly on hand a full 
stock of such goods as are usually found in a first-class store of the above description. W. H. 
Bee, the senior partner, was born at Upper Sandusky, Ohio, January ?>0, 18.38, and is a son of 
George B. and Catherine (Wise) Bee, the former a native of England, and the latter of Richland 
County, Ohio. Their family consists of three sons and three daughters, one of the latter being 
the wife of Charles E. Ragon, of Columbus, Ohio. W. H. graduated at Upper Sandusky, 1877, 
and for two years taught school. He is a plasterer and stone and brick mason, at which trade 
he worked eleven months after coming to Magnetic Springs. He is a man of good business 
qualifications, and stands high in the esieem of the people at the Springs. 

J. W. BEEM, farmer, P. U. Magnetic Springs, was born in Union County, Ohio, May 1, 1837. 
He is a son of Michael Beem, who was born in Maryland, and emigi-ated to Ohio in 1813, set- 
tling in Licking County. He died in 187'.). Our subject was married September 19, 1861, to 
Hannah, daughter of John and Jane (Bridge) Dilsaver, and a native of Union County, born 
January 11, 1842 By this union two children were born, viz.: Hattie B., born June 28, 1862, 
and wife of Rev. W. J. Elliott, and Francis M., born October 7, 1870. Our subject owns a nice 
farm northwest of Magnetic Springs, on which he built a handsome residence in 1879. He has 
been a farmer most of his life, but for ten terms taught school. He is a Republican, a member 
of the M. P. Church, and at present a Township Trustee. His grandparents were Michael 
Beem, a Revolutionary soldier, and Ruth (Rose) Beem. 

ROBERT BLACK, deceased, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, March 17, 1826, and died 
in Union County July 11, 1868. He was a son of William and Martha Jane (Mark) Black, who 
were both Americans, of Irish ancestry. He was a life-long farmer, and at the time of his 
death owned 136 acres of land near Magnetic Springs, on which his family now reside, having 
lived there seventeen consecutive years. He was married November 13, 1849, to Mary Fresh- 
water, who was born April 12, 1829. Her father, George Freshwater, married Mary Hunter, 



434 HISTORY OF UNIOM COUNTY. 

who died after having borne him ten children, of whom Mrs Black was the youngest. He was 
married the second time, having two children by his second wife. Our subject was the father 
of nine children, viz.: Benjamin F., born February 5, 1851 ; Eliza Jane, born November 10, 
18.52; Archibald, born September 5, 1854; Lucy, wife of John W. Worline, born August 24, 
1856, and died November 20, 1880; Ameda, born August 20,1858, died September 12, 1876; 
Reuben, born in 1860; Mary, born September 30, 1864; Eunie, born January 26, 1866, and 
Rosanna, born March 17, 1868. 

JOHN BONNETT, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, Ohio, was born in Ohio County, W. Va., No- 
vember 8, 1808. He is a son of Lewis and Jane (McClain) Bonnett. He was raised on the 
farm, and had but few educational advantages. He adopted the occupation of a farmer, and 
has spent the whole of his life at that honorable avocation. He was married May 2, 1832, to 
Ann Mai'ia Davis, daughter of Isaac and Keziah (Askew) Davis, who were of German descent. 
This union was blessed with an issue of seven children, of whom only three now survive, viz.: 
Ralph S., Keziah Ryan and William. Mr. Bonnett is a member of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church, and a Republican in politics. He has met with well merited success in his farm oper- 
ations, and has lived to reach a ripe old age. Three of his sons answered the call of their coun- 
try to protect its flag when threatened by the traitorous hands of rebellious subjects. 

SAMUEL S. BREES, farmer, P. 0. Magnetic Springs, was born in Union County, Ohio, 
November 26, 1852. His parents were Samuel Brees, deceased, a native of Pennsylvania, of 
Irish descent, and Louisa Brees, a native of Licking County, Ohio, of Scotch descent. Our sub- 
ject was married April 15, 1872, to Lavina E. McVey, a daughter of Rev. I. N. and Belinda 
(AVest) McVey. She was born in Adams County, Ohio, July 22, 1852. By this union four 
children have been born, viz.: John 0., born May 16, 1873; Harrison, born in 1875; Reuben, 
1878, and Delia, 1880. Mr. Brees received his education in the common schools, and was 
brought up as a farmer, which occupation he continues to follow. 

T. M. BRANNAN, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Union County December 15, 
1840. He was a son of George W. and Mary (Jordan) Brannan, the former a native of Ohio of 
Scotch-Irish descent, and the latter a native of Pennsylvania, of Dutch descent. In 1858, our 
subject went to Piatt County, 111. At the first call for troops to put down the rebellion, he en- 
listed at Mahomet, Campaign Co., 111., but owing to the excess of volunteers, he was sent home 
after spending two weeks in camp at Urbana. On August 6, 1862, he again enlisted at Urbana, 
and after nearly three years' service was discharged at Galveston, Tex., July 22, 1865. He par- 
ticipated in the sieges of Vicksburg and Jackson, skirmishes at Champion Hill and Benton, 
Miss., battle at Jackson Cross Roads, skirmish at Jackson, La., and siege and assaulton Blakely, 
Ala. At Jackson Cross Roads he was wounded in the head, having his hat band shot off in two 
places, and received several balls through his clothing ; he was also taken prisoner and sent to 
Cahawba, Ala., where he remained a few days, when he was sent to Vicksburg for exchange, 
having been a prisoner but fifteen days. In the assault on Blakely, he had the honor of com- 
manding his Company (Company G, Seventy-sixth Illinois Volunteer Intantry), and was slightly 
wounded in the foot. He was promoted to First Sergeant for gallantry in the engagement, and 
was afterward commissioned Second Lieutenant by the Governor of Illinois for meritorious con- 
duct. On September 30, 1868, he married Amelia, daughter of A. E. and Diantha (Davis) Rosen- 
crans. She was born February 15, 1851, and by her Mr. Brannan has had three children, 
one deceased. Mr. Brannan is a member of the Patrons of Husbandry, of the Grand Army of 
the Republic, and, as is his wire, of the Methodist Protestant Church. He has acted as Township 
Trustee and School Director in his township. 

Q. W. CARY, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Madison County, Ohio, October 27, 
1821. He is a son of Ephriam and Matilda (Grundy) Gary, the former a native of Pennsylva- 
nia and the latter of Ohio, both of German descent. Our suttject was married October 7, 1847, 
to Mary E. Franklin, who was born February 23, 1827. She is a daughter of Herod and 
Nancy (White) Franklin, the former a native of New York, and the latter of Pennsylvania. Our 
subject has the following children : Mary M., Ruth, A. F., Hannah and Ann. Mr. Cary was 
one of nine children, four now living, the others being Stephen, Ruth and Tamson. His grand- 
parents were Luther and Rhoda Cary and Henry H. and Tamson Gandy, the latter having a 
second wife, Sarah. Mr. Cary's father was born in 1790, and died in July, 1854. His mother 
was born in IHOl, and died July, 1854. He owns eighty acres of land, and has resided in the 
county fifty-six years. He is a Republican, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

ROWLEY CLARK, farmer, P. 0. Scott's Corner and Rich wood, was born in Licking County, 
Ohio, January 27, 1827. His parents were Rowley and Roxanna (Patch) Clark, the latter a 
native of Vermont. They were among the early settlers of Licking County, where the former 
died in 1867, aged about seventy-nine years. Our subject was raised and educated in Licking 
County, where he was married about 1847 to Martha Hutchinson, a native of Knox County, by 
whom he had ten children, three boys and seven girls, the following surviving, viz.: Jane, Dan- 
iel, Ann Eliza, Estella, Alice and Benjamin Mr. Clark was a member of the Seventy-seventh 
Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Company A, Capt. Rogers, and served from August, 1864, 
until July, 1865, participating in several important battles and minor skirmishes. He has beea 
a resident of Union County for the past nine years. 



LEESBURG TOWNSHIP. 435 

J. P. CLEVE^fGrER, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Greene County, Ohio, March 19, 
1825. He is a son of Titus and Mary (Bowcock) Clevenger, tlie former a native of New York, 
and the latter of Highland County, Ohio. Our subject was married December 8, 1857, to Har- 
riet, daughter of James T. and Elizabeth (Blackstone) Wells. Mrs. Clevenger's paternal grand- 
father was captured by the Indians and held as a captive two and a half years. Her father was 
a soldier in the war of 1812. Mr. Clevenger's father was also in the last war with England. ^ L. 
B. Clevenger, a brother of our subject, was a Captain of cavalry for a time, during the rebellion. 
He was born April 27, 1827, and died April 5, 1882. He was twice elected Sheriff at Kingston, 
Caldwell Co., Mo., and served in that capacity four years. His father died in 1862, aged seventy 
years and three months. Mr. Clevenger owns a farm of seventy acres of well improved land one 
mile northeast of Pharisburg, on which he resides. 

.JESSE CARPENTER, deceased, was born in the State of Virginia June 24, 1810, and died 
in Union County, Ohio, December 11, 1875. He was married June 18, 1868, to Mrs. Annis 
(West) Faland, daughter of David and Asenath (Olmstead) West, and widow of William E. Fa- 
land. She was born in the State of New York, February 5, 1829, and emigrated to Ohio with 
her parents when five years of age. By her marriage to Mr. Faland she has three children — 
Ida M., Frank and Dora. By her second marriage she had six children, of whom four survive, 
viz.: James B., David T., Mary E. and William. Mrs. Carpenter owns 136 acres of land on 
which she resides. She is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Carpenter was 
a thorough, practical farmer, and a good citizen, highly respected by the people of his county. 

ADEXANDER CRIST, farmer and boot and shoe maker, Pharisburg, was born in Hocking 
County, Ohio, June 18, 1838. He is a son of Henry and Marion (Hollister) Crist, natives of 
New York, who emigrated to Ohio in 1833 or 1834. Our subject was married December 6, 1866, 
to Elma Armstrong, a daughter of John and Emily (Henry) Armstrong. She was born March 
29, 1839, and by her Mr. Crist has had five children, four boys and one girl. Mr. Crist en- 
listed in the late war on September 1, 1861, and was discharged by reason of disability Septem- 
ber 16, 1862. His leg was amputated below the knee by Dr. Haven, on June 26, 1882, and he 
receives a pension from the Government on that account. He is a member of Marysville Lodge, 
No. 87, I. 0. 0. F. 

J. W. CURRY, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Jerome Township, Union County, 
Ohio, March 13, 1847. He is a son of Stephenson and Sarah D. (Robinson) Curry, both na- 
tives of Ohio. Our subject received the schooling usually afforded farm boys, and early at- 
tached himself to the work of a farmer, which he followed through his minority. On December 
19, 1872, he married Jennie Cook, a daughter of John A. and Barbara (Tanner) Cook, the for- 
mer a native of Kentucky, and the latter of Ohio. Mr. Curry is a Democrat in politics, and by 
occupation a farmer. For five years he was a resident of Richwood, but has since taken up his 
abode in Leesburg Township. 

JOHN DUNNEN, farmer, P. 0. Claibourne, was born in Richland County, Ohio, November 

25, 1836. His father, Samuel Dunnen, was born in Scotland and in 1828 emigrated to Ohio, 
where he died in 1852, aged seventy-five years. His wife, Margaret (Linn) Dunnen, was born 
in Guernsey County, Ohio, and was a daughter of Col. John Linn, of the Revolutionary war. 
Our subject was raised and educated in his native county. He has spent his life farming, with 
the exception of seven years, during which he operated a saw mill. He was married to Eliza 
Walters, a daughter of George and Catharine (Warner) Walters, and a native of Union County, 
born November 13, 1850. Mr. Dunnen his four children, viz., Willie S. born August 30, 1869; 
Wilner L., born November 28, 1870; Fay A., born February 4, 1872, died May 24, 1879, and 
George W., born March 19, 1874. Mr. Dunnen is a Democrat, and has acted as a School Direc- 
tor. He owns thirty acres of land near Claibourne P. 0., on which he resides. 

JACOB DAYMUDE, deceased, was born in Virginia January 16, 1809, and died September 
11, 1882. At the age of twenty years, he came to Ohio, and settled in Perry County. On July 
2, 1840, he married Mary A. Spicer, a daughter of Absalom and Mahala (Moore) Spicer. They 
had the following children: John H., born March 21, 1841; James William, born April 6, 
1813; Ephraim, born January 20, 1846 ; Benjamin F., born September 11, 1848 ; George W., 
born June 27, 1851 ; Lucy, born January 22, 1854, wife of G. W. Scott, and mother of three 
children — Mary Alice, IraG. and Jacob, deceased ; Ardilla, born November 15, 1866, died April 

26, 1857, William F., born July 22, 1864, and Jacob born March 15, 1858. Benjamin F. was 
raised in Franklin County, and educated in the Perry County High Schools. He taught school 
eight years in Franklin County, and then turned his attention to farming. He was married 
September 14, 1876, to Sarah J., daughter of William and Sirah (Artz) Warner. She was born 
August 21, 1855. They have one child, Curtis W., born April 30, 1878. Benj. F. Daymude is a 
Democrat, and he and wife are members of the Methodist Protestant Church. 

SIMEON DEWITT, farmer, P. 0. Magnetic Springs, is a son of Amos and Rachel (Harris) 
Dewitt, natives of Virginia, of English descent, who emigrated to Ohio at an early day, and set- 
tled in Knox County, where our subject was born in June, 1825, and where he remained until 
he reached his majority. On October 28, 1845, he married Elizabeth Ann, daughter of William 
and Jane Cams, and a native of Knox County, where she was born July 3, 1825. By this union 
eight children were born, of whom five survive, viz.: Douglas W., born October 14, 1848, mar- 



436 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

ried Cornelia, daughter of John and Nancy Jenkins, and has four children — Simon, George, 
Levi and Burton; Bryant, born May 6,1850, married Elizabeth Widener — children, Myrta, 
ArvcUa, Rosella and Blanch E.; Louisa, born February 16, 1853, wife of William Pierce, by whom 
she has three children; Charles B., born April 6, 1856, and Martha B., born February 16, 1860. 
Mr. Dewitt is a farmer by occupation, and owns fifty acres of land near Magnetic Springs. He 
is a Republican and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

N. D. DEGOOD, farmer, P. 0. Magnetic Springs, is a son of Thomas and Rachel (McClain) 
Degood, the former a native of Penusylvania, and the latter of Knox County, Ohio. He was 
born in Leesburg Township, October 10, 1841, and on April 2, 1862, married Almada, daughter 
of Abner and Catherine Liggett. She was born April 2, 1841. Mr. Degood was reared on a 
farm, and now owns 100 acres of land near Magnetic Springs. He originally owned 162 acres, 
but has disposed of some by making additions to the village of Magnetic Springs. He owns the 
beautiful grove that lies southwest of the village, which he intends to furnish with every appli- 
ance for a pleasure grove. He has recently arranged with a Cleveland company to sink a drive 
well on the premises that will furnish an ample supply of water for all purposes to the visitors 
at the grove. His place promises to be one cf the chief attractions at this attraciive little resort. 

THOMAS B. DAVIS, caterer, haker and confectioner. Magnetic Springs, was born in 
Champaign County, Ohio, November 28, 1838. His parents, William Davis, deceased, and Jane 
(McCorkle) Davis, were natives of Ohio, of Irish descent, and the latter is now a resident of 
Mechanicsburg, over sixty-five years of age. Our subject was married August 22, 1866, to Eda 
J., daughter of Nathaniel and Lavina (Timmons) Banker, the former a native of New Hamp- 
shire, and the latter of Ohio, both of E.'glish extraction. By this union six children were bom. 
viz.: An infant, deceased; Lida 1., William H. H., Carrie May, Nellie, deceased, aged eighteen 
months, and Thomas G. Mr. Davis is by occupation a baker and proprietor of a restaurant. 
He was reared on a farm and did not come to the Springs until 1882. In October, 1861, he en- 
listed in the Sixty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served until July 5, 1862, when he was 
discharged on account of disability. He is a Republican, and for a year served as a Constable in 
Pike Township, Madison County. He had three brothers and three sisters, viz.: Martha E., 
Mary N., deceased. Eliza .1., deceased, William D., deceased, Solomon L , deceased, and John H. 

JOHN ELLIOTT, retired, P. 0. Pharisburg, son of Alexander and Jane (Chatterfield) Elliolt, 
natives of Pennsylvania, of English descent, was born at Brookfield, Ohio, September 17, 1800, 
and educated in the common schools of Clark County. He adopted the occupation of a farmer 
and followed that honorable avocation with a good deal of success, until he retired from active 
business life. He owns 120 acres of land, one mile from Pharisburg, of which twenty-five 
acres are timber lands. On January 22, 1832, he married Louisa Wood, daughter of John and 
Phebe (Bradford) Wood. She was born in Clark County, Ohio, February 22, 1815. They xre 
the parents often children, seven living, viz.: William, married; John, married; Elizabeth wife 
of Marshall Morris and mother of eight children: Sabina, Mary, Amanda and Minerva; one son 
and three daughters are deceased. .Mr. Elliott has forty-eight grandchildren. He is a member 
of the Universalist Church, and a Republican in politics; he has served his township as Treas- 
urer, Trustee and School Director. 

J. E. EVANS, tile manufacturer. Magnetic Springs, was born iu Union County, December 
14, 1854. He is a son of Jacob M. and Rebecca (Stratton) Evans. His father was a native of 
Virginia and emigrated to Ohio at the age of nine years, he was of Welsh and German ancestry. 
Our subject was raised on a farm, attending the district schools as occasion offered, and followed 
farm life until eighteen years of age, when he engaged in the manufacture of drain tile, in 
which he has met with good success. He now has facilities for burning eighteen kilns or 350 
rods at a time. He was married September 1, 1882, to Dora Wetzel, a daughter of Abraham and 
Fanny Wetzel, and a native of Pennsylvania, born September 1, 18G4. 

R. W. EVANS, farmer. P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Franklin County, Ohio, April 26, 1840. 
He is a son of Samuel and Sophia (Wright) Evans, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the 
latter of Maryland. They emigrated to Ohio in 1811, and located in Franklin County. Our 
subject was married Fet>ruary 13, 18f'.G, to Ellinda C., daughter of Reuben and Margaret (Wil- 
kins) Miller, and a native of Ohio. By this union two children were born, viz.: Lew Wallace, 
born February 16, 1869, and Amy Dell, born February 14, 1878. Mr. Evans is a farmer by 
occupation, and a Republican in politics, acted as Township Trustee two terms. In October 22, 
1861, he enlisted in Company F, First Batialion, Eighteenth Regiment United States Infantry, 
Capt. Andiews, and served three years, receiving a wound in the right arm at Jonesboro, 
Ga., September 1, 1864. He served in seventeen different battles, carried the colors through 
all but one, and for a time commanded his company. He was in the siege of Corinth, battle of 
Stone River, Hoover's Gap, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, Buzzard's Roost, 
Resaca, Pumpkin Vine Creek, Kenesaw Mountain, siege of Atlanta and Jonesboro. and 
several minor engagements and skirmishes. His grandfather was a soldier in the war of 1812. 

ADAM FAUSNAUGH, farmer, P. O. Richwood. was born in Franklin County, Ohio, and 
was a son of Adam and Mary Elizabeth (.Andricks) Fausnaugh. He was rai-ed on the farm and 
educated in the common schools of Fairfield County. When about sixteen years of age he came 
to Union County, and has since made this the place of his abode. He early adopted the occupa- 



LEESBURG TOWNSHIP. 437 

tion of a farmer, and has devoted the whole of his life to agricultural pursuits, meeting with 
well merited success in all his undertakings. He is an energetic, practical farmer, and a stanch 
supporter of the principles of the Republican party, On April 2, 1861, he was married by Rev. 
Long, in Delaware County, and has had four children, viz.: Emory E., Sanh E., Louise, de- 
ceased, and Lollie May. 

WILLIAM FOSTER, retired, P.O. Pharisburg, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio. October 
7, 1811. He is a son of John and Elizabeth (Parker) Foster, who were the parents of three 
sons and one daughter. He was reared on a farm and educated in Champaign County. He 
taught school for six months, and is also a house joiner by occupation, but has devoted himself 
principally to farming. He now owns about forty-six acres of land two miles northwest of 
Pharisburg, on which he and his family have resided forty-two years. He was married Decem- 
ber 5, 1839. to Miss Elizabeth Wood, one of a family of eight pons and four daughters, born to 
.John and Phebe (Bradford) Wood. She whs a native of Champaign County, where she was 
born April 17, 1818, when that county was still in its youth. By her marriage to our subject, 
she has had born to her two children. 

E. W. FISHER, proprietor of sample room. Magnetic Springs, was born in Portage County, 
Ohio, August 26, 1857. He is a son of Eli and Sui-an (Strong) Fisher, natives of Ohio. Our 
subject was married December 27, 1876, to Magdeline Finley, a daughter of Col. J. H Finley ; 
she was born in April, 1850. Our subject lived in this county until nineteen years of age, when 
he went to Madison County, and in the fall of 1880 came to Magnetic Springs and engaged in the 
grocery business, in which he continued six months. He afterward opened billiard rfioms and 
ten pin alleys, which he is conducting, and which furnish a source of recreation to the many 
visitors at the Springs. Mr. Fisher, though young in years, is an enterprising gentleman and a 
good citizen. He owns a nice property in the village, which he now occupies. 

JAMES C. FISH, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Frederick County, Md., July 20, 
1826. He is a son of James C. and Margaret (Easterday) Fish, the former of Irish, and the lat- 
ter of German descent. Our subject was married October 13, 1852, to Miss Martha A. Fwr- 
num, daughter of Henry and Fanny (Hamilton) Farnum, and a native of Columbus, Ohio, where 
she was born December 9, 1825. Her father was born in Vermont in 1796, and died in Ohio in 
1860. Her mother was two months older and a native of Columbus. Mr. and Mrs. Fish have 
had five children, viz.: Clara Jane, wife of George Weaver, born August 29, 1853 ; J. H., bora 
June 1, 1855, and married to Ella May Amrine, daughter of James and Matilda (Woodford) 
Amrine; Fannie, born July 8, 1858 ; Rosa H., born June 13, 1862; and Edward McClellan, born 
October 5, 1865. Mr. Fish owns 135 acres of land north of Marysville, on which he resides. He 
is a farmer and stock-raiser by occupation, and makes a specialty of raising cattle. He is a mem- 
ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

JOHN FLEMING, retired farmer, P. 0. Magnetic Springs, was born in Ross County, Ohio, 
November 10, 1814. His parents were James Fleming, a native of Ireland, and Jane (Brown) 
Fleming, a native of Pennsylvnnia. His father emigrated from Ireland to America at an early 
day, and afterward came to Ohio. Our subject was raised as a farmer, and continued in that 
occupation, until in his declining years he has retired from the active duties of his farm and is 
living a life of retirement. In 1884, he married Phoebe Minter, a native of Ohio, by whom he 
had thirteen children, seven surviving, viz.: Elizabeth, Margaret, Sarah, John, Rosanna, Belle 
and Benjamin. Mr. Fleming is a Republican in politics, and during his residence in the town- 
ship he has filled the offices of Justice of the Peace and Constable. He is a member of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church, and until his retirement was a successful farmer. 

T. F. GANTT, carpenter and farmer, P. 0. Marysville, Ohio, was born in Loudoun 
County, Va.. February 16, 1826. He is a son of Samuel and Mary (Andres) Gantt, natives of 
Virginia, the former of English and the latter of German descent. Our subject was married 
June 22, 1852. to Margretia Snell, a daughter of David and Elizabeth (Berry) Snell, and a na- 
tive of Virginia, where she was b^rn April 25, 1825. By this union eight children wei-e born, 
viz : Marcus M., T. Tilraore, Franklin L., Stella May, Charley E., Ida Loduska, Clara Etta and 
Miriam H. Mr. Gantt lived in Knox County from 1832, until 1862, when he came to Union 
County. He is a carpc ter and farmer by occupation, owns sixty-three acres of good land, and 
works at his trade when opportunity offers. 

B. GREEN, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Virginia August 13, 1833, and is a son 
of William and Matilda (Harden) Green. He emigrated to Ohio in 1854, and located in Guern- 
sey County, where he remained one year, after which he lived in Licking County seventeen 
years and then came to Union County, which has since been his place of residence. He was 
married October 2, 1856, to Elizabeth, daughter of Andrew and Lydia (Stoolfire) Deeds. She 
was born in Pennsylvania December 13, i839, and emigrated to Ohio with her father when 
twelve years of age. By their union eight children were born, viz.: William A., deceased; Mar- 
garet E , deceased ; L. A., A. L., R. C, George B., deceased ; A. B. and B. S. Mr. Green is a 
farmer and stock-rai-cr by occupation, and owns 151 acres of land. He is a Democrat in poli- 
tics, a member of the Grange and Odd Fellows Societies, and with his wife, a meaiber of the 
Methodist Prot«-stant Church. Mrs. Green and one daughter are members of Lodge No. 118 
Daughters of Rebekah, at Pharisburg. 



438 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

S. N. HAMNER, fanner, P. O. Ostrander, is a son of James and Ann (Gay) Hamner, na- 
tives of Virginia, of English descent, and was born in the Old Dominion October 23, 1850. He 
was reared on a farm in Virginia, where his parents reside, and attenaed the common schools of 
his native county. In 1878, he came to Ohio and located in Delaware County, where he re- 
mained until 1881, when he purchased forty-eight acres of land five miles northwest of Ostrander, 
at §50 per acre, on which he resides. On .January 13, 1874, he married Willa, daughter of 
Benjamin and Susan (Brown) Childress, of Virginia. By this union two children have been 
born, viz.: Edgar .1., born March 17, 1876, and Henry E., born December 16, 1877. Mr. Ham- 
ner is purely a self-made man, having obtained the whole of his substance by his own personal 
efforts. His wife is a member of the Methodist Church. 

ABRAHAM HALL, farmer, P. 0. Magnetic Springs, was born in Richland County, Ohio, 
March 17, 1821. His parents were Caleb and Sarah (Anderson) Hall, natives of New Jersey, of 
English descent, and both now deceased, the former dying at the age of fifty-nine years and ten 
months, and the latter at the age of seventy-three years. They resided in Delaware County for 
a time, and when Mr. Hall died, Mrs. Hall married Lewis Evans. Our subject was married July 
24, 1842, to Catharine Gossage, by whom he had six children, viz.: Cynthia A., William A., J. 
W., Edward A., Albert P. and Rose Estelle, deceased. Mrs. Hall died August 30, 1865, and on 
June 24, 1866, Mr. Hall married Mary Alexander, a daughter of Francis and Nancy Alexander, 
and a native of Virginia, born September 21, 1820. Mr. Hall owns fifty-two acres of land south 
of Magnetic Springs, on which he resides and which he is engaged in cultivating. He is a mem- 
ber of the Christian Union Church, a Democrat in politics, and for fourteen years has acted as a 
School Director. He resided in Westerville ten or twelve years, and has been on the farm 
twenty-five years. 

H. C. HOSKINS, farmer, P. 0. Magnetic Springs, was born in Leesburg Township Jan- 
uary 18, 1832. He is a son of Richard and Ann H. (Martin) Hoskins, the former a native of 
Franklin County, Ohio, of Welsh descent, and the latter a native of Virginia. The father came 
to this country when three years of age with his parents, and in 1855 settled on the land now 
owned by our subject, where he and his wife died. Our subject was raised on the farm and has 
resided on a farm for twenty-seven years, now owning nearly 148 acres. He was for a time 
engaged in growing grapes with J. E. Newhouse, to whom he sold his interest in 1866. On 
October 8, 1868, he married Telitba H., daughter of Moses and Ellen (Prichard) Welsh, a na- 
tive of Ohio, born in 1842. By her be had one child, who died in infancy. Mrs. Hoskins 
died January 8, 1870, and on July 20, 1871, Mr. Hoskins married Rebecca Harrod, daughter of 
John and Telitha (F^richard) Harrod. By this union three children were born, viz.: John R., 
born October 1, 1872; Telitha OUie, born September 9, 1874, and Don P., born August 25, 
1878. Mr. Hoskins is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

0. JEWETT, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Vermont August 14, 1812 ; parents 
were Elam and Lucy (Rice) Jewett, natives of Veriiont, of English descent, who emigrated to 
Franklin County, Oiiio, in 1814. Our subject was educated in the common schools of Ohio 
and received his youthful training on the farm. He followed blacksmithing for about ten 
years since 1848, and has resided on the farm for twenty four years. He has been twice mar- 
ried ; hy his first wife, Catharine, whom he married September 28, 1834. he had six children, 
of whom one only survives, viz., Catliarine, wife of Daniel Moren, of Vermont. On March 24, 
1850, he married .Johanna, daughter o William and Vlary Barcus, and a native of Cosnocton 
County, Ohio, where she was born June 7, 1831. The family now consists of the followjiijj chil- 
dren: Emily, Lucy, T. P., Minnie, Alice A. and Charles 0. Two sons were lost in ihe war of 
the rebellion. Mr. Jewett owns eighty acres of land, on which he resides. He is a member 
of the Masonic fraternity, with which he has been connected ihirty-tive years; a Republican in 
politics and a member of the Universalist Church. He has acted as School Director andi for 
six or seven years as Justice of the Peace. 

HENRY T. JONES farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Richland County, Ohio, Mty 13, 
1850, and is a son of Henry T. and Julia Ann (Burk) Jones. His father was a native of Vir- 
ginia, of German descent, and emigrated to Union County in 1860. Our subject was raised on 
a farm ; has lived in this county since ten years of age. He operated a threshin^r machine tor 
fourteen years, after which be ran a saw mill for eighteen months, since which he has been a 
farmer. He was the eighth child of a family of thirteen children, of whom nine survive. He 
was married March 12, 1870. to Ruth, daughter of G. W. and .Mary E. (Franklin) Cary. She 
was born in Union County, September 14, 1853. They have had six children, four living, viz.: 
Nancy M., Nina May, Wilbert A., Roy F., Ray A. and Milo M. Mr. Jones is a member of the 
subordinate lodge and encampmetii of Odd Fellows at Richwood. 

WJLLIA.M W. JONES, f.rmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, March 
28, 1841. His parents were Edward and Ann (Dewing) Jones, the former of Welsh and tlie 
latter of Scotch descent. Onr subject was reared on a farm and educated in Troy Township, 
Delaware County. During the rebellion, he enlisted in Company F, Ninety-sixth I'egimeni, 
*jhio Volunteer Infantry, Capt. Wiser, and served six months. At the battle of Arkansas Post, Jan- 
uary 11, 18o3, he received a gunshot wound in the hip, which confined him to the hospital at St. 
Louis for ten months, after which he was di charged. He is a Democrat in politics, and he and his 




(jfcyfzM, 



LEESBURG TOWNSHIP. 441 

wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. He was married March 25, 1866, to Miss Lydia A. 
Williams, a daughter of William .J. and Lydia (Coonfare) Williams, and a native of Delaware 
County, born October 27, 1845. By this union six children were born, viz.: Charles, Cora F., 
Annas., Rosa D., Willie T. and an infant. Mr. Jones owns nearly 100 acres of land four 
miles southwest of Richwood, on which he resides. 

SAMUEL JOHNSON, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Harrison County, Ohio, Jan- 
uary 1 1 , 1822. His father, Elias Johnson, was horn in Brooke County, W. Va., of Welsh ancestry, 
July 22, 1794, and died in Ohio, Decembers, 1865. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, 
His wife, Eliza Hide, was born in Harrison County, Ohio, September 26, 1803, and was mar- 
ried when between fourteen and fifteen years of age. They had six children, Elias, Eliza, Eliza- 
beth, Margaret, Louisa and Samuel. Our subject was married March 14, 1850, to Catherine 
Walters, who was born in Harrison County September 4, 1882. Her grandparents were Jacob 
and Magdalen Walters, natives of Germany, and Abraham and Jnlia Ann (Friend) Warner. 
Her motlier was born November 15, lb09, and died February 28, 1880. She was married Sep- 
tember 10, 1829, and came to this county forty-eight years ago. Mr. Johnson is a farmer by 
occupation, and owns about 260 acres of land in York and Leesburg Townships. He has re- 
sided in this township since April 19, 1881. 

ISRAEL JORDAN, carpenter and farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Licking County, 
Ohio, June 28, 1822, and is a son of James and Mary (Wells) Jordan, natives of Maine, of En- 
glish descent, who emigrated to Ohio when Israel was three years of age, and located in Licking 
County. Our subject early adopted the occupation of farming, to which he had been reared, 
also learning and working at the carpenter trade. He was educated at Hartford, where he re- 
mained until eighteen years of age, receiving a thorough English education. In politics, he is 
an old line Democrat, having cast his first ballot for ;Martin Van Buren. He came to this 
county about twenty-five years ago and for a full quarter of a century has made this the place 
of his abode. 

J. L. JOLLIFF, merchant, Magnetic Springs, son of Eli Jolliff, deceased, and Mar- 
garet (Wells) Jolliff, was born in Union County, Ohio, January 20, 1857, and on April 11, 1880, 
married Emma Hoskins, a daughter of J. M. and Elizabeth (Fleming) Hoskios, and a native of 
Leesburg Township. By this union one child was born, namely: Clyde H., born April 5, 1881. 
Our subject's mother married for a second husband William Holt, with whom she and family 
moved to Missouri in 1874. While there, J. L. taught school for five years in Grundy County. 
He also read law for eighteen months. On January 28. 1882, he' engaged in mercantile busi- 
ness, in which he still continues under the firm name of Hill & Jolliff. He is a member of Mt^ 
Carmel Lodge, No. 303, F. & A. M., Richwood Lodge, No. 443, I. 0. 0. F.; a Republican in 
politics and a member of the Christian Church. Mrs. JoUiflF is also a member of the Christian 
Church and of Leesburg Lodge of Daughters of Rebekah. 

ISAAC JOLLIFF, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Holmes County, Ohio, October 23, 
1840, and on October 22, 1861, married Mary Olaughlin, daughter of James and Mary (Crow) 
Olaughlin, and a native of Ireland, where she was born May 29, 1838. By this marriage, thir- 
teen children have been born, viz.: James L., John W., Charles E., George W., Hannah A., 
Martin S. and Samuel L., twins, Ladora E., Nora I., Maggie V., an infant deceased, Benjamin 
C. and Letta J. Mr. Jolliff ia a farmer by occupation and owns 100 acres of well-improved 
land, on which he resides. He is a Piepublican in politics and a member of the Christian 
Church. James L., his son, was married July 4, 188U, to Martha, daughter of John and Ade- 
line (Wells) Maskill, and a native of Ohio, where she was born August 10, 1863. They have 
one child, Freddie G., born May, 1881. 

LEVI KEERAN, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, Ohio, was born in Culpeper County, Va., June 
28, 1829. He is a son of Samuel and Sarah (Lilly) Keeran, natives of Virginia. He early 
adopted the pursuits of a farmer, and has since devoted his life to farming and stock-raising, 
being particularly interested in the raising of sheep, of which he now has nearly 200 head on 
his farm. In August, 1864, he became the Superintendent of the County Infirmary, in which 
capacity he served until March 7, 1871, and again from 1877 to 1879. He took charge of the 
institution when there were but eight inmates, and left it with an enrollment of forty. He now 
owns fifty acres of land in Taylor Township, and fifty-eight acres in this township, on which he 
resides, giving the'whole of his attention to his farm operations. He was married in September, 
1855, to Caroline Olds, daughter of C. J. and Mary (Morse) Olds, the former a native of New 
York State, of English descent, and the latter a native of Grandisland, of French descent ; by this 
union twelve children were born, viz.: William Wallace, Henry L.. deceased, Mary E., deceased, 
Eva C, Albert C, George D., Eli M., Walter M., deceased, Arthur, deceased, Robert 0., Lewis 
M., deceased, and Lucy P. Mr. and Mrs. Keeran are members of the M. E. Church. He was 
a Democrat in politics, until the time of Buchanan, when he severed his connection with that 
party. He acted as Township Trustee for two terms, and as a School Director for many years. 

M. F. LANGSTAFF, Magnetic Springs, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, August 27, 
1855. His father, E. W. LangstaflF, son of Asa L. and Laney Ann Langstaff, was born in Musk- 
ingum County in February, 1831. His mother Elizabeth (Norman) Langstaff, daughter of John 
and Jane Norman, was born in Muskingum County, in 1832. They fcad nine children, five sons 

24 



442 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

and four daughters, viz.: Laney Ann, wife of William Ferguson; Frances M., deceased ; M. t. 
Adolphus, deceased; William, deceased; Emma, wife of J. C. Cameron; Ida, Judson and Johu, 
Our subject was married in Leesburg Township, December 2, 1877, by the late Rev. J. W. Hos- 
kins, to Mary T., daughter of William Finley, deceased, and Ura (Newhouse) Finley, the lat- 
ter now the wife of David Schwartz. Mrs. LangstaflF has an only sister who is now the wife 
of Martin Hair ; one brother William, and two half brothers, Gilmore and Earnest. Our sub- 
ject learned the trade of a carpenter with J. W. Newhouse, and for the past nine years has 
followed his trade, during that time also contracting for the building of houses. He is also 
concerned in the management of a bath house at Magnetic Springs. He is a Republican in 
politics. Mrs. Langstaff is a member of the Christian Church. 

REV. I. N. MCVAY, pastor of the M. P. Church, Pharisburg, is a son of Luther and Jane 
(Patterson) McVay, natives of Pennsylvania, and was born in Washington County, Penn., 
June 30, 1810. On July 19, 1832, he was married in Clinton County, by William An- 
tram, J. P., to Belinda, daughter of Robert and Henrietta (Fairfax) West, and a native oi 
Brown County, Ohio, born January 30, 1811. They had eleven children, viz.: Jane, deceaseu, 
Robert, John, Polly Ann, Nancy C, deceased, Harrison \V., Henrietta, Sallie, deceased, Martha 
Etta, Lavina and Isaac. Mr. McVay was raised as a farmer, but also worked at blacksmithing, 
carpentering, wagon making, boot and shoe making, coopering, masonry, etc. He has been a 
minister of the M. P. Church two score years, and in Pharisburg twenty-three years. He was 
a local preacher sixteen years. He cast his first vote for Gen. Jackson, jor President, after 
which he was a Republican until recently he has become a Prohibitionist. He is a member of 
Mt. Carmel Lodge, No. 303, at Richwood. 

DARIUS McINTIRE, retired farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Clark County, Ohio, May 
15, 1823. He is a son of James and Nancy (Roback) Mclntire, natives of Pennsylvania, the former 
of Irish and the latter of Dutch descent. They had ten children, five boys and five girls of 
whom two boys and one girl survive. Our subject, who was the ninth child, was brought up on 
the farm, and has followed farming until recently, when he retired from active life. His wife 
Betsey was born June 11, 1828, and was married June 27, 1848. They have three children — 
Elatha Ann, born January 12, 1851, wife ot Francis M. Clevenger, by whom she has one child, 
Sarah Jane, born November 25, 1872; Clarissa J., born April 30, 1858, wife of Francis M. Loy ; 
and James I. born July 4, I860.- Mr. iMcIntire enlisted on September 14, 1861, in the Six- 
teenth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served fifteen months ; he was also a member of 
the One Hundredth Ohio Cavalry. 

JOHN McAllister, farmer, P. 0. Magnetic Springs, was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, 
November 4, 1829. He is the sixth son of John McAllister, deceased, a native of Pickaway 
County, of Scotch-Irish descent, and Mary (Grattan) McAllister, a native of Virginia, of Dutch 
and Irish descent. They had eleven children, of whom six survive. Our subject was married 
March 1, 1853, to Hester Ann, fifth child often children born to John and Keziah (Johnson) 
Bird, the former of Dutch descent and now deceased, and the latter a native of Pennsylvania, 
of Dutch descent. She was born in Knox County, Ohio, February 17, 1833, and by her Mr. 
McAllister has had ten children, viz.: Zoa Z., born May 12, 1854, wife of H. D. Wright ; 
Oscar R., born September 7, 1855, died October 28, 1855 ; Silva Z., born December 22, 1856, 
wife of Frank Bruce; John W., born December 15, 1858, died December 13, 1879; Orin K., 
born April 20, 1861, died May 20, 1862; Emma R., born August 8, 1863 ; Elva B., born March 
28,1866; Dillon, born January 30, 1868 ; Owen C, born March 27, 1870 ; and Frank, born August 
12, 1873. Mr. McAllister is a farmer and a Republican and has been Township Trustee several 
years. His father served in the war of 1812. 

D. McLEAN, farmer, P. 0. Magnetic Springs, was born at Washington C. H., Fayette 
County, Ohio, January 3, 1838, and on October 23, 1859, married Joanna Degood, a native of 
Ohio and a daughter of Thomas and Joanna Degood, the former of English and the latter of 
Scotch descent. By this union three children were born, viz.: Orville, born February 10, 
1861; Rosetta, born March 6, 1863, and Lewis, born April 1, 1865. Mr. Degood owns 108 
acres of good land two miles southeast of Magnetic Springs, on which he resides. He is also 
the holder of a one-fourth interest in the bath-house at the Springs. In politics, he has es- 
poused the cause of the Prohibition party, and is an earnest advocate of all works of reform. 
His grandmother Degood was a niece of Admiral Nelson. His parents, Daniel and Helen (Boyd) 
McLean, were natives of Ohio, of Scotch descent. The name McLean is traceable far back 
among the old Scottish clans, one of that name having been the chief of a powerful clan during 
the fifteenth centuiy. 

JOSEPH MOREY, farmer, P. 0. Magnetic Springs, was born in Knox County, Ohio, August 
5, 1823, and remained in that county until fourteen years of age, after which he lived several 
years in Indiana and in Shelby County, Ohio, his mother dying in the latter place. He also re- 
sided six years in Delaware County, after which he came to Union County. He was married in 
Knox County, Ohio, October 8, 1846, to Elizabeth, a daughter of Jacob and Mary (Ports) Gossage, 
and a native of Jefferson County, Ohio, where she was born March 28, 1826. By this union ten 
children were born, viz.: Cordelia A., Sarah M., Hannah A., Joseph G., Adam L., Benjamin 
F., Mary E., William S., Laura D. and Hattie. Of these, eight are living and four are married 



LEES BURG TOWNSHIP. 443 

and have families. Mr. Morey is a farmer and owns 12'i acres in this township, on which he 
resides. He is a Prohibtionist in politics, and for forty years has been a member of the Meth- 
odist Episcopal Church, in which his wife has been a member thirty years ; he has acted as a 
class-leader and steward. His ptrents were John and Hannah (Gosnell) Morey, natives of 
New York State, the former of English and Scotch and the latter of Dutch and English descent. 

GEORGE MAY, farmer, P. 0. Magnetic Springs, son of James and Mary (Moore) May, 
was born in Pennsylvania May 9, 1848, and came to Ohio at the age of fifteen years. He was 
reared on a farm and received his education in the district schools of his native State. He has 
adopted farming for a life occupation and now owns land near Magnetic Springs. On March 
22, 1869, he was united in marriage to Miss Hannah Ann Morey, a daughter of Joseph and 
Elizabeth (Gossage) Morey, whose sketch appears in this work. She was born July 22, 1847, 
and by her Mr. May has had five children, viz.: Roselby, born January 19, 1872, and died 
January 4, 1880; Ora, born September 22, 1876, deceased ; James R., born October 16, 1872 ; 
Mary Ann, born May 7, 1877, and Jennie, born April 2, 1880. 

H. S. MAY, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Crawford County, Ohio, January 9, 
1830. He is a son of William and Sarah (Burchfield) May, natives of Pennsylvania, the former 
of Irish and the latter of German descent. Our subject early commenced the life of a farmer, 
and has spent his life in thai occupation. He occupies a fiirm of fifty-three acres of land, one 
and one-half miles south of Pharisburg, which he cultivates in a successful manner. In 1867, 
he married Virginia (Evans) McAdow, widow of James VV. McAdow, deceased ; by this union 
one child has been born, viz.: Frances Lena, born February 12, 1870. Mr. May is a Demo- 
crat in politics, and a member of the M. P. Church. Mrs. May is of Irish and English descent, 
her parents both being natives of the "Old Dominion," the father of Irish and the mother of 
English parentage. 

RICHARD MAYFIELD, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Licking County, Ohio, Octo- 
ber 24, 18-37, and is a son of William and Eleanor (Conaway) Maytield, natives of Ohio, and the 
latter a daughter of David Conaway. At the age of nine years our subject went to Delaware 
County, where he lived until January 20, 1860, when he married Malinda, a daughter of Daniel 
and Catharine (Thompson) Ross, and a native of Ohio, born October 20, 1840. After their 
marriage they moved to Marion County and thence to Union County, where they have since re- 
sided. They have had five children, three boys and two girls, viz.: Edward S., Jennie 0., 
Emma C, Richard and William. Mr. Mayfield is a Republican in politics and a farmer by oc- 
cupation, now owning 115 acres where he resides. He and wife are members of the Methodist 
Episcopal Church. He enlisted for three months during the rebellion, in Company C, One 
Hundred and Forty-fifth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Capt. Wallace, and was in service 
nearly five months. He is a member of Pharisburg Lodge, No. 664, I. 0. 0. F. 

JOHN Mc. HAMILTON, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born December 9, 1807. His father 
was James Hamilton, son of Thomas and Lydia Hamilton. His mother was Margaret (McClain) 
Hamilton. Our subject received his education in Holmes County, Ohio, anil came to his present 
residence when the whole of the surrounding country was covered with forest. In 1838, he 
married Lucinda, daughter of Lewis and Jane (McClain) Bonnett. By this union seven chil- 
dren, two sons and five dajnghters, were born, of whom the following survive: Margaret Jane, 
Isabel and William. The latter married Ellen Fogal and has four children — Lewis L., Mary C, 
Nettie J. and Frederick D. Josiah, a deceased son, enlisted in Company D, Thirteenth Regi- 
ment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was taken prisoner at Stone River, but was paroled and 
again captured at Kenesaw Mountain. He was confined in Andersonville Prison, where he died 
September 22, 1863. He was a good soldier, and took part in several holly contested battles 
during his term of service. 

HUGH E. MOORE, farmer, P. O. Marysville, was born in Union County, Ohio, March 12, 
1856. He is a son of Jonathan and Mary Ann (Scott) Moore, the former a native of Warren 
County, of English descent, and the latter a native of Knox County, of Irish descent. His 
mother came to Union County when four years of age, with her parents, William and Fanny 
(Barcus) Scott. They settled on 103 acres adjoining what is now known as the "Scolt farm" 
which consists of 113 acres, both farms being occupied now by our subject. On this land there 
is a church, schoolhouse and graveyard. Mr. Moore was married May 4, 1880, to Mary J., 
daughter of Eli and Jane (Lee) Hildebrant ; she was born August 29, 1860, and by her Mr. 
Moore has one child, William Curtis, born June 17, 1881. Mr. Moore is a Democrat in politics. 
Though young in years he is a thorough farmer, well posted in all that pertains to his occupa- 
tion and very successful in all his farm operations. He makes a specialty of raising sheep and 
cattle. 

R. T. McAllister, farmer and stock-dealer, P. 0. Marysville, Ohio, was born, of Scotch- 
Irish parentage, in Adams County, Penn., in 1827. His parents removed in 1830, to 
Delaware County, Ohio, where he was raised near Sunhury, receiving a common school 
education only. In October, 1851, he married Martha C. Gale, a daughter of William Gale, at 
Delaware, Ohio, they have six children, viz.: Mary, who is married to James B. Cole, an attor- 
ney at law, of Marysville, Ohio; Abdiel T. ; William G., who married Josephine McFadden ; 
Lemington W., R. T., Jr., and Emma. Abdiel T. is in the United States service, in the Pension 



444 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

office at Washington, D. C; William G., Lemington W. and R. T., Jr., are farmers near Marys- 
ville; Emma resides with her parents. Mr. McAllister resides in Leesburg Township, Union 
County, Ohio, where he owns a fine farm of about 900 acres, which he has by industry and 
energy reclaimed from the forests and put in a high state of cultivation and improvement. Mr. 
McAllister has been honored by election by his fellow-citizens to various public offices. While 
yet very young, he was for live years Assessor of Berkshire Township, Delaware County, and 
afterward was elected a member of the Board of County Commissioners of that county. In the 
latter position, he was an efficient instrument in recovering a large sum of money for the county, 
which had been lost by defiiult of one of the county officers; also in collecting their part of the 
"Surplus Revenue Fund," which had long been neglected. At the breaking-out of the rebell- 
ion, he oifered his services as a private in defense of the Union, but was rejected on account of 
physical disability. He afterward was elected Colonel of one of the " Home Guard" regiments, 
and went into the camp of instruction at Piqua, Ohio, but their services proving to be unnecs- 
sary they were soon discharged. The services of the regiment were then tendered to the Gov- 
ernor to go out of the State, but were declined. In 1865, he removed to his present residence 
in Union County. He has served three years as Commissioner of Union County, during which 
time he was largely intrusted with the superintendence and management of the gravel road- 
building, which was then being most vigorously carried on throughout the county, and dis- 
charged said duties with marked ability, being noted for the thorough and substaLfial work he 
insisted upon and obtained in the interest of the tax payers. In 1880, he was elected by the Re- 
publicans of the Thirteenth District, composed of Union, Logan, Hardin and Marion Counties, 
a member of the Stale Board of Equalization, in which capacity he served his full term, and 
secured for his district material benefits in reduced taxation. He was noted as one of the most 
indefatigable workers on the board. Mr. McAllister's chief characteristics for which he is most 
widely known, are strict integrity and high busines ability, courageous independence of spirit 
as a public man, and keen, clear and comprehensive perceptions in regard to public interests 
and affixirs, for which and many other good qualities he is highly esteemed in the community. 

ALEXANDER NEEL, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Pennsylvania, and lived in Greene 
County, Ohio, until eleven years of age, when he moved to Knox County, with his parents, and 
from there they went West. His parents were both of Irish descent. His father was born in 
Pennsylvania in 1800, and his mother one year later. Our subject was married September 26, 
1844, to Charlotte Warwick, a daughter of Thomas Warwick, and a native of Licking County, 
Ohio. By this union si.K children were born, of whom five survive, viz.: Thomas, Rhoda Ellen, 
wife of Jonathan Fayman; Mary, wife of William Hite ; William A. and John H. Mr. Neel 
owns about 119 acres of land in this township, on which he resides, and which he is engaged in 
cultivating. He and his wife are members of the Deciples (Ihurch. His grandparents were 
Barnett and Martha (Hughes) Neel. 

J. C. NEVILLE, plasterer. P. 0. Pharisburg. was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, September 
20, 1835. His parents were William and Mary (Smith) Neville, the former of French and the lat- 
ter of English extraction. Our subject received his education in the public schools of his na- 
tive State, and upon reaching a proper age learned the trade of a plasterer, which he is now 
following and at which he has worked for twenty-seven years. On July 27, 1857, when about 
twenty-two years of age, he was united in marriage with Miss Diana Baldwin, by whom he has 
had born to him four children, one deceased, viz.: Martha R., Ida, deceased, Alice and 
David W. 

M. B. NEWHOUSE, carpenter and builder, Magnetic Springs, son of John and Rebecca 
Newhouse, whose sketch appears in this work, was born in Union County, Ohio, in January, 
1855. He was raised on the farm and received his education in the district schools. He re- 
mained on the farm until twenty years of age, in the meantime learning carpentering with his 
brother, which trade he has followed for the past twelve years. He owns a residence at Mag- 
netic Springs, whicn he built in 1880 and which was one of the first houses on the village plat. 
He also built a second house in 1881, which is valued at $2,000. On September 1, 1882, while 
engaged in hoisting a derrick to be used in sinking a drive well, he was crushed to the earth by 
by a part of the derrick falling on him, but miraculously escaped without serious injury. His 
first contracting was done in Iowa in 187G, and he has also been as far west as Nebraska. On 
July 1, 1877, he married Eliza J., a daughter of William and Jane (Williams) McGee. and a 
native of Delaware County. They have two children — Cora Belle, born April 10, 1878, and 
Alice Nevada, born in .luly, 1880. Both parents are members of the Christian Church. 

J. E. NEWHOUSE, the leading business man at the village of Magnetic Springs and the 
originator of the water-cure establishment at that place, is a son of John and Sophia (McCune) 
Newhouse, whose biography appears in this work. He was born in Union County, Ohio, in 
February, 1845, and was reared on a farm, receiving his education in the district schools of his 
county and at Marysville. At the age of twenty years, he began the cultivation of grapes and 
small fruits, and in one season raised as many as 14,000 pounds of grapes, part of which were 
made into wine and the rest shipped. In 1879, he discovered the medical properties of the 
Magnetic Springs, and at once began preparing accommodations and opening facilities that would 
induce the health and pleasure seeking public to make it a place of resort. A village charter 



LEESBURG TOWNSHIP. 445 

was applied for and obtained and a village of considerable size platted, with spacious lots, 
broad and straight streets and wide alleys. For the first six months after the plat of the village 
was made, it received but about a half dozen additional buildings, and, while every one who 
tested the waters were satisfied of their medicinal worth, but few had confidence in the success 
of the enterprise. The next year, however, marked an evident increase in the settlement, and 
the success of the enterprise became a certainty. The place has now become a thriving village, 
and hundreds of the afflicted visit it annually to receive the benefit of its pain-def troying 
waters. These waters are so strongly charged with magnetism that a knife submerged in them 
for an instant becomes imbued with loadstone qualities in a marked degree. A flow of nearly 
18,000 gallons of water are obtained in twenty-four hours, and the bath-houses of Newhouse, 
McClain & Co. furnish facilities for 400 baths per day. The water is used for drinking, bathing 
and toilet purposes, and large quantities are annually shipped for outside consumption. The 
first well sunk was seventy-seven feet deep, and soon another was sunk of like depth and a 
pumping capacity of five barrels per mi aute furnished. Many people of wealth have purchased lots 
in the village and on them erected neat and comfortable residences, and it has been estimated 
that fully one hundred additional buildings will be erected during the spring of 1888. A very 
strong sulphur spring was discovered recently about one mile from the village, and fourteen 
'acres of ground surrounding it have been purchased by the proprietors of Magnetic Springs, 
with a view of converting it into a park and connecting it with the Magnetic Springs by an 
avenue, using it as a pleasure ground for the patrons of the latter resort. The gentleman who 
is the principal factor of these enterprises and whose name heads this sketch was married to 
Francis E. Brown, a daughter of A. C. and Nancy (Steel) Brown, and by her has three children, 
viz.: May, born in September, 1868, Ray, born January 1, 1874, and Laura Lee. born in De- 
cember, 1876. Mr. Newhouse began life with one acre of ground, and now by dint of his in- 
dominitable energy he has become the head of one of the most enterprising and successful firms 
in the State. 

JOHN NEWHOUSE, retired farmer, Magnetic Springs, was born in Salt Creek Township, 
Pickaway Co., Ohio, December 14, 1806. He is a son of Anthony and Nancy (Coons) Newhouse, 
natives of Pennsylvania, the former of English and the latter of German descent. They emi- 
grated to Ohio in 1798, and settled in Pickaway County, where they lived until 1814, when 
they moved to Delaware County, in which both died. Our subject was married, June 4, 1880, 
to Sophia McCune, a daughter of James and Polly (Junk) McCune, acd a native of Delaware 
County, born April 10, 1810. By this union, eight children were born, three sons and five 
daughters, of whom two sons and one daughter survive, viz., James M., Martha, widow of 
Jacob Hoskins, and John E. Mrs. Newhouse died, and on September 29, 1851, Mr. Newhouse 
married Rebecca McAllister, who was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, December 29, 1820 ; she 
is a daughter of John and Mary (Gratton) McAllister, who came to this county in 1834. By 
this second marriage two children were born, Marshall, who married Jane McGee, and Celinda, 
wife of .James C. Bi-own. Mr. Newhouse is a member of Mount Cirmel Lodge, No. 303, F. & A. 
M., and an old Jacksonian Democrat in politics, having cast his first vote for " Old Hickcry," 
the leader of the party. He has acted as Township Trustee for many years in his township, but 
about ten months ago he retired from business, and is now enjoying life in a comfortable home 
at Magnetic Springs. He came to this township when there were but twelve voters, and resided 
on the farm from which he has retired, since 1834. He is a member of the Pioneer Association. 

J. K. NORRIS, farmer, P. 0. Richwood. was born in Harrison County, Ohio, February 16, 
1837. His parents were Jeremiah and Margaret (Harris) Norris, natives of England. The 
former came to Ohio after he was grown ; the latter emigrated from England to New York, 
thence to Virginia and to Ohio, when twelve years of age. They had a family of four boys 
and five girls, of whom four boys and two girls survive. Our subject was married, March 4, 
1859, to Ann L., daughter of Jacob and Sarah (Scofield) Pennypacker. She was born in 1836 
and died April 18, 1870. They had six children — Margaret, deceased; Alexander, Sarah, 
Eleanor, deceased, James, deceased, and Jeremiah. On March 5, 1875, Mr. Norris was again 
married to Elizabeth, daughter of William and Betsey (Scott) Ports. She was born in Delaware 
County in 1849. By this union two children were born — Charles, born October 24, 1878, Iva, 
born February 8, 1876. Mr. Norris is a farmer and owns ninety-three acres of land, on which 
he resides. He is a Republican and a member of the Patrons of Husbandry. Mrs. Norris is 
a member of the M. P. Church. 

LESTER OLIVER, farmer, P. 0. Magnetic Springs, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, 
July 31, 1842. His parents were Reuben Oliver, who was born January 1, 1812, and died 
April 9, 1862, and Zura Ann (White) Oliver, a native of New York State. He was a member 
of Company D, Eighty-second Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in the late war. Mr. Oliver 
resided in Fulton and Henry Counties for a time and from 1880 to 1882, was engaged in the 
livery business with J. H. Trickey at Magnetic Springs. He now owns two good buildings well 
adapted to that business, and is still an ardent admirer of fine stock, horses especially. He owns 
a good farm of ninety-five acres, north of Magnetic Springs, on which he resides, and where he 
is engaged in farming. He is a member of Mount Carmel Lodge, No. 303, F. & A. M. 

J. R. OWEN, harness-maker. Magnetic Springs, was born in Union County, Ohio, October 5, 
1848. He is a son of Warrett and Emily (Farnham) Owen, the former a native of Ohio, of Welsh 



446 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

descent, born in 1828, and the other a " Yankee." Our subject was married .June 6, 1872, to 
Anna C, daughter of Benjamin and Matilda (Spout) Gamble; she was born in Watkins May 
26, 1852, and by her Mr. Owen his two children — Emma, born April 11, 1873, and .John W., 
born January 7, 1876. Mr. Owen is a harness-maker by occupation, and has plied his trade 
for the past fourteen years. He was educated in the district schools and at Marysville. He 
was burned on*, at Watkins, Ohio, in 1881, and afterward came to this place. He is a Democrat 
in politico, and he and wife are members of the Christian Church. He owns a nice residence 
at the Springs, in which he and his family live. 

HENRT K POWELL, farmer, P. 0. Rockwood, was born in Mirion County, Ohio, Decem- 
ber 14, 1839. He is a son of John and Hannah (Crawford) Powell, natives of Ohio, the latter 
deceased. Our subject was educated and raised in Marion County. He owned and operated a 
saw-mill and thresher for more than a quarter of a century, and now devo'ea his time to farm- 
ing. He was married April 5, 18(i0, to Cynthia A. Thatcher, who was born March 15, 1842, 
and died March 10, 1868. They had two children, John H., dece'ised, and Joseph W. On June 
10, 1869, Mr. Powell married Melissa, daughter of Charles and Jane (Graham) Crouso. By 
this unioi they had four children — Francis E., Chirles, deceased, Henry W. and Eva Leah. 
Mr. Powiill enlisted in 1861, in the Ninth Oliio Civalry, but was transferred to Company B, of 
the Tenth, and served tTiree years. He took part in ttie battles of Chickamauga, Atlanta, Buz- 
zard's Roost, Smithfield, Blue Ridge, Jonesboro, and other engagements. He is a Republican, 
and a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellow fraternities. 

A. T. PERRY, farmer, P. O. Richwood, was born at Delaware, Ohio, August 18, 1847. His 
parents were Henry Perry, a native of Delaware County, of Welsh descent, and Martha (Laven- 
der) Perry, the latter born en route while her parents were emigrating to this State. They had 
four children, viz.: Oliver, Maggie, 0. E., wife of G. W. Stevens, and our subject. The latter 
was married at Prospect, Marion County, by Rev. C. B. Hill, to Laura, daughter of William and 
Sarah (Rhodes) Irving, the former a native of New York State. She was born in Muskingum 
County, Ohio, November 23, 1842, and was one of seven children, the others being Jacob, John, 
Joseph, Frank, Mary and Catharine, wife of S. B. Dilsaver. Mr. and Mrs. Perry have four chil- 
dren, viz. : Piatt, born October 20, 1869 ; Rolin P., born June 20, 1871 ; Jennie, born Septem- 
ber, 20, 1873, died September 3, 1877 ; and William H., born July 6, 1880. Mr. Perry owns 100 
acres of land on which he has resided since his marriage, and which he has successfully culti- 
vated since then. 

DANIEL REAM, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Ross County, Ohio, July 29, 1820. 
His parents were John and Catharine (Redman) Ream, natives of Pennsylvania, who emigrated 
to Ohio at a very early day, and were among the pioneers of the Buckeye State. Our subject 
was married, April 27, 1840, to Harriet Muncy, daughter of Thomas Muncy, and a native of 
Delaware County, Ohio, where she was born in 1822. By this union thirteen children were born, 
of whom twelve survive. Mrs. Ream dying, three years later Mr. Reani was again mxrried . 

A. W. ROBINSON, hotel-keeper, Magnetic Springs, was born in Union County, Ohio, March 
30, 1829. He is a son of Asa and Ann Catharine Robinson, the former a native of Massachu- 
setts, of English descent, and the latter a native of Pennsylvania, of German descent. Our sub- 
ject was married, December 18, 1851, to Elizabeth E., a daughter of William D. and Jane (Trus- 
ter) Kirkland, and a native of Tennessee, born May 16, 1831. By this union they have three 
daughters — Jennie C, Elizabeth E. and Mollie M. — all now living. Our subject is a farmer by 
occupation, and owns a fine farm near the Springs, which furnishes the hotel tables with 
vegetables in their season, he being one of the proprietors of the hotel conducted under the firm 
name of Savage & Robinson. This house was built in 1880,' and has been used as a hotel since 
June, 1881 ; it contains forty-lhree rooms, thirteen of which are double, furnishing ample 
accommodations for the many guests entertained there every summer. Mr. Robinson read 
medicine with an older brother for eighteen months, and has paid some attention to the 
treatment of cancers and chronic diseases. He is a member of Delaware Lodge, No. 18, 
F. & A. M., at Delaware, Ohio, a Republican in politics, and with his wife a member of the 
Christian Church. 

WILLIAM H. STYER, farmer, P. 0. Claibourne, is a son of Joseph T. and Abigail M. 
(Cams) Styer, and was born in Knox County, Ohio, January 4, 1852. His parents were mar- 
ried in Union County in 1850, and had seven children, viz. : Adeline, Charles, William H., 
Martha E., James S., George A. and Eber. His grandparents were Joseph and Rachel Styer, 
and William and Jane Cams. Our subject was reared on a farm and educated in the public 
schools. He married Lizzie Miskill, who was born in Union County January 12,1851. She 
is a daughter of John and Adeline (Wells) Maskill, the former a native of Clark County and 
the latter of Ross ('ounty. Her grandparents were Robert and Isabelle Maskill. Mr. Styer has 
five children, viz. : Millie M., born February 16, 1876; Arthur, born May 29, 1877; Carrie, 
born December 31, 1878; Webb L., born October 12, 1880; and John S., born June 24, 1882. 
Mrs. Styer was educated at the Marysville High School, and taught nine terms in six schools of 
this county. Mr. Styer is a Republican in politics. His wife is a member of the Methodist 
Protestant Church. 

NELSON S.VIITH, farmer, P. 0. Claibourne, is a son of John and Rebecca (Tracy) Smith, 
and was born December 14, 1832. On Miy 27, 1853, he married Ann Jane (h-awford. 



LEESBURG TOWNSHIP. 447 

by whom he had seven children, viz. : Alsenia E., John E., Sarah, Josephine, David, Sherman 
and two infants, deceased. Mrs. Smith died August 25, 1873, and on December 24, 1873, 
Mr. Smith married Margaret A., daughter of Thomas R. Price, and a native of Tuscarawas 
County, born in June, 1834. Mr. Smith owns 107 acres of land on which he is engaged in 
farming and stock-raising. He owns a celebrated horse which was imported by W. H. Hawk 
and J. F. Smith. It is a dapple gray, weighing 1,800 pounds, ftnd was purchased August 31, 
1881, at a cost of $15,000. He also has two very fine mares which he keeps for stuck purposes. 
Mr. Smith is a member of the Grange, and of the M. P. Church. He is a Republican in poli- 
tics, and has lived in the county twenty-three years. 

JOSEPHUS SMITH, farmer and veterinary surgeon, P. 0. Claybourn, was born in Fayette 
County, Ohio, October 16, 1828. He is a son of John and Rebecca (Tracy) Smith, the former a 
native of Greenbrier County, Va., and the latter a native of Maryland, and came to Highland 
County, Ohio, in 1812. Our subject was married December 18, 1850, to Elizabeth Car.-on, who 
was born in 1833. She died and on March 2, 1862, Mr. Smith married Eliza Ann, daughter of 
John and Polly Earheart. She was born in Ross County, Ohio, September 2, 1834, and by her 
five children were born, viz : Ellraphy, deceased, aged eight months; Anthraatis, bora October 
12, 1865; Amanetta, born November 11, 1808; Wilbur Crawson and Josephus, born October 30, 
1879. Mr. Smith was a member of the One Hundred and Sixty-eighth Regiment Ohio Volun- 
teer Infantry from May 2 to September, 1864. He is a farmer and veterinary surgeon, having 
practiced the latter profession successfully for thirty-three years. He owns fifty acres of land, 
on which he resides. 

ISAAC STOUFER, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Westmoreland County, Penn., inl835, 
and is a son of John and Nancy (Harvey) Stoufer. His parents moved from Pennsylvania toMus- 
kingum County, Ohio, where they remained three or four years, and about 1857 came to Union 
County. They settled about one mile west of where our subject now lives, but soon afterward 
moved to Wyandot County, where the father died. The wife still survives and is residing at 
Larue, Ohio, in the seventy-seventh year of her age. Our subject was raised in town in Penn- 
sylvania, and, during a part of his residence, in Muskingum County, and has provided for him- 
self since twelve or thirteen years of age. He conducted an ashery in Pharisburg for a time, 
and for about fifteen years operated a saw mill. In 1857, he married Miss Mary Welsh, a 
daughter of Benjamin and Elizabeth Welsh, by whom he had one child — Laura, deceased, aged 
two years. Mrs. Stoufer died in 1862, and in 1867 he married Mattie Langstaff, daughter of 
James H. and Catharine (Dixon) Langstaff, and by her has one child, viz., Laura, born August 
10, 1830. Mr. Stoufer purchased sixty acres of land one mile north of Pharisburg, 
in 1867, and turned his attention to farming. In the spring of 1882, he disposed of his 
farm and purchased one hundred and sixty acres where he now resides and on which he has re- 
cently erected a handsome and commodious two-story frame residence. He is a Republican in 
politics, but, having no aspirations for official honors, he has never been called to serve in any 
official capacity. 

A. J. SMITH, farmer, manufacturer of pressed brick and tile and proprietor of a saw mill. 
Magnetic Springs, is one of the prominent citizens of the township. His father, a native of 
Virginia, of English descent, emigrated to Ohio at an early day and settled in Fayette County. 
In 1824, he married, in Ross County, Christina Howard, a native of Pennsylvania, who also came 
to Ohio at an early day and settled in Fayette County. They had a family of eight children, 
five boys and three girls ; both parents died in Union County. Our subject was married in 
1864 to Sarah Ann Redding, a daughter of William and Priscilla Redding, the former of Dutch 
and the latter of English descent. Sbe was born June 4, 1842, and by her Mr. Smith has had 
eight children, viz.: William S. T., Flora R., Rosalie, Lilla M., Andrew J., Minnie A. and 
Benjamin F. and Frederick W., twins. Mr. Smith was raised on the Black farm, to which he 
went when four years of age, and remained until twenty-four. After his marriage, he was 
"burned out" at Pike's Peak, and in 1869 he went to the Rocky Mountains, where he remained 
one year and dug for gold nine months. He at one time owned over 800 acres of land in Ohio 
and Iowa, but now owns only 140 acres, on which he has 500 or 600 rods of hedge fence. He 
is a Democrat in politics, and a member of the Granger's fraternity. He makes farming the 
principal object of his attention, but also operates a saw mill and manufactures drain tile ex- 
tensively and is engaged in the cultivation of grapes. 

ROBERT B. SMITH, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, son of Andrew and Jane (Barr) Smith, 
natives of Pennsylvania, was born in Washington County, Penn., July 12, 1837, and emigrated 
to Ohio at the age of sixteen years. On December 15, 1864, he married Margaret Westlake, a 
daughter of Josiah and Christina (Krouff) Westlake, and a native of Belmont County, Ohio, 
where she was born September 15, 1836. They have had three children, viz.: Eva J., born 
January 27, 1866, Josephine C, born February, 1869, and William Barr, born January 26, 
1871. Our subject was rearel to farm life and has made farming his life occupation. His pa- 
ternal grandparents were James Smith and Jane, his wife. His maternal grandparents were 
Robert Barr and Christina, his wife. His wife's grandparents were Samuel Westlake and 
Elizabeth Reed, his wife. 

GEORGE SHREYER, former, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Germany February 2, 1812, 
and was a son of Adam and Margaret (Helman) Shreyer. He emigrated to America and thirty- 
five years ago located where he now resides. He is a farmer by occupation, and has succeeded 



448 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

in accumulating 221 acres of land. He was married April 19, 1839, to Catherine, daughter of 
Jacob and Ann Catherine (Sicrist) Weaver, a native of Fairfield County, Ohio, where she was born 
February 22, 1820. By this union ten children were born, viz., Jacob, who married Anna W. 
Wagner and now lives in Fairfield County ; Ada, deceased; Ann C, Phebe Margaret, Samuel 
W., who lives in Kansas ; Keziah, Frances R. Mary Alice, Delia Maria and Emma Phonetta. 
The last named is the only one residing at home, the others being married and settled elsewhere. 

ROBERT SHARP, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Ros-* County, Ohio, September 24, 
1810. He is a son of Henry and Nancy (Travilian) Sharp, natives of Albemarle County, Va., the 
former of English «nd the latter of French descent. Our subject was married September4, 1833, to 
Ann, daughter of Jacob and Eleanor (Devoss) Davis, natives of Ross County, Ohio. By this union 
five children were born, viz., Allen T., deceased, born July 21, 1834; Matilda, wifeof David Ca- 
hill, born i\Iarch 17, 1836; William, born May 6, 1838, asoldierin the Sixty-sixth Ohio Volunteer 
Infantry; Clarissa, wife of D. R. Armitage, born April 27, 1840; and Russel B., born July G, 1843. 
Mrs. Sharp died November 15, 1844, aged thirty-one years, and oa November 12, 1846, Mr. 
Sharp married Julia Organ, daughter of .John and Susannah (Teter) Organ, a native of Cham- 
paign County. By her he had two children — Charles W., born December 22, 1852, and Jennie 
R., born October 30, 1865. Mr. Sharp owns a farm of eighty-two acres of land, upon which he 
resides, where he devotes his time wholly to farming and stock dealing. He has crossed the 
Alleghany Mountains twenty-six times during his life, in the prosecution of his business. He 
was Superintendent of the County Infirmary for several years ; Deputy Sheriff four years under 
James B. Whelpley, and Sheriff two terms ; Coroner one year, and, in the latter capacity, held 
an inquest on the body of C. S. Hamilton, who was killed by his son. Mr. Sharp is a member 
of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which he has been a class-leader forty years, and of the 
Palestine Lodge, No. 158, F. & A. M., and Royal Arch Chapter, No. 99, F. & A. M. His father 
was born in 1781. 

JOHN N. TRICKEY, proprietor livery stable, Magnetic Springs, was born in Licking Coun- 
ty, Ohio, .July 6, 1818; he is a son of Christopher and Caroline (Redmon) Trickey, the former 
a native of West Virginia, of German descent, and the latter of Irish parentage. Our subject 
grew up on the farm, receiving such schooling as was attainable in the country schools. He 
followed farming until July 22, 1881, when he engaged in the livery business with Lester Oliver; 
the latter having since retired. John Mickey has been taken into the firm, under the name of 
Trickey & Mickey. Mr. Trickey was married, November 15, 1872, to Margaret Braunan, 
daughter of John and Mary A. (Elliott) Brannan. By this union two children were born, viz., 
Mary, who died. June 7, 1880, and Sadie, boi-n February 21, 1877. Mr. Trickey owns a very 
desirable piece of property at Magnetic Springs, on which he resides. He is well adapted to his 
business, which he conducts in a very successful manner 

J. R. TAYLOR, farmer, P. 0. Pharisburg, was born in Champaign County, Ohio, August 15, 
1847. He is a son of William H. and Eliza Ellen (Robinson) Taylor, the former of English and 
the latter of Irish descent. Our subject w is raised on a farm, and early adopted the occupationi 
of a farmer for his life work. In 1872, he married Miss Emma Bowen, who was born in 1852. 
By this union four children were born, viz., Ada, Lulu Eva, Harry Wayne, and an infant 
daughter. Mr. Taylor owns a well-improved form of 147 acres, near Pharisburg, upon which 
he resides, and which he cultivates in the most successful manner. He is a member of the I. 
0. 0. F. Lodge and Encampment, and in politics a stanch Republican, taking an active interest 
in all questions of public reform, and, especially those advanced by his party. For six years 
he ably served his township in the capacity of Justice of the Peace. 

JOHN WOOD, farmer, P. 0. Claibourne, is a son of Ingram and Ann (Maskill) Wood, and 
was born in Union County November 12, 1815. He was reared on a farm and educated in the 
Union County common schools. He was marrieil October 20, 1870, to Miss Margaret Jolliff, who 
was born in Union County. They have four children, viz., Francis, born July 20, 1871 ; Min- 
nie, born April 17, 1874; Vina, born March 13, 1877, and Harry, born June 25,1880. Mr. 
Wood devotes his whole time to agricultural pursuits, and in cultivating his farm of forty acres, 
which lies one mile south of Claibourne. He served four months in Company D, One Hun- 
dred and Thirty-sixth Regiment, Ohio National Guards, Capt. Norville. His wife is a member of 
the Methodist Protestant Church. 

A. WALKER, farmer, P. 0. Magnetic Springs, was bora in Delaware County, Ohio, March 
16, 1821. His parents were Alexander and Margaret (Cain) Walker, the former a native of 
Pennsylvania, of Scotch descent, and the latter a native of Virginia, of Irish and Dutch descent. 
Our subject was married to Mary Adolphia Utley, a daughter of Jared and Polly (Fisher) 
Utley, and a native of Delaware County, born October 24, 1839. By this Union six children 
were born, viz., William R., born October 24, 1859; Elizabeth Ann, wife of Marion Roberts, 
born January 21, 1861, and mother of two children, Charles and George; Solomon A., born 
November 3, 1863; Mary Margaret, born May 31, 1867; Daisy Dell, born March 11, 1875. 
and George Ray, born April 16, 1877. Mr. Walker is a farmer by occupation and owns seventy- 
five acres of land, which he purchased eight years ago. He is a member of Rich wood Lodge, No. 
347, I. O. 0. F., and he and his wife are members of the Baptist Church. He is a Democrat 
in politics. His father and seven brothers served in the war of 1812. His father was also a 
Revolutionary soldier. His grandfathers were James Walker and J'arnes Cain. 














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y^n^s^^r^ 



ALLEN TOWNSHIP. 451 



CHAPTER IX. 



ALLEN TOWNSHIP. 

AT the time of the organization of Union County, the territory now com- 
prising Allen Township was embraced in Union Township. In 1822, when 
Liberty Township was formed, this territory was then mostly embraced there- 
in, and thus remained until June 5, 1827, when, at a meeting of the Commis- 
sioners of Union County, it was agreed " that a new township be set off to 
be called Allen Township, to be bounded as follows, to wit: Beginning at the 
southeast corner of Liberty Township, thence running with the east line of 
said township north six miles; thence running west to the west line of said 
Liberty Township; thence south to the line between Champaign and Union 
Counties; thence east with the said Liberty Township line three miles to the 
corner; thence south with the said line of Liberty Township to the northwest 
corner of Union Township; thence east with the north line of Union Town- 
ship to the beginning." Levi Phelps, Clerk of the Board of County Com- 
missioners, 

ALLEN TOWNSHIP SURVEYS. 

The earliest surveys in the territory embraced in this township were made 
in October, 1797. The surveys are as follows: Surveyed for Henry Whitning 
740 acres, Survey No. 102, June 6, 1813; Walter Dun, D. S. Surveyed, De- 
cembers, 1823, for Charles Simms, ],200 acres, Survey No. 158; James Gallo- 
way, D. S. Surveyed, June 8, 1806, for James Denny, assignee, 300 acres, Sur- 
vey No. 1,502; James Galloway, D. S. Surveyed, September 28,1799, for John 
Hefferlin, 100 acres, Sui'vey No. 2,598; Lucas Sullivant, D. S. Surveyed, No- 
vember 4, 1797, for Richard Stephenson's heirs-at-law to Hugh Stepheuson- 
deceased, 1,000 acres. Survey No. 2669; Lucas Sullivant, D. S. Surveyed, No- 
vember 1, 1797, for Peter Manifold, assignee, 1,000 acres, Survey No. 2,833; 
Lucas Sullivant, D. S. Surveyed, October 30, 1797, for Samuel Wallace, 1,000 
acres, Survey No. 2,875; Lucas Sullivant, D. S. Surveyed, October 23, 1797, 
for Lucas Sullivant, assignee, 1,300 acres. Survey No. 2,979; Lucas Sullivant, 
D. S. Surveyed, November 26, 1797, for John Mumford Gregory, 800 acres. 
Survey No. 2,980; Lucas Sullivant, D. S. Surveyed, November 26, 1797, for 
Andrew Torborn, 1,000 acres, Survey No. 2,981; Lucas Sullivant, D. S. 
Surveyed, November 26, 1797, for Andrew Torborn, 1,000 acres, Survey No. 
2,983; Lucas Sullivant, D. S. Surveyed, December 20, 1797, for William 
Carter, 1,000 acres. Survey No. 3,151; Lucas Snllivant, D. S. Surveyed, De- 
cember 20, 1797, for Henry Baumgaitner, 200 acres, Survey No. 3,156; Lucas 
Sullivant, D. S. Surveyed, April 10, 1799, for Richard Stephenson, 800 acres. 
Survey No. 3,163; Lucas Sullivant, D. S. Surveyed, September 28, 1799, for 
Obadiah R. Harrison, 200 acres, Survey No 3,241; Lucas Sullivant, D. S. 
Surveyed, September 17, 1799, for Lucas Sullivant, 1,000 acres. Survey No. 
3,681; Lucas Sullivant, D. S. Surveyed, September 11, 1799, for George 
McCrider, 100 acres. Survey No. 3,697; Lucas Sullivant, D. S. Surveyed, Sep- 
tember 17, 1799, for James Wilson, 100 acres, Survey No. 3,741; Lucas Sulli- 
vant, D. S. Surveyed September 17, 1799, for James Wilson, 200 acres. Sur- 
vey No. 3,742; Lucas Sullivant, D. S. Surveyed September 30, 1799, for 
Lucas Sullivant, assignee, 200 acres. Survey No. 3,748; Lucas Sullivant, D. 



452 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

S. Surveyed, Septembei* 30, 1799, for Lucas Sullivant, 200 acres, Survey No. 
3,748; Lucas Sullivant, D. S. Surveyed, September 30, 1799, for James Cole- 
man, assignee, Joseph Flipps, Rowland Estes, Lucas Sullivant, assignee, and 
David White, assignee, 600 acres. Survey No. 3,749; Lucas Sullivant, D. S. 
Surveyed September 28, 1799, for George Custard, 100 acres. Survey No. 
3,752; Lucas Sullivant, D. S. Surveyed, December 12, 1805, for the repre- 
sentatives of Lewelling Jones, 1,100 acres, Survey No. 4,814; James Gallo- 
way, Jr., D. S. Surveyed, November 5, 1807, for Peter Manifold, 481 acrec3, 
Survey No. 4,610; James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed December 15, 1809, 
for John Hays, 200 acres, Survey No. 4,880; James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Sur- 
veyed May 1, 1806, for Thomas Sears, 500 acres, Survey No. 4,933; Duncan 
McArthur, D. S. Surveyed, July 22, 1809, for Zadoc Bailey and James Crop- 
per, 120 acres, Survey No. 6,295; James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed, 
March 5, 1811, for Rice Haggard and Nancy, his wife, 866f acres. Survey No. 
7,022; James Galloway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed, October 26, 1813, for Anthony 
Walke and Abridgeton Jones, 3,337 acres. Survey No. 7,822; Walter Dun, D. 
S. Surveyed, November 1, 1815, for Walter Dun and Nathan Haines, assign- 
ees, 500 acres. Survey No. 8,565; Walter Dun, D. S. Surveyed, February 
5, 1819, for Walter Dun, assignee, 200 acres. Survey No. 9,796; Walter Dun, 
D. S. Surveyed June 17, 1823, for John Evans and William Withers, 140 
acres. Surveys Nos. 12,242 and 12,262; Duncan McArthur, D. S. Surveyed, 
January 11, 1825. for Walter Dun and George Clark, assignees, 82 
acres. Surveys No. 12,081 and 12,744; Walter Dun, D. S. Surveyed for John 
Guthrie, 320 acres, Survey No. 4,606 — a part of said land is in Logan Coun- 
ty. Surveyed for James Galloway, 360 acres. Survey No. 5,746. Surveyed 

for Walter Dun, acres. Survey No. 7,772 (mostly in Logan County). 

Surveyed for N. Bailey, 120 acres. Survey No. 6,295. Surveyed for Mazy 
Vance, 1,000 acres, Survey No. 12,308. Surveyed for H. Massie, 40 acres, 
Survey No. 14,602. Surveyed for James Galloway, 260 acres, Survey No 
15,809. 

EARLY SETTLERS. 

This township was the fifth in date of organization in Union County, and 
although from its geographical position it was not settled as early by several 
years as the southern townships of the county, yet settlers entered this terri- 
tory quite early, and after the first settler located within its boundaries he was 
followed by others in rapid succession; and within the period of fifteen years 
from the time of the location of the first settler the township of Allen was quite 
thickly populated. The township is located in the southwestern part of the 
county. It is bounded north by Liberty and Paris Townships, on the east by 
Paris, on the south by Union Township and Champaign County, and on the west 
by Logan County. Just who was the first settler within the precincts of this 
territory it is difficult now to ascertain, as there were several who located here 
at nearly the same time. We have, however, concluded to commence our 
pioneer list with the name of Henry Vangordon, who, if not the first settler, 
was one of tl)e first. He was a native of Pennsylvania, married Catharine 
Carter, emigrated to Ohio at an early day, came to Allen Township and set- 
tled on Buck Run, on land now owned by Jacob Leonard, it is believed, about 
1820. Subsequently he removed to Illinois, where he died. His childi'en 
were as follows: Henry, married Eliza Spain, became a minister in the United 
Brethren Church, and moved to the West; Samuel and Mary (twins), the 
former is deceased, the latter married Philander Spain, and now resides in 
Illinois; Elizabeth and Charles, died in early childhood; George, removed to 
the West, and Wesley was killed by a falling tree when a child. Mr. Henry 



ALLEN TOWNSHIP. ' 45-3 

Vangordon was one of thirteen voters at the first election after the township 
was constituted; also one of the first Trustees, and its fourth Treasurer. 

Daniel Allen, a native of Pennsylvania, married Rachel Burwell, and 
about 1813 emigrated to Ohio, and settled in Madison County; about 1820-21, 
came to Allen Township, where he settled and I'emained until his death, being 
killed by falling from a load of oats and breaking his neck, in 1832. The 
township was named in honor of him. As a man and citizen, he was highly 
esteemed and respected; was one of the first thirteen voters, and one of the 
three first Trustees; was an earnest and devoted Christian and a class leader 
in the church. His children were as follows: Mary, married David Reed, and 
subsequently removed to Iowa, where she died; Jonathan, married Roanna 
Talbot, and also died in Iowa; Betsy Ann, married Uram Carpenter, and now 
resides in Logan County, Ohio^ Samuel, Isaac and Wilson, all removed to 
Iowa, where they married and settled. 

Isaac Allen, a brother of the above Daniel Allen, early removed to the 
State of New York and married Theresa Andrews. In the fall of 1811, they 
emigrated to Ohio and settled in Pike Township, Madison County. In 1829, 
he removed to this county and settled in Allen Township, where he resided till 
his death, in 1863. His wife died in 1860. Of their children — Romanta, 
married Anna Mather, and removed to Iowa, where he died; Lury, married 
Alvin Wilcox, and subsequently removed to Indiana, where she died; Phebe, 
married William Mather, and now resides in Iowa; Mira, married Chistopher 
Wilbur, is now a widow and lives on the home place; Nathan B., married 
Margaret Mather, and now resides in Iowa; Emily, married Warren Lathrop, 
is deceased; Harriet, manned Michael Mullen, and removed to Iowa, where 
she died; and Caroline, who died in infancy. 

Jonathan Burwell, a native of Pennsylvania, settled in Allen Township 
about the same time with Daniel Allen. He married a Miss Yangorden and 
had the following children: Ephraim, Rachel, Eleanor, John, Sarah, Phebe, 
Catharine, Elizabeth and Anna. Mr. Burwell died in summer of 1829. He 
was one of the first thirteen voters. 

Southard Mather, a native of Maryland, came with his father's family to 
Milford Center, Union County, Ohio; there he married Perlina Rice, and set- 
tled in Allen Township about 1822-23. Subsequently he removed to Iowa, 
where he died. He was also one of the first thirteen voters, and the first Clerk 
of Allen Township. 

Moses Bedford, it is believed, was a native of Virginia; emigrated to Ohio 
and first located at Milford Center, where he followed shoe-making. Finally, 
he married Betsey Southard, settled on Buck Run, and was one of the thirteen 
who voted at the first election in 1827. Subsequently he removed into Cham- 
paign County. 

William Epps, a native of Virginia, settled in Champaign County, Ohio, 
about 1806-9, locating north of North Lewisbiu'g, near the line of Union 
County. About 1825, he settled on the Shepherd Clark farm in Allen Town- 
ship, where he remained till his death. Mr. Epps was one of the thirteen 
voters at the first election. Of his children were Richard, John, William, 
Joshua, Thomas, Hamilton and Sarah. 

William W. Haines was born at Chillicothe in 1801, and in December of 
the same year, with his father's family, removed to Logan County, where he re- 
sided till about 1818-20, when he came into Union County, and settled in 
this township, remaining a resident till his death in 1850. He was one of the 
thirteen to vote at the first election of the township. He married Atlantic 
Grubbs, by whom he had the following children: Oliver P., who married Eve 
McCumber, and is now a resident of DeWitt County, 111.; Dorcas Ann, mar- 



454 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

ried J. W. Smith, and resides in Illinois; Solomon, died a young single 
man; Levi, never married and died at thirty years of age; Amos, married 
Hannah Snuffin, she died and he is now a widower; and William O., married 
Hester Gibson and now resides in Illinois. 

Jesse Haines, a brother of the abcfv^e William W. Haines, married Delilah 
Bay less, and siabnequently settled in Logan County, where he resided till his 
death. 

William Asher was a native of Culpeper County, Va. , where he married 
Betsey Sharp. In 1800, he emigrated with his family to Ohio and settled in 
Ross County; thence about 1803-4, removed into Logan County; thence re- 
moved to Champaign County, and finally, about 1823, located in Union 
County, Allen Township, on the same place where his son now resides, and 
remained in the same neighborhood till his death, in 1847. He and his son 
John constituted two of the thirteen voters at the first election. His children 
were as follows: Polly, married William Austin; he died, and she married 
Joseph Stokes, she died in Logan County; Sallie, married Bunyan Parker, and 
died in Champaign County, Ohio; John, married Deborah Ray in 1826, and 
resides on the old home place, where he and his companion have now resided 
fifty-six years; Malinda, married John P. Reed, a native of Maryland, who, 
with his father, Samiiel Reed, settled in Union Township, this county, in 
1802; John P. Reed and wife settled on Buck Run, on land now owned by 
Thomas Stillings, about 1825. About 1848, they removed to Iowa, where Mr. 
Reed died; subsequently she married Israel Reed; he is deceased, and she is 
now a widow residing in Colorado. Jeremiah married Rachel Austin and set- 
tled at W^est Liberty, Logan County, where he was a merchant many years 
and where he died. David married Jane McClung, a daughter of Isaac Mc- 
Clung, who came from Pennsylvania and settled in this township about 1835- 
38. David and wife settled on the Darby on the Snuffin farm, but subse- 
quently removed to Auglaize County, where his wife died; he again returned 
to this township, and about 18(38 married Maria McClung, and is now residing 
on the old McClung farm. Harriet married Alvin Gano, and is now residing 
in Iowa. William died in childhood. 

William Milligan, a native of Pennsylvania, with his family emigrated to 
this county, and settled on the Darby, on the Henry Clark farm, about 1824- 
25, where he resided several years. He was a tanner by trade, and finally 
settled in North Lewisburg, where he built a tannery and carried on the tan- 
ning business through life. He died at North Lewisburg. His children were 
Samuel, William, Rupe, Jesse, Morgan, Amos and Eliza. Mr. Milligan was 
one of the thirteen mentioned so often; the first election of the township, and 
several succeeding ones, were held at his house. 

Samuel Milligan, a brother of the above, married a Miss Van Wye after 
settling in this township. He located on the same tract of land with his 
brother William, where he resided till his death. He and his wife had no 
issue. Mr. Milligan was a man of excellent character and much esteemed by 
all who knew him. 

Nimrod Garwood was another one of the thirteen voters at first election, 
but we did not learn his nativity or the exact year of his settling here; it is 
cei-tain, however, that he was an early settler, and a leading man in the or- 
ganization of the township. He was one of its first Trustees, its first Treas- 
urer, and Township Clerk from 1828 to 1831 inclusive. 

Joseph Russell was the remaining one of the thirteen first voters of Allen 
Township, of whom we gather no other information. 

John Paver, a native of Maryland, married Elizabeth Wagoner, a native 
of Virginia, and emigrated to Fairfield County, Ohio, in 1802. In 1829, he 



ALLEN TOWNSHIP. 455 

removed with his family to Union County, settled in this township on the 
place where his son John now lives, and here resided till his death, in 1851, 
aged seventy-seven years. His wife died in 1848. Mr. Paver began in the 
woods and endured the full hardships of pioneer life. He was the father of 
nine children — James married a Miss Meredith, of Hardin County, Ohio, and 
resided in that county till his death; Thomas married a Miss Davis, of Ten- 
nessee, where he first settled, and the last known of him he was living in 
Louisiana; Elizabeth married Abraham Leonard, of Pickaway County, Ohio, 
and is now deceased; Sarah married William Davis, and is deceased; Anna 
and Mary died young; Cynthia married Alexander Davis, is deceased; and 
John married Maria Poling, and resides on the old homo place. 

Abraham Leonard, a native of Virginia, emigrated to Ohio and settled in 
Pickaway County, where he married Elizabeth Paver, and in 1827 removed to 
Union County, settling on land now owned by John Paver, Survey No. 2,983. 
On this place he resided till his death. May 5, 1853. His wife survived him 
and died January 14, i860. Their children were Mary Ann, who died while 
young; Susanna, married Abraham Spain and resides near North Lewisburg; 
Rachel, married Willis Epps, he died and she married James Groe; Dorety 
died young: James, married a Miss Huff, and now resides in Champaign 
County; Jacob, married Jane McGill; Martin, married Lina Wagoner, and 
both are deceased. 

Hollis Amy settled here in 1829, and married Prudence Williams. Mr. 
Amy died at North Lewisburg about 1876. They had two children — Elisha 
and Nancy; the latter married a Mr. Burnham, and resides in Champaign 
County. 

Amos A. Williams married Eleanor Stewart, and settled here about 
1827-28. He suffered the loss of one foot from being run over by the cars ; 
it was amputated, but he lived only a few weeks after the surgical operation 
was performed, and died October 23, 1855. His wife died January 14, 1860. 
Their children were as follows : Elisha, died in childhood ; Mary, also died 
young ; Erastus, died in infancy, July 29, 1833, and was the first body 
buried in Buck Run Cemetery ; Hannah, died at fifteen years of age ; James, 
married Americus Stewart ; Malinda, died in infancy ; William, died in the 
army in the war of the rebellion ; and Stephen, the youngest. 

Alvin Wilcox, a native of the State of New York, emigrated to Madison 
County, Ohio, at an early date, and in the spring of 1829 settled in Allen 
Township. He married Lucy Allen, resided here several years, thence removed 
to Illinois, thence to Iowa, and subsequently to the State of Missoiiri. They 
had the following children : Elizabeth, Theresa, Cynthia, Isaac, Mira and 
Joel, who were born in this county ; and Mary, Anna, Jeane and Eleanor, born 
in Illinois. 

Luther Wood, a native of Connecticut, born March 31, 1799, emigrated 
with his father's family to the State of New York, where his father died. In 
1820. he removed to Ohio and settled in Union Township, where, in 1823, he 
married Rosanna Cochren, a native of Pennsylvania. In 1829, he located in 
Allen Township, where he resided till a short time before his death, when he 
removed into Jerome Township and resided one year; thence removed to 
Piqua, Ohio, where, six weeks after, he died, in August, 1867. His widow still 
survives, aged eighty years, and resides with her children. Unto them were 
born the following children : Kingsley, who married Hannah Coe ; she died 
and he married Mary Smith ; again death took from him his companion, and 
he married Elizabeth Spencer, who is also deceased, and he is now a widower 
and lives at Piqua. William C. married Maria Mc Williams. Lucinda mar- 
ried William McWilliams and resides in Piqua. Algelana married Alfred 



456 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Mitchell ; he died, and she married James D. Robinson. James married Jo- 
sephine Reed ; she died, and he married Anna Myers ; and Mary Ann married 
Nathaniel Ryan ; he is dead and she is now a widow. 

Matlock Stokes, a native of Virginia, emigrated to Ohio and settled in 
Loo-an County at an early day, where he married Rebecca Snuffin, and about 
1828-30, settled in the west part of this county, in Allen Township. Here 
he resided only a few years, and removed to West Liberty, Ohio, whei'e he 
and his wife both died. Of their children, Matilda died young, and Wesley 
resides in Logan County. 

William Snuffin, a native of New Jersey, emigrated to Ohio when young, 
married a Miss Connor, and about 1830 settled in this township, on the place 
where Chester Clark now lives, and here resided several years, but finally 
moved to the West. 

William Inskeep, Jr.. a son of John Tnskeep, one of the early settlers of 
Logan County, Ohio, married Mary Stokes, of Logan County ; settled in this 
township, on the tract of land where Hiram Inskeep now lives, and there re- 
sided till his death, in September, 1845. His widow still survives and resides 
with her children. Mr. Inskeep was one of the most highly esteemed citizens 
of Allen Township, and was honored with many of the township offices. In 
1838, he was elected Treasurer of the township, which office he held, continu- 
ously, by re-election, to the time of his death. He was the father of the fol- 
lowing children • Louisa, who died voung ; Hiram, whose biographical sketch 
appears in this volume ; Matilda Ann, married John Harrison, is now de- 
ceased ; Olive, married William Crary, whose sketch is also in this work ; Will- 
iam Elbert ; and Victoria, who married Walter Bales. 

Elisha Cowgill, it is believed, was born in Eastern Ohio. With his father, 
John Cowgill, and family, he settled in Logan County in 1807, and there grew 
to manhood and married Polly Bishop. He settled in the northwest part of 
Allen Township, Union County, about 1827-28, on land now owned by his 
son, John B. Cowgill. Here Mr. Cowgill opened out in the woods, making 
the first improvement ever made upon this place, and here he remained through 
all his active life. In advanced life he sold his farm to his sons, and made 
his home with his son, John B. , till his death, in March, 1882. His children 
were, Matilda, Mary, Nancy, Betsy, Melissa, Jemima, John B. , Aaron and 
Jonathan G. 

Edward Tyler, a native of Virginia, emigrated to Ohio and settled on Big 
Darby, on land now owned by the widow Abraham, in 1827-28, where he 
resided till his death. His children were^ Samuel, Alexander, Elias, Hiram 
and Isaac. The latter became a practicing physician, but is now deceased. 

Cornelius Meshon, a native of Kentucky, settled on the McClung place, 
on the west bank of the Darby, about 1828-29, but after a few years' residence 
moved away. 

John Milligan, a half brother of William Milligan, previously mentioned, 
settled on the Clark land, on the east side of Darby, about 1828-29. He mar- 
ried Rebecca Dawson, and resided here many years, but finally removed to 
Van Wert County, Ohio, where they died. Their children were John, Wash- 
ington, Charles, and three or four daughters, whose names are unknown. 

John Dawson, a native of Pennsylvania, settled on land just north of 
Isaac Brodrick's, where Henry Cline now lives, about 1830-31. He died at 
the home of his son-in-law, Henry Poling, at Allen Center, about 1877. 

Joseph Dunlap settled here about 1830-32. Subsequently he removed to 
Putnam County, Ohio, where he died. 

Daniel Spain, a native of Virginia, born October 14, 1786, emigrated to 
Ohio and settled in Champaign County, three miles west of North Lewisburg. 



ALLEN TOWNSHIP. ^57 

He married Agnes Crowder, and in the spring of 1832 removed to this county 
and located on a tract of land where his son, Sanford W., now lives. Hnre he 
commenced in the green woods, "not a stick amiss." About one year after, 
in 1833, he died, and the work of making a home and a farm devolved upon 
the mother and her children, who were quite young, the eldest son, John P., 
being about twenty years of age. In three years after, or in 1836, death again 
visited their family, and took from them this oldest son. Their other children 
were Millie, who married Paschal Spain, and is deceased; Sanford W.. mar- 
ried Matilda Wallace. She died and he married Sarah Ann Shirk, and now 
resides on the old home farm. Dollie never man-ied, and died young; Daniel 
W., married Sarah Sheneman, and resides east of Sanford W., on a part of the 
home farm; Clements, married Mary June Tobey, is now deceased; and Levi 
E., married Lovina Poling, and resides on the north part of the home place. 
It will be observed in the history of this family that after the death of the 
father, Daniel Spain, three years had scarcely elapsed when the eldest son 
died, and the care of the family, the work of making home and paying for their 
land devolved mainly upon the mother and the next eldest son, Sanford. who 
was then eighteen years of age. They were in the midst of the wilderness, and 
the prospect before them was gloomy in the extreme. But with true pioneer 
courage, with willing hands and hearts, they labored on; obstacles gave way 
before them, and to day they have a good impi'oved farm, with good buildings 
and the comforts of life. Mrs. Spain, the mother, died about 1840. 

Abraham Holycross, it is believed, was a native of Champaign County, 
Ohio, and a son of Howell Holycross, a native of Virginia. He married Hes- 
ter Dunlap, and settled on the east bank of the Darby, in Allen Township, 
about 1833, and remained a resident of this township till his death. The fol- 
lowing were his children: Pearson, Beamer, Kobert, Lucinda, Tabitha, Nancy 
and Martha. Mr. Holycross was a good, kind neighbor and a respected citizen. 

Isaac Brodrick was born in New Jersey October 1, 1802, and at six months 
of age was brought by his parents to the vicinity of Wheeling, W.Va. In 1813, 
they removed to Warren County, Ohio, where Isaac grew to manhood and mar- 
ried Hannah Wood, a native of the Red Stone country, in Pennsylvania. In 
the winter of 1833, he settled in Union County, on the place where he now 
lives, having made a residence here of half a centiuy. When he located here, 
he knew but two settlers between his place and Newton, one of whom was James 
Wilbur, and one located further north. Mr. Brodrick took possession of his 
land in the woods, and has cleared up and brought into cultivation 100 acx'es; 
has good buildings and improvements. His wife died April 3, 1876. They 
raised four children — Mary Ann, who married Richard Wells, she died in April, 
1878; Isaac, married Sarah Huff, and resides on the home farm, and has served as 
Justice of the PeajCe nine years; James moved away, and when the war of the 
rebellion occurred, was in New Orleans, serving as an engineer on a steamboat, 
since which nothing has been known oE him; and Hannah Jane, who married 
Charles Van Wye; she died in the spring of 1878. Mr. Brodrick is now past 
fourscore years, and has borne the brunt of pioneer life. 

Daniel Coe, a native of Pennsylvania, married Mary Gladden, and in the 
spi'ing of 1833 emigrated to Ohio; settled in this township on the place where 
his son, Philip, now lives, and here resided till his death. Their children 
were Philip, who married Elizabeth Woodworth; she died, and he married 
Louisa S. Smith; he resides on the old home pl^ce, where he has lived since 
eleven years of age, a period of forty-nine years, and where he has a beautiful 
home; Joseph married Mary Clark, and now resides in Springfield, Mass.; 
Moses, married Martha Boal, both are deceased; Hannah married K. L. Wood, 
is deceas3d; Sarah married John W. Robinson; Elizabeth married Dr. Swain, 



458 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

of Milford Center; he died, and she married L. H. Smith; she now resides 
with her mother, at Marysville; Mary married R. R. Henderson| and now re- 
sides at Minneapolis, Minn.; Jane died unmarried; William died in infancy; 
Olive G. married W. Simmons Johnson, is now deceased; Martha married 
Leonidas Piper, is now deceased, and Isabel died in childhood. Mr. Coe was 
a man of character and esteemed for his many good qualities; was a worthy 
member of the Presbyterian Church, and a Ruling Elder in the same for many 
years. 

James Wilbur was born in the State of New York ; emigrated to Ohio and 
settled in Union County about 1830. He married Sarah Cameron. He first 
settled on the Williams farm, then took a lease of land ; but about 1836-87 
bought a tract of land where he still lives, and has made a continued residence 
of forty-five or forty-six years. He is the father of the following children : 
Sarah Ann, who married George Carpenter ; Owen, married Sarah Jane Marsh; 
Edwin, married Orange Eaton ; Olive, married Randolph Marsh, is deceased ; 
William, married Mary Welch, and resides in Kansas ; Addie, married Deville 
Wood ; Zachariah married Addie Allen, and resides on the home place with 
his aged father, who is aged and feeble, being now eighty-three years of age; 
and Joseph and Aimed ia. both deceased. IVIr. Wilbur is one of the oldest 
surviving pioneers of Allen Township. 

James Stillings was born in Maryland, May 8, 1785. He married Mary 
Barnes, a native of Maryland, and in the spring of 1829 emigrated to Clark 
County, Ohio. About 1834-35, removed to this county and located on the 
tract of land where Jacob Leonard now lives, where he resided till his death 
in the fall of 1865. His wife survived him, but has since died. The fruits 
of their union were as follows : Alexander, who married and settled at Find- 
lay, Ohio ; Thomas mari-ied Somelia Dines ; Catharine married Edward Nu- 
gent and resides in Kansas : James is deceased ; William married in Iowa, 
and now resides in Kansas, having a second wife ; Edward married Mary 
Smith, of Kenton, Ohio, where he practiced law several years ; is now a resi- 
dent and practitioner at Lawrence, Kan. ; Timothy married Elizabeth Kelly 
and removed to Kansas, where he died : John iiiarried Miss Cantwell, she 
died, and he married a second time ; is now one of the most prominent lawyers 
of Kenton, Ohio, where he has practiced more than twenty years ; Mary mar- 
ried Joseph Brown and removed to Iowa, where she died in 1882 ; and George, 
who married Jane Walke, and now resides in Champaign County, 111. 

Samuel Marsh was born in West Virginia May 30, 1S09. He married 
Mary Ryan, and about 1835 emigrated to Ohio and settled in Union County, 
on the place where he still lives. He purchased this farm of Alvin Wilcox - 
it then had on it a rough log cabin and about twenty five acres, partly cleared. 
He had a team, two cows, and $150 in money. He went in debt for the land, 
and then commenced in earnest the battle for a home and a competency. He 
subsequently added more land to his tirr^t purchase, till he became owner of 
various tracts, amounting in all to 716 acres, all of which he paid for by his 
own skill and labor, and that of his family. He has given the greater portion 
of these lands to his childi'en, thus giving them a good start iu life. He has 
reserved for himself ninety-four and one-half acres at the home place, with 
good buildings and improvements, constituting a pleasant farm home. Such 
has been the life and character of this worthy settler of Allen Township. Mr. 
Marsh is an active member of t^he Methodist Church, to which he has given, at 
home and abroad, liberally of his means ; has been a liberal supporter of pub- 
lic schools, and to all general public impi'ovements. 

Enoch Morse, a native of the State of New York, settled on the Darby on 
land now owned by Leister Clark, about 1835, where he lived till his death. 





^.^^aa^yiMrvi 




c^-^^ 



ALLEN TOAVNSHIP. 461 

He was a blacksmith by trade, a good neighbor and esteemed citizen. His 
children were as follows : Enoch, Chauucy, Charles, Christopher. Harriet, 
Mary. Delilah and Julia. 

William Moore, a native of Virginia, settled on the east bank of the 
Darby, on land now owned by Pearson Holycross, about 1S40, and remained a 
resident of this township till his death. 

The above list embraces most of the early settlers. There are, however, a 
few about whom we have learned but few particulars. Of these, the following 
names are of persons known to have been early settlers, to wit : Vandever 
Reed, Joseph Coberly, George Miller, John Gabriel, Dixon Mitchell, Samuel 
Ballinger, Alfred Hale, William Smith, Thomas Dodds, James Cochren, W^ill- 
iam Hoff, William Rowland, Benjamin Vickers, Thomas Dan, Elijah Kinney, 
Elijah Burroughs, L. Hibbard and John G. Hibbert. 

We now desire to give the history of one more family of this township, 
not because they were early settlers, but from their remarkable age, and the 
almost unprecedented length of time that this aged and venerable couple have 
traveled the jou.rney of life together. Seventy-one years have they shared its 
joys and its pleasui'es, or buoyed up each the other under its burden of toil 
and labors, its afflictions and sorrows ! Over "threescore years and ten," the 
allotted period to mortals given, have they walked hand in hand in the con- 
flicts of life ! And still the messenger of death spares them, and still they 
are permitted to live among and enjoy the society of their aged but reepected 
children. This family is as follows : 

James Cavender was born in Hillsboro County, N. H. , May 15, 
1786, where he married Rachel Buttler, who was born July 4, 1789 ; they 
were married November 27, 1811. In 18i6, they emigrated to Ohio and locat- 
ed on W^illlam Bales' farm, where they Lave resided to the present time. He 
has been a farmer by occupation through all his active life. Their children 
were as follows : Annis, married Joseph Simons, a native of New Hampshire, 
where they resided most of their lives, and died in their native State : Abra- 
ham Holmes, man-ied Elvira Hopkins, of New Hampshire, and subsequently, 
in 1848, moved to Ohio and settled in Logan County ; thence, about 1850, they 
removed to St. Paul, Minn., where they now reside ; Jonathan Buttler 
never married, and died in Kentucky, aged forty-two years ; Sarah married 
William Bales ; Charles never married, but died at twenty-live years of age in 
his native State. Mary married Paul Whittemnre, and lived and died in their 
native State ; E. Burnham married Harriet Laws, and reside ill New Hamp- 
shire ; Rachel married Williard Powers, she died ili her native State ; and 
David, the youngest, married Jane Carley, and now resides in Illinois. 

SURFACE, STREAMS, SOIL, ETC. 

The surface of tliis township is level and undulating. Along the streams 
are level bottom lands; in the southern portion is a tract formerly known as 
the '' Crane Swamp," and another tract in the northeast portion known as the 
" Bear Swamp." These were formerly very flat and wet, and thickly grown up 
with trees and an undergrowth of grass and brush that it was impossible to 
ride through them on horseback. But these, by ditching and draining, are 
becomi ug the best of cultivated lands, from being at one time the lairs and 
hiding places of wild beasts. The balance of the township is undulating, with 
here and there portions that might be termed hilly. The principal stream is 
the Big Darby, which enters the township from its western border, about mid- 
way belween its northern and southern boundaries, flowing in a southwesterly 
course; it passes out of this township and through the northeast corner of 
Champaign County, again enters this township, passes in and after a south- 

25 



462 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

easterly course of about two miles aci'oss the southern extremity, enters Union 
Township. The only other stream or creek of any importance is Buck Run, 
which rises in the northern central part of the township, and takes a general 
southeast course, leaving it at its southeast corner and passing into Union 
Township. South of Allen Centre, it receives Bear Swamp Run, a small creek 
which takes its rise in Bear Swamp, in the northeast part of the township, 
courses in a southerly direction and empties into Buck Run as above described. 
The soil on the bottom lands along the creeks and on some of the low level 
portions, is a very rich black loam; the balance is a clay soil, and the whole is 
strong and productive, yielding abundant crops of wheat, corn and oats. The 
principal varieties of timber in the forests wei'e originally white, black, red 
and burr oak, elm, sugar maple, and some walnut and hickory; and in the 
northern part of the township some beech. In the extreme south part of the 
township, on the farm of Nathan Howard, are what were formerly known as 
the " Indian Fields," so called from the fact that when the first settlers came 
into this county, they found the Indians cultivating corn on these lands, they 
being then clear of all timber or undergrowth. After the Indians left, and 
prior to the lands being occupied by the white settlers, those fields, once so 
clear and easily cultivated, had become covered with a thick growth of trees 
and brush, and it required much toil and labor to clear them up and bring 
them again into cultivation. When the settlers first came to this section, the 
forests were full of wild game — bears, deer and wild turkeys — which furnished 
them with an abundance of good meat; and had it not been for this supply, 
many a poor man would have been short of rations. One locality, south of 
Allen Centre, near where Beai' Swamp Run empties into Buck Run, was a 
notable " deer lick," where the deer congregated in large numbers. Notwith- 
standing the many disadvantages, hardships and trials which the first settlers 
had to endure, yet Providence had combined with them many circumstances, 
which much ameliorated their condition. 



The Beltz Grist Mill, located near the Champaign County line and near 
the Big Darby, was one of the earliest erected mills in the township. About 
1820-21, Samuel Hawkins erected a mill on this site, run by water power. 
After running the mill a few years, he sold the property to Thomas Dunn. 
About 1835, he was succeeded by Beltz Bros., and from that date to the pres- 
ent time — a period of nearly half a century — the mill has been in possession 
of some of the Beltz family. Soon after Beltz Bros, purchased the j^roperty, 
they erected a small distillery, which, after several years, passed out of use. 
At one time there was a saw mill run in connection with the grist mill, which 
was erected either by Mr. Hawkins or Mr. Dunn; it continued to supply the 
neighborhood with lumber until about 1870, when it went out of use. At the 
present time, Daniel Beltz is owner and proprietor of this mill. Although 
this mill in its construction was rude and imperfect, yet in that day it was a 
great blessing and convenience to this neighborhood. It is now out of repair, 
and has not been in use for about two years. 

Wetzel Mill. — Further down the Darby, in the extreme south part of the 
township, is the Wetzel mill site. Mr. Daniel Coe, probably about 1836-38, 
erected a saw mill here, and began the work of digging and constructing a race 
to supply water from the Darby Creek sufficient to run a grist mill. He was 
two years constructing this race, which cost $1,300. He also laid the founda- 
tion for the grist mill, but being unable to complete it, for want of capital, 
he finally sold the property to Ira Johnson, who then erected the grist mill, 
and subsequently, or at nearly the same time, built a distillery and a large 



ALLEN TOWNSHIP. 463 

warehouse; soon after, the whole property was destroyed by fire. But again 
he erected the buildings, although on a smaller scale. But the undertaking 
was too much for his tinancial strength, and he failed in business, and the prop- 
erty finally came into the ownership of Williams & Bennett, who also failed, 
which ended all effort at the distilling business. The grist mill was purchased, 
at public sale, by Messrs. Howard and Leonard, who subsequently sold the 
property to Mr. Martin Wetzel; and while in his ownership, in 1856, it was 
agaiu destroyed by fire. He, however, again rebuilt it, and continued business 
till the summer of 1882, when he removed the machinery to Uaionville, where 
he erected a mill and is now doing business. 

Finley Saw Mill. — About 1848-50, James Finley built a saw-mill on the 
Milford & Allen Centre pike, run by steam-power. This mill has. since that 
date, furnished the principal lumber for that neighborhood. After Mr. Finley 
had run this mill a few years, and prior to the war of the rebellion, sold the 
property to Mr. S. B. Childs, who has continued to do business here to the 
present time. 

Pottersburg Saiv Mill. — In 1808, W'illiams & Bennett erected a steam- 
power saw mill at Pottersburg. They were succeeded in its ownership by 
Smith, Giddings & Co., of Green Springs, Seneca Co., Ohio, who are still 
proprietors of the same, with D. T. Burr as manager of the business. 

SCHOOLS. 

As soon as the first settlement had increased to a number sufficient to justify 
the effort of trying to establish a school, we do not find these worthy pio- 
neers dilatory in taking measures to secure to their offspring these much-needed 
advantages. It is believed that the first session of school ever held in the pre- 
cincts of Allen Township was taught by Wilson Reed, in the southeastern part 
of the township, near Buck Run. in the winter of 1829-30. It was taught in 
an old log cabin which had been vacated as a dwelling. The next term of 
school was taught by Amos A. Williams, which was also in a log cabin vacated 
as a dwelling, but in a different locality from the first, yet in the same neigh- 
borhood. The next school was taught by HoUis Amy, in his own house. The 
first building erected for school purposes was a log cabin situated on the 
Christopher Wilber land, at the corner where the Milford and Lewisburg 
pikes meet. This house was erected about the fall of 1832-33, and Amos A. 
Williams was the first teacher. This house served the purpose till about 1838- 
39, when a frame house was erected near where the Buck Run Chapel now 
standsx This building served as a schoolhouse till the erection of the present 
frame house, situated on the Milford & Allen Center pike, just south of Buck 
Run. In a like manner, from settlement to settlement throughout Allen Town- 
ship, as soon as each neighborhood could support a school, some place was 
furnished and a school established. The township is now divided into ten sub- 
districts, with as many good schoolhouses. The enumeration of scholars is as 
follows: 

Subdistrict No. 1, males, 16; females, 16; total, 32. Subdistrict No. 2, 
males, 17; females, 12; total, 29. Subdistrict No. 3, males, 19; females, 11; 
total, 30. Subdistrict No. 4, males, 7 ; females, 18 ; total, 25. Subdistrict No. 
5, males; 20; females, 17; total, 37. Subdistrict No. 6, males, 14; females, 
16; total, 30. Subdistrict No. 7, males. 25; females, 20; total, 45. Subdis- 
trict No. 8, males, 30; females, 25; total, 55. Subdistrict No. 9, males, 17; 
females, 18; total, 35. Subdistrict No. 10, males, 44; females, 46; total, 90. 
Total males, 209; females, 199; both males and females, 408. 

The report of the Board of Education for Allen Township, September 1, 
1881, was as follows: 



464 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Balance on hand September 1, 1881 $4,634.21 

State tax 630.00 

Irreducible school funds 41.20 

Local tax for school and school purposes 2,365.99 

Total $7,671.40 

EXPENDITURES. 

Whole amount paid teachers in common schools $2,409.71 

For fuel and other contingent expenses 1,427.84 

Total $3,837.55 

Balance on hand September 1, 1882 $3,833.85 

"Whole number of schoolhouses 10 

Number of schoolrooms 14 

Total value of school property $8,000.00 

Number of teachers 11 

Employed males 8 

Employed females 13 

Average wages of teachers, males ; $37.26 

Average wages of teachers, females $23.15 

Average number of weeks school in session 35 

CHURCHES. 

Soon after the early settlers had gained a foothold in the territory now 
comprised in Allen Township, they established schools for the intellectual de- 
velopment of their children, and still earlier they commenced to organize 
churches for the moral and spiritual development of the people. 

Buck Run Methodist Ejjiscopal ChniTh. — This was the earliest organized 
church in the townshij:). It is believed that a class was organized as early as 
1825, at the house of Daniel Allen, consisting of the following persons, viz. : 
Henry Vangordon, liachel Allen. Philena Mather, Daniel Allen, Kate Van- 
gordon, Hamuel Allen and perhaps a few others, with Samuel Allen as Class- 
leader. This class was organized by Samuel Allen, who was a local preach<^r. 
They continued to hold their meetings first in private houses and then in the 
schoolhouses until 1853, when the present frame house was erected and dedi- 
cated to service by Bishop S. M. Merrill. This society increased and multi- 
plied until at one time its membership reached seventy. But of late it has 
greatly diminished in numbers \yy death and removal, until it is at present re- 
duced to a class of seven persons; and for the last two years has been without 
a pastor. During the existence of this society they have been administered to 
by the following preachers: Revs. Daniel D. Davidson. Samuel P. Shaw, 
William P. Morrow, Michael Marley, Mr. Brown and liobert Finley. After 
the erection and dedication of the chuiTh building, they had the following 
ministers: Revs. Martindale and Taft, J. S. Adair and D. Mann, Henry Whar- 
ton and J. T. Miller, J. F. Longman and J. Slocum, William P. Grantham, 
Henry H. Ferris, G. G. West, S. C. Webster, A. AVilson, Orville J. Nave, H. 
E. Pilcher, D. G. Strong, and perhaps a few others. The following have been 
class-leaders: Daniel Allen, Henry Yangordon, Isaac Allen. Samuel Marsh, 
Christopher Allen, Thomas Long, Randolph Marsh, Uram Marsh, O. B. Con- 
verse and George Wilbur. 

United Bretlireu Church (Darby Chapel). — About the year 1849, Rev. F. 
B. Hendricks, from near Cincinnati, organized a class in the old log school 
house, with the following persons as members: D. W. Spain and wife Sarah 
Ann, Reuben Moore and wife Perlina, Joseph Moore, and perhaps a few 
others. Soon after the organization they proceeded to erect a hewed-log house 
for church purposes, which was completed about 1851. This house served 
them until 1870, when the present frame structure was built upon the site of 



ALLEN TOWNSHIP. 465 

the old house, at a cost of about 11,200, it was dedioted by Rev. W. J. Shuey, 
of Dayton, Ohio. The following preachers have administered to this people: 
Rev. B. F. Hendricks, Rev. Tobey, Rev. Farber, Rev. J. M. Marker, Rev. S. 
S. Holden, Rev. Samuel Downey, Rev. D. Zeigler, Rev. Daniel Miller, Rev. 
William Miller, Rev. W. McGinnis, Revs. Merrit Miller, William Ray, D. A. 
Johnson, Henrv Tobey, Rev. Kiracofe, Rev. ^^'agoner. Rev. C. Bodie, Revs. 
H. J. Mulholland, J. Cost, James Wilkinson, J. T. Mahan and R. G. Mont- 
gomery. The following persons have been class leaders: Joseph Moon, Reuben 
Moore, Strange Epps, Hugh Wilson, Clement Spain, Samuel Waddle, William 
Organ, Fremont Spain and Allen Burroughs. The church now has a member- 
ship of about sixty. 

Darby Methodist Episcopal C/i ape /.—About 1850-52, Rev. George Harris 
organized a class at the schoolhoiise, consisting of the following persons: 
Abraham Holycross and wife Hester, William Holycross and wife Nancy, John 
Organ and wife Louisa, James Kennedy and wife Ivy, William Holycross, 
Sr., and wife Amy, Nancy Cline, William Smith and wife Sarah, with Abra- 
ham Holycross as class leader. Services were held at the schoolhouse about 
one year, when they erected a hewed-log house for church purposes on the site 
of the present church. This house served them until 1870, when they erected 
the present frame building, at a cost of about $1,200. Some of the pastors 
have been Revs. George W. Harris, Samuel Brown, J. M. Sullivan, Wesley 
Webster, Jonathan Verity, N. McDonald, W. N. Williams, D. H. Sargeant, 
E. McHugh, W. B. Jackson. T. E. Fiddler. H. M. Curry, George W. Kelley, 
A. W. Bell, J. F. Loyd, George H. Kennedy, D. L. Hayward and W. Q. 
Shannon, the present pastor in charge. The class leaders have been Abraham , 
Holycr(;8s and W. H. Crary; the latter being in charge of the class at the 
present time. The church now has a membership of about seventy-live. Dur- 
ing the summer a flourishing Sunday school is maintained with W. H. Crary as 
the last Superintendent. 

Allen Centre Baptist Church was organized at the Allen Centre School- 
house in June, 1854, with thirteen constituent members, as follows: Henry 
Poling, Jonathan Poling, Edith Wells, Jane Smit}\, Owen Wilbur, John Pol- 
ing, Rachel Lott, Sarah Poling, Elizabeth Poling, Catharine Hale, Edward 
Eaton, Cyrus Poling, James Harvey, Sarah Ann Poling, George Line and 
Lewis Jones. Elder George Line "preached the sermon, and Elder James 
Harvey gave the Right hand of fellowship. The church was organized as 
"The Buck Run Baptist Church." Rev. Lewis Jones was the first pastor in 
charge, preaching as a licentiate till in the fall following its organization, 
when he was ordained and became the regular minister to the church, and con- 
tinued as such, holding services in the schoolhouse, until May 12, 1855, when 
the Baptist Church at Milford Centre was organized and this society was re- 
moved to that place and united with it. This relation was continued until the 
summer of 1871, when a re-organization was effected at Allen Centre, known as 
the " Allen Centre Baptist Church." In the fall of the same year, they corn- 
menced to erect a frame building for church purposes, which was completedjn 
the summer of 1872, and the same dedicated on Sunday, September 8, 18^2, 
the dedicatory sermon being preached by Rev. D. Randall, of Columbus; the 
pastor in charge at the time was Rev. C. K. Dunbar. The present pastor is 
Elder Vance. 

Protestant Methodist Church at Allen Centre. — In the winter of 1803, 
Rev. Mr. Plummer organized a class consisting of Lewis Corbitt, George 
Grove and Samuel Poling, with their wives and several others, and soon after, 
probably in the fall of the same year, erected a comfortable log house, which 
was duly dedicated to service. They continued as a society to hold services 



466 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

till about 1875, when they ceased to exist as an organization; the church prop- 
erty was sold and is now the private property of Cyrus Poling. Since then 
there has been no organization of that name. 

Pottersbnrg Methodist Episcopal Church. — In the winter of 1877, Rev. 
Frank Loyd held a series of meetings in the schoolhouse at Pottersbnrg, and 
during this time constituted a class consisting of the following persons: Clin- 
ton Leonard and wife Nancy, F. J. Robinson and wife Allie F., Mrs. Maiy 
Ann Burgandine, Samuel Burgandine and wife Jane, Andrew Palmer and 
wife Nancy, William Robinson, Oliver Grubbs and wife Ruth, Eli Norviel, 
Willis Epps and wife Sarah, and a few others, with Clinton Leonard, Willis 
Epps and Eli Norviel as class-leaders. They held their services in the school- 
house till the summer of 1880, when they erected the present frame house, 
28x42 feet, for church purposes, at a cost of $1,200. The house was ded- 
icated to service by Rev. George H. Kennedy, September 5. 1880. The 
followinc^r ministers have served the church since its organization: Revs. 
Frank Loyd and George H. Kennedy, who served while in connection with the 
North Lewisburg Circuit. After the eroction of the church edifice, this so- 
ciety was united with the Newton Circuit, and Rev. John Parlette became their 
minister; he was succeeded by Rev. Winfield Jaggors. The present minister 
is Rev. Mr. Little. Present membership, thirty-three, with Clinton Leonard 
and Samuel Burgandine, as class -leaders. A Sunday school was organized 
a short time prior to the constitution of the church, which has since been con- 
tinued and is in a flourishing condition, averaging about fifty scholars in at- 
tendance, with L. F. Lary, Acting Superintendent. 

CEMETERIES. 

The Buck Run Cemetery, near the church, was probably one of the earliest 
burying places in this township. The first persons buried here were Daniel 
Allen, who died August 2, 1832, and Erastus Williams, who died July 29, 
1833. These grounds contain many of the first settlers. On the Lewisbm'g 
&Marysville pike is another cemetery, situated on the south side of said pike, 
a short distance west of Squire Isaac Brodrick's residence. These are the 
principal burying grounds of this township, although there are two or three 
other places where one or more persons have been deposited in former days. 

POTTERSBURG. 

February 18, 1869, Andrew S. Mowry sxuweyed and laid out a town on 
Survey No. 315. for David A. Williams and George F. Bennett, to be known 
as Pottersbnrg, consisting of twenty-four lots, one main street sixty-six feet 
wide, and four cross streets, viz.: Front, William, Bennett and Carter, each 
sixty-six feet wide; the lots all situated on Main street commencing with No. 
1, and numbering to 24, with all the odd numbers 1 , 3, 5, etc., upon one 
side of the street, and all the even numbers, 2, 4, 6, etc., on the op- 
posite side, with alleys in the rear of said lots, each twenty feet wide. 
The plat and grant of lands dedicated to streets and alleys for public use were 
duly acknowledged and signed by said Williams and Bennett, and their wives, 
April 14, 1869, before W. M. Winget, a Justice of the Peace, and tha same 
recorded May 1, 1869, by James Smith, Recorder of Union County, Ohio. 

October 22, 1872, T'homas Cowgill surveyed and laid out fourteen lots 
with one sti'eet, known as Railroad street, to be an addition to the town of Pot- 
tersbnrg; said addition being situated on the north side of the Atlantic & 
Great Western Railway, adjoining the town on the north, and made by W. 
Armstrong. Said street is sixty feet wide. Lot No. 1 is located at the 
east side of said addition, and numbering westward 2, 3, etc., to No. 14, 



ALLEN TOWNSHIP. 467 

with three alleys from Railroad street to the rear of said lots, each sixteen 
and one-half feet wide; and also an alley in rear of lots of same width; the 
same being duly ajjpropriated and signed and executed by W. Armstrong and 
wife, before Gilbert H. Stewart, a Notary Public. Recorded December 17, 1872, 
Hiram Raney, Recorder, Union County, Ohio. 

In the summer of 1868, prior to the laying out of the town, Jonas Cline, 
a carpenter by trade, erected a saw-mill. He also built the first house, which 
was for Abel Lary; also, in 1869, he erected a house for himself. Then 
he erected a store room, 12x18 feet, and filled it with groceries, which was 
the first store in the town. Mr. B. Andrews was the first blacksmith. In 
1869, Capt. Cline petitioned for a post ofiice. He received his commission as Post- 
master the same year, and has continued to hold the ofiice to this date (1882). In 
the spring of 1864, the Atlantic & Great Western Railway (now the New York, 
Pennsylvania & Ohio Railroad), was completed, and the first train of cars run 
over the road. Capt. Jonas Cline was appointed ticket agent. In 1872, the 
railway company built a good depot, and a telegraph office was established 
here. About this time, Capt. Cline erected a large, two story storehouse, and 
put in a complete and general stock of goods. Where this town now stands 
was a dense forest, and before a building could be erected the ground had to 
be cleared of timber and stumps. Now the town contains about 100 soiils, 
with one good general store, by Capt. Jonas Cline; one blacksmith, Harry An- 
drews; one saw-mill, erected by Williams & Bennett, now owned by Smith, 
Giddings & Co., of Green Springs, Seneca Co., Ohio, and in charge of D. T. 
Burr; one tile factory, owned and operated by the Crary Bros., who are doing 
a large business; one church (Methodist Episcopal) ; one two-story frame school - 
house, erected in 1881-82, with two rooms, in which are employed two teach- 
ers; the house cost about $1,400, all furnished complete. 

ALLEN CENTER. 

At the location of Allen Center, the first business to be carried on was 
an ashery, which was erected and run a fetv years by Mr. Joel Everett. Soon 
after Joshua Eaton purchased five acres of land, and about 1848-49 laid out a 
few lots with the object of starting a town. A post office was established in 
February, 1851, with Reuben Foote commissioned as Postmaster. Ransal 
Smith carried on the cabinet-making business, and Stephen Donahue, black- 
smithing. Mr. Barnet Bennett erected a large two-story frame house in 1861- 
62, and in one of the rooms placed a small stock of goods, constituting the 
first general store. He continued business till 1864-65, when he sold out to 
Jacob Painter, who carried on an extensive trade till the fall of 1875, when 
he closed out his stock with a series of public sales, and removed to Mississip- 
pi. Since then one or two others have put in a few goods, but continued in 
trade but for brief periods of time. About the commencement of the war of 
the rebellion, the post office was discontinued. At present, the village con- 
tains a few houses, but no business except farming. 

TOWNSHIP OFFICIALS. 

This is one of the few townships which has the official records preserved 
from its organization. The first election, by order of the County Commission- 
ers, was held on October 9, 1827, at the house of William Milligan, at which 
election were polled thirteen votes, as follows : Jonathan Burwell, Joseph 
Russell, Henry Vangordon, Moses Redford, William Epps, Samuel Milligan, 
Nimrod Garwood, Daniel Allen, William Milligan, William Asher, William 
W. Haines, John Asher and Southard Mather. Reuben P. Mann received 
eleven votes for Representative. John Reed, nine, and Levi Phelps, four, for 



468 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

County Auditor ; Cyprian Lee, three, and Stephen McLain, ten, for County 
Treasm-er ; Ehas Robinson, nine, and David Mitchell, four, for County Com- 
missioner ; Alexander Kobinson, thirteen, for Assessor. At this electiou. Nim- 
rod Garwood, Henry Vangordon and Daniel Allen acted as Judges, and South- 
ard Mather and John Asher, Clerks. Another election was held for Justice of 
the Peace and Constable, on the 3d day of November, 1827, with the follow- 
ing result : William Milligan received six votes, and Heni-y Vangordon four 
for Justice of the Peace ; David Furrow, five, and John Asher, five, for Con- 
stables. In 1876, the township polled 314 votes. Township ofiicers as fol- 
lows : 

Trustees — 1827, Nimrod Garwood, Henry Vangordon and Daniel Al- 
len ; 1828, Samuel Milligan, John Asher and Levi Gunn : 1829. Vandever 
Reed, Samuel Milligan and Hollis S. Amy ; 1830 (wanting); 1831. Joseph 
Coberly, Samuel Allen and Daniel Allen ; 1832, Joseph Coberjy, Daniel Allen 
and Luther Wood ; 1833, John Asher, John Milligan and Amos A. Williams ; 
1834, John Milligan, William Inskeep and Henry Vangordon ; 1835. William 
Inskeep, Jr., Daniel Allen and Luther Wood ; 1836, Luther Wood. W. W. 
Haines and Amos A. Williams ; 1837, George Miller, John Milligan and Da- 
vid Reed ; 1838-39. Enoch Morse, Luther Wood and James Wilbur ; 1840, 

A. A. Williams, Henry Vangordon and ; 1841, James Stillings, Daniel 
Coeand L. W. Hale; 1842-45, (wanting); 1846, E. W. Crary; 1847, Edwin 
Spain, William W. Haines and James Stillings; 1852-53, Dixon Mitchell, 
Edwin Spain and James Kennedy; 1854, Dixon Mitchell, James Kennedy and 
Paschal Spain; 1855, B. H. B. Griswold, Andrew Beltz and Elisha Cowgill; 
1856, B. H. B. Griswold, Jonas Poling and John Epps; 1857-58, James Wil- 
bur, Jonas Poling and William Bales; 1859, James Wilbur, Elisha Cowgill 
and Jonas Poling; 1860, James Wilbur, Jacob Painter and Elisha Cowgill; 
1861-62, Samuel Marsh. Abraham Holycross and Samuel Waddle; 1863, 
Samuel Marsh. Dixon Mitchell and Isaac Downs; 1864, Samuel Marsh, Dixon 
Mitchell and Paschal Spain; 1865, Samuel Marsh, Moses Coe and Samuel 
Waddle; 1867-68, Samuel Waddle, B H. B. Griswold and Paschal Spain. 1869, 

B. H. B. Griswold, A. Holvcross and Samuel Jordon: 1870, B. H. B. Griswold, 
W. H. Jordon and Shepherd Clark; 1871, B. H. B. Griswold. W^ E. Inskeep 
and Benjamin Grubbs; 1872-73, B. H. B. Griswold, W. E. Inskeep and O. B. 
Converse; 1874, B. H. B. Griswold, W. E. Inskeep and John Paver; 1875-78, 
W. E. Inskeep, John Paver and Eli Norveil; 1879, W^illiam Inskeep, Thomas 
Stillings and D. T. Burr; 1880, W. E. Inskeep, Thomas Stillings and John 
Paver; 1881-82, W. E. Inskeep, Thomas Stillings and Edwin Wilbur. 

Clerks — 1827, Southard Mather; 1828-31. Nimrod Garwood; 1832. Hollis 
S. Amy; 1833, William Inskeep; 1834-35, William Snuffin; 1836-37, William 
Inskeep; 1838-40, E. W. Crary; 1841-53, Luther Wood; 1854-59, Isaac Brod- 
rick; 1860-61, Jonas Poling; 1862, Isaac Brodvick; 1863-65, Owen Wilbur; 
1866, Jacob Painter; 1867-68, Owen Wilbur; 1869, George Jordon; 1870. J. 
N. Kennedy; 1871-82, W. H. Crary. 

Treasurers — 1827, Nimrod Garwood; 1829, Amos A. Williams; 1831, 
John Asher; 1832, Henrv Garwood; 1833-37, Joseph Coberly; 1838-44, 
William Inskeep, Jr.; 1845. E. W^ Crary; 1847-48, O. J. Fish; I8M:9-51, 
Thomas Stillings; 1852, David Osborn; 1854, William Inskeep; 1855-62, 
Caleb Clark; 1863, James Wilbur; 1864-68, Jonas Cline; 1869, Jacob Painter; 
1870-82, Samuel Waddle. 

Overseers of the Fooi — 1827, John Asher, and Jonathan Bm-well; 1828, 
William Asher; 1831, William Rowland and Abraham Leonard; 1832, Edward 
Tyler and Benjamin Vickers; 1833, William Smith and Daniel Reed; 1834, 
John Paver and William Smith; 1835, Thomas Dun and Isaac McClung; 




/6/U. ^/^&^^ 



ALLEN TOWNSHIP. 471 

1836, Thomas Dim, Vandever Reed and Jesse Haines; 1837, Elisha Cowgill 
and William Smith; 1838, Matlock Stokes and Chauncy Morse; 1839, Daniel 
Allen and A. A. Williams; 18-1:1, Henry Vangordon and Isaac Allen. 

Fence F/ewers— 1831, W. W. Haines and L. D. Hibbard; 1882, W. W. 
Haines and "William Inskeep; 1833, Benjamin Yickers; 1834, Jesse Haines and 
Edward Tyler; 1835, Thomas Dodds and John G. Hibbert; 1836, Thomas 
Dunn, Daniel Allen and William Smith; 1837, Benjamin Vickers and John 
Gabriel; 1838, Benjamin Vickers, Levi Haines and John Epps; 1839. Ben- 
jamin Vickers, Jason Rice and Roger Poling. 

Assessor— 1846, Dixon Mitchell: 1848, Thomas Stillings; 1849-55, Amos 
A. Williams; 1856, William R. Webb; 1857, William Inskeep; 1858, Josiah 
Knight; 1859-60, Moses Coe; 1861, Dixon Mitchell; 1862-64, Moses Coe; 
1865, ^\. H. Crary; 1866-71, W. R. Webb; 1872-80, Nathan Howard; 1881-82; 
Eli Norviel. 

Constables — 1829, David Reed; 1831, John Epps and Elijah Kinney; 
1832, James Williams and Cornelius Meshon; 1833, Cornelius Meshon and 
John P. Reed; 1834, William Inskeej) and Romanto Allen; 1835, John P. 
Reed and Jeremiah Asher; 1836, John Epps and Thomas Dodds; 1837, Chris- 
topher Wilbur and Elijah Burroughs; 1838, Levi Wells and Isaac CaiT; 1839, 
John Epps and James Taes; 1840, John Epps; 1841, David Reed and 
John Epps; 1842, Warren Lathrop and John Epps; 1843, Hollis Amy and 
John Epps; 1844-45, Thomas Dodds and John Epps; 1846-47, Orsemus J. 
Fish and John Epps; 1848, John H. Good and John Epps; 1849-50, John Epps 
and Martin Pyres; 1852-53, John H. Good and John Organ; 1854, Reiaben 
Morse and J. Emerson; 1855, John Epps and James Emerson; 1856, John 
Epps and Martia Pyers; 1857, Samuel Waddle and Martin Pyers; 1858, 
Thomas Dawson and Martin Pyers; 1859, Isaac Brodrick, Jr.; 1860, George 
Williams and James Williams; 186)1, John Epps and James Williams; 1862, 
John Epps and W\ H. Crary; 1863, Jacob Cline and John Epps; 1864, John Epps 
and James AVilliams; 1865, John Epps and William Jenkins; 1866, John 
Epps and Joseph Emerson; 1867, R. D. Finley and Isaac Willett; 1868. John 
Epps and Moses Coolidge; 1869, Amos Foote and Stephen Pyers; 1870-72, 
John Epps and Stephen Pyers; 1873-74, Eber Norviel and Braley Sprague; 
1875, John Bryan and Jeremiah Poling; 1876, John Bryan and L. M. Crary; 
1877-78. W'illiam Jenkins and L. M. Crary; 1879, John Bryan and James 
Richcreek; 1880, A. S. Johnson and Lewis Poling; 1881. John Bryan and Levi 
Norviel; 1882, John Bryan and H. Arrowhood. 

Justices of the Peace— 1828, William Milligan; 1829, William Snuffin; 
1830, John W. Williams; 1836, Williain W. Haines; 1837-40, A. A. Will- 
iams; 1839-42-45, E. W. Crary; 1843, Reuben R. Hale; 1845, A. A. Will- 
iams; 1846, William Inskeep; 1848, Dixon Mitchell; 1849, James Kennedy; 
1851, Frank Pearl; 1852, John C. Johnson; 1854, Mr. Grubbs; 1855, B. H. B. 
Griswold; 1857, Reuben Foote; 1858, John Paver; 1860-63-66, Isaac Brod- 
erick; 1861, James Kennedy; 1864, W. R. Webb; 1867, B. H. B. Griswold; 
1869-72, James Williams; 1870, William L. Robinson; 1873-76-79-82, Adam 
Wolford; 1875-78, W. P. Jennings; 1881, L. M. Crary. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

ROBERT B. ABRAHAM, deceased. The subject of this memoir was born near Wheeling, 
West Va., December 9, 1809. When three years of age his parents Daniel and Mary Abraham, 
removed to Jefferson County, Ohio, where he spent his youth and early manhood. At the age 
of twelve years, he began an apprenticeship at the carpenter trade in Stenbenville, where he 
spent four years. He then removed to the country, and December 19, 18o9, he was married to 
Miss Margaret J. Coe, a daughter of Moses Coe and Esther Howell. Mrs. Abraham was born 
in Jefferson County September 10, 1817. Of their eight children, five are living, viz.: Sarah S., 



472 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Esther M., wife of Isaac Walk; Eliza J., wife of G. E. Adams; Alice A., wife of Charles Chapel, 
and Minta A., William B., Philip W. and Martha M. are deceased. In 1855, Mr. Abraham re- 
moved with his family to Union County, and located on the fiirm whereon he died. He first 
bought 125 acres of land, and made additions till their homestead contained 245 acres. He and his 
wife were members of the Presbyterian Church for many years. His death occurred July 17, 
1879. He was a man of benevolent and enterprise, and died with a host of friends. 

WILLIAM BALES (deceased) was born in Milton, Hillsboro County, N. H., .January 
24, 1809. His parents, William L. and Chloe (Halt) Bales, were originally from Vermont. 
They were both born in 1784, the former March 13, and the latter August 6. William Bales, 
father of William L. and grandfather of William Bales, the subject of this sketch, was a soldier 
under Gen. Washington in the Revolution, while his father was engaged on the side of Great 
Britain, having being pressed into the British ranks. In 1840, Mr. Bales, the father of our 
subject, came to Union County, and settled in Allen Township, where he died October 4, 1876, 
aged ninety-two years. His wife preceded him March 10, 1856. William, our subject, was 
reared to manhood on a farm. February 1, 1838, he was married to Miss Sarah, daughter of 
James and Rachel Cavender, and a native of Hillsboro County, N. H. She was born iSIarch 19, 
1818. The fall of 1838, he removed westward, and settled near Newton, Union County, and the 
following year settled in Allen Township. He cleared up his first farm, which contained 150 
acres, from the stumps. He accumulated land to the amount of 400 acres, besides land in the 
West, but through a turn of ill-luck he lost considerable property. He resided on the West 
Liberty & Columbus Stage route, and in early days accommodated many a weary traveler. 
He served as Postmaster of Caberly P. 0., about twenty years. He was elected Justice of the 
Peace, but declined to fill the office. He devoted his undivided attention to farming and raising 
stock. He was one of the first to introduce Morgan horses in the county. He died a member 
of the Baptist Church. Politically, he always advocated the doctrines and principles of Democ- 
racy. He was the parent of ten children, nine of whom survive him, viz.: William W., mar- 
ried Jenny Dunn ; Walter W., married Victoria Inskeep ; Cliiford C, married Jane Allen; Mary 
M., wife of Oliver Carter; Rosa, wife of Oliver Inskeep ; Frank ; Burnham C, married Emma A. 
Lee; Sarah A., wife of Charles W. Brodrick, and George; Rachel R. is deceased. Mrs. Bales' 
parents live with her and her children, aged ninety-six and ninety-three years respectively. 
They have lived a married life of seventy-two years, and reared a family of nine children. 
They are perhaps the oldest couple in Union County. Mr. Calender's father came from Ire- 
land in 1775, and served from the beginning to the close of the Revolutionary war. 

ISAAC BRODRICK, Sr., farnn^r, P. 0. North Lewisburg, was born in Burlington County, N. 
J., October 1, 1802. His parents, Isaac Brodrick and Beulah Engle, were of Irish and New Jersey 
nativity respectively ; the former was born July 29, 1772, and the latter December 29, 1772. 
They were married August 10, 1799, and in 1811 removed to Warren County, Ohio. Isaac, 
who was a native of Ireland, was a son of Thomas Brodrick (the name was originally Broderick, 
afterward Bradrick, and subsequently to its present version), for many years a Captain on a 
vessel plying between Dublin and Philadelphia; he finally died on the water. Isaac, who re- 
moved to Warren County, resided there some years, then removed to Darke County, thence to 
Oxford, Butler County, and in 1824, to Allen Township, Union County, where he died in April, 
1837 ; his widow followed him January 3, 1858. The subject of this sketch was married De- 
cember 12, 1822, to Hannah J. Wood, daughter of Aquilla and Jane Wood. Mrs. Brodrick was 
born October 15, 1804, and died April 3, 1877. This union was blest with four children ; of 
these but one survives. The deceased are Miry A., born November 8, 1823, married Richard 
Wells, and died April 12, 1880; James, born November 15, 1827, and died ; Hannah 

J., born April 9, 1831, married Charles Van Way, and died March 30, 1880. Isaac, Jr., the 
eldest son and only living child, was bora June 23, 1825. April 10, 1851, he was joined in 
marriage to Miss Sarah P. Hoff", daughter of Anthony W. and Elizabeth Hotf, and a native of 
Barbour County, W. Va. She was born March 14, 1834. Eleven children were the fruits of this 
marriage, viz.: Charles W., John M., Samuel J., Isaac W., Emma L., wife of Oliver McCullough ; 
Eva L., wife of J. R. Benton; Benjamin F., Anna R. and Olive E. ; William S. and an infant 
are deceased. Mr. Brodrick re-<ides on the homestead of his grandfather. His fiither, who is now 
in the eighty-first year of his age, resides with him. He is religiously inclined to Quakerism 
while Mr. and Mrs. Brodrick are members of the M. E. (Jhurch. Mr. Brodrick, Jr., has served 
his township in various offici il cap.acities. He filled the offices of Trustee, Treasurer, Clerk and 
Justice of the Peace, holding the latter office nine years. Politically, he is a Republican. He 
owns a fiirm of 175 acres, and is by occupation an agriculturist. The Brodrick family is not en- 
tirely without a military record ; William Brodrick, a brother of Isaac Brodrick the first, was born 
in the " land of his fathers," and came to the United States prior to 1776, and served from be- 
ginning to the termination of the Revolution ; he also served through the late war with Great 
Britain and Florida war. 

GEORGE CARPENTER, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in Randolph County, W. 
Va., May 23, 1822. His parents, Solomon and Catharine (Hill) Carpenter, were natives of Vir- 
ginia and Pennsylvania. The former was born in 1784, and the latter November 9, of the same 
year. They were married in Virginia, and had eight children when they came to Union County 



ALLEN TOWNSHIP. 473 

in 1830. They located in Allen Township, where they both died — Mr. Carpenter August 11, 
1837, and Mrs. C. February 5, 1855. George is the youngest of the family. He was reared to 
maturity on the farm. At his father's death, he took charge of the farm, and conducted it till 
his mother's death, in 1855. January 17, 1850, he was married to Miss Sarah A. AVilber, a na- 
tive of Allen Township, and daughter of James and Sarah Wilber. Mrs. C. was born July 31, 
1830. Their four children are as follows: Lewis F., Winfield S., Olive, wife of Edward Stil- 
lings, and Carlton. Mary, born February — , 1862, and died February — , 1863. Mr. Carpen- 
ter occupies the farm located by his father in 1837, when it was all in woods. He began clear- 
ing it when only fifteen years old, and has improved most, of it himself. He has cultivate'l the 
soil of this farm ever since his father's death, except one year he spent in West Middleburg, 
Logan County. He and wife are members of the Woodstock Universalist Church. In politics, 
he is of Republican principle. 

CALEB CLARK (deceased). The subject of this memoir was born in the Old Dominion 
July 4, 1814. When twelve years of age, his parents, Angus and Elizabeth (Green) Clark, re- 
moved Weft, settling in Champaign County, Ohio, where they lived for a number of years, and 
where Mr. Clark died, in 1859, at the age of seventy-six. Mrs. Clark died in Union County 
Marcli '20, 1881, having attained to the age of ninety-one. Caleb, the subject of this sketch, 
spent the remainder of his early life on the farm in Champaign County. In 1841, he was mar- 
ried to Rachel Beltz, who was born in Bedford County, Penn., June 2, 1811. He purchased 
100 acres of land in Allen Township, and moved on it. He kept adding to his first purchase, 
till he owned 580 acres of some of the best land in Allen Township. Mr. Clark se.ved 
his township as Treasurer for six years, and also in various other local offices. Politically, he 
was strongly Democratic; and was the recognized leader of his party in his township for many 
years. He was active during the war, and did much to sustain what he considered to be the 
right. He was a man of enterprise, and aided in the construction of many improvements. His 
death occurred May 7, 1869; his widow followed him March 7, 1875. Mr. Clark was for many 
years engaged in breeding and rearing fine stock, in which he ranked with the prominent men 
of his township. Through h'n industry he acquired large property, and at his death left his 
children a legacy of about |12,000 each. Such was the force of character of Mr. Clark. His 
son Lester was born February 17, 1847, and October 13, 1870, he was married to Jerusha, a 
daughter of James and Mary Poling, and a native of Allen Township. Mrs. C. was born No- 
vember 9, 1845. Lester owns 136 acres of the old homestead, and pursues the avocation of his 
father. Henry C, his third son, was born on the home farm, May 19, 1854, and owns 245 
acre^ of land ; he follows the pursuit of rearing fine cattle and French horses. Susan was born 
February 25, 1845; February 22, 1877, she was married to William Caryl, who was born near 
Marysville January 30, 1848. They have two children — Etlie, born August 24, 1879, and Will- 
iam H., born July 6, 1882. May is deceased ; she was born June 15, 1878, and died September 
8, 1878. 

SHEPHERD CLARK, farmer, P. 0. Nor;h Lewisburg, a prominent citizen residing in Allen 
Township, was born in Rush Township, Champaign County, Ohio, June 7, 1832. He is a son 
of Angus and Elizabeth (Green) Clark, who emigrated from Lancaster, Penn., to Champaign 
County, Ohio, in 1826, and purchased a farm in Rush Township, containing about 200 acres. 
He began the work of clearing up his forest farm and made some of the first improvements in 
that locality. The greater part of the county yet dwelt in its wild state, and Mr. Clark was 
one of the first pioneers to opea it up for immigration. While land was cheap, he continued to 
make additions till his farm constituted about 50i) acres of the finest land in Rush Township, 
and which he improved to a high state of cultivation. About 150 acres was largely composed 
of sugar camp, and for twenty-five years he was engaged in manufacturing maple sugar, doing 
an extensive business, making from 8,000 to 10,000 pounds annually. Mr. Clark died in 1859, 
leaving an estate valued at $60,000. Mrs. Clark lived to be ninety-one years of age, her death 
occurriug Mai'ch 20, 1881. Her father, Nehemiah Green, was a Revolutionary patriot. He 
served throughout the war, and while a prisoner, was poisoned, from which he subsequently 
died at North Lewisburg, at the age of eighty years. Mr. Clark, the subject of this notice, is 
the youngest of nine children. He spent his early life on the farm where he was born, and 
received his education in the common schools of his native place. In 1856, the year following 
his first marriage, he removed to Allamakee County, I iwa, and lived four years, then returned 
to his native place, where he resided till 1867, when he purchased his present valuable farm. 
In 1877, he erected a two-story brick residence, at an expense of iji 10,000. Itis situated on a beau- 
tiful elevation, some distance back from the pike, and forms the finest location in the township. 
In early life Mr. Clark formed a strong taste for farming, and has always followed its pursuits 
in the most thorough, practical and scientific manner. He has followed, in connection with his 
aariculture, breeding, rearing and dealing in fine stock. Mr. Clark is considered one of the 
finest agriculturists Union County affords. He is a man whose energies are alive to all public 
improvements and enterprises such as are intended to benefit and enrich the county or people. 
He owns, besides his home farm, which contains 320 acres, 290 acres in Rush Township, Cham- 
paign County. He has been prominently identified with the Agricultural Society of Union 
County and for some years a regular exhibitor at its annual fairs. He is a member of the 



474 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Board of Directors and Treasurer of the Ohio Farmers' and Horsemen's Mutual Protection Com- 
pany, and Vice President of the Bank of North Lewisburg. Mr. Clark served his township in 
the capacity of Trustee three terms, and as Land Appraiser in 1870; he was elected to other 
ofiices, but declined to fill them. He is associated with the Masonic fraternity, in which order 
he has taken the Red ('ross degree ; he is also connected with Commandery No. 19. During the 
war, Mr. Clark was active in the interest of the Union, and was liberal in clearing the township 
of the draft and furnishing means for the soldiers. His political affiliations have always been 
with the Republican party. Mr. Clark has been twice married; the first time to Miss Hannah 
Barney, who died and left four children, viz.. Flora E., wife of Joseph Spain, Alice, Lucy E. 
and Charles. His second marriage occurred April 16, 1870, to Miss Eliza Asher, daughter of 
John and Deborah Asher. Mrs. Clark was born in Logan ('ounty, Ohio, August 25, 1838. Five 
children were given to bless this union — Pearl, John E., George, Ada and Blanche. 

CAPT. JONAS C. CLINE, merchant, Pottersburg, was born in Washington County. Penn., 
November 1, 1824. His father, Michael Cline, was born in Germany March 8, 1789, and his 
mother, Phebe Condit, was born in Wales November 12, 1800. Mr. Cline was a son of William 
and Margaret Cline (originally Kline), who were also natives of Germany. Mr. Cline died in his 
native country, and some years afterward Mrs. Cline, with her three children — George, William 
and Michael — emigrated to America George settled near Cincinnati; AVilliam, near Wheeling, 
W. Va., and Michael and his widowed mother settled in Washington County, Penn., where he 
grew to manhood. He served one year as Drum Major in the war of 1812, and then returned 
to his former home in Pennsylvania, where he married JHss Lovina (,'lutter, who died there. In 
1817, he was again married — to Miss Phebe Condit, daughter of Jonas and Eunice Condit, 
who crossed the waters from Wales about the year 1812. In 1827, Mr. Cline removed to Bel- 
mont County, Ohio, thence to Knox (Jounty, where he died in 186G. Mrs. C. died in Union 
County in 1877. Capt. Cline is the youngest son of nine children. He was reared on a farm 
till seventeen years old, when he came to Union County and learned the carpenter trade, which 
he followed till the breaking-out of the war. August 7, 1862, he responded to the call of his 
country, by enlisting in Company K, Ninety-sixth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was 
elected First Lieutenant, and served in that rank till April 1, 1863, when he was promoted to 
Captain, and assigned to Company C. He remained in charge of this company till March 11, 
1864, when he received an honorable discharge at Frankelton, La., on account of disability. 
Among the principal battles in which he was engaged were: Chickasaw Bluffs, Arkansas Post, 
siege of Vicksburg, Jackson, Grand Coteau, and a number of minor engagements. At the last 
named battle he was slightly, but not seriously wounded. At the expiration of his term of serv- 
ice he returned to Allen (^'enter, and resumed his trade, following it up to 1868, when he en- 
gaged in merchandising at Pottersburg, where he has enjoyed a good trade. January 11, 1848, 
he was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth A. Ware, a daughter of Lester Ware, and a na- 
tive of Champaign County. Her birth occurred January 24, 1831. They were blessed with five 
children, of whom four are living: Lester W., Allie F., wife of Franklin Robinson, Ira B., and 
Phillelia A., wife of George Burr. Mr. ('line and family are members of the Universalist 
Church. Mr. C. is connected with the F., & A. M. and I. 0. 0. F. orders, and Post of the (irand 
Army. He served as Township Treasurer two terms, and politically is a Republican. His farm, 
located near Allen Center, contains seventy-one acres. 

PHILIP COE, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center. The subject of this sketch was born in 
Washington County, Penn., April 28, 1823. He is the eldest son of Daniel and Mary (Glailden) 
Coe, the former a native of Washington County, Penn., and the latter of Jefferson County, Ohio. 
He was born in March, 1801, and his wife, to whom hje was married in 1822, was born January 
18, 1803. Mrs. Coe's parents were among the earliest pioneers of Jefferson County. In March, 
1834, Mr. Coe and family removed to Union County, locating temporarily in Union Township; 
then removed and settled in Allen Township, where Mr. Coe bought a farm of 200 acres of Reu- 
ben P. Mann ; the same spring he made an addition of 160 acres to the original purchase. This 
whole tract of land, except a few acres, was in its primitive condition. There were few im- 
provements, and, there being no mill within a convenient distance, in 1887 Mr. Coe erected a 
mill on Big Darby, in Allen Township, which he operated twelve years. In 1850, during the 
gold excitement, he, with his second son, Joseph, started for California. While crossing the 
plains he was seizcl with the flux, and after a severe illness returned home and died January 
18, 1851. He served in various official capacities of the township and was Elder in the Presby- 
terian Church at his death. He was the parent of twelve children, five of whom are living. 
Philip, the subject of this sketch, was reared to manhood on the farm and received bis educa- 
tion in the pioneer schools of his day. At an early age, he took charge of his father's farm and 
conducted it successfully till his (father's) death. October 10, 1850, he was married to Miss 
Elizabeth C. Woodworth, a daughter of Charles and Laura Woodworth. She was born in Mass- 
achusetts May 17, 1833, and died June 21, 1854. Mr. Coe celebrated his second marriage Feb- 
ruary 8, 1855, with Louisa S. Smith, daughter of James R. and Anna (Masters) Smith. Mrs. 
Coe was born September 15, 1832. Nine chihlren were the fruits of this union ; eight are liv- 
ing, viz.: Anna I., Mary E., Lottie M., William D., Charles H., James P., Martha L. and Wal- 



ALLEN TOWNSHIP. 475 

ter T. Mr. and Mrs. Coe are consistent members of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Coe is 
identified with the I. 0. 0. F. and Masonic order, in which he has taken the Scottish Rite, thir- 
ty-second degree. Politically, Mr. Coe is of pure Republican sentiment. He has always dis- 
played a deep interest in all religious and educational enterprises. By occupation he is an ag- 
riculturist and stock-raiser. Since 1858 he has been engaged in manufacturing cheese. He 
keeps thirty cows and makes from 10,000 to 12,000 pounds of cheese annually. His farm con- 
tains 328 acres of finely-improved land, and is adorned with a large and commodious frame resi- 
dence, with all the latest improvements. It is furnished with a. furnace, gas in all the rooms, 
and cold and hot water baths. 

WILLIAM H. CRARY, farmer, P. 0. North Lewisburg, Clerk of Allen Township, was born 
near his place of residence August 12, 1840. He is a son of Ebenezer W. and Harriet M. 
(Morse) Crary, natives of Connecticut 'and New York. In 1836, they removed from what is 
now Lake County, Ohio, to Allen Township, where Mr. Crary bought a farm of 135 acres. He 
died near Sandusky, Ohio, in October, 1846. Mrs. Crary departed this life March 6, 1877. 
While Mr. Crary lived in Allen, he held several important township offices ; among them was 
Justice of the Peace for six years, Clerk two years and Land Appraiser one year. He and wife 
were formerly members of the Presbyterian Church, but when they came to this county they 
united with the Lutheran Church. They had five children, three of whom they reared to ma- 
turity. William H., our subject, is the eldest ; he was brought up on the old homestead and 
educated in the common schools. June 14, 1866, he was united in marriage with jNIiss Olive 
A. Inskeep, daughter of William and Mary Inskeep, and a native of Allen Township. She was 
born January 11, 1841. Five children were born to this marriage; of these three are living — 
Jennie M., born October 24, 1869 ; Charlie F., born June 16, 1876 ; and Mary E., born July 
29, 1878. Mr. Crary is now filling the office of Township Clerk for the eleventh year. He owns 
a half-interest in a farm of 135 acres and is engaged in farming. He was the chief worker in 
securing petitions for some of the first pikes in the township, and has been engaged more or less in 
♦ heir construction since their first introduction in the township. He and wife are ardent mem- 
bers of the Methodist Episcopal Church, with which they have been prominently identified for twen- 
ty-three years. Politically, Mr. Crary is a stanch Republican. 

B. H. B. GRISVVOLD, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, an old and respected pioneer of Union 
County, was born in Goshen Township, Champaign County, April 19, 1816. He was a son of 
James and Polly (Beal) Griswold, and a grandson of Obadiah Beal, a Revolutionary patriot, who 
served from beginning to end in the Revolution. He migrated to Champaign County, Ohio, 
some time during the war of 1812, and died in that county. Mr. Griswold's parents were mar- 
ried in Rutland, Vt., and removed to Champaign County about 1814. They survived the 
scourge of typhoid fever of 1822-2-J. Mr. Griswold subsequently removed to Union County, 
where he died. Our subject is the eldest son and third child of seven children. He passed his 
boyhood and early manhood on his father's farm, and received such an education as the com- 
mon schools of the day aiforded. When nineteen years of age. he assumed the payment of 
twenty-three acres of land, thus furnishing a home for his parents. In 1850, he purchased his 
present farm and settled on it the same spring. Mr. Griswold has cleared and improved his 
land to a good farm and has always followed its pursuits. October 80, 1837, he was joined in 
marriage with Amanda Melvina Peck, a daughter of Thomas Peck. Mrs. Griswold was born in 
Hamilton County, Ohio, May 3, 1814. They were blest with two children — Cynthia J., wife of 
E. C. ]\Iarsh, and Serepta J. Mrs. Griswold departed this life February , 1874. Mr. Gris- 
wold is a member of the First Universalist Church of Woodstock, and in politics is a Republican. 
He has been prominently identified with the Grange since its organization in the county, having 
served as Master, Lecturer and Chaplain. He was Justice of the Peace of Allen Township two 
terms and Trustee twelve years, besides other local offices. Mr. Griswold has been a useful and 
active citizen. He owns a good farm, containing 150 acres. 

CLEMENT B. HOLYCROSS, farmer, P. 0. North Lewisburg, second son of Abraham and 
Hester A. Holycross, was born on the old homestead, in Allen Township, March 13, 1845. He 
was reared to manhood in his native place and educated in the common schools. May 2, 1864, 
he was enrolled as a soldier in Company H, One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Regiment Ohio Na- 
tional Guard. He served as drummer, and was discharged with the honors of a faithful soldier 
September 3, 1864. September 12, 1866, he was married to Miss Settie Epps, a native of Coam- 
paign County, and a daughter of Thomas and Clarissi Epps. She was born May 11,*1846. One 
son, Orrie B., blesses this union ; he was born April 6, 1873. Mr. H. owns a farm of sixty- 
eight acres and is engaged ia agriculture and keeping Poland-China hogs. He and wife are 
members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In politics, he is a Bepublican. 

R(.)BERT C. HOLYCROSS, youngest son of Abraham and Hester A. Holycross, was born in 
Allen Township, December 5, 1854. He was reared a farmer boy, and educated in the common 
school*. December 24, 1874, he was joined in marriage to Miss Mary, daughter of Nelson and 
Almira Cooksey. Mrs. II. was born in Allen Township ilay 21, 1856. Their three children 
are Arthur L., born November 18, 1875; Edgar A., born November 5, 1878, and Grace B., born 
December 14, 1880. Mr. Holycross owns sixty-three acres of the old homestead and is engaged 
in farmicg. 



476 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

NATHAN HOWARD, farmer, P. O. Milford Center, was born in Union Township, Union 
County, September 21, 18oi. His parents, William and Nancy (^McDonald) Howard, were 
natives of Windbam, Conn. His father was born .June 18, 1802, and his mother June 19, 1807. 
They were married in Union County in 1880. His parents, William and Phebe Howard, were 
also natives of Windham, Conn.; the former was born .January 18, 1749, and died July 18, 1822, 
and the latter born .July 15, 1759, and died December 3, 1806. John and Sarah (Bennett) How- 
ard, parents of the last named William Howard, were born in Ipswich Mass., February 15, 1715, 
and (Jctober 21, 1722. Tney were married in Hampton, Conn., January 8. 1840 ; he died June 
16, 1789, and she March 19, 1812. John Howard was the eldest son of John and Mary (Martin) 
Howard, also natives of Ipswich. John was born in 1683. and his wife February 22, 1713. 
They settled in the Howara Valley, near Hampton, Conn., in 1733. This John Howard was a son 
of William Howard, who was born in Ipswich in 1634 and died in the same place, .July 25, 1709. 
His father, Thomas Howard, was born about 1601), and emigrated from England to America only 
fourteen years after the landing of the Pilgrim Fathers, and died near Ipswich, Mass., April 15, 
1686. William and Nancy Howard, the parents of the subject of this sketch, emigrated West and 
settled in Union Township, Union County, in 1830. Mr. Howard died June 10, 1839, and his 
widow, February 15, 1876. They were the parents of three children — Nathan, the subjecf. of 
this sketch ; Harriet L. and William. Mrs. Howard was a daughter of Thomas McDonald, who 
moved from Ross County, Ohio, to Union in 1808, and settled a mile and a half north, above 
Milford Center, on the north side of Big Darby, and there cleared a large farm and reared a 
family of thirteen children, of whom Mrs. Howard was the fifth child. Mr. McDonald <'ied 
March 26, 1855, aged eighty-five. Mrs. Howard was left a widow with three children in 183i). The 
farm contained 500 acres, but was all wild land, and 200 seres were not yet paid for. Sne was 
a lady of unusual business qualifications and judgment, and conducted the farm successfully till 
her children were grown. Our subject was reared to manhood on the farm and received the 
rudiments of his education in the common schools. When of age he was given the business of 
the farm, which he managed till 1859, when the farm, which contained 600 acres, was divided 
between him and William, the daughter, Harriet L., having died a short time before. In I860, 
he moved to a log cabin which had been erected by Thomas McDonald, and lived in it six years : 
then occupied a frame till 1870, when he built his present large and commodious brick residence 
at a cost of $6,000. The homestead farm is known as the " Indian Field F.irm,' and is one of 
the best improved on the creek. Mr. Howard has continued to buy and add laud to the homestead 
till he now owns a tract of 1400 acres, ranking at the present time as one of the wealthiest and 
largest land owners in Union County. He was a member of the company that imported anung 
the first French and Clydesdale horses to the United States. Mr. Howard has been extensively 
engaged in breeding and rearing French horses and thoroughbred short-horued cattle. For 
the last five years he has kept Shropshiredown sheep for mutton purposes. He is a regular 
exhibitor of tine stock at the annual fairs, of which he served as member of the Agricultural 
Board ten years and Vice President two years. He was Assessor of Allen seven years, and in 
1880 was elected to the Board of County Commissioners. Mr. Howard is a successful business 
man. He was married September 21, 1859, to Helen M. Hathaway, daughter of Ebenezer 
and Mary A. (Hopkins) Hathaway. Mrs. Howard was born in Union Township May 17, 
1839. Four children were born to this Union; of them three are living, viz., Charles M., 
Corrie and Otto N.; Hattie C. is deceased. 

WILLIAM INSKEEP (deceased), more commonly known as "Lawyer Bill," was born in 
Logan County, Ohio. He was a son of Job and Patience (Bishop) Inskeep, originally of t'ul- 
peper County, Va. They removed to Ross County, Ohio, in pioneer days, and some years later 
to Logan County, where they both died. Mr. Inskeep, our subject, married Miss Mary Stokes, 
daughter of Joseph Stokes, and a native of Logan County. Her parents were native of Culpeper 
County, Va., and also pioneers of Logan County. In 1831, Mr. Inskeep removed to Union 
('ounty and settled in Allen Township, where he purchased 100 acres of land. He erected a 
house and cleared up the farm. He served both as Trustee and Treasurer of Allen Township, 
and was Postmaster of Cuberly P. 0., for a number of years. His death occurred in September, 
1845. He was the father of oeven children, three of whom are living — Hiram S., Olive A., wife 
of W. H. Crary, and William. Hiram S., was born May 1, 1833, and March 26, 1876, he married 
Miss ^largaret Spain, a daughter of Washington and Sarah Spain, and a native of Union County. 
They have two children — Omer W. and Ila L. William E. was born May 16, 1843. March 29, 
1868, he was married to Miss Rosetta Curl, of Xenia, where she was born July, 1848. One child, 
French, blesses this union. September, 1861, William volunteered in Company C, Seventeenth 
Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He served in the Army of the Cumberland, and fought in 
the following engagements : Stone River, Perry ville, Wild Cat Mountain, Hoaver's Gap, and in 
the approach to Cornith, which lasted fifteen days. He was honorably discharged October 9, 
1864. He returned home and with his brother has followed farming. He was commander of 
Company D, Seventh Regiment of Ohio National Guards, at North Lewisburg, seven years. He 
ii tiDw serving his twelfth term as member of the Board of Township Trustees. Mr. Inskeep 
and brother reside together and are engaged in farming, and in the line of live stock they make 
a specialty in breeding and rearing thoroughbred Poland-China hogs. They own a farm of 



ALLEN TOWNSHIP. 477 

104 acres of well improved land. Politically, they are Republicans. Their sisters, deceased, 
were Louisa, Olive, Victoria and Matilda A. 

ALGERNON S. JOHNSON, merchant. North Lewisburg. The ancestral history of this 
family can be traced back to the reign of George III, when a man bearing the name 
of Johnson emigrated a colony from England and settled at Auburn, N. J., where King George 
granted them a township of land. The subject of this not'ce was born in Athens County, Ohio, 
June 16, 1807. His father, Samuel B. Johnson, was a nUive of Washington County, N. Y., and 
his mother, Rebecca Wilkin, of Amherst, N. H. His grandfither, Azel Johnson, was asoMier in 
the Revolutionary war, under Gen. La Fayette. His fai her in-law, Samuel Brown, was an old 
Revolutioner, and was wounded at Bunker Hill. In 1798, Mr. Johnson and family removed to 
Marietta, Ohio, and in 1803 to Athens County, where he died, aged eighty-three years. In 1830, 
our subject's parents i-emoved to Union County, and settled in Paris Township, where they both 
died ; the former June 17, 1843, and the latter August 3, 1854. The subject of this sketch was 
reared on a farm and educated in the common schools. He came to Allen Township at an 
early day and cleared up a farm. November 25, 1857, he was united in marriage with Mrs. 
Charlotte, widow of Avar ^lallory (deceased), and daughter of Gideon and Nancy Draper. 
They have four children — Marcella R., Lucy W., Adaline F. and Sarah A. Mr. Johnson owns 
a farm of 100 acres. Since he was a boy of thirteen years, he has dealt largely in live stock. 

WILLIAM H. JORDAN, farmer, Wtst Middleburg, Logan County, was born near Marysville, 
Ohio, November 23, 1835. He is the third son of William H. and Nancy Jordan. His early life 
was spent on a farm, and his education obtained in the common schools. When ten years ot age 
his parents removed to Champaign County. In 1853, he went to Coles County, II!., an > in 
1855 returned to his native county. August 12, 18t)l, he entered the ranks of the Union army, 
as a member of Company C, Seventeenth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served in the 
Fourteenth Army Corps. He was chosen Corporal, and subsequently was promoted to First 
Sergeant. He veteranized in January, 1864, and re-enlisted in his old company, serving tdl 
the war closed. He was engaged in the following battles: Wild Cat, Mill Springs, evacuation 
of Cornilh by the rebels. Stone River, Hoover's Gap, Tullahoma, Chickamauga and Resica. 
Then joined Sherman, and participated in all the engagements on the Atlanta campaign and all 
the battles in close proximity to Atlanta. He then marched to Savannah, and was active in all 
the conflicts of that famous march, and afterward went to Washington D. C. and attended ihe 
grand review. He was discharged with the honors of a, veteran at Columbus, Ohio, in July, 
1865. He bears the scar of a slight wound received at the memorable engagement of (Jhicka- 
mauga. November, 1865, he married Miss Melissa Coweill, daughter of Elisha and ^lary 
Cowgill, by whom he has has had three children — John C, born June 22, 1867; -Jennie B., born 
December 19. 1870, and George E., born January 7, 1873. Mr. and Mrs. Jordan are members 
of the M. E. Church. Mr. Jordan is politically a stanch Republican. He served as Township 
Trustee one term. He owns a farm of 112 acres and follows farming and rearing thoroughbred 
short-horned cattle. 

SAMUEL P. KIMBALL, farmer, P. 0. Woodstock, a prominent Spanish Merino sheep 
breeder of Union County, was born in Champaign County September 6, 1851. He is a son of 
Truman M. and Mary J. Kimball, of Champaign County. He passed his early life on his father's 
farm and acquired his education in the common schools. October 8, 1876, he was united in 
marriage to Miss Sallie McMahill, a daughter of James and Elizabeth ^IcMahill. Mrs. Kimball 
was born in Champaign County May 10, 1860. One daughter was born to this marriage — .Mary 
Trent, born September 4, 1877. In 1873, Mr. Kimball took charge of 260 acres of his father's 
farm, partly located in Union County. He has been engaged in farming and rearing live etock, 
making a prominent specialty in breeding and keeping thoroughbred Spanish Merino sheep. 
He has over 200 head of registered Merinos, besides fine Durham cattle and French horses, and 
is a regular exhibitor at the Union County fairs. Mr. Kimball is a young man of enterprise and 
has achieved a marked success with fine stock. Politically, he n of Republican views. Mrs. 
Kimball is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

JACOB LEONARD, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, a native of Allen Township, was born March 
6, 1838. His parents were Abraham and Elizabeth (Paver) Leonard. Mr. Leonard was born 
in 1772, and when a young man came to Pickaway County, Ohio, and followed driving cattle 
over the mountains to Eastern markets till 1801, when he came to Union County and settled on 
the North Fork of- Buck Run, where he was among the first settlers. He purchased a farm of 
200 acres for which he gave a norse worth §80, and $120 in gold. Heserved in the war of 1812, 
and died May 7, 1853. His widow survived him until .January 14, 1860, when she died at the 
age of fifty-three years. Jacob, our subject, is the second son and fifth child of seven children, 
four of whom are living, viz.: James, Susannah, Rachel and Jacob. Jacob was brought up on 
the old homestead, and with his brother aided in clearing a large portion of it. He owns a farm 
of 214 acres of land; besides his agricultural pursuits, he is engaged in keeping Norman and 
Clydesdale horses, which are among his exhibits at the annual fairs. November 18, 1869, he 
was married to Miss Jane McGill, a daughter of Eli and Millie McGill, and a native of Preston 
County, Va. She was born March 1, 1862. They have four children — Susie B., Millie D., EfSe 
and Cora. Maudie and Carrie are deceased. 



478 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

OLIVER E. LINCOLN, farmer and fine stock dealer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in 
Champaign County, Ohio, July 4, 1848. He is tlie third son of Charles Lincoln, for many years 
a prominent fine stock breeder and dealer of Champaign County. He was raised on his father's 
farm and educated in the common schools. February 20, 1871, he wai united in marriage to 
Sarah Coolidge, daughter of G. W. and Paulina. Mrs. Lincoln was born in Union County Janu- 
ary G, 1849. Five children were born to this union, viz.: Dwight, Ora E., Mary B., Oliver E. 
and an infant son. In the fall of 1875, Mr. Lincoln located on the farm he now occupies, 'vhich 
contains 192 acres of well-improved land. Mr. Lincoln has been engaged in keeping thorough- 
bred short-horn cattle. His father was one of the prominent fine cattle breeders of the State. 
Mr. Lincoln is a member of the importing company of 0. E. Lincoln & Co., engaged in importing 
French horses and French Merino sheep. He was the prime mover in the organization of this 
company and is one of its chief supporters. He is a man of enterprise and has been an exhibitor 
of his fine stock at the Union County fairs. Politically, he is identified with the Republican 
party. 

SA^IUEL MARSH, farmer, P. O. Marysville, an old pioneer of Union County, was born in 
Randolph County, W. Va., May 30, 1809. He is a son of Benjamin !Marsh, a native of Old 
Virginia, and Sarah Minear, a native of Germany, and a daughter of Adam Minear, who came 
from Germany to America during the Indian hostilities, and settled in Harrison County, Va., 
where Mr. Minear met a tragic death at the hands of the relentless savages. Mr. Marsh spent 
his youth and early manhood in his native place, where his parents died. In 1835, he removed 
his family to Allen Township, Union County, and settled on eighty-two and one-half acres of his 
present farm. He now owns a large farm, with good improvements. He has always pursued 
the avocation of farming and stock-raising, and has met with success. He has devoted especial 
attention to keeping fine cattle and sheep. He was married the first time, April 14, 1831, to 
Miss Mary Ryan, a daughter of John and Sarah Ryan, and a native of Randolph County, Va. 
She was born August 6, 1807, and died December 3, 1868. This union was blessed with eight 
children, of whom six are living — Loyal Y., Sarah J., wife of Owen Wilber, Randolph C, Erne- 
line C, Stanton, and Jemima E., wife of Mr. jNIarsh. Felix 11., a deceased son, was a member of a 
Kansas regiment in the late war, and was taken prisoner and died. Mr. Marsh was again mar- 
ried June 16, 1869, to Miss Abby Pierce, daughter of Timothy and Pattie Pierce. Mrs. Marsh 
was born in Madison County, N. Y., August 28, 1825. Mr. and Mrs. Marsh are associated with 
the Methodist Episcopal Church of Marysville, Mr. ^larsh's political views are Republican. 
He served as Township Trustee two terms, and as a member of the Board of Infirmary 
Dii-ectors. 

STANTON MARSH, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, youngest son of Samuel and Mary 
(Ryan) Marsh, was born on the home farm July 7, 1845. He spent his early life on the farm, 
and received his training in the common schools. September 3, 1864, he entered the infantry 
service in Company F, One Hundred and Seventy-ninth Regiment, and, with his command, 
served in the Cumberland Army. He was at Nashville when Hood threatened that city, and 
served on guard duty till June 7, 1865, when he was discharged. .January 25, 1867, he was 
married to Miss Alice J. Wood, daughter of William C. and Maria Wood. Mrs. Marsh was 
born in Allen Township February 3, 1847. They have two children — Willie E. and Lulie E. 
Mr. Marsh took possession of his present farm in 1867 ; it contains ninety acres of well improved 
and cultivated land. Mr. and Mrs. Marsh are associated with the Methodist Episcopal t^hurch 
of Milford Center. 

JOHN PAVER, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, a native of Fairfield County, Ohio, was born No- 
vember 13, 1819. He is a son of John Paver and Mary Wagner, the former a native oF Mary- 
land and the latter of Virginia. They were married ami came to Fairfield County in 1802, the 
year Ohio became a State. In 1829, they removed to Union County, and located on the farm 
now occupied by our subject. Mr. Paver was called out into military service soon after Hull's 
surrender, and served six months. The subject of this sketch was reared on the homestead. 
March 19, 1846, he married Maria Poling, daughter of John and Sarah Poling, who came to 
Union County in 1837. Of fifteen children by this marriage, eleven are living, viz.: Sarah A., 
wife of Charles Wilson, George, Jimes, Ira, Cynthia, wife of Arthur Wagner, Martha J., wife 
of Ira Donohoe, Louisa, Maria, wife of Henderson Turner, Alfred, Alice, wife of F. Hall, and 
John. Mrs. Paver departed this life October — , 1879. Mr. Paver filled the office of Justice of 
the Peace one term, and served as Township Trustee eight years. Politically, he is Democratic. 
He owns a farm of 500 acres, and is engaged in farming and rearing stock. 

SAMUEL RE.VM, tarmer, P. 0. Potteisburg, was born in Perry County, Penn., July 16, 
1814. He is a son of John and Catharine (Shookerd) Ream, and a grandson of a Mr. Ream who 
M-as a soldier in the American Revolution. He removed to Ross County, Ohio, some years after 
the Revolution had ended. He died there at an advanced age. Samuel is the fourth son, and 
was raised to maturity on a farm. In 1850, he came with his family to Allen Center ; removed 
to Darby Township in 1852, and six years later returned to Allen and located on his present 
farm, which was all in woods. He cleared a place and erected a log house, and has since im- 
proved his farm to its present condition. In 1839, he was married to Elizabeth, daughter of 



ALLEN TOWNSHIP. 481 

George and Sarah Featherland, of Virginia, where she was born. Of seven children by this 
marriage, six are living — George, Mathias, Elizabeth, Frank, Delia and Samuel. Sarah A. is 
deceased. Mr. Ream has always pursued farming, and has been successful. He made all his 
property through industry and economy, and his dealings have been honest and upright. He 
is a Democrat of the old Jacksonian school. 

GEORGE REAM, farmer, P. 0. Pottersburg, eldest son of Samuel and Elizabeth Ream, 
was born in Ross County, Ohio, March 10, 1842. In 1856, he came to this county with his 
parents and lived till of age. May 2, 1864, he enlisted in the One Hundred and Thirty- fourth 
Regiment of the Ohio National Guards, and served till September 2, 1864, when he received an 
honorable discharge. September 1, 1881, he was married to Mrs. Ortensie R. Robinson, widow 
of Willian Robinson (deceased) and daughter of Joshua and Elizabeth Eaton. Mrs. Ream was 
born in Allen Township January 1, 1847. She was first married March 13, 1873, and had two 
children — Adolphus B.,born April 16, 1874, and Mary A., born March 22, 1877. Mr. Robinson 
was born in Canada January 1, 1844. He was a member of Company H, One Hundred and 
Thirty sixth Regiment Ohio National Guards, during the latter part of the war, and died Feb- 
ruary 28, 1879. Mrs. Ream is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Politically, Mr. 
Ream is a Democi"at. He owns a farm of 182 acres and is engaged in farming and stock-raising. 

THOMAS STILLINGS, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center. The subject of this biography was 
bornin Harford County, Md., November 30, 1816 His parents, James and Mary (Barnes) Stillings, 
wei'e also natives of Harford County. Mr. Stillings was born May 8,1785, and Mrs. S. Novem- 
ber 1, 1791. In 1828, they removed to Clark County, Ohio, and settled ten miles east of Spring- 
field, where they resided till 1833, and came and located in Allen Township, where Mr. Stillings 
bought a tract of 200 acres of land ; he afterward added 100 acres to the original purchase. He 
was drafted and served in the war of 1S12. His death occurred in the fall of 1865, and bis 
wife followed some two years after. Thomas is the second son in a family of ten children. Feb- 
ruary 21, 1842, he was married to Miss Somelia. daughter of James C. and Providence Dines. 
Mrs. Stillings was born in Clark County, Ohio, June 14, 1823. Of four sons three are living, 
viz.: William, married Emma Wood ; Edward, married Olive Carpenter; and French G., mar- 
ried Ella Vance; Lewis, the eldest son, is deceased. He was born December 15, 1844, and 
September 3, 1864, in tender manhood, he responded to the country's call and enlisted in Com- 
pany F, One Hundred and Seventy-ninth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry. While in the 
service, he contracted the measles and died January 15, 1865, while home on a furlough He 
was a patriotic soldier boy and now sleeps with the fallen heroes of the Union. In 1844, Mr. 
Stillings purchased eighty-seven acres of his present farm, and with thirty-seven acres as a 
present from his father, he began life. He now owns 302 acres of finely improved land constitut- 
ing the home farm, besides acres in Union Township. Mr. Stillings started in life like many 
others of his day, in limited circumstances. 13y his untiring energy and industry he has raad^ 
for himself a large and valuable competence, and ranks as one of the solid and substantial men 
of tlie county. Farming and stock-raising has been his exclusive occupation, and in which he 
has been crowned with eminent success. Mr. Stillings, although not an otfice aspirant, has filled 
various official capacities in his township. He is now serving his third term as Township 
Trustee. The portrait of Mr. S. that appears in this was made from an ambrotype taken when 
he was forty-two years of age. 

EDWARD STILLINGS, farmer and fine stock raiser and dealer, P. 0. Milford Center, was 
born on the old homstead in Allen Township, February 3, 1850. He is the third son of Thomas 
and Somelia Stillings, early pioneers of Union County. He was reared and brought up on his 
father's farm and received his education iu the district schools and union schools of Marysville. 
September 14, 1876, he was united in marriage with Miss Olive Caipenter. the only daughter of 
George and Sarah A. Carpenter. Mrs. Stillings is a native of Allen Township ; was born Septem- 
ber 14, 1866. They have had three children — Daisy May, born June 13, 1880 ; and Frencdi C, 
born March 25, 1882 ; i^rthur T., the eldest, is deceased. He was born March 15, 1878, and died 
August 11, 1879. June 1, 1877, Mr. Stillings located on his ftirm where he has since resided. 
He is engaged in farming, but devotes most of his attention to breeding fine stock. He is a 
member of the importing company of E. Lincoln & Co., who are engaged in importing 
thoroughbred Norman and Percheron draft horses from France. He also has some fine Ken- 
tucky driving horses. He has in his possession a French mare which weighed, when three years 
old, 2,000 pounds. Mr. Stillings is an enterprising young man. He owns a highly cultivated 
farm adjoining the homestead. 

SAMUEL WADDEL, farmer, P. 0. North Lewisburg, a native of Fairfield County, Ohio, was 
born December 8, 1826. He is a son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Dixon) Waddel, natives of Pennsyl- 
vania, and whose parents were atnong the firs', pioneer settlers of Fairfield County, Ohio. 
Samuel, the subject of this sketch, wa^ reared to manhood in his native place. His taiher died 
when he was but little more than six yeirs of age. April, 1856, be with his mother came to 
Union County and settled on the farm he now occup'es, where his motaer died April 22, 1858. 
Mr. Waddel, when he first settled here, bought a farm of seventy-four acres, which he has 
cleared and improved. April 21, 1853, he married to Miss Elizabeth Zemmer, daughter of 
Abraham and Susan Zemmer, a native of Pickaway County, Ohio. Their two children are : 

26 



482 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Catharine I., born November 12, 1854, married H. E. Spain; and Leiitia E., born February 28, 
1858. Mr. Waddel and family are members of the U. B. Church. In politics, Mr. Waddel is 
a Republican. He was a member of the Board of Township Trustees four years, and since 
1870 has filled the office of Township Treasurer. He owns a farm of eighty-eight acres, and is 
engaged in agricultural pursuits. 

JAMES WILBER, an aged pioneer of Union County, was born in Rhode Island November 
22, 1799. When a boy his parents, Owen and Sarah (Pierce) Wilber, removed to Madison 
County, N. Y. His father was a soldier for awhile in the war of 1812, and died in 182<); his 
widow survived him over forty years, she dying in January, 1861, at the ripe age of ninety-three 
years. Mr. Wilber, the subject of this sketch, spent his eai-ly life and manhood on a farm. In 
1817, he came to Ohio with Mr. John Coolidge and family, who settled near Milford Center, 
Union County. He returned to New York in 1820, and remained one year, but having a pref- 
erence for the West, which he considered afforded superior advantages for the young man, he 
returned to Union County, where he worked by the day and month, till 1829, when he married. 
In 1837, he purchased 100 acres of his present farm, which then dwelt in its forest state. He 
cleared a site for a house, which he erected of logs. He, with the assistance of his sons, cleared 
up the land of a f-irm of about 200 acres. Mr. Wilber aided in making numerous improvements 
in the way of early roads, schools and churches. October 29, 1829, he was united in marriage 
to Miss Sarah Cameron, daughter of John and Anna Cameron, who removed from Pennsylvania 
to Hamilton County, Ohio, in 1811, thence to Warren County, and in 1824 to Champaign County, 
and ^ix years later (1830), to Jackson Township, this county. Mr. Cameron died July 27, 
1849, aged eighty-three years. When a young man he spent several years in transporting pro- 
visions by flat-boat, from Pittsburgh to Cincinnati. His widow survived him a number of years, 
and died August 17, 1873. Mr. and Mrs. Wilber hive been blessed with nine children; of these 
six are living — Sarah A., wife of George Carpenter, Owen, Edwin, William, Addie. wife of D. J. 
Woods, and Zachary ; Almeda, Olive and Joseph, are deceased. Mr. Wilbur has made farming 
and stock-raising his sole occupation, and followed it successfully up to December 15, 1878, 
when he was stricken with paralysis, which has entirely disabled him from all business. Mr. 
AVilber has been called upon to fill various offices of trust in his township, and among them 
Treasurer and Trustee, which positions he held for several years. He has always been an 
active citizen and has displayed a lively interest in all improvements and enterprises of his 
township and county. And now when age and relentless disease has unfitted him for the per- 
formance of other duties, it can be said of him that his life was one of industry, usefulness and 
success. 

OWEN WILBER, farmer, P. 0. North Lewisburg, eldest son of James and Sarah Wilber, was 
born in Allen Township June 25, 1832. His early life he spent on the homestead, and re- 
ceived his education, though very limited, in the district schools. He with his brothers, aided 
in hewing down the forest and cleai'ing up the old farm. March 29, 1855, he was united in 
marriage to Miss Sarah J., daughter of Samuel and Sarah J. Marsh. Mi'S. Wilber is a native of 
Virginia, was born March 9, 1841. Thty have had two children — Alice L., wife of E. B. More- 
house, of Dayton, and A. D., the youngest; he married Sarah Snufiin. Soon after his marriage 
Mr. Wilbur located on the farm he now occupies. His occupation consists of agricultural and 
stock-raising, making a leading pursuit of keeping Poland-China hogs, and French and Clydes- 
dale horses. In 18tjl, he enlisted in the Ninty-sixth Regiment of Ohio Volunteers, but on ac- 
count of disability was never mustered into the service. May 2, 18G4, he and his brother 
Edwin, volunteered their services in Company H. One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Regiment 
Ohio National Guards, and served on garrison duty at Fort Ellsworth till discharged at Camp 
Chase, Ohio, August 31, 1864. He then returned to his farm, and has been engaged in its pur- 
suits successfully ever since. He has liberally assisted in the construction of the pike improve- 
ments of his township and community. He filled the office of Township Clerk four terms. He 
and wife are members of the M. E. Church. His political associations have always been with 
the Republican party. 

EDWIN WILBER, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, second son of James and Sarah Wilber, was 
born in Allen Township December 13, 1834. He passed his childhood and early manhood on 
the farm, and acquired his education in the common schools. October 18, 1860, he was joined 
in marriage to Miss 0. M. Eaton, a daughter of Joshua and Mary Eaton, natives of Con- 
necticut and Massachusetts respectively. Mrs. Wilber was born in Ashtabula County, Ohio, 
February 2, 1831. Their children are Elmer, Annie, Alonzo and Estelle M. One child died 
in infancy. May 2, 18G4, Mr. Wilber enlisted as a member of Company H, One Hundred and 
Thirty-sixth Regimental Battalion of the Ohio Nation.al Guards. He was employed principally 
on garrison duty near Washington, D. C, till September 15, 1864, when he was honorably dis- 
charged from the service. He returned home, and resumed the pursuits of farming and stock- 
raising, his present avocation. In 1856, he and his brother Owen purchased 246 acres of land, 
and, in 1858, his father transferred to him 123 acres. His farm now contains 244 acres of land, 
well improved and under a high state of cultivation. In stock-raising, he has made a specialty 
of Poland-China hogs, in which he has made a marked success. Mr. Wilber has displayed an 
interest in all irr.provements, and especially has pikes received his aid and co-operation in their 



ALLEN TOWNSHIP. 483 

construction. He is now sei'ving his second term as member of the Board of Township Trustees. 
Politically, he is a member of the Republican party. 

ISAAC WILLET, farmer, P. [0. North Lewisburg, a prominent farmer and stock-i-aiser of 
Allen Township, was born near Woodstock, Champaign County, Ohio, May 19, 1837. His father, 
DaTid Willet, was a native of Harrison County, W. Va., and his mother, Elizabeth (Rogers) 
AVillett, of Ross County, Ohio. Mr. Willet removed to Champaign County, Ohio, about 1820. 
His mother and three brothers, Isaac, Abraham and Daniel Crislip, emigrated from England prior 
to the war of the Revolution, and purchased large lands on Brushy Fork, Harrison County, W.Va. 
Mr. Willet, the father of the subject of this sketch, was married in Champaign County to Eliza- 
beth Rogers, whose parents had moved to Champaign County in 1805. Of a family of ten chil- 
dren, nine are living — Samuel L., John 0., JNIary .J., wife of James W. Romine, Isaac, Catharine, 
wife of W. H. Lease, William H., Sarah E., wife of John Moore, Maria, wife of W. McArthur, 
and George W. Hopy A, is deceased. Isaac, ihe subject of this sketch, passed his early life on 
a farm, and was educated in the common schools of his native place. When a young man, he 
engaged in dealing in stock, and spent the years of 18.57-58 in that business in Illinois. He 
then returned to Ohio, and in 1862 removed to the farm where he now resides. For the last 
twenty-six years he has bought and shipped stock, doing a successful business. Of late years 
he has made a leading pursuit in breeding and keeping thoroughbred Poland-China hogs. Since 
July, 1881, he has been interested in the live stock commission business at Union Stock Yards, 
Cincinnati. He is a member of the Agricultural Board of the " World's Fair," and a stockholder 
in the Bank of North Lewisburg; and also a member of the Ohio Farmers' and Horsemen's Mu- 
tual Protection Company. Mr. Willet is an active, enterprising citizen, and always manifests an 
interest in all public improvements. He was married January 22, 1862, to Lucy J. Spain, 
daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth A. Spain. Mrs. W., a native of Champaign County, was bora 
September 12, 1845. This union was blessed with six children; of these, live are living, viz.: 
Emma B., Josephine, Lizzie, Marcie and Anderson L. Thomas S. is deceased. 

ADAM WOLFORD, Justice of the Peace, P. 0. Pottersburg, was born in Knox County, 
Ohio, November 13, 1824. His parents, Andrew and Charlotte (Ream) AVolford, were natives 
of Bedford County, Penn. They were married in Bedford County, and removed to Knox 
County, Ohio, prior to the war of 1812. Mr. W. died in April, 1825, leaving eight children. 
Adam was reared on the homestead till he was thirteen years of age when he started out for 
iiimself, working as a farm hand by the month (ill he was seventeen, when he tocik up the car- 
penter trade in Marysville, where his mother had moved in 1828. She died in Henry County, 
Iowa, in September, 1874. In 1844, our subject returned to Marysville, where he followed his 
'trade till 1873. He aided in building Union Block, Presbyterian and Methodist Churches, be- 
sides other buildings. In 1873, he removed to his farm, and the same year was elected Justice 
of the Peace, which office he has since tilled. December 9, 18G0, he was married to Miss Nancy 
J. Jordan, daughter of Henry and Nancy Jordan. Mr. and Mrs. W. are members of the Meth- 
odist Episcopal Church. 

WILLIAM C. WOOD, farmer, P. 0. Milford Center, was born in Union Township Decem- 
ber 8, 1825. His parents, Luther and Rosanna (Cochran) Wood, were natives of Connecticut 
and Pennsylvania. Mr. Wood was born March 31, 1799, and Mrs. Wood April 23, 1802. Na- 
than and Lucinda Wood, parents of Luther, resided in New York State and died at Chautauqua. 
In 1821, Mr. Wood came to Union County and settled near Milford Center ; in 1831, he removed 
to Allen Township, where he resided till the early part of 1872, when he moved to Piqua, Mi- 
ami County, where he died the following August. Mrs. Wood, the widow, lives mostly with 
William C. Mr. Wood was a man of some prominence, having filled the office of Township- 
Clerk ten years, and as Justice of the Peace the same length of time. He was a Republican, 
formerly a Whig. William C, the subject of this biography, was the second child of a family 
of three sons and three daughters. His early life was passed on his father's farm, and he has 
made that avocation his life-work. January 22, 1846, he wms married to Maria McWilliams, 
a daughter of Alexander and Margaret (Nixon) McWilliams. Mrs. Wood, a native of Belmont 
County, Ohio, was born March 19, 1824. This union was blessed with five children ; four 
of them are living, viz.: Alice J., wife of Stanton Marsh, James D., Luther A., and Anna, wife 
of Delmer Coe. An infant daughter is deceased. Mr. Wood started in life with a capital not 
exceeding |100 but by his indomitable energy, so characteristic of the pioneer, combined 
with good business management, he acquired for himself a handsome competence. 
He located at his present residence in 1864. His farm at one time contained 500 acres of well- 
improved land, but a division with his children leaves him now with 256 acres. Mr. Wood's 
occupation consisted in farming and rearing and dealing in fine stock, in which pursuits he 
made a success. He and family are members of the Milford Methodist Episcopal Church. Po- 
litically, he is Republican. 

JAMES D. WOOD, farmer, P.O. Milford Center, eldest son of William C. and Maria Wood, 
was born on the old homestead in Allen Township January 5, 1849. He remained at home till 
of age. January 6, 1870, he was married to Miss Addie Wilber, a daughter of James and 
Sarah Wilber, of this county. Mrs. Wood was born in Allen Township November 8, 1846. 
They have two children — Ida, born March 14, 1871, and Lillie, born May 13, 1873. An infant 



484 • HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

daughter, now deceased, was born May 13, 1878. Mr. and Mrs. Wood are members of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. Politically, he inherits the views of his father. He owns 135 
acres of land. 

LUTHER A. WOOD, fixrmer, P. 0. Milford Center, son of William C. Wood, whose portrait ap- 
pears in this work, was born on the home farm in Allen Township December 19, 1851. He was 
brought up to farming and has always followed its pursuits. April 12, 1877, he was married to Miss 
Emma P. Irwin, daughter of Lackey and Nancy (Maxwell) Irwin. Mrs. Wood was born in Allen 
Township .lune 26, 185G. By this union one child was born, who died in infancy. Mr. 
Wood owns forty-eight and one-half acres of land and follows farming and stock-raising and, 
during the fall seasons, operates a steam thresher. He and wife are associated with the Meth- 
odist Church. Politically, he adheres to the Republican principles of his father. 



CHAPTER X. 



JACKSOX TOWNSHIP. 

THIS township occupies the northeastern corner of Union County. Mar- 
ion County bounds it on the north and east, Claibourne Township on the 
south and Washington on the west. Rush Creek is the only stream of any 
importance. It enters from Washington on the west, flows southeastwardly 
till it reaches the interior portion of the township, then bends sharply toward 
the north and cro.sses into Marion County. It is said that the stream received 
its name from the abundant growth of rush along its banks in early times. 
The soil is generally of a clayey composition. In the first bottom along the 
stream it is a black loam, and on the ridge above, or second bottom, is found 
considerable limestone and gravel. The surface may be described as sliglitly 
rolling. Back from the streams existed a number of ponds in pioneer days, 
but these have mostly been drained and converted into productive fields. One 
of the largest was known as Beaver Pond, in the northwestern part of the 
township. It embraced about forty acres, but scarcely a vestige of it now re- 
mains. Walnut, hickory, white ash, sugar, burr oak, red oak, elm and beech 
were the most plenteous varieties of timber. Few springs exist and a good 
limestone water is found in wells at a depth of from twenty to forty feet. In 
the bottom lands, corn, wheat and grass are the principal crops. Back from 
the creeks grass is chiefly grown. 

A petition was presented to the Commissioners of Union County, March 
3, 1829, by Ebenezer Cheney, praying or a new township, to be named Jack 
son, to be laid off the north side of Leesbm'g Township. The Commissioners 
granted the petition and defined the boundaries of the new township as fol- 
lows: 

" Beginning at the cotmty line eight miles south of the northeast corner 
of Union County, thence running west parallel with the north line of the 
county of Union to the east line of Liberty Township; thence with the Liberty 
Township line north to the northern boundary of the county of Union; 
thence east to the northeast corner of said county of Union; thence south eight 
miles to the place of beginning." 

At the same session, the Board of Commissioners ordered that it be sur- 
veyed by Levi Phelps. 

June 3, 1829, the following entry is found on the records: " The Com- 
missioners of Union County reconsidered the order for the running of the 
township of Jackson, and ordered that said township shall be laid off, begin- 
ning two miles and one-half north of the first mile tree north of Bokes Creek 
on the eastern boundary of the county of Uni5n; thence west parallel with the 



JACKSON TOWNSHIP. 485 

BOiithern boundary of said county of Union to the boundary line between 
Liberty and Leesburg — all north to be considered as the township of Jackson." 

The same day an election of township officers was ordered, to be held June 
16, 1829. 

As thus constituted, the township embraced the greater portion of what is 
now Claiboiu'ne Township, and also the Miller settlement in York Township. 

At the election held for State and county officers, October 12, 1829, 
twenty one voters w^ere present, viz. : George Clark, Joseph Wilson, Nathan- 
iel Wilson, John Smith, James Clark, Eleazur Rose, Jacob Reed, Henry 
Swartz, Henry Clark, John (31ark, David S. Allen, Benjamin Carter, Hugh M. 
Stevens, Jonathan Miller, Charles Miller, Joseph Miller, Harvey Moore, Ira Ber- 
nett, Adam Jmbody, Ebenezer Cheney and James Cameron. Of these, only six re- 
sided in what is now Jackson Township, viz. : Benjamin Carter, Jacob Reed, 
David S. Allen, Harvey Moore, Ebenezer Cheney and Jamea Cameron. Henry 
Swartz, George Clark, and Jacob Reed were the Judges of the election, and 
Eleazur Rose and James Clark, Clerks. 

The township was reduced to its present limits by the erection of Clai- 
bourne, in 1834. 

Where the first election was held is not known; it was probably some- 
where in what is now Claibourne. In 1832, the place of election was changed 
to the house of David Carr, and. in 1838 it was ordered that the Township 
Trustees that elections be held at Michael Blue's house. In 1843, the school- 
house at Essex became the voting place, and the elections have ever since been 
held at Essex. 

JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. 

Until 1834 some of the Justices resided in what is now Claibourne Town- 
ship. Among them were Henry Swartz, whose commission expired January 
19, 1833, and Philip Plummer, whose commission was dated August 15, 1833. 

As complete a list as can be obtained of those Ijelonging to Jackson prop- 
er is as follows: Thomas Cheney, 1832, resigned Ju.ne, 1833; John Scott, 
1833; James P. Scott, 1836; John Scott, 1836; Dennis Welch, 1839; 
John Cheney, 1839; Dennis Welch, 1842; John Cheney, 1843; Tabor 
Randall, 1845; Francis Baldwin, 1846; Tabor Randall, 1848: Francis 
Baldwin, 1849; Tabor Randall, 1S51; Francis Baldwin, 1852; Tabor 
Randall, 1854; John Cheney, 1854; Harvey Mather, 1855; John Cheney, 
1857; Harvey Mather, 1858; Simpson Price, 1860; Harvey Mather, 1861; 
Francis Baldwin, 1863; Harvey Mather, 1864; J. L. Axtens, 1866; John M. 
Blue, 1867; J. L. Axtens, 1869; William Miller, 1870; John M. Blue, 1872; 
L. P. Axtens, 1872; Harvev JVJather, 1875; C. W. Burgoon, 1875; H. M. 
Hall, 1878; C. W. Burgoon* 1878; H. M. Hall, 1881; C. W. Burgoon, 1881. 

VOTE FOR GOVERNOR. 

The full vote of Jackson at each gubernatorial electio n since the organ- 
ization of the township is hei'ewith pr^^sented: 

1830 — Robert Lucas, 14; Duncan McArthur, 7: total, 21. 

1832 — Robert Lucas, 26; Darius Lyman, 3; total, 29. 

1834 — Robert Lucas, 1; James Finley, 16; total, 17. 

1836 — Joseph Vance, 31; Eli Baldwin, 1; total, 32. 

1838 — Joseph Vance , 14; Wilson Shannon, 16; total, 30. 

1840— Thomas Corwin, 25; Wilson Shannon, 24; total, 49. 
[ 1842 — Thomas Corwin, 21; Wilson Shannon, 34; total 55. 

1844— Mordecai Bartley, 23; David Tod, 33; total, 56. 

1846— William Bebb, 18; David Tod, 35; total, 53. 

1848— Seabury Ford, 20; John B. Weller, 38; total, 58. 



486 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

1850 — William Johnson, 24; Reuben Wood, 45; total, 69. 

1851 — Samuel F. Vinton, 24; Reuben Wood, 53; total, 77. 

1853 — Nelson Barrere, 25; William Medill, 47; Samuel Lewis, 19; to- 
tal, 91. 

1855— Salmon P. Chase, 52; William Medill. 39; total, 91. 

1S57 — Salmon P. Chase, 44; Henry B. Payne, 59; Lotal, 103. 

1859 — William Dennison, 58; Rufus P. Ranuey, 55; total, 113. 

1861— David Tod, 68; H. J. Jewett, 67; total, 135. 

1863— John Brough, 80; C. L. Vallandigham, 66; total, 146. 

1865— J. D. Cox. 79; George W. Morgan, 74; total, 153. 

1867— R. B.Hayes, 80; Allen G. Thurman, 93; total, 173. 

1869— R. B. Hayes, 74; George H. Pendleton, 92; total, 166. 

1871— E. F. Noyes, 98: George W. McCook, 89; total, 187. 

1873— E. F. Noyes, 93; William Allen, 92; I. C. Collins, 2; Gideon 
Stewart, 3; total, 190. 

1875— William Allen, 112; R. B. Hayes, 103; Jay Odell, 8; total, 228. 

1877— William H. West, 126; R. M. Bishop, 122; total, 248. 

1879— Charles Foster, 138; Thomas Ewing, 150; G. T. Stewart, 11; to- 
tal, 299. 

1881 — Charles Foster, 130; John W. Bookwalter, 13 <; A. R. Ludlow, 17; 
total, 284. 

SURVEYS. 

The original surveys of land in the township and the original proprietors 
are as follows: John Williams, No. 3,473, 400 acres, surveyed August 15, 
1831, by Cadwallader Wallace: Maria Bell and William Bernard Scott, No. 
4,569, 500 acres, surveyed by Thomas J. McArthur, April 14, 1822; John 
Woodsides, No. 7,863, 100 acres, surveyed by Thomas J. McArthur, 
May 3, 1824; William Conner, No. 7,863, 100 acres, surveyed by 
Thomas J. McArthur, May 3, 1824; Ann Gholson, No. 9,898, 800 acres, sur- 
veyed January 8, 1820, by Samuel Forrer; John Swan, No. 9,898, 200 acres, 
surveyed January 8, 1820, by Samuel Forrer; Peyton Mason, No. 9,899, 833 J 
acres, surveyed January 9, 1820, by Samuel Forrer; John Swan, No. 9,899, 
166| acres, surveyed January 9, 1820, by Samuel Forrer; James Neilson, as- 
signee, No. 9,900, 1,000 acres (partly in Marion County), surveyed November 
18, 1821, by Thomas J. McArthur; Edward Stubbleiield, assignee, Nos. 9,901 
and 10,780, 1,299| acres, surveyed by Thomas J. McArthur, September 3, 
1821; Thomas Miller, assignee, No. 9,909, 1,000 acres, surveyed by Thomas 
J. McArthur, May 8, 1822; John Swan, No. 9,920, 1,000 acres, surveyed by 
Samuel Forrer, January 5, 1820; Nathaniel Triplett, No. 9,921, 400 acres, 
surveyed by Samuel Forrer, January 15, 1820; George Weedon, No. 9,921, 
600 acres, surveyed by Samuel Forrer, January 15, 1820; John Blackwell, Jr., 
James Taylor and Alexander Breckenridge, No. 9,922, 1,000 acres, surveyed 
by Samuel Forrer, January 17, 1820; Edward Smith, No. 9,940, 400 acres, 
surveyed October 16, 1830, by E. P. Kendrick; Francis Muir, No. 9,941, 533^ 
acres, (partly in Marion County) surveyed January 22, 1820, by Samuel For- 
rer; John Swan, No. 9,941, 266 1 acres (partly in Marion County), surveyed 
January 22, 1820, by Samuel Forrer; Phineas Sanburn, No. 9,911, 200 acres 
(partly in Marion County), surveyed January 22, 1820, by Samuel Forrer; 
Mayo Carrington, No. 9,942, 277^ acres, surveyed January 23, 1820, by Sam- 
uel Forrer; Abraham Buford, No. 9,942, 194 acres, surveyed January 23, 
1820, by Samuel Forrer; James Taylor, David Stephenson and Anthony Sin- 
gleton, No. 9,943, 888 acres (partly in Marion County), surveyed January 24, 
1820, by Samuel Forrer; representatives of Charles Pottertield, No. 9,944, 
1,000 acres (partly in Marion County), surveyed January 24, 1820, by Samuel 



JACKSON TOWNSHIP. 487 

Forrer; Alexander Drummond, No. 10, 193, 200 acres, surveyed by D. Thomas J. 
McArthnr, April 22, 1822; John Welch, No. 10,194, 200 acres, surveyed 
December 14, 1830, by E. P. Kendrick; Sawney Whistler, No. 10,195, 200 
acres, surveyed December 14, 1830, by F. P. Kendrick; Lewis Fox, No. 
10,196, 100 acres, surveyed December 14, 1830, by E. P. Kendrick; William 
Hook, No. 10,197, 100 acres, surveyed December 14, 1830; Cadwallader Wal- 
lace, John Watts, Clough Shelton, No. 10,240, 3,565 acres (mostly in Marion 
County), surveyed November 15, 1821, by Thomas J. McArthur; Nathaniel 
Sawyer, No. 10,408, 1,000 acres (partiy in Marion County), surveyed by 
Thomas J. McArthur, November 17, 1821; Joshua Grist, Nos. 10,704 and 
10,705, 2,000 acres, surveyed November 19, 1821, by Thomas' J. McArthur; 
Robert C Bruce, No. 11,043. 200 acres, surveyed by Thomas J. McArthur, 
Mav 5, 1824; Allen Latham, Nos. 11,099 and 13,766, 233^ acres, surveyed by 
E. P. Kendrick, May 14, 1836; Charles Harrison, No. 12,188, 509 acres, sur- 
veyed January 25, 1824, by Thomas J. IMcArthur; H. Bowman, No. 10,031, 
1,(300 acres (mostly in Marion County); H. Pottins, No. 10,952, 50 acres; 
Joseph S. Watkins, No. 14,294, 75 acres, surveyed by E. P. Kendrick, April 
30, 1839; James Taylor, No. 14,559, 45 acres, surveyed July 18, 1840, by 
James Taylor. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

The first settler in the territory now comprised within Jackson Township 
was Benjamin Carter. He was born in Tennessee February 25, 1787; emi- 
grated to Ohio in 1805, and settled in Champaign County; he there married 
Mary Owen, January 24, 1812, and served a short time in the war that shortly 
ensued. He came with his family to Jackson Township, December 25, 1826, 
and purchased 160 acres in Survey No. 9,899, southwest from Essex, the place 
now owned by W. G. Cowgill. Mr. Carter was an industrious farmer, and 
spent the remainder of his life in clearing and cultivating his farm. He re- 
mained a life-long citizen of Jackson Township and died March 5, 1866; his 
wife, who was born in 1796, died in 1871. Their children are Worret O., 
a farmer, who married Polly Chapman in this township, removed to Lima, 
Ohio, and there died; Cyrus, a Methodist Protestant minister, married Eliza- 
beth Chapman, and is now preaching in the West; Ebenezer O. , who married 
Nancy Dysert, and was afterward accidentally drowned at Columbus; Levi, a 
farmer, who married Jane Jones, of this township, and died in the army; 
James a physician, married to Anice Pooler, of Broadway, now practicing at 
Lincoln, Neb. ; Sarah J., married to Hamilton Bigley, a Methodist Episcopal 
minister; and John P., who married Rosa Roberts. 

Harvey Moore, a young itnmarried man, accompanied Benjamin Carter to 
the township. He was born in this State in 1805; married Magdalena Ivans 
in 1833 and settled down to the occupation of a farmer. His wife was born 
in Wales in the year 1809 and died in 1878. Mr. Moore died in 1867. His 
children were Elizabeth, Margaret (Grant), Thomas, deceased, John, Magda- 
lena, Nancy (Aikens), Cyrus and Martha Ellen (Taylor). 

Ebenezer Cheney made the next settlement in this township. He was 
born in Harrison County, Va., January 15, 1777, and married Elizabeth 
Owen, who was also a native of Virginia. He emigrated to Champaign Coun- 
ty, Ohio, in 1807, and in 1827 settled in Jackson Township just south of Es- 
sex, now the W. Harriman place. Mr. Cheney was attracted to Jackson Town- 
ship by the game that abounded in the wilderness. He was passionately fond 
of hunting, and when not engaged with his farm duties was always traversing 
the forests, gun in hand. The route by which he, and Mr. Carter before him, 
reached their future homes, was by an Indian trail from Fulton Creek north 



488 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

to Kusb Creek, which almost followed the line of the present pike. They 
came by ox team and often were obliged to stop and cat logs away in order 
that their team might pass. The cabins were raised by assistance obtained 
from far and near. The cabin of Ebenezer Cheney was built mostly by men 
from the Scioto River. The day was fixed for the raising, and as the dis- 
tance was considerable, the men threaded their way through the woods the even- 
ing before, in order to be on hand early in the morning. They built a large 
fire and camped on the spot, resting as best they could on heaps of brush. It 
was a jolly ci'owd of men which wooed sleep in vain, and at last abandoning all 
hope of slumber, the men rose and went to work by the fitful gleam of camp 
fire, and by daylight had the cabin erected as high as they could reach with 
uplifted hands. Mr. Cheney killed many deer and was also a noted beehun- 
ter. While engaged in his favorite pastime, he met with the misfortune of 
losing an eye by the brushing of a tree branch against his face. He died July 
15, 1833. His wife preceded him to the grave five years. Their children 
were Keturah, who married David S. Allen, in Champaign County; Thomas; 
Mary, who married David Carr; Elizabeth, who was the wife of Tabor Ran- 
dall; John, a farmer, who died in this township; Francis, who died in Mar- 
ion County; William, now living near Lima, Allen County; and Jane, who 
died in this township. 

Thomas Cheney was born in Harrison County, Va., in 1804. He came 
with his father to this townshij^ in 1827, but soon after returned to Champaign 
County, where, in 1829, he married Martha Carr, who was born in Pennsyl- 
vania, in 1813. In 1829, they settled in Jackson Township, and Mr. Cheney 
became one of its prominent and respected citizens. He died Marchl 9, 18G5; 
his widow survives and is living at the residence of her son, Lorenzo Cheney, 
in this township. 

David S. Allen came with the Cheneys in 1827, and settled just west of 
Essex. He was born in Luzerne County, Penn.. November 23, 1799, and mar- 
ried Keturah Cheney, in Champaign County, Ohio, March 22, 1821. Mrs. 
Allen died here December 19, 1834. Their children were. Daniel, Elizabeth, 
Anna, Thomas, Matilda and Amy. Mr. Allen subsequently married Elizabeth 
Love, and in 1844 removed to Illinois, where he died March 17, 1865. 

Jacob Reed was born in Harrison County, Va., March 14, 1807. He 
came to Champaign County, Ohio, in 1825, and Aiigust 14, 1828, married Eliza- 
beth Cameron, who was born in Pennsylvania in March, 1809. In the fall of 1829, 
he came to this township and built himself a cabin about one and a half miles 
south of Essex, on what is now known as the W. W. Smith place. While 
thus engaged, he voted at the first election held in Jackson Township. Re- 
turning to Champaign Coiinty, he moved his family in the spring of 1830 to 
his new home, and there engaged in the arduous labors of a pioneer. His 
wife died in 1835. After following farming for a short time. Mr. Reed be- 
came a storekeeper at Essex. He sold out his store, and in 1851 emigrated to 
Mahaska County, Iowa, where he died in the spring of 1880. 

The permanent arrival of Joseph Cameron in the township also was in 
the year 1830. He accompanied his brother-in-law, Jacob Reed, to the site 
he had selected for his forest home in the fall of 1829, and likewise built him- 
self a cabin about three miles from Essex, and voted at the first election in 
Jackson To\vnship. He was born in Philadelphia County, Penn., in 1807, and 
four years later emigrated with his father, John Cameron, to Champaign 
County, and was there reared to manhood. He was married to Sarah Reed, 
March 26, 1829; she was born in Harrison County, Va.. in 1809. Mr. Cameron 
continued his residence in this township up to the date of his decease, which 
occurred in June, 1872. 



JACKSON TOWNSHir. 491 

Samuel Sanders was born in Maryland in 1760. In 1785, he married 
Nancy lieed, who was born 1767. In 1830, they settled in Jackson Township 
about a mile north of Essex, where he died in 1840. His wife survived him 
five years. 

John Price settled about a mile north of Essex in 1830. He was born in 
Pennsylvania June 7, 1797, and April 20, 1824, married Phcebe Sanders, who 
was born November 15, 1802. Mr. Price died September 19, 1848; his wife 
August 25, 1854. 

Jacob Collins, in 1829 or 1830, built himself a cabin and cleared a little 
place about two and one-half miles west of Essex, on the farm since owned 
by A. R. "White. He was not the owner of the land, only a squatter. He also 
built a little blacksmith shop here and became the first blacksmith. When 
not engaged at the forge or anvil, he was generally hunting game, at which 
he was very succMssfui. He finally sold his squatter's claim to Ebenezer 
Davis, who afterward removed to Washington Township and left for parts 
unknown. 

David Carr was born in Bradford County, Penn.. in 1802, and emigrated 
to Champaign County, Ohio, with his father, Absalom Carr, in 1817. He mar- 
ried Mary Cheney February 22, 1826, and in 1831 came to this township and 
settled southeast of Essex, where he died May 1, 1874. 

Tabor Randall was born in Windsor County, Vt. , November 5, 1800, the 
son of Joshua and Keziah (Hawley ) Randall. They removed to Essex Coun- 
ty, N. Y., and thence Tabur emigrated with his father in 1818 to Franklin 
County, Ohio, coming by team, the only way then practicable. In his youth 
he became a school teacher. He taught a term in Mill Creek Township in 1825, 
and also taught in Jerome Township and in Morrow County. In August, 1831, 
Mr. Randall came to Jackson Township for the purpose of teaching a school. 
He married Elizabeth Cheney January 1, 1832, and settled on a little place 
west of Essex, lately owned by Harvey Moore. He remained here four years, 
farming in summer and teaching in winter. He then removed to the village 
of Essex and tended store for Jacob Reed about a year; and for William Wurl 
about th(! same length of time. He also taught school and farmed to some 
extent until 1854, when he was elected Clerk of the Court for Union County. 
He removed to Marysville and retained the office fifteen years. He has since 
served in different capacities at the Marysville court house and is to-day a 
valuable and eificient ofiicial. though he has years ago passed his allotted 
three-score years and ten. 

Jesse Bell was born in Pennsylvania August 15, 1801, and in 1822 mar- 
ried Margaret Sanders, who was born in 1804. In 1832, they settled in Jack- 
son Township and here Mr. Bell, besides farming, followed blacksmithing. 
In 1855, he removed with his family to Marion County, where he died in 
1872. 

John Scott, who was originally from Pennsylvania, moved about 1830 to 
the place in the southern part of Jackson Township, now owned by Lorenzo 
Cheney. Ho was a zealous hunter and su.bsequently removed with his family 
to Van Wert County. 

Ira Bennett, about 1830, came from Franklin County and settled about 
two miles south of Essex. He remained only a few years and then moved 
West. 

Albert R. W^hite was born in Bradford County, Penn., August 12, 1801. 
He came with his parents to near Mill Grove, Warren Co., Ohio, in 1819, and 
the following year they moved to Brookville Township, Franklin Co., Ind. 
In a short time, Albert, in company with another young man, made a trip 
afoot to Pennsylvania. There, in Bradford County, in 1823, he married 



492 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Anna Allen. They settled in Indiana, and in 1831 moved to Champaign 
County, Ohio, near Mechanicsburg. Two years later, they became residents 
of Jackson Township. Their children are Jesse A., Daniel A., David R. , 
Anna (Cheney), Olive, who married Charles Copeland, and Delilah, wife of 
Jonathan Williams. Mrs. White died in July, 1853; Mr. White is still liv- 
ing in the eighty-second year of his age. 

Jason Chapman was born in Frederick County, Va., April 13, 1793. He 
was married December 13, 1813, to Miss Sarah Nutter, who was born in 1797. 
In March, 1825, Mr. Chapman came to Ohio, and after spending two years in 
Jackson County removed to Champaign County, and there remained until 
1833. In that year he made a journey to Jackson Township and built a 
cabin, and early in the following year moved into it with his family. His 
farm was located about a mile west of Essex, where his son Jason now re- 
sides. There was no clearing on the place when he came. He continued to 
live on this farm until his death, which occurred November 18, 1880. He 
was a stanch Whig and a leading member of the Methodist Protestant Church. 
During the war of 1812. he served eight months in the Northwest army under 
Gen. Harrison. He was present at the building of Ft. Meigs, and his only 
active service was in skirmishes with the Indians. Mrs. Chapman died in Au- 
gust, 1855. Of their eleven children, six died in jinfancy or youth; Joseph 
was killed in battle at Missionary Ridge, November 25, 1863; John, Jason N. 
and Julia A. (Benedict) reside in Jackson; Mary, wife of Lincoln Davis, re- 
sides at Lima, Allen Co., Ohio. 

Michael Blue was born in Virginia in 1801. He was marx-ied November 
20, 1820, to Eleanor Ai-ahood, who was born in Pennsylvania in 1802. They 
came with their families to Jackson Township in September, 1833, and set- 
tled a short distance northwest from Essex, on a farm of 150 acres, which Mr. 
Blue had purchased previous to his arrival, from Samuel R. Sanders. A 
slight improvement had been made on the place. He afterward increased the 
farm to 352 acres. Mr. Blue died in 1857; his wife survived until 1876. 

Southworth Mather was born in New Jersey, and when young moved with 
his father, Daniel Mather, to Virginia. Thence they came to Ohio. South- 
worth was married in Union Township, this county, to Philena Rice. About 
1831, he removed with his wife and two children to Jackson Township, squat- 
ting on a piece of land about a mile west of Essex. He afterward purchased 
land in Washington Township and lived there for a time. He then removed 
with his family to Logan County and ultimately to Allamakee, Iowa, where he 
died. Mr. Mather was one of those restless border spirits, fond of hunting, 
and only content when dwelling on the extreme frontier. 

Increase Mather, his wife Anna (Conine), and children, came to Jackson 
from Allen Center in 1831. He was a brother to Southworth Mather, and re- 
sided in this township vintil his death in the winter of 1838. Mx's. Anna Ma- 
ther died in March, 1832, and Increase took for a second wife Sarah Dil- 
saver. By the first jnarriage there were five children, of whom Harvey, of 
Jackson, is the only survivor; by the second marriage there were three, two 
of whom are yet living. 

The foregoing names are believed to include all who were among the ear- 
liest settlers, up to about 1834-35. The following were residents of the town- 
ship in 1840, and probably all of them came some time between the years 1835 
and 1840; Henry Bennett, Francis Baldwin, Ira Bennett, Jesse Bowen, John 
and Henry Baldwin, Benjamin Bradshaw. Daniel Bell, Michael Deck, John 
Dixon, Absalom Forbes, Samuel Grant, Jacob Honaker, Peter Hinkle, David 
Jones, William Lockhart, Hiram Keeler, George Kightliager, Samuel Mer- 
rit, Reuben Redding, Thomas Temple, Nicholas Van Buskirk, David Wash- 
burn, David, Dennis and Benjamin Welch. 



JACKSON TOWNSHIP. 493 

Only a brief mention is possible of these pioneers. The Temples and 
Merrits made the first permanent improvements in the western part of the 
township. Thomas Temple came about 1834-35 and settled in the wilderness 
where Joseph Temple now lives. His son, Joseph, soon after followed him 
and located on an adjoining place. Samuel Merrit came from the vicinity of 
Mechanicsbm-g. He always lived upon the farm he located, and died and was 
buried there. Michael Van Buskirk, in 1836-37, leased land from Mr. Merrit 
and occupied a cabin which stood near the site of the Disciple Church. He 
acquired no land here and changed his place of abode frequently. He died at 
Marion several years ago. Reuben Redding settled in the woods in the west- 
ern part of the township. He afterward removed to Marion County and there 
died. John Dixon, a Virginian, on his first arrival took a lease in the west- 
ern part of the township. He and his son John then purchased a little prop 
erty, and there he passed the remainder of his life. David Jones settled 
about a mile west of Essex. He died in the township. David AVashburn occu- 
pied a place for awhile in the same vicinity, then removed to another county. 

Jesse Bowen was born in Vii-ginia, six miles from Harper's Ferry, Decem- 
ber 18, 1805. When eight years old, he came with his father, Jonathan 
Bowon, to Ross County, Ohio. They had scarcely arrived when his father's 
team was impressed by the military to haul corn to Franklinton, Franklin 
County. About 1822, they came to Union County and settled on Mill Creek 
about three miles below Marysville. Jesse there married Susanna Spurgeon 
and in April, 1835, he removed to a farm of 150 acres, one and a half miles 
northeast of Essex, which he had purchased at Chillicothe from Allen G. 
Latham. At this time the eastern portion of Jackson Township was devoid of 
any settlements. Mr. Bowen is still a resident of the locality he first occu- 
pied forty -seven years ago. 

Also in April, 1835, Francis Baldwin came from Madison County and es- 
tablished himself in a wilderness home about one mile northeast from Essex. 
He spent the rest of his life here. John Baldwin and his son Henry settled 
in the north part of the township. Daniel Bell settled about a mile north of 
Essex on the Larne pike. 

In the northeast part of the township Samuel Grant was one of the ear- 
liest settlers. He came from Big Darby Creek and died here, within a few 
years of his arrival, of "milk sickness." This part of the township was very 
wet and marshy at first, and much sickness prevailed. Jacob Honaker settled 
in the same vicinity, first in Marion County and then in this township. He 
was from Virginia, and besides farming he followed gun- smithing, his trade. 
He died on his farm. Benjamin Bradshaw, also a Virginian, settled on the 
Grant farm and married Mrs. Ann E. Grant, the widow of Samuel Grant. 
Michael Deck, from the State of Virginia, came with Mr. Bradshaw and Mr. 
Honaker, and built his log cabin on a fifty- acre farm northeast from Essex, 
William Lockhart, from Greene County, settled on a farm soon after 1835, 
about two miles northeast of Essex. He died on the same place many years 
later. 

Dennis Welch, about 1835-36, settled on the site of Essex. He afterward 
removed to Van Wert County and died there. His brothers, David and Ben- 
jamin, were also early settlers of Jackson. Hiram Keeler, a Vermonter, set- 
tled just east of Essex. He lost his property by some means, and afterward 
purchased another home deeper in the wilderness. He is remembered as a 
veiy eccentric character. George Kightlinger and his brother Abraham in 
1840, or shortly before, removed from Morrow County and settled near Essex. 
Afterward they went to iVIarion County. Peter Hinkle made the first im- 
provement in the southeast part of the township on the road leading east from 



494 ' HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

the Richwood pike. He afterward removed to Mahaska Cvounty, Iowa. Ab- 
salom Forbes came an unmarried man from Marion County; here married Sarah 
Bhie, settled in the southern part of the township and a few years later emi- 
grated to Logan County, 111. Henry and Ira Bennett, from Licking County, 
settled in the southern part of the township. Henry died here and Ira re- 
moved to Paulding County. 

INDIANS. 

The Indians lingered among their hunting grounds in this vicinity until 
1833. Traces of their former occupancy have been revealed in several burial 
grounds. On the farm of Jason Chapman, in a gravel bed situated between 
the road and the creek, six skeletons were dug up in 1834, and other evidences 
were discovered of an Indian camping place. On the farm settled by Joseph 
Cameron, now owned by W. F. Cheney, was a large mound which had served as an 
Indian gi-aveyard. The mound or knoll was composed of sand and gravel, 
and on the north, east and south rose rather abruptly, while on the west it 
sloped gradually to the loamy soil below. It covered perhaps two acres. 
When the gravel and sand was removed for roads and building purposes, a 
number of skeletons were exhumed. Arrows, beads and other trinkets were 
also discovered. 

The Indians w^ho inhabited this region were the Wyandots. They were 
expert bee-hunters. Ebenezer Cheney, while on a bee-hunting expedition, 
once found a large bee tree. The hive, however, was in an upper limb and 
inaccessible to him without chopping down the tree, which was the usual 
course adopted by white hunters. While debating in mind whether it would 
pay to fell the mammoth oak, an Indian hunter appi'oached and obligingly 
offered to prociu-e the honey for him. The offer was gladly accepted. The 
brave drew his tomahawk and felled a small sapling, so that its top fell 
against the lower branches of the bee tree. He ascended on this to the lower 
branch of the oak and then proceeded to cut and trim a limb with a hook at 
one end. He caught the hook in a limb overhead and climbed up to it hand 
over hand. Throwing away the hooked limb he cut off the branch contain- 
ing the honey. Then balancing himself, he leaped down to the lower limb 
and descended to the ground by the same means he had employed in ascend- 
ing. 

On another occasion an Indian appeared at the cabin of Ebenezer Cheney 
and desired to obtain a gun lock, to replace his own which was lost. He ex- 
changed a cotton shawl for one, and when he had finished hunting, returned 
to the cabin and wanted to " trade back." Only a daughter of Mr. Cheney 
was then present, and to the demand of the red man she exclaimed "no swap. " 
"Swap any how," said the hunter, and taking the shawl from the wall he drew 
down the gun-lock and strode out of the door. Miss Cheney, displeased with 
this procedure, set the dogs at the retreating Indian, but the boys working 
in the field and not knowing the cause of the disturbance, called them off. 

IMany of the Indians became Christianized. After the race had about 
disappeared from the township, an Indian minister, named Manonku, camped 
out in the woods, and while here attended a Methodist meeting, then in prog- 
ress, and at his own invitation participated in the religious exercises. 

When grain was first produced here, the only market for it was at Lake 
Erie. The only highways were mud roads. Wheat ranged in value from per- 
haps 60 to 75 cents per bushel, and the farmers usually teamed it to Port- 
land, taking from thirty to forty bushels at a load, and consuming an entire 
week in making the trip. 

David Price was the first shoe-maker in the township; Albert E. AVhite 
the second. The first blacksmith was Jesse Bell. The first marriage was 



JACKSON TOWNSHIP. 495 

that of Tabor Randall to Elizabeth Cheney, January 1, 1832. The first child 
born in the township is said to have been Harvey Cameron, March 8, 1830. 
The first ground prepared for seed was dug by John Cheney with a mattock 
and sown in beets. Daniel A White brought the first tile into the township. 



Though Jackson was one of the last townships to be settled, milling facilities 
were no better for its pioneers when they came than they had been in earlier set- 
tled districts. It was not unusual for the first few families to unite and send 
a four-horse wagon filled with grain to mill near Mechanicsburg, thirty miles 
distant. After a few years, however, mills were built nearer home, and for 
awhile a mill on the Scioto at Millville, sixteen miles away, was patronized by 
this community. 

Within the limits of Jackson there have been no mills of note. It has, 
however, had several "corn-crackers" that were employed only in preparing 
coarse meal, and only then when the streams ran high. William Britt, about 
1840, built a small grist and saw mill on Rush Creek, about a mile below Es 
sex, and operated it for a few years. Several years later, Warner Bridge con- 
structed a saw mill about two miles west of Essex, and soon after attached a 
small pair of buhrs, which, during high waters, were able to reduce grain to a 
coarse meal. 

A stationary steam saw mill was built at Essex by John^ B. Stout. 
Sprague & Hayes purchased it and added a grist mill. It is still in opera- 
tion. For a short time, a distillery was operated in connection with it. 

Jacob Collins, about 1838, operated a small horse mill about three miles 
west of Essex. It ground only corn. 

William Callahan, in Essex, owned and operated a saw and grist mill for 
some time, probably twelve years ago. 

EDUCATIONAL. 

Elizabeth Cheney taught the first school, in 1830 or 1831. It was a sum- 
mer school of three months' duration, and contained twelve or fifteen pupils. 
It was held in a log cabin, which stood on David Allen's farm. Tabor taught 
the next school, in the same house. He began the term in August, 1831. 
The pupils were David and Elizabeth Allen, Worret, Joseph and Ebenezer 
Carter, Frank and William Cheney, Simpson, Levina and Levi Price and a 
few others. At that time schools were not held in every settlement, and the 
pioneers sometimes sent their children to schools five or six miles distant. This 
schoolhouse was about fifteen by eighteen feet in size, built of logs, with clap- 
board roof, and the customary paper windows. Reading, writing and arith- 
metic were the branches taught; the text-books were Webster's Elementary 
Spelling Book and Pike's and Smiley' s Arithmetics. Mr. Randal next taught 
on the Francis Baldwin place, and elsewhere a little later. Thomas Cheney 
was the next teacher. His school was held in a new school building, some- 
what larger than the old, and provided with better accommodations. In the 
old log schoolhouse, just north of Essex, Keziah Jane Randal and Caleb 
Roberts were early teachers. There are now ten school districts in the town- 
ship. 

CHUECHE9. 

The pioneer religious society within the bounds of Jackson was a small 
Methodist Episcopal class, organized about 1830 at the cabin of Ebenezer 
Cheney. Prior to this date, two exhorters, Mr. McCorkle, an Irishman, and 
John Millise, a German, from near Mechanicsburg, held meetings here. 



496 HISTORY OF UNION COUxNTY. 

which, though unattended by any conversions, left a good impression in the 
community. The class organized with Thomas Cheney as leader. It included 
the names of Ebenezer Cheney, Thomas Cheney and wife, Benjamin Carter 
and wife, Mary and David Carr, Jacob Reed and Joseph Cameron and wife. 
Some of these had been members of other Methodist congregations before 
their emigration to Jackson. Others joined it, without any religious experi- 
ence, from a desire to see the community, which they were forming, a Chris- 
tian one. Within a short time after the organization, regular services were 
held, once in two weeks, at Ebenezer Cheney's house, and afterward at the 
cabins of David Carr and others. Schoolhouses were then brought into 
requisition. The present church, situated on the Hamilton pike, about two 
miles southwest from Essex, is located on land donated to the chiirch by 
Jonathan W. Hedges. It cost about $1,040. Lorenzo Cheney, John W. 
Hedges and Daniel Herron were the heaviest contributors to its erection. 
Rev. Andrew J. Frisbie was pastor in charge at the time. It was dedicated 
by Rev. Samuel Roberts, then of Lima, Ohio. Rev. John Graham is the pres- 
ent pastor. The membership exceeds one hundred. A Sunday school was 
held in the schoolhouse before the church was built, and has been regularly 
maintained during the summers ever since. It has a membership of about 
sixty. 

The Essex Methodist Protestant Church was organized in 1840, by Rev. 
John Hunt, at the house of John Cheney. It started with only six members 
—-John Cheney and Sarah, his wife, Thomas Chapman and Hannah, his wife 
and David S. Allen and his wife Elizabeth. Services were continued at the 
residence of Mr. Cheney for a few years, and were then transferred to the 
Essex Schoolhouse. A log meeting house was built in 1846, on a lot situated 
just east of the present Essex Schoolhouse. It was donated to the church by 
Thomas Chapman. The church here erected was a large hewed- log buildings 
and the material was furnished, and the greater part of the labor performed, 
by the members. Thomas Chapman received, for finishing it, the sum of $00, 
which included the hardware bill. The congregation continued to worship 
in this church until 1809, when the present frame church was built. Its cost 
was about $1,400; the cost of the lot upon which it is erected, $100; and the 
cost of the bell, $125. It was dedicated in May, 1870, by Rev. J. H. Hamil- 
ton, of Tuscarawas County. The members who contributed most liberally to 
the new church were J. A. White, John Chapman, Rev. T. B. Cheney, D. A. 
White, D. R. White, Jason Chapman, George Temple, Jonathan Cheney, R. 
R. Randall and H. Roberts. 

The following list of pastors in charge of this church was prepared by 
two of the old and leading members, and is, perhaps, as free from errors as 
any list that can now be obtained: John Hunt, 1840-41; J. I. Devore and 
John Inskeep, 1841-42; J. I. Devore and O. P. Stephens, 1842-43; Revs. 
Edwards and O. P. Stephens, 1843-44, James Webster, 1844-45; Isaac Ens- 
minger, 1845-46; J. B. Peat, 1846-47; T. D. Howe, 1847-48; O. P. Stephens 
and J. M. Flood, 1848-49; J. M. Flood, 1849-51; O. P. Stephens, 1851-53; 
J. W. Giddings, 1853-54; W. B. Warrington, 1854-55; E. J. Winans and J. 
Kain, 1855-50; R. Hussey and T. T. Kendrick, 1856-58; O. P. Stephens and 
A. M. Ravenscraft, 1858-59; I. N. McVay and O. P. Stephens, 1859-01; 
W. B.Evans and George Brown, Jr., 1801-62; W. B. Evans, 1862-03; R. Hus- 
sey, 1803-04; Daniel Kinney, 1804-05; R. Hussey, 1805-00: Revs. McDon- 
nell and Stephens, 1806-57; J. M. Adams, 1867-69; J. W. Case, 1869-70: J. 
W. Shultz. 1870-73; A. M. Hall, 1873-74; A. M. Ravenscraft, 1874-75; W. 
S. Sansom, 1875-76; T. H. Wilson, 1876-77; T. B. Graham, 1877-79; J. 
W. Spring, 1879-81; C. Cadwallader, 1881-82. William Hamilton, of 



JACKSON TOWNSHIP. 497 

(ylaibourne Township, was a local preacher of considerable note in early times. 
The church belonged to the Richwood Circuit till 1870, when it and the Davis 
church were united and denominated Rush Creek Circuit. In 1877, Rev. I. 
N. McVay conducted a revival, under the influence of which more than one 
hundred accessions were made to the church. The present membership' is 
about one hundred. 

A Sunday school was organized about 1842, by John Cheney and Margaret 
Chapman, in the Essex Schoolhouse. It was the first Sunday school ever held 
in the village, and for many years was under the control of no one denomi- 
nation, but was purely " union " in its character. It has been maintained every 
summer since. Mr. Cheney remained in charge till 18'49, when M. M. Camp 
became Superintendent. Under his guidance, the school was very successful 
and pi-osperous. Within a few years it has been under the management of the 
Methodist Protestant Chui'ch. 

Union Regular Baptist Church, located in the western part of Jackson 
Township, was organized a few years preceding the war of the rebellion, by 
Rev. Jacob Dye, with a membership of eleven. The earliest meetings were 
conducted in an old log schoolhouse, situated in Washington Township, for 
ten or twelve years, and then in the frame schoolhouse, which succeeded the 
log house, in the same district. About 1870, the church buildinof now in use 
was erected on a lot donated to the society by Joseph Temple. The cost of 
the edifice was about $1,000. The congregation has flourished and maintained 
a large and actve membership. A few years ago, a branch or arm was formed 
at Bell's Schoolhouse, north of Essex. A subscription paper was circulated, 
and a large fund secured for the erection of a house of worship in that vicin- 
ity, but there are no present prospects that this will be done soon, and it now 
seems probable that all the members of the branch will return to the parent 
church, as many of them have already done. Rev. David Thomas is the pres- 
ent pastor. A Sunday school is one of the leading features of Christian work 
in this society. It is held only during the summer. 

The Rush Creek Christian, or Disciple, Chui'ch was organized June 18, 1865, 
by Rev. Michael Riddle. The first members were John Stanard, Joseph 
Cameron, Sarah Cameron, William Allen, William Sprague, W. D. Cameron, 
Ann G. Sprague, Mary Burnett, Temperance Osborne, Catharine Chambers, 
Jane Blue, Mary Bailey, Susan and George W. McLain, Shannon Bailey, 
Abraham McLain, James Stanard, John Bazard, Eliza and Elizabeth Price, 
Anthem Bailey, Benjamin Temple, Sarah Smith, Elenora L. Cheney, Sarah A. 
Allen, Lucretia Price, Jane Stanard, M. M. Stanard and Phoebe Merrit. 
John Stanard and William H. Allen were elected the first Elders; G. W. 
McLain first Deacon; and W. D. Cameron and Shannon Bailey, Assistant 
Deacons. Subsequent Elders have been William D. Cameron, G. W. Merrit, 
J. M. Blue, T. W. Bridge and Joseph Price; Deacons, Thomas L. Poulk,. 
Emery P. Bridges, John M. Blue, John Moore and Frank Cameron. The 
meetings were held in a schoolhouse until 1875. A frame church was then 
erected. It is 38x45 in size, and cost about $2,200. It contains a gallery and 
a reception room, is surmounted by a belfry and bell, and is finely furnished. 
Taken all in all, it ranks among the finest country churches. The building 
was dedicated by Rev. W^illiam Dowling, then of Kenton, Ohio. Rev. Dana 
Call was the pastor in charge during its erection. Other recent ministers are 
Revs. John Stanard, G. W. Kline and R. T. Davies. At present the society 
has no ; regular minister. The membership includes 108 souls. A Sunday 
school is in operation during pleasant weather. 

A noted revival occurred in 1856, which is usually referred to as the 
"Wiley Schoolhouse Meeting." It began with a little Methodist prayer meet- 



498 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

ing, conducted in Wiley's Schoolhouse, Claibourne Township. The meetings 
increased in interest, under the preaching of Rev. William Boggs, and were 
transferred to the Swartz Schoolhouse, in this township, where the Methodist 
Episcopal society then held services. Again the place of meeting was 
changed; this time to Essex, where, night after night, for weeks, the meeting 
house was filled to overflowing, and between one and two hundred conversions 
professed. Among the number were five young men, who afterward became 
ministers of the Gospel, viz., Hamilton J. Bigley, Ebenezer Cheney, Thomas 
B. Cheney, Thomas J. Mather and David Wynegar, the latter of Claibourne 
Township. At Essex, the meetings were conducted jointly by the Methodist 
Episcopal and the Methodist Protestant societies, and large accessions were 
made to both churches. 

The first biu-ial-place was on the farm of Ebenezer Cheney. In 1828, 
only three families resided in the township, and that year each family lost a 
member. The first death was tbat of little Johnnie Carter, the son of Benja- 
min Carter. Mary Allen and Elizabeth Cheney were the other two victims of 
the fell destroyer. All three were buried on the farm of Ebenezer Cheney. 
This graveyard is still small, but has been used, to some extent, ever since it 
was first dedicated to this sacred purpose. Price's Cemetery, about a mile 
north of Essex, is the largest, and the one most generally used. It is finely 
located on rolling ground. There are, besides these, several private burying- 
grounds within the limits of the township. 

ESSEX. 

The village of Essex was surveyed September 2, 1836, by William C. 
Lawrence, Deputy Smweyor, for John Cheney, the proprietor. The lots were 
forty in number. The streets running east and west were named Water and 
Essex; those running north and south. Mulberry and Marion. At the time 
the village was platted, it was hoped by those interested in its welfare that a 
new county would be formed, and Essex made the seat of justice. Some efforts 
were put forth for the accomplishment of ihis enterprise, and the expecta- 
tion of success was given circulation, but had little effect in building uj) the 
village. For a year or two no houses were erected. Dr. David Welch is said 
to have built the first cabin, about 1838. The name of the village was selected 
by the surveyor, at the request of the proprietor. Tabor Randall was the first 
Postmaster, the office taking the name of Rush Creek. M. M. Camp suc- 
ceeded him in the office. Subsequent Postmasters have been Sidney Hogden, 
John A. Peasley, Richard Davis, S. E. Williams and Richai'd Davis again, 
the present incumbent. The first store consisted of a few goods sent to the 
place by L. H. Hastings, then a merchant of Richwood. It was placed under 
the management of Thomas Cheney, and continued eighteen months. James 
Stout was the next merchant; Jacob Reed followed; then William Wurl, 
Camp & Search and others. For a time, two stores of general merchandise 
were in operation; at present there is but one, conducted by Richard Davis. 
There is also a grocery, owned by Cheney & Hoffman, the flour and saw mill 
of W. A. Hall & Son, a blacksmith shop, a repair shop and a shoe shop. The 
population consists of sixteen families; formerly there was a larger nitmber. 
Early mechanics in the village were Jacob Honaker, a gunsmith and black 
smith, and Absalom Carr, a wagon-maker. Lewis Hack, the son in-law of Dr. 
Welch, was engaged for some time in making potash. 

Dr. David Welch was well advanced in life when he settled at Essex. 
After a practice of perhaps fifteen years, he retired. Dr. S. E. Williams, 
hailing from Licking County, located in the village in 1848, and has been in 
continuous practice since. Drs. Virgil Anderson and J. C. Corruthers each 





i-z-f-'-s^-^-" 




JACKSON TOWNSHIP. 501 

had an office for a short time. Dr. P. W. Lee practiced for about two years 
during the war. Dr. G. J. Skidmore, in 1882, terminated a practice of seven 
or eight years in Essex, by removing to Pharisburg. Several other physi- 
cians have transiently stopped at the village in quest of a good location, but 
their stay was usually of brief duration. Dr. Williams is now the only resi- 
dent practitioner in the township. 

Dennis Welch taught one of the first schools in the village. For a num- 
ber of years, the youth of Essex received their instruction in the districts to 
the east and west of the village. A schoolhouse was then built. Tabor Ran- 
dall, Margaret Chapman, Peter Smith, Jesse A. White and Caleb Roberts 
were early teachers. 

Rush Creek Lodge, No. 629, I. O. O. F. , was instituted at Essex June 
20, 1876, with sixteen members, viz. : E. L. Randall, S. H. Grant, G. S. 
Robertson, M. M. Mather, D. D. Mather, J. D. Mather, Levin Price, Levi 
Roseberry, Asbury Cheney, E. D. Horton, Richard Davis, Philip Bender, 
Simpson Price, C. W. Burgoon, John Price and John Vestal. The first 
officers were M. M. Mather. N. G. ; E. L. Randall, V. G. ; Levi Roseberry, 
Sec. ; R. Davis, Per. Sec. ; P. Bender, Treasurer. The hall in which the lodge 
conducts its meetings was built during the autumn of 1875, by a joint-stock 
company, in anticipation of the organization of the lodge. It cost about $500. 
The shares were purchased, from time to time, by the Jodge until it acquired 
the sole ownership of the hall. Meetings are held every Saturday night. 
The present membership is fifty-two; the present officers are J. D. White, N. 
G. ; D. D. Mather, V. G.; Jonathan Cheney, Sec; C. W. Burgoon, Per. Sec; 
E. D. Horton, Treasurer. 

Rush Creek Grange, No. 710, Patrons of Husbandry, was organized at 
Essex in the spring of 1874. It continued in active operation only a few 
years. 

Woodland is a post office and a station, in the northeastern corner of the 
township, on the New York, Pennsylvania & Ohio Railroad. It contains a 
large planing mill, operated by Henry Hazen, and a store, started about 1866, 
and still owned by Ed Hazen. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

MRS. ANTHEM BAILEY, P. 0. Richwood. The subject of this sketch was born January 
27, 1842, in Morrow County, Ohio. Her parents were Nathan and Eleanor Chirk, natives of 
the Empire Slate. On November 1, 1860, in Delaware County, Ohio, she married David Har- 
den, with whom she came to Jackson Township, this county. He was a son of Isaac and Lydia 
Harden, and by her there was an issue of four children — Josephine, Clara J., Charles E. and 
William N. He died in August, 1867, and September 2, 1869, she was united in marriage with 
Manoah Blue, son of Michael and Ellen Blue, early settlers of this county. To them were born 
four children, of whom two are now living, viz.: Cora E. and Elva A. He departed this life 
in March, 1881, and in November, 1881, she was again married, this time to Mr. Anthem 
Bailey, who was born in this county in March, 1845. His parents were Edward and Mary 
Bailey, who also were among the early settlers of Union County. Our subject is a lady of 
rare intelligence and of a social, conversational disposition. She is esteemed by all, and is the 
owner of 100 acres of valuable land. 

JOHN B. BENEDICT (deceased) was born in October, 1820, in Herkimer County, N. 
Y. His parents were Jeremiah and Elizabeth Benedict, with whom, when a child, he came 
to Champaign County, Ohio, where they remained till their decease. On March 4, 1843, in 
Union County, he married Miss Julia A. Chapman, who was born in Harrison County, Va., 
February 22, 1822. She was a daughter of Jason and Sarah Chapman. By this union there 
has been an issue of four children — Sarah M., William H., Mary E. and Arthur F. About the 
year 1846, he settled in Jackson Township, where his widow now resides. Having settled 
in the woods like all early settlers, he endured many hardships and self-denials. In September 
1861, he enlisted in the Thirty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry and subsequently saw considerable 
active service. He died in March, 1862, at Lebanon, Ky., having succumbed to the dreaded 
typhoid fever. He was a member of the Methodist Protestant Church, and his widow is also a 
member of the same denomination. In his death, Jackson Township lost an upi'ight man and 

27 



502 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY^ 

worthy citizen. Mrs. Benedict, who is now more than sixty years of age, is a lady of intelli- 
gence, and is very active for one of her age. 

COLUMBUS W. BURGOON, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek, was born November 15, 1837, in Knox 
County, in this State. He is a son of Upton W. and Mary (Lash) Burgoon, his father a native 
of Germany and his mother of North Carolina. In 1854, with his parents, he came to 
Claibourne Township, this county ; he received a liberal English education, and for several years 
taught school. On July 27, 1862, he was united in marriage with Miss Sarah M. Benedict, who 
was born March 6, 1846 ; she is a daughter of .John B. Benedict (deceased) and Julia A. Ben- 
edict, of whom we have made mention in this work. To them have been born three children — 
Wilson S., born June 5, 1868 ; Annie E., born November 4, 1870, and Clara E. (deceased). In 
April, 1861, he enlisted in the Seventh Illinois Volunteer Infantry, being a resident of Illinois 
at that time. His regiment operated principally in Missouri and Kentucky, and he continued in 
the service until the following September. He has served as Trustee of Jackson Township, and 
at present officiates as Justice of the Peace. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. and F. & A. M. 
fraternities. 

JOSEPH CAMERON (deceased). Among the pioneers of Union County there are none 
whose memory is more worthy of perpetuation in the history of our county than the subject of 
this sketch. He was born in Pennsylvania January 3, 1807, and was a son of John andDorotha 
Cameron. His father and two brothers were soldiers in the Revolutionary war. On March 26, 1829, 
he was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Reed, who was born April, 1809, in Virginia. She 
was a daughter of Jesse Reed, a soldier of the war of 1812, and Christiana Reed. When nine- 
teen years of age, accompanied with her two brothers, Jacob acd William Reed, she rode on 
horseback a distance of 250 miles, from Virginia to Champaign County, Ohio, where, in the fol- 
lowing spring, she wedded our subject. By this union there has been an issue of thirteen children, 
seven of whom are now living, viz., Erastus R., Eliza 0., Elvira M., William D., Jesse L., Frank 
M. and Carrie ; Harvey A. (deceased), one of their sons, was a soldier in the late war of the 
rebellion, and the first white child born in Jackson Township. In 1830, they came to Union 
County and located in the southern portion of Jackson Township, until 1852,. when they settled 
where the widow now resides. Our subject had seen much of pioneer life, and endured many 
hardships and trials. It is said that the first public prayer in Jackson Township was offered in 
his cabin home in the southern portion of the township. He was deeply imbued with the spirit 
of uprightness and Christianity, having been a zealous member of the Christian Church, wiih 
which denomination he also officiated as local preacher. After devoting a life of usefulness to 
both church and State he quietly and peacefully, on June 20, 1872, passed away. By his death, 
his ftxraily lost a faithful husband and father, and Union County one of her best citizens. He 
left to his widow, now in her seventy-fourth year, eighty-seven acres of land. 

JAMES CHAMBERS, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Fairfield County, Ohio, Au- 
gust 29, 1828. His parents were John and Elizabeth Chambers, natives of Ireland, who emi- 
grated to America about the year 1801, and for a short period located in Pennsylvania. They 
subsequently came to Fairfield County, Ohio, where they settled and remained until their de- 
cease. Of their family of five children, four are now living, viz.: James, Alexander, John and 
William. On November 80, 1852, in Hocking County — formerly Fairfield County — he was 
united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Brown. She was a daughter of John and Mary A. 
Brown, of Hocking County. To them were born fourteen children, twelve of whom are now 
living, viz.: George A., Emma A., Mary L., Viola C , Ida E., Inez L., Myrta E., John W., Ed- 
ward F., Edwin F., Oliver L. and Edith A. In 1859, with his family, Mr. Chambers came 
from Hocking to Union County and located in Claibourne Township until the spring of 1869, at 
which time he came to Jackson Township and settled where he now resides. He is the owner 
of 100 acres of tillable land, and an ardent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

JOHN (^'HAPMAN, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek, was born November 5, 1816, in Harrison 
County, Va. His parents were .Jason and Sarah Chapman, and with them, when twelve years of 
age, he came to Champaign County, Ohio, where they located a few years. In 1834, they came 
to Union County and settled in Jackson Township. Two sons and two daughters, viz., John, 
Mary, Julia A. and Jason N., are all that remain of his father's femily often children. In 
November, 1836, he was united in marriage with Elizabeth Dysert, daughter of John and Mary 
Dysert. By this union there has been an issue of ten children — Joseph H., Jason D., John W., 
Mary A., Thomas, Francis M., Lorenzo C, Sanford F., Sarah E. and Amanda (deceased). 
Having lived a quarter of a century, with his faithful consort, and enjoyed the comforts of wed- 
ded life, in December, 1861, she peacefully passed away. In March, 1863, he married Rebecca 
Wade, daughter of Garland AVade, and with her he lived until June, 1882, when she, too, depart- 
ed this life. He has served as Trustee of Jackson Township, is a member of the Methodist 
Protestant Church and of the F. & A. M. society, and the owner of 230 acres of land in a fine 
state of cultivation. 

JOHN W. CHAPMAN, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek. The subject of this sketch was born 
October 29, 1842, in Jackson Township, Union County, this State. He is a son of John and 
Elizabeth (deceased) Chapman, of whom we have made mention in this work. From his youth 
up, he has devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits. In September, 1862, he enlisted in 
the One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and subsequently was engaged in 



JACKSON TOWNSHIP, 503 

the battles of Perryville, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Goldsboro, Kenesaw Mountain and many 
other minor engagements and skirmishes. He continued in the fervice until June, 1865, when 
he was honorably discharged. In March, 1869, he was united in marriage to Miss Amanda 
Munson, daughter of Theodore and Hester Munson, of Claibourne Township, this county. By 
her he had one child — John T. She departed this life in October, 1878, and in September, 
1880, he was married to Miss Maggie Berry, daughter of Jacob and Hannah Berry. This 
union has been blessed with one child — Sumner G. Mr. Chapman is a member of the Methodist 
Protestant Church and of the F. & A. M. society. He is the owner of ninety-eight acres of land 
in a good state of cultivation, and resides in the northern portion of Jackson Township. 

JASON N. CHAPMAN, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, son of Jason and Sarah Chapman, was 
born April 10, 1842, in Union County, this State. In his youth he received a fair English edu- 
cation, and for perhaps one year taught a district school. In August, 1862, he enlisted in the 
One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was attached to the Army of the 
Cumberland. He participated in numerous battles and engagements, some of the principal 
ones of which were Perryville, Franklin and Shelby ville, was in Sherman's grand march to the 
sea, and at the siege of Savannah, and the surrender of the confederate Gen. Joe Johnston's 
army. He was honorably dischai'ged in June, 1865. In 1866, he married Miss Mary 0. 
Hodgden, a lady of rare intelligence, born October 14, 1849, in Delaware County. She is a 
daughter of Charles Hodgden (deceased) and Annie Hodgden. To them have been born four 
children — Annie F., born April 4, 1867 ; Minnie E., born July 31, 1869 ; Earl, born October 15, 
1876 ; and Clyde (deceased). Mr. and Mrs. Chapman are both members of the Methodist 
Protestant Church, and honored members of the society. He is also a menber of the F. & A. M. 
society, and the owner of 100 acres of land. 

LORENZO CHENEY, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek. Thomas Cheney (deceased), a pioneer and 
the father of the subject of this sketch, was born May 3, 1804, in Virginia. His parents were 
Ebenezer and Elizabeth Cheney. When four years of age, with them he came to Champaign 
County, Ohio, where they located until about 1826, when they came to Union County. In 
March, 1829, he married Martha Carr, who was born May 16, 1813, in Pennsylvania. She was 
a daughter of Absalom and Dorcas Carr, with whom, when four years of age, she came to Cham- 
paign County, this State. To them were born fourteen children, of whom seven are now living, 
viz.: Lorenzo, Absalom, Asbury, Dorcas, Mary J., Emily E. and Christiana. In 1829, he set- 
tled near where our subject now resides. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, 
and departed this life in March, 1865. Our subject was born September 27, 1831, in Jackson 
Township, this county. He was reared amid the scenes of pioneer life, and received a commoa 
school education. On February 27, 1859, he was united in marriage with Miss AnnaM. White, 
an estimable lady, born October 9, 1837, and daughter of Albert R. amd Amy (deceased). 
White. This union has been blessed with eight children, viz.: Charles S., Eva, Elva, Martha, 
Alona, Wesley G., Sylvester S., and Rush. Mr. Cheney is at present serving his fourth year as 
Treasurer of Jackson Township. In October, 1872, he was elected a County Commissioner and 
entered into the duties of this office on the first day of January following, and served three 
years. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is the owner of 
671 acres of land, and a member of the I. 0. 0. F. society. He is recognized as one of the lead- 
ing, substantial agriculturists of Union County. 

GEORGE W. COWGILL (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born in Ross County, 
this State, July 14, 1811. His parents were Alexander and Mary Cowgill. When about fifteen' 
years of age with his father, he came to Union County, and settled in Leesburg Township, near 
what is now known as Magnetic Springs. In 1835, he was united in marriage with Miss Susan 
Smart, by whom he had five children, three now living, viz.: Isaac, Sarah and Martha. Short- 
ly after, he purchased a farm of 2C0 acres, on Fulton Creek, in Claibourne Township, on whichi 
farm he resided until 1876, in which year he moved to Jackson Township, where his family now 
resides. Just when life was becoming pleasant, he was called upon to part with the companion 
of his youth, leaving him with several small children. In March, 1849, he was again married, 
to Mrs. Elizabeih Robinson, widow of the late J. Robinson of Logan County. By her he had 
four children, of whom three are now living, viz.: Marian, Reuben and George W. Mr. Cow- 
gill was taken sick in church on Monday evening .January 10, 1881 — he was stricken down, 
as it were, almost in a moment, and was carried home only to die on the following day, Janu- 
ary 11, 1881. All was done for him that loving hearts and friends could do, but he lingered 
only about twenty-three hours, when his spirit took its flight. He had been a zealous member 
of the Christian Church for thirty years, and from the time of uniting with the church, until 
the day of his death, he lived a consistent Christian life. He had been a member of the Mason- 
ic fraternity at Richwood, for many years. During his last hours his brother masons afforded 
him all the aid in their power, nnd when life had fled they interred his remains in accordance 
with the usages of the order. The funeral sermon was preached by the Rev. Williams of New- 
ton, this county, to a large and sympathetic audience, after which his remains were interred in 
the Bethlehem cemetery. He was a loving father; a good and obliging neighbor, and respected 
by all who knew him. Thus passed away one of Union County's early pioneers. His bereaved 
widow resides at the home of one of her sons in Jackson Township. George W. one of the sons 



504 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

of our subject was born in September, 1854, in this county. In April, 1881, he married Miss 
Inez Harraman, daughter of Lafayette and Martha Harraman of Marion County. They have 
one child Ira E. Reuben Cowgill, brother of the above, was born in Union County, April 18, 
1852. He was reared to man's estate on a farm. In July, 1875, he married .Josephine Ilurd, 
daughter of William Hurd (deceased) and .Jane Ilurd, now Mrs. Abraham Linsley of Summers- 
ville, this county. They have one child — George VV. He owns fifty-six acres of land well culti- 
vated. 

liEONARD DAUM, farmer, P. 0. Richwood. The subject of this sketch was born in Ger- 
many, in March, 1838. He is a son of Simeon and Catherine Daum. When eighteen years 
of age, he emigrated to America, and by way of New York came to Ohio. In his youth he 
learned the trade of shoe-making, which he followed several years. In May, 1858, at Marys- 
ville, this county, he married Catherine Hachendorfer, by whom he had six children, five 
now living, viz.: Mary M., Barbara' M., Peter G., John S. and Elizabeth. In 1872, with his 
family he settled in Jackson Township, where he now resides. He is a member of the German 
Lutheran Church, and the owner of 224 acres of land. 

RICHARD DAVIS, merchant, P.O. Rush Creek. Richard Davis the leading merchant of Es- 
sex, this county, was born May 10, 1828, in Delaware County, Ohio. His parents were John R. 
and Margaret Davis. In his youth he received a fair English education and for about four 
terms taught school. On June 1, 1851, he married in Union County, Miss Euphronius R. 
Swarts, daughter of William and Nancy Swarts. For several years prior to entering the mer- 
cantile business, he was engaged in agricultural pursuits. He deals in general merchandise 
and dry goods, and since 1870, has served as Postmaster. Mr. Davis has established a good 
patronage, being courteous and obliging to his customers. Mr. and Mrs. Davis were the parents 
of eleven children, of whom six are now living, viz.: Arthela A., Ethalynda 0., Edith E., Rua 
v., Ora I. and Richard M. They are both active and useful members of society. Mr. Davis is 
a member of the I O. 0. F. lodge, and of the M. P. Church. He has served as Trustee, Clerk 
and Treasurer of Jackson Township. 

JOSEPH B. DECKER, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek, was born March 16, 1852, in Marion 
County, this State. He is a son of John and Elizabeth Decker, of Marion County. His parents 
have eight children — Elizabeth 0., Lucinda J., Joseph B., James F., AVilliara A., John A., Mary 
0. and Amanda E. His father has served as Trustee and Justice of the Peace in Pleasant Town- 
ship, Marion County, and is of high standing in the community where he resides. Our subject, 
in his youth, received a common school education. On December 10, 1873, he was united in mar- 
riage to Miss Mary M. Brown, who was born March 24, 1853, in Marion County. Her parents 
were James M. and Sarah Brown. This union has been blessed with one child, viz.: Emmet 
G., born October 18, 1874. In the spring of 1879, Mr. Decker came from Marion County to 
Jackson Township, this county. He is the owner of 100 acres of land in a good state of cul- 
tivation. 

JOHN R. DIXON, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek, was born August 12, 1827, in Virginia. His 
parents were John and Frances Dixon, with whom, in the spring of 1839, he came from Ross 
County, Ohio, to Union County, and settled in Jackson Township, where they remained until 
their decease. Of a family of twelve children, six are now living — Lucy A., Elizabeth, Frances, 
Martha J., Nancy A. and .John R. In October, 1854, our subject was united in marriage with 
Miss Sabria V. White, who was born in October, 1829, in New York State. When three years 
of age, with her parents, Paul and Mary White, she came to Portage County, Ohio, and subse- 
quently to Marion County. This union has been blessed with nine children, six of whom are 
now living, viz.: .James F., Lucy F., Susan A., Philip T. M., Olive .J. and Nancy E. Mr. Dixon 
has seen much of pioneer life, having settled, comparatively speaking, in the woods. For twelve 
years he has served as Assessor of Jackson Township, and, in 1880, was appointed Enumerator 
of the Census in his township. He is the owner of fifty acres of land in a good state of cul- 
tivation. 

JAMES M. DUTTON, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek. The subject of this sketch was born 
November 26, 1837, in Marion County, Ohio. His parents were David and Sarah A. Dutton, 
natives of Delaware, who came to Marion County at quite an early day. Our subject, in 
his youth, was trained to tne pursuits of farming, and received the rudiments of an English 
education in a district school. He was married, in Marion County, Ohio, to Miss Helen Keeler, 
who was born January 20, 1835. She was a daughter of Hiram and Velina Keeler, both de- 
ceased, of Jackson Township. This union has been blessed with three children, viz.: William 
R., born June 18, 1801; Ada M., born November 20, 1862, and Sarah B., born September 9, 
1864. In the spring of 1876, from Marion County, with his family, he came to Jackson Town- 
ship, this county. He is the owner of forty-one acres of tillable land, in the northern portion 
of the township. 

JAMES L. FISH, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born November 6, 1847, in Mill Creek 
Township, Union County, Ohio. His parents are Cornelius E. and Elizabeth R. Fish. He was 
reared to manhood on a farm and received the rudiments of an English education in a dis- 
trict school. On November 16, 1872, he was united in marriage with Miss Susan McElroy, who 
was born April 3, 1845, in Ireland. She is a daughter of William McElroy (deceased) and 



JACKSON TOWNSHIP. 505 

Elizabeth McElroy. When a child, with her parents she came to America, and by way of New 
York came to Union County, this State. Their union has been blessed with three children — Wash- 
tella, born November 6, 1873; Carrie E., born January 10, 1876; and Chauncey C, born 
March 25, 1881, Mr. Fish is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and of the 
I. 0. 0. F. lodge, and the owner of 100 acres of land. He resides in the southern portion of 
Jackson Township. 

WILLI AxM A. GODFREY, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek, was born February 27, 1844, in Ross County, 
Ohio. His parents were Isaac Godfrey, a native of Maryland, and Elizabeth Godfrey. In 1854, 
with his father, his mother having died, and other members of the family, he came to 
Jackson Township, this county. Of a family of nine children, lour are yet living, viz.: Nancy, 
Mahala, Annie and our subject, who is the youngest child. On May 3, 1873, he was united in 
marriage to Miss Melissa Austin, daughter of Mark and Cynthia Austin. By this union there 
has been an issue of three children, two of whom are now living — Chauncy, born September 
18, 1875; Nellie, born August 12, 1877; and Eugene (deceased). In August, 1864, he en- 
listed in the One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and subsequently par- 
ticipated in the battle of the Cedars, Kingston, N. C, and the burning and evacuation of Deca- 
tur, Ala. He was honorably discharged in June, 1865. Mr. Godfrey is a member of the Bap- 
tist Church and the owner of fifty-two acres of land. He resides in the northern portion of 
Jackson Townthip. 

JOSEPH J. GOLDSMITH, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born July 1, 1828, in Franklin 
County, Ohio. His parents were Thomas and Elizabeth Goldsmith, his father a native of Ken- 
tucky and his mother of Ireland. When two years of age, with her parents, his mother emi- 
grated to America and settled in Pennsylvania, where she married a Mr. Chambers, by whom 
she had two children, both of them now deceased, and with him she came to Franklin County, 
where he died. She here married, after the decease of Mr. Chambers, Thomas Goldsmith, father 
of our subject. To them were born seven children, five of whom are now living. Thomas 
Goldsmith was born in Kentucky, and, when a young man, with his parents went to Virginia. 
He came t3 Franklin County a short time prior to the breaking out of the war of 1812. Our 
subject was reared in Franklin County, where, in August, 1848, he married Miss Eliza A. 
Thompson, daughter of William Thompson, a native of Scotland, and Susannah Thompson. 
This union has been blessed with six children, two of whom are now living, viz.: William C. and 
Oliver H. In the fall of 1853, he came to Union County, and, after living in diflferent parts of 
which, he finally, in the spring of 1881, settled in the southern portion of Jackson Township. 
He has served as Treasurer of York Township and Trustee of Claibourne Township. He is a 
member of the Methodist Protestant Church and of the I. 0. 0. F. lodge, and owns fifty-one 
acres of land. 

WATSON A. HALL, miller,P. 0. Rush Creek, was born in Portage County, Ohio, January 10, 
1839. He is a son of Henderson Hall, deceased, and Mary Hall, now of Delaware County. 
When five years old, with his parents, he went to Delaware County, where he married, in 
March, 1859, Miss Eliza J. Farver, daughter of Nelson and Eliza J. Farver, by whom he has one 
child, viz.: Aimer E. For twenty-two years Mr. Hall has been quite successfully engaged in 
the saw and grist-milling business. He remained in Delaware County until the spring ol 1881, 
at which time he came to Essex, this county. In August, 1862, he enlisted, in Delaware 
County, in the Ninety-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and participated in the battles of Haines' 
Bluff, Arkansas Post, and the siege of Vicksburg, and received an honorable discharge in July, 
1865. He is of an active, stirring business disposition, and a respected member of society. 

HENRY M. HALL, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek. The subject of this sketch was born in 
Franklin County, Ohio, September 11, 1846. He is a son of John and Keturah Hall, of Frank- 
lin County. In his youth he received a liberal English education. On December 28, 1870, in 
Franklin County, he married Miss Frances I. Walton, who was born October 1, 1849; she is 
a daughter of Gideon and Rebecca Walton, of Franklin County. To them have been born four 
children, viz.: Charles M., born May 30, 1873; John J., born April 28, 1875; Martha R., born 
July 31, 1879, and Josephine, born August 9, 1881. In the fall of 1875, he came to Union 
County and settled in Jackson Township. He is the owner of fifty-five acres of land, and is 
serving his second term as Justice of the Peace. As an agriculturist, Mr. Hall is meeting with 
success. 

GEORGE W. HANDLEY, farmer, P. 0. Richwood. This venerable citizen of Jackson 
Township was born June 14, 1814, in Loudoun County, Va. He is a son of Daniel and Annie 
Handley, and when about five years of age, his father died. When twelve years old, with 
his mother and several other members of the family, he cime to Licking County, Ohio. From 
his youth up he has devoted his attention to farming, and received but a rudimentary education. 
On December 8, 1836, in Perry County, he was united in marriage to Miss Catharine Buj h, who 
was born July 1, 1818. She was a daughter of Israel and Amelia Bugh, early settlers of Perry 
County. To them have been born ten children, seven of whom are now living, viz.: John T., 
Eliza J., Melinda C, Amelia A., Martha E., George V. and Martin. The names of the deceased 
are Mary F., David E. and William H., In the spring of 1875, with his family, from Lick- 
ing County, Mr. Handley came to Claibourne Township, this county, and located in said town- 



506 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

sliip until the spring of 1882, when he came to Jackson Township, where he now resides. He 
is the owner of 113 acres of land in a high state of cultivation. 

GEORGE B. HAND LEY, farmer, P. 0. Rich wood. The subject of this sketch a young 
agriculturist of Jackson Township, was born July 11, 1856, in Licking County, Ohio. He is a 
son of George W. and C.itherine Handley, whose sketch appears in this work. He was reared 
to manhood on a farm and received a common school education. On March 2, 1882, he was 
united in marriige to Miss Eva Cheney, daughter of Lorenzo and Anna M. Cheney, of whom we 
have also m\de mention in this work. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias Lodge, No. 71 , 
at Richwood, and of the Fourteenth Ohio National Guard Regimental Band, and the owner of 
seventy acres of land. 

WINGET HARRAMAN, farmer. P. 0. Rush Creek. The subject of this sketch, a prominen t 
agriculturist of Jackson Township, was bora April 3, 1846, in Marion County, Ohio. He was a 
son of David and Nancy Harraman. When twelve years of age, with his father he came to 
Jackson Township, this county. In his youth he had theopportuailies of receiving but a meagre 
education. He participated in the battles of Red Rivar, Little Rock, the siege of Vicksburgand 
other engagements in the war of the Rebellion, with the Fortieth Iowa Volunteer Infantry, 
and received an honorable discharge from the service. In NoVember, 1867, he was united in the 
bonds of matrimony with Martha J. Baldwin, daughter of Heni'y Baldwin (deceased) and Edith 
Baldwin. To them have been born six children, of whom five are still living — William II., John 
F., Chxrenie L., Florenie A., Carrie A., and Jesse (deceased). Mr. Harraman has been remarka- 
bly successful in business ; he is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. society, and the owner of 498 acres 
of land. 

HENRy HAZEN, lumber merchant and farmer, P. 0. Woodland. William P. Hazen, father 
of the subject of this sketch, was born in May, 1817, ih New York State, and when twelve years 
of age came to Ohio. He married Maria L. Langdoa by whom he had sis children, five of whom 
are now living, viz.: Our subject being the oldest, Edward E., Phoeba A., Philander F., 
and Martin L. His wife died in 1858, and he was married in December of the same year to 
Mrs. Charlotte J. Vincent, a widow. About the year 1838, at Deerfield, Portage County, he 
engaged in the foundry business, having learned the trade of a molder in his youth. He there 
continued in business until 1840, when he opened a foundry at Rosenna, and carried on the bus- 
iness successfully until 1848, in which year he formed a partnership with his brother, under the 
firm title of W. P. Hazen & Co. TJiey carried on the business until 1851. In 1851, he em- 
barked in the lumber trade at Atwater, Portage County, where he continued his business until 
1860, in which year he went to Warren, Trumbull County. He here carried on the lumber 
business successfully until 1862, when he admittel m a partner our subject. In 1863, they 
closed up their business at Warren and came to Jackson Township, this county. In 1866, they 
admitted as a partner Edward E. Hazen, and the firm henceforth transacted business under the 
title of W. P. Hazen & Sons, until 1880, in which yeir the partnership was dissolved. William P. 
Hazen ati'ords to us a striking illustra ion, of what a poor boy can do if he puts to work his 
brains and muscle with a determination to succeed. At the time of his arrival in Ohio he had 
according to his own statement "a few shillings in his pocket," and to-day he is the owner of 
1,500 acres of land in Union County, 700 acres in Florida and other vast possessions. He was 
in his day one of the most active and stirring business men which Union County possessed. Our 
subject was born July 11, 18 58, in Portage County, Ohio. In January, 1864, he married Miss 
Alice E. Wells, who was born in February, 1842 ; she was a daughter of John F. and Dorotha 
Wells, of Portage County. To them have been born six children — William P., Charles E., Maria 
L., Benjamin W., Lettie A. and John F. His business career has been principally in connec- 
tion with that of his father, as shown in this sketch. In connection with his farming, at present 
he is also engaged quite extensively in stock-raising an I lumbering. He has served as Trustee 
of Jackson Township. Through his exertions was secured the post office at Woodland, where 
he officiated as Postmaster several years. He is a member of the F. & A. M. society and of the 
I. 0. O. F. society. 

EDWARD E. HAZEN^, merchant and lumber dealer. Woodland, was born in Portage County, 
Ohio, April 14,1843. He is a son of Williatn P. and xMaria L. (deceased) Hazen, of whom 
we have made mention in this work. He received a fair English education in his youth. In 
October, 1862, he married Amelia Herst, by whom he had four children, three now living, viz., 
Charlotte J., William P. and l]iward F. After her decease, he married Lydia Robinson, of Mar- 
ion County, by whom he has one child, Daniel E. For m iny years, with his father and brother, 
of whom we have made mention, as partners, he transacted business. He is at present exten- 
sively engaged in the mercantile trade, and still more extensively in the lumbering business. He 
is the owner of 5'J7 acres of land and other valuable properties. He has been exceedingly 
successful in business. 

JONATHAN W. HEDGES, farmer, P. 0. Richwjod, was born March 3, 1S29, in what was 
formerly known as Fairfield, now Hocking County, Ohio. His parents were Caleb and Polly 
Hedges, natives of Maryland, who came to Fairfield County at quite an early day. He spent his 
youthful days in the quietude of farm life, and received but a common school education. On Feb- 
ruary 2S, 1854, he married Rebecca M. Brown, who was born in May, 1833, a daughter of John 



JACKSON TOWNSHIP, 507 

and Mary Brown, of Hocking County. To them have been born eleven children, seven of whom 
are yet living, viz., John A., Gaylord, Wilfred N., Orpha, Eunice, Effie and Ray C. In 1855, 
Mr. Hedges moved his family from Hocking to Delaware County, where he located two years 
and came to Union County He settled in the southern portion of Jackson Township, where he 
now resides. He has served as Trustee of Jackson Township, and with his wife, is a member of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is the owner of 231 acres of land. 

EDGAR D. HORTON, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Licking County, Ohio, Sep- 
tember 5, 1836. He is a son of Thomas and Mary (deceased) Horton, natives of Vermont, who 
came to Licking County, Ohio, about the year 1834. Of their family of twelve children, nine 
are now living, viz., Edwin, Orson, Thomas, Paschal I., Charlotte M., Sophia J., Emily A., Helen 
M. and Edgar D. When thirteen years of age, our subject entered his father's store at Fredonia, 
Licking County, as a clerk, and he continued with him until he reached his twentieth year. In 
March, 1865, at New Dover, Union County, he entered into the mercantile business for himself, 
and continued in the same for some five years. He subsequently spent a short time in Iowa, and 
came to Jackson Township, this county, in 1871. He is at present engaged in agricultural pur- 
suits. In August, 1862, he enlisted in the One Hundred and Thirteenth Oliio Volunteer Infantry, 
and became attached to the Army of the Cumberland. At the battle of Chickamauga, he received 
a gunshot wound in the right arm, which somewhat disabled that member. He continued in the 
service until February, 1864, at which time he received an honorable discharge at Camp Denni- 
son. On April 23, 1864, he married Miss Sarah U. Criswell, daughter of William and Tacy Cris- 
well, both of whom are deceased. This union has been blessed with six children, three of whom 
are now living — Frank, Lottie A. and Thomas J. He has served as Trustee and Assessor of 
Jackson Township, is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. Lodge, and the owner of fifty acres of 
valuable land. 

WILLIAM R. HUGHES, farmer, P. 0. Woodland, was born in Cambria County, Penn , 
July 30, 1828. His parents were Thomas Hughes (deceased) and Hannah Hughes, his fiither 
a native of Wales and his mother of Pennsylvania When six years of age, with his parents, he 
came to Marion County, Ohio, where his mother still resides. He remained in Ohio until 
1849, in which year he returned to Pennsylvania, where, in December, 1853, he was united in 
the bonds of matrimony with Miss Rachel S. Ritner, who was a daughter of Maj. Peter and 
Rachel S. Witner, and a niece of Joseph Ritner, who at one time was Governor of Pennsylvania. 
By this union there has been an issue of five children, viz.: George R., Thomas H., Everett L., 
William L. and Alice, the latter two of whom are deceased. Mr. Hughes remained in Penn- 
sylvania until 1875, in which year, with his family, he returned to Marion County, where he 
located until the springof 1881, when he came to Jackson Township, this county. In June, 1861, 
as Captain of Company E, he enlisted in the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, and 
participated in the battle of Antietam and others, and was discharged in the following Septem- 
ber. He re-enlisted in May, 1863, in the Fifty-fourth Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, as 
Captain of Company B. He subsequently was engaged in the memorable battle of Gettysburg, 
and continued in the service until September, 1863, when he received his final discharge. 
While in Pennsylvania, he at one time was a candidate for State Senator, but was defeated by 
his opponent, Lewis W. Hall, by a small majority. He has also served as Mayor of Wilmore, 
Cambria County. Mr. Hughes is a gentleman of culture and education and a member of the 
F. & A. M. society, 

JOHN C. JOLLEY (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born October 3, 1819, in 
Union County, Ohio. He was a son of John and Hannah JoUey. He was reared to man's es- 
tate on a farm and received the rudiments of an English education in a district school. On 
October 7, 1852, he was united in marriage with Miss Mary Keyes, an estimable lady, born 
March 8, 1828, in Madison County, Ohio. She was a daughter of Daniel and Betsy Keyes, with 
whom, when a child, she came to Union County. By this union there has been an issue of three 
children — Homer, born January 22, 1854; Preston, born April 3,1856; and Emily D., born 
June 21, 1861. In 1856, he settled in Jackson Township, where he remained until his decease, 
in August, 1862. To his family he was au indulgent husband and father, and with his fellow- 
men he dealt with a spirit of generosity and uprightness. He was a member of the Methodist 
Episcopal Church ; his bereaved widow, who still resides in Jackson Township, is also a member 
of the Methodist Episcopal Church and the owner of ninety-four acres of land. 

WILLIAM KEELER, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek, was born June 12, 1844, in Jackson 
Township, this county. His parents were Hiram and Velina Keeler, natives of Vermont. 
About the year 1836, they came to Union County and settled in Jackson Township, where they 
spent the remainder of their days. Of their lamily of eight children, five are yet living, viz.: 
Orlando, Helen, Amelia V., Melissa E. and William. On October 31, 1880, our subject was 
united in marriage with Miss Amanda Sells, daughter of Peter and Catharine (deceased) Sells, 
They have one child, viz., George W., born August 10, 1881. He resides in the northern por- 
tion of Jackson Township, and is the owner of sixty acres of land. 

RUSSELL B. LANDON, farmer, P. 0. Richwood. The subject of this sketch was born 
July 8, 1831, in Delaware County, Ohio. His parents were James and Elizabeth Landon, his 
father a native of Pennyslvania, and his mother of Michigan. They came to Delaware County 



508 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

at quite an early day. Of their family of eight children, six are now living, viz.: Elizabeth, 
Sarah, Darius, Mary J., Catherine F. and Russell B. Our subject was reared to manhood in 
Delaware County. On October 16, 1856, he was united in marriage with Miss Sabrina Rodgers, 
who was born October 27, 1835, in Virginia; the is a daughter of Joseph and Hannah (de- 
ceased) Rodgers. When a mere child, with them she came to Delaware County, where they 
located several years, and subsequently moved to Marion County. By this union there has been 
an issue of seven children — Elizabeth H., Martha 0.. Joseph B., Arthur R., Cura M., Orange 
G. and Emma G. In the spring of 1868, with his fiimily from Marion County, Mr. Landon 
came to Union County, and settled iu Jackson Township. He is a member of the M. E. Church, 
and the owner of seventy acres of land, in the southern portion of the township. 

LEVI E. LEWIS, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born May 23, 1833, in Worcester County, 
Md. His parents were John and Uneta Lewis, natives of Maryland, the latter deceased. 
About the year 1840, they came to Pickaway County, Ohio, where bis mother died when our 
subject was eleven years old. His father afterward married Mrs. Martha Mitchell. They sub- 
sequently moved to Franklin County, where they remained until 18S0, in which year they came 
to Union County. Our subject spent his youthful days in the quietude of farm life, and re- 
ceived a fair English education. On Auguft 18, 1853, he married Miss Susan E. Morten, who 
was born June 2, 1836, in Pickaway County, Ohio. Sheisadaughterof Seth Morten (deceased) and 
Sarah Morten, natives of Conneciicut, who came to Pickaway Ccunty about the year 1832. This 
union has been blessed with eight children, viz.: John W., Seih L., Sarah A., Edward M., 
Susau M., Uneti J., Franklin B., and Mary E, In 1880, from Pickaway, with his family, Mr. 
Lewis came to Union County and settled in Jackson Township, where he now resides. For 
twelve years, as a local minister in the Christian Church, he has labored zealously for the 
advancement of the Master's cause. He is the owner of one hundred acres of land. 

S. C. LOVE, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek, was born October 9, 1846, in Morrow County, 
Ohio. His parents were Leonard and Catherine Love. When about seven years of age, 
with his father, step-mother and two sisters, he moved to Delaware County, Ohio, where his 
father settled and remained until his decease. Our subject served a short period in the late war 
of the rebellion, in the One Hundred and Eighty-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was 
attached to the Army of the Cumberland. On December 15, 1870, he was united in marriage 
to Miss Mary M. Criswell, who was born November 24, 1848, in Licking County, Ohio. Her 
parents were AVilliam and Tacy Criswell. To them have been born three children — Carrie, 
born August 6, 1871 ; Valentine, born March 7, 1873, and Wilfred C, born September 19, 1878. 
In the spring of 1876, our subject settled in the northern portion of Jackson Township, this 
county, where he still resides. He is a self-made man, having procured all he has by his indus- 
try and strict adherence to business. He has served as School Director, and is the owner of 
sixty-four acres of land, the greater portion of wliich is under a state of cultivation. 

HARVEY MATHER, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek, w*s born in June 1820, in Delaware 
County, Ohio. His parents were Increase Mather, a native of New .Jersey and Anna Mather. 
When about three years of age, with them he came to Union County. He was reared to man's 
estate on a farm "and received the rudiments of an English education in a district school. In 
November, 1840, he married Miss Jane Dysert, daughter of John and Mary Dysert. This 
union has been blessed with seven children, viz.: Daniel D., .John D., Oliver B., Mieton M., 
Aaron A., Mary L. and Thomas J. (deceased). In 1849, Mr. Mather settled in Jackson 
Township, near where he now lives. He has served as Justice of the Peace in Jackson Town- 
ship for fifteen years. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and the owner of 
120 acres of land. As an agriculturist, he has been successful, owing to his industry and 
judicious management. 

THOMAS MOORE (deceased) was born in January, 1834, in Union County, Ohio. His 
parents were Harvey and Magdalena Mnore, who had a family of eight children, seven of them 
are now living, viz.: John, Elizabeth M., Margaret, Cyrus, Nancy M., Martha E. and Magda- 
lena. In June, 1856, our subject was united in the bonds of matrimony with Miss Ellen Moore, 
daughter of William ,and Ann ^loore, of Claibourne Township, this county. To them were born 
six children, of whom five are now living, viz.: William H., Mary E., Phila, John H. and 
Olive I. He served in the late war of the rebellion perhaps sixteen months, but was an invalid 
during the greater portion of the time. To his family Mr. Moore was an indulgent father and 
loving husband. He was a member of the Disciple Church, and peacefully departed this life in 
November, 1878, respected by all who knew him. He left to his widow, who still resides in 
Jackson Township, and who mourns her irretrievable loss, seventy-eight acres of land. 

JOHN MOORE, farmer, P. 0. Richwood. The subject of this sketch was born in Union 
County, this State, September 22, 1836. His parents were Harvey and Magdalena Moore, early 
settlers of this county. On April 3, 1859, he married Miss Catheriue Markley, who was born 
in May, 1842, in Marion County; she was a daui^hter of Aaron and Margaret Alarkley. To them 
have been born six children, five of whom are now living, viz.: Emma M., Thomas C, Cyrus A., 
Margaret A. and Ida M. In 1870, he settled in the northwestern portion of Jackson Town-hip, 
where he now resides. He has served as Trustee of Jackson Township. He is the owner of 240 
acres of land, and a zealous member of the Disciple Church. 



JACKSON TOWNSHIP. 511 

ISAAC NOGGLE, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek, was boru in Hocking County, Ohio, June 
14, 1835. He is a son of John and Hannah (deceased) Noggie, of this county. In his youth he 
received but a rudimentary education. In November, 1861, he enlisted in the Forty-third Ohio 
Volunteer Infantry, and participated in the seige of Corinth, the capture of Island No. 10, 
the battle of luka and numerous other engagements. He was discharged, and re-enlisted in 
December, 1863, in the Forty-third Ohio Veteran Infantry. He subsequently was engaged in 
the battle of Decatur, siege of Atlanta, siege of Savannah, the grand march to the sea, and the 
surrender of Johnston's army. He continued in the service until July, 1865, when he received 
an honorable discharge. In February, 1807, he married Miss Jane E. Matteson, daughter of 
Joseph K. and Mary (deceased) Matteson. To them have been born four children, viz.: .Minnie 
D., Annie M., William F. and Joseph A. (deceased). He is the owner of sixty seven acres of 
land, and resides in the northern portion of Jackson Township. 

FRANCIS M. PARISH, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek. The subject of this sketch was born 
February 5, 1848, in Madison County, Ohio. He is a son of George Parish, a native of Eng- 
land, and Rachel Parish. About the year 1853, with his parents, he came to Jackson Town- 
ship, this county, where they settled and still reside. He was, from his youth up, trained to the 
pursuits of farming, and received but a rudimentary education. In January, 1868, he married 
Miss Sabrina Randall, who was born April 21, 1851, in Delaware County, Ohio. She is a daugh- 
ter of Rodney R. and Louisa Randall, now of Jackson Township, this county. To them have 
been born four children, three of whom are now living — Elva A., born November 1, 1869 ; Lou- 
isa A., born September 6, 1872; Lelia A., born December 4, 1874 ; and Blanchard F., deceased. 
He resided in Jackson Township until the spring of 1876, when he moved to Marion County, 
and resided one year, at the expiration of which time he returned to Jackson Township. In 
November, 1881, he moved to Columbus, where he was employed by the Columbus, Hocking 
Valley & Toledo Railway Company. In October, 1882, he again returned to Jackson Township, 
this county. He has been moderately successful in business, is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. 
Lodge, and the owner of eighty-nine acres of land. 

SAMUEL T. PATTERSON, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek, was born March 22, 1837, in Bel- 
mont County, Ohio. His parents were John and Hannah A. Patterson, his father a native of 
Maryland and his mother of Virginia. They came to Belmont County at quite an early day. 
When seven years of age, his father died, and when fifteen years of age, with his mother, he 
moved to Franklin County, where she died in November, 1877. Four of a family of five chil- 
dren are still living, viz.: Samuel T., James, Sarah A., and Martha A. On January 27, 1857, in 
Franklin County, he was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth A. Lott, who was born De- 
cember 28, 1836, in New Jersey. She is a daughter of Elijah and Anna Lott, who came to 
Franklin County, this State, about the year 1856. This union has been blessed with nine chil- 
dren, six of whom are now living, viz.: Chester W., born December 18, 1864; Charles E., born 
July 4, 1867; Harry E., born September 6, 1869; Lillias G., born July 15, 1874; Alvin, 
born August 3, 1875; and Blanche M., boru May 19. 1880. In November, 1874, with his fam- 
ily, Mr. Patterson came from Franklin to Union County and settled in Jackson Township. He 
and his wife are both members of the M. P. Church. He is also a member of the I. 0. 0. F. Lodge 
and the owner of a fine iarm of seventy-two acres, pleasantly located in the northern portion of 
the township. 

GRANVILLE S. ROBERTSON, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek, was born May 19, 1826, in Vir- 
ginia. He is a son of Joseph R. and Nancy Robertson. When sixteen years of age, his 
mother died, and shortly after, with his father, he came to Union County, this State. From his 
youth unto the present time, he has been engaged in farming. In February, 1851, he was 
united in marriage with Louisa Andrews, daughter of Horace and Ann Z. Andrews, and by her 
he had one child — William H. (deceased). She died in September, 1853, and in March, 1856, 
he was married to Elizabeth Bell, of Marion County, this State. To them have been born eleven 
children, nine of whom are now living, viz.: Joseph S., Isaac N., Jesse B., Hannah M., Marga- 
ret E., John H., Samuel S., Mary E. and Robert R. He has served as Trustee of Jackson 
Township many years, and also as Assessor. He is a member of the Baptist Church, in which 
denomination he officiates as a local preacher. In 1865, he settled in Jackson Township, where 
he still resides, and where he is the owner of 171 acres of land. 

ANDREW SCHMELZER, farmer, P. 0. Richwood. The subject of this sketch was born in 
August, 1813, in Prussia, Germany. He was a son of Andrew and Catherine Schmelzer. In 
1844, he emigrated to America, and spent several years in New York and Newburg Cities, and 
then came to Ohio. About the year 1854, he came to Uuion County. In 1848 married 
Caroline Kircher, by whom he has ten children, viz.: Andrew, George W., Charles, Jacob, 
Lewis, Alice, John L., Henry G., Frank and William He is a member of the German Lutheran 
Church, and the owner of 137 acres of land. He is industrious and energetic, qualities which 
have secured for him success, and resides on the western portion of Jackson Township. 

SAMPSON H. SNOWDEN, farmer, P. 0. Richwood. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Greene County, Ohio, March 11, 1841. He is a son of James Snowden (deceased), and 
Mary A. Snowden. He was reared to man's estate on a farm, and received but a limited edu- 
cation. In August, 1864, he enlisted in the One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Ohio Volunteer 



512 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Infantry, and participated in the battles of Murfreesboro, Kingston and other lesser engage- 
ments, and continued in the service until June, 1865. On March 14, 1867, be married Miss 
Mary F. Flesher, who was born in December, 1847; she is a dauj^hter of John and Lena 
Flesher, of this county. By this union there has been an issue of four children, viz.: Albert 
E., William A., Cora M. and John A. In 1872, he came to Jackson Township, and settled in 
the southern portion of the township, where he own 3 ninty-six acres of land. He is a member 
of the M. E. Church. 

GEORGE W. STEPHEN, farmer, P. 0. Richwood. George W. Stephen is a prominent 
farmer of Jackson Township; was born in Delaware County, this State, October 30, 1850. He 
is a son of Zachariah Stephen (deceased) and Mary A. Stephen. Of iheir family of ten chil- 
dren, seven are now living, viz.: Ephraim, Hugh M., Elizabeth A., Joseph Z., William C, 
George W. and Nancy .1. His father died in September, 1877 ; his mother still resides in Dela- 
ware County. On October 21, 1873, he married Miss Olive E. Perry, daughter of Henry and 
Martha Perry, of Logan County. To them have been born four children — Bertha, Effie L., 
Jessie M. and Grace. He has been moderately successful in business, and is a member of the 
Presbyterian Church. He is the owner of 114 acres of land, and resides in the northwest por- 
tion of Jackson Township. 

DAVID SWARTZ, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek. The subject of this sketch was born in Dela- 
ware County, Ohio, December 26, 1839. He is the youngest child of Abraham and Hettie 
Swartz. In his youth he learned the trade of carpentering, which he followed for several 
years. In September, 1874, in Delaware County, he married Miss Lovina Smith, daughter of 
William W. and Polly (deceased) Smith. To them have been born two children — Mary E., 
born July 17, 1876, and William A., born August 21, 1879. In August, 1862, he enlisted in 
the One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was engaged in the battles of 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Lookout Mountain, Perryville, the siege of Atlanta, Jonesboro, the 
grand march to the sea, and the surrender of Johnston's army. He received an honorable dis- 
charge in June, 1865. In 1874, he come to Union County, and located at Richwood until the 
spring of 1878, when he came to Jackson Township. He has served as School Director, and 
is a member of the Christian Church. He is the owner of forty acres of land. 

JOSEPH TEMPLE, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born May 6. 1827, in Adams County, Ohio. 
His parents were Joseph and Margaret Temple, with whom, when fifteen years of age, he came 
to Union County, and settled in Jackson Township, where he now resides. On July 6, 1849, he 
was united in marriage to Lucy A. Andrews, who was born August 20, 1825, and a daughter of 
John H. and A. Andrews. By her he had six children, viz.: John M., Henry G., Louisa J., 
Surrilda A., Lucy C.and Edith C, deceased. Mrs. Temple died in June, 1871. On July 3, 1872, 
he was married to Leonora C, daughter of Theron Eastman (deceased) and Nancy Eastman, 
of Madison County, Ohio. To them have been born three children. Mr. and Mrs. Temple 
are both members of the Baptist Church, and useful members of society. He has served as 
School Director, and is the owner of 242 acres of land. 

JESSE A. WHITE, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek, was born in Franklin County. Ind., August 31, 
1828. His parents are Albert R. White and Amy White, deceased. When five years of age, 
with his parents, he came to Union County. He was reared amid the rural scenes of farm life 
and received a liberal education, which enabled him for two years to teach school. On April 10, 
1851, he was united in the bonds of matrimony with Miss Angeline Dysert, daughter of John 
and Mary Dysert. They are the parents of four children — John D., Charles A., Mary E. and 
Anna M. Mr. White has met with success in a financial sense, being of a stirring, business dis- 
position, and is the ownerof 100 acres of good land. He is a member of the Methodist Protestant 
Church. He has served as Trustee, Clerk and Treasurer of Jackson Township, and for twenty 
years has been Recording Steward of the Rush Creek Circuit of the Methodist Protestant 
Church. 

DANIEL A. WHITE, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek, was born in Franklin County, Ind., 
February 20, 1830. He is a son of Albert R. White and Amy White, deceased. In 1833, with 
his parents, he came to Jackson Township, this county. In his youth he received rather a lim- 
ited education, but by continual reading, and having a love for good books written by standard 
authors, he has made himself familiar with many of the important topics of this day. In De- 
cember, 1850, he was united in marriage with Emily Bennet, daughter of Henry and Mary Ben- 
net, and by her had two children, both of whom are deceased. She died in December, 1853. 
On October 8, 1854, he was married to Minerva Bennet, by whom he has eight children, six of 
whom are now living, viz.: Albert S., George A., John W., Mary M., Martha E. and Jesse W. 
Mr. White is at present the efficient Superintendent of the Rush Creek Gravel Road. He is the 
owner of 188 acres of land, and a member of the Methodist Protestant Church. In 1854, he set- 
tled where he now resides. 

DAVID R. WHITE, farmer, P. 0. Rush Creek, the subject of this sketch, was born Octo- 
ber 6, 1832, in Champaign County, Ohio. He is a son of Albert R. White; he received a 
common school education, and on June 8, 1856, was united in marriage with Miss Alice A. 
Bosart, who was born November 20, 1838, in Champaign County. She is a daughter of John and 
Elizabeth Bosart, early settlers of Champaign County. They have four children, viz., Jennie, born 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 613 

August 29, 1857 ; Elenor. born January 14, 1862 ; Emery, bora July 10, 1867, and Mary, born 
March 28, 1874. Mr. White has served as Assessor of Jackson Township, and is the owner of 
sixty acres of valuable land. With his wife, he is a member of the Methodist Protestant Church 
and, for seven years, has been the efficient Superintendent of the Essex Sabbath School. Mr. 
and Mrs. White reside on their farm, which is pleasantly located on the Rush Creek Gravel 
Roal, in the western portion of the township. 

SAMUEL E.WILLIAMS, physician and surgeon, P.O. Rush Creek, was born March 4, 1823, in 
Licking County, Ohio. He is a sonof Elias and Sarah Williams, natives of New Jersey, who came 
to Licking County about the year 1819. After receiving a liberal English education, in 1846, he 
entered for a ii ve months course, the Cleveland Medical College, and graduated in March of the fol- 
lowing year. On December 8, 1853, he was united in marriage with Miriam Brookins, daughter of 
Jonathan P. Brookins (deceased) and Murilla Brookins, formerly of Marion County. This union 
has been blessed with six children, of whom four are living, viz., Jonathan P., William, Sarah 
M. and Elbert S. After his graduation, for a short time, he practiced at Hartford, Licking County, 
and then went to Middetown, now Prospect, Marion County, where he located four years, at 
the expiration of which time he came to Union County, and located at Essex. Mr. W'illiams is of 
a courteous and obliging disposition, successful in his profession, and has established a lucrative 
practice. He is a member of the F. & A. M. society. 



CHAPTER XI. 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 

THE history of the formation of York Township, as exhibited on the 
pages of the Commissioners' journal, is as follows: 

December 3, 1833 — The Board of Commissioners ordered that a new town- 
ship be laid off on the north end of Liberty Township, to be called York; 
commencing on the east boundary of said Liberty Township, five miles north 
of the southeast corner thereof; thence west, parallel to the south boundary of 
said Liberty Township, to the west boundary thereof; all north thereof to the 
north boundary of the county of Union to be considered in the said township 
of York, to be surveyed by Levi Phelps, when it may suit his convenience, 
previous to March session next. 

March 4, 1834 — The board took into consideration the report of Levi 
Phelps, surveyor, on his proceeding in laying off the township of York, and 
its appearing to said Board that it would be more convenient to the townships 
of both Liberty and York to remove the line as now run, one mile further 
north; it is, therefore, ordered that the said Phelps, at some time prior to the 
next June session, re-survey the said township of York, commencing on the 
east line of the township of Liberty at the sixth mile tree, being six miles 
north of the southeast corner of the township of Liberty as originally estab- 
lished; thence to run west with the southern boundary thereof to the western 
boundary of the county; all north to be considered as the township of York. 

December 4, 1834 — A petition was presented by William Hai'tford, pray- 
ing for a reconsideration of their order for running the line between the 
townships of Liberty and York, and an alteration; whereupon it is ordered by 
the board that the said line shall begin five miles north of the southeast corner 
of the township of Liberty, on the east line thereof; thence running west, 
parallel to the south line thereof three and one-half miles; thence north, par- 
allel with the east line of said township one mile and 242 poles; thence west 
parallel to the south line of the township to the western boundary of the 
county. 

In 1836, York Township was divided, and Washington formed from the 
northern division. It would be impracticable to follow the numerous changes 
that have been made in the boundaries of York. As constituted at present, 



514 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

its northern and western bonudaries are regular. The western boundary is 
the county line, with Logan County beyond. The northern boundary is the 
Greenville treaty line, separating York from Washington Township. On the 
east is Claibourne Township, and on the south Liberty and Taylor. The 
boundary lines between York and these three townships do not cut any sur- 
veys, and are, in consequence, irregular. 

These are the surveys included within the township: Peter Manifold, No. 
2,832, 1.000 acres, near the southwest corner of the township, siurveyed by 
Lucas Sullivant, September 14, 1799; Andi-ew Tarborn, the heir of Peter 
Dunn, No. 2,982, 1,000 acres, southwestern part of township, sui-veyed by 
Lucas Sullivant, September 11, 1790; John M. Gregory, No. 2,984, south- 
western part, surveyed by Lucas Sullivant, September 11, 1799: George Bax- 
ley and Joseph Merriman, six surveys of 1,000 acres each, located in the cen- 
tral and western parts of the township, Nos. 3,234, 3,235, 3,236, 3,237, 3.238 
and 3,439, sui'veyed by Lucas Sullivant, September 14 and 16, 1799; John 
Bowen, Nos. 3,468, 3,469 and 3,470, three surveys of 889 acres each, in the 
southeast part of the township, surveyed by Lucas Sullivant, November 10 
and 12, 1800; Thomas Bowyer, No. 5,289, 1,0()0 acres, northern part, surveyed 
by Duncan McArthur, November 28, 1808; Thomas Bowyer, No. 5,290, 1.000 
acres, northern part, surveyed by Duncan McArthur June 10, 1809; Robert 
Means, No. 5,387, 1,000 acres, southern part, surveyed November 26, 1808, by 
Duncan McArthur; Robert Means, No. 0,492, 70 acres, surveyed, November 
20,1809, by Duncan McArthur; Burgess Ball's representatives. No. 6, 680, 
648 acres, southern part of township, sm'veyed b}' Cadwallader Wallace June 
11, 1834; Allen Latham, No. 11,346, 1,200 acres, eastern part of township, 
surveyed December 24, 1843, by E. P. Kendricks; Mary Stephenson and 
Thomas Holt, No. 12,124, 904 1 acres, northern part of township, surveyed by 
Allen Latham, March 24, 1823; Joseph Miller, No. 12,542, surveyed Sep- 
tember 10, 1833, by E. P. Kendricks, in the northeast corner of town- 
ship; Robert Means, No. 6,154, 1,700 acres, mostly in Logan County, sur- 
veyed March 20, 1809, by Duncan McArthur: Robert Means, No. 5,092, 
1,333^ acres, mostly in Logan County, surveyed by Duncan McArthur, Novem- 
ber 26, 1808; T. Chilton, Nos. 775 and 6,155, 1,059 acres, mostly in Logan 
County, surveyed by Duncan McArthur March 20, 1809; Allen Latham, No. 
15,707, 38 acres, northern part of township, surveyed November 24, 1851, by 
Nathaniel Massie; David Williams, No. 13,506, 500 acres, northern part of 
township. 

The organization of York Township was completed by the election of 
township officers April 7, 1834. The election was held at the house of Aaron 
Shirk, and in consideration of this fact, he was permitted to cast the first vote. 
The record shows that the following persons were unanimously elected to the 
several offices; to wit: Trustees, Heman Tobey, Joseph Miller and Harmon 
Patrick; Overseers of the Poor, Charles Miller and John Coons; Fence View- 
ers, George Coons, Jonathan Miller and Charles Bennett: Treasurer, William 
Tobey; Constable, Aaron Shirk; Clerk, "William Hartford; Supervisors, John 
Stamates, Hiram Parker and Jonathan Shirk. On the 15th day of April, 1834, 
the Trustees met at the house of Heman Tobey, and divided the township into 
three road districts. 

The fu"st election for Justice of the Peace was held at the house of Aaron 
Shirk October 1 4, 1834, and Jonathan G. Miller was elected to fill that office. 
The subsequent Justices, with dates of election, are Thomas Milligan, 1837; 
Jonathan G. Miller, 1839; William Tobey, 1841; Jonathan G. Miller, 1841; 
William Tobev, 1844, resigned in 1846; Jonathan Sterling, 1844, resigned in 
1846; William Hartford, 1846; Ai-chibald G. Brooks, 1846; David Sterling, 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 515 

1849, resigned the same year; William Hartford, 1849; Samuel Hoover, 1849; 
J. G. Miller, 1852; James K. Smith, 1852; Alonzo Harvey, 1855; James R. 
Smith, 1855; Alonzo Harvey, 1858; Washington G. Davis, 1858; Archibald G. 
Brooks, 1859; Washington G. Davis, I8f31; Archibald G. Brooks, 1862; A. E. 
Knox, 1864; Archibald G. Brooks, 1865; A. E. Knox, 1867; A. P. Harvey, 
1868, resigned in 1870; William P. Plotner, 1870; A. E. Knox, 1870; Will- 
iam H. Plotner, 1873; A. E. Knox, 1873; S. Taylor, 1873; William H. Plot- 
ner, 1876; A. E. Knox, 1876; William H. Plotner, 1879; A. E. Knox, 1879; 
L. D. Wright, 1882. 

At the first fall election, held October 14, 1834, the townshijj cast twenty- 
one votes, eleven Democratic and ten Whig. The vote was as follows: For 
Governor, Robert Lucas, 11, James Findley, 10; for Representative in Con- 
gress, William Ellsberry, 11, Sampson Mason, 10; for State Senator, John 
Shelby, 11, Samuel Newell, 10; for State Representative, Nicholas Hathaway, 
11, Otway Curry, 10; for Sheriff, Calvin Wright, 21; for Commissioner, James 
B. Irvin, 18, Thomas Price, 3. 

The vote of the township for Governor, from that time to the present, is 
here given: 1836, Joseph Vance, 16, Eli Baldwin, 17; 1838, Joseph Vance, 
27, Wilson Shannon, 26; 1840, Thomas Corwin, 47, Wilson Shannon, 37; 1842, 
Thomas Corwin, 48, Wilson Shannon, 38; 1844, Mordecai Bartley, 62, David Tod, 
39, Leicester King, 3; 1846, William Bebb, 42, David Tod, 31, Samuel Lewis, 
14; 1848, SeaburyFord, 55, John B. Weller, 48, scattering,. 18; 1850, Will- 
iam Johnson, 45, Reuben Wood, 37, Edward Smith, 36; 1851, Samuel F. 
Vinton, 54, Reuben Wood, 53, Samuel Lewis, 26; 1853, Nelson Barrere, — , 
William Medill, 48, Samuel Lewis, 85; 1855, Salmon P. Chase, 104, William 
Medill, 15, Allen Trimble, 4; 1857, Salmon P. Chase, 126, H. B. Payne, 62, 
P. Van Trump, 1; 1859, William Dennison, 132, R. P. Ranney, 35: 1861, 
David Tod, 161, H. J. Jewett, 39; 1863, John Brough, 250, C. L. Vallan- 
digham, 43; 1865, J. D. Cox, 192, George W. Morgan, 25; 1867, R. B. Hayes, 
214, A. G. Thurman, 47; 1869, R. B. Hayes, 198, George H. Pendleton, 49: 
1871, E. F. Noves, 190, George W. McCook, 43; 1873, E. F. Noyes, 178, 
William Allen, 62, Gideon T. Stewart, 2; 1875, R. B. Hayes, 255, William 
Allen, 78; 1877, William H. West, 248, R. M. Bishop, 89, H. H Thompson, 
5; 1879, Charles Foster, 263, Thomas Ewing, 93, Gideon T. Stewart, 6; 1881, 
Charles Foster, 247, John W. Bookwalter, 68, A. R. Ludlow, 18. 

Bokes Creek is the principal stream. It is formed by the confluence of 
several creeks on the western part of the township, and pursues an irregularly 
southeastern cou.rse. Fulton Creek crosses the northeastern corner of the ter- 
ritory, and in the southern part are several tributaries of Bokes Creek. The 
surface is level, or gently rolling. The soil is clay, with sandy bottoms along 
the streams. The timber consisted of beech, sugar, elm, hickory, oak and 
other varieties. 

One of the earliest pioneers of Yoi'k Township was Joseph Miller. He 
was born in Ballston, Saratoga Co. , N. Y. , and spent his youthful days in that 
vicinity. He was married to Jemima Wilkins in 1801, and to them were burn 
three sons and one daughter. Mr. Miller, with his family, removed to Ohio 
in 1817, and purchased land in Franklin County, along the Scioto River. 
After making considerable improvement on this land, he lost it by reason of a 
defective title. After this misfortune, he located a survey in what is now the 
northeast corner of York Township. He and his two surviving sons, Jonathan 
G. and James Charles, became the first setters upon this tract. His daughter 
Evaline, wife of Aaron Everett, remained in Franklin County. Mr. Miller 
and his son Jonathan G. first came out with their families about February, 
1828. There was then no road to guide them to their new home west of the 



516 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

site of Kichwood, and Henry Hwartz, of Claiboiu'ne Township, who had hunted 
over this country and was familiar with it, marked out a road for them by 
hacking trees along the line. By cutting away the uaderbrush, and windino- 
about a great deal, the Millers reached their destination after a tedious jour- 
ney. The latter part of their route was the first road — if road it might be 
called — leading from Eichwood westward. The cabin was raised on the. site 
of Benjamin Thomas' brick residence, some little distance west of the Presby- 
terian Church, by the aid of a few men who accompanied them from Franklin 
County for this purpose. They bi'ought with them two teams, a scanty lot of 
household goods and a few sheep, hogs and cows. The sheep soon disap- 
peared, and were never seen afterward, having probably fallen a prey to the 
ravenous wolves that infested the forests. For awhile the Millers traded, and 
bought the groceries they needed at Worthington, Franklin County. Joseph 
Miller erected a cabin, and lived on the same place with his son Jonathan. He 
possessed some means, was industrious and performed many acts of kindness 
to the new settlers who followed him into this settlement. He was modest 
and unassuming, but the earnest friend of every measure to promote the intel- 
ligence and morals of the community in which he lived. He was a member 
of the Episcopal Church, and as such communed with the Presbyterian 
Church in his immediate vicinity, of which his wife was a member, and to 
which he gave a coi'dial support. He died in York Township August 81, 1866, 
aged ninety- two years and nearly eight months. 

Jonathan G. Miller accompanied his father to York Township in Febru- 
ary, 1828, and became one of the sturdy pioneers who developed the agricult- 
ural resources of his adopted township. He was influential and respected 
among his acquaintances. He had married Anna Wasson, and had a family 
of six children — Beriah, now of Hardin County; Thomas, a farmer in 
Trego County, Kan.; Wilmot, the wife of William Longaker, living in Kan- 
sas; Anna; James, who was marked missing after a battle for his country, 
and never heard of again; David, who, while in service, was captured, im- 
prisoned in Libby, exchanged, and when on his way home drowned on an ill- 
fated steamer on the Mississippi. Mr. Miller moved to Trego County, Kan., 
in 1878, and died there two years latei'. 

James C. Miller moved to the Miller survey in February, 1830, two years 
after his father had settled here. He had married Roxana Wasson, in Frank- 
lin County, in 1828. They built their first cabin a short distance east of the 
present residence of Mrs. Miller. Mr. Miller was engaged solely in agi'icult- 
ural pursuits. His children were Justus; Evaline; Dennison, who died in 
service; Gilbert, who died at Gallatin, Tenn., while in service; Jane, the wife 
of David Davis; Martha, who was married to Samuel McNeil and is now de- 
ceased. Mr. Miller died in this township September 4, 1878. 

One of the earliest settled portions of York Township was the land em- 
braced in the three John Bowen surveys, surrounding and south of Summers- 
ville. Harmon Patrick is believed to have been the first settler here, though 
the exact date of his arrival is unknown. He was from Hardy County, Va., 
originally, but directly from Ross County, Ohio, and came to the township 
about the time the Miller settlement was made. He occupied a farm of 12'-J 
acres in Survey 3,470, about a mile south of the village. He was a high- 
spirited, enterprising and esteemed citizen, and remained in the township for 
many years. He removed to Marion County, on the Scioto River. His 
brother, John Patrick, owned 100 acres in Survey 3,460, and lived here for a 
few years. 

Caleb Arahood, also from Ross County, came soon after, and settled on a 
piece of land near the center of Survey 3,469, now the Peter Staley farm. 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 517 

He was a native of Hardy County, Va., and had emigrated to Ross County, 
Ohio, and from that county to Liberty Township, this county, whence he 
moved here about 1830. He was a real backwoodsman, rude and uncouth, but 
clever and kind hearted. As befitted his situation in life, he was an adept with 
the rifle, and could bring down the noblest game the forests then afforded with 
ease and dispatch. His wife was Elizabeth Shirk. He sold his farm to David 
Davis a few years later, and departed with his family for Coles County, lU. 
His earthly existence was terminated there shortly after. 

William Hartford was among the early arrivals in this locality. By birth 
he was a Canadian. When the war of 1812 agitated the American continent, 
his sympathies were enlisted in behalf of the American cause. With his 
father he came to the United States, and soon after was in the service. At 
the close of the war, he returned to Canada, and was imprisoned for bearing 
arms against his country. Effecting a release in some way, he came to Ohio, 
and settled in Muskingum County. Thence he came to York Township, about 
1830, and settled in the southwest corner of Survey 3,470. His nature was 
positive and impulsive, and to whatever cause he embraced he brought ardent 
and unwearied efforts. He was at first intensely Democratic in his political 
preferences, but later in life was strongly identified with the Republican 
party. Notwithstanding his positive disposition, he was universally esteemed 
by his acquaintances. He emigrated to Illinois, and invested his means in 
land, by the rise in the value of which he became wealthy. Within a very 
recent period, he was living in Iowa. His wife was Eliza (James), and his 
children Mary, Scott, Almira, Selina, Margaret, Nancy, Isaac and Grace, none 
of whom now reside in this vicinity. 

Jonathan Shirk, uncle to Aaron Shirk, now living in York Township, was 
born in Hardy County, Va., and emigrated to Greene County, Ohio. About 
1830, he came to York Township with his wifft. Elizabeth, and family, and 
engaged in the arduous labor of making a farm from the wilderness, a short 
distance south from Summersville. His wife died, and he sold his posses- 
sions here and removed to Taylor Township, and afterward to Indiana, where 
he died. 

Not uncommonly, settlements were formed by a number of pioneers, hail- 
ing from the same vicinity. The tide of emigration from a settled locality 
would receive its impetus from the success attending the removal of one of the 
community to the new country. His neighbors, friends and acquaintances, 
prompted by a desire to share in the benefits which are the reward of faithful 
and persevering labor in an unsettled region, and preferring the society of old 
and tried acquaintances as neighbors to new ones, one after another would 
leave their old homesteads and purchase new homes in the vicinity of those 
who had gone before them. An emigration from Harrison and adjoining 
counties to York Township was thus begun by one, who, however, did not live 
to enter upon his labors in the township. Duncan McArthur purchased a 
large portion of the John Bowen Surveys, in the southeastern portion of York 
Township, for a small consideration, and desired its settlement. Samuel 
Hyde, of Harrison, was slightly acquainted with Gov. McArthur, who offered 
to sell him, among others, a farm in that vicinity. 

Mr. Hyde was born in Maryland, and when a boy, moved, with his father, 
to Pennsylvania. In Washington County, Fenn. , he married, and settled on 
a farm in Harrison County, Ohio. Having concluded to emigrate farther 
west, in the spring of 1832, in a lumbering wagon drawn by a yoke of oxen, 
he traveled toward the setting sun till he reached the slight settlement just 
south of what is now Sammersville. Satisfied with the locality, he fashioned, 
out of the unbroken wilderness, a small, rude cabin, cleared about eight acres 



518 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

of land, fenced it in from the surrounding forest, planted it in corn and re- 
tvu-ned, by a tedious jou.rney, home. In the fall, he again visited the locality, 
this time in company with his young son, John B., and harvested his crop. 
They brought with them a load of household and other goods. Mr. Hyde had 
eight children, one son and seven daughters, five of whom were at this time 
married and settled in homes of their own. One unmarried daughter — Nancy, 
afterward Mrs. George Davis — was living at the home of a married sister. In 
February, 1833, Mr. Hyde, with his wife Elizabeth, son John B. and daughter 
Eebecca, who afterward mai'ried Sedgwick Coons, bade a final adieu to Har- 
rison County, and, in a four-horse team, began their pilgrimage to York 
Township. At Berkshire, Delaware County, Mr. Hyde was taken sick. 
Thinking he would be fully restored to health in few days, he directed that 
his family proceed to their new home. They concluded the journey in two 
days, and took possession of the cabin which JVIr. Hyde had erected the sum- 
mer previous. Rebecca then returned to Delaware County for her father, and 
upon her arrival she was greeted with the sad tidings that he had died and was 
buried. His disease was lung fever, doubtless induced by exposu.re and ex- 
cessive labor. John B. at this time was seventeen years of age. His father 
had not yet contracted for the land upon which he built his cabin, and John 
B., in his own name, in a short time bought 100 acres of land, paying for it 
$2.25 per acre. In 1837, he married Eliza Davis, and still resides on the old 
place, one and a half miles south of Summersville, enjoying the reward of a 
well-spent life, and possessing the highest esteem of his large circle of ac- 
quaintances. In politics, he has been Whig and Republican; in religion he is 
a faithful adherent to the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

Of the seven daughters of Saumel Hyde, six became residents of York 
Township. The eldest, Catharine, settled with her husband, Hugh McAdow, 
in the adjoining township of Taylor; Eliza had married Elias Johnson; 
Ellen had married Charles Bennett; Margaret was the wife of John Sterling; 
Mary the wife of John Johnson. As before mentioned, the other two daughters, 
Nancy and Rebecca, afterward married pioneers of the township. 

Elias Johnson came in the fall of 1833, settled near Summersville. and 
there raised a large family. He had served, for a short time, in the war of 
1812, He taught several of the early schools, was a well-respected member of 
society, and died in 1865 at a ripe old age. 

Charles Bennett settled in the township at the same time. He occupied 
the James Seran place in the southeast part of Siu-vey 3,468 for a number of 
years, then mcjved to Illinois. Returning, he remained but a short time, and 
emigrated to Missouri, where he now lives. 

John Sterling first located in York Township in the same Call. He was 
born in Ireland, and, after his arrival in America, settled in Tuscarawas 
County. Thence he came to this township, and purchased 100 acres in the 
wilderness, south of Summei'sville. now known as the Fulton farm. He soon 
after sold this, attended school for a time at Delaware, Ohio, and returned a 
Methodist minister, and was an earnest and faithful pastor until death. 

David Sterling, his brother, was also an early settler. He located a faim 
in the Coons settlement, in the northern part of Survey 12,124, where John 
H. Sterling now lives Mr. Sterling remained here the remainder of his life. 
He possessed more than ordinary intelligence, and was highly and universally 
esteemed. Both he and his brother were earnest Whigs; both were elected to 
the office of Justice of the Peace, and boih resigned before the expiration of a 
term of service. 

John Johnson came with his family from Harrison County, Ohio, in 1834, 
and settled near Summersville. Before emigrating to this township, he had 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 521 

traveled on the circuit as a Methodist minister in the Pittsburgh, Penn., con- 
ference aad in New York, but after his arrival in Union County he officiated 
in a clerical capacity only as a local preacher. In physique, he was large and 
portly. He was one of the original proprietors of Sumraersville; engaged, to 
pome extent, in clearing his farm; opened a store at the little village he 
helped found, and was otherwise variously engaged until 1844, when he re- 
moved to Marysville, having been elected Auditor of his county. At the ex- 
piration of two terms of service, he opened a drug store at the county seat, 
and remained in business till failing health obliged him to seek a more active 
life. He returned to his farm in York Township in 1855 or 1856, and there 
passed the remainder of his life. His children were Almira (Wall), Thomas, 
Margaret (Davis), Mary (Malin), William S., John, Helen (Smith) and Belle. 
He taught the first school at Summersville for $8 per month, and boarded him- 
self. He did more, perhaps, to build up the Methodist Episcopal Church at 
Summersville than any other member of it. He was a useful member of so- 
ciety, and exerted a wide influence. He died in July, 1873, at the age of 
seventy-three years. His wife survived until June, 1882. 

David Davis, a Pennsylvanian, came to what is now York Township in 
1833, from Harrison County, Ohio, and settled about a half mile south of 
Summersville, on Bokes Creek. He hrst purchased a small tract of land, but 
soon after increased the amount to about two hundred acres. About eight 
acres of the place had been cleared by Caleb Arahood before Mr. Davis pur- 
chased it. About the year 1841, Mr. Davis pui'chased 500 acres of uncleared 
land, about one mile south of York Center, and moved to it with his family. 
His wife was Keziah Dickson, and his children, ten in number, most of whom 
now live in York Township, were George, Eliza (Hyde), Amon, Nancy (Pat- 
rick), David, Washington, Finley, Rebecca (Storms), Susan (Moffitt), and 
Thomas. Mr. Davis was attached to rural life, and always lived on the farm. 
He was in early life an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, but 
subsequently he became a member of the United Brethren Chiu'ch, and for a 
few years preached on the circuit. He died July 16, 1878, at the advanced 
age of eighty-two years. 

Washington Gr., Elza and Amon S. Davis, three younger brothers of 
David Davis, settled in the township in 1837. Amon was married when he 
came; the other two were single. Amon S. Davis settled in Summersville, and 
worked at the carpenter trade for about three years, at the same time reading 
medicine under the instruction of Dr. Hamilton, of East Liberty. He 
then entered upon the practice of his profession at Summersville, and contin- 
ued it very successfully until 1866, when he removed to Decatur, Ind. He 
died there of milk sickness in 1874. 

Elza Davis married Elizabeth Patrick, who died a few years later. He 
afterward married Maiy Walker, of Marion. He, for awhile, followed brick- 
masonry, but has mostly given his attention to farming. He died in March, 
1882. Three children survive him. 

Washington G. Davis married Martha Ann, the daughter of James R. 
Smith, and still lives in York Township, about a half mile north of Summers- 
ville. Another brother, George Davis, settled in the township, south of Sum- 
mersville, in 1841, and died here. 

James R. Smith was one of the original proprietors of Summersville. 
He was a native of Maryland, where he was born in 1794, and emigrated to 
Ohio when a young man. He lived at Leesville, Carroll County, till 1834, 
when he came to York Township and purchasd a farm in the southwest corner 
of Survey 3,468, now the Sylvanus Taylor place. By trade he was a shoe- 
maker, and, in connection with clearing his farm, he followed bis trade. His 

28 



522 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

wife was Anna ]\Iasters, and his children William M. , Lewis G., Martha 
(Davis), Lemuel, Margaret (Roberts), Louisa (Coe), James, Susan M. (Richard- 
son), Matilda (Wood), Melissa, Thomas, Albert and Edwin. Only two of these 
now reside in York Township. At first, Mr. Smith lived in a small cabin in 
Summersville, but soon he erected and moved into a two-story hewed-log 
house. He was Justice of the Peace two terms, and an Associate Judge of the 
county for nine years. For about six years, he sold goods at Summersville, 
and was then elected Probate Judge of Union County, and served in that capa- 
city for ten years. At the expiration of this service, he returned to Summers ■ 
ville, from Marysville, and cultivated a small fruit and flower garden. Judge 
Smith was one of the leading men of York, and attained the age of eighty- 
three years. He died suddenly, of heart disease, at Summersville, September 
27, 1877. His wife died about 1850. Judge Smith had served a short time 
in the war of 1812. He is reputed to have organized, in the spring of 1836, 
at his own house, the first Sunday school in the township. 

Thomas R. Price was born in Pennsylvania December 27, 1809, and re- 
moved to Harrison County, Ohio, when a small boy. In 1836, he came to York 
Township, and settled in Summersville. He entered into several enterprises 
successively, including hotel-keeping, selling goods, running a boot and shoe 
shop, until his health failed, in 1865. He was long an invalid, and died 
March 15, 1877. 

William Kirk, who was raised near Alexandria, Md., came to the town- 
ship about 1834, and bought a little farm just east of Summersville. He 
farmed, made shoes, tailored a little, and for a few years was a local minister 
of the Methodist denomination. He lived to a good old age, and died in 1874, 
well respected by all who knew him. 

Samuel Kirk, an uncle of William, and also a prior denizen of the State 
of Maryland, came from Logan County about the same time, and engaged in 
shoe-making in Summersville. He was a migratory individual, and termi- 
nated his earthly career at Pharisburg. 

The third settlement in the township was made by George Coons, in the 
T. Bowyer Survey, No. 5,289. Mr. Coons purchased 100 acres, about two 
miles north of York Center, and in the fall of 1829 came out from his home in 
Fairfield County, and built a cabin. During the winter, he brought out 
several wagon-loads of goods, and in the spring following came with his fam- 
ily, arriving at the new home April 1, 1834. The Miller settlement, and the 
settlement just below the site of Summersville, were the only portions of the 
township occupied by settlers at this time, and the labor of cutting a wagon 
road to his home in the wilderness devolved upon Mr. Coons, and was per 
formed by arduous labor. Mr. Coons was a farmer, and spent the remainder 
of his life on the farm he first settled. He died October 19, 1856, aged 
seventy-eight years. His wife, Keziah, survived him twenty years, and died 
at the age of ninety-thi-ee. The family of the pioneer and highly-esteemed 
couple consisted of four sons and four daughters, all of whom became early 
residents of the township. The four sons, John, Thomas S., Brice and Harris, 
and two daughters, Letitia, who afterward married Levin ^Vright, and Rhoda, 
who afterward became the wife of A. G. Brooks, accompanied their parents to 
the township. The other two daughters had entei-ed married life in 1829 — 
Sally with Jacob Bollenbaugh and Allie with John Stamates. Mr. and Mrs. 
Bollenbaugh, in 1830, at the same time the Coons fauily settled here, moved 
from Fairfield County to Hancock County; but after a sojourn there of several 
years came to Y^ork Township, and settled among their friends. Mr. Bollen- 
baugh was a straightforward, industrious German, Democratic, and afterward 
Republican in politics, and, like the Coons, of the Baptist persuasion. Besides 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 523 

farming, he operated a little tannery for a time. He died a few years ago, 
leaving a family of children to possess his homestead. 

Nathaniel Brooks settled in the Coons settlement in 1832. He was from 
New York, and was class leader in the Methodist Epicopal Church. In poli- 
tics he was strongly Whig. He died in 1836, leaving a family of four sons, 
Archibald G., James, Joseph and Robert, and several daughters. Archibald 
G. was a man of prominence in the township, and died recently. 

John Stamates, hailing from Muskingum County, came with the Coons, 
and lived with them during the first year of his citizenship of York Township. 
He then bought a place in the Miller settlement, and is still living there. 

Levin Wright came from Fairfield County about 1835, and settled in the 
Coons settlement. He remained a lifelong resident of the township. By his 
first marriage — with Letitia Coons — he had three children. His second wife 
was Sally Thornton, and the children of this marriage still reside in the town- 
ship. 

Heman Tobey, in 1831, moved to the township from Saratoga County, N. 
Y. He purchased the survey of 1,000 acres in which York Center is located, 
No. 3,234, for about $1,000, and, retaining a portion for himself and his sons, 
disposed of the rest to incoming settlers. Mr. Tobey was twice married. 
His first wife was Hannah Rowland, and their children were William, Henry, 
Harlow and Rosanna (Shirk). His second wife was Mrs. Martha Tobey, the 
widow of his brother, Samuel Tobey. By her prior marriage Mrs. Tobey had 
two daughters, Melinda (Wheeler) and Amanda (Comer). The children of 
Heman's second marriage were Jane (the wife of A. E. Knox), Charles, Ema- 
line and Evangeline (wife of Robert Negley). Mr. Tobey was a shrewd, 
honest Yankee, and a member of the Baptist Church. He died while on a visit 
to some of his children, in Madison County, aged sixty-four years. 

Sarah Ann Suddith, a widow, moved with her children to the wilds of 
York Township, near York Center, in 1831 or 1832- She purchased a little 
place of fifty acres, and with the aid of her boys managed to earn from it a 
livelihood. Her children were William, Priscilla (married to Moses Dean), 
George, Jemima (married to Milton Smith) and Mary, who was the wife of 
David Davis, Jr. Mrs. Suddith afterward removed to Iowa. 

Gregory Storms, in 1833, moved from Orleans County, N. Y., with his 
wife, Melinda, and seven children, to a farm of 150 acres just north of York 
Center, and between it and Bokes Creek, which he had purchased from Henry 
Tobey for $1.25 per acre. None of it was then cleared, and he at once gave 
his entire attention to the improvement of his home, and became an indus- 
trious and well-respected citizen. He was an earnest Whig and a zealous 
Methodist. For several years the services of the little religious class, which 
he helped to organize, were conducted in his cabin. He died on the farm he 
first settled in the seventy -fourth year of his age. His children were James, 
Roxana (wife of Anion Davis), Judson, William, Joseph, Elizabeth (wife of 
John Mar), John, Harriet (wife of Lathe Richeson), Eliza (wife of Henry 
Stalder) and Gregory. The last three were born in this township. 

David Thurston, a carpenter by trade, hailing from the Empire State, 
settled, in 1834, on a portion of the Aaron Shirk farm, in Survey 3,234. He 
was a skillful craftsman, and followed his trade here for a number of years. 
He died in Liberty Township, whither he had moved. 

Hiram Parker, another early settler in the central portion of the town- 
ship, came from Meigs County, about 1833, and settled about three-fourths of 
a mile southwest from York Center. He was an industrious citizen, and one 
of the first Trustees of the township. He afterward moved away. 

Aaron Shirk was born in Hardy County, Va. In 1818, when he was eight 



524 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY 

years old, his father, Aaron Shirk, moved with his family to Ross County, 
Ohio; crossing the mountains in a tive horse team, and consuming six weeks 
on the journey. After a two years' sojourn in Ross County, Aaron Shirk, Sr. , 
moved to Liberty Township, "Union County. Here his son grew up, and spent 
his time in clearing his father's land and in hunting. Aaron Shirk, Jr., was 
married, May 9, 1833, to Rosanna Tobey. He at once purchased 145 acres 
from his father-in-law, Heman Tobey, at $1.50 per acre, north of York Center, 
built his cabin the summer of 1833, and in November of the same year settled 
on the place. His house was a hewed- log building, of superior finish for 
those times. Mr. Shirk had procui-ed the services of a competent carpenter, 
and the cabin boasted of a good board floor and three twelve- light windows — 
an unheard-of extravagance then. Most of the cabins had windows of but 
four to six panes of glass, or more probably were content with deer skin or 
oiled paper for window-panes. Mr. Shirk has ever since resided on this farm, 
engaged chiefly in farming, but at times he has followed other pursuits. He 
has made brick, burned lime, followed shoe-making, and in early times passed 
much time in the woods in quest of game. He thinks he has killed more than 
five hundred deer. He possesses an active, restless spirit, and is ill at ease 
unless actively engaged. Of his five children, only two are now living, Sarah, 
the wife of Sanford Spain, and John, of Mount Victory, 

The vote of the township in 1840 was eighty-four, about one-fourth the 
present vote. The settlers mentioned heretofore are believed to have been the 
first, and among the first, in the township. All the following were residents of 
the township prior to 1840, some of them several years before: 

James Bennett occupied the James Seran place, southeast corner of Sur- 
vey 3,468, subsequent to 1835. He came from Maryland to Tuscarawas Coun- 
ty, Ohio, thence here; was a Democrat, and removed to Missouri, where, from 
last accounts, he was still living. 

Simon Coder made the first improvements on the Samuel Johnson farm, 
in the northeast part of Survey 3,469. He came from Ross County before 
1834, purchased 150 acres and followed blacksmithing. He sold the place to 
Thomas Butterfield, and removed to near Marysville. He is now living, in his 
old age, in Taylor Township. His political affiliations were Democratic. 

Thomas Butterfield came from Hai'rison County. He was of Quaker ex- 
traction, and his political principles ranked him a Whig. He raised a large 
family and died on the place. 

John Barkdale settled in the eastern part of Sarvey 3,468, north of the 
Richwood pike, on the place now owned by James Seran. He was a Whig 
and a Methodist, and removed with his wife and a son to Iowa, after his re- 
maining children had married. 

Hiram Beal located in the northwest corner of Survey 3,470. After a 
residence here he removed to Illinois; thence to Iowa. He was a Democrat. 
His father, Nicholas Beal, was an early merchant at Summersville. Georgo 
W. Baxley was the son of George Baxley, one of the most extensive original 
land-holders of the township. George W. was raised in Baltimore, Md., and 
came West to occupy a portion of his father's possessions. He settled on 
about five hundi-ed acres, the southern part of Survey 3,238, but not being 
accustomed to the sturdy labor of a pioneer, did not reduce it to a cultivated 
state with any great rapidity. He gradually disposed of his land, and at 
length purchased a mill site at Newton, and removed to that village. 

Joseph Cahill, from the eastern part of the State, settled in the southern 
part of Survey 3,238, but did not remain long here. He was an ardent Whig. 

John Cork, in 1834 or 1835, settled on the Thomas Hamilton place, in 
the southwestern part of Survey 3,469. He came from Ross County, and died 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 525 

here. Religiously, he was a Methodist, politically a Whig. He was very in- 
genious and skillful with tools, and was successful in whatever mechanical un- 
dertaking he assumed. 

William Ennis hailed from New York. He settled on what is now the E. 
Haun place, in the northern part of Survey 3,237. He raised a family here, 
and removed to Logan County, where he died. 

Jacob Echard, a Pennsylvania German, occupied for a short time a little 
place in the southern part of Survey 3,470. When he sold, he removed to 
Darby Plains, and in a short time farther West. 

David Fulton, about 1837, came from Maryland, and settled in the north- 
west corner of Survey 3,470, where his son, William T. Fulton, now resides. 
He maintained a residence there up to the date of his death. He was straight- 
forward in all his transactions, and well liked. In early life, he had been a 
Democrat, but after the Kepublican party was organized he became a member 
of it. In religious life, he was known as a Seceder. 

Daniel Gould became an early resident in the Miller settlement, on the 
farm now occupied by Andrew McNeil. He was from New York, and after a resi- 
dence of a few years in York Township moved to Bellefontaine. John Keener, 
a German, Ross County farmer, settled, when an old man, in the southern 
part of Survey 3,470. He did not survive his emigration thither many 
years. 

James McCrea, about 1834 or 1835, came from New York, and located in 
the Miller settlement. He was well advanced in life when he came. He 
was a man of considerable intelligence, and was known as Judge McCrea. 
The title was deserved, for in New York he had won the ermine. His politics 
were Whig, and religiously he inclined toward Presbyterianism, though not a 
member of that denomination. He died in York Township. Nathan Ray- 
mond was another early settler in the Miller settlement. 

David Master, a young farmer from Tuscarawas County, settled north of 
Summersville. He was of Quaker parentage, and in a few years removed to 
the northern part of Ohio. 

Hartwell Monger became the owner and resident of a little place in the 
Coons settlement. He afterward removed to Illinois. 

William Sigler, a Marylander, came to the township a single man, soon 
after 1830. He first settled near Summersville, but afterward removed west 
of York Center, and there spent the rest of his days. He married Mary Cook, 
and left a family. His politics were Republican; his religion, Methodist. 

Adam Winters came from Maryland in 1832, and settled one mile west 
from Summersville. He married Eliza Sigler, sister to William Sigler. He 
was honest and industrious, and well respected by his neighbors. He was a 
noted hunter, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His death 
occurred in 1856. 

B. P. Wilkins and Abel Wait were early residents in the Miller' settle- 
ment. Mr. Wilkins immigrated here with his family from near Fawley, N. 
Y, He was a farmer, and died in the township October 27, 1858, aged sixty- 
six years. Mr. Wait, who entered the township about 1835, was a Yankee, 
and after a residence of some length in York, removed to Champaign 
County. 

James Whitaker settled near York Center. He came from New York, 
and from York Township emigrated to Mix^higan, where he died. 

Ephraim Yaringtou, from Carroll County, settled in the southern part of 
Survey 3,470. He reared a large family, and subsequently removed to Illi- 
nois, where he died. 

Emmet Southworth and his brothers were among: the earliest to locate in 



526 HISTORY OF UxNlON COUNTY. 

the extreme western part of the township. Emmet is now living in Logan 
County. 

Andrew McNeil came to Ihe township from Pennsylvania in the year 1839, 
and has since been a continuous resident of the township, except four years, 
when he resided in Marysville, during his two terms of office as Auditor of 
Union County. Mr. McNeil was also Commissioner of the county for six 
years. He is one of the prominent men of Union County, and holds the 
esteem of his wide circle of acquaintances. Since the organization of the 
York Presbyterian Church, in 1830, he has been a Ruling Elder. 

Robert Mcllroy came from Harrison County, in 1833, and has lived here 
most of the time since. For more than forty years he has been class leader in 
the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

William Henson, too, came in 1833, and resided about forty years in the 
township. He then went West, and died soon after. His children numbered 
twenty-one, most of whom are dead, or have gone from the township. Mr. 
Henson was an industrious and well respected citizen. 

James Seran came to York Town.ship from Cari'oll County in 1836, pur- 
chasing fifty acres of land, where he now lives, at $2 per acre. Mr. Seran 
is honest, ha,rd- working and upright, and has amassed considerable property. 
He has been a leading member of the United Brethren Church for years. 

The first settlers arrived at the township only a few years before the In- 
dians departed from this neighborhood forever; but while here they hunted 
in common with the whites. The Indians would whenever a favorable 
opportunity presented, steal coons and other game from the traps of the 
pioneers, and in return the latter paid little regard to the rights of 
the savage acquaintances. One of the foremost settlers discovered an 
Indian robbing his traps and almost at the sama instant the Indian 
espied him and sprang behind a tree. To the demand of the hunter 
to come forth, the red man made no response for awhile, but afterward 
pled the lateness of the hour of the day and the necessity of I'eaching 
his camp immediately. He sped away fleetly, leaving the trapper indignant, 
but in possession of his game. The next morning, with his brother, he started 
through the woods in search of the camp of the Indians. It was discovered in 
the lower part of Washington Township, but the Indians were not there. 
After searching in the vicinity for them, they returned to the camp, placed the 
combustible matter it contained in a heap in the center, and applied a torch. 
They lingered about till the camp was reduced to ashes, then returned home. 
The Indians were never seen or heard of afterward. Another pioneer, missing 
game from his traps, cut on the bark of a beech tree the figure of an Indian, 
bound and lashed by a white man. Soon after an Indian drew the figure of 
a white man on a tree with a bullet hole through the arm. On the same tree 
the original artist sketched a dusky savage pierced through the heart with a 
rifle ball. This was the last of the series and the Indians avoided that vicin- 
ity thereafter, it is said. 

Deer was abundant before much of the land was cleared and many of the 
settlers became very successful in hunting this and other game. Aaron Shirk, 
in his youth, was quite a huntsman. He was keen-sighted, cool, muscular and 
active. He once picked up his rifle and went out to shoot a deer. His young- 
er brother had been squirrel hunting the day before and left a light load in 
the gun. Mr. Shirk was unaware of this, and supposed the gun was heavily 
charged. He saw a large buck lying behind a log and tired, shooting it 
through the neck. The buck fell over, and, supposing he had killed it, Mr. 
Shirk rushed up to it, without reloading, and was making ready to cut its 
throat with a butcher knife he had with him when the infuriated animal, that 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 527 

had only been stunned rushed at him. The only thing to do was to seize the 
buck by the horns, and a struggle was commenced which continued an hour 
and extended over two acres of gi'ound. Once the young man, despairing of 
wearing out the strength of his foe released his hold and sprang behind a 
large oak. His dog, however, that had rendered him great service in the con- 
test sprang at the throat of the buck, which partially stumbled, and Aaron again 
entered the lists. In the contest he had lost his knife, but when the strug- 
gles of the animal became feebler through exhaustion, Mr. Shirk succeeded in 
opening his pocket knife with his teeth, and severing an artery in the neck of 
the buck. It was two weeks later when he had fully recovered from the effects 
of the battle. 

VILLAGES. 

Summersville is a little village located on Bokes Creek, in the eastern part of 
the township and in the southern part of Survey 3,468. This survey was pur- 
chased by James R. Smith, John Johnson and William Summers, and they 
were the proprietors of the town. The first two had become residents on the 
survey; Mr. Summers was a Methodist minister at Leesburg, Carroll Co., Ohio, 
and never lived in York Township. The plat was surveyed by Levi Phelps 
and recorded August 11, 1835. It comprised forty-eight lots facing on two 
streets, Main and Cross streets. When surveyed, the land was yet uncleared, 
and John Johnson felled the first timber on the site. The first cabin was 
erected by Thomas Price. It was a log cabin of the usual pattern, but soon 
after Mr. Price built a two-story hewed-log house and occupied it as propri- 
etor of the village tavern for several years. John Johnson had had an ashery 
at this place or near it before the plat was made. He was the first merchant 
in the village. His goods he purchased at Columbus and at first offered them 
for sale at his cabin. The stock consisted mainly of groceries with a few dry 
goods. John Price, the son of Thomas Price, moved to the village soon after 
it was surveyed and pursued the avocation of carpentering. William Kirk, a 
local Methodist minister, was another early arrival. He came from Carroll 
County and started the first tailor shop. After engaging in this trade for a 
number of years, he removed to a farm near Summersville with his wife Nancy 
and family, and died there in 1874, at a good old age. He was well respected 
by all who knew him. 

The proprietors were active in their endeavors to build up the town, as 
the following advertisement will certify. It was published January 28, 1842, 
in the Union Gazette of Marysville: 

Sale of Land and Town Lots. — The subscriber will offer at public sale on Friday, the 
35th of February next, lots in the town of Summersville and adjoining thereto. These 
will be laid off in tracts of various sizes, say from three to ten acres each, fronting on 
State roads, so as to suit mechanics and tradesmen, several of whom would meet with 
good employment in this new and growing community. A blacksmith, gunsmith, carpen- 
ter and joiner, cabinet-maker, wheelwright, cooper, saddler, etc., etc., are much needed. 
There are at present in the village one tannery, one boot and shoe maker, two chair and 
bedstead factories and one wagon-maker's shop; also a good saw mill within a half mile. 
Terms: One-third in hand or to be paid on the Ist of April, and the balance in two equal 
annual payments. John Johnson, Agent. 

Summersville, January 28, 1842. 

The tannery alluded to was started by John Thomas. In a few years' 
he sold it to Nicholas Beal. L. Gr. Monroe and Thomas Hyde were subse- 
quent owners. The tannery has been operated until within recent years. John 
Price had a small bedstead factory, the only one now remembered. Adam 
Hatfield probably had the first wagon shop, and Charles Bennett is believed to 
have been the first shoe-maker. 

Dr. Charles Morrow, of Summersville, was the first physician in the town- 
ship. He came from the eastern part of Ohio about 1837. He used as reme- 



628 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

dies herbs to a great extent, a system quite popular for a time in early days. 
Dr. Morrow subsequently removed to Delaware for the purpose of giving his 
children the advantages of a collegiate education. He returned, but bis 
school of medicine had lost favor with the people to a considerable extent, and 
the Doctor gave Lis attention more to farming. He died at Mount Victory. Dr. 
Amon S. Davis was a long and successful practitioner at Summereville. Dr. 
A. J. Richardson is the only resident physician of the village at present. He 
has been in continuous practice ever since 1866. Drs. G. W. Ramage, J. W. 
Reading and others have in the past practiced in this vicinitj^. 

The Summersville of to-day is of scarcely more importance than the same 
village was forty years ago. When mud roads prevailed, it was quite aj trad- 
ing point for the farmers in this part of the township, but since the construc- 
tion of good pikes the people seek larger, though more distant, towns. For- 
merly there were two flourishing stores and a hotel. Now all the mercantile 
business is transacted with A. M. Crawford. There are two blacksmith shops 
and a shoe shop, two churches and a good school in the village, and perhaps 
one hundred and fifty people. James M. Darling is the present Postmaster. 

York Lodge, No. 672, I. O. O. F., was instituted August 16, 1877. The 
charter members were L. H. Southard, Lemuel Cahill, L. W. Smith, John 
Ogan, John Sterling, William Haines and Peter Ware. The membership is 
now large and the lodge flourishing. It has a good hall. The present oflicers 
are E. R. Wilkins, N. G.; G. W. Westlake, V. G. ; S. S. Mcllroy, Rec. Sec; 
F. L. Kezertee, Per. Sec.; Dr. A. J. Richardson, Treasurer. 

York Center, comprising about fifteen dwelling houses, two stores and a 
wagon shoi^ and a blacksmith shop, is situated near the geographical center of 
the township. Prior to 1860, the site of the village was void of any build 
ings, save oae or two farm residences, but in that year Charles Corey built a 
cabin here and brought to it a general stock of goods which he arranged in a 
room of his cabin and offered for sale. Ed Cranston in a few years built a 
store-room and purchased the Corey stock of goods. One after another family 
moved in until the village attained its present size. Tbe two merchants nou 
in business here are Dexter White and George Hornbeck. 

A post office was established early in the history of the township at Jon- 
athan Miller's. The office was then kept by B. Wilkins, north of Bokes Creek, 
for many years, commencing about 1838. At his dea th, Henry Tobey, Hugh 
T. Knox and others dispensed the mail here. When the first store was opened 
at York Center, the office was brought here and kept by a succession of mer- 
chants to the present time. George Hornbeck is the present Postmaster. 

A village was platted at York Center, June 24, 1841, but it came to 
naught. 

MILLS. 

The first grist mill in the township was built by Thomas R. Price on 
Bokes Creek, just north of York Center. In order to have the convenience of 
a mill in the neighborhood, Aaron Shirk and Harrison Storms volunteered 
their assistance in erecting it. The buildinor was a hewed-loor structure. Be- 
fore it was completed, Mr. Price sold it to Joseph Cahill. It was finished by 
him about 1840, and after a few years he transferred it to H. T. Knox, who 
added steam power and a saw mill, using water power whenever available. 
This mill was conducted until within a few years. 

Thomas Price constructed a small "corn-cracker" on Bokes Creek, south of 
Summersville, near the cemetery, where he endeavored to accommodate his 
neighbors with corn grists as often as desired. In a few years, a turbulent 
freshet swept it away and the quondam owner did not replace it with another. 
Adam Winters was the possessor of a saw mill, operated by water-power, west 








JrPO-T^^l^ \J^£^-CL^-M^^/^zxJ 



^ 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 531 

of Summersville, and attached a small pair of buhrs, which, for some time, 
were patronized to some extent by the early settlers. 

An extensive tile factory, about midway between York Center and Sum- 
mersville, has been in operation about three years. It is owned by John Trem- 
ble. 

SCHOOLS. 

In York township there are now eleven school districts and eleven sub- 
stantial, well-constructed school buildings. The early schools followed closely 
the settlements as they were made in different parts of the township. Al- 
though there were no district schools in the first years of the township sup- 
ported by piiblic taxation, yet the townships were divided into districts for 
the purpose of apportioning among the different settlements, in proportion to 
the enumeration of youths, a small school fund which probably arose from the 
sale of school lands. In 1834, two districts reported to the County Clerk; 
one contained fifty-four children, the other seventy-one. In 1835, a third dis- 
trict was formed; and in 1836, a fourth, with a total enumeration in the four 
districts of 133. 

A small log structure with a huge wooden fire-place and clay chimney at 
one end, was erected at Summersville soon after the village was platted. It 
was used also as a meeting house for some time. John Johnson taught the 
first school heie, receiving $8 per month. 

In 1834, Elias Johnson taught a school in the little cabin which Samuel 
Hyde built during the summer of 1832. A schoolhouse was soon after erect- 
ed on the farm of Elias Johnson by the pioneers in the vicinity of Summers- 
ville. Elias and John Johnson taught here for a few years, until the school- 
house burned. One was then built west of Bokes Creek and one at Summers- 
ville. 

A. E. Knox was an old and faithful instructor. He taught many years in 
different districts of York. Dr. Joshua Skidmore, when a young man, taught 
here also. Miss Barber, Miss Roxy Munger and Miss Elizabeth Whittaker 
were also- early teachers. Miss Penny, from Darby Plains, taught the first 
school near York Center in a log schoolhouse which stood a short distance 
north of the Center, on the south bank of Bokes Creek. John Sterling soon 
after had a school about two miles north of York Center, on Levin Wright's 
farm. Miss Fenner and Mrs. Mary Johnson were among the earliest of precep- 
tresses of the York Township youth. The latter received for her services $1 
per scholar for the term, payable in corn, potatoes and coon skins, the latter 
being rated at '25 cents each. 

The following is related of the first school in the Miller settlement: "In 
1838, the children in the Miller settlement had so increased as to raise the 
question — how shall these children be educated ? A young man in their 
midst was willing to teach for moderate pay, but there was no schoolhouse. 
This difficulty was soon solved. Mr. Joseph Miller generously offered the use 
of his residence during the usual school hours of the day. This offer was ac- 
cepted. The seminary was opened, and morning after morning during the 
term IVEr. Miller and his aged companion rose early, did up their morning 
work, ate their breakfast, arranged the seats for school, and then left the 
house and hied their way to their eldest son's residence, and returned again in 
the evening after school was dismissed. Thus, day after day was the labori- 
ous, self-denying, monotonous drudgery performed by this aged pair for the 
benefit of others." 

CHURCHES. 

In York Township there are three congregations and three church edi- 
fices of the Methodist Episcopal denomination, known as the Summersville, 



532 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

McKendree and Bethel Churches. The Summersville class was the lirst relig- 
ious society in the township. It was organized in the winter of 1835, at Sum- 
mersville, by Rev. E. T. Webster, with about twenty-five members. Among 
the prominent early members were John Johnson, William Kirk, James R. 
Smith and Robert McElroy. John Johnson was the first class leader. The 
services for several years were held in the dwelling houses of some of the 
members, but in a short time a log meeting house was erected on the lot where 
the present church stands. The lot was donated to the church by William 
Summers. This rude church structure continued to serve as a place of wor- 
ship until 1856, when a frame church was erected at the same place. It in 
turn gave place a few years ago to a new, neat and comfortable frame edifice, 
surmounted by beli'ry and bell, erected at a cost. of about $2,200, under the 
pastorate of Rev. Solomon Lindsley. The present membership of this society 
is about sixty. Rev. J. W. Donnon is the minister in charge. The circuit 
of which this congregation is a part includes three other charges — McKendree, 
Byhalia and Bethel. An interesting and instructive Sabbath school is regu- 
larly maintained. 

The McKendi'ee society was organized about 1838, at the residence of 
Gregory Storms. Besides Gregory, David Davis and Henry Tobey were the 
principal original members. Other early members were Harrison Storms, 
William Tobey, Abel Waites, John Sterling, David Sterling, Elizabeth Hyde 
and Margaret Brooks. Revs. Kimber and Phillips were among the earliest 
ministers in charge. Like most early churches, meetings for a few years 
were held at the cabins of the members. ?^bout 1841, a log church was reared 
on the site of the present church, which was built about 1858. It stands 
near the center of the township between York Center and Bokes Creek. A 
steeple and bell have been added since. The society is in a prosperous con- 
dition and contains a membership of more than one hundred and twenty-five, 
divided into six classes. Since the first church was built, a Sabbath school 
has been held each summer, and for the last few years without any intermis- 
sion. 

Bethel Methodist Episcopal Chui'ch is located in the extreme western 
part of the township, three miles west from York Center, and the society that 
worships here is of more recent date than the other two of the same denomi- 
nation in this township. A society formerly existed, which worshiped in a 
brick church some distance south of the present edifice, and when the building 
became old and dilapidated, it was pronounced unsafe, and the society divided, 
a fraction afiiliating with the Methodist Church at West Mansfield, the re- 
mainder forming a new society. Rev. Joseph Avery Wright was the first min- 
ister. This was about 1870. A commodious frame structure was erected and 
dedicated by Rev. Alexander Harmount, then Presiding Elder of the district. 
The membership was small at first, but has increased to about thirty-five. A 
union Sabbath school has been held since the erection of the church. Spain 
Skidmore is the present Superintendent. 

The York Township Free- Will Baptist Church was organized at the house 
of George Coons, June 29, 1839. The discourse was delivered by Elder David 
Dudley, and thirteen persons presented themselves, and entered into a chm-ch 
covenant. They were George Coons, Aaron Shirk, Thomas S. Coons, Jacob 
Bollenbaugh, Levin Wright, Keziah Coons, Rosanna Shirk, Rebecca Coons, 
Sarah Bollenbaugh, Letitia Wright, Elizabeth Sowthers, Sophrona Scudder 
and Nancy Thornton. The early meetings were held at the house of George 
Coons. Thomas S. Coons was appointed clerk. Elder David Dudley was the 
first pastor. He preached once a month and received $30 per year for his serv- 
ices. He closed his labors with the church in January, 1850, after a 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 533 

pastorate of nearly eleven years. In October, 1849, the congregation, in 
order to meet the salary of their pastor and pay the expenses of the 
church, unanimously agreed that each able-bodied brother should pay $1 
per year and each sister 50 cents, and in addition each member should 
pay one-eighth per cent of the value of all his property, above bis liabilities. 
In April, 1850, Kindall Higgins was elected pastor at $25 salary per annum. 
He removed to the West in the spring of 185(3, having remained in charge of 
the congregation up to that time. Under his charge, the fii'st meeting hous^ 
was built. It stood in the northern part of the township in Survey 5, 289, and 
on a lot donated to the church by James G. Paxton and others, residents of 
Virginia, under deed dated May 27, 1851. A building committee had been 
appointed March 29, 1851. The dedication sermon was delivered on the sec- 
ond Saturday of February, 1853, by Elder O. E. Baker, fx-om Kings Iviii, 8. 
In July, 1856, Elder Collier was elected pastor at a salary of $50. December 
12, 1857, G. W. Baker was elected to the pastorate. Two years later, El- 
der William Cook became the minister and remained in charge three years. 
He was succeeded in 1862 by Elder J. L. Collier. About 1865, Elder B. F. 
Zell entered into a pastoral relation with the church that continued for al- 
most fourteen years. 

In 1873, the congregation erected a new house of worship at an expense 
of $1,053. It stands some distance east of the old church on a lot donated to 
the church by Levin Wright. It is a neat and comfortable frame structure. 
J. H. Baldwin succeeded Elder Zell in 1879, and remained with the church 
one year. Elder Leander Johnson then served the congregation a year and 
was followed by Elder J. B. Lash, who preached for eighteen months. Elder 
Kindall Higgins, in October, 1882, was elected pastor and now supplies the 
church. The membership is forty. David L. Tusing is the present clerk. A 
Sabbath school was organized many years ago and is held throughout the en- 
tire year. 

The first Presbyterian Church of York Township is located near the north- 
eastern corner of the township in the Joseph Miller Survey. The first preaching 
in the vicinity was by Rev. William D. Smith, then of Marysville, Ohio, in the 
Marion Presbytery. The congregation was organized at the house of Beriah P. 
Wilkins, November 9, 1839, by Revs. William D. Smith and William M Gal- 
breath, the latter of Milford Center. The following were then and there re- 
ceived on certificate: Andrew McNeil, Mary McNeil, Dennis Mears, Lucy Ann 
Mears, Mrs. Amanda Wilkins, Adelaine Gould, Miriam Lister, Martha Ray- 
mond, Ambrose C. and Mary Jane Raymond, Hannah Cahill, Jane Graham, 
and John and Catherine Keanor, Jemima Miller was received on examination. 
The same day, Andrew McNeil and Dennis Mears were elected Ruling Elders. 
Rev. W. D. Smith became the stated supply and preached about every seventh 
Sabbath and about as often on week days until the spring of 1841. For a 
year the congregation was then without a regular supply, though there was 
occasional preaching. Rev. Cephas D. Cook supplied the church for two 
years from April, 1842-44. During the summer of 1845, Rev. James Robin- 
son, then in his seventy-seventh year, spent alterate Sabbaths with the church. 
In 1846, he resumed charge, preaching every fourth Sabbath for six months. 
In November, in that year. Rev. James Campbell visited the church, and on 
invitation preached for the congregation one year. In the spring of 1848, 
Rev. James A. Sterrett was appointed supply and served till the autumn of 
1849. Rev. James Smith, of Marysville, then devoted a portion of his time 
to the church till the spring of 1855. Rev. Heniy Hess preached alternate 
Sabbaths for a year, beginning April, 1856. The church was then occasion- 
ally served by Rev. John W. Drake and others for a year, and in May, 1858, 



534 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Rev. Evan Evans became stated supply, serving until September, 1860. Rev. 
Henry Vandeman vv^as stated supply from April, 1861, to April, 1865; Rev. 
Alexander S. Thorne, from April, 1865, to October, 1869; Henry Shedd, from 
May, 1870, to the spring of 1873, preaching each alternate Sabbath in sum- 
mer and occasionally in winter. John W. Thompson preached during the 
summer of 1873. Nearly every Sabbath during the following winter the pul- 
pit was vacant. In the summer of 1874, Rev. Henry Shedd returned. In 
^pril, 1875, Rev. Charles S. Wood commenced his labors in this church in 
connection with the Richwood Presbyterian Church, and served until January, 
1876. In November of that year. Rev. Charles W. Torrey began a pastorate 
which continued three years, devoting one-half his time to this church. Rev. 
William G. Marsh is the present pastor. The first meetings were held chiefly 
at the dwelling houses of Joseph Miller, Beriah Wilkins and James McCrea, 
but after a few years the services were transferred to the Miller Schoolhouse 
and conducted there until the first church edifice was erected in 1855. It was 
a frame building, 28x40, built on a lot of ground donated to the church by 
Beriah "Wilkins and was dedicated in February, 1855, by Rev. James Smith, 
assisted by Rev. James A. Sterrett. This house of worship remained in use 
until the fall of 1882. Diu*ing the summer of 1882, a tasty, well-finished and 
handsome frame church was erected on the same lot where the old church 
building stood. It is 32x48 feet in size, and was constnicted at a cost of about 
$2,300. The principal contributors to the erection of this house of worship 
w^ere Andrew McNeil, W^illiam T. Fulton, John Sterling, William McGinnis, 
Sylvanus Taylor, Isaac Cahill, Benton Cahill, Anthony Middlesworth, Uriah 
Cahill, and J3enjamin Thomas. It was dedicated November 5, 1882, by Dr. 
Taylor, of Wooster University, from first Kings, vi, 7. 

Andrew McNeil and Dennis Mears remained the only Ruling Elders until 
1851, when John E. Cahill was added to the number. January 5,1857, Rich- 
ard McEldery and Charles E. Wilkins were elected additional Elders. In 1865. 
Dennis Mears removed to Illinois, and Richard McEldery to Allen County, Ohio, 
but their places in the session were not filled. In 1874, the congregation 
fixed the term of service of Elders at three years. It had previously been for 
life or until removal for cause. In 1844, Uriah Cahill was elected and re- 
elected in 1877 and 1880. Charles W^ilkins and Andrew McNeil have also been 
re-elected and are also members of the session. The latter has served as Elder 
since the organization of the church, an uninterrupted term of over fifty three 
years. In 1879, William McElroy was elected as Elder. 

The congregation has a substantial membership of about forty, and is 
in all respects a flourishing society. Its membership was greatest about 1864. 
Since that time there has been a considerable emigration from the church to 
the West. During the summers, a Sabbath school has been regularly main- 
tained since the organization of the church. 

Mt. Pleasant United Brethren Church is situated about a mile south of 
York Center. The society was organized about 1850, through the eff'orts of 
Rev. Frederick Hendricks. Its early membership was drawn largely from the 
Methodist society at York Center. The first meetings of the newly formed 
class were held in Henry Tobey's blacksmith shop and in the neighboring 
schoolhouse, but within a short time a hewed log house was built, finished in 
primitive style with plank seats, most of them without backs. Henry Tobey, 
David Davis, Amon Davis, George Davis, Sr., and their families, William 
Tobey. William Henson and family were early members. The old church stood 
on the land of William Murphy, and was used only ten or twelve years, when 
the present handsome frame edifice was erected on land donated by Casper 
Stalder, through the eflbrts and contributions of William Henson, Judson 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 535 

Storms, Amon Davis, David Davis and the citizens residing in the vicinity. 
The membership now includes about seventy souls. Summersville Circuit, to 
which this church belongs, comprises, besides it, Mt. Zion, Darby and West 
Manslield Churches. David Davis, one of the first members, was a local pi'each- 
er and served on this circuit for several years. 

The United Brethren Church at Summersville was organized about 1850 
in the Hyde Schoolhouse. A building was commenced here, but Summers- 
ville, upon reconsideration, was deemed a better site and the building was 
removed and completed there. It is a frame and is still in use and has re- 
cently been refitted and repaired. The society was once strong. Among the 
earlier members were Moses Horn and wife, George Davis and wife, James 
Meadles and wife, Ephraim Yarington, wife and sons and the Keeners. Owing 
to removals of members from the township and deaths, the membership has 
been greatly reduced, and is now quite small. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

P. C. ADAMS, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Fayette County, Ohio, September 17, 
1824, and is a son of Charles and Mary (Cline) Adams, the former a native of Delaware, of En- 
glish descent, and the latter a native of Pennsylvania, of Dutch descent. The father was a 
farmer and stock dealer, and for fourteen years made a business of driving cattle from Fayette 
County to the markets at Cincinnati. Our subject was reared on a farm and received such ad- 
vantages of education as were at hand for farm boys at an early day. He has been a life-long 
farmer and has met with success in all of his farm operations. He has resided in York Town- 
ship since 1862, at which time he came, with his family, as a paroled prisoner. He enlisted in 
the Ninetieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, was taken prisoner and paroled in Kentucky in 1862. 
He afterward enlisted in the Eighth Indiana Volunteers, and was detailed Commissary Ser- 
geant and wounded in 1864 while guarding a railroad train. He is a stanch Republican in 
politics, but, being a quiet, unobtrusive man, has never aspired to official position and has had 
no such honors bestowed on him by his party. He is a representative man of his township, the 
owner of 168 acres of well-cultivated land and has made his possessions by his own personal ef- 
forts. He was married, in 1858, to Lenora Green, a native of Logan County, Ohio, and a 
daughter of Rev. Thomas Green. By this union eight children were born, six surviving, viz.: 
Indiana, wife of Washington Patree ; Nancy, wife of William Johnson ; Lydia A., wife of Rich- 
ard Harris; Maria Ellen, wife of H. Henson ; Armetha M., wife of C. Bennett ; and Charles W. 

JOSEPH T. ATHA, farmer, P. 0. West Mansfield. Thomas Atha, father of the subject of 
this sketch, was born in Maryland, in 1786, and with his parents, removed to Loudoun County, 
Virginia, where he married, probably in the year 1804, Miss Abigail Miller, by whom he had 
fourteen children, eight of whom are now living, viz.: John, William, Sarah, Elizabeth, Joseph 
T., Nancy A., Simeon L. and Thomas. In 1810, he emigrated to Champaign County, Ohio, 
where he remained but a few months. In the spring of 1811, he moved to Logan County and 
settled in the woods in Monroe Township. During the war of 1812, he enlisted in the service 
as Drum-Major, fcr three months, and for his services, from the Government, received a grant of 
land in Illinois. A short time after he had settled in Logan County, Mrs. Atha, who still resides 
there, one day had occasion to gather some ginseng, the root of which was then in demand for 
medicinal purposes ; she was accompanied by two faithful curs, who on their way encountered 
a wolf, and after a long struggle, with her assistance, they succeeded in destroying the beast. 
The Government, at that time, paid a reward of $10 for every wolf scalp that was brought 
to Urbana, where she forthwith took the scalp and received her reward. With the many priva- 
tions of life which they encountered, by faithful adherence to business and to habits of industry, 
they succeeded in making for themselves and family a comfortable home. Mr. Atha died in 
October, 1870; his widow still survives him, now in her ninety-sixth year, and though old, she 
has retained her reason and memory uncommonly well for one of her age. Our subject was 
born in Logan County, Ohio, .January 23, 1827, and received a good common school education. 
When twenty years of age, he came to Union County and began school teaching, in which he 
continued, alternately, for perhaps thirteen years. For his first teaching he received |10 
per month, which was considered very good wages, but during the latter part of his teaching he 
received as high as f25 per month ; " and at these prices made and saved enough 
money to make the first payment on his land." On May 8, 1850, he was united in marriage 
v?ith Miss Nancy A. Skidmore, who was born February 8, 1832, in Logan County. She was a 
daughter of Joshua and Hope Skidmore, who were early settlers in Logan County. To them 
have been born eight children — Sarah E., David P., Henry C, Mary F., Hope A., Charity D., 
Orinda J. and Rachel, the latter two of whom are deceased ; he is also rearing as his own his 
grandchild, Ida M. AVilgus, daughter of Lorenzo D. and Orinda J. Wilgus, the latter being the 



536 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

eldest daughter of our subject, and having been wedded to her husband but eleven months, died. 
In 1856, Mr. Atha settled in the southwestern portion of York Township, Union County, where 
he now resides. Mr. and Mrs. Atha, with their four oldest children, are members of the M. E. 
Church. He has served as School Director many years, and is the owneu of eighty-two acres of 
land. 

AMOS W. BALLINGER, farmer, P. 0. West Mansfield. Thomas Ballenger, deceased, 
father of our subject, was born February 18, 1826, in Logan County, Ohio, he was a son of 
Caleb Ballinger, deceased, and Rebecca Ballinger, his mother at present" residing with Mr. 
Isaac Dalley, of this township. For his first wife, in Logan County, he married Mary A. Harvey ; 
nine of their children are now living — Alonzo H., Eliza .J., Caleb E., Rebecca E., Hannah W., 
William B., Alice L., Amos W. and George M. After her decease in December, 1862, he mar- 
ried Christena Bechtel, who was born January 16, 184o, in Fairfield County, Ohio; her parents 
were Andrew and INIagdalena Bechtel. By her he had four children, two of whom are still 
living — Andrew S. and John E. He was a member of the M. E. Church, and died March 25, 
1878. He left 111 acres of land to his widow who survives him and resides in the western por- 
tion of York Township. Our subject was born in Union County, Ohio, August 8, 1857. On 
September 16, 1876, he was united in marriage to Miss Eleanor Winner who was born in Febru- 
ary, 1857; she was a daughter of John and Margaret Winner — both deceased — of Logan County. 
To them has been born one child, viz.. Mary M., born May 7, 1878. Mr. Ballinger is a mem- 
ber of the M. E. Church, a Republican, and the owner of seventy acres of land. 

JONATHAN BEARD, farmer, P. 0. York. Our subject was born in Delaware (now Morrow) 
County, Ohio, October 2, 1820; he is a son of Victor and Mary A. Beard, natives of New York 
State, who were married in Delaware County, Ohio, and were the parents of five children, two 
of whom are now living, viz.: Jonathan and Joseph. About the year 1854, they came to Union 
County, where they remained until their decease, the former in September, 1855, and the latter 
in June, 1876. Jonathan, on July 30, 1846, was married to Miss Polly Stevens, who was born 
June 28, 1830 ; she was a daughter of Elijah and Phoebe Stevens, of Knox County, Ohio. To 
them have been born eight children — Coraelia, Elizabeth A., Mary E. , James J. N., Philander 
W., Clara B., Jonathan C. and one deceased. In 1848. he came to Leesburg Township, Union 
County, and aftpr living in different portions of Union County, he finally, in the autumn of 1881, 
settled in York Township, where he now resides. Mr. Beard is a member of the M. E. Church, 
and the owner of over eighty acres of land. 

LEVI H. BECHTEL, farmer, P. 0. Richwood. The subject of this sketch was born Decem- 
ber 23, 1842, in Fairfield County, Ohio; his parents are David Bechtel (deceased) and Matilda 
Bechtel. When five years of age his father died, and a short time after, with his mother, he 
moved to Delaware County, where he remained until the spring of 1875, when he came to 
Union County. On October 8, 1865, he married Miss Nancy J. Mills, who was born October, 
1842, and was daughter of the late Rev. Pierson IMills, of Deliware County. By this union 
there has been an issue of three children — Charles W., born March 2, 1876; Rosa B., born 
August 2, 1877, and Frank C., born July 13, 1878. Mr. Bechtel was one of the incorporators of 
the Union County Farmers' Insurance Company, and at present is one of the Directors. He is 
also serving as trustee of York Township, and is connected with the Richwood Importing Com- 
pany. He is a Democrat, the owner of ninety- seven acres of land and resides in the northern 
portion of York Township. 

L. W. BOLENBAUGH, farmer, P. 0. York. The subject of this sketch was born in 
Union County, Ohio, December 18, 1836; he is a son of .Jacob Bolenbaugh (deceased) and Sarah 
Bolenbaugh, natives of Pennsylvania, who with their parents come to Ohio when quite young. They 
were married in Fairfield County, Ohio, March 20, 1830. In 1834, they came to Union County 
and settled in York Township, where our subject now resides. In August, 1878, Jacob departed 
this life, respected by all who knew him; his widow survives him and resides at the home of our 
subject. They were the parents of three children — Lewis F., David D. and L. W. Our subject 
was reared on a farm and received but a limited education. On October 1, 1860, he was united 
in marriage to Miss Alvira Harris, who was born July 6, 1840, and was a daughter of Jacob 
and Elizabeth Harris. To them have been born five children — David C, Howard (de- 
ceased), Ida, Otis G. and Maud. In March, 1865, he enlisted in the One Hundred and 
Ninety-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was employed principally in doing garrison duty. He 
received an honorable discharge in September, 1865. Mr. Bolenbaugh is one of the incorpora- 
tors of the Union County Farmers' Insurance Company, and is the owner of 118 acres of land in 
a high state af cultivation. 

URIAH CAHILL, farmer, P. 0. York, was born in Claibourne Township, on the Cahill 
homestea(l, in this county, December 29, 1841. In 1839, his parents, John E. and Hannah 
Cahill, came to Union County, and settled near Fulton Creek, in Claibourne Township. Uriah, 
in his youth devoted his time principally to farming, and obtaining a good English education. 
In September, 1862, he enlisted in the Thirty first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Third Division, 
Fourteenth Corps, Army of the Cumberland, and participated in nearly all the battles in which 
Gen. Thomas' command was engaged; also the Atlanta campaign, and in Sherman's grand march 
to the sea. He remained with Sherman's army until the close of the war, and was honorably 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 537 

discharged in July, 1865, at Camp Chase, Ohio. On March 3, 1864, while home on veteran 
furlough, he married Isabel Worbs, a daughter of Laban H. and Martha J. Worbs, of Union 
County, and a sister of Mrs. Lemuel Cahill. To them have been born two children — James C 
and Isaac J. In August, 1868, he settled in the southern poriion of York Township, of which 
he has served as Trustee several years. In the fall of 1881, he was elected for three years a 
County Commissioner, the duties of which ofBce he is performing with credit to himself and the 
county. In June, 1881, he was elected the first President of the Union County Farmers' Insurance 
Company, and in June, 1882, was re-elected to the same office. He is a member of the F. & 
A. M. society, and of the Presbyterian Church at York Center, and the owner of a fine farm of 
220 acres. 

LEMUEL CAIIILL, farmer, P. O. York, was born in Claibourne Township, on the Cahill 
homestead, about four miles west of Richwood, January 12, 1847. His parents were John E. 
and Hannah Cahill, of whom we have made mention in another portion of this work. After 
receiving a rudimentary education, he attended, for nine months, a high school at MarysviiJe. 
and during the latter portion of 1867, and beginning of 1868, he attended, for six months, the 
Ohio Business College at Delaware, from which institution he received a diploma.. On May 23, 
1870, he married Miss Mary F. Worbs, daughter of Laban H. and Martha J. Worbs. They had 
two children — Cora B., born November 25, 1871, died July 8, 1872, and John H., born March 
25, 1873. In 1871, Mr. Cahill settled in the southern portion of York Township, near where he 
now resides. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. Lodge, and the owner of 241 acres of tillable 
land. 

GEORGE W. COONS, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born in Union 
County, Ohio, July 29, 1840. His parents were Thomas S. Coons and Rebecca Coons, the latter 
now deceased. In December, 1861, he enlisted in the Eighty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and 
was attached to the Army of West Virginia. He participated in the battles of Cedar Mountain, 
Cross Keys, Sulphur Springs, and the second battle of Bull Run, where he received a wound in 
the left leg, which terminated in a thigh amputation. On the battle-field he was taken prisoner 
by the confederates, and left eight days without food. He, however, finally was properly ex- 
changed, and was honorably discharged from the service on November 25, 1862. On January 
25, 1872, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary A. Elliott, who was born January 26, 1849, 
in Portage County, Ohio ; she is a daughter of Wilkinson and Sarah Elliott. To them have been 
born four children, three of whom are now living — Orville F., Orland T., an infant and one de- 
ceased. Mr. (]oons has served as Asses.sor of York Township; has been successful in business, 
and is the owner of a fine farm of 158 acres of land. He resides in the northern portion of York 
Township. 

STERLING F. COONS, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born in 
Union County, Ohio, September 6, 1847; is a son of Thomas S. and Rebecca (deceased) Coons. 
From his youth, he has devoted his attention principally to agricultural pursuits. On July 25, 
1870, he married Mi-s Hope Haines, who was horn June 9, 1852, in Union County, Ohio. She 
is a daughter of Jonathan and Mary (dece rsed) Haines. For ten years subsequent to his marriage, 
he resided near Rush Creek, in Washington Township, but in the spring of 1880 he locaied in 
the homestead farm in the northern portion of York Township. Politically, he is a Repub- 
lican, and he is the owner of 150 acres of land in a good state of cultivation. 

N. H. COONS, farmer, P. 0. York, was born in Licking County, Ohio, April 18, 1825, and 
is a son of George and Keziah Coons, who settled in York Township in 1830. His father 
filled several important offices in the township and died in 1856, respected by all who knew 
him. On May 15, 1852, he married Miss Fidelia Phelps, who was born in 1831 ; her father was 
a Baptist minister and a very active member of society. They have had eight children, of 
whom four are now living — Cynthia A., Jason, James and Mary I. Mr. Coons resides on his 
farm in the northern portion of York Township. 

JOHN M. CURL, farmer, P. O. West Mansfield. The subject of this sketch was born 
November 18, 1828, in Logan County, Ohio. His parents were James R. Curl (deceased) and 
Louisa Curl, both natives of Viiginia. He was rearod to man's estate on a farm and received 
the rudiments of an English education in a district school. On March 13, 1856, he was united 
in marriage to Miss Caroline M. Munsell, who was born December 15, 1836, in Lorain County, 
Ohio ; she was a daughter of Alvin and Mary Munsell. To them have been born eight chil- 
dren, viz.: Louisa, born April 26, 1857: James N., born November 30, 1858; Emily E., born 
.lune 2,1861, died December 5, 1862; Clement L., born January 1, 1864 ; Robert P., born Au- 
gust S, 1866; Nellie C, born August 20, 1868; Huldah E., born September 15, 1871 ; and 
Charlie, born March 4, 1877. Mr. Curl resides in the western portion of York Township and 
is the owner of seventy-two acres of land. 

JEREMIAH M. DANFORTH. farmer, P. 0. Raymond. The subject of this sketch was 
born June 18, 1825, in Licking County, Ohio ; he is a son of David and Anne Danforth, who 
emigrated from Vermont to Licking County, Ohio, in 1817. They remained in Licking County 
until 1837, in which year they came to Union County. They were the parents of seven children 
three of whom are now living, viz. : Bliss, .lulia, and Jeremiah M. Our subject has from his 
youth been engaged in thepursuits of agriculture, and he received but a rudementary education. 



538 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

On October 14. 1847, he was united in marriage with Miss Polly A. Smith, who was born March 
24, 1823 ; she was a daughter of Charles and Sarah Smith, of whom we have made mention in 
this work. To them were born four children, viz. : Thomas C, born September 14, 1848; Eliza 
J., born May 22, 1851 ; Sarah A., born February 27, 1855; and David S., born January 24, 1861. 
Mr. Danforth for more than one-ihird of a century enjoyed with his faithful wife the pleasures 
of married life, when on Decembe-- 26, 1881, death called her away ; she left behind her a 
wealth of love and affection, and will not soon be forgotten by the loved ones who mourn their 
irretrievable loss. For several years Mr. Danforth served as Justice of the Peace in Taylor 
Township. He is a member of F. & A. M. lodge and the owner of 72J acres of land. 
He resides in the southern portion of York Township. He had two brothers.'who participated 
in the war of the late rebellion; his father, David, was a soldier of the war of 1812, and his grand- 
father, Peter Danforth, was a valiant soldier of the Revolutionary war. 

JAMES M. DARLING, Notary Public and insurance agent, P. 0. Bokes Creek. The sub- 
ject of this sketch was born in Windsor County, Vt., April 25, 1817, and in September, 1836, 
with the Stoddard family, he left Vermont for Ohio. Their journey was long and tedious, trav- 
elintt by stage, by the Erie Canal and by Lake Erie. After many disappointments and having en- 
dured many privations, they finally, over muddy roads and through inclement weather, by way 
of Columbus, arrived at Woodstock, Champaign County, which was their destination. For per- 
haps ten years he resided in Woodstock, the first three years of which during the summer 
months he worked on a farm and in the winter taught school. For the following seven years he 
engaged in the boot and shoe making, having learned the trade with his father when a young 
man. In 1840, he married .Jane Harvey, daughter of Erastus Harvey (a Baptist preacher), and 
Ann Harvey, both of whom are deceased. To them were born three children, viz. : Charles W., 
John R., and Elizabeth. Mrs. Darling died June 3, 1845, and in February, 1849, he married 
Mary A. Shirk, by whom he had three children, viz. : David 0., Alice M. and Joseph M. His 
second wife died April 23, 1865, and on November 12, 1865, he married for his third wife Amy 
Wavford, widow of the late Joseph Warford. In 1846, he left Woodstock for Middletown, 
where he followed his trade for five years and from there he moved to a farm in Paint Township, 
Madison County, where he remained until he came to Union County. He first located in Lib- 
erty Township, but in October, 18G5, he came to Summersville, York Township, where he now re- 
sides, and is engaged in the boot and shoe business. In .lanuary, 1869, he was appointed Post- 
master, and is still serving as such ; for many years he has been a Notary Public and Commis- 
sioner of Deeds. Mr. Darling takes considerable interest in literary matters, one of his produc- 
tions being a brief but valuable history of York Township published in 1876. He is a member of 
the Christian Church. 

ELZA H. DAVIS (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born December 9, 1816, in 
Pennsylvania. His parents were David and Elizabeth Davis. When a young man, he came to 
Ohio, and in October, 1846, in Marion County, he was joined in matrimony to Miss Mary E. 
Walker, who was born October 16, 1829. She was a daughter of James and Elizabeth Walker, 
natives of Delaware, who came to Pickaway and subsequently to Marion County at quite an early 
day. By this union there has been an issue of seven children, three of whom are now living, 
viz. : Elza C, James E. and George D. Shortly after the date of his marriage he came to Union 
County, and settled in the northeastern portion of York Township, where he remained until 
his decease. He was an affectionate husband and father, and esteemed by all who knew him. 
In his death Union County lost one of her most energetic and best citizens. He left to his 
widow, who still resides where he settled, 285 acres of land. 

DAVID B. DAVIS, farmer, P. 0. York. George Davis, the father of the subject of this 
sketch, was born in Pennsylvania, August 23, 1816, and in 1821, with his parents, David and 
Keziah Davis, he came to Harrison County, Ohio, where they remained until 1833, in which year 
they came to Union County and settled in York Township. He married in Union County Miss 
Nancy Hyde, daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth Hyde (deceased). Two of their children are 
now living, viz. : David B. and Mary E. He is a member of the M. E. Church and the owner 
of 170 acres of land, and resides at York Center. Our subject was born in Union County, Ohio, 
September 24, 1834. On January 9, 1858, he was united in marriage to Miss Jane Miller, who 
was born in September, 1837, in Union County. In the spring of 1867, he settled in the south- 
ern portion of York Township, where he now resides, and where he owns 150 acres of land. 

AMON DAVIS, farmer, P. 0. York. The subject of this sketch was born in Washington 
County, Penn., July 23, 1819, and when two years of age, with his parents, David and 
Keziah Davis, he came to Harrison County, Ohio. In 1833, with them, he came to Union 
County, where they remained until their decease ; the former in .lune, 1878, and the latter in 
December of the same year. Of a family of ten children, eight are now living, viz. : George, 
Eliza, Amon, David, Washington, Susan, Finley D. and Thomas. On January 18, 1844, our 
subject was united in the bonds of matrimony with Miss Roxana Storms, daughter of Gregory 
and Melinda Storms. To them were born two children — Melinda and Oliver B. She died in 
October, 1876, and he subsequently married Mrs. Roxana Brooks, widow of the late James 
Brooks. Mr. Davis has served as Trustee of York Township and is a member of the United 
Brethern Church. He is the owner of 160 acres of land. 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 541 

OLIVER B. DAVIS, farmer, P. 0. York, was born in Uuion County, Ohio, December 22, 
1847. His parents are Amon and Roxana (deceased) Davis, whose biography appears in this 
work. In his youth he received but a rudimentary education. In December, 1871, he married 
Miss Rebecca VanVorhiss, daughter of Peter and Matilda VanVorhiss, of Logan County, Ohio. 
This union has been blessed with two children, of whom one is now living, viz.: Oral F., born 
July 29, 1881. Mr. Davis, as an agriculturist, has been quite successful, having plenty of 
energy and industrious habits, traits which characterize the Davis family. He has a fine farm 
of 175 acres, on which he has built a commodious residence. 

GEORGE H. DILSAVER (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born in Fairfield 
County, Ohio, April 20, 1812. His parents were George and^lizabeth Dilsaver, both natives 
of Virginia. When a boy, with his parents, he moved to Delaware County, where he married in 
October, 1835, Miss Rachel Deeker, who was born in March, 1813 ; she was a daughter of 
Joseph and Elizabeth Deeker, who were natives of Virginia. To them were born live chil- 
dren, three of whom are now living, viz.: George T., Joseph and Austin. After his marriage he 
settled in Delaware County, where he remained until his decease, October 7, 1844. His widow 
continued to reside in Delaware County until November, 1874, when she, with her son Joseph, 
came to Union County and settled in the northern part of York Township, where they now re- 
side and where they have a farm of 145 acres. 

FRANCIS M. DRAKE (deceased). Chordy Drake, father of the subject of this sketch, was 
born in North Carolina, and came to Warren County, Ohio, at an early day. In Logan County he 
married Miss Sarah James, by whom he had eight children, of whom four are yet living. About 
the year 1834, he settled in York Township, Union County, near the boundary line of Logan 
County, where he remained until a short time prior to his decease. After spending a life of 
usefulness, respected by all who knew him, he quietly passed away in June, 1878, at the home 
Thomas Skidmore, in York Township. His faithful consort survived him but a short time, she 
having departed this life in July, 1880. The subject of this sketch was born August 14, 1828, 
in Warren County, Ohio, and when four years of age, with his parents, came to Logan County 
and located near East Liberty, where they, however, remained but a short time, when they set- 
tled in Union County, as aforementioned. On February 28, 1850, he married Miss Mary Har- 
riman, who was born July 20, 1831, in Logan County, Ohio ; she was a daughter of Simpkin and 
Sarah Harriman, her father a native of Virginia, and her mother a native of Pennsylvania ; they 
came to Logan County, Ohio, in quite an early day. This union has been blessed with three chil- 
dren, of whom two are now living — Chordy L. and John T. Shortly after their marriage, they set- 
tled in the western portion of York Township, on the farm where the widow still resides. He had 
served as Trustee of York Township, and was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. On May 
15, 1880, he departed this life, respected by all who knew him. JohnT. Drake, one of the sonsof 
our subject, was born October 1. 1853, in Union County, Ohio, and is at present residing on the 
homestead farm. On December 25, 1875, he married Miss Mary M. Henry, who was born in Lo- 
gan County, July 30, 1858; she is a daughter of George W. and Margaret (deceased) Henry. 
They have two children — Maggie M. and Perry R. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church. Chordy L. Drake, also a son of our subject, was born March 1, 1851, in Union County, 
Ohio, and received in his youth a good common school education. When eighteen years of age, he 
began teaching school, which he followed alternately for perhaps ten years. On March 13, 1875, he 
was united in marriage with Miss Sarah A. Dally, daughter of Isaac and Louisa (deceased) Dally. 
To them has been born one child-Avis E., born April 22, 1880. Mr. Drake has been Superintendent 
of the Bethel Sunday School in York Township, and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church, as is also his wife. Politically, he is a Republican, and he is the owner of ninety-three acres 
of land. Isaac Dally, father of Mrs. Drake, was born April 19, 1829, in Richland County, Ohio, 
and is a son of .John aud Mary A. Dally. In September, 1851, he married Louisa Hupp, by 
whom he had two children — Sarah A. and John W. (deceased); she died in June, 1858, and in 
June, 1860, he was married to Mary E. Ballinger, daughter of Caleb aud Hannah Ballenger. By 
tbis Union there has been an issue of six children — Mary L., Zoah M., Zell B., Rebecca M., 
Ivory E. and Ivy E. In 1860, Mr. Dally came to York Township, Union County ; he is the 
owner of about 387 acres of land, and resides in the northwestera portion of York Township. 

JONAS FIGLEY, farmer and blacksmith, P. 0. York. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Washington County, Penn., February 18, 1814; his parents were Jonas and Elizabeth Figley. 
When a young man he learned the trade of blacksmithing, which he followed for forty years. 
In 1834, he came to Jefferson County, Ohio, where he remained one year aud then moved to 
Carroll County, where he followed his trade eleven years. He was married, October 30, 1834, to 
Miss Mary Middleswarth, by whom he had ten children, seven of whom are now living, viz. : 
Margaret M., Emily S., Mary M., Elizabeth M., Rebecca A., Calvin M. and Sarah M. About ihe 
year 1846, he came to Union County and settled in York Township, where he now resides. In 
connection with his farming, he also, until the year 1874, followed bis trade. He is a member 
of the Presbyterian Church, the owner of 115 acres of land, and resides in the northern portion 
of the township. 

STEPHEN FLICKINGER (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born. May 4, 1823, in 
Tuscarawas County, Ohio; his parents were John and Marg iret Flickinger, natives of Pennsylvania, 

29 



542 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

who settled in Tuscarawas County at an early day. He spent his youth on a farm, and received an 
ordinary district school education. On August 7, 184-5, in Tuscarawas Couuty, he was uniied in 
marriage to Miss Margaret A. Figley, who was born December 2o, 1825, in Tuscarawas County, 
and is a daughter of .Jacob and Anne Figley, her fathera native of Pennsylvania, and hermother 
of Maryland. By this union there was an issue of eight childreu, viz. : William E., Jacob M., 
Eliza .J., Margaret 0., John W., Mary E., Samuel H. and Joseph F.. the latter two of whom are 
deceased. In October, 1854, with his family, he came to Union County and settled in the north- 
ern portion of York Township. He died January 22, 1869, leaving to his widow a farm of 153 
acres. He wns an exemplary man in life, modest in manner, charitable in all things and highly 
esteemed throughout the community. For many years he was a member of the Methodist Epis- 
copal Church, taking an active interest in his church duties and leading a true Christain life. 

WILLIAM T. FULTON, farmer, P. 0. Bokes Creek. The subject of this sketch was born 
October 22, 1818, in Maryland ; in 1836, with his parents, David and Ann M. Fulton, he emigrated 
to Union County, Ohio, settling in YorkTowhship, where they remained until their decease. He 
was from his early youth reared on a farm, and received but a limited education. In January, 
1859, he married Miss Harriett A. Neil, daughter of Solomon and Ann H. Neil, of Marysville, 
this county. This union has been b'essed with five children, viz. : Ulysses G,, Mary N., Will- 
iam, Jennie H. and Joseph H. (the latter two of whom are deceased). Mr. Fulton has for six 
years served as a Commissioner of Union County, and also as Trustee and Clerk of York Town- 
ship. He is of a social, entertaining disposition and quite popular, and the owner of 304 acres 
of land. He resides in the southeastern portion of York Township. 

JOHN M. GUNDER, farmer, P. 0. Bokes Creek. The parents of the subject of this sketch, 
Abraham and iNIagdalena Gunder, emigrated from Pennsylvania to Ohio in 1834. They first 
came to Marion County, then to Crawford County, residing several years in each, and finally 
they moved to Wyandot County, where they remained until her decease in 1868. He died in 
Union County in July, 1878. They were the parents of nine children, of whom six are now 
living, viz.: Jonathan, John M., James M., Daniel H., Nancy J. and Julia. Our subject was 
born in Pennsylvania October 18, 1833, and when one j'ear old, with his parents he was brought 
to Ohio. He was reared to man s estate on a farm, and received the rudiments of education in 
a district school. On February 10, 1859, in Wyandot County, he married Phoebe A. Brooks, who 
was born November 26, 1840; she is a daughter of Joseph S. and Phoebe Brooks, of Wyandot 
County. To them have been born nine children — Charles E. D., Pinkney B., John B., Zeddie 
U., Harry 0., Madison H., Frances A., Zeffie U. and an infant son not yet named. Frances 
A. and Zeffie U. are deceased. In the spring of 1875, with his family, he came to Union County 
and settled in York Township. After his marriage, according to his own statement, "he had 
not one dollar with which to begin housekeeping," but by economy, perseverance and hard work 
he has been by degrees increasing his scanty store until to-day he is the owner of an estate 
of nearly 300 acres. He is a self-made man in the true sense of the word. He is a member of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church and of the I. 0. 0. F. society. He resides in the southern por- 
tion of York Township. 

THOMAS C. HAMILTON, farmer, P. 0. Bokes Creek. The .subject of this sketch was born 
ii^ Claibourne Township, Union County, July 18, 1849, and when a mere child, with his parents, 
Cornelius and Loui-sa Hamilton, both now deceased, he moved to Marysville, where he remained 
until he reached the years of manhood. On February 27, 1872, he was united in marriage with 
Miss Nancy Vance, daughter of John and Phoeba Vance, of Union County. To them have been 
born two children, viz.: Cornelius, born February 2, 1873, and Centennial, born July 19, 1876. In 
January, 1871, Mr. Hamilton settled in the southern portion of York Township, where he now 
resides. He is the owner of 109 acres of land in a good state of cultivation, and one of York 
Township's energetic farmers. 

VIRGIL HARRIS, farmer, P. 0. York. .Jacob Harris, father of the subject of this sketch, was 
born Octobor 26, 1810, in Knox County, Ohio, and was a son of Joseph and Rachel Harris, both 
natives of Virginia, who settled in Knox County at an early day. On June 5, 1834, in Knox 
County, he married Elizabeth Stults, who was born January 23, 1806, in Licking County, Ohio; 
she is a daughter of Adam and Margaret Stubs, early settlers of Licking County. To them 
have been born seven children — David J., Virgil, George W., Margaret, Alvira, Mary and 
Sarah. With his family in 1854, ]\Ir. Harris came from Knox to Union County and settled in 
York Township where he now resides. He is a member of the United Brethren Church, and the 
owner of 135 acres of land. Our subject was born in Licking County, Ohio, October 23, 1842, 
and in 1854, with his parents, came to Union County, where, on April 15, 1882, he married Miss 
Emma Miller. Mr. Harris is a young man with good prospects of a successful future. He re- 
sides on his farm, which is pleasantly located near York Center. 

AMOS P. HARVEY, farmer, P. 0. West Mansfielcl. The subject of this sketch was boin 
November 24, 1829, in New Hampshire, and about the year 1837, with his parents, Erastus and 
Betsy E. Harvey, he emigrated to Champaign County, Ohio. He remained in Champaign Coumy 
until about twelve years of age, when, with his parents, he located for three years in 
Logan County. From Logan he went to Clark County, where, on September 20, 1855, he was 
united in marriage with Miss Margaret A. Tuttle, who was born in December, 1838, and was a 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 543 

daughter of John and Margaret Tattle, of Clark County. This union has been blessed with 
ten children, viz. : John P., Lanson B., Harry C, Charles E., Willis T., Dennis v., Emma (de- 
ceased), Edward P., Howard and Ethel. In 1859, from Clark County, Mr. Harvey came to 
Union County and settled in the western portion of York Township, where he now resides. In 
Februai-y, 1865, enlisted in the One Hundred and Eighty-fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and 
continued in the service until the following September. He has served as Justice of the Peace 
and Trustee of York Township. In the management of his farm he has everything done in th« 
most orderly and advantageous manner. He is the owner of 375 acres of land, upon which 
is built a fine residence and other commodious buildings, making it one of the finest farms in 
Union County. 

JOHN H. HOOVER, farmer, P. 0. York. The subject of this sketch was born June 5, 1827, 
in Jefferson County, Ohio; his parents were Adam Hoover, a native of Maryland, and Rachel 
Hoover, who in 1851 or 1852, came from Hai-rison to Union County, Ohio. Of their family of 
ten children, five are now living, viz. : James, Charles, William M., Rachel A. and John H. 
They settled on Bokes Creek, in York Township, where they spent the remainder of their days. 
Our subject, when three years of age, with his parents, located in Harrison County, where he 
married Miss Catharine Hines, who was born August 31, 1826 ; she is a daughter of Christo- 
pher and Jane Hines. To them have been born one son — AVilliam H., born October 15, 1849, in 
Harrison County; he was married December 21, 1871, to Miss Lovella Shirk, who was born 
July 21, 1849; she is a daughter of Henson and Nancy J. Shirk, of Union County. About the 
year 1852, our subject came to Union County and settled in York Township, where he now re- 
sides. During the war of the late rebellion, he enlisted in the service for a few months. He 
has served as School Director, is a member of the M. E. Church, and the owner of fifty-seven 
acres of land. 

JOHN HUFFMAN (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born in Guernsey County, 
Ohio, August 24, 1830; he was a son of Benjamin and Mary Huffman, natives of Pennsylvania, 
and when fifteen years old, with them, he came to Knox County, Ohio, where his mother died, 
and where his father still resides. On September 10, 1853, in Knox County, he married Sarah 
J. Dally, daughter of John and Mary A. Dally, who died about one year after marriage. On 
September 18, 1860, he married Miss Almina Skidmore, who was born August 30, 1843, in Union 
County, Ohio ; she is a daughter of Isaac and Sarah A. Skidmore, of York Township, whose 
sketch appears in this work. By this union there has been an issue of five children, viz.: Dora 
A., born November 2, 1865; Hamer I., born July 18, 1868; Bertis, born April 6, 1871 ; Eldon, 
born February 23, 1874; and Mary I., born April 31, 1879. In 1867, he settled in the south- 
western portion of York Township, where bis widow still resides. Mr. Huffman was a member 
of the Baptist Church, and left to his widow a fine farm of 164 acres. He was an indulgent 
father and an affectionate husband, and departed this life March 1, 1879. 

JOHN B. HYDE, farmer, P. 0. Bokes Creek, a pioneer of York Township, was born March 4, 
1815, in Harrison County, Ohio. His parents were Samuel and Elizabeth Hyde, natives of 
Pennsylvania. In the spring of the year 1832, his father came from Harrison County and 
bought a tract of land on Bokes Creek, in iork Township, and after having cleared it and 
planted corn and vegetables, he returned to Harrison County for the purpose of bringing 
with him his family. On their way, in Delaware County, he was taken ill, and shortly after 
died. Our subject with the rest of the family, however, came and settled on the land, which 
his father bought. On December 23, 1837, he married Eliza Davis, who was born October 23. 
1817, in Pennsylvania; she is a daughter of David and Keziah Davis, of whom we have made 
mention in another portion of this work. By this union there has been an issue of nine chil- 
dren, of whom six are now living, viz.: Keziah, Thomas B., Rebecca A., Mary M., William F. 
and Nancy One of his sons George W. Hyde (deceased), enlisted in February, 1862, in the 
Eighty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and participated in several prominent engagements, 
but owing to an illness, which he contracted by exposure, he was discharged in the fall of the 
same year from the service and returned home. He re-enlisted in February, 1864, and was 
killed at the battle of Resaca, Ga., on May 26, 1864. For two years, Mr. Hyde has served 
as Trustee of York Township, and for many years he has been a School Director. He and his 
wife are members of the M. E, Church, and he is the owner of 130 acres of land. 

NESBIT JANUARY, farmer, P. 0. West Mansfield. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Greene County, Ohio, August 4, 1826. In 1829, with his parents, James and Catherine Jan- 
uary, he came to Marysville, Union County, where, with them, he remained until eleven years 
of age. From Marysville he went to Logan County, where he remained until 1853, at which 
time he returned to Union County. On September 21, 1854, he was united in marriage to Misa 
Sarah M. Savage, who was born February 28, 1833, in Champaign County, Ohio; she is a 
daughter of Austin and Irena Savage. To them have been born thirteen children — Irena, 
Orson, James, Ira, Wickliffe, Mary, Otway, Reuben, Caroline, Huston, and three who are de- 
ceased. In 1853, Mr. January settled in the northwestern portion of York Township, where 
he now resides. He is a direct descendant of a Huguenot family, who with many others were 
persecuted in France, and came to America, where they gained their religious freedom. His 
father was a native of Kentucky, and his mother of Maryland ; they were married in Greene 



544 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

County, Ohio, January 22, 1822. By this union there was an issue of six children — Huston, 
Nesbit, Martha, Elizabeth, and two deceased. His father died in 1842, and his mother in 1854, 
Our subject has been successful in business, and is the owner of 196 acres of land. 

JOSHUA KELLER, farmer, P. 0. West Mansfield. The subject of this sketch was born 
December 4, 1825, in Union County, Ohio ; his parents, were Frederick and Rachel Keller, who 
came to York Township, Union County, about the year 1820. He was reared to man's estate 
on a farm, and received but a rudimentary education. He resided with his parents until April 
25, 1852, at which time he m irried Mary I. Ballinger, who was born in May, 1834, in Logan 
County; she was a daughter of Thomas and Patience Ballinger. To them have been born four 
children, three of whom are now living — Celestia F., Henry N. J., Zylpha G. and Rudy VV. (de- 
ceased). Shortly after the dite of his marriage, Mr. Keller settled in the southern portion of 
York Township, where he now resides. He has served as School Director, has been successful 
as an agriculturist, and is the owner of 163 acres of land. 

LEVI LANE (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born August 30, 1811, in North 
Carolina, and, when a youth, with his parents, Benjamin and Mary Lane, he came to Logan 
County, Onio. On December 10, 1832, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Skidmore, who 
was born April 21, 1811 ; slie was a daughter of William and Mary Skidmore. By this union 
there- was an issue of fourteen children, ten of whom are now living, viz.: Ruth J., Mary, Will- 
iam, Jasper, Lemuel, Thomas N., John M., Rachel E., Susan S. and Matilda A. He settled in 
Logan County and remained there until 1855, in which year he came to Union County and 
settled in the southern portion of York Township. He settled in the woods, comparatively 
speaking, and by his industry and perseverance succeeded in making for his family a comfort- 
able home. He died August 31, 1862, respected by all who knew him. He was a kind and 
loving father and an indulgent husband. His widow survives him, and at present resides with 
her son William in York Township. William Lane, a son of our subject, was born May 17, 
1838, in Logan County, Ohio, and on April 7, 1859, married Emma J. Munsell, who was born 
October 14, 1843, in Logan County ; she is a daughter of Alvin and Mary T. Munsell. By this 
union there has been an issue of nine children — Cora L., Calvin W., William T., Benjamin F., 
Laura L., James W., Ara, Ovid D. and Zella 0. He is a member of the Baptist Church and the 
owner of fifty-seven acres of land. 

JOHN M. LANE, farmer, P. 0. West Mansfield. The subject of this sketch was born in 
Logan County, Ohio, September 6, 1846 ; his parents are Levi Lane (deceased) and Mary 
Lane, of whom a biography appears in this work. He was reared to man's estate on a farm and 
received a common school education. On September 3, 1869, he was united in marriage to Miss 
Mary E. Tobey, daughter of Charles and Mary J. Tobey, of Liberty Township, Union County. 
To them were born three children, viz., Omar, Estella and Elverta. Mr. Lane has been quite 
successful in business, and is the owner of forty acres of land in a good state of cultivation. 
He resides in the southern portion of York Township. 

ABEL LINSLEY, farmer, P.O. BokesCreek, was born in Vermont March 31, 1816; his parents 
were Simeon and Utilla Linsley, who came to Delaware County, Ohio, at quite an early day. 
He was reared to manhood on a farm and received but a limited education. By his first wife, 
Nancy (Carr) Linsley, he had three children, two of whom are now living, viz., Alice and Henry 
N. He married his present wife, who was born in June, 1833, on August 17, 1873. Mr. 
Linsley is a life-long farmer by occupation, and resides on his farm near Summersville. 

WILLIAM McGrlNNIS, farmer, P. 0. Richwood. The subject of this sketch was born in 
Muskingum County. Ohio, January 7, 1818, and is a son of .Johnson and Margaret McGinnis, 
natives of Pennsylvania, who came to Muskingum County, Ohio, about the year 1817, where 
they remained until 1854, in which year they came to York Township, Union County, where 
they spent the remainder of their days. They were the parents of nine children, of whom 
three are now living, viz., William, George and Nancy. Our subject was reared to man's estate 
on a farm and received but a rudimentary education. In September, 1840, in Muskingum 
County, he was united in marriage to Mary Hartford, by whom he had four children — Andrew 
N., Amelia, Albert 0. and John (deceased). She died July 4, 1861, and he was again married 
in April, 1865, to Mary J. Sterling, daughter of David and Mary Sterling. By this union there 
has been an issue of four children — John S., Agnes G., James H. and David W., the latter two 
of whom are deceased. In 18G5, he settled where he now resides, in the northern portion of 
York Township. He has been successful in business, and is the owner of 200 acres of land. 

ROBERT McILROY, farmer, P. 0. Bokes Creek, was born in Washington County, Penn., 
August 27, 1809 ; his parents were John and Nancy Mcllroy, with whom when six years of age 
he came to Harrison County, Ohio, where his mother died in 1832. Of a family of twelve chil- 
dren there are now but two living viz. : Robert and George. His father married for his sec- 
ond wife, Mrs. A. Murphy, who survived him, he having died in 1838. On August 17, 1830, 
our subject was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca Dickinson, daughter of George and Anxious 
Dickinson. To them have been born seventeen children, eleven of whom are now living, viz. : 
John, Silas, David, Robert D., Samuel S., Thomas M., Eliza, Keziah and Theresa, Hester A. 
and Susan E. In 1833, with his wife and three children, he came to Union County, where after 
residing in different parts, he in the spring of 1877 settled in the southern portion of York 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 545 

Township, where he now resides. He attended and voted at the first election held in York 
Township at the house of Aaron Shirk. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, 
and for many years has officiated as class leader, and is the owner of 153 acres of land. 

ANDEEW McNEIL, farmer, P. 0. Richwood. The subject of this sketch was born in Ches- 
ter County, Penn., March 23, 1811. His parents were Andrew and Margery McNeil. In 
November, 1838, he emigrated to Ohio, and came to Tuscarawas County, where he remained 
nearly one year. In September, 1839, he came to Union County and for several years located 
in Claibourne Township. In October, 1848, he was elected Auditor of Union County, and entered 
upon the duties of his office in March, 1849, serving until March, 1853. During the term 
of his Auditorship, he resided in Marysville, with his famijy. In 1853, he removed to Claibourne 
Township, where he resided until 18t:i2, in which year he settled in the northeastern portion of 
York Township, where he now resides. For his first wife, he married in Pennsylvania, Mary 
Criswell, daughter of Isaac and Martha Criswell, by whom he had seven children, two now liv- 
ing, viz.: Samuel A. and Mariam R. She died in October, 1861, and he was married on June 
16, 1862, to Mrs. Catherine N. Patterson, widow of the late .lohn Patterson, of Adams County, Ohio; 
she was born July 5, 1812, in Saratoga County, N. Y. In October, 1857, Mr. McNeil was 
elected a Commissroner of Union County, and discharged the duties of that office with credit six 
years. He has also served as Trustee of Claibourne Township and as Clerk of York Township. 
He is Elder of the Presbyterian Church, and has a fine farm of 120 acres of land, under a high 
state of cultivation. 

WILLIAM H. McPECK, retired farmer, P. 0. Richwood. The subject of this sketch vyas 
born February 27, 1817, in Westmoreland County, Penn.; his parents were John and Sarah 
McPeck. In the spring of 1838, he emigrated to Harrison County, Ohio, and began the trade of 
brick-laying and stone-cutting, which he afterward followed for about forty years. On July 
22, 1841, in Tuscarawas County, he was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Speck, who was 
born May 20,1820, in Washington County, Penn.; her parents were William and Margaret 
Speck, who came to Tuscarawas County, Ohio, about the year 1834. To Mr. and Mrs. McPeck, 
have been born six children — George M., Margaret J., Isabel A., Stephen S., Sarah A. and Mary 
E. For ten years after his marriage Mr. McPeck resided in Harrison County, and from there he 
moved to Washington Township, Union County, where he remained until April, 1872, at which 
time he located in the northern portion of York Township, where he at present resides. He ha« 
served as Trustee of Washington Township, is a member of the F. & A. M. Lodge, and a member 
of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He owns :^24 acres of land located in Washington Township. 

JAMES F. MEDDLES (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born May 2, 1813, 
in Harrison County, Ohio. He was a son of John and Parmelia Meddles, with whom, 
when a young man, he moved to Tuscarawas County, where he married, on April 16, 
1835, Miss Sarah Horn; she was born October 25, 1815, in Delaware, and was a daughter 
of Moses and Sarah Horn, who came to Harrison County, Ohio, about the year 1815. By 
this union there has been an issue of five children, viz.: Gary, Sarah, Rebecca J., John W. 
and Mary J., the latter two of whom are deceased. About the year 1850, Mr. Meddles, with 
his family, came to Union County, from Tuscarawas County, and settled in the eastern portion 
of York Township, where he died July 25, 1880, and where his widow now resides. He was a 
member of the United Brethren Church, and left to his family 142 acres of land. In his death, 
York Township lost one of her best citizens, and his family a loving parent and husband. 

MILEY G. MEDDLES, farmer, P. 0. Bokes Creek. The subject of this sketch was born 
July 29, 1818, in Harrison County, Ohio. His parents were John and Parmelia Meddles, who 
emigrated from Pennsylvania to Harrison County, Ohio, about the year 1801. He was reared 
to manhood on a farm, and received the rudiments of an English education in a district school. 
On September 13, 1842, he was united in marriage with Miss Susan Yantiss, who was born 
January 2, 1816, in Maryland ; she is a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth Yantiss, who emi- 
grated from Frederick County, Md., to Tuscarawas County, Ohio, at an early day. To them have 
been born three children, viz.: Jacob C, James F. and Joseph J., all of whom are deceased. 
Mr. Meddles resided in Tuscarawas County until 1852, in which year he came to Union County, 
and settled in the eastern portion of York Township. He is the owner of 225 acres of land, 
which he has acquired mainly by his determination to succeed and by hard work. For several 
years his health has been on the decline. With his faithful wife, who has shared his joys and 
sorrows for forty years, he resides where he first settled. 

ANTHONY MIDDLESWORTH, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born 
November 8, 1818, in Columbiana (now Carroll) County, Ohio. His parents were Abraham and 
Margaret Middlesworth, who emigrated from Virginia to what is now known as Carroll County, 
about the year 1815 or 1816. In his youth Mr. Middlesworth received but a meager education, 
the school advantages in his day being far more limited than to-day. In August, 1840, in Car- 
roll County, he married Miss J»ne Dennison ; she was born in Pennsylvania, and is a daugh- 
ter of Andrew and Elizabeth Dennison, who emigrated to Carroll County probably in the year 
1835. To them have been born eight children — William, Elizabeth, Margaret, Andrew J., 
Joseph F., Robert B., Mary M. and Emily J., the latter two of whom are deceased. In 1845, 
with his family, he came to Union County, and settled in the northern portion of York Town- 



546 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

ship, where he still resides. He has served as School Director many years ; is a member of the 
Presbyterian Church, and the owner of 303i acres of land. 

JAMES C. MILLER (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born iu Chenango Coun- 
ty, N. Y., October 12, 1806. When twelve years of age, with his parents, Joseph and 
Jemima Miller, he emigrated to Franklin County, Ohio, where they remained several years, 
when they came lo Union County, and settled in York Township. In October, 1828, in 
Franklin County, he was united in matrimony to Roxy Ann Wason ; who was born May 22, 
180G; she is a daughter of Thomas and Keziah Wason, who accompanied our subject's parents 
on their way to Ohio. In 1829, with his wife, he came to Union County and settled in the 
northeastern portion of York Township, where his widow now resides. To them were born seven 
children— Justice J., Eveline E., Jane K., Keziah J., Daniel D., Jonathan G., and Martha E., the 
latter four of whom are deceased. Mr. Miller was a member of the United Brethren Church, 
a kind and affectionate father, and loving husband, and departed this life in October, 1878. He 
left to his family 180 acres of land. 

ROLIN H. MONTGOMERY, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Licking County, Ohio, March ol, 1846, and when about two years old, with his parents, 
Joseph Montgomery (deceased) and Emily Montgomery, he removed to Knox County, where his 
father died, February 28, 1880, and where his mother still resides. On February 16, 1869, he 
married Miss Sarah E. Headington, daughter of .James and Ruth Headington, of Knox County. 
This union has been blessed with one child, viz., John H, born February 16, 1871. In April, 
1876, he came to Union County, and for five years located in Washington Township, from thence 
coming to York Township, in the northern portion of which he settled. Mr. Montgomery is a 
^elf-made man, having acquired all he possesses by industry and hard work. He is the owner 
of 102^ acres of land, pleasantly located and in a good state of cultivation. 

JOHN A. MORROW, farmer, P. O. York. Charles Morrow, father of the subject of this 
sketch, was born in Bucks County, Penn., April, 1810. His parents were Charles and Rachel 
A.Morrow, his father, a veteran of the war of 1812, who served as a First Lieutenant, was a native 
of Ireland and his mother a native of Wales. Prior to the war of 1812, with them he came to 
Belmont County, Ohio, where he remained until, perhaps, si.xteen years of age, when he went 
Wheeling, W. Va., to learn the trade of stone-cutting, which he followed several years. In 1831, 
he married Esther McElroy, by whom he had five children, four of whom are now living, viz. : 
John A., Charles W., William M. and Sarah E. About the year 1839, from Belmont County he 
came to Summersville, Union County, and began the practice of medicine, to which he adhered until 
1874, when he moved to Mount Victory, Hardin County, where he died in July, 1879. His 
widow survives him and resides at the latter place. The subject of this sketch was born May 20, 
1832, in Belmont County, Ohio, and when about seven years oM, with his parents he came to 
York Township, Union County. Having received a rudimentary education for one year, he 
attended the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware. In March, 1864, he enlisted in the Thir- 
teenth Ohio Cavalry, Army of the Potomac, and pardcipated in the battles of the Wilderness, 
Cold Harbor, White House Landing, the siege of Petersburg, and the surrender of Gen. Lee 
with his army at Appomattox Court House. He was honorably discharged in June, 1865. In 
October, 1854, he was joined in matrimony to Miss Elizabeth Storms, a daughter of Gregory and 
Melinda Storms, of whom we have made mention in this work. They have four children — 
Esther M., Jessie D., Charles G. and Samuel J. Mr. Morrow is a member of the Grand Army 
of the Republic, the I. 0. 0. F. Lodge, and of the Methodist Episcopal Church; he is the owner 
of ninety-six acres of land and resides in the northern portion of York Townsliip. 

WILLIAM M. MORROW, farmer, P. 0. Bokes Creek, was born in Union County, Ohio, 
January 25. 1839, and is a son of Charles Morrow (deceased) and Esther Morrow, of whom we have 
mentioned in John A. Morrow's sketch. In his nineteenth year he entered the Ohio Wesleyan 
University at Delaware, which institution he attended alternately for about five years. In 
March, 1864, he enlisted in the Thirteenth Ohio Cavalry, Army of the Potomac, and he partici- 
pated in many engagements a few of the leading ones being White House Landing, Cold Harbor 
and the siege of Petersburg, where he received a spinal injury occasioned by a fall into a rifle 
pit while crossing the battlefield under cover of darkness, after which he was confined in 
the Washington Hospital several months and honorably discharged in June, 1865. On February 
22, 1866, he was united in marriage to Miss Lemenda J. Langstaff, daughter of James H. and 
Catherine Langstaff, of Union Count}'. To them have been born five children — Florence L., 
Anna L., Carrie L., Lizzie R. and Flora (deceased). Mr. Morrow resides in the eastern portion 
of Y'ork Township, is a member o'f the Methodist Episcopal Church, and the owner of ninety- 
three acres of land. 

JONAS ORDERS, farmer, P. 0. Bokes Creek, was born in Franklin County, Ohio, August 
18, 1844. His parents were Joshua and Frances Orders. He was from his youth trained to the 
pursuits of agriculture, and received but a rudimentary education. On October 10, 1866, he was 
united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Knagi, who was born February 19, 1843, in Switzerland : 
she is a daughter of John and Elizabeth Knagi, who emigrated to America in 1850. After 
spending two years in Brooklyn, N. Y., came to Franklin County, Ohio, where they now reside. 
By this union there has been an issue of two children — Flora and Mary E., the latter of whom 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 547 

is deceased. In the autumn of 1881, Mr. Orders with his family came from Franklin County, 
Ohio to Union County and settled in the eastern portion of York Township where he now re- 
sides. He is a member of the Christian Church, has been successful in business and is the 
owner of sixty-eight and a half acres of laud. 

CHRISTOPHER OVERHOLSER, farmer, P. 0. York. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Clark County, Ohio, December 2, 1842, and is a son of Christian Overholser (deceased) and 
Rebecca Overholser, natives of Virginia, who settled in Clark County perhaps in 183-5. On 
February 8, 1866, he was united in marriage to Huldah C. King, who was born September 15, 
1846, in Licking County, Ohio ; she is a daughter of Tilleson King (deceased) and Mary P. King, 
now of Auglaize County, Ohio. To them have been born three children — Earnest T , Nona L. 
and one that died in infancy. In September, 1862, he enlisted in the Eighty-first Ohio Volun- 
teer Infantry, and participated in the battles of Dallas, Jonesboro, siege of Atlanta and the 
whole of Sherman's campaign, includingthe grand march to the sea. He received in June, 1865, 
an honorable discharge having served his country faithfully. In April, 1880, he came to Union 
County and settled near York Center, in York Township, where he now resides. He is a mem- 
ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church, a republican, and the owuerof fifty acres land. 

.JOHN PENHORWOOD, farmer and minister, P. 0. York, was born in England September 
20, 1820; his parents were John and Jane Penhorwood. In 1840, he took passage at Bristol, 
and after a voyage of more than sis weeks, during which they encountered variable weather, 
he arrived in New York. From the latter ci'y he came to Knox County, Ohio, where he spent 
four years at blacksmithing and a few years at farming. On .Januai'y 6, 1842, he married 
Miss Elizabeth Lyle, who was born May 12, 1817 ; her parents were .John and Susan Lyle. To 
tliem have been born eight children, viz.: John H., William F., Elizabeth J., Annie L., Sarah H., 
Ida A., Mary S. and Rebecca, the latter two of whom are deceased. From Knox County Mr. 
I'enhorwood removed to Delaware County, where he resided until 1865, in which year he came 
to Union County, York Township. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and for 
fifteen years has devoted himself to preaching. He is the owner of 285 acres of land. 

WILLIAM PERKINS, farmer, P. 0. West Mansfield, was born in Columbiana County. Ohio, 
October 8, 1825, and is a son of John and Phoebe Perkins. With his parents when about fourteen 
years of age, he came to Union County, and settled on the farm now owned by Wesley Southard, 
in the southwestern portion of York Township, where his parents renjained until the fall of 1864, 
at which time they went to Allen County, Ind., where they remained until their decease. Of a 
family of eight children three are now living — our subject, George W. and Melissa J. On Oc- 
tober 7, 1854, our subject married Caroline M. Rea, who was born January 7, 1833, in Logan 
County; she is a daughter of David and Ruth Rea, early settlers of Logan County. The fruits 
of this union wtre three children, of whom two are now living, viz.: Franklin W. and French 
W. Shortly after the date of his marriage, Mr. Perkins began keeping house in a log cabin near 
where he now resides. In 1874, having built a house of more modern architecture, 
which was better suited to the tastes and wants of the family, he moved there- 
in. In May, 1864, he enlisted in the One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Ohio National Guards, 
and continued in the service until the following September. He has been successful as a farmer, 
owing mainly to his industry and skillful management, having everything done in the most or- 
derly and advantageous manner. He is a member of the Disciples Church, and the owner of 161 
acres of tillable land. He resides near where his father settled. 

WILLIAM H. PLOTNEK, farmer, P. 0. West Mansfield, was born August 1, 1828, in Fair- 
field County, Ohio, and when but a few months old was taken by his parents, John Plotner, a 
native of Virginia, and Julia Plotner, a native of Ohio, to Jefferson County, where they located 
for perhaps twelve years. From there with them he went to Harrison County, where they re- 
mained until 1851, in which year they removed to Illinois, where they remained until theirde- 
cease, he in 1855, and she in 1863. Our subject in his youth received but an ordinary district 
school education, but being of studious habits and having a love for good books, he has made him- 
self familiar with many important topics of this day and age. In July, 1852, he was married to 
Miss Mary A. White, who was born March 24, 1833, in Virginia, and when three years of age, 
with her parents, John F. and Belinda White, she came to Tuscarawas County, Ohio. This 
union has been blessed with seven children — John W., Robert L., George F., William N., Laura 
J., James A. and Alonzo G. (deceased). After his marriage he resided in Tuscarawas County 
until 1863, in which year with his family he came to Union County. In 1864, he settled in the 
northwestern portion of York Township, where he now resides. He has served as Justice of the 
Peace thirteen years, and is still serving. Mr. Plotner is a member of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church, and the owner of a fine farm of 100 acres. 

GEORGE W. POTTS, farmer, P. 0. Bokes Creek. The subject of this sketch was born March 
25, 1836, in Ross County, Ohio; he was a son of James and Ruth Potts. In December, 1857, 
having reached the years of manhood, he married Miss Catherine J. Poits, by whom he had five 
children, four now living, viz.: John A., Lasco, David W. and Ida J. Mrs. Potts died May 18, 
1876, and on September 27, 1876, Mr. Potts was married to Miss Jane Clark, a daughter of John 
and Jane Ciark, of Carroll County. By her he has three children — Arthur, Cora B. and Ernest. 
In 1859, he came to York Township, this county, and settled near where he now resides. He 



548 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. Lodge, and the owner of a fine farm, located south of Siimmers- 
ville. 

JOHN G. RICE, farmer, P: 0. Bokes Creek, was born April 2, 1833, in Union County, 
Ohio; his parents were Payn and Margaret Rice, who in 1830 came to Union from Hamilton 
County, and located in Liberty Township for twelve years, and then moved to Logan County, 
where they remained until I860, in which year they returned to Union County, and made their 
home in York Township, where they remained until their decease, he in September, 18t>5, 
and she in September, 1863. When eia;hteen years of age, our subject began to learn the trade 
of a cabinet maker in Marysville, which business he followed for about ten years. On Febru- 
ary 21, 1860, he married Miss Ellen Essex, who was born February 9, 1827, in Ross County, 
Ohio: she is a daughtr-r of .loseph and Cynthia Essex; four of their children are yet living, viz.: 
Jonathan P., Sarah A., William O. and Dora A, Subsequent to his marriage he located in 
Logan County three years, when he came to Union County, aud in 1868 he settled about one 
mile southwest of Summersville, York Township, where he now resides. Mr. Rice has been quite 
successful in business, having had but comparHtively little with which to start in life. He now owns 
fifty-four acres of land on which he as at present building a new and more modern house than 
the cabin in which he resides. In February, 1865, he enlisted in the One Hundred and Eighty- 
seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and continued in the service till the following January, when 
he was honorably discharged. 

ANDREW J. RICHARDSON, physician and surgeon, P. O. Bokes Creek, was born September 
21, 1829, in Cayuga County, N. Y. When ten years of age with his parents, Richard S. Richard- 
son, a soldier of the war of 1812. and Susan Richardson, he came to Summit County, Ohio, 
where they remained five years. From Summit they moved to Licking County, where they re- 
mained until 1855, in which year they came to York Township, Union County, where ihey re- 
mained until their decease. Our subject spent his youthful days on a farm, receiving a fair 
English education. During the latter part of 1867 and the beginning of 1868, he attended 
Starling Medical College at Columbus for five months, and aeain attended the same institution 
the following fail and winter and graduated in Marcb, 1869. However, for five years prior t ■ 
attending college, he had read and practiced medicine. Helocated at Summersville, York Town- 
ship, and enjoys a good practice. On October 15, 1857, he was united in marriage to Mis- 
Susan M. Sniith, daughter of the late Judge .James R. Smith, of Union County. By this uniof. 
there has been an issue of four children — Albert J., Elmer 0., Ethel C. and EfSe C. (deceased). 
Mr. Richardson is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. and F. & A. M. societies, and a member of tin 
M. E. Church. 

DANIEL M. RUSSEL, farmer, P. 0. York. The subject of this sketch was born in Deln 
ware County, Ohio, September 30, 1819, and is a son of Joseph and Betsy Russel, natives oi 
Connecticut, who came to Delaware County, Ohio, in 1817. From his early youth Mr. Russt 1 
has been engaged in agricultural pursuits, in which he has been successful. On November 2t' 
1843, in Delaware County, he was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Lavender; she was boru 
October 16, 1825, in Knox County, Ohio, and is a daughter of Thomas Lavender, an Englisli- 
man, and Maria Lavender, a native of Massachusetts. This union has been blessed with six 
children — Thomas L., Louisa, Joseph M. and three who are deceased. In 1870, he came to 
Union County, and settled in the northern portion of York Township, where he still resides 
He served as Clerk of Thompson Township, Delaware County, and also as Treasurer. He is a 
member of the M. E. Church, and the owner of a fine farm of 200 acres. 

MILTON M. SHIPLEY, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Fayette County, Penn., 
August ;-il, 1822 ; when fourteen years of age with his parents, Benedict and Abigial Shipley, 
he came to Knox County, Otiio, where his parents located until about 1857, when they moved to 
Warren County, where they located ten years. In 1867, they came to Claibourne Township, 
Union County, where they remained until their decease, he in August, 1874, and she in Febru- 
ary, 1870. They were the parents of thirteen children — Milton M., Agnes, Adam R., Sarah, 
Matilda, Mary, Ruth, Elizabeth, Emily, Maria, Henry, George and Laura. On October 13, 1845, 
our subject was united in marriage with Miss Ann Adams, who was born December 3, 1822; 
she is a daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth Adam-*, of Knox County, Ohio. This union 
has been blessed with eight children — Joseph A.. William, John J., Henry, Charles G., George, 
Kingsley and Julia, the latter three of whom are deceased. Mr. Shipley resided in Knox 
County until 1861, in which year he moved to Madison County, Ky., where he located until 1865, 
when he came to Union County, and settled in the eastern portion of York Township, where 
he now resides. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, aud the owner of 535 
acres of land. 

AARON SHIRK, farmer, P. 0. York. A pioneer of York Township, was born June 12, 
1810, in Virginia ; his parents were John and Sarah Shirk. In 1818, with them he came to Ross 
County, Ohio, where they remained until 1820, in which year they came to Union County and 
settled in Liberty Township, where they remained until their decease, both having reached a 
ripe old age. Of a family of fourteen children, nine are now living, Betsy, Henson, Isaac, 
John. Silas, Lucinda, Sarah A., Jemima and Aaron. On May 9, 1834, our subject was mar- 
ried to Rosanna Tobey, daugliter of Heman and Hannah Tobey, of whom we have made men- 







cyf^^T^i^r^ny C^^ 



OA^J^ 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 551 

tion in this work. They are said to have been the first couple married in York Township after 
its organization. To them were born five children — Sarah A., Hannah R., John H., Heman T. 
and Melinda S. (deceased). Afier enjoying a life of domestic peace and happiness for nearly 
half a century with his faithful consort, she was suddenly called away on May 29, 1879. Mr. 
Shirk cast the first vote in York Township; the first election having been held in his house, he 
claimed the right to cast the first vote. He is the owner of sixty-two acres of land, and resides 
near York Center. He is a member of the Free- Will Baptist Church. 

WILLIAM SIGLER (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born in Maryland, in August, 
1812; his parents were William and Grace Sigler. When a young man, ^th his mother, his 
father being deceased, he came to York Township, Union County, and settled near Summersville, 
where she lived but a few years. On October 24, 1839, he married Miss Mary A. Cork, who 
was born in May, 1819 ; she is a daughter of John and Rebecca Cork, of Ross County, Ohio. 
To them were born eight children, viz., Minerva, Isaac J., Washington, Rebecca, Susan, Sylvester 
John T. and William M., the latter two of whom are deceased. In the spring of 1843, he set- 
tled where his widow now resides. He served as Assessor and Treasurer of York Township, 
and discharged the duties of the offices in a creditable manner. He was a kind and loving 
father and affectionate husband; his widow ami children feel their irreparable loss, but we trust 
their loss is his gain. He departed this life in May, 1865. Isaac .J. Sigler, one of the sons of 
our subject, was laorn in Unian County, Ohio, August 24, 1844. From his boyhood he has de- 
voted his attention to agricultural pursuits. In December, 1861, he enlisted in Company H, 
Eighty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served until December, 1864, at which time he re- 
ceived an honorable discharge. He participated in the battles of Cross Keys, Cedar Mountain, 
the second battle of Bull's Run, and many other engagements. For his first wife he married 
Emma B. Watts, daughter of Hiram and Sarah Watts, whose sketch appears in this work; she 
died January I, 1879. He then married Miss Eliza J. Flickinger, daughter of Stephen Flickinger, 
(deceased), and Margaret A. Flickinger, whose sketch appears in this work. They have one 
child, ForreyO. He has served as Clerk of York Township two years, and as Assessor, and is 
a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

WILLIAM M. SKIDMORE, farmer, P. 0. West Mansfield. Our subject was born September 
14, 1828, in Logan County, Ohio; his parents were Joseph and Rebecca (deceased) Skidmore, of 
whom we have made mention in Thomas Skidmore's sketch. Having passed his youth on a 
farm and reached the years of manhood, on September 23, 1846, he married Miss Lydia Whit- 
aker, daughter of Nathaniel and Elizabeth Whitaker. To them were born three children, two 
of whom are now living, viz., Jeflersou D. and Elizabeth. She died in September, 1857, and 
in January, 1858, he was married to Harriet S. Moore, daughter of William B. and Nancy 
Moore, of Logan County. By her he has one son — Joseph W. Mr. fekidmore resides in the 
western portion of York Township, and is the owner of 266 acres of good land. He is a mem- 
ber of the Baptist Church. 

THOMAS SKIDMORE, farmer, P. O. West Mansfield. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Logan County, Ohio, February 13,18:^5; his parents were Joseph and Rebecca (deceased) 
Skidmore. About the year 1815, his father, with his parents, came to Logan County, where he 
married Rebecca Garwood, by whom he had seven children, five of whom are now living, viz., 
William M., Thomas, Isaac M., John F. and Hope. His wife dying, he married Rebecca Whit- 
taker ; seven children are the issue of this marriage, viz., Lydia J., Nancy L., Rebecca E.. 
Lavina, Joseph, Franklin H. and Josiah C. Our subject was reared on a farm and received 
rather a limited education. On August 24, 1848, in Logan County, he was united in marriage 
to Miss Hannah J. Drake, who was horn .Tune 25, 1831, in Logan County; she is a daughter 
of Chordy and Sarah Drake, of whom we have made mention in this work. This union has been 
blessed with five children, viz.: Sarah E., born June27, 1850 ; Spain A., born November 20, 1852; 
Sylvanus H., born August 5, 1856; Roxy A., born July 7, 1863; and Eva M., born Januarj' 
13, 1866. In November, 1851, Mr. Skidmore moved from Logan County to Union County and 
settled in the western portion of York Township, where he still resides. He has a fine farm of 
185 acres, on which he has erected a very desirable residence. He is a member of the Baptist 
Church. In February, 1865, he enlisted in the One Hundred and Eighty-fifth Ohio Volunteer 
Infantry, and continued in the service until the autumn of the same year. 

ISAAC SKIDMORE, farmer, P. 0. Bokes Creek. The subject of this sketch was born in Colum- 
biana County, Ohio, December 13, 1813; he is a son of William and Mary Skidmore, who 
came from Virginia to Columbiana and subsequently to Logan County, Ohio, at an eai'ly day. 
Of a family of eleven children, five are now living. When four years of age, Isaac, with his 
parents, came to Logan County, where, in November, 1836, he married Sarah A. Haines, who 
was born December 4, 1819, in Champaign County, Ohio ; she is a daughter of Joseph and 
Rachel Haines. To them have been born five children, viz.: Emeline, born June 20, 1839 ; 
Alonzo, born June 7, 1841 ; Almina, born August 30, 1843; .John W., born July 26, 1845; 
and Hester A., born January 12, 1853. In the spring of 1838, Mr. Skidmore came to Union 
County and located in Liberty Township until 1850, when he settled in the western portion of 
York Township, near where he now resides. He has served as School Director; is a member of 
the Christian Church and the owner of 244 acres of land. 



552 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

FRANKLIN W. SKIDMORE, farmer, P. 0. West Mansfield, was born October 4, 1853, in 
Union County, Ohio. He is the son of William Skidmore (deceased) and Sarah R. Skidmore. 
In his youth he was traiaed to the pursuits of agriculture, in which he is now engaged. On 
April 22, 1873, he married Miss Lucinda Hatcher, who was born July 15, 1853; she is a daugh- 
ter of William Hatcher, deceased, and Margaret Hatcher. They, have three children — Myrtie 
M., born April 15, 1875; Jessie E., born January 1, 1877, and Lydia, born November 80, 1881. 
Politically, Mr. Skidmore is of Democratic pi-inciples, and is a member of the Disciple Church. 
As an agriculturist, he is meeting with marked success, and is of good standing in society. He 
resides in the southwestern portion of York Township. Sarah R. Skidmore, mother of our sub- 
ject, was born in Logan County, Ohio, March 16, 1824, and is a daughter of Isaac and Eliza- 
beth Rea, her fither a native of Virginia and her mother of Pennsylvania; they came to Logan 
County at quite an early day. She was reared to womanhood in Login County, and on Jlarch 
X, 1842, she was united in marriage to Mr. Elisha G. Mechem, a son of John and Hannah 
Mechem, of Logan County. To them were born three children — Levi R., David O., and one 
deceased. He departed this life March 20, 1848, and on July 6, 1851, she marriei Mr. William 
Skidmore, son of William and Mary Skidmore, by whom she has one son — our subject. Mrs. 
Skidmore is the owner of 122 acres of land, and a member of the Disciple Church. 

DAVID M. SKIDMORE, farmer, P. 0. Newton. The subject of this sketch was born April 
21, 1853, in Logan County, Ohio. He is a son of Isaac and Sarah A. Skidmoi-e, of Union County. 
From his youth to the present time he has devoted his attention to the honorable pursuits of 
agriculture. On August 23, 1873, he was united in marriage with Miss Sarah A. .Johnson, who 
was born December 12, 1849; she is a daughter of Matthew and Lucinda Johnson, of this county. 
To them have«been born two children — Harry J., born April 9, 1875, and Clarence N., born 
September 20, 1878. Mr. Skidmore is the owner of fifty-nine and one-half acres of land, and 
resides in the southern part of York Township. 

CALVIN SKIDMORE, farmer, P. 0. West Mansfield. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Union County, Ohio, September 15, 1841. His parents were William and Louisa Skidmore, 
who settled in York Township, near where our subject now resides, at quite an early day. He 
was here reared ajnid the varied scenes of pioneer life, and received but a rudimentary educa- 
tion. In February, 1865, he enlisted in the One Hundred and Eighty-fifth Ohio Volunteer In- 
fantry, Army of the Cumberland, and continued iij the service until the following September. 
He was united in marriage to Miss Mary J. McGee, who was born April 28, 1844; she was a 
daughter of Joab and Delila McGee, of Logan County. To them have been born two children — 
Louisa D., born June 30, 1861, and Aaron W., born July 7, 1865. Mr. Skidmore is the owner 
of 100 acres of land in L^nion, and forty-five acres in Logan County. He has been successful in 
business ; is a member of the Baptist Church, and resides in the extreme southwest portion of 
York Township. 

ELMORE C. SMITH, farmer and teacher, P. 0. Bokes Creek. The subject of this sketch 
was born October 2, 1858, in Marion County, Ohio : his parents are William J. Smith, a native 
of Ross County, and Nancy M. Smith, a native of Richland County. Of a family of eight chil- 
dren, six are now living — Alfred M., George W., Elmore C, Hugh E., Jefferson L. and William 
M. His parents still reside in Marion County. Our subject from his youth has been reared on 
a farm and he received a good English education, and for perhaps four years has been engaged 
in teaching. On March 24. 1881, in Marion County, he married Miss Maria Jacoby ; she was 
born February 23, 1859, and is a daughter of Michael and Elizabeth Jacoby, of Marion County. 
Shortly after his marriage, he came to Uni)n County add settled in the southeastern portion of 
York Township, where he now resides. Mr. Smith is a member of the Methodist Church, and 
the owner of 120 acres of land. 

ALBERT I. SMITH (deceased). James R. Smith, father of the subject of this sketch, was 
born in Maryland in 1794; in 1834, he came to Union County, Ohio, and bought the farm now 
owned by S. Taylor, on Bokes Creek, near Summersville. For sevei'al years he followed farming, 
and for nine years served as one of the Associate Judges. He also served for two terms as Jus- 
tice of the Peace in York Township, and subsequently for ten years he served as Probate Judge 
of Union County. During the latter years of his life, he made his home with his son-in-law, 
Dr. A. J. Richardson, where he died a few years since. His wife, Anne Smith, a lady loved by all 
who knew her, died many years prior to his death. Our subject was born in November, 1845, 
in Union County, Ohio. In June, 1863, he enlisted in the Eighty -sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 
and served until February, 1864, when he was honorably discharged. On July 4, 1868, he was 
united in marriage to Miss Helen M. .Johnson, a daughter of Jotin and Mary Johnson, early 
settlers of this county. To them were born three children — Lottie E., Charles R. and Albert J. 
Having been engaged in the mercantile business in Summersville prior to his marriage, he con- 
tinued in the same until a short time prior to his decease. He was a loving father and husband 
and departed this life in July, 1872, respected by all who knew him. His widow survives him 
and at present resides in Summersville. Her pai-ents came from Hai-rison County, Ohio, to York 
Township, this county, in 1834, and they settled on the farm near Summersville, where he died. 
For forty years he was a minister of the Gospel in the Methodist Episcopal Church. He taught 
the first school in Summersville, in the winter of 1835-36, at $8 per month. For six years he 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 553 

gerved as Auditor ot Union County, and was an honored member in society. He died in July, 
1873. 

SAMUEL G. SMITH, farmer, P. 0. Broadway. Ciiarles Smith, a soldier of the war of 
1812, and father of the subject of this sketch, was .born in Shenandoah County, Va., Janu- 
ary 21, 1789. In his youth he learned the trade of tanner and currier, and, when a young 
man, went to Pennsylvania, where he married, probably in the year 1814, Sarah Godfrey, by 
whom he had ten children, three now living, viz.: Eliza, Charles W. (whose sketch appears in 
this work) and our subject. In 1826, he emigrated from Pennsylvania, with his family, to 
Harrison County, Ohio, where he remained until 1835, in which year he came to Union County 
and settled in Liberty Township, where he remained until his decease, October 18, 1859. He 
was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and, for many years, class leader. Our sub- 
ject was born November 3, 1818, in Pennsylvania, and, in 1826, with his parents, came to Har- 
rison County, Ohio. On February 26, 1846, he was united in marriage to Elizabeth J. Herd, 
daughter of James and Margaret Herd, by whom he had four children, two of whom are now 
living — James \V. and Philander H.; she died August 11, 1853. He then married Philarna Ford, 
by whom he has six children, five now living, viz. : Cuauncey F., Clifford M., Sherman, Sarah 
A. and Nellie M. After having located in different portions of Union County, Mr. Smith 
finally, in 1876, settled in the southeastern portion of York Township, where he %ow resides. 
He is the owner of 100 acres of land. 

CHARLES W. SMITH, farmer, P. 0. Bokes Creek. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Harrison County, Ohio, March 31, 1833, and in 1835, with his parents, Charles and Sarah 
Smith — of whom we have made mention in another portion of this work — he came to Union 
County, Ohio. He has from his youth devoted his attention to farming, and he received but a 
rudimentary education. On May 2, 1872, he married Miss Augusta C. Hathaway, who was born 
October 1, 1842, in Logan County, Ohio; she is a daughter of Ebenezer C. and Almira Hath- 
away. To them have been born three children — Emily, Nannie H. and Charles H. In May, 
1864, he enlisted in the One Hundred and Thirty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was sta- 
tioned principally at Forts Ellsworth, Lyon and O'PiOuke. He received an honorable discharge 
in September, 1864. Mr. Smith has served as Trustee of York Township six years, and in 1870 
was land appraiser of the same township. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, 
the owner of 240 acres of land, and resides in the southern portion of York Township. The 
parents of Mrs. Smith are natives of Massachusetts, who, about the year 1833, came to Union 
County, Ohio, and located but a short time, when they moved to Logan County, where they now 
reside. 

WESLEY W. SOUTHARD, farmer, P.O. West Mansfield. Wm. Southard, a soldier of the war 
of 1812, andgrandfatherof the subject of this sketch, was born in Virginia; came to Logan County, 
Ohio, at an early day. He married Elizabeth Lingrel, by whom he had eight children, six of whom 
are now living. After her death he married Phoeba Burwill, by whom he had three children, 
one of whom is still living. He died in Logan County in March, 1851, respected by all who 
knew him. Samuel Southard, a son of William, and father of our subject, was born in Cham- 
paign County, Ohio, February 20, 1814, and on November 24, 1839, ia Logan County, he married 
Lydia Harriman, who was born in Pennsylvania November 5, 1821. To them have been born 
nine children, four of whom are yet living — Wesley W., Spain J., Sarah V. and Clara V. After 
their marriage they settled in the western portion of York Township, where our subject now re- 
sides, and where they remained until 1876, in which year they moved to West Mansfield, Logan 
County, where they now reside. He served as Trustee of York Township, and with his wife is 
a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Of late Mr. Southard has been in feeble health. 
Wesley W. Southard, subject of this sketch, was born in Union County, Ohio, July 19, 1841. 
On reaching his majority (he war of the late rebellion was begun, and accordingly in August, 
1862, he enlisted in the One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Army of the 
Cumberland, and participated in the battles of Perryville, Chickamauga, Resaca, Mission Ridge, 
Kenesaw Mountain, and the memorable siege of Atlanta, where, in August, 1864, he received a 
wound which obliged him to remain in several different hospitals nearly a year. He was honor- 
ably discharged at Camp Dennison in May, 1865. On March 11, 1876, he married Miss Louisa 
E. Elliott, who was born in Union County, April 7, 1853 ; she was a daughter of John and Eliza- 
beth A. Elliott. The result ot this union has been two children, viz. : Howe E., born June 25, 
18^7, and Florence E., born June 7, 1880. Mr. Southard is a member of the F. & A. M. society, 
and of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He has served as Trustee of York Township, and is 
the owner of 210 acres of land. 

LEONIDASH. SOUTHARD, Secretary Union County Farmers'Insurance Company, P. O.York, 
was born November 9, 1852, in Union County, Ohio; he is a son of Sylvester F. Southard 
(deceased) and Rebecca Southard. Having received a rudimental education, in the fall of 1868 
he entered Delaware University, where he continued his studies alternately for perhaps two 
years, and after leaving Delaware he taught school for a short time. In July, 1874, he entered 
on a six months' course at the Miami Commercial College, in Dayton, Ohio, and on completing 
his course received a diploma. In tne fall of 1875, he entered Hillsdale College, Michigan, and 
resumed his studies there until June of the following year. In the spring of 1877, in company 



554 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

with J. S. AVinters, he engaged in the mercantile business at Summersville, and continued in the 
same about six months, when he purchased a farm in the northern portion of York Township, 
on which he located until June, 1881, at which time he came to York Center, where he now re- 
sides. He is at present officiating as Secretary of the Union County Farmers' Insurance Com- 
pany, of which he was one of the incorporaters. On February 14, 1878, he was united in mar- 
riage to Miss Hannah E. Penhorwood, daughter of John and Elizabeth Penhorwood, whose 
sketch appears in this work. They have one child, viz., Carleton. Mr. Southard is a self-made 
man, a member of the I. 0. 0. F. Lodge, and of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and the owner 
of 103 acres of land. 

DAVID W. SPICER, farmer, P. 0. Bokes Creek. The subject of this sketch was born in 
Muskingum County, Ohio, September 1-3, 1822 ; his parents were Jonathan and Leuriah Spicer, 
natives of Pennsylvania, who came to Muskingum County, Ohio, at an early day. Ot their 
family of nine children there are now but three living, viz.: David W., .Jane and Adeline. Our 
subject was raised to manhood on a farm and received but a rudimentary education. On June 
22, 1848, in Muskingum County, he was united in marriage to Miss Keziah Ross, daughter of 
Dr. Joseph Ross (now deceased). This union has been blessed with nine children, viz.: Jane E., 
Emily C, Joseph L., Franklin D., Henry V. D., Alexander J., Minnie D., William and Isabella 
C, the latter two of whom are deceased. About the year 1852, he came to Union County, and 
settled in the eastern portion of York Township, where he now resides. He is a member of the 
Presbyterian Church, and the owner of a productive farm of fifty acres. 

HENRY STALDER, farmer, P. O. York. Casper Stalder, father of the subject of this 
sketch, was born in Switzerland, near the Alps Mountains, September 24, 1809, and in 1819, 
with his parents, Jacob and Anne Stalder, he emigrated to America, and came to Athens County, 
Ohio. On December 15, 1836, he married Mary Howard, who was born in May, 1815, in New 
York State; she is a daughter of Elisha and Submitta Howard. To them have been born 
eight children, of whom seven are now living. In 1853, with bis family he came to Union County, 
and settled in York Township. He is a member of the United Brethren Church, and the owner 
of ninety-five acres of land. Our subject was born October 25, 1837, in Athens County, Ohio. 
In 1853, with his parents he came to York Township, this county, and in May, 1858, he married 
Eliza J. Storms, daughter of Gregory and Melinda Storms, of whom we have made mention in 
this work. They have three children — AVillard C, Charles F. and Josie B. In 1865, he settled 
where he now resiiles, in the southern portion of York Township. In June, 1861, he enlisted 
in the Thirteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Army of the Cumberland, and participated at Shiloh, 
Murfreesboro, the siege of Corinth and Chickamauga, where, in September, 1863, he was taken 
prisoner by the Confederates, and for nearly one year was confined in Libby and other prisons, but 
was finally released. In October, 1864, he was honorably discharged. He is the owner of 260 
acres of land, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

PETER STALEY, farmer, P. O. Bokes Creek. The subject of this sketch was born April 
5, 1825, in Greene Couniy, Ohio; he was a son of Daniel Staley, a native of Maryland, and 
Catherine Staley, a native of Pennsylvania. When eight years of age, with his mother and 
step-father, Samuel Staley, his father having died when he was four years old, he came to Marys- 
ville, this county. On November 30, 1850, he was united in marriage to Miss Martha Turner, 
who was born March 20, 1829, and a daughter of Aquillaand Frances Turner, of Clark County, 
Ohio. To them have been born five children — Aquilla T., born October 18, 1860 ; Luther, born 
June 27, 1863; Alexander B., born June 12, 1865; Katie J., born May 16, 1867, and one 
that died in infancy. After living in different portions of York Township, he, finally, in the 
spring of 1881, with his family, settled a short distance south of Summersville, near Bokes Creek. 
He is a member of the Baptist, Church and of the F. & A. M. society, and the owner of 120 acres 
of land in a good state of cultivaiion. 

JOHN STAMATS, farmer, P. 0. Richwood. The subject of this sketch, a pioneer of York 
Township, was born August 17, 1803, in Westmoreland County, Penn. His parents were George 
Stamats (whose father was a Revolutionary soldier) and Ruth Stamats, with whom, in 1815, he 
emigrated to Muskingum County, Ohio. Of a family of nine children, four still survive — John 
George, Elizabeth ami Leah. They r^juiained in Muslcinguui County until their decease, he in 
September, 1857, and she in April, 1846. Our subject was reared on a farm, and for three 
years woi-ked on the Ohio Canal. On April 29, 1830, in Fairfield County, he married Miss Allie 
Coons, daughter of George and Keziah Coons. This union has been blessed with eight children, 
five of whom are now living. For one year after his marriage, Mr. Stamatz located in Fairfield 
County. In 1831, he came to Union County and settled in the northeastern portion of York 
Township, where he now resides. He has served asTrusteeof York Township, and is the owner 
of 100 acres of land. 

MALCHUS F. STAMATS, farmer, P. 0. Bokes Creek, was born April 22, 1836, in Union 
County, Ohio. After having obtained a good common school education, he attended for several terms, 
Hillsdale College, Michigan, and subsequently, for several terms, taught school in York and 
Taylor Townships, this county. On May 7, 1863, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary South- 
ard, who was born July 31, 1840 ; she is a daughter of Sylvester F. Southard (deceased) and 
Rebecca Southard, his wife. To them have been born four children, viz. : Dora, a teacher, born 



YORK TOWNSHIP. 555 

July 21, 1866 ; John 0., born May 26, 1868; Sattie E., born October 27, 1871, and Azona, bora 
July 3, 1874. Mr. Stamats is a member of the Free-Will Biptist Church ; he owns ninety-two 
and one-half acres of land, and resides in the eastern portion of York Township. 

MATTHEW E. STAMATS, farmer, P. 0. Richwood. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Union County, Ohio, April 22, 1836. He is a son of John and AUie Stamats, whose sketch 
appears in this work. He was reared on a farm and received a fairEaglish education. In Oc- 
tober, 1861, he enlisted in Company K, First Ohio Cavalry, and was attached to the Army of the 
Cumberland. He participated in the battles of Corinth, Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, 
Farmington, the siege of Atlanta, and numerous other engagements, and was honorably dis- 
charged in October, 1864. On April 3, 1879, he married Miss Mary M. Price, who was born 
May 5, 1848; she was a daughter of Thomas R. and Mary J. Price, who came to Union County 
about the year 1836. Mr. Stamats is a member of the F. & A. M. Lodge, and Grand Army of the 
Republic, and the owner of fifty acres of land. 

CVRUS STAMATS, fai-mer, P. 0. Bokes Creek. The subject of this sketch was born in 
Union County, Ohio, December 6, 1842 ; he is a brother of Matthew E. and Malchus F. Stamats, 
and a son of John Stamats, all of whom have biographies in this work. In October, 1862, he 
was enrolled in ttie First Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was attached to the Army of the Cum- 
berland. He was engaged in the battles of Chickamauga, Resaca, Mission Ridge, Kenesaw, 
Mountain, siege of Atlanta, and numerous other engagements. He endured many hardships 
while in the service, but has enrolled his name with the many thousands who so bravely de- 
fended the Federal flag, which was about to be trampled under the iron heel of a most formid- 
able enemy. He was honorably discharged in July, 1864. In January, 1873, he married Miss 
Margaret Fish, who was born January 2, 1850, in Union County, Ohio; she is a daughter of 
Cornelius E. and Elizabeth Fish, of Claibourne Township, this county. They have two chil- 
dren — Carrie, born February 8, 1874, and May, born October 3, 1875. Mr. Stamats is a mem- 
ber of the Free-Will Baptist Church, and the owner of 126 acres of land. 

DAVID STERLING (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born in Ireland April 15, 
1810 ; he was a son of John and Mary (Patterson) Sterling. When a youth, with his parents, 
he emigrated to America, and came to Pennsylvania, where they remained a short time. From 
Pennsylvania they came to Harrison County, Ohio, where they remained until his father's de- 
cease, about 1858; his mother died in September, 1862, in Union County. Our subject was 
reared principally on a farm and received a good common school education. He married, in 
Harrison County, Miss Mary Cox, who was born August 22, 1812. To them were born four chil- 
dren— Mary J., born May 25, 1833 ; John H., born Novemb^ 18, 1834; A. J., born October 12, 
1836, and Rebecca M., born May 26, 1841. In 1837, Mr. Sterling came to Union County and 
settled in the northern portion of York Township, where his son, John H., now resides. He 
settled in what was then termed the "woods," in the clearing of which he endured many hard- 
ships and privations. He had served as Trustee of York Township and as Justice of the Peace. 
He departed this life February 18, 1874, respected by all who knew him. His widow survived 
him until June 17, 1882. John H. Sterling, their son, at present has possession of the home- 
stead. 

JUDSON STORMS, farmer, P. 0. York. The subject of this sketch was born in Orleans 
County, N. Y., March 30, 1823, and in 1833, with his parents, Gregory and Melinda Storms, 
came to York Township, Union County, Ohio, and settled near the waters of Bokes Creek. His 
parents remained in York Township until their decease. Of their family of ten children, four 
are now living, viz.: William H., Elizabeth, Eliza and Judson. On May 17, 1847, the latter 
was united in marriage with Rebecca Davis, now deceased, a daughter of David and Keziah 
Davis, of whom we had made mention in this work. To them were born one child, viz.: Oliver 
C, who was born December 22, 1851, and on September 26, 1880, married Miss Ruth Stalder, 
daughter of Casper and Mary Stalder, and with her resides in York Township, near the home 
of our subject. Mr. Storms also, was a soldier in the late war of the rebellion for a short 
time, thereby adding his name to the roll of honor, which will perpetuate his memory for gen- 
erations to come. He is a member of the United Brethren Church, and the owner of ninety- 
five acres of land. With his second wife, in a comfortable home, he resides near the central 
portion of York Township. 

ALEXANDER TALLMAN, farmer, P. 0. York, was born in June, 1833, in Logan County, 
Ohio, and is a son of Benjamin and Ruth Tallman, natives of New Jersey, who came to Cham- 
paign County, Oliio, about 1822. They, however, remained in Champaign County but a short 
lime, when they moved to Logan County, where they remained until their decease. Of a family 
of ten children, nine are now living, viz.: Thomas W., Francis, William, Ruth A., Mary J., 
Alexander, Benjamin B., George W. and Sarah. On April 22, 1855, our subject married Lydia 
Bailey; she was born June 12, 1834, in Guernsey County, Ohio, and is a daughter of William 
B. Bailey, a native of Virginia, and Mary Bailey, a native of New Jersey. To them have been 
born two children — Adelaide and Mary M. In the fall of 1868, he came to Union County, and 
resided in Washington Township until November, 1881^ at which time he settled in the northern 
portion of York Township, where he now resides. Mr. Tallman is a self-made man, and the 
owner of fifty acres of land. 



556 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

JOHN E. TOBEY, farmer, P. 0. York. William Tobey, father of the subject of this sketch, 
was born March 3, 1805, in Saratoga County, N. Y. ; his parents were Heman and Hannah 
Tobey. Heman having lost his first wife, married Martha Wilkins, with whom and other mem- 
bers of his family he emigrated to Union County, Ohio, about the year 1832, and settled in 
York Township, near the waters ot Bokes Creek, where he remained until his decease. William 
Tobey was united in marriage May 10, 1827, to Miss Ada A. Brooks, who was born February 
12, 1810, in Ontario County, N. Y. ; she was a daughter of Nathaniel and Margaret Brooks, 
who came to York Township, Union County, about the year 1833. In the fall of 1832, he came 
to Union County, his parents having arrived in the spring of the same year. He settled in 
York Township, near York Center, where he remained until about 1855, when he located for 
nine years on the farm at present occupied by Daniel M. Russel. In the spring of 1864, he 
removed to Mount Victory, Hardin County, where he resided until the winter of 1881, at which 
time he returned to York Township, wnere he now resides. Mr. and Mrs. Tobey are the 
parents of nine children, of whom two are now living, viz.: Our subject and Henry A. Mr. 
Tobey was elected first Treasurer of York Township, and has also served as Trustee, Clerk and 
Justice of the Peace. Of late years he has been afflicted with paralysis, and at present is in 
rather feeble health. The subject of this sketch was born May 18, 1837, in Union County, 
Ohio ; he is one of York Township's successful farmers. On March 31, 1858, he was united in 
marriage to Miss Margaret Harris, who was born April 20, 1837 ; she is a daughter of Jacob 
and Elizabeth Harris of whom we have made mention in this work. To them have been born 
six children — Myron 0., Jennie M., Eddie J.. William S., Archibald B. and Ada E., the latter 
three of whom are deceased. Mr. Tobey is a member of the United Brethren Church, and is the 
owner of 100 acres of land. 

JOHN TRIMBLE, farmer, P. 0. York. The subject of this sketch was born February 27 
1830, in Jefferson County, Ohio. He is a son of Robert and Sarah Trimble, natives of Vir- 
ginia, who emigrated to Jefferson County, Ohio, at an early day. They were the parents of 
seven children, of whom four are now living, viz.: Lucy, John, Rebecca and Sarah J. When 
a boy, with his parents, our subject moved from Jefferson to Harrison County, where, on March 
22, 1851, he married Miss Margaret Sterling, daugliter of John and Mary Sterling, of Harrison 
County. To them have been born five children, viz.: James S., Mary J. (deceased), Robert 
W., Rebecca E. and Rusilla N. In the autumn of 1853, Mr. Trimble came to Union County, and 
settled near the central portion of York Township, where he at present resides. In connection 
with his farming, he is also engaged in the manufecture of tile, for drainage purposes. In the 
spring of 1879, he was electeil Treasurer of York Township, in which capacity he still officiates. 
He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and class leader in the church, and the owner 
of eighty-five acres of land. 

HIRAM AVATTS, farmer, P. 0. York, was born December 28, 1822, in Franklin County, 
Ohio. His parents were John and Sarah Watts, natives of New York State, who settled in 
Franklin County, Ohio, at an early day. They had eight children, of whom five are now living, 
viz.: Hiram, William, John, Maria and Nicholas. On December 22, 1843, in Franklin County, 
Hiram was united in marriage to Sarah J. Goldsmith, who was born January 15, 1823, in 
Franklin County. She is a daughter of Thomas Goldsmith a native of Virginia, and Elizabeth 
Goldsmith, a native of Pennsylvania. The fruits of this union are six children — Horace W.. 
John J., Charles D., William J., Carrie A. and Emma R (deceased). Mr. Watts resided in 
Franklin County until 1865, in which year, with his family, he came to this county, and settled 
in York Township, near York Center, where he now resides. He has served as Trustee in York 
Township, is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and the owner of 135 acres of land. 

CHARLES E. WILKINS, farmer, P. 0. Richwood. Beriah P. Wilkins, father of the sub- 
ject of this sketch, was born in Saratoga County, N. Y., May 26, 1792. He was a son of James 
Wilkins, a valiant soldier of the Revolutiona'ry war, and Elsie Wilkins. Having reached the 
years of manhood, he married, on December 24, 1814, in New York State, Miss Amanda Rhodes. 
She was born October 19, 1797, and was a daughter of Capt. James Rhodes. By this union 
there was an issue of three children — Charles E., Joseph R. and Alfred F. (deceased). In 1836, 
he came to Union County, Ohio, and bought 210 acres of land in York Township, our subject's 
farm being part of the original purchase. In 1837, with his family, he settled in his new home 
in what was then comparatively a fortst. He endured the usual hardships and privations 
connected with pioneer life, and remained where he settled until his decease, in October, 1858. 
He had' served as Trustee of York Township, and was respected by all who knew him. His wife 
departed this life in August, 1877. Our subject was born March 6, 1822, in New York State, 
and when fifteen years of age, with his parents, came to Union County, Ohio. On May 18, 1847, 
he married Miss Martha M. Raymond, who was born July 26, 1826, in Saratoga County, N. Y. 
Her father, Nathan Raymond, was born in 1779, in Connecticut; his father, Nathan, was a Revo- 
lutionary soldier. When a boy, with his parents, he removed to Saratoga County, N. Y., where 
he married Martha Chard, by whom he had seven children, two of whom are now living, viz.: 
Martha M. and Ambrose. In 1839, he came to Union County, Ohio, where he remained until 
his decease, November 7, 1847 ; bis wife died September 4, of the same year. Mr. and Mrs. 
Wilkins are the parents of seven children — Edwin R., Amanda C, John F., Mary E., Hattie M., 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 557 

Allie K. and Minerva J. (deceased). Mr. Wilkins has served as Trustee and Clerk of York 
Township. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and the owner of seventy-seven acres 
of land. 

LEVEN WRIGHT (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born April 22, 1809, in 
Maryland, and when nine years of age, with his parents, James and Hannah Wright, he came 
to Fairfield County, Ohio, where his parents remained until their decease. About the year 1834. 
with his sister Rebecca, he came to Union County, and settled in the northern portion of York 
Township, where he remained until his decease. In 1837, he married Letitia Coons, daughter 
of George and Keziah Coons. By this union there was an issue of three children, two of whom 
are now living, viz.: Rebecca and James. She died in March, 1844, and in August, 1844, he 
married Mis.s Sarah Thornton, who was born March 22, 1821 She was a daughter of Jesse and 
Nancy Thornton, of Union County, the former a native of North Carolina, and the latter of Vir- 
ginia. This union has been blessed with seven children, three of whom are now living — Oscar, 
Mahlon and Mary. After spending a life of usefulness, he died November 27,1873. He was a 
kind and loving father and an indulgent husband, respected by the large circle of friends 
that knew him. For many years he served as Trustee of York Township; was a member of the 
Free- Will Baptist Church, and left to his widow, who still resides on the homestead, 156 acres 
of land. 



CHAPTER XII. 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. J ■ /3 ■ S^-tT^'v^ ' 

THE territory of Claibourne has sucessively formed^ part of many town- 
ships. In 1825, shortly after the first settlement was made here, it be- 
came a portion of the new township of Leesbm-g. In 1829, at the formation of 
Jackson, most of its territory was embraced in it, and so remained until the or- 
ganization of Claibourne, in 1834. 

The journal of the County Commissioners under date of March 4, 1883, 
contains this entry: 

" This day Cyprian Lee presented a petition for dividing the township of 
Jackson into two townships, the sonthern part to be called Claibourne, and 
the northern part to retain the name of Jackson ; whereupon the Commission- 
ers order that said township of Claibourne be laid off from said township of 
Jackson, beginning at the fourth mile tree southwardly from the northeasterly 
corner of said Jackson Township; thence parallel with the north line thereof." 

March 5, 1833. — " This day it was ordered by the Commissioners that 
Levi Phelps proceed to lay off the township of Claibourne, beginning at the 
fourth mile tree southwardly from the northeast corner of the township 
of Jackson; thence running westwardly, parallel with the north line of Jack- 
son Township to the division line between the township of Liberty; to be 
done as soon as convenient." 

For some unknown reason the township was not then surveyed and or- 
ganized as the following entry will make appear: 

" March 5, 1834. — This is the day it was ordered by the Commissioners — 
on the application of various individuals — that a new township to be called 
Claibourne, to commence on the east boundary of the county of Union at the 
first mile tree south of the Indian Boundary Line; thence west, parallel with 
the northern boundary of said county to the east boundary of York, to be laid 
off; to be run by Levi Phelps, prior to the next June session." 

The first election for State and county oflficers was held October 14, 1834. 
Absalom Carney, Nathaniel Wilson and George Clark were elected Judges; 
William Price and JohnP. Brookins, Clerks. Nineteen votes were cast — those 
of Nathan Richardson, Absalom Carney, John T. Evans, John Carney, William 
Price, Nathaniel Wilson, J. P. Brookins, Philip Plummer, William Phillips, 
George Clark, John Calloway, John Dakin, William Sirpless, Adam Burge, Lar- 



558 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

kin Touguet, John Dilf avor, Eleazor Rose, Hiram Andrews and William Jack- 
son. For Governor, Robert Lucas received 14 votes, James Finley, 5; for 
Congressman, Sampson Mason, 18, Samuel Newell, 1; for Representative, 
Nicholas Hathaway,13, Otway Cm'ry, 6; for Senator, Samuel Newell, 18; for 
Commissioner, Thomas Parr, 19; for Sheriff, Calvin Winget, 19; for Coroner, 
JohnAdamson, 19. 

I'olitically, the township was for several years Democratic; it then be- 
came Whig, and that party maintained the ascendency until its extinction. 
Since then it has been strongly Republican. 

VOTE FOR GOVERNOR. 

The complete vote of the township, from the date of its organization to 
the pi'esent, for Governor of the State, is herewith presented: 

1834 — Robert Lucas, 14; James Finley, 5; total, 19. 

1836— Joseph Vance, 28; Eli Baldwin, 14; total, 42 

1838 — Joseph Vance, 27; Wilson Shannon, 35; total, 62. 

1840— Thomas Corwin, 52; Wilson Shannon, 38; total, 88. 

1842 — Thomas Corwin, 52; Wilson Shannon, 36; Leicester King, 2; to- 
tal, 90. 

1844— Mordecai Bartley, 62; David Tod, 43; total, 105. 

1846— William Bebb, 52; David Tod, 26; total, 78. 

1848— Seabury Ford, 91; John B. AVeller, 42; scattering, 1; total, 134. 

1850— William Johnson, 84; Reuben Wood, 59; Ed. Smith, 1; total, 
144. 

1851 — Samuel F. Vinton. 103; Reuben Wood, 59; Samuel Lewis, 6; 
total, 168. 

1853 — Nelson Barrere, 58; William Medill, 90; Samuel Lewis, 47; total, 
195. 

1855— Salmon P. Chase, 125; William Medill, 55; total, 180. 

1857— Salmon P. Chase, 128; H. B. Payne, 81; total, 209. 

1859— William Dennison, 146; R. P. Ranney, 50; total, 196. 

1861— David Tod, 192; H. J. Jewett, 53; total, 245. 

1863— John Brough, 237; C. L. Vallandigham, 79; total, 316. 

1865— J. D. Cox, 210; George W. Morgan, 78; total, 288. 

1867— R. B. Hayes, 245; A. G. Thm-man, 118; total, 363. 

1869— R. B. Hayes, 229; G. R Pendleton, 112; total, 341. 

1871— E. F. Noves, 258; George W. McCook, 100; total, 358. 

1873— E. F. Noyes, 295; William Allen, 190; J. C. Collins, 28; G. T. 
Stewart, 22; total, 485. ' 

1875— R. B. Hayes, 378; William Allen, 230; Jay Odell, 11; total, 619. 

1877— William H. West, 885; R. M. Bishop, 222; H. H. Thompson, 5; 
total, 612. 

1879— Charles Foster, 381; Thomas Ewing, 235; G. T. Stewart, 54; A. 
Sanders Piatt. 5; total, 675. 

1881— Charles Foster, 371; John W. Bookwalter, 171; A. R. Ludlow, 
72; total, 614. 

JUSTICES. 

In 1829, Henry Swartz was commissioned Justice of the Peace for Lees- 
burg Township. He resided in the portion that is now Claibourne. Philip 
Plummer was the Justice of Jackson Township, who resided in what is now 
Claibourne at the time of its oi'ganiztion. His commisssion expired in 1836. 
Since that time the justice3 have been as follows: J. P. Brookins, 1836; Philip 
Plummer, 1837; John P. Brookins, 1837; William Jackson, 1840, resigned 1841; 




V ^^ 



).J.: 



B.P.Glascoe 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 561 

J. P. Brookins, 1840; Cornelius Stiers, 1841; James B. W. Haynes, 1841; John 
P. Graham, 1842; James B. W. Haynes, 1844; William Hamilton, 1845; 
James B. W. Haynes, 1847; William Hamilton, 1848; W. H. Ferguson, 
1851, resigned the same year; John M. C. Mulvain, 1851; J. B. W\ Haynes, 
1851; Jacob C. Sidle, 1854; J. B. W. Haynes, 1854; Jacob C. Sidle, 1857; n. 
W. Rosette, 1857; Jacob C. Sidle, 1860; Charles W. Rosette, 1860; Jacob 
C. Sidle, 1863; Charles W. Rosette, 1863; Jacob C. Sidle, 1866; Charles W. 
Rosette, 1866; L. A. Hedges, 1869; William H. Conkright, 1869; L. A. 
Hedges, 1872; William H. Conki-ight, 1872; William J. Wood, 1874; G. B. 
Hamilton, 1875; J. C. Sidle, 1876; M. W. Hill, 1878; J. S. Gill, 1878; W. 
J. Woods, 1879; Seth S. Gardner, 1880; H. M. Wright, 1880; M. W. Hill, 
1881. 

SURVEYS. 

The original sui'veys which compose the present limits of Claibourne 
Township, together with their original proprietorships, areas, surveyors, and 
dates of survey, are as follows: 

Richard Claibourne, No. 220, 1,250 acres, surveyed September 7, 1811, 
by Joseph Kerr; Richard Claibom-ne, No. 22i>, 416 acres, same surveyor and 
date; John Nicholas, No. 5,809, 2,000 acres, surveyed June 1,1809, by James 
Galloway, Levin Joynes, No. 6,107, 633^ acres, surveyed by Joseph Kerr, 
September 10, 1810; John Crouse, No. 6,161,823 acres, surveyed by Joseph Kerr, 
February 15, 1809; John Evans and Edward Owings, No. 6,22*8, 500 acres, 
surveyed by James Denny, April 18, 1811; heirs of BuUer Claibourne, No. 
6,293, 4,267 acres, surveyed by James Galloway, Jr., July 21, 1809; William 
Pelham, No. 6,307, 1,200 acres, surveyed by James Galloway, Jr., November 
16, 1809; William Pelham, No. 6,307, 1,200 acres, same' date and sui'veyor; 
William Pelham, No. 0,307, 380 acres, surveyed by James Galloway, Jr., 
November 14, 1809; W^illiam and Isaac Corruthers, assignees. No. 7,008,2,400 
acres, sm-veyed October 28, 1808, by James Galloway, Jr. ; Andrew Moore, 
No. 7,008, 800 acres, surveyed October 29, 1808, by James Galloway, Jr.; 
William Murdock, No. 12,654, 500 acres, surveyed July 10, 1829, by Allen 
Latham; Cadwallader Wallace Nos 13,440, 13,449 and 13,526, 614 acres, 
surveyed by proprietor, May 9, 1834; William Pelham, No. 6,308, 280 acres, 
pai-tly in Delaware County, surveyed November 14, 1809, by James Galloway; 
John Gibson, No. 7,869, 800 acres, surveyed August 25, 1813, by John 
Kerr; representatives of Thomas Ruffin, No. 6,301, 400 acres, surveyed July 
20, 1809, by James Galloway, Jr. There are also in the township small frac;- 
tions of Nos. 6,129 and 6,162, which are mostly in Delaware County. 

Claibourne Township is located in the northeastern part of Union Coun- 
ty. It is bounded on the north by Jackson Township, on the east by Marion 
and Delaware Counties, on the south by Leesburg and Taylor Townships, 
and on the west by York. It is one of the largest townships in the county 
and the second in population Its name is derived from the BuUer-Claibourne 
Survey, which is the largest in the county, and which at the organization of 
the township contained nearly all the settlers, then within its limits of the lat 
ter. Fulton Creek is the principal stream. It enters at the northwest corner 
of the township from York and flows out near the southeast corner. It is said 
that the stream received its name from the fact that Mr. Fulton, an attache of 
a surveying party, which was surveying land in this vicinity, while attempt- 
ing to cross the creek over a log one cold winter day, slipped and fell into the 
water. The stream was high and it was with difiSculty that he was rescued 
by his comrades. The soil is argillacious; the surf ace, generally level and in 
places slightly rolling. A heavy growth of timber covered the township when 

30 



562 HISTOKY OF UNION COUNTY. 

first settled, interspersed with a thick growth of underbrush and vines, as the 
following incident will testify: Daniel Swartz, residing just north of Rich- 
wood, on going to mill once to Millville, thirteen miles distant, directed Mrs. 
Swartz to watch the cattle and not permit thfyn to stray far from home. After a 
while, not seeing them, she climbed an old log that had fallen partly to the 
ground, not far from the cabin dooi*, and on looking around discovered the 
cows only a few yards away, almost at her feet, in the thick brush, that had 
obscured her view from below. 

INDIANS. 

The Indian occupancy of the soil now embraced within the limits of 
Claibourne Township, as a hunting ground was for a long time undisturbed 
by the jDresence of white men after the settlement of pioneers in other parts 
of the State. It lies adjoining the Greenville treaty line, the territory north 
of which had been reserved by treaty for the exclusive use of the red men. 
Within the township were some favorite hunting grounds. The site of Rich- 
wood, elevated slightly above the surrounding country, was rich not only with 
an abundant growth of plants and forest trees, but in game as well, and that 
the Indians often tented on these grounds is handed down by tradition, and 
is established by the many relics that have been found in the vicinity. 
Knives, fragments of Indian saddles, brooches, tomahawks and all the accou- 
trements of camp life have been brought to light, in the preparation of the 
soil for agriculture. In the gravel pit owned by Mrs. Susanna Swartz, sit- 
uated just north of Richwood, numerous skeletons have been exposed. 

After the earliest pioneers had taken possession of the country, the for 
ests were ranged by hunters, from both races for many years. The Indians 
would not tolerate the presence of white men north of the Greenville line, but 
frequently hunted south of the line. The best state of feeling did not exist 
between the Indians and settlers, though amicable relations were usually 
maintained. Whether the red or white men were the first aggressors is not 
known, but if either committed a wrong, however slight, retaliation would surely 
ensue. The Indians, either in a spirit of retaliation or from an innate prone- 
ness to evil, would occasionally shoot the settlers' hogs as they were feeding 
in the woods, and commit other depredations. In bee-hunting, it was a cus- 
tom sacred among the pioneers engaged in this pursuit that when a bee tree 
was found by one of them and marked with the tinder's initials it at once be- 
came his property, to be relieved of its honey at the hunter's leisure; and for 
another to abstract the honey was regarded as detestable a crime as to steal a 
horse. The Indians, however, were not afi'ected by any such scruples, and 
when one of them discovered the home of a swarm of bees, he rifled it of its 
treasure, whether or not a prior badge of ownership had been stamped upon 
the tree. Such proceedings naturally incensed the settlers. The principal 
game was deer, but the practice of the Indians while hunting on the white 
man's hunting ground, were such as to drive the game from the vicinity. They 
would crouch low in the tall grass, and, imitating the bleating of a fawn, at- 
tract the doe to the spot where they were concealed. They would then 
kill and skin it, leaving the young to perish. The stench arising from 
the decaying carcasses would drive the deer to other grounds. An old 
hunter claims lo have counted in one Indian camp, between Fulton and 
Bokes Creek, the hides of sixty deer that had been killed in this way. Yet 
a friendly relation was maintained. The Indians would call at the cabins of 
the settlers and eat with them. They would engage with them in foot races 
and various kinds of games, and often hunt in their company 

The tradition prevails that Henry Swartz and Ned Williams, two of the 
first settlers of Claibourne, killed two Indians on Peacock Run, in the south- 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 563 

em part of the township. The fact was never established, but the niissing 
Indians were never heai'd of again, and circumstances pointed strongly to their 
removal from this world by these two primitive backwoodsmen. Mr. Swartz 
possessed an irascible temper, which would often vent itself on the heads of 
the savages. On one occasion he beat one of them with the ram-rod of his 
gun. He would steal into their camps while they were off hunting and there 
play annoying tricks. The Indians sought Swartz and wanted a reconcilia- 
tion. He gave them no satisfaction. They then set up sticks with bullets on the 
ends around their camp to indicate war. Soon after, two Indians who had gone 
hunting did not return. Their comrades searched diligently for them, but with- 
out any results. Suspecting foul play, they carefully examined brush heaps and 
thickets and wandered excitedly along the banks of the creeks peering intently 
into their depths, but no trace of the lost men was found. They had traced 
them to Peacock Run, but there found no further indications of their presence. 
Capt. Henry Swartz and Ned "Williams had been clearing land and burning 
brush in this vicinity, and the Indians suspected them. They visited Swartz' s 
cabin; he was apparently unconcerned, but watchful. They wished to be 
friendly, they said; wanted to shoot at a mark with him and to borrow his gun. 
biit he refused every request. One day an old Indian hunter came to him 
and proposed a hunt, to which Capt. Swartz at length agreed. The Indian 
desired Swartz to lead, but the latter declined. They hunted for a long time, 
watching each other more closely than for game. Finally the Indian brave 
proposed that they divide. " You take that side and I this," he said. " No, 
replied Swartz, "you take this side and I that," choosing the side toward 
home. They separated, and when Swartz supposed he had left the Indian out 
of sight, he turned and hastened rapidly home. The Indian soon followed 
and in a great rage exclaimed, " You lie, you no hunt, you lie. " But as a 
discharge still remained in the rifle of Capt. Swartz, the Indian made no 
further demonstration and departed spet-dily. Mr. Swartz was alwayn after- 
ward very cautious and vigilant when he believed the Indians were near him. 
They soon afterward withdrew permanently from the region. 

Capt. Swartz, when afterward asked about this affair, would never com- 
mit himself, one way nor the other. He neither denied nor admitted that he 
killed or knew of the death of the Indians. But " Neddy " "Williams, when he 
was made somewhat indifferent to consequences by a few drinks of liquor, 
loved to boast that he knew where there were two good rifles in a hollow syca- 
more tree, and said they were put in by climbing a slender tree by the side 
of a sycamore and dropping them through an opening in the tree made by the 
breaking off' of the upper part of the trunk. There was a well-beaten path 
along the bank of Peacock Bun by the side of which stood an old sycamore, 
from which had fallen a large limb, sinking deep into the ground. This was 
near the place where Swartz and Williams had been clearing, and around the 
limb a large lire had been made. After a fall of snow, Mr. Zach Stephens, u 
brother-in-law of Henry Swartz, while hunting for some lost cattle, stepped 
into the hole made by the limb. He fell, and on withdrawing his foot found 
the lower jaw bone of a human being clinging to the heel of his boot. Sus- 
pecting the manner in which it had been placed there, he took it with him to 
Swartz's cabin, and holding it before the proprietor of the domicile, said: 
" Henry, do you know anything about ihisf Swartz grew pale, but made no 
response. It was currently believed that he and Williams had killed the In- 
dians and buried the remains. 

Cyprian Lee, is universally accredited with being the first settler of Clai- 
bourne Township. He was heir to one-third of the Buller Claibourne Sur- 
vey of 4,267 acres, and for his share took the southern third. The exact date 



564 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

of his settlement here is unknown, though it was some time between 1820 and 
1825, and probably not far from the lirst-mentioned date.* Mr. Lee was 
from Delaware. He first came out about 1820, a young unmarried man, and 
to find and see the land he owned. He then returned to Delaware, married 
Elizabeth Co'^per and returned to his backwoods home with his young wife. 
By trade he was a shoe-maker, and he followed the business to some extent in 
this township. In physique, he was short and muscular and quick in action. 
His was the first cabyi built west of the Scioto River in this region, and the 
date of its erection was a gala day for the settlers on the river. It stood 
several miles south of Richwood on the south bank of Fulton Creek, a few 
rods west of the bridge on the Marysville pike. The men who helped raise 
the cabin were mostly from the Scioto River. Among them were John L. 
Swartz and his two sons, Henry and Abram, John B. and Zachariah Dilsaver, 
James Cochran, Sr., John Hurd, Russell Fields and William Gallant. The 
occasion was one of great hilarity, and the popular beverage flowed freely. 
It was proposed, when the cabin was completed, that the place of the settlement 
of Mr. Lee should be named. John L. Swartz, an old but jovial German, 
said, Boys, ketch Lee." Lee eluded their grasp for some time, but finally 
submitted with good grace to the ordinance of christening. The ceremony 
was performed by Mr. Swartz, who took a flask of whisky, and pouring the 
contents on the uncovered head of Lee, exclaimed with all the solemnity he 
could assume, " Veil, ve calls it Leesburg." The name survived the occasion 
and was afterward given to the new township formed from this and other ter- 
ritory. Mr. Leo did not remain on his farim here longer than a few years. 
He was elected County Treasurer, and removed to Marysville, where he en- 
gaged in business aud became a prominent citizen. 

The next three settlers were Edward Williams, Robert Cotrell and Henry 
Swartz. Each of them purchased a farm from Mr. Lee and settled in a cluster, 
neighbors to Lee. Of the three, Ned Williams, as he was familiarly called, 
was the first to arrive, probably about 1822. He bought 100 acres from Mr. 
Lee and settled on it with his wife, Rebecca (Wilson), and children, Sally and 
Wilson. He was a hard working, industrious farmer, and keenly enjoyed 
himting, and often engaged in it, and who was somewhat addicted to the prac- 
tice, then quite common, of indulging freely in the products of the still. He 
died suddenly while on his way with a load of wheat to Portland, Lake Erie. 
His widow after a time removed to other parts. 

To Robert Cotrell is accorded the honor of being the third settler within 
the present limits of Claibourne Township. He came, perhaps in 1823. A 
native of Virginia, he emigrated to Ohio and tarried for a space of two cr three 
years on the west bank of the Scioto River, in Delaware County, about two 
miles up the river from the mouth of Bokes Creek. He rented property here 
and farmed industriously, then bought 100 or more acres from Mr. Lee. He 
had married Elizabeth Tyler in Virginia, and had two children when he emigrat- 
ed to Ohio, and several were born since their arrival in this State. They 
were Richard, Samuel, Gabriel, Eliza (Dilsaver), Jane (Lindsley) and Su- 
sanna (Kaiser). Mr. Cotrell was a small, rather slightly built man, but 
active and fond of fun. He owned only the few chattels which his neighbors 
did during the first years of his settlement, but when he was in a jovial 
mood he took delight in recounting to strangers the large amount of stock and 
other property he claimed to possess. The County Assessor visited him one 
year, and Mr. Cotrell was not aware of his official position. To the inquiries 
as to the extent of his personal wealth, he answered so much in accordance 
with the view of humor which then possessed him that his taxes were much 

*Seo account of t'ypriau Lao in history of Marysville, this volume. 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. . 565 

greater than those of his neighbors. After some opposition, he paid the amount, 
but the experience made him more wary with strangers thereafter. All in all 
he was an industrious and upright man. He died on the place he first settled 
in Claibourne Township. 

Henry Swartz was born in Pennsylvania and emigrated with his father, 
John L. Swartz, to Highland County, Ohio; thence they moved to the Scioto 
Kiver, in Delaware County. Henry Swartz there married Ann Stevens, pur- 
chased a forest farm from Cyprian Lee just north of the Sidle Methodist Protest- 
ant Church, and built his cabin northeast of Fulton Creek. The cabins 
of his three neighbors — Lee, Williams and Cotrell — were south of the creek. 
Mr. Swartz moved over to his new home about 1823 or 1824. He is described as 
being a tall, well-formed man, very strong, aggi-essive, not the least cowardly, and. 
withal, a kind, clever man. He had been a soldier in the war of 1812, and 
understood the Indian character very well and had no love for it. He was a 
great hunter, killing from sixty to eighty deer in a reason and cutting as 
many as seventy bee trees in a single fall, besides taking a considerable 
amount of other game. He sold the farm he first purchased in this township 
and bought another just north of Richwood, where he lived a few years. He 
was also in business for a short time in Richwood, but at last removed to De- 
fiance County, where he died at a ripe old age. 

The Clarks, four brothers — James, George, Henry and John— probably 
made the next settlement in Claibom'ne Township. The first three became the 
holders of 1,675 acres of land off the north part of the Buller Claibourne sur- 
vey, just east of Richwood, divided it among themselves and settled on it in 
1826. They were from Amherst County, Va., and about 1822 emigrated to 
Miami County, Ohio, where they remained two years and then journeyed to 
the Scioto River in Delaware County. Two years later they entered upon 
their extensive land possessions. George came first. He was an old bachelor, 
and died on the place at the age of more than eighty years. Henry was mar- 
ried to Mary Fay, in 1824, in Delaware County. After residing in Claibourne 
Township for some time, he sold his property to Louis Hedges and removed 
to Illinois, where he died. James married Sarah Wilson, sold his land to 
Jacob Beem and took up his residence in Delaware County, where he died. 
John Clark came to Ohio in 1816 and settled first in Miami County. He re- 
mained there until 1824, when he removed to Delaware County. Four years 
afterward he purchased from one of his brothers a small place two and a half 
miles east of Richwood and settled there. He died in Delaware County, in 
1850, aged seventy-seven years. 

Mrs. Sarah Touguet, a sister of the Clarks, and widow, came with her 
eight children to Claibourne Township in 1826, and made the cabin of her 
bachelor brother, George Clark, her home. Four of the eight children still 
survive — Clarka, the wife of Maj. John Calloway, Henry, of Logan County, 
John A. J., in this, and Steward in Jackson Township. 

David Field, a colored man, received 100 acres of land from Cyprian 
Lee for two years' labor and settled on it about 1826. He was born a slave, 
given his freedom and brought to Delaware County when a boy by John Mark. 
He was a strong, muscular man, and would not bear imposition. For a while 
he was industrious and economical, but through sickness his farm became in- 
volved and he finally lost it. He never regained any property and died a 
pauper in an adjoining county. 

Nathaniel Wilson came from Ross County, Ohio, about 1830, and settled 
on the Cyprian Lee farm. He was of Scotch-Irish descent and by religious 
afiiliation a Presbyterian. His four children were Joseph, William, Elizabeth, 
who married William Touguet and Sally, the wife of James Clark. Mr. 



566 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Wilson afterward moved to Richwood, and after a time departed and took 
up his abode in some other locality. 

John Smith, or " Buffalo Smith," as he was universally called, a large, 
rough character, rough in physique and rough in manners, but kind hearted, 
took a " squatter's '" claim on 100 acres in the Lee settlement very early and 
lived there for awhile. He then removed to Marion County. 

The Henry Swartz place, three miles south of Richwood, was purcliased 
by Henry Shisler, a German, who came to Claibourne from Licking County 
about 1832. His children were John, William, Sarah (Beem), Mary (Rose), 
Elizabeth (Sturdevant), Lydia and Anna (Reed). 

Eleazor Rose, his son-in-law, came about the same tinie and settled upon 
the same farm. He, too, was born in Licking County. After tilling the soil a 
number of years at this place, he removed to a farm on Rush Creek, and there 
spent the remainder of his life. 

Basil Bridge, in 1834, bought a farm of 114 acres, now the L. Myers 
place, just southeast of Richwood, from one of the Clarks, and settled upon it 
with his large family. It was then a dense wilderness. He was a native of 
Canada, but moved to New York in 1812 and enlisted in the American Army, 
though then but sixteen years old. In 1814, he married Almira Warner, a 
native of Vermont, and in 1815 emigrated to Ohio, settling in Ames Township, 
Athens County; thence he removed to the Scioto River in Delaware County, 
and to Claibourne in 1834. He died in 1859 in Marion County. His widow 
survived until December, 1S74. Of their ten children, the oldest, Sarah Jane, 
the wife of John Dilsaver, is the only resident of Union County. 

Zerah Lindsley, in the autumn of 1832, removed to Claibourne from 
Thompson Township, Delaware County, but not liking the country remained 
only till the following spring. Fifty acres of land then sold for one horse and 
the labor of splitting 1,000 rails. Mr. Lindsley now resides at Richwood. 

Thomas Andrews, a German, came from Licking County about 1830 or 
1832 and settled on what is now the' Elijah Harris place, about one and a 
fourth miles soath of Richwood. His wife was Phoebe, a sister of Ebenezer 
Rose; his children wwe Hiram, Peter, Phoebe and Elizabeth. Mr. An- 
drews sold his farm and removed to Marion County. He ultimately emigrated 
to Iowa and died there. 

Adam Andrews, a cousin of the above, came about the same time and 
from the same place. He settled on a farm just south of Richwood, now 
owned and occupied by J. A. Phillips. He soon after sold it to Adam Dil- 
saver and moved West. 

Adam Dilsaver came to Claibourne about 1832 from Fairfield County, 
after stopping a short time in Delaware County until he could look up a good 
location. His wife was Sally (Winstead), and his three children, Harrison, 
Elizabeth, and Ann Maria. After living for a few years on the place he had 
purchased from Mr. Andrews, he removed with his family to Winnebago Coun- 

ty, ill. 

John Dilsaver, in December, 1835, settled on the farm which he still owns, 
about two miles south of Richwood. He had married Jane Bridge July 14 
preceding. He was born in Fairfield County in 1806, and about 1812 emi- 
grated with his father, Michael Dilsaver, to the Scioto River in Delaware 
County. John remained here, working out some, however, in this township, 
until his marriage and settlement on his own farm. He was reared on the 
frontier, and in his youth wore deer-skin clothes, the usual garb of the back- 
woodsmen of that day. From the earnings of manual daily labor, he saved 
means enough to purchase his land, and has since accumulated more. He 
raised his family on this farm and is still a resident thereon, one of the old 
and highly esteemed pioneers of this locality. 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 567 

Adam Imbody, about 1835, settled about three miles south of Richwood, 
north of Fulton Creek, on the farm now owned by D. A. Bigelow. He was a 
German, and had emigrated from the State of New York. He brought with 
him his wife and four children, and reared a large family. He moved after- 
ward to Marion County and died there. 

As will be noticed, all the above settlers occupied farms on the Buller 
Claibourne Survey. Most of the other surveys were not yet in market, the 
proprietor? doubtless withholding them for higher prices than were then cur- 
rent. Between 1835 and 1840, the settlements became more scattering, and at 
the later date dotted all parts of the township. 

Among the most important settlements was that of the Grahams. Samuel 
Graham, son of John and Jane Graham, was born in Jefferson County Novem- 
ber 3, 1800. From Jefferson he removed to Carroll County, and from it to 
White-Eyes Township, Coshocton County, with his parents, while yet in his 
youth. He was mai'ried October 16, 1821, to Sarah Butterfield, who was 
born in Fayette County, Penn. , July 22, 1803, and came to Cari-oll County 
when two years old, with his parents. Mr. Graham remained in Co- 
shocton County, engaged in farming, until 1836. In June of that year, he 
purchased 100 acres, just northwest of Richwood, from Henry Swartz, and in 
the followiug September moved to it with his family. He continued to reside 
on this farm until his death, which occuri'ed by accident on the railroad, April 
13, 1864. Mr. Graham had occasion to visit Marion. The railroad was then 
in process of building and he received permission to travel on the coastruction 
train. Oq his return trip, the weather was severe and the car upon which he 
was riding, with others, an open one. He was walking back and forth from 
one car to another to dispell the numbing sensation of cold, when a sudden 
jerk of the cars threw him beneath the wheels and he was instantly crushed. 
He had been an upright man, and was a consistent member of the Methodist 
Protestant Church for thirty-three years. Of his twelve children, three died 
young; John, is a Methodist Episcopal minister at Richwood; Margaret is the 
wife of William Fisher, of this township; Thomas B. , a Methodist Protestant 
minister, is now at North Lewisburg, Ohio; Samuel P.. died in Illinois in 
1865; Francis M., died two years ago;Lydia Ann, occupies the old homestead; 
Joel D., resides in this township; William J., enlisted in the service and died 
in the Louisville, Ky., Hospital; Martha, wife of Benjamin A. Snowden, re- 
sides in Claibourne Township. 

In 1837, John and Jane Graham, the parents of Samuel, moved from 
Coshocton County and settled on a farm of 100 acres in the woods about one 
mile southwest from Richwood. Mr. Graham was born in Pennsylvania, and 
was of Bcotch-Irish descent; his wife whs a native of Ireland, emigrating to 
America when seven years old. Both were members of the Presbyterian 
Chui-ch. Mr. Graham died about 1848 or 1849. His wife preceded him to 
the grave two years. 

John P. Graham, in September. 1836, accompanied his brother Samuel 
from Coshocton County and settled on an adjoining farm of 100 acres. It 
was then wholly unimproved, and he paid for it $3 per acre. Mr. Graham 
died at this place. His widow, Mrs. Eliza Graham, still survives. Their 
children are Jane, Abigail, William, Hannah, Margaret, John L., Isaac, 
Francis and Marion, some of whom lived in Claibourne Township. 

Samuel Livingston, from Coshocton County, about 1839 settled on a small 
farm one and one-fourth miles southwest from Richwood, where he is still 
living at a venerable old age. He followed farming and blacksmithing. His 
wife was Jane Graham. Mr. Livingston furnished five boys for the service 
during the rebellion, and all returned uninjured. 



568 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Daniel Swartz, in October, 1834, purchased from Philip Plummer fifty 
acres of land, situated just north of Richwood, and he moved to it at once. 
He was born in Pennsylvania, but had emigrated when quite young with his 
father to Highland County, near Hillsboro. He died March 9, 1842, of con- 
sumption, aged forty-two years, leaving, a wife and five children. The former. 
Mrs. Susan Swartz, aged eighty-three years, is still residing at the old place.. 

Peter Grace, in March, 1887, came from Licking County with his wife 
Nancy, and children, and settled one and a half miles west of Richwood, where 
he still owns and occupies a small place. He was atone time a minister of 
the New Light Christian faith, but afterward became a Methodist Protestant, 
and later of the Disciple Church. 

In the western part of the township one of the earliest settlements was 
made by John Cahill. He there accumulated a large property and became 
one of the leading, energetic and influential citizens of the northern par' of 
the county. 

William Hamilton was one of the early pioneers of Claibourne Township 
and for a period of almost thirty years one of the foremost men of Union 
County. He was born near Morgantown, Va., in 1789. In 1807, he emigrated 
with his father, William Hamilton, Sr., to Muskingum County, Ohio, arriving 
at their pioneer home on his eighteenth birthday. Here his energies were de- 
veloped by his assistatice in clearing the densely timbered land and reducing 
it to a well -improved farm. He acquired extensive possessions, and in 1837 
sold his large farm with the expectation to locate farther in the west. For one 
season he tarried in Licking. He then purchased from Cadwallader Wallac(> 
his survey of 1,000 acres, northwest of Richwood, paying 13,600 for it, and 
reached Claibourne Township, April 30, 1838. The survey was afterward- 
found to contain nearly 1,400 acres. Mr. Hamilton remained at Richmond 
until he could build a log house, when he at once moved into it and remained 
its 'jccupant till his decease. This large tract was as yet untouched by tht^ 
woodman's ax, and the arduous labor of again developing a farm devolved 
upon him. He was a man possessed of energies greatly superior to those of 
average mankind, and carried an enthusiasm and determination into whatever 
enterprise he undertook which insured its success. In physique he was large 
and powerful. Though not cultured, he was thoroughy honest and public 
spirited, and was perhaps more influential in creating a healthy moral at- 
mosphere in. his community, by his example and teachings, of his withering de- 
nunciation of whatever was mean and contemptible, than any other individual . 
His spirit was chivalrous, and to the weak or oppressed he was unusually kind. 
He was a member of the Methodist Protestant Church and for nearly forty 
years a local minister of this faith. In politics, he was strongly Whig, and 
later in life a Repxablican. He had served in Muskingum County as Com 
missioner and filled the same office in Union County. It was to his exertions 
and labors, largely, that the Infirmary farm was purchased and building 
erected. His death occurred August 12, 1867. Mr. Hamilton had been twice 
married. By his first wife. Miss Ewing, he had four children — Elizabeth, 
Samuel, William and Benjamin. Elizabeth, married Jacob C. Sidle, a prom- 
inent farmer of Claibourne; Samuel, is a farmer in Marshall County, 111. ; 
William, a farmer at Wenona, same county; Benjamin, died in Claibourne 
Township. The second wife was Lydia Springer. By this marriage there 
were eight childi-en — Cornelius S. (deceased), an attorney of Marysvjlle; John 
W., Professor of Surgery at the Columbus Medical College; Joseph H., a 
Methodist Protestant Minister, now at Mount Vernon, Ohio; Isaac N., a phy- 
sician, at Marysville; Horatio C, of Richwood; George B., a farmer of Clai- 
bourne; Susan R. (deceased); and Thomas B., a physician, who enlisted as 



dUS^ 

















AxalX^ (<^ocbyL^ 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 571 

Suro^eon in the One Hundred and Fourteenth Illinois Regiment, and died at 
Memphis, Tenn. , in 1865. 

Lazarus Hartley accompanied Mr. Hamilton from Licking County, con- 
veying his family and effects to the new home in a two- wheeled cart. He 
leased a farm on the Hamilton tract and assisted greatly in clearing it. Mr. 
Hartley was illiterate but possessed a remarkable memory. Whatever he saw 
or once heard was always remembered, and it became quite a custom in the 
neighborhood where he lived to refer any disputed matter of fact to him for 
settlement. He after awhile acquired a farm in Claibourne and some of his 
children now occupy it. His death occurred a few years ago. 

Richard Ward came from Muskingum County with Mr. Hamilton and 
lived in the vicinity for ten oi more years. 

About 1835, Peter Jackson removed- from Pickaway County and settled on a 
farm in Survey No. 7,008, on Peacock Run, three miles south of Rich wood. 
His son occupied a portion of the same farm. After a few years, both, with 
their families, returned to Pickaway County. 

Junkin Mulvain came about 1839 from White-Eyes Township, Coshocton 
County, and settled on a farm in Survey No. 6,307, about two miles west of 
Richwood. He was a large, tall man, and a good citizen, and died in this 
township. 

Jacob Beem was born in Alleghany County, Md., and when twelve 
years old emigrated with his brother's family to Jersey Township, Licking 
County. He there married Phoebe Rose and in 1834 came to Claibourne 
Township, settling on a farm about two and one-half miles south of Rich- 
wood. Mr. Beem possessed a strong and hardy character, well fitted to cope 
with the difficulties incident to pioneer life. He remained a life-long and 
well-esteemed citizen of the township. His death occurred in December, 1878. 

John Beem removed from Licking County to Claibourne in 1832, but a 
few years later sold his farm to Jacob Beem and emigrated to Webster Coun- 
ty, Iowa. 

Aaron Beem settled early, about one and one-half miles southeast of 
Richwood. The following settlers entered the township at some time prior to 
1840, some of them several years before. 

John Atwood was originally from Virginia, but came here from Muskin- 
gum County. He died on his farm about one and a half miles south of Rich- 
wood. 

Alexander and George Cowgill, father and only son, came from Ross 
County, and dwelt for a time on Bokes Creek. They thea settled in the south- 
east part of the township, where the father, Alexander, died. George re- 
moved to Jackson Township, and his family still resides there. 

Michael Cramer from Knox County, settled just south of Richwood on 
land now embraced within the corporation limits. He was a farmer and died 
here. His son Michael removed to Marysville. 

Abraham Decker was a Pennsylvanian by birth. He emigrated to this 
township a widower, with his children, and settled two or thi'ee miles east of 
Richwood. In a few years he removed to Mercer County. 

Benjamin Fisher, now a resident of Richwood in his seventy-fifth year, 
m April, 1836, removed from nea)' Mount Vernon, Ohio, to a farm one and a 
fourth miles west of Richwood. He had come the fall before with five or six 
men and built a cabin on the place. His brother-in-law, Atticus Neil, 
took immediate possession of it. Mr. Fisher occupied it during the spring 
of his removal until he had constructed a hewed-log house. At this time 
there were no settlers living between his farm and the village. He purchased 
160 acres, paying for it $2.50 per acre. The York road was opened about the 



572 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

time he came. There had previously been a trail to the Miller settlement in 
York Township. His father, Larkin Fisher, came a few years later, but re- 
sided most of the time in Richwood. 

Isaac Gearheart about 1835 took possession of a farm about a mile south of 
Richwood. He subsequently moved to Rush Creek, where he passed the re- 
mainder of his life. 

Sylvester Grindle, formerly a resident of Pickaway County, settled about 
three miles west of Richwood, and by economy and frugality acquired consid- 
erable property. 

Elisha Higbee was an early settler. He was a cooper by trade, and removed 
TO Kenton. Subsequently he went to Hancock County. 

Isaac Headley, from Coshocton County, settled about one and a half miles 
northeast from Richwood, and remained on his farm of 100 acres there through 
life. He followed carpentering to some extent in connection with farming. 

Joseph Murphy in 1836 came from Allegheny County, Penn., and settled 
on the Joynes Survey, in the southwestern part of the township, near the site 
of Claibourne Village. He pursued the avocation of farming, and died on his 
farm in 1857. His widow, Mrs. Rebecca Murphy, still sui'vives. A brother, 
Samuel Murphy, accompanied him to this home. He was an old bachelor, 
hunted a great deal, and died at Richwood in 1882, aged eighty-one years. 

Charles Morse, probably about 1839, settled on a farm of 100 acres just 
north of Richwood. He was a Yankee, and afterward removed to Marysville. 

Samuel Moses in 1835 changed his place of residence from St. Lawrence 
County, N. Y., to Cuyahoga County, Ohio. The year following he came to 
Jerome Township, Union County, and soon after settled on a farm in the 
eastern part of Claibourne, where he still jresides aged eighty-one years. His 
wife, Sally, died in 1882, aged eighty-two years. Of their eleven children, 
eight grew to maturity. 

Abraham and James Moses, brothers, and distantly related to Samuel 
Moses, were also early settlers of Claibourne. Abraham died about a mile east 
of Richwood and James moved to Mercer County. 

Isaac D. Stewart, from Muskingum County, settled in the southern part 
of the township on Fulton Creek. He afterward moved to Iowa and died 
there. 

William H. Sherman settled in the northeastern part of the township. 
He was from the eastern part of the State. Not liking Claibourne Township, 
he soon returned to his former place of residence. In answer to an inquiry 
as to the cause of his return, he said that the country was so wet that he could 
not find a dry spot large enough to set a hen, and had to use the stump of a 
tree for this purpose. 

William and John "Wynegar, two brothers, in 1837, came from Highland 
County and settled on adjoining farms in the wilderness, about three miles 
west of Richwood, south of the Summersville road. In 1852, John moved to 
Winnebago County, 111.; and in 1882, to Kansas, where he now lives. Will- 
iam removed to Starke County, Ind., in 1864, and died there. 

Tobias Robinson, about 1838, became a resident of the western portion 
of the township, where he remained until his death. He was from Pickaway 
County. 

In 1887, John Warner, from Coshocton County, settled with his wife and 
one child in the southwestern poi'tion of the township, near Claibourne Village. 
He subsequently emigrated to Iowa. 

Martin Walters and Abram Taylor, brothers-in-law to Mr. Warner, in 
183S removed to the same part of Claibourne from Coshocton County. Mr. 
Taylor died there, leaving a family which is now scattered, and Mr. Walters 



1 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 573 

moved West. In 1838, there were no settlements nearer than two or three miles 
to this group of pioneers. 

The first road in the township was probably the one passing north and 
south through Richwood. About 1825, Cyprian Lee and Henry Swartz took 
the contract to cut this road from the southern to the northern line of the 
township. They only cleared away the under brush and small trees, leaving 
many obstacles in the shape of large timber. The road was made fifteen 
feet wide. 

MILLING. 

One of the serious problems that arose for solution in the pioneer times 
in Claibourne as well as every other newly settled locality, was how to reduce 
the corn and wheat to a degree of fineness sufficient for domestic purposes. 
The family of Henry Swartz for several weeks grouod all the meal they used 
in a hand coffee mill. John Swartz, a settler on the Scioto River, was the 
happy owner of a little hand mill, upon which, by a vigorous exercise of mus- 
cle, a half bushel of grain might be reduced to a tolerably fine meal in sev- 
eral hours. It was much resorted to by Jtobert Cotrell and others of the ear- 
liest settlers. 

Adam Dilsaver constructed a horse mill at his place a short distance south 
of Richwood, which was extensively used by his neighbors. His customers 
must furnish their own horse power, and as three or four horses were neces- 
sary to operate the cumbersome machinery, several would sometimes arrange 
to be there at one time in order to help each other; this, however, was rarely 
necessary. The capacity of the mill was so slight that it was usually in mo- 
tion, and it was not uncommon for a farmer to start to mill at 2 o'clock in 
the morning in order to be first there, and consequently the first to have his 
wants attended to. Occasionally the mill would run all night. 

Richard Irwin, whose farm was about one and a half miles east of 
Richwood, also had a horse mill. These mills were so almost interminably 
slow that they were used only during dry weather when there was no water 
power, or during muddy weather when the distant mills were inaccessible. 
Some pioneers preferred going forty miles to a good mill to using a horse 
mill, and this distance was sometimes traveled. A large four-horse load was 
once taken to a mill on Mad River in Champaign County, where the press of 
business was so great that several weeks elapsed before the hungry settlers in 
this vicinity obtained their grists. A mill on Owl Creek in Knox County, was 
occasionally visited, but usually the mills on Darby Creek were available. No 
water grist mills are known to have been in operation in Claibourne Township. 

John Dilsaver operated a small tannery for a few years on his farm south 
of Richwood. Another was for a long time operated in Richwood by the sons 
of John Graham. 

SCHOOLS. 

A log cabin stood near the Sidle Methodist Protestant Church, a little 
northeast of it, which was built as a schoolhouse, and in which the first school 
in the toT^nship was held. The primitive pedagogue here was Mr. Lamphere, 
an aged man, who taught in various localities. The pupils were Ellison, 
James and Wilson Williams, Richard, Samuel and Eliza Cotrell, John A. and 
Elder Swartz, and perhaps the Wilson children and a few others from a dis- 
tance. The term lasted only about two months. 

Eleazor Rose was one of the earliest teachers in this locality. He dwelt 
in one apartment of a double log cabin, and in the other enlightened the un- 
derstanding of the youth in this community. He was reputed an excellent 
teacher. 



574 HISTORY OF UxNION COUNTY. 

It would be impossible to make mention of the first teachers in all por- 
tions of the township. The schools have had a gradual growth from very 
small beginnings, like all other institutions, and have now attained an effi- 
ciency equal to that found anywhere else in the county. 

SKETCH OF THE RELIGIOUS HISTORY OF CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP.* 

Rich wood and vicinity, in Claibourne Township, was early noted for the 
order, morality, and religious character of its citizens. When the writer, in 
1836, first became acquainted in the place, it was understood that all the in- 
habitants were a sober,, church-going people. And this continued to be its 
reputation for many years. 

The first minister of the Gospel who settled in the town was Rev. John 
Carney, of the Regular Baptist denomination. He was au old man when the 
writer first saw him, and appeared to be in declining health. His home was 
a little log cabin situated some rods south of where the Baptist Church now 
stands. He had no church organization of his own denomination, and was able 
to preach but occasionally. I think it was in 1888, he seemed to grow more 
feeble than usual, and it became apparent that his work on earth would soon 
be done, unless his health should improve. This did not occur. He seemed, 
however, to desire to use his little remaining strength in giving his dying 
testimony in favor of the truth. He therefore had word circulated that he 
wished his neighbors and friends to come to his little cabin on a certain Sun- 
day and he would preach to them once more. At the time appointed the^^ 
came. The old gentleman opened the service in the usual manner; and when 
the time for the sermon came, he introduced his subject by saying, " I will 
read for my text the first and secoad verses of the Scriptures." He then read 
Genesis, i, 1,2, and preached his last formal discourse on earth. Soon after, 
his health became so feeble he had to remain in the house, and not many 
weeks after, he quietly fell asleep. His neighbors and friends laid his body 
carefully and respectfully in the little village graveyard, where his dust still 
quietly waits the call of the resurrection of the just. 

Another generation of the Baptist people in Richwood have very re- 
cently learned that the little graveyard lot, on a part of which their church 
stands, contains the unmarked grave of the pioneer minister of this commun- 
ity. They have inquired out the spot., and declared their purpose to mark 
and protect the precious trust. This is well. For it is an honor to any con- 
gregation to be permitted to guard the resting place of the man who first 
preached the Gospel in the wilderness — the harvest of whose seed-sowing they 
reap and enjoy. 

As a fitting sequel to the above, it is proper now to say, that on March 
24, 1878, the Regular Baptists, under the pastoral labors of Rev. W. R. 
Thomas, formally organized themselves into a chui'ch, according to the rules 
of their denomination, and thus adding one more church to Richwood's already 
fair supply. The names of the persons who entered into this organization were 
Thonias Phillips, S. Carter,' Joseph Powell, Susan Landon, Elmos Langstaff, 
Jane Langstaflf, William Ferguson, S. A. Ferguson, Anthony Trickey, Mary 
Trickey, Robert B. Cook, Mary A. Gooding, Clara Crabtree, Kim Crabtreo, 
Amanda Hanby, Louisa Wooley, Elizabeth Blake, Anne Cain, W. H. Rich- 
ards, Annie H. Richards, Martha Merritt, Zella Merritt, E. M. Lindsay, M. 
J. Lindsay, Eliabeth Eagans. The regular officers of this church have been: 
Deacons — W. H. Richards, Elmos Langstafif; Clerks — Ist, William Ferguson; 
2d, E. M. Devreaux; 3d, E. M. Lindsav; 4th, D. B. Willoughby; Treasurers 
—Ist, S. S. Carter; 2d, W. H. Richards. 

* By Rev. John Gruhaiu, of Richwood. 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 575 

The pastors of this church have been — 1st, Rev. R. W. Thomae, two years; 
2d, Rev. W. Wilbur, eighteen months; 3d, Rev. J. W. Scott, who commenced 
his pastorate September 1, 1881, and continued to the present time, December, 
1882. 

The places of worship that have been occupied by this church have been, 
first, Westheimer's Hall; second, Marriott's Hall; and third, their new 
church, which they erected and dedicated on the third Sabbath of September, 
1882. This church is a neatly finished frame house, worth about $2,000, and 
paid for. The number of communicants in this church at the present time is 
forty-two. In September. 1880, this church organized a Sunday school, 
which has been regularly kept up, and is now in a prosperous condition. 

This is the proper place to state that the colored members of the Regu- 
lar Missionary Baptist denomination organized themselves into a church in Rich- 
wood, February 13, 1876, under the pastoral labors of Rev. L. B. Morse. 
The members who entered into the first organization were George Curry, I. 
Thornton, Bertie Curry, Lida Thornton, Joseph Williams, Lucinda Will- 
iams, N. V. Evans, Jordan Harrison, Fanny Harrison, Melvina Parker, Robert 
Malone, David Brown, Peter Snow. The officers of this church are: Deacons 
— N. V. Evans, R. Malone, D. Brown; Clerk — Jordan Harrison; Trustees — 
N. V. Evans, J. Harrison, J. Malone; Treasurer — Peter Snow. This church 
has built a good house of worship, worth $1,900, all paid for but about $125. 
This house was formally dedicated to the worship of God on the second Sun- 
day in September, 1882. The communicants in the church now number thirty 
six. They have organized and maintained a Sunday school. 

The pastors of the church have been Rev. L. B. Morse, Rev. H. Clay, and 
Rev. Mr. Golliford, who serves the church at present. 

Methodist Episcopal Church — The Methodist Episcopal Church was or- 
ganized in Richwood, October 17, A. D. 1835. William Phillips was the first 
Glass Leader, and the following-named persons were the members of this class, 
to wit: William Phillips, Isabella Phillips, Mortimer Bentley, Nancy Bent- 
ley, Elsie Sirpless. Not long after the organization the following were added 
to the names above given: Sarah Woods, Margaret Brooking, Hezekiah Bur- 
dick, Catharine Burdick, Philip Plummer, Ann Maria Plummer, William 
Barkdull, Priscilla Barkdull, Adam Burge, Louis Burdick, Catharine Bur- 
dick. 

The pastor of the church at the time of its organization was Rev. Warren 
Frazell. The Presiding Elder was William H. Raper. William Phillips was 
elected as first Steward of the newly formed church; also first Recording Stew- 
ard of Richwood Circuit. 

The first leaders' meeting of the church was held at Mr. Phillips' shop,, 
with the pastor and class leader as the only members present. There was no 
church house of any denomination in Claibourne Township at the time this 
organization took place. The religious meetings, therefore, were held in such 
places as could be procured — sometimes in a shop, a storeroom, the little 
schoolhouse, or in the home of some of the members. These places were in- 
convenient, but the best that could be obtained at the time. The pastor next 
appointed in charge of the Richwood Circuit was Rev. Richard Doughty. He 
remained in the work but a short time; and when he left, the Presiding El- 
der, Rev. Jacob Young, employed Rev. Samuel M. Beatty, a local preacher, to 
take charge of the circuit. Mr. Beatty continued to serve the circuit until in 
August, 1836. Next after Mr. Beatty, Rev. Ebenezer T. Webster, a member 
of the Ohio Annual Conference, was appointed in charge of Richwood Circuit. 
He arrived with his family on his work sometime in the autumn of 1836. His 
home was in Richwood, and he and his family, devoted themselves earnestly 



576 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

to the service of the church. The circuit prospered under his ruinistry. He 
remained one year in charge of this work. 

During the year 1837,the Methodist Episcopal, Church erected in Eichwood 
the first house of worship in Claibourne Township. This house was built of 
hewed logs, about, I think, 28x36 feet in size. It was finished in the plainest 
style. Its seats were- rude benches without backs to them. It was warmed by 
one stove, placed near the center of the building. It stood on or near the 
spot where the residence of A. J. Blake now stands. It was dedicated dur- 
ing the Quarterly Meeting services, held by Rev. Samuel Hamilton, August 
14, 1837, Mr. Hamilton, having been sent by the Presiding Elder to hold 
the Quarterly Meeting in his stead. Mr. Hamilton's subject of discourse on 
Sunday morning was the return of the prodigal son. This efibrt was a very 
happy one; many wept, and many others rejoiced aloud — all were deeply im- 
pressed. 

Next after Mr. Webster, Rev. K. S. Kimber was appointed as pastor in 
Richwood. He did not move his family into the bounds of the work. He re- 
mained in charge of this work two years. He labored very faithfully, and was 
fairly successful in promoting the interests of the church. During the latter 
part of his second year on the circuit, Mr. Kimber had to assist him in hie 
work, Rev. John C. Havens. In August, 1839, Mr. Kimber, Mr. Havens and 
Rev. Jacob Young, the Presiding Elder, all closed up, for the present, their 
ministerial labors at Richwood. 

In the latter part of August or first of September, 1839, Rev. Jacob A. 
Brown and Rev. Jesse Prior arrived in Richwood as pastors on the circuit. 
Mr. Brown settled his family in Richwood, and Mr. Prior his in Delhi. They 
both remained on the work one year, with Rev. Zachariah Connell as Presid- 
ing Elder. They were all faithful and successful in their work. 

At the General Conference, in May, 3840, a change was made in the 
boundaries of the Ohio Annual Conference, to which Richwood Circuit, up to 
' this time, had belonged, and the North Ohio Conference was organized, with 
Richwood within its limits. At the first session of this conference, which met 
in Norwalk, Ohio, in the month of August, Rev. George Armstrong was ap- 
pointed to Richwood, with Rev. W. S. Morrow as his Presiding Elder. Mr. 
Armstrong moved to Richwood and commenced his labors immediately. Soon 
after the year began, the Presiding Elder employed Rev. W. S. Rowe to assist 
Mr. Armstrong in his work. These two men were earnest and faithful. Mr. 
Rowe remained on the work but apart of the year; and when he left. Rev. T. 
H. Wilson was employed to fill out the balance of the year. They had fair 
prosperity in their work. 

, Next after Mr. Armstrong and Mr. Wilson, R. S. Kimber was re-rppointed 

to Richwood, with George S. Phillips as his co-pastor. They were pleasant 
gentlemen and faithful to their labors. In the latter part of August, 1842, 
Jesse Prior and William Boggs took charge of Richwood as pastors. They 
were cordially received by the people, and indications seemed to promise a 
year of prosperity. The year had not advanced far, however, till Mr. Prior, 
the senior pastor, began to preach the peculiar doctrines of Mr. Miller, who said 
" the world will come to its end in 1843." This new departure did not pro- 
mote the harmony of the church, and controversy with dissensions abounded. 
Before this conference year ended. Mr. Prior withdrew from the Methodist 
Episcopal Church and identified himself with the newly organized sect, called 
" Second Adventists." Mr. Boggs proved true and faithful to the church, and 
did what he could to prevent disaster; and his efiorts were so far successful 
that it was deemed best, by the authorities, to return him the second year to 
the charge. He was a judicious manager, a good preacher, and a devout man. 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 677 

Joseph Jones was with him on the work during his second year. Mr. Jones 
was the senior in office. As near as I can now ascertain, the following is a cor- 
rect list of the pastors who served the Methodist Episcopal Church in Rich- 
wood from 1844 to 1864, namely, Edward Williams, L. F. Ward, W. M. 
Spafford, B. Herbert, O. Burgess, A. Rumfield, J. Sterling, P. Plummer, F. 
W. Vertican, E. Hyatt, J. Frownfelter, S. D. Seymour, W. Knapp, P. Ware- 
ham, L. Herbert, L. L. Roberts, J. Blanpied, J. Good, J. M. Longfellow, J. 
Wykes, W. Lawrence, J. S. Deleal, H. M. Shaffer, J. K. Ford. 

During the pastorate of Mr. Good and Mr. Longfellow, which lasted from 
1856 to 1858, the most extensive revival of religion that this church has ever 
had in Richwood occurred. Almost 100 persons were converted and added 
to the church. During their pastorate, also, the old log-meeting house proved 
entirely insufficient to accommodate the wants of the church. They, therefore, 
tooJf measures to secure the building of a new house of worship. The result 
is the present church, which is a substantial brick building, well situated, 
and well furnished. It is large enough to accommodate the congregation, and 
is worth about $6,000. The present membership of this church is a little over 
200. Its present pastor is Rev. D. Bowers. 

The church has kept up a working, successful Sunday school from near 
the time of its first organization. It is now in prosperous working order. It 
has twenty-five officers and teachers, and 160 scholars. 

The ladies of the church have kept up, for the last nine years, an efficient,, 
earnest, working organization of the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society. 
The society is now prospering. The church is doing good work. 

Early in the history of Claibourne Township, there was a small society 
of the Methodist Episcopal Church organized some three miles west of Rich- 
wood, in what was known as the Wynegar neighborhood. They never built a 
house of worship. They kept up a feeble existence for some thirty years; 
but finally disbanded. Its old members are either dead or removed to 
other parts; and some have united with churches in other places. A church 
organization without af place of worship, or some convenient place for meet- 
ing, is like a family without a home — it cannot prosper. 

The Methodist Protestant Churcli was formally organized in Richwood, 
September, 1836. John B. Lucas was its pastor at the time; and Samuel 
Graham was its first Class Leader. The names of its first members were- 
Samuel Graham, Sarah Graham, John P. Brookins, Margaret Brookins, John 
Woods, Sarah Woods, John P. Graham, Eliza Graham, Jane Houk, Jane B. 
Coffee. Its first place of worship was the little log schoolhouse which stood in 
the northeast part of town. Within some two years after its organization, 
there were important additions to the membership of the church in the persons . 
of Rev. William Hamilton, Lydia Hamilton, Samuel Hamilton, Nancy Hamil 
ton, Benjamin Hamilton. These persons moved into the neighborhood, hav- 
ing been members of the church in Muskingum County, and joined by letter. 

I think it was in the winter of 1839 and 1840 that Rev. John M. Young, 
assisted by a number of other ministers, held a revival meeting for the Meth- 
odist Protestant Church in Richwood, which was very successful. In it were 
converted the following- named persons who afterward became distinguished 
John W. Hamilton, now Professor of Surgery in the Medical College in 
Columbus; Joseph M. Hamilton, who has long been a leading minister in his 
church in the Muskingum Conference; T. B. Graham, who has for many 
years been a prominent minister in the Ohio Conference, and I. N. Ham- 
ilton, who is local preacher in the Methodist Episcopal Church, and a physi- 
cian. Many others were converted in this meeting who have proved faithful 
— some of whom have gone to the better land. This revival was probably 



578 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

farther reaching in its results than any other ever held in Richwood by this 
denomination. It was held in the Methodist Episcopal house of worship. 
After diligeut inquiry, I have failed to obtain a consecutive list of the minis- 
ters who served this church in the early years — one of whom I remember, 
but I cannot recall his name. He treated this congregation to a surprise which 
was rather pleasant. He was preaching in the old schoolhouse one Sunday 
morning, when very unexpectedly Rev. Ziba Brown, with Miss Jane B. Coffee 
on his arm, walked into the house. Mr. Brown stepped into the pulpit and 
sat down behind the minister who was preaching. Miss Coifee sat down in 
the congregation. When the sermon was ended, the minister said — " There is 
a case of matrimony to be attended to. The parties will please present them- 
selves." Whereupon Mr. Brown stepped down to where Miss Coffee sat, took 
her on his arm, they two presented themselves before the minister, and he, 
after requiring them to "plight their vows each to the other," pronounced 
them "husband and wife together." He then dismissed the congregation. All 
were pleased. 

As soon as the possibility for better accommodations than the old school- 
house afforded could be seen, the members began to plan for a new church. 
As near as I can now ascertain, they commenced getting materials ready ia the 
winter of 1839 and 1840; aod they got the house so it could be occupied by 
some time in 1842. This house was built of hewed logs; and was in size, 
about 30x35 feet. When finished, it was the largest public room in the north 
part of Union County. The first seats in it were plain benches with no backs 
to them. When the house was about ready for occupancy, a serious question 
arose as to how it should be warmed. There were no stoves for sale in or near 
Richwood, and there was then no railroad on which to order one brought. The 
problem was finally solved, by the members contributing wheat enough, when 
sold, to pay for a stove; and Mr. Samuel Grraham. accompanied by Rev. WiL- 
iam Hamilton, hauled the wheat in a wagon to Granville, in Licking County, 
and traded it for a stove. They brought this stove back with them in their 
wagon, and placed it in the church. 

As I can find no records that give a consecutive list of the early ministers 
who served this congregation of Christians, I give from my own memory, and 
the memory of others, as near a correct list as I am able to produce: Jon- 
athan Flood. Sr. .was one of the earliest, R. M. Dolby was another who preached 
in the old schoolhouse. Soon after him were Isaac Hunt. Louis Hicklen, David 
Moore, Joshua I. Devore, Isaac Edwards, Ziba Brown. O. P. Stevens, John 
Inskeep, J. H. Webster. Lyman Ensminger and i^ohn B. Peat. These had 
all served the church here previous to the close of 1818. From 1847 to 1850, 
the brothers, S. H. Flood and J. M. Flood, served the church. Under their 
labors extensive revivals of religion occurred, and many were added to the 
chm-ch. In 1851, O. P. Stevens again served this people. After him T. D. 
Howe, D. Kinney, M. V. B. Evans. 

About 1858, it became apparent to this congregation that their old log 
house was not up with the improved condition of the country; they, therefore, 
set about providing more commodious accommodations for themselves. They 
got ready for dedication on the 17th day of July, 1859, a very pleasant, sub- 
stantial, neat, brick house, large enough to meet all their wants. This house 
cost something over §2,000; and would have been sufficient to the present 
time, but for the fact it was consumed in a fire that occurred in April, 1875. 
The present house occupied by this church is built on the foundation of the 
one that was burned; and is a neat, well finished, well furnished, brick struct- 
ure, worth some $5,000. This church w^ constituted a station at the Annual 
Conference which met in the summer of 1865; and its first Quarterly Confer- 





^^^^^^-ty^^j^y^ 



CLAIBOURNE TOWxNSHIP. 581 

ence, as a station, was held in the church in Richwood, November 4, the 
same year. The official members who constituted this Quarterly Conference 
were: T. B. Graham, Pastor; Rev. D. Kinney, Rev. W. Hamilton. Lavmen 
—J. T. Lenox, John Woods, E. Norris, J. S. Gill, L. Myers, J. A. Cook, G. 
B. Hamilton, Cyrus Landon. The officers of the conference were J. Law- 
son, Chairman; W. H. Ferguson, Secretary. This station has been contin- 
uously kept up till the present time. Its history has been one of fair prosper- 
ity; and it now has a good reputation in the community. Its present pastor is 
Rev. E. G. Brumbaugh. Its membership numbers a little more than 200 com- 
municants. This church has kept up a prosperous Sunday school most of the 
time since its first organization. This school is now doing well. 

The ladies of the church keep up an efficient working organization for the 
promotion of " Foreign Missions." The officers of this society are: Px'esi- 
dent — Mrs. J. Tucker; Vice President — Mrs. B. C. Hamilton; Treasurer — 
Mrs. Marion Hamilton, now deceased; Secretary — Miss E. Simpson. 

Ab near as I can now ascertain, some time in the year 1848 Rev. John 

B. Peats organized a society of Methodist Protestants two and one-half miles 
south of Richwood, in Claibourne Township, and named the organization 
"Bethlehem Church." The names of the members who went into this organiza- 
tion were — Rev. J. C. Sidle, Elizabeth Sidle, David Burns, Mary Burns, Mich- 
ael and Permelia Brown, John and Mary Swartz, Jacob Wilds, Allen Wynegar. 
This organization soon increased in numbers until nearly sixty persons were ac- 
cepted as communicants. They worshiped for a time in the schoolhouse and 
such other places as could be temporarily obtained. As soon as their financial 
circumstances would justify them in doing so, they proceeded to erect for 
themselves a comfortable frame meeting house, near the east bank of Fulton 
Creek, on some two acres of ground, donated by Rev. J. C. Sidle, as a site 
for the church and burying ground for the dead. This church was erected in 
1855, is still used by the society as their place of worship, is worth some 
$1,400, and is known as Bethlehem Church. A Sunday school is usually 
kept up in it. The present pastor of this church is Rev. Mr. Cramer. 

The Claibourne Church of this denomination is situated near the south- 
west corner of the townshij). It was built in 1880, under the pastoral labors 
of Rev. Mr. Elliott. It is a neat frame house, and has in it an energetic, en- 
terprising organization of worshipers. This chtu'ch is the outgrowth of what 
was known as the Stires' Society of pioneer days. 

Christian Church. — The Christian Church has an organization and a house 
of worship in the southeast corner of Claibourne Township, which is known on 
the records of the denomination as the Thompson Church. It was originally 
located in Thompson Township, in Delaware County, but its house of worship 
in that place being burned down some thirteen years ago, the congregation 
built their house on its present site. This house is worth $1,000, and has in 
it as worshipers about seventy communicants. Its present pastor is Rev, A. 

C. C arras. 

The Church of the Disciples was established in Richwood during the first 
years of the existence of the town; but so far as I can find there are no records 
of its early history preserved. My personal acquaintance with its doings be- 
gan in the latter months of 1836; and between this date, and 1840, the follow- 
ing-named persons were known as members of this church: Rev. Isaac Cade 
and Mrs. Cade, Charles Cade, Aaron Beem, Mrs. Beem, Benjamin Beem, B. 
Bridge, Mrs. Bridge, T. Warner Bridge, Charles Morse, Elvira Morse, Ira Morse, 
Mrs. Morse, Isaac Headly, Nancy Headly, Eveline Headly, Angeline Headly, 
Henry Swartz, Nancy Swartz, R. Elder Swartz. John P. Graham, Eliza Gra- 
ham, PeterJ Grace, Nancy Grace, Mrs. John Dilsaver. These twenty-seven 

31 



582 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

persons, to whom not long afterward were added Jacob Reed and Mrs. Reed, 
Joseph Cameron and Mrs. Cameron and Jesse Reed, cjonstituted the pioneer church 
of this denomination. Rev. Isaac Cade was their recognized minister for many 
years. I think he received no stated salary. He was a man of good character, 
honest and upright. He was a man of not much learning, but read his Bible 
carefully, and was ready in quoting its contents. There were other ministers 
who often assisted IVIr. Cade in the services of the church, but they were mostly 
traveling evangelists, whose names I cannot now recall. The meetings of this 
church for a number of years were held mostly ia the little log schoolhouse 
which stood neai' the northeast corner of the town. As near as I can now as- 
certain, the lirst house of worship erected by this denomination in Richwood 
was built about ISoO or 1852. It was a small frame building worth aboxit 
$800, and is still occupied as their place of worship. They have, however, 
recently piu-chased a very eligible lot on which they contemplate erecting in 
the near futui'e, a commodious house to be dedicated to the worship of God. 
The number of commimicants in this church is now about eighty. Their 
present pastor's name is W. L. Neal. 

The officers of this church are: Elders— George W. Taylor, Thomas 
Prosser: Deacons — W. H. Moses, E. Collier; Trustees — L. H. Stephenson, 
I. H. Graham. W. H. Moses; Clerk— W. H. Moses. 

This church has a living, working Sunday school, which meets each 
Lord's Day at 9:30 o'clock, A. M. Number in attendance average about fifty. 
The ladies of this church ai-e organized into a " Society of Chi'istiau 
Workers," whose object is to look after and help the poor, and to raise funds 
to pay for furnishing of the new chui'ch when it shall be ready to receive its 
furnitiu-e. They meet weekly. The officere are: President — Mrs. M. B. Col- 
lier; Vice President — Mi-s. T. E. McGee; Treasurer - Mrs. M. M. Marriot. 

Presbyterian Church. — As a proper introduction to the following history 
of the Presbyterian Church it should be recorded that the second minister 
who preached in Richwood was Rev. Mr. Perigreen, a \yelsh Presbyterian, 
from Delaware County. He commenced visiting the place soon after the town 
began to be settled, and preached for a time, but did not organize a church. 
After him, in 1837 to 1840, a Rev. Mr. Smith, pastor of the Presbyterian 
Church in Man'sville, preached occasionally m Richwood; also Rev. Mr. 
Galbraith, who was then preaching at Milford, this county. But no organiza- 
tion was attempted till the one accounted for below 

Freshyterian Church of Richwood organized June 20, 1874, by Rev. H. 
Shedd, assisted by visiting ministers. Rev. W. G. Marck and Rev. D. D. 
"Waugh, and Elder A. McNeal. of York Chiu'ch. The members that went into 
the first organization were: John Landen. James Landen, Rebecca Landen, 
Elizabeth Long, Milton M. Shipley, Ann Shipley, Mary Jane Best, Essay 
Ann Best, Rachel E. Rowe, Ransler Parsons, Samuel M. Landen, Mary E. 
Landen, Abbica Landen, W. L. Cuny, M. J. Curry. J. Dennons. 

The following-named persons were elected to till the offices of the church, 
viz. : Elders — M. M. Shiple and John Landen; Trustees — W. L. Cm'ry. John 
Landen. and Ransler Parsuns; Secretary — W. L. Curry; Treasiirer — James 
Landen. 

The following ministers have served the church since its organization — 
Rev. H. Shedd, Rev. Charles S. Wood, Rev. C. W. Torrey, Rev. R. C. Col- 
mery, Rev. John JNIcDowell. 

For the first six years of its organization this chiu-ch worshiped in Burg- 
ner's Hall. From that time to the present, a period of three years, in Cants' 
Hall. During these years there were received into the church as communi- 
cants, seventy-seven. There have been dismissed from the church by remov- 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 583 

als, deaths, etc., twenty-two, leaving the present number of communicants, 
fifty- five. 

Soon after the organization of the church, this congregation organized a 
Sabbath school, which has been reglarly maintained ever since. It now num- 
bers — oflEicers and teachers, twelve; scholars, seventy- five. The school is now, 
and has been from the first, a great source of spiritual strength to the church. 

There has been no marked periods of revival in the history of this church, 
but its growth has been gradual and constant — the result of patient and con- 
tinuous effort. Financially, the church is now out of debt, and, spiritually, 
it is in the most hopeful condition. 

CEMETERIES. 

The earliest place of interment within the township was the one now 
most extensively used — at the Sidle Methodist Protestant Church, two miles 
south of Richwood. It is on the land which formerly belonged to Henry 
Swar^z, and burials were commenced while the place was yet in the midst of a 
deep wilderness. Henry Swartz buried two small children here, and the de- 
ceased of his neighbors' families found their " eternal resting place" in the 
same secluded spot. The biu-ials of Mr. Gamer, John Logue, Mrs. Ira Ben- 
nett and Mrs. Rose were among the first. When Jacob C. Sidle became the 
proprietor of this farm, he donated an acre for a cemetery. Afterward it came 
within the charge of the Township Tznistees, and they made additions to its 
limits. The grounds are located on rising land, and now receive the remains 
of " the departed " from Richwood and the surrounding country. 

The old graveyard, in Richwood, is no longer used for burial purposes. 

At the Lenox Schoolhouse, one and a fourth miles northwest of Richwood, 
William Hamilton donated a lot for a cemetery, which is still used to some 
extent. 

Another small graveyard, now abandoned, was situated on the Graham 
farm, just northwest of Richwood. 

At Stony Point, in the western part of the township, is a graveyard, where 
the dead of that vicinity are interred. 

CLAIBOURNE. 

Claibourne is the newest village in the county, and, though yet in its in- 
fancy, bids fair to surpass, in size and prosperity, some of the earlier settled 
villages. It is situated in the extreme southwestern part of Claibourne Town- 
ship, on the New York, Pennsylvania & Ohio Railroad. The plat was sur- 
veyed March 14, 1881, by Frederick J. Sager, and contains ten and three-' 
fourths acres, divided into thirty-nine lots. William Jolliflf, Jr, was the pro- 
prietor. He made an addition of five lots, March 4, 1882. G. M. Warner was 
the first resident of the place who anticipated the location of a village. He 
was appointed Postmaster in August, 1879, a position which he yet retains, 
and in September of the same year opened a stock of general merchandise in 
a building which he had just erected. Through his exertions and representa- 
tions, the railroad company laid a side-track, and during the winter of 1880- 
81 built and opened a station. The first dwellings were erected in 1881. 
About fifteen families compose the population. One physician. Dr. T. F. 
Wurtsbaugh, is in practice here. The village contains a saw mill, owned by 
Bell & Shearer, a shoe shop, a blacksmith shop, one hotel, a millinery store 
and two general stores. A neat brick school building has just been erected, 
and a Methodist Protestant Church is close by. The village is six miles dis- 
tant from Richwood. 



584 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 



RICHWOOD. 



Richwood, the second town in size and importance in Union County, is 
located in the central part of Claibourne Township. It is a wide-awake, busi- 
ness place, with an enterprising, public-spirited class of citizens, and for many 
years has competed successfully in trade with larger towns in surrounding 
counties. Its streets are broad and regularly laid out. Substantial and 
spacious business blocks are being constantly added to the number already erect- 
ed, and the indications of a prosperous, active town are everywhere manifest. 
It has just completed its first half -century of existence. For thirty years its 
crowth was slow; during the last two decades, it has been more rapid. Its 
success is due, principally, to the building of the railroad through the place. 
A tine agricultural region surrounds the town, and the facilities for commerce, 
which the railroad afforded, made it at once the center of a large and widely- 
extended trade. The population in 1840 was 99; in 1870, mainly through 
the growth of the last few years, it had reached 436; in 1880, it was 1,317, a 
ratio of increase rarely attained. 

Philip Plummer was the proprietor of Richwood. He had come into 
possession of the William Polham Survey, No. 6,307, of 1,200 acres, or the 
greater part of it, and in the summer of 1832 visited it, from Mount Vernon, 
Ohio, with his brother, Thomas Plummer, Elisha Merriot and Dr. John P. 
Brookins, a physician in search of a good location for practice. They traveled 
in a large two-hoi'se wagon, and stopped on the way overnight at Daniel 
Swartz's house on the Scioto River. The village was suiweyed and platted 
in the midst of a dense wilderness, August 8, 9 and 10, 1832, by Thomas G. Plum- 
mer, Special Deputy Surveyor, under the direction of the County Smweyor, 
Levi Phelps; and the plat was acknowledged before Ira Wood, Justice of the 
Peace, August 20, 1832. They all returned to Mount Vernon, and soon after 
Philip Plummer and Dr. Brookins returned to Richwood. 

The original plat contains a full description of the location; stating that 
it IS situated in a tract of land known as " Richwoods," about four miles west 
of the Scioto River, at the head -waters of Ottaway Run, on a broad and beau- 
tiful knob of table-land, unsurpassed in fertility. The distances from many 
towns and cities are minutely given, and it is said that " the signs, by timber, 
of the fertility of the soil in the Richwoods are beech, blue ash, gray ash, 
black ash, hackberry or hoop ash, mulberry, wild cherry, black walnut, white 
walnut, white oak, red oak, buckeye, honey locust, lyden tree, coffee tree, a 
species of mahogany, hickory, red elm, white elm, sugar or hard maple, soft 
maple, box elder and dogwood, with a copse wood of spice brush and prickly 
ash, bui-ning bush, grape vine, bladder bush and bramble. The herbage is 
principally maidenhair, pea vine, yellow root, ginseng, Indian and madder, etc. 
The soil is of the richest loam, mixed in a small proportion of sand; the sub- 
stratum is limestone and gravel, mixed with clay. The town plat is at an ele- 
vation of from fifteen to twenty feet above the bottom." 

The plat covered an area of 44.788, acres, was 84 poles and 1 foot 
square, bearing north 17^ degrees west, or south 11^ degrees east, and north 
72^ degrees east, or south 72^ degrees west. The principal street, north and 
south, was Franklin, 100 feet wide, with Fulton and Clinton streets, 
each five poles wide, parallel with it, the foi'mer west and the latter east of it. 
The three streets east and west were Blagrove, Ottaway and Bomford; Ottaway, 
one hundred feet wide, the other two five poles. There were four alleys run- 
ning each way, each one pole wide. The lots on Franklin and Ottaway 
streets, Nos. 1 to 112 inclusive, were each eight poles long and two wide; the 
lots on the other streets, Nos. 113 to 152 inclusive, were eight by four poles in 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 585 

size. Besides these, there were sixteen outlets, each eight poles square, four 
at each corner of the plat. 

A reservation was made of tirober not exceeding one foot in diameter that 
stood fifteen feet in front of the line of lots on Franklin and Ottaway streets as 
shade trees, and all timber of the same size that stood twelve feet in front of the 
line of lots on Bomford, Blagrove, Fulton and Clinton streets. 

The following donations of lots for public purposes were made: Lots 13 
and 69, on Franklin street, to the first and second fire companies that might 
be organized, to consist of fifty or more persons each, and own engine and 
hose, or buckets and ladders; Lot 44, to the town for a public libraiy, when it 
would appoint trustees and own 200 volumes of useful and miscellaneous pub- 
lications; Lot 100, to the town for a museum, as soon as a council of fifteen 
members would be legally organized and appoint a naturalist to take charge of 
it; Lots 117 and 118, to the Mayor and Town Council as soon as the town was 
chartered; Lots 137 and 138, for a market-place for the town and country peo- 
ple; Lots 122, 123, 142 and 143, for common schools; Outlot 5, for a place 
of worship for the people of town of all denominations together, to be man- 
aged and regulated and organized on the 4th of July and at Christmas by the 
whole people together; Outlot 14, a botanical garden, to the literary, scien- 
tific and medical men when they would form a society of one hundred or more 
members, the lots to be completely under the control of the Town Council, 
when properly organized, or a majority of the whole people, composing a num- 
ber of two hundred or more. By an act of the State Legislature, passed a 
number of years before Richwood was incorporated, the ownership of all these 
lots was restored to Philip Plummer and his heixs. 

In 1832, but three families settled in the new, forest-covered village; 
those of Philip Plummer, John P. Brookins and Absalom Carney. Philip 
Plummer was born in Maryland, and emigrated from that State to Mount Ver- 
non, Ohio. Some time after he came to Richwood, he became a Methodist 
minister, and preached for a number of years at Richwood and elsewhere. He 
afterward returned to Mount Vernon with his family, and there died. He was 
a man of moral principles and temperate habits, but did not possess that 
kind of nature to accumulate and retain property. His character is differently 
estimated by persons who knew him. Mr. "William Philips, one of the earliest 
pioneers of Richwood, thus speaks of him : " Mr. Plummer was a man of 
taste and refinement, and loved good society, so, while the better class of peo- 
ple appreciated him, there were those who disliked him. He was kind and 
obliging; ready to do anything in his power to help along new comers. He 
made it a point to go from one cabin to another to encourage them and recon- 
cile them k) the privation that must be endured by the pioneer. In this he 
seldom failed. He was an excellent talker. He was a thorough temperance 
man, and, selling lots, he would sell to none who would sell whisky, believing 
that it would injure the property of the town and community. In this most of 
the new settlers encouraged him, and consequently log-rollings, house-raisings 
and the like were done on temperance principles, and never distinguished by 
ruffianism. An orderly community grew up, and its good example and correct 
principles are felt to-day in the society of our village." 

Dr. John P. Brookins was one of the leading citizens of Richwood during 
its primitive days. He was born at Shippensburg, Penn., March 1, 1801, and 
emigrated to Ohio, settling first at Mount Vernon, and engaging in his profes- 
sion — medicine. He there became acquainted with Mr. Plummer, and decided 
to cast his lot with the little village to be founded on Mr. Plummer's land. 
He moved, with his wife, Margaret (iMeClay), and two children, Mary Jane 
and William C, and erected the first cabin on the village site. It stood on 



586 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Lot 97, at the southwest corner of Franklin and Ottawa streets, where Mil- 
ler's store now is. The first sad event in the village was the accidental burn- 
ing of the Doctor's little daughter, Maiy Jane, a promising child, which 
occurred in August, 1833. While playing near a log-burning in the street, 
her clothes took lire, and she was so badly burned that death ensued the next 
day. la his family, also, occurred the first birth and the first marriage. The 
bride was Miss Jane Coffee, the Doctor's niece. Dr. Brookins was a very 
small, spare man, physically, but very jovial. He was a social, genial spirit, 
and possessed an uncommon fund of good humor. He always had a good story 
to tell, and usually kept a crowd in a roar of laughter. He was Justice of the 
Peace for many years, and also Postmastei*. He was the first physician in the 
township, and pursued the practice of his profession here successfully until 
1847, when he removed to Eaton, Ohio, where he died January 20, 1878. His 
son, William, is now a resident of that village. 

Absalom Carney was a blacksmith, and built his shop on Lot 14^, east 
Bumford street. He did not remain many years, but removed West. It was 
reported that he and all his family, except one daughter, were killed by In- 
dians in Missouri. 

In September, 1833, William Phillips, with his wife Isabella (Woods), 
emigrated from Shippensburg, Penn., and settled on Lot 48, southeast corner 
of Franklin and Blagrove streets. He had a family of eight children — Will- 
iam J., who died in Pennsylvania; Jane Elizabeth, wife of Edwin Bruck; 
John A. ; Alfred G., killed at Atlanta July 22, 1863; Sarah W., wife of Har- 
vey S. Wood, of Marysville; Mary H, wife of Joseph Swartz (deceased); 
William Fletcher (deceased), and Isabel W., wife of Austin G. Converse, of 
CaiToll, Ohio. Mr. Phillips was highly esteemed as a citizen, and was identi- 
fied with all the movements to elevate and improve his fellow- men. He was a 
thorough temperance advocate. He died January 15, 1880, at Marysville, 
where he had removed two years previously. By trade and occupation, for many 
years, he was a potter. For about twenty-five years after he came to Rich- 
wood, he was engaged in the manufacture of pottery. The following items, 
taken from his account book, furnish the market value of a number of com- 
modities in those times : 

May 17, 1834, John Woods, Dr. to making vest I 50 

May 17, 1834, James Scott, Dr. to one gun 12 00 

May 17, 1884, James Scott, Dr. to 8f yards muslin 1 26 

May 17, 1834, Thomas Cheney, Dr. to one wagon 45 00 

June 18, 1834, Philip Plummer, to 15 bushels ashes at 6i 98f 

October 24, 1834, Philip Plummer, to making roundabout 62| 

November 14, 1834, Henry Swartz, Cr. by U gallons honey 75 

November 17, 1834, John T. Evans. Dr. to one calf-skin 2 50 

November 17, 1834. William Surpliss, Cr. by 4250 brick at $4.25. 18 06J 

December 5, 1834, John P. Brookins, Dr. to ware 41 

April 15, 1835, David Hawk, Cr. by one pound coffee 18i 

April 20, 1835,'David Hawk, Cr. by one-fourth pound tea 22 

June 22, 1835, William Lockhart, Cr. by four pounds butter 25 

July 16, 1835, John Calloway, Dr. to two jugs 25 

September 21, 1835, William Barkdull, Cr. by i pound tea 44 

October 17, 1835, Morlimore Bentley, Dr. to four bushels potatoes. 1 00 

December 23, 1835, Ira Bennett, Cr. by two turkeys 31i 

Februar.y 13, 1836, Nathan F. Woodruff, Cr. by one day's labor. . 50 

February 13, 1836, Samuel D. Beall, Cr. by one day's labor 50 

April 9, 1836, Joseph Murphy, Dr. to recording of ear mark 25 

June 16, 1836, Joseph Wilson, Dr. to one palm hat 31i 

November 1, 1836, Jacob Delsaver, Cr. by 36 pounds buckwheat.. 90 

November 12, 1836, Ira Bennett, Cr. by 4| pounds lard 48 

November 12, 1836, Ira Bennett, Cr. by 6 pounds pork 37^ 

February 16, 1837, Christian Dowell, Dr. to two bushels corn. ... 75 

November 5. 1837. John Darling, Dr. to one ax 2 00 

January 4, 1838, Starret Irwin, Dr. to six lights of glass 25 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 587 

June 2, 1838, Philip Plummer, Dr. to one pair shoes. . . 44 

June 2, 1838, Philip Plummer, Dr. to five pounds coffee 1 00 

June 2, 1838, Philip Plummer, Dr. to 4 elementary spelling books 50 

September 27, 1838, Abraham Decker, Cr. by twelve chickens. . . . 97^ 

John Woods, born December 9, 1799, emigrated from Shippensburg, 
Cumberland Co., Penn., to Kichwood, in July, 1833. He purchased 112 acres 
of land just north of the original plat, but now included within the corpora- 
tion. He was a tailor, and, in connection with clearing and cultivating his 
farm, he followed his trade. His wife was Sarah (Brookins), and a son, George 
Woods, now resides in Richwood. Mr. Woods died on the home place May 12, 
^1874. 

William Sirpless settled in the village in 1833, coming from the Scioto 
River, in Delaware County. He built his cabin on Lot 119, just south of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. He performed rough carpenter work while stay- 
ing here, which was only a few years. He then went West. 

John Wilson, a son of Nathaniel Wilson, in 1833 moved to Richwood, 
and resided on Outlots 9 or 10, opposite Canan's grist mill. He, too, came 
from the Scioto River, to Delaware County; was a laborer, and assisted in the 
erection of cabins. His first wife was Mary Dilsaver; his second, Elizabeth 
Atwood; his third, Mi's. Butts. He removed to Hancock County, and, when 
last heard from, he had buried his fourth wife. 

John Carney, the father of Absalom Carney, arrived at Richwood in 1833. 
He was quite old and feeble at the time, and did not survive many years. He 
was a Baptist minister, and occasionally held services in the village. The 
only other settler in Richwood in 1833, besides Messrs. Burdick and Calloway, 
was Mortimer Bentley. He was a carpenter, or cabinet-maker, and stayed 
only a few years. 

In 1834, there were a number of accessions, including Christian Goul, 
Nathan Richardson, Adam Burge, William Price, John T. Evans and Henry 
Sayer. 

Adam Burge was a " Thomsonian " or " steam " doctor, and practiced 
among the few believers of his school in this vicinity. His house and office 
was on Lot 105, Franklin street, where the residence of Dr. King now stands. 
The Doctor remained at Richwood only a short time, as his practice was not 
very remunerative. Nathan Richardson was a carpenter. He came from 
Champaign County, and about 1840 returned there. Christian Goul was a 
shoe-maker, from near Mechanicsburg, and his stay was also of brief duration. 
John T. Evans was also a manufacturer of boots and shoes. His bench was in 
Burdick & Calloway's store. He was unmarried, and a skillful workman, 
but the settlement was too sparse to furnish him with steady employment, and 
at the expiration of a year he sought a new tield of labor. Henry Sager was 
a brother-in-law to Absalom Carney; built a cabin on Franklin street, but 
before it was furnished with door, floor or window he took his departure for 
the West. 
• The village grew very slowly from this time. In 1840, it contained about 

eighteen or twenty families. The following were here in that year: David 
Houk, a wagon-maker, who came about 1835; Sterrett Irwin, a carpenter; 
Hugh Thompson, a farmer, who died soon after; L. H. Hastings; J. B. W. 
Haynes, who came, in 1840, from Virginia, was an earnest Abolitionist, a real- 
estate agent and a prominent citizen, and who died August 20, 1869, aged 
seventy-six years; Samuel Jenkins, a laborer; William Sirpless; William 
Price, who afterward operated a small grist mill here; Dr. Brookins; Ziba 
Brown, a local Disciple minister; William Phillips; John Woods; Enoch 
Fisher, a farmer, who had been in Indian service under Gen. Anthony Wayne, 
and who died in the village at the advanced age of one hundred and one years ; 



588 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Rev. Brown, the Methodist Episcopal minister; Isaac Cade, a Disciple 
preacher, who afterward died here; Henry Swartz, and the Widow Barkdull. 
Her husband, William Barkdull, was a shoe-maker, and came to Richwood from 
Mount Vernon in 1835, but soon after returned and died there. His widow, 
Mrs. Priscilla (Fisher) Barkdull, then moved with her children again to Rich- 
wood. In 1840, there was but one frame house in the village. It was owned 
and occupied by Hugh Thompson. The other dwellings were the primitive 
log cabins. 

The first store was opened at Richwood in a little log building, which 
stood on Lot 102, now occupied by Ferrier's saddlery shop, by Burdick &■ 
Calloway, in August, 1833. Hezekiah Burdick was a local Methodist Episco- 
pal preacher, and had owned and cultivated a small farm three miles southeast 
from Marysville, on Mill Creek. John Calloway was born at the Scioto salt 
works, in what is now Jackson County, in 1802, where his father was engaged 
in making salt. A year or two later they removed to Yellow Springs, Greene 
County, where Mr. Calloway was proprietor of a tavern for two years. He 
then entered a half-section of land in that county, and, after occupying it for 
eight years, was defrauded of it by a process of legal chicanery He then 
removed to Clark County, and from that county young John went to Marys- 
ville to try his fortunes, and by industry became the owner of a small prop- 
erty near Marysville and two town lots. 

Messrs. Burdick & Calloway purchased a small stock of goods at Marys 
ville, owned by L. H. Hastings, and removed them to Richwood. The stocli: 
embraced a few staple groceries and dry goods, and the entire amount was con - 
veyed to Richwood in one load. As both the purchasers were inexperienced 
in merchandising, it was stipulated in the contract of sale that Mr. Hasting- 
should remain with them several weeks, till Mr. Calloway could become accus 
tomed to his position behind the counter. This store remained in operatioiv 
about two years. Mr. Calloway withdrew, and soon after Mr. Burdick closed. 
. out his entire stock. Financially, the first store was not a brilliant success. 
Mr. Burdick soon removed to other parts, but " Major " John Calloway, as he 
is universally known, took unto himself a wife, Clark}^ R. Tonguet, in 1835, 
and settled down to rural life near Richwood. He has resided on his little 
place ever since, and is now a hale and hearty old gentleman of past eighty 
years. 

The next mercantile venture was made by Cyprian Lee and Mains Wasson. 
Foreseeing the retirement of the first business house, they purchased a stock 
of goods and brought them to Richwood in 1835. The management of the 
store was intrusted to L. H. Hastings. About a year later, they sold out to 
Henry Swartz and Dr. J. B. Brookins. A few weeks after this transfer, Ira Rey- 
nolds, a merchant at Homer, on Darby Plains, decided to open a branch store 
at Richwood, believing that a second store would prove remunerative. He 
secm'ed the services of Mr. L. H. Hastings, who soon after became a partner 
in the business, and afterward purchased Mr. Reynolds' interest and became 
sole proprietor. The store of Swartz & Brookins in time dropped out of exist- 
ence, and in 1840 Hastings' store was the only business house in Richwood. 

There has been no merchant so intimately associated with the business 
interests of Richwood as has Levin H. Hastings. For almost forty years, he 
had been an active and leading business man in the village, and was its first 
successful merchant. He was born in Maryland September 1, 1806, and, re- 
moving to Laurel, Del., became a clerk in a store there. Possessed with a 
desire to see the West, he came to Ohio, remained a short time in a store at 
Columbus, and then attended school at Delaware, Ohio, for a term or two. 
Returning to Laurel, Del., he taught the winter school and clerked again for 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 591 

a short time, then purchased a stock of goods at Baltimore, and brought them 
to Marysville in the spring of 1833. In the fall of the same year, he sold to 
Burdick & Calloway, and after spending a few weeks in Richwood returned 
to Delaware. While visiting Richwood in 1832, he had purchased 500 acres 
of land, located just east of the village, from Silas C. Strong. He married 
Mary Carroll, of Delaware, March 24, 1834, and again came to Ohio and 
settled at Richwood. Several years later, he purchased an interest in Rey- 
nolds' store, and from that time until 1874 remained in active business life 
in Richwood, except two short intervals, which he spent in Illinois and at 
Marion, Ohio. In 1874, he retired from business. He died at Richwood, 
July 30, 1882; and thus closed a life of usefulness and activity. His widow 
still resides at Richwood. 

Merchandising in early times was attended with difficulties that are un- 
known in the present day. Money was scarce, and the store was oftener the 
scene of a barte r or exchange than of a sale. The merchant had, occasionally, 
as great difficulty in disposing of the products taken in exchange for his goods 
as in the original sale of the goods. Eggs were usually quoted at 3 cents per 
dozen, and there was no demand for them. Nearly every family kept a cow, 
and butter was a drug in the home market. These products were, however, 
accepted in exchange for goods usually, and disposed of to traveling agents, who 
sold them in Cincinnati or Columbus. In the absence of money, credit be- 
came almost a necessity, and by the shifting about of many early settlers from 
one settlement to another, many accounts were lost. Coon skins, deer skins, 
home-made sugar, pork, honey and saddles of venison were the most current 
articles of exchange. Venison was sold at from 50 cents to 75 cents a saddle, 
consisting of the two hams, and was packed and taken to Columbus. By the 
fluctuation in the value of these articles, the merchants often suffered losses. 

INCOKPORATION AND OFFICERS. 

Richwood was incorporated as a village by the County Commissioners — 
William Purter, William F. Fulton and Nelson Cone — March 6, 1855, by rea- 
son of a petition from forty-one citizens of Richwood, who named B. F. Mc- 
Millan, J, B. W. Haynes and H. O. S. Heistand to act as their agents in the 
premises. This action was taken by the citizens of Richwood, it is said, in 
anticipation of the immediate building of the projected Atlantic & Great West- 
ern Railroad, by which it was expected the village would be greatly improved. 
Charles W Rosette was elected Mayor in 1855, and re-elected in 1856 and in 
1857. The railroad was not built as expected, and for some reason the people 
allowed the incorporation to lapse, or remain dormant. For a few years, no 
borough officers were elected, nor was there any village government. James 
B. W. Haynes was the next Mayor, elected in 1864, and re-elected. He was 
succeeded by J. W^ Jones, who was elected in 1868. The Clerks' record be- 
gins with the year 1868, and since then the following have been the officers of 
the village: 

1868 — J. W. Jones, Mayor; D. F. Parsons, Recorder; G. W. Canan, A. 
Spratt, V. F. Collier, P. Overshiver and P. T. Lightner, Council. 

1870 — Mayor, T. P. Cratty; Recorder, T. P. Owens; Council, two years. 
V. F. Collier, afterward resigned, P. Overshiver, resigned, and N. P. West- 
heimer, one year, D. F. Parsons, G. W. Holland and O. Curry; Treasurer, G. 
W. Canan: Marshal, F. A. Graham. 

1871— Council, O. Curry, T. Loveless and T. H. Moore, W. H. Conkright 
and E. Y. King appointed to fill vacancies; Clerk, T. P. Cowan, resigned and 
L. J. Blake appointed. 



592 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

[, 1872— Mayor W. W. Kile;'Clerk, L. J. Blake, resigned and P. H. Bauer 
elected; Treasurer, G. W, Canan; Marshal, G. B. Tucker, resigned; Street 
Commissioner, E. W. Tanner; Council. D. W. Godman, E. Y. King and G. 
W. Holland. April 17, 1872, W. W. Kile resigned and J. L. Blake was ap- 
pointed INIayor. July 10, 1872, Hylas Sabine was elected Mayor, vice L. J. 
Blake, removed. 

1873 — Mayor, H. Sabine; Council, A, .7. Blake, A. L. Smith, and Thomas 
H. Moore; Clerk, L. Sabine; Marshal, W. E. Tanner. 

1874— Mayor, L. A. Hedges; Council, F. H. Thornhill, P. T. Lightner 
and J. J Goldsmith; Clerk, William H. Reeves; Treasurer, A. Z. Converse, 
Street Commissioner, J. P. Brookins; Marshal, George K. Stewart. 

1875 — Council, James Cutler, O. Curry and Edward Tanner; Marshal, J. 
J. Woodruff. 

1876 — Mayor, J. P. Slemmons; Council, Frank Merriott, Jason Case and 
Alexander Smart; Treasurer, J. H. Vaughan; Clerk, W. H. Reeves; Marshal, 
J. J. Woodruff; Street Commissioner, S. D. Evans. 

1877 — Council, George Woods, S. M. Blake and John Rosette; Clerk, 
William B. Jones; Street Commissioner, James Hughes. 

1878 — Mayor, J. S. Gill; Council, James Eddleman, G. W. Canan, re- 
signed and S. Carter elected, and G. R. Gum; Clerk, H. M. Wright; Treas- 
urer, James H. Vaughan; Marshal, G. B. Tucker. 

1879— Council, T. H. Moore, C. W. Hoffman and G. H. Woods, resigned 
October, 1879, Robert Ferrier elected Councilman, vice Carter resigned, 
A. Ferris also elected to till vacancy. 

1880— Mayor, H. M. Wright; Clerk, A. J. Thomas; Council, O. Holmes, 
L. C. Beem, F. W. Merriott and M. W. Hill. 

1881— Council. E. Y. King, Jason Case and Thomas Moore. 

1882— Mayor, H, M. Wright; Clerk, A. J. Thomas; Council, J. L. Horn, 
William Burgner and Henry Long; Treasurer, Robert Smith; Marshal, John 
Ogan. 

ADDITIONS. 

The following are the additions that have been made to the original plat 
of Richwood. T. B. Smith, July 31, 1857, made an addition of eight lots, 
and had the plat recorded, but the addition must have been forgotten; for 
subsequent additions were made of the same land. The lots of the first and 
now forgotten addition were not numbered, but all others continue in order 
with the numbering of the original plat. Joshua S. Gill's First Addition was 
surveyed May 27, 1864, by A. S. Mowiy. It consisted of 14 lots, Nos. 153 to 
166 inclusive. Hugh S. F. Hogan's Addition of 21 lots, 167 to 188, was surveyed 
January 14 and 15, 1804, and corrected June 2, 1865, by B. A. Fay. John 
A. Cook's Addition of 8 lots, 188 to 195, was surveyed May 3, 1866, by John 
Sidle. John Wood' a Addition. 14 lots, 196 to 209, was surveyed November 2, 
1865, by E. Dix. The addition of H. H. & E. F. Poppleton, executors of 
Samuel Poppleton, deceased, 13 lots, 210 to 222, was surveyed July 20 and 
21, 1865, by A. S. Mowry. O. P. Stephen's Addition, 11 lots, 223 to 233, was 
made in July, 1869. Henry J. Merriott's Addition, 61 lots, 234 to 294, was 
surveyed October 1, 1871, by Hylas Sabine. Proprietors of subsequent addi- 
tions, with dates of survey are C. Landen, 6 lots, 295-300, November 15, 
1871; Edward Norris, 21 lots, 301-321, February 14, 1872; J. S. Gill, second 
addition, 175 lots, 322-342 and 393-546, and M. W. Hill, 37 lots, 547-583, a 
joint-survey, November 4, 5 and 6, 1872, and January 8, 9 and 10, 1873; 
William G. Beaty, 50 lots, 343-392, November, 1872; W. G. Courts, 11 lots, 
584-594, April 1, 1873; H. Sabine, fii-st addition, 14 lots, 595-608, not re- 
corded; School lot subdivision, 8 lots, 609-616, recorded March 10, 1878; Alex- 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 593 

ander Gandy and Joel D. Graham, 10 lots, 617-626, February 15, 1874; Orin 
Beam. 80 lots, 627-689 and 744-760, August 15, 1873; Henry T. Marriott, 
second addition, 38 lots, 690-727, July 10, 1875; Edward Norris, second ad- 
dition, 16 lots, 728-743. November, 1873; John A. Cook, second addition, 16 
lots, 761-776. June 1, 1874; W. H. Marriott, 14 lots, 777-790, August 10, 
1874. 

The limits of the corporation were extended May 23, 1867, and again No- 
vember 18, 1875, by order of the County Commissioners, in accordance with a 
petition from the Village Council^ presented September 6 previous. 

FIRE DEPARTMENT. 

The corporation owns an engine house, which was built in 1875, at a cost 
of about $1,300, and has a fire department, complete in all its appointments. 
A destructive tire occurred on Friday evening, April 9, 1875, on the east side of 
Franklin street, between Blagrove and Ottaway streets. It was discovered in 
a barn at the rear of Westheimer's dry goods and grocery store, and soon the 
frame hardware store of Godman, Thornhill & Co., across the alley, took fire; 
a barn farther to the east, at the rear of the Methodist Protestant Church, 
caught, and communicated the flames to the church, which was destroyed. Tele- 
grams for help were sent to Urbana and Marion, and the latter responded by 
sending a hand engine; but before it arrived the flames were extinguished. 
Nine buildings were destroyed in all, and the loss amounted to considerably 
more than $25,000. Although the Council had previously taken action looking 
to the establishment of a fire department, this destructive conflagration caused 
them to push it to completion with greater vigor than before. A hook and 
ladder company, composed of thirty members, was organized in May, 1875, 
with Col. W. L. Curry as Captain. The Council had previously purchased a 
few hooks and ladders, and had ordered a wagon made. A steam engine was 
ordered directly after the fire had occurred, from Silsby & Co., Seneca Falls, 
N. Y., and was received June 11, 1875. It, with the hose cart and 800 feet of 
hose, cost $5,250. A hose company and engine company were organized in 
June, 1875, and J. S. Gill was elected Engineer; he still fills this position. 
The fire department was a volunteer organization until 1881, when the Coun- 
cil organized three departments. The hook and ladder company consists of 
nine members, with N. W. Spratt, Foreman. The hose company contains 
nine men, and has V. F. Collier for its Foreman. W. S. Bowers is Foreman 
of the engine company, which has seven members. The members of the de- 
partment are now paid for all services rendered, either during fires or while 
on drill, and a more efficient force in a village of 1,500 people it would be 
difficult to find. Scattered over the village are eight cluster wells, each with 
from fourteen to twenty branches, driven into the ground twenty-one or twenty- 
two feet. The branches center in a five inch hydrant, and the water supply 
from them is regarded as inexhaustible. The wells costs about $350 each. 

W. W. Kile was the first Chief of the department. He served two years, 
and was succeeded, for one year, by O. Curry. George B. Tucker was then 
elected Chief by the company about four years ago, and when the department 
was re-organized by the Council he was appointed to this position, and still 
holds it. 

POSTMASTERS. 

Dr. J. P. Brookins was the first Postmaster, and he retained the office 
until his departure fi'om Richwood, in 1847. In his day, the mails were very 
irregular and scant, but it is said he would never permit the mail bags to leave 
without something in them. If there was no mail to send, he himself would 



594 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

hastily write a communication to some friend, and inclose it in the empty 
sack William Ferguson succeeded him, and held the position for quite a 
number of years. George Roberts then became Postmaster, and at the expira- 
tion of his service the office recurred to the possession of William Ferguson. 
The subsequent dispensers of mail, to the present time, have been successively 
A. J. Blake, Sarah Moore, Jane Moore, Mrs. Mary Boggs, William W. Kile 
and E. S. Hubbard. The present incumbent entered upon his duties May 1. 
1876. 

MILITIA. 

Company G, Fourteenth Regiment Ohio National Guard, " Gibson 
Guards," was organized at Richwood July 17, 1877, with forty-three men. Its 
first commissioned officers were John P. felemmons, Captain; James Hughes, 
First Lieutenant; George B. Tucker, Second Lieutenant. In the fall of 1878, 
Lieut. Hughes resigned; Mr. Tucker was promoted to the vacancy, and 
John G. Ropp elected Second Lieutenant. Capt. Slemmons resigned in the 
spring of 1880, and Lieut. Tucker was elected Captain and A. H. Miller 
First Lieutenant. Lieut. Ropp died in February, 1882, and John Ogan 
was elected to the vacancy thus occasioned. The company was re-organized 
July 17, 1882, and retains the officers as above given. The following is its 
roster of non-commissioned officers. Sergeants, M. V. Watson. John Cun- 
ningham, J. C. Irwin, W. S. Smith and W^ilbert Ferguson; Corporals, Larkin 
Tonguet, O. H. Vorhees, Noah Swartz, M. K. Baker, William McGee, F. S. 
McMahan and Willis Young. The company now numbers sixty-seven mem- 
bers. At the State Tournament of the Militia, held at Columbus in July, 
1880, the team prize for target shooting was won by Company G. It is a 
heavy, handsome gold badge, still in the possession of the company. AIro, four 
of the eight individual prizes were gained by the Richwood team. 

SOCIETIES. 

Mount Carmel Lodge, F. & A. M., No. 303, was chartered October 21, 
1858, and organized November 9 following, by John Barber, under proxy from 
the Grand Master. Members of the fraternity from Marysville assisted in the 
organization. The Marysville Band was also in attendance. The following 
were elected the first officers of the lodge: John Sidle, W. M. ; J. C. Sidle. 
S. W. ; J. Beardsley, J. W. ; L. Barber, S. D. ; Mr. Radebaugh, J. D. ; John 
Wood, Treasurer; J. S. Gill, Secretary. G. Myers, Leet Bonham, John Wir- 
rick, J. B. W. Haines and J. M. Longfellow were also charter members. The 
lodge was organized in the log house of Dr. J. N. Ross, opposite the Beeni 
House. Meetings were held there for awhile, then at the southeast corner of 
Franklin and Blagrove streets, and afterward in tho block at the southeast 
corner of Franklin and Ottaway streets. In 1873, the third floor of the Courts 
Hall became the hall of the lodge, and meetings are now held there every Tues- 
day night, on or before the full moon. The present officers are A. J. Blake, W. 
M. ; C. D. Sidle, S. W. ; C. O. Bishop, J. W. ; J. L. Jolliff, S. D. ; Robert 
Smith, J. D. ; G. H. Woods, Secretary; P. H. Bower, Treasurer; J. W. Mc- 
Cracken, Tiler; P. J. C. Irwin and W. H. Richards, Stewards. 

Richwood Lodge, No. 443, I. O. O. F. , was granted a dispensation May 
10, 1870, and instituted June 11, 1870. The charter members were Andrew 
Spratt, Bvron Andrews, R. C. Bigelow, Solomon W' alker, W. H. Robertson, 
Richard Biddle, Robert Ferrier, Henry Biddle, G. W. Canan, N. P. West- 
heimer, William Drumm, Morgan Young and two others. The first Noble 
Grand was Morgan Young; the first Vice Grand, Andrew Spratt. The present 
officers are G. W. Holland, N. G.; Dr. W. B. Duke, V. G.; Henry Hazen, 
Sec; W. J. Slemmons, Per. Sec.; R. Ferrier, Treasurer. Two of the charter 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 595 

members are deceased, Richard and Harry Biddle. The lodge is in a flourish- 
ing condition, and meets every Satui'day evening. It was organized in the 
Westheimer Block, w^hich burned in 1875. Several years before that, however, 
they built the third floor of the John A. Woods building, on west Franklin 
street, at a cost of $2,250, and have since had a commodious and neatly fur- 
nished hall. The present membership is about one hundred and ten. 

Richwood Encampment, No. 185, I. O. O. F., was granted a warrant May 
5, 1875, and duly instituted June 8, 1875, by W. B. Kennedy. The charter 
membership was composed of Charles E. Canan, William H. Reeves, Stephen 
D. Evans, John E. Rosette, Nathan P. Westheimer, Byron F. Andrews and 
John M. Guthrie. The regular evenings for meetings are the first and third 
Mondays of each month. The membership at present numbers fifty-five, 
and the official list is as follows: M. M. Mather, C. P. ; W. S. Bowers, J. W. ; 
A. M. Tricky, S. W.; Simpson Price, H. P.; W. G. Vaughan, Scribe; Philip 
Bender, Treasurer. The first officers were C. E. Canan, C P.; H. D. Evans, 
H. P. ; W. H. Reeves, S. W. ; J. E. Rosette, J. W. ; N. P. Westheimer, 
Scribe; B. F. Andi-ews, Treasurer. 

Delpha Lodge, No. 99, Daughters of Rebekah, was instituted August 10, 
1874. The original members were Will H. Reeves, John Drum, J. H. Ran- 
dall, E. Y. King, W. H. Conkright, L. A. Hedges, N. E. Paterick, Mrs. E. A. 
Reeves, Mrs. J. Drum, Mrs. Maud Randall, Mrs. E. Y. King, Mrs. W. H. 
Conkright, Mrs. L. A. Hedges, Mrs N. E. Paterick, Mrs. Solomon Walker, 
Mrs. A. Spratt, Mrs. Charles Canan, Mrs. Robert Ferrier, Mrs. A. Lower, Mrs, 
R. White, Mrs. L. Case, Mrs. N. P. Westheimer, Mrs. L. Fisher and others. 
The lodge was in a prosperous condition for a few years, and still retains its 
charter. 

Rising Sun Lodge, No. 71, Knights of Pythias, was granted a charter 
May 27, 1875, and instituted June 8 of the same year. The charter members 
were S. J. Finch, H. W. Finch, J. H. Randall, J. Critchfield, T. C. Owen, J. 
H. Vaughan, P. E. Barnes, Will H. Reeves, G. R. Gum and J. J. Woodruff. 
The membership has increased from ten to seventy-eight, and the lodge is now 
officered by J. C. Irwin, P. C; C. E. Hill, C. C; Jerry Bigelow, V. C; W. 
S. Smith, Prelate; J. W. Scott, M. at A.; J. E. Robinson, K. of R. and S.; 
John Lake, M. of Ex. ; J. C. Lough, M. of F. ; N. W. Spratt, I. G. ; M. K. 
Baker, O. G. Meetings are held every Wednesday evening. For two years 
the Odd Fellows Hall was the place of meeting, and the lodge then rented a 
hall on the second floor of W. S. Bowers' building, and occupied it until the 
fall of 1882. Diu'ing the summer of 1882, it erected the third story of the 
Cooper Building, corner of Franklin and Blagrove sti'eets, at an expense of 
$1,600, aud now has a handsome and nicely furnished hall. But one death 
has occurred in the lodge since its formation — that of George D. Winchell. 
The lodge has a drill corps of seventeen uniforms, and in the near future it is 
believed a Division will be formed here. 

Union Lodge, No. 5, of the Prudential Order of America, was organized 
July 25, 1882, with twenty- four members. Its first and present officers are 
John Brookins, P. R. ; Charles Lyons, E. R. ; William Guthrie, V. R. ; 
Thomas P. Fadley, Prelate; Joseph Scott, Ins.; O. H. Gaines, Rec. Sec: 
James Moore, Fin. Sec; H. A. Thomas, Treas. ; Thomas Gill, I. W. ; Clifton 
Smith, O. S. ; David Willoughby, Conductor. The lodge meets every Monday 
night, and now has a membership of thirty six. It was organized at the K. 
of P. Hall, and now meets in the Bowers Hall. The order is a recent one, 
and in its nature is both a fraternal and a mutual insurance association. Its 
membership is Charles H. Jacobs, R. W. Connell, D. B. Willoughby, Clifton 
Smith, W. H. Richards, T. P. Fadely, Charles Lyons, W. A. Guthrie, L. J. 



596 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Robertson, Albert Reynolds, Thomas J. Gill, William P. Smith, W. B. Duke. 
Louis C. Beem, J. P. Brookins, A. J. Thomas, Edgar M. Horn, George W. 
Metzger. L. B. Johnson, Osco H. Games, F. C. Smith, C. H. Smith, M. K. 
Baker, William A. Smith, Joseph W. Scott, John M. Horn, S. W. Van Win- 
kle, James N. Moore. 

Richwood Diyision, No. 74, Sons of Temperance, is the latest organization. 
It was instituted by A. M. Collins November 7, 1882, and began its existence 
with a membership of forty. Tuesday evening of each week is the time of 
meeting. Its officers are L. Myers, Worthy Patriarch; Mrs. E. J. Tucker, 
Worthy Associate; Miss Lettie Layton, Recording Scribe; Charles Bailey, As- 
sistant Recording Scribe; P. R. Ken', Financial Secretary; Mrs. S. V. R. 
Young, Treasurer; Rev. E. G. Brombaugh, Chaplain; O. H. Games, Conduc- 
tor; Miss Maggie Burgner, Assistant Conductor; Miss Ruth Wilcox, I. S. ; 
John McElfish, O. S. ; Miss E. Simpson, Past W. Patriarch; P. R. Kerr, Divis- 
ion Deputy; O, Beem, Thomas Livingston and M. Vestal, Trustees. 

PHYSICIANS. 

Dr. John P. Brookins was the first — and for many years the only — regular 
resident practitioner of Richwood. J. N. Ross was probably the next. He 
came, in 1840, from Zanesville, and remained in practice until his death in 
1869. Benjamin F. McMillan located here in the summer of 1847, the date 
that Dr. Brookins' removal to Eaton. He came from Licking County, and 
maintained a successful practice until about 1867, when he removed to 
Mahaska County, Iowa, Dr. Atwood came about the same time, but remained 
for only a short period. H. O. S. Heistand removed to Richwood from Mans- 
field about 1852, and continued in practice until his death a few years later. 
Aaron Irwin read medicine iinder his instructions, and at his death acquired 
his practice. Dr. Irwin died in service. Dr. White located here at the close 
of his service in the late war, and practiced for several years. He then re 
moved to Pickaway County. Dr. Stephenson came from Westerville, about 
1867, but soon after removed to Springfield. Dr. T. C. Owen settled at Rich- 
wood about 1865. He had been a Sui'geon in service. He practiced here until 
a few" years ago. Other physicians, who have been located at Richwood for 
only a short period, are Dr. I. N. Hamilton, Dr. Randall, Dr. Thomas Mather. 
Dr. Miller, Dr. Harris and Dr. Leach, a homceopathist. Dr. R. D. Connell 
was the first homceopathist to locate here. He came, about 1873, from Mans- 
field, but removed to Columbus in J 879, and is now engaged in practice in 
that city. 

The medical fraternitv at Richwood to-day consists of six members — Drs. 
E. Y. King, P. H. Bauer, W. B. Duke, R. W. Connell, B. I. Barbee and B. 
P. Hall. 

Dr. King is an allopathist, and located at Richwood in 1866, coming from 
Fredericktown. Dr. Bauer settled here in 1871. His partner, Dr. Hall, came 
in the spring of 1882. Dr. Duke is a practitioner of the eclectic school. He 
has been here since 1875. Dr. Connell, a homceopathist, located in March, 
1877, and Dr. Barbee, of the same school, in August, 1880. 

ATTORNEYS. 

The bar of Richwood is not very strong, numerically speaking, though it 
has sufficient legal talent to attend successfully to the litigation that arises 
here. In olden times. Col. J. B. W. Haynes figured prominently as a pleader 
before local magistrates, and somewhat later Hylas Sabine and T. B. Cratty 
were often called upon to represent their neighbors and friends before the 
justices. 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 59T 

Louis J. Blake was the first admitted attorney to locate at Richwood. He 
is a graduate of Litchfield Law School, and in 1871 opened an office at Rich- 
wood. Two years later, he removed East, and is now in practice at South 
Norwalk, Conn. P. R. Kerr came next, and is still practicing. S. S. Gard- 
ner, in 1877, located here, and is still in practice. The latest disciple of, 
Blackstone in Richwood is S. W. Van Winkle. He opened his office in the 
summer of 1882. 

SCHOOLS, 

Of the early schools of Richwood, only a few facts can be gleaned. The 
first ones were conducted on the customary subscription plan, and the children 
of those who could not afford this voluntary per capita tax were deprived of 
the benefits of the education, which, at best was very meager. The village 
has had fou.r schoolhouses; one log, two frame and the present handsome and 
durable brick building. The first school was taught about the year 1834, in 
an unoccuj^ied cabin, which stood on Lot 8, southeast corner of Franklin and 
Bomford streets, afterward the residence of L. H. Hastings. William Phillips 
had the honor of teaching this primitive school. About 1835, the citizens of 
the village raised a log schoolhouse on Lot 142, Blagrove street, where now 
stands the residence of C. Hufiman. It was rudely furnished, without any of the 
modern appliances now deemed necessary, and was occupied as a schoolhouse un- 
til about 1840, when it became too small and too dilapidated to be any longer 
suited for the purpose. Richwood did not furnish many of the early teachex's. 
They were usually young men and women from Marysville and other surround- 
ing towns. Mary Waters, from near Prospect, Delaware County, taught two 
terms here between 1836 and 1839. Other teachers who held sway in this log 
schoolhouse were Horatio Hickok, Miss Clarissa Price, the daughter of Will- 
iam Price, Miss Henrietta Skinner, of Marysville, and Miss Matilda Munson, of 
Norton. The latter taught here during the summer of 1838. John W. Ham- 
ilton was the teacher during the winter of 1838-39, and Miss Henrietta Skin- 
ner during the following summer. Cornelius Hamilton taught the winter 
term of 1839-40. This was probably the last school held in this building. 

Another schoolhouse was not erected immediately, but for a few years in- 
struction was given in the churches of the village. Col. J. B. W. Haynes 
taught during the winter of 1840-41, in the old Methodist Protestant Church, 
which stood on Franklin street. The next winter James Dara taught in the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. Succeeding teachers of winter schools in these 
churches were James C. Dobey, John P. Graham, C. S. Hamilton, who re- 
signed on account of sickness and was succeeded by Lucy Johnson, of Marys- 
ville, Jacob Spaflbrd and John Barber. Miss Johnson was an accomplished 
and thorough teacher. Under her control, a marked improvement was made in 
the efficiency of the schools. Her successor, Mr. Spafford, was an energetic 
and skillful instructor, as was also Mr. Barber, and under their management 
the Richwood School lost none of the prestige it had gained under their pre- 
decessor. William H. Ferguson then taught for two winters, in a building 
which occupied the site of Blake's drug store. Lot 4". H. C. Hamilton, dur- 
ing the winter of 1849-50, taught in the Methodist Protestant Chm'ch. The 
attendance was so great that the services of an assistant teacher, Miss Jane 
Thompson, became necessary. 

The subject of a new schoolhouse was then agitated, and, about 1850, a 
small frame building, containing but one room, was erected on Lot 113, Ful- 
ton street. Its limits soon became too contracted to accommodate all the 
youth of the village, and the adjoining Methodist Episcopal Church was called 
into requisition, to afford room for an overflow department. These buildings 
were in use until 1860. During this period of about ten years, the following 



598 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

teachers were employed: Julia Brown, of Marysville, William Ferguson, 
Thomas Barkdull, now a Methodist Episcopal minister of Toledo, Ohio, Israel 
Kinney, Jamen Eurts, J. S. Gill and John Swartz. 

In 1860 or 1861, a large frame, containing three apartments, two on the 
first and one on the second floor, was erected on the large lot on South Frank- 
lin street, which has since become the School Subdivision of lots. Jacob 
Lowe, Mrs. Jacob Lowe and Miss Anna Irwin were the first corps of teachers 
in this school building. Clinton Case. Cadwallader Walker, Jacob Lowe and 
Miss Maggie Fisher were subsequent Principals in this schoolhouse. It re- 
mained in use until the erection of the present schoolhouse in 1875-76. 

Until 1867, the schools of Richwood constituted a township school dis- 
trict. In May of that year, several citizens, wishing the village to withdraw 
from the township as a school district, gave notice as follows: 

NOTICE. 

The qualified electors of Subdistrict No. 3, of Claibourne Township, Union CountJ^ 
Ohio, are requested to meet at the post office of Richwood, Ohio, at 2 o'clock, P. M., on 
Wednesday, June 12, 1867, and there to vote by ballot for or against a separation of said 
subdistrict from the township, into an Independent District under the law of February 
26, 1849, and the law amendatory thereto. 

(Signed) A. J. Blake, J. S. Gill , 

J. J. Thompson, T. C. 0\\tens, 

J. D. Graham, J. W. Jones. 

In accordance with this notice, an election was held at the specified time, 
which resulted in a separation from the township. 

At a special election for members of the new Board, the following were 
chosen: A. J. Blake and J. S. Gill for three years; J. D. Graham and T. C. 
Owen for two years; and G. W. Courts and J. J. Thompson for one year. 
The Board was organized with A. J. Blake, President; J. S. Gill, Treasurer; 
and T. C. Owen, Secretary. 

The first Board of School Examiners in the new district consisted of W. 
H. Ferguson, H. Sabine and Prof. William Lowe. The first teachers elected 
under the new system were Prof. William Lowe, Principal; Miss Martha 
Graham, Teacher of the Primary Department; Miss Sarah Moore, Teacher of 
the Intermediate Dep.irtment, 

One of the first acts of the new board was to build an addition to the 
schoolhouse, a one- story room on the east end of the old building. The parti- 
tion between the two lower rooms of the old schoolhouse was removed, and the 
number of departments remained the same as before — three. 

The following is the result of subsequent elections for members of School 
Board: 1868, J. W. Jones and J. J. Thompson for thi-ee years; 1869, G. W. 
Canan and T. C. Owen; 1870, T. P. Cratty and A. J. Blake; 1871, Thomas 
H. Moore and J. A. Cook; 1872, A. L. Smith and G. W. Canan; 1873, G. B. 
Hamilton and S. V. R. Young. In 1874 there was no election. Previous 
elections had been held in the month of June, but by the law the time of elec- 
tion was now changed to April. In ^lay 1874, T. H. Moore and A. L. Smith 
resigned as members; W. L. Curry and W. H. Ferguson were appointed to fill 
the vacancies until the following April. In 1875, W. H. Ferguson and P. E. 
Barnes were chosen for three years, O. Beem for one year; 1876, G. W'. 
Canan and S. M. Blake, three years, O. Beem, one year; 1877, J. D. Graham 
and H. H. Pringle, three years, Dr. E. Y. King, one year, vice W. H. Fergu- 
son, resigned; 1878, C. W. Torrey and Dr. E. Y. King; 1879, A. J. Blake 
and J. P. Slemmons, three years, G. W. Holland, two years, vice C. W. Tor- 
rey, resigned: 1880, James Cutler and J. D. Graham; 1881, George Smith, 
T. J. Williams and J. E.Howe. The present Board is constituted as follows: 
J. D. Graham, President; W. H. Conkright, Secretary; George Smith, Treas- 
urer; James Cutler, T. J. Williams and J. E. Howe. y ^ 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 601 

In 1868, William Lowe was re-elected Principal of the schools. In 1869, 
G, W. Buell was elected Principal, and re-elected the following year. In 
October, 1870, an additional rooro being needed, the basement of the Meth- 
odist Episcopal Church was secured, and a primary school established there, 
with Miss Etta Clark as teacher. In 1871, J. W. Sleppy was elected Princi- 
pal. He held the position two years. Id 1873, S. J. Flickinger was elected, 
but his eyes failed him and he resigned. O. J. Richards succeeded him, in 
November, 1878. He was re-elected in 1874. John Kelb was Principal in 
1875-76. In 1873, another apartment became necessary to accommodate the 
increasing attendance, and a room on the second floor of D. F. Parson's build- 
ing was procm-ed, at a rental of $8 per month. 

At a meeting of the Board, January 6; 1875, a resolution was passed, to 
submit to the qualified voters of the district the question of authorizing the 
Board to issue bonds to the amount of $20,000, bearing seven per .cent interest 
per annum, payable semi-annually, and to levy a tax of $20,000 to meet the 
payment of the bonds for the erection of a new schoolhouse, the bonds to run 
ten years. February i, following, the election was held, and resulted — Yes, 
134-, no, 49. Some disagreement was manifested in selecting a site for the 
proposed edifice; but Lots 141, 142 and 143 were finally purchased for $600. 
J. Mozier, of Toledo, architect, prepared plans and specifications, which were 
accepted; notice for proposals was issued, and the bid of Woodward & Son, to 
furnish all material and complete the building for $15,895 was accepted. The 
purchase of additional lots, grading and other expenses, aggregated the total 
cost of the building about $20,000. Its erection was commenced in 1875 aud 
completed in 1876. It is a large, handsome, brick edifice, containing eight 
departments; is surrounded by a broad, deep lawn, and presents, in a village 
the size of Richwood, marked evidence of enterprise and prosperity. 

The first school tex'm in the building began in the fall of 1876. R. M. 
Boggs was Superintendent; Mrs. Minnie M. Coi'ey, Teacher of the Grammar 
School; Mrs. R. E. Connell, Intermediate Teacher: Mrs. J. P. Brookins, First 
Primary Teacher, and Miss Dora Armstrong, Second Primary Teacher. In Octo- 
ber, 1876, Miss Anna Smedley was engaged as Assistant Teacher of the High 
School. At present there are eight departments — A. B, C and D Primary; A. 
B, C and D Grammar, A and B grades of the Grammar constituting one de- 
partment, and the High School. 

Mr. Boggs, at the expiration of three years, was succeeded by A. E. Glad- 
ding, who served as Superintendent two years. 

P. R. Mills, the present Superintendent, was elected in 1881, and re- 
elected the year following. The schools are in a high state of efficiency. 
The High School course extends through three years. 

The branches pursued are as follows: 

Junior Year — First Term, Algebra, Physiology and Latin; Second Term, 
Algebra, Physical Geography and Latin; Third term, the same. 

Middle Year — First Term, Geometry, Physics and Latin; Second Term, 
the same; Third Term, Geometry, Civil Government and Latin. 

Senior Year — First Term, Arithmetic, General History and Latin; Second 
'l"'erm. Trigonometry, English Literature, Grammar and Latin; Third Term, 
Surveying, English Literature, Grammar and Latin. Rhetorical work is con- 
tinued monthly throughout the entire covu'se. 

Three classes have graduated from this course, as follows: 

1880— Edwin S. Gill, Mary V. Finley, Frank Stubert, Julia Torrey. 

1881— James S. H. Hoover. 

1882 — J. S. Blake, Bessie Blake, Minnie Beem, Clara Bowers, Nellie 
Burgner, Mamie Godman, Fannie Godman, Jessie Graham, Will Graham, 



602 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Clara Hamiltori, Charles King, Zora Fadely, Ida Lake. Littie Layton, O. E. 
Loveless, Willis loung. 

Much of the information contained in this sketch of the schools of Rich- 
wood was kindly prepared by Mr. A. J. Blake, to whom, for this and many 
other favoi's, our thanks are due. 

NEWSP.\PERS. 

The Blchicood Gazette was ushered into the world August 16, 1872, by J. 
H. Vaughan and AV. H. Nicholson, with J. H. Yaughan as editor. November 
13, 1878, Mr. Yaughan became sole publisher, and remained alone in chai'ge 
of the paper until October 20, 1879, when it was purchased and edited by 
Robert Smith and W. Ferguson. Just two years later, Mr. Smith purchased 
the interest of his partner, and exactly one year afterwai'd, or October 20, 
1882, he disposed of a half-interest to George W. AYorden. During the Urst 
year. Friday was the day of publication. It was then changed to Thursday, 
and has so remained ever since. In politics, the Gazette is independent. It 
is a local paper, aims to pi'esent its readers with all home news of interest, 
together with a choice selection of miscellaneous matter, and is devoted to the 
interests of its town and county. Its circulation exceeds eight hundred 
copies. 

The second joui'nalistic venture was made by J. S. Blake & Bro., January 
28, 1882, by issuing the iirst number of the Ricluvood Reporter. The enter- 
prise has proved a success, and indicates that there is ample room in Rich- 
wood for two newspapers. The Reporter is independent in politics, and is 
published every Satui'day. Although, at this writing, it has not yet completed 
its Iirst year, it has already attained a worthy subscription list, and bids fair 
to rank among the permanent institutions of Richwood. 

HOTELS. 

"V\'illiam Sirpless was the Urst citizen of Richwood to provide entertain- 
ment for the wayfaring stranger. He made no pretensions to inn-keeping, 
but only accommodated those, at his log residence, who desired temporary 
lodging and board. David Houk succeeded him. His dwelling house served 
him as a tavern, but he made tavern-keeping a business. His house stood on 
the west side of Franklin street, just north of Merriott's store. Mr. Houk 
removed to Eaton, Ohio, in a few years. Jesse Reed afterward kept hotel at 
the same place. 

About 1843, J. B. W. Haynes became a village host, at the northeast cor- 
ner of Franklin and Bomford streets. A few years later, he crossed Franklin 
street, and occupied Houk's old tavern stand, then biiilt a two-story frame on 
Lot \)~, where Miller's store now stands. R. C. Bigelow siTcceeded him as 
landlord here. 

About 1848 or 1850. John Mulvain erected a hotel where the Parsons 
House now stands, northwest corner of Franklin and Blagrove streets. It has 
since changed hards repeatedly, and has always since been occupied as a 
hotel. Since it has come into the possession of the present proprietor, D. F. 
Parsons, it has been extensively remodeled and enlarged. 

In the winter of 1854-55, R. AV. AVeisz, then a merchant, built a hotel 
now known as the Beem House, and in June, 1855, moved into it as landlord. 
He sold it. in 1866. to John Meyei*. In 1869, it was used as a grocery store 
for awhile, then sold to J. J. Goldsmith, who restored it to its original in- 
tended use. O. Beem was the next proprietor. He then rented it for a year 
to J. Campbell, and in 18"] 7 J. "\V. Gaston purchased it. It has sincebeen 
conducted by A. Faris & Son. 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. (503 



The first bank in Eichwood was opened, in 1866, by J. M. Davids and G. 
Allen, with Mr. Davids as manager. The capital was limited, and the bank 
survived only a single year. 

In 1867, the Bank of Eichwood was organized, with G. B. Hamilton, 
President. He was succeeded by W. H. Conkright, and he in turn by James 
Cutler, the present President, in 1880. B. L. Talmage was first and present 
Cashier. The stock amounts to $20,000, and the stockholders are James Cut- 
ler, B. L. Talmage, W. H. Conkright, I. and B. Cahill and the estate of Nich- 
olas Money. 

The Union County Bank was organized and began business January 1, 
1874, with T. P. Cratty, President, and A. J. Blake, Cashier. J. Q. Eoads 
and S. M. Blake were each original stockholders, and the latter is still a mem- 
ber in the bank. J. P. Brookms is book-keeper. 

Kill— 

MANUFACTURING INTERESTS. 

In about the year 1842, J. S. Gill, Sr., began the manufacture of wooden 
bowls on an extensive scale at Eichwood; first on Lot 36, Clinton street, and 
afterward on Lot 438, South Fulton street. His factory burned here in 1869, 
but he rebuilt, and proceeded again with the manufacture for a year or two, 
then removed the establishment just across the Indiana State line, near Dixon, 
Ohio. This was the only manufacturing enterprise of any magnitude that is 
not represented to-day. 

The largest establishment in Eichwood at the present time is the saw mill 
and planing mill of Beem & Biddle. In 1873, L. C. and Benjamin F. Biddle 
stationed a portable saw mill on the site of their present mills, and in the fall 
of that year built a two story frame mill, using the upper story for a carpen- 
ter shop. In 1874, George Johnson purchased the interest of B. F. Beem, but 
in a short time Orin Beem became a partner, and soon after Mr. Johnson sold 
his share to his two partners, L. C. and Orin Beem. December 1, 1875, Orin 
Beem retired from the firm, and C. N. Biddle became the junior member of 
the firm, which has since been Beem & Biddle. A stationary boiler and 
engine was substituted for the portable engine in the winter of 1874. The 
mill, with all the lumber, was totally destroyed by fire June 26, 1876, at a 
loss of $3,000; no insurance. The energetic, but now involved, owners rebuilt 
at once, mostly by their own labor, and, by their strictest economy and utmost 
industry, running night and day, during the ensuing winter they cleared 
themselves from all pecuniary liabilities. In the fall of 1877, they built the 
planing mill, 30x60 feet, mainly from the cullings of the saw mill. They 
adopted the novel method of making one boiler furnish the power for both saw 
and planing mill, by conveying the steam from the saw mill boiler to the 
planing mill engine, one hundred feet distant, through an undergiound pijDe. 
Befsides supplying the home market, the saw mill, in 1876, began to furnish 
Barney & Smith, car builders, Dayton, Ohio, with their oak lumber, and 
Aultman & Taylor, of Mansfield, with ash and hickory lumber for threshing 
machines, besides shipping lumber elsewhere. Foreseeing that the supply of 
this lumber would soon be exhausted, the firm, in 1880, sought a market for 
elm lumber, as the most available in this locality. In that year they began 
the manufacture of wheelbarrow trays for the Eevolving Scraper Company, 
of Columbus, Ohio, and this year (1882) have entered into a contract to fur- 
nish it with 100,000 wheelbarrow sets for $44,000, a set consisting of tray, 
handles, legs and strips. To meet this demand, their facilities must be in- 
creased, and over $6,000 was expended for new machinery, including a new 
Corliss engine. The lumber is taken from the stump, and to assist in prepar- 



604 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. » 

ing it a saw mill has been erected in Jackson Township. About thirty men 
are employed at the mills throughout the year. Besides fulfilling this con- 
tract, Beem & Biddle do a general line of work in the saw and planing mill 
business. 

Loveless, Howe & Bishop are the proprietors of a woolen mill on East 
Ottaway street, which was built in May, 1869, and has been operated since. 
Manufacturing is carried on, however, only during a portion of each year, 
and is chiefly confined to yarns and satinets. Besides this, the firm deals ex- 
tensively in wool. It has offices in surrounding towns, and in the aggregate, 
buys from three to five hundred thousand pounds of wool annually. Hides, 
pelts and furs are also handled largely, the purchases amounting to about 
$12,000 per year. The mill was built by Messrs. T. S. Loveless and J. E 
Howe. C. O. Bishop became a partner in March, 1881. There is but one 
grist mill at Richwood, now operated in the name of D. H. Roland. Naman 
Price, as early as 1836 or 1888, constructed a tread grist mill on the site of 
the present mill. It consisted of a large inclined wheel, perhaps forty feet in 
diameter, from which the motive power was obtained by placing on one side of 
the wheel from two to four oxen, whose weight would cause it to revolve. A 
saw mill was afterward attached, and operated by the same power. This 
rude, primitive structui'e, which, however, fully supplied the milling necessities 
of the first settlers, was remodeled by John Fields, and steam power added. 
He had two runs of buhrs, and his business was confined to a little custom 
work. It afterward came into the possession of Thomas Dutton, and from him 
was purchased by G. W. Canan, in 1864. Mr. Canan rebuilt it, and added 
greatly to its facilities. It contains four run of buhrs, and its work is chiefly 
custom. Mr. Canan sold it in 1879, to the present proprietor. 

The planing mills of S. M. & A. J. Blake were started by S. Carter and 
S. M. Blake about 1871. In the spring of 1874, A. J. Blake acquired an in- 
terest, and during the winter of 1878-79 Mr. Carter retired. Since then, the 
firm has been as at present. It began on a small scale, and has ever since 
gradually but steadily increased in business. 

Four grain warehouses are in operation. That of Camp, Randall & Lyon, 
now superintended by T. J. Williams, does an annual business of from 150 to 
200 car-loads, in gi-ain, coal, seeds and salt. The warehouse was built by E. 
Thompson, soon after the railroad was constructed, and was operated by 
Thompson & Graham for some time. 

H. D. Gill became a dealer in grain and seeds in September, 1879, and 
now does a business of over 100,000 bushels per year. 

O. P. & L. Lennox started in business in August, 1881, and annually buy 
and ship large quantities of grain. D. H. Roland, also, deals largely in 
grain. 

Camp, Randall & Lyon, in 1871, built a flax mill at a cost of $7,000. It 
was operated for about ten years. Flax has ceased to be a crop in this local- 
ity, and the mill suspended business from lack of material. 

Three large tile manufactories at Richwood are in operation. They are 
owned by C. J. & L. G. Monroe, Martin Scheiderer and Horn Brothers. 

The mercantile business of Richwood is now represented by four dry goods 
stores, three clothing stores, three groceries, two bakeries, two jeweler stores, 
one provision store, one furniture store, two hardware stores, three drug stores, 
one tin and stove store, two boot and shoe stores, three millinery shops and 
one merchant tailoring establishment. 

There are also here three meat markets, three livery stables, two lumber 
yards, two harness shops, one carriage repository, one i-epair machine shop, 
three blacksmith shops, several shoe shops and a cooper shop. 



CLAIBOUBNE TOWNSHIP. 605 

SOME EARLY INCIDENTS.* 

July 4, 1838, was observed in Richwood in old pioneer style. The people 
turned out en masse; a martial band was employed, consisting of James Lan- 
don, Cyrus Landon and Payne Landon. Tliey were paid 50 cents each, and 
came on foot, carrying their drums from Prospect, a distance of six miles. 
Rev. Jacob Young delivered the oration. In the morning, while the people 
were gathering, a foot-race was arranged between William Bennett and Ben- 
jamin M. Hamilton. The latter was young and quick in his motions; he had 
been in the habit of outrunning his schoolmates, in Muskingum County, and 
gave out word that he could outrun any one in Richwood. Bennett was an old 
hunter, and once a very powerful man, in which respect he was like all his 
brothers. They started, from what is now the center of town, and ran south, 
on the Marysville road. At first, Bennett allowed Hamilton to lead him by 
twenty feet or more, but, when about half way, began to lope off something like 
a deer; and in a few jumps he was in the lead. He then turned and ran 
backwards, calling on Hamilton to "come on," and not to be discouraged! 
Bennett won the race, making half the distance backwards. He then said he 
could beat Hamilton any distance, and carry old man Cade — who would weigh 
over two hundred pounds — on his back. 

In the summer of 1842, when, I was twelve years old, and was a small boy, 
carrying the mail from Richwood to Marysville and back every Friday, I 
chanced to see an old-fashioned militia muster at Pharisburg. Capt. VVesten- 
hoover was in command. The ground was wet and muddy; the Captain had 
on a large, bell-crowned beaver hat, and a blue spike-tailed coat with a great 
many brass buttons. He was in his bare feet, and had his home-made pants 
rolled up to the knees. As I came into Pharisburg from Marysville, Capt. 
Westenhoover came, leading his company south, with David Welsh in the lead 
and the Scott boys next. At what is now the south part of town, the Captain 
countermarched his company, and started north, and all went well until they 
came near the cross-roads, and to a large oak stump that was near the road. At 
this point, Welsh gave a knowing wink to those around, and then aimed for 
the stvimp and fell over it, and was followed by all the company, until they all 
lay in one pile around the stump, with their broom-sticks and corn-stalks in 
their hands, and raising a roar of laughter. This broke up the muster in a 
row. 

About the year 1841, I chanced to go to Marysville on an errand. I 
went across the square, to the southwest side, to Rodney Picket's store, where 
I heard some men indulging in loud laughing. I was a timid boy, but got 
close enough to overhear the cause of laughter. A man, whose name I did not 
learn, had taken a contract to paint the court house, and had prepared his 
paint by mixing in buttermilk, in order to save money; but when he carried 
it to the building to commence work he left it for a short time, and some hogs 
drank it up— and this was what the men were laughing about. 

In early times, there lived on the knoll east of the present residence of G. 
B. Hamilton, a person of some notoriety known by the name of " Dick;" and 
such we will call him in this history. Dick was an innocent kind of a fellow, 
whose lies were not of the kind to make mischief, and whose stealings were on 
a small scale, and of such things as he stood in need of. It was said of Dick 
that if he borrowed a horse he would feed it well, if he had to steal the grain 
from its owner to do so. He was always ready to do a kind act, and was 
looked upon as rather a good kind of fellow, in spite of his weakness. Ho 
was a man of some talent, had a passion for polemics, and was fond of talking 
of his skill as a debater. He had one besetting sin, that was not offset by a 

* Contributed by Capt. H. C. Hamilton. 



606 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

vii'tue sufficient, in the eyes of his neighbors, for the wrong; it was that of 
whipping his wife, whose name was Hannah. The old men of the community 
tried to scold and shame him out of su bad a habit, but it was of no use. 
Very frequently Hannah's screams would be heard all the country round, and 
the neighbors would be disturbed by his efforts to correct his wife. It was 
finally proposed that the young men of the neighborhood should take the mat 
ter in hand, and try the effect of a debate on " Poor Richard." The matter 
was duly considered, and plans matured. It was arranged to hold the debate 
in the upper room of Samuel Hamilton's house, which was the best room of 
the kind in the country, save the two churches in Rich wood. The time for 
meeting was set at 2 o'clock on Saturday afternoon, that all might attend. 
First, there was to be a question discussed such as Dick was fond of, and he 
was to be one of the principal disputants, John Graham was to be President 
Judge of the first debate, and when it closed, and the decision of the judges 
was given, he was to retire from his chair and name his successor. Upon 
doing so, he chose Dick as the Pre-iident Judge on the debate to follow. The 
first one was cut short, to give time to the second. Richard, upon taking the 
chair, returned thanks for the honor done him, and stated that the next thing 
in order was to choose the Assistant Judges; whereupon Samuel Graham and 
Eleazer Rose were appointed — they being in league with the others in the 
scheme to give Dick a scorching. The three were placed on the seats of 
honor, with Richard in the center. It was further agreed that the question 
should be, "What crime should sink a man the lowest in the estimation of the 
community? " James C. Dobie and C. S. Hamilton were appointed leaders in 
the discussion. Dobie chose J. H. Hamilton and B. Graham as his assistants, 
while Hamilton chose John Graham and John Wells. Each leader was to 
choose for himself whatever crime he saw fit, as being the one that should sink 
a person the lowest in the esteem of his fellow-men, each speaker to be al- 
lowed two speeches. Dobie opened the discussion by choosing lying and steal- 
ing, as being the worse of all crimes. He was a fluent speaker, and made a 
good address, scoring Dick pretty heavily. He was followed by Hamilton, 
who had great difficulty in finding a crime that was as degrading as lying or 
stealing. After naming over all the crimes he could think of, he finally con- 
cluded to select " wife-whipping" as the one which, above all others, should 
sink a man the lowest in the scale of human existence. Poor Richard now 
saw that he was caught, but it was too late; for if he had attempted to leave, 
the two assistant judges would have held him to his post. Hamilton opened 
for his side, by admitting all that Dobie had said as to jthe meanness of the 
liar and thief, but argued that the man who would whip his wife was meaner 
still. When it came John Graham's turn to speak, he made a fine argument, 
tending to show that in the single act of whipping a wife were found all the 
crimes in the list — that the wife-whipper was a liar and a perjurer as well as 
a thief. Dobie's side made an effort to ward off some of the blows, and did 
well for some three hours, until it came Hamilton's turn to close the debate. 
He, no doubt, then made the best speech of his life; taking the position that a 
man might be a liar, a thief, a robber, a pirate, a murderer, and yet, if he had 
manhood enough left in him to live true to his marriage vows, he was entitled 
to some respect from his fellow-men; but that when he was so far gone as to 
beat his own wife^the mother of his children — he was so low down in the 
scale of existence that he was not entitled to any respect from either men or 
devils; and the wife-beater was to be shunned and scoroed in this life, as one 
would shun a viper; even in hell he would not be accounted worthy to asso- 
ciate with the lost, but that in one corner there would be a place by itself, in 
which to confine none but wife-whippers, for the reason that they were so low 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 607 

it would be unjust to compel others to associate with them, even in the regions 
of the damned. He tlien appealed to the judges to decide, without hesitating 
one moment, that wife-whipping should, of all crimes, sink a man lowest in 
the estimation of the community. 

During all this long debate, of three or four hours, poor Richard sat with 
his head down, and only now and then made an ineffectual effort to look up. 
Afterward, he said to one of his associate judges that it was the hardest ques- 
tion he was ever called upon to decide! Dick was quite anxious to try the 
same game on some of his neighbors, with a view to their reformation. He 
would say to his chums, " Let us have a debate over such a fellow, and see if 
we can't break him of some of his mean tricks." Dick lived and died near 
Kichwood, and, so far as I know, was not known to whip Hannah after the 
debate. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

SIMEON A.DAMS, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Pennsylvania February 24, 1821. 
He is a son of Hazard and Elizabeth (Wort) Adams, the former a native of Connecticut, of Eng- 
lish descent, and the latter a native of Pennsylvania, of Dutch descent. Our subject was raised 
;ind educated as a farmer, and has followed farming through life. He came to Union County in 
l'i41, and located on a farm of 150 acres, which he improved and which he still occupies. He 
was married, in 1850, to Elizabeth Schechter, who was born in Maryland March 28, 1828; she 
is a daughter of Samuel and Margaret (Bond) Schechter. By this union five children were 
tiorn, viz.: Margaret, deceased; Jennie E., wife of C. McCallister ; Emma, deceased ; Frank L. 
"ind Henry H. Mrs. Adams is a member of the Methodist Protestant Church. Mr. Adams is a 
Republican in politics, and has served as Trustee of his township two terms. 

L. G. BAKER, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Knox County, Ohio, August 1, 1836; 
he is a son of William and Lucy (Rowley) Baker, natives of Massachusetts. His father was a 
farmer by occupation, and came to Ohio in his early life, settling in Knox County, where our 
subject was raised, and remained until 1847, when he came to Union County. He received a 
common school education and adopted the occupation of farming, which he has since followed 
with success, now owning a good farm in this township. He was married in 1861, to Mary E. 
Monson, daughter of Theodore W. and Hester (rowgdl) Monson, who came to this county in 
1826. She is one of five children, all of whom were teachers. Mr. and Mrs. Baker have four 
children, viz.: Hester A., Wealthy V., Lucina R. and Lyman E. The parents are members of 
the Methodist Protestant Church, in which Mr. Baker has been a class leader and trustee. He 
is a Republican in politics. 

PORTER E. BARNES, of Richwood, Ohio, is the senior member of the firm of Barnes & 
Rosette, agents for Louis Cook's celebrated carriages, spring wagons, buggies and hand-made 
harness, J. B. Dennison & Co.'s, Lexington, Ky., buggies, United States Carriage Co.'s buggies, 
of Columbus, Ohio, the McCormick Harvester and Binder, and the Baker Drill, in Union, Marion 
and Delaware Counties. This enterprising firm is doing an extensive and successful business in 
Union and surrounding counties, their object being to handle the best articles in the market, 
find to make rapid and numerous sales, with small profits. They do business in a prompt and 
honorable manner, give universal satisfaction, and fully merit the liberal patronage they now 
enjoy. Mr. Barnes was born in the Empire State May 14, 1851, and is a son of Porter and 
Eliza (Tucker) Barnes, natives of Massachusetts, of English descent. His father emigrated from 
New York in 1855, and settled at Warren, Trumbull Co., Ohio, where he died in 1864. He was 
a wealthy and influential farmer, and an extensive breeder of and dealer in fine stock. The sub- 
ject of this sketch attended Hiram College, where the late James A. Garfield was President, and 
in 1868 graduated at Baldwin University, Syracuse, N. Y. In 1870, he engaged as shipping 
clerk for Camp, Randall & Co., in the grain and flax business, at Warren, Ohio, and afterward 
conducted their branch establishment at Richwood, Ohio, spending altogether eight years in their 
€mploy, and in that time superintending the building of the flax mill at Richwood. He is a 
member of Marion Chapter, and of the Knights Templar, A., F. & A. M., a charter member of 
Richwood Lodge, Knights of Pythias, and a Republican in politics. He served three years as 
Township Clerk, and was a member of the Building Committee of the Board of Education when 
the public school building was ei-ected. He was married in 1870, to Ophelia Herr. of West 
Salem, Wayne Co , Ohio. She was a daughter of Henry and Sarah (Elgin) Herr, natives of Vir- 
ginia, where her father owned a plantation and 400 slaves at the breaking-out of the war. Mr. 
and Mrs. Barnes have four children, viz.: Alice D., Porter E., Earl R. and George H. Mr. 
Barnes owns a handsome residence near the depot at Richwood, in which he and his family 
reside. 

JOB G. BEARDSLEY, retired farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Rensselaer County, N. Y., 
September 16, 1810. He is a son of William and Eunice (Gardner) Beardsley, natives of Con- 



608 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

necticut. His father was a shoe-makei* by trade, but spent most of his life farming. He came to 
Ohio in 1814, and settled in Licking County, removing from there to Knox County, lie died ai 
the age of eighty-two years; his wife lived to reach ninety years of age. Our subject remiiined 
with his parents in Kuox County until eighteen years of age, when he began learning the black- 
smith's tiade, at which he worked ten years in Licking County. In 1843, he began farming, and 
has has since followed that honorable avocation, until recently, when he retired from active life. 
In 185"J, he came to Claibourne Tdwnship, and now owns a farm of 106 acres in this township 
He was married in Knox County, in 1834, to Patience Webster, a native of New York, by wh )m 
he had ten children, of whom six reached their majority and two now survive, viz: Mary, 
wife of Isaac Cowgill, and James W. Mrs. Beardsley died August 125, 1870, :ind in 1871 Mr. 
Beardsley married Nancy (Bell) Sifritt, widow of Andrew Sifritt, who at the time of their mar 
riage had two children, Lorenzo and Margaret. Mrs. and Mrs. Beardsley are members of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a prominent Republican in politics. He had one pon, Will- 
iam Webster, who enlisted in 1862, in the Second Ohio Infantry, and had his right leg shot off 
at the second battle of Bull Run, which resulted in his death two years later. 

WILLIAM BEATHARD, farmer, P. O. Richwood, was born in Jerome Township, Union 
County, March 18, 1820; he is a son of William and Mary (Chappel) Beathard, the former a na- 
tive of Maryland, of Irish descent, and the latter a native of Virginia, of Scotch descent. Our 
subject was raised on his father's farm, but in early life he learned the cooper's trade, which, 
with several other occupations, he has since followed, having been a farmer for the last twenty 
years. He owns a farm of eighty acres of land, on which he resides. In 1840, he married Dor- 
otha Wasson, daughter of Thomas and Keziah (Noble) Wasson, and a native of New York. By 
this union six children were born, four surviving, viz., Thomas M., Charles W., Roxy M., wife 
of Sanford Wiley, and Cassia J., wife of Norman £. (Jahill Mr. and Mrs. Beathard are mem- 
bers of the United Brethren Church, in which he has been a Class Leader, Steward and Trustee; 
he is a Republiran in politics. 

JACOB BEEjNI, one of a family of eleven children, was born in Alleghany County, Md.. 
March 4, 1799, and was the son of Michael Beem, who was born in Germany March 5. 17o5 . 
his father came to America when Mike was six years old. He had one brother, Richard, who 
was shortly after killed by a mule kicking him, leaving but one of the name in America, and i ; 
date we have never met any one of the name except the descendents of Michael. At about th.' 
time of the breaking-out of the Revolution, he married Elizabeth Green, niece of Gen. Green, 
(who was active in the Revolutionary struggle in gaining our independence). He enlisted earlv 
in the Revolutionary war, was on Gen. Washington's staff and was in service until the close i t~ 
the war, afier which he engaged in mercantile business, in Westernport, Md., for a time, the 
returned to farming. In 1812, he removed to Licking County, Ohio, where he engaged in farti- 
ing. On the 15th of November, 1827, Jacob, the younger son, was married to Phoebe Rose, ti <- 
daughter of Rev. Philip Rose, and remained in that county until 1832, in which year he cam' 
to Union County, with the intention of buying 600 acres of land where Richwood now stands,, 
but was a few days too late, the land having been purchased by Philip Plummer. He, however, 
bought 400 acies of the Clarks, part of which he retained and lived on at the time of his deai!i 
in 1878. He was a man of strong physical, mental and moral powers, thought and acted for 
himself, would mold to the ideas of others only when they were consistent with reason and, 
upon the whole, just such a character as would brave the hardships of a new country an I 
pioneer life, and awakea energy, enterprise and moral force in the circle in which he moved. 
He bought, sold and traded ia lands and stock, farmed quite extensively and also took con- 
tracts to clear land. Perhaps he and his boys cleared more land than any other family in the 
township. He was a Universalist in religious belief, believing that the Holy Scriptures of the 
Old and New Testaments contain a revelation of the character of God and of the duty, interest 
and final destination of mankind, and that there is one God whose nature is love, revealed in 
our Lord Jesus Christ by one Holy Spirit of grace, who will finally restore the whole family of 
mankind to holiness and happiness ; also that holiness and happiness are inseparably connected, 
and in order to he happy one must practice only such principles as produce the best results, de- 
nying self of all ungodliness and worldly lust. He was the father of nine sons and one 
daughter, being the only one in the township who could boast of a "seventh son." He died at 
the ripe age of seventy-nine years, leaving a wife and eight children to mourn his loss, two of 
the sons having given their lives in the service of their country in the war of the rebellion. 

ORRIN BEEM, pike contractor, Richwood, was born in Licking County, Ohio, July 24, 
1830; he is the son of Jacob and Phoebe (Rose) Beem, the former a native of Maryland and the 
latter of Licking County, Ohio, of English and German descent. His father came to Union 
County in 1830 and settled in Claibourne Township. Our subject was raised on a farm and fol- 
lowed farming until thirty-four years of age. In 1855, he went to Illinois, where he was en- 
gaged in farming until 1864, when he enlisted in the One Hundred and Thirty-eighth Illinois 
Infantry, Company K, under Col. Goodwin, and served as First Lieutenant of his company until 
the close of the war. He carried his Christian character with him in the army, did his duty 
like a good soldier and was highly respected by both officers and men. On his return tc civil 
life he returned to this county and purchised the hotel still known as the Beem House, iu Rich- 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 611 

wood, which he conducted for some years. He operated a saw mill in 1872 and has since been 
variously engaged, now being a partner of P. G. Wynegar in contracting for and building turn- 
pike roids. He owns forty or fifty town lots and a handsome residence now occupied by his 
family. He laid off Beem's Addition to the town of Richwood and takes a deep interest in any 
thing tending to the growth or improvement of his town. On June 11, 1855, he married Ellen 
B. Woodwsyd, a daughter of Moses Woodward, a native of Vermont, of Ecglish and German de- 
scent. Seven children are the issue of this marriage, viz., Isaac N.; Mary, wife of Dr. M. J. 
Jenkins; Aurora, deceased; Minnie, a graduate of the Piichwood High School in the class of '80; 
Rose, a junior in the Pdchwood High School; .lacob and Frederick. Mr. and Mrs. Beem are 
members of the Protestant Church of Richwood. 

LEWIS CLEMONS BEEM, of the firm of Beem & Biddle, manufacturers, Richwood, Ohio, 
was born in Claibourne Township, Union County, November 15, 1847 ; his father, Jacob Beem, 
was born in Md., in 1799, and came to Union County at an early day, settling in Claibourne 
Township. He was a life-long farmer, and at the time of his death in 1878, owned 237 acres of 
good land. His wife Phebe Rose, was a native of Franklin County, Ohio, of English descent. 
Our subject was raised on the fixrm, attending the district schools and a select school, and in 
early life taught school for a time. In 1871, he engaged in the saw mill business with hia broth- 
er, and in 1873 he came to Richwood. In 1875, he embarked in his present business with 
Mr. Biddle. They began business with little capitnl, but now have one of the most successful 
enterprises in Richwood. In 1881, Mr. Beem married Margaret Graham, daughter of Patterson 
Graham ; she is a native of Union County, and a member of the Protestant Church. They have- 
had one child, Ada, deceased. 

B. F. BEEM, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Claibourne Township October 31, 1850, 
and is a son of .Tacob and Phebe (Rose) Beem. He was raised on a farm, receiving a common 
school education, and when eighteen years of age engaged in saw milling with his brother, 
Lewis Beem, following that business in Claibourne and .Jackson Townships until he reached his 
majority. He then began farming and has since followed that occupation, with more than av- 
erage success, now being the owner of 200 acres of land, on which he has erected a $2,000 resi- 
dence. He is purely a self-made man. On December 28, 187G, he married Miss Laura J. 
Walker, a daughter of Thomas and Hannah (Allen) Walker, and a native of Marion County, Ohio, 
where she was born September 13, 1855. They have one child, Fannie Belle. Mr. Beem is a 
Republican in politics. 

JOHN W. BELL, proprietor of sawmill and manufacturer, P. 0, Claibourne, was born in 
Holmes County, Ohio, January 5, 1845, and is a son of William and Margaret (Shipley) Bell, 
the former a native of Pennsylvania, of German descent, and the latter a native of Wayne 
County, (Jhio, of Scotch descent. Our subject was raised on a farm, where he remained until 
twenty-one years of age, when he engaged in operating a saw mill for others. Two years later 
he purchased a half interest in the mill. After several changes he came to Claibourne Village 
and engaged in saw milling with Mr. Shearer, a pioneer miller of this county, with whom he still 
continues. They manufacture spokes and felloes for wagons and are doing a good business in the 
sawmill. Our subject was married October 10, 1878, to Mary Brown, daughter of P. G. and 
Sarah Brown, the former a native of New York, and the latter of Ohio. Mr. Bell is a member 
of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and Mrs. Bell of the Baptist. He is a Democrat in politics, 
but always votes for the man and not the party. 

HENRY BIDDLE (deceased). Prominent among the early farmers of Union was the 
gentleman whose name heads this sketch. He was born in England August 27, 1829, and in 
1832 emigrated to America, with his parents, Joseph and Maria (Williams) Biddle, who settled 
on a farm of 110 acres, south of Richwood, a part of which is now in the corporation of the 
village. His father was a heavy set man, weighing over two hundred pounds, active and ener- 
getic, and before his emigration, had gained considerable fame as a professional wrestler, which 
was a characterstic very much admired at that time in England. He was a millwright by trade, 
and built several mills in America, among them the mill at Richwood. He died in 1866. Henry 
received a very limited education and followed the occupation of farming, at the time of his deatit 
being the owner of 180 acres of land. He was married in 1850 to Eunice Latson, who was born 
in New York in 1832, of German and English parentage. Their marriage was blessed with eight 
children, viz. : George, who was born in Claibourne Township, August 10, 1852, and on October 
15, 1879, married Ann Lake, a sister of John Lake, by whom he had two children, Harry and 
Carrie Bell. He has been a life-long farmer. The second child, Seneca, is deceased. The third, 
Thomas H., was born in this township December 12, 1856, and is likewise a farmer, now own- 
ing eighty-three acres of land. In 1876, he married Lydia A. Hamilion, a daughter of Benja- 
min and Abagail (Graham) Hamilton, and a member of the Deciples Church. They have three 
children^Maggie, M.,Tearl C, and Florence Abagail. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias 
Lodge of Richwood. The fourth child, Annie M., is now the wife of M. B. Hill. The fifth, Em- 
ma is deceased. The sixth, Sarah E., now a resident of Columbus. The seventh died in in- 
fancy. The youngest child, Jennie May, born in 1871, is now attending school. Mr. Biddle 
was a charter member of the I. 0. 0. F. Lodge at Richwood, and a faithful member of the fra- 
ternity until death. He died December 15, 1877. His widow resides on the old homestead at 
Richwood. 



-612 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

CHARLES BIDDLE, of the firm of Beem & Biddle, manufacturers, Richwood, Ohio, was 
born in Columbus, Ohio, March 8, 184H, and is a son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Perry) Biddle. 
His father built a planing mill in Columbus, in 1849, which is said by him to have been the first 
built in the State. Our subject worked in the planing mill until nineteen years of age, when he 
worked on the railroad as a fireman for a short time ; after which he took charge of the railroad 
round house and held it till the strike of 1873. He did not join the strike, as he does not be- 
lieve in them, but resigned his position because he thought it policy to do so. In 1874, he went 
to work in the planing mill at Columbus, and in 1875 came to Richwood and embarked in his 
present enterprise with Mr. Beem. They employ about thirty hands, do an extensive business 
and ship goods of their production all over the world. ]Mr. Biddle has ingeniously contrived 
several inventions that have materially increased their capacity for production. They manufact- 
ure wheelbarrows that have an extensive sale throughout the United States, single orders being 
sent in for as many as 100,000 at one time. Mr. Biddle, was married, in 1874, to Anna Fisher, 
a native of Union County, and a daughter of William Fisher, and by her has had two children 
— Laura and William. Mr. Biddle is a Republican, and he and his wife are members of the 
Methodist Protestant Church. 

CHARLES O. BISHOP, of the firm of Loveless, Howe & Bishop, proprietors of the Rich- 
wood Woolen Mills, and dealers in wool, grain, hides, furs and staves, Richwood, Ohio, was 
born in Logan County, Ohio, October 10, 184o ; he is a son of Thomas and Sabina (Schenck) 
Bishop, natives of New Jersey. His father died when Charles was twelve years old and his 
mother lived a widow until her death in 1875, at the age of seventy-six years. Our subject was 
.the fifth of a family of eight children. He was raised on the farm, receiving a common school 
education, and worked at farming until 1871, when he came to Richwood and embarked in the 
stave trade. In 1880, he combined his business with his present partners, and established the 
firm as it now exists. In 1870, he married Adelaide Fawn, a native of Union County, and a 
daughter of Edward Fawn, who was a farmer of this county for forty-six years of his life. To 
Mr. and Mrs. Bishop one child has been born, viz., Newton Otto. Mrs. Bishop is a member of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

JOHN BLAIR, farmer and dealer in agricultural implements, Richwood, was born in 
Bedford County, Penn., May 25, 1831. His parents were Edmond and Esther (Casteel) Blair, 
natives of Pennsylvania, of English descent, who came to Ohio in 1832, and passed their entire 
lives on the farm. Our subject was reared on the farm and received a common school educa- 
tion. He has followed farming during the greater part of his life, and at present is also engaged 
in the sale of farming implements, at Richwood. He received a liberal start in lile, from his 
father, who was well-to do, and now owns 300 acres of prime land in this county. He was mar- 
ried in 1852 to Camellia Hodson, a native of Ohio, by whom he has had three children, viz.: 
Edmond, deceased, S. Milton and jjohn Frank. Mr. and Mrs Blair are members of the Method- 
ist Protestant Church at Bethlehem, in which he is a Trustee. He is a Democrat in politics 
and has held most of the offices of the township. He came to this county in 1872 and settled 
two miles south of Richwood, where he now resides. He makes a specialty of Norman horses, 
•on which he has taken the premium twice at the State Fair, and has also a tine stock of cattle. 

S. M. BLAKE, Richwood. Prominent among the enterprising business men of Union 
County figures the subject of this sketch, who is a member of the firm of S. M. & A. J. Blake, 
bankers, lumber dealers and proprietors of Richwood Planing Mills, and also senior member of 
the firm of S. M. Blake & Co., druggists. He was born in Portage County, Ohio, April 3, 
1831, and is a son of James and Betsey (Avery) Blake. His father was a farmer, and emigrat- 
ing to Ohio in 1826, located in Portage County. Our subject was raised on a farm, receiving a 
common school education and followed farming until 1874, when he moved to Richwood and 
engaged in the lumber trade and banking, both of which he has since followed with more than 
ordinary success. He subsequently embarked in the drug business and in 1881, associated 
himself in this business with C. E. Hill, under the firm name given above. He is a thorough 
business man, and takes an active interest in everything that pertains to the best interest of Rich- 
wood. He is a Republican in politics, and though he has no aspirations for official honors, he 
nas been called upon to till several of the town and township offices. He was married in 1857 
to Harriet Parsons, by whom he has had seven children, four now living, viz.: Bessie, wife of 
J. E. Robinson, who has charge of the lumber yard of the firm of S. M. & A. J. Blake ; Gracie, 
Harry and Sylvia. 

ADONIRAM JUDSON BLAKE, of Richwood, was born in Brimfield, Portage Co., Ohio, on 
November 15, 1835. His parents were from Litchfield County, Conn., having emigrated from 
there in the year 1825; he was the youngest of four brothers. There were also two sisters in the 
family, one younger and one older. During the first sixteen years of his life, his labors were 
such as are incident to a farmer boy's life, with only such school advantages as were oifered by the 
district school. For the next two years, he attended a high school a part of each year in an adjoin- 
ing village. It was while attending one of these schools, known as an "academy," that his 
father "hired him out," to teach the winter term of school in one of the subdistricts of his native 
township. He entered upon this work a few days before he was eighteen years of age. His 
success in this, his first "term," can be measured by a proposition made to him by the School 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 613 

Directors of the district to continue the term for another month. In the following autumn, 
through the influence of himself and several associates, a select school was organized in their 
own township, and was continued during the fall and sometimes through the winter months for 
several years. For the next few years his time was divided between teaching in the winter and 
attending school and institutes in the summer, most of this time in his native township. In 1857, 
he was asked to take charge of the grammer school department of the Salem, Columbiana County, 
Union Schools. In this position he remained three years, when he accepted the position of 
teacher of the high school at Upper Sandusky Wyandot Co., Ohio, which he resigned in 
the spring of 18G1. Desiring to take a rest, he visited several schools in this part of Ohio, 
and while visiting at Cardington, Morrow County, he was unamimously tendered the 
superintendency of the union schools of that place, which he accepted, and held for a year 
and a half, finally resigning on account of ill health. After a few months' rest, he em- 
barked in the stove and tin ware trade at that place. He was married in Cardington, Ohio, 
August 20, 1863, to Miss Clotilda W. Shur, second daughter of John Shur, of that place, 
who was then an Assessor of Internal Revenue under Abraham Lincoln. Desirous of bearing his 
part in the war, he contributed liberally of his means to furnish men and means, and was only 
prevented from joining the ranks by Dr. Fisher's examination, which pronounced him "phys- 
ically unfit for the service." In August, 1865, became to this place, and engaged in the general hard- 
ware and stove business. His friends in Cardington believed the venture was an experiment, 
and that he would soon return to their village. Encouraged by his success, in the spring of 
1866, he removed his stock of stoves and hardware from that place to this, thus combining both 
stocks, and formed the partnership of A. J. Blake & Co., with D. W. Godman as partner. In 
the spring of the same year, he erected a two-story frame building, twenty feet wide by one hun- 
dred feet long, on the ground now occupied by Godman & Thornhill's hardware store. In May 
of that year, he was asked by several of the citizens of the place to accept the appointment as 
Postmaster, which recommendation was laid before Postmaster General W. Dennison by the 
Hon. C. S. Hamilton, and, accordingly, on the 26th day of May, 1866, he was commissioned as 
Postmaster, which office he held until compelled to resign the same by a pressure of business re- 
lations. He has always taken an active part in the educational interests of the place in which 
he resides. After resigning his position as superentendent in Cardington, he was chosen a mem- 
ber of the School Board. Soon after coming to Richwood, he drafted a petition for what is now 
the Richwood Village District, to withdraw from the township subdistrict plan, which was 
adopted, and out of which has grown our system of union schools. Most of the time since, he 
has been a member of the School Board, having been selected as its Chairman, Secretary and 
Treasurer at diiferent times. He has also assisted in preparing the course of study for the high 
school, and in conducting its examinations. His love for the profession of teaching has not died 
out yet, as nothing gives him greater pleasure than to meet a body of teachers, either in a school 
room or at his own residence. He thinks it no discredit that, out of his father's family of six 
children, five of them were school teachers. While in the hardware trade in'this place, he saw 
the necessity of a planing mill and lumber yard, and the firm of A. J. Blake & Co. associated 
with them Mr. S. Carter, under the name of S. Carter & Co., and built the building, and stocked 
the yard, which is now owned by S. M. & A. J. Blake. In January, 1873, he disposed of his 
interest in the hardware business to Mr. F. H. Thornhill, and proceeded to the erection of the 
dwelling house, which he now occupies. In Januarry, 1874, he, with his brother, S. M. Blake, 
and others engaged in the banking business, under the name of '' Union County Bank," in which 
as ( ashier he has continued to the present time. In politics, he has always been a stanch Re- 
publican, having cast his first Presidential vote for A. Lincoln. He has a personal acquantance 
with President Garfield, and took an enthusiastic interest in his election. He had been honored 
by his fellow-townsman by township and corporation local offices, the positions having been ten- 
dered him without solicitation. He isa strong believer in that feature of civil service reform that 
"the oiEce should seek the man, and not the man seek the office." He and his wife are both mem- 
bers of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he was a lay delegate to the last lay delegate con- 
ference. His family consists of three sons and one daughter. The two older sons, aged respect- 
ively sixteen and eighteen, are editors and publishers of the Richwood Reporter, a local newspaper 
started in January, 1882. Although taking an active interest in public measures and busy with 
private affairs, he is happiest in the presence of his own family, or with a friend or two at his 
comfortable residence, where his hospitatity is without measure. 

JOSEPH P. BROOKS, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Licking County, Ohio, May 29, 
1831; his parents were J. P. and Sarah Brooks. His father, who was a sea-faring man, and 
for fourteen years Captain of a vessel ; left the sea, and, coming to Ohio, engaged in the poi'k 
traffic. He afterward moved to Licking County, and engaged in farming. Our subject received 
his education in the graded schools of Columbus, which he attended until his family moved 
away. He chose the occupation of farming and has made that the principal object of his life. 
In 1861, he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Seventy-sixth Ohio Infantry, and partici- 
pated in the battle of Fort Donelson, siege of Vicksburg and other important engagements. He 
was three times wounded, but not seriously. He was in command of Mortar Boat No. 2, thit 
shelled Island No. 10, on the Mississippi. He was married in 1853 to Christina Duhl, who was 



614 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

born in Pennsylvania January 3, 1831. They have three children — Henry .J., C. and Ella F. 
Mr. Brooks is a Republican and the ov?ner of sixty acres of land. 

OLIVER D. BROWNING, of the firm of Williams & Browning, grain dealers, Richwood, 
was born in Delaware County, Ohio, .January 20, 1844, and is a son of William and Sally Ann 
(Grove) Browning, the former a native of Ohio, of English and German descent, and the latter 
a native of Pennsylvania, of English descent. His father was a life-long farmer and resident of 
Ohio; he came to Union County in 1875, and died in Richwood in 1877. Our subject was raised 
on a farm and received a common school education. In 1872, he sold his farm and came to 
Richwood, where he has since resided. He was married, in 1872, to Almeda Charles, a native of 
Licking County, Ohio, and a daughter of Simon and Amanda (Seymour) Charles. They have 
one child, Ida E. Mr. Browning has acted in his present capacity, as agent for Camp, Randall 
& Lyons, grain dealers, of Warren, Ohio, for the past seven years. He is a Republican in 
politics. 

ISAAC CAHILL, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Union County, Ohio, March 31, 
1850, and is a son of .J. E. and Hannah (Brisbea) Cahill. His father was a native of Pennsyl- 
vania, where he followed farming until ISB'J, when he came to this county and engaged exten- 
sively in farming and stock dealing. Our subject was raised on the farm, but received all the 
advantages of a collegiate education in the colleges at INIarysville and Delaware. He has chosen 
farming for an occupation and in it has been very successful, now owning 217 acres of land. He 
and his brother, Benton, have farmed in partnership and are now partners in everything but 
their real estate. Mr. Cahill was married, in 1876, to Tillie Figley, by whom he has one child, 
John E. Mrs. Cahill is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. ('ahill is a stockholder in 
the Richwood Bank, a Democrat in politics and a member of Richwood Lodge, No. 303, F. & A. 
M. He occupies a neat and comfortable residence, built at a cost of $4,500, and is very much 
attached to his home and family. 

BENTON CAHILL, farmer, P.O. Richwood, was born in Claibourne Township, Union County. 
Ohio, March 16, 1854 ; he is ason of J. E. and Hannah (Brisben) Cahill. His father was a carpen- 
ter by trade, and followed that occupation in early life. He came to Claibourne Township Septem- 
ber 16, 1839, and, improving a farm, engaged in farming, which he followed with more than ordi- 
nary success until his death, which occurred February 3, 1874. He also dealt largely in stock, 
buying, selling and trading, and at his death owned 841 acres of land, which he had accumu- 
lated during a life of industry and thrift. He was twice married, having by his first wife, who 
only lived two years after marriage, one child, that died young. By his second wife he had 
eight children, six of them now living and all, with one exception, residents of this county. 
Our subject, the youngest child, was raised on the farm and has followed the occupation of a 
farmer during the whole of his life, now owning 185 acres of land in this township. He was 
married, in 1874, to Lavina Howland, a native of Kentucky, and a daughter of J. Howland. By 
this union three children were born, viz., Sylvia Belle, Laura J. and Emery Uriah. Mr. Cahill 
is a Democrat in politics, as was his father, the latter at one time having been nominated for 
Representative by his party in this county. 

GEORGE W. CANAN, miller, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Knox County, Ohio, January 
17, 1830, and is a son of Robert and Jane S. (Rigur) Canan, natives of Pennsylvania, the 
former of Irish and the latter of English descent. They emigrated to Ohio in 1820, and settled 
in Licking County. Our subject early learned milling in his father's mill, and when he wa-i 
seventeen years of age he moved with his parents to Delaware County, where he and 
his father purchased a mill in partnersliip, which they operated until they purchased 
the Richwood Mill in 1864. His fatner died in 1865, and since that time he has 
been in business by himself. His son-in-law, D. H. Rowland, owns and operates the mill 
and warehouse adjoining him, and deals in grain, seed, etc. Mr. Canan w.as married, in 1852, 
to Sarah M. Cutclieon, a native of Ohio, of German descent, by whom he has four children liv- 
ing, viz.: Mary (wife of D. H. Rowland), Anna E., Florence A. and Sarah M. Mr. and Mrs. 
Canan are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he has been steward, trustee and 
class-leader of the church at Richwood. He has occupied the offices of Township Trustee, Cor- 
poration Treasurer, member of the Village Council and for twelve years a member of the Board 
of Education. He is the owner of the house and lot in Richwood, in which he resides. 

D. P. COOK, furniture dealer, Richwood, was born in Franklin County, Ohio, August 24, 
1829, and is a son of Rodney and Laura (Cales) Cook, natives of Connecticut, of English descent. 
He received a common school education, and has spent his life in the pursuit of several occupa- 
tions, never having learned any trade. He kept a livery stable in Columbus ten years, and, in 
1852, went to Omaha, Neb., and the Western States and Territories. Returning to Ohio, he en- 
gaged in farming for ten years, after which he went to Morrow County, where he followed buy- 
ing, selling and shipping horses, and for two years operated a flax mill. In 1880, he came to 
Richwood and embarked in the livery business, which he discontinued in 1882, to engage in his 
present enterprise — furniture selling. He has been three times married, his first wife having 
been Lucy Smith, by whom he had one .son, Emmet R., born in 1863, and owner of the store in 
which his father does business. Mr. Cook is a Republican, and a member of Odd Fellows 
Lodge, No. 194. 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 615 

DANIEL S. COPP, fanner and dairyman, P. 0. Puchwood, is a son of Hayes D. and Dolly 
(Emery) Copp, natives of New Hampshire, the former of Irish, and the latter of English de- 
scent. The father was a life-long farmer, and a prominent man among the agriculturists. Our 
subject was reared on a far 03 and received an ordinary public school education. In 1877, he 
came to Ohio and located at Fremont, where he remained until 1881, when he removed to Clai- 
bourne Township, one mile north of Richwood, where he still resides. He owns fifty-five acres 
of land, on which he pastures cows, selling the milk and doing a general dairy business in con- 
nection with his farm operations. He was married in 1874 to Lizzie A. Drew, a native of Ohio, 
of English descent, and a daughter of Alvin Drew. Mr. Copp is a Democrat in politics. 

ISAAC COWGILL, farmer, P. 0. Eichwood, was born in Claibourne Township, one mile 
from where be now lives, March 24, 1838; he is a son of George W. and Susan (Smart) Cowgill, 
natives of the Eastern States, of English descent. His father was a farmer, and to this occupa- 
tion our subject has devoted his life. He has been successful in his business, and owns a nice 
improved fiU'm of good land on the Marysville pike. He was married in 1859 to Eunice Mary 
Beardsley, a daughter of J. G. Beardsley, whose sketch appears in this work; she was formerly 
a school teacher, and is a member of the Methodist Protestant Church. By this union one child 
was born — Ida A., who married William S. Bonner, and has two children — C. C. and Fay. Mr. 
Cowgill is a Democrat in politics. 

JOHN CRAMER, liveryman, Richwood. Our subject was born in Guernsey County, Ohio; 
his parents were Benjamin and Anna (Speck) Cramer, natives of Maryland, of German descent. 
His father was a life-long farmer, and one of the early settlers of this State. Our subject was 
raised on a farm, and has devoted most of his life to the occupation of a farmer. In 1881, he 
sold his farm and embarked in the livery business at Richwood. Upon the death of his father, 
he was appointed administrator of the estate, and as such discharged his duties in a most satis- 
factory manner. He married Eliza Hudson, a daughter of John and Olinda (AVard) Hud- 
son, and by her has had sis children, namely, Leander, deceased in 1880, and !_Samantha, 
twins, Olinda A., Mary C, Sarah .1. and Edward R. Leander, at the time of his decease, was 
an influential and wealthy farmer of this county. 

THOMAS P. CRATTY, merchant, Richwood, was born in Marion County, Ohio, December, 12, 
1830, and is the son of Samuel and Jane (Pugh) Cratty, natives of Ohio, the former of Irish and the 
latter of Welsh descent. His paternal grandfather is still living at the age of ninety-eight years. 
Our subject was educated principally at the Delaware (Ohio) University, and pursued his studies 
with the view of becoming a lawyer. Fearing he would not be able to acquire the profession for 
lack of funds, he abandoned the idea and resorted to store-keeping and auctioneering to gain liveli- 
hood. He still retains his liking for the legal profession, and has argued a great many cases before 
Justices of the Peace with marked success. As an auctioneer, he has but few equals, and no 
superiors in this part of the country. He began his business life in 1859 in the grocery and dry 
goods trade in Marion County, where he remained until 1863, when he engaged in the same 
business at Richwood. On the organization of the Union County Bank, he was elected its Presi- 
dent, and has served in that capacity ever since. He is a Republican in politics, and for a time 
served as Mayor of the village of Richwood. Prior to engaging in mercantile pursuits, he had 
taught school from the time he was eighteen years of age. He is a thorough business man, and the 
owner of 125 acres of land, all of which he has made by his own exertions. He was married 
in 1861 to Ann Eliza Fish, a daughter of Samuel Fish, of Marion County, and by her has had 
four children, viz., S. Frank, Nina May, Mina J. and Princess Eva. Mr. and Mrs. Cratty are 
members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which he is a licentiate minister. 

CAPT. OTWAY CURRY, grocer, Richwood, son of Stephenson and Sarah D. (Robinson) Curry, 
was born in Jerome Township, Union Co., Ohio, August 6, 1835, and grew to manhood upon his 
father's farm. He acquired a common school education, and continued in the pursuit of farm 
duties until he was twenty-five years of age, since when, with the exception of the time spent 
in the army during the rebellion, he has been engaged in mercantile business. On the 15th 
of August, 1862, he enlisted as a private in Company A, One Hundred and. Twenty-first Ohio 
Volunteer Infantry, which regiment formed a part of the Army of the Cumberland. Mr. Curry 
took part in all the battles in which his regiment was engaged, the first being at Perry ville, Ky., 
before the command had been drilled. At Cliickama.uga, on the 20th of September, 1862, it 
won golden laurels for itself, and continued to add to them during its subsequent career— through 
the Atlanta campaign, the famous " march to the sea," the trip through the Carolinas, and 
finally participated in the grand review at Washington in May, 1865. April 12, 1864, Mr. 
Curry was promoted Second Lieutenant of his company, and on the 15th of July following, re- 
ceived a commission as First Lieutenant. April 20, 1865, he was promoted to the command of 
the color company (C) of his regiment. His discharge was dated June 18, 1865. His record 
in the service was excellent. The Curry family and its connections sent thirteen representatives 
to the war during the rebellion, which fact of itself is glory enough, even without the added 
fame of a good record while wearing the uniform of the government. Upon his return " home 
from the war," Capt. Curry embarked in a mercantile venture in company with his brother Capt. 
William L. Curry, now a resident of Marysville, and Auditor of Union County. Their store was 
at New California, in Jerome Township. In 1868, Otway Curry established a grocery at Rich- 



616 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

wood, where he has built up a successful business, and is at present located. Since he became a 
fixture at this point his good management has enabled him to accumulate a fair property, and his 
prospects for the future are flattering. .July 30, 1868, he was united in marriage with Geoi'gi- 
ana Robinson, a native of Union County, Ohio, who has borne him two children — Lena T. and 
Ernest S. Curry. Mrs. Curry is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Capt. Curry is a gentle- 
man to whom a pleasant home offers the greatest attractions, and he is happy in the possession 
of such an abiding place. He is a stanch citizen of the village in which he resides. His political 
affiliations is with the Democratic party. He is named for his uncle, Otway Curry, a former 
prominent and honored citizen of the county, and a gifted poet, whose stanzas won for him the 
fame of being one of the finest and most accomplished writers of verse in the great North- 
west. 

THOMAS J. DICKS, merchant, Richwood, was born at West Alexandria, Preble Co., Ohio. 
January 2, 1841, and is a son of .James and Margaret (Weaver) Dicks, the former a native of 
Pennsylvania and the latter of Ohio, both of English descent. He was educated in the graded 
schools of Dayton, Ohio, and since 1860, has been engaged almost exclusively in selling goods. 
During the war, he served in a regiment of three months' men ; he was a member of the State 
militia for aterm of five years. In 1881, he came to Richwood and opened one of the finest dry 
goods stores of the village, under the firm name of T. J. Dicks & Co. He carries a large and 
varied stock of goods, receives a liberal share of patronage and is doing a thriving business. 
He was married May 26, 1875, toNanna Deardorff, a native of Ohio, by whom he has had one 
child, Ella Mary, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Dicks are Lutherans and hold their membership in 
the church at Dayton. 

JOHN DILSAVER, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Fairfield County, Ohio, May 26, 1806, 
and isason of Michael and Hannah (Coon) Dilsaver, the former a native of Virginia ami the latter 
of Pennsylvania, both of English descent. His father came to Ohio in early manhood, and was 
one of the earliest settlers of the State ; he was a tanner by trade, and is said to have tanned 
the first leather that was ever tanned on the west side of the Scioto River. Our subject attended 
school in the primitive log schoolhouses of pioneer days, and chose the occupation of a farmer, 
also conducting a tannery for a time. He came to Union County nearly half a century ago and 
located south of where Richwood now stands, where he still resides. He opened a tannery 
on this farm, in early days, but has long since discontinued it. When he began life for 
himself he spent five years working out by the month at $8 per month. He now has 170 
acres of land on which he resides, and eighty acres in Paulding County. He is an old 
Jacksonian Democrat and cast his first vote for " Old Hickory," the head of that party. In 
1831, he married Sarah Jane Bridge, a native of Ohio, by whom he has had seven children, 
namely, Almira (deceased), Albert, Edward, Michael, Hannah, wife of Jacob Beem, William (de- 
ceased) and Lavina. Mr. and Mrs. Dilsaver are members of tlie Methodist Protestant Church. 

ADAM DILSAVER, farmer and brickm.ison, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Fairfield County, 
Ohio, January 3, 1817 ; his parents were George and Elizabeth (North) Dilsaver, natives of 
Virginia, and of English descent, who came to Ohio in 1810 and settled in Delaware County. EJis 
father was a soldier of the war of 1812, and a life-long farmer of Delaware County. Our 
subject spent his youth on the farm, and in early life learned bricklaying, which he has since 
followed in connection with farming. In 1841, he married Mary Ann Thrasher, by whom he 
had three children, John E., George T. and Mattie. His wife died in 1859, and in 
the same year he married Margaret Kyle, by whom has had one child — Frank. In 
1872, he sold his farm in Marion County and moved to Delaware County, then to 
Marion, and, finally, to Union County, where he now owns ninety-seven acres of land. 
He has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for thirty years, and has oc- 
cupied the offices of steward, class-leader and trustee in the church. His wife has been a 
member of the same church over forty years. He is a Republican in politics, and has retired 
from active life. 

DR. WILLIAM B. DUKE, physician and surgeon, Richwood, Ohio, was born in Licking 
County, Ohio, February 21, 1843; he is a son of David and Sarah (Conrad) Duke, natives of 
Virginia, of English descent. Our subject was reared on his father's farm, where he remained 
until eighteen years of age, when he went to Iowa and began clerking in a grocery. In 1863, 
he went to Arkansas, where he farmed for one year and also clerked in a store. At the age of 
twenty-four years he began reading medicine with Dr. C. H. Stimpson, of Licking County, and 
subsequently attended lectures in Cincinnati, receiving his diploma in 1871. He has since been 
entirely devoted to his practice, and in 1875 came to Richwood, where he is meeting with well- 
merited success. In 1869, he married Laverna V. Trevitt, a daughter of John Trevitt, and a 
native of Ohio. By this marriage one child has been born, viz., Herman Clyde. Mrs. Duke 
is a member of the Baptist Church. 

J. EDELMAN, farmer, P. O. Richwood, wan born in Niagara County, N. Y., January 
15, 1830; his parents were George and Elizabeth (Gaumer) Edelman, natives of Pennsylvania, 
of German descent. They came to Ohio in 1835, and settled in Wood County, where our sub- 
ject was raised and educated. He chose the occupation of a farmer, and followed it during 
the most of his life. In 1865, he married Anna Fowler, a native of Wood County, Ohio, by 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 617 

whom he had four children, viz., Florence A., Harry B., Willie J. and Katie. Mrs. Edelman 
was a consistent member of the Presbyterian Church, and died in 1872. In 1874, Mr. Edelman- 
married Sarah Gast, a native of Pennsylvania, of German descent. Mr. and Mrs. Edelman are 
members of the Presbyterian Church, and he is a Trustee of the church at Richwood. He is a^ 
member of Phoenix Lodge, No. 123, F. & A. M., a Democrat in politics, and since 1874, Super- 
intendent of gravel roads. He served as Trustee of Perrysburg Township, Wood Co., and 
has also been Trustee of Claibourne Township. He owns twenty-two acres of land adjoining 
Richwood. 

JOSEPH EMBREY, jeweler, Richwood, is a son of Lewis and Margaret (Bell) Embrey, the 
former a native of Virginia, of English descent, and the latter a native of Scotland ; he was born 
in Logan County, Ohio, July 1, 1855, and received his education in the graded schools of Mor- 
row, Warren Co., Ohio, in which his father was engaged in plying his trade of watch-maker. 
He learned the trade of a jeweler, serving a regular apprenticeship, and in 1878 came to Rich- 
wood and established himself in business on the corner of Main and Ottawa streets. He keeps 
a full line of watches, clocks and silverware, and does all kinds of repairing in a manner that 
speaks for itself. He is a Republican in politics, a Master Mason of Mt. Carmel Lodge, No. 
303, and a member of the Knights of Pythias. He has made his own start in life and is meet- 
ing with flattering successes in business. 

GEORGE W. FINLEY, deceased, was born in Virginia, and was educated in the graded 
schools of AVashington, D. C; of his early life and his ancestry but little is now known. He 
was a coach-maker by trade and m early life taught school. He was married in Delaware 
County, Ohio, in 1851, to Angeline Williams, a daughter of Rev. John Williams and Anna 
Smart, his wife, who came to Ohio at an early day and settled in Fairfield County, where Mrs. 
Finley was born in 1828. Her father was a minister of the Methodist denomination. Mr. and 
Mrs Finley had five children, viz.: Ellen D., now the wife of T. T. Jones ; Olive A., wife of 
Chauncey Hill ; Otho Ray, deceased ; Carrie Bell, deceased; and Mary V., wife of E. R. Finley. 
Mr. and Mrs. Finley were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church ; he was a Whig in poli- 
tics until the formation of the Republican party, when he became a Democrat. He was a suc- 
cessful business man, a good farmer and an extensive stock dealer, and at his death owned 2G5> 
acres of land. Mrs. Finley is a grand-daughter of Joshua Scritchfield, a Revolutionary soldier^ 
who lived until the year 1842. 

C. E. FISH, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Maryland February 24, 1824 ; he is a son 
of James H. and Catherine (Easterday) Fish, natives of Maryland, the former of English and 
the latter of German discent. His father, who was one of the early settlers of Ohio, was a miller 
by trade, but after settling in this State devoted his time to farming. Our subject was raised aS' 
a farmer and since eighteen years of age has followed that occupation successfully in this town- 
ship. At one time he owned 445 acres of land, but having given some to his children he now 
only owns 200 acres. He is a Democrat in politics. In 1848, he married Elizabeth Rench, who- 
was born in Mi„mi County, Ohio, March 9, 1826 ; she is a daughter of Daniel and Mary (Will- 
iams) Rench, natives of Ohio, of German descent. Htr father was a fainier who settled in 
Claibourne Township in 1844. By ibis union fourteen children were born, of whom seven now 
survive, viz.: J. L., a farmer of Jackson Township ; Margaret, wife of Cyrus Stamats; William, 
a farmer; Joanna, wife of Penrose Wiley; Orlando, a farmer; David F., a farmer and Susan; 
Ella, the two latter living at home unmarried. Mr,*i. Fish is a member of the Disciples Church, 
and the owner of 245 acres of land in her own right, on which she resides. Mr. Fish also owns 
a good farm which he now cultivates. 

BEN.JAMIN S. FISHER, retired farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Fayette County, Penn., 
October 4, 1808, and was a son of Enoch and Elizabeth (Stevens) Fisher, the former a native of 
Maryland and the latter of Pennsylvania. His father was a farmer and teamster by occupation 
and came to the Northwest Teniiory in 1800, settling at Mount Vernon. He was under Gen. 
Anthony Wayne three years in the Indian war, and lived to the remarkable old age of one hun- 
dred and one years. Our subject was raised on the farm in the wilderness of early Ohio and 
never had an opportunity of receiving any education. His father being in poor circumst!,nces, 
he started out in life with nothing and entirely dependent on his own exertion for his success in 
life. He has been a life-long farmer and has cleared three farms in Claibourne Township where 
he has resided since 1836, and where he accumulated a handsome fortune, the greater part of 
which he has already placed in the hands of his posterity. He began farming for himself at the 
age of twenty and retired at the age of sixty, having spent forty years to a day in tilling the 
soil. In 1829, he married Catharine Cramer, by whom he had eleven children, viz.: Larkins D., 
a farmer in this township ; Sarah J., deceased wife of J. J. Thompson ; Elizabeth Ellen, wife of 
R. Farrier ; Sisson S., wife of James Merriott; William ; Margaret, wife of Morris Hill, of Rich- 
wood ; Michael, deceased ; Mary, wife of John S. Phillips; George 0.; Malissa, wife of Frank 
Gill; and Viola, wife of W. W. Brokaw. Mr. Fisher has given his children $18,000 to start 
them in life. He and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he has filled 
the office of trustee in the Church at Richwood. He is a Democrat in politics. Mrs Fisher was 
born April 30, 1812 ; she had two brothers in the war of that year. 



618 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY 

WILiLIAM FISHf]R, farmer, P. 0. RichwooJ, was born in 1827, and is a son of Enoch and 
Elizabeth (Stevens) Fisher, the former a life-long farmer, and one of the early settlers of Ohio. 
Our subject was raised on a farm, and received a common school education. When of suitable 
age, he learned the carpenter's trnde, which he followed until fifty years of age. He came to 
this county in 1837, and settled in Ricliwood, v/here he married Margaret Graham, by whom he 
has had eight children, viz.: Sarah L., Harriet M., wife of Elijah Lester; Martha C., wife of H. 
C. Moffitt ; Margaret A., wite of Charles N. Biddle ; Thomas B., Samuel P., Benjamin and John. 
i\Ir:'. Fisher died January 2;], 1880 ; she was a member of the M. E Church, and a consistant 
Christian woman. Mr. Fisher is also a member of the Methodist Church. He is a Republican 
in politics, and now owns eighty-nine acres of choice land, on which he resides. 

W. M. FISHER, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born March 27, 1838, he is the son of Ben- 
jamin S. and Catherine (Cramer) Fisher, who came to this county in 1836, and now resides in 
Richwood. The grandfather of our subject came to Ohio in 180U, and settled in Knox County. 
He was a soldier under Gen. Anthony Wayne, and lived to be one hundred and one years of 
age. Our subject received a common school education, and has been a farmer most of his life, 
with the exception of two years spent in the clothing business at Richwood. He is the owner 
of a good farm in this township on which he resides. He was married, in 1866, to Mary Miller, 
by whom he has four children, viz., Frederick, Winfred, Gertrude and Albert E. Mrs. Fisher 
is a member of the M. £. Church in Richwood. Mr. Fisher is a Democrat, in politics. 

GEORGE 0. FISHER, farmer and stock-raiser, P. O. Richwood, was born in Claibourne 
Township Union Co., May 25, 1847, and is a son of Benjamin S. Fisher, whose sketch ap- 
pears in this work. He was educated in his native township, and brought up to farming, 
which he has followed through life. He was married in 1870, to Mary E. Kinney, daughter of 
Israel Kinney, whose sketch also appears in this volume. This union has been blesi-ed with 
two children, viz.: Charles F. and Herbert J. Mr. and Mrs. Fisher are members of the Meth- 
odist Church, and he is steward in the church at Richwood. In politics, he is an unflinching 
Prohibitionist. He owns a farm of fifty-two acres of land with good improvements, on which 
stands a neat and substantial residence. 

JOHN FLESHER, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, Febru- 
ary 20, 1820, and is a son of Henry and Frances (Burgess) Flesher, the former a native of Vir- 
ginia and the latter of Ohio. Our subject was raised on a farm, and received a common school 
education. He followed farming with his father until 1865, when he came to Union County and 
settled in Claibourne Township, on the farm he now occupies. He owns 164J acres of land, fifty 
of it in Jackson Township, all of which he has made by his personal labor. On August 15, 1844, 
he married Lainey Haines, a native of Ohio, ot Dutch descent, by whom he has had eight chil- 
dren, viz.: George W., deceased; Mary F., wife of S. H. Snowden; Landora S., deceased; 
Emma J., wife of James W. Shultz ; Susannah, deceased ; A. A., deceased ; Walter L. and Arthur 
S. Mr. and Mrs. Flesher are members of ihe Methodist Episcopal Church, in which he has been 
a class leader forty years. He has also been a trustee and superintendent of the Sabbath school. 

S. S. GARDINER, attorney at law and dealer in real estate, office next door to the post office, 
Richwood, Ohio. 

JAMES W. GASTON, of the firm of Farris & Son, proprietors of the Beem House, Richwood, 
Ohio, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, January 1, 1852, and is a son of John and Lucretia 
(Crawford) Gaston, natives of Ohio. His father was a teacher by profession, and followed that 
< cupation with more than ordinary success most of his life. He taught principally in Delaware 
(. <unty, where he died in 1876, an honored and highly respected citizen. He was a Republican 
i.; politics, and a member of the Presbyterian Church. Our subject, who was the only child of 
i is parents, received a common school education, and when quite young began working on .'i 
rm. By his frugality and the means obtained from his father's estate, he was enabled, in 1876, 
- purchase the Beem House, which he is now conducting. He is a genial and accommodating 
i.dlord, well known by the traveling public, and provides for his patrons' comfort in a manner 
that insures for him a liberal share of the trade. His mother, now the wife of Mr. Farris, super- 
intends the culinary department of his house. She has had four children by her second mar- 
riage, viz.: Florence, wife of L. U. Herr, Lizzie May, Maggie E. and Eddie R. Mr. and Mrs. 
Farris are members of the Methodist Protestant Cliurch, and he is a member of the choir. He is 
a Republican in politics. 

HENRY D. GILL, grain dealer, Richwood, was born in Richwood, Ohio, December 22, 1848, 
and is a son of Joshua Gill. His father came to Richwood in 1840, and became an extensive 
landholder, owning what was known as the " Cramer farm," all of which is now in the corpora- 
tion of Richwood. From 1842 to 1861, he was engaged in the manufiicture of wooden bowls, an 
enterprise in which he was very successful. In 1845, he married Eliza A. C. Haynes, who 
was born in 1825, and who now resides with her son, Charles F. Mr. Gill was an honored 
and respected citizen, and for a number of years held the office of Justice of the Peace. 
He died in the spring of 1880, at an adv.anced "age. His parents were Selmon and 
Margaret (Dorrett) Gill, both of English descent. Our subject's maternal grandfather, James 
B. W. Haynes, a Colonel in the war of 1812, was born in Virginia, March 9, 1793, and was of 
Welsh and French descent. He married Susan Floyd, who was born in Virginia May 10, 1801 ; 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 621 

she was a relative of the la*c Confederate Gen. Floyd. Col. Haynes was a lawyer by profes- 
sion ; he came to Richwood in 1840, and remained here until his death in 1869. During most of 
the time of his residence here, 'he was a Justice of the Peace. Our^suhject received his education 
in his native village, and worked at farming until 1873, when he began the business of buyiiio- 
grain on commission, which he continued until 1879, when he commenced the business for him- 
self. He was married, in 1877, to Anne Francis, a native of England, whose parents resided at 
Woodstock, Ontario. This union has been blessed with two children, Walter L. and Clarence D. 
Mrs. Gill is a member of tho Church of England. Mr. Gill is a Republican in politics, a member 
of the Knights of Pythias, and a member of Mount Carmel Lodge, No. 303, F. & A. M. In 1882, 
he captured a thief who had broken into a neighbor's house. The thief was a large and power- 
ful man, but Mr. Gill refused to release him until he was safely locked up, and marched him 
along to prison. We narrate this to illustrate a marked trait in the man's chai-acter — bravery. 

JOSHUA S. GILL, Jr., of the firm of Gill & Bro., Richwood, Ohio, was born in Richwood 
September 11, 1850, and is a son of Joshua S. Gill, Sr. He received his education in the graded 
schools of Richwood, and, being a natural mechanic, he chose the occupation of a machinist, and 
served a three years' apprenticeship at his trade at Mansfield. After mastering his trade, he 
traveled as a journeyman for some time, and spent three years in the manufacture of wooden 
bowls in Indiana. He has also been employed at gunsmithing. In 1875, he engaged with his 
brother in opening a machine shop at Richwood, where he is still engaged. He is a Republican 
in politics, and a member of Mount Carmel Lodge, No. 303, F. & A. M. On December 27, 1871, he 
married Maggie McMullen, a native of New Hampshire, by whom he has one child — Floyd 
A., born September 9, 1876. Mrs. Gill is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church at 
Richwood. 

THOMAS J. GILL, of the firm of Gill & Brother, blacksmiths, Richwood, was born in 
Richwood, Ohio, June 22, 1853, and received his education in the Richwood graded schools. He 
learned the trade of blacksmithing, and is now considered a thorough master of his trade in all 
its branches. He is an active member of the above firm, and lends his aid in making it one of 
the most successful and enterprising firms of the village. He is a Republican in politics, and a 
prominent member of the Prudential Order of America. On December 18, 1879, he married 
Christiana Cheney, a native of Union County, of English descent, and a daughter of Thomas 
(Jlieney. This union has been blessed with one child — Abbie Alva, born March 23, 1881. Mrs. 
Gill is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

JOHN GRAHAM. According to the family records kept by his parents, .John Graham 
son of Samuel and Sarah Graham, was born in White-eyes Township, Coshocton County, Ohio, 
October 13, A. D. 1822. He was the first of » family of twelve children. His parents were in- 
telligent, honest, industrious people, and taught their children to be useful, virtuous, self-reliant 
and industrious. John commenced work on the farm, under the direction of his father, at a 
very early age, and continued in this employment until he was about twenty years old. When 
he was in his fourteenth year, his father sold his farm in Coshocton County, and in September, 
1836, moved his family to Union County, Ohio, settling them on a new farm one mile northwest 
from the village of Richwood, in Claibourne Township. There the family home has continued 
till the present time — December. 1882. There was nothing peculiar in the boyhood of John to 
distinguish him from other bojs of his own age. He was healthy, of a vigorous growth, loved 
fun and enjoyed life well. He, with the other youths of the neighborhood, had the privilege of 
attending school in the district schoolhouse, for some two or three months a year. The balance 
of their time was needed in work to keep the farm prospering. In the autumn of 1838, an event 
occurred in the history of young Graham which changed the whole current of his life and af- 
fected the whole of his after career. His mother had a blind sister — Maria Butterfield — who 
was visiting in the home of his father, and wished to attend the Methodist prayer-meeting, 
which was to be held Sunday at 4 o'clock, in the home of Philip Plummer, in Richwood. He 
went with this aunt as company to that prayer-meeting, because she could not see to go alone. 
There were some seven church members present in the meeting — no minister was present. The 
people who were present were plain, honest, devout. They sang with the spirit and with the under- 
standing. They prayed with fervor and in faith. The result was, God's blessing came down upon 
them, and His Spirit pervaded the assembly. Some of them praised God aloud, and all felt thein- 
• fluence of the Divine presence. The immediate effect upon the subject of this sketch was that he 
was seized with an agitating trembling, which, for the time, he could not control. He went 
from that meeting thoughtful, serious, convicted for sin. He commenced soon after to pray, 
daily, for the pardoning mercy of God. He kept this up till, on the 11th of November, 1838, he 
attended a Methodist quarterly meeting in Summersville, and after the evening sermon of that 
day he, with others, knelt for prayers, at what was called the mourner's "bench." There, 
while he prayed and the church prayed for him, God, for Christ's sake, gave him a sense of 
relief from the guilt of sin. Such peace, holy joy and restful trust in God through Christ as he 
then experienced was a new delight to him. Five weeks after his conversion, o.i the 17th day 
of December, 1838, in the old log church in Richwood, he oflFered his name as a candidate for 
membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church, and 'vas received by the pastor, Rev. R. S. 
Kimber. He took this step after very careful consideration, and now, after foriy-fonr years 

33 



622 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

of experience, under the relations thus entered into, he fully approves the choice then made. 
This conversion, which was very clear Hnd left no doubt in his mind of the Divine reality of ex- 
perimental religion, awakened a new class of desires, hopes and aspirations in him. He soon 
found himself thirsting for knowledge as he had never done before. He had no books, and hi& 
father's library was very small, and the neighborhond had in it a very meager supply of books, 
but what there were the owners were willing to lend, and he was desirous to borrow and read. 
But one question with him was how to find time and opportunity for reading. His days were 
necessarily to be spent in labor on the farm, and the nights could not be used for this purpose 
without light's^. There were no such lamps and supply of coal oil then as are now available. 
Candles were scarce and made a poor light. In this emergency he adopted this expedient: When 
his day's work was done, he would go to the woods, find a hickory tree with a good supply of 
shell-barks on it, gather an armful, carry theitx to the house and when supper was over he 
would get his book, stick a shell-bark in the fire and read by the light thus furnished. In this 
way many of his first books were read. While he was thus seeking knowledge, his father, who 
was willing to help him what he could, gave him a wagon-load of wheat. This he hauled to 
Sandusky City, eighty miles distant, the nearest market then accessible, sold it for money, and 
with that money bought himself a small supply of books. These he read with great interest. 
About this time — 1839-40 — he began t" feel a strong sense of duty resting upon him to prepare 
himself for the work of the Christian ministry. He was full}' convinced that God called him to 
this work. He therefore devoted all his thoughts and energies to getting ready for so great a 
work. His school privileges were very unsatisfactory. He felt it to be necessary, therefore, 
to make the greater personal and private efforts to acquire the necessary knowledge. How well: 
he succeeded the church and the world have since had opportunity to judge. 

In the spring of 1840, the proper authorities gave him license to exhort in the Methodist 
Episcopal Church. This authority was regularly continued until June 24, 1843, when, alter 
proper examination by the constituted authorities of the church, he was formally license(^ ti 
preach the Gospel. This was done in Tdchwood, by the Quarterly Conference of Richwood < ir 
cuit, under the presiding eldership of Rev. W. S. Morrow. He psed this license one year ;>i a 
local preacher, and then, on .June 15, 1844, he was recommended by the same Quarterly C n- 
ference as a suitable person to be received by the Annual Conference into the itinerant minis ry 
of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In August of the same year, his recommendation was 'i • 
sented to the North Ohio Conference at its session in Canal Dover, and he was received acco'd- 
ing to the rules of the church, and appointed as junior preacher on Port Jeftersou Circuit, with 
Rev. C. B. Brandeberry as his senior, and Rev. S. P. Shaw as his Presiding Elder. He speno 
one year in this work, he trusts with some profit to the people, and much satisfaction to himself. 
At the next conference, which met in Marion, Ohio, August, 1845, he was appointed in charge 
of Van Wert Circuit. This work was composed of eight appointments, to be filled once in two 
weeks. This people had for their places in which to meet for worship four private houses in 
which families lived, one small court house in Van Wert, two log schoolhouses and one small frame 
building, which was erected in Delphos for a board kiln. At this time the country was new, the 
houses all log cabins but a very few, the roads not improved, the people just beginning to cUar 
up their farms, and, of course, the fare was coarse, but the welcome was hearty and cordial. 
And when the time for week day preaching came round, the people could leave their work — even 
the harvest field — to go to meeting, and their young minister n^ver spent a happier year in his 
life than the one on this (then) wilderness circuit. After his year closed at Van Wert, he was 
appointed in charge of Kalida Mission, in Putnam County, with Jacob S. Albright for his col- 
league in labors. This field was very much like the last one described, only there was one 
partly finished church in it, and the roads were worse, the rides longer, and the fare no better. 
The people, however, were kind, cordial, hospitable and loved the means of grace. There was 
considerable interest manifested in this work; a number of persons were converted and added 
to the church. He and his co-laborer worked harmoniously together, and ever afterwar 1 
were friends. From Kalida, our young minister went next to Stillwater Mission, which included 
Fort Recovery and the region round about. This was a hard field of labor ; the country thinly 
settled, roads bad, rides long, exposure great, health not good and pay very small. Still there 
was some enjoyment, and some success. Rev. R. D. Oldfield was his colleague in this work. 
During this year, 1848, he became acquainted with Miss Jane G. McKee, of Hillgrove, Darke 
Co., Ohio, who afterward, on August 25, A. D. 1850, became his wife. Their marriage con- 
tract was solemnized by Rev. Joseph Wykes, in the church in Hillgrove, in the presence of the 
congregation, on Sunday afternoon of the above date. This union proved to be a h&ppy one : 
and now, after thirty-two years of married life, they both approve the choice they made. From 
Stillwater Mission, Mr. Graham was appointed, in August, 1848, to Lima Circuit, with Rev. S. 
Fant. as his senior in office. This was a pleasant year in his life, and his labors, with those of 
his colleague, were very successful. .Almost two hundred were converted to God, and united 
with the church. But I find, if 1 undertake to give the most condensed sketch of this minis- 
terial life of thirty-nine y^ars, and more it will be extended to too great a length for the pres- 
ent purpose 1 will therefore close this account by giving a summary of work: He spent one 
year as a local preacher ; fifteen years on circuits ; twenty years on stations and half-stations ; 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 623 

and four years, from I860 to 1864, on Findlay District, as Presiding Elder In all of which 
places he enjoyed the blessings of God. And now, when gray hairs are upon him, and nioro 
than sixty years of his life are past, he feels not a single regret that he entered the work of the 
Christian vjinistrv when he did, and that he has continued in it till the present. 

I. H. GrvAHA:N[, farmer, P. O. Kichwood, was born in Union County, Ohio, April 26, 1842; 
he is son of J. P. and Eliza (Healey) (iraham, natives of Washington County, Penn., who were 
among the early settlers of Claibourne Township. Our subject was raised on his father's farm 
and receive*! a good English education. He learned the trade of a tanner, which he followed 
for seven years, during early life, but since that lime he has devoted his time exclusively to 
farming. He owns a good farm of 106 acres, on which stands a nice brick residence and other 
improvements, all of which he has accumulated by his own industry. He is a cultivated gentle- 
man of pleasing manners and a good farmer. In 1862, he married Emma Lowe, a native of Vir- 
ginia, of English descent, by whom he has three children, viz.: Isaac E., Eliza B. and Emery E. 
The parents are members of the Disciples Church, in which Mr. Graham is a Deacon. During 
the war, he was a volunteer to assist in repelling Morgan in his raid through Ohio. 

REV. WILLIAM HAMILTON, deceased. The subjectof thissketch was so interwoven with 
the history and develofiment of the northeast part of Union County, that a history of the county 
would not be complete without a somewhat extended notice of his career. It is ascertained, 
without question, that he descended from a family of Ilamiltons in Scotland, who for centuries 
have been prominent in giving shape to the politics, religion and literature of that far-famed part 
of Christian civilization. At what particular time his ancesters moved to America is not known. 
When they did, they settled in the State of Maryland, near the city of Baltimore, in Baltimore 
County. The name is still familiar in that State. Its present Governor is a Hamilton; whether 
he is of the same family has not been ascertained. 

William Hamilton, the father of the subject of this sketch, was born near Baltimore about 
the year 1760, and married Susanna Brown, who was connected with an old pioneer family of 
the State of Maryland. 

In the year 1789, the two last named moved from the State of Maryland to Virgini.a, and 
settled near Morgantown, Monongalia County (now West Virginia), and in moving passed 
through a part of Pennsylvania, and while on this journey, and passing through Pennsylvania, 
the suV)ject of this notice was born May 1, 1789. In the year 1806, in company with his parents, 
he moved to Ohio and settled in Hopewell Township, Muskingum County, and took an active 
part in clearing a farm in what was then a wilderness country. He remained with his parents 
until the year 1810, when he married Hannah Ewing, who lived near Zanesville, and moved to 
land in Licking County, where he cleared a farm that proves to be the spot where the village of 
Gratiot has been built. 

During the war of 1812, he was drafted, but having a wife whose health was feeble, he hired 
a substitute and raised the money to pay him by selling oats at 6'j cents per bushel. About the 
year 1815, he moved into jMuskingum Township, Muskingum County, on lands uncleared, but 
by h's own hands he soon surrounded himself with a well-improved farm. It was here his first 
wife died, October 2, 1819, leaving four children. She had been a faithful companion, a good 
Christian and died in peace, and is buried near the village of Irville in the same county. 

March. 9, 1820, he married Lydia Springer, who belonged to a family that moved from the 
State of Delaware to near Zanesville, in Muskingum County, in the year 1806. 

His residence on this farm continued until the year 1836, when it was sold and in the fall 
of that year he moved to a farm six miles east of Newark, in Licking County. While residing 
here, he yurchnsed of Cadwalader Wallace, of Chillicothe, an unbroken tract of land in the north- 
east part of Union County, situated near the village of Richwood, in Claibourne Township. The 
purchase was to be a thousand acres more or less, and when it was surveyed there proved to be 
fifteen hundred and ten. In thespring of 1838, he moved with his family to this land. It seemed 
like a formidable undertaking to subdue as heavy a forest as covered it, but a man that had so 
often and long contended with the forests of Ohio could not be discouraged. His family had in- 
creased until he had ten sons, strong and well, not all grown it is true; but he could furnish in 
his own family what was equal to five hands. AVith these and some hired assistance from the 
first, he cleared ground sufficient, as the seasons rolled round, to produce enough to support his 
large family, and have something to spare for the support of others. 

In a few years, he raised suflScient corn to supply destitute families for miles around. So 
numerous were the applications lor it, that his excellent wife used to say that it made her think 
of the time of Joseph disliursing corn in Egypt. A circumstance occurred about this time that 
caused some anxiety in the family. John W., now of Columbus, was sent to Millville on the Scioto 
with the last grist of wheat before harvest. Some 25 bushels were placed in a wagon drawn by 
a span of two large oxen. John had arrived at the mill in the evening and spent the night at 
the mill, fastening the oxen^to a tree. During the night, his grist was ground, so that on the com- 
ing morning he started homeward. He had fed the oxen, but had not watered them. All went 
well until he arrived a few hundred yards above the breast of the dam, when the oxen saw the 
water, and in spite of all eflforts of the driver to prevent it, plunged down a steep bank into the 
river, and the force in running down the bank pushed the oxen into deep water, where the 



624 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

wagon came uncoupled and they swam out with the fore wheels, leaving John and his grist in 
the river. It was an unpleasant position for a boy, and one that, without help, he could not ex- 
tricate himself. Charles Arthur, as noble a man as lives, was in hailing distance, who soon mus- 
tered a force of men that relieved .John from his trouble and started him homeward. He arrived 
in due time, and reported his misfortune. It was supposed that all was ruined, and a feeling of 
gloom rested upon the family, as much as was embraced in that grist could not be obtained 
nearer than Delaware County, and money was scarce, and so many to be fed. It was a great re 
lief when an examination showed that the flour was safe; not more than one pound to the sack 
was spoiled. 

The great desire of Mr. Hamilton was to have his family settled around him, and he now 
had enough land to give them all a portion, and have as much for himself as he cared to have, 
but such plans are like to be overthrown, and so they were in this case as the history will show. 

The country being new, there was no hotel near, hence his house was the home of friends 
and strangers who came into the country, for years. He entertained all who came, without com- 
pensation. He was a surveyor, and would take his compass and chain and spend day after day 
with men, helping them determine the boundaries of their lands, and many times without com- 
pensation. 

Few men have ever shown less selfishness than he did. He was a pioneer in the true sense 
of the word. The whole of the former part of his life had been that of a pioneer, and he brought 
the same spirit to Union County. 

About the year 1815, he had been authorized to preach the Gospel in the Methodist Episco- 
pal Church, and labored extensively as a local preacher in Muskingum and Licking Counties. 
In the year 1828, he became an uncompromising advocate of reform in the government of that 
church, and when expulsions occurred in Baltimore, Lynchburg, Cincinnati, and at other points 
simply for advocating lay delegation in the Annual and General Conferences of the church, his 
sympathies were with the reformers, and when the expelled petitioned in vain for re-admission 
into the church, only asking the right of free discussion, and were forced to organize a new 
church, he united with them, and came into the Methodist Protestant Church with its 
organization. This change made him a pioneer in the new organization and with firm 
resolution and determined spirit he entered upon the work of i^lautiug the new church 
in the counties of Muskingum, Licking, Knox and Coshocton. He preached almost 
every Sabbath, sometimes traveling long distances to meet his appointments. In the year 1830, 
for a part of one year he traveled a circuit reaching into Licking and Knox Counties, with Rev. 
W. B. Evans, and the savor of his Christian influence still remains with the few now living who 
still have a recollecti(m of him. When he moved to Union County, there was a wide opening for 
his services. He, besides preaching at times in Rich wood, where his family attended divine serv- 
ice, was often called to preach on the Scioto, Rush Creek, Fulton Creek, Boax Creek and some- 
times into Logan and Clark Counties. 

His commanding form, his distinct and warm utterances, and his genial, social spirit, made 
him welcome wherever he went as a preacher. His services were often in demand to preach at 
funerals and perform marriage ceremonies. He traveled at one time on horseback, from near 
Zanesville to Cincinnati, to attend one of the first conferences of his denomination. And a num- 
ber of times served as delegate to the Ohio Annual Conference. 

He traveled thousands of miles and preached thousands of sermons, and performed all his 
ministerial duties except marrying without a cent's compensation. And during all this time gave 
to the support of other ministers. In the erection of a plain howed-log church in Richwood, he 
took a prominent part. When stoves were needed, it was an impossibility to raise money with 
which to purchase them. He and his neighbor, Samuel Graham, each took a load of wheat to 
Granville, in Licking County, and exchanged the wheat for stoves. 

When it was determined to build a new church, he was foremost in his contributions for that 
purpose. The improvement and development of the country greatly improved his circumstances. 
For years, in order to raise money fo?' tax and other absolute necessities, he journeyed to Lake 
Erie to find a market; this would require a week's steady travel. In the course of time, with 
three hundred acres of improved land, he found at his door one of the best markets in Central Ohio 
for all his products. With these advantages, he was prepared for the enjoyment of life, so far as 
worldly advantages were concerned, but advanced years brought with it affliction that caused at 
times a great deal of sulTering. 

His affliction of mind was augmented by death entering the family and removing Benjamin^ 
Susan and Thomas. .June 12, 1864, his wife died, after faithfully sharing the trials of life with 
him for forty-four years. After the death of his wife, he lived with Horatio and George at and 
near the old homestead, occasionally making visits to other members of his family in Illinois and 
in different parts of Ohio. He loved company and was usually cheerful and happy. When alone, 
he would think of the ilear friends that had died, and long to be with them. 

He closed his earthly career calmly and peacefully, August 8, 1867, in his own home, sur- 
rounded with the families of Horatio, George and Newton. 

Thus closed the career of a man of more than ordinary intellectual powers and force of char- 
acter. His father had been a man of deep piety and strong mind. His oldest brother, Benjamin 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 625 

Hamilton, was a Lieutenant under Capt. Brady, the great Indian scout, when he explored the 
Muskingum Valley. The husband of his oldest sister, Rev. Robert Manly, is spoken of by Rev. 
James Quinn, in the AVestern Christian Advocate for 1835, as the first Methodist preacher that 
ever preached the Gospel in what is now the State of Ohio. A younger brother, Rev. Samuel 
Hamilton, was a preacher in the Methodist Episcopal Church, of marked ability. These facts in- 
dicate an origin and surrounding that furnish an idea of the elements that entered into his char- 
acter. William Hamilton, in the prime of his manliood, showed powers that under more favorable 
circumstances for their development would have placed him by the side of the strongest men of 
the country. 

He was a man of decided convictions in politics, and as an old Whig had been elected, in the 
year 1830, Commissioner of Muskingum County. In the year 184G, he was elected as a Repub- 
lican Commissioner of Union County. He served as magistrate a number of years, and filled all 
public trusts committed to his care with fidelity. 

As a preacher, he declared with coldness his convictions. At one time he was called upon to 
preach the funeral of a lewd woman that had died. He asked to be excused, stating that a sense 
of duty would prompt him to be very plain, if he did ; the relatives said they would receive what 
he said without offense, and insisted that he should preach. He did so, using as a text Rev., ii, 
21: "I gave her space to repent of her fornication; and she repented not;" the truth was plain- 
ly presented, but a tenderness of feeling and sympathy always attended his utterances, so that 
he seldom gave offense. He was a man that often labored in communities, where there was but 
little respect for religion or its teachers, but his boldness and suavity of manners would soon 
command the respect of the most uncultivated hearer. In dealing with his fellow-men, he was 
honest to the cent, and never did any man more fully despise deception and dishonesty than he. 
When he detected men in dishonest acts, he had the courage to confront them, and tell them 
plainly of it. He said to a man in his employ, and living on his land, "You know that 1 know 
you stole my corn, and that you stole your neighbor's ax." 

This he would do in a plain, emphatic manner, and his appearance would disarm the man of 
resentment. He was possessed of excellent conversational powers; many homes were made cheer- 
ful by his rich store of anecdotes, and when friends visited him, he would entertain them in a 
style not easily forgotten. When Salmon P. Chase was a candidate for Governer of Ohio, on his 
way from Marysville to Marion, he spent a night at Mr. Hamilton's, and so well was he enter- 
tained with his hospitality and conversation, that ever after, when he would meet any of the fam- 
ily, he would make diligent inquiry as to the health of his friend, and then speak of the pleas- 
ure he experienced in his company. 

His example impressed men. In cases where he needed help from neighbors, he never sup- 
plied spirits as an inducement. Others maintained the same position, [and the example was fol- 
lowed throughout the entire community, so that for years no encouragement was given to the 
sale of liquors in Richwood, and it was not to be procured for miles around. 

A communion service was to be had in Richwood, and the writer, when a boy, was sent to 
Millville, in Delaware County, to procure wine for the occasion, because it could not be obtained 
nearer. 

His example on this question had great iniiuence with his family. He had ten sons; all lived 
to mature years; not one of them ever used liquor as a beverage, but all became strong advocates 
of temperance, and not more than three of them ever used tobacco. 

AVe might add page after page in placing before the reader traits of character and interest- 
ing incidents in the life of this pioneer citizen and preacher, but space will not allow. It has 
now been over fifteen years since he passed away from earth. Anew generation has largely come up- 
on the stage with a tendency to forget the men and women who cleared away the forests and pre- 
pared the way for the homes they now occupy. It is true his resting place in the Richwood 
Cemetery, near the Bethlehem Church, in Claibourne Township, is marked by a humble marble 
slab, but as a token of regard for one deserving to be had in everlasting remembrance for a 
worthy Christian life and for the many heroic deeds that life presents, this tribute to his mem- 
ory is offered. 

William Hamilton was the father of twelve children, two daughters and ten sons; the oldest 
and youngest were daughters. 

Elizabeth, daughter of William and Hannah Hamilton, was born in Licking County March 
5, 1812, and with her parents moved to Muskingum County when a child. She married .Jacob 
C. Sidle in 1834, and about the year 1850 moved to Union County, and, with her husband, set- 
tled in Claibourne Township, where they became extensively known, and had many friends. 
She is the mother of seven children, one remarkable feature is that she had three sets of twins. 
Jacob Sidle died June 10, 1876. 

After the lapse of some time, she married Gideon Wickham, of Newark, Ohio, and is now 
living in that city, at the age of seventy years. Two of her children are dead, and five living. 

Samuel, oldest son of William and Hannah Hamilton, was born in Licking County April 5, 
1814. He was reared in Muskingum County, at farming as a pursuit, married Nancy McMorris, 
of same county, moved to Union County in the year 1840. and settled on a part of the purchase 
made by his father, and remained until the year 1854, when he moved to the State of Illinois 



626 • HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

and is now li%'ing in Marsliall County, that State. He has been married the second time, having 
by his first wife seven children, four sons, and three daughters; one son is dead, one a farmer, 
and two lawyers ; John M., is at this writing Lieutenant Governor of Illinois. His second wife, 
formerly Harriet Gray nee Rodman, died May IG, 1882, and was buried near Zanesville. He is 
now in liis sixty-ninth year. 

William McKendre, second son of William and Hannah Hamilton, was born in Muskingum 
County October 13, 1816. At an early period, he went to Zanesville, to learn the tailoring trade, 
where he spent six years and became an accomplished workman in his line. He continued this 
business for a number of years, but at length he became interested in trade. 

For some years he did business for Daniel Brush as a partner. This partnership finally 
closed, having given perfect satisfaction to Mr. Brush, and been the means of greatly increasing 
the property of both. He is living in Wenona, Marshall Co., 111., in good circumstances, 
and is actively engaged in the business of life. His latest enterprise is that of sinking a shaft 
for coal, at a heavy expense. He is plain and unassuming in manner, but understands the laws 
of trade, and has been remarkably successful. Pie married Rebecca Burns, of his adopted State, 
and has a family that is greatly respected. He gave at one time $10,000 toward the endow- 
ment of a college at Adrian, Mich. He is well preserved and has a fair prospect of living 
many years to enjoy life and bless his fellow-man. He is now in his sixty-seventh year. 

Benjamin Manley, third son of William and Hannah Hamilton, was born January 2, 1819, 
in Muskingum County. His mother died October 2, following, leaving him an infant of less than 
ten months ; helpless it is true, but he was tenderly cared for and grew to manhood, and was 
the oldest of the ten sons of William Hamilton that moved into Union County, and shared in 
opening the farm so widely known as the Hamilton farm. 

About the year 1812, he married Abigail Graham, daughter of John Graham, Sr.,for many 
years a resident of Union County. Soon after his marriage, he moved to land received from his 
fither, and had himself to reclaim the wilderness and made it a fruitful field. He continued 
this work until February 7, 1859, when he was suddenly killed by the running away of a team 
of horses. He left a family of five children ; the oldest, William, is now living in Van Wert 
County, Ohio, and has authority to preach in the United Brethren Church. Benjamin, was a con- 
scientious Christian man, and died at the age of forty years. This was the first death among 
the children of William Hamilton. 

Cornelius Springer. (See biography in tliis book.) 

John Waterman, second son of William and Lydia Hamilton, was born in Muskingum County, 
Ohio, June 7, 182.3, and was fifteen years old when his father moved into Union County. He 
shared in the labors and trials endured by the family consequent upon making a home in the 
wilderness. His habits were studious, and though denied the privilege of any other school ad- 
vantages, except one term in Granville College, than such as were aflForded in three or four months 
school in winter, he had advanced far enough to teach school at the age of sixteen. This he did 
successfully in the village of Richwood, in the winter of 1838-39. He afterward taught a select 
school in Marysville, in the basement of the old Presbyterian Church, and taught at different 
points in Muskingum County. The object was to supply himself with means for the prosecution 
of studies in the medical profession. He commenced the study of this profession, under Dr. Beal- 
rnear, in the village of Irville, Muskingum County, and continued it under the instructions of 
Dr. Knight, of the same county. He taught school and studied meilicine until his means were 
sufficient to enable him to attend lectures. This he did at Willoughby Medical College, near Cleve- 
land, where he graduated, in the year 1847. In the year 1848, he married Rachel Werden, who 
resided near Cleveland, and commenced the practice of medicine on the Scioto, a few miles above 
Columbus. He continued here a few years, and moved to Akron, where he remained but for a 
short lime, and went to New York City to obtain hospital advantages. After remaining there for some 
months, he returned to Columbus in the year 1853, and now for thirty-three years he has devoted 
himself entirely to his profession. For twenty-five or more years he has filled a professor's chair and 
most of the time tlie chair of surgery. This position he now occupies, and is tlie acknowledged au- 
thority on surgery in all Central Ohio. He has performed some of the most critical operations ever 
periormed in the State, and is justlj' placed by the profession in the front rank. In early life, 
he was tall and slender in form, but has increased in flesh until he how weighs 300 pounds. 
With his own means, he erected what is known as Columbus Medical College, near his spacious 
dwelling in the city of Columbus, and so lucrative has been his profession, and is at the present 
time, that he has ample means of enjoying ease and comfort; but such are the demands for his 
services that he could not lay aside his work if he should desire to do so. He has two sons, one 
a graduate of Gam))ier College, and ihe other a student at Princeton, that he is training for same 
profession. He is now in his sixtieth year. 

Joseph Harrison, third son of William and Lydia Hamilton, was born in Muskingum 
County July 23, 1826, and moved to Union County at the age of twelve years. Though not full 
grown, he could render material help in the work of clearing up the farm. He could drive the 
oxen, burn the brush, plow and hoe the corn, bring the cows from the forest pasture, and was the 
first to carry the mail from Richwood to Marysville and return. In the winter of 1841, he and a 
number of associates made a profession of religion, and united with the Methodist Protestant 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 627 

Clmrch. In the spring of 1843, his church gave him authority to speak to the people on the 
subject of religion. He spent tbe week in labor on the farm, and on Sabbath he visited points 
at schoolhouses and in tlie cabins of the settlers to hold religious services. His educational ad- 
vantages were limited to the winter school, except a three months' select school conducted by 
his brother John in Marysville. February 17, 1844, his church authorized him to preach the 
•Gospel, and in August, of the same year, he united with the JNIuskingum Annual Conference, with 
the view of making the ministry his life work. He has now spent almost thirty-nine years in 
the ministry, during which time he has performed an unusual amount of labor, preaching a con- 
siderable part of the time three times on the Sabbath, and often during the week time, but in 
the thii'ty-nine years has only been off duty four Sabbaths in consequence of sickness. He 
has preached in Muskingum and Licking County five years, Coshocton four, Lancaster two, Circle- 
ville two, Steubenville five. New Comerstown one, McConnelsville two, served as President of his 
conference one year, and has preached in Mt. Vermon and Knox County for nearly seventeen 
years. During his residence in Knox County, he has attended over 400 funerals, and 
mai-ried over 400 couples. Hundreds have been added to the church through his in- 
strumentality. He often delivers addresses on different subjects that find a place in print. On 
the 31st day of August, 1848, he married Charlotta M. Rodman, near Zanesville. They 
have three children, one son and two daughters, all live in iNIt. Vernon. The son is a printer, 
and for three years was publisher of the Mt. Vernon Republican, while the father was editor 
and proprietor. He is now in his fifty-seventh year, and performs the labor ordinarily per- 
formed by two men. 

Isaac N. Hamilton. (See biography in this book.) 

HORATIO COX HAMILTON was born near Irville,MuskingumCo.,Ohio,September 24, 1830, 
and was named after .Judge Horatio Cox, who was then a merchant of Irville, but who now 
lives in Columbus, Ohio. He came with the rest of his father's family to Union County, and 
landed in Richwood on the evening of the 3d day of April, 1838. The family lived that sum- 
mer in town, while the father and older boys were employed in building a house and arranging 
for the future. Horatio, with his two brothers — Norton, who was older, and George, who was 
younger — were sent to school to Matildy Manson, who taught in the old log schoolhouse on the 
lot now occupied by C. W. Huffman as a residence ; they were also required to carry dinner to 
those who were at work clearing the farm, etc., so that each forenoon, after intermission, they 
went home and got a good-sized market-basket full, and made the trip from town to the point 
where the men were at work, which is the same as where the house of G. B. Hamilton now 
^stands, and after delivering their load of provisions they would return to the school for the af- 
ternoon. When one thinks that it was then an unbroken forest with only a path, and that the 
average age of the three was only seven and a halt years, it savors of real romance. Horatio 
remained with his father, and worked, as all farmer boys did in those days, for nine or ten 
months of the year, going to school from forty to sixty days each winter, until the winter of 
1848-49, when he taught school in the Lenox District. The following winter he taught in Rich- 
wood, and had to assume the relationship of teacher to the same children and scholars with 
whom he formerly went to school and with whom he had played and frolicked. Some idea of 
the labor performed may be had when it is remembered that the school averaged fifty-six for the 
term, and for the last two months perhaps seventy or more, and that every one brought what- 
ever book or books they could find about the house or borrow of a neighbor, so that it was im- 
possible to classify the school. In the fall of 1851, and after he was of age, Horatio concluded 
that he would add somewhat to his educational advantages, and for this purpose he went to 
Delaware and matriculated and entered upon a college lite ; but it was of short duration and 
amounted to two terms of six or eight days each, so that he is what he himself calls a two-term 
graduate. 

In the spring of 1853, he left his father and went to Cleveland, and employed himself to 
H. G. 0. Carey, to travel and sell his medicines, the main article of which was Borrell's Indian 
Liniment. The first six months were spent in canvassing Eastern and Southern Ohio. In the 
fall of the same year, he was sent to West Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa, and Minnesota. For four 
years he continued to travel from place to place, loading at Chicago, ^Milwaukee, Madison, Ga- 
lena, Rock Island, Peoria, La Fayette and Indianapolis. This gave him a very extensive knowl- 
edge of the West, and enabled him to direct others to such places as they could get good land at 
Congress price. The result is that very many families are now in the West, and have homes to 
-which they were directed by him. He also took advantage of his knowledge of the West, and 
invested the first thousand dollars he ever earned in land in Black Hawk County, Iowa, getting 
for $1,000, 859 acres of as good land as a bird ever flew over, and from which he realized a 
comfortable fortune. It may be well to go back and say that in the summer of 1853, while at 
his uncle's, Irenias Springer's, he chanced to meet a little school-girl who was destined to be a 
partner in his successes and failures. Her name was Edmonia Dawson, a daughter of Dr. Nelson 
Dawson (deceased), of Putnam, Ohio. Horatio C. Hamilton and Edmonia Dawson were married in 
Davenport, Iowa, June 3, 1866. In the spring of 1857 they settled on their land in Black Hawk 
•County, Iowa, andduring the summer built a house and broke 120 acres of land. In the fall of the 
same year the panic struck Iowa, and its wild-cat money went down and became worthless, and with 



628 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

it came ruin to almost everybody and everything in Iowa. Corn, wheat, oats and potatoes fell in 
price from $1.25 to a mere nominal price. This. With other things, caused them to leave Iowa and 
return to Ohio. In the fall of 1861, they came to live with his father — Monia to take care of the 
house and Horatio the farm. When the second call for volunteers was made in 1862, he was ap- 
pointed by Gov. Tod to recruit the quota of Union County, under said call. His commission was 
dated July 21, 1862, and on the 6th day of August he bad one full company and quite a number who 
were assigned to other companies, principally to Capt. Lawrence's company, of the One Hundred 
and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry. On the 7th of August, he was elected Captain of the 
company that was organized, and as such was assigned to the Ninety-sixth Ohio Volunteer In- 
fantry. The regiment was sent to Kentucky and assigned to the command of Brig. Gen. S. G. 
Burbridge, and the brigade was attached to Maj. Gen. A. J. Smith's division of the Thirteenth 
Army Corps. The regiment reached Kentucky on the 1st day of September, 1862. It will be 
remembered that at this time there was a sentiment among the new recruits that slaves and 
slave property were being wrongfully protected by the army, and that it was no part of a sol- 
dier's duty to protect rebel property, and catch and return slaves to their masters. It began to 
be noticed that negroes were turned out of our lines with an ever-increasing degree of reluc- 
tance ; also that Capt. Hamilton was the friend of the oppressed, and that he did not always 
obey an order to do so inhuman a thing as to turn a fellow-man over to his rebel master, even in 
obedience to a positive command of a senior officer. Finally a boy, some fourteen years of age, 
came into the camp of the Ninety-sixth Ohio, at Nicholasville, Ky., calling himself William 
Clay, and reporting that his master was a rebel, and that he had thrown an ax at him (Billy), 
and that he wanted protection. He found a friend in Capt. Hamilton, and remained with him, 
as a servant, for some time, until the army was ordered to move to Louisville. On the way, 
and as it passed through Versailles, a person dressed in the uniform of a Union soldier came, 
representing himself as being on Maj. Gen. A. J. Smith's staff, and that as such he ordered 
Capt. Hamilton to deliver the boy Billy to him to be turned over to the jailer as an escaped 
slave. This he refused to do unless the order came in writing from Gen. Smith in the ordinary 
way, being countersigned by Gen. Burbridge and Col. I. W. Vance of the Ninety-sixth Ohio 
Volunteer Infantry. This the fellow refused to get, but notified him that he would be back in 
fifteen minutes with a detachment of soldiers, and that he would take the boy by force. Upon 
this the Captain turned to his company and told them that if it was going to be a question of 
force, that they might load their guns and prepare for the aflfray. That order the company 
made haste to execute, and as they did so one company after another did the same, until, as far 
as one could see, the road seemed to glisten with the light of the sun as it was reflected by 
several thousand ramrods which were being used to send home the ball that was intended to 
perforate the hide of any man who would attempt to take Billy by force. The effect of this 
preparation was that the staff officer gave up his notion of taking the boy by force at that timp. 
but notified the Captain that the affair would be deferred till evening, at which time the boy 
would be taken by force and the Captain put under arrest for disobedience of orders. This kept 
the matter brewing in the minds of the soldiers. As soon as the army was encamped for the 
night, the soldiers held an impromptu meeting, at which speeches were made and resolutions 
passed approving the course of Capt. Hamilton, and resolving that they would stand by him in 
the death. A committee was appointed to inform him of their purpose, and he was soon waited 
on by a soldier who made known their action to him, and requested that if any move should be 
made to take the boy by force, that immediate notice should be given to the officers and 
soldiers whose names were found on a card which was handed to the Captain. This upris- 
ing of the soldiers, occasioned by the refusal of Capt. Hamilton to give up the boy Billy, 
had the effect to stop all effort in the Army of Kentucky to arrest or return slaves to their 
masters. 

On reaching Louisville, the army was ordered to go to Memphis and Vicksburg. The 
boy could not be taken, and the only thing that could be done was either to let him loose 
in Kentucky, to Ije seized upon and returned to slavery, or to send him home to Ohio. The 
latter the Captain chose to do, but had to force his way across the river for fear of arrest; 
but he finally reached New Albany, Ind., and bought a railroad ticket to Marysville for the 
boy, paying for it all the money he had and going $1.25 in debt. When the boy reached 
Richwood, it set everything in commotion. Some approved of the course pursued by the 
Captain, others condemned. The party in opposition called a meeting, and resolved that the 
"nigger" should not be permitted to stay, and that they would return him to his master, 
etc. They also resolved that Capt. Hamilton should not be permitted to return to Richwood. 
The matter got into all the papers of the State, and of other States as well. Letters came 
to the Captain from every quai-ter, some approving and some disapproving his course. One 
man, who was given to understanding the force of what he said, wrote him that it was sup- 
posed that an effort would be made to take the boy by force and send him back to Ken- 
tucky, but he said that the Captain need not be alarmed, for that many thousands of men were 
armed and ready for any move that might be made to return tlie boy. 

Billy Clay and H. C. Hamilton both live in Richwood at this time, and this story would not 
have been told if it had not been for the fact of its having had so important a part in the war 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 631 

in overthrowing the slave power, and in developing liberal and Christian sentiment at home* 
During the winter of 1862-63, while with Sherman's army, Capt. Hamilton conti-acted a nervous 
disease, the external evidence of which appeared as a cutaneous disease called lepra, from the 
effect of which he became spotted as a leopard. In August following, he resigned his office of 
Captain and came home, since which time he has been a resident of Union County. He was 
prospered in business, and bought and paid for the Hamilton homestead, and was supposed to 
be a man of wealth until the panic of 1873, when, by bad management and security debts, he 
became involved, and sold his property a-t a low figure and paid his debts. His wife, Edmonia, 
was taken from him by death on January 29, 1877. On March 4, 1879, he was married to 
Miss Molly Kendall, and they now live together in the village of Kichwood. In tlie mean 
time, he partially regained his health as well as property, and bids fair for long life and future 
usefulness. In religious matters, he is somewhat peculiar, and cares nothing for the religion 
that one feels but goes his last dollar on the religion that one does. 

GEORGE B. HAMILTON, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Muskingum County, 
Ohio, February 12, 1833, and is a son Rev. William and Lydia (Springer) Hamilton, the former 
of English and Scotch, the latter of Swiss descent. His parents came to Union County, April 8, 
1838, and settled on the farm and built the house where their son, George, now resides. Mr. 
Hamilton was educated in a log schoolhouse in Claibourne Township, where he applied himself 
with such diligence as enabled him in after years to teach. Being one of those persons who are 
ever in the process of education, whether in the school-room, on the farm, or in business, he has 
obtained such a practical education as enables him to be of great public usefulness wherever 
placed. Indeed, few men, with even better advantages, have equal ability with him to make 
an intelligent, off-hand address, on any subject or occasion, that may interest the better class of 
people in the community. In consequence of this, he has been variously intrusted with public 
offices and interests in the township and county in which he lives. But having little or no de- 
sire for public life or honors, he has, by preference, devoted himself to farming, as his life's 
work. In this he has had such success as gives him a handsome home farm of 886 acres,, 
besides other lands and village property. On November 19, 1857, he married Marian Hamilton, 
a native of Scotland, where her ancestry connected her with John Knox and the Reformation — 
a daughter of Rev. William and Marian Hamilton, Sr., her father being of identically the same 
name as her husband's father, but without kinship between them; and to make the seeming 
identity more striking, both fathers were ministers in the same State — Ohio, of the same de- 
nomination — Methodist Protestant Church, and still further, both had sons named John and Will- 
iam. The married life of Mr. and Mrs. Hamilton has been, at all times, most happy, and re- 
sulted in three children, two daughters, Clara A. and Marian G., and one son, George H., the 
oldest of whom, Clara, is now attending the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware. Mrs. 
Hamilton was blessed with a brilliant mind, a retentive memory, and a keen perception of the 
beautiful in literature and morals, and with such intellectual equipment, she was ever able to 
make home attractive and happy, and to impart to her children a rich heritage of this character. 
Nor did she lavish her gifts on home alone, but was an ornament to the society in which she 
moved, and was a useful and active member of the Methodist Protestant Church, to which she 
belonged from the age of fourteen years till her death, October 18, 1882, a period of about 
thirty-three years. Mr. Hamilton is also a member of the same church, having joined it in his 
boyhood. Besides being a most active and zealous member of the local church at Richwood, he 
is one of the most prominent laymen of his denomination in Ohio, having been repeatedly a 
delegate to the Ohio Annual Conference, and twice a lay representative to j^the General Confer- 
ence. In addition to giving hearty support to the local and general interests of his church, 
Mr. Hamilton has a quiet mode of benevolence, the details of which are scarcely known to any 
but himself and his God. With an eye upon superficials alone, your informant feels that he 
risks nothing as to fact, when he intimates that many are the poor who have been his beneficiaries, 
in various ways adapted to their relief, including not a few who could tell of their mort- 
gages, which were about to be foreclosed, with certain loss of their hard earnings, and which 
have quietly found their way into his hands, to await a slow redemption, as circumstances 
might necessitate, sometimes keeping him out of his returns for years, and although many hun- 
dred dollars have been freely given to relieve the needs of others, prosperity follows, and peace 
and plenty are found in his happy home. 

Thomas Bealmear, seventh son of William and Lydia Hamilton, born June 22, 1836. The 
middle name was for the old family doctor, but when grown he chose to be called Thomas Benton, 
and so wrote his name when he wrote it in full. He wis not two years old when he came to 
Union County, and could not take part in the early struggles of making a home in the wilder- 
ness. At an early period he showed that he possessed an active mind. The times had changed 
for the better, and the father concluded to give him an education. He was sent to Delaware 

University, and after years of college life, he graduated with honor in the summer of 1857. 

He taught school for some time in Ohio and in Illinois, and then concluded to study medicine, 
and entered upon the work with his brother John in Columbus, and graduated at Starling Medi- 
cal College in the year 1862. He then went to the State of Illinois, and settled in Wenona, Mar- 
shall County, and commenced the practice of medicine. All this had been accomplished before 



632 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

he was twenty-five years old. About this time he married Celia A. Oder, of his adopted State. 
His business was spreading rapidly, when he felt it to be his duty, in 1862, to enlist as a vol- 
unteer in the United States service. He entered the One Hundred and Fourth Illinois Regi- 
ment, Col. Moore commanding, and was made Assistant Surgeon. He was faithful as man could 
be to the trust committed to him. He followed the fate of his regiment in most of the battles 
on the Tennessee, Nashville, Chattanooga, and on the way to Atlanta, and was never oif duty 
unless compelled to by sickness. Capt. A.. E. Lee, formerly of Delaware, said of him : That he 
had often seen him when the battle would be raging, heedless of danger, caring for the wounded 
and dying. One man said to the writer: "He saved my life," and evinced toward him the 
love of David for .Jonathan. He had attacks of hemorrhage, and his friends plead with him to 
come home. "No," said he, "not until my time is out." He hoped to live, and when dis- 
charged would return to a fond companion, and spend many days of connubial bliss. But not 
^0. While in hospital at Nashville he had an attiick of hemorrhage, and died suddenly on March 
17, 1865, and was brought to Union County and buried in the Richwood Cemetery, by the side 
of his kindred, in his twenty-ninth year. Few men of his age ever had a more cheering pros- 
pect for doing good to mankind than he. He was kind and cheerful, and with a mind stored 
with knowledge, and with the experience he had as a surgeon in the army, had he lived, he cer- 
tainly would have been prominent in his profession. He was a beautiful singer, and took great 
pleasure in giving encouragement to the art. He was a Christian. Had made a profession of 
religion when quite a youth, and though gone from earth, has entered the society of the re- 
deemed, where he can sing forever " Unto Him that hath loved us, and given Himself for us, to 
Him be glory." 

"Go to the grave, at noon from labor cease. 

Rest on thy sheaves, thy harvest work is done; 
Come, from the heat of battle, and in peace, 

Soldier home, with thee the work is done." 

Rebecca Susan, only daughter and youngest child of William and Lydia Hamilton, was 
born in the village of Richwood, Union County, .June 19, 1838. It was in early spring the family 
first moved to the county, and was compelled to stop in Richwood until a house could be com- 
pleted on the land that was to be occupied as a future home. It was while living here that she 
was born. The name is given in respect to both grandmothers. She signed her name R. Susan. 
As the youngest sister she became a great object of regard in the family. All felt anxious that 
she should acquire a good education. She entered Delaware College with her brother Thomas, 
at the age of seventeen; was a most excellent student, and graduated with honor in the year 
1859. She at once showed a desire to take hold of life's duties in a way that would make her 
self-supporting and at the same time be useful. She chose teaching as a profession and Illinois 
as the field of operation. With her brother Thomas, she taught the school at Wenona, Marshall 
County, 111., and was giving great satisfaction, when she had an attack of lung fever, and was com- 
pelled to desist and return to Ohio, where, in spite of all attention that could be given her, she 
died, at the home of her parents, .June 13, 1861. Sad was the day of her burial to her father 
and mother, brothers, and a large circle of friends. She had made a profession of religion in 
Marysville in the Prebyterian Church, and united with that church at the age of thirteen years. 
When in Delaware she united with the Methodist Episcopal Church. At home she was Meth- 
odist Protestant. She was a singer of commanding influence. She loved to sing and loved it 
until the last. A few days preceding her death she wished the family to join her in singing a 
hymn, saying she wished to hear the voice of her mother once more in singing, which request 
was granted. Her own voice was quite naturul. She grew weaker, and as her last words she 
said to her mother, " I am so happy." Thus closed the scene with this fair and lovely youth, 
just at a time when large hopes of future usefulness were centered upon her. The heart feels 
sad in dwelling upon such an event, but we must submit to the direction of the Great Father of all. 

" Happy soul, thy days are ended. 
All thy mourning days below ; 
Go, by angel hands attended. 
To thy loving Savior, go." 

Thus closes the brief history of a family covering a century and a quarter and embracing 
five generations, its influence being felt in all the professions and extending into difl'erent por- 
tions of the country. When Abraham Lincoln was candidate for President, every member of the 
family of which any knowledge is had, that had a right to vote, cast that vote for him. Seldom 
is there found an instance of dissipation in the family in all its history. With a love for virtue 
and religion, and a sincere desire to adhere to what is right, time alone will tell what heights of 
honor and usefulness awaits them. 

JOHNS. HAMILTON, farmer, P.O. Richwood, was born in Marysville, Ohio, March 29, 
1854, and is a son of Cornelius and Louise (Bisant) Hamilton, natives of Ohio. His father was 
a prominent lawyer of Marysville, a member of the Constitutional Convention that framed the 
present constitution of our State, and afterward a member of the Ohio Legislature. He also 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 633 

represented this district in the Fortieth Congress of the United States. He raised a family of 
six children, three boys and three girls. Our subject, who was the fourth child, received his 
education at Richwood, and has made farming the occupation of his life. He owns a nice farm 
near Richwood, on which he resides. He was married, in 1876, to Ellen E. Sidle, who was born in 
Claibourne Township February 11, 1856; she is a daughter of John Sidle. By this union 
two children were born, viz., Vinnie B. and Ollie. Mrs. Hamilton is a member of the Meth- 
odist Protestant Church. Mr. Hamilton is a Republican in politics. 

ELIJAH HARRIS, f\irmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Licking County, Ohio, October 13, 
1836, and is the son of Thomas and Rachel (Herrod) Harris, the former a native of Ohio, and a 
farmer by occupation. Our subject was raised and educated as a farmer, and has made farming 
the principal occupation of his life, though at one time he followed the trade of a carpenter ten 
years. In 1870, he came to Union County and settled on the Marysville pike, one mile south of 
Richwood, where he owns a farm of 133^ acres of prime land. He is a Republican in politics. 
He was married in 1869 to Columbia Sarah Iluddleston, whose parents were natives of the Old 
Dominion, of English descent. Mr. and Mrs. Harris have two children, Isabella and Thomas. 
JACOB HAKTMAN, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Preston, Va., March 3, 1832, 
and is a son of Michael and Sarah (Miller) Hartman, natives of Maryland, of German descent. 
His father was a farmer, but for twenty-five years of his life was engaged as a wagoner. Our 
subject received a common school education in Virginia, and has spent his life in the pursuits of 
a farmer. In 1856, he married Hannah Rice, a dau2;hter of Jacob and Hannah (Pool) Rice, who were 
married on the Potomac Ptiver in 1812 ; she was born in Greene County, Penn., in 1836. After 
their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Hartman started together in their battle with fortune, having 
nothing to begin life with. With the aid of his wife, who has been to him a good and worthy 
helpmeet, he has acquired nearly eighty-five acres of land in this township, on which they re- 
side. They have had four children, viz., Walter T. R., Alvin, Clara Belle, deceased, and an 
infant, deceased. Mr. Hartman came to Union County and built a log cabin, which has since 
been replaced by a neat and comfortable residence. He and his wife are members of the Meth- 
odist Protestant Church, in which he has been a class leader and steward sincel875. He is a 
Democrat in politics, and is now Clerk of the School Board. 

WILLIAM CARROLL HASTINGS, of the firm of Hastings & Williams, dealer in buggies, 
carriages, spring-wagons, seed-drills, etc., Richwood, Ohio, was born at Richwood, Ohio, August 
29, 1844, and is a son of Levin Hastings, and Mary Carroll, his wife, of whom a sketch is given 
elsewhere in this work. Our subject was educated in the common schools and is a harness- 
maker by trade. He has spent ten years in stock dealing at Richwood, and engaged in import- 
ing Norman horses to Union County ; he is a man that learns from observation, has spent some 
time in the West, and has seen a good deal of the world. In 1864, he enlisted in Company K, 
One Hundred and Thirty-eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and served his full term of enlist- 
ment. He then came to Richwood, where he has since remained. He is a Republican in politics, 
and since 1881 has served as Treasurer of his township. In 1869, he married Miss Cynthia 
Lenox, daughter of John Lenox, a prominent farmer and stock dealer of Union County ; this 
union has been blessed with two children, Mary and Anna. 

JOSEPH R. HATCHER, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Logan County, Ohio, August 
8, 1818, and is a son of James and Sarah (Ray) Hatcher, natives of Virginia, of English descent, 
and members of the Society of Friends. His father was a farmer and surveyor, and did a great 
deal of surveying in the early days of this country. He came to Ohio soon after the war of 1812. 
Our subject was raised and educated as a farmer, and in early life taught school for a time, but 
farming has been the principal occupation of his life. He came to Union County in 1853, and 
settled in Claibourne Township, where he now owns 163 acres of land. In 1842, he married 
Angeline, a daughter of Isaac and Sarah Headley, of English descent. They have had eight 
children, to wit: J. D. (a member of the One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer In- 
fantry, and died in the service), Sarah J., Margaret E., Emily F., Nancy, Charles B., C. L. and 
Belle. Mrs. Hatcher is a member of the Christian Church. Mr. Hatcher is a Universalist in 
belief and a Republican in politics. 

WILLIAM M. HAYDEN, dealer in sewing machines, Richwood. was born in Morrow 
County, Ohio, September 9, 1837. He is the son of John and Rachel (Evans) Hayden, the 
former born in Pennsylvania in 1812, of German descent, and the latter a native of Wales. 
They were married in Pennsylvania, and, emigrating to Ohio in 1830, located in Morrow County, 
where the father still resides, the mother having died in 1857. Our subject is the second child 
of a family of four children ; he was raised on the farm, and received a good education in the 
public high school and at Mount Hestmer College — a college of the Society of Friends. At the 
age of seventeen years, he began teaching district school, which he followed four years. In 1862, 
he enlisted in Company D, Sixty-fifth Ohio Infantry, as a Corporal, and, in 1863, re-enlisted in 
Company B, Tenth Ohio Cavalry. He was the Regimental Commissary Sergeant; was promoted 
to Second Lieutenant of his company in 1863, and in December of the same year was commis- 
sioned First Lieutenant, in which capacity he served until the close of the war. He was with 
Sherman in his march to the sea, in Kilpatrick's raid, in Libby Prison for a short time, and was 
finally discharged in August, 1865. In 1866, he embarked in the mercantile trade at Alliance, 



634 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Ohio, but two years later sold his business and purchased a farm, which he operated successfully 
for two years. He then disposed of his farm, and engaged in selling the domestic sewing 
machines. He orders machines by the car load, and has sold at retail over 1,600 machines. He 
understands his business in all its branches, is a ready salesman, and a practical sewing machine 
man. In 1867, he married Ellen K. Hall, a native of Ohio, of Scotch descent, who died in 1876, 
at Elmira, N. Y., leaving one child, Ordella, now in the Richwood graded schools. Mrs. Hayden 
was a member of the Baptist Church. 

EZRA HEDGES, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Fairfield County, Ohio, October 17, 
1826, and is a son of Caleb and Mary (Clellen) Hedges, natives of Maryland, of English and 
Dutch descent. His father was a cooper and farmer, and very successful in business. He raised 
a family of ten children, to each of whom he gave 100 acres of land. Our subject was raised 
and educated as a farmer, and has followed that occupation through life. In 1855, he came to 
Claibourne Township, and located on the farm now occupied by him, which consists of 176 acres. 
In 1854, he married Sarah A. Goss, by whom he has three children, viz.: Hulda, wife of Will- 
iam Decker; Clara A., now engaged in teaching, and Samantha, the wife of William Lawrence. 
Mrs. Hedges died March 2, 1861, and, in 1863, he married Nancy Young, a native of Delaware 
County, by whom he had one child — Grant, who died December 10, 1882. Mr. Hedges is a Re- 
publican, and a member of the I. 0. 0. F. society. 

L. D. HERR, proprietor of the Richwood Temperance Billiard Parlors, Richwood, Ohio, 
was born in Wayne County, Ohio. May 9, 1857, and is a son of Henry and Sarah E. (Elgin) Herr. 
His father was a school teacher in early life, and later acted as traveling salesman for an exten- 
sive nursery company. Our subject graduated at the high school in West Salem, where his parents 
resided, in 1874, and chose the occupation of an engineer. He operated a stationary engine at 
Richwood for four years, and then entered the employ of Camp, Randall & Co., in their ware- 
house at Richwood, remaining with them eight years. He now conducts a billiard room on 
strictly moral principles, allowing no swearing, gambling, drinking, or other bad order, and 
giving the youth of the village opportunity for indulging in a very pleasant pastime without 
being brought under the pernicious influence of liquor drinking. The room is a bright, airy 
apartment, comfortably furnished, and with a full complement of five tables, and is presided over 
by the proprietor in person. He is a young man of strictly moral principles, a member of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church, and a worker in the Sabbath School. In 1881, he married Flora 
Belle Farris, a native of Delaware County, by whom he has one child — Elmo Leon. Mr. Herr is a 
Republican in politics. 

M. W. HILL, Richwood, was born in Knox County, Ohio, December 24, 1843, and is a son 
of Nathaniel Birt and Mary (Roberts) Hill, natives of New Jersey. His father died in 1852, 
and his mother died one month later, leaving our subject alone in the world, at the age of nine 
years. During the next four years, he lived at several difi'erent places, and when thirteen years 
of age he began learning the printer's trade, which he only followed for a short time. He then 
commenced working on a farm at $6 per month,which was afterward raised to $9, and continued 
working as a hand four years. In 1861, he met with an accident, by having his hand badly 
injured in a clover huUer, that almost resulted in the loss of his right arm. During the years 
'of 1862 and 1863, he went to school, and having obtained a certificate, began teaching. One 
year later he went to Iowa and engaged in farming and trading, and in 1864 returned to Union 
County. In 1867, he came to Richwood, and since then has been variously engaged in business. 
He is in very comfortable circumstances, owns 460 acres of land, eighty of it in the corporation, 
several houses and lots in the village, a butcher shop and grocery, a half-interest in a furniture 
store, and a half-interest in a store at Green Bend, Ohio. He and his partner, Mr. Lenox, arc 
the most extensive dealers in and shippers of stock in this part of the country. They are im- 
porters of French horses and have made two trips across the water for that purpose. Mr. Hill 
is a Democrat in politics and is now serving his second term as Justice of the Peace. He is a 
member of the Odd Fellows Lodge, No. 443, and, as is his wife, a member of the Methodist Episco- 
pal Church. In 1865, he married Margaret A. Fisher, daughter of Benjamin Fisher, and by her 
has four children, viz.: Lizzie Belle, Wilbert C, Viola J. and Morris W. 

G. W. HOLLAND, T. F. A. of the N. Y., P. & 0. R. R., Richwood, was born in Richland 
County, Ohio, June 15, 1844, and is a son of Richard and Eliza (Flynn) Holland, natives of Phila- 
delphia, Penn., the former of English and the latter of Irish descent. Our .subject received an 
academic education in his native State, and early chose the occupation of a telegraph operator. 
In 1862, he enlisted in the One Hundred and Second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was dis- 
charged in 1863 on account of disability. On his return to civil life, he obtained a situation as 
clerk in the post office at Mansfield, and one year later returned to Richwood and resumed his 
old occupation of operator. He was subsequently appointed as ticket agent and has worked in 
the office at Richwood for sixteen years. In 1882, he was appointed traveling freight agent for 
the western division of his road, and is now serving in that capacity. He is a Republican in politics, 
and was a member of the electoral commission for the election of President Garfield. He has 
served as a Councilman and member of the Board of Education of Richwood. In 1867, he mar- 
ried Mary E. Searles, a native of Connecticut, and a daughter of W. H. Searles, of Marion, Ohio. 
They have had one child that died in infancy. 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 635 

0. HOLMES, retired farmer, P. O. Rich wood, was born in Harrison County, Ohio, May 29, 
1827, and is a son of Isaac and Ellen (Blackburn) Holmes. His father, who was a native of 
New Jersey, was a blacksmith by trade, and died in 1862, at Columbus, Ohio, where he had re- 
sided for fifteen years. He had a family of ten children, nine of whom reached their majority. 
Our subject was educated in the common schools of Highland County, Ohio, and followed the 
occupation of a farmer until he was twenty-one years of age, after which he filled the position of 
clerk in a general store for twelve years, giving that up to resume farming operations. In 1865, 
he came to Union County, and in 1873 he sold his farm of 100 acres and purchased a handsome 
property in Richwood, to which he has retired and which he is now engaged in beautifying. He 
was married, July 29, 1852, to Miss Mary A. Johnson, a daughter of William Johnson, a native 
of Pennsylvania, and Caroline Burtner, his wife, a native of Kentucky. Mrs. Holmes was born 
in Champaign County, Ohio, in 1828; her ancestors emigrated to America with the "Pilgrim 
Fathers," in the Mayflower. Mr. and Mrs. Holmes' marriage has been blessed with six 
children, three boys and three girls, of whom two now survive, viz., Anna Belle and Charles T. 
The parents are members of the Methodist Protestant Church at Richwood. 

J. M. HORN, of the firm of J. M. Horn & Bro., manufacturers of brick and tile, Richwood, 
Ohio, was born September 8, 1852, in Tuscarawas County, Ohio ; he is a son of Noah and Rebecca 
(Tucker) Horn, the former a native of Maryland, and the latter of Virginia, both of English 
descent. His father was an enterprising and intelligent farmer, who went to California, but 
lost his life while en route for home. Our subject chose the profession of an artist and for some 
time was engaged in that occupation, traveling around the country in a gallery car. He sub- 
sequently embarked in the dry goods business, and in 1882 began his present enterprise, pur- 
chasing five acres of land for that purpose. He has ample facilities for the manufacture and 
storage of his ware, and finds a ready market for more than he can supply on demand. On 
February 17, 1880, he married Lucinda Spratt, a native of Union County, and a daughter of 
Andrew Spratt. They have one child — Ivan. Mr. Horn is a Republican, a member of the 
I. 0. 0. F. fraternity and of the Prudential Order of America. 

JESSE D. HOSLER, furniture dealer, Richwood, was born in Fountain County, Ind., Jan- 
uary 18, 1846 ; he is a son of Benjamin Hosier, a cabinet-maker, and Lydia Shively, his wife, 
both natives of Pennsylvania, of German descent. Our subject received a good English educa- 
tion in the graded schools of his native State, and, after leaving school, learned the trade of a 
blacksmith, serving a four years' apprenticeship at Covington, Ind. He then worked at Monti- 
cello, Ind., as a journeyman for four years, and in 1875 came to Richwood, where he built the 
brick shop in which his brother now carries on business. He worked in this shop seven years, 
and then entered the furniture business in the firm of M. W. Hill & Co., but discontinued this 
in December, 1882. In 1863, he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Sixteenth Indiana 
Infantry, for three months, and re- enlisted in Company G, of the Fifty-first Regiment. He was 
once a prisoner, being taken at night by a band of guerrillas, but succeeded in making his escape 
after two houi's' imprisonment. In 1874, he married Miss Mary Sabin, a native of Troy, Ohio, 
and a daughter of Dr. Roswell Sabin. By this union two children were born, viz. : Lucy C. 
and Charles S. Mrs. Hosier died February 3, 1883. Mr. Hosier is a Republican, and a mem- 
ber of the Richwood Methodist Church, of which his wife was also a consistent member when 
living. 

JOHN E. HOWE, of the firm of Loveless, Howe & Bishop, proprietors of the Richwood 
Woolen Mills, and dealers in wool, grain, hides, furs and staves, Richwood, Ohio, was born in 
Logan County, Ohio, September 26, 1845 ; he is a son of Julius and Ellen (Richardson) Howe, 
the former a native of Vermont and the latter of Ohio. His parents came to this State in 1830, 
and located on a farm in Logan County, where the subject of this sketch was reared. He re- 
mained on the farm until twelve years of age, when he began working at his present business 
for J. S. Loveless, with whom he worked four years, to learn the trade, receiving SPSO and 
three months schooling per year. He proved himself such a worthy apprentice that his 
employer took him as a partner, and with him carried on the business until recently, when the 
firm assumed its present proportions and style. Mr. Howe was 'married, in 1869, to Elizabeth 
Gum, a native of Logan County, Ohio, of English descent, and by her has had one child — 
George R. Mrs. Howe is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Howe is a Re- 
publican in politics. He is a successful business man, and owns a half-interest in 265 acres of 
land in Washington Township, which he has accumulated by his own efforts. 

EDWIN S. HUBBARD, Postmaster, Richwood, was born in Dutchess County, N. Y., April 
30, 1841, and is a son of Alexander and Mandane (Van Dusen) Hubbard, natives of Connecticut. 
His father was a lawyer by profession, and at one time occupied the office of High Sheriff of 
his county, in Connecticut. Our subject received a common school education, and early learned 
the trade of making cutlery, which he followed three years. He then learned carriage paint- 
ing and followed it twelve years, six of which were spent in Richwood. He afterward became 
Assistant Postmaster, and in 1876 was appointed Postmaster being re-appointed in 1881 by Presi- 
dent Garfield. On October 3, 1861, he enlisted as a private in Company D, Tenth Connecticut 
Infantry, and in 1863 was promoted to First Lieutenant for gallant conduct, and transferred to the 
Nineteenth Connecticut Heavy Artillery, with which he served until 1864, being again promoted to 



636 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

First Lieutenant. He was later detailed as Aid-de-Camp to Gen. R. S. McKinzie, with the rank of 
Assistant Adjutant General. He served in Burnside's expedition, at the battle of Roanoke Island, 
Newburg, Port Royal, Goldsboro, Whitehall, Spottsylvania and three last days of the Wilderness, 
Cold Harbor, Shenandoah Valley twice, Winchester, first and second assaults on Fort Sumter, 
in Sheridan's raid and many other important and hard-fought engagements. While in action 
at Cold Harbor, he had the visor of his cap torn off by a piece of rebel shell, but never 
suffered any injury of a serious nature. He was married in 1867 to Mary L. Hoover, 
daughter of Daniel and Ellen Hoover, and by herhashadtwo children — Effie and Vellie Maudane. 
Mrs. Hubbard and her eldest daughter are members of the Presbyterian Church, while Mr. 
Hubbard is a member of the Methodist Church. 

C. W^ HUFFMAN, dealer in pumps, and well-driver, Richwood, was born in Knox County, 
Ohio, August 18, 1840, and is a son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Stilley) Huffman, natives ol^ 
Pennsylvania, the former of German and the latter of English descent. He was raised on ttie 
farm until fourteen years of age, when his father died, and his mother moved to Columbus, 
where he attended the graded schools. He then worked for a lightning -rod company. In 1861, 
he enlisted in the Twenty-third Ohio Infantry, as color-bearer of Company G, and with his com- 
mand served in eigliteen well-fought battles. He was taken prisoner by the enemy, and suffered 
all the horrors of Andersonville Prison for six months, from the effects of which he will never re- 
cover. He was discharged in 1865, after fouryearsand three months' gallant service. In 1865, he 
married Lavina Moore, a native of Pennsylvania, by whom he has two children — Charles Henry 
and Matilda K. Mr. and Mrs. Huffman are members of the Methodist Protestant Church, in 
which Mr. Huffman has been a Steward, Treasui-er and Trustee. He is a Republican, and a 
member of the Lodge and Encampment of Odd Fellows, He engaged in his present business 
at Richwood in 1868. 

NELSON HURD, minister and farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born at Middlebury, Vt.. Sep- 
tember 5, 1816; he is a son of .lohn and Abigail (Lindsley) Hurd, natives of Vermont, of Eng- 
lish descent. His grandfather Hurd was a soldier in the Revolutionary waf, and was wounded 
at the battle of Bunker Hill. Our subject has been a resident of Ohio since one year of age, 
his parents having moved from Vermont in 1817. The whole journey was made in a wagon, 
the father going afoot, driving the cattle, and the mother driving the wagon, in which the children 
were placed. They settled in what is now known as Thompson Township, Delaware County, where 
our subject spent his youth. He was brought up on a farm, receiving a common school educa- 
tion, and followed the duties of the farm until he was thirty years of age. He has been a mem- 
ber of the Christian Church since sixteen years of age, and has been a minister of that denomi 
nation since he was thirty, for several years of that time devoting his time exclusively to the 
ministry. He has usually owned a farm,. which he conducted in connection with his ministerial 
work, and now owns twenty-two acres, on which he resides, while he officiates as pastor of the 
Glendale Church, which he organized. He was married in 1339 to ^Nliss Sylvia Decker, by whom 
he has three children — Zerah, a farmer in Nebraska; Sarah, wife of I. Taylor; and John, also a 
farmer in Nebraska. Mr. Hurd is a Republican in politics. 

J. C. IRWIN, tailor, Richwood. The paternal great-grandfather of the subject of this sketch 
emigrated to the northwest territory prior to the erection of Ohio as a State, and here raised a 
family of children. Jacob Sidle, the maternal grandfather, came to Union County over half a 
century ago, and located in Claibourne Township. Dr. Aaron J. Irwin, the father of our sub- 
ject, was of German extraction, and was brought up as a farmer. In early life, he evinced a de- 
sire to study medicine, and accordingly entered the office of Dr. Heaston, with whom he acquired 
his preparatory education. He afterward took three courses of lectures at Columbus, Cincinnati 
and Nashville, Tenn , and began the practice of his profession at Richwood. In 1863, he en- 
listed in the One Hundred and Second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, but was transferred to the 
Twenty-second Tennessee Mounted Infantry. He was appointed Assistant Surgeon of the regi- 
ment, and was subsequently promoted to Surgeon, but soon afterward was taken sick, and died 
at Paducah in 1864. In 1856, he married Martha, daughter of Jacob Sidle, and by her had one 
child — our subject. Mrs. Irwin died in 1866. The subject of this sketch was born at Rich- 
wood, Ohio, December 11, 1858, and received his education in the schools of his native village. 
He early learned the trade of a tailor, and for four years has been engaged in that business 
with W. H. Richard in Richwood. He is a Republican in politics, a member of the Knights of 
Pythias, and a member of Mt. Carmel Lodge, No. 303, F. & A. M. On February 5, 1883, he 
married Miss Anna Walters, a daughter of John and Anna AValters, of this county. 

A. J. JOHNSON, barber, Richwood, was born in Miami County, Ohio, December 4, 1846, 
and is a son of Aben C. and Anna Johnson, natives of Virginia, who emigrated to Miami Coun- 
ty about 1836, and were among the early settlers in that county. Our subject was raised on a 
farm, but not liking the occupation he began an apprenticeship at the barber's trade, when eight- 
een years of age, under Frank Brown, at West Milton, Ohio. At the expiration of one year, he 
began working as a journeyman barber, and in this capacity continued until 1870, when he 
opened a shop at North Lewisburg. In 1872, he came to Richwood, where he has since been in 
business. He has a shop containing three chairs, nicely equipped, on Main street, and is at all 
times assisted by thoroughly competent workmen. In 1873, he married Almeda F. Clark, at 



CLAIBOURNE TOAVNSHIP. 637 

Dayton, by whom he has two children— VVilbert A. and Edker W. He is Senior Steward of 
White Sulphur Lodge, F. & A. M, a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and a Repub- 
lican in politics. In 1864, he enlisted in Company D, Fifth United States Colored Troops, and 
was discharged at the close of the war. He owns a nice, dwelling in Richwoo:l,and is doing a 
thriving business. 

LEWIS JOLLIFF, farmer, P. 0. Rich wood, was born in Pennsylvania February 12, 1812 ; 
his parents were William and Catherine (Yager) Jollifif, natives of Ohio, the former of English 
and the latter of German descent. They emigrated to Ohio in an ox cart in 1817, and settled in 
Wayne County, afterward moving to Stark County, where both died. They had fifteen children, 
twelve of whom grew up, married and raised families. Our subject, who was the fifth child, grew 
up on the farm, inured to the hardships of all kinds and accustomed to hard and incessant labor. 
He had no educational advantages whatever, and knows but little about the English language, 
though perfectly familiar with German. He has spent his life in agricultural pursuits and has 
arisen step by step from a poor farm boy and renter to a well-to-do freeholder. He came to 
this county in 1836, purchased land and set to work clearing it for cultivation ; he now owns 
180 acres of good land, in the best order and well improved, in addition to his town property. 
In 1834, he married Catharine Swartz, by whom he had five children, viz.: AVashington, who 
enlisted in the army in 1861, was wounded, returned home and died; Eli, deceased; John, 
whose sketch appears in this work ; Isaac, and Barbara, deceased. Mrs. JoUiff was a member of 
the Methodist Protestant Church ; she died in 1855, and on December 10, 1856, Mr. Jolliff mar- 
ried Hannah Pennypacker, a daughter of Jacob and Sarah (Scofield) Pennypacker, the latter 
still surviving, aged eighty-four years. Mr. and Mrs. Jolliff are members the Methodist Prot- 
estant Church at Richwood. Though Mr. JolliflF has survived the allotted time of man, he has 
full possession of all his faculties and is remarkably hale for one of his years. He tells many 
interesting anecdotes of early Ohio, and of life in a new country ; of adventures with wild ani- 
mals and escapes from other dangers ; and of being lost in the woods when hunting his cows. 
Many pages of reminiscences could be called from the memory of this old pioneer, had we space 
for-their production. 

JOHN JOLLIFF, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Holmes County, Ohio, August 7, 
1844, and was a son of Lewis and Catherine (Swartz) Jolliff, natives of Ohio, of Dutch descent. 
He was reared on a farm, receiving a common school education, and early adopted the occupa- 
tion of a farmer, which he has since followed successfully, now owning a good and well-im- 
proved farm. In 1862, he enlisted in Company A, One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volun- 
teer Infantry, as a non-commissioned ofBcer ; was with his command in twenty-six hard-fought 
battles, and was wounded at the battle of Peach Tree Creek, Ky. He was discharged in 1865 at 
the close of the war. In 1865, he married Mary Sidle, a daughter of J. C. Sidle, and by her 
has had seven children, viz.: Sarah E., Isaac G., John D., William T. S., Martha A., 
Eva C. and Charles E. The parents are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which 
he has been steward. He is a Republican in politics. 

DR. E. Y. KING, physician, Richwood, Ohio, was born in Holmes County, Ohio, August 80, 
1836, and is a son of John and Mary Ann (McClain) King, natives of Pennsylvania, the former 
of German and the latter of Scotch descent. His father was a dry goods merchant, and in 1830 
emigrated from Pennsylvania, with his family, to Holmes County, Ohio. The subject of this 
sketch received a good common school education in the high school of Fayette County, Penn., 
and in 1859 entered the medical department of the State University at Ann Arbor, Mich.; but 
not being satisfied with the knowledge obtained in his course at that institution, he entered the 
Medical College at Bellevue, New York, in 1864, and graduated from it in the same year. Aftei^ 
leaving college, he enlisted in the Twenty-third Ohio Infantry and served as Assistant Surgeon 
until the close of the war. In 1866, he located at Richwood, then a village of about fifty houses, and 
immediately began the practice of his profession, which he has since carried on with flattering 
success. He entered upon the practice here under very adverse circumstances, when the roads 
in the surrounding country were so poor as to require him to go on foot to see his patients, but 
by his indefatigable energy he has overcome all obstacles and now stands at the head of his pro- 
fession in the village. He is the oldest practitioner in Richwood, and has a large and lucrative 
practice, which he is still actively engaged in attending. He was married in 1862 to Elizabeth 
Rogers, a native of Knox County, Ohio, and a daughter of James Rogers. This union has been 
blessed with one child — Charles E., now a clerk in a hardware store in Delaware, Ohio. Mrs. 
King is a member of the Presbyterian Church. The Doctor is a member of the Methodist 
Episcopal Church ; he takes an active interest in educational matters, and has served as a mem- 
ber of the Board of Education at Richwood, and has had some town office during most of the 
time of his residence here. 

ISRAEL KINNEY, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, January 
8, 1824; he is a son of Thomas J. and Nancy (Biggs) Kinney, natives of Pennsylvania, who 
emigrated to Ohio in 1808, and settled in Muskingum County. His great-grandparents, Thomas 
and Anna Kinney, were residents of New Jersey, and came to Ohio with the family in the above 
year; the former lived to reach eighty-nine years of age, and the latter ninety-two. The an- 
cestors, as far back as known, were tillers of the soil. Our subject was raised to farm life, but, 



638 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

in his younger days, taught school, i-eceiving his first certificate in 1845. During one winter, 
he taught in the same township with the late President .James A. Garfield, with whom, however, 
he had only a slight acquaintance. He heard that such a man had been employed in a neighbor- 
ing disti'ict, but, when he met him, saw nothing in him to indicate the force of character, noble 
nature or sound judgment that afterward endeared this man to the hearts of the people. Mr. 
Kinney continued teaching during the winter seasons, for sixteen years — farming in the sum- 
mer. In 1851, he married .Jane W. Monlux, by whom he had three children, viz. : Mary, wife 
of George 0. Fisher; Thomas F., who married Maggie Maskill, and died in 1879, and W. W. 
The latter was born in Claibourne Township December 24, 1857 ; received a common school 
education and has followed farming for life. He was married, October 7, 1879, to Ella, daughter 
of John Maskill, of Richwood, and by her has one child — Clarence. She is a member of M. P. 
Church. Mr. Kinney is a Republican in politics. Our subject lost his wife in 1860, and on 
February 3, 1861, he married Mary J. Snedeker, who died in 1865, without issue. On Decem- 
ber 1, 1866, he married Mrs. Sylvia Hurdle, who was a widow with one child at the time of her 
marriage to Mr. Kinney. The latter union has been blessed with one child, C. E., now thirteen 
years of age. Mr. and Mrs. Kinney are members of the M. P. Church, in which he has been a 
Deacon, Trustee and Superintendent of Sabbath school. He was a Democrat until the discussion 
of the Missouri Compromise, when he became a Republican, but latterly, he is a Prohibitionist. 
He came to this township in 1845, and now owns a farm of 270 acres, one of the best in the 
county. 

ELIAS KYLE, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, October 19, 
1840; he is a son of .James and Elizabeth (Boyd) Kyle, natives of Delaware County, the former 
of Irish, and the latter of Dutch descent. Our subject was raised and educated as a fapmer, 
and has followed that occupation through life, with success. He owns 137 acres of good land 
three and a half miles southwest of Richwood, to which he moved from Delaware County in 
1876, and on which he still resides. He is also a carpenter, and able to do almost any kind of 
woodwork. In 1861, he enlisted in Company E, Sixty-sixth Ohio, Capt. Buxton, and, with his 
command, took part in sixteen hotly contested battles. At Savannah, he was dangerously 
wounded in the neck by a minie ball, which broke his under jaw bone and tore away fully two 
inches of the bone. His life was despaired of, and his wound was dressed only at the ear- 
nest solicitation of his friends, as the Surgeon thought it a waste of valuable time to " tie up the 
wounds of dying men." At another time, he had a furrow plowed along the top of his head 
by a ball that just grazed the skull, felling him to the earth, where he lay unconscious, and tear- 
ing away a part of his hair, which he keeps, having recovered it, for a memento. After the 
war, he returned home, and resumed his peaceful avocations. In 1866, he married Ellen- J. 
Jones, a daughter of David L. Jones, and a native of Ohio. They have two children — Laura E. 
and Lucy M. Mr. Kyle is a member of the Baptist Church, and Mrs. Kyle of the Congrega- 
tional. He is a Republican, and a prominent member of Rising Sun Lodge, K. P. 

JOHN LAKE, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, September 10, 
1848 ; he is the son of Lewis and Hannah (Ilurd) Lake, the former a native of New York and 
the latter of Vermont, both of English descent. The father was a merchant in Delaware and 
Richwood, and a farmer. Our subject was reared on a farm and educated in the common 
schools of Delaware County. He early chose the occupation of a farmer, and in it has been very 
successful, now owning 110 acres of good and well-improved land. He was married, October 
18, 1873, to Ella M. Biddle, daughter of Richard Biddle, her parents being natives of Wales. By 
this union three children were born, viz.: Charles F., Mary E. and Lewis J. Mr. Lake is a 
Republican in politics, and he and his wife are members of the Christian Church. He is also 
a member of the K. P. and I. O. 0. F. societies. In 1861, he enlisted in Company I, Eighty- 
second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of the war. He was wounded at 
Chancellorsville, Va., and was also made prisoner, but paroled. He came to Union County in 
1881, and settled one and one-quarter miles north of Richwood. 

JOHN LANDON, merchant, Richwood, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, November 25, 
1838. His grandfather, Cyre Landon, was a Pennsylvanian, who, with his family, came to Ohio 
in 1821, and located in Marion County. James Landon, the father of our subject, married 
Rebecca Cochran, and was a life-long farmer in Marion and Delaware Counties. Our subject 
was brought up in Delaware County, receiving the advantage of a district school education, and 
in school, as on the farm, he was characterized by his industrious habits. He followed farming 
until 1863, when, finding a farmer's life not congenial to his taste, he engaged as a clerk in a 
hardware store iu Marion for one year, since which time he has been engaged in mercantile pur- 
suits. When he concluded to go into business, he entered the store of Mr. Kling at Marion, to 
learn the methods of mercantile business, and proved himself to be an apt scholar. In 1864, he 
began business in Richwood, with a capital of $300, and from that small start he has risen, step 
by step, through his industry and perseverance, until now he occupies a place in the front rank 
of the substantial business men of the county. He employs a large number of assistants, who 
are under perfect discipline, and has the duties of the store systematized to a degree seldom seen 
except in the largest metropolitan establishments. In fact, the arrangement and display of his 
stock cannot be bettered. He is a thorough advertiser, and for years did his owu advertising. 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 641 

preparing his circulars at night and having them scattered broadcast in the morning, offer- 
ing inducements that would flock his store with customers. By offering special inducements to 
farmers for their produce, he succeeded in abolishing the huckster trade in a circuit of several 
miles around the town, much to the satisfaction of the people and other merchants. He was the 
first merchant to ship goods to the town by rail. In 1867, he married Abbie Gast, daughter of 
Christian Gast, the founder of the village of Prospect, Marion Co., Ohio. By this marriage, one 
child was born, viz., Eddie B. The family are all members of the Presbyterian Church, in which 
Mr. Langdon has been an Elder and Sabbath School Superintendent. He is a Republican in 
politics. 

.JAMES H. LANGSTAFF, deceased, was born in New Jersey March 4, 1809, and died in 
Claibourne Township in 1869. When nine years of age, he came to Ohio with his father, who 
was a farmer, and in 1833 he came to Claibourne Township, where he resided until his death, 
at that time owning 350 acres of land. He was a prominent and influential citizen, a member 
and class leader of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and a successful farmer. He had a family 
of nine children, viz.: Lana A., widow of the late Nelson McCallister, a member of Company C, 
One Hundred and Seventy- Fourth Ohio Infantry, who died in the service; A«a, a farmer in this 
township: Lemuel, also a farmer; Margaret, wife of Calvin Rictiards; Lamanda; Martha, wife of 
Isaac Stafer ; William, Kendrick ; and Oscar, deceased. The survivors are all married and doing 
well. Two sons, Lemuel and Asa, were in the Union army during the war of the rebellion. Mrs. 
Catharine Langstaff, the widow of our subject, is a prominent member of the Methodist Episco- 
pal Church, and now resides in Richwood. 

ASA LANGSTAFF, farmer and stock-raiser, P. 0. Richwood, is a son of J. H. and Cather- 
ine (Dixon) Langstaff. the former a native of New York, and the latter of Virginia. They came 
to Ohio, and settled in Union County. His father was a wealthy and successful farmer, and 
owned about 400 acres of land in this county. Our subject was born May 24, 1836, and was raised 
on a farm, receiving his education in the district schools. He has been a farmer and stock dealer 
nearly all his life, and raises cattle that rank high in the grade of stock cattle, some of them hav- 
ing taken several premiums at the fairs. He owns 200 acres of land, well stocked and thoroughly 
equipped, and a herd of the best short-horn cattle in this section. He was married, in 1858, to 
Hannah Lockhart, a native of New York, by whom he has four children, viz.: Marshal!, James 
C, Lawrence and Minnie. Mrs. Langstaff is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. 
Langstaff is a Republican in politics, and has been Trustee of his township. In 1864, he enlisted 
in the One Hundred and Seventy-Fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Capt. Robb, of Marysville, 
and served with that company. 

J. K. LANGSTAFF, farmer, P. 0. Richmond, was born in Leesburg Township, this county, 
March 5, 1858, and is a son of James IL and Catherine fDixon) Langstaff, whose biography ap- 
pears in this work. He received a good English education, which was perfected in the college 
at Granville, Ohio, and has adopted the occupation ot a farmer. He was married, December 1, 
1881, to Miss Sarah Watson, a daughter of A.* and Eve (Phillips) Watson, residents of Richwood, 
where the former is engaged as a photographer. Mr. Langstaff is a Republican in politics, and 
a prominent member of Odd Fellows Lodge, No. 443, at Richwood. Though young in years, he 
is a practical farmer, and is cultivating his land in the most approved manner. 

ELMUS W. LANGSTAFF, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio 
January 24, 1831. He is a son of Asa L. and Laney (Boylan) Langstaff, natives of New Jersey 
of English and Irish descent. His father, who was a shoe-maker by trade, came to Ohio in 1815, 
and in the latter part of his life engaged in farming. Our subject has chosen farming for a life, 
occupation, and in it has met with success, having accumulated fifty acres of good land in this 
township. In 1850, he married Eliza J. Norman, a daughter of Thomas and Sarah (Taylor) 
Norman. They have six children — Laney A., Millard F., Emma C, Ida May, Judsonand John E. 
[n 1865, Mr. Langstaff enlisted in Company E. One Hundred and Ninety-First Ohio Volunteer 
Infantry, and was discharged at the close of the war. His son Millard is one of the owners of 
the Magnetic Springs summer resorts. 

ZERAH LINSLY, retired farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Vermont August 8, 1808 ; 
he is a son of Simeon and Rutilla (Benedick) Linsly, natives of Vermont, of English descent. 
His father was a Revolutionary soldier, and a farmer by occupation. Our subject received an 
ordinary education, and in 1820, came to Ohio with his parents, settling in Delaware County. 
In 1828, he came to Union County, where he has spent the rem.ainder of his life. In 1828, he 
married Miss Parmela Waters, by whom he had six children, three boys and three girls, five of 
whom are living, all married and well to do. Mrs. Linsly died in 1864, and in 1878 Mr Lins- 
ly married Mrs. Phebe (Rose) Beem, a widow lady, who had ten children by her first husband. 
Mr. and Mrs. Linsly are members of the Christian Church, and Mr. Linsly has been a Deacon 
in the church over half a century. He is a Democrat, in politics, and during his residence in 
Delaware County served as Assessor and Justice of the Peace. He has retired from active life 
and is spending his remaining years in peace and comfort at his home in Richwood. 

THOMAS S. LOVELESS, senior member of the firm of Loveless, Howe & Bishop, proprie- 
tors of the Richwood Woolen Mills, and dealers in wool, grain, hides, furs and staves, Richwood, 
Ohio, was born in the Empire State May 25, 1821 ; he is a son of Thomas and Sarah (Sprowls) 

34 



642 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Loveless, the former of English, and the latter of German descent. His parents emigrated to 
Ohio in 1832, and settled near Akron. Our subject received a common school education, and 
remained with his parents on the farm until sixteen years of age, when he began learning the 
manufacture of woolen, in which he was engaged ten years. He then commenced the business 
at East Liberty, Ohio, in 1846, and remained fourteen years. In 1869, he came to Richwood 
and started the Richwood Woolen Mills, in which he has been since engaged. In 1849, he mar- 
ried Miss Miranda James, who was born in Logan County, Ohio, December 3, 1830 ; she is a 
daughter of Thomas .James. Her parents were members of the Society of Friends, and of En- 
glish descent. To this union two children were born, viz.: E. 0., a jeweler in Delaware, Ohio, 
and Jennie, wife of S. W. Van Winkle, a lawyer of Richwood. Mr. Loveless has been in busi- 
ness all his life, has never been sued, and has made what he now owns by his own exertions. 

J. P. MARRIOTT, farmer and stockman, Richwood, was born in Licking County, Ohio, 
August 16, 1832 ; he is the son of Henry T. and Rebecca (Penn) Marriott, natives of Maryland,, 
of English descent. His father was born May 9, 1807, and was a son of William and Edith 
(Waters) Marriott, natives of Maryland, who came to Ohio in 1825, and settled in Licking 
County, where they remained a short time, and then moved to Knox County, where both died. 
Henry T. married Rebecca Penn, who was born September 29, 1807, and with her moved to 
Claibourne Township, in 1845, buying land near Richwood, about thirty acres of which has 
since been sold oiF in town lots. He died in 1875. He raised a family of ten children, eight 
boys and two girls; seven of the children now living, six boys and one girl. They are all shrewd 
business men, but they have been only moderately successful. They are all residents of Clai- 
bourne Township, and all the male members of the family are rather small in stature, except our 
subject, who is above the average height. He was reared on the farm, and has made farming, 
his life occupation, now owning a well-improved farm near Richwood, on which he resides. In 
1855, he married Theoba Farrier, by whom he had one child — Eliza, now the wife of William 
Feet, of Delaware County. Mrs. Marriott died in 1863, and, in 1865, Mr. Marriott married 
Sisson Fisher; she is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Richwood. Mr. Marriott. 
IS a Republican in politics. 

FRANK A. MARTIN, of the firm of Martin & Wynkoop, dealers in lumber, shingles, doors, 
blinds and lath, and proprietors of the Richwood Saw Mill, Richwood, Ohio, was born in Knox. 
County, Ohio, May 22, 1848; he is a son of George R. and Agnes (Shipley) Martin, the former 
a native of Ohio, of Irish descent, and the latter a native of Pennsylvania, of English descent. 
His father was a carpenter by trade, and also owned and operated a saw mill. Our subject 
spent his early life in school, in the saw mill and on the farm. He has been successful in busi- 
ness, and owns a fine farm of 116 acres in Claibourne Township. He came to Union County in 
1874, and, in 1881, embarked in business in Richwood with his present partner. He was mar- 
ried, in 1870, to Amanda C. Morton, a native of Knox County, Ohio, by whom he has two chil- 
dren — Anna May and Ray M. He is a steady, industrious man, and has made his way in the 
world by his own individual eflorts. He is a Republican in politics. 

JOHN M. l\[x\RTIN, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born at Mt. Vernon, Knox County, Ohio, 
July 31, 1828. His father, Jacob Martin was born in Pennsylvania in 1799, and died in Ohio 
in 1870. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, and by occupation a cabinet-maker and carpen- 
ter, but in the latter part of his life he followed carpentering, house-joining and farming. He 
was married at Mt. Vernon to Ann J. Adams, who was born in Virginia in 1800, and died in 
Ohio in 1881. Our subject was raised on a farm and has made farming the occupation of his 
life. He came to this county in 1864, and now owns a farm of 116 acres in Claibourne Town- 
ship. He was married in 1859 to Martha J. Marquis, who was born in this State August 18, 
1833; she is a daughter of William and Elizabeth Marquis. The former died in 1877, aged 
seventy nine years, and the latter still lives, in her eighty-first year. Mr. and Mrs. Martin have 
had three children — Lizzie, Anna and John D. Mr. Martin is a Democrat in politics, and one of 
the Trustees of the Township. 

JOHN MASKILL, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Clark County, Ohio, December 5, 
1822; he is a son of Robert and Isabella (Middleton) Maskill, natives of Yorkshire, England. 
They came to America in 1818, and settled in Springfield, Ohio, where they resided until 1832, 
when they came to Union County. They raised a family of seven children. Our subject was 
raised on a farm and has devoted his whole life to farming, now being the owner of 175 acres of 
land in Leesburg Township. He was married in 1850 to Adeline Wells, a daughter of James 
Wells, who came to Union County in 1834. By this marriage, nine children were born, all girls, 
of whom six now survive, viz.: Elizabeth, wife of William Styres ; Isabella, wife of George W. 
Jolliff ; Harriett, wife of S. B. Taylor; Charlotte, wife of E. Freeman; Ella, wife of W. Kinney ; 
and Mattie, wife of James JolliflF. Mr. and Mrs. Maskill are members of the Methodist Episcoiml 
Church, and he is Secretary of the Sunday school. He cast his first vote for Taylor, but is now 
a Republican. He has a nice property in Richwood, where he now resides, in addition to his 
farm in Leesburg Township. 

FRANCIS M. McADAMS, gardener, Richwood, Ohio. John McAdams, Sr., and Catherine 
Stewart were married in Pennsylvannia, of which State they were natives, about the year 1797 ; 
coming to Ohio in 1804 or 1805, they settled in Champaign County, near the present site of 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 643 

Kingston, where they lived to the end of their days, he dying June 16, 1839, in his eighty-fifth 
year, she dying March 26, 1839, in her eighty-second year. Their ofltspring were Isaac, born 
1798, died 1869 ; Samuel, born 1800, died 1832 (was killed by a fall from a horse); Elenor 
(Dillon), born 1803, died 1865; Nancy (Spain), born 1806; John, born 1808, died 1866; Archi- 
bald, born 1812, died 1845 ; William, born 1814. Both the paternal and maternal ancestry were 
of Scottish descent, but about all that is known of the family tree is what is above stated. The 
elder McAdams was a large, muscular man, fitted for the pioneer days in which he lived. He 
was fond of the sports of the chase, and usually kept about him the fleetest dogs and horses in 
the country. He served his township as Justice of the Peace for a series of years, and was 
prominent in the public affairs of his county. He served in the war of 1812 in the capacity of 
a scout. He was a great story-teller, and had a foot nearly double the ordinary size. John Mc- 
Adams, Jr., and Rachel Graham were married by Peter Igou .January 21, 1829. The Grahams 
were of Irish descent. To them were born Ellen, Eliza J., Samuel, Melona, Francis M., Mary 
A., Harriet and Ruth. These all grew to mature years and married. Francis Marion, the sub- 
ject of this sketch, is the youngest son, and sixth child of the family. He was born near the 
head-waters of Treakle's Creek, in Union Township, Champaign County, Ohio, October 13, 1838. 
He spent the years of his minority on the farm where he was born, and assisted materially in 
bringing up the family, giving some attention to school during the winter season, thereby ob- 
taining more than an ordinary common school education, and in later years became an efficient 
teacher. July 17, 1861, he married Susannah M., the second daughter and fourth child of War- 
ren and Susannah Freeman, of Goshen Township, Champaign County. The Freemans were from 
Ontario County, N. Y. Mrs. McAdams was born July 17, 1843. To this marriage have been 
born nine children, all of whom are still living, to wit : Charles Francis, born September 5, 
1862; Janet Gertrude, born June 12, 1866 ; Laura Eliza, born April 5, 1868 ; Eva Marie, born 
May 6, 1869 ; Carrie Amelia, born April 15, 1871 ; Lydia Catherine, born May 9, 1873 ; Susie 
May, born February 16, 1875 ; Howard Deuel, born August 8, 1880; Ralph Thomas, born Sep- 
tember 25, 1882. August 15, 1862, he enlisted in Company E, One Hundred and Thirteenth 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served as a private some months, when he was promoted to a non- 
commissioned officer, and at his muster out was Second Sergeant of his company. His regiment 
campaigned in Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia and the Carolinas, sharing the well-fought 
fields of Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Kenesaw, Bentonville and other lesser engagements. 
After the close of the war, our subject was selected by his regimental comrades to write the his- 
tory of the command, a duty for which experience as a writer and the possession of a vast 
amount of the necessary data, made him particularly qualified. His writings found in the 
histories of Champaign, Clark and Fayette Counties, to which he contributed largely, attest his 
ability as a writer. From 1865 to 1870, he sold general merchandise in the village of Mutual ; 
then he became a resident of Mingo, and resumed the same business, continuing for several 
years. After residing at Mingo nearly twelve years, during which time he was twice elected 
Justice of the Peace, besides serving the public in other capacities, he purchased property in 
the north suburbs of Richwood, and November 10, 1881, came to that village, having in view the 
business of gardening. Mr. McAdams takes an active interest in public aflFairs, speaks his 
stntiments openly, scans public men and public measures carefully, and votes the Republican 
ticket continually. He and his wife and the adult members of the family are members of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. 

NELSON McAllister (deceased) was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, December 4, 
1827, and was a son of John and Mary (Grayton) McAllister, who were among the pioneers of 
Union County. Our subject grew upon the farm, with no educational privileges, except three 
months' attendance at a school which was taught in his father's corn-crib. He was a farmer, and 
followed that occupation until the rebellion, when he enlisted in Company E, Seventy-fourth 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and died in 1865. He was a brave and faithful soldier, a kind and 
indulgent father and an affectionate husband. He was married January 16, 1850, to Lany A., 
daughter of James H. Langstaff, whose sketch appears in this work. They had four children, viz.: 
Olintha E., born January 29, 1851 ; Luther E., born May 21, 1854; Cassius R., born March 24, 
1856; Ida v., born October 18, 1861. Mr. McAllister was a Republican in politics. He owned 
125 acres of land which his family has improved and increased to 350 acres. At the death of her 
husband Mrs. McAllister assumed the management of the farm affairs and under her every- 
thing has prospered. 

R. T. McMILLIN, retired farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, 
June 4, 1818 ; he is a son of Robert and Nancy A. (Mitchell) McMillin, natives of Pennsyl- 
vania, of Irish descent. The former was a commissioned officer in the war of 1812. Our sub- 
ject is a farmer by occupation, as was his father and grandfather, and he has been successful in 
all of his farm operations. He opened and improved his present place of residence and on it 
has raised a family of children, who are all well-to-do citizens of the county. He is a liberal, 
high-minded gentleman, and speaks his opinions openly and freely, without regard to the feelings 
of others. He was married in 1839 to Margaret A. Moore, a native of Belmont County, Ohio, 
born in 1820, and a daughter of Samuel Moore, a prominent farmer of that county. By this 
union eight children have been born, viz.: Rachel A., wife of J. B. Thompson ; Robert G., wh& 



644 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

was born in Harrison County, Ohio, October 4, 1847, and, having received a limited education, 
has devoted his life to the farm ; he was married in 1874 to Mary Ellen CofFman, who was born 
in this State October 1. 1849 ; she is a daughter of Samuel and Ellen (Thompson) CofiFman, of 
English descent. By this marriage two children were born — David B. and Matilda. The third 
child, Andrew, was born in Harrison County in 1850, and in 1880 married Amanda Hedge, a 
dauo-hter of Absalom Hedge ; she was born in Union County in 1856. They have one child — 
Nettie May. He has been a life-long farmer and now owns fifty-five acres of land. The fourth 
child, Margaret J., is the wife of A. C. Staneard. The fifth, Mary M., is the wife of James 
Trimble. The sixth, John, is at home. The seventh, Martha, is the wife of J. D. Powell, and 
the eighth is Amos, who lives at home. Mr. and Mrs. McMillin are members of the Presby- 
terian Cflurch, in which he is an active member and has been a Trustee. He is a Democrat in 
politics and a firm friend of education, having been a School Director twenty years. He has 
recently retired from the active labor of the farm and in his latter days is enjoying the rest he 
so well merits. 

P. R. MILLS, Superintendent Public Schools, Richwood, was born at Reynoldsburg, Franklin 
County, Ohio, August "23, 1850; he is a son of Nelson T. and Eleanor (Rhoads) Mills, the former 
oative of Pennsylvania and the latter of Ohio. His father was a saddler by trade, and came to 
Ohio in 1830. His mother died when he was but six months of age. He was educated prin- 
cipally at the Reynoldsburg Union Academy, from which he graduated in 1874. During the 
winters of six years previous to his graduation, he taught school to obtain the means necessary 
for completing his education. After leaving the academy, he taught at ^Etna, Licking County, 
Ohio, one year; Pataskala, one year, and Canal Winchester three years, resigning his position at 
the latter place on account of ill health. He afterward accepted the position of Superintendent 
of the South Grammar School at Lancaster, Ohio, which he resigned one year later to assume 
the duties of his present charge. Since leaving school, his entire time has been devoted to the 
public schools, both in self-education and management, and his vacations are spent in visiting 
metropolitan and other schools, to obtain ideas for the better management of his own school. 
His success as a Superintendent is partly due to a meeting of his teachers, which he holds each 
week with some definite object in view. One year ago he engaged, with marked and promising 
success, in conducting a teachers' normal school during the summer vacation. In the fall of 
1882, he was instrumental in organizing a lecture association that has given Richwood a higher 
order of lectures, and has enabled the people to enjoy entertainments that would otherwise have 
been denied them. In 1874, he married Zoda Howard, a daughter of William and Mary J. 
(Reynolds) Howard, and a native of Reynoldsburg. By this union two children have been 
born, viz., Glennie and Bertha. Mr. Mills is a member of the Odd Fellows society, and he and 
his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

W. C. MOORE, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Hamilton County, Penn., Octo- 
ber 11, 1806 ; he is the son of Christian and Ann Moore, the former a native of Maryland, of 
German descent, and the latter a native of Pennsylvania, of Welsh descent. Our subject was 
reared on his father's farm, and early adopted the occupation of a farmer. After reaching his 
majority, he attended school 100 days, which was the most schooling he ever had. He is now 
the owner of 125 acres of good land, which he has made by his own industry, having worked 
himself up from a penniless young man to a well-to-do freeholder. He was married, January 
28, 1828, to Anna Long, a native of Pennsylvania, of Dutch descent, and a daughter of Ben- 
jamin Long. After their marriage, he emigrated to Licking County, Ohio, and followed fai-ming 
until 1854, when he purchased the farm on which he now resides. Mr. and Mrs. Moore have 
had the following children: John, born December 11, 1830, now farming in this township; 
Ellen, born August 10, 1832; Thomas (deceased), born August 22, 1834; James, born Novem- 
ber 15, 1841, and now farming in Jackson Township ; W. W., born August 1, 1849; and Henry, 
born August 21, 1853. The family are all members of the Methodist Episcopal Church; Mr. 
Moore has been a member sixty years, and for forty years has been a class leader and eight 
years Superintendent of the Sunday school. Mr. Moore is a Republican in politics. Thomas, 
the third son, lost his life in the service of his country. 

DAVID MURPHEY, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, the fourth child of nine children, born to 
Joseph and Rebecca (Geer) Muiphey, was born April 2, 1829. His pkrents, who were natives 
of Pennsylvania, came to Union County in 1834, and settled in Claibourne Township, where his 
father died in 1836. His mother was born in 1800 and is still living. Our subject was raised 
as a farmer, but has spent most of life at the carpenter's trade. In 1858, he married Mary 
Ellen Cooksey, a native of Virginia, of Irish descent, and a daughter of Simpson Cooksey. By 
this union, six children have been born, viz.: Frances, Jennie E., Rebecca Ellen, Minnie 
Ophelia, Wealthy Ann and George W. The parents are both members of the Methodist Episco- 
pal Church. Mr. Murphey is a Democrat in politics. The family reside on fifty-six acres of 
land belonging to Mrs. Murphey. 

LEMUEL MYERS, retired farmer, P. 0. Richwood, is a son of Henry and Rebecca (Stone) 
Myers, natives of Virginia, the former of German and the latter of English descent. They 
emigrated to Ohio in 1810, and located in Licking County, where they spent their lives, both 
dying at the age of oighty-iwo years, on the farm where our subject was born and reared. They 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. , 645 

raised a family of nine children, five boys and four girls. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Licking County, January 1, 1816, and was raised on a farm, receiving but a meager educa- 
tion. From the age of fifteen years until he was forty-five, he followed farming, and in winter 
taught singing school. He has been a student of music all his life, and for forty years has sang 
in a church choir. He is a large, powerful man, of the old pioneer type, and well remembers 
the time when roads — even mud roads — were scarce, and log rollings of frequent occurrence. 
He has helped to carry logs every day, Sunday excepted, for three weeks at a time, and was 
never known to shun his place at the handspike. He has always been a strong temperance man, 
and is now an advocate of prohibition. Of a peaceable nature, he shuns quarrels and was never 
known to be engaged in a fight, although amply able to take care of himself, if assailed. In 
1842, he was appointed Captain of a company of militia, and was afterward promoted to the 
rank of Major. He came to Ohio in 1842, and during his residence here has served as Infirm- 
ary Director and Trustee of Claibourne Township. He has recently given up active life and re, 
tired to a neat and substantial home in Richwood, which, with the adjoining farm of 110 acres 
he owns. He was married, July 1, 1837, to Elenora Gill, a native of Maryland, of English de" 
scent, by whom he had eleven children, seven now living. The parents are both members of the 
Methodist Protestant Church. Mr. Myers was a Democrat until 1861, after which he was a 
Republican until he became a Prohibitionist. He had three sons in the rebellion — William S. 
and 0. S. in the One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and Henry in the One 
Hundred and Eighty-second. 

A. K. NEER, dealer in produce, Richwood, was born in Clark County, Ohio, January 31, 
1859, and is a son of Joseph C. and Dorotha Ellen (Smith) Neer, natives of Clark County, of 
English descent. His father was a prominent farmer and an extensive stock dealer for years in 
Clark County, and still resides on his farm in that county, devoting his entire time to agricult- 
ural pursuits. His farm consists of 170 acres of fine land, thoroughly improved and under a 
high state of cultivation. Our subject received a common school education, and remained on the 
farm until twenty-one years of age, since which time he has been in the employ of Edward 
Thomas &-Co., wholesale dealers in butter, eggs and poultry, whose headquarters are at Urbana. 
They have branch establishments at Richwood, Marysville and New Bremen, the former being 
under the control of our subject, who is thoroughly conversant with all branches of the business. 
He was married, January 28, 1883, to Mary 0. Ayers, a native of Morrow County, Ohio, and a 
daughter of Lyman N. and Harriet (Truesdale) Ayers. Mr. Neer is a Republican in politics ; 
he is also Superintendent of the Baptist Sabbath school. 

JOHN OGAN, Village Marshal of Richwood, was born in Allen County, Ohio, May 31, 
1846, and is a son of Peter and Caroline (Vertner) Ogan. the former a native of Virginia, of 
English descent, and the latter a native of Kentucky, of ^German descent. His father came to 
Ohio in 1830, and settled on a farm in- Putnam County. Our subject received the educational 
advantages usually aflForded to boys on a farm, and chose farming for his occupation, beginning 
life for himself with nothing. He has been a trader all his life, has dealt largely in farm lands, 
and for two years in horses, with Solomon Walker, and has been very successful in all his 
operations. During the rebellion, he offered himself for service seven times before he was 
accepted, but finally enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Ninety-eighth Regiment Ohio 
Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of the war. He is now Second Lieutenant of the 
Gibson Guards, Ohio Militia, of Richwood. In 1880, he came to Richwood and engaged in the 
livery business with H. J. Perry, but has since rliscontinued that and is nosv officiating as Mar- 
shal of Richwood. He is a man of great physical ability, very determined, but cool in judgment, 
and an excellent officer, of whom the violators of the peace have a wholesome fear. He is a 
member of the Lodge and Encampment of Odd Fellows and of the Knights of Pythias, and a Re- 
publican in politics. He has made his way in the world unaided, has no debts to incumber him, 
and owns eighty-five acres of good land. In 1871, he married Rebecca M. Sterling, daughter of 
David Sterling, of York Township, and by her has one child — David E., born October 8, 1874. 
Mr!?. Ogan is a member of the Presbyterian Church of Richwood. 

JOSEPH PARISH, fixrmer, P. 0. Richwood, is a native of New Jersey, and a son of William 
and Margaret (Bingham) Parish, the former a native of England, and the latter of Germany. 
His father, who was a school teacher and artist, came to Ohio more than half a century ago and 
settled near Zanesville, where he spent the remainder of his life farming. Our subject was 
raised on the farm, receiving a limited education, and has devoted most of his life to agricultural 
pursuits. He now owns a farm of 140 acres, and has given his children eighty acres. He was 
married October 30, 1838, to Keziah Ramey. Her parents were Virginians, of German descent, 
and her father was a Captain in the war of 1812. By her marriage, she has had six children, 
viz.: William A.; Daniel; Elizabeth, wife of James Moore; Frances Ellen, wife of D. F. Carr ; 
Joseph; and Louise, wife of Perry Barker. The parents are members of the Methodist Church, 
in which he has been a steward and trustee. He is a Republican in politics. He had two sons 
in the Union army, and both were taken prisoners. 

WALTER SCOTT PARK, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Crawford County, Ohio, 
March 20, 1834 ; he is a son of Thomas and Sugannah (Marquis) Park, natives of Ohio, of Scotch- 
Irish descent. They came to.Ohio at an early day and settled on a farm, where the father died 



(346 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

in 1845. The mother died in 1882. Our subject was raised and educated as a farmer, and has 
devoted the whole of his life to that occupation. In 1860, he married Lydia Bretz, a native of 
Ohio, of Dutch descent. She has a farm of 100 acres, on vs'hich they reside. They have four 
children, viz.: Ida May, Oscar V., Deborah A. and .John M. Mr. and Mrs. Park are members 
of the Presbyterian Church, in vyhich they are active and zealous workers. Mr. Park taught 
district school for a time in his younger days, but since 1867, when he came to this county, he 
has been engaged in farming. He is a Democrat in politics. 

D. F. PARSONS, proprietor of the Commercial Hotel, Richwood. was born in the State of 
Maine June 20, 1834; he is a son of Charles and Martha (Pernel) Parsons, natives of Maine, 
the former of English and the latter of Scotch descent. His father was a cabinet-maker by 
trade. Our subject received a common school education, and at the age of seventeen began 
working at cabinet-making, which he followed during his residence in his native State. After 
coming to Ohio, he engaged in merchandising, and resided in Knox County until 1864, when he 
came to Richwood, and for nine years engaged in the furniture business. He also dealt in dry 
goods in connection with his furniture trade. In 1879, he opened the Commercial Hotel, a neat 
and commodious building, three stories high, containing twenty-five rooms, a large and well fur- 
nished dining room, and good sample rooms. He is a generous and thoughtful laiyllord, particu- 
lar about the comfort of his guests, and very popular with the traveling public. He owns valu- 
able property in the business center of the village, and is driving a thriving trade at his hotel. 
In 1857, he married Mary Swelland, a native of Ohio, of Dutch descent, and a member of the 
Methodist Church. Mr. Parsons is a member of the Masonic order, and a Republican in 
politics. 

HUGH J. PERRY, liveryman, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, Novem- 
ber 25, 1838, and is a son of John and Gwynn (Hughes) Perry, both of Welsh descent, and 
early settlers of Delaware County, where his father was engaged in farming. Our subject was 
raised on the farm, and at the age of eighteen years purchased a threshing machine, which he 
operated during the fall and winter seasons for fifteen years. He has since made several changes 
in business, but has been a trader all his life, having sold several farms and dealt largely in 
town property. He has met with success in all of his business operations, and at one time 
owned 220 acres of very fine land. He deals in the French and Clydesdale horses ; went to 
France for them in 1871, and in 1874 went to Wales, Scotland and Belgium for the same pur- 
pose. He sold one horse for $3,000, and another for $3,500. During the late rebellion he was 
a First Lieutenant in the One Hundred and Forty-fifth Ohio Infantry. He is a Republican in 
politics, and at present is serving as a Trustee of his township. He was married in 1866 to 
Miss Sarah J. Anderson, a native of Fairfield County, Ohio, by whom he has had six children, 
four now living, viz. : Nellie M., Charlie, Lizzie and Allie. Mrs. Perry is a member of the Bap- 
tist Church. 

JOHN A. PHILLIPS, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Richwood, Union County, Ohio, 
March 22, 1836. He is a son of William and Isabella Ann (Woods) Phillips, both of Scotch- 
Irish extraction. They emigrated from Pennsylvania to Ohio in 1832, and settled in Richwood, 
where they remained until their deaths, he in 1880, and she in 1875. The former was a potter 
by trade, and in 1834 built the first pottery in Union County, which business he followed most 
of his life. Our subject and two sisters are the only survivors of a family of eight children. He 
received a common school education and learned the harness-maker's trade inRichwood, follow- 
ing it seven years. In 1861, he enlisted as a private in Company F, Sixteenth Regiment Ohio 
Volunteer Infantry, for three years, and was discharged in 1864, at the expiration of his term of 
Bervice, as Fourth Sergeant. He served under Gen. Sherman, and at the siege of Vicksburg he 
and over three hundred of his comrades were taken prisoners and confined for three months in 
two different rebel prisons. Returning to civil life, he embarked in the drug trade in the firm of 
Phillips & Woods; then in the lumber business two years, dry goods trade one year, drug busi- 
ness with A. Z. Converse eighteen months, and finally purchased a farm south of Richwood and 
partly in the corporation, on which he still resides. He was married. October 13, 1869, to Mary 
C. Fisher, daughter of Benjamin Fisher, and by her has had two children — Lizzie L. and Alfir- 
etta G. Botn parents are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and Mr. Phillips is a 
Republican in politics. His brother, A. G. Phillips, was killed at the battle of Atlanta. Ga., 
in 1863. 

NEWTON PIERCE, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, June 7, 
1837, and is a son of J. G. and Celestia (Lusk) Pierce, the former a native of Pennsylvania and 
the latter of New Hampshire. He received an ordinary education in Delaware County, and 
chose the occupation of a farmer. In 1859, he went to Pike's Peak, and remained in the West 
ten years. At the breaking-out of the rebellion, he enlisted in the First Colorado Cavalry, for 
three years or during the war, and at the expiration of his term he re-enlisted in the State 
Militia. His command was principally engaged in fighting the Indians on the frontier. In 1865, 
he was wounded in an engagement, but not seriously. After the war closed, he was for two 
years in the Government employ at Fort Leavenwortli, Kan., after which he returned to his 
native county. In 1870, he married Adelia Flemmiag, by whom he has four children — John, 
Howard, Hosea and Melvin. In 1877, they settled in Claibourne Township, where he owns 110 
acres of good land. Mr. and Mrs. Pierce are members of the Methodist Protestant Church. 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 647 

WILLIAM H. RICHARDS, merchant tailor, Richwood, was born in Wales August 19, 1851, 
and is a son of Henry and Anna Richards. He learned the trade of a tailor in his native coun- 
try, and, in 1867, came to America, spending the first three months after his arrival in New 
York City. He then came to Jefferson County, Ohio, and, in 1874, came to Richwood, where he 
worked as a journeyman until 1878, when he commenced business for himself. On August 17, 
1870, he married Anna Evans, a native of Wales, and a daughter of Henry Evans. To this union 
one child has been born, viz., Mary Tabitha. Mr. and Mrs. Richards are members of the Bap- 
tist Church. He took an active part in the building of the church at Richwood, was a member 
of the building committee, and is now a Deacon in the church. He is a member of the Knights 
of Pythias and of the Prudential Order of America, an Odd Fellow and a Freemason. He is a 
thorough master of his trade in all its details, understands several systems of cutting, and is 
d >ing a thriving business in Richwood. He employs three or four first-class assistants, giving 
them good wages and employment all the time, and is thereby enabled to guarantee his patrons 
satis^'action. His correct workmanship and strong desire to please, coupled with his extensive 
knowledge of the business, reasonable prices and choice selection of goods, procures for him a 
^'ery large proportion of the custom of the town and surrounding CDuntry. 

J. N. RODGERS, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, January 12, 
1845. He is a son of Joseph and Hannah (Corbin) Rodgers, natives of Vermont, the former of 
Irish and the latter of Scotch descent. Our subject was raised and educated on the farm, and 
has followed farming through life. He owns 130 acres of land in Claibourne Township, where he 
has spent most of his life. In 1865, he enlisted in Company B, One Hundred and Eighty-seventh 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as a drummer boy, and served until January 20, 1866, when he was 
discharged at Columbus. He was married, in 1869, to Mary Baumgartner, a native of Ohio, of 
German descent. They have had four children born to them, viz.: Charles W., Hattie, Dora 
and Clara. Mr. Rodgers is a Republican in politics. 

JOHN E. ROSETTE, of the firm of Barnes & Rosette, of which a description is given in 
the sketch of P. E. Barnes, was born in Richwood, Ohio, November 22, 1849, and is a son of 
Charles W. and Mary (Milligan) Rosette, natives of Ohio, the former of French and the latter 
of Irish and English descent. His father came to Richwood in 1845, where he engaged in the 
wool trade, and where he died in 1877. He was Assessor and Treasurer of the township, 
and for twelve years filled the office of Justice of the Peace. He raised a family of six 
children, five boys and one girl. Our subject was educated in the Richwood Public Schools, and 
for a time worked in a mill, after which he engaged in buying grain. In 1870, he engaged in 
selling buggies, and has since continued in that business. In 1873, he married Annie Shelton, 
a native of Columbiana County, Ohio, of German descent, and by her has two children — Iva, 
and a baby not yet named. Mr. Rosette is a member of the Knights of Pythias and of the Odd 
Fellows society, and a Republican in politics. He has served two terms as Clerk of Claibourne 
Township. 

JAMES A. ROSS, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Holmes County, Ohio, November 
■y, 1829, and is a son of Dr. .loseph Ross, whose sketch appears in this work. Our subject re- 
ceived a common school education, and early adopted the profession of a farmer, which he has 
followed through life with marked success, now being the owner of seventy-one acres of good 
land. His farm is well improved and thoroughly cultivated, and has good piked roads on three 
sides of it. He has made his way in the world entirely without aid, having started with noth- 
ing but a year old colt. He is a horse fancier, and he and his brother own one of the best Norman 
horses in the county. He was married, October 27, 1852, to Nancy Headley, who was born in 
■Coshocton County January 4, 1833; she is a daughter of Isaac and Sarah (Dial) Headley, the 
former of Pennsylvania and the latter of Virginia. By this union three children were born 
— Laura E., wife of L. 0. Slemmons ; Lawrence E., deceased, December 18, 1878, accidently 
shot while out hunting; and Imogene, now attending school. 

JOHN RUHL, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Pennsylvania June 6, 1826 ; he is 
the son of Michael and Elizabeth (Curfman) Ruhl, natives of Pennsylvania, the former of Ger- 
man and the latter of Dutch descent. Our subject was raised and educated as a farmer, and 
has followed that occupation through life. He was married in 1851 to Elizabeth Walters, who 
was born May 8, 1827 ; she was also of German descent. By this marriage seven children 
were born, viz., James W., deceased, born March 25, 1854; Mary E., born January 23, 1856 ; 
D. C, deceased, born December 26, 1858 ; Maria C, born June 5, 1860 ; John M., born February 
10, 1862 ; W. M., born February 7, 1864, and J. F., born November 20, 1865. Mrs. Ruhl died 
September 29, 1867, and on March 6, 1868, Mr. Ruhl married Julia Ann Snyder, a daughter of 
Jacob Snyder. Mr. Ruhl came to Claibourne Township in 1861, and now owns a farm of nearly 
fifty -four acres in this township. He is a Republican in politics, and he and his wife are both 
members of the Methodist Protestant Church. 

HON. HYLAS SABINE, the son of John F. and Euphemia (Clement) Sabine, was born 
June 5, 1829. His father is a native of Vermont, and of English descent. His mother was born 
in the State of New York, and was of German ancestry. John F. Sabine located in Union Town- 
ship, Union County, Ohio, in 1812, and became a prominent farmer. From 1854 to 1856, he 
held the position of County Auditor, and has been for many years a member of the board of In- 



648 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

firmary Directors for the county, being the present Secretary of said board. Hylas Sabine- 
began to receive an education iu the common schools of his neighborhood, and sub8equentl3' 
attended college at Delaware, Ohio. For two years, he engaged in teaching in Kentucky, and at 
the expiration of that time returned to Union County, locating in Marysville. He succeeded his 
father as County Auditor, and held the office two years. In October, 1858. he established a 
newspaper at Marysville, known as the Vnion Press, which was continued till August, 18G3. 
The editorial department of the paper was conducted by J. B. Coats (present Ju Ige of Probate), 
from the .spring of 1861 to the autumn of 18t52, Mr. Sa'iine having, in the meantime, resided a 
few months in Washington, D. C, and also taken a law course at Harvard University. October 
8, 1857, he married Anna Ware, daughter of .J. R. Ware, and a descendant from Scotch and 
English ancestors. Like her husband, she attended the law school at Harvard University, and is 
a thorough classical scholar. Her course of studies was taken under the widely-known instruct- 
or, Horace Mann, at Aatioch College. Mr. and Mrs. Sabine are the parents of two children, a 
son and a daughter. The son, who is the younger child, is a present member of the Freshmao 
class of the Ohio State University, and is fourteen years of age. The daughter is a student at 
the same school. After his return from Harvard, Mr. Sabine located, in 1863, at Richwood. 
Union County, Ohio, and became a prominent real estate dealer. He also opened up a farm 
three miles west of that village, and expended largely from his means in making general improve- 
ments, winning a position among the leading men of the county, for enterprise. He built the 
finest house and barn which have ever been erected in Richwood ; these are now the property of 
A. J. Blake. Mr. Sabine's business ventures were moderately successful, and a great portion of 
their proceeds are invested in improvements. He has considerable political fame, and in 1877 
was chosen on the Fiepublican ticket to the position of State Senator, representini< the Seventeenth 
Senatorial District, composed of the counties of Logan, Hardin, Marion and Union. This position 
he filled honorably and acceptably for two years. His political faith is pinned to the platform of 
the Republican party. February 25, 1880, he i-eceived an appointment from Gov. Foster as State 
Commissioner of Railroads and Telegraphs, which official position he aow holds. Mr. Sabine ^ 
business and public career have extended through but a comparatively few years, yet the result- 
of his efforts are certainly such as to afford him much gratification. 

JOHN M. SANDERS, of the firm of Gardiner & Sanders, dealers in real estate, Richwood. 
was born in Union County, Ohio, August 25, 1837; and is a son of Samuel R. and Peggy (Hop 
kins) Sanders, natives of Kentucky, of English descent. He received a common school educ;i 
tion, and remained on his father's farm until twenty -two years of age, after which he farmed fn'- 
himself about four years. In 1862, he came to Richwood, and for three years conducted th.- 
Atlantic Hotel, which he sold to 0. Beem. He then spent one year in the West, after which h • 
purchased the Beem House, and one year later sold it to Wesley Abrahams. Subsequently hi- 
purcbased a farm in Jackson Township, and sooa afterward he purchased sixty-five acres mot >• 
iu the same township. After his father's death, he purchased a four-fifths interest in the home 
farm of 185 acres, and now he owns 165 acres of good land, in addition to a neat residence, anl 
two lots in Richwood. In 1859, he married Elenor Blue, a native of Jackson Township, Union 
County, and a daughter of Michael and Elenore Blue. This union was blessed with three chil- 
dren, William D. being the only survivor. Mrs. Sanders died April 10, 1870, and on October 
10, 1872, Mr. Sanders married Artemissa Stacey, daughter of Ira and Ellinor R. Stacey, of 
Madison County, by whom he has two children — Clarence M. and Percival H. Mrs. Sanders is 
a member of the Disciples Church. Mr. Sanders is a Democrat in politics, and has served as 
a delegate from his township to the county convention of his party. He is a member of the 
Lodge and Encampment of I. 0. 0. F. He has been in active business since. eighteen years of 
age has a wide business experience, is a good judge of land, and has succeeded in all his 
business undertakings. He shipped the first poultry from this point, in 1864, and also the 
first from Larue, Marion County, at that time being engaged with W. W. Manughu, of New 
York City. He was also engaged for a time in selling threshing machines, is thoroughly versed 
in all the points of a thresher, and has sold more machines than any man in the surrounding 
country. He is said to be one of the best salesmen iu Union County. 

NICHOLAS SCHARF, deceased, was born in Germany in 1832, and emigrated to America 
in 1854, settling in Franklin County, Ohio. He was a life-long farmer by occupation, a Catholic 
in religious belief, and a Democrat in politics. He was married in France, in 1840, to Magleine 
Frund, a daughter of Frank Frund, a prominent German farmer of Franklin County. This 
union was blessed with an issue of nine children, viz.: George, Annie M., Marianna, John A., 
Maggie J., Joseph Frank, Katie E., Clara V. and Louise M. They are members of the Catholic 
Church. Mr. Scharf died in 1879. Mrs. Scharf came to Union County in 1879, and settled in 
Claibourne Township, where she owns a farm of fifty-four acres of good land. She is a careful 
manager, and with the aid of her son George, who stays at home to work for her, she is con- 
ducting her farm in a most prosperous manner. 

PEfER SELLS, farmer, ?. 0. Richwood, was born in Green Township, Franklin County, 
Ohio, June 15. 1811, and is a son of Jacob and Mary (Thrush) Sells, the former a farmer and 
teamster by occupation, and both of German descent. Our subject was educated in the select 
schools of his day, and in early life followed the carpenter's trade, but latterly has been engaged 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 651 

in farming. He owns 100 acres of gooil land, which he has acquired by his own personal 
eiforts. He has been twice married. By his first wife, Catharine Stambaugh, he had nine 
children, four now living, all married and doing well. His wife died in 1876, and on February 
17, 1881, he married Nancy .J. Clark. He is a Republican and a member of the United Brethren 
Church, in which he has been a class leader. 

C. D. SIDLE, former, P. O. Richwood. Rev. John C. Sidle, the father of our subject, was 
born in Ohio in 1812 and died in Richwood in 1877. He came to Union County with his wife, 
Elizabeth (Himilton) Sidle, in 1838, and for nearly half a century officiated as a minister of 
the Methodist denomination in this county. In addition to his ministerial duties, he devoted con- 
siderable lime to farming, and at one time owned 1,400 acres of land in Union County. He was an 
honorable gentleman, of a genial, social disposition, a good linguist and fluent speaker, charitable to 
a fault, and wonderfully attachedto his children. He was Trustee of Claibourne Township for a 
time, and for twenty years served as a .Justice of the Peace. It is said of him that he married more 
couples than any man that ever lived in the county. His family consisted of seven children, and 
included three pairs of twins, viz.: John, now a merchant in Chicago; Mary and Martha, the latter 
deceased and the former now.the wife of J. J. JollifF; W. H. and Hannah, now wife of W. H. Tan- 
ner; and Sarah R., deceased, and our subject. The latter was born in Claibourne Township March 
17, 1883, and wis reared on the farm, receiving the rudiments of his education in the common 
schools, after which he attended Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware and graduated in 1867. 
He has followed farming for a livelihooil and owns a good farm of 132 acres in the town ship. , 
In 1869, he married Emeret Wood, a daughter of Benjamin Wood, of English descent. By this 
union three children were born, viz., Laura C, C. D. and Jacob P. Mr. and Mrs. Sidle are 
members of the Methodist Protestant Church. 

W. H. SIDLE is a farmer of this township, where he was born November 18, 1839. In 18T8, 
he married Martha A. Dilsaver, daughter of Adam Dilsaver, whose sketch appears in this work 
They have one child— Frederick C. Mr. Sidle and wife are members of the Methodist Protest- 
ant Church. In 1862, he enlisted in Company A, One Hundred and Twenty-first Ohio Volun- 
teer Infantry, and served until 1863, when he was discharged on account of disability. He is a 
member of the Odd Fellow and Masonic fraternities ; a Republican, and owner of 121 acres of 
land. His first wife, Malissa Kinney, died in 1875, leaving one child, Anna L., the only sur- 
vivor of her two children. 

J. D. SLEMMONS, carpenter, Richwood, was born in Harrison County, Ohio, July 26, 
1841, and is the sou of James L. and Susannah (Osborn) Slemmons, the former a native of Ohio 
and the latter of Pennsylvania, both of English and Irish descent. Our subject was reared on 
his father's form and received a common school education. In 1864, he came to Union County 
and for eight years clerked in the store of John Landon at Richwood. In 1876, he engaged in 
the insurance business, as agent for the Richwood Mutual Company, in which capacity he con- 
tinued for some time, with success. He has for many years been engaged more or less as a car- 
penter, but has never devoted his time exclusively to that trade. He is a Republican, and the 
owner of a house and four acres of land lying in the corporation of Richwood. His father died 
in 1865, and since that time his mother has lived with him and attended to the household duties 
of his home. 

ISAAC SMART, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Union County May 16, 1850, and 
is a son of Joseph and Hannah C. (Cowgill) Smart, natives of Ohio, of German descent. They 
came to Union County in 1849, and located on a farm in Claibourne Township, where the father 
died in 1879. The mother now resides with our subject, who is engaged in farming, at which 
he has worked all his life. He was educated in the district school, and in 1872 married Harriet 
Wurtsbaugh, whose people were of German and Irish descent. By this union two children 
were born — Lora and Lawrence. Mr. Smart was the ninth child of his father's family of ten 
children, six of whom reached their majority. 

ROBERT JAMES SVIITH (deceased) was born in Franklin County, Penn., February 2, 
1800, and died April 23, 1882. When he was two years of age, his parents moved to Washing- 
ton County, Md., where the early portion of his life was spent. On the 22d of April, 1824, he 
married Miss Catharine Kuhn, who lived but one year and seven days after their marriage. In 
the early summer of 1828, he moved from Maryland to Muskingum County, Ohio, making the 
trip across the mountains on foot. On June 23, 1830, he was again married, to Miss Mary 
Haines, with whom he lived until September 17, 1874, when she was called from him. In the 
spring of 1851, they removed from Muskingum County, the last dwelling-place of both. To 
them were born nine children, five of whom preceded them to the spirit land, and four are left 
to mourn their loss. Mr. Smith's remains were interred in the Claibourne Cemetery. In his 
death, the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which he had been a member for half a century, lost 
one of its most conscientious, faithful and incorruptible members ; the family a noble father ; 
and the community a man and a fellow-citizen of sterling wortu and unsullied excellence of 
character, in whose ripe years nature fulfilled her work and loaded him with the fruit of a well- 
spent life. In his death, he closed a career of exemplary fidelity to his aim in life — to be a 
quiet, unassuming and honorable man and an humble Christian, which he followed through 
many changes and trials with quiet confidence to the end; 



'652 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

GEORGE SMITH, grocer, Rich wood, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, July 15, 1846, ani 
is ason of Robert J. (deceased) and Mary (Haines) Smith deceased, the former a native Maryland, 
of Irish descent, and the latter a native of Ohio, of English descent. He was educated in the grad- 
ed schools and raised on a farm. In 1851, he came to Richwood and followed farming as an occu- 
pation until twenty-six years of age. In his twenty-seventh year he began clerking for John 
Landon in the dry goods store and two years later assumed the management of the grocery depart- 
ment of Mr. Landon's store, in which he was engaged live years. In 1879, he began business 
for himself and has met with more than average success. In 1874, he married Mattie Landon, 
a native of Marion County. They are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church in which he 
has been steward and trustee, and an active worker in the Sabbath school. He also takes an 
active interest in the cause of education, and is a member of the Board of Education of Richwood. 
He is a Republican in politics. 

ISAAC SNARE, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Pennsylvania December 28, 1819, 
and is a son of David and Catherine Snare, natives of Maryland. His father was a carpenter, 
but died in 1823, and Isaac was raised on a fiirm, his e lucation being very meager. In 1845, 
he came to Licking County, Ohio, and in the following year returned to Pennsylvania for his 
mother, who lived with him until her death. In 1853, he came to Claibourne Township and set- 
tled on the farm of fifty-two acres where he now resides, taking the laud in its wild state and 
improving it. When he first came to this township, he killed thirteen deer and forty-eight wild 
turkeys in one winter. In 1847, he married Phebe Edwards, daughter of Ira and Ann (Evans) 
Edwards, and by her has had seven children, viz.: Susannah L., Edith, Minerva, Eliza, George 
W., Anna A. and Mary. The family are all members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. 
Snare is a Republican in politics. During his long life in a new country, he has met with many 
narrow escapes of injury, and has frequently had his life placed in imminent jeopardy. 

MOSES SNEDEKER, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in this State June 2, 1846 ; he is 
the son of John F. and Sina Snedeker, who were of Dutch descent. The former was in early 
life a school teacher, but after coming to this county in 1852, he followed farming until his 
<ieath in 1870. Our subject was raised on a farm, receiving an ordinary district school education, 
and in 1872 married Mary F. Preston, daughter of John Preston, by whom he has had three 
children, viz.: Charles E., Cora M. and Lina M. Mrs. Snedeker is a member of the Disciples 
Church. Mr. Snedeker is a stanch Republican in politics, and watches with interest all the 
movements of his party. He is a thorough, practical farmer, and very well spoken of by his 
neighbors. 

LUCIUS H. STEPHENSON, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, v?as born in Licking County, Ohio, 
April 25, 1823 ; he is a son of John and Nancy (Baker) Stephenson, natives of Vermont, the 
former of Turkish and the latter of English descent. His father was a shoe-maker, and came to 
fjicking County in 1820. Our subject was raised in Knox County, Ohio, receiving a common 
school education, and early adapted the occupation of a farmer, which he has followed withsuc- 
cess most of his life. In 1850, he went to California and for two years engaged in mining, ob- 
taining his start in life in that way. He came to Union County in 1852, and purchased fifty 
acres of land, to which he has since added from time to time until he now owns 177 acres in 
addition to his residence in Richwood. In 1852, he married Mrs. Rebecca Chapman, who died 
in November, 1858, without issue. On April 5, 1859, he married Mrs. Abigail (Graham) Hamil- 
ton, a widow with five children, and by her has had three children, viz.: Sylvia, Alwildaand 
Bluma. The parents are members of the Church of Christ, in which he has been an Elder. He 
is a Republican in politics. 

JOHN C. STUBERT, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, March 13, 
1838, and is a son of .John and Clarissa (Biddle) Stubert, the former a native of Pennsylvania, 
and a salesman in a boot and shoe store most of his life, and the latter a native of New Jersey, 
of English descent. Our subject was educated in the graded schools of his native city, 
and early in life learned the trade of a carriage-maker. In 1861, he enlisted in Company K, of 
an independent cavalry regiment known as " Col. Mill's Horse," which was recruited from most 
of the Northern States. He was Third Duty Sergeant, and served with his command three years, 
in that time missing but one scouting duty. In 1864, he came to Richwood and purchased 
seventy acres of land, with money saved while in the service. In 1865, he married Sarah M. 
Hoyt, who was born August 1, 1838, and by whom he has had one child — Anna G., born August 
29, 1867, and now is in school at Cincinnati. Mrs. Stubert is a member of the Methodist 
Protestant Church of Richwood. Mr. Stubert is a Republican in politics, 

MRS. SUSANNAH SWARTZ, Richwood. The venerable lady whose name heads this sketch 
is one of the early pioneers of the State. She knew Union and Delaware Counties when they 
•were one vast wilderness, and has witnessed the many changes that marked their settlement 
and that developed them into fine farming communities. The extensive fields of grain, so familiar 
to us, she remembers as dense forests, only inhabited by wild beasts. She was born in Hocking 
County, Ohio, December 9, 1799, and is a daughter of Joseph and Mary (Dils) Shoup. Her 
father, and her grandfather, Sebastian Shoup, were both all through the Revolutionary War. 
Her parents came to Ohio in an ox cart, in 1799, and settled in Hocking County. They had 
«leven children, Mrs. Swartz being the seventh. Her father was a millwright, and erected the 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP, 653 

first mill in Hocking County. Mrs. Swartz never saw an apple until in 1812 ; her father pur- 
chased a peck of a neighbor, who had brought some from New York. They cost $1, which waa 
equivtilent to two or three days' work, per peck. In 1817, she married Daniel Swartz, who was 
•born in Pennsylvania December 3, 1797. This union was blessed with five children, all of 
whom grew up, but have since died. The sole representatives of this old lady are two grand- 
-children and four great-grandchildren. She is now living with Jacob E. Swartz, who was born 
in 1860, and now lives on a farm within the corporation of Richwood, where she has lived since 

1834, In her younger days, she was accustomed to driving four-horse teams, and often made 
the trip of eighteen miles to the nearest mill. She was a remarkably strong and hearty woman, 

not afraid of labor, and could make a full hand at any work ; she could feed, harness, hitch and 
drive a team, milk the cows, feed the hogs, chop wood, saw and roll logs, pitch and stack hay, 
and indeed do anything that was required on a farm in the infancy of our country. She often 
took her spinning-wheel on her shoulder and walked five miles to do a week's spinning, for 
which she would get 50 cents. She has spun and woven thousands of yards of cloth, and 
made all the clothing worn by the family, in addition to doing her household work and assisting 
the men about the farm. She has been a rigid member of the church for over a half century, 
•and is highly respected and esteemed for her many Christian virtues. Though now over four, 
score years of age, she has full possession of her faculties, enjoys good health, and has a very 
robust constitution for one of her years. 

A. J. THOMAS is a dentist in Richwood, Ohio. He was born in the State of Pennsyl- 
vania, Indiana County, February 16, 1847. His parents were also natives of the Keystone 
State, his father of Welsh and his mother of English descent. The subject of this sketch entered 
the army at the age of sixteen years, where he served three terms and was honorably discharged 
from the service August 4, 1865. After spending several years in his native State, and in the 
District of Columbia, he adopted the profession of dentistry, which he has followed since 1873. 
He located in Richwood in 1877, where he has practiced his chosen profession. 

GEORGE B. TUCKER, carriage manufacturer, Richwood, was born in Cincinnati April 3, 
1843, and is a son of Albert G. and Eliza J. (Evans) Tucker, the former of English and Welsh, 
and the latter of English descent. His father was a jeweler and silversmith, and carried on 
business at Lebanon, Ohio, from 1849 until the time of his death, in 1858. Our subject received 
his education in the Normal School at Lebanon, and learned the trade of a carpenter, which he 
followed until the breaking-out of the war. In 1861, he enlisted in Company K, Eighteenth 
Regiment Ohio Infantry, and served three years, without a day of sickness, and was a partici- 
pant in all the engagements in which his connhand figured. In 1864, he came to Richwood and 
■engaged in the manufacture of bodies for buggies and carriages, and in selling wagons. In 1871, 
he married Sarah J. Moore, a native of Licking County, who died in 1880, leaving one child — 
Elsie J. Mr. Tucker is Captain of Company G, Fourteenth Regiment Ohio National Guards, and 
Chief of the Richwood Fire Department, and has been Marshal of the village. He is a member 
of the Protestant Church, of which he has been a Trustee, and takes an active interest in the 
Sabbath school. 

RICHARD TYLER, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, in 1815, 
and is a son of Samuel and Margaret (Smart) Tyler, the former a native of Maryland, of English 
•descent, and the latter a native of Pennsylvania, of Dutch descent. His parents were early 
pioneers of Ohio, who settled where Columbus now stands, before the existence of the town. 
His father was a soldier of the war of 1812, aid by occupation a manufacturer and dealer in 
boots and shoes. Our subject attended the select schools of this State, and on December 24, 

1835, married Lavina, a daughter of Rev. H. and Sarah (Vinney) Barker ; her father was a 
minister of the Christian Church, and a native of New York, of English descent. Mr. and Mrs. 
Tyler have five children, viz.: Rosanna, Leroy, Isaiah, Marion and Arminda F. In 1865, the 
family came to Claibourne Township and settled one and a quarter miles east of Richwood, 
where they still reside. The parents are members of the Christian Church, to which Mr, Tyler 
has belonged since he was fifteen years of age. He is the owner of fifty-five acres of land, on 
which they reside, and which he is engaged in cultivating. 

STEPHEN VAN R. YOUNG, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Delaware County, 
Ohio, October 26, 1831, and is a son of Elijah and Amy (Larkins) Young, the former a 
native of Pennsylvania and the latter of New York State, both of English descent. They were 
among the pioneers of Delaware County, where they settled at an early day. Our subject re- 
ceived an ordinary education, and early adopted the occupation of a farmer. In 1856, he went 
to California and spent four years and a half in the mines, with moderate success. In 1861, he 
returned to Ohio and married Miss Berthena Belfield, a native of England, and a daughter of 
William Belfield, who came to America in 1843, and settled in Columbus, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs, 
Young have had three children, viz.: Willis E., Lutell, and Maggie C, deceased. The family 
are all members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Young is a Republican, a strong tem- 
perance man, and a lifelong farmer, now owning ninety-five acres, nearly ten of which are in 
the corporation of Richwood. He was President of the School Board when the new schoolhouse 
was built, and donated a part of the ground for a site. He came to Union County and settled 
on the farm, where he now resides, living in a log cabin, which has since been replaced by a 
handsome brick residence. 



654 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

S. W. "VAN WINKLE, attorney at law, Richwood, was born in Indiana County, Penn., April 
4, 1852. He is a son of Isaac and A. T. (Davis) Van Winkle, the former a native of Pennsyl- 
vania, of Dutch descent, and the latter a native of New York, of Irish descent. Our subject re- 
ceived a good English education in the common and high schools, and in early manhood began 
teaching, which he followed for some lime. Being anxious to see more of the world, he engaged 
with a New York publishing firm, and proved himself to be both a good. salesman and a good 
collector. His determination was to become a lawyer, and this business afforded him an excel- 
lent opportunity to study human nature. As soon as it became financially practicable, he en- 
tered the law office of Powell & Fulton to begin the study of his chosen profession, and in this 
he applied himself so diligently that he completed the two years' course in eighteen mouths, and 
in 1882 was admitted to the bar. He immediately began the practice at Richwood, and is now 
also agent for eight insurance companies, among them the best in the United States. He is a 
Democrat, a member of the Board of School Examiners, and President of the Teachers' Insti- 
tute. He was married, in 1881, to Jennie Loveless, of Richwood. 

SOLOMON WALKER, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, is a son of Alexander and Margaret (Cane) 
Walker, the former a native of Pennsylvania of Irish descent, and the latter a native of Virginia 
of Scotch descent. He was born in Delaware County, Oliio, March 14, 1824, and being left an 
orphan at the tender age of three years, was raised by his eldest sister, who was the wife of 
Rev. Levi Meredith. He was raised on a farm, and followed farming until twenty-six years of 
age. He began life by farming rented land, and was soon able to purchase a small farm of forty 
acres, which he has since increased to lOG acres. He came to Union County in 1851, and has 
since made it the place of his residence. He is a dealer in French Norman horses, and is said 
to be a first-class horseman, but makes a specialty of draft horses. In 1870, he purchased an 
interest in two horses imported J)y the Union County Importing Company. He has sold horses 
of his own raising as high as $1,000 per head. He is a successful business man, charitable in his 
dealings with the poor, and a liberal supporter of all worthy enterprises. He is a Democrat in 
politics, and has often represented his township in the county conventions of his party. He is a 
member of the Odd Fellows society, and a charter member of the lodge at Richwood. On Sep- 
tember 17, 1846, he married Elizabeth Winchell, a native of New York, and a daughter of Thomas 
Winchell, who settled in Delaware County, Ohio, in 1828. Mr. and Mrs. Walker have never had 
any children of their own, but they have adopted and raised six children. 

WILLIAM WALLACE, deceased, was born in Harrison County, Ohio, April 12, 1820. He 
was a son of John and Mary (McFadden) Wallace, natives of Ireland, who entered Harrison 
County at an early day and located on the farm where our subject was born. He was raised on 
a farm, and followed farming and stock-raising until his death, which occurred January 3, 1869. 
In 1850, he married Miss Martha Ross, who was born in Jefferson County, Ohio, in 1827; 
she is a daughter of William and Elsie (Cooper) Ross, the former of Scotch, and the latter 
of Dutch descent. Mr. and Mrs. Wallace were the parents of five ciiildren, viz.: John W., 
Thomas B., Ross H., S. May, the wife of Albert Baker, and Mattie J. In 1852, Mr. Wallace 
came to Claibourne Township, where he was engaged in farm operations; his widow resides on 
a farm of 140 acres in that township. 

REUBEN W. WEISZ, retired, Richwood, was born at Lancaster, Ohio, June 20, 1820; 
he is the son of George and Catharine E. (Shuman) Weisz, natives of Pennsylvania, of German 
descent. They clung to the habits of the fatherland in their family, speaking German exclu- 
sively and teaching that language to their children before they did English. The subject of this 
sketch could speak two languages at the age of twelve years, and later in life learned a third. 
When about thirteen years of age, he left home and until 1843 clerked in a dry goods store. 
He resided in Hocking County a number of years, and while there was engaged as a merchant 
and hotel-keeper and also as a dealer in lumber. In 1855, he came to Richwood and has since 
been variously engaged, but latterly he has retired from active business life. In 1844, he mar- 
ried Mary A. Abbott, a native of Fairfield County, and a daughter of Orrin and Rosanna (Hayes) 
Abbott. She died in 1850, leaving three children, and in 1857 he married Mary H. Thomp- 
son, a daughter of Hugh and Mary W. (Cotton) Thompson. His second wife died in 1874, also 
leaving three children. In 1875, he married Miss Nancy M. Waters, a native of New York State 
and a daughter of Nathan P. and Susan D. (Perry) Waters. She died in 1879, leaving one 
child. Mr. Weisz takes a great pride in his home, which is presided over by his youngest 
child by his second marriage, while he superintends his business alfairs. He has met with suc- 
cess in all of his business operations, has always enjoyed a comfortable portion of this world's 
goods and now has a competency sufficient to support him in his declining years. He was for 
twenty-six years a member of the German Reformed Church, of which his father was a minister 
for forty years, but there being no church of that denomination in Richwood, he has since hia 
residence here been connected with the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

JOHN WERllICK, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Greene County, Penn., April 16, 
1822, and is a son of Thomas and Sarah (Armstrong) Werrick, natives of Maryland, the former 
of English and the latter of Dutch descent. His father emigrated to Ohio in 1824 and located 
in Knox County. He was a shoe-maker by trade, but, after his settlement in this State, fol- 
lowed farming. Our subject was reared on the farm, receiving a common-school education, and 



CLAIBOURNE TOWNSHIP. 655 

later in life learned the carpenter's trade! In 1847, he enlisted in Company H, Col. Roll's Reg- 
iment of Missouri Infantry, for sei'vice in the Mexican war, and was detailed to assist the Sur- 
geon. In this way he gained some knowledge of medicine, which he found most useful while 
crossing the plains to California. In 1856, he came to this county, and on October 8, 1858, he 
married Elvira Cameron, a daughter of Joseph and Sarah (Reed) Cameron, the former a native 
•of Pennsylvania and the latter of Virginia. By this union six children were born, viz., W. W., 
Thomas J., Sarah J., Charlotte B., J. A. and Carrie E. 

N. P. WESTHEIMER, of the firm of Westheimer & Taylor, grocers, Richwood, was born in 
Germany September 22, 1837, and at the tender age of three years was thrown upon the care of 
strangers by the loss of his parents. At the age of nineteen years, he emigrated to America, and, 
after spending two years in the State of New York, he came to Ohio and settled in Logan 
County, where he embarked in the mercantile business, which he has since followed in diflferent 
parts of the State. He has been in business in Richwood since 1859, and is the oldest surviv- 
ing business man of that place. He has built several buildings in the village, and has aided 
very materially in the improvement of that place, having also built a handsome brick dwelling 
in which he resides. In 1875, he was engaged in the dry goods and grocery trade, but is now 
dealing entirely in the latter. He had his store burned to the ground at a very considerable 
loss to himself, but being a man of unusual energy and ability, he was soon enabled to over- 
come his reverses. He is an earnest advocate of total abstinance and, though formerly a Re- 
publican, now supports the Prohibition party. He is a member of tlie Odd Fellows, society, 
and a charter member of the lodge at Richwood. In 1861, he married Sarah E. Irwin, a native 
of Union County, and a daughter of Richard M. and Eliza B. (Duckworth) Irwin. By this 
union one child was born, viz., Ida May, who graduated from Delaware University in 1882. 

PENROSE WILEY, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in this State February 17, 1839. 
His father Absalon Wiley, son of Solomon and Maria (Messier) Wiley, was born in Pennsyl- i 
vania August 15, 1808, his father being a native of the same State, and his mother of New 
Jersey. He was educated in the common schools of his time, and followed kwming all his life, 
with the exception of two terms of service as Sheriff of Union County. He was the Commander 
of the Second Brigade, Fifteenth Division of State Militia, in 1840, and was with Ohio's states- 
man Tom Corwin on his "water-melon raid." He came to Union County in 1844, and settled 
in Claibourne Township, where he followed farming. His father, Solomon, was a soldier of the 
war of 1812. Our subject was raised on a farm and has devoted his life to that honorable avo- 
cation, now owning 130 acres of good land. In i864, he enlisted in Company F, Thirty-first 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of the war. In 1872, he married Joanna, 
daughter of C. E. Fish, and by her has two children — Wilbert and Delphia. Mr. aud Mrs. 
Wiley are members of the M. E. Church, in which he has been a Trustee. He is a Republican, 
in politics, and has served as Trustee of his township. His brother John was at one time 
Auditor of the county. 

TIMOTHY J. WILLIAMS, grain dealer, Richwood, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, 
September 6, 1844; he is a son of David and Elizabeth (Lewis) Williams, natives of Wales, who 
emigrated to America in 1817, and in 1830 settled in Delaware County, Ohio. His father was 
born in 1807, and died in 1876 ; he was a life-long farmer, and resided until his death in Dela- 
ware County. Our subject received the advantages of the college at Delaware, and when 
twenty years of age began teaching school, an occupation he followed for ten years, six of these 
years being spent in one school of his native county. He came to Richwood in 1875, and has 
since made this the place of his residence. He was married in 1870 to Miss Margaret C. Kyle, 
a native of Delaware County, and a daughter of .James Kyle. By this union two children were 
born, viz.. Ha May and Guy. Mrs. Williams is a member of the Baptist Church. Mr. Williams 
is a Democrat in politics. In 1864, he enlisted in Company A, One Hundred and Forty-fifth 
Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served until the close of the war. He was also a member of the 
State Guards, and with his command was called oat to repel Morgan in his raid through South- 
ern Ohio. 

DAVID H. WILLOUGHBY, tailor, Richwood, was born in Licking County, Ohio, January 
7, 1848, and is a son of Birdsey and Nancy (De Wolf) Willoughby, the former a native of New 
York, and the latter of Connecticut, both of English descent. He was raised on a farm, and in 
early life learned the tailor trade, which he has since followed. He is a man of steady habits 
and a good workman, and for the past seven years has been engaged with W. H. Richards, at 
Richwood, where he resides. He was married in 1874, to Civilla Cain, by whom he had one 
child — Harvey, who died in 1877. Mrs. Willoughby died in 1878, and on January 1, 1882, 
Mr. Willoughby married Lillie B. Frye. They are both members of the Richwood Baptist 
Church. 

JAMES W. WOODRUFF, drayman, Richwood, was born in Licking County, Ohio, Novem- 
ber 22, 1835 ; he is a son of John and Julia (Cunningham) Woodrufl^, natives of Licking County, 
of German and English descent. His father was a shoe-maker and farmer, and settled in Clai- 
bourne Township in 1841, and at that late day is said to have shot deer and wild turkeys from 
his cabin door. Our subject was raised on the farm, receiving a common school education, and 
remained on the farm until 1881. In 1855, he married Emily Collier, a native of Licking 



656 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. ' 

County, Ohio, and a daughter of John and Mary (Ford) Collier. By this union three children 
were born, viz.: Minerva Ann, wife of F. Merritt, Benjamin (deceased) and Houston. Mr. and 
Mrs. Woodruff are members of the Baptist Church of Richwood. 

G. H. WOODS, Richvyood, v?as born at Richwood, Ohio, August 8, 1834; he is a son of John 
and Sarah (Brookins) Woods. His father was born in Ireland, in 1799, and came to Pennsyl- 
vania, with his parents, in 1801 ; he was a tailor by trade, and conducted a tailor shop for 
several years in Richwood, where he died in 1874 ; he devoted a large portion of his life to 
farming, in which he was very successful. Our subject received his education in the schools of 
his native village, and started in life as a farmer boy ; he engaged in the drug business in Rich- 
wood in 1868, and after following it for three years, embarked in the dry goods business, which 
he followed ten years, selling out in 1882 to J. B. Miller. In 1870, he married Lovina Siples, 
who was born in iSIarion County in 1844. They have four children, viz.: Minnie Francis 
E., Wilke Gaylord and Anna L. Mr. Woods is a Republican, and the owner of ninety-three 
acres of land in this township. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias, and represented his 
lodge in the Grand Lodge in 1878 and 1879 ; he is also a member of the Masonic fraternity. 

P. G. WYNEGAPt, pike contractor, Richwood, was born in Highland County, Ohio, March 
18, 1826, and is a son of David and Catharine (Grim) Wynegar, natives of Virginia, of Dutch 
descent. He was raised on the farm, receiving a common school education, and followed farm- 
ing until twenty-one years of age, when he engaged in the manufacture of brick, which he 
followed four years in Springfield. He th€n came to Richwood, and for eight years followed 
farming and brick-making. In 187G, he commenced taking contracts for building pikes, and. 
now has a contract for $19,000worth of work. He usually employs about thirty teams, and has 
employed as high as eighty-two. He owns 100 acres of land in Leesburg Township, where his 
father settled in 1838. He was married in 1850 to Elizabeth Ross, a native of Muskingum 
County, Ohio, and a daughter of Dr. J. N. Ross. This union has been blessed with nine chil- 
dren, four living, viz.: William C, Ida J., Philota and Estelle. Mrs. Wynegar died February 
9, 1874. 

MORGAN YOUNG, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, Septem- 
ber 27, 1837, and is a son of Elijah and Amy (Larkins) Young, natives of Pennsylvania, of 
German descent, and early settlers in Delaware County. He was reared on a farm and re- 
ceived a limited education, after which he began life for himself as a hired hand, working by the 
month. He also followed mining in California for two years, but since 1861 he has been a resi- 
dent of this county, now owning 118 acres of land, made entirely by his own efforts. He is a. 
Republican in politics and a member of the Odd Fellows society of Richwood. He was married 
August 26, 1862, to Elenora Finch, by whom he had five children, viz.: Frank, Ed., Vinnie,. 
Vellie and Otis M. 



CHAPTER XIII. 



WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. 

WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP occupies the northwestern corner of Union 
County. Unlike moat townships in the county, its outlines are com- 
paratively regular, as it is bounded by four straight lines. To the west of it 
lies Logan County and Hardin and Marion Counties to the north. Jackson 
Township bounds it on the east, and York Township on the south. The 
boundary line between it and York is the Greenville Treaty line of 1795. 

The township was erected a civil subdivision of the county in 1836. The 
Commissioners' journal under date of June 6, of that year, contains the follow- 
ing entry: 

The Board considered a petition handed in by John Dysert, praying for a 
new township to be taken from the north part of the township of York. 
Whereupon it was agreed that a township be formed, to be called W^ashington, 
to be bounded as follows, to wit: Beginning at the northwest corner of the 
township of Claibourne, thence running west parallel with the northern line 
of the county to the western boundary line of the county, thence north with, 
said line to the northwest corner of Union County, thence east with the north 
line of the county to the northwest corner of Jackson Township, thence with 
the line of said township south to the place of beginning. 



WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP, 657 

As its date indicates, Washington was one of the later townships organ- 
ized in Union County. Its boundaries as originally constituted have perhaps 
been less subject to change and alteration than almost any other township in 
the county. 

Topographically, the township is nearly uniform in its several parts and 
also strongly resembles adjacent townships. It embraces a level stretch of coun- 
try, broken in the western part and to some extent along the streams by gentle 
undulations. The most important stream is Rush Creek, which enters from 
Hardin County close to the northwestern corner of the township, but soon 
bends northward and passes back into Hardin County aboiit a mile east of its 
entrance into the township; it soon after re-enters and pursues a southeasterly 
coui'se through the township, crossing the eastern boundary line near its cen- 
ter. Kocky Fork, a tributary of this stream, rises in the southwestern part of 
the township and meanders in a northeasterly direction through the central 
portion of the township until it mingles its waters with those of Rush Creek. 
The North Branch of Bokes Creek cuts across the southwestern corner of thfr 
township separating portions of several farms from the main body of the 
township. Rush Creek has several small tributaries in the northwestern region 
of the township, and in the southeastern part three or four runs flow south- 
ward and eastward into Fulton Creek. The composition of the soil is argil- 
laceous, except along the streams, where sand and gi-avel prevail to some ex- 
tent. Ponds were not uncommon in early times, and a considerable portion 
of the township was swale land. The most of this, by systematic drainage, 
has, however, been converted into productive fields. Sugar, beech, ash, oak, 
hickory, elm, black walnut and cherry were the most important woods that 
covered the ground when the first settlers arrived. Walnut, red elm and buck- 
eye were found along the creeks, and burr oak in the low lands. Consider- 
able underbrush also flourished. Some small tracts of timber were deadened 
by forest fires, which often raged in dry weather, and there were places, usual- 
ly wet where the fires in extremely diy weather had burned a kind of peat 
which covered the surface of the ground and with it the roots of the trees, un- 
til one after another the sturdy monarchs of the forest fell crashing to the 
earth. Several tracts, acres in extent, were thus entirely denuded of their 
forest covering. The land along the streams was a little higher and drier than 
the rest, and deemed more fertile, consequently the first settlements were made 
there. 

SURVEYS. 

The township contained one survey — in the north-central part — of 2,666f 
acres, and one in the northeastern part of 1,555^ acres. There are a number of 
1,000 acres, but the majority are of a lesser extent. The following is a list of 
surveys: Squire Grant, No. 7,373, 200 acres, lying in and north of Byhalia, 
surveyed October 30, 182'2, by Thomas J. McArthur; Maria and John C. 
Ransdale, heirs, and James Taylor and Charles Scott, assignees, No. 9,898,. 
528 acres, southwest corner of township, partly in Logan County, surveyed 
January 6, 1820, by Samuel Forrer; John Swan and James Taylor, No. 9,894, 
1,000 acres in the southwestern part of the township, surveyed January 7, 
1820, by Samuel Forrer; James Wallace and John McPherson, No. 9,895, 1, - 
000 acres, southwestern part of the township, surveyed January 7, 1820, by 
Samuel Forrer; Thomas Scott, No. 9,896, 364 acres, south of Byhalia, surveyed 
November 5, 1821, by Thomas McArthur; James Fitzpatrick, No. 9,896, 100 
acres, southeast of Byhalia, surveyed November 5, 1821, by Thomas Mc- 
Arthur; Robert Sayer, James Taylor, Nicholas Tallioferro and James 
Tayloy, No. 9,897, 1,000 aci-es east of Byhalia, surveyed January 8, 1820,. 
by Samuel Forrer; William Dark's representatives. No. 9,916, 833 acres, 



658 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

south-rentral part of the township, surveyed by Thomas J. Mc Arthur, Novem- 
ber 3, 1821; Rowland Madison's representatives, No. 9,917, 1,000 acres, 
east-central part of townshij^, surveyed January 15, 1820, by Samuel 
Forrer; James Berwick, No 9,918, 6(36| acres, eastern part of t(^wnship, 
surveyed February 14, 1826, by Thomas J. McArthui-; Michael Rudolph's 
representatives, Nos. 9,960 and 10,012, 2,000 acres, northwest corner of town- 
ship and partly in Logan and Hardin Counties, surveyed November 10, 1821, 
by Thomas J. McArthur; Presley Davis, No. 10,383, 200 acres, northeastern 
part, mostly in Hardin County, surveyed by Thomas J. McArthur December 
16, 1823; Richard Davis, No. 10,938, 200 acres, southeastern part, surveyed 
April 30, 1824, by Thomas J. McArthur; Robert Dugan, No. 10,938, 200 acres, 
southeastern part, surveyed April 30, 1824, by Thomas J. McArthur; John 
Lipscomb, No. 10,938, 200 acres, southeast corner of township, surveyed April 
30, 1824, by Thomas J. McArthur; George Winchester, No. 10,971, 2,6661 
acres, surveyed by Thomas J. McArthur October 29,1822; Richard Dorsey, No. 
12,105. 1,000 acres, western part of township, surveyed by Thomas J. McAr- 
thur November 8, 1824; Elizabeth R. Worthington's heirs, No. 12,112, 1,333^ 
acres, westei'n part of township and partly in Logan County, surveyed by E. 
P. Kendi-ick July 1, 1840; George Lambert, No. 12,281, 500 acres, mostly in 
Hardin County, surveyed by Thomas J. McArthur December 15, 1823; Eliza- 
beth A. P. Scarborough, No. 12.289, 1.555^ acres, surveyed by Thomas J. Mc- 
Arthui- April 29, 1824; James J. Teackle, No. 12,360, 916i acres, mostly in 
Hardin County, surveyed by Thomas J. McArthur April 30, 1824; John 
Evans, No. 13,320, 160 acres, west of Byhalia, surveyed by Cadwallader Wal 
lace July 10, 1832; James Gallaway, Jr., No. 13,427, 89 acres, eastern part of 
township, surveyed by James Gallaway, Jr., November7, 1833; Cadwallader 
Wallace, No. 13,748, 260 acres, northern part, surveyed by Cadwallader Wal- 
lace March 21, 1836; Allen Latham, No. 14,639, 330 acres, southeastern part, 
surveyed by E. P. Kendricks, December 25, 1843; Thomas Paisley, No. 12,- 
189, 200 acres, partly in Hardin and Madison Counties, surveyed by Thomas 
J. McArthur December 16, 1823; Abraham J. Williams, No. 10,177, 523 acres 
in northern part of township; W. and J. Tibbs and othevs, No. 9,915, 959 
acres, mostly in Logan County, surveyed by Samuel Forrer January 14, 1820; 
Robert Green, No. 10,945, eastern part of township, 166 acres. The surveys 
were usually found to contain more land than the quantity for which they 
were surveyed, and in some cases the excess was considerable. 

EARLY SETTLEMENTS. 

The first white occupants of Washington Township were mainly a class 
of men who were attracted thither by the game, which abounded in the deep 
solitudes of the region. They were usually men who enjoyed hunting and 
trapping better than anything else, who possessed no land and who did not 
care to possess any, but preferred ranging over large scopes of country at will 
to owning and tilling a limited tract of land. The proprietors of the land 
here were mostly non-residents of Ohio, and the first squatters would pitch 
their tents at desirable localities without attempting to find the owner and ob- 
tain permission, and in this they were seldom molested. The owners rarely 
knew of the squatter occupancy, and when they did were usually not disposed 
to remove the occupants as the cabin that would invariably be erected and 
the little clearing that would be made enchanced the value of the land. But 
few traces remain of these primitive settlers, although it is scarcely more 
than a half century since the land was first occupied. Almost all the pioneers, 
both those whose title to possession was only the frail squatter's claim and 
those who purchased and improved land, have long ago emigrated to other parts. 



I 



WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. 659 

Before tiling was introduced to reclaim the lands from swales and swamps, 
agricultural pursuits were attended with serious obstacles and meager results 
and the discontent thus produced promoted emigration to other localities. 
The darkest period in the township history was after game had disappeared 
from the forests and before the improved system of farming was adopted. To 
those who loved the free and roaming life of a huntsman, Washington Town- 
ship invited a sojourn for many years. Game was abundant and the product 
of the chase found an easy mai^ket, sufficient to provide for the few, simple 
wants which the position of the squatters required. For a few years after the 
first settlers came, the "Wyandot Indians shared with the whites the occupancy 
of the hunting grounds in this vicinity. The Indians engaged in trapping and 
also in sugar-making to some extent. Their relations to the whites were al- 
ways of a friendly nature, and the two races sometimes pursued their favorite 
pastimes in company, and the young emigrants learned many a valuable fact in 
hunting from their swarthy neighbors. 

Edward, or Ned Southworth, as he was familiarly known, is reputed to 
be the first settler in the township, but the date of his arrival is not known. 
It was probably not far from 1830. He came from Logan County and owned 
a piece of land on Rocky Run. His brother, William Southworth, also moved 
to this township, but died a few years later. 

Stephen Davis, a prominent pioneer, moved to a little place he had pur- 
chased on Rocky Run in the eastern part of Survey No. 9,917, in 1832. He 
was born in Maryland and removed when a young man to Bom-bon County, 
Ky. There he remained until 1808, when he came to Ohio. He first lived in 
Brown, then Pickaway County, and from the latter place came to Washing- 
ton Township with his wife Sarah. He remained on his farm here the re- 
mainder of his life. He was influential among his neighbors and highly es- 
teemed. Of a large family of children, Ebenezer was the only one who emi- 
grated to this township. He came in 1832 from Pickaway County to Jackson 
Township, and to Washington Township in 1837. He succeeded his father 
in the possession of the farm and also succeeded to the esteem with which his 
father had been regarded. Ebenezer died May 2, 1867; his widow still sur- 
vives. 

John Dysert was among the first to settle on Rush Creek. He was born 
at Portsmouth, Ohio, moved to Ross County, then to Mill Creek, several miles 
below Marysville, whence he came here in 1836. He was a member of the 
Free- Will Baptist Church and was reputed to possess an excellent character. He 
owned no land and his tastes led him to follow hunting as a pursuit. Only 
three families had settled on Rush Creek in this township when he fcame. 
He remained here about nine years, then removed to Ross County. His wife 
was Mary^ Wheeler, and his family consisted of twelve children, four of whom 
now reside in Jackson Township. 

The Titsworths came about 1834. They consisted of Isaac Titsworth, 
his wife and two sons — itiram and Lemuel — and several daughters. They had 
formerly resided for many years in Logan County. They settled in the south- 
western part of Svirvey 9,917, about a mile northeast from Byhalia, on the Es- 
sex road. Hiram was the first Justice of the Peace in the township. But 
little legal erudition was then requisite as a qualification for election to this 
office and legal forms were not very closely observed at first. Hiram afterward 
sold his place of 126 acres in Survey 9,917, and removed to Missouri. Isaac 
and his wife died in the township, and Lemuel moved to Richland County, 
near Mansfield, after disposing of his farm in this township. 

James Foster was a good specimen of the rough backwoodsman. He 
owned ninety-one acres in Survey 9,917, but remained here only a few years. 

35 



660 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY, 

He hailed origiBally from the South, and moved with a large family to near 
Middlebury, Logan County. 

Jonathan Haynes was one of the foremost pioneers. He owned and , oc- 
cupied a 100-acre farm on Rush Creek in the northeast corner of Survey 9, - 
917, since known as the H. W. Minuh place. Mr. Haynes removed to Mt. 
"Victory, Ohio, where he kept hotel for awhile. He died in that village. 

John Johnson came about 1837. He was raised in Logan County, mar- 
ried Ann Southworth and purchased a portion of Survey 13,3'JO, just north- 
west of Byhalia. He was industrious and accumulated some property. He 
returned to Logan County and is still living near Pickerill, that county. His 
son, Hosea, lived for a short time on Rocky Fork, then removed to Logan 
County. 

Jeremiah Lingrel came in 1837 from Logan County. He was a native of 
Virginia and in Logan County married Ellen Ragan, by whom he had thir- 
teen children. For many years after he came to Washington Township he 
owned no land. He built his first cabin north of Byhalia, and when the 
Marysville & Kenton road was opened the cabin stood in the way and had 
to be removed. He then lived in the Harriman place in the southwest part of 
Survey 9,916; he afterward moved to the western part of the township. 

Marquis Osborn came in 1837. He was an Eastern man, bixt prior to his 
residence here lived a while near Urbana. He had a small family and died 
at his place on Rush Creek — Survey 13, 427, later known as the Burnside farm. 

In the same year, Moses Bedford was making shoes on Rocky Fork. He 
owned no land and remained in the township but a short time. 

Jesse Thornton settled in the township about 1835, purchasing 150 acres 
in Survey 13,320, northwest from Byhalia. He was originally from South 
Carolina, but had lived in Virginia and Tennessee before emigrating to Ohio. 
He first located in Champaign County and then lived in Logan County eleven 
years before coming here. He engaged in shoe-making and coopering before 
settling in Washington Township, but here he devoted his attention entirely 
to farming. He had married Nancy Richardson and raised a large family. 
His children were James, Boyd, Jacob, Aaron, Jesse, Mary, Sallie, wife of 
Levin Wright, Lucinda, the wife of Solomon Shirtzler, Rachel, wife of John 
Harriman, and Nancy, wife of Joshua Harriman. IVIr. Thornton was born in 
1777, and died in Washington Township March 31, 1857. 

Southworth Mather settled on Rocky Fork at an early day. He came 
from the East somewhere, and was a local Methodist preacher. Like many 
others, he was a squatter at first, but afterward purchaFed land. He removed 
to Paulding County. 

John W. Basard, in 1837-38, located in the extreme eastern part of the 
township on Rush Creek. He hailed from Logan County, and devoted his 
time and attention for awhile to farming. He then opened a little grocery 
store on Ru«h Creek and sold a considerable amount of goods to his neigh- 
bors. Christopher Richards was one of the earliest occupants of the land on 
Rocky Fork. 

David Cunningham changed his residence from near West Liberty, Logan 
County, to a home in the wilderness, about two miles north of Byhalia prior to 
1840, but afterward sold out his worldly possessions here and went West. 
When last heard of he was still living. 

In L838, or earlier, Jacob Collins was living just north of what is now 
Byhalia, engaged in blacksmithing. He remained but a few years and removed 
farther west 

Joshua Hatcher was an early farmer in the township. His farm was 
situated about two miles west from Byhalia. He came from Logan County, 



I 



WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. 661 

and after a residence of a few years in Washington Township he returned 
thither. His brother, Isaac Hatcher, was also an early settler, 

James P. Scott was an early resident on Rush Creek. He moved here 
from Champaign County and afterward lived on Rocky Fork. He died in this 
township and his family moved West. 

John Williams came from Logan County about 1838, and settled in the 
northwestern part of the township. His sojourn here was short. After re- 
turning to Logan County, he emigrated to the West. George McElfish was an 
early settler on Rush Creek. William Tomlinson lived for a short time in 
pioneer days in the eastern portion of the township. 

James Bird was perhaps the first settler in the western part of the town- 
ship. He came to it in June, 1839. He had purchased 400 acres in Survey 
12,105 and had to cut a road to the place. His nearest neighbor, when he ar- 
rived, was Jeremiah Lingrel, who lived two and a half miles east, a short dis- 
tance northwest from what is now Byhalia. Mr. Bird was born in New York, 
and while in that State served in the war of 1812 a short time. He removed 
to Cuyahoga County ^Ohio, and thence to Logan Coimty, where in addition to 
his farm labors he preached the Gospel to his neighbors and also practiced the 
" Thompsonian" system of medicine. But after his removal to Washington 
Township all his energies were given to the development of his farm. He 
brought with him five children — Gorum, William, Albert, James and Olive 
(Ennis). He was born June 8, 1798, and died March 24, 1882. 

William Green, of Logan County, purchased land on Bokes Creek in the 
southwestern corner of the township, and his sons, George, Henry and John, 
cleared and afterward settled upon it, while the country around them was yet 
covered with one dense forest. After the Greens, Matthew Williams came 
from Logan County and settled in that vicinity. He died and was buried on 
the place. 

David Irwin, in 1836 or soon after, came from Logan County and opened 
a blacksmith shop near the Titsworth place on the Essex and Rush Creek 
road. He also carried on farming to a limited extent. He afterward removed 
with his family to Missouri. 

In 1840, the township was very sparsely settled. Land was then worth 
from $3 to $8 per acre. During the next twenty years, the township steadily 
increased in population and the land was gradually cleared and placed under 
cultivation. In 1855, Matthew Lingrell purchased his farm in and north of 
Byhalia for $7 per acre. He has recently refused $80 per acre for it. With- 
in the last two or three years the land has increased greatly in value. Its 
average market value exceeds |50 per acre, while but a few years ago it was 
not valued at more than |30 or $35 on an average. The tax duplicates reveal 
the material increase of wealth, both of personal and real property in the 
township. In 1837, the year after the township was organized, the total tax- 
able personal property consisted of twenty-seven horses and thirty- seven cattle, 
with a valuation of $1,376, and tax of $18.23. The real estate was returned 
15,157 acres: valuation, $14,266; tax, $188.48. In 1840, there were 20,015 
acres, valued at $20,015, and town lots at $223; personal property — thirty- two 
horses, $1,280, sixty-eight cattle, $544, moneys, $100, total valuation, $22,- 
163; taxes, $332,45, of which $149,64 was delinquent. In 1850, the acreage 
was 16,768, valuation, $40,748; chattels, $6,951; total, $47,699; taxes, 
$855.90. In 1860, the acreage was 17,087, valuation, $146,971, tax, 
$1,660.78. In 1870, 17,280 acres, valuation, $287,681 tax, $10,400. In 
1880, 17,819 acres, valuation, $319,591; buildings, $12,310; chattels, $83,268. 

Washington Township has been distinctively rural in its character. Its 
people have pursued the even tenor of an agricultm-al life, and neither built up 



662 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

villao-es in their midst nor engaored in extensive industrial pursuits. There 
are or have been no grist mills within the limits of the township, except a 
tread horse mill owned by David Miller nearly forty years ago. It was a very 
rude and imperfect affair and only patronized to any considerable extent when 
very muddy roads or very dry weather rendered it impossible to get grists 
orround elsewhere. East Liberty, seventeen miles distant from Byhalia, was 
the principal milling point in early times. The timber has been cleared large- 
ly from the land since the introduction of portable saw mills and the early 
saw mill has had no place here. Timber was regarded as valueless by those 
who first occupied the township as permanent settlers. It was viewed only as 
an encumbrance to the cultivation of the soil to be annihilated in the easiest 
and most rapid manner possible. The usual way of first deadening the tim- 
ber by cutting a ring around the tree through the bark and afterward felling, 
was in many cases deemed too slow an operation, and the timber was cut in 
the green. A number of the earlier settlers owned little asheries on their 
places and manufactured "black salts" from the ashes produced by the rapid 
clearing of their farms. The salts found a ready sale in Marysville and else- 
where, and from the money received from it they easily supplied themselves 
with the necessaries of life until their crops were harvested. Ed Blacock had 
an ashery on his place in the western part of the township — the E. O. Ste- 
venson farm, southwestern corner of Survey 10,971. Elisha and James 
Wright, the El Uses and others in the northwestern portion of the township also 
possessed them. 

ELECTIONS. 

In 1836, when the township was organized, there are said tu have been 
sixteen voters here — Benjamin Davis, Isaac Titsworth, George McElfish, Le- 
muel Titsworth,William Southard, Stephen Davis, William E. Curl, James Fos- 
ter, Joseph Davis, Hiram Titsworth, Jonathan Haynes, John V. Streeter, 
John Dysert and Edward Southard. At gubernatorial election of that year, 
.however, only eleven votes were cast, all for Joseph Vance. Since then the 
votes of Washington Township for Governor have been as follows: 1838, Jo- 
seph Vaace, 12, Wilson Shannon, 5; 1840, Thomas Corwin, 22, Wilson Shan- 
non, 3; 1842, Thomai? Corwin, 12, Wilson Shannon, 5; 1844, Mordecai Bart- 
ley, 22, David Tod, 4; 1846, William Bebb, 26, David Tod, 3; 1848, Seabury 
Ford, 28, John B. Weller, 15, scallering, 1; 1850, William Johnson, 26, Reu- 
ben Wood, 12; 1851, Samuel F. Vinton, 28, Reuben Wood, 13, Samuel Lewis, 
6; 1853, Nelson Barrere, 27, William Medill, 18, Samuel Lewis, 20; 1855, 
Salmon P. Chase, 42, William Medill, 16, Allen Trimble, 5; 1857,, Salmon P. 
Chase, 47, H. P. Payne, 13, P. Van Trump, 2; 1859, William Dennison, 58, R. 
P. Ranney, 7; 1861, David Tod, 72, H. J. Jewett,12; 1863, John Brough, 119, 
C. L. Vallandigham, 16, 1865, J. D. Cox, 93, George W. Morgan, 18; 1867, 
R. B. Hayes, 109. Allen G. Thurman, 30; 1869, R. B. Hayes, 122, George H. 
Pendleton, 22; 1871, E. F. Noyes, 124, George W. McCook, 18; 1873, E. F. 
Noyes, 132, William Allen, 29, Gideon T. Stewart, 3; 1875, R. B. Hayes, 160, 
William Allen, 45; 1877, William H. West, 133, R. M. Bishop, 52; 1879, 
Charles Foster, 195, Thomas Ewing, 56; 1881, Charles Foster, 193, John W. 
Bookwalter, 49, A. R. Ludlow, 1. 

As will be seen, the township has been uniformly and heavily Whig and 
Republican in its political complexion since the organization of the township 
except in 1853. In 1840, at the Presidential election there were but three 
Democratic voters in the township, and they, preferring to caat their votes in a 
more congenial clime, voted in an adjoining township, the election laws then 
permitting a citizen of a county to vote for President at any precinct in the 
county. 



WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. 663 

The Justices of the Peace for Washington, with the dates of election, are as 
follows: Hiram Titsworth, 1836; Hiram Titsworth, 1842; Joshua B. Haynes, 
1845; Nathan Hemin, 1848; Kees Miller, 1851; Nathan Heming, 1851; Hiram 
Titsworth, 1854, resigned in 1856; Nathan Heming, 1854; William Williams, 
1856; Walter Allyn, 1857; Gorum Bird, 1857; Walter Allyn, 1860; William 
Ballinger, 1860; William Spack, 1862; William W. Ballinger, 1863; William 
Spack, 1865; John Kea, 1865; Matthew Lingrell, 1868; Milton Southard, 
1868; Matthew Lingrell, 1871; Milton Southard, 1871; Gorum Bird, 1874; 
Matthew Lingrell, 1874; Aaron Coleman, 1877, resigned 1878; Matthew 
Lingi-ell, 1877; George Miller, 1878, resigned 1879; N. M. Baldwin, 1879; 
S. S. Sherwood, 1880; N. M. Baldwin, 1882. 

The tirst election was held at the house of Stephen Davis and after his 
decease at the residence of his Son, Ebenezer Davis. When the schoolhouse 
was erected just north of the Methodist Church ab<we Byhalia, it became the 
voting place. In 1882, a neat township house was erected in Byhalia. 

VILLAGES. 

Byhalia, comprising probably a dozen houses and a few stores, is a busy 
little trading point and the only approach to a village in the township. It is 
situated in the southern part of the township at the crossing of the Marysville 
& Kenton and Rush Creek & Essex Gravel Roads, and is a growth of but 
two or thren years. In the earlier days of the townshij), two attempts were 
made to establish a village, but each met with a signal failure. 

Arbela was a village plat laid out by Marquis L. Osborne, July 25, 1838. 
It was situated in the eastern part of the township, north of and near Rush 
Creek, on Sixrvey 13,427, the N. Burnside place. John W. Basard kept a gro- 
cery and followed gunsmithing, and Stacy Smith lived and taught school here 
for a short time, and this is the extent of the known human habitation of the 
place. The utmost endeavors of its founder failed to make it a metropolis or 
an emporium of trade. The plat consisted of forty-tive lots, a public square 
and two streets — Main and Osborne. The lots were 4x12 poles in size; their 
courses, north 12° west and north 78° east. There are now two small 
country stores in the eastern part of the township. 

In the spirit of a generous rivalry, it is said, Haynesville was laid out by 
Jonathan Haynes September 4, 1838, about one mile up Rush Creek fi'om Ar- 
bela and on the southern, banks of the stream. It was of more modest dimen- 
sions than its established rival, containing but twenty-one lots and a public 
square. This attempt at town-making proved more abortive than the other, 
for so far as known it remained in utter solitude. Its streets were Main and 
Rush Creek. 

In striking contrast with these two unsuccessful efforts Byhalia has be- 
come the seat for a prosperous little town by the process of natural selection 
without any boosting from interested parties. It has never been laid out; its 
lots have been sold by metes and bounds by the owners of the land as fast as 
they were required. Rees Miller opened a little store about thirty years ago 
on the Jehu Gray farm,a short distance north of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 
On application, a post office was established at the store, with Mr. Miller as 
Postmaster, and named Byhalia. The store was maintained here for about 
twenty years and passed through the hands of quite a number of owners. 
Jehu Gray became Mr. Miller's partner after awhile, and they were succeeded 
by Nathan Moffat, William Davis, Walter Allyn, who left in 1861, Joshua 
B. Haynes, Robert Dodds, James Eaton, Moffat and Gray and P. Alien. The 
last mentioned closed business here about 1870. At the cross roads or what 



G64 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

is now Byhalia, there stood at this time three farmhouses, belonging to and 
occupied by Matthew Lingrell, Orson Allen and Horace Pinney. Xvilliam 
Moffat piu'chased a corner lot off the Pinney farm, built a store-room and there 
offered a general stock of goods for sale to the public. Except one year, 
when Logan & Coleman operated the store, Mr. Moffat has been in possession 
of the store ever since. When Mr. Moffat returned and took possession again 
about four years ago, Logan & Coleman erected a store building and opened 
the second store in the place. They sold general merchandise for three years, 
then in November, 1881, sold to G. J. & N. M. Baldwin, who are the present 
owners. In May, 1881, J. W. Mehaffey opened a drug store, and in March, 
1882, Alfred Davis brought to the village a stock of hardware, notions and 
groceries; both these stores are still operated by their founders. Jefferson 
Severe erected a hotel a few years ago and was its first proprietor; he subse- 
quently rented it to T. W. Tolman, then sold it to Marion Flickinger. G. J. 
Baldwin purchased from Mr. Flickinger in March, 1881, and about nine 
months later disposed of it to the present proprietor, Z. R. Thornton. 

Dr. Hiram Myers was the lirsfc practicing physician at Byhalia. He 
opened an office about thirty years ago and practiced ten or twelve years. Dr. 
William Breese succeeded him, but remained only a short time. Dr. Gustavus 
Skidmore then became the physician of this vicinity, but several years later he 
removed to Essex and subsequently to Pharisburg. Dr. Emanuel Whittaker 
also practiced here for a time, then moved West. The two physicians now lo- 
cated here are Drs. B. A. Martin and George Martin; both have been here for 
a number of years and have won a good, established practice. 

During the past year there have been more buildings erected than at any 
time previous. About fifteen families now reside here. There are two black- 
smith shops. In 1879, the lines of the adjacent school districts were changed so 
as to give Byhalia a school, and it now has a substantial frame schoolhouse. G. 
J. Baldwin is the present Postmaster. The office was transmitted from one 
merchant to another at the store where it was first established until the seat of 
business shifted to the site of Byhalia, and it has since been held by William 
Moffat, Aaron Coleman and G. J. Baldwin successively. 

CEMETEEIES. 

The township cemetery is situated on an elevated lot of ground on the 
Boyd Thornton farm, northwest from Byhalia. It was first used as a private 
burial ground and since about 1854 the fearthlyl remains of most of Washington 
Township's deceased have reposed beneath its sod. The lot originally included 
a half acre, but recently another half acre has been added. The first grave- 
yard in the township was on the Titsworth place, northeast of Byhalia, and 
many of the earliest settlers have been interred here. For about thirty years, 
however, it has ceased to subserve this sacredpurpose, and a more neglected 
spot could scarcely now be found. Many of the remains have been removed to 
other cemeteries. It lies so close to the channel of Rocky Fork that the graves 
are in danger of being despoiled of their hallowed trusts by the treacherous 
current, and it is said that skeletons have already been washed away by its 
waters. Another small cemetery is situated in the eastern part of the township 
on the Nathan Burnside place. It has been in use for many years. 

SCHOOLS. 

On the Titsworth place a log schoolhouse was erected through the joint 
labors of the settlers in that vicinity at an early day. It was probably the 
first building of the kind in the township and stood near the old cemetery. 



I 



WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. 6^65 

Joseph Carter was one of the first teachers. He taught one or two winters 
only. David Ellis taught several terms in the same school, and was considered 
an excellent teacher. For a number of years after, a subscription school 
was held on the Kenton & Marysville road, some distance north of Byhalia. 
Stacy Smith was also an early teacher here. The schools were held very irregu- 
larly before the establishment of the common district schools, and terms were 
usually of three months' duration. The first school in the western part of the 
township was held in a log house which stood on the Bird farm. Mary John- 
son was the first teacher. She received only 75 cents per week and " boarded 
'round. " Margaret Johnson afterward taught at the same place. There are 
now eight school districts within^the township, each of which is supplied with 
a good building, furnished with modern school furniture and appliances. 

CHURCHES. 

Davis Methodist Protestant Chapel is located on the Essex & Rush 
Creek road, in the eastern part of the township. The society was organized 
in 1848 with ten members — Jonathan Fields and wife, Ebenezer Davis and 
wife, Thomas Miller and wife, Jesse Weatherbee and wife and Jefferson 
Fields and wife — by the Rev. Cyrus Carter in a log schoolhouse which stood 
on Lemuel Titsworth's land. The services were held in this schoolhouse for 
ten or twelve years, when the neat frame church now used as the house of 
v/orship was constructed. Ebenezer Davis, Thomas Miller and John McPeck 
were the largest contributors in the enterprise. The first mentioned donated 
the lot upon which the house was erected. Rev. Oliver Stephens was the pas- 
tor in charge when it was built. The church has been prosperous and now 
contains fifty-seven members. Rev. James Adams has perhaps been the most 
successful pastor. During the revival services conducted by him, the mem- 
bership of the church increased to considerably more than one hundred. This 
church has been a charge in the Richwood Circuit until about a year ago, when 
it and the Essex church engaged the services of Rev. Cadwallader, who has 
since administered to them. A Sabbath school is regularly maintained during 
pleasant weather. 

A Methodist Episcopal society was organized about 1840, in a log school- 
house built in the woods on Rocky Run, near where Southworth Mather then 
lived, afterward the Hiram Titsworth and now the William Haynes place. 
The membership was small, and most prominent among the little band were 
Hiram and Lemuel Titsworth, John Johnson and Southworth Mather. The 
latter two were local preachers. Services were continued in a log schoolhouse 
until a new schoolhouse was built on the newly opened Marysville & Kenton 
road, which stood near the site of present Methodist Church, north of Byhalia. 
Services were then held in the schoolhouse for a number of years. By the re- 
moval of members from the neighborhood, the society became ' very weak 
numerically and regular preaching was suspended. 

About 1872, a class of the Methodist Episcopal Church, consisting of per- 
haps twelve members, was organized, with Allen Haines as class leader. The 
society prospered, and in 1876 erected a commodious and handsomely con- 
structed edifice, 34x48 feet, north of Byhalia half a mile, and close to the 
schoolhouse, in which the meetings had previously been conducted. Its cost 
exceeded $2,000. It was dedicated by Rev. David Rutledge, then Presiding 
Elder of the district to which it was attached. The first steps looking to the 
erection of the chui'ch were taken during the pastorate of Rev. Solomon Lin- 
sley. His successors as pastors of this church have been Revs. William Shultz, 
William Dunlap, J. C. Clemmons, David Bowers and John W. Donnan. The 
last mentioned is now serving his second year. The Byhalia Church was orig- 



66(5 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

inally included in the Mt. Victory Circuit, composed of four charges — By- 
halia, Mt. Victory, Wilson Chapel and Reinhart Church. It is now an ele- 
ment in the York Center Circuit, which comprises four churches — McKendree at 
York Center, Byhalia, Summersville and Bethel. The present membership is 
about forty. A Sabbath school was organized subsequent to the erection of 
the church, and is now working in an active and successful manner. It con 
tains ninety-five members, eight classes and is superintended by William 
Haines. 

In the extreme northwestern corner of Washington Township is an or- 
ganization of the Quakers or Friends, known as Rush Creek Chui'ch. Its 
membership is drawn from Hardin and Logan Counties as well as this town- 
ship. The organization was effected soon after the close of the rebellion in a 
log schoolhouse. A few years later, through the efforts of Obediah Williams. 
Bennett Watkins, Isaac Penoc and other early members, a frame structure was 
erected, which has since served as their meeting house. At the organization of 
the society, the membership scarcely numbered half a dozen. It is now prob- 
ably forty. Services are held every Sabbath. A Sabbath school has been 
maintained for many years. 

In the southwestern portion of the township is a religious society of the 
Free-Will Baptist persuasion, which owns no house of worship, but meets in the 
Bird Schoolhouse. It was organized there about ten years ago by Elder 
George Baker, then of Marion County, Ohio. He and Elder K. F. Higgins 
have been the only two pastors in charge. The early membership was small, 
and included the names of Gorum Bird and wife Arsadilla, Albert Bird and 
wife Mary, William Peterson and wife Ellen, and Rachel and Mary Elliott. 
A Sabbath school has been supported until the present year, when, owing to the 
temporary suspension of regular services, the school, too, ceased active work. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

ISHMAEL ARMINTROUT, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia. The sul^ject of this sketch was born m 
Rockingham County, Va., December 25, 1823, and when twelve years of age, with his parent--, 
Jacob and Fanny Armintrout, he went to Indiana, where they, however, remained but a short 
time. From thence they came to Montgomery County, Ohio, where they located two years, and 
for the year following lived in Madison County. They subsequently went to Franklin County, 
where tliey remained until their decease. Of a family of nine children, five are now living, viz.: 
Gideon, Martha, Clara, Ishmael and .Jemima. On .June 6, 184(3, our subject was unite 1 in 
marriage in Franklin County to Miss L. S. Warner, who was born May 21, 1836, in Che- 
nango County, N. Y. She is a daughter of Stephan and Hannah (deceased) Warner, now of 
Franklin County, Ohio. To them have been born ten children — Lucy M. (deceased), Henrietta 
F., Jacob S., Delilah J., Addison 0., Martha, Albert J., Henry G., Isadora and Clara E. In 
the spring of 1869, with his family, he came to Washington Township, Union County, and for 
three years located near Byhalia; he then moved to the western portion of Washington Town- 
ship, where he now resides. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and the owner 
of 140 acres of land in a good state of cultivation. 

JOSEPH C. BALDWIN, fiirmer, P. 0. Mt. Victory, Hardin County, Ohio, was born 
in Stark County, Ohio, July 3, 183^ ; his parents were Roswell and Martha Baldwin, his father 
a native of Connecticut and his mother of Virginia. They settled in Stark County at an early 
day. When fifteen years of age, wi*h his parents, he came to Logan County, where they re- 
mained until 1871, in which year they came to Washington Township, Union County. On Se])- 
tember 24, 1857, he was united in marriage to Miss Sarah S. Elliott, who was born November 
29, 1833; she is a daughter of Samuel and ^lartha Elliott. To them have been born live 
children, three of whom are still living — Mary E., Martha M. and Charles R. In February, 
1871, he came to Union County and settled in ^\%shington Township, where he now resides. 
He has served as School Director and is a member and an Elder of the Friends Society. On 
September 24, 1882, their silver wedding was celebrated, when Mrs. Baldwin, who has been an 
invalid for eight years, became the recipient of many valuable presents. They have a large 
circle of friends and acquaintances, with whom they are quite popular. Mr. Baldwin is the 
owner of fifty-six and one-half acres of b'.nd. 

NATHAN M. BALDWIN, junior member of the firm of G. J. Baldwin & Co., Byhalia, was 
born May 17, 1844, in Champaign County, Ohio. He is a son of Lewis C. Baldwin (deceased) 



WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. 667 

and Ann Baldwin. When about ten years of age, with his parents, he came to York Township, 
Union County. He received a common-school education. On September 15, 1869, he was 
united in marriage to Miss Mary A. Cahill, daughter of Clement Cahill (deceased) and Martha 
Cahill, of Washington Township. The fruits of this union are two children — William W. and 
Howard 0. In connection with his mercantile trade, he is at present also engaged in agricultural 
pursuits. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and the owner of forty acres of 
land. In March, 1865, he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Ninety-second Ohio Vol- 
unteer Infantry, Army of the Cumberland, and received an honorable discharge in September of 
the same year. He has served as Justice of the Peace in Washington Township. 

Gould J. Baldwin, senior member, was born December 23, 1847, in Champaign County, 
Ohio. Like his brother, when a boy, he came to Union County with his parents. On July 21, 

1870, he married Miss Louisa 0. Southard, daughter of Ely B. and Jane Southard. They have 
one child — Otway. For twelve years, he has been engaged in the mercantile business. As a 
firm, they are courteous and obliging to their patrons, and always aim to give satisfaction. 
They deal in dry goods and general merchandise, such as is usually kept in a country store. 

G. BIPiD, farmer, P. 0. Mt. Victory, Hardin County, Ohio, was born in New York 
State October 21, 1817. When two years of age, with his parents, James and Mary Bird, 
he came to Cuyahoga County, Ohio, where they remained until he was perhaps twelve 
years of age. They then came to Logan County, where they located until the spring of 
1839, when they came to Washington Township, Union County. They endured the usual 
hardships and self-denials which are incident to pioneer life. Of a family of six children, 
three are now living, viz., Gorum, William and Albert. In May, 1849, our subject was united 
in marriage to Arcadilla Scott, daughter of James and Margaret Scott, early settlers of Cham- 
paign County ; she is a distant relative of the late Gen. Winfield Scott. This union has been 
blessed with six children — Sarah M., Caroline, Emeline, Dellie, Darwin S. and John \V. (de- 
ceased). He has served as Justice of the Peace of Washington Township for six years, and as 
Trustee several years. He is a member of the Baptist Church and the owner of 145 acres of 
land. 

ELI BOLEN, blacksmith, Bjhalia. The subject of this sketch was born in Adams County, 
Ohio, October 17, 1847; he is a son of Alexander Bolen and Lydia Bolen, the former at 
present residing at Bellefontaine, Logan County. When five years of age, with his parents, he 
came to Union County. On April 17, 1870, in Hardin County, he was united in marriage to 
Miss Lucinda McCall, daughter of Thomas and Judith McCall, of Hardin County. To them have 
been born two children — Ivery L., born February 11, 1874, and Coral W., born March 30, 

1871, died May 10, 1879. In 1870, Mr. Bolen engaged in blacksmithing in Logan County, and 
continvied the same several years. In April, 1879, he located at Byhalia, this county. He 
does general blacksmithing, and being a first-class workman, gives entire satisfaction to his pa- 
trons. He has been abundantly successful in business, owing principally to his industry and 
good management. He and wife are both members of the M. E. Church. 

NATHAN BURNSIDE. farmer, P. 0. Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born in 
Logan County, Ohio, December 4, 1817. His parents were Alexander and Elizabeth Burnside, 
who came from Virginia, and settled in Logan County at an early day. He has seen and en 
dured much of pioneer life. On April 2, 1840, in Logan County, he married Miss Sarah Mo- 
Gee, daughter of William and Jane McGee (now deceased), of Logan County. To them have 
been born eight children, six of whom are still living, viz.: Alexander W., William M., Samuel 
G., Lewis C, Mary J. and Elizabeth E. In 1843, he came to Union County, and for eighteen 
months located in Washington Township, on a tract of land where he now resides. He subse- 
quently spent a short time in Iowa, Indiana and Logan County, Ohio, but in 1847 or 1848 re- 
turned to Washington Township. He has served as School Director, and is a member of the 
Baptist Church. As an agriculturist, he has met with good success, being a man of industrious 
and economical habits. He is the owner of 143 acres of land. 

ENOS CAHILL, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born in Tuscara- 
was County, Ohio, March 17, 1829. He is a son of William and Rebecca Cahill. On August 
1, 1849, in Tuscarawas County, he married Miss Isabel Martin, who was born September o, 
1827 ; she is a daughter of James and Jane Martin, now deceased. By this union there has 
been an issue of ten children — Rebecca J., Alexander, Mary M., AVilliam J., Susannah, Martha, 
Joseph H., Alpheretta, John E. and one died in infancy. In the autumn of 1863, with his 
family, he came to Union County, and settled in AVashington Township, at Byhalia, where he 
now resides. As an agriculturist, he has been successful, owing to his industry and good 
management. In March, 1865, he enlisted in the Eighteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Army of 
the Cumberland, and continued in the service until the following October. He has served as 
Assessor and Trustee of Washington Township, and is the owner of ninety-four acres of land in a 
good state of cultivaticn. 

ALFRED DAVIS, hardware merchant, Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born 
October 20, 1836, in Union County, Ohio ; he is a son of Ebenezer Davis (deceased) and Mary 
Davis, early settlers of Union County. In August, 1861, he enlisted in the Thirty-first Ohio 
Volunteer Infantry, Army of the Cumberland, and continued in the service until September of 



668 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

the following year. On March 8, 1863, he was united in marriage to Miss Melvina L. Pinney, 
daughter of Horace and Ohristena (deceased) Pinney. They have two children — Minnie and 
Elbert. Prior to his engaging in the hardware and grocery business, he engaged in farming, 
with the exception of one year spent in the mercantile business at Ridgeway, Hardin County. 
In March, 1882, he located in Byhalia. He is a gentleman of a pleasant disposition, and ac- 
commodating to his patrons. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. society, an(^ of the Methodist 
Episcopal Church. 

VALENTINE DEAR, farmer, P. 0. Mount Victory, Hardin County, was born in Baden, 
Germany, in April, 1823. His parents were Jacob and Frances Dear. He was reared to man's 
estate on a farm, and in his youth received but a meager education. In October, 1844, he was 
united in matrimony to Miss Mai-garet Rostetter. By this union there has been an issue of nine 
children, of whom eight are now living, viz. : Jonas, Theresa, Bertha, Felix. Sarah, Anne, Mary 
and Peter. In 1866, with his family, he emigrated to America, came to Union County, and set- 
tled in Washington Township. He is industrious, and the owner of 105 acres of land. 

JONATHAN C. FIELDS, farmer, P. 0. Richwood, was born in Logan County, Ohio, Oc- 
tober 26, 1818. His parents were Robert and Susan Fields, early settlers of Logan County. 
Of a family of eight children seven are yet living, viz. : Jonathan C, Jefferson C, Andrew J., 
Robert, Barbara, Lucinda and Charlotte. Our subject was in his youth trained to the pursuits 
of farming, and received the rudiments of education in a district school. On February 18, 1841, 
he was united in matrimony with Miss Elizabeth J. Atha, daughter of Thomas and Abigail Atha, 
of whom we have made mention in another portion of this work. To them have been born ten 
children, viz. : Mary A., Susannah, Melissa J., Easrum, Jasper N., James R., Emma 0., LeviC, 
Thomas J. and Sarah E., the latter two of whom are deceased. In March, 1850, Mr. Fields 
settled in the eastern portion of Washington Township, this county, on the farm at present oc- 
cupied by him. He owns 108 acres of land, and is a member of the Methodist Protestant 
Church. 

JEHU GRAY, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia, was born March 11, 1827, in Champaign County, Ohio. 
His parents were John and Ellen Gray, natives of Virginia, and early settlers of Champaign 
County. Of his father's family of six children two are now living — Jehu and Louisa. In his 
youth, Jehu received a fair English education, by means of which he was enabled for several 
years to teach school. On June 25, 1849, in Champaign County, he married Lydia Miller, 
daughter of John and Margaret Miller, of Champaign County. By her he had three children — 
John L., Aaron E. and Emma, the latter two of whom are deceased. Mrs. Gray died January 
16, 1866, and on March 21, 1867, he married Miss Johanna Stalder, daughter of Casper and 
Mary Stalder, of York Township, this county. To them have been born one child — Howard E. 
In the spring of 1852, Mr. Gray came to Union County, and settled in Washington Township. 
For nine years he has served as a Commissioner of Union County, and for many years as Clerk 
of Washinton Township. He discharged the duties of said offices faithfully and creditably. He 
is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. and F. & A. M. societies, and the owner of 343 acres of land. 

HENRY H. GREEN (deceased) was born May 21, 1814. He was reared to man's estate 
on a farm, and received a common school education, and for perhaps twelve years taught school. 
For his first wife he married Sarah Ellis, by whom he had one child (deceased). He was 
again married, on November 4, 1851, to Miss Lydia F. Lukens, an estimable lady and daughter 
of Jesse and Beulah Lukens, of Logan County, Ohio. By this union there was an issue of seven 
children, six of whom are now living — John L., Henry S., Ellis, William B., Sylvia A. and 
Angeline. About the year 1850, he settled in Washington Township, this county, where his 
widow now resides. He served as Trustee of Washington Township, and was a member of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church. He was a kind and loving father and an indulgent husband, 
and departed this life January 28, 1870. He left to his widow 161 acres of land. 

JAMES D. HAINES, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia, was born April 2, 1832, in Champaign County, 
Ohio; his parents were Allan and Sarah Haines, natives of Virginia, and among the first settlers 
of Champaign County. His father was a soldier of the war of 1812 with Great Britain. Of a 
large family of children, four are now living — James D., Jonathan, Harvey M. and Hope. In 
December, 1860, our subject married Keziah Stamats, daughter of John Stamats, of York Town- 
ship, this county, and by her had one child — Cyrus N. She died in 1863, and in 1865 he mar- 
ried Rhoda Speck, by whom he had two children — Aggie M. and Aaron C. (deceased). She 
died in 1875. For his third wife, he married, in March, 1877, Elizabeth Martin, widow of the 
late Luther Martin, of Union County, and daughter of Casper and Mary Stalder, of York Town- 
ship, this county. By her he has one child — Sylvia J. In the spring of 1859, he came to 
Union County and settled in Washington Township. He has served as Treasurer of Washington 
Township one year. He is the owner of 308 acres of land, and a member of the Methodist 
Episcopal Church. 

WILLIAM M. HAINES, farmer and pike contractor, P. 0. Byhalia, was born in Champaign 
County, Ohio, February 20, 1841, and is a son of Jonathan Haines and Mary Haines (deceased) 
his father now residing at Byhalia, this county. When three years of age, with his parents, he, 
came to Union County, and in his youth received a fair English education. On June 4, 1864, 
he was united in marriage to Miss Margaret J. McPeck, who was born July 27, 1844, in Har- 



WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. 669 

rison County, Ohio. She is a daughter of William H. and Elizabeth McPeck, of York Township, 
this county, whose biography appears in this work. They have two children, viz.: George M., 
born .June 24, 1870, and Mary E., born May 23, 1872. In August, 1862, he enlisted in the 
First Battalion Ohio Sharp-Shooters, Army of the Cumberland. On November 8, 1864, he was 
taken prisoner at Kingston, Ga, by the confederates, and was subsequently confined in nine 
different Southern prisons. At the close of the war he was exchanged, and was honorably dis- 
charged from the service July 12, 1865. In connection with his farming, Mr. Haines is also 
engaged in building pike roads by contract. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church, and for eight years has been a local minister. He is at present filling the oflace of 
Trustee of Washington Township. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. Lodge, and the owner of 
128 acres of land. 

CALEB F. HAINES, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born February 
20, 1845, in Union County, Ohio. He is a son of .Joshua B. Haines (deceased) and Mary 
Haines, of this county. About the year 1840, his parents came to Union County and settled in 
Washington Township, where his father died August 17, 1882. They were the parents of seven 
children — Caleb F., Margaret, Lydia J., Fannie L., Rebecca, James H. and Sarah A., the latter 
five of whom are deceased. On January 6, 1867, our subject was united in marriage to Miss 
Margaret D. Miller, who was born November 28, 1849; she was a daughter of Thomas and 
Delilah Miller, whose biography appears in this work. To them have been born four children, 
viz.: Aaron L., born April 19, 1869; Milton B., born September 24, 1872; George F., born 
March 22, 1878, and Josephine, bora June 5, 1882. Mr. and Mrs. Haines are both members 
of the M. P. Church. In March, 1865, he enlisted in the Eighteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 
and continued in the service until the following October. He is a member of the F. & A. M. 
society, and the owner of about 160 acres of land. 

JOHN HARRIMAN, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born May 21, 
1827, in Harrison County, Ohio. His parents were Simpkin and Sarah Harriman. When about 
sixteen years of age, with them he came to Washington Township, this county. From his youth 
up he has been engaged in farming. On August 28, 1852, he was united in marriage to Miss 
Rachel Thornton, who was born in 1834; she was a daughter of Jesse and Nancy Thornton, 
early settlers of Union County. To them have been born five children, viz.: Caleb F., born No- 
vember 15, 1853; Rebecca J., born May 12, 1855; Mary M., born September 11, 1862; Hannah 
M., born December 12, 1868, and Harvey A., born January 31, 1874. As an agriculturist, Mr. 
Harriman has been successful, having comparatively little with which to start in life. He is at 
present serving as Trustee of Washington Township, and for twenty years has been engaged in 
auctioneering. He is the owner of ninety-five acres of laud, and is recognized as one of the 
thrifty agriculturists of Washington Township. 

GEORGE HARRIMAN, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born in 
Harrison County, Ohio, July 19, 1837. His parents were Simpkin and Sarah Harriman. When 
six years old, with his parents, he came to Washington Township, Union County, where his 
parents settled. Of a family of twelve children, nine are now living, viz.: Amos, John, Ezra, 
Ellen, Martha, Joshua, George, Rebecca and Ruth. In April, 1861, he enlisted in the Thirty- 
first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Army of the Cumberland, and participated in the battles of Chick- 
amauga. Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, Resaca, Murfreesboro, Kenesaw Mountain, siege of 
Atlanta, Goldsboro, Kingston, N. C, and numerous other engagements. He was honorably dis- 
charged in July, 1865. On July 4, 1868, he married Miss Mary C. MoflBtt, who was born in 
April, 1846, in Champaign County, Ohio; she is a daughter of Nathan Moffitt (deceased), and 
Lucy A. Moffitt. To them have been born five children — Flavilla, James S., Donna M., Frankie 
J. and William H. (deceased). Mr. Harriman is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. society, aud of 
the Grand Army of the Piepublic, and the owner of seventy acres of land. He has served as 
Assessor of Washington Township. 

ROBERT HICKS, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born in England 
December 26, 1825. When twelve years of age, with his parents, Thomas and Catherine, Hicks, 
he emigrated to America, and came to Knox County, Ohio, where they remained until their de- 
cease. Our subject was reared to manhood on a farm, and received but a limited education. On 
September 27, 1853, in Knox County, he married Miss Eunice Thompson, who was born January 
22, 1834, she was a daughter of Asa and Anne Thompson, of Knox County. By her he had nine 
children — Mary L., George H., Maria L., Salona E., Anna C, Ida J., John, Hattie B. and Bertha 
C. She departed this life February 17, 1879, loved and honored by all who knew her. In the 
fall of 1864, with his family, Mr. Hicks came to Washington Township, this county, and settled 
where he now resides. He is a member of the Baptist Church, and the owner of ninety-eight 
acres of land. 

MATTHEW LINGREL, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born in Lo- 
gan County, Ohio, November 25, 1825, and is a son of Jeremiah Langrel (deceased) and 
Eleanor Lingrel; his father was a native of Virginia, and his mother of Pennsylvania. In 1837, 
■with them he came to Washington Township, this county. On March 21, 1850, in Marion Coun- 
ty, he was united in marriage to Miss Martha Essex, a daughter of James and Ellen Essex, of 
J... 1 on County ; to them have been born eight children, of whom five are yet living, viz.: Louis 



670 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

M., Alice, John H., Newton H. and Reed. For twelve years, he has served as Justice of the 
Peace in Washington Township ; he has also served as Clerk and Trustee of the township. Mr. 
Lingrel is one of the self-made men of whom Union County may well be proud, for, according to 
his own statements, he commenced life with but comparatively little, and he is at present the 
owner of a fine farm of 370 acres. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F Lodge, and resides at his 
home in Byhalia. 

AVILLIAM MACOUBREY, farmer, P. 0. Rich wood. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Ireland March 2, 1825, and is a son of William and Mary A. Macoubrey. He married in 
Ireland Miss Jane Mulligan, daughter of James and Esther Mulligan. To them have been born 
three children — Mary A., born December 29, 1846: George A., born January 4, 1852; and 
William J., deceased. In 1857, with his family he emigrated to America, and by the way of 
New York came to Union County, Ohio. After living in several different parts of Union County, 
he finally, in the fall of 1873, settled in the southeastern portion of Washington Township. He 
is a man of industrious and economical habits, which have secured for him success. He is a 
member of the Presbyterian Church, and the owner of fifty acres of land. 

JAMES W. MAHAFFEY, druggist, Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born in Union 
County, Ohio, January 15, 1853. His parents were James and Matilda (deceased) MahafiFey, of 
Liberty Township, this county. He received a good English education. In the spring of 1879, 
he entered into the drug business at Newton, this county, where he remained until May, 1881, 
in which year he moved to Byhalia. He has established a good trade and is meeting with suc- 
cess. On December 25, 1875, he married Miss Allena Haines, daughter of Harvey M. and 
Elmira (deceased) Haines, of Union County. This union has been blessed with two children — 
Wilbur and Maud. He is a member of the F. & A. M. society. 

BRAYTON A. MARTIN, physician, Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born in Con- 
neticut February 5, 1886. His parents were Hosea and Beulah Martin. When a youth, he 
learned the trade of a carpenter and followed the same for severalyears. In 1863, he came to Union 
County, York Township, and for a time made his home with his aunt, Mary M. Martin, widow 
of the late Enos Martin. During the latter portion of 1866, and the beginning of 1867, for five 
months he attended the Starling Medical College at Columbus, and he again attended it in 1868 
and 1869, and graduated in March of the latter year. In July, 1869, he located at Byhalia and 
began the practice of his profession, where he remained until 1873. He then spent two years 
in Connecticut. In 1875, he went to Schuyler County, 111., where he located until 1880, in 
which year he returned to Byhalia. On December 22, 1873, he married Margaret Wilson, by 
whom he had one child — Mary Luella. Dr. Martin has been Treasurer of Washington Town- 
ship; is a member of the F. & A. M. society, and a physician of merit. 

JOHN McPECK, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia, an aged and venerable citizen of Washington 
Township, was born in Westmoreland County, Penn., May 11, 1814. His parents were John 
and Sarah McPeck. In his youth, he learned the trade of stone-cutting and brick -laying, and 
followed the same for more than twenty years. In 1836, he came to Harrison County, Ohio, 
where, on August 3, 1843, he was united in marriage to Miss Susannah McAfee, who was born 
March 8, 1824, in Pennsylvania. She is a daughter of James and Mary McAfee, with whom, 
when three years old, she came to Harrison County. To Mr. and Mrs. McPeck have been born 
seven children — James B., Orville D., Daniel, Mary T., Sarah M., William D. and Amanda M., 
the latter two of whom are deceased. lu 1852, he came to Union County and settled in Wash- 
ington Township. Like other early sellers, Mr. McPeck has endured hardships and self-denial. 
The tract of land on which he settled had perhaps three acres partly cleared ; but by his indus- 
try and pluck he succeeded in clearing it and to-day we behold it transformed into a good farm 
of eighty-three acres. He has served as Trustee of Washington Township, and is an ardent 
member of the Methodist Protestant Church. 

GEORGE M. McPECK, farmer, P. 0. Rich wood. The subject of this sketch was born in 
Harrison County, Ohio, July 19, 1842, and is a son of William H. and Elizabeth McPeck, whose 
biography appears in this history. When a youth, with his parents, he came to Union County. 
He received a fair English education and for a short time taught school. In December, 1861, he 
enlisted in the Eighty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was attached to the army of West 
Virginia. He participated in the battles of Cross Keys, Cedar Mountain and the second battle 
of Bull's Run, where he received a wound in the thigh. His regiment was then transferred to 
the Potomac and took an active part in the field of Gettysburg. He was subsequently trans- 
ferred to the Army of the Cumberland, Twentieth Corps, and was engaged at Mission Ridge, 
Lookout Mountain, Resaca, Dallas, Peach Tree Creek, Averysboro, Bentonville and numerous 
others. In July, 1865, he was honorably discharged from the service. On May 15, 1877, he 
married Miss Rachel E. Rowe, daughter of David Rowe (deceased) and Catherine Rowe, of Illi- 
nois. To them have been born two children, viz.: Winnifred, born October 10, 1878, and Mar- 
garet (deceased). He is a member of the F. & A. M. society, and of the Grand Army of the 
Republic, and the owner of 137 acres of land. 

THOMAS MILLER, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia, an aged pioneer of Washington Township, was 
born in Champaign County, Ohio, December 17, 1812. His parents were John and Margaret 
Miller, who emigrated from Virginia to Fayette County, Ohio, in 1804, and remained there a 



WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. 671 

short time, when they moved to Champaign County, where they remained until their decease. 
They were the parents of twelve children, sis of whom are now living, viz.: Joshua, Elizabeth, 
Margaret, Thomas, Rees and David. On March 2, 1837, in Champaign County, our subject 
married Miss Delila Wade, who was born November 11, 1819, in Champaign County, Ohio; 
she is a daughter of Garland and Rebecca Wade, natives of Virginia, who settled in Champaign 
County about the year 1813. By this union there has been an issue of eleven children — Jere- 
miah, Daniel M., Ellis W., Jehu W., Margaret D., Elizabeth J., Mary E., Mattie L., John J. F., 
Thomas F. and David E. ; the latter two of whom are deceased. Three of his sons — Jeremiah, 
David and Daniel were participants in the late war of the rebellion. In the spring of 1846, he 
came to Union County, and settlted in the eastern portion of Washington Township, where he 
now resides. He has served as Treasurer of Washington Township twenty-five years ; is a mem- 
ber of the Methodist Protestant Church, and the owner of a fine farm. 

GEORGE MILLER, physician, Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born in Shelby 
County, Ohio, January 12, 1848, and is a son of William Miller, deceased, and Lucinda Miller. 
He was reared in Shelby County, and received a fair English education. During the latter por- 
tion of 1869, and the beginning of 1870, for five months, he attended the Cincinnati College of 
Medicine and Surgery, and again attended it in 1872 and 1873, and graduated in March of the 
latter year. In the fall of 1875, he located at Byhalia, this county. He enjoys a good practice 
and is meeting with marked success. On July 1, 1880, he was united in marriage to Miss 
Lavina Tallman, who was born October 30, 1847, in Union County ; she is a daughter of Thomas 
W. and Mary Tallman, of Washington Township. They have one son, viz., George 0., born March 
18, 1881. Among his patients. Dr. Miller is quite popular, being an affable and agreeable gen- 
tleman. He is a member of the F. & A. M. society. 

ROBERT MOODY (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born in Ireland in 1832. 
His parents were James and Margaret Moody. He was reared on a farm and received but a 
rudimentary education. In June, 1853, he married Miss Jane Stewart, who was born in March, 
1830, in Ireland, and was a daughter of Samuel and Jane Stewart. By this union there has been 
»n issue of four children — Mary J., born February 20, 1855 ; Robert, born September 18, 1858 ; 
William D., born February 16, 1861, and George S., born March 15, 1863. In 1861, with his 
family, he emigrated to America, and came to Union County, Ohio. For several years he lived 
in York Township, when he came and settled in the southern portion of Washington Township. 
He was a member of the Presbyterian Church, and respected in society. To his family he was 
a devoted father and husband. On December 7, 1864, he fell at Murfreesboro, Tenn., while de- 
fending the flag of our Union in the late rebellion. His widow and fatherless children feel their 
irretrievable loss, but we trust their loss will be his gain. He left to his widow sixty-four acres 
of land. She is a member of the Presbyterian Church. 

JESSE MOORE (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born in Perry County, Ohio, 
October 27, 1817. His parents were George and Rachel Moore, natives of Pennsylvania, who 
settled in Perry County at an early day. On February 23, 1842, he was united to JMiss Jemi- 
ma Rockhold, who was born .July 11, 1825, in Maryland ; she is a daughter of William and 
Ann Rockhold, who came to Muskingum County, Ohio, about the year 1833, where they located 
several years. Her father having died in Muskingum County, with her mother, she subsequently 
went to Perry County. In the spring of 1865, with his family, from Perry County our subject 
came to Union County, and located near Marysville one year. In 1866, he moved to Washington 
Township, and settled where the widow now resides. He was the father of fourteen children — 
William W., Elizabeth E., Mary A., Susan M., James A., Jonathan A., Jacob H., Ruth L., Jesse 
F., Alpheus A., Ann J., Matilda H., George W. and Elisha J., the latter two of whom are de- 
ceased. To his family he was a devoted husband and father. He departed this life May 7, 
1868, respected by all who knew him. He left to hia widow, who mourns her irretrievable loss, 
100 acres of land. 

AARON RICHARDSON, farmer, P. 0. Mount Victory, Hardin Co., Ohio, was born 
in Champaign County, Ohio, May 18, 1819. His parents were Barnet and Elizabeth Rich- 
ardson, both natives of Virginia. Of a family of twelve children, eight are now living, viz. : 
Clark, Maria L., Washington G., Joshua, Mary, Elizabeth, Jane and Aaron. From his youth 
up, our subject has devoted his attention to agriculture, with the exception of ten or twelve 
years spent at carpenter work. On December 26, 1844, in Marion County, he married Maria 
T. ToplifiF, daughter of Horatio and Sarah TopliflF, of Mansfield, Conn. By her he has one child, 
viz., Jasper N. Mrs. Richardson died May 23, 1849, and on December 21, 1856, he was mar- 
ried to Clarinda H. Young, who was born in Logan County, Ohio, in February, 1831; she was 
daughter of Eli and Nancy Young. To them have been born seven children — Maria T., James 
C, Benton R., Granville M., Wheeler A., Harriet E. and George W. (deceased). In 1857, he 
settled in Washington Township, this county. He has seen considerable of pioneer life, and 
endured many hardships. Mr. and Mrs. Richardson are both members of church ; they have a 
fine farm of 113 acres, on which are erected good and substantial buildings, making a pleasant 
home. 

BENJAMIN ROGERS, farmer and tile manufacturer, P. 0. Byhalia, was born in Licking 
County, Ohio, November 5, 1836. His parents were Michael W. and Mary Rogers. From his 



672 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

youth up he has been engaged in farming, In November, 1859, he was united in marriage to 
Miss Luey A. Gamble, who was born in Union County, April 21, 1843 ; she is a daughter of 
Robert and Annis (deceased) Gamble. This union has been blessed with nine children, viz. : 
Clara A., Dora E., James R. W., George M., Elenora, Aaron 0., Delpha 0., Frank B. and Rosa, 
the latter two of whom are deceased. In the fall of 1863, he came from Licking to Union Coun- 
ty, and located in Dover Township, until the fall of 1872, when he settled in Washington Town- 
ship. Besides his farming, he is quite extensively engaged in the manufacture of tile for 
draining purposes. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. society, and the owner of ninety-six 
acres of land. 

SOLOMON SCHERTZER, farmer, P. 0. Larue, Marion Co., Ohio, was born in Frank- 
lin County, Penn., September 19, 1824. When four years old, with his parents, Emanuel 
and Eve Schertzer, he came to Stark County, Ohio, where they located seven years. They sub- 
sequently came to Ross, Franklin and Union Counties, and finally located in Hardin County, 
where they remained until their decease, he in 1844, and she in 1864. Of a family of eleven 
children, five are now living. On April 12, 184-5, in Union County, our subject was united in 
marriage to Miss Lucinda Thornton, daughter of Jesse and Nancy Thornton, who were early 
settlers of Union County. By this union there has been an issue of eleven children, ten of whom 
are still living, viz.: Jes-:e, Sarah J., Lorenzo, Peter, Melissa, Emanuel, Nancy, William, James 
and Lillie. In 1862, he came from Hardin County and settled in the northern portion of Wash- 
ington Township, where he now resides. He has been successful in business. He is a member 
of the church, and the owner of 109 acres of land. 

SAMUEL SHERWOOD, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia, was born in Madison County, Ohio, Novem- 
ber 29, 1884, and is a son of Andrew and Irena Sherwood, of Darby Township, Madison County. 
He has, from his youth up, devoted his attention to farming, and received but a limited educa- 
tion. On March 6, 1856, in Madison County, he married Miss Hester A. Converse, who was 
born May 5, 1838, in Union County. She was a daughter of Edwin and Louisa Converse. To 
them have been born six children — Abigail M., Owen E., Elbert E., Esta F., Alfred P. and 
Louisa L., the latter two of whom are deceased. In the fall of 1863, Mr. Sherwood settled in 
Washington Township, this county. In the management of his farm, he has everything done in 
the most orderly and advantageous manner, which has secured for him success. He has served 
as Treasurer of Washington Township four years, and as Township Trustee and Clerk, and at 
present officiates as Justice of the Peace. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. Lodge, and the 
owner of 218 acres of land. 

JOSEPH SCHMALZ, farmer, P. 0. Mount Victory, Hardin Co., Ohio, was born in 
December, 1823, in Alsace, France (now Germany). His parents were Jacob and Elizabeth 
Schmalz. From his youth up he has devoted his attention to farming. : In November, 1858, he 
was united in marriage to Miss Josephine Dear, daughter of Jacob and Frances Dear; she was 
born in March, 1830. By her he has six children, viz.: Christian, Elizabeth C, Mary M.. 
Josephine G., Lucy L. and Caroline. In 1853, he emigrated to America, and by way of New 
York came to Ohio. In the autumn of 1863, he settled in the northern portion of Washington 
Township, Union County, where he now resides. He is industrious and enterprising, and the 
owner of 188 acres of land. 

SOLOMON SIMPSON (deceased). The subject of this sketch was born December 30, 1802, 
on the Potomac River, in Virginia, and when a mere child, with his parents, Isaac and Susan- 
nah Simpson, he came to Licking County, Ohio. In Licking County, he married Eleanor Car- 
lisle. She is a daughter of David and Susanna Carlisle. In August, 1848, with his family, he came 
to Union County, and settled in Washington Township, on a tract of land at present occupied by 
his widow. He was the father of thirteen children, of whom nine are now living, viz.: Eliza- 
beth G., Stephen D., William, Deborah, Louisa, Samuel, Daniel, Emily and Sylvester. Mr. 
Simpson remained on the land settled by him until his decease, in May, 1866. He was a lov- 
ing husband and indulgent father, and respected by all who knew him, and a member of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church. His widow, a venerable and aged lady, still resides on the home- 
stead, and is the owner of lifty acres of land. 

HARRISON S. STAMATS, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Union County, Ohio, May 20, 1838. He is a son of John Stamats, a pioneer of York Town- 
ship, this county, whose biography appears in this work. He was reared to man's estate on a 
farm, and received but a rudimentary education. In 1859, he married Miss Mary Bobbins, 
daughter of Ira A. and Mary Bobbins, of Union County, and by her he had one child — Mary, 
(now deceased). Mrs. Stamats died September 4, 1861, and on January 19, 1862, he was again 
married, to Miss Hope Haines, a daughter of Allen and Sarah Haines, early settlers of Ciiam- 
paign County. They have four children — Claudia M., Allie E., Atty F. and Frankie. A short 
time subsequent to his marriage, he settled in Washington Township, where he now resides. Mr. 
Stamats is a member of the F. & A. M. society, and for twelve years has been Assessor of 
Washington Township. He has been successful in business, and is the owner of 112 acres of 
land. 

JOHN H. TEMPLE, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia, was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, Julyl, 
1889. His parents are Edward and Peggy Temple, bis father being a native of Pennsylvania, 



WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. 673 

and his mother of Virginia ; they came to Guernsey County at an early day. He was reared to 
man's estate on a farm, and received but an ordinary English education. On June 10, 1859, in 
Guernsey County, he married Maria Morrison, who was born June 1, 1839 ; she is a daughter 
of Joseph and Theda A. Morrison. To them have born ten children — Margaret, Joseph M., 
Sarah (deceased), Theda A., Martha, Mary E., John (deceased), Ida D., Harry E. and Frank. 
In 1864, he came to Franklin County, and located two years, then spent two years in Madison 
County, and in March, 1868, he came to Union County, and settled in Washington Township, 
where he still resides. He has served as School Director, and is the owner of forty -two and one- 
half acres of land. 

DAVID L. TUSSING, farmer, P. O. Byhalia. The subject of this sketch was born in 
Madison County, Ohio, October 5, 1836. He is a son of Henry and Mary Tussing. From his 
youth up, he had devoted his attention to farming, and received the rudiments of an English 
education in a district school. On October 18, 1865, he was united in marriage to Miss Rebecca 
Wright, daughter of Leven Wright (deceased) and Letitia Wright, whose sketch appears in the 
history. They have two children, viz., Frank Z. and Clara A. In 1867, he located on the 
Wright farm in York Township, this county, where he remained until January, 1881, when he 
came to Washington Township. He is a member of the Baptist Church, and the owner of 
seventy-one acres of land. 

WILLIAM WELLWOOD, farmer, P. 0. Mount Victory, Hardin Co., Ohio, was born 
July 8, 1840, in Kings County, Ireland. His parents were John Wellwood (deceased) and 
Catherine Wellwood. When twelve years of age, he emigrated to America, landing at New 
York, where, for the following six years, he di'ove an express delivery wagon for a publishing 
house. In 1858, he came to Plain City, this county, where he was employed about six years. 
On November 19, 1866, in Seneca County, he married Miss Catherine Vetter, who was born 
October 10, 1842, in Seneca County ; she is a daughter of Adam and Eve (deceased) Vetter. 
To them have been born five children, viz.: Joseph AV., Florence U., William E., Harry C. and 
John (deceased). In October, 1869, he settled in Washington Township, Union County, where 
he now resides. He is a member of the Methodist Protestant Church, and the owner of 135 
acres of land in a high state of cultivation. 

WILLIAM WILLIAMS, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia. William Williams, Sr., father of the subject 
of this sketch, was born September 10, 1819, in Franklin County, Ohio. He married Miss Nancy 
Thomson, by whom he had three children, two of whom are now living, viz., William and Lydia. 
In 1852, he came from Marion to Union County, and located in Washington Township, on the 
farm at present occupied by our subject, until 1859, in which year he moved to Franklin County, 
where he died March 12, 1877. His wife died October 29, 1869. William Williams, the sub- 
ject of this sketch, was born September 4, 1850, in Marion County, Ohio. After receiving a 
rudimentary education, he attended for eighteen months the university at Athens, and when six- 
teen years of age he entered Delaware University, which institution he attended two years. On 
March 27, 1879, he married Miss Carrie E. Evans, who was born November 26, 1859 ; she was 
a daughter of John and Ivy Evans, of Franklin County, Ohio. They have one child, viz., Jennie 
D., born November 2, 1879. In April, 1879, Mr. Williams returned and took possession of the 
homestead formei-ly owned by his father. He is a member of the F. & A. M. society, and is the 
owner of 200 acres of tillable land. 

HENRY WILLIAMS, farmer, P. 0. West Mansfield, Logan Co., Ohio, was born April 
9, 1820, in Logan County, Ohio. His parents were Obadiah and Susan Williams, natives 
of Virginia, who settled, in Logan County, at an early day. Of a family of eleven children eight 
survive, viz.: Obadiah, Henry, Jeffrey, Lorena, Cecilia, Rachel, Mary A. and Nancy. In July, 
1844, our subject married, in Logan County, Miss Minerva Green, daughter of George R. and 
Ruth Green, of Logan County. To them were born seven children — Isaac M., Madison, George, 
Obediah, Eudora, Kuth A. and Elizabeth, the latter two of whom are now deceased. For more 
than a quarter of a century, with his companion, he enjoyed married life, when, on February 18, 
1870, she quietly passed away, and left behind her a wealth of love and atiection. In 1845, Mr. 
Williams came from Logan County and settled in AVashington Township, this county, where he 
now resides. He is a self-made man, and has seen a great deal of pioneer life. He owns a farm 
of 151 acres. 

DANIEL T. WILLIAMS, farmer, P. 0. Mount Victory, Hardin Co., Ohio, was born in 
Champaign County, Ohio, April 4, 1838. His parents are Asa Williams, a native of 
North Carolina, and Elizabeth Williams, a native of Ohio. In his youth he was trained to the 
pursuits of farming, in which he is still engaged. On January 5, 1865, he married Miss Mary 
Starrick, daughter of William and Keturah Starrick, of Logan County, Ohio. This union has 
been blessed with three children, viz. : Omar E., born February 11, 1868 ; William E., born De- 
cember 10, 1871, and Ralston B., born December 13, 1872. After his marriage, Mr. Williams 
located in Logan County until September, 1870, at which time he came to Washington Township, 
Union County, where he now resides. He is a member of the Society of Friends, and has served 
as a School Director. He has been successful in business, and is the owner of fifty-one and 
three-fourths acres of land in the western portion of the township. 

SAMUEL WRIGHT, farmer, P. 0. Mount Victory, Hardin Co., Ohio, was born in 
New York State November 18, 1813. When a mere child, with his parents, Elista and Rachel 



674 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Wright, he was brought to Athens County, Ohio, where in April, 1839, he married Miss Deborah 
Wheeler, daughter of Ezeriah and Rachel Wheeler. By this union there has been an issue of 
nine children, viz.: Maria A., Mary E., Lucinda H., Samuel L. , Edmund E., Joseph N., Jane, 
Jeannette and Lucy A. In 1848, he came with his family to Union County, and settled on a 
tract of land in the northern portion of Washington Township, where he stilFresides. Mr. 
Wright has seen considerable of pioneer life, and endured much hard work. He is the owner of 
100 acres of land, and a member of the United Brethren Church. 

JAMES WRIGHT, farmer, P. 0. Byhalia, was born in Union County, Ohio, April 5, 1842, 
and a son of Leven Wright (deceased) and Letitia Wright, of whom we have made mention in 
this work. In May, 1861, he enlisted in the Thirteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Army of the 
Cumberland, and participated in the battles of Shiloh and Stone River, at the latter battle re- 
ceiving a wound in the thigh. After remaining in the hospital for sometime, he was discharged 
in May, 1863. In January, 1864, he veteranized in the Eighty-second Ohio Veteran Volunteer 
Infantry, and subsequently participated in the battles of Cotton Mountain, Lost Mountain and 
Dallas, where he received a wound in May, 1864, in the left hand, and was again obliged to goto 
the hospital for a short time, after which he again joined his regiment and continued in the 
service until the close of the war. He received an honorable discharge in June, 1865. 
He was united in marriage to Miss i^nnis Mead, who was born December 23, 1845, in Logan 
County, Ohio ; she is a daughter of Potter and Mary Mead, formerly of Logan County. They 
have one child, viz.: Leven M., born May 23, 1868. In October, 1865, Mr. Wright settled 
in the southern portion of AVashington Township, where he now resides. He has been prosper- 
ous as a farmer, is a member of the Baptist Church, and the owner of fifty acres of land. 



CHAPTER XIV. 



TAYLOR TOWNSHIP. 

THIS township occupies a central position in Union County, and was the 
last constituted towDship in the county; the greater portion of the territory 
now comprised within the boundaries of said township was formerly embraced 
in Liberty and Leesburg Townships. Although the territory embraced in this 
township was not settled until several years after some of its neighbor town- 
ships, and only a little more than three decades have elapsed since its organi- 
zation, yet it stands as a formidable rival of its neighbors in its progress, 
schools, churches, improvements and wealth. The first settlers here had some 
advantages over those of the earlier settled portions of the county, in that they 
had much nearer markets, and a nearer base of supplies. The settlex's were 
industrious and enterprising, and the township has made rapid progress. 

In the Commissioners' record we find the following: " December 5, 1849, 
Commissioners' met; present, a full board. Resumed the consideration of R. 
L. Judy's petition for a new township, and agreed unanimously to erect a new 
township to include the following described territory: Beginning at the north- 
east corner of Survey No, 5,646, thence running its east line and the east 
lines of 3,691, 5,386, 14,632, the north and east lines of 5,507 to 
the southeast corner of 5,507 (being in the north line of Paris Town- 
ship); thence westward on the south lines of 5,507, 14,632, 42,664, 5,249 
(part of said distance being the north line of Paris Township) to the south- 
east corner of 5,229; thence northward with its west, line to the south line of 
4,265; thence westward with its south line to its southeast corner; thence 
northward with its west line to its northwest corner; thence eastward with its 
north line to the southeast corner of Green's lot of sixty acres, being in a 
public road, until its intersection with the Belief ontaine & Delaware road; 
thence eastward with said road until the southeast corner of John R. Burrows ' 
land; thence northward with Burrows' east line to his northeast corner; thence 
westward with his north line to his northwest corner; thence northward to the 



TAYLOR TOWNSHIP. 675 

southwest corner of Survey No. 5,635, being in the York Township line; thence 
northward with the west line of 5,635 to its northwest corner; thence eastward 
with its north line and the north line of 15,015 to the west line of Survey 
No. 3,690; thence with its west and north lines and the west and north lines 
of 5,646 to the beginning, including all the surveys mentioned and territory 
included within sfxid boundaries; provided, also, that the roads mentioned as 
being traversed by said line be considered as belonging to Liberty Township. 
The new township to be called Taylor." 

Although this township was later settled and so recently erected, the lands 
were surveyed about as early as other portions of the county. The surveys 
areas follows: Surveyed, September 14, 1799, for Flavery Frazer, representa- 
tive of William Frazer, deceased, 1,000 aci'es. Survey No. 3,690; Lucas Sulli- 
vant, D. S. Surveyed, September 11, 1799, for Flavery Frazer, representative 
of William Flavery, deceased, 1,000 acres, Survey No. 3,691; Lucas Sulli- 
vant, D. S. Surveyed, July 5, 1802, for John Holmes, assignee, 1,333^ acres, 
Survey No. 4,264; Joseph Kerr, D. S. Surveyed, July 5, 1802, for John 
Holmes, assignee, 1,333| acres, Survey No. 4,265; Joseph Kerr, D. S. Sur- 
veyed, November 7, 1803, for Benjamin Grimes, 1,333^ acres, Survey No. 
4,405; Joseph Kerr, D. S. Surveyed, November 20, 1807, for Nathan Eeid, 
assignee, 400 acres. Survey No. 5,247; James Gal loway, Jr., D. S. Surveyed, 
April 20, 1808, for Thomas Boyer, 1,000 acres, Survey No. 829; Duncan Mc- 
Ai'thur, I). S. Surveyed, November 16, 1808, for Robert Means, assignee, 990 
acres, Survey No. 5,386; Duucan McArthur, D. S. Surveyed, November 8, 
1807, for Baylor Hill, 390 acres. Survey No. 5,507; James Galloway, Jr., D. 
S. Surveyed, November 9, 1811, for James Gilmore, 1,200 acres. Survey No. 
5,635; Duncan McArthur, D. S. Surveyed, November 16, 1809, for Robert 
Means, assignee, l,866f acres. Survey Nos. 5,629 and 5,493; Duncan McArthur, 
D. S. Surveyed, April 20, 1808, for Thomas Worthingtoh, assignee, 750 acres, 
Survey No. 5,626; Duncan McArthur, D. S. Surveyed, November 17, 1809, 
for Robert Means, assignee, l,828f acres, Surveys No. 5,778, 5,641, 5,806 and 
6,495; D. McArthm-, D. S. Sui'veyed, April 10, 1809, for Thomas Worthing- 
ton, assignee, 250 acres, Survey No. 6,156; Duncan McArthur, D. S. Sur- 
veyed, October 30, 1834, for Cadwallader Wallace, 100 acres. Survey No. 13,- 
593; Cadwallader Wallace, D. S. Surveyed, November 5, 1841, for James 
Taylor, Jr., assignee, 530 acres. Survey No. 14,632; E. P. Kendrick, D. S. 
Surveyed for James Galloway, 50 acres. Survey No. 15,015. 

SURFACE, SOIL, STREAMS, ETC. 

The surface is level and undulating, with very little hilly or waste land in 
the township. The general inclination of the lands of the township is to the 
east and southeast, as is indicated by the course of the streams. The princi- 
pal streams are Bokes Creek, which enters this township from York and flows 
eastward through the northern portion into Leesburg. Blues Creek rises in 
the western part of Taylor Township and flows eastward. Mill Creek courses 
through the southeast corner of the township, entering from Liberty, and pass- 
ing out into Paris. Along this stream and in the southeast portion of the 
township, were located the first settlers. The soil is deep, rich and productive; 
along the creek bottoms and the low, flat portions, it is a black loani, and the 
balance a strong clay soil. It is considered one of the best townships in 
the quality of land in the county. In the eastern central portion of the town- 
ship, east of the Aabury Methodist Church, was a locality formerly known as 
"The Cotton Slash," so named, it is said, from the quantities of Cottonwood 
trees which grew there. East of that and near the center of the township is a 
locality formerly known as the " Beaver Pond, or Swamp," as it was inhabited 

36 



676 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

b7 oreat numbers of those animals who built a substantial and perfect dam 
across a flat strip of land so that in the winter time they could have a good 
pond of water and the beaiitiful dam to burrow in. Some portions of the dam 
are still there as perfect and symmetrical as though made by human hands. 
The principal productions of the soil are corn, wheat, oats and grass. As the 
lands are becoming ditched and drained, so they increase in productiveness and 
value, and with the natural quality of these soils to resist the effects of drought, 
they are capable of making the best of lands for agricultural purposes. 

PIONEERS. 

Such we will call them, and such they were in truth and verity, although in 
reference to the years of their settling here, as compared with the dates of the set- 
tling of other townships, it would be of but recent date; yet their labors and sur- 
roundings were those of the pioneers, and took the same muscle and nerve, the 
same self-denial, passing tlirough the same trials and dangers, as those of other 
sections at earlier dates. From the fact that nearly all the first settlers have 
passed away from earth, and their descendants mostly removed to other parts of 
the country, and the lands are now occupied by another class of more recent set- 
tlement, we have found great difficulty in gaining as extended, or as definite in- 
formation as we desired; but such as the facilities that are left for us could pro- 
duce, we have obtained, and here present them. 

We think we are safe in placing as one of the first settlers, if not the first, the 
name of Adam Shirk, a native of Virginia, born in Hardy County October 22, 
1791; was a soldier in the war of 1812; he married Anna Dox, and first emigrated 
to Fairfield County, Ohio; in 1822, removed to Union County, Ohio, and settled in 
Liberty Township; in 1829, he removed into Taylor Township on land now owned 
by his son, Aai'on, and here remained through life. His wife, Anna, died April 
25,1859. Subsequently, he married Charity Mann. He died July 29, 1876. Mr. 
Shirk, throughout his long and useful life, was recognized as one of the most per- 
fect and upright men of his day. Honest and just in all his dealings, kind and 
generous to the poor, and ever read}- with his means and influence to aid every 
good cause, he died honored and respected by a large circle of friends and ac- 
quaintances. He was the father of the following children : Stephen, who married 
Mary Brake, and is one of the most honored citizens of Liberty Township (see his 
biographical sketch in this work); Daniel, married Sarah Brake; John, married 
the Widow Saflbrd; Henry Aaron, married Elizabeth Baughan; and two daugh- 
ters, Rachel and Hannah. 

Robert Maskill was an early settler, locating here about 1831-32. Richard 
Judy settled about the same date, and probably came from Kentucky or Virginia : 
he was one of the Judges at the first election held in the township, and was the first 
Assessor, serving two years. James Irwin, from Ross County, settled about 1832- 
33. He was the township's first Treasurer and served three terms in succession. 
Although having little education, yet he was a man of principle and character, a 
worthy citizen, and possessed the- confidence of his community. He died May 19, 
1858, aged seventy-six years. 

John McNeal, from Ross County, settled in 1832-33. John McAllister set- 
tled here in 1833-34. Hugh McAdow. probably a native of Maryland, settled 
about 1833-34. James Siebold, in 1835. Samuel Wheeler came from Knox 
County, about 1836-37, and settled on what was known as the " cotton slash." 
He was the second Assessor of Taylor Township. Thomas Scott settled about 
1838-39. Samuel P. G. Brown, a native of the State of New York, settled in 
1837-38. Jacob Wigle, in 1838-39. In 1839-40, came Robert Wigle, Archibald 
Wigle, John Wigle and Benjamin Welch; also G-eorge Laughre}' and Oliver Simp- 
son. In 1841-42, David D. Welch became a settler, also John Simpson. In 
1843-44, came Richard Dildine, George Draper, John Overfield and James Welch. 



TAYLOR TOWNSHIP. 677 

Eobert C. Greene, a native of Vermont, married Ruth Draper, and in the fall 
of 1837, removed to Ohio; in the spring of 1838, he located in Taylor Township, 
on Mill Creek, near James Hamilton; in 1840, they located on land now owned 
by Mrs. Sanaft, on the west border of Taylor Township, where they resided till 
death. Mr. Greene was twice married; his first wife died Januar}^ 16, 1859. He 
married for his second wife Mrs. Mary Fink, who died February 26, 1865, aged 
sixty-three years; Mr. Greene died July 28, 1864, aged sixty-nine years. Mrs. 
Sallie Greene, the mother of Robert C. Greene, lived to the remarkable age of 
ninetj^-eight years, and during the last forty-three years of her life had been, totally 
blind. Mr. Robert C Greene was the father of the following children : Elizabeth, 
wife of Isaiah Sanaft; Ira, married Elizabeth Shirk; she died and he married 

Phebe Heath; she died and he married for his third wife Elizabeth — ,of 

Indiana, and now resides in Starke Count}^, Ind.; Ruth, deceased; John C, mar- 
ried Amanda King; Gideon, died young; Robert B., married Eliza Johnson; she 
died, and he married Mar}- Roberts, and now resides in Kansas; Henry E., de- 
ceased; Sarah, married Thomas Yearsley ; and Nancy A., married T.Lewis Temple, 
and resides in Kansas. 

Gideon Draper, a native of Vermont, married Ruth Harris, of same State, and 
at an advanced age, in 1838, came with his family to Ohio and settled in Taylor 
Township, where he died the next year, November 26, 1839, aged seveut3'-eight 
years. His wife had died many years before in their native State. 

James Draper, also a native of Vermont, settled in this township in 1838. 
He married Joanna Draper in his native State. He died October 28, 1860, aged 
seventy years; his wife died March 3, 1861, aged sixty years. 

Ira Draper, son of Gideon Draper, married Betsey Nurse, and was a resident 
of this township till his death. May 14, 1859, aged seventy-two j'ears. 

James Hamilton, a native of Ross County, Ohio, married Maria Blue, a 
native of Virginia, and in 1835 removed to Ohio and settled on Mill Creek, on the 
place where his son still resides. He was among the earliest settlers, and resided 
here till his death, September 18, 1872, aged eighty-one years. His wife still sur- 
vives and resides with her son on the old home place, aged eighty-three years. 
When they located here they moved into a rough log cabin, and had no land 
cleared but a small piece upon which the trees were deadened by girdling; now 
they have a fine cultivated farm, a good residence and all the comforts of life. 
Their children were John, who married Catharine Coder, she died and he 
married Lucy Griffin ; Elizabeth married George Coder; Catharine married 
Daniel Burnham; Alexander married Delia Morse, and now resides in Illinois; 
James married Elizabeth Graham, and resides on the home place; David died in 
childhood; two infants died unnamed; Samuel never married, and died at twenty- 
four years of age; one infant; Silas married Christina Turner, is deceased; and 
Joanna died in childhood. Mr. Hamilton was a soldier in the war of 1812. 

John McAdow, a native of Maryland, removed to Pennsylvania when a boy, 
where he grew to manhood and married Rebecca McElhaney. Emigrating to 
Ohio, he lived several years in Tuscarawas and Licking Counties; in 1840, he re- 
moved with his family to Union County and settled on land now owned by Rogers 
and Thompson, remaining a resident of this township till his death, March 11, 
1877, aged seventy-four years; his wife died November 12, 1869, aged sixty -nine 
years. Their children were James, married Mary Wheeler, and now a resident of 
Iowa; Jane resides in Pike County, Ohio; Rebecca married John Wheeler, and re- 
sides in Iowa; John C. married Hannah Dildine, and resides in Ottawa, Ohio; Hugh 
married Elizabeth Wolf; two children died young; William married Miss Elizabeth 
Clark, and Edna mari'ied John Irwin, and now reside in Hardin County, Ohio. 

John Wheeler, son of Samuel Wheeler before mentioned, married Rebecca 
McAdow, and was Township Clerk from 1850 to 1854, inclusive; was a prominent 
citizen of the township for several years, but subsequently removed to Iowa, 
where he now resides. 



678 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Joseph and Cornelius Sprague became settlers here about 1848-49. James 
D. Sprague came about one year later. James Turner settled on Mill Creek, 
near James Hamilton, about 1844-45. 

Isaiah Sanaft, a native of Fairfield County, Ohio, became a resident of Union 
County in the fall of 1837, locating and residing in Union Township about seven 
years, and in the fall of 1844 located on the place where he now lives and has since 
resided. He married Elizabeth Grreene, daughter of Robert C. G-reene, before 
mentioned. Mr. Sanaft's fine farm has been entirely improved by himself, the 
site being in the forest depths when he first located upon it. They have had the 
following children: Irena, who married William P. Hisey; Sarepta, deceased; 
Marilla and Delphina, deceased ; and Isaac Walter, who married Sarah Lucretia 
Dixon. Mr. Sanaft knows from experience what are the hardships of pioneer 
life, and what it is to start in life poor, depending entirely upon his muscle and 
brains to make a livelihood. One of his first efTorts was chopping cord- wood. He 
made a contract to cut fifty cords of wood at twenty cents per cord, but finding 
that the best trees had been culled out before he received the job, he finally ob- 
tained twenty-five cents per cord. Mr. Sanaft was a champion wood chopper, 
finding few, if any, who could cut and cord up more in a day than he. December 
24, 1847, he chopped and corded up five and one-fourth cords. He also cut and 
split rails for thirty-one cents per hundred. In the harvest of 1839, he reaped, 
bound and shocked five dozen sheaves of wheat between sunrise and sunset. 

Philip Miller settled near Mill Creek about 1846, and was one of the first 
Trustees of Taylor Township. 

In the fall of 1849, two brothers, Truxton and Lorey Ford, natives of Mus- 
kingum County, Ohio, came to Union County with their families and settled on 
Bokes Creek, on lauds where they still reside. The township was not then erected, 
but was organized in the December following. They were the first settlers in the 
northern portion of the township. Truxton Ford married Roanna Brummidge, 
of Perry County, Ohio ; she died September 10, 1859, aged fifty-six years. He 
married, for his second wife, Martha Maskill. He is now seventy-eight years of 
age, robust and healthy. He is the father of the following children : Rebecca, 
Sylvester, Amanda, Henry, William and Minerva. Lorey Ford married Hester 
Ann Miller, of Perry County ; she died June 24, 1875. Their children were as 
follows : Philarna, Clarissa, Minerva, Mary Elizabeth, Franklin, Matilda Jane, 
Lorey C, Chaunc}^ W., died in infancy ; John Sj'lvester, died at twelve years old ; 
and Hiram J. Mr. Ford cast his vote at the first election after the ei'ection of the 
township. Mr. Ford has served as Trustee of the township for fourteen years. 

Z. C. Pooler, who came from Licking County, Ohio, settled in this township 
about 1848-50. He organized the first Sunda}^ school, it is believed, in Taylor 
Township, at the old Scott log schoolhouse. He was one of the leading men of 
the township, taking an active part in obtaining its organization, and in promot- 
ing its prosperity by all public improvements and in all enterprises which tended 
to the general public good. He filled all the most prominent offices of the town- 
ship, serving as a Justice of the Peace nine years. He died May 21, 1881, aged 
seventy-one j'ears. 

Benjamin Pierce came from Clark County, Ohio, and settled on land now 
owned by William JoUiff, about 1846-47, and is still a resident of the county, 
but at present located near Mount Victory. He married Mary Maskill, who is 
now deceased. By her he had the following children : Martha ; Sarah, deceased ; 
Wheelock, also deceased ; Charlotte ; and one son who died in the army. 

Joseph C. Hull, a native of Maryland, settled first in West Virginia, and in 
the fall of 1849 came to Union County and settled on the tract of land where he 
still resides. He married Jane Fulton, by whom he has had the following chil- 
dren : Frances Anna, Thomas, Rosalind, Florence, and one infant, deceased. Mr. 
Hull's father, John C. Hull, also came to this count}' with his son, and died here. 
Mr. Hull is a very active and enterprising man, and takes pride in ornamenting 



TAYLOR TOWNSHIP. 679 

his home with flowers and shrubbery, and has everything comfortable and beauti- 
ful around his home. 

Henry Crist was born in Sullivan County, N. Y.; he settled in Taylor 
Township, Union County, in 1848, but left his native State in 1836, settling in 
Fairfield County, Ohio, in 1836, where he resided about twelve years. He mar- 
ried Miriam Hollister, of New York. He resided on his farm in Taylor Township 
twenty-eight years, and about 1876 removed to Marysville, where he now resides. 
The above mentioned names embrace the larger portion of the earlier settlers of 
this township. Below we give additional names of persons who settled prior to 
1850, and before its erection as Taylor Township, to wit : B. Burgess, Amos Beard, 
Samuel Cousin, Joseph Carter, Lemuel Carter, Edward Gray, C. Goodrich, William 
Graham, Hezekiah Hodges, Joseph W. Hisey, Henry Hisey, Thomas E. Lockwood, 
Stephen McLean, William McMonegal, John Parker, Benjamin Pearl, Sylvanus 
Smith, Simon Shirk, Joseph Simpson, Daniel Shirk, Tellatiah Safl!brd, Daniel San- 
ders, Jesse Taylor, John Turner, William Taylor, Corbin Wigle, Thomas Wigle, 
Charles Wilson, John A. Welch and Oliver H. P. Ward. 

MILLS. 

About 1854-55, Thomas and James Yearsley built a steam saw-mill, just 
west of the village of Broadway, which was the first mill in Taylor Township. 
The above parties continued to run this mill most of the time until it went out of 
use, about 1868. This mill did an extensive business, sawing nearly all the lum- 
ber for the first frame houses of this neighborhood and vicinity. At one time 
the}' had attached a " corn-cracker," which did considerable business for a few 
years. About 1857-58, Messrs. Brown & Shaw erected a steam saw-mill, located 
about five miles south of Broadwaj^, on the Marysville pike, which continued in 
operation till about 1867, when it was burned down and was never rebuilt. 

In 1867-68, Messrs. Gofi" & Ray erected a steam saw-mill one mile east of 
Broadway, on the Marysville pike, near the railroad, which is still in operation ; it 
is a good mill, and they are doing a prosperous business. In 1881, Messrs. Morris 
& Albaugh erected a grist and saw mill combined, on the east bank of Blues Creek, 
near the east boundary line of Taylor Township. This is called a No. 1 
mill, and is doing a good business. 

SCHOOLS. 

Taylor Township, at a regularly called meeting of the Trustees, on March 4, 
1850, was divided into road and school districts. It now (1882) consists of eleven 
subdistricts, with an enumeration of scholars as follows : 

Subdistrict No. 1, males, 19 ; females, 12 ; total 31. Subdistrict No. 2, males, 
37 ; females, 35 ; total, 72. Subdistrict No. 3, males, 32 ; females, 13 ; total, 45. 
Subdistrict No. 4, males, 16 ; females. 15 ; total, 31. Subdistrict No. 5, males, 25 ; 
females, 28 ;' total, 53. Subdistrict No. 6, males, 14 ; females, 13 ; total, 27. Sub- 
di trict No. 7, males, 13 ; females, 4 : total 17. Subdistrict No. 8, males, 19 ; fe- 
males, 8 ; total, 27. Subdistrict No. 9, males, 21 ; females, 12 ; total, 33. Sub- 
district No. 10, males, 61 ; females, 51 ; total, 112. Subdistrict No. 11, males, 31 ; 
females, 18 ; total, 49. Total males, 288 ; females, 209 ; grand total, 497. 

REPORT OP BOARD OP EDUCATION. 

Balance on hand September 1, 1881 |1,489 33 

State tax 405 75 

Irreducible school funds 53 70 

Township tax for school and schoolhouse purposes 1,026 33 

Amount received August 26, 1882 1,288 19 

Total receipts $4,263 30 

EXPENDITURES. 

Whole amount paid teachers in common schools $2,399 17 

Amount paid for fuel and other contingent expenses 760 41 

Total expenditures $3,159 58 



G80 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Balance on hand September 1, 1883 $1,103 73 

Number of subdistricls 11 

Number of scboolhouses .' 11 

Total value of school property |8,800 00 

Number of teachers to supply schools 13 

Average wages of teachers, males $28 00 

Average vrages of teachers, females 30 00 

The following^ persons constitute the present Board of Education : Sulxlistrict 
No. 1, W. H. Ford; No. 2, J. McDonald ; No. 3, S. McAdow , No. 4, S. B. Scott ; 
No. 5, S. R Griffin ; No. 6, J. M. Hamilton ; No. 7, J. A. Welch ; No. 8, J. B. 
Warner ; No. 9, J. C. Hull (President of Board) ; No. 10, I. F. Gates ; No. 11, C. 
E. Morris ; with P. J. Wyeth, Clerk. 

CHURCHES. 

Christian Union Church, on Mill Creek, was organized about 183l)-40, at a 
meeting held in the grove near Peoria, with eight members, to wit : James Hamil- 
ton and wife Maria, Jesse Judy and wife Althea, Nathaniel Stewart, Theodore 
Greene and John Judy and wife. Meetings continued to be held in private houses 
and in scboolhouses till about 1857-58, when they erected the present frame 
church edifice, which was probabl}^ dedicated in 1859, Elder Josiah Knight preach- 
ing the dedicatory sermon. The following have served as pastors of the church : 
Elders Caleb Morse. Sr., Erastus Powers, Daniel Long, Daniel Griffin, C. T. Em- 
mons, William Webb, Andrew Hanger, C. A. Williams and E. W. Humphreys, 
who is the present pastor in charge. The Deacons have been as follows : Jesse 
Judy, Nathaniel Stewart, James Hamilton, Samuel Judy, Isaiah Sanaft and John 
Hamilton, the last two being the present incumbents. Present membership of 
the church is about one hundred and thirty. A Sabbath school was established 
at an earl}- day in the schoolhouse, where it continued to be held till after the 
erection of the church, since which time it has been held at the church regularly 
thi'ough the summer seasons. The school is in a prosperous condition, with an 
average attendance of about forty. 

Methodist Episcojial Church. — About one mile east of Broadwa}', in 1854, was 
organized a class consisting of the following persons : P. Safford, Thomas E. Lock- 
wood and wife, Julia A.; Hiram Danforth and wife, Matilda ; Mrs. Hannah Tem- 
ple, Z. C. Pooler, and perhaps a few others. They were supplied with preaching 
for a few j^ears b}- Rev. Johnson, llev. Webster, and Rev. Southard ; thence the}'^ 
had regular pastors as follows : Revs. Good. Lawrence, Mounts, DeLiel, Mathers, 
Bethards, Schultz, DeKalb, Powell, Carter, Jaggers and Parlette. The church be- 
came diminished in numbers b}^ death and removals, and was so enfeebled that 
after the services of Rev. Parlette, the organization was abandoned and the few 
remaining members united with other churches. 

Asbury Methodist Episcopal Church. — About 1843, a class was organized 
at the schoolhouse by Rev. David Davis, and some of its members were as follows: 
Mrs. Rebecca McAdow, John McNeal and wife Elizabeth, Peter Little and his 
wife. They had preaching occasionally for several years in the old schoolhouse, 
but the society was weak and few in number, and finally ceased as an organiza- 
tion. In the meantime, some ministers of the United Brethren Church commenced 
to hold meetings here, awakened quite a religious interest, and soon organized a 
church, which at one time had quite a large membership, but they never erected 
any church edifice, and finally dwindled away and became nearly extinct as an 
organization. In the winter of 1865-66, Rev. Thomas Mathews held a series of 
meetings in the schoolhouse and a large revival resulted; the organization of 
a Methodist class was again eflfected, and the society grew and increased till it 
numbered about 100. In the summer of 1866, the present frame church building 
was erected, and duly dedicated November 25, of the same year, by Rev. Mr. 
Walters, of Delaware, Ohio. Since that time, there has been preaching regularly 
every two weeks. The church remained prosperous and flourishing for several 



TAYLOR TOWNSHIP. 681 

years, but for some time past it has been diminishing in numbers, by deaths, re- 
movals and other causes, until at tlie present time it is in a weak condition. The 
principal preachers who have administered to this people have been Revs. Thomas 
Mathews, Dwight Cook, Mr. Ray, Christian Wolf, Benjamin Powell, Joseph Beth- 
ards, J. Schultz, John Kalk, Mr. Carter, Taylor Jaggers and Rev. John Parlette. 
The Class Leaders have been John McNeal, James Whitcraft, Jesse Vanatta, Jacob 
Nash, and a few others. A Sabbath school was organized soon after the church, 
which has been continued through the summer seasons to the present time, and is 
in a flourishing condition. 

Baptiat Church (Colored). — About 1859-60, the colored people organized a 
church about one mile west of the Asbury Church. The}' erected a hewed-log 
house, and at one time probably had fifty lo sixty members. Soon after the war 
of the rebellion began, some enlisted in the army and many were killed; others 
moved away, and the organization ceased. The church property was sold and the 
money deposited in the bank at Marysville, anticipating at some future time to 
erect a church at that place. 

Free-Will Baptist Church of Broadway. — About 1866, by a subscription by 
the people of Broadway and vicinity, money was raised and the present church 
edifice erected, at a cost of about $2,200. In this house, services were regularly 
held once a month by the minister of the Newton Church, for two or three 3'ears, 
as there were several members of that church residing in this vicinity. In 1869, 
u societ}' was organized here consisting of the following persons: William Jenkins, 
Sewell Gr. Hartshorn, Lucretia S. Ball, Mary S. Robins, H. P. Goff, Harriet Harts- 
horn, Henry Fulton, Adaline D. Groflf, John A. Welch, Locke}' Garrett, John B. 
Hisey. Sarah Jenkins, Mathias Pheasant, M. A. Cranston, Sopronia R. Yearsley, 
John Yarrington, Albert T. Hitt, Nancy A. Pheasant, William Hinton, Ruth M. 
Hisey, John Predmore, Sarah Hartshorn, William McDermott, Minerva Ford, Ed- 
ward F. Welch, Jane Predmore, Ira Welch, Sylvia Disbennett, William Cartmell, 
Lydia Welch, Caroline Yarrington, William H. Goff, Sylvia J. Goff, Climenia E. 
Yonkin, Martha Safford, Lois B. Welch, Sarah Yearsley, Cordelia Garrett and El- 
mira Garrett, with B. F. Zell, pastor, and Sewell Hartshorn, as Deacon. October 
9, 1870, the church was dedicated by Rev. S. D. Bates, of Marion, Ohio. Mr. Zell, 
as minister, was succeeded by Rev. A. H. Whitaker, who served the church three 
years. There are now more than one hundred enrolled on the church record, with 
H. P. Goff as Deacon. At present they are without a pastor. A Union Sabbath 
School was organized several years prior to the building of the church, and was 
held in the schoolhouse. After the erection of the chui'ch edifice, the Sunday 
school convened in it, and continues in a flourishing condition. It is said to be 
the largest Sunday school in the county. Its enrollment last year was 250, with 
an average attendance of 160, with P. Cranston, Esq., as Superintendent. 

CEMETERIES. 

Union Christian Church Cemetery. — This was probably the first burial place 
within Taylor Township. The ground was donated for the purpose by James 
Hamilton, Harrison Shaw and John Turner, about 1836-37, and it received the 
body of an infant child of James Hamilton as its first occupant. After, or about 
the time the church was built and dedicated, this cemetery, which embraces about 
one acre of ground, was deeded to the trustees of the church, and by them is kept 
fenced and in repair. 

Asbury Church Cemetery. — This piece of ground was donated by Richard Dil- 
dine, about 1855, as a burial place for the church and the neighborhood. Prior to 
this, all the dead from this neighborhood were taken to Marysville and interred. 
This is now in care of the Township Trustees. There are two cemeteries on Bokes 
Creek. One is located near the east line of the township, on the south bank of 
said creek, and in it are buried a large number of the early settlers of this neigh- 
borhood. It is located on the land of James Maskill, but has not been used as a 



682 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

burial place for several 3-ears. The other is located about one and a half miles 
farther up the same creek ; in it there have been but few interred. 

Broadway Cemetery, which is located just east of the village of Broadway, 
consists of one acre of ground, which was deeded to the Township Trustees, by P. 
Cranston, Esq., in 1874 ; Mr. Cranston also deeded one-half of an acre to be used 
as a road leading to said cemetery. The cemetery is laid off into lots, and two 
drive-ways pass through it. This is now becoming the principal burial place for 
the village and viciuit}'. 

ROADS AND PIKES. 

Upon this subject it is necessar}' to saj' but little, as the description of the 
roads of one township of Union Count}' is. to a great extent, descriptive of them 
in ever}- other. They are all good gravel roads ; that is to say. all the principal ones. 
In fact, many of the cross and connecting roads are also becoming graveled roads. 
Taj'lor Township has beautiful pikes, the Mar\sville & Broadway pike being- 
especially straight and beautiful. The township has one railroad passing through 
it in a northeast and southwest course — the New York. Pennsylvania & Ohio 
Railroad — with station and shipping point at Broadway. This road was completed 
and the first train sent over it in the spring of 1864. 

VILLAGES. 

There is but one town in the township of Taylor — Broadwa}' ; yet the records 
show that there was a town laid out prior to the platting of Broadwa}", as follows: 
On November 9, and on December 17 and 18. 1863, was survej-ed and laid oft' into 
streets and alle3S a certain tract of land in Survey- No. 829. for H. P. Goff", Hiram 
Danforth, Ira A. Bobbins and Charles J. Sa3-re, for a town to be known as Union 
Centre, situated in Taylor Township, Union County, Ohio ; I. B. Fa}'. Surveyor. 
The same was duly platted and recorded December 21, 1863 ; James Smith, Re- 
corder. But it seems that there was never much building done, and we did not 
learn of any business, mercantile or otherwise, gaining any foothold in the town • 
Soon after, about one mile west of the locality of Union Centre, was laid out th*^ 
town of Broadway, which, by the records, is as follows : " I hereby certify that 
on the 15th and 16th days of August, 1865, 1 surveyed for L. C. Pooler and Leon 
ard Richey certain lands into lots, streets and alleys, as described and platted ou 
the records at Marysville, to be known by the name of Broadway, in the County 
of Union and State of Ohio. A. S. Mowry, Deputy Surveyor, Union County, Ohio." 
The above was duly certified to. and the streets and alleys dedicated to public use, 
on the 23d day of August, 1865, by the said parties, and the same duly acknowl- 
edged by them before Peleg Cranston, a Justice of the Peace, and recorded Sep- 
tember 1, 1865, by James Smith, Recorder, Union County, Ohio. On the 30th 
and 31st days of August, 1865, was surveyed and laid off into lots, streets and 
alleys, for Peleg Cranston, Esq., certain lands as described on the records at Marys- 
ville, to be known as Cranston's Addition to Broadway, Union County, State of 
Ohio. A. S. Mowry, Surveyor. The same was certified to, and the streets and 
alleys dedicated to public use, on the 11th day of September, 1865, by said Crans- 
ton and his wife, and duly acknowledged on the same day and date, before T. L. 
Wiswell, a Justice of the Peace; recorded September 12. 1865, by James Smith, 
Recorder, Union County, Ohio. 

On the 23d and 24th days of November, 1865, was surveyed for Thomas 
Yearsley and Z. C. Pooler, certain lands as described upon the records at Marys- 
ville, to be known by the name and style of the Western Addition to Broadway, 
Union County, Ohio; A. S. Mowry, Deputy Surveyor, Union County, Ohio. This 
was certified to and 'the streets and alleys duly dedicated to public use by said 
parties January 16, 1866, and acknowledged on the same day and date before 
Peleg Cranston, a Justice of the Peace, and the same was recorded March 12, 1866, 
by James Smith, Recorder, Union County, Ohio. June 19 and 27, 1867, were 
surveyed into lots, streets and alleys, for Peleg Cranston and Samuel Straley, cer- 



TAYLOR TOWNSHIP. 683 

tain lands as described on the records at Marysville, under the name of the Eastern 
Addition to Broadway, Union County. State of Ohio, and the same certified to, and 
the streets and alleys dedicated to public use, August 6, 1867, by the said parties, 
and duly acknowledged on same day and date, before T. E. Bowen, a Justice of 
the Peace. August 7, 1875, were surveyed and laid off into lots, streets and 
alleys, certain lands, as described on the records at Marysville, to be known as 
Cranston's Second Addition to Broadway, Union County, Ohio, by Andrew S. 
Mo wry. County Surve3'or; and the same certified to, and the streets and alleys 
dedicated to public use August 20, 1875, by the said Cranston and wife, and duly 
acknowledged the same day and date before Zelotes C. Pooler, a Justice of the 
Peace, and recorded August 23, 1875, b}" Hiram Roney, Recorder. 

Prior to the laying-out of the town of Broadwa}', Peleg Cranston, Esq., 
erected a frame house south of the railroad, and in December, 1864, opened a store 
with a general assortment of goods; the next summer the town was laid out, so 
that Mr. Cranston became its first merchant. The first blacksmith was John 
Bault. In 1867, Mr. Cranston and others, through petition, obtained the estab- 
lishment of a post oflSce, with Peleg Cranston, Esq., Postmaster. The first post 
office in this township was established in 1853-54, known as Taj'lor Center; it was 
located on the Kenton & Marysville pike, on the^ place now owned by A. Dever, 
with Z. C. Pooler as Postmaster, who held the office till 1862-63, when he resigned 
and H. P. Goff was appointed Postmaster. But after the building of the railroad, 
and the establishment of a mail route over it, the old mail route through this 
township was abandoned, and the post office was established at Broadway as 
above mentioned. Peley Cranston, Esq., as Postmaster, was succeeded b}' Well- 
ington Armstrong; and the office has been successfuly occupied by the following: 
S. A. Dennis, Z. C. Pooler, Wellington Armstrong (second time), and Mrs. C. E. 
Yonkin, who is the present incumbent. 

The first physician was Dr. Henry Vigor; and the following have been the 
successive physicians, viz.: Dr. Stephen Burkham, Dr. Shaw, Dr. Jeremiah Ran- 
dall, Dr. Skidimore, Dr. Crumlev, Dr. W. L. Pinkerton, Dr. S. S. Drake, Dr. J. B. 
Taylor and Dr. H. P. Winters. " 

A spoke and hub factor}' was erected on the north side of the railroad, by S. 
A. Dennis & Brother, where they carried on an active and extensive business till 
about 1880, when they removed their machinery to Upper Sandusky, where they 
are now doing a prosperous business. 

This town now contains a population of nearly 500 inhabitants, embracing 
the following business firms: Three general stores, by Peleg Cranston, Esq., J. 
J. Watts and Seth Gates; one drug store, by C. D. Watts; two groceries and 
restaurants, C. W. Smith and J. P. Robins; one grocery and feed store, by T. A. 
Redding; two millinery stores, by Mrs. S. A. Tunks and Mrs. V. A. Hunt; two 
blacksmiths, John Bault and A. B. Pugsle}^; one harness shop, by John Crofford; 
two boot and shoe makers, N. C. Welch and A. Leonhard; two hotels, by John 
Morris and Saul Gleason; one livery stable, by Lewis Bruard ; two butchers, 
Messrs. Wilson and Higby ; one grain warehouse and elevator, by Rogers & 
Thompson. The railroad was completed and ran its first train March 31, 1864, 
and has a fine depot building here, one of the best along the route. There is one 
church. Free Will Baptist, and one two-story frame schoolhouse with two rooms. 
Broadway is a pleasant town. 

ELECTIONS AND OFFICIALS. 

The first elections were held at the old log schoolhouse, known as the Scott 
Schoolhouse. April 1, 1850, a regular election was held according to law to elect 
members to a general convention called for the purpose of amending the constitu- 
tion of the State of Ohio, which resulted in this township making choice of Otway 
Curry and Cornelius S. Hamilton for representing the District of Marion, Union, 
Logan and Hai-din Counties. The various officials of the township since its erec- 
tion have been as follows : 



684 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Trustees— ISbO, Philip Miller, Truxton Ford and James McAdow ; 1851, 
William Sayers, Joseph Maskill and ; 1852, Joseph Maskill, 

Zelotes C. Pooler and John W. Thompson ; 1853, John W. Thompson, 
Z. C. Pooler and Lorey Ford ; 1854, John W. Thompson, Lorey Ford and 
James Irwin ; 1855, James Irwin, Lorey Ford and J. J. Welch ; 1856, James 
Irwin, Joseph Evans and Lorey Ford ; 1857-59, Loi'ey Ford, Joseph Evans and 
David Sheneman ; 1860-62, Lorey Ford, Joseph Evans and William Laughrey ; 
1863-64, Lorey Ford, Joseph Evans and Henry Crist ; 1866-67, Lorey Ford, 
Henry Crist and Luther Turner; 1868-69, J. A. Welch, J. C. McAdow and 
William Elliott; 1870, Z. C. Pooler, Newton Case and M. C. Thompson ; 1871-72, 
N. Case, M. L. Thompson and Thomas Yearsley ; 1873, William Elliott, N. W. 
Convers and Luther Turner ; 1874, V. J. Case, J. W. Brown and E. McNeal ; 1875, 
E. McNeal, S. McAdow and J. W. Brown; 1876, S. McAdow, M. L. Thompson 
and B. F. Martin ; 1877, J. C. Hull, M. L. Thompson and B. F. Martin ; 1878-80, 
J. C. Hull, S. McAdow and N. C. Welch ; 1881-82, T. Hogau, William Elliott and 
S. L. Laughre}'. 

Clerks — Joshua Judy, Jr., who served until the spring election when John 
Wheeler was elected and served bv re-election five yeai's in succession ; 1855-61, 
Thomas E. Lockwood ; 1862, Z. C. Rose: 1863, G." W. Freeman ; 1864-66, John 
A. Welch ; 1867-69, Henry Vigor ; 1870-72, J. A. Welch ; 1873-82, P. J. Wyeth. 

Treasurers — 1850-52, James Irwin ; 1853, Jesse Barnett ; 1854-58, David 
Danforth ; 1859-62, Peleg Cranston ; 1863, H. P. Goff ; 1864-67, Peleg Cranston ; 
1868-69, Nathan Yearsley ; 1870-76, P. Cranston; 1877-82, W. S. Rogers. 

Assessors — 1850-51, Richard L. Judv ; 1852-53, Samuel Wheeler ; 1854, 
Thomas Yearsley ; 1855-56, J. M. DanfoVth ; 1357-58, Jesse H. Welch ; 1859, 
Jesse Welch ; 1860-63, William Fulk ; 1864-69, John R. Farrington ; 1870, J. C. 
McAdow ; 1871-72, Luther Turner : 1873, P. Cranston ; 1874, B. Collins ; 1875, 
W. H. Willis ; 1876, L. Turner ; 1877-78, C. H. Bobbins ; 1879, L. Turner ; 1880- 
82, W. H. Willis. 

ConstaMes—lS^oQ, 0. H. P. Ward ; 1851, John Keaan ; 1852, John L. Mc- 
Adow ; 1853, William Scott ; 1854, Richard Herd, refused to serve, and Thomas 
E. Lockwood appointed ; 1855, Ira A. Robbins ; 1856-57, Richard Herd and 
Brice Collins ; 1858-59, Brice Collins and Franklin Welch ; 1860-61, Brice Col- 
lins and Gr. W. Wheeler; 1862, Brice Collins and Benjamin Spillar ; 1863. Brice 
Collins and S. H. Johnson ; 1864-65, Benjamin Spillar and Pellatise Safford ; 
1866, J. M. DoUison and Benjamin Spillar ; 1867, David Lamb and John B. Jack- 
son ; 1868, David Lamb aud Franklin Welch ; 1869-70, William Turner and 
James McNeal ; 1871-72, William Turner and John Rowe ; 1873, David McGoon 
and A. Young ; 1874, David McGoon and A. Amrine ; 1875, A. Rowe and A. 
Amrine ; 1876, J. Converse and J. Green ; 1877, F. D. Goswell and D. Magoon ; 
1878, D. Patrick and C. M. Cary ; 1879, D. Patrick and R. H. Branan ; 1880, H. 
Maybee and J. W. Hover ; 1881, S. A. Tunks and B. F. Miller ; 1882, S. A. Tunks 
and W. A. McCanne3\ 

Justices of the Peace — 1850, Richai'd L. Judv ; 1851, Samuel Wheeler : 1854- 
62. Z. C. Pooler; 1856-61, J. M. Danfor;th ; 1860, John Fulk; 1863-71, David 
Sheneman ; 1863-71, P. Cranston ; 1871, George W. Freeman ; 1875-81, Willard 
Edson ; 1874, and served till his death ; 1877, S. A. Dennis ; 1879, S. B. Hamilton ; 
1881, Peleg Cranston ; 1882, 0. W. McAdow ; 1882, David Sheneman. 

VALUATIONS. 

Value of lands of Taylor Township, 8411,439 ; value real estate in cities and 
towns, $15,475 ; value chattel property, $152,137 ; total valuation, $579,051. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 

JAMES AMRINE, farmer, P. 0. Marysville. The subject of this sketch was born Novem- 
ber 29, 1887, in Union County, Ohio. Ilis parents were .Josiah and Sarah Amrine, his father a 
native of Pennsylvania and his mother of Guernsey County, Ohio. Our subject was reared on a 



TAYLOR TOWNSHIP. 685 

farm and received an ordinary district school education. On March 11, 1858, he was united in 
marriage with Matilda A. Wolford, who was born September 3, 1841, in Knox Couniy, Ohio. 
To them have been born four children, three of whom are now living — Ellen M., born May 28, 
1859 ; Ettie, born .January 2k, 1862 ; and Lewis, born March 9, 1874. He engaged in business 
for himself when twenty years of age, first farmingas a lessee for six years, after which time he 
bought seventy-five acres of land on which he settled, where he now resides in Taylor Township. 
He has been successful in business, and for twenty years has, with his wife, been a member of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

JAMES S. BALDWIN, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Orange County, Vt., Febru- 
ruary 9, 1828, and is a son of Ezra and Martha (Peck) Baldwin. Ezra was born in Orange 
County, Vt., December 2, 1797, and Martha was born in Worcester County, Mass., in November, 
1799. They were married in Massachusetts in September, 1820, and emigrated to Ohio in 
1846, settling in Delaware County in 1847, and in Union County, in 1861, where they remained 
until their deaths. He died February 22, 1869, and she January 27, 1870. James was united 
in marriage March 30, 1851, with Sarah Ann Barber, who was born in Muskingum County Sep- 
tember 15, 1831. He has been engaged in teaching school and farming most of his life. He 
acquired a common school education, and is a member of the Free-Will Baptist Church. He 
his taken quite an active part in the schools of Taylor Township. Mr. and Mrs. Baldwin are 
the parents of eleven children, of whom ten survive — Lemuel T., born March 19, 1852 ; James 
S., born March 17, 1853 ; Mary A., born September 28, 1854; William L., born December 22, 
1856; Frank L., born November 28, 1858; Martha A., born October 28, 1861; Clara J., born 
March 28, 1866 ; Dora M., born September 3, 1868; Harvey L., born September 25, 1872, and 
Charles H., born October 29, 1874. 

REUBEN BARNETT, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Clark County, Ohio, June 
10, 1829, and is a son of Jesse and Mary Barnett. Mr. Barnett, Sr., was born in Tennessee, 
and his wife in Pennslyvania. They were married in Ohio. He came to Ohio when sixteen 
years of age and settled in Clark County, but afterward moved to Union County, Ohio, with his 
wife, where they remained until their deaths. Mr. Barnett died in October, 1861, and Mrs. 
Barnett in 1868. Reuben was united ia marriage, May 25, 1869, with Eliza V. Jackson, who 
was born in Union County, Ohio, April 3, 1849. He acquired a commoQ school education, and 
has been engaged in fiirmiug during life, now owning a nice farm containing 155J acres. Mr. 
and Mrs. Barnett are the parents of four children, of whom three survive — William E., born 
March 30, 1870; Asa W., born January 1, 1872, and Nettie B. born .June 12, 1875. 

ABRAHAM CARVER, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Licking County, Ohio, April 
20, 1837, and is a son of James W. and Mary (Livingston) Carver. The former was born in 
New Jersey, in 1807, and emigrated to Ohio when five years of age, with his parents ; his wife 
born in Ohio, in 1814, and they were married in Licking County, where they remained until 
their deaths ; he died in September, 1879, and she in June of the same year. Abraham was 
united in marriage, February 15, 1857, with Elizabeth Long, who was born in Licking County, 
Ohio, in January, 1837. He was twenty years of age, when he engaged in farming as a renter , 
and thus continued for ten years, when he bought seventy-five acres of land in Licking County. 
After keeping that for some time, he sold it and purchased 124 acres in UnioQ County, Ohio, 
where he resides, about one half mile from Broadway. He acquired a common school edu- 
cation in the common schools of Ohio. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. fraternity. Mr. and 
Mrs. Carver are the parents of two children — Edward and Burt. 

NEWTON CASE (deceased), was born in Hartford County, Conn., October 18, 1805, and 
was a son of Martin and Rachel (Moore) Case, who were natives of Connecticut, where they 
were married They emigrated to Delaware County, Ohio, where they remained until their 
deaths. Newton was united in marriage, November 3, 1828, with Azubah Gay, who was born 
ia Massachusetts, October 1, 1810. When he was twenty-three years of age, he bought sixty- 
seven and a half acres of land from his father, and engaged in farming. He continued buying 
land and farming until, at the time of his death he owned nearly 895 acres, all in a high state 
of cultivation. He died August 12, 1881. He acquired a common school education, and had 
filled the office of Township Trustee of Taylor Township. Mr. and Mrs. Case were the parents 
of nine children, of whom six survive — Lucretia, born July 16. 1829 ; Electa, born March 30, 
1831 ; Climenia E., born September 3, 1833 ; Clinton, born April 20, 1835 ; Rachel, born February 
12, 1837 ; and Velasco J., born June 20, 1841. Mr. and Mrs. Case were members of church, for 
a great many years, and in the death of Mr. Case Taylor Township lost one of its most valua- 
ble citizens. 

VELASCO J. CASE, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, June 20. 
1840, and is a eon of Newton and Azubah Case, whose biographical sketch appears in this work. 
He was united in marriage October 14, 1861, with Mary Ann Keller, who was born in Virginia 
Septem ber 18, 1843. He has been ergagcd in farming all his life, and has filled the offices of 
Township Trustee and School Director. He acquired a very limited education. Mr. and Mrs. 
Case are the parents of ten children, of whom seven gvirvive— William L., born October 13. 1864 ; 
Adella May, born May 7, 1866; Addie V., born Marcti 7, 1868; Newton 0., born December 21, 
1869 : Ida M., born November 6, 1872 : Clarence V., born April 7, 1878, and Minnie, born March 
9, 1880. 



686 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTl. 

GEORGE CODER, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Ross County, Ohio, February 29, 
1816, and is a son of Simon and Jane (Gault) Coder. Mr. Coder, Sr., was born in Pennsylvania, 
and his wife in Virginia. They were married in Ross County, Ohio. He came to Ohio with his 
parents when a boy, and finally settled iu Union County, where he is still living, being now 
ninety-one years of age ; his wife has been dead several years. George was united in marriage 
October 28, 1840, with Elizabeth Hamilton, who was born in Ross County, Ohio, November 19, 
1820. He has been engaged in farming through life, and now owns 185 acres of land, where he 
resides, which is well improved. He acquired a common school education. Mr. and Mrs. Coder 
are the parents of five children— Maria J., Simon P., James A., Joanna and Emily. He has 
also one child that was given him when it was two years old, its mother having died ; the name 
of this one is David McCormick. Mrs. Coder, a very estimable lady, has been a member of the 
Christian Church thirty-seven years. 

PELEG CRANSTON, merchant, Broadway, was born in Champaign County, Ohio, Novem- 
ber 16, 1826, and is a son of John B. and Betsey (Lathrop) Cranston, the former a native of 
Rhode Island, born September 15, 1798, and his wife a native of Connecticut, born June 16, 
1802. He emigrated with his father, sister and four brothers to Darby Plains, Ohio, where he 
resides. He was united in marriage in Ohio, April 22, 1823, to Betsey Lathrop, with whom he 
lived until March 1, 1879, at which time she passed away from earth. Our subject was united 
in marriage December 24, 1846, with Mary A. Bland, a native of Virginia, born June 9, 1827. 
Soon after his marriage he engaged in farming as a renter, and thus continued for four years, 
when he engaged in the mercantile business for two years, after which he again took up farm- 
ing. He first bought 128 acres of land in Taylor Township, Union County, and afterward added 
to it until he had at one time 232 acres. H e has since sold until he owns at present 1 74 acres of land, 
in a high state of cultivation. He has been engaged in the mercantile business to some extent all his 
life, and is thus engaged at the present, in Broadway, Ohio, where he keeps a general store, and 
has a large patronage. He acquired a common school education in the common schools of Ohio, 
and has tilled the office of Treasurer of Taylor Township for twelve years, and is Justice of the 
Peace at this time and has been for eight years. These offices he has filled with credit to him- 
self and his constituents. He has also been Superintendent of the Union Sabbath School of 
Broadway, Ohio, for eighteen years. Mr. and Mrs. Cranston are the parents of four children, 
viz.: French, deceased ; Webb, deceased; Walter F., born July 25, 1856, and Inez, deceased. 
Mrs. Cranston is a member of the Free-Will Baptist Church. 

JOHN DIXON deceased, was born in Virginia February 16, 1826, and was a son of John and 
Sarah (McClure) Dixon, who were both natives of Virginia, where they were married in 1820. 
He died in the Western country, and she died in Union County, Ohio. Our subject was 
united in marriage May 28, 1858, with Mary O. Evans, who was born in Delaware May 7, 1838. 
Mr. Dixon died September 5, 1868. They were the parents of one child— Sarah E., born 
August 6, 1859. Mr. Dixon acquired a common school education, and was a man loved and re- 
spected by all who knew him. Mrs. Dixon, his widow, is still living, and is a member of the 
Christian Church. 

DR. S. S. DRAKE, physician, Broadway, was born in Logan County, Ohio, November 5 
1837, and is a son of Abram and Elizabeth (Cook) Drake. Abram was born on the waters of Yel- 
low Creek, Carroll County, Ohio, September 26, 1806, acd Elizabeth, his wife, was born near 
Pittsburgh, Penn., November 2, 1808. They were married in 1827, moved from Carroll County 
to Logan County, and then to Union County, Ohio, where they settled and remained until his 
death, which occurred in 1867; his widow is still living. The Doctor was united in marriage, 
September 17, 1865, with Lucretia D. Brees, who was born in Liberty Township, Union County, 
Ohio, August 24, 1844. When twenty-one years of age, he engaged in teaching school, and con- 
tinued for twelve years, after which he began reading medicine with Dr. Skidmore. After 
finishing his course of study, he began practicing in Broadway, Ohio, in 1877. He acquired a 
good common school education, and is a member of the Masonic order at Newton, Ohio. He 
and his wife are the parents of two children — Harry H., born September 1, 1872, and Tenney 
P., born March 30, 1877. The Doctor has met with very good success in his practice. 

WILLIAM ELLIOTT, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Leesburg Township, Union 
County, Ohio, August 21, 1833, and is a son of John and Louisa (Woods) Elliott, the former a 
native of New Jersey. They were married in Union County, Ohio, and after they were married, 
they moved to Illinois, where they remained twelve years, and then came back to reside in 
Leesburg Township. William was united in marriage September 30, 1860, with Sarah Jane 
Mullyane, who was born in Ohio, August 29, 1840. He has thus far in life been engaged iu 
farming, and owns 11 9^ acres of land. He has been Trustee of Taylor Township four terms, 
and is a member of the Board of Trustees at the present. Mr. and Mrs. Elliott are the parents 
of eleven children, viz.: Josephine, Lewis, Marshall, Laura R., Devah J., Wesley, Ulysses, 
Arthur, William, Maliefie and Sylvester. 

JOSEPH EVANS (deceased). Our subject was born in Chester County, Penn., February 
28, 1801, and was a son of Thomas and Elizabeth Evans. Mr. Evans, Sr., was born in Penn- 
sylvania April 12, 1761, and his wife was born in Pennsylvania November 3, 1768. They 
were married in Pennsylvania, where they remained until their death. Joseph was united in 



TAYLOR TOWNSHIP. 687 

marriage, May 17, 1832, with Margaret Harlan, who was born in Pennsylvania March 3, 1811. 
He was engaged in farming most of his life in Union County, Ohio, and at his death owned 176 
acres of land in Taylor Township, this county. He died April 29, 1881. Mr. and Mrs. Evans 
were the parents of eight children, six of whom are living — Mary O., Thomas L., Joseph P., 
Elizabeth M., Sarah A. and Joshua. 

TRUXTON FORD, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, one of Taylor Township's old pioneers, was 
born in Ohio March 3, 1805, and is a son of Chauncey and Mary Ford ; the former was born in 
Connecticut. They were married in Ohio in 1804, and remained there until their death. Our 
subject was united in marriage in 1828 with Miss Roanna Broage, who was born in Virginia, 
in July, 1803, and died September 10, 1859. He remained a widower until November, 1861, 
when he was united in marriage with Martha Maskill, who was born in England June 30, 
1812. When twenty-eight years of age, he engaged in farming for himself, and has thus con- 
tinued ever since, he owning at this time 151 acres of land in Taylor Township. Mr. and Mrs. 
Ford have been blessed with six children, of whom five survive — Sylvester, Amanda, Henry C, 
William H. and Minerva M. Mr. Ford has filled the office of Township Trustee for several years. 

H. C. FORD, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Licking County, Ohio, April 15, 1837, 
and is a son of Truxton and Roanna Ford. He was united in marriage November 19, 1870, 
with Delila Snider, who was born in Virginia, .June 1, 1843. He has been engaged in farming 
most of his life and now owns 104J acres of land, where he resides, which is in a high state of 
cultivation. He acquired a very limited education. Mr. and Mrs. Ford are the parents of one 
child, viz., Ida N., born January 31, 1873. Mr. and Mrs. Ford are an enterprising and in- 
dustrious couple. 

SYLVESTER FORD, farmer, P. O. Broadway, was born in Licking County, Ohio, June 12, 
1832, and is a son of Truxton and Roanna Ford. Sylvester was united in marriage July 30, 
1856, with Minerva Ford, who was born in Perry County, Ohio, April 10, 1838; soon after their 
marriage he engaged in farming for himself, a business he has followed all his life. He now 
owns 161 acres of land in a high state of cultivation. He acquired a common school education 
in the common schools of Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Ford are the parents of five children, of whom 
four survive, viz.: Amanda, born April 26, 1857; Flora L., born April 17, 1861 ; OUie R., born 
June 10, 1863 ; and Truxion C, born November 18, 1865; Warren (deceased), was born Janu- 
ary 2, 1859, and died October 25, 1872. Mrs. Ford has been a member of the Free- Will Baptist 
Church for ten years. 

W. H. FORD, farmer, P. 0. Claibourne, was born in Licking County, Ohio, August 4, 1840, 
and is a son of Truxton and Roanna Ford. W. H. Ford was united in marriage, November 16, 
1861, with Emily Hedges, who was born in Virginia November 24, 1843. When twenty-one 
years of age, he engaged in farming for himself as a renter, and thus continued until about 1879, 
when he bought 123^ acres of land, where he now resides, which he has since that time farmed. 
He acquired a common school education. Mr. and Mrs. Ford are the parents of nine children, 
of whom seven survive, viz.: William E., born May 12, 1863 ; Finley S., born October 25, 1864 ; 
John H., born October 2, 1866 ; Stephen B., born November 10, 1868; Charlie A., born Decem- 
ber 22, 1870 ; Laura E., born July 31, 1878, and Minnie W., born October 13, 1880. 

LORY FORD, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, November 3, 
1811, and is a son of Chauncey and Mary Ford. The former was born in Connecticut in 1780, 
and was sixteen years as age when he came to Ohio. They were married in 1804, and remained 
in Ohio until their death, he in 1847, and she in 1852. They were engaged in farming through 
life. Our subject was united in marriage, January 16, 1836, with Hester Ann Miller, who was 
born in Ohio, above Wheeling, in 1813. When twenty-one years of age, he engaged in farming 
for himself as a renter, and thus continued for ten years, when he bought 270 acres of land where 
he now resides, of which he has since sold 124 acres, leaving 146 acres of land in a high state 
of cultivation. He has been engaged in farming all his life. He acquired a common school edu- 
cation, and has been a member of the Masonic order for nearly forty years, and he filled the 
office of Township Trustee of Taylor Township for fourteen years. His wife died June 24, 1875. 
Mr. and Mrs. Ford were the parents of ten children, of whom eight survive — Philarna, Clarissa, 
Minerva, Mary Elizabeth, Frank, Jennie, Lory C. and Hiram J. Mrs. Ford was a member of 
the Lutheran Church for a great many years, and Mr. Ford is still a member of the church, 
and resides on the old home farm. 

G. W. FREEMAN, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, June 22, 
1828, and is a son of Solomon and Abigail Freeman. The former was born in Massachusetts 
on March 12, 1789, and his wife was born in New Hampshire October 17, 1793. They were 
married ten miles south of Batavia, N. Y., in 1811. They firs t emigrated to Pennsylvania 
and then to Ohio, and after living in several different localities of Ohio, they finally moved to 
Union County where they settled and remained until their deaths. He died in September, 1863, 
and she died January 24, 1881. Our subject was united in marriage December 29. 1853, with 
Arminda McCracken, who was born in Morrow County, Ohio, October 25, 1833. He has been 
engaged in farming through life and now owns nearly 220 acres of land in Taylor Township, 
where he resides. He acquired a common school education, and is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. 
Lodge. He has filled the office of Clerk and Justice of the Peace in Taylor Township. He was 



688 HISTORY OF UxNION COUNTY. 

married twice, his second wife being Susan McCracken, a sister of iiis first wife, whom he mar- 
ried October, 1863 ; she was born February ^0, 1836. He is the father of seven children, of 
whom five survive, three by his first wife and four hy the second — Emmett I., Ida L., Elmer J., 
Louella E. and Elma A. Mr. Freeman is a good and substantial citizen, and well respected in 
the community ia which he lives. 

ISAAC F. GATES, merchant, Broadway, was born in Washington County, Ohio, September 

7, 1834, and is a son of Seth and Philena Gates. Mr. Gates was born in Washington County, 
Ohio, May 2, 1812, and his wife was born in Maine in 1814. They were united in marriage in 
1833 and emigrated to Union County, Ohio, where they now reside. Isaac was united in mar- 
riage with Rachel Kendall, March 22, 1866 ; she is a native of Licking County, Ohio, born May 
13, 1845. AVhen he was tweuty years of age, he began carpentering and continued until 1865, 
when he engaged in the mercantile business in Broadway, Ohio, and has been thus engaged ever 
since, with the exceptions of six years, during which he was larming. He owns property in 
Broadway, where he resides and at the present has a general store, such as is kept in all country 
towns, with a good patronage. He acquired a common school education, and is a member of 
the I. 0. 0. F. Lodge. Mr. and Mrs. Gates are the parents of six children, of whom five sur- 
vive, viz.: Carrie, born January 5, 1867 ; Watt, born September 9, 1868 ; Kelley, born August 
24, 1871 ; Lonnis, born April 16, 1874 ; and Tellie, born April 22, 1882. Mr. and Mrs. Gates 
are members of the Methodist Church, and have been for a number of years. 

BENJAMIN P. GLASCO, farmer, P. 0. Broadway. The subject of this sketch was born 
in Virginia March 26, 1819. His parents were natives of Virginia. He was reared to man's 
estate on a farm, and received but a common school education. On October 7, 1841, was 
celebrated his wedding, he leading to the marriage altar Miss Lida Turner, who was born in 
September, 1819, in Ohio. To them have been born seven children, of whom four are now liv- 
ing — Mary J., Anna L., Sarah E. and Susan M. He has been successful in business during 
life. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church ; contributes liberally to all worthy 
enterprises. He is the owner of 300 acres of tine, tillable land where he resides, in the west- 
ern portion of Taylor Township. 

HARVEY P. GOFF, retired farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Vermont July 25, 1814 
and is a son of Samuel and Betsy (Peck) Gofi", who were both natives of Massachusetts, the for, 
mer born January 23, 1786. and the latter June 25, 1790. Thej were married September 15- 
1811, in Massachusetts, and came to Ohio in 1834, first settling in Licking County and next in, 
Union County, where they remained until their deaths, he March 2, 1868, and she March 7, 
1868. Our subject was united in marriage, January 1, 1840, with Adaline D. Castle, who is a 
native of Vermont, born February 12, 1816. They were married in Licking County, Ohio; mi- 
grated to Union County and settled in Taylor Township, where they now reside. He has been 
engaged in farming most of his life ; was the first farmer in the township to use drain tile, and 
owns at this time near 315 acres of land. He has been a member of the Free-Will Baptist 
Church for forty-eight years; his wife was a member of the Regular Baptist Church for twenty- 
five years, and until nineteen years ago, when she connected herself with the church of her hus- 
band. Mr. Gofi" has filled the office of Township Treasurer, and for one year he was Postmaster, 
before Broadway was in existence, when the post office called Broadway Centre was at his 
house. He has had four children, the only survivor of whom is William H. He was born Jan- 
uary 23, 1843, and on August 16, 1870, married Miss S. J. AVatson, who was born in Knox 
County, Ohio, July 1, 1852, and by whom he has had five children, viz.: Alice M., born June 
28, 1871 ; Loren B., born March 24, 1873 ; Lydia 0., born August 14. 1875; Oscar, deceased ; 
and Bertha S., born June 9, 1881. He is engaged in the saw mill business, and owns a large 
tract of land. He and his wife are members of the Free-Will Baptist Church a Broadway, Ohio. 

JOHN HAMILTON, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Ross County, Ohio, December 

8, 1818, and is a son of James and Maria Hamilton. Mr. Hamilton was born in Ross County, 
Ohio, in 1792, and his wife was born in Virginia in 1799. They were married in Ross County, 
Ohio, in 1817. He came with his parents to Ohio when he was only two years of age, first to 
Ross County and next to Union County, where he remained until his death, which occurred 
September 18, 1872. Mrs. Hamilton is still living. John was united in marriage with Cath- 
arine Coder, who was a native of Ross County, Ohio, and after her death he married Lucy 
Griffin, also a native of Ross County, born November 30, 1828. He acquired a common school 
education, and has devoted the most of his life to farming. He is the father of ten children, of 
whom six survive, viz., Deborah, Serena Alice, Sophronia, Daniel B., Eunice and David D. 
Mr. Hamilton has been very successful through life, and now resides on his farm, consisting of 
112 acres of land in a high state of cultivation. He and his wife are members of the Christian 
Church. 

JAMES HAMILTON, farmer, P. O. Marysville, was born in Ross County, Ohio. November 
6, 1827, and is a son of James and Maria Hamilton. Mr. Hamilton, Sr., was born in Ross 
County, Ohio, in 1792, and his wife was born in Virginia August 7, 1799. They were married 
in Ross County, Ohio, in 1817. He came to Ohio with his parents when he was only two years 
of age, first to Ross County and then to Union County, where he remained until his death, 
which occurred in 1872. Mrs. Hamilton is still living. James was united in marriage, Septem- 



TAYLOR TOWNSHIP. 689 

ber 15, 1853, with Elizabeth Gi-aham, who was born in Union County in 1831. He has been 
engaged in farming since he was twenty years of age, and now owns 121 acres of good land 
where he resides. Mr. and Mrs. Hamilton are the parents of eight children, seven of whom are 
living — Samuel, Alpheus, James W., Frank N., Silas A., Otway and Guy. He and his wife are 
members of the Christian Church. 

JAMES HILDRETH, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Adams County, Ohio, January 
26, 1819, and is a son of Samuel and Fidelia (Stockwell) Hildreth. Samuel was born in Massa- 
chusetts, and Fidelia in New York. They were married in New York, and then came to Ohio 
and settled Adams County, going from there to Licking County, and three years later to Knox 
County, Ohio, where they remained until their death, he in 1865, and she in 1856. 
James was united in marriage, August 1, 1840, with Matilda Taif, who died July 3, 1847. He 
remained a widower until December 19, 1847, when he was again united in marriage with 
Elizabeth L. Martin, who was born in Knox County, Ohio, January 24, 1819. He engaged in 
farming for himself when twenty-three years of age, and has so continued through life. When 
he first came to Union County, Ohio, he bought 100 acres of land, where he resides, to which 
he has since added five acres. Mr. Hildreth is the father of eight children, four by his first 
wife and four by the last, of whom one of the first survive, and two of the last, viz.: Elizabeth, 
Fidelia and Harriet. Mr. Hildreth has been one of our old, substantial citizens, and is 
respected by all who know him. 

SOLOMON JAMES, farmer, P. 0. Broadway. The subject of this sketch was born in Norh 
Carolina, February 22, 1816, and was united in marriage October 6, 1853, with Jennette Gomst 
She was born in Augusta County, Va., August 18, 1830. They came to Ohio, where he bough 
fifty acres of land where he resides. He has since sold two acres and has left forty-eight acres 
of fine land, in a good location. Mr. and Mrs. James are the parents of two children — George 
W. and Benjamin F. Mr. James and his wife are members of the Baptist Church, and have 
been for near thirty years. 

WILLIAM JOLLIFF, Jr., farmer, P. 0. Claibourne, was born in Holmes County, Ohio, 
March 29, 1842, and is a son of Peter and Susan (Snyder) Jolliff ; Peter was a native of Pennsyl- 
vania ; his wife was born in Maryland, and they were united in marriage in Ohio. He and his 
wife emigrated to Ohio when young, and have resided here ever since. William was united in 
marriage December 25, 1862, with Charlotte Pearce, who was born in Union County, Ohio, 
November 20, 1841. He has been engaged in farming through life, and now owns 180 acres of 
splendid land. He acquired a common school education in the common schools of Ohio. Hie 
wife is a member of the Methodist Church. 

GEORGE W. JOLLIFF, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Holmes County, Ohio, March 
23, 1847, and is a son of Peter and Susan (Snyder) Jolliflf. Peter was born in Pennsylvania 
July 15, 1819; his wife was born in Maryland January 15, 1822, and they were united in mar- 
riage in Ohio in 1839. They emigrated to Ohio when young, and have remained there all their 
lives. George was united in marriage February 2, 1868, with Isabella Maskill, who was born in 
Union County, Ohio, June 6, 1853. He has been engaged in farming all his life, and owns at 
the present 113 acres of land, well improved, where he resides. Mi. and Mrs. JoUifi" are the 
parents of four children — Perry A., Ada M., Wilbert H. and Chauncey H. 

DAVID KELLER (deceased) was born in Virginia October 30, 1814, and was a son of Jacob 
and Catherine (Ewing) Keller, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of England. 
They were married in Virginia, and emigrated to Ohio, where they remained until their deaths, 
he in 1870 and she January 27, 1850. David was united in marriage September 8, 1842, with 
Ruth Ann Seal, who was born in Pennsylvania, on the banks of the Brandywine, February 14, 
1821. Mr. Keller was engaged in farming during life, and his widow resides on the home farm, 
consisting of 100 acres of land. He acquired a common school education, and was a member of 
the Methodist Church. He died May 17, 1860. Mr. and Mrs. Keller were the parents of four 
children — Mary Ann, Jacob W., Isaac N. and Lida J. Mr. Keller, in his life-time, was a very 
reliable citizen, upright in his deportment, and well worthy the imitation of others. 

JESSE LAUGHREY, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born March 29, 1834, in Licking County, 
Ohio. His parents were Edward and Elizabeth Laughrey, natives of Pennsylvania. The sub- 
ject of this sketch was reared to manhood on a farm, and received but a limited education. On 
January 28, 1858, he married Frances A. Miller, who was born September 13, 1836, in Mary- 
land. This union has been blessed with six children — Mary E., born October 23, 1858; John 
M., born February 21, 1860 ; Harriett M., born July 27, 1862; Ellen R., born October 3, 1865 ; 
Spencer A., January 4, 1872 ; Eva L., January 4, 1875. When twenty years old, he engaged in 
business for himself, having first leased a farm for four years. He made his first purchase of 
fifty-seven acres of land, and being successful in business transactions, found it convenient to 
purchase twenty-three acres in addition to the first, and finally made his third purchase ot forty 
acres, making a total of 120 acres. 

ELISHA LISTEN (deceased). The subject of this sketch was a resident of Taylor Town- 
ship, Union Co., Ohio, and was born in 1831. He was a son of Jacob and Lethia Listen. He 
was united in marriage with Maria Sevrens, who was born in Adams County, Ohio, January 9, 
1836. He was engaged in farming during life, and was killed in the last battle of the rebellion^ 



690 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Mr. and Mrs. Listen were the parents of four children, of whom two survive — James, born 
March 24, 1857, and Manha Jane, born March 3, 1862. James was united in marriage Sep- 
tember 25, 1881, with Martha Davis, who was born in York Center January 19, 1862. After 
the death of his father, Januis began the management of the farm, and has thus been engaged 
ever since. 

GEORGE W. MACHLING, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Westmoreland County, 
Penn., March 26, 1833, and is a son of Phillip and Barbara Machling, who were natives of Penn- 
sylvania. Phillip was born January 1, 1795, and his wife was born January 1, 1796. They 
were married in Pennsylvania in 1816 ; emigrated to Ohio and settled. He died in Union 
County November 4, 1868, and she is still living. George has been engaged in farming since he 
was twenty-three years of age. He owns 181 acres of nice land, well improved. He acquired 
a common school education, and was united in marriage, March 26, 1853, with Lucinda Abbot, 
who was born in Licking County, Ohio, December 5, 1835. To this union have been born seven 
children, of whom four survive, viz.: Frank M., Sophia, Alice and Josiah. 

SAMUEL McADOW, farmer. P. 0. Marysville. The subject of this sketch was born in 
Harrison County, Ohio, May 2, 1833. His parents were John McAdow, born in 1796, and 
Rebecca McAdow, born in 1795. His father was a farmer and carpenter, and died March 11, 
1877. His mother was a native of Pennsylvania and died in 1869. Samuel was married July 
18, 1853, to Miss Adaline Wolf, who was born May 18, 1835, in Pennsylvania ; they are the 
parents of eight children, six of whom are now living, viz. : William H., born July 6, 1854 ; 
Jasper, born September 2, 1855; Orlando, born May 30,1857; Alice L, born September 11, 
1867; Hugh, born September 13, 1870; Nye, born October 26, 1873. Samuel has, for perhaps 
ten years followed the carpentering business, but at the present he is engaged in farming and 
stock dealing. He has been a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for sixteen years, and 
his wife, an estimable lady, is also a member. For sixteen years, Mr. McAdow has served as 
Trustee of Taylor Township, and for five years as School Director. He is the owner of about 
220 acres of land. 

HENRY F. McCAMEY, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Licking County, Ohio, No- 
vember 9, 1856, and is a son of John G. and Mary Elizabeth McCamey. John was born near 
Zanesville, Ohio, in 1808, and his wife was born in Maryland, and died December 8, 1872. He 
finally settled in Union County, where he still resides. Henry was united in marriage, Novem- 
ber 9, 1881, with Clara A. Gleason, who was born in Licking County, Ohio, in August, 1856. 
He is engaged in farming and owns twenty-five acres of land. He acquired a common school 
education. Mr. and Mrs. McCamey are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

JONATHAN MOORE (deceased) was born in Ohio January 4, 1829, and was a son of 
Hugh and Elizabeth (Lonx) Moore, who were both natives of Virginia. They emigrated to Ohio, 
were married and remained in Ohio until their death. .Jonathan was united in marriage, Janu- 
ary 27, 1853, with Mary Ann Scott, who was born in Knox County, Ohio, June 10, 1835. At 
seventeen years of age, he began working by the month, and thus continued for three years, when 
he bought land, and at the time of his death he owned 453 acres in a high state of cultivation. 
His death occurred June 7, 1878. His widow still lives on the old home farm. Mr. and Mrs. 
Moore were the parents of three children — George W., born September 4, 1854 ; Hugh E., born 
March 12, 1856, and Dolph H., born January 12, 1865. 

GEORGE W. MOORE, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Taylor Township, Union 
County, Ohio September 4, 1854, and is a son of Jonathan (deceased) and Mary Ann (Scott) 
Moore. Jonathan was born in Ohio January 4, 1829, and his wife was born in Knox County, 
Ohio, June 10, 1835. They first settled in Union County, Ohio, remaining there for a time, 
and then moved to Warren County, but not being satisfied there, he moved back to Union Coun- 
ty, where he remained until his death, which occurred .June 7, 1878. His widow is still living 
in Taylor Township. Our subject was united in marriage. November 18, 1879, with Maggie J. 
Snow, who was born in Indiana November 19, 1857. When twenty-four years of age he en- 
gaged in farming on the land left him by his father. He has since purchased a tract of land 
and now owns 155 acres. He acquired a common school education. Mr. and Mrs. Moore are 
the parents of one child — Adolphus H., born January 25, 1881. Mr. Moore is a very indus- 
trious and enterprising young farmer. 

JACOB P. NORRIS, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Union County, Ohio, March 26, 
1846, and is a son of J. B. and Rebecca Norris. Mr. Norris, Sr. , was born in Canada, and 
Mrs. Norris in Pennsylvania ; emigrated to Ohio with his parents ; they were married in Union 
County, Ohio, and still reside there. Jacob P. was united in marriage, September 24, 1867, 
with Rebecca Harbert, who was born in Union County, Ohio, February 3, 1849. He has been 
engaged in farming most of his life. He acquired a common school education, and is a member 
of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and his wife is a member of the Methodist Church. 
Mr. and Mrs. Norris are the parents of seven children, of whom six survive — Carrie, Hattie, 
William J., Birdie, Egbert and Frank B. 

WINFIELD S. ROGERS, farmer and, stock-dealer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Licking 
County, Ohio, May 18, 1848, and is a son of John C. and Nancy C. Rogers. John C. was born 
in Licking County, Ohio, April 6, 1818, and his wife was born in Fairfield County, Ohio, No- 



TAYLOR TOWNSHIP. 691 

vember 24, 1822. They were united in marriage in Fairfield County, 'Ohio, November 20, 1840, 
and settled in Union County, Ohio, where they now reside. He is a carpenter by trade, but 
has been engaged in farming for the last twenty years. Winfield S. was united in marriage, 
December 9, 1869, with Mary L. Thompson ; she was born in Union County, Ohio, December 7, 
1848. Our subject has been engaged in farming and trading in stock and grain ever since he 
was twenty-one years of age. He is in partnership with his brother-in-law, Robert W. Thomp- 
son, of Broadway, Ohio, who is a first-class citizen and gentleman. Mr. Rogers owns at present 
350 acres of land in a high state of cultivation. He is a member of the I. 0. 0. F. Lodge, and 
is filling the ofi&ce of Treasurer of Taylor Township. Mr. and Mrs. Rogers were the parents of 
five children, of whom four survive, viz.: James L., born July 5, 1871 ; John C, born Septem- 
ber 7, 1876 ; William H., born November 9, 1878, and Victor W.,born December 11, 1881. The 
deceased is Nancy R., born May 11, 1873, and died December 26, 1876. Mr. Rogers is a live 
business man and ever ready to accommodate all. 

ABRAHAM SAGER, farmer, P, 0. Marysville, was born in Virginia August 20, 1826, 
and is a son of John and Rebecca (Cobk) Sager, who were natives of Virginia. They were 
married in Virginia in 1825, and emigrated to Franklin County; Ohio, where they remained 
until his death, which occurred in 1830. Mrs. Sager is yet living, and has been married twice 
since, and is a widow again. Abraham was united in marriage, January 12, 1854, with Mary 
Ann Grabs, who was born in Franklin County, Otiio, September 7, 1833. He has been engaged 
in farming through life. He acquired a common school education, and is a member of the I. 
■0. 0. F. society. Mr. and Mrs. Sager are the parents of four children — Lawrence E., Charlie F., 
Thomas M. and John Wesley. Mr. and Mrs. Sager have been members of the Methodist Church 
a great many years. 

D. D. SHEARER, saw mill, Broadway, was born in Pennsylvania May 3, 1815, and is a 
son of Solomon and Barbara A. Shearer, who were natives of Pennsylvania, where they were 
married. They emigrated to Greene County, Ohio, and to Indiana, where they remained until 
their deaths, he in May, 1860, and she in June, 1871. D. D. Shearer was united in marriage 
October 20, 1842, with Jane Dungle, who was born in Pennsylvania and died in Ohio. He re- 
mained a widower until April 11, 1846, when he was united in marriage with Margaret Finnis- 
frock, who was a native of Pennsylvania, born March 26, 1818. He has been engaged in the 
milling business all his life. He acquired a limited education, and he and his wife have been 
members of the Methodist Church for a number of years. Mr. Shearer is the father of seven 
children, one by his first wife and six by his last wife, and of the seven only three survive — 
Orismus S., born January 31, 1847 ; Winfield S., born December 21, 1849; and Armenia Belle, 
born May 16, 1854. Orismus, the oldest son, was united in marriage, December 25, 1870, with 
Mary E. Wyeth, who was born in Franklin County, Oiiio, July 12, 1853. They are the parents 
of three children — Minnie O., Daniel P. and Clarence 0. 

DAVID SHENEMAN, blacksmith, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Ohio June 18, 1824, and is 
a son of Henry and Julia Sheneman, who were natives of Pennsylvania. They were married 
in Ohio in 1809. He came to Ohio in 1806, and died in Miami County, Ind., in March, 1865; 
she died in Holmes County, Ohio, October 16, 1843. David was united in marriage, April 14, 
1852, with Elizabeth Machling, who was born in Pennsylvania March 7, 1830. He has been 
engaged in blacksmithing ever since he was twenty-three years of age. He owns a nice little 
home, consisting of thirty acres, where he resides. He has filled the office of Justice of the 
Peace and Trustee of Taylor Township. Mr. and Mrs. Sheneman are the parents of five chil- 
dren — Emanuel M., Barbara E., William H.,and twins, Eveline and Angeline. Mr. and Mrs. 
Sheneman have been members of the Christian Church for many years. 

JOHN SHIRK, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Union County, Ohio, May 21, 1827, 
and is a son of Adam and Anna (Dix) Shirk. His parents were natives of Virginia. Mr. 
Shirk, Sr., was born in 1793, and his wife was born in 1798. They were married in Virginia, 
and came to Union County, Ohio, about 1825, where they remained until their deaths, he in 
August, 1877, and she in April, 1859. John was united in marriage, December 24, 1859, with 
Sarah SafiFord, who was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, April 28, 18H5. He has been en- 
gaged in farming, and owns at the present time 200 acres of land in a splendid neighborhood. 
He acquired a limited education. Mr. and Mrs. Shirk are the parents of eight children, seven 
of whom are living — Elmer E., Adam W., Daniel H., Myrtle C, Sarah E., Maggie M. and Min- 
nie F. Mr. and Mrs. Shirk are members of the Christian Church. 

THOMAS J. SIMPSON, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Taylor Township, Union 
County, Ohio, July 8, 1850, and is a son of Joseph and Margaret Simpson. Joseph was born 
in England and came to Virginia when nine years of age, and afterward to Ohio, where he 
settled in Delaware County. He finally pressed forward to Union County, where he remained 
until his death, which occurred March 20, 1869. Margaret, his first wife, died in Union 
County, Ohio. He was next united in marriage with Jane Grest, of Delaware County, Ohio, 
who is still living and at the present time is in Columbus, Ohio. Thomas J. was united in mar- 
riage, August 11, 1873, with Mary E. Martin, a native of Iowa. He engaged in working by the 
month when eighteen years of age, and thus continued for twelve years, when he bought thirty- 
five acres of land where he now resides. He acquired a common school education. Mr. and 

37 



692 HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 

Mrs. Simpson are the parents of five children, of whom four survive, viz.: Ida V., George A., 
Hannah R. and an infant. 

GEORGE SNYDER, fiirmer, P. 0. Claibourne, was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, 
April 22, 1827, and is a son of Jacob and Margaret (Hinkle) Snyder. .Jacob was born in Mary- 
land in 1801, and his wife was born in Pennsylvania. They were married in Pennsylvania ; he 
and his family came to Ohio, first to Columbiana County, next to Holmes County, and lastly 
to Union County in 1855, where they remained until their death. He died in July, 1861, and 
she in 1872. George was united in marriage August 12, 1849 ; his wife, Elsie Snyder, was 
born in Wayne County, Ohio, in 1826, and died April 11, 1851. He was united in marriage 
the second time, March 1, 1853, with Eliza Grim, who was born in Pennsylvania in 1825. 
He has been engaged in farming most of his life, and now owns 55i acres of land. He ac- 
quired a common school education in his youth. He is the father of four children, of whom one 
survives — John A. Mr. Snyder is a member of the Free-Will Baptist Church, and his first and 
last wives were both members of the church. 

J. B. TAYLOR, physician, Broadway, was born in Delaware County, Ohio, December 6, 1847, 
and is a son of Elam and Mary Ann (Glaze) Taylor, the former a native of Delaware County, Ohio, 
born January 24, 1815, and the latter a native of Franklin County, Penn., born April 1, 
1814; she was a faithful wife and a good mother, and passed away from earth December 12, 
1850. After remaining single for quite awhile, he was again united in marriage with a widow 
lady. Mr. Taylor is a man of considerable local influence, and has been filling the office of 
Justice of the Peace for many years with credit. He and his wife reside at Norton, Ohio. Our 
subject was but four years of age when his mother died; his father then broke up housekeeping, 
and he was then thrown out upon the charities of the world to battle for himself. He lived with 
several fixmilies until he was eleven years of age, when he went to work with a family for his 
board and clothes ; he remained four years, when he ran off from them. He enlisted in the army 
in Company G, Eighty-eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and after coming out of the army lived 
with his father, and attended school one winter. He next engaged to work for J. A. Schaaf, at 
$6 per month, and while working there, attended school in the winter. He passed through a 
great many privations and hardships, and v?hen he began to read medicine had no money with 
which to pay his tuition, so he did office work to pay for his education. He began the prac- 
tice at Green Camp, Marion County, Ohio, and from there came to Broadway, Ohio, where he 
has a very good practice. He graduated in medicine March 3, 1881, He was united in mar- 
riage February 23, 1882, wi(h Emma Wolford, a native of Green Camp, Marion County, Ohio. 
The Doctor is really a self made man. 

LUTHER TURNER, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Clark County, Ohio, February 
20, 1828, and is a son of John and Leah Turner, the former was born in Maryland, in 1800, and 
his wife was born in Pennsylvania. They were married in Clark County, Ohio, where he first 
settled when he came to Ohio. He afterward came to Union County, Ohio, where he remained 
until his death, which occurred June 9, 1879; his wife died October 10, 1862. Luther was 
united in marriage, January 15, 1860, with Deborah Hamilton, who was born in Taylor Town- 
ship, Union County, Ohio, December 19, 1840. He first learned the blacksmith trade, and after 
working at the trade eight years, he eng-jged in farming, and has thus continued through life, 
at this time owning 116 acres of land. He acquired a common school education, and has been a 
member of the Masonic order for twenty-five years. Mr. and Mrs. Turner are the parents of 
four children, of whom three survive, viz.: Nettie, Sarah A. and Carrie. Mrs. Turner is a mem- 
ber of the Christian Church. 

J. S. VANATTA, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in New Jersey October 7, 1827, and 
is a son of Elias and Nancy Vanatta, who were both natives of New Jersey, the former born in 
March, 1808. Our subject was very young when his mother died, and after her death his father 
was again united in marriage with Elizabeth Huffman, who was a native of New Jei-sey. They 
are both living. Our subject was united in marriage, April 15, 1869, with Dianthia Rosencrantz, 
who died December 27, 1878. He was next united in marriage with Jane E. Atherton, who was 
born in Licking County August 26, 1833. They were married October 27, 1880. He has been 
engaged in farming through life, and now owns 110.} acres of land, with splendid improvements. 
He and his wife are members of the Methodist Church. 

M. M. WARNER, farmer and carpenter, P. 0. Claibourne, was born in Maryland March 4, 
1810, and is a son of John and Clarissa Warner. John was born in Pennsylvania February 11, 
1776, and his wife was born in Maryland March 16, 1786. They were married in Frederick 
County, Md., December 25, 1801, and emigrated to Ohio, where they remained until their 
deaths, he December 5, 1841, and she June 10, 1877. M. M. Warner was united in marriage, 
April 15, 1838, with Eliza Coalhaze, who was born in Maryland October 5, 1818, and died Jan- 
uary 28, 1880. When twenty-one years of age, he learned the carpenter trade, and followed that 
trade for nearly forty years, when he engaged in farming, and has followed that ever since. Mr. 
and Mrs. Warner were the parents of nine children, of whom eight survive, viz.: John B., 
George M., Jennie C, Clarissa E., Henry M., Josephine C, Orval J. and Ellen S. Mr. Warner 
acquired a good common school education in his youth. His wife was a member of the Meth 
odist Church. 



TAYLOR TOWNSHIP. 693 

J. J. WATTS, merchant, Broadway. The subject of this sketch, a very enterprising young 
business man, was born in Franklin Township, Franklin County, Ohio, November 25, 1847, and 
is a son of Hiram and Sarah J. (Goldsmith) Watts, both natives of Ohio. Mr. Watts was born 
December 28, 1822, and Mre. Watts July 15, 1823. Mr. J. J. Watts when nineteen years of age 
engaged in the mercantile business as clerk for J. S. Winters, and thus he continued for three 
years. He next engaged with Isaac F. Gates, with whom he continued three months. Then he 
went to York Center, where he and Mr. Storms engaged in keeping groceries under the firm 
name of Watts & Storms, and continued in partnership one year. He next engaged as travel- 
ing salesman for McCreay, Barnes & Donnelly, of Cincinnati, Ohio, for one year; after which 
he came back to Broadway, Ohio, and engaged in farming for a short time. He next was agent 
for the grain warehouse, of Broadway, Ohio, and was at one time in partnership with his 
brother, C. D. Watts, in the grocery business, with whom he dissolved partnership November 11, 
1878, since which time he has been engaged in a general store at Broadway, Ohio. In connec- 
tion with his store he has been engaged in buying and shipping wool to the East each year for 
four years. He has been married twice. He was united in marriage the iirst time with Orpha 
K. SaSord, September 9, 1870; she was born in Union County, Ohio, August 5, 1850, and died 
July 4, 1878. He remained a widower until June 4, 1874, when he was united in marriage with 
Mary M. Yearsly, who was born in Union County, Ohio, March 24, 1846. He is the father of 
three children, two by his first wife, and one by his second — Maud A., born August 6, 1871 ; 
Lenny H., born October 13, 1872 ; and Sewell G., born November 8, 1875. Mr. Watts acquired 
a common school education, and has been a member of the Masonic order nine years. 

C. D. WATTS, druggist, Broadway, was born in Franklin County, Ohio, August 2, 1854, 
and is a son of Hiram and Sarah (Goldsmith) Watts. Our subject was united in marriage Sep- 
tember 19, 1880, with C. J. Burkam, a native of Virginia, born April 25, 1861. When he was 
nineteen years of age he engaged in mercantile business with his brother J. J. Watts. They 
were in partnership about four years, and then dissolved ; after which he engaged in the drug 
business in Broadway, Ohio, where he has at present a No. 1 stock of new drugs, and a 
good town and country patronage He acquired a common school education. His wife is a 
member of the Free Will Baptist Church. 

JOHN A. WELCH, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Vermont September 8, 1819, and is a 
son of Rebe and Lida (Parker) Welch, who were natives of Vermont, the former born March 12, 
1797, and the latter September 2, 1802. He emigrated to Licking County, Ohio, in 1836, and after- 
ward came to Union County, where he remained until his death, which occurred June 10, 1869. 
His widow is still living. John, when twenty-one years of age, engaged in teaching school and 
farming. He taught twenty-four terms and after that devoted his time to farming exclusively. 
He owns ninety-three acres of land at this time which is in a high state of cultivation. He was 
united in mrrriage, November 8, 1844, with Louise Welch, who was a native of Vermont, born 
October 17, 1824. To this union have been born eight children, viz.: Christina, Clarissa, Ed- 
win F., Ira M., Lydia, Belindia, Nathaniel F. and George W. Mr. Welch has filled the office of 
Trustee, Clerk and Assessor of Taylor Township, with credit to himself and his constituents. 
He and his wife are members of the Free-Will Baptist Church. 

HENRY' WILLIS, farmer, P. 0. Broadway, was born in Adams County, Ohio, September 27, 

1818, and is a son of Joseph and Ellen Willis. Joseph AVillis was born in^London, England, in 
1797, and his wife in Adams County, Ohio, in 1794. They were married in Adams County in 
1814. He emigrated from England to Ohio in 1814, first to Adams County, then to Fayette 
County, where they remained until their deaths, he in 1872, and she in 1882. Henry was united 
in marriage May 25, 1837, with Barbara B. Sanderson, who was born in Fayette County, Ohio, 
July 5, 1815. He has been engaged in farming most of his life and owns at the present time 
250 acres of fine land near Broadway. He has lived in Fayette, Clinton and Union Counties. 
He acquired a common school education. Mr. and Mrs. Willis are the parents of nine children, 
of whom six survive — Samuel, William H., Cynthia J., Joseph, Ramith H. and Richard B. 

THOMAS YEARSLEY, farmer, P.O. Broadway. Our subject is one of the oldest settlers of 
Taylor Township, Union County, Ohio. He was born in Chester County, Penn., December 23, 

1819, and is a son of Thomas and Sarah Yearsley. Thomas, the father of our subject, was born 
in Chester County, Penn., August 23, 1790, and Sarah, his first wife, was born in the same 
place, October 9, 1789. She died in Chester County March 17, 1834, and he remained a 
widower until January 6, 1886, when he was united in marriage with Mary Hawley. He re- 
moved with his wife and three of the youngest children, to Union County, Ohio, in 1853, 
and on the 28th day of June, 1854, he died, being in his sixty-fourth year ; his second 
wife died on the 18th day of July, 1870. Our subject came to Union County, Ohio, in 1849, and 
settled where he now resides. He was united in man-iage October 18, 1860, with Sarah Green, 
a native of New Y'ork, born August 3, 1833. He first engaged in teaching school, next in clerk- 
ing in a store, and lastly, in farming. He is still engaged in the latter, and owns, at this 
time, 176 acres of land in a high state of cultivation. He acquired a common school education, 
and has filled the office of Township Trustee of Taylor Township. His wife is a member of the 
Free-Will Baptist Church ; she was formerly a member of the Christian Church. Mr. and Mrs. 
Yearsley are the parents of seven children, of whom six survive — Allin, Joseph, Ada, Burton, 
Mary and Emma. 



694 



HISTORY OF UNION COUNTY. 



MRS. CLIMENIA E. YONKIN, Postmistress, Broadway. The subject of this sketch is a 
widow, residing in Broadway, Ohio, who was born in Delaware County, Ohio, September 3, 
1833, and is a daughter of Newton and Azubah Case, whose sketch appears in this work. Mrs. 
Yonkin was united in marriage, October 21, 1855, with William Yonkin, who was engaged in 
farming. She is the mother of four children, of whom one survives — Jessie B., born July 6, 1860 ; 
the deceased are James P., born June 19, 1856, and died October 14, 1861 ; Francis I., born 
March 18, 1858, and died April 4, 1859, and Clara E.. born February 27, 1863, and died March 
31, 1880. Mrs. Yonkin is filling the position of Postmistress of Broadway, Ohio, where she owns 
property. She has been a member of the Free- Will Baptist Church for twenty years, and is 
much respected by all her acquaintance. 

ALPHONZO YOUNG, farmer, P. 0. Marysville, was born in Ashtabula County, Ohio, March 
7, 1837, and is a son of Seth and Abigail Young. Mr. Young, Sr., was born in Connecticut, and 
his wife was born in Ashtabula County, Ohio ; they were married in Ohio, to which State he 
emigrated when nineteen years of age. Alphonzo was united in marriage, November 15, 1860, 
with Martha E. Newlove, who was born in Clark County, Ohio, November 26, 1835. He has 
been engaged in farming and teaching school most of his life, and now owns fifty acres of land, 
where he resides. He acquired a common school education, and is a member of the I. 0. F. 
fraternity. Mr. and Mrs. Young are the parents of five children — John N., Mary Anna, Ansil, 
Capitola and Mattie. 




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